euro

Internationalism; compare English euro, French euro, German Euro.

euro (currency unit of the European Monetary Union; symbol: €)


Estonia

estoński (adjective)
Estonia (nominative singular)
Estonii (genitive singular)
Estonii (dative singular)
Estonię (accusative singular)
Estonią (instrumental singular)
Estonii (locative singular)
Estonio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Estonia.


Austria

Austria (nominative singular)
Austrii (genitive singular)
Austrii (dative singular)
Austrię (accusative singular)
Austrią (instrumental singular)
Austrii (locative singular)
Austrio (singular vocative)


Albania

albański (adjective)
Albania (nominative singular)
Albanii (genitive singular)
Albanii (dative singular)
Albanię (accusative singular)
Albanią (instrumental singular)
Albanii (locative singular)
Albanio (singular vocative)

Derived from Byzantine Greek Ἀλβανία (Albanía).

der+

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Armenia

Armenia (nominative singular)
Armenie (nominative plural)
Armenii (genitive singular)
Armenii (genitive plural)
Armenij (archaic genitive plural)
Armenii (dative singular)
Armeniom (dative plural)
Armenię (accusative singular)
Armenie (accusative plural)
Armenią (instrumental singular)
Armeniami (instrumental plural)
Armenii (locative singular)
Armeniach (locative plural)
Armenio (singular vocative)
Armenie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/).

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Angola

angolski (adjective)
Angola (nominative singular)
Angoli (genitive singular)
Angoli (dative singular)
Angolę (accusative singular)
Angolą (instrumental singular)
Angoli (locative singular)
Angolo (singular vocative)

From Portuguese (Reino de) Angola (“(kingdom of) Angola”).


Burundi

pl-proper noun

Burundi n (indeclinable, related adjective burundyjski)


Bhutan

pl-prop

Bhutan m inan (related adjective bhutański)

bhutański (adjective)
Bhutan (nominative singular)
Bhutanu (genitive singular)
Bhutanowi (dative singular)
Bhutan (accusative singular)
Bhutanem (instrumental singular)
Bhutanie (locative singular)
Bhutanie (singular vocative)

Bhutan (a country in South Asia, in the Himalayas)


Botswana

pl-proper noun

Botswana f (related adjective botswański)

botswański (adjective)
Botswana (nominative singular)
Botswany (genitive singular)
Botswanie (dative singular)
Botswanę (accusative singular)
Botswaną (instrumental singular)
Botswanie (locative singular)
Botswano (singular vocative)


Belize

pl-prop

Belize n (indeclinable, related adjective belizeński)

Belize City (the largest city in Belize)


Chile

Chile n (indeclinable, related adjective chilijski)


Gabon

pl-proper noun

Gabon m inan (related adjective gaboński)

gaboński (adjective)
Gabon (nominative singular)
Gabonu (genitive singular)
Gabonowi (dative singular)
Gabon (accusative singular)
Gabonem (instrumental singular)
Gabonie (locative singular)
Gabonie (singular vocative)


Ghana

ghański (adjective)
Ghana (nominative singular)
Ghany (genitive singular)
Ghanie (dative singular)
Ghanę (accusative singular)
Ghaną (instrumental singular)
Ghanie (locative singular)
Ghano (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Ghana, from Soninke gajanŋa.


Gambia

gambijski (adjective)
Gambia (nominative singular)
Gambii (genitive singular)
Gambii (dative singular)
Gambię (accusative singular)
Gambią (instrumental singular)
Gambii (locative singular)
Gambio (singular vocative)


Honduras

Honduras m inan (related adjective honduraski)

honduraski (adjective)
Honduras (nominative singular)
Hondurasu (genitive singular)
Hondurasowi (dative singular)
Honduras (accusative singular)
Hondurasem (instrumental singular)
Hondurasie (locative singular)
Hondurasie (singular vocative)


Haiti

Haiti n (indeclinable, related adjective haitański)

Borrowed from French Haïti, from Taíno hayiti (“mountainous land”).


Iran

Iran (nominative singular)
Iranu (genitive singular)
Iranowi (dative singular)
Iran (accusative singular)
Iranem (instrumental singular)
Iranie (locative singular)
Iranie (singular vocative)

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Kiribati

pl-prop

Kiribati n (indeclinable, related adjective kiribatyjski or kiribacki)

kiribatyjski (adjective)
kiribacki (adjective)

Unadapted borrowing from Gilbertese Kiribati.

ubor

Kiribati (A country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania)


Laos

Laos (nominative singular)
Laosu (genitive singular)
Laosowi (dative singular)
Laos (accusative singular)
Laosem (instrumental singular)
Laosie (locative singular)
Laosie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French Laos, plural of Lao, from Lao ລາວ (lāo, “Lao”).


Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein (nominative singular)
Liechtensteinu (genitive singular)
Liechtensteinowi (dative singular)
Liechtenstein (accusative singular)
Liechtensteinem (instrumental singular)
Liechtensteinie (locative singular)
Liechtensteinie (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from German Liechtenstein.

Liechtenstein (a microstate in Central Europe)


Liberia

pl-proper noun

Liberia f (related adjective liberyjski)

liberyjski (adjective)
Liberia (nominative singular)
Liberii (genitive singular)
Liberii (dative singular)
Liberię (accusative singular)
Liberią (instrumental singular)
Liberii (locative singular)
Liberio (singular vocative)


Mali

Mali n (indeclinable, related adjective malijski)


Mongolia

Mongolia (nominative singular)
Mongolii (genitive singular)
Mongolii (dative singular)
Mongolię (accusative singular)
Mongolią (instrumental singular)
Mongolii (locative singular)
Mongolio (singular vocative)


Malta

maltański (adjective)
Malta (nominative singular)
Malty (genitive singular)
Malcie (dative singular)
Maltę (accusative singular)
Maltą (instrumental singular)
Malcie (locative singular)
Malto (singular vocative)

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe)

Malta (The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago)


Mauritius

Mauritius m inan (related adjective maurytyjski)

maurytyjski (adjective)
Mauritius (nominative singular)
Mauritiusu (genitive singular)
Mauritiusowi (dative singular)
Mauritius (accusative singular)
Mauritiusem (instrumental singular)
Mauritiusie (locative singular)
Mauritiusie (singular vocative)

Mauritius (A country in the Indian Ocean, east of East Africa and Madagascar)

Mauritius (The main island of the country of Mauritius)


Malawi

Malawi n (indeclinable, related adjective malawijski)

Borrowed from English Malawi, from Chichewa malawi.


Namibia

Namibia f (related adjective namibijski)

namibijski (adjective)
Namibia (nominative singular)
Namibii (genitive singular)
Namibii (dative singular)
Namibię (accusative singular)
Namibią (instrumental singular)
Namibii (locative singular)
Namibio (singular vocative)


Niger

Niger m inan (related adjective nigerski)

nigerski (adjective)
Niger (nominative singular)
Nigru (genitive singular)
Nigrowi (dative singular)
Niger (accusative singular)
Nigrem (instrumental singular)
Nigrze (locative singular)
Nigrze (singular vocative)

Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)

Niger (a major river in West Africa, that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria)


Nigeria

Nigeria f (related adjective nigeryjski)

nigeryjski (adjective)
Nigeria (nominative singular)
Nigerii (genitive singular)
Nigerii (dative singular)
Nigerię (accusative singular)
Nigerią (instrumental singular)
Nigerii (locative singular)
Nigerio (singular vocative)

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


Nepal

Nepal (nominative singular)
Nepalu (genitive singular)
Nepalowi (dative singular)
Nepal (accusative singular)
Nepalem (instrumental singular)
Nepalu (locative singular)
Nepalu (singular vocative)

Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India)


Nauru

pl-prop

Nauru n (indeclinable, related adjective nauruański or naurański)

nauruański (adjective)
naurański (adjective)

Nauru (a country and island in Oceania, in the Pacific Ocean)


Oman

omański (adjective)
Oman (nominative singular)
Omanu (genitive singular)
Omanowi (dative singular)
Oman (accusative singular)
Omanem (instrumental singular)
Omanie (locative singular)
Omanie (singular vocative)

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Panama

panamski (adjective)
Panama (nominative singular)
Panamy (genitive singular)
Panamie (dative singular)
Panamę (accusative singular)
Panamą (instrumental singular)
Panamie (locative singular)
Panamo (singular vocative)

Panama City (the capital and largest city of Panama)


Peru

Peru n (indeclinable, related adjective peruwiański)


Pakistan

Pakistan (nominative singular)
Pakistanu (genitive singular)
Pakistanowi (dative singular)
Pakistan (accusative singular)
Pakistanem (instrumental singular)
Pakistanie (locative singular)
Pakistanie (singular vocative)


Rwanda

rwandyjski (adjective)
Rwanda (nominative singular)
Rwandy (genitive singular)
Rwandzie (dative singular)
Rwandę (accusative singular)
Rwandą (instrumental singular)
Rwandzie (locative singular)
Rwando (singular vocative)


Sudan

Sudan m inan (related adjective sudański)

sudański (adjective)
Sudan (nominative singular)
Sudanu (genitive singular)
Sudanowi (dative singular)
Sudan (accusative singular)
Sudanem (instrumental singular)
Sudanie (locative singular)
Sudanie (singular vocative)

Sudan (a country in North Africa and East Africa)


San Marino

Borrowed from Italian San Marino (“Saint Marinus”).

bor+

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


Senegal

pl-proper noun

Senegal m inan (related adjective senegalski)

senegalski (adjective)
Senegal (nominative singular)
Senegalu (genitive singular)
Senegalowi (dative singular)
Senegal (accusative singular)
Senegalem (instrumental singular)
Senegalu (locative singular)
Senegalu (singular vocative)

Senegal (a river on the border between Senegal and Mauritania in West Africa)


Syria

Syria (nominative singular)
Syrii (genitive singular)
Syrii (dative singular)
Syrię (accusative singular)
Syrią (instrumental singular)
Syrii (locative singular)
Syrio (singular vocative)

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Togo

Togo n (indeclinable, related adjective togijski)


Tonga

pl-prop

Tonga n (indeclinable, related adjective tongijski)

Tonga (a country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania)


Tanzania

pl-proper noun

Tanzania f (related adjective tanzański)

tanzański (adjective)
Tanzania (nominative singular)
Tanzanii (genitive singular)
Tanzanii (dative singular)
Tanzanię (accusative singular)
Tanzanią (instrumental singular)
Tanzanii (locative singular)
Tanzanio (singular vocative)


Uganda

ugandyjski (adjective)
Uganda (nominative singular)
Ugandy (genitive singular)
Ugandzie (dative singular)
Ugandę (accusative singular)
Ugandą (instrumental singular)
Ugandzie (locative singular)
Ugando (singular vocative)

From Swahili Uganda (“Buganda, subnational kingdom”), from Luganda Buganda (“land of the Ganda”).


Zambia

zambijski (adjective)
Zambia (nominative singular)
Zambii (genitive singular)
Zambii (dative singular)
Zambię (accusative singular)
Zambią (instrumental singular)
Zambii (locative singular)
Zambio (singular vocative)


Zimbabwe

pl-proper noun

Zimbabwe n (indeclinable, related adjective zimbabwejski or zimbabweński)

zimbabwejski (adjective)
zimbabweński (adjective)

Orthographic borrowing from English Zimbabwe, from Shona dzimba-dze-mabwe (“house of stones”), in reference to Great Zimbabwe.


Australia

pl-prop

Australia f (related adjective australijski)

australijski (adjective)
Australia (nominative singular)
Australii (genitive singular)
Australii (dative singular)
Australię (accusative singular)
Australią (instrumental singular)
Australii (locative singular)
Australio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Australia, from Latin terra austrālis incōgnita.

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Barbados

pl-proper noun

Barbados m inan (related adjective barbadoski)

barbadoski (adjective)
Barbados (nominative singular)
Barbadosu (genitive singular)
Barbadosowi (dative singular)
Barbados (accusative singular)
Barbadosem (instrumental singular)
Barbadosie (locative singular)
Barbadosie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Barbados, from Portuguese barbados (“bearded ones”).

Barbados (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso f (related adjective burkiński)

burkiński (adjective)
Burkina Faso (nominative singular)
Burkiny Faso (genitive singular)
Burkinie Faso (dative singular)
Burkinę Faso (accusative singular)
Burkiną Faso (instrumental singular)
Burkinie Faso (locative singular)
Burkino Faso (singular vocative)

From Moore burkĩna (“honest”) + Dyula faso (“father's house”), coined by Thomas Sankara.

Burkina Faso (a country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta)


Benin

Benin m inan (related adjective beniński)

beniński (adjective)
Benin (nominative singular)
Beninu (genitive singular)
Beninowi (dative singular)
Benin (accusative singular)
Beninem (instrumental singular)
Beninie (locative singular)
Beninie (singular vocative)

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey)


Vanuatu

pl-prop

Vanuatu n (indeclinable, related adjective vanuacki)

Unadapted borrowing from Bislama Vanuatu.

ubor

Vanuatu (a country and archipelago in Melanesia in Oceania)


Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan (nominative singular)
Uzbekistanu (genitive singular)
Uzbekistanowi (dative singular)
Uzbekistan (accusative singular)
Uzbekistanem (instrumental singular)
Uzbekistanie (locative singular)
Uzbekistanie (singular vocative)


Tuvalu

pl-prop

Tuvalu n (indeclinable, related adjective tuwalski)

Unadapted borrowing from Tuvaluan Tuuvalu.

ubor

Tuvalu (a country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania)


Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan (nominative singular)
Turkmenistanu (genitive singular)
Turkmenistanowi (dative singular)
Turkmenistan (accusative singular)
Turkmenistanem (instrumental singular)
Turkmenistanie (locative singular)
Turkmenistanie (singular vocative)

Turkmenistan (a country in Central Asia)


Somalia

pl-proper noun

Somalia f (related adjective somalijski)

somalijski (adjective)
Somalia (nominative singular)
Somalii (genitive singular)
Somalii (dative singular)
Somalię (accusative singular)
Somalią (instrumental singular)
Somalii (locative singular)
Somalio (singular vocative)

Somalia (a country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa)


Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone n (indeclinable, related adjective sierraleoński)

Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone#English:_Q1044


Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka (nominative singular)
Sri Lanki (genitive singular)
Sri Lance (dative singular)
Sri Lankę (accusative singular)
Sri Lanką (instrumental singular)
Sri Lance (locative singular)
Sri Lanko (singular vocative)

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Palau

pl-prop

Palau n (indeclinable, related adjective palauski)

Borrowed from English Palau, from Palauan Belau (“Palau”).

Palau (A country consisting of around 340 islands in Micronesia, in Oceania)

Palau (a commune and city in Sassari, Sardinia, Italy)


Niue

Niue n (indeclinable, related adjective niueński)

Niue (an island and country in Polynesia in Oceania, a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand)


Georgia

Georgia (nominative singular)
Georgii (genitive singular)
Georgii (dative singular)
Georgię (accusative singular)
Georgią (instrumental singular)
Georgii (locative singular)
Georgio (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Georgia.

ubor

Georgia (a state in the Southern United States)


Saint Lucia

Borrowed from English Saint Lucia, from Latin sancta (“saint”) Lucia (“Lucy”) (landed on by French sailors on St. Lucy's Day, 13 December 1502).

Saint Lucia (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Samoa

pl-prop

Samoa n (indeclinable, related adjective samoański)

Samoa (A country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania)


Guam

Guam (nominative singular)
Guamu (genitive singular)
Guamowi (dative singular)
Guam (accusative singular)
Guamem (instrumental singular)
Guamie (locative singular)
Guamie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Guam, from Chamorro Guåhan.

Guam (an island and overseas territory of the United States in Micronesia)


Grenada

pl-proper noun

Grenada f (related adjective grenadyjski)

grenadyjski (adjective)
Grenada (nominative singular)
Grenady (nominative plural)
Grenady (genitive singular)
Grenad (genitive plural)
Grenadzie (dative singular)
Grenadom (dative plural)
Grenadę (accusative singular)
Grenady (accusative plural)
Grenadą (instrumental singular)
Grenadami (instrumental plural)
Grenadzie (locative singular)
Grenadach (locative plural)
Grenado (singular vocative)
Grenady (plural vocative)

Grenada (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Macedonia

pl-prop

Macedonia f (related adjective macedoński)

macedoński (adjective)
Macedonia (nominative singular)
Macedonii (genitive singular)
Macedonii (dative singular)
Macedonię (accusative singular)
Macedonią (instrumental singular)
Macedonii (locative singular)
Macedonio (singular vocative)

Macedonia (a region in Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, North Macedonia and Serbia)

Macedonia (an ancient kingdom in the Balkans in Southeast Europe)

administrative region
administrative region

Macedonia (an administrative region of Greece)

Macedonia (former name of North Macedonia, a country in the Balkans in Southeast Europe)


Quebec

Quebec (nominative singular)
Quebecu (genitive singular)
Quebecowi (dative singular)
Quebec (accusative singular)
Quebekiem (instrumental singular)
Quebecu (locative singular)
Quebecu (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Quebec, from French Québec, from Algonquin kepék.

Quebec, Quebec City (the capital city of the province of Quebec, Canada)


Montreal

Montreal (nominative singular)
Montrealu (genitive singular)
Montrealowi (dative singular)
Montreal (accusative singular)
Montrealem (instrumental singular)
Montrealu (locative singular)
Montrealu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Montreal, from French Montréal, from Mont Royal (“Mount Royal”), after the nearby mountain by Jacques Cartier.

Montreal (the largest city in Quebec, Canada)


Korea

Korea (nominative singular)
Koree (nominative plural)
Korei (genitive singular)
Korei (genitive plural)
Korei (dative singular)
Koreom (dative plural)
Koreę (accusative singular)
Koree (accusative plural)
Koreą (instrumental singular)
Koreami (instrumental plural)
Korei (locative singular)
Koreach (locative plural)
Koreo (singular vocative)
Koree (plural vocative)

(informal) Korea (two countries in East Asia, North Korea and South Korea)


Abdera

Abdera (nominative singular)
Abdery (genitive singular)
Abderze (dative singular)
Abderę (accusative singular)
Abderą (instrumental singular)
Abderze (locative singular)
Abdero (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἄβδηρα (Ábdēra).

lbor

Abdera (an ancient city in Thrace, in modern Greece)

miasto Abdera

mieszkaniec Abdery

Abdera (a modern municipality of Xanthi, in the administrative region of Thrace, Greece)


bad

bad (nominative singular)
bady (nominative plural)
badu (genitive singular)
badów (genitive plural)
badowi (dative singular)
badom (dative plural)
bad (accusative singular)
bady (accusative plural)
badem (instrumental singular)
badami (instrumental plural)
badzie (locative singular)
badach (locative plural)
badzie (singular vocative)
bady (plural vocative)

(dated) health resort (resort, such as a spa, providing services designed to improve people's health)


Tasmania

Tasmania (nominative singular)
Tasmanii (genitive singular)
Tasmanii (dative singular)
Tasmanię (accusative singular)
Tasmanią (instrumental singular)
Tasmanii (locative singular)
Tasmanio (singular vocative)

Tasmania (a state and island in Australia)


Victoria

Victoria (nominative singular)
Victorii (genitive singular)
Victorii (dative singular)
Victorię (accusative singular)
Victorią (instrumental singular)
Victorii (locative singular)
Victorio (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Victoria, from Latin Victōria, from victōria.

ubor

Victoria (the capital city of Seychelles)


Rio de Janeiro

Unadapted borrowing from Portuguese Rio de Janeiro.

Rio de Janeiro (a municipality, the state capital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; former capital of Brazil)

Southeast Region
Southeast Region#English

Rio de Janeiro (a state of the Southeast Region, Brazil)


São Paulo

Unadapted borrowing from Portuguese São Paulo, named after Christian apostle Saint Paul.

named-after

São Paulo (a municipality, the state capital of São Paulo, Brazil)

São Paulo (a state of the Southeast Region, Brazil)


kurwa

pl-noun

kurwa f (diminutive kurewka, augmentative kurwisko)

kurewka (diminutive)
kurwisko (augmentative)
kurwa (nominative singular)
kurwy (nominative plural)
kurwy (genitive singular)
kurew (genitive plural)
kurw (genitive plural)
kurwie (dative singular)
kurwom (dative plural)
kurwę (accusative singular)
kurwy (accusative plural)
kurwą (instrumental singular)
kurwami (instrumental plural)
kurwie (locative singular)
kurwach (locative plural)
kurwo (singular vocative)
kurwy (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: קורווע (kurve)

(offensive, vulgar) loathsome person, especially one who is unprincipled; someone who lacks integrity; gender-neutral


Ontario

Borrowed from English Ontario, probably from Wyandot ontari꞉io.

Ontario (a province in eastern Canada; capital: Toronto)


góra

góra f (diminutive górka, abbreviation g.)

górka (diminutive)
g. (abbreviation)
góra (nominative singular)
góry (nominative plural)
góry (genitive singular)
gór (genitive plural)
górze (dative singular)
górom (dative plural)
górę (accusative singular)
góry (accusative plural)
górą (instrumental singular)
górami (instrumental plural)
górze (locative singular)
górach (locative plural)
góro (singular vocative)
góry (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish góra. Sense 5 is preserved in terms such as górnik and was displaced by kopalnia. Doublet of hore.

góra z górą się nie zejdzie, a człowiek z człowiekiem zawsze

góra z górą się nie zejdzie, ale człowiek

nie przyszła góra do Mahometa, przyszedł Mahomet do góry

Nie pomogę wam w tym projekcie, dopóki góra go nie przyklepie.

I won't help you with this project until the higher-ups sign off on it.

(uncountable) top (higher part of some object; upmost part of something)

(in the plural) mountains, mountain range


Canberra

Canberra (nominative singular)
Canberry (genitive singular)
Canberrze (dative singular)
Canberrę (accusative singular)
Canberrą (instrumental singular)
Canberrze (locative singular)
Canberro (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Canberra, from Ngunawal kamberra.

ubor

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory#English

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


Sydney

Unadapted borrowing from English Sydney.

Sydney (a major port city, the state capital of New South Wales, Australia)

Sydney (a seaport and former city in Nova Scotia, Canada)


Darwin

Northern Territory
Northern Territory#English

Darwin (the capital city of the Northern Territory, Australia)


Melbourne

Melbourne (the capital city of Victoria, Australia)


Saint John's

Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda#English

St. John's (the capital city of Antigua and Barbuda)


Ottawa

ottawski (adjective)
Ottawa (nominative singular)
Ottawy (genitive singular)
Ottawie (dative singular)
Ottawę (accusative singular)
Ottawą (instrumental singular)
Ottawie (locative singular)
Ottawo (singular vocative)


Kuala Lumpur

pl-prop

Kuala Lumpur m inan (related adjective kualalumpurski)

kualalumpurski (adjective)
Kuala Lumpur (nominative singular)
Kuala Lumpuru (genitive singular)
Kuala Lumpurowi (dative singular)
Kuala Lumpur (accusative singular)
Kuala Lumpurem (instrumental singular)
Kuala Lumpurze (locative singular)
Kuala Lumpurze (singular vocative)

Kuala Lumpur (the capital city of Malaysia)

Kuala Lumpur (a federal territory of Malaysia)


tundra

tundrowy (adjective)
tundra (nominative singular)
tundry (nominative plural)
tundry (genitive singular)
tundr (genitive plural)
tundrze (dative singular)
tundrom (dative plural)
tundrę (accusative singular)
tundry (accusative plural)
tundrą (instrumental singular)
tundrami (instrumental plural)
tundrze (locative singular)
tundrach (locative plural)
tundro (singular vocative)
tundry (plural vocative)


USA

Orthographic borrowing from English USA.


earl

earl (nominative singular)
earlowie (nominative plural)
earla (genitive singular)
earlów (genitive plural)
earlowi (dative singular)
earlom (dative plural)
earla (accusative singular)
earlów (accusative plural)
earlem (instrumental singular)
earlami (instrumental plural)
earlu (locative singular)
earlach (locative plural)
earlu (singular vocative)
earlowie (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English earl, from Middle English erle, erl, from Old English eorl, from Proto-Germanic *erlaz, from *erōną, *arōną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-.


Oceania

Oceania (nominative singular)
Oceanii (genitive singular)
Oceanii (dative singular)
Oceanię (accusative singular)
Oceanią (instrumental singular)
Oceanii (locative singular)
Oceanio (singular vocative)

Oceania (a geographical region or continent in the Pacific Ocean)


agora

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀγορά (agorá).

lbor

(Ancient Greece, historical) agora (marketplace in Classical Greece)

(Ancient Greece, historical) agora (gathering of people in an agora)

(formal) assembly, conference, summit (meeting for discussing serious issues)

(formal) summit (place for having a serious meeting)


Amsterdam

pl-prop

Amsterdam m inan (related adjective amsterdamski)

amsterdamski (adjective)
Amsterdam (nominative singular)
Amsterdamu (genitive singular)
Amsterdamowi (dative singular)
Amsterdam (accusative singular)
Amsterdamem (instrumental singular)
Amsterdamie (locative singular)
Amsterdamie (singular vocative)

Amsterdam (the capital and largest city of the Netherlands)

Amsterdam (a municipality of North Holland, Netherlands)


las

pl-noun

las m inan (diminutive lasek, related adjective leśny or lasowy)

lasek (diminutive)
leśny (adjective)
lasowy (adjective)
las (nominative singular)
lasy (nominative plural)
lasu (genitive singular)
lasów (genitive plural)
lasowi (dative singular)
lasom (dative plural)
las (accusative singular)
lasy (accusative plural)
lasem (instrumental singular)
lasami (instrumental plural)
lesie (locative singular)
lasach (locative plural)
lesie (singular vocative)
lasy (plural vocative)

za siedmioma górami, za siedmioma lasami

nie było nas, był las, nie będzie nas, będzie las

forest (large number or quantity of something that makes it difficult to orient oneself and act properly)


kopa

kopa (nominative singular)
kopy (nominative plural)
kopy (genitive singular)
kop (genitive plural)
kóp (genitive plural)
kopie (dative singular)
kopom (dative plural)
kopę (accusative singular)
kopy (accusative plural)
kopą (instrumental singular)
kopami (instrumental plural)
kopie (locative singular)
kopach (locative plural)
kopo (singular vocative)
kopy (plural vocative)


Ankara

Ankara (nominative singular)
Ankary (genitive singular)
Ankarze (dative singular)
Ankarę (accusative singular)
Ankarą (instrumental singular)
Ankarze (locative singular)
Ankaro (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Turkish Ankara, from Ottoman Turkish آنقره (Ankara), from Ancient Greek Ἄγκυρα (Ánkura), from ἄγκυρα (ánkura).


baba

baba f (diminutive babka or babcia, augmentative babsko or babisko)

babka (diminutive)
babcia (diminutive)
babsko (augmentative)
babisko (augmentative)
baba (nominative singular)
baby (nominative plural)
baby (genitive singular)
bab (genitive plural)
babie (dative singular)
babom (dative plural)
babę (accusative singular)
baby (accusative plural)
babą (instrumental singular)
babami (instrumental plural)
babie (locative singular)
babach (locative plural)
babo (singular vocative)
baby (plural vocative)

nie miała baba kłopotu, kupiła sobie prosię

(derogatory) pansy, big girl's blouse (male of weak or cowardly character)

(obsolete) rag on a stick or pole for sweeping


baba

baba (nominative singular)
babowie (nominative plural)
baby (genitive singular)
babów (genitive plural)
babie (dative singular)
babom (dative plural)
babę (accusative singular)
babów (accusative plural)
babą (instrumental singular)
babami (instrumental plural)
babie (locative singular)
babach (locative plural)
babo (singular vocative)
babowie (plural vocative)

(Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism) baba (holy man, a spiritual leader)


dok

dok (nominative singular)
doki (nominative plural)
doku (genitive singular)
doków (genitive plural)
dokowi (dative singular)
dokom (dative plural)
dok (accusative singular)
doki (accusative plural)
dokiem (instrumental singular)
dokami (instrumental plural)
doku (locative singular)
dokach (locative plural)
doku (singular vocative)
doki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English dock, from Dutch dok or Middle Low German docke, from Middle Dutch docke, possibly from Medieval Latin ducta, from Latin dūcō.

(nautical) dock (fixed structure to which a vessel is secured)


Bangkok

Bangkok (nominative singular)
Bangkoku (genitive singular)
Bangkokowi (dative singular)
Bangkok (accusative singular)
Bangkokiem (instrumental singular)
Bangkoku (locative singular)
Bangkoku (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Thai บางกอก (baang-gɔ̀ɔk).

Bangkok (the capital and largest city of Thailand)


Barcelona

Barcelona (nominative singular)
Barcelony (genitive singular)
Barcelonie (dative singular)
Barcelonę (accusative singular)
Barceloną (instrumental singular)
Barcelonie (locative singular)
Barcelono (singular vocative)

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain)

Barcelona (a province of Catalonia, Spain)


Belfast

Belfast (nominative singular)
Belfastu (genitive singular)
Belfastowi (dative singular)
Belfast (accusative singular)
Belfastem (instrumental singular)
Belfaście (locative singular)
Belfaście (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Belfast, from Irish Béal Feirste.

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

Belfast (the capital city of Northern Ireland)


Berlin

pl-proper noun

Berlin m inan (related adjective berliński)

berliński (adjective)
Berlin (nominative singular)
Berlina (genitive singular)
Berlinowi (dative singular)
Berlin (accusative singular)
Berlinem (instrumental singular)
Berlinie (locative singular)
Berlinie (singular vocative)

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)

Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

Badenia-Wirtembergia · Bawaria · Brandenburgia · Hesja · Dolna Saksonia · Meklemburgia-Pomorze Przednie · Nadrenia Północna-Westfalia · Nadrenia-Palatynat · Saara · Saksonia · Saksonia-Anhalt · Szlezwik-Holsztyn · Turyngia


Caracas

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish Caracas.


Dublin

Dublin (nominative singular)
Dublina (genitive singular)
Dublinu (genitive singular)
Dublinowi (dative singular)
Dublin (accusative singular)
Dublinem (instrumental singular)
Dublinie (locative singular)
Dublinie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Dublin, from Middle Irish Dublind, from dub + lind.

Dublin (a traditional county of Ireland)


Helsinki

pl-prop

Helsinki nvir pl (related adjective helsiński)

helsiński (adjective)
Helsinki (nominative plural)
Helsinek (genitive plural)
Helsinkom (dative plural)
Helsinki (accusative plural)
Helsinkami (instrumental plural)
Helsinkach (locative plural)
Helsinki (plural vocative)

Helsinki (the capital and largest city of Finland)

Helsinki (the capital and largest city of Uusimaa, Finland)


Honolulu

Honolulu (a city, the state capital of Hawaii, United States)


zoo

(zoology) nature preserve, zoo, zoological garden, zoological park


Kabul

Kabul (nominative singular)
Kabulu (genitive singular)
Kabulowi (dative singular)
Kabul (accusative singular)
Kabulem (instrumental singular)
Kabulu (locative singular)
Kabulu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Classical Persian کابل (kābul).


La Paz

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish La Paz.

La Paz (the capital and largest city of Bolivia)


Lhasa

Lhasa (nominative singular)
Lhasy (genitive singular)
Lhasie (dative singular)
Lhasę (accusative singular)
Lhasą (instrumental singular)
Lhasie (locative singular)
Lhaso (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Tibetan ལྷ་ས (lha sa), from Old Tibetan ར་ས (ra sa).

Lhasa (the capital city of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


Liguria

pl-prop

Liguria f (related adjective liguryjski)

liguryjski (adjective)
Liguria (nominative singular)
Ligurii (genitive singular)
Ligurii (dative singular)
Ligurię (accusative singular)
Ligurią (instrumental singular)
Ligurii (locative singular)
Ligurio (singular vocative)

From Latin Liguria, from Ancient Greek Λίγυς (Lígus).

Liguria (an administrative region of northwest Italy)


Liverpool

Liverpool m inan (related adjective liverpoolski)

liverpoolski (adjective)
Liverpool (nominative singular)
Liverpoolu (genitive singular)
Liverpoolowi (dative singular)
Liverpool (accusative singular)
Liverpoolem (instrumental singular)
Liverpoolu (locative singular)
Liverpoolu (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Liverpool.

ubor

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Liverpool (a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England)

Liverpool (a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)

Liverpool (a community of Nova Scotia, Canada)

Liverpool (a village in Fulton County, Illinois, United States)

Liverpool (a neighbourhood of Lake Station, on the site of Liverpool, a former town in Lake County, Indiana)

Liverpool (a village in Onondaga County, New York, United States)

Liverpool (a borough of Perry County, Pennsylvania, United States)

Liverpool (a small city in Brazoria County, Texas, United States)


Los Angeles

Unadapted borrowing from English Los Angeles.

Los Angeles (a city in California, United States)


Lusaka

pl-prop

Lusaka f (related adjective lusakijski or lusacki)

lusakijski (adjective)
lusacki (adjective)
Lusaka (nominative singular)
Lusaki (genitive singular)
Lusace (dative singular)
Lusakę (accusative singular)
Lusaką (instrumental singular)
Lusace (locative singular)
Lusako (singular vocative)


Maine

Unadapted borrowing from English Maine, from French Maine, from Old French Cemaine, from Latin *Cenomania, from the name of the Gaulish Cenomani tribe of Gallia Celtica.


Maine

Borrowed from French Maine, from Old French Cemaine, from Latin *Cenomania, from the name of the Gaulish Cenomani tribe of Gallia Celtica.

A province in northwest France. Capital: Le Mans


Manila

manilski (adjective)
Manila (nominative singular)
Manili (genitive singular)
Manili (dative singular)
Manilę (accusative singular)
Manilą (instrumental singular)
Manili (locative singular)
Manilo (singular vocative)

Manila (the capital city of the Philippines)


Mantua

pl-proper noun

Mantua f (related adjective mantuański, demonym mantuańczyk, female demonym mantuanka)

mantuański (adjective)
mantuańczyk (demonym)
mantuanka (demonym feminine)
Mantua (nominative singular)
Mantui (genitive singular)
Mantui (dative singular)
Mantuę (accusative singular)
Mantuą (instrumental singular)
Mantui (locative singular)
Mantuo (singular vocative)

Mantua (a city and province of Lombardy, Italy)


Montevideo

Montevideo (the capital city of Uruguay)


Nairobi

pl-prop

Nairobi n (indeclinable, related adjective najrobijski)


Nassau

Borrowed from English Nassau, from German Nassau, from nass.

Nassau (the capital city of the Bahamas)


Oslo

Oslo n (indeclinable, related adjective oslowski)

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital and largest city of Norway)


Oxford

Oxford (nominative singular)
Oxfordu (genitive singular)
Oxfordowi (dative singular)
Oxford (accusative singular)
Oxfordem (instrumental singular)
Oxfordzie (locative singular)
Oxfordzie (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Oxford, from Middle English Oxenford, Oxneford, from Old English Oxnaford.

Oxford (a number of other places in the United Kingdom)

Oxford (a number of other places in the United States)


Palermo

Borrowed from Italian Palermo, from Sicilian Palermu, from Arabic بَلَرْم (balarm), from Latin Panormus, from Ancient Greek Πάνορμος (Pánormos), from πᾰν- (păn-) + ὅρμος (hórmos).


San Francisco

Borrowed from English San Francisco, from Spanish San Francisco.

San Francisco (a city in California, United States)


Stuttgart

Stuttgart m inan (related adjective stuttgarcki)

stuttgarcki (adjective)
Stuttgart (nominative singular)
Stuttgartu (genitive singular)
Stuttgartowi (dative singular)
Stuttgart (accusative singular)
Stuttgartem (instrumental singular)
Stuttgarcie (locative singular)
Stuttgarcie (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from German Stuttgart.

ubor

Stuttgart (the capital and largest city of Baden-Württemberg, Germany)


Surinam

pl-prop

Surinam m inan (related adjective surinamski)

surinamski (adjective)
Surinam (nominative singular)
Surinamu (genitive singular)
Surinamowi (dative singular)
Surinam (accusative singular)
Surinamem (instrumental singular)
Surinamie (locative singular)
Surinamie (singular vocative)


Johannesburg

Johannesburg m inan (related adjective johannesburski)

johannesburski (adjective)
Johannesburg (nominative singular)
Johannesburga (genitive singular)
Johannesburgowi (dative singular)
Johannesburg (accusative singular)
Johannesburgiem (instrumental singular)
Johannesburgu (locative singular)
Johannesburgu (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Afrikaans Johannesburg.


Oran

orański (adjective)
Oran (nominative singular)
Oranu (genitive singular)
Oranowi (dative singular)
Oran (accusative singular)
Oranem (instrumental singular)
Oranie (locative singular)
Oranie (singular vocative)


Hamburg

hamburski (adjective)
Hamburg (nominative singular)
Hamburga (genitive singular)
Hamburgowi (dative singular)
Hamburg (accusative singular)
Hamburgiem (instrumental singular)
Hamburgu (locative singular)
Hamburgu (singular vocative)


Hanoi

Borrowed from Vietnamese Hà Nội, from Chinese 河內 /河内 (Hénèi).


Tirana

Tirana (nominative singular)
Tirany (genitive singular)
Tiranie (dative singular)
Tiranę (accusative singular)
Tiraną (instrumental singular)
Tiranie (locative singular)
Tirano (singular vocative)

Tirana (a municipality, the capital and largest city of Albania, located in the center of the country west of the mountain of Dajti on the plain of Tirana; it is the seat of its eponymous county and municipality)


Tunis

Tunis (nominative singular)
Tunisu (genitive singular)
Tunisowi (dative singular)
Tunis (accusative singular)
Tunisem (instrumental singular)
Tunisie (locative singular)
Tunisie (singular vocative)

Tunis (The capital city, since 1159, and largest city of Tunisia)


Wellington

Wellington (nominative singular)
Wellingtonu (genitive singular)
Wellingtonowi (dative singular)
Wellington (accusative singular)
Wellingtonem (instrumental singular)
Wellingtonie (locative singular)
Wellingtonie (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Wellington.

Wellington (the capital city of New Zealand)


Zanzibar

Zanzibar (nominative singular)
Zanzibaru (genitive singular)
Zanzibarowi (dative singular)
Zanzibar (accusative singular)
Zanzibarem (instrumental singular)
Zanzibarze (locative singular)
Zanzibarze (singular vocative)


Salzburg

pl-proper noun

Salzburg m inan (related adjective salcburski)

salcburski (adjective)
Salzburg (nominative singular)
Salzburgu (genitive singular)
Salzburgowi (dative singular)
Salzburg (accusative singular)
Salzburgiem (instrumental singular)
Salzburgu (locative singular)
Salzburgu (singular vocative)


Apulia

pl-prop

Apulia f (related adjective apulijski or apulski)

apulijski (adjective)
apulski (adjective)
Apulia (nominative singular)
Apulii (genitive singular)
Apulii (dative singular)
Apulię (accusative singular)
Apulią (instrumental singular)
Apulii (locative singular)
Apulio (singular vocative)

Apulia (a peninsula and administrative region in southern Italy)


Basilicata

Basilicata (nominative singular)
Basilicaty (genitive singular)
Basilicacie (dative singular)
Basilicatę (accusative singular)
Basilicatą (instrumental singular)
Basilicacie (locative singular)
Basilicato (singular vocative)

Basilicata (an administrative region of southern Italy)


Umbria

umbryjski (adjective)
Umbria (nominative singular)
Umbrii (genitive singular)
Umbrii (dative singular)
Umbrię (accusative singular)
Umbrią (instrumental singular)
Umbrii (locative singular)
Umbrio (singular vocative)

Umbria (an administrative region in central Italy)


Bergamo

Borrowed from Italian Bergamo, from Latin Bergomum.

Bergamo (a city and province of Lombardy, Italy)


Brescia

Brescia f (related adjective bresciański)

bresciański (adjective)
Brescia (nominative singular)
Brescii (genitive singular)
Brescii (dative singular)
Brescię (accusative singular)
Brescią (instrumental singular)
Brescii (locative singular)
Brescio (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Italian Brescia.

ubor

Brescia (the capital and largest city of Brescia province, Lombardy, Italy)


pole

pl-noun

pole n (diminutive pólko or poletko, related adjective polny)

pólko (diminutive)
poletko (diminutive)
polny (adjective)
pole (nominative singular)
pola (nominative plural)
pola (genitive singular)
pól (genitive plural)
polu (dative singular)
polom (dative plural)
pole (accusative singular)
pola (accusative plural)
polem (instrumental singular)
polami (instrumental plural)
polu (locative singular)
polach (locative plural)
pole (singular vocative)
pola (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish pole. Doublet of polje.

(obsolete, anatomy) group of nerve cells located close to each other in the central nervous system and performing the same function


Macerata

Macerata (a town and province of Marche, Italy)


Lesbos

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Λέσβος (Lésbos).

lbor

Lesbos (an island and regional unit of the North Aegean region, Greece)


Coventry

Unadapted borrowing from English Coventry.

ubor

Coventry (an industrial city in central England, United Kingdom)


Hainaut

Unadapted borrowing from French Hainaut.


Montana

Montana (nominative singular)
Montany (genitive singular)
Montanie (dative singular)
Montanę (accusative singular)
Montaną (instrumental singular)
Montanie (locative singular)
Montano (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Montana, from Spanish montaña (“mountain”), from Old Spanish montanna, from Medieval Latin montāna, from the feminine of Latin montānus, from mōns (“mountain”), from Proto-Indo-European *men-.


Sofia

Sofia (nominative singular)
Sofii (genitive singular)
Sofii (dative singular)
Sofię (accusative singular)
Sofią (instrumental singular)
Sofii (locative singular)
Sofio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Bulgarian Со́фия (Sófija).


Espoo

Espoo (a city and municipality of Uusimaa, Finland)


Oulu

North Ostrobothnia
North Ostrobothnia#English

Oulu (the capital city and municipality of North Ostrobothnia, Finland)


Turku

Unadapted borrowing from Finnish Turku. Doublet of targ.

Southwest Finland
Southwest Finland#English

Turku (a city in Southwest Finland, Finland)


Tampere

Unadapted borrowing from Finnish Tampere.


cent

pl-noun

cent m animal (diminutive cencik, related adjective centowy)

cencik (diminutive)
centowy (adjective)
cent (nominative singular)
centy (nominative plural)
centa (genitive singular)
centów (genitive plural)
centowi (dative singular)
centom (dative plural)
centa (accusative singular)
centy (accusative plural)
centem (instrumental singular)
centami (instrumental plural)
cencie (locative singular)
centach (locative plural)
cencie (singular vocative)
centy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English cent, French cent, German Cent, ultimately from Latin centum. Doublet of sto.

cent (subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the main unit of currency in many countries; symbol: ¢)


Iraklion

Iraklion (nominative singular)
Iraklionu (genitive singular)
Iraklionowi (dative singular)
Iraklion (accusative singular)
Iraklionem (instrumental singular)
Iraklionie (locative singular)
Iraklionie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Greek Ηράκλειο (Irákleio). Doublet of Heraklejon and Heraklion.

Iraklion (the capital and largest city of Crete, Greece)

Iraklion (a regional unit of Crete, Greece)


Heraklion

Heraklion (nominative singular)
Heraklionu (genitive singular)
Heraklionowi (dative singular)
Heraklion (accusative singular)
Heraklionem (instrumental singular)
Heraklionie (locative singular)
Heraklionie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Greek Ηράκλειο (Irákleio). Doublet of Heraklejon and Iraklion.


Nuuk

pl-prop

Nuuk m inan (indeclinable, related adjective nukijski)

Nuuk (the capital and largest city of Greenland)


Polska

Polska (nominative singular)
Polski (genitive singular)
Polsce (dative singular)
Polskę (accusative singular)
Polską (instrumental singular)
Polsce (locative singular)
Polsko (singular vocative)

→ Czech: Polsko

→ Kashubian: Pòlskô

→ Lower Sorbian: Pólska

→ Carpathian Rusyn: По́льско (Pólʹsko)

→ Silesian: Polsko

→ Slovak: Poľsko

→ Upper Sorbian: Pólska

Inherited from Old Polish Polska, an ellipsis of ziemia Polska.

Rzeczpospolita Polska
Rzeczpospolita Polska#Polish

Poland (a country in Central Europe; official name: Rzeczpospolita Polska)

musi to na Rusi, a w Polsce jak kto chce


Reykjavik

Reykjavik m inan (related adjective reykjavicki)

reykjavicki (adjective)
Reykjavik (nominative singular)
Reykjaviku (genitive singular)
Reykjavikowi (dative singular)
Reykjavik (accusative singular)
Reykjavikiem (instrumental singular)
Reykjaviku (locative singular)
Reykjaviku (singular vocative)

(dated) Reykjavík (the capital and largest city of Iceland)


Reykjavík

Reykjavík m inan (related adjective reykjavícki)

reykjavícki (adjective)
Reykjavík (nominative singular)
Reykjavíku (genitive singular)
Reykjavíkowi (dative singular)
Reykjavík (accusative singular)
Reykjavíkiem (instrumental singular)
Reykjavíku (locative singular)
Reykjavíku (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Icelandic Reykjavík.


Skopje

Borrowed from Macedonian Скопје (Skopje).

bor+

Skopje (the capital city of North Macedonia)


Vaduz

Vaduz (a town and municipality, the capital of Liechtenstein)


Valletta

Valletta (nominative singular)
Valletty (genitive singular)
Valletcie (dative singular)
Vallettę (accusative singular)
Vallettą (instrumental singular)
Valletcie (locative singular)
Valletto (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Maltese Valletta.


Flevoland

Flevoland (a province of the Netherlands)


Groningen

Groningen (a city and capital of Groningen, Netherlands)

Groningen (a province of the Netherlands)


Overijssel

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch Overijssel.

Overijssel (a province of the Netherlands)


Utrecht

Utrecht (nominative singular)
Utrechtu (genitive singular)
Utrechtowi (dative singular)
Utrecht (accusative singular)
Utrechtem (instrumental singular)
Utrechcie (locative singular)
Utrechcie (singular vocative)

Utrecht (a city and capital of Utrecht, Netherlands)


język

pl-noun

język m inan (diminutive języczek, augmentative jęzor, related adjective językowy, abbreviation j. or jęz.)

języczek (diminutive)
jęzor (augmentative)
językowy (adjective)
j. (abbreviation)
jęz. (abbreviation)
język (nominative singular)
języki (nominative plural)
języka (genitive singular)
języków (genitive plural)
językowi (dative singular)
językom (dative plural)
język (accusative singular)
języki (accusative plural)
językiem (instrumental singular)
językami (instrumental plural)
języku (locative singular)
językach (locative plural)
języku (singular vocative)
języki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish język. Cognate with English tongue and language.

language, tongue (body of words, and set of methods of combining them (called a grammar), understood by a community and used as a form of communication)

language (sublanguage: the slang of a particular community or jargon of a particular specialist field)

(Middle Polish) defender (person speaking in favor of someone's name)


pudding

pudding (nominative singular)
puddingi (nominative plural)
puddingu (genitive singular)
puddingów (genitive plural)
puddingowi (dative singular)
puddingom (dative plural)
pudding (accusative singular)
puddingi (accusative plural)
puddingiem (instrumental singular)
puddingami (instrumental plural)
puddingu (locative singular)
puddingach (locative plural)
puddingu (singular vocative)
puddingi (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English pudding. Doublet of budyń.

ubor

pudding (type of cake or dessert cooked usually by boiling or steaming)


Egipt

pl-proper noun

Egipt m inan (related adjective egipski)

egipski (adjective)
Egipt (nominative singular)
Egipty (nominative plural)
Egiptu (genitive singular)
Egiptów (genitive plural)
Egiptowi (dative singular)
Egiptom (dative plural)
Egipt (accusative singular)
Egipty (accusative plural)
Egiptem (instrumental singular)
Egiptami (instrumental plural)
Egipcie (locative singular)
Egiptach (locative plural)
Egipcie (singular vocative)
Egipty (plural vocative)

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


zona

zona (nominative singular)
zony (nominative plural)
zony (genitive singular)
zon (genitive plural)
zonie (dative singular)
zonom (dative plural)
zonę (accusative singular)
zony (accusative plural)
zoną (instrumental singular)
zonami (instrumental plural)
zonie (locative singular)
zonach (locative plural)
zono (singular vocative)
zony (plural vocative)

(geography) zone (area separated from a larger area)


Phnom Penh

pl-prop

Phnom Penh n (indeclinable, related adjective phnompeński)

Phnom Penh (the capital city of Cambodia)


tartan

tartan (nominative singular)
tartany (nominative plural)
tartanu (genitive singular)
tartanów (genitive plural)
tartanowi (dative singular)
tartanom (dative plural)
tartan (accusative singular)
tartany (accusative plural)
tartanem (instrumental singular)
tartanami (instrumental plural)
tartanie (locative singular)
tartanach (locative plural)
tartanie (singular vocative)
tartany (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English tartan, from Middle English tartaryn, from Middle French tartarin, tiretaine, from Old French tiret, from tire, from Medieval Latin tyrius, from Latin Tyrus, from Ancient Greek Τύρος (Túros), from Phoenician 𐤑𐤅𐤓 (ṣwr).

tartan (woollen cloth with a distinctive pattern of intersecting orthogonal coloured stripes, associated with Scottish Highlanders)

(athletics) tartan track (all-weather synthetic track surfacing made of polyurethane used for track and field competitions)

(athletics, colloquial) tartan track (stadium or running track covered with such material)


Leningrad

Leningrad (nominative singular)
Leningradu (genitive singular)
Leningradowi (dative singular)
Leningrad (accusative singular)
Leningradem (instrumental singular)
Leningradzie (locative singular)
Leningradzie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Ленингра́д (Leningrád), from Ле́нин (Lénin, “Lenin”) + град (grad, “city”).

bor+

(historical) Leningrad (a major city in Russia), now Saint Petersburg


Gdańsk

pl-prop

Gdańsk m inan (related adjective gdański, demonym gdańszczanin, female demonym gdańszczanka)

gdański (adjective)
gdańszczanin (demonym)
gdańszczanka (demonym feminine)
Gdańsk (nominative singular)
Gdańska (genitive singular)
Gdańskowi (dative singular)
Gdańsk (accusative singular)
Gdańskiem (instrumental singular)
Gdańsku (locative singular)
Gdańsku (singular vocative)

→ Czech: Gdaňsk

→ English: Gdańsk

→ Latin: Gedānum

→ Russian: Гданьск (Gdanʹsk)

→ Belarusian: Гданьск (Hdanʹsk)

→ Ukrainian: Гданськ (Hdansʹk)

→ Ukrainian: Ґданськ (Gdansʹk)

Disputed. Per Vasmer, derived from Gothic *𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 (*gutans, “Goths”). Eckblom rejects this, and many various etymologists suggest a native Proto-Slavic stem of *gъd- (“wet, damp”) and point to place names such as Gdynia and Gdecz (modern Giecz) as further reflexes of that stem. Others still suggest a Proto-Baltic stem of *gud-, with Baltic reflexes including Old Prussian gudde (“forest”), gudas (“Belarusian: person speaking a foreign language”) or Lithuanian gudkarklis (“damp pasture”), gudobelė (“hawthorn”). Many etymologists support the Proto-Baltic origin, with an original stem of *Gud- + *-an + *-isk ("place of the forest people").

unc

Disputed

der+

Pomeranian Voivodeship
Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

Gdańsk (the capital city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)

Kazimierz Rymut
pl:Barbara Czopek-Kopciuch
pl:Nazwy miejscowe Polski


Kraków

pl-prop

Kraków m inan (related adjective krakowski)

krakowski (adjective)
Kraków (nominative singular)
Krakowa (genitive singular)
Krakowowi (dative singular)
Kraków (accusative singular)
Krakowem (instrumental singular)
Krakowie (locative singular)
Krakowie (singular vocative)

→ Belarusian: Кра́каў (Krákaŭ)

→ Czech: Krakov

desc

→ English: Cracov, Cracow, Krakau, Krakow, Kraków

→ Esperanto: Krakovo

→ Finnish: Krakova

desctree

→ German: Krakau
→ Dutch: Krakau
→ Icelandic: Kraká

→ Kashubian: Krakòwò

→ Latin: Cracōvia

→ Latvian: Krakova

→ Lithuanian: Krokuva

→ Russian: Кра́ков (Krákov)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Krakov

→ Slovak: Krakov

→ Slovene: Krakov

→ Ukrainian: Кра́ків (Krákiv)

Uncertain. Traditionally derived from Krak + -ów, from the city's legendary founder Krak.

Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Lesser Poland Voivodeship#English

Cracow (the capital and largest city of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


ocean

pl-noun

ocean m inan (related adjective oceaniczny or oceanowy)

oceaniczny (adjective)
oceanowy (adjective)
ocean (nominative singular)
oceany (nominative plural)
oceanu (genitive singular)
oceanów (genitive plural)
oceanowi (dative singular)
oceanom (dative plural)
ocean (accusative singular)
oceany (accusative plural)
oceanem (instrumental singular)
oceanami (instrumental plural)
oceanie (locative singular)
oceanach (locative plural)
oceanie (singular vocative)
oceany (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Ōceanus. Doublet of Okeanos.

ocean (one of the large bodies of water separating the continents)


Cambridge

Unadapted borrowing from English Cambridge, from Middle English Cantebrigge, Grentebrige, from Old English Grante bryċġ, Granta-briċġ, Grantanbryċġ.

der

Cambridge (a city in Cambridgeshire, England)

Cambridge (a number of other places in the United Kingdom)

Cambridge (a number of other places in the United States)


Afar

Afar (nominative singular)
Afaru (genitive singular)
Afarowi (dative singular)
Afar (accusative singular)
Afarem (instrumental singular)
Afarze (locative singular)
Afarze (singular vocative)


Strasburg

Strasburg (nominative singular)
Strasburga (genitive singular)
Strasburgowi (dative singular)
Strasburg (accusative singular)
Strasburgiem (instrumental singular)
Strasburgu (locative singular)
Strasburgu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French Strasbourg, from Middle High German Strāzburc.

Strasbourg (the capital city of the Bas-Rhin department, France; capital city of the region of Grand Est)


Kongo

kongijski (adjective)
Kongo (nominative singular)
Konga (genitive singular)
Kongu (dative singular)
Kongo (accusative singular)
Kongiem (instrumental singular)
Kongu (locative singular)
Kongo (singular vocative)

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo

Congo (a country in Central Africa, smaller and to the west of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)

Congo (a large river in Africa, which flows for about 4,380 km (2,720 miles) to the Atlantic Ocean in the Democratic Republic of Congo)


Belgia

Belgia (nominative singular)
Belgie (nominative plural)
Belgii (genitive singular)
Belgii (genitive plural)
Belgii (dative singular)
Belgiom (dative plural)
Belgię (accusative singular)
Belgie (accusative plural)
Belgią (instrumental singular)
Belgiami (instrumental plural)
Belgii (locative singular)
Belgiach (locative plural)
Belgio (singular vocative)
Belgie (plural vocative)

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Ruanda

Ruanda (nominative singular)
Ruandy (genitive singular)
Ruandzie (dative singular)
Ruandę (accusative singular)
Ruandą (instrumental singular)
Ruandzie (locative singular)
Ruando (singular vocative)


Anglia

Anglia (nominative singular)
Anglii (genitive singular)
Anglii (dative singular)
Anglię (accusative singular)
Anglią (instrumental singular)
Anglii (locative singular)
Anglio (singular vocative)

England (a constituent country of the United Kingdom in Europe)


Bloemfontein

Unadapted borrowing from Afrikaans Bloemfontein.

ubor

Bloemfontein (a city, the judicial capital of South Africa)


sad

pl-noun

sad m inan (diminutive sadek, related adjective sadowy)

sadek (diminutive)
sadowy (adjective)
sad (nominative singular)
sady (nominative plural)
sadu (genitive singular)
sadów (genitive plural)
sadowi (dative singular)
sadom (dative plural)
sad (accusative singular)
sady (accusative plural)
sadem (instrumental singular)
sadami (instrumental plural)
sadzie (locative singular)
sadach (locative plural)
sadzie (singular vocative)
sady (plural vocative)

(agriculture, horticulture) orchard (land for cultivation of fruit or nut trees)


lord

lord (nominative singular)
lordowie (nominative plural)
lorda (genitive singular)
lordów (genitive plural)
lordowi (dative singular)
lordom (dative plural)
lorda (accusative singular)
lordów (accusative plural)
lordem (instrumental singular)
lordami (instrumental plural)
lordzie (locative singular)
lordach (locative plural)
lordzie (singular vocative)
lordowie (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English lord, from Middle English lord and lorde, from lourde, from lowerd, louerd, loverd, laford, lhoaverd, from Old English hlāford, from hlāfweard.


Jura

Jura (nominative singular)
Jury (genitive singular)
Jurze (dative singular)
Jurę (accusative singular)
Jurą (instrumental singular)
Jurze (locative singular)
Juro (singular vocative)

Jura (a department of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France)

Jura (an island in the Inner Hebrides, Scotland)

Jura (a mountain range in France and Switzerland)


Italia

Italia (nominative singular)
Italii (genitive singular)
Italii (dative singular)
Italię (accusative singular)
Italią (instrumental singular)
Italii (locative singular)
Italio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Ī̆talia, from Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā), from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú).

(literary) Italy (a country in Southern Europe)


Minnesota

Minnesota (nominative singular)
Minnesoty (genitive singular)
Minnesocie (dative singular)
Minnesotę (accusative singular)
Minnesotą (instrumental singular)
Minnesocie (locative singular)
Minnesoto (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Minnesota, from Lakota mní sóta (literally “cloudy water”).

der

Minnesota (a state of the United States)

Minnesota (a river in the United States)


stan

st. (abbreviation)
stan (nominative singular)
stany (nominative plural)
stanu (genitive singular)
stanów (genitive plural)
stanowi (dative singular)
stanom (dative plural)
stan (accusative singular)
stany (accusative plural)
stanem (instrumental singular)
stanami (instrumental plural)
stanie (locative singular)
stanach (locative plural)
stanie (singular vocative)
stany (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish stan. Sense 1, sense 2 and sense 10 are semantic loans from Latin status.

sl

state (a condition; a set of circumstances applying at any given time)

(politics) state (political division of a federation retaining a notable degree of autonomy, as in the United States, Mexico, Nigeria, or India)


falafel

falafel m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
falafel (nominative singular)
falafele (nominative plural)
falafle (nominative plural)
falafela (genitive singular)
falafla (genitive singular)
falafelów (genitive plural)
falaflów (genitive plural)
falafeli (genitive plural)
falafli (genitive plural)
falafelowi (dative singular)
falaflowi (dative singular)
falafelom (dative plural)
falaflom (dative plural)
falafel (accusative singular)
falafela (accusative singular)
falafla (accusative singular)
falafele (accusative plural)
falafle (accusative plural)
falafelem (instrumental singular)
falaflem (instrumental singular)
falafelami (instrumental plural)
falaflami (instrumental plural)
falafelu (locative singular)
falaflu (locative singular)
falafelach (locative plural)
falaflach (locative plural)
falafelu (singular vocative)
falaflu (singular vocative)
falafele (plural vocative)
falafle (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English falafel, French falafel, German Falafel, ultimately from Arabic فَلَافِل (falāfil).

falafel (Middle Eastern food in the form of balls made from chickpeas or broad beans and other ingredients, often served in a pita)


Odessa

odeski (adjective)
Odessa (nominative singular)
Odessy (genitive singular)
Odessie (dative singular)
Odessę (accusative singular)
Odessą (instrumental singular)
Odessie (locative singular)
Odesso (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Оде́сса (Odéssa), named after an Ancient Greek settlement thought to have been located nearby, from Ancient Greek Ὀδησσός (Odēssós).

Odessa (a city, the administrative center of Odessa Oblast, Ukraine)


Mount Everest

Mount Everest (nominative singular)
Mount Everestu (genitive singular)
Mount Everestowi (dative singular)
Mount Everest (accusative singular)
Mount Everestem (instrumental singular)
Mount Evereście (locative singular)
Mount Evereście (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Mount Everest.

ubor

Mount Everest (a mountain in Himalayas, the world's highest mountain)


park

park (nominative singular)
parki (nominative plural)
parku (genitive singular)
parków (genitive plural)
parkowi (dative singular)
parkom (dative plural)
park (accusative singular)
parki (accusative plural)
parkiem (instrumental singular)
parkami (instrumental plural)
parku (locative singular)
parkach (locative plural)
parku (singular vocative)
parki (plural vocative)

(obsolete) scent released by goats, deer, or hares during breeding periods


golf

golf (nominative singular)
golfy (nominative plural)
golfa (genitive singular)
golfów (genitive plural)
golfowi (dative singular)
golfom (dative plural)
golfa (accusative singular)
golfy (accusative plural)
golfem (instrumental singular)
golfami (instrumental plural)
golfie (locative singular)
golfach (locative plural)
golfie (singular vocative)
golfy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Volkswagen Golf, a genericized trademark.


Eufrat

Eufrat (nominative singular)
Eufratu (genitive singular)
Eufratowi (dative singular)
Eufrat (accusative singular)
Eufratem (instrumental singular)
Eufracie (locative singular)
Eufracie (singular vocative)


Charon

Charon (nominative singular)
Charoni (nominative plural)
Charony (derogatory nominative plural)
Charona (genitive singular)
Charonów (genitive plural)
Charonowi (dative singular)
Charonom (dative plural)
Charona (accusative singular)
Charonów (accusative plural)
Charonem (instrumental singular)
Charonami (instrumental plural)
Charonie (locative singular)
Charonach (locative plural)
Charonie (singular vocative)
Charoni (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Χάρων (Khárōn).

lbor

(astronomy) Charon (largest of the five moons of Pluto)


strom

strom (nominative singular)
stromy (nominative plural)
stromu (genitive singular)
stromów (genitive plural)
stromowi (dative singular)
stromom (dative plural)
strom (accusative singular)
stromy (accusative plural)
stromem (instrumental singular)
stromami (instrumental plural)
stromie (locative singular)
stromach (locative plural)
stromie (singular vocative)
stromy (plural vocative)


jar

jar (nominative singular)
jary (nominative plural)
jaru (genitive singular)
jarów (genitive plural)
jarowi (dative singular)
jarom (dative plural)
jar (accusative singular)
jary (accusative plural)
jarem (instrumental singular)
jarami (instrumental plural)
jarze (locative singular)
jarach (locative plural)
jarze (singular vocative)
jary (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ukrainian яр (jar), from a Turkic language.


aeroport

aeroport (nominative singular)
aeroporty (nominative plural)
aeroportu (genitive singular)
aeroportów (genitive plural)
aeroportowi (dative singular)
aeroportom (dative plural)
aeroport (accusative singular)
aeroporty (accusative plural)
aeroportem (instrumental singular)
aeroportami (instrumental plural)
aeroporcie (locative singular)
aeroportach (locative plural)
aeroporcie (singular vocative)
aeroporty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French aéroport. By surface analysis, aero- + port. First attested in 1927.


Tbilisi

Borrowed from Russian Тбили́си (Tbilísi), from Georgian თბილისი (tbilisi).


Lombardia

pl-prop

Lombardia f (related adjective lombardzki)

lombardzki (adjective)
Lombardia (nominative singular)
Lombardii (genitive singular)
Lombardii (dative singular)
Lombardię (accusative singular)
Lombardią (instrumental singular)
Lombardii (locative singular)
Lombardio (singular vocative)

Lombardy (an administrative region in northern Italy, where its capital and the largest city Milan is founded in the Po Valley)


Andy

Andy nvir pl (related adjective andyjski)

andyjski (adjective)
Andy (nominative plural)
Andów (genitive plural)
Andom (dative plural)
Andy (accusative plural)
Andami (instrumental plural)
Andach (locative plural)
Andy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English Andes and Spanish Andes.

Andes (a mountain range in South America)


Europa

europejski (adjective)
Europa (nominative singular)
Europy (genitive singular)
Europie (dative singular)
Europę (accusative singular)
Europą (instrumental singular)
Europie (locative singular)
Europo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Eurōpa, from Ancient Greek Εὐρώπη (Eurṓpē).

Europa Północna


Newcastle

Unadapted borrowing from English Newcastle.

ubor

Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne (a large city and metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, in northeastern England)

Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne#English

Newcastle (a large city in New South Wales, Australia)

Newcastle (a large city in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa)

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

Newcastle (The former name of Toodyay, a town in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia)

Newcastle (a community and former village in the town of Drumheller, Alberta, Canada)

Newcastle (an urban neighborhood in the city of Miramichi, New Brunswick, Canada)

Newcastle (an unincorporated community in the municipality of Clarington, Ontario, Canada)

Newcastle (a village in Shropshire, England)

Newcastle, Newcastle-under-Lyme (a large market town in Staffordshire, England)

Newcastle (a townland in Clonfad civil parish, County Westmeath, Ireland)

Newcastle (a townland in Kilcleagh civil parish, County Westmeath, Ireland)

Newcastle (a townland in Lickbla civil parish, County Westmeath, Ireland)

Newcastle (a village in County Tipperary, Ireland)

Newcastle (a village in County Wicklow, Ireland)

Newcastle (a village in South Dublin, Ireland)

Newcastle (a settlement in the Blue Mountains, Jamaica)

Newcastle (a small coastal resort town in County Down, Northern Ireland)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Kitts and Nevis#English

Newcastle (a village on the northern coast of the island of Nevis, Saint Kitts and Nevis)

census-designated place
census-designated place

Newcastle (an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Placer County, California, United States)

Newcastle (a town in Lincoln County, Maine, United States)

Newcastle (a village in Dixon County, Nebraska, United States)

Coshocton County
Coshocton County#English

Newcastle (an unincorporated community in Coshocton County, Ohio, United States)

Newcastle (a city in McClain County, Oklahoma, United States; suburb of Oklahoma City)

Newcastle (a small city in Young County, Texas, United States)

Newcastle (an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Iron County, Utah, United States)

Newcastle (a city in King County, Washington, United States)

Newcastle (a city, the county seat of Weston County, Wyoming, United States)

Newcastle (a small village in Monmouthshire, Wales)

Newcastle (an area and electoral ward in the town of Bridgend, Wales)


erg

erg (nominative singular)
ergi (nominative plural)
ergu (genitive singular)
ergów (genitive plural)
ergowi (dative singular)
ergom (dative plural)
erg (accusative singular)
ergi (accusative plural)
ergiem (instrumental singular)
ergami (instrumental plural)
ergu (locative singular)
ergach (locative plural)
ergu (singular vocative)
ergi (plural vocative)


raj

raj (nominative singular)
raje (nominative plural)
raju (genitive singular)
rajów (genitive plural)
rajowi (dative singular)
rajom (dative plural)
raj (accusative singular)
raje (accusative plural)
rajem (instrumental singular)
rajami (instrumental plural)
raju (locative singular)
rajach (locative plural)
raju (singular vocative)
raje (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rajь. Doublet of rebus.

wrota raju

istny raj

raj utracony

wygnanie z raju

raje podatkowe


meander

pl-noun

meander m inan (related adjective meandrowy)

meandrowy (adjective)
meander (nominative singular)
meandry (nominative plural)
meandra (genitive singular)
meandrów (genitive plural)
meandrowi (dative singular)
meandrom (dative plural)
meander (accusative singular)
meandry (accusative plural)
meandrem (instrumental singular)
meandrami (instrumental plural)
meandrze (locative singular)
meandrach (locative plural)
meandrze (singular vocative)
meandry (plural vocative)

meander (one of a series of regular sinuous curves, bends, loops, turns, or windings in the channel of a river, stream, or other watercourse)


Oregon

Oregon (nominative singular)
Oregonu (genitive singular)
Oregonowi (dative singular)
Oregon (accusative singular)
Oregonem (instrumental singular)
Oregonie (locative singular)
Oregonie (singular vocative)


New Jersey

Unadapted borrowing from English New Jersey.

ubor

New Jersey (a state of the United States)


Bristol

pl-prop

Bristol m inan (related adjective bristolski)

bristolski (adjective)
Bristol (nominative singular)
Bristolu (genitive singular)
Bristolowi (dative singular)
Bristol (accusative singular)
Bristolem (instrumental singular)
Bristolu (locative singular)
Bristolu (singular vocative)

Bristol (a city, county, and unitary authority in southwest England)


laguna

laguna (nominative singular)
laguny (nominative plural)
laguny (genitive singular)
lagun (genitive plural)
lagunie (dative singular)
lagunom (dative plural)
lagunę (accusative singular)
laguny (accusative plural)
laguną (instrumental singular)
lagunami (instrumental plural)
lagunie (locative singular)
lagunach (locative plural)
laguno (singular vocative)
laguny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian laguna, from Latin lacūna.


Oklahoma

Oklahoma (nominative singular)
Oklahomy (genitive singular)
Oklahomie (dative singular)
Oklahomę (accusative singular)
Oklahomą (instrumental singular)
Oklahomie (locative singular)
Oklahomo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Oklahoma, from Choctaw okla (“people”) + homa (“red”).


Gibraltar

Gibraltar m inan (related adjective gibraltarski)

gibraltarski (adjective)
Gibraltar (nominative singular)
Gibraltaru (genitive singular)
Gibraltarowi (dative singular)
Gibraltar (accusative singular)
Gibraltarem (instrumental singular)
Gibraltarze (locative singular)
Gibraltarze (singular vocative)

Gibraltar (a peninsula, city, and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, at the southern end of Iberia)

Gibraltar (a strait connecting the Mediterranean to the Atlantic between Gibraltar and Morocco)


Kijów

Kijów m inan (related adjective kijowski, demonym kijowianin, female demonym kijowianka)

kijowski (adjective)
kijowianin (demonym)
kijowianka (demonym feminine)
Kijów (nominative singular)
Kijowy (nominative plural)
Kijowa (genitive singular)
Kijowów (genitive plural)
Kijowowi (dative singular)
Kijowu (dative singular)
Kijowom (dative plural)
Kijów (accusative singular)
Kijowy (accusative plural)
Kijowem (instrumental singular)
Kijowami (instrumental plural)
Kijowie (locative singular)
Kijowach (locative plural)
Kijowie (singular vocative)
Kijowy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic Кꙑевъ (Kyjevŭ).

bor+

Kyiv, Kiev (the capital and largest city of Ukraine)


Alaska

Alaska (nominative singular)
Alaski (genitive singular)
Alasce (dative singular)
Alaskę (accusative singular)
Alaską (instrumental singular)
Alasce (locative singular)
Alasko (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Alaska, from Aleut alaxsxaq.

Mieszkam na Alasce.


Arizona

Arizona (nominative singular)
Arizony (genitive singular)
Arizonie (dative singular)
Arizonę (accusative singular)
Arizoną (instrumental singular)
Arizonie (locative singular)
Arizono (singular vocative)


rum

rum (nominative singular)
rumy (nominative plural)
rumu (genitive singular)
rumów (genitive plural)
rumowi (dative singular)
rumom (dative plural)
rum (accusative singular)
rumy (accusative plural)
rumem (instrumental singular)
rumami (instrumental plural)
rumie (locative singular)
rumach (locative plural)
rumie (singular vocative)
rumy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle High German rūm, roum, from Old High German rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.

(archaic, geology) broken debris, rock crumbs


Irak

Irak (nominative singular)
Iraku (genitive singular)
Irakowi (dative singular)
Irak (accusative singular)
Irakiem (instrumental singular)
Iraku (locative singular)
Iraku (singular vocative)

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Kansas

Borrowed from English Kansas, from a Siouan ethnonym cognate to Kansa.


spa

spa (beauty treatments designed to moisturise and nourish the skin; also: cosmetics used for such treatments)

spa (health resort near a mineral spring or hot spring)


spa

(postpositive) spa (beauty treatments designed to moisturise and nourish the skin; also: cosmetics used for such treatments)


Alabama

Alabama (nominative singular)
Alabamy (genitive singular)
Alabamie (dative singular)
Alabamę (accusative singular)
Alabamą (instrumental singular)
Alabamie (locative singular)
Alabamo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Alabama, from Alabama Albaamaha.


Arkansas

Borrowed from English Arkansas, from French Arcansas.


Connecticut

Borrowed from English Connecticut, from Mohegan-Pequot quinnitukqut (“at the long tidal river”), from *kwen- (“long”) + *-ehtekw (“tidal river”) + *-enk (“place”).

der

Connecticut (a state of the United States)

Connecticut (a river in the United States)


Iowa

Borrowed from English Iowa, from French Aiouez, an early transliteration of the name for the Iowa tribe, from Dakota ayúxba (“sleepy ones”).


Idaho

Unadapted borrowing from English Idaho, possibly from Plains Apache ídaahȩ́́ (“Comanche”).


Illinois

Borrowed from English Illinois, from a French adaptation of an Algonquian name derived from Miami ilenweewa (“he speaks the regular way”).


Indiana

Indiana (nominative singular)
Indiany (genitive singular)
Indianie (dative singular)
Indianę (accusative singular)
Indianą (instrumental singular)
Indianie (locative singular)
Indiano (singular vocative)


Massachusetts

Borrowed from English Massachusetts, from Massachusett muswachꝏsut (massadchᵫset, “big mountain”).

Massachusetts (a state of the United States)


Maryland

Maryland (nominative singular)
Marylandu (genitive singular)
Marylandowi (dative singular)
Maryland (accusative singular)
Marylandem (instrumental singular)
Marylandzie (locative singular)
Marylandzie (singular vocative)


Michigan

Borrowed from English Michigan, from Ojibwe mishigami (“great lake”)/ᒥᔑᑲᒥ.


Missouri

Borrowed from English Missouri, from a French adaptation of Miami wimihsoorita (“the people who have dugout canoes”), a term for the inhabitants of the area around the Missouri River.


Nebraska

Nebraska (nominative singular)
Nebraski (genitive singular)
Nebrasce (dative singular)
Nebraskę (accusative singular)
Nebraską (instrumental singular)
Nebrasce (locative singular)
Nebrasko (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Nebraska, probably from archaic Chiwere Ñí Brásge or Omaha-Ponca Ní Btháska, both meaning "flat water," after the Platte River that flows through the state.


New Hampshire

Unadapted borrowing from English New Hampshire.

New Hampshire (a state of the United States)


Nevada

Nevada (nominative singular)
Nevady (genitive singular)
Nevadzie (dative singular)
Nevadę (accusative singular)
Nevadą (instrumental singular)
Nevadzie (locative singular)
Nevado (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Nevada, from Spanish nevada (“snow-covered”).


Ohio

Borrowed from English Ohio, from Seneca ohiːyoʼ, a proper name derived from ohiːyoːh (“good river”).


Rhode Island

Unadapted borrowing from English Rhode Island.

Rhode Island (a state of the United States)


Tennessee

Borrowed from English Tennessee, from Cherokee ᏔᎾᏏ (tanasi).

Tennessee (a state of the United States)


Tennessee

Tennessee (a river in the United States)


Utah

Unadapted borrowing from English Utah, from Spanish yuta, from Ute entaw or yuta (“diggers of the mountain tops”).


Vermont

Vermont (nominative singular)
Vermontu (genitive singular)
Vermontowi (dative singular)
Vermont (accusative singular)
Vermontem (instrumental singular)
Vermoncie (locative singular)
Vermoncie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Vermont, from French verts monts.


Wisconsin

Unadapted borrowing from English Wisconsin.

Wisconsin (a state of the United States)

Wisconsin (a river in the United States)


Wyoming

Wyoming (nominative singular)
Wyomingu (genitive singular)
Wyomingowi (dative singular)
Wyoming (accusative singular)
Wyomingiem (instrumental singular)
Wyomingu (locative singular)
Wyomingu (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Wyoming, from Munsee xwé:wamənk (literally “at the big river flat”).


Norfolk

Norfolk (nominative singular)
Norfolku (genitive singular)
Norfolkowi (dative singular)
Norfolk (accusative singular)
Norfolkiem (instrumental singular)
Norfolku (locative singular)
Norfolku (singular vocative)


Albion

Albion (nominative singular)
Albionu (genitive singular)
Albionowi (dative singular)
Albion (accusative singular)
Albionem (instrumental singular)
Albionie (locative singular)
Albionie (singular vocative)

mglisty Albion

(poetic) Albion (England (or sometimes the British Isles))


Birmingham

Birmingham (canonical neuter)
Birmingham (canonical inanimate masculine)
Birmingham (nominative singular)
Birminghamy (nominative plural)
Birminghamu (genitive singular)
Birminghamów (genitive plural)
Birminghamowi (dative singular)
Birminghamom (dative plural)
Birmingham (accusative singular)
Birminghamy (accusative plural)
Birminghamem (instrumental singular)
Birminghamami (instrumental plural)
Birminghamie (locative singular)
Birminghamach (locative plural)
Birminghamie (singular vocative)
Birminghamy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Birmingham, from Middle English, from Old English Beormingahām, from Beorma + ing + hām.

ubor

Birmingham (a major city and metropolitan borough of the West Midlands, England)

Jefferson County
Jefferson County#English

Birmingham (a city, the county seat of Jefferson County, Alabama, United States)

New Haven County
New Haven County#English

Birmingham (a community of the city of Derby, New Haven County, Connecticut, United States)

Birmingham (a submerged ghost town in Marshall County, Kentucky, United States)

Birmingham (an unincorporated community in Allen Township, Miami County, Indiana, United States)

Tippecanoe County
Tippecanoe County#English

Birmingham (an unincorporated community in Fairfield Township, Tippecanoe County, Indiana, United States)

Van Buren County
Van Buren County#English

Birmingham (a tiny city in Van Buren County, Iowa, United States)

Birmingham (an unincorporated community in Franklin Township, Jackson County, Kansas, United States)

Birmingham (a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States)

Birmingham (a village in Clay County, Missouri, United States)

Burlington County
Burlington County#English

Birmingham (an unincorporated community in Pemberton Township, Burlington County, New Jersey, United States)

Birmingham (a ghost town in Lafayette, Coshocton County, Ohio, United States)

Birmingham (an unincorporated community in Florence Township, Erie County, Ohio, United States)

Birmingham (an unincorporated community in Monroe Township, Guernsey County, Ohio, United States)

Huntingdon County
Huntingdon County#English

Birmingham (a borough of Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, United States)


Manchester

Manchester (nominative singular)
Manchesteru (genitive singular)
Manchesterowi (dative singular)
Manchester (accusative singular)
Manchesterem (instrumental singular)
Manchesterze (locative singular)
Manchesterze (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Manchester.

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Greater Manchester
Greater Manchester#English

Manchester (a major city and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in northwestern England)

Manchester (name of several towns and cities in the United States)


bagno

pl-noun

bagno n (diminutive bagienko, augmentative bagnisko, related adjective bagienny)

bagienko (diminutive)
bagnisko (augmentative)
bagienny (adjective)
bagno (nominative singular)
bagna (nominative plural)
bagna (genitive singular)
bagien (genitive plural)
bagnu (dative singular)
bagnom (dative plural)
bagno (accusative singular)
bagna (accusative plural)
bagnem (instrumental singular)
bagnami (instrumental plural)
bagnie (locative singular)
bagnach (locative plural)
bagno (singular vocative)
bagna (plural vocative)

bagno zwyczajne

Rhododendron tomentosum
Wikispecies:Rhododendron tomentosum

Rhododendron subsect. Ledum
Wikispecies:Rhododendron subsect. Ledum

marsh rosemary (Rhododendron tomentosum and the whole Rhododendron subsect. Ledum)

(Middle Polish) willow (any of various deciduous trees or shrubs in the genus Salix, in the willow family Salicaceae)

(Middle Polish, hunting) den, lair (animal's dwelling space, especially a boar's)


Gordon

Gordon (nominative singular)
Gordonowie (nominative plural)
Gordona (genitive singular)
Gordonów (genitive plural)
Gordonowi (dative singular)
Gordonom (dative plural)
Gordona (accusative singular)
Gordonów (accusative plural)
Gordonem (instrumental singular)
Gordonami (instrumental plural)
Gordonie (locative singular)
Gordonach (locative plural)
Gordonie (singular vocative)
Gordonowie (plural vocative)

From the personal name Gordian (from Latin Gordianus). Alternatively, from an East Slavic word meaning "proud", e.g. Ukrainian гордий (hordyj), Belarusian горды (hórdy), Russian гордый (gordyj).

Gordon (a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)


Sejm

Sejm (nominative singular)
Sejmu (genitive singular)
Sejmowi (dative singular)
Sejm (accusative singular)
Sejmem (instrumental singular)
Sejmie (locative singular)
Sejmie (singular vocative)


kilt

kilt (nominative singular)
kilty (nominative plural)
kiltu (genitive singular)
kiltów (genitive plural)
kiltowi (dative singular)
kiltom (dative plural)
kilt (accusative singular)
kilty (accusative plural)
kiltem (instrumental singular)
kiltami (instrumental plural)
kilcie (locative singular)
kiltach (locative plural)
kilcie (singular vocative)
kilty (plural vocative)

kilt (traditional Scottish garment, usually worn by men)


Boston

pl-proper noun

Boston m inan (related adjective bostoński, demonym bostończyk, female demonym bostonka)

bostoński (adjective)
bostończyk (demonym)
bostonka (demonym feminine)
Boston (nominative singular)
Bostonu (genitive singular)
Bostonowi (dative singular)
Boston (accusative singular)
Bostonem (instrumental singular)
Bostonie (locative singular)
Bostonie (singular vocative)

Boston (the capital and largest city of Massachusetts, United States)


Kamerun

Kamerun m inan (related adjective kameruński)

kameruński (adjective)
Kamerun (nominative singular)
Kamerunu (genitive singular)
Kamerunowi (dative singular)
Kamerun (accusative singular)
Kamerunem (instrumental singular)
Kamerunie (locative singular)
Kamerunie (singular vocative)


Kanada

kanadyjski (adjective)
Kanada (nominative singular)
Kanady (genitive singular)
Kanadzie (dative singular)
Kanadę (accusative singular)
Kanadą (instrumental singular)
Kanadzie (locative singular)
Kanado (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French Canada, from Laurentian kanata (“village, settlement”).


Auckland

Auckland (nominative singular)
Aucklandu (genitive singular)
Aucklandowi (dative singular)
Auckland (accusative singular)
Aucklandem (instrumental singular)
Aucklandzie (locative singular)
Aucklandzie (singular vocative)


smug

smużek (diminutive)
smug (nominative singular)
smugi (nominative plural)
smugu (genitive singular)
smugów (genitive plural)
smugowi (dative singular)
smugom (dative plural)
smug (accusative singular)
smugi (accusative plural)
smugiem (instrumental singular)
smugami (instrumental plural)
smugu (locative singular)
smugach (locative plural)
smugu (singular vocative)
smugi (plural vocative)

any meadow, especially one that is marshy


oz

oz (nominative singular)
ozy (nominative plural)
ozu (genitive singular)
ozów (genitive plural)
ozowi (dative singular)
ozom (dative plural)
oz (accusative singular)
ozy (accusative plural)
ozem (instrumental singular)
ozami (instrumental plural)
ozie (locative singular)
ozach (locative plural)
ozie (singular vocative)
ozy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Swedish ås, from Old Norse áss, from Proto-Germanic *ansaz.


Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires (the capital city of Argentina)


parking

pl-noun

parking m inan (related adjective parkingowy)

parkingowy (adjective)
parking (nominative singular)
parkingi (nominative plural)
parkingu (genitive singular)
parkingów (genitive plural)
parkingowi (dative singular)
parkingom (dative plural)
parking (accusative singular)
parkingi (accusative plural)
parkingiem (instrumental singular)
parkingami (instrumental plural)
parkingu (locative singular)
parkingach (locative plural)
parkingu (singular vocative)
parkingi (plural vocative)

car park, parking lot (outdoor area or a building where cars may be parked)


angol

angol (nominative singular)
angole (nominative plural)
angola (genitive singular)
angoli (genitive plural)
angolów (genitive plural)
angolowi (dative singular)
angolom (dative plural)
angola (accusative singular)
angoli (accusative plural)
angolów (accusative plural)
angolem (instrumental singular)
angolami (instrumental plural)
angolu (locative singular)
angolach (locative plural)
angolu (singular vocative)
angole (plural vocative)

(colloquial, mildly derogatory, ethnic slur) Englishman


Sahara

Sahara (nominative singular)
Sahary (genitive singular)
Saharze (dative singular)
Saharę (accusative singular)
Saharą (instrumental singular)
Saharze (locative singular)
Saharo (singular vocative)


Brno

brneński (adjective)
Brno (nominative singular)
Brna (genitive singular)
Brnu (dative singular)
Brno (accusative singular)
Brnem (instrumental singular)
Brnie (locative singular)
Brno (singular vocative)

South Moravian Region
South Moravian Region#English

Brno (the capital and largest city of the South Moravian Region, Czech Republic)


Germania

Germania (nominative singular)
Germanii (genitive singular)
Germanii (dative singular)
Germanię (accusative singular)
Germanią (instrumental singular)
Germanii (locative singular)
Germanio (singular vocative)

(historical) Germania (an ancient region in Central Europe, roughly corresponding to modern Germany)


Knossos

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κνωσός (Knōsós).

lbor

Knossos (an ancient city and archaeological site in the island of Crete, in modern Greece)


morena

morena (nominative singular)
moreny (nominative plural)
moreny (genitive singular)
moren (genitive plural)
morenie (dative singular)
morenom (dative plural)
morenę (accusative singular)
moreny (accusative plural)
moreną (instrumental singular)
morenami (instrumental plural)
morenie (locative singular)
morenach (locative plural)
moreno (singular vocative)
moreny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French moraine, from Italian morena, from Franco-Provençal mor, morre, from Vulgar Latin *murrum.

(geology) moraine (accumulation of rocks and debris carried and deposited by a glacier)


dolina

dolinka (diminutive)
dolina (nominative singular)
doliny (nominative plural)
doliny (genitive singular)
dolin (genitive plural)
dolinie (dative singular)
dolinom (dative plural)
dolinę (accusative singular)
doliny (accusative plural)
doliną (instrumental singular)
dolinami (instrumental plural)
dolinie (locative singular)
dolinach (locative plural)
dolino (singular vocative)
doliny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dolina. By surface analysis, dół + -ina.


Serbia

Serbia (nominative singular)
Serbii (genitive singular)
Serbii (dative singular)
Serbię (accusative singular)
Serbią (instrumental singular)
Serbii (locative singular)
Serbio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Србија (Srbija).

bor+

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Serbia (a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe)


Afganistan

pl-prop

Afganistan m inan (related adjective afgański or afganistański, demonym Afgańczyk, female demonym Afganka)

afgański (adjective)
afganistański (adjective)
Afgańczyk (demonym)
Afganka (demonym feminine)
Afganistan (nominative singular)
Afganistanu (genitive singular)
Afganistanowi (dative singular)
Afganistan (accusative singular)
Afganistanem (instrumental singular)
Afganistanie (locative singular)
Afganistanie (singular vocative)

Internationalism; ultimately from Classical Persian افغانستان (Afğānistān).

der

Afghanistan (A landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia)


Aden

Aden (nominative singular)
Adenu (genitive singular)
Adenowi (dative singular)
Aden (accusative singular)
Adenem (instrumental singular)
Adenie (locative singular)
Adenie (singular vocative)


Akra

Akra (nominative singular)
Akry (genitive singular)
Akrze (dative singular)
Akrę (accusative singular)
Akrą (instrumental singular)
Akrze (locative singular)
Akro (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English Accra.


Bug

bużański (adjective)
Bug (nominative singular)
Bugu (genitive singular)
Buga (genitive singular)
Bugowi (dative singular)
Bug (accusative singular)
Bugiem (instrumental singular)
Bugu (locative singular)
Bugu (singular vocative)

Derived from Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (biugan). Compare Russian Буг (Bug). Doublet of biga and Boh.

Bug, Western Bug (a river in Belarus, Poland and Ukraine)


Don

Don (nominative singular)
Donu (genitive singular)
Donowi (dative singular)
Don (accusative singular)
Donem (instrumental singular)
Donie (locative singular)
Donie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Дон (Don), from Old East Slavic Донъ (Donŭ).

Don (a river, the fifth-longest in Europe, in Tula, Lipetsk, Voronezh, Volgograd and Rostov Oblasts, Russia)


Kot

Kot (nominative singular)
Kota (genitive singular)
Kotowi (dative singular)
Kot (accusative singular)
Kotem (instrumental singular)
Kocie (locative singular)
Kocie (singular vocative)

Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship#English

Kot (a village in the Gmina of Jedwabno, Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland)


Kuba

kubański (adjective)
Kuba (nominative singular)
Kuby (genitive singular)
Kubie (dative singular)
Kubę (accusative singular)
Kubą (instrumental singular)
Kubie (locative singular)
Kubo (singular vocative)

Cuba (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Lier

Lier (a city in Antwerp province, Belgium)


Lier

Unadapted borrowing from Norwegian Lier.

Lier (a municipality of Buskerud county, Norway)


Lima

Lima (nominative singular)
Limy (genitive singular)
Limie (dative singular)
Limę (accusative singular)
Limą (instrumental singular)
Limie (locative singular)
Limo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish Lima, from Quechua Rimak.


Limerick

Unadapted borrowing from English Limerick, from Irish Luimneach. Doublet of limeryk.

ubor

Limerick (a city in County Limerick, Ireland)


Liège

Liège (a city, the provincial capital of Liège, Wallonia, Belgium)


Macao

Unadapted borrowing from Portuguese Macao, from Chinese 阿媽港 /阿妈港, from 阿媽／阿妈 + 港.


Male

pl-prop

Male n (indeclinable, related adjective malejski)


Monako

pl-proper noun

Monako n (indeclinable, related adjective monakijski)

Borrowed from French Monaco, from Ancient Greek μόνοικος (mónoikos, “single house”), from μόνος (mónos, “single, alone”) + οἶκος (oîkos, “house”), the name of the 6th century BC colony of Phocaeans and an epithet of Heracles (Hercules), Ἡρακλῆς Μόνοικος (Heracles Monoikos).


Nilu (genitive singular)
Nilowi (dative singular)
Nilem (instrumental singular)
Nilu (locative singular)
Nilu (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Nilus, from Ancient Greek Νεῖλος (Neîlos).

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

Nile (a major river flowing through Egypt, Sudan, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi; one of the two longest rivers in the world, along with the Amazon)


Ob

Ob (nominative singular)
Obu (genitive singular)
Obowi (dative singular)
Ob (accusative singular)
Obem (instrumental singular)
Obie (locative singular)
Obie (singular vocative)

Ob (a town in Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia)


Pad

Pad (nominative singular)
Padu (genitive singular)
Padowi (dative singular)
Pad (accusative singular)
Padem (instrumental singular)
Padzie (locative singular)
Padzie (singular vocative)


Pan

Pan (nominative singular)
Pana (genitive singular)
Panowi (dative singular)
Pana (accusative singular)
Panem (instrumental singular)
Panie (locative singular)
Panie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Pan, from Ancient Greek Πάν (Pán).


Porto

Porto (a city and municipality, the district capital of Porto district, Portugal)


Rabat

pl-prop

Rabat m inan (related adjective rabacki)

rabacki (adjective)
Rabat (nominative singular)
Rabatu (genitive singular)
Rabatowi (dative singular)
Rabat (accusative singular)
Rabatem (instrumental singular)
Rabacie (locative singular)
Rabacie (singular vocative)


Reich

Reich (nominative singular)
Reichy (nominative plural)
Reichu (genitive singular)
Reichów (genitive plural)
Reichowi (dative singular)
Reichom (dative plural)
Reich (accusative singular)
Reichy (accusative plural)
Reichem (instrumental singular)
Reichami (instrumental plural)
Reichu (locative singular)
Reichach (locative plural)
Reichu (singular vocative)
Reichy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from German Reich. Doublet of rzesza.

(colloquial) Germany (a country in Central Europe)


Ren

Ren (nominative singular)
Renu (genitive singular)
Renowi (dative singular)
Ren (accusative singular)
Renem (instrumental singular)
Renie (locative singular)
Renie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Rhein, from Middle High German, from Proto-Germanic *Rīnaz, from Gaulish Rēnos, from a Pre-Celtic or Proto-Celtic *Reinos; one of a class of river names built from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to move, flow, run”).

der

Rhine (a river in Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, France, Germany, and the Netherlands)


Reunion

Reunion (nominative singular)
Reunionu (genitive singular)
Reunionowi (dative singular)
Reunion (accusative singular)
Reunionem (instrumental singular)
Reunionie (locative singular)
Reunionie (singular vocative)

administrative region
administrative region

Réunion (an island, overseas department, and administrative region of France, located in the Indian Ocean to the west of Mauritius and to the east of Madagascar)


San

San (nominative singular)
Sanu (genitive singular)
Sanowi (dative singular)
San (accusative singular)
Sanem (instrumental singular)
Sanie (locative singular)
Sanie (singular vocative)

San (a right tributary of the Vistula in Poland and Ukraine)


San

Tonlé San (a right tributary of the Mekong in Cambodia and Vietnam)


Spa

Spa (a municipality, a town in Liège, Wallonia, Belgium)


Split

pl-prop

Split m inan (related adjective splicki)

splicki (adjective)
Split (nominative singular)
Splitu (genitive singular)
Splitowi (dative singular)
Split (accusative singular)
Splitem (instrumental singular)
Splicie (locative singular)
Splicie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Спли̏т /Splȉt.

bor+

Спли̏т//Splȉt


Stare

Stare (nominative singular)
Starego (genitive singular)
Staremu (dative singular)
Stare (accusative singular)
Starym (instrumental singular)
Starym (locative singular)
Stare (singular vocative)

→ English: Stare

From stary (“old”) + -e. Compare Ukrainian Старе́ (Staré) and Russian Ста́рое (Stároje).

Greater Poland Voivodeship
Greater Poland Voivodeship#English

(nominalized) Stare (a village in the Gmina of Rogoźno, Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)

(nominalized) Stare (a village in the Gmina of Wysoka, Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)

(nominalized) Stare (a hamlet in the Gmina of Kaźmierz, Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland)

(nominalized) Stare (a rural settlement in Kadiivka urban hromada, Alchevsk Raion, Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine, founded in 1930, controlled by the Luhansk People’s Republic since 2014)


Tag

Tag (nominative singular)
Tagu (genitive singular)
Tagowi (dative singular)
Tag (accusative singular)
Tagiem (instrumental singular)
Tagu (locative singular)
Tagu (singular vocative)


Tallinn

pl-prop

Tallinn m inan (related adjective talliński)

talliński (adjective)
Tallinn (nominative singular)
Tallinna (genitive singular)
Tallinnowi (dative singular)
Tallinn (accusative singular)
Tallinnem (instrumental singular)
Tallinnie (locative singular)
Tallinnie (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Estonian Tallinn.

ubor

Tallinn (the capital and largest city of Estonia)


Ursus

pl-prop

Ursus m inan (related adjective ursuski)

ursuski (adjective)
Ursus (nominative singular)
Ursusa (genitive singular)
Ursusowi (dative singular)
Ursus (accusative singular)
Ursusem (instrumental singular)
Ursusie (locative singular)
Ursusie (singular vocative)


York

York (nominative singular)
Yorku (genitive singular)
Yorkowi (dative singular)
York (accusative singular)
Yorkiem (instrumental singular)
Yorku (locative singular)
Yorku (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English York. Doublet of Évora.

York (a city and unitary authority in North Yorkshire, England)


manx

Manx (Goidelic language spoken on the Isle of Man)