Francja

Francja (nominative singular)
Francji (genitive singular)
Francji (dative singular)
Francję (accusative singular)
Francją (instrumental singular)
Francji (locative singular)
Francjo (singular vocative)

→ Belarusian: Фра́нцыя (Fráncyja)

desctree

→ Russian: Фра́нция (Fráncija)
→ Bashkir: Франция (Frantsiya)
→ Bulgarian: Франция (Francija)
→ Ingrian: Frantsia
→ Kazakh: Франция (Fransiä)
→ Kyrgyz: Франция (Frantsiya)
→ Macedonian: Франција (Francija)
⇒ Mongolian: Франц (Franc), франц (franc)
→ Slovene: Francija
→ Tatar: Франция (Frantsiyä)
→ Turkmen: Fransiýa
→ Uyghur: فرانسىيە (fransiye)
→ Uzbek: Fransiya

→ Ukrainian: Фра́нція (Fráncija)

Borrowed from French France, from Middle French France, from Old French France, from Late Latin Francia, from Latin Francī, plural of Francus, from Frankish *frankō, from Proto-Germanic *frankô, from Proto-Indo-European *preng-. Doublet of franca and Francuz.


Słowacja

Słowacja (nominative singular)
Słowacji (genitive singular)
Słowacji (dative singular)
Słowację (accusative singular)
Słowacją (instrumental singular)
Słowacji (locative singular)
Słowacjo (singular vocative)


Włochy

pl-prop

Włochy nvir pl (related adjective włoski)

włoski (adjective)
Włochy (nominative plural)
Włoch (genitive plural)
Włochom (dative plural)
Włochy (accusative plural)
Włochami (instrumental plural)
Włoszech (locative plural)
Włochy (plural vocative)

Mieszkam we Włoszech.


Włochy

Włochy nvir pl (related adjective włochowski)

włochowski (adjective)
Włochy (nominative plural)
Włochów (genitive plural)
Włochom (dative plural)
Włochy (accusative plural)
Włochami (instrumental plural)
Włochach (locative plural)
Włochy (plural vocative)


Sumatra

Sumatra (nominative singular)
Sumatry (genitive singular)
Sumatrze (dative singular)
Sumatrę (accusative singular)
Sumatrą (instrumental singular)
Sumatrze (locative singular)
Sumatro (singular vocative)


Ukraina

Ukraina (nominative singular)
Ukrainy (genitive singular)
Ukrainie (dative singular)
Ukrainę (accusative singular)
Ukrainą (instrumental singular)
Ukrainie (locative singular)
Ukraino (singular vocative)

desctree

→ English: Ukraine
→ Assamese: ইউক্ৰেইন (iukrein)
→ Bengali: ইউক্রেন (iukren)
→ Cherokee: ᏯᎧᏪᏂ (yakaweni)
→ Chinese: 烏克蘭／乌克兰 (Wūkèlán)
→ Vietnamese: Ô Khắc Lan
→ Dhivehi: ޔުކްރެއިން (yuk̊rein̊)
→ Gujarati: યૂક્રેઇન (yūkreina)
→ Hawaiian: ʻUkelena
→ Hindi: यूक्रेन (yūkren)
→ Kannada: ಯುಕ್ರೇನ್ (yukrēn)
→ Malay: Ukraine
→ Malayalam: യുക്രെയിൻ (yukreyiṉ)
→ Maori: Ūkareinga
→ Marathi: युक्रेन (yukren)
→ Nepali: युक्रेन (yukrena)
→ Odia: ୟୁକ୍ରେନ (yukrena)
→ Punjabi: ਯੂਕ੍ਰੇਨ (yūkren)
→ Samoan: 'Iukureini
→ Sinhalese: යුක්රේන් (yukrēn)
→ Telugu: ఉక్రెయిన్ (ukreyin)
→ Thai: ยูเครน (yuu-kreen)
→ Tongan: ʻIukuleini
→ Ukrainian: Юкре́йн (Jukréjn)
→ Urdu: یُوکْرین (yūkren)
→ Yoruba: Yukíréènì

→ Kashubian: Ukrajina

From Old East Slavic украина (ukraina, “borderland”). By surface analysis, u + kraina.

der

Ukraine (a country in Eastern Europe, bordering on the north shore of the Black Sea)


Czechy

Czechy (nominative plural)
Czech (genitive plural)
Czechom (dative plural)
Czechy (accusative plural)
Czechami (instrumental plural)
Czechach (locative plural)
Czechy (plural vocative)

Czech Republic
Czech Republic#English:_Q213

Czech Republic (a country in Central Europe)


Niemcy

pl-prop

Niemcy nvir pl (related adjective niemiecki)

niemiecki (adjective)
Niemcy (nominative plural)
Niemiec (genitive plural)
Niemcom (dative plural)
Niemcy (accusative plural)
Niemcami (instrumental plural)
Niemczech (locative plural)
Niemcy (plural vocative)


Warszawa

Warszawa f (related adjective warszawski)

warszawski (adjective)
Warszawa (nominative singular)
Warszawy (genitive singular)
Warszawie (dative singular)
Warszawę (accusative singular)
Warszawą (instrumental singular)
Warszawie (locative singular)
Warszawo (singular vocative)

→ Belarusian: Варша́ва (Varšáva)

→ Bulgarian: Варша́ва (Varšáva)

→ Czech: Varšava

→ Danish: Warszawa

→ English: Warsaw

desctree

→ German: Warschau
→ Dutch: Warschau
→ Afrikaans: Warschau
→ Icelandic: Varsjá
→ Luxembourgish: Warschau

→ Hungarian: Varsó

→ Japanese: ワルシャワ

desc

→ Korean: 바르샤바 (bareusyaba), 와르샤와 (wareusyawa)

desctree

→ Latin: Varsovia
Catalan: Varsòvia
French: Varsovie
Galician: Varsovia
Italian: Varsavia
Portuguese: Varsóvia
Romanian: Varșovia
Spanish: Varsovia

→ Latvian: Varšava

→ Lithuanian: Varšuva

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Warszawa

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: Warszawa

→ Russian: Варша́ва (Varšáva)
→ Kyrgyz: Варшава (Varşava)
→ Mongolian: Варшав (Varšav)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Varšava, Варшава

→ Slovak: Varšava

→ Slovene: Varšava

→ Swedish: Warszawa

→ Ukrainian: Варша́ва (Varšáva)

Inherited from Old Polish Warszewa with -e- replaced by -a- due to hypercorrection or assimilation.

Warszawa lat wojny i okupacji

Arcybiskupowi przeznaczono rocznéj pensyi 140,000 franków, prócz pieniędzy na reprezentacyą; gdyż cesarz w udzielonych mu instrukcyach chciał, aby w Warszawie wielki dom prowadził.

1854, Leon Potocki, Święcone, czyli Pałac Potockich w Warszawie:

The archbishop was allowed a yearly pension of 140,000 franks, in addition to the money for representation; where as the emperor, as in his conferred instructions, wanted him to lead a great house in Warsaw.

Od daty 18 maja 1815 roku, kiedy traktat wiedeński powołał do życia Królestwo Polskie, rozpoczęła się dla Warszawy nowa epoka.

1964, Adam Szczypiorski, Ćwierć wieku Warszawy, 1806–1830:

From May 18, 1815, when the Treaty of Vienna brought the Polish Kingdom back to life, a new epoch for Warsaw begun.

W takiej atmosferze rewolucyjnego września opuszczał na zawsze Warszawę i Ojczyznę Fryderyk Chopin.

2008, Artur III Nadolski, Pani Chłodna (opowieść o warszawskiej ulicy):

In this revolutionist atmosphere of September, Frederyk Chopin left Warsaw and his fatherland forever.

Warsaw (the capital and largest city of Poland)

Masovian Voivodeship
Masovian Voivodeship#English

Warsaw (the capital and largest city of the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland)


Jemen

Jemen (nominative singular)
Jemenu (genitive singular)
Jemenowi (dative singular)
Jemen (accusative singular)
Jemenem (instrumental singular)
Jemenie (locative singular)
Jemenie (singular vocative)

Yemen (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Węgry

Węgry (nominative plural)
Węgier (genitive plural)
Węgrom (dative plural)
Węgry (accusative plural)
Węgrami (instrumental plural)
Węgrzech (locative plural)
Węgry (plural vocative)

→ Lithuanian: vengras

→ Middle Russian: Ве́нгры (Véngry)

Mieszkam na Węgrzech.


Kolumbia

Kolumbia (nominative singular)
Kolumbii (genitive singular)
Kolumbii (dative singular)
Kolumbię (accusative singular)
Kolumbią (instrumental singular)
Kolumbii (locative singular)
Kolumbio (singular vocative)


Litwa

litewski (adjective)
Litwa (nominative singular)
Litwy (genitive singular)
Litwie (dative singular)
Litwę (accusative singular)
Litwą (instrumental singular)
Litwie (locative singular)
Litwo (singular vocative)

Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Grand Duchy of Lithuania

(colloquial, historical) Grand Duchy of Lithuania (former European state from the 13th century until 1795, encompassing the territory of modern-day Lithuania and Belarus, a large part of Ukraine, and small parts of Russia and Poland)


Litwa

Litwa (nominative singular)
Litwowie (nominative plural)
Litwy (genitive singular)
Litwów (genitive plural)
Litwie (dative singular)
Litwom (dative plural)
Litwę (accusative singular)
Litwów (accusative plural)
Litwą (instrumental singular)
Litwami (instrumental plural)
Litwie (locative singular)
Litwach (locative plural)
Litwo (singular vocative)
Litwowie (plural vocative)


Litwa

Litwa (nominative singular)
Litwy (nominative plural)
Litwy (genitive singular)
Litw (genitive plural)
Litwie (dative singular)
Litwom (dative plural)
Litwę (accusative singular)
Litwy (accusative plural)
Litwą (instrumental singular)
Litwami (instrumental plural)
Litwie (locative singular)
Litwach (locative plural)
Litwo (singular vocative)
Litwy (plural vocative)


Seul

Seul (nominative singular)
Seulu (genitive singular)
Seulowi (dative singular)
Seul (accusative singular)
Seulem (instrumental singular)
Seulu (locative singular)
Seulu (singular vocative)


Teheran

Teheran (nominative singular)
Teheranu (genitive singular)
Teheranowi (dative singular)
Teheran (accusative singular)
Teheranem (instrumental singular)
Teheranie (locative singular)
Teheranie (singular vocative)


Bogota

Bogota (nominative singular)
Bogoty (genitive singular)
Bogocie (dative singular)
Bogotę (accusative singular)
Bogotą (instrumental singular)
Bogocie (locative singular)
Bogoto (singular vocative)


Maskat

Maskat (nominative singular)
Maskatu (genitive singular)
Maskatowi (dative singular)
Maskat (accusative singular)
Maskatem (instrumental singular)
Maskacie (locative singular)
Maskacie (singular vocative)


haf

haf (nominative singular)
hafy (nominative plural)
hafu (genitive singular)
hafów (genitive plural)
hafowi (dative singular)
hafom (dative plural)
haf (accusative singular)
hafy (accusative plural)
hafem (instrumental singular)
hafami (instrumental plural)
hafie (locative singular)
hafach (locative plural)
hafie (singular vocative)
hafy (plural vocative)

(obsolete) bay, cove, gulf (body of water (especially the sea) more-or-less three-quarters surrounded by land)


Kirgistan

Kirgistan (nominative singular)
Kirgistanu (genitive singular)
Kirgistanowi (dative singular)
Kirgistan (accusative singular)
Kirgistanem (instrumental singular)
Kirgistanie (locative singular)
Kirgistanie (singular vocative)

Kyrgyzstan (a country in Central Asia, bordering on Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China)


haggis

haggis (nominative singular)
haggisy (nominative plural)
haggisu (genitive singular)
haggisów (genitive plural)
haggisowi (dative singular)
haggisom (dative plural)
haggis (accusative singular)
haggisy (accusative plural)
haggisem (instrumental singular)
haggisami (instrumental plural)
haggisie (locative singular)
haggisach (locative plural)
haggisie (singular vocative)
haggisy (plural vocative)


Mekong

Mekong (nominative singular)
Mekongu (genitive singular)
Mekongowi (dative singular)
Mekong (accusative singular)
Mekongiem (instrumental singular)
Mekongu (locative singular)
Mekongu (singular vocative)


bastion

bastionik (diminutive)
bastion (nominative singular)
bastiony (nominative plural)
bastionu (genitive singular)
bastionów (genitive plural)
bastionowi (dative singular)
bastionom (dative plural)
bastion (accusative singular)
bastiony (accusative plural)
bastionem (instrumental singular)
bastionami (instrumental plural)
bastionie (locative singular)
bastionach (locative plural)
bastionie (singular vocative)
bastiony (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French bastion, from Old French bastille.

(figuratively) bastion (person, group, or thing, that strongly defends some principle)


Derby

Unadapted borrowing from English Derby, from Old English Deoraby, from Old Norse Djúra-bý, from dýr + bǿr.

Derby (a city and unitary authority in Derbyshire, in the East Midlands, England)

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

Derby (a town in Kimberley, Western Australia)


Hiroshima

pl-prop

Hiroshima f (related adjective hiroshimski)

hiroshimski (adjective)
Hiroshima (nominative singular)
Hiroshimy (genitive singular)
Hiroshimie (dative singular)
Hiroshimę (accusative singular)
Hiroshimą (instrumental singular)
Hiroshimie (locative singular)
Hiroshimo (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Hiroshima.


Etiopia

etiopski (adjective)
Etiopia (nominative singular)
Etiopii (genitive singular)
Etiopii (dative singular)
Etiopię (accusative singular)
Etiopią (instrumental singular)
Etiopii (locative singular)
Etiopio (singular vocative)


Madagaskar

pl-proper noun

Madagaskar m inan (related adjective madagaskarski)

madagaskarski (adjective)
Madagaskar (nominative singular)
Madagaskaru (genitive singular)
Madagaskarowi (dative singular)
Madagaskar (accusative singular)
Madagaskarem (instrumental singular)
Madagaskarze (locative singular)
Madagaskarze (singular vocative)

Madagascar (an island and country off the east coast of Africa)


Bombaj

pl-prop

Bombaj m inan (related adjective bombajski)

bombajski (adjective)
Bombaj (nominative singular)
Bombaju (genitive singular)
Bombajowi (dative singular)
Bombaj (accusative singular)
Bombajem (instrumental singular)
Bombaju (locative singular)
Bombaju (singular vocative)

Mumbai (a city, the capital and largest city of Maharashtra, India)


Paryż

Paryż m inan (related adjective paryski)

paryski (adjective)
Paryż (nominative singular)
Paryża (genitive singular)
Paryżowi (dative singular)
Paryż (accusative singular)
Paryżem (instrumental singular)
Paryżu (locative singular)
Paryżu (singular vocative)

Paris (the capital and largest city of France)


Tokio

Tokio n (indeclinable, related adjective tokijski)

Tokyo (the capital and largest city of Japan)

Tokyo (the capital and largest city of Tokyo prefecture, Japan)


Singapur

Singapur (nominative singular)
Singapuru (genitive singular)
Singapurowi (dative singular)
Singapur (accusative singular)
Singapurem (instrumental singular)
Singapurze (locative singular)
Singapurze (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Singapore, from Malay Singapura, from Sanskrit सिंहपुर (siṃhá-pura), from सिंह (siṃha, “lion”) + पुर (pura, “city”).

af

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


Maroko

marokański (adjective)
Maroko (nominative singular)
Maroka (genitive singular)
Maroku (dative singular)
Maroko (accusative singular)
Marokiem (instrumental singular)
Maroku (locative singular)
Maroko (singular vocative)


Katar

Katar (nominative singular)
Kataru (genitive singular)
Katarowi (dative singular)
Katar (accusative singular)
Katarem (instrumental singular)
Katarze (locative singular)
Katarze (singular vocative)

Qatar (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Borneo

Probably from Sanskrit वरुणद्वीप (varuṇa-dvīpa, “island of Varuna”).

der

Borneo (a large island in Southeast Asia, politically divided between Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei)


Liban

Liban (nominative singular)
Libanu (genitive singular)
Libanowi (dative singular)
Liban (accusative singular)
Libanem (instrumental singular)
Libanie (locative singular)
Libanie (singular vocative)

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


aerodrom

aerodrom (nominative singular)
aerodromy (nominative plural)
aerodromu (genitive singular)
aerodromów (genitive plural)
aerodromowi (dative singular)
aerodromom (dative plural)
aerodrom (accusative singular)
aerodromy (accusative plural)
aerodromem (instrumental singular)
aerodromami (instrumental plural)
aerodromie (locative singular)
aerodromach (locative plural)
aerodromie (singular vocative)
aerodromy (plural vocative)

From aero- + -drom. First attested in 1901.


Drina

Drina (nominative singular)
Driny (genitive singular)
Drinie (dative singular)
Drinę (accusative singular)
Driną (instrumental singular)
Drinie (locative singular)
Drino (singular vocative)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English

Drina (a river running along the border of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia)


Olza

Olza (nominative singular)
Olzy (genitive singular)
Olzie (dative singular)
Olzę (accusative singular)
Olzą (instrumental singular)
Olzie (locative singular)
Olzo (singular vocative)

Olza (a right tributary of the Odra flowing through Poland and the Czech Republic)


Tromsø

Troms og Finnmark
Troms og Finnmark#English

Tromsø (a city and municipality of Troms og Finnmark, Norway)


getto

getto (nominative singular)
getta (nominative plural)
getta (genitive singular)
gett (genitive plural)
gettu (dative singular)
gettom (dative plural)
getto (accusative singular)
getta (accusative plural)
gettem (instrumental singular)
gettami (instrumental plural)
getcie (locative singular)
gettach (locative plural)
getto (singular vocative)
getta (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English ghetto, French ghetto, German Getto, ultimately from Italian ghetto, from Venetian ghèto.

ghetto (isolated community, governed by its own laws, hostile towards outsiders)


Hindustan

Hindustan (nominative singular)
Hindustanu (genitive singular)
Hindustanowi (dative singular)
Hindustan (accusative singular)
Hindustanem (instrumental singular)
Hindustanie (locative singular)
Hindustanie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Persian هندوستان (hendustân).

bor+

Hindustan, an alternative name for India (a country in Asia)


anglomania

anglomania (nominative singular)
anglomanii (genitive singular)
anglomanii (dative singular)
anglomanię (accusative singular)
anglomanią (instrumental singular)
anglomanii (locative singular)
anglomanio (singular vocative)


hala

hala (nominative singular)
hale (nominative plural)
hali (genitive singular)
hali (genitive plural)
hal (genitive plural)
hali (dative singular)
halom (dative plural)
halę (accusative singular)
hale (accusative plural)
halą (instrumental singular)
halami (instrumental plural)
hali (locative singular)
halach (locative plural)
halo (singular vocative)
hale (plural vocative)

mountain meadow in the Alpine tundra, above the tree line


Tatarstan

Tatarstan (nominative singular)
Tatarstanu (genitive singular)
Tatarstanowi (dative singular)
Tatarstan (accusative singular)
Tatarstanem (instrumental singular)
Tatarstanie (locative singular)
Tatarstanie (singular vocative)

Transliteration of Russian Татарста́н (Tatarstán).

translit

Tatarstan (a republic of eastern Russia; capital: Kazan)


oaza

oaza (nominative singular)
oazy (nominative plural)
oazy (genitive singular)
oaz (genitive plural)
oazie (dative singular)
oazom (dative plural)
oazę (accusative singular)
oazy (accusative plural)
oazą (instrumental singular)
oazami (instrumental plural)
oazie (locative singular)
oazach (locative plural)
oazo (singular vocative)
oazy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Oase, from Late Latin Oasis, from Ancient Greek Ὄασις (Óasis), from Demotic wḥj, from Egyptian wḥꜣt (“oasis, cauldron”).

oasis (spring of fresh water, surrounded by a fertile region of vegetation, in a desert)

oasis (quiet, peaceful place or situation)


Gaza

gazański (adjective)
Gaza (nominative singular)
Gazy (genitive singular)
Gazie (dative singular)
Gazę (accusative singular)
Gazą (instrumental singular)
Gazie (locative singular)
Gazo (singular vocative)

Gaza (a city in the Gaza Strip, Palestine, in the Levant)

Gaza Strip (A region in Palestine between Egypt and Israel)


Tyr

Tyr (nominative singular)
Tyru (genitive singular)
Tyrowi (dative singular)
Tyr (accusative singular)
Tyrem (instrumental singular)
Tyrze (locative singular)
Tyrze (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Tyrus, from Ancient Greek Τύρος (Túros), from Phoenician 𐤑𐤓 (ṣr /Ṣur/, “rock”).

Tyre (an ancient city-state in Phoenicia)

Tyre (a port city, the capital of Tyre district, Lebanon)


K2 (a mountain in Himalayas, the world’s second highest mountain)


miasto

pl-noun

miasto n (diminutive miastko, related adjective miejski)

miastko (diminutive)
miejski (adjective)
miasto (nominative singular)
miasta (nominative plural)
miasta (genitive singular)
miast (genitive plural)
miastu (dative singular)
miastom (dative plural)
miasto (accusative singular)
miasta (accusative plural)
miastem (instrumental singular)
miastami (instrumental plural)
mieście (locative singular)
miastach (locative plural)
miasto (singular vocative)
miasta (plural vocative)


Ariel

Ariel (nominative singular)
Ariele (nominative plural)
Arile (derogatory nominative plural)
Arila (genitive singular)
Arili (genitive plural)
Arilowi (dative singular)
Arilom (dative plural)
Arila (accusative singular)
Arili (accusative plural)
Arilem (instrumental singular)
Arilami (instrumental plural)
Arilu (locative singular)
Arilach (locative plural)
Arilu (singular vocative)
Ariele (plural vocative)

(astronomy) Ariel (brightest moon of the planet Uranus)


Malezja

Malezja (nominative singular)
Malezji (genitive singular)
Malezji (dative singular)
Malezję (accusative singular)
Malezją (instrumental singular)
Malezji (locative singular)
Malezjo (singular vocative)


Stany Zjednoczone

Stany Zjednoczone (nominative plural)
Stanów Zjednoczonych (genitive plural)
Stanom Zjednoczonym (dative plural)
Stany Zjednoczone (accusative plural)
Stanami Zjednoczonymi (instrumental plural)
Stanach Zjednoczonych (locative plural)
Stany Zjednoczone (plural vocative)

United States (a country in North America)


polje

polje (nominative singular)
polja (nominative plural)
polja (genitive singular)
polji (genitive plural)
polju (dative singular)
poljom (dative plural)
polje (accusative singular)
polja (accusative plural)
poljem (instrumental singular)
poljami (instrumental plural)
polju (locative singular)
poljach (locative plural)
polje (singular vocative)
polja (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian pȍlje. Doublet of pole.


Karelia

Karelia (nominative singular)
Karelii (genitive singular)
Karelii (dative singular)
Karelię (accusative singular)
Karelią (instrumental singular)
Karelii (locative singular)
Karelio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Каре́лия (Karélija), from Medieval Latin Carēlia, from Swedish Karelen and Finnish Karjala.

bor+

Karelia (a republic of Russia; capital: Petrozavodsk)


fiord

fiord (nominative singular)
fiordy (nominative plural)
fiordu (genitive singular)
fiordów (genitive plural)
fiordowi (dative singular)
fiordom (dative plural)
fiord (accusative singular)
fiordy (accusative plural)
fiordem (instrumental singular)
fiordami (instrumental plural)
fiordzie (locative singular)
fiordach (locative plural)
fiordzie (singular vocative)
fiordy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Norwegian fjord, from Old Norse fjǫrðr, from Proto-Germanic *ferþuz (“inlet, fjord”), from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”). Doublet of port.


Altair

Altair (nominative singular)
Altairu (genitive singular)
Altairowi (dative singular)
Altair (accusative singular)
Altairem (instrumental singular)
Altairze (locative singular)
Altairze (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Brazilian Portuguese Altair.

Altair (a municipality of São Paulo, Brazil)


państwo

pl-noun

państwo m pers pl (abbreviation pp. or p.)

pp. (abbreviation)
p. (abbreviation)
państwo (nominative plural)
państwa (genitive plural)
państwu (dative plural)
państwa (accusative plural)
państwem (instrumental plural)
państwu (locative plural)
państwo (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish państwo. By surface analysis, pan + -stwo. Compare Czech panstvo, Kashubian państwò, and Slovincian państwô.

Mr. and Mrs. (husband and wife collectively)


kosa

kosa (nominative singular)
kosy (nominative plural)
kosy (genitive singular)
kos (genitive plural)
kosie (dative singular)
kosom (dative plural)
kosę (accusative singular)
kosy (accusative plural)
kosą (instrumental singular)
kosami (instrumental plural)
kosie (locative singular)
kosach (locative plural)
koso (singular vocative)
kosy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish kosa, from Proto-Slavic *kosa.

(geography) spit that extends into the deep sea, instead of closing off a lagoon


dolar

dolar m animal (related adjective dolarowy, abbreviation dol.)

dolarowy (adjective)
dol. (abbreviation)
dolar (nominative singular)
dolary (nominative plural)
dolara (genitive singular)
dolarów (genitive plural)
dolarowi (dative singular)
dolarom (dative plural)
dolara (accusative singular)
dolary (accusative plural)
dolarem (instrumental singular)
dolarami (instrumental plural)
dolarze (locative singular)
dolarach (locative plural)
dolarze (singular vocative)
dolary (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: dolar

Borrowed from English dollar. Doublet of talar. First attested in 1796. Compare Silesian dolar.

ref

Gazeta Krakowska (in Polish), number 50, 1796 July 26, page 2

(nuclear physics) dollar (unit of reactivity equal to the interval between delayed criticality and prompt criticality)


Aalborg

Aalborg (nominative singular)
Aalborgu (genitive singular)
Aalborgowi (dative singular)
Aalborg (accusative singular)
Aalborgiem (instrumental singular)
Aalborgu (locative singular)
Aalborgu (singular vocative)

Aalborg (the capital city of North Jutland, Denmark)


camping

camping (nominative singular)
campingi (nominative plural)
campingu (genitive singular)
campingów (genitive plural)
campingowi (dative singular)
campingom (dative plural)
camping (accusative singular)
campingi (accusative plural)
campingiem (instrumental singular)
campingami (instrumental plural)
campingu (locative singular)
campingach (locative plural)
campingu (singular vocative)
campingi (plural vocative)


sterling

sterling (nominative singular)
sterlingi (nominative plural)
sterlinga (genitive singular)
sterlingów (genitive plural)
sterlingowi (dative singular)
sterlingom (dative plural)
sterlinga (accusative singular)
sterlingi (accusative plural)
sterlingiem (instrumental singular)
sterlingami (instrumental plural)
sterlingu (locative singular)
sterlingach (locative plural)
sterlingu (singular vocative)
sterlingi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English sterling, from Middle English sterling, sterlinge, sterlynge, starling.


Enceladus

Enceladus (nominative singular)
Enceladusi (nominative plural)
Enceladusy (derogatory nominative plural)
Enceladusa (genitive singular)
Enceladusów (genitive plural)
Enceladusowi (dative singular)
Enceladusom (dative plural)
Enceladusa (accusative singular)
Enceladusów (accusative plural)
Enceladusem (instrumental singular)
Enceladusami (instrumental plural)
Enceladusie (locative singular)
Enceladusach (locative plural)
Enceladusie (singular vocative)
Enceladusi (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἐγκέλαδος (Enkélados).


Kazachstan

Kazachstan (nominative singular)
Kazachstanu (genitive singular)
Kazachstanowi (dative singular)
Kazachstan (accusative singular)
Kazachstanem (instrumental singular)
Kazachstanie (locative singular)
Kazachstanie (singular vocative)

Kazakhstan (a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe)


Mauretania

pl-proper noun

Mauretania f (related adjective mauretański)

mauretański (adjective)
Mauretania (nominative singular)
Mauretanii (genitive singular)
Mauretanii (dative singular)
Mauretanię (accusative singular)
Mauretanią (instrumental singular)
Mauretanii (locative singular)
Mauretanio (singular vocative)


kar

kar (nominative singular)
kary (nominative plural)
karu (genitive singular)
karów (genitive plural)
karowi (dative singular)
karom (dative plural)
kar (accusative singular)
kary (accusative plural)
karem (instrumental singular)
karami (instrumental plural)
karze (locative singular)
karach (locative plural)
karze (singular vocative)
kary (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Kar, from Middle High German kar, from Old High German char, from Proto-Germanic *kazą.


huba

Borrowed from Old Czech húba. Doublet of gęba.

bracket fungus, polypore, shelf fungus (tree fungus)


potok

potoczek (diminutive)
potok (nominative singular)
potoki (nominative plural)
potoku (genitive singular)
potoków (genitive plural)
potokowi (dative singular)
potokom (dative plural)
potok (accusative singular)
potoki (accusative plural)
potokiem (instrumental singular)
potokami (instrumental plural)
potoku (locative singular)
potokach (locative plural)
potoku (singular vocative)
potoki (plural vocative)


Bordeaux

pl-prop

Bordeaux n (indeclinable, related adjective bordoski)

Unadapted borrowing from French Bordeaux.

ubor

Bordeaux (the capital and largest city of the Gironde department, France; capital and largest city of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine)


Port-au-Prince

Port-au-Prince (the capital city of Haiti)


Addis Abeba

Addis Abeba (nominative singular)
Addis Abeby (genitive singular)
Addis Abebie (dative singular)
Addis Abebę (accusative singular)
Addis Abebą (instrumental singular)
Addis Abebie (locative singular)
Addis Abebo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Amharic አዲስ አበባ (ʾädis ʾäbäba).

bor+

Addis Ababa (the capital city of Ethiopia)


Thimphu

Borrowed from Dzongkha ཐིམ་ཕུ (thim phu).


San José

San José (the capital city of Costa Rica)

Santa Clara County
Santa Clara County#English

San Jose (a large city, the county seat of Santa Clara County, California, United States)


Baku

Borrowed from Russian Баку́ (Bakú), from Azerbaijani Bakı.


Santo Domingo

Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic#English

Santo Domingo (the capital city of the Dominican Republic)


Bridgetown

Bridgetown (the capital city of Barbados)


Île-de-France

Unadapted borrowing from French Île-de-France.

ubor

administrative region
administrative region

Île-de-France (an administrative region in north-central France, including Paris)

Île-de-France (a domestic sheep breed originally from the region)


Luanda

Luanda (nominative singular)
Luandy (genitive singular)
Luandzie (dative singular)
Luandę (accusative singular)
Luandą (instrumental singular)
Luandzie (locative singular)
Luando (singular vocative)


Praia

Praia (nominative singular)
Prai (genitive singular)
Prai (dative singular)
Praię (accusative singular)
Praią (instrumental singular)
Prai (locative singular)
Praio (singular vocative)


Kingston

Kingston (nominative singular)
Kingstonu (genitive singular)
Kingstonowi (dative singular)
Kingston (accusative singular)
Kingstonem (instrumental singular)
Kingstonie (locative singular)
Kingstonie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Kingston, from Old English Cinges tūn.


Moroni

Borrowed from French Moroni, from Ngazidja Comorian Mroni, from mroni.

Moroni (the capital city of the Comoros)


Astana

Astana (nominative singular)
Astany (genitive singular)
Astanie (dative singular)
Astanę (accusative singular)
Astaną (instrumental singular)
Astanie (locative singular)
Astano (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Kazakh Астана (Astana, “capital”), from Persian آستانه (âstâne).


Brasília

Brasília (nominative singular)
Brasílii (genitive singular)
Brasílii (dative singular)
Brasílię (accusative singular)
Brasílią (instrumental singular)
Brasílii (locative singular)
Brasílio (singular vocative)

Distrito Federal
Distrito Federal#English

Brasília (a municipality, the capital city of Brazil; state capital of Distrito Federal, Brazil)


lotnisko

lotnisko (nominative singular)
lotniska (nominative plural)
lotniska (genitive singular)
lotnisk (genitive plural)
lotnisku (dative singular)
lotniskom (dative plural)
lotnisko (accusative singular)
lotniska (accusative plural)
lotniskiem (instrumental singular)
lotniskami (instrumental plural)
lotnisku (locative singular)
lotniskach (locative plural)
lotnisko (singular vocative)
lotniska (plural vocative)


bór

borek (diminutive)
bór (nominative singular)
bory (nominative plural)
boru (genitive singular)
borów (genitive plural)
borowi (dative singular)
borom (dative plural)
bór (accusative singular)
bory (accusative plural)
borem (instrumental singular)
borami (instrumental plural)
borze (locative singular)
borach (locative plural)
borze (singular vocative)
bory (plural vocative)


lej

lejek (diminutive)
lej (nominative singular)
leje (nominative plural)
leja (genitive singular)
lejów (genitive plural)
lejowi (dative singular)
lejom (dative plural)
lej (accusative singular)
leje (accusative plural)
lejem (instrumental singular)
lejami (instrumental plural)
leju (locative singular)
lejach (locative plural)
leju (singular vocative)
leje (plural vocative)


Göteborg

Göteborg (nominative singular)
Göteborgu (genitive singular)
Göteborgowi (dative singular)
Göteborg (accusative singular)
Göteborgiem (instrumental singular)
Göteborgu (locative singular)
Göteborgu (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Swedish Göteborg.


bród

bród (nominative singular)
brody (nominative plural)
brodu (genitive singular)
brodów (genitive plural)
brodowi (dative singular)
brodom (dative plural)
bród (accusative singular)
brody (accusative plural)
brodem (instrumental singular)
brodami (instrumental plural)
brodzie (locative singular)
brodach (locative plural)
brodzie (singular vocative)
brody (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *brodъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *brádas, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrodʰ-o-s, from *bʰredʰ- (“to wade”).


Helena

Helenka (diminutive)
Hela (diminutive)
Helena (nominative singular)
Heleny (nominative plural)
Heleny (genitive singular)
Helen (genitive plural)
Helenie (dative singular)
Helenom (dative plural)
Helenę (accusative singular)
Heleny (accusative plural)
Heleną (instrumental singular)
Helenami (instrumental plural)
Helenie (locative singular)
Helenach (locative plural)
Heleno (singular vocative)
Heleny (plural vocative)

(uncountable, astronomy) Helene (moon of Saturn)


wyspa

pl-noun

wyspa f (diminutive wysepka, related adjective wyspowy)

wysepka (diminutive)
wyspowy (adjective)
wyspa (nominative singular)
wyspy (nominative plural)
wyspy (genitive singular)
wysp (genitive plural)
wyspie (dative singular)
wyspom (dative plural)
wyspę (accusative singular)
wyspy (accusative plural)
wyspą (instrumental singular)
wyspami (instrumental plural)
wyspie (locative singular)
wyspach (locative plural)
wyspo (singular vocative)
wyspy (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: вы́спа (výspa)

→ Czech: výspa

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьzsъpъ/*jьzsъpa, with an innovative prefixation of wy- performing a similar function of *jьz/*jьz-. By surface analysis, deverbal from wysypać.

surf

island (piece of land smaller than a continent and surrounded by water)


kotlina

kotlina (nominative singular)
kotliny (nominative plural)
kotliny (genitive singular)
kotlin (genitive plural)
kotlinie (dative singular)
kotlinom (dative plural)
kotlinę (accusative singular)
kotliny (accusative plural)
kotliną (instrumental singular)
kotlinami (instrumental plural)
kotlinie (locative singular)
kotlinach (locative plural)
kotlino (singular vocative)
kotliny (plural vocative)


eden

edeński (adjective)
eden (nominative singular)
edeny (nominative plural)
edenu (genitive singular)
edenów (genitive plural)
edenowi (dative singular)
edenom (dative plural)
eden (accusative singular)
edeny (accusative plural)
edenem (instrumental singular)
edenami (instrumental plural)
edenie (locative singular)
edenach (locative plural)
edenie (singular vocative)
edeny (plural vocative)


kraj

krajowy (adjective)
kraj (nominative singular)
kraje (nominative plural)
kraju (genitive singular)
krajów (genitive plural)
krajowi (dative singular)
krajom (dative plural)
kraj (accusative singular)
kraje (accusative plural)
krajem (instrumental singular)
krajami (instrumental plural)
kraju (locative singular)
krajach (locative plural)
kraju (singular vocative)
kraje (plural vocative)

(government) krai (administrative division of some countries)


Umbriel

Umbriel (nominative singular)
Umbriele (nominative plural)
Umbrile (derogatory nominative plural)
Umbrila (genitive singular)
Umbrili (genitive plural)
Umbrilowi (dative singular)
Umbrilom (dative plural)
Umbrila (accusative singular)
Umbrili (accusative plural)
Umbrilem (instrumental singular)
Umbrilami (instrumental plural)
Umbrilu (locative singular)
Umbrilach (locative plural)
Umbrilu (singular vocative)
Umbriele (plural vocative)


Miranda

Miranda (nominative singular)
Mirandy (nominative plural)
Mirandy (genitive singular)
Mirand (genitive plural)
Mirandzie (dative singular)
Mirandom (dative plural)
Mirandę (accusative singular)
Mirandy (accusative plural)
Mirandą (instrumental singular)
Mirandami (instrumental plural)
Mirandzie (locative singular)
Mirandach (locative plural)
Mirando (singular vocative)
Mirandy (plural vocative)

(astronomy) Miranda (one of the moons of Uranus)


Deimos

Deimos (nominative singular)
Deimosa (genitive singular)
Deimosowi (dative singular)
Deimosa (accusative singular)
Deimosem (instrumental singular)
Deimosie (locative singular)
Deimosie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Δεῖμος (Deîmos), from δειμός (deimós).


Ganges

Ganges (nominative singular)
Gangesu (genitive singular)
Gangesowi (dative singular)
Ganges (accusative singular)
Gangesem (instrumental singular)
Gangesie (locative singular)
Gangesie (singular vocative)

Ganges (a river in Bangladesh and India)


sandr

pl-noun

sandr m inan (related adjective sandrowy)

sandrowy (adjective)
sandr (nominative singular)
sandry (nominative plural)
sandru (genitive singular)
sandrów (genitive plural)
sandrowi (dative singular)
sandrom (dative plural)
sandr (accusative singular)
sandry (accusative plural)
sandrem (instrumental singular)
sandrami (instrumental plural)
sandrze (locative singular)
sandrach (locative plural)
sandrze (singular vocative)
sandry (plural vocative)

(geology) sandur (plain created by the outwash of glacial meltwater)


Petersburg

Petersburg (nominative singular)
Petersburga (genitive singular)
Petersburgowi (dative singular)
Petersburg (accusative singular)
Petersburgiem (instrumental singular)
Petersburgu (locative singular)
Petersburgu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Петербу́рг (Peterbúrg).

bor+

Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg#English

Saint Petersburg (a federal city of Russia)


Kenia

kenijski (adjective)
Kenia (nominative singular)
Kenii (genitive singular)
Kenii (dative singular)
Kenię (accusative singular)
Kenią (instrumental singular)
Kenii (locative singular)
Kenio (singular vocative)


Kaliningrad

Kaliningrad (nominative singular)
Kaliningradu (genitive singular)
Kaliningradowi (dative singular)
Kaliningrad (accusative singular)
Kaliningradem (instrumental singular)
Kaliningradzie (locative singular)
Kaliningradzie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Калинингра́д (Kaliningrád).

Калинингра́д

Kaliningrad, Königsberg (a city, the administrative center of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia)


Judea

judejski (adjective)
Judea (nominative singular)
Judei (genitive singular)
Judei (dative singular)
Judeę (accusative singular)
Judeą (instrumental singular)
Judei (locative singular)
Judeo (singular vocative)

Judea (a historical region in Palestine)


Hanna

Hanna (nominative singular)
Hanny (genitive singular)
Hannie (dative singular)
Hannę (accusative singular)
Hanną (instrumental singular)
Hannie (locative singular)
Hanno (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Anna, from Ancient Greek Ἄννα (Ánna), from Hebrew חַנָּה (ḥannâ). Doublet of Anna.

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship#English

Hanna (a village in the Gmina of Hanna, Włodawa County, Lublin Voivodeship, Poland)


ferma

ferma (nominative singular)
fermy (nominative plural)
fermy (genitive singular)
ferm (genitive plural)
fermie (dative singular)
fermom (dative plural)
fermę (accusative singular)
fermy (accusative plural)
fermą (instrumental singular)
fermami (instrumental plural)
fermie (locative singular)
fermach (locative plural)
fermo (singular vocative)
fermy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French ferme. Doublet of farma.

(agriculture) farm (farm that raises small animals, such as chickens or rabbits)


Malmö

Unadapted borrowing from Swedish Malmö, from Middle Danish Malmoghe, Malmhauge, from malm + høj, from Old Norse, from Proto-Germanic, form Proto-Indo-European.


Düsseldorf

pl-prop

Düsseldorf m inan (related adjective düsseldorfski)

düsseldorfski (adjective)
Düsseldorf (nominative singular)
Düsseldorfu (genitive singular)
Düsseldorfowi (dative singular)
Düsseldorf (accusative singular)
Düsseldorfem (instrumental singular)
Düsseldorfie (locative singular)
Düsseldorfie (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from German Düsseldorf.

ubor

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Düsseldorf (the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany)


Szkocja

szkocki (adjective)
Szkocja (nominative singular)
Szkocji (genitive singular)
Szkocji (dative singular)
Szkocję (accusative singular)
Szkocją (instrumental singular)
Szkocji (locative singular)
Szkocjo (singular vocative)

Scotland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


Wielka Brytania

Wielka Brytania (nominative singular)
Wielkiej Brytanii (genitive singular)
Wielkiej Brytanii (dative singular)
Wielką Brytanię (accusative singular)
Wielką Brytanią (instrumental singular)
Wielkiej Brytanii (locative singular)
Wielka Brytanio (singular vocative)

Great Britain (an island and country in Western Europe)


Szwecja

Szwecja (nominative singular)
Szwecji (genitive singular)
Szwecji (dative singular)
Szwecję (accusative singular)
Szwecją (instrumental singular)
Szwecji (locative singular)
Szwecjo (singular vocative)


Szwajcaria

pl-prop

Szwajcaria f (related adjective szwajcarski)

szwajcarski (adjective)
Szwajcaria (nominative singular)
Szwajcarii (genitive singular)
Szwajcarii (dative singular)
Szwajcarię (accusative singular)
Szwajcarią (instrumental singular)
Szwajcarii (locative singular)
Szwajcario (singular vocative)

Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Grecja

Grecja (nominative singular)
Grecje (nominative plural)
Grecji (genitive singular)
Grecji (genitive plural)
Grecyj (archaic genitive plural)
Grecji (dative singular)
Grecjom (dative plural)
Grecję (accusative singular)
Grecje (accusative plural)
Grecją (instrumental singular)
Grecjami (instrumental plural)
Grecji (locative singular)
Grecjach (locative plural)
Grecjo (singular vocative)
Grecje (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Graecia, from Ancient Greek Γραικός (Graikós), of uncertain origin.

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


pens

pens (nominative singular)
pensy (nominative plural)
pensa (genitive singular)
pensów (genitive plural)
pensowi (dative singular)
pensom (dative plural)
pensa (accusative singular)
pensy (accusative plural)
pensem (instrumental singular)
pensami (instrumental plural)
pensie (locative singular)
pensach (locative plural)
pensie (singular vocative)
pensy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English pence. Doublet of pieniądz.

penny (one-hundredth of a pound sterling)


Hiszpania

Hiszpania f (related adjective hiszpański)

hiszpański (adjective)
Hiszpania (nominative singular)
Hiszpanii (genitive singular)
Hiszpanii (dative singular)
Hiszpanię (accusative singular)
Hiszpanią (instrumental singular)
Hiszpanii (locative singular)
Hiszpanio (singular vocative)

→ Ukrainian: Гишпа́нія (Hyšpánija)


Portugalia

Portugalia (nominative singular)
Portugalii (genitive singular)
Portugalii (dative singular)
Portugalię (accusative singular)
Portugalią (instrumental singular)
Portugalii (locative singular)
Portugalio (singular vocative)


Irlandia

Irlandia (nominative singular)
Irlandie (nominative plural)
Irlandii (genitive singular)
Irlandii (genitive plural)
Irlandii (dative singular)
Irlandiom (dative plural)
Irlandię (accusative singular)
Irlandie (accusative plural)
Irlandią (instrumental singular)
Irlandiami (instrumental plural)
Irlandii (locative singular)
Irlandiach (locative plural)
Irlandio (singular vocative)
Irlandie (plural vocative)


Holandia

Holandia (nominative singular)
Holandii (genitive singular)
Holandii (dative singular)
Holandię (accusative singular)
Holandią (instrumental singular)
Holandii (locative singular)
Holandio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Dutch Holland, from Old Dutch holt lant.

Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands#English

constituent countries
constituent country

Królestwo Niderlandów
Królestwo Niderlandów#English

(occasionally proscribed) Netherlands, Kingdom of the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe, consisting of four constituent countries: the Netherlands per se, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten; official name: Królestwo Niderlandów)

(occasionally proscribed) Netherlands (The main constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located primarily in Western Europe bordering Germany and Belgium)

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)


Norwegia

Norwegia (nominative singular)
Norwegii (genitive singular)
Norwegii (dative singular)
Norwegię (accusative singular)
Norwegią (instrumental singular)
Norwegii (locative singular)
Norwegio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Norwegia, Norvegia, from Old Norse Norvegr (“north way”), from norðr (“north”) + vegr (“way”).


Dania

Dania (nominative singular)
Danii (genitive singular)
Danii (dative singular)
Danię (accusative singular)
Danią (instrumental singular)
Danii (locative singular)
Danio (singular vocative)

→ Russian: Дания (Danija)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Dānia.


obszar

pl-noun

obszar m inan (related adjective obszarowy)

obszarowy (adjective)
obszar (nominative singular)
obszary (nominative plural)
obszaru (genitive singular)
obszarów (genitive plural)
obszarowi (dative singular)
obszarom (dative plural)
obszar (accusative singular)
obszary (accusative plural)
obszarem (instrumental singular)
obszarami (instrumental plural)
obszarze (locative singular)
obszarach (locative plural)
obszarze (singular vocative)
obszary (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: абшар (abšar)

→ Ukrainian: о́бшар (óbšar)

(topology) domain, region (non-empty connected open set in a topological space)


Luksemburg

Luksemburg (nominative singular)
Luksemburga (genitive singular)
Luksemburgowi (dative singular)
Luksemburg (accusative singular)
Luksemburgiem (instrumental singular)
Luksemburgu (locative singular)
Luksemburgu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Luxemburg, from Middle High German Luccelemburc, from Old High German Lucilinburhuc, from luzil + burg, from Proto-Germanic *lūtilaz + *burgz.

Luxembourg (a small country in Western Europe)

Luxembourg, Luxembourg City (the capital city of Luxembourg)

Luxembourg (One of the twelve cantons of the country of Luxembourg, which includes its capital city)

Luxembourg (a province of Wallonia, Belgium)


zapad

zapad (nominative singular)
zapady (nominative plural)
zapadu (genitive singular)
zapadów (genitive plural)
zapadowi (dative singular)
zapadom (dative plural)
zapad (accusative singular)
zapady (accusative plural)
zapadem (instrumental singular)
zapadami (instrumental plural)
zapadzie (locative singular)
zapadach (locative plural)
zapadzie (singular vocative)
zapady (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish zapad, from Proto-Slavic *zapadъ, from *zapadati. Cognates include Kashubian zôpôd, Slovak západ, Czech západ.

(dated) the process of falling, collapsing


Pearl Harbor

Unadapted borrowing from English Pearl Harbor, from Hawaiian Wai Momi.

ubor

Pearl Harbor (a harbour and naval base in Hawaii, United States)


Bułgaria

Bułgaria (nominative singular)
Bułgarie (nominative plural)
Bułgarii (genitive singular)
Bułgarii (genitive plural)
Bułgarii (dative singular)
Bułgariom (dative plural)
Bułgarię (accusative singular)
Bułgarie (accusative plural)
Bułgarią (instrumental singular)
Bułgariami (instrumental plural)
Bułgarii (locative singular)
Bułgariach (locative plural)
Bułgario (singular vocative)
Bułgarie (plural vocative)

Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe)


Rumunia

Rumunia (nominative singular)
Rumunii (genitive singular)
Rumunii (dative singular)
Rumunię (accusative singular)
Rumunią (instrumental singular)
Rumunii (locative singular)
Rumunio (singular vocative)


Magdeburg

Magdeburg (nominative singular)
Magdeburgu (genitive singular)
Magdeburgowi (dative singular)
Magdeburg (accusative singular)
Magdeburgiem (instrumental singular)
Magdeburgu (locative singular)
Magdeburgu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Magdeburg, from Middle Low German Māgedeborch, Mēgedeborch.

der

Magdeburg (the capital and largest city of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany)


Malaga

malagijski (adjective)
Malaga (nominative singular)
Malagi (genitive singular)
Maladze (dative singular)
Malagę (accusative singular)
Malagą (instrumental singular)
Maladze (locative singular)
Malago (singular vocative)


Będzin

Będzin (nominative singular)
Będzina (genitive singular)
Będzinowi (dative singular)
Będzin (accusative singular)
Będzinem (instrumental singular)
Będzinie (locative singular)
Będzinie (singular vocative)

Kazimierz Rymut
pl:Barbara Czopek-Kopciuch
pl:Nazwy miejscowe Polski

An alternative form of Będzeń, itself a variation of the name *Będzan, influenced by the toponym forming affix -in.

West Pomeranian Voivodeship
West Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

Gmina Twardogóra
Gmina Twardogóra#English

Pojezierze Myśliborskie
Pojezierze Myśliborskie#English

Będzin (a village in Gmina Lipiany, Pyrzyce, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)

Będzin (a village in Gmina Twardogóra, Oleśnica, Lower Silesian, Poland)

Będzin (a lake in Pojezierze Myśliborskie district, Poland)


Pretoria

pl-prop

Pretoria f (related adjective pretoryjski)

pretoryjski (adjective)
Pretoria (nominative singular)
Pretorii (genitive singular)
Pretorii (dative singular)
Pretorię (accusative singular)
Pretorią (instrumental singular)
Pretorii (locative singular)
Pretorio (singular vocative)

Pretoria (a city, the administrative capital of South Africa)


Oberon

Oberon (nominative singular)
Oberoni (nominative plural)
Oberony (derogatory nominative plural)
Oberona (genitive singular)
Oberonów (genitive plural)
Oberonowi (dative singular)
Oberonom (dative plural)
Oberona (accusative singular)
Oberonów (accusative plural)
Oberonem (instrumental singular)
Oberonami (instrumental plural)
Oberonie (locative singular)
Oberonach (locative plural)
Oberonie (singular vocative)
Oberoni (plural vocative)

(astronomy) Oberon (outermost major moon of Uranus)


Breda

bredzki (adjective)
Breda (nominative singular)
Bredy (genitive singular)
Bredzie (dative singular)
Bredę (accusative singular)
Bredą (instrumental singular)
Bredzie (locative singular)
Bredo (singular vocative)

Breda (a city and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Castries

Castries (the capital city of Saint Lucia)


Apia

apijski (adjective)
Apia (nominative singular)
Apii (genitive singular)
Apii (dative singular)
Apię (accusative singular)
Apią (instrumental singular)
Apii (locative singular)
Apio (singular vocative)

Apia (the capital and largest city of Samoa)


Basseterre

Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Kitts and Nevis#English

Basseterre (the capital city of Saint Kitts and Nevis)


Morze Bałtyckie

Morze Bałtyckie (nominative singular)
Morza Bałtyckiego (genitive singular)
Morzu Bałtyckiemu (dative singular)
Morze Bałtyckie (accusative singular)
Morzem Bałtyckim (instrumental singular)
Morzu Bałtyckim (locative singular)
Morze Bałtyckie (singular vocative)


Juda

Juda (nominative singular)
Judy (genitive singular)
Judzie (dative singular)
Judę (accusative singular)
Judą (instrumental singular)
Judzie (locative singular)
Judo (singular vocative)

a male given name from Biblical Hebrew, equivalent to English Judah, Yehuda


Kingstown

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

Kingstown (the capital city of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)


atol

atol (nominative singular)
atole (nominative plural)
atolu (genitive singular)
atoli (genitive plural)
atolów (genitive plural)
atolowi (dative singular)
atolom (dative plural)
atol (accusative singular)
atole (accusative plural)
atolem (instrumental singular)
atolami (instrumental plural)
atolu (locative singular)
atolach (locative plural)
atolu (singular vocative)
atole (plural vocative)

atoll (type of island consisting of a ribbon reef that nearly or entirely surrounds a lagoon and supports, in most cases, one to many islets on the reef platform)


Dagestan

Dagestan (nominative singular)
Dagestanu (genitive singular)
Dagestanowi (dative singular)
Dagestan (accusative singular)
Dagestanem (instrumental singular)
Dagestanie (locative singular)
Dagestanie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Дагеста́н (Dagestán).

bor+

Dagestan (a republic of Russia, located in the Caucasus region)


Sparta

spartański (adjective)
Sparta (nominative singular)
Sparty (genitive singular)
Sparcie (dative singular)
Spartę (accusative singular)
Spartą (instrumental singular)
Sparcie (locative singular)
Sparto (singular vocative)

Sparta (an ancient city-state and archaeological site in modern Greece)

Sparta (a city in Laconia, Peloponnese, Greece)


basen

basenik (diminutive)
basen (nominative singular)
baseny (nominative plural)
basenu (genitive singular)
basenów (genitive plural)
basenowi (dative singular)
basenom (dative plural)
basen (accusative singular)
baseny (accusative plural)
basenem (instrumental singular)
basenami (instrumental plural)
basenie (locative singular)
basenach (locative plural)
basenie (singular vocative)
baseny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French bassin, from Old French bacin, from Vulgar Latin *baccinus, *baccinum, probably from Gaulish.


plac

pl-noun

plac m inan (diminutive placyk, related adjective placowy)

placyk (diminutive)
placowy (adjective)
plac (nominative singular)
place (nominative plural)
placu (genitive singular)
placów (genitive plural)
placowi (dative singular)
placom (dative plural)
plac (accusative singular)
place (accusative plural)
placem (instrumental singular)
placami (instrumental plural)
placu (locative singular)
placach (locative plural)
placu (singular vocative)
place (plural vocative)

→ Russian: плац (plac)

→ Ukrainian: плац (plac), пляц (pljac)

Borrowed from German Platz, from Middle High German plaz, from Old French place, from Latin platēa, from Ancient Greek πλατεῖα (plateîa), shortening of πλατεῖα ὁδός (plateîa hodós, “broad way”).

(countable) square (open space in a town)


morze

morski (adjective)
morze (nominative singular)
morza (nominative plural)
morza (genitive singular)
mórz (genitive plural)
morzu (dative singular)
morzom (dative plural)
morze (accusative singular)
morza (accusative plural)
morzem (instrumental singular)
morzami (instrumental plural)
morzu (locative singular)
morzach (locative plural)
morze (singular vocative)
morza (plural vocative)


Stoczek Łukowski

Stoczek Łukowski
Stoczek Łukowski#English

Stoczek Łukowski (a town in Łuków County, Lublin Voivodeship, Poland, on the Świder river)


Praga

praski (adjective)
Praga (nominative singular)
Pragi (genitive singular)
Pradze (dative singular)
Pragę (accusative singular)
Pragą (instrumental singular)
Pradze (locative singular)
Prago (singular vocative)

Prague (the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic)


Praga

Meronyms: Praga-Południe, Praga-Północ

(historical) Praga (former city in Poland, until 1791, on the right bank of the Vistula, opposite Warsaw)

Praga (a neighborhood of Białobrzegi, Poland)

Praga (a neighborhood of Krzepice, Poland)

Praga (a neighborhood of Sieradz, Poland)

Praga (a neighborhood of Szydłowiec, Poland)

Praga (a neighborhood of Zwoleń, Poland)

Łódź Voivodeship
Łódź Voivodeship#English

Praga (a village in the Gmina of Dmosin, Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)

Praga (a village in the Gmina of Poddębice, Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)


Naypyidaw

Borrowed from English Naypyidaw, from Burmese နေပြည်တော် (ne-pranytau).


Uppsala

Uppsala (nominative singular)
Uppsali (genitive singular)
Uppsali (dative singular)
Uppsalę (accusative singular)
Uppsalą (instrumental singular)
Uppsali (locative singular)
Uppsalo (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Swedish Uppsala, from Old Norse Uppsalir.


scena

pl-noun

scena f (diminutive scenka, related adjective scenowy)

scenka (diminutive)
scenowy (adjective)
scena (nominative singular)
sceny (nominative plural)
sceny (genitive singular)
scen (genitive plural)
scenie (dative singular)
scenom (dative plural)
scenę (accusative singular)
sceny (accusative plural)
sceną (instrumental singular)
scenami (instrumental plural)
scenie (locative singular)
scenach (locative plural)
sceno (singular vocative)
sceny (plural vocative)

(theater) stage, platform (surface, generally elevated, upon which show performances or other public events are given)

scene (location of an event that attracts attention)

picture, scene (view or scene from life observed by someone or shown on television, in theater, etc.)


bazar

bazar m inan (diminutive bazarek, related adjective bazarowy)

bazarek (diminutive)
bazarowy (adjective)
bazar (nominative singular)
bazary (nominative plural)
bazaru (genitive singular)
bazarów (genitive plural)
bazarowi (dative singular)
bazarom (dative plural)
bazar (accusative singular)
bazary (accusative plural)
bazarem (instrumental singular)
bazarami (instrumental plural)
bazarze (locative singular)
bazarach (locative plural)
bazarze (singular vocative)
bazary (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: bazôr

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wes-der.
Proto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.
Middle Persian wʾčʾl
Classical Persian بازارbor.
Ottoman Turkish بازارbor.
Old Polish bazar
Polish bazar
Inherited from Old Polish bazar.

etymon

trade (act of buying and selling at a bazaar)

(obsolete) transport; delivery (act of transporting goods for trade)


Lena

Lena (nominative singular)
Leny (nominative plural)
Leny (genitive singular)
Len (genitive plural)
Lenie (dative singular)
Lenom (dative plural)
Lenę (accusative singular)
Leny (accusative plural)
Leną (instrumental singular)
Lenami (instrumental plural)
Lenie (locative singular)
Lenach (locative plural)
Leno (singular vocative)
Leny (plural vocative)


Jordania

Jordania (nominative singular)
Jordanii (genitive singular)
Jordanii (dative singular)
Jordanię (accusative singular)
Jordanią (instrumental singular)
Jordanii (locative singular)
Jordanio (singular vocative)

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Kalifornia

Kalifornia (nominative singular)
Kalifornii (genitive singular)
Kalifornii (dative singular)
Kalifornię (accusative singular)
Kalifornią (instrumental singular)
Kalifornii (locative singular)
Kalifornio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English California, from Spanish California.

California (a state of the United States)


Kuopio

Unadapted borrowing from Finnish Kuopio.

Northern Savonia
Northern Savonia#English

Kuopio (a city and municipality of Northern Savonia, Finland)


Graz

Graz (nominative singular)
Grazu (genitive singular)
Grazowi (dative singular)
Graz (accusative singular)
Grazem (instrumental singular)
Grazu (locative singular)
Grazu (singular vocative)

Graz (a city, the state capital of Styria, Austria)


Genua

Genua (nominative singular)
Genui (genitive singular)
Genui (dative singular)
Genuę (accusative singular)
Genuą (instrumental singular)
Genui (locative singular)
Genuo (singular vocative)

Genoa (the capital city of Liguria, Italy)

Genoa (a metropolitan city of Liguria, Italy)


nunatak

nunatak (nominative singular)
nunataki (nominative plural)
nunataka (genitive singular)
nunataku (genitive singular)
nunataków (genitive plural)
nunatakowi (dative singular)
nunatakom (dative plural)
nunatak (accusative singular)
nunataki (accusative plural)
nunatakiem (instrumental singular)
nunatakami (instrumental plural)
nunataku (locative singular)
nunatakach (locative plural)
nunataku (singular vocative)
nunataki (plural vocative)


Bornholm

Bornholm (nominative singular)
Bornholmu (genitive singular)
Bornholmowi (dative singular)
Bornholm (accusative singular)
Bornholmem (instrumental singular)
Bornholmie (locative singular)
Bornholmie (singular vocative)

Bornholm (an island and municipality of Denmark, in the Baltic Sea)


Belgrad

Belgrad (nominative singular)
Belgradu (genitive singular)
Belgradowi (dative singular)
Belgrad (accusative singular)
Belgradem (instrumental singular)
Belgradzie (locative singular)
Belgradzie (singular vocative)

Belgrade (the capital and largest city of Serbia)


metropolia

metropolia (nominative singular)
metropolie (nominative plural)
metropolii (genitive singular)
metropolii (genitive plural)
metropolij (archaic genitive plural)
metropolii (dative singular)
metropoliom (dative plural)
metropolię (accusative singular)
metropolie (accusative plural)
metropolią (instrumental singular)
metropoliami (instrumental plural)
metropolii (locative singular)
metropoliach (locative plural)
metropolio (singular vocative)
metropolie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin mētropolis, from Ancient Greek μητρόπολις (mētrópolis).

lbor

(Ancient Greece, historical) metropolis (colony's mother city)

(Roman Catholicism) metropolis (jurisdiction of an archbishop)


Ibiza

Ibiza (nominative singular)
Ibizy (genitive singular)
Ibizie (dative singular)
Ibizę (accusative singular)
Ibizą (instrumental singular)
Ibizie (locative singular)
Ibizo (singular vocative)

Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands#English

Mediterranean Sea
Mediterranean Sea#English

Ibiza (island in the Balearic Islands of Spain, in the Mediterranean Sea)

Ibiza (a city in the Balearic Islands, Balearic Islands, Spain)


Dniepr

pl-prop

Dniepr m inan (related adjective dnieprowski or dnieprzański)

dnieprowski (adjective)
dnieprzański (adjective)
Dniepr (nominative singular)
Dniepru (genitive singular)
Dnieprowi (dative singular)
Dniepr (accusative singular)
Dnieprem (instrumental singular)
Dnieprze (locative singular)
Dnieprze (singular vocative)

Dnipro (a city, administrative centre, and raion of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine)

Dnieper (a river in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine)


Weimar

Weimar m inan (related adjective weimarski)

weimarski (adjective)
Weimar (nominative singular)
Weimaru (genitive singular)
Weimarowi (dative singular)
Weimar (accusative singular)
Weimarem (instrumental singular)
Weimarze (locative singular)
Weimarze (singular vocative)


funt

funt (nominative singular)
funty (nominative plural)
funta (genitive singular)
funtów (genitive plural)
funtowi (dative singular)
funtom (dative plural)
funta (accusative singular)
funty (accusative plural)
funtem (instrumental singular)
funtami (instrumental plural)
funcie (locative singular)
funtach (locative plural)
funcie (singular vocative)
funty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle High German phunt, from Old High German pfunt, phunt, from Proto-Germanic *pundą, from Latin pondō or pondus.

pound (currency of the United Kingdom, including its 9 territories: British Antarctic Territory; British Indian Ocean Territory; Falkland Islands; Gibraltar; Guernsey; Isle of Man; Jersey; Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha; South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands)


jezioro

pl-noun

jezioro n (diminutive jeziorko, augmentative jeziorzysko)

jeziorko (diminutive)
jeziorzysko (augmentative)
jezioro (nominative singular)
jeziora (nominative plural)
jeziora (genitive singular)
jezior (genitive plural)
jezioru (dative singular)
jeziorom (dative plural)
jezioro (accusative singular)
jeziora (accusative plural)
jeziorem (instrumental singular)
jeziorami (instrumental plural)
jeziorze (locative singular)
jeziorach (locative plural)
jezioro (singular vocative)
jeziora (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish jeziero, from Proto-Slavic *ezero, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *éźera.


Chiny

pl-prop

Chiny nvir pl (related adjective chiński)

chiński (adjective)
Chiny (nominative plural)
Chin (genitive plural)
Chinom (dative plural)
Chiny (accusative plural)
Chinami (instrumental plural)
Chinach (locative plural)
Chiny (plural vocative)

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

China, People's Republic of China (a country in East Asia)


zoolog

zoolog (nominative singular)
zoologi (nominative plural)
zoologa (genitive singular)
zoologu (genitive singular)
zoologów (genitive plural)
zoologowi (dative singular)
zoologom (dative plural)
zoolog (accusative singular)
zoologi (accusative plural)
zoologiem (instrumental singular)
zoologami (instrumental plural)
zoologu (locative singular)
zoologach (locative plural)
zoologu (singular vocative)
zoologi (plural vocative)

(archaic, zoology) nature preserve, zoo, zoological garden, zoological park


Izrael

Izrael (nominative singular)
Izraela (genitive singular)
Izraelowi (dative singular)
Izrael (accusative singular)
Izraelem (instrumental singular)
Izraelu (locative singular)
Izraelu (singular vocative)

Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)


stok

stoczek (diminutive)
stok (nominative singular)
stoki (nominative plural)
stoku (genitive singular)
stoków (genitive plural)
stokowi (dative singular)
stokom (dative plural)
stok (accusative singular)
stoki (accusative plural)
stokiem (instrumental singular)
stokami (instrumental plural)
stoku (locative singular)
stokach (locative plural)
stoku (singular vocative)
stoki (plural vocative)

slope (area of ground that tends evenly upward or downward)


barchan

pl-noun

barchan m inan (related adjective barchanowy)

barchanowy (adjective)
barchan (nominative singular)
barchany (nominative plural)
barchanu (genitive singular)
barchanów (genitive plural)
barchanowi (dative singular)
barchanom (dative plural)
barchan (accusative singular)
barchany (accusative plural)
barchanem (instrumental singular)
barchanami (instrumental plural)
barchanie (locative singular)
barchanach (locative plural)
barchanie (singular vocative)
barchany (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: barchón


Karel

Karel m pers (female equivalent Karelka)

Karelka (feminine)
Karel (nominative singular)
Karelowie (nominative plural)
Karela (genitive singular)
Karelów (genitive plural)
Karelowi (dative singular)
Karelom (dative plural)
Karela (accusative singular)
Karelów (accusative plural)
Karelem (instrumental singular)
Karelami (instrumental plural)
Karelu (locative singular)
Karelach (locative plural)
Karelu (singular vocative)
Karelowie (plural vocative)


São Tomé

São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe#English

São Tomé (the capital city of São Tomé and Príncipe)


Osaka

osakijski (adjective)
Osaka (nominative singular)
Osaki (genitive singular)
Osace (dative singular)
Osakę (accusative singular)
Osaką (instrumental singular)
Osace (locative singular)
Osako (singular vocative)

Osaka (the capital and largest city of Osaka Prefecture, Japan)


Pjongjang

Pjongjang (nominative singular)
Pjongjangu (genitive singular)
Pjongjangowi (dative singular)
Pjongjang (accusative singular)
Pjongjangiem (instrumental singular)
Pjongjangu (locative singular)
Pjongjangu (singular vocative)

Pyongyang (the capital city of North Korea)


Aleksandria

pl-prop

Aleksandria m inan (related adjective aleksandryjski)

Aleksandria (a village in the Gmina of Ozorków, Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)

Masovian Voivodeship
Masovian Voivodeship#English

Aleksandria (a village in the Gmina of Nowe Miasto, Płońsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland)

Puszcza Mariańska
Puszcza Mariańska#English

Aleksandria (a village in the Gmina of Puszcza Mariańska, Żyrardów County, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland)

Silesian Voivodeship
Silesian Voivodeship#English

Aleksandria (a village in the Gmina of Konopiska, Częstochowa County, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland)

Greater Poland Voivodeship
Greater Poland Voivodeship#English

Aleksandria (a village in the Gmina of Brzeziny, Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Aleksandria

Aleksandria f (related adjective aleksandryjski)

Learned borrowing from Latin Alexandrīa.

Alexandria (the capital city of Alexandria governorate, Egypt)


Aleksandria

aleksandryjski (adjective)
Aleksandria (nominative singular)
Aleksandrii (genitive singular)
Aleksandrii (dative singular)
Aleksandrię (accusative singular)
Aleksandrią (instrumental singular)
Aleksandrii (locative singular)
Aleksandrio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ukrainian Олександрі́я (Oleksandríja).

bor+

Олександрі́я

Oleksandriia (a city, administrative centre, and raion of Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine)


Madera

Madera (nominative singular)
Madery (genitive singular)
Maderze (dative singular)
Maderę (accusative singular)
Maderą (instrumental singular)
Maderze (locative singular)
Madero (singular vocative)


Gilead

Gilead (nominative singular)
Gileadu (genitive singular)
Gileadowi (dative singular)
Gilead (accusative singular)
Gileadem (instrumental singular)
Gileadzie (locative singular)
Gileadzie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew גִּלְעָד (gil'ád).

(biblical) Gilead (a region east of the Jordan river in Israel)


Ina

Ina (nominative singular)
Iny (genitive singular)
Inie (dative singular)
Inę (accusative singular)
Iną (instrumental singular)
Inie (locative singular)
Ino (singular vocative)


Lola

Lola (nominative singular)
Loli (genitive singular)
Loli (dative singular)
Lolę (accusative singular)
Lolą (instrumental singular)
Loli (locative singular)
Lolu (singular vocative)

Lola (a town in Lola prefecture, Guinea)


Curaçao

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch Curaçao, from Portuguese curação.


Turek

pl-prop

Turek m inan (related adjective turecki or turkowski)

turecki (adjective)
turkowski (adjective)
Turek (nominative singular)
Turka (genitive singular)
Turkowi (dative singular)
Turek (accusative singular)
Turkiem (instrumental singular)
Turku (locative singular)
Turku (singular vocative)

Turek (a town in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)

Turek (a village in the Gmina of Jakubów, Mińsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland)

Podlaskie Voivodeship
Podlaskie Voivodeship#English

Turek (a village in the Gmina of Poświętne, Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland)

Środa Wielkopolska
Środa Wielkopolska#English

Turek (a village in the Gmina of Środa Wielkopolska, Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Dione

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Διώνη (Diṓnē).

lbor

(astronomy) Dione (moon in Jupiter system, Solar System; The fourth largest moon of Saturn)


plaża

plaża (nominative singular)
plaże (nominative plural)
plaży (genitive singular)
plaż (genitive plural)
plaży (dative singular)
plażom (dative plural)
plażę (accusative singular)
plaże (accusative plural)
plażą (instrumental singular)
plażami (instrumental plural)
plaży (locative singular)
plażach (locative plural)
plażo (singular vocative)
plaże (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French plage, from Latin plaga.


Kreta

Kreta (nominative singular)
Krety (genitive singular)
Krecie (dative singular)
Kretę (accusative singular)
Kretą (instrumental singular)
Krecie (locative singular)
Kreto (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Crēta, from Ancient Greek Κρήτη (Krḗtē). Doublet of kreda.

Crete (Greek island in the Mediterranean Sea)


Augsburg

Augsburg (nominative singular)
Augsburga (genitive singular)
Augsburgowi (dative singular)
Augsburg (accusative singular)
Augsburgiem (instrumental singular)
Augsburgu (locative singular)
Augsburgu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Augsburg, from Latin Augusta Vindelicōrum.

Augsburg (an independent city, the administrative seat of Swabia, Bavaria, Germany)


Katalonia

Katalonia (nominative singular)
Katalonii (genitive singular)
Katalonii (dative singular)
Katalonię (accusative singular)
Katalonią (instrumental singular)
Katalonii (locative singular)
Katalonio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Catalan Catalunya, from Medieval Latin Cathalaunia.

autonomous community
autonomous community

Catalonia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Magdalena

Magdalena (nominative singular)
Magdaleny (genitive singular)
Magdalenie (dative singular)
Magdalenę (accusative singular)
Magdaleną (instrumental singular)
Magdalenie (locative singular)
Magdaleno (singular vocative)


Las Vegas

Borrowed from English Las Vegas, from Spanish las vegas.

Las Vegas (a city in Nevada, United States)


Mekka

Mekka (nominative singular)
Mekki (genitive singular)
Mekce (dative singular)
Mekkę (accusative singular)
Mekką (instrumental singular)
Mekce (locative singular)
Mekko (singular vocative)

(Islam) Mecca (a large city in the Hejaz, Saudi Arabia, the holiest place in Islam)


Amazonka

Amazonka (nominative singular)
Amazonki (genitive singular)
Amazonce (dative singular)
Amazonkę (accusative singular)
Amazonką (instrumental singular)
Amazonce (locative singular)
Amazonko (singular vocative)

Amazon (a river in Brazil, Colombia and Peru)


Korona

Korona (nominative singular)
Korony (genitive singular)
Koronie (dative singular)
Koronę (accusative singular)
Koroną (instrumental singular)
Koronie (locative singular)
Korono (singular vocative)

Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
Crown of the Kingdom of Poland#English

(by ellipsis, colloquial, historical) Crown of the Kingdom of Poland (a former country in Europe, political and legal idea formed in the Poland in the 14th century, assuming unity, indivisibility and continuity of the state)


anglofob

anglofob (nominative singular)
anglofobi (nominative plural)
anglofobowie (nominative plural)
anglofoba (genitive singular)
anglofobów (genitive plural)
anglofobowi (dative singular)
anglofobom (dative plural)
anglofoba (accusative singular)
anglofobów (accusative plural)
anglofobem (instrumental singular)
anglofobami (instrumental plural)
anglofobie (locative singular)
anglofobach (locative plural)
anglofobie (singular vocative)
anglofobi (plural vocative)
anglofobowie (plural vocative)


anglofil

anglofil (nominative singular)
anglofile (nominative plural)
anglofila (genitive singular)
anglofili (genitive plural)
anglofilowi (dative singular)
anglofilom (dative plural)
anglofila (accusative singular)
anglofili (accusative plural)
anglofilem (instrumental singular)
anglofilami (instrumental plural)
anglofilu (locative singular)
anglofilach (locative plural)
anglofilu (singular vocative)
anglofile (plural vocative)


Mjanma

Mjanma (nominative singular)
Mjanmy (genitive singular)
Mjanmie (dative singular)
Mjanmę (accusative singular)
Mjanmą (instrumental singular)
Mjanmie (locative singular)
Mjanmo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Burmese မြန်မာ (mranma, “Myanmar”).


Cejlon

Cejlon (nominative singular)
Cejlonu (genitive singular)
Cejlonowi (dative singular)
Cejlon (accusative singular)
Cejlonem (instrumental singular)
Cejlonie (locative singular)
Cejlonie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Portuguese Ceilão, from Ancient Greek Σελεδίβα (Seledíba), from Pali sīhaḷadīva, sīeḷedīva, or from Sanskrit सिंहल (siṃhala).


Mozambik

pl-proper noun

Mozambik m inan (related adjective mozambicki)

mozambicki (adjective)
Mozambik (nominative singular)
Mozambika (genitive singular)
Mozambikowi (dative singular)
Mozambik (accusative singular)
Mozambikiem (instrumental singular)
Mozambiku (locative singular)
Mozambiku (singular vocative)

Mozambique (a country in East Africa and Southern Africa)


Ho Chi Minh

Ho Chi Minh (nominative singular)
Ho Chi Minhu (genitive singular)
Ho Chi Minhowi (dative singular)
Ho Chi Minh (accusative singular)
Ho Chi Minhem (instrumental singular)
Ho Chi Minhie (locative singular)
Ho Chi Minhie (singular vocative)


Gouda

Gouda (nominative singular)
Goudy (genitive singular)
Goudzie (dative singular)
Goudę (accusative singular)
Goudą (instrumental singular)
Goudzie (locative singular)
Goudo (singular vocative)

Gouda (a city in South Holland, Netherlands)


Saara

saarski (adjective)
Saara (nominative singular)
Saary (genitive singular)
Saarze (dative singular)
Saarę (accusative singular)
Saarą (instrumental singular)
Saarze (locative singular)
Saaro (singular vocative)

Saar (a Moselle, flowing through France and Germany)

Badenia-Wirtembergia · Bawaria · Brandenburgia · Hesja · Dolna Saksonia · Meklemburgia-Pomorze Przednie · Nadrenia Północna-Westfalia · Nadrenia-Palatynat · Saara · Saksonia · Saksonia-Anhalt · Szlezwik-Holsztyn · Turyngia


Bangladesz

pl-prop

Bangladesz m inan (related adjective bangladeski or banglijski)

bangladeski (adjective)
banglijski (adjective)
Bangladesz (nominative singular)
Bangladeszu (genitive singular)
Bangladeszowi (dative singular)
Bangladesz (accusative singular)
Bangladeszem (instrumental singular)
Bangladeszu (locative singular)
Bangladeszu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Bengali বাংলাদেশ (baṅladeś).


Czad

pl-prop

Czad m inan (related adjective czadyjski or czadzki)

czadyjski (adjective)
czadzki (adjective)
Czad (nominative singular)
Czadu (genitive singular)
Czadowi (dative singular)
Czad (accusative singular)
Czadem (instrumental singular)
Czadzie (locative singular)
Czadzie (singular vocative)


Wietnam

Wietnam (nominative singular)
Wietnamu (genitive singular)
Wietnamowi (dative singular)
Wietnam (accusative singular)
Wietnamem (instrumental singular)
Wietnamie (locative singular)
Wietnamie (singular vocative)


Kuwejt

Kuwejt (nominative singular)
Kuwejtu (genitive singular)
Kuwejtowi (dative singular)
Kuwejt (accusative singular)
Kuwejtem (instrumental singular)
Kuwejcie (locative singular)
Kuwejcie (singular vocative)

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)

Kuwait City (the capital city of Kuwait)


Indie

Indie (nominative plural)
Indii (genitive plural)
Indyj (archaic genitive plural)
Indiom (dative plural)
Indie (accusative plural)
Indiami (instrumental plural)
Indiach (locative plural)
Indie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin India, from Ancient Greek Ἰνδία (Indía), from Ἰνδός (Indós), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢 (hiⁿdu-), from Sanskrit सिन्धु (síndhu), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *síndʰuṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *síndʰuš.


Jamajka

Jamajka (nominative singular)
Jamajki (genitive singular)
Jamajce (dative singular)
Jamajkę (accusative singular)
Jamajką (instrumental singular)
Jamajce (locative singular)
Jamajko (singular vocative)

Jamaica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Meksyk

Meksyk (nominative singular)
Meksyku (genitive singular)
Meksykowi (dative singular)
Meksyk (accusative singular)
Meksykiem (instrumental singular)
Meksyku (locative singular)
Meksyku (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish México, from Classical Nahuatl Mēxihco, a place-name referring to the Mēxihcah (Mexica/Aztecs).

Mexico City (the capital city of Mexico)


źródło

pl-noun

źródło n (diminutive źródełko, related adjective źródłowy)

źródełko (diminutive)
źródłowy (adjective)
źródło (nominative singular)
źródła (nominative plural)
źródła (genitive singular)
źródeł (genitive plural)
źródłu (dative singular)
źródłom (dative plural)
źródło (accusative singular)
źródła (accusative plural)
źródłem (instrumental singular)
źródłami (instrumental plural)
źródle (locative singular)
źródłach (locative plural)
źródło (singular vocative)
źródła (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish źródło. By surface analysis, żreć + -dło.

source (that from which something originates)


Timor Wschodni

Timor Wschodni (nominative singular)
Timoru Wschodniego (genitive singular)
Timorowi Wschodniemu (dative singular)
Timor Wschodni (accusative singular)
Timorem Wschodnim (instrumental singular)
Timorze Wschodnim (locative singular)
Timorze Wschodni (singular vocative)

East Timor (a country in Southeast Asia occupying half the island of Timor)


Kostaryka

Kostaryka (nominative singular)
Kostaryki (genitive singular)
Kostaryce (dative singular)
Kostarykę (accusative singular)
Kostaryką (instrumental singular)
Kostaryce (locative singular)
Kostaryko (singular vocative)

Costa Rica (a country in Central America)


teren

teren m inan (related adjective terenowy)

terenowy (adjective)
teren (nominative singular)
tereny (nominative plural)
terenu (genitive singular)
terenów (genitive plural)
terenowi (dative singular)
terenom (dative plural)
teren (accusative singular)
tereny (accusative plural)
terenem (instrumental singular)
terenami (instrumental plural)
terenie (locative singular)
terenach (locative plural)
terenie (singular vocative)
tereny (plural vocative)

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from French terrain or English terrain, ultimately from Latin terrēnum. First attested in the 19th century.

ref

J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “teren”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 48

teren in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

+obj

do (+ genitive) pod (+ accusative) ‘for what’

(countable) terrain, land, turf (area of land surface together with a specific shape, vegetation and natural resources, constituting a certain whole) [with do (+ genitive) or pod (+ accusative) ‘for what’]


stolica

stołeczny (adjective)
stolica (nominative singular)
stolice (nominative plural)
stolicy (genitive singular)
stolic (genitive plural)
stolicy (dative singular)
stolicom (dative plural)
stolicę (accusative singular)
stolice (accusative plural)
stolicą (instrumental singular)
stolicami (instrumental plural)
stolicy (locative singular)
stolicach (locative plural)
stolico (singular vocative)
stolice (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish stolica. Sense 1 is from sense 4 with a shift of seat for a leader -> place of authority.

capital, capital city (city designated as a legislative seat by the government or some other authority for a nation)

capital, capital city (main city of a region)

(obsolete) scaffold (platform for executions)


Disneyland

Disneyland (nominative singular)
Disneylandy (nominative plural)
Disneylandu (genitive singular)
Disneylandów (genitive plural)
Disneylandowi (dative singular)
Disneylandom (dative plural)
Disneyland (accusative singular)
Disneylandy (accusative plural)
Disneylandem (instrumental singular)
Disneylandami (instrumental plural)
Disneylandzie (locative singular)
Disneylandach (locative plural)
Disneylandzie (singular vocative)
Disneylandy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Disneyland.

ubor

Disneyland (archetypical theme park, located in Anaheim, California; other Disneyland theme parks exist in other cities such as Chessy (Seine-et-Marne, France), Tokyo, Shanghai, and Hong Kong)


Małopolska

Małopolska (nominative singular)
Małopolski (genitive singular)
Małopolsce (dative singular)
Małopolskę (accusative singular)
Małopolską (instrumental singular)
Małopolsce (locative singular)
Małopolsko (singular vocative)

(historical) Lesser Poland (a historical region in Poland)

Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Lesser Poland Voivodeship#English

Lesser Poland, Lesser Poland Voivodeship (a voivodeship of Poland)


Odra

Odra (nominative singular)
Odry (genitive singular)
Odrze (dative singular)
Odrę (accusative singular)
Odrą (instrumental singular)
Odrze (locative singular)
Odro (singular vocative)

Oder (a river in the Czech Republic, Poland and Germany)


Dunaj

pl-prop

Dunaj m inan (related adjective dunajski)

dunajski (adjective)
Dunaj (nominative singular)
Dunaju (genitive singular)
Dunajowi (dative singular)
Dunaj (accusative singular)
Dunajem (instrumental singular)
Dunaju (locative singular)
Dunaju (singular vocative)

Danube (a river in Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Germany, Hungary, Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia and Ukraine)

Dunaj (a village in the Gmina of Piątek, Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)

Dunaj (a village in the Gmina of Stupsk, Mława County, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland)

Dunaj (a village in the Gmina of Czarnia, Ostrołęka County, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland)


Muntenia

Muntenia (a historical region in Romania)


Liberec

Liberec (nominative singular)
Liberca (genitive singular)
Libercowi (dative singular)
Liberec (accusative singular)
Libercem (instrumental singular)
Libercu (locative singular)
Libercu (singular vocative)


Anglik

pl-noun

Anglik m pers (female equivalent Angielka)

Angielka (feminine)
Anglik (nominative singular)
Anglicy (nominative plural)
Angliki (derogatory nominative plural)
Anglika (genitive singular)
Anglików (genitive plural)
Anglikowi (dative singular)
Anglikom (dative plural)
Anglika (accusative singular)
Anglików (accusative plural)
Anglikiem (instrumental singular)
Anglikami (instrumental plural)
Angliku (locative singular)
Anglikach (locative plural)
Angliku (singular vocative)
Anglicy (plural vocative)


jama

jama (nominative singular)
jamy (nominative plural)
jamy (genitive singular)
jam (genitive plural)
jamie (dative singular)
jamom (dative plural)
jamę (accusative singular)
jamy (accusative plural)
jamą (instrumental singular)
jamami (instrumental plural)
jamie (locative singular)
jamach (locative plural)
jamo (singular vocative)
jamy (plural vocative)


kopalnia

kopalnia f (related adjective kopalniany)

kopalniany (adjective)
kopalnia (nominative singular)
kopalnie (nominative plural)
kopalni (genitive singular)
kopalń (genitive plural)
kopalni (genitive plural)
kopalni (dative singular)
kopalniom (dative plural)
kopalnię (accusative singular)
kopalnie (accusative plural)
kopalnią (instrumental singular)
kopalniami (instrumental plural)
kopalni (locative singular)
kopalniach (locative plural)
kopalnio (singular vocative)
kopalnie (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: kòpalniô (calque)

→ Silesian: kopalnia

Calque of Latin fodīna. By surface analysis, kopać + -alnia. First attested in 1782. Displaced góra.

ref

Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “kopalnia”, in Słownik języka polskiego

mine (excavation from which ore or solid minerals are taken, especially one consisting of underground tunnels)


Ameryka Południowa

Ameryka Południowa (nominative singular)
Ameryki Południowej (genitive singular)
Ameryce Południowej (dative singular)
Amerykę Południową (accusative singular)
Ameryką Południową (instrumental singular)
Ameryce Południowej (locative singular)
Ameryko Południowa (singular vocative)


Afryka

Afryka (nominative singular)
Afryki (genitive singular)
Afryce (dative singular)
Afrykę (accusative singular)
Afryką (instrumental singular)
Afryce (locative singular)
Afryko (singular vocative)


Bahamy

pl-prop

Bahamy nvir pl (related adjective bahamski)

bahamski (adjective)
Bahamy (nominative plural)
Bahamów (genitive plural)
Bahamom (dative plural)
Bahamy (accusative plural)
Bahamami (instrumental plural)
Bahamach (locative plural)
Bahamy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English Bahamas.

Bahamas (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)


Komory

pl-proper noun

Komory m inan (related adjective komoryjski)

komoryjski (adjective)
Komory (nominative singular)
Komorów (genitive singular)
Komorom (dative singular)
Komory (accusative singular)
Komorami (instrumental singular)
Komorach (locative singular)
Komory (singular vocative)

Union of the Comoros
Union of the Comoros

Comoros (A country and group of islands in the Indian Ocean off the coast of East Africa)

Comoros (an archipelago consisting of the Union of the Comoros and the French overseas department of Mayotte)


Bahrajn

Bahrajn (nominative singular)
Bahrajny (nominative plural)
Bahrajnu (genitive singular)
Bahrajnów (genitive plural)
Bahrajnowi (dative singular)
Bahrajnom (dative plural)
Bahrajn (accusative singular)
Bahrajny (accusative plural)
Bahrajnem (instrumental singular)
Bahrajnami (instrumental plural)
Bahrajnie (locative singular)
Bahrajnach (locative plural)
Bahrajnie (singular vocative)
Bahrajny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Arabic الْبَحْرَيْن (al-baḥrayn, literally “the two seas”)

bor+

الْبَحْرَيْن

Bahrain (an archipelago, island, and country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf)


Jenisej

Jenisej (nominative singular)
Jeniseju (genitive singular)
Jenisejowi (dative singular)
Jenisej (accusative singular)
Jenisejem (instrumental singular)
Jeniseju (locative singular)
Jeniseju (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Енисе́й (Jeniséj), from Old Kyrgyz Эне-Сай (Ene-Say, “mother river”) or from Evenki Ионэсси (Ionəssi, “big water”).


Nikaragua

Nikaragua (nominative singular)
Nikaragui (genitive singular)
Nikaragui (dative singular)
Nikaraguę (accusative singular)
Nikaraguą (instrumental singular)
Nikaragui (locative singular)
Nikaraguo (singular vocative)

Nicaragua (a country in Central America)


Tajlandia

Tajlandia (nominative singular)
Tajlandii (genitive singular)
Tajlandii (dative singular)
Tajlandię (accusative singular)
Tajlandią (instrumental singular)
Tajlandii (locative singular)
Tajlandio (singular vocative)


Dominika

Dominika (nominative singular)
Dominiki (nominative plural)
Dominiki (genitive singular)
Dominik (genitive plural)
Dominice (dative singular)
Dominikom (dative plural)
Dominikę (accusative singular)
Dominiki (accusative plural)
Dominiką (instrumental singular)
Dominikami (instrumental plural)
Dominice (locative singular)
Dominikach (locative plural)
Dominiko (singular vocative)
Dominiki (plural vocative)

(singular only) Dominica (an island and country in the Caribbean)


kocioł

pl-noun

kocioł m inan (diminutive kociołek or kotlik)

kociołek (diminutive)
kotlik (diminutive)
kocioł (nominative singular)
kotły (nominative plural)
kotła (genitive singular)
kotłów (genitive plural)
kotłowi (dative singular)
kotłom (dative plural)
kocioł (accusative singular)
kotły (accusative plural)
kotłem (instrumental singular)
kotłami (instrumental plural)
kotle (locative singular)
kotłach (locative plural)
kotle (singular vocative)
kotły (plural vocative)


apteka

apteka (nominative singular)
apteki (nominative plural)
apteki (genitive singular)
aptek (genitive plural)
aptece (dative singular)
aptekom (dative plural)
aptekę (accusative singular)
apteki (accusative plural)
apteką (instrumental singular)
aptekami (instrumental plural)
aptece (locative singular)
aptekach (locative plural)
apteko (singular vocative)
apteki (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: аптэ́ка (aptéka)

→ Kashubian: aptéka

→ Russian: апте́ка (aptéka) (see there for further descendants)

→ Slovincian: aptéka

→ Ukrainian: апте́ка (aptéka)

Inherited from Old Polish apoteka. Doublet of butik.

(pharmacy) pharmacy (place where prescription drugs are dispensed)

(Middle Polish) book of prescriptions and treatments

Tata kupił wczoraj leki w aptece.

Dad bought medicine yesterday at the pharmacy


eurocent

eurocent m animal (related adjective eurocentowy)

eurocentowy (adjective)
eurocent (nominative singular)
eurocenty (nominative plural)
eurocenta (genitive singular)
eurocentów (genitive plural)
eurocentowi (dative singular)
eurocentom (dative plural)
eurocenta (accusative singular)
eurocenty (accusative plural)
eurocentem (instrumental singular)
eurocentami (instrumental plural)
eurocencie (locative singular)
eurocentach (locative plural)
eurocencie (singular vocative)
eurocenty (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare Dutch eurocent, English Eurocent, German Eurocent. By surface analysis, euro- + cent.

Coordinate term: euro


Görlitz

Unadapted borrowing from German Görlitz. Doublet of Zgorzelec.


Auschwitz

Auschwitz (nominative singular)
Auschwitzu (genitive singular)
Auschwitzowi (dative singular)
Auschwitz (accusative singular)
Auschwitzem (instrumental singular)
Auschwitzu (locative singular)
Auschwitzu (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from German Auschwitz, from Polish Oświęcim.

ubor

(historical, Nazism, World War II) Auschwitz (concentration camp)


obóz

obozowy (adjective)
obóz (nominative singular)
obozy (nominative plural)
obozu (genitive singular)
obozów (genitive plural)
obozowi (dative singular)
obozom (dative plural)
obóz (accusative singular)
obozy (accusative plural)
obozem (instrumental singular)
obozami (instrumental plural)
obozie (locative singular)
obozach (locative plural)
obozie (singular vocative)
obozy (plural vocative)

→ Lithuanian: abazas

Inherited from Old Polish obóz. By surface analysis, deverbal from obwieźć.

surf

camp (recreation consisting of a given group spending time of people outside their place of residence, at least for a few days, enabling them to combine rest with study or sport)

camp (people participating in such recreation)

camp (training intended for athletes, carried out to improve their physical condition and skills before sports competitions)


wieś

pl-noun

wieś f (diminutive wioska, augmentative wiocha, related adjective wiejski or (obsolete) wsiowy or (obsolete) wieśny or (rare) wsiański, abbreviation w.)

wioska (diminutive)
wiocha (augmentative)
wiejski (adjective)
wsiowy (adjective obsolete)
wieśny (adjective obsolete)
wsiański (adjective rare)
w. (abbreviation)
wieś (nominative singular)
wsie (nominative plural)
wsi (nominative plural)
wsi (genitive singular)
wsi (genitive plural)
wsi (dative singular)
wsiom (dative plural)
wieś (accusative singular)
wsie (accusative plural)
wsi (accusative plural)
wsią (instrumental singular)
wsiami (instrumental plural)
wsi (locative singular)
wsiach (locative plural)
wsi (singular vocative)
wsie (plural vocative)
wsi (plural vocative)

(demonym) village (residents of such a place)


Rosja

Rosja (nominative singular)
Rosje (nominative plural)
Rosji (genitive singular)
Rosji (genitive plural)
Rosyj (archaic genitive plural)
Rosji (dative singular)
Rosjom (dative plural)
Rosję (accusative singular)
Rosje (accusative plural)
Rosją (instrumental singular)
Rosjami (instrumental plural)
Rosji (locative singular)
Rosjach (locative plural)
Rosjo (singular vocative)
Rosje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Росси́я (Rossíja), from Byzantine Greek Ῥωσία (Rhōsía), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ), possibly from Finnish Ruotsi (“Sweden”), from Old Norse Róðrsland (“the land of rowing”), older name of Roslagen, where the Finns and Swedes first met.

der

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


dziura

dziurka (diminutive)
dziura (nominative singular)
dziury (nominative plural)
dziury (genitive singular)
dziur (genitive plural)
dziurze (dative singular)
dziurom (dative plural)
dziurę (accusative singular)
dziury (accusative plural)
dziurą (instrumental singular)
dziurami (instrumental plural)
dziurze (locative singular)
dziurach (locative plural)
dziuro (singular vocative)
dziury (plural vocative)

(colloquial, derogatory) backwater (place that is impoverished and perceived as far from civilization)


Mołdawia

Mołdawia (nominative singular)
Mołdawii (genitive singular)
Mołdawii (dative singular)
Mołdawię (accusative singular)
Mołdawią (instrumental singular)
Mołdawii (locative singular)
Mołdawio (singular vocative)


ogród

ogródek (diminutive)
ogród (nominative singular)
ogrody (nominative plural)
ogrodu (genitive singular)
ogrodów (genitive plural)
ogrodowi (dative singular)
ogrodom (dative plural)
ogród (accusative singular)
ogrody (accusative plural)
ogrodem (instrumental singular)
ogrodami (instrumental plural)
ogrodzie (locative singular)
ogrodach (locative plural)
ogrodzie (singular vocative)
ogrody (plural vocative)


Ameryka

Ameryka (nominative singular)
Ameryki (nominative plural)
Ameryki (genitive singular)
Ameryk (genitive plural)
Ameryce (dative singular)
Amerykom (dative plural)
Amerykę (accusative singular)
Ameryki (accusative plural)
Ameryką (instrumental singular)
Amerykami (instrumental plural)
Ameryce (locative singular)
Amerykach (locative plural)
Ameryko (singular vocative)
Ameryki (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English America.

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


Katarzyna

Katarzyna (nominative singular)
Katarzyny (genitive singular)
Katarzynie (dative singular)
Katarzynę (accusative singular)
Katarzyną (instrumental singular)
Katarzynie (locative singular)
Katarzyno (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Catharina, Catherina.

lbor

Piotrków Kujawski
Piotrków Kujawski#English

Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

Katarzyna (a village in the Gmina of Piotrków Kujawski, Radziejów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)

Katarzyna (a village in the Gmina of Przedecz, Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


Nazaret

Nazaret (nominative singular)
Nazaretu (genitive singular)
Nazaretowi (dative singular)
Nazaret (accusative singular)
Nazaretem (instrumental singular)
Nazarecie (locative singular)
Nazarecie (singular vocative)

Northern District
Northern District#English

Nazareth (the largest city in the Northern District, Israel)


kontynent

kontynent (nominative singular)
kontynenty (nominative plural)
kontynentu (genitive singular)
kontynentów (genitive plural)
kontynentowi (dative singular)
kontynentom (dative plural)
kontynent (accusative singular)
kontynenty (accusative plural)
kontynentem (instrumental singular)
kontynentami (instrumental plural)
kontynencie (locative singular)
kontynentach (locative plural)
kontynencie (singular vocative)
kontynenty (plural vocative)


Krym

Krym (nominative singular)
Krymu (genitive singular)
Krymowi (dative singular)
Krym (accusative singular)
Krymem (instrumental singular)
Krymie (locative singular)
Krymie (singular vocative)


Neapol

Neapol (nominative singular)
Neapolu (genitive singular)
Neapolowi (dative singular)
Neapol (accusative singular)
Neapolem (instrumental singular)
Neapolu (locative singular)
Neapolu (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Neāpolis, from Ancient Greek Νεᾱ́πολῐς (Neā́polis), from νέᾱ (néā) + πόλῐς (pólis).


rozwidlenie

rozwidlenie (nominative singular)
rozwidlenia (nominative plural)
rozwidlenia (genitive singular)
rozwidleń (genitive plural)
rozwidleniu (dative singular)
rozwidleniom (dative plural)
rozwidlenie (accusative singular)
rozwidlenia (accusative plural)
rozwidleniem (instrumental singular)
rozwidleniami (instrumental plural)
rozwidleniu (locative singular)
rozwidleniach (locative plural)
rozwidlenie (singular vocative)
rozwidlenia (plural vocative)

(countable) crotch (area where something forks or branches, where a ramification takes place)


Chińska Republika Ludowa

pl-prop

Chińska Republika Ludowa f (abbreviation ChRL)

ChRL (abbreviation)
Chińska Republika Ludowa (nominative singular)
Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej (genitive singular)
Chińskiej Republice Ludowej (dative singular)
Chińską Republikę Ludową (accusative singular)
Chińską Republiką Ludową (instrumental singular)
Chińskiej Republice Ludowej (locative singular)
Chińska Republiko Ludowa (singular vocative)

Literally, “Chinese People's Republic”. Perhaps a calque of Russian Кита́йская Наро́дная Респу́блика (Kitájskaja Naródnaja Respúblika).

cal

Кита́йская Наро́дная Респу́блика

China, People's Republic of China (a country in East Asia)


Falklandy

pl-prop

Falklandy nvir pl (related adjective falklandzki)

falklandzki (adjective)
Falklandy (nominative plural)
Falklandów (genitive plural)
Falklandom (dative plural)
Falklandy (accusative plural)
Falklandami (instrumental plural)
Falklandach (locative plural)
Falklandy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English Falklands.

Falkland Islands
Falkland Islands#English

Falklands, Falkland Islands (an archipelago and overseas territory of the United Kingdom)


wulkan

pl-noun

wulkan m inan (related adjective wulkaniczny)

wulkaniczny (adjective)
wulkan (nominative singular)
wulkany (nominative plural)
wulkanu (genitive singular)
wulkanów (genitive plural)
wulkanowi (dative singular)
wulkanom (dative plural)
wulkan (accusative singular)
wulkany (accusative plural)
wulkanem (instrumental singular)
wulkanami (instrumental plural)
wulkanie (locative singular)
wulkanach (locative plural)
wulkanie (singular vocative)
wulkany (plural vocative)

(volcanology) volcano (mountain containing a magma chamber)

(figurative) ball of fire (person who is especially hard-working, high-achieving, ambitious, or active)


rzeka

rzeka f (diminutive rzeczka or rzeczułka, related adjective rzeczny)

rzeczka (diminutive)
rzeczułka (diminutive)
rzeczny (adjective)
rzeka (nominative singular)
rzeki (nominative plural)
rzeki (genitive singular)
rzek (genitive plural)
rzece (dative singular)
rzekom (dative plural)
rzekę (accusative singular)
rzeki (accusative plural)
rzeką (instrumental singular)
rzekami (instrumental plural)
rzece (locative singular)
rzekach (locative plural)
rzeko (singular vocative)
rzeki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish rzeka. Doublet of Rijeka.

(figuratively) river (large number of objects moving in an uninterrupted, steady motion)