planet

pl-noun

planet m inan (related adjective planetowy)

planetowy (adjective)
planet (nominative singular)
planety (nominative plural)
planetu (genitive singular)
planetów (genitive plural)
planetowi (dative singular)
planetom (dative plural)
planet (accusative singular)
planety (accusative plural)
planetem (instrumental singular)
planetami (instrumental plural)
planecie (locative singular)
planetach (locative plural)
planecie (singular vocative)
planety (plural vocative)

(horticulture) manual tool for weeding and loosening the soil, in the form of a toothed frame on wheels


bat

bacik (diminutive)
bat (nominative singular)
baty (nominative plural)
bata (genitive singular)
batów (genitive plural)
batowi (dative singular)
batu (dative singular)
batom (dative plural)
bat (accusative singular)
baty (accusative plural)
batem (instrumental singular)
batami (instrumental plural)
bacie (locative singular)
batach (locative plural)
bacie (singular vocative)
baty (plural vocative)

(in the plural) whipping, lash (type of corporal punishment)

(in the plural, literary) reproof (criticizing)

(in the plural, literary) whipping, licking, beating (heavy defeat or setback)


klin

klin (nominative singular)
kliny (nominative plural)
klina (genitive singular)
klinów (genitive plural)
klinowi (dative singular)
klinom (dative plural)
klin (accusative singular)
kliny (accusative plural)
klinem (instrumental singular)
klinami (instrumental plural)
klinie (locative singular)
klinach (locative plural)
klinie (singular vocative)
kliny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish klin, from Proto-Slavic *klinъ.

(colloquial) shot of alcohol drunk to overcome a hangover, hair of the dog


mop

mop m inan or (animal-not-person canonical masculine)
mop (nominative singular)
mopy (nominative plural)
mopa (genitive singular)
mopów (genitive plural)
mopowi (dative singular)
mopom (dative plural)
mop (accusative singular)
mopa (accusative singular)
mopy (accusative plural)
mopem (instrumental singular)
mopami (instrumental plural)
mopie (locative singular)
mopach (locative plural)
mopie (singular vocative)
mopy (plural vocative)

mop (implement for washing floors or similar, made of a piece of cloth, or a collection of thrums, or coarse yarn, fastened to a handle)


lupa

lupa (nominative singular)
lupy (nominative plural)
lupy (genitive singular)
lup (genitive plural)
lupie (dative singular)
lupom (dative plural)
lupę (accusative singular)
lupy (accusative plural)
lupą (instrumental singular)
lupami (instrumental plural)
lupie (locative singular)
lupach (locative plural)
lupo (singular vocative)
lupy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French loupe, from Middle French loupe, from Old French loupe, from Frankish *luppa, from Proto-Germanic *lubbǭ, *lub-, from Proto-Indo-European *lep-.


bark

ref

Paweł Kupiszewski (09.10.2018) “BARK”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]

(Middle Polish) tool or vessel used in certain crafts or trades


token

token (nominative singular)
tokeny (nominative plural)
tokena (genitive singular)
tokenów (genitive plural)
tokenowi (dative singular)
tokenom (dative plural)
token (accusative singular)
tokeny (accusative plural)
tokenem (instrumental singular)
tokenami (instrumental plural)
tokenie (locative singular)
tokenach (locative plural)
tokenie (singular vocative)
tokeny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English token. Doublet of cecha and cych.

(computing) security token (peripheral device used to gain access to an electronically restricted resource)


instrument

instrument (nominative singular)
instrumenty (nominative plural)
instrumentu (genitive singular)
instrumentów (genitive plural)
instrumentowi (dative singular)
instrumentom (dative plural)
instrument (accusative singular)
instrumenty (accusative plural)
instrumentem (instrumental singular)
instrumentami (instrumental plural)
instrumencie (locative singular)
instrumentach (locative plural)
instrumencie (singular vocative)
instrumenty (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin īnstrūmentum.


agitator

agitator (nominative singular)
agitatory (nominative plural)
agitatoru (genitive singular)
agitatorów (genitive plural)
agitatorowi (dative singular)
agitatorom (dative plural)
agitator (accusative singular)
agitatory (accusative plural)
agitatorem (instrumental singular)
agitatorami (instrumental plural)
agitatorze (locative singular)
agitatorach (locative plural)
agitatorze (singular vocative)
agitatory (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Agitator, from Latin agitātor. By surface analysis, agitować + -ator. First attested in 1833.

agitator (implement for shaking or mixing)


paca

paca (nominative singular)
pace (nominative plural)
pacy (genitive singular)
pac (genitive plural)
pacy (dative singular)
pacom (dative plural)
pacę (accusative singular)
pace (accusative plural)
pacą (instrumental singular)
pacami (instrumental plural)
pacy (locative singular)
pacach (locative plural)
paco (singular vocative)
pace (plural vocative)

(construction) trowel, smoother, skimmer (tool for applying a smooth layer of mortar, plaster, etc.)


bor

bor (nominative singular)
bory (nominative plural)
boru (genitive singular)
borów (genitive plural)
borowi (dative singular)
borom (dative plural)
bor (accusative singular)
bory (accusative plural)
borem (instrumental singular)
borami (instrumental plural)
borze (locative singular)
borach (locative plural)
borze (singular vocative)
bory (plural vocative)


babka

babeczka (diminutive)
babka (nominative singular)
babki (nominative plural)
babki (genitive singular)
babek (genitive plural)
babce (dative singular)
babkom (dative plural)
babkę (accusative singular)
babki (accusative plural)
babką (instrumental singular)
babkami (instrumental plural)
babce (locative singular)
babkach (locative plural)
babko (singular vocative)
babki (plural vocative)
bábka (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish babka. By surface analysis, baba + -ka.

(obsolete, forging) stone used to close a blast furnace acting as a furnace door


atomizer

atomizer (nominative singular)
atomizery (nominative plural)
atomizera (genitive singular)
atomizerów (genitive plural)
atomizerowi (dative singular)
atomizerom (dative plural)
atomizer (accusative singular)
atomizery (accusative plural)
atomizerem (instrumental singular)
atomizerami (instrumental plural)
atomizerze (locative singular)
atomizerach (locative plural)
atomizerze (singular vocative)
atomizery (plural vocative)


mikroskop

pl-noun

mikroskop m inan (related adjective mikroskopowy)

mikroskopowy (adjective)
mikroskop (nominative singular)
mikroskopy (nominative plural)
mikroskopu (genitive singular)
mikroskopów (genitive plural)
mikroskopowi (dative singular)
mikroskopom (dative plural)
mikroskop (accusative singular)
mikroskopy (accusative plural)
mikroskopem (instrumental singular)
mikroskopami (instrumental plural)
mikroskopie (locative singular)
mikroskopach (locative plural)
mikroskopie (singular vocative)
mikroskopy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English microscope, French microscope, German Mikroskop, ultimately from New Latin mīcroscopium, from Ancient Greek μικρός (mikrós) + σκοπέω (skopéō).

(microscopy) microscope (optical instrument used for observing small objects)


teleskop

teleskop (nominative singular)
teleskopy (nominative plural)
teleskopu (genitive singular)
teleskopów (genitive plural)
teleskopowi (dative singular)
teleskopom (dative plural)
teleskop (accusative singular)
teleskopy (accusative plural)
teleskopem (instrumental singular)
teleskopami (instrumental plural)
teleskopie (locative singular)
teleskopach (locative plural)
teleskopie (singular vocative)
teleskopy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek τηλεσκόπος (tēleskópos, “far-seeing”); from τῆλε (têle, “afar”) + σκοπέω (skopéō, “I look at”).

lbor

(astronomy) telescope (any instrument used to observe distant objects)

(astronomy, optics) telescope (optical instrument that magnifies)

(colloquial, technology) telescopic hydraulic cylinder


teleskop

teleskop (nominative singular)
teleskopy (nominative plural)
teleskopa (genitive singular)
teleskopów (genitive plural)
teleskopowi (dative singular)
teleskopom (dative plural)
teleskopa (accusative singular)
teleskopy (accusative plural)
teleskopem (instrumental singular)
teleskopami (instrumental plural)
teleskopie (locative singular)
teleskopach (locative plural)
teleskopie (singular vocative)
teleskopy (plural vocative)


ruta

Borrowed from French route. Doublet of raut.


ruta

flexible rod used for corporal punishment


spinning

pl-noun

spinning m inan (related adjective spinningowy)

spinningowy (adjective)
spinning (nominative singular)
spinningi (nominative plural)
spinningu (genitive singular)
spinningów (genitive plural)
spinningowi (dative singular)
spinningom (dative plural)
spinning (accusative singular)
spinningi (accusative plural)
spinningiem (instrumental singular)
spinningami (instrumental plural)
spinningu (locative singular)
spinningach (locative plural)
spinningu (singular vocative)
spinningi (plural vocative)

Pseudo-anglicism, derived from spinning.

(uncountable, fishing) spin fishing (angling technique where a spinnerbait, a type of hybrid fishing lure with at least one freely rotating blade, is used to entice the fish to bite)


globus

globusik (diminutive)
globus (nominative singular)
globusy (nominative plural)
globusa (genitive singular)
globusu (genitive singular)
globusów (genitive plural)
globusowi (dative singular)
globusom (dative plural)
globus (accusative singular)
globusy (accusative plural)
globusem (instrumental singular)
globusami (instrumental plural)
globusie (locative singular)
globusach (locative plural)
globusie (singular vocative)
globusy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin globus. Doublet of glob.

(countable) globe (spherical model of Earth or other planet)

(countable, colloquial, humorous) head, noggin (part of the body of an animal or human which contains the brain, mouth and main sense organs)


globus

globus (nominative singular)
globusa (genitive singular)
globusu (genitive singular)
globusowi (dative singular)
globus (accusative singular)
globusem (instrumental singular)
globusie (locative singular)
globusie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin globus (hystericus).

lbor

(uncountable, pathology) globus, globus hystericus (sensation of having a lump in the throat)


kostur

kostur (nominative singular)
kostury (nominative plural)
kostura (genitive singular)
kosturów (genitive plural)
kosturowi (dative singular)
kosturom (dative plural)
kostur (accusative singular)
kostury (accusative plural)
kosturem (instrumental singular)
kosturami (instrumental plural)
kosturze (locative singular)
kosturach (locative plural)
kosturze (singular vocative)
kostury (plural vocative)


cep

cep (nominative singular)
cepy (nominative plural)
cepa (genitive singular)
cepu (genitive singular)
cepów (genitive plural)
cepowi (dative singular)
cepom (dative plural)
cep (accusative singular)
cepy (accusative plural)
cepem (instrumental singular)
cepami (instrumental plural)
cepie (locative singular)
cepach (locative plural)
cepie (singular vocative)
cepy (plural vocative)
cepa (alternative)

flail (tool in the form of two wooden sticks connected by a strap, one of which was held in the hand, and the other was used to strike the ears of harvested grain to separate the grains)


tara

tara (nominative singular)
tary (nominative plural)
tary (genitive singular)
tar (genitive plural)
tarze (dative singular)
tarom (dative plural)
tarę (accusative singular)
tary (accusative plural)
tarą (instrumental singular)
tarami (instrumental plural)
tarze (locative singular)
tarach (locative plural)
taro (singular vocative)
tary (plural vocative)

washboard (board used to hand wash laundry)


lancet

lancet (nominative singular)
lancety (nominative plural)
lancetu (genitive singular)
lancetów (genitive plural)
lancetowi (dative singular)
lancetom (dative plural)
lancet (accusative singular)
lancety (accusative plural)
lancetem (instrumental singular)
lancetami (instrumental plural)
lancecie (locative singular)
lancetach (locative plural)
lancecie (singular vocative)
lancety (plural vocative)

lancet (sharp, pointed, two-edged surgical instrument)


kosa

kosa (nominative singular)
kosy (nominative plural)
kosy (genitive singular)
kos (genitive plural)
kosie (dative singular)
kosom (dative plural)
kosę (accusative singular)
kosy (accusative plural)
kosą (instrumental singular)
kosami (instrumental plural)
kosie (locative singular)
kosach (locative plural)
koso (singular vocative)
kosy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish kosa, from Proto-Slavic *kosa.


hak

pl-noun

hak m inan (diminutive haczyk, related adjective hakowy)

haczyk (diminutive)
hakowy (adjective)
hak (nominative singular)
haki (nominative plural)
haka (genitive singular)
haków (genitive plural)
hakowi (dative singular)
hakom (dative plural)
hak (accusative singular)
haki (accusative plural)
hakiem (instrumental singular)
hakami (instrumental plural)
haku (locative singular)
hakach (locative plural)
haku (singular vocative)
haki (plural vocative)
hok (alternative)

Borrowed from Middle High German hāke, hāken, from Old High German hako.

bor+

hook (rod bent into a curved shape, typically with one end free and the other end secured to a rope or other attachment)

(boxing) hook (type of punch delivered with the arm rigid and partially bent and the fist travelling nearly horizontally mesially along an arc)


hak

hak (nominative singular)
haki (nominative plural)
haka (genitive singular)
haków (genitive plural)
hakowi (dative singular)
hakom (dative plural)
haka (accusative singular)
haki (accusative plural)
hakiem (instrumental singular)
hakami (instrumental plural)
haku (locative singular)
hakach (locative plural)
haku (singular vocative)
haki (plural vocative)
hok (alternative)

(colloquial, figurative) dirt, kompromat (compromising material, blackmail material, (real or fabricated) evidence that a person does not want revealed)


baran

pl-noun

baran m animal (diminutive baranek, augmentative baranisko, related adjective barani)

baranek (diminutive)
baranisko (augmentative)
barani (adjective)
baran (nominative singular)
barany (nominative plural)
barana (genitive singular)
baranów (genitive plural)
baranowi (dative singular)
baranom (dative plural)
barana (accusative singular)
barany (accusative plural)
baranem (instrumental singular)
baranami (instrumental plural)
baranie (locative singular)
baranach (locative plural)
baranie (singular vocative)
barany (plural vocative)
barón (alternative)
baron (alternative)

(obsolete) large place (tool for smoothing wood by removing thin layers from the surface moved by two people)


brona

brona (nominative singular)
brony (nominative plural)
brony (genitive singular)
bron (genitive plural)
bronie (dative singular)
bronom (dative plural)
bronę (accusative singular)
brony (accusative plural)
broną (instrumental singular)
bronami (instrumental plural)
bronie (locative singular)
bronach (locative plural)
brono (singular vocative)
brony (plural vocative)
bruna (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish brona. Doublet of brama (“gate”), derived from Old Czech.

(historical) portcullis (lifting grate used to secure a gate in a defensive wall)


kruk

kruczek (diminutive)
kruk (nominative singular)
kruki (nominative plural)
kruka (genitive singular)
kruków (genitive plural)
krukowi (dative singular)
krukom (dative plural)
kruka (accusative singular)
kruki (accusative plural)
krukiem (instrumental singular)
krukami (instrumental plural)
kruku (locative singular)
krukach (locative plural)
kruku (singular vocative)
kruki (plural vocative)

raven, especially the common raven (Corvus corax)


kruk

kruk (nominative singular)
kruki (nominative plural)
kruku (genitive singular)
kruków (genitive plural)
krukowi (dative singular)
krukom (dative plural)
kruk (accusative singular)
kruki (accusative plural)
krukiem (instrumental singular)
krukami (instrumental plural)
kruku (locative singular)
krukach (locative plural)
kruku (singular vocative)
kruki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ukrainian крюк (krjuk), from Old East Slavic крюкъ (krjukŭ), from Old Norse krókr, from Proto-Germanic *krōkaz.


lej

lejek (diminutive)
lej (nominative singular)
leje (nominative plural)
leja (genitive singular)
lejów (genitive plural)
lejowi (dative singular)
lejom (dative plural)
lej (accusative singular)
leje (accusative plural)
lejem (instrumental singular)
lejami (instrumental plural)
leju (locative singular)
lejach (locative plural)
leju (singular vocative)
leje (plural vocative)


sito

sitko (diminutive)
sito (nominative singular)
sita (nominative plural)
sita (genitive singular)
sit (genitive plural)
situ (dative singular)
sitom (dative plural)
sito (accusative singular)
sita (accusative plural)
sitem (instrumental singular)
sitami (instrumental plural)
sicie (locative singular)
sitach (locative plural)
sito (singular vocative)
sita (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sìto (“sieve”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *séiˀta, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁y-tom, from *seh₁- (“to impress, insert, sow”).


byk

pl-noun

byk m animal (diminutive byczek, augmentative byczysko, related adjective byczy)

byczek (diminutive)
byczysko (augmentative)
byczy (adjective)
byk (nominative singular)
byki (nominative plural)
byka (genitive singular)
byków (genitive plural)
bykowi (dative singular)
bykom (dative plural)
byka (accusative singular)
byki (accusative plural)
bykiem (instrumental singular)
bykami (instrumental plural)
byku (locative singular)
bykach (locative plural)
byku (singular vocative)
byki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish byk. Sense 5 is a semantic loan from English bull market and sense 6 is a semantic loan from English bull.


kulka

pl-noun

kulka f (diminutive kuleczka, related adjective kulkowy)

kuleczka (diminutive)
kulkowy (adjective)
kulka (nominative singular)
kulki (nominative plural)
kulki (genitive singular)
kulek (genitive plural)
kulce (dative singular)
kulkom (dative plural)
kulkę (accusative singular)
kulki (accusative plural)
kulką (instrumental singular)
kulkami (instrumental plural)
kulce (locative singular)
kulkach (locative plural)
kulko (singular vocative)
kulki (plural vocative)

(Western Lublin, Kamionka) bolt key (type of wire key used to open an iron bolt)


faja

faja (nominative singular)
faje (nominative plural)
fai (genitive singular)
faj (genitive plural)
fai (dative singular)
fajom (dative plural)
faję (accusative singular)
faje (accusative plural)
fają (instrumental singular)
fajami (instrumental plural)
fai (locative singular)
fajach (locative plural)
fajo (singular vocative)
faje (plural vocative)

(colloquial, derogatory) dweeb, hacker, klutz, nebbish


łyżka do butów

łyżka do butów (nominative singular)
łyżki do butów (nominative plural)
łyżki do butów (genitive singular)
łyżek do butów (genitive plural)
łyżce do butów (dative singular)
łyżkom do butów (dative plural)
łyżkę do butów (accusative singular)
łyżki do butów (accusative plural)
łyżką do butów (instrumental singular)
łyżkami do butów (instrumental plural)
łyżce do butów (locative singular)
łyżkach do butów (locative plural)
łyżko do butów (singular vocative)
łyżki do butów (plural vocative)

(idiomatic) shoehorn (smooth tool that assists in putting the foot into a shoe, by sliding the heel in after the toe is in place)


packa

packa (nominative singular)
packi (nominative plural)
packi (genitive singular)
pacek (genitive plural)
pacce (dative singular)
packom (dative plural)
packę (accusative singular)
packi (accusative plural)
packą (instrumental singular)
packami (instrumental plural)
pacce (locative singular)
packach (locative plural)
packo (singular vocative)
packi (plural vocative)


gąbka

gąbeczka (diminutive)
gąbka (nominative singular)
gąbki (nominative plural)
gąbki (genitive singular)
gąbek (genitive plural)
gąbce (dative singular)
gąbkom (dative plural)
gąbkę (accusative singular)
gąbki (accusative plural)
gąbką (instrumental singular)
gąbkami (instrumental plural)
gąbce (locative singular)
gąbkach (locative plural)
gąbko (singular vocative)
gąbki (plural vocative)
gębka (alternative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gǫbъka. By surface analysis, gęba + -ka.


klucz

klucz m inan (diminutive kluczyk, related adjective kluczowy)

kluczyk (diminutive)
kluczowy (adjective)
klucz (nominative singular)
klucze (nominative plural)
klucza (genitive singular)
kluczy (genitive plural)
kluczowi (dative singular)
kluczom (dative plural)
klucz (accusative singular)
klucze (accusative plural)
kluczem (instrumental singular)
kluczami (instrumental plural)
kluczu (locative singular)
kluczach (locative plural)
kluczu (singular vocative)
klucze (plural vocative)

(Przemyśl, blacksmithing) tool for unscrewing nuts

spanner, wrench
tool for unscrewing nuts


brus

brus (nominative singular)
brusy (nominative plural)
brusa (genitive singular)
brusów (genitive plural)
brusowi (dative singular)
brusom (dative plural)
brus (accusative singular)
brusy (accusative plural)
brusem (instrumental singular)
brusami (instrumental plural)
brusie (locative singular)
brusach (locative plural)
brusie (singular vocative)
brusy (plural vocative)


siekiera

siekierka (diminutive)
siekiera (nominative singular)
siekiery (nominative plural)
siekiery (genitive singular)
siekier (genitive plural)
siekierze (dative singular)
siekierom (dative plural)
siekierę (accusative singular)
siekiery (accusative plural)
siekierą (instrumental singular)
siekierami (instrumental plural)
siekierze (locative singular)
siekierach (locative plural)
siekiero (singular vocative)
siekiery (plural vocative)

desc

→ Old Ruthenian: секе́ра (sekéra), соке́ра (sokéra)

Middle Belarusian: саке́ра (sakéra)

Belarusian: сяке́ра (sjakjéra)


iglica

igliczka (diminutive)
iglica (nominative singular)
iglice (nominative plural)
iglicy (genitive singular)
iglic (genitive plural)
iglicy (dative singular)
iglicom (dative plural)
iglicę (accusative singular)
iglice (accusative plural)
iglicą (instrumental singular)
iglicami (instrumental plural)
iglicy (locative singular)
iglicach (locative plural)
iglico (singular vocative)
iglice (plural vocative)


młotek

pl-noun

młotek m inan (diminutive młoteczek, augmentative młot)

młoteczek (diminutive)
młot (augmentative)
młotek (nominative singular)
młotki (nominative plural)
młotka (genitive singular)
młotków (genitive plural)
młotkowi (dative singular)
młotkom (dative plural)
młotek (accusative singular)
młotki (accusative plural)
młotkiem (instrumental singular)
młotkami (instrumental plural)
młotku (locative singular)
młotkach (locative plural)
młotku (singular vocative)
młotki (plural vocative)

→ German: Mottek


żaba

żabka (diminutive)
żaba (nominative singular)
żaby (nominative plural)
żaby (genitive singular)
żab (genitive plural)
żabie (dative singular)
żabom (dative plural)
żabę (accusative singular)
żaby (accusative plural)
żabą (instrumental singular)
żabami (instrumental plural)
żabie (locative singular)
żabach (locative plural)
żabo (singular vocative)
żaby (plural vocative)
ziaba (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish żaba, from Proto-Slavic *žaba.


strych

strych (nominative singular)
strychy (nominative plural)
strycha (genitive singular)
strychów (genitive plural)
strychowi (dative singular)
strychom (dative plural)
strych (accusative singular)
strychy (accusative plural)
strychem (instrumental singular)
strychami (instrumental plural)
strychu (locative singular)
strychach (locative plural)
strychu (singular vocative)
strychy (plural vocative)
strycha (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish strych, from Middle High German strich, from Old High German strih, from Proto-West Germanic *striki, from Proto-Germanic *strikiz, from Proto-Indo-European *strig-ís, from the root *streyg- (“to stroke”).


szminka

szminka (nominative singular)
szminki (nominative plural)
szminki (genitive singular)
szminek (genitive plural)
szmince (dative singular)
szminkom (dative plural)
szminkę (accusative singular)
szminki (accusative plural)
szminką (instrumental singular)
szminkami (instrumental plural)
szmince (locative singular)
szminkach (locative plural)
szminko (singular vocative)
szminki (plural vocative)

(cosmetics) lipstick (make-up for the lips)


kijanka

kijanka (nominative singular)
kijanki (nominative plural)
kijanki (genitive singular)
kijanek (genitive plural)
kijance (dative singular)
kijankom (dative plural)
kijankę (accusative singular)
kijanki (accusative plural)
kijanką (instrumental singular)
kijankami (instrumental plural)
kijance (locative singular)
kijankach (locative plural)
kijanko (singular vocative)
kijanki (plural vocative)
kijánka (alternative)

→ Belarusian: кія́нка (kijánka)

→ Czech: kyjanka

→ Russian: кия́нка (kijánka)

→ Slovak: kyjanka, kijanka

→ Ukrainian: кия́нка (kyjánka)

Inherited from Old Polish kijanka, from kijania, kijań. By surface analysis, kij + -an + -ka.

batlet (tool sometimes used to beat flax but especially as a battledore to wash laundry)


tokarka

tokarka (nominative singular)
tokarki (nominative plural)
tokarki (genitive singular)
tokarek (genitive plural)
tokarce (dative singular)
tokarkom (dative plural)
tokarkę (accusative singular)
tokarki (accusative plural)
tokarką (instrumental singular)
tokarkami (instrumental plural)
tokarce (locative singular)
tokarkach (locative plural)
tokarko (singular vocative)
tokarki (plural vocative)


wiosło

wiosłowy (adjective)
wiosło (nominative singular)
wiosła (nominative plural)
wiosła (genitive singular)
wioseł (genitive plural)
wiosłu (dative singular)
wiosłom (dative plural)
wiosło (accusative singular)
wiosła (accusative plural)
wiosłem (instrumental singular)
wiosłami (instrumental plural)
wiośle (locative singular)
wiosłach (locative plural)
wiosło (singular vocative)
wiosła (plural vocative)
wiesło (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish wiosło, from Proto-Slavic *veslo.


widły

widełki (diminutive)
widły (nominative plural)
wideł (genitive plural)
widłom (dative plural)
widły (accusative plural)
widłami (instrumental plural)
widłach (locative plural)
widły (plural vocative)

(plural only) pitchfork (tool with spikes used for digging)


taczka

taczka (nominative singular)
taczki (nominative plural)
taczki (genitive singular)
taczek (genitive plural)
taczce (dative singular)
taczkom (dative plural)
taczkę (accusative singular)
taczki (accusative plural)
taczką (instrumental singular)
taczkami (instrumental plural)
taczce (locative singular)
taczkach (locative plural)
taczko (singular vocative)
taczki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish taczka, from Proto-Slavic *tačati + -ka.


bardo

bardo (nominative singular)
barda (nominative plural)
barda (genitive singular)
bared (genitive plural)
bardu (dative singular)
bardom (dative plural)
bardo (accusative singular)
barda (accusative plural)
bardem (instrumental singular)
bardami (instrumental plural)
bardzie (locative singular)
bardach (locative plural)
bardo (singular vocative)
barda (plural vocative)
berdo (alternative obsolete)


kij

kij m inan (diminutive kijek or kijaszek)

kijek (diminutive)
kijaszek (diminutive)
kij (nominative singular)
kije (nominative plural)
kija (genitive singular)
kijów (genitive plural)
kijowi (dative singular)
kijom (dative plural)
kij (accusative singular)
kije (accusative plural)
kijem (instrumental singular)
kijami (instrumental plural)
kiju (locative singular)
kijach (locative plural)
kiju (singular vocative)
kije (plural vocative)

jak się chce psa uderzyć, to kij się znajdzie


miech

mieszek (diminutive)
miech (nominative singular)
miechy (nominative plural)
miecha (genitive singular)
miechów (genitive plural)
miechowi (dative singular)
miechom (dative plural)
miech (accusative singular)
miechy (accusative plural)
miechem (instrumental singular)
miechami (instrumental plural)
miechu (locative singular)
miechach (locative plural)
miechu (singular vocative)
miechy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish miech, from Proto-Slavic *mě̑xъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *maišás, from Proto-Indo-European *moysós (“ram, sheep, fleece, wool, sheepskin”).


nożyczki

nożyczki (nominative plural)
nożyczek (genitive plural)
nożyczkom (dative plural)
nożyczki (accusative plural)
nożyczkami (instrumental plural)
nożyczkach (locative plural)
nożyczki (plural vocative)


statek

pl-noun

statek m inan (diminutive stateczek, related adjective statkowy)

stateczek (diminutive)
statkowy (adjective)
statek (nominative singular)
statki (nominative plural)
statku (genitive singular)
statków (genitive plural)
statkowi (dative singular)
statkom (dative plural)
statek (accusative singular)
statki (accusative plural)
statkiem (instrumental singular)
statkami (instrumental plural)
statku (locative singular)
statkach (locative plural)
statku (singular vocative)
statki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish statek. Sense 1 is from sense 2; compare English vessel.

(obsolete) sedateness, calm; settling down; seriousness; takt


piłka

piłka f (diminutive piłeczka, augmentative piła)

piłeczka (diminutive)
piła (augmentative)
piłka (nominative singular)
piłki (nominative plural)
piłki (genitive singular)
piłek (genitive plural)
piłce (dative singular)
piłkom (dative plural)
piłkę (accusative singular)
piłki (accusative plural)
piłką (instrumental singular)
piłkami (instrumental plural)
piłce (locative singular)
piłkach (locative plural)
piłko (singular vocative)
piłki (plural vocative)

→ Esperanto: pilko

Inherited from Old Polish piłka, from Latin pila, likely from pilus (“hair”), originally meaning "bundle of hair". Displaced Old Polish miecz and mięcz.

ball (object, generally spherical, used for playing games)


gruszka

gruszeczka (diminutive)
gruszka (nominative singular)
gruszki (nominative plural)
gruszki (genitive singular)
gruszek (genitive plural)
gruszce (dative singular)
gruszkom (dative plural)
gruszkę (accusative singular)
gruszki (accusative plural)
gruszką (instrumental singular)
gruszkami (instrumental plural)
gruszce (locative singular)
gruszkach (locative plural)
gruszko (singular vocative)
gruszki (plural vocative)
kruszka (alternative)
kruska (alternative)

douche, rubber irrigator (device used to introduce a stream of water into the body for medical or hygienic reasons, or the stream of water itself)


narzędzie

narzędzie n (related adjective narzędziowy)

narzędziowy (adjective)
narzędzie (nominative singular)
narzędzia (nominative plural)
narzędzia (genitive singular)
narzędzi (genitive plural)
narzędziu (dative singular)
narzędziom (dative plural)
narzędzie (accusative singular)
narzędzia (accusative plural)
narzędziem (instrumental singular)
narzędziami (instrumental plural)
narzędziu (locative singular)
narzędziach (locative plural)
narzędzie (singular vocative)
narzędzia (plural vocative)

/naˈʐɛɲ.d͡ʑɛ/

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *narędъ + -e.

tool (mechanical device intended to make a task easier)


knut

knut (nominative singular)
knuty (nominative plural)
knuta (genitive singular)
knutów (genitive plural)
knutowi (dative singular)
knutom (dative plural)
knut (accusative singular)
knuty (accusative plural)
knutem (instrumental singular)
knutami (instrumental plural)
knucie (locative singular)
knutach (locative plural)
knucie (singular vocative)
knuty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian кнут (knut), from Old East Slavic кнутъ (knutŭ), from Old Norse knútr (“knot”).

knout (leather scourge used in imperial Russia)


szczupak

szczupak m animal (diminutive szczupaczek or (dialectal) szczublak)

szczupaczek (diminutive)
szczublak (dialectal diminutive)
szczupak (nominative singular)
szczupaki (nominative plural)
szczupaka (genitive singular)
szczupaków (genitive plural)
szczupakowi (dative singular)
szczupakom (dative plural)
szczupaka (accusative singular)
szczupaki (accusative plural)
szczupakiem (instrumental singular)
szczupakami (instrumental plural)
szczupaku (locative singular)
szczupakach (locative plural)
szczupaku (singular vocative)
szczupaki (plural vocative)
szczypak (alternative)
szczypok (alternative Poznań)

From Old Polish szczupać (“to pinch”), from Proto-Slavic *ščukati.


łopata

łopatka (diminutive)
łopata (nominative singular)
łopaty (nominative plural)
łopaty (genitive singular)
łopat (genitive plural)
łopacie (dative singular)
łopatom (dative plural)
łopatę (accusative singular)
łopaty (accusative plural)
łopatą (instrumental singular)
łopatami (instrumental plural)
łopacie (locative singular)
łopatach (locative plural)
łopato (singular vocative)
łopaty (plural vocative)


dłuto

dłuto (nominative singular)
dłuta (nominative plural)
dłuta (genitive singular)
dłut (genitive plural)
dłutu (dative singular)
dłutom (dative plural)
dłuto (accusative singular)
dłuta (accusative plural)
dłutem (instrumental singular)
dłutami (instrumental plural)
dłucie (locative singular)
dłutach (locative plural)
dłuto (singular vocative)
dłuta (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish dłóto, from Proto-Slavic *dōltò, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dálbta, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰelbʰ-.


kleszcze

kleszcze nvir pl (diminutive kleszczyki)

kleszczyki (diminutive)
kleszcze (nominative plural)
kleszczy (genitive plural)
kleszczów (genitive plural)
kleszczom (dative plural)
kleszcze (accusative plural)
kleszczami (instrumental plural)
kleszczach (locative plural)
kleszcze (plural vocative)

/ˈklɛʂ.t͡ʂɛ/


śrubokręt

śrubokręt (nominative singular)
śrubokręty (nominative plural)
śrubokrętu (genitive singular)
śrubokręta (genitive singular)
śrubokrętów (genitive plural)
śrubokrętowi (dative singular)
śrubokrętom (dative plural)
śrubokręt (accusative singular)
śrubokręty (accusative plural)
śrubokrętem (instrumental singular)
śrubokrętami (instrumental plural)
śrubokręcie (locative singular)
śrubokrętach (locative plural)
śrubokręcie (singular vocative)
śrubokręty (plural vocative)


tasak

tasaczek (diminutive)
tasak (nominative singular)
tasaki (nominative plural)
tasaka (genitive singular)
tasaków (genitive plural)
tasakowi (dative singular)
tasakom (dative plural)
tasak (accusative singular)
tasaki (accusative plural)
tasakiem (instrumental singular)
tasakami (instrumental plural)
tasaku (locative singular)
tasakach (locative plural)
tasaku (singular vocative)
tasaki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old Czech tesák, from Proto-Slavic *tesakъ. Doublet of ciesak (“adze”) and ciosak (“stonemason's pickaxe”).

doublet

(historical) fascine knife (large, heavy knife or short sword used by 17th- to 19th-century artillery and infantry soldiers as a sidearm and a tool for cutting fascines)


igła

pl-noun

igła f (diminutive igiełka, related adjective igielny or igłowy or (obsolete) iglany or (obsolete) igli)

igiełka (diminutive)
igielny (adjective)
igłowy (adjective)
iglany (adjective obsolete)
igli (adjective obsolete)
igła (nominative singular)
igły (nominative plural)
igły (genitive singular)
igieł (genitive plural)
igle (dative singular)
igłom (dative plural)
igłę (accusative singular)
igły (accusative plural)
igłą (instrumental singular)
igłami (instrumental plural)
igle (locative singular)
igłach (locative plural)
igło (singular vocative)
igły (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish igła, from Proto-Slavic *jьgъla. By surface analysis, Old Polish igo (“yoke”) + -ła.


miotła

pl-noun

miotła f (diminutive miotełka, augmentative miotlisko)

miotełka (diminutive)
miotlisko (augmentative)
miotła (nominative singular)
miotły (nominative plural)
miotły (genitive singular)
mioteł (genitive plural)
miotle (dative singular)
miotłom (dative plural)
miotłę (accusative singular)
miotły (accusative plural)
miotłą (instrumental singular)
miotłami (instrumental plural)
miotle (locative singular)
miotłach (locative plural)
miotło (singular vocative)
miotły (plural vocative)


łopatka

łopatka (nominative singular)
łopatki (nominative plural)
łopatki (genitive singular)
łopatek (genitive plural)
łopatce (dative singular)
łopatkom (dative plural)
łopatkę (accusative singular)
łopatki (accusative plural)
łopatką (instrumental singular)
łopatkami (instrumental plural)
łopatce (locative singular)
łopatkach (locative plural)
łopatko (singular vocative)
łopatki (plural vocative)


maskara

maskara (nominative singular)
maskary (nominative plural)
maskary (genitive singular)
maskar (genitive plural)
maskarze (dative singular)
maskarom (dative plural)
maskarę (accusative singular)
maskary (accusative plural)
maskarą (instrumental singular)
maskarami (instrumental plural)
maskarze (locative singular)
maskarach (locative plural)
maskaro (singular vocative)
maskary (plural vocative)
mascara (alternative)

Borrowed from English máscara. Doublet of maszkara.


śruba

śrubka (diminutive)
śruba (nominative singular)
śruby (nominative plural)
śruby (genitive singular)
śrub (genitive plural)
śrubie (dative singular)
śrubom (dative plural)
śrubę (accusative singular)
śruby (accusative plural)
śrubą (instrumental singular)
śrubami (instrumental plural)
śrubie (locative singular)
śrubach (locative plural)
śrubo (singular vocative)
śruby (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: шру́ба (šrúba)

Borrowed from Middle High German schrūbe. Further origin uncertain, compare German Schraube, Dutch schroef, English screw.

bor+

boat propeller (a rotating device that pushes against water)


laska

pl-noun

laska f (diminutive laseczka, augmentative lacha or laga)

laseczka (diminutive)
lacha (augmentative)
laga (augmentative)
laska (nominative singular)
laski (nominative plural)
laski (genitive singular)
lasek (genitive plural)
lasce (dative singular)
laskom (dative plural)
laskę (accusative singular)
laski (accusative plural)
laską (instrumental singular)
laskami (instrumental plural)
lasce (locative singular)
laskach (locative plural)
lasko (singular vocative)
laski (plural vocative)
láska (alternative)

(Near Masovian, milling) wooden hornbeam cylinder in coils used to transfer motion from a mill wheel to the stones

Near Masovian; milling; Near Masovian; milling


korkociąg

korkociąg (nominative singular)
korkociągi (nominative plural)
korkociągu (genitive singular)
korkociągów (genitive plural)
korkociągowi (dative singular)
korkociągom (dative plural)
korkociąg (accusative singular)
korkociągi (accusative plural)
korkociągiem (instrumental singular)
korkociągami (instrumental plural)
korkociągu (locative singular)
korkociągach (locative plural)
korkociągu (singular vocative)
korkociągi (plural vocative)


drabina

drabina f (diminutive drabinka, related adjective drabinowy)

drabinka (diminutive)
drabinowy (adjective)
drabina (nominative singular)
drabiny (nominative plural)
drabiny (genitive singular)
drabin (genitive plural)
drabinie (dative singular)
drabinom (dative plural)
drabinę (accusative singular)
drabiny (accusative plural)
drabiną (instrumental singular)
drabinami (instrumental plural)
drabinie (locative singular)
drabinach (locative plural)
drabino (singular vocative)
drabiny (plural vocative)

wspinać się po drabinie


batog

batożek (diminutive)
batog (nominative singular)
batogi (nominative plural)
batoga (genitive singular)
batogów (genitive plural)
batogowi (dative singular)
batogom (dative plural)
batog (accusative singular)
batogi (accusative plural)
batogiem (instrumental singular)
batogami (instrumental plural)
batogu (locative singular)
batogach (locative plural)
batogu (singular vocative)
batogi (plural vocative)
batoh (alternative Middle Polish)
batóg (alternative)

(chiefly in the plural) whipping (hit with a bullwhip as a punishment)

(obsolete, shoemaking) whip (rope or strap which, when pulled with a handle, e.g. a loom, causes a bumper to move)


cyrkiel

cyrkiel (nominative singular)
cyrkle (nominative plural)
cyrkla (genitive singular)
cyrkli (genitive plural)
cyrklów (genitive plural)
cyrklowi (dative singular)
cyrklom (dative plural)
cyrkiel (accusative singular)
cyrkle (accusative plural)
cyrklem (instrumental singular)
cyrklami (instrumental plural)
cyrklu (locative singular)
cyrklach (locative plural)
cyrklu (singular vocative)
cyrkle (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish cyrkiel. Doublet of cyrkuł.

compass, pair of compasses (device used with a pencil to draw an arc or circle on paper)


strug

strug (nominative singular)
strugi (nominative plural)
strugu (genitive singular)
strugów (genitive plural)
strugowi (dative singular)
strugom (dative plural)
strug (accusative singular)
strugi (accusative plural)
strugiem (instrumental singular)
strugami (instrumental plural)
strugu (locative singular)
strugach (locative plural)
strugu (singular vocative)
strugi (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *strugъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from strugać.

surf

(Przemyśl, blacksmithing) tool for shaping a horse's hoof


kotwica

pl-noun

kotwica f (diminutive kotwiczka, related adjective kotwicowy or kotwiczny)

kotwiczka (diminutive)
kotwicowy (adjective)
kotwiczny (adjective)
kotwica (nominative singular)
kotwice (nominative plural)
kotwicy (genitive singular)
kotwic (genitive plural)
kotwicy (dative singular)
kotwicom (dative plural)
kotwicę (accusative singular)
kotwice (accusative plural)
kotwicą (instrumental singular)
kotwicami (instrumental plural)
kotwicy (locative singular)
kotwicach (locative plural)
kotwico (singular vocative)
kotwice (plural vocative)

podnieść kotwicę

opuścić kotwicę, rzucić kotwicę

(nautical) anchor (tool used to moor a vessel to the bottom of a sea or river to resist movement)


żyletka

żyleta (augmentative)
żyletka (nominative singular)
żyletki (nominative plural)
żyletki (genitive singular)
żyletek (genitive plural)
żyletce (dative singular)
żyletkom (dative plural)
żyletkę (accusative singular)
żyletki (accusative plural)
żyletką (instrumental singular)
żyletkami (instrumental plural)
żyletce (locative singular)
żyletkach (locative plural)
żyletko (singular vocative)
żyletki (plural vocative)

From English Gillette + -ka, named after American businessman King C. Gillette.


klapka

klapka (nominative singular)
klapki (nominative plural)
klapki (genitive singular)
klapek (genitive plural)
klapce (dative singular)
klapkom (dative plural)
klapkę (accusative singular)
klapki (accusative plural)
klapką (instrumental singular)
klapkami (instrumental plural)
klapce (locative singular)
klapkach (locative plural)
klapko (singular vocative)
klapki (plural vocative)

(regional) flyswatter (device for swatting flies)


fajka

pl-noun

fajka f (diminutive fajeczka, augmentative faja or fajczysko, related adjective fajkowy)

fajeczka (diminutive)
faja (augmentative)
fajczysko (augmentative)
fajkowy (adjective)
fajka (nominative singular)
fajki (nominative plural)
fajki (genitive singular)
fajek (genitive plural)
fajce (dative singular)
fajkom (dative plural)
fajkę (accusative singular)
fajki (accusative plural)
fajką (instrumental singular)
fajkami (instrumental plural)
fajce (locative singular)
fajkach (locative plural)
fajko (singular vocative)
fajki (plural vocative)
falka (alternative)
fefka (alternative)
fajfka (alternative)

tobacco pipe (small, hand-held device in its simplest form consisting of a bowl and stem; used for inhaling the smoke of burning tobacco)

(colloquial) checkmark, tick (mark with a ✓ sign made to indicate agreement, correctness, or acknowledgement)

(colloquial) snorkel (hollow tube used for breathing underwater)

(hunting, in the plural) upper fang of a boar bent upwards


temperówka

temperówka (nominative singular)
temperówki (nominative plural)
temperówki (genitive singular)
temperówek (genitive plural)
temperówce (dative singular)
temperówkom (dative plural)
temperówkę (accusative singular)
temperówki (accusative plural)
temperówką (instrumental singular)
temperówkami (instrumental plural)
temperówce (locative singular)
temperówkach (locative plural)
temperówko (singular vocative)
temperówki (plural vocative)


grabie

grabki (diminutive)
grabie (nominative plural)
grabi (genitive plural)
grabiom (dative plural)
grabie (accusative plural)
grabiami (instrumental plural)
grabiach (locative plural)
grabie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *grabji. Compare the verb grabić (“to rake”).


szczotka

szczotka f (diminutive szczoteczka, augmentative szczota)

szczoteczka (diminutive)
szczota (augmentative)
szczotka (nominative singular)
szczotki (nominative plural)
szczotki (genitive singular)
szczotek (genitive plural)
szczotce (dative singular)
szczotkom (dative plural)
szczotkę (accusative singular)
szczotki (accusative plural)
szczotką (instrumental singular)
szczotkami (instrumental plural)
szczotce (locative singular)
szczotkach (locative plural)
szczotko (singular vocative)
szczotki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish szczotka, from Proto-Slavic *(š)četъka, *sъčetь.


rafla

(Kociewie, Malbork) iron or wooden comb for picking flax heads


motyka

motyczka (diminutive)
motyka (nominative singular)
motyki (nominative plural)
motyki (genitive singular)
motyk (genitive plural)
motyce (dative singular)
motykom (dative plural)
motykę (accusative singular)
motyki (accusative plural)
motyką (instrumental singular)
motykami (instrumental plural)
motyce (locative singular)
motykach (locative plural)
motyko (singular vocative)
motyki (plural vocative)


szydło

szydło (nominative singular)
szydła (nominative plural)
szydła (genitive singular)
szydeł (genitive plural)
szydłu (dative singular)
szydłom (dative plural)
szydło (accusative singular)
szydła (accusative plural)
szydłem (instrumental singular)
szydłami (instrumental plural)
szydle (locative singular)
szydłach (locative plural)
szydło (singular vocative)
szydła (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish szydło, from Proto-Slavic *šidlo. By surface analysis, szyć + -dło.


poziomica

poziomica (nominative singular)
poziomice (nominative plural)
poziomicy (genitive singular)
poziomic (genitive plural)
poziomicy (dative singular)
poziomicom (dative plural)
poziomicę (accusative singular)
poziomice (accusative plural)
poziomicą (instrumental singular)
poziomicami (instrumental plural)
poziomicy (locative singular)
poziomicach (locative plural)
poziomico (singular vocative)
poziomice (plural vocative)

level (tool for finding whether a surface is level)


zszywacz

zszywacz (nominative singular)
zszywacze (nominative plural)
zszywacza (genitive singular)
zszywaczy (genitive plural)
zszywaczowi (dative singular)
zszywaczom (dative plural)
zszywacz (accusative singular)
zszywacze (accusative plural)
zszywaczem (instrumental singular)
zszywaczami (instrumental plural)
zszywaczu (locative singular)
zszywaczach (locative plural)
zszywaczu (singular vocative)
zszywacze (plural vocative)


sierp

sierp (nominative singular)
sierpy (nominative plural)
sierpa (genitive singular)
sierpów (genitive plural)
sierpowi (dative singular)
sierpom (dative plural)
sierp (accusative singular)
sierpy (accusative plural)
sierpem (instrumental singular)
sierpami (instrumental plural)
sierpie (locative singular)
sierpach (locative plural)
sierpie (singular vocative)
sierpy (plural vocative)
sierzp (alternative)


urządzenie

urządzenie (nominative singular)
urządzenia (nominative plural)
urządzenia (genitive singular)
urządzeń (genitive plural)
urządzeniu (dative singular)
urządzeniom (dative plural)
urządzenie (accusative singular)
urządzenia (accusative plural)
urządzeniem (instrumental singular)
urządzeniami (instrumental plural)
urządzeniu (locative singular)
urządzeniach (locative plural)
urządzenie (singular vocative)
urządzenia (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: ùrządzenié (semantic loan)

Inherited from Old Polish urządzenie. By surface analysis, urządzić + -enie.

(countable, archaic) furniture (large movable items)


pacynka

pacynkowy (adjective)
pacynka (nominative singular)
pacynki (nominative plural)
pacynki (genitive singular)
pacynek (genitive plural)
pacynce (dative singular)
pacynkom (dative plural)
pacynkę (accusative singular)
pacynki (accusative plural)
pacynką (instrumental singular)
pacynkami (instrumental plural)
pacynce (locative singular)
pacynkach (locative plural)
pacynko (singular vocative)
pacynki (plural vocative)

Uncertain. Perhaps borrowed from German Patsche + -yna + -ka. Alternatively, from earlier *palcynka, from palec (“finger”). Sense 3 is a semantic loan from English sock puppet.

sl

W Szkole Podstawowej nr 1 w Ostrołęce został rozstrzygnięty konkurs międzyszkolny pod hasłem „Mój ulubiony eko-bohater z bajki, kukiełka, pacynka lub marionetka z wykorzystaniem materiałów z recyklingu”. To był dla uczniów popis kreatywności.

2023 June 15, “Pacynka z recyklingu. Uczniowie wykazali się wielkim talentem i kreatywnością (zdjęcia)”, in moja-ostroleka.pl, archived from the original on 2024-04-08:

An inter-school competition entitled “My favorite eco-hero from a fairy tale, effigy, hand puppet, or marionette using recycled materials” was held at Elementary School No. 1 in Ostrołęka. It was a display of creativity for the students.

hand puppet, glove puppet (type of puppet designed to be worn on the hand like a glove)

– Będzie nieustanna wojna. Szymon Hołownia nie potrafi się w tym jednak odnaleźć, bo jest sobą zachwycony. Został sprowadzony do roli pacynki PO. Nie wiem, czy jest tego świadomy. Pamiętam już o kilku osobach, które szybowały i nie obserwowały, co działo się za ich plecami. Żeby osiągnąć sukces, trzeba mieć jakąś rolę do zagrania. Ludzie patrzą na niego jak na „nową jakość”, ale na razie ona się ogranicza do gestykulacji i artykulacji. Czym się różni PO od Polski 2050? Tym, czym „Życie Warszawy” od „Trybuny Ludu”. Treść taka sama, tylko forma inna – mówił Rafał Ziemkiewicz w TV Republika.

2023 November 24, “Ziemkiewicz: Hołownia został sprowadzony do roli pacynki PO”, in dorzeczy.pl, archived from the original on 2024-04-08:

“There will be a constant war. Szymon Hołownia, however, is not able to find himself in it, because he is delighted with himself. He has been reduced to the role of a puppet of the Civic Platform. I do not know if he is aware of this. I remember that there have already been a few people who were soaring and did not pay attention to what was going on behind their backs. To be successful, you have to have a role to play. People look at him as some kind of “new quality,” but for now, it is limited to gesticulation and articulation. What is the difference between the Civic Platform and Poland 2050? The same as between Życie Warszawy and Trybuna Ludu. The content is the same, but the form is different,” said Rafał Ziemkiewicz on TV Republika.

(derogatory, figurative) dupe, front man, puppet, stooge, straw man (one who knowingly allows himself or herself to be used for another's profit)

Pacynka: Znana też pod nazwą ‘sock puppet account’, która odnosi się do pacynki zrobionej ze skarpety. To fałszywe konto, które zostało stworzone w mediach społecznościowych wyłącznie do trollowania. W skrócie działa to tak: myślisz, że dyskutujesz z prawdziwą osobą, a tymczasem to manipulujący dyskusją fejk, który powstał wyłącznie w tym celu.

2022 March 18, “Sealioning, whataboutyzm, ataki personalne. Popularne techniki internetowych trolli i jak ich unikać”, in f5.pl, archived from the original on 2024-04-08:

Sock puppet: Also known as ‘sock puppet account’, which refers to a puppet made from a sock. It is a fake account created on social media solely for trolling. In a nutshell, it works like this: you think you are having a discussion with a real person, but in reality, it is a manipulative fake account that was created solely for that purpose.

(Internet) sock puppet (alternative pseudonymous online account, especially one used for abuse)


pacynka

pacynka (nominative singular)
pacynki (nominative plural)
pacynki (genitive singular)
pacynek (genitive plural)
pacynce (dative singular)
pacynkom (dative plural)
pacynkę (accusative singular)
pacynki (accusative plural)
pacynką (instrumental singular)
pacynkami (instrumental plural)
pacynce (locative singular)
pacynkach (locative plural)
pacynko (singular vocative)
pacynki (plural vocative)

Perhaps borrowed from German patzen + -ka. Alternatively, from pacać + -yna + -ka.

(cosmetics) makeup stick (makeup tool consisting of a sponge attached to a handle, used for applying and blurring shadow on the eyelids)


tusz

tusz (nominative singular)
tusze (nominative plural)
tuszu (genitive singular)
tuszów (genitive plural)
tuszowi (dative singular)
tuszom (dative plural)
tusz (accusative singular)
tusze (accusative plural)
tuszem (instrumental singular)
tuszami (instrumental plural)
tuszu (locative singular)
tuszach (locative plural)
tuszu (singular vocative)
tusze (plural vocative)

(archaic) shower, shower bath (device for bathing by which water is made to fall on the body from a height, either from a tank or by the action of a pump)


piła

piłka (diminutive)
piła (nominative singular)
piły (nominative plural)
piły (genitive singular)
pił (genitive plural)
pile (dative singular)
piłom (dative plural)
piłę (accusative singular)
piły (accusative plural)
piłą (instrumental singular)
piłami (instrumental plural)
pile (locative singular)
piłach (locative plural)
piło (singular vocative)
piły (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pila. Compare German Feile.

saw, file (tool with a toothed blade used for cutting hard substances, in particular wood or metal)


tusz do rzęs

tusz do rzęs (nominative singular)
tusze do rzęs (nominative plural)
tuszu do rzęs (genitive singular)
tuszy do rzęs (genitive plural)
tuszowi do rzęs (dative singular)
tuszom do rzęs (dative plural)
tusz do rzęs (accusative singular)
tusze do rzęs (accusative plural)
tuszem do rzęs (instrumental singular)
tuszami do rzęs (instrumental plural)
tuszu do rzęs (locative singular)
tuszach do rzęs (locative plural)
tuszu do rzęs (singular vocative)
tusze do rzęs (plural vocative)

/ˈtuʂ dɔ‿ˈʐɛw̃s/

/ˈtuʂ dɔ‿ˈʐɛns/

Literally, “ink for eyelashes”, or more loosely translated as “eyelash ink”. Perhaps a calque of German Wimperntusche.


dziadek do orzechów

dziadek do orzechów (nominative singular)
dziadki do orzechów (nominative plural)
dziadka do orzechów (genitive singular)
dziadków do orzechów (genitive plural)
dziadkowi do orzechów (dative singular)
dziadkom do orzechów (dative plural)
dziadka do orzechów (accusative singular)
dziadki do orzechów (accusative plural)
dziadkiem do orzechów (instrumental singular)
dziadkami do orzechów (instrumental plural)
dziadku do orzechów (locative singular)
dziadkach do orzechów (locative plural)
dziadku do orzechów (singular vocative)
dziadki do orzechów (plural vocative)

Literally, “grandpa for nuts”, or more loosely translated as “nut grandpa”.

(idiomatic) nutcracker (implement for cracking nuts)


szpadel

szpadelek (diminutive)
szpadel (nominative singular)
szpadle (nominative plural)
szpadla (genitive singular)
szpadli (genitive plural)
szpadlowi (dative singular)
szpadlom (dative plural)
szpadel (accusative singular)
szpadle (accusative plural)
szpadlem (instrumental singular)
szpadlami (instrumental plural)
szpadlu (locative singular)
szpadlach (locative plural)
szpadlu (singular vocative)
szpadle (plural vocative)


pazur

pazurek (diminutive)
pazur (nominative singular)
pazury (nominative plural)
pazura (genitive singular)
pazurów (genitive plural)
pazurowi (dative singular)
pazurom (dative plural)
pazur (accusative singular)
pazury (accusative plural)
pazurem (instrumental singular)
pazurami (instrumental plural)
pazurze (locative singular)
pazurach (locative plural)
pazurze (singular vocative)
pazury (plural vocative)
pazura (alternative)

(countable) tool with a sharp, flat end used for levering and pulling out nails


skalpel

skalpel (nominative singular)
skalple (nominative plural)
skalpla (genitive singular)
skalpeli (genitive plural)
skalpelów (genitive plural)
skalplowi (dative singular)
skalplom (dative plural)
skalpel (accusative singular)
skalple (accusative plural)
skalplem (instrumental singular)
skalplami (instrumental plural)
skalplu (locative singular)
skalplach (locative plural)
skalplu (singular vocative)
skalple (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French scalpel, from Latin scalpellum, from scalprum (“knife”), from scalpere (“to cut”).

scalpel (knife with a very sharp blade used for surgery)


ostrze

ostrze (nominative singular)
ostrza (nominative plural)
ostrza (genitive singular)
ostrzy (genitive plural)
ostrzu (dative singular)
ostrzom (dative plural)
ostrze (accusative singular)
ostrza (accusative plural)
ostrzem (instrumental singular)
ostrzami (instrumental plural)
ostrzu (locative singular)
ostrzach (locative plural)
ostrze (singular vocative)
ostrza (plural vocative)
ojstrze (alternative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ostrьje. By surface analysis, ostry + -e.

blade (sharp-edged or pointed working end of a tool or utensil)


szufla

szufelka (diminutive)
szufla (nominative singular)
szufle (nominative plural)
szufli (genitive singular)
szufli (genitive plural)
szufli (dative singular)
szuflom (dative plural)
szuflę (accusative singular)
szufle (accusative plural)
szuflą (instrumental singular)
szuflami (instrumental plural)
szufli (locative singular)
szuflach (locative plural)
szuflo (singular vocative)
szufle (plural vocative)

shovel (tool for moving portions of material)

(Western Greater Poland) shepherd's stick with an iron shovel at the end for throwing earth in the direction where a dog is to herd the sheep

(Przemyśl, agriculture) winnower (device for winnowing grain)


szufla

(colloquial) used to encourage to shake hands to greet


statyw

statyw (nominative singular)
statywy (nominative plural)
statywu (genitive singular)
statywów (genitive plural)
statywowi (dative singular)
statywom (dative plural)
statyw (accusative singular)
statywy (accusative plural)
statywem (instrumental singular)
statywami (instrumental plural)
statywie (locative singular)
statywach (locative plural)
statywie (singular vocative)
statywy (plural vocative)

a stand or mount (usually a tripod) used to support a camera, camcorder, or other object


basior

basior (nominative singular)
basiory (nominative plural)
basiora (genitive singular)
basiorów (genitive plural)
basiorowi (dative singular)
basiorom (dative plural)
basior (accusative singular)
basiory (accusative plural)
basiorem (instrumental singular)
basiorami (instrumental plural)
basiorze (locative singular)
basiorach (locative plural)
basiorze (singular vocative)
basiory (plural vocative)
basiór (alternative)


dubas

dubas (nominative singular)
dubasy (nominative plural)
dubasa (genitive singular)
dubasów (genitive plural)
dubasowi (dative singular)
dubasom (dative plural)
dubas (accusative singular)
dubasy (accusative plural)
dubasem (instrumental singular)
dubasami (instrumental plural)
dubasie (locative singular)
dubasach (locative plural)
dubasie (singular vocative)
dubasy (plural vocative)
dziubas (alternative)

(historical, nautical) a type of riverboat used mainly for transporting goods


sprzęt

pl-noun

sprzęt m inan (diminutive sprzęcik, related adjective sprzętowy)

sprzęcik (diminutive)
sprzętowy (adjective)
sprzęt (nominative singular)
sprzęty (nominative plural)
sprzętu (genitive singular)
sprzętów (genitive plural)
sprzętowi (dative singular)
sprzętom (dative plural)
sprzęt (accusative singular)
sprzęty (accusative plural)
sprzętem (instrumental singular)
sprzętami (instrumental plural)
sprzęcie (locative singular)
sprzętach (locative plural)
sprzęcie (singular vocative)
sprzęty (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: sprzãt

→ Silesian: sprzynt

→ Slovincian: sprzãt

Deverbal from sprzątać, with a semantic shift of agricultural device for collecting produce > equipment. First attested in the 16th century.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “sprzęt”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(uncountable) equipment; gear, tackle (all items collectively used in equipping something or someone)

(countable, chiefly in the plural) equipment (single object used in equipping)

(countable, chiefly in the plural) equipment; gear, tackle (all items collectively used in a particular field of activity, such as skiing) [with do (+ genitive) ‘for what’]

(uncountable, chiefly in the plural, agriculture, obsolete) harvest (act of picking crops from the field and taking them to some place)

(uncountable, obsolete) harvest (that which is picked and taken somewhere from a field)


astrolabium

astrolabium (nominative singular)
astrolabia (nominative plural)
astrolabium (genitive singular)
astrolabiów (genitive plural)
astrolabium (dative singular)
astrolabiom (dative plural)
astrolabium (accusative singular)
astrolabia (accusative plural)
astrolabium (instrumental singular)
astrolabiami (instrumental plural)
astrolabium (locative singular)
astrolabiach (locative plural)
astrolabium (singular vocative)
astrolabia (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin astrolabium, from Ancient Greek ἀστρολάβος (astrolábos).


gwizdek

gwizdeczek (diminutive)
gwizdek (nominative singular)
gwizdki (nominative plural)
gwizdka (genitive singular)
gwizdków (genitive plural)
gwizdkowi (dative singular)
gwizdkom (dative plural)
gwizdek (accusative singular)
gwizdki (accusative plural)
gwizdkiem (instrumental singular)
gwizdkami (instrumental plural)
gwizdku (locative singular)
gwizdkach (locative plural)
gwizdku (singular vocative)
gwizdki (plural vocative)

whistle (device used to make a whistling sound)


szczoteczka

szczoteczka (nominative singular)
szczoteczki (nominative plural)
szczoteczki (genitive singular)
szczoteczek (genitive plural)
szczoteczce (dative singular)
szczoteczkom (dative plural)
szczoteczkę (accusative singular)
szczoteczki (accusative plural)
szczoteczką (instrumental singular)
szczoteczkami (instrumental plural)
szczoteczce (locative singular)
szczoteczkach (locative plural)
szczoteczko (singular vocative)
szczoteczki (plural vocative)

/ʂt͡ʂɔˈtɛt͡ʂ.ka/


wędka

wędka (nominative singular)
wędki (nominative plural)
wędki (genitive singular)
wędek (genitive plural)
wędce (dative singular)
wędkom (dative plural)
wędkę (accusative singular)
wędki (accusative plural)
wędką (instrumental singular)
wędkami (instrumental plural)
wędce (locative singular)
wędkach (locative plural)
wędko (singular vocative)
wędki (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: ווענטקע (ventke)


czekało

czekało (nominative singular)
czekała (nominative plural)
czekała (genitive singular)
czekał (genitive plural)
czekału (dative singular)
czekałom (dative plural)
czekało (accusative singular)
czekała (accusative plural)
czekałem (instrumental singular)
czekałami (instrumental plural)
czekale (locative singular)
czekałach (locative plural)
czekało (singular vocative)
czekała (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ukrainian чекало (čekalo).

(fishing) a very dense net fishing tool used for catching small fish in a shallow


bicz

pl-noun

bicz m inan (diminutive biczyk, augmentative biczysko)

biczyk (diminutive)
biczysko (augmentative)
bicz (nominative singular)
bicze (nominative plural)
bicza (genitive singular)
biczy (genitive plural)
biczów (genitive plural)
biczowi (dative singular)
biczom (dative plural)
bicz (accusative singular)
bicze (accusative plural)
biczem (instrumental singular)
biczami (instrumental plural)
biczu (locative singular)
biczach (locative plural)
biczu (singular vocative)
bicze (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish bicz, from Proto-Slavic *bičь, from *bìti. Doublet of pejcz (“horsewhip, quirt”), a borrowing from German. By surface analysis, bić + -cz.

rzemienny/skórzany bicz

trzask bicza

chłostać/wychłostać biczem

smagać/smagnąć biczem

uderzać/uderzyć biczem

whip (a flexible instrument, commonly made of leather, used to create a sharp "crack" sound for directing or herding animals)


imadło

imadło (nominative singular)
imadła (nominative plural)
imadła (genitive singular)
imadeł (genitive plural)
imadłu (dative singular)
imadłom (dative plural)
imadło (accusative singular)
imadła (accusative plural)
imadłem (instrumental singular)
imadłami (instrumental plural)
imadle (locative singular)
imadłach (locative plural)
imadło (singular vocative)
imadła (plural vocative)


lejek

lejek (nominative singular)
lejki (nominative plural)
lejka (genitive singular)
lejków (genitive plural)
lejkowi (dative singular)
lejkom (dative plural)
lejek (accusative singular)
lejki (accusative plural)
lejkiem (instrumental singular)
lejkami (instrumental plural)
lejku (locative singular)
lejkach (locative plural)
lejku (singular vocative)
lejki (plural vocative)
léjek (alternative)
lijek (alternative)


pilnik

pilniczek (diminutive)
pilnik (nominative singular)
pilniki (nominative plural)
pilnika (genitive singular)
pilników (genitive plural)
pilnikowi (dative singular)
pilnikom (dative plural)
pilnik (accusative singular)
pilniki (accusative plural)
pilnikiem (instrumental singular)
pilnikami (instrumental plural)
pilniku (locative singular)
pilnikach (locative plural)
pilniku (singular vocative)
pilniki (plural vocative)

From piła + -nik. Cognate with Carpathian Rusyn пильник (pylʹnyk), Czech pilník.


przyrząd

przyrząd (nominative singular)
przyrządy (nominative plural)
przyrządu (genitive singular)
przyrządów (genitive plural)
przyrządowi (dative singular)
przyrządom (dative plural)
przyrząd (accusative singular)
przyrządy (accusative plural)
przyrządem (instrumental singular)
przyrządami (instrumental plural)
przyrządzie (locative singular)
przyrządach (locative plural)
przyrządzie (singular vocative)
przyrządy (plural vocative)


kilof

kilofek (diminutive)
kilof (nominative singular)
kilofy (nominative plural)
kilofu (genitive singular)
kilofa (genitive singular)
kilofów (genitive plural)
kilofowi (dative singular)
kilofom (dative plural)
kilof (accusative singular)
kilofy (accusative plural)
kilofem (instrumental singular)
kilofami (instrumental plural)
kilofie (locative singular)
kilofach (locative plural)
kilofie (singular vocative)
kilofy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle High German kīlhouwe.


rączka

rączka (nominative singular)
rączki (nominative plural)
rączki (genitive singular)
rączek (genitive plural)
rączce (dative singular)
rączkom (dative plural)
rączkę (accusative singular)
rączki (accusative plural)
rączką (instrumental singular)
rączkami (instrumental plural)
rączce (locative singular)
rączkach (locative plural)
rączko (singular vocative)
rączki (plural vocative)

handle (part of an object which is held in the hand)


arfa

arfa (nominative singular)
arfy (nominative plural)
arfy (genitive singular)
arf (genitive plural)
arfie (dative singular)
arfom (dative plural)
arfę (accusative singular)
arfy (accusative plural)
arfą (instrumental singular)
arfami (instrumental plural)
arfie (locative singular)
arfach (locative plural)
arfo (singular vocative)
arfy (plural vocative)


radło

pl-noun

radło n (augmentative radlisko, related adjective (Middle Polish) radlny)

radlisko (augmentative)
radlny (Middle Polish adjective)
radło (nominative singular)
radła (nominative plural)
radła (genitive singular)
radeł (genitive plural)
radłu (dative singular)
radłom (dative plural)
radło (accusative singular)
radła (accusative plural)
radłem (instrumental singular)
radłami (instrumental plural)
radle (locative singular)
radłach (locative plural)
radło (singular vocative)
radła (plural vocative)
redło (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish radło, from Proto-Slavic *ordlo.


haczyk

haczyk (nominative singular)
haczyki (nominative plural)
haczyka (genitive singular)
haczyków (genitive plural)
haczykowi (dative singular)
haczykom (dative plural)
haczyk (accusative singular)
haczyki (accusative plural)
haczykiem (instrumental singular)
haczykami (instrumental plural)
haczyku (locative singular)
haczykach (locative plural)
haczyku (singular vocative)
haczyki (plural vocative)

(colloquial, figurative) catch (something used to convince a lot of people to accept a proposal or other offer, such as an artistic one)


pipka

pipka (nominative singular)
pipki (nominative plural)
pipki (genitive singular)
pipek (genitive plural)
pipce (dative singular)
pipkom (dative plural)
pipkę (accusative singular)
pipki (accusative plural)
pipką (instrumental singular)
pipkami (instrumental plural)
pipce (locative singular)
pipkach (locative plural)
pipko (singular vocative)
pipki (plural vocative)

tobacco pipe (small, hand-held device in its simplest form consisting of a bowl and stem; used for inhaling the smoke of burning tobacco)


wał

wałek (diminutive)
wał (nominative singular)
wały (nominative plural)
wału (genitive singular)
wałów (genitive plural)
wałowi (dative singular)
wałom (dative plural)
wał (accusative singular)
wały (accusative plural)
wałem (instrumental singular)
wałami (instrumental plural)
wale (locative singular)
wałach (locative plural)
wale (singular vocative)
wały (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish wał, from Proto-Slavic *valъ.

shaft (mechanical component used to transfer torque)


waska

(Central Greater Poland) wooden pail with a handle


wiertarka

wiertarka f (diminutive wiertareczka, augmentative wiertara)

wiertareczka (diminutive)
wiertara (augmentative)
wiertarka (nominative singular)
wiertarki (nominative plural)
wiertarki (genitive singular)
wiertarek (genitive plural)
wiertarce (dative singular)
wiertarkom (dative plural)
wiertarkę (accusative singular)
wiertarki (accusative plural)
wiertarką (instrumental singular)
wiertarkami (instrumental plural)
wiertarce (locative singular)
wiertarkach (locative plural)
wiertarko (singular vocative)
wiertarki (plural vocative)


kropidło

kropidło (nominative singular)
kropidła (nominative plural)
kropidła (genitive singular)
kropideł (genitive plural)
kropidłu (dative singular)
kropidłom (dative plural)
kropidło (accusative singular)
kropidła (accusative plural)
kropidłem (instrumental singular)
kropidłami (instrumental plural)
kropidle (locative singular)
kropidłach (locative plural)
kropidło (singular vocative)
kropidła (plural vocative)


łom

łomik (diminutive)
łom (nominative singular)
łomy (nominative plural)
łomu (genitive singular)
łomów (genitive plural)
łomowi (dative singular)
łomom (dative plural)
łom (accusative singular)
łomy (accusative plural)
łomem (instrumental singular)
łomami (instrumental plural)
łomie (locative singular)
łomach (locative plural)
łomie (singular vocative)
łomy (plural vocative)


nożyce

nożyczki (diminutive)
nożyce (nominative plural)
nożyc (genitive plural)
nożycom (dative plural)
nożyce (accusative plural)
nożycami (instrumental plural)
nożycach (locative plural)
nożyce (plural vocative)

/nɔˈʐɘ.t͡sɛ/

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nožici, from *nòžь.

shears, snips (tool consisting of two blades with bevel edges)

(gymnastics) scissors (exercise in which the legs are switched back and forth, suggesting the motion of scissors)

scissors (hand with the index and middle fingers open in the game of rock paper scissors)


rzeszoto

rzeszotko (diminutive)
rzeszoto (nominative singular)
rzeszota (nominative plural)
rzeszota (genitive singular)
rzeszot (genitive plural)
rzeszotu (dative singular)
rzeszotom (dative plural)
rzeszoto (accusative singular)
rzeszota (accusative plural)
rzeszotem (instrumental singular)
rzeszotami (instrumental plural)
rzeszocie (locative singular)
rzeszotach (locative plural)
rzeszoto (singular vocative)
rzeszota (plural vocative)


młot

młot (nominative singular)
młoty (nominative plural)
młota (genitive singular)
młotów (genitive plural)
młotowi (dative singular)
młotom (dative plural)
młot (accusative singular)
młoty (accusative plural)
młotem (instrumental singular)
młotami (instrumental plural)
młocie (locative singular)
młotach (locative plural)
młocie (singular vocative)
młoty (plural vocative)


czółenko

czółenko (nominative singular)
czółenka (nominative plural)
czółenka (genitive singular)
czółenek (genitive plural)
czółenku (dative singular)
czółenkom (dative plural)
czółenko (accusative singular)
czółenka (accusative plural)
czółenkiem (instrumental singular)
czółenkami (instrumental plural)
czółenku (locative singular)
czółenkach (locative plural)
czółenko (singular vocative)
czółenka (plural vocative)

From czółno + -ko, referring to the shape of the tool.

(weaving) shuttle (tool that carries the weft in weaving)


frezarka

frezarka (nominative singular)
frezarki (nominative plural)
frezarki (genitive singular)
frezarek (genitive plural)
frezarce (dative singular)
frezarkom (dative plural)
frezarkę (accusative singular)
frezarki (accusative plural)
frezarką (instrumental singular)
frezarkami (instrumental plural)
frezarce (locative singular)
frezarkach (locative plural)
frezarko (singular vocative)
frezarki (plural vocative)


łata

łata (nominative singular)
łaty (nominative plural)
łaty (genitive singular)
łat (genitive plural)
łacie (dative singular)
łatom (dative plural)
łatę (accusative singular)
łaty (accusative plural)
łatą (instrumental singular)
łatami (instrumental plural)
łacie (locative singular)
łatach (locative plural)
łato (singular vocative)
łaty (plural vocative)


hebel

hebel m inan (diminutive hebelek, related adjective heblowy)

hebelek (diminutive)
heblowy (adjective)
hebel (nominative singular)
heble (nominative plural)
hebla (genitive singular)
hebli (genitive plural)
heblów (genitive plural)
heblowi (dative singular)
heblom (dative plural)
hebel (accusative singular)
heble (accusative plural)
heblem (instrumental singular)
heblami (instrumental plural)
heblu (locative singular)
heblach (locative plural)
heblu (singular vocative)
heble (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish hebel, from Middle High German höbel (see modern German Hobel (“plane”)).

(colloquial, engineering) brake (device used to slow or stop the motion of a wheel, or of a vehicle, usually by friction (although other resistive forces, such as electromagnetic fields or aerodynamic drag, can also be used); also, the controls or apparatus used to engage such a mechanism such as the pedal in a car)


diaks

diaks (nominative singular)
diaksy (nominative plural)
diaksu (genitive singular)
diaksów (genitive plural)
diaksowi (dative singular)
diaksom (dative plural)
diaks (accusative singular)
diaksy (accusative plural)
diaksem (instrumental singular)
diaksami (instrumental plural)
diaksie (locative singular)
diaksach (locative plural)
diaksie (singular vocative)
diaksy (plural vocative)


suwak logarytmiczny

suwak logarytmiczny (nominative singular)
suwaki logarytmiczne (nominative plural)
suwaka logarytmicznego (genitive singular)
suwaków logarytmicznych (genitive plural)
suwakowi logarytmicznemu (dative singular)
suwakom logarytmicznym (dative plural)
suwak logarytmiczny (accusative singular)
suwaki logarytmiczne (accusative plural)
suwakiem logarytmicznym (instrumental singular)
suwakami logarytmicznymi (instrumental plural)
suwaku logarytmicznym (locative singular)
suwakach logarytmicznych (locative plural)
suwaku logarytmiczny (singular vocative)
suwaki logarytmiczne (plural vocative)


lutownica

lutownica (nominative singular)
lutownice (nominative plural)
lutownicy (genitive singular)
lutownic (genitive plural)
lutownicy (dative singular)
lutownicom (dative plural)
lutownicę (accusative singular)
lutownice (accusative plural)
lutownicą (instrumental singular)
lutownicami (instrumental plural)
lutownicy (locative singular)
lutownicach (locative plural)
lutownico (singular vocative)
lutownice (plural vocative)


obcęgi

obcążki (diminutive)
obcęgi (nominative plural)
obcęgów (genitive plural)
obcęgom (dative plural)
obcęgi (accusative plural)
obcęgami (instrumental plural)
obcęgach (locative plural)
obcęgi (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: обце́кги (obcégi), обцукгъ sg (obcug), обцуги (obcuhi), абце́ги (abcéhi) — Middle Belarusian
Belarusian: абцугі́ (abcuhí); абцэнгі (abcenhi), обцэнькі (óbcenʹki) (dialectal)
Ukrainian: обце́ньки (obcénʹky); обце́нька f sg (obcénʹka), обце́ньґи (obcénʹgy), опцьонґі (opcʹongi), о́цанки (ócanky), о́цо́нки (ócónky), цьоньки (cʹonʹky) (dialectal)
→ Russian: апчуги́ (apčugí), обцуги́ (obcugí), обцё́нки (obcjónki), обце́нки (obcénki), обце́ньки (obcénʹki), обце́ньки (obcénʹki) (dialectal)

Borrowed from Middle High German hebzange.


kombinerki

kombinerki (nominative plural)
kombinerek (genitive plural)
kombinerkom (dative plural)
kombinerki (accusative plural)
kombinerkami (instrumental plural)
kombinerkach (locative plural)
kombinerki (plural vocative)

(colloquial) combination pliers, lineman's pliers, Kleins, side-cutting pliers


ostrzałka

ostrzałka (nominative singular)
ostrzałki (nominative plural)
ostrzałki (genitive singular)
ostrzałek (genitive plural)
ostrzałce (dative singular)
ostrzałkom (dative plural)
ostrzałkę (accusative singular)
ostrzałki (accusative plural)
ostrzałką (instrumental singular)
ostrzałkami (instrumental plural)
ostrzałce (locative singular)
ostrzałkach (locative plural)
ostrzałko (singular vocative)
ostrzałki (plural vocative)


zgrzebło

zgrzebło (nominative singular)
zgrzebła (nominative plural)
zgrzebła (genitive singular)
zgrzebeł (genitive plural)
zgrzebłu (dative singular)
zgrzebłom (dative plural)
zgrzebło (accusative singular)
zgrzebła (accusative plural)
zgrzebłem (instrumental singular)
zgrzebłami (instrumental plural)
zgrzeble (locative singular)
zgrzebłach (locative plural)
zgrzebło (singular vocative)
zgrzebła (plural vocative)

currycomb (a comb or brush used to groom horses)

card (hand-held tool for preparing materials for spinning)


drąg

drążek (diminutive)
drąg (nominative singular)
drągi (nominative plural)
drąga (genitive singular)
drągów (genitive plural)
drągowi (dative singular)
drągom (dative plural)
drąg (accusative singular)
drągi (accusative plural)
drągiem (instrumental singular)
drągami (instrumental plural)
drągu (locative singular)
drągach (locative plural)
drągu (singular vocative)
drągi (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: דראָנג (drong)


piszczel

pl-noun

piszczel f or m inan (related adjective piszczelowy)

piszczelowy (adjective)
piszczel (nominative singular)
piszczele (nominative plural)
piszczeli (genitive singular)
piszczeli (genitive plural)
piszczeli (dative singular)
piszczelom (dative plural)
piszczel (accusative singular)
piszczele (accusative plural)
piszczelą (instrumental singular)
piszczelami (instrumental plural)
piszczeli (locative singular)
piszczelach (locative plural)
piszczeli (singular vocative)
piszczele (plural vocative)
piszczel (nominative singular)
piszczele (nominative plural)
piszczela (genitive singular)
piszczeli (genitive plural)
piszczelów (genitive plural)
piszczelowi (dative singular)
piszczelom (dative plural)
piszczel (accusative singular)
piszczele (accusative plural)
piszczelem (instrumental singular)
piszczelami (instrumental plural)
piszczelu (locative singular)
piszczelach (locative plural)
piszczelu (singular vocative)
piszczele (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *piščalь, from *piskati, *piščati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pīṣk-. Doublet of pistolet.


lemiesz

lemiesz (nominative singular)
lemiesze (nominative plural)
lemiesza (genitive singular)
lemieszy (genitive plural)
lemieszowi (dative singular)
lemieszom (dative plural)
lemiesz (accusative singular)
lemiesze (accusative plural)
lemieszem (instrumental singular)
lemieszami (instrumental plural)
lemieszu (locative singular)
lemieszach (locative plural)
lemieszu (singular vocative)
lemiesze (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish lemiesz, from Proto-Slavic *lemešь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *lémešis.


świder

świder m inan (diminutive świderek, related adjective świdrowy)

świderek (diminutive)
świdrowy (adjective)
świder (nominative singular)
świdry (nominative plural)
świdra (genitive singular)
świdrów (genitive plural)
świdrowi (dative singular)
świdrom (dative plural)
świder (accusative singular)
świdry (accusative plural)
świdrem (instrumental singular)
świdrami (instrumental plural)
świdrze (locative singular)
świdrach (locative plural)
świdrze (singular vocative)
świdry (plural vocative)
świedr (alternative Middle Polish)
świedrz (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish świder, from Proto-Slavic *svьrdьlъ.

ni pies, ni wydra, coś na kształt świdra


wiertło

wiertełko (diminutive)
wiertło (nominative singular)
wiertła (nominative plural)
wiertła (genitive singular)
wierteł (genitive plural)
wiertłu (dative singular)
wiertłom (dative plural)
wiertło (accusative singular)
wiertła (accusative plural)
wiertłem (instrumental singular)
wiertłami (instrumental plural)
wiertle (locative singular)
wiertłach (locative plural)
wiertło (singular vocative)
wiertła (plural vocative)


kowadło

kowadełko (diminutive)
kowadło (nominative singular)
kowadła (nominative plural)
kowadła (genitive singular)
kowadeł (genitive plural)
kowadłu (dative singular)
kowadłom (dative plural)
kowadło (accusative singular)
kowadła (accusative plural)
kowadłem (instrumental singular)
kowadłami (instrumental plural)
kowadle (locative singular)
kowadłach (locative plural)
kowadło (singular vocative)
kowadła (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: кава́дла (kavádla)

→ Ukrainian: кова́дло (kovádlo)

→ Russian: кува́лда (kuválda)

→ Belarusian: кува́лда (kuválda)

→ Ukrainian: кува́лда (kuválda)


kowadełko

kowadełko (nominative singular)
kowadełka (nominative plural)
kowadełka (genitive singular)
kowadełek (genitive plural)
kowadełku (dative singular)
kowadełkom (dative plural)
kowadełko (accusative singular)
kowadełka (accusative plural)
kowadełkiem (instrumental singular)
kowadełkami (instrumental plural)
kowadełku (locative singular)
kowadełkach (locative plural)
kowadełko (singular vocative)
kowadełka (plural vocative)


naparstek

naparstek (nominative singular)
naparstki (nominative plural)
naparstka (genitive singular)
naparstków (genitive plural)
naparstkowi (dative singular)
naparstkom (dative plural)
naparstek (accusative singular)
naparstki (accusative plural)
naparstkiem (instrumental singular)
naparstkami (instrumental plural)
naparstku (locative singular)
naparstkach (locative plural)
naparstku (singular vocative)
naparstki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *napьrstъkъ, a derivative of *pьrstъ.


oskard

oskard (nominative singular)
oskardy (nominative plural)
oskarda (genitive singular)
oskardów (genitive plural)
oskardowi (dative singular)
oskardom (dative plural)
oskard (accusative singular)
oskardy (accusative plural)
oskardem (instrumental singular)
oskardami (instrumental plural)
oskardzie (locative singular)
oskardach (locative plural)
oskardzie (singular vocative)
oskardy (plural vocative)
oszkard (alternative rare)

Inherited from Old Polish hoskard, oskard, from Proto-Slavic *oskъrdъ.


krzesiwo

krzesiwko (diminutive)
krzesiwo (nominative singular)
krzesiwa (nominative plural)
krzesiwa (genitive singular)
krzesiw (genitive plural)
krzesiwu (dative singular)
krzesiwom (dative plural)
krzesiwo (accusative singular)
krzesiwa (accusative plural)
krzesiwem (instrumental singular)
krzesiwami (instrumental plural)
krzesiwie (locative singular)
krzesiwach (locative plural)
krzesiwo (singular vocative)
krzesiwa (plural vocative)


ciosła

ciosła (nominative singular)
ciosły (nominative plural)
ciosły (genitive singular)
cioseł (genitive plural)
ciośle (dative singular)
ciosłom (dative plural)
ciosłę (accusative singular)
ciosły (accusative plural)
ciosłą (instrumental singular)
ciosłami (instrumental plural)
ciośle (locative singular)
ciosłach (locative plural)
ciosło (singular vocative)
ciosły (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tesla. Doublet of tesla.


rydel

pl-noun

rydel m inan (diminutive rydelek or rydlik, related adjective rydlowy)

rydelek (diminutive)
rydlik (diminutive)
rydlowy (adjective)
rydel (nominative singular)
rydle (nominative plural)
rydla (genitive singular)
rydli (genitive plural)
rydlów (genitive plural)
rydlowi (dative singular)
rydlom (dative plural)
rydel (accusative singular)
rydle (accusative plural)
rydlem (instrumental singular)
rydlami (instrumental plural)
rydlu (locative singular)
rydlach (locative plural)
rydlu (singular vocative)
rydle (plural vocative)
rydl (alternative Middle Polish)
ryl (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish rydl, from Proto-Slavic *rydlo. Doublet of ryło.


czerpak

czerpaczek (diminutive)
czerpak (nominative singular)
czerpaki (nominative plural)
czerpaka (genitive singular)
czerpaków (genitive plural)
czerpakowi (dative singular)
czerpakom (dative plural)
czerpak (accusative singular)
czerpaki (accusative plural)
czerpakiem (instrumental singular)
czerpakami (instrumental plural)
czerpaku (locative singular)
czerpakach (locative plural)
czerpaku (singular vocative)
czerpaki (plural vocative)

bucket, scoop (part of a piece of machinery that resembles a bucket)


rylec

rylec (nominative singular)
rylce (nominative plural)
rylca (genitive singular)
rylców (genitive plural)
rylcowi (dative singular)
rylcom (dative plural)
rylec (accusative singular)
rylce (accusative plural)
rylcem (instrumental singular)
rylcami (instrumental plural)
rylcu (locative singular)
rylcach (locative plural)
rylcu (singular vocative)
rylce (plural vocative)


wiecheć

wiechetek (diminutive)
wiecheć (nominative singular)
wiechcie (nominative plural)
wiechcia (genitive singular)
wiechci (genitive plural)
wiechciowi (dative singular)
wiechciom (dative plural)
wiechcia (accusative singular)
wiechcie (accusative plural)
wiechciem (instrumental singular)
wiechciami (instrumental plural)
wiechciu (locative singular)
wiechciach (locative plural)
wiechciu (singular vocative)
wiechcie (plural vocative)


czekan

czekan (nominative singular)
czekany (nominative plural)
czekana (genitive singular)
czekanów (genitive plural)
czekanowi (dative singular)
czekanom (dative plural)
czekan (accusative singular)
czekany (accusative plural)
czekanem (instrumental singular)
czekanami (instrumental plural)
czekanie (locative singular)
czekanach (locative plural)
czekanie (singular vocative)
czekany (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ukrainian чека́н (čekán), from Old East Slavic чеканъ (čekanŭ), from Proto-Slavic *čekanъ, from a Turkic language. Corresponds with many other cognates, including Romanian ciocan, Bulgarian чук (čuk), чукан (čukan), Serbo-Croatian čekić, Albanian çekan, Hungarian csákány.


wiejadło

wiejadło (nominative singular)
wiejadła (nominative plural)
wiejadła (genitive singular)
wiejadeł (genitive plural)
wiejadłu (dative singular)
wiejadłom (dative plural)
wiejadło (accusative singular)
wiejadła (accusative plural)
wiejadłem (instrumental singular)
wiejadłami (instrumental plural)
wiejadle (locative singular)
wiejadłach (locative plural)
wiejadło (singular vocative)
wiejadła (plural vocative)


osełka

osełka (nominative singular)
osełki (nominative plural)
osełki (genitive singular)
osełek (genitive plural)
osełce (dative singular)
osełkom (dative plural)
osełkę (accusative singular)
osełki (accusative plural)
osełką (instrumental singular)
osełkami (instrumental plural)
osełce (locative singular)
osełkach (locative plural)
osełko (singular vocative)
osełki (plural vocative)
ôsełka (alternative)


radlica

radlica (nominative singular)
radlice (nominative plural)
radlicy (genitive singular)
radlic (genitive plural)
radlicy (dative singular)
radlicom (dative plural)
radlicę (accusative singular)
radlice (accusative plural)
radlicą (instrumental singular)
radlicami (instrumental plural)
radlicy (locative singular)
radlicach (locative plural)
radlico (singular vocative)
radlice (plural vocative)
redlica (alternative)


palnik

palnik (nominative singular)
palniki (nominative plural)
palnika (genitive singular)
palników (genitive plural)
palnikowi (dative singular)
palnikom (dative plural)
palnik (accusative singular)
palniki (accusative plural)
palnikiem (instrumental singular)
palnikami (instrumental plural)
palniku (locative singular)
palnikach (locative plural)
palniku (singular vocative)
palniki (plural vocative)


tłuczek

tłuczek (nominative singular)
tłuczki (nominative plural)
tłuczka (genitive singular)
tłuczków (genitive plural)
tłuczkowi (dative singular)
tłuczkom (dative plural)
tłuczek (accusative singular)
tłuczki (accusative plural)
tłuczkiem (instrumental singular)
tłuczkami (instrumental plural)
tłuczku (locative singular)
tłuczkach (locative plural)
tłuczku (singular vocative)
tłuczki (plural vocative)

pestle (instrument used with a mortar to grind things)

tłuczek do mięsa

tłuczek do ziemniaków


graca

gracka (diminutive)
graca (nominative singular)
grace (nominative plural)
gracy (genitive singular)
grac (genitive plural)
gracy (dative singular)
gracom (dative plural)
gracę (accusative singular)
grace (accusative plural)
gracą (instrumental singular)
gracami (instrumental plural)
gracy (locative singular)
gracach (locative plural)
graco (singular vocative)
grace (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle High German kratze.


nitownica

nitownica (nominative singular)
nitownice (nominative plural)
nitownicy (genitive singular)
nitownic (genitive plural)
nitownicy (dative singular)
nitownicom (dative plural)
nitownicę (accusative singular)
nitownice (accusative plural)
nitownicą (instrumental singular)
nitownicami (instrumental plural)
nitownicy (locative singular)
nitownicach (locative plural)
nitownico (singular vocative)
nitownice (plural vocative)


prostownica

prostownica (nominative singular)
prostownice (nominative plural)
prostownicy (genitive singular)
prostownic (genitive plural)
prostownicy (dative singular)
prostownicom (dative plural)
prostownicę (accusative singular)
prostownice (accusative plural)
prostownicą (instrumental singular)
prostownicami (instrumental plural)
prostownicy (locative singular)
prostownicach (locative plural)
prostownico (singular vocative)
prostownice (plural vocative)


ciesak

ciesak (nominative singular)
ciesaki (nominative plural)
ciesaka (genitive singular)
ciesaków (genitive plural)
ciesakowi (dative singular)
ciesakom (dative plural)
ciesak (accusative singular)
ciesaki (accusative plural)
ciesakiem (instrumental singular)
ciesakami (instrumental plural)
ciesaku (locative singular)
ciesakach (locative plural)
ciesaku (singular vocative)
ciesaki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tesakъ. By surface analysis, ciosać + -ak. Doublet of ciosak (“stonemason's pickaxe”) and tasak (“cleaver”).


cieślica

cieślica (nominative singular)
cieślice (nominative plural)
cieślicy (genitive singular)
cieślic (genitive plural)
cieślicy (dative singular)
cieślicom (dative plural)
cieślicę (accusative singular)
cieślice (accusative plural)
cieślicą (instrumental singular)
cieślicami (instrumental plural)
cieślicy (locative singular)
cieślicach (locative plural)
cieślico (singular vocative)
cieślice (plural vocative)


skrobak

skrobak (nominative singular)
skrobaki (nominative plural)
skrobaka (genitive singular)
skrobaków (genitive plural)
skrobakowi (dative singular)
skrobakom (dative plural)
skrobak (accusative singular)
skrobaki (accusative plural)
skrobakiem (instrumental singular)
skrobakami (instrumental plural)
skrobaku (locative singular)
skrobakach (locative plural)
skrobaku (singular vocative)
skrobaki (plural vocative)
skrobaka (alternative)


szczypce

pl-noun

szczypce nvir pl (diminutive szczypczyki)

szczypczyki (diminutive)
szczypce (nominative plural)
szczypiec (genitive plural)
szczypców (genitive plural)
szczypcom (dative plural)
szczypce (accusative plural)
szczypcami (instrumental plural)
szczypcach (locative plural)
szczypce (plural vocative)

/ˈʂt͡ʂɘp.t͡sɛ/


pędzel

pędzelek (diminutive)
pędzel (nominative singular)
pędzle (nominative plural)
pędzla (genitive singular)
pędzli (genitive plural)
pędzlowi (dative singular)
pędzlom (dative plural)
pędzel (accusative singular)
pędzle (accusative plural)
pędzlem (instrumental singular)
pędzlami (instrumental plural)
pędzlu (locative singular)
pędzlach (locative plural)
pędzlu (singular vocative)
pędzle (plural vocative)
pęzeł (alternative)
pęzel (alternative)

→ Belarusian: пэ́ндзаль (péndzalʹ)

→ Russian: бе́нзель (bénzelʹ)

→ Ukrainian: пе́нзель (pénzelʹ)

Borrowed from Middle High German pinsel, from Old French pincel, from Latin pēnicillum.


bosak

bosak (nominative singular)
bosaki (nominative plural)
bosaka (genitive singular)
bosaków (genitive plural)
bosakowi (dative singular)
bosakom (dative plural)
bosak (accusative singular)
bosaki (accusative plural)
bosakiem (instrumental singular)
bosakami (instrumental plural)
bosaku (locative singular)
bosakach (locative plural)
bosaku (singular vocative)
bosaki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bosakъ. By surface analysis, bosy + -ak.


żarna

żarna nvir pl (related adjective żarnowy)

żarnowy (adjective)
żarna (nominative plural)
żaren (genitive plural)
żarn (genitive plural)
żarnom (dative plural)
żarna (accusative plural)
żarnami (instrumental plural)
żarnach (locative plural)
żarna (plural vocative)
żorna (alternative)

quern (mill for grinding corn, especially a handmill made of two circular stones)

(figurative, literary) succession of some changes


ożóg

ożóg (nominative singular)
ożogi (nominative plural)
ożoga (genitive singular)
ożogów (genitive plural)
ożogowi (dative singular)
ożogom (dative plural)
ożóg (accusative singular)
ożogi (accusative plural)
ożogiem (instrumental singular)
ożogami (instrumental plural)
ożogu (locative singular)
ożogach (locative plural)
ożogu (singular vocative)
ożogi (plural vocative)
ôżóg (alternative)

primitive poker (rod used for stirring fire)


głownia

głowienka (diminutive)
głownia (nominative singular)
głownie (nominative plural)
głowni (genitive singular)
głowni (genitive plural)
głowni (dative singular)
głowniom (dative plural)
głownię (accusative singular)
głownie (accusative plural)
głownią (instrumental singular)
głowniami (instrumental plural)
głowni (locative singular)
głowniach (locative plural)
głownio (singular vocative)
głownie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *golvьňà. By surface analysis, głowa + -nia.

smut (range of fungi that cause crop disease); fungus of the genus Ustilago


koziołek

koziołek (nominative singular)
koziołki (nominative plural)
koziołka (genitive singular)
koziołków (genitive plural)
koziołkowi (dative singular)
koziołkom (dative plural)
koziołek (accusative singular)
koziołki (accusative plural)
koziołkiem (instrumental singular)
koziołkami (instrumental plural)
koziołku (locative singular)
koziołkach (locative plural)
koziołku (singular vocative)
koziołki (plural vocative)

sawhorse (structure with a crosspiece used to support timber or other material for working)


szpikulec

szpikulec (nominative singular)
szpikulce (nominative plural)
szpikulca (genitive singular)
szpikulców (genitive plural)
szpikulcowi (dative singular)
szpikulcom (dative plural)
szpikulec (accusative singular)
szpikulce (accusative plural)
szpikulcem (instrumental singular)
szpikulcami (instrumental plural)
szpikulcu (locative singular)
szpikulcach (locative plural)
szpikulcu (singular vocative)
szpikulce (plural vocative)

From szpic + -ulec. Voiced "k" perhaps under the influence of pikać (“to pierce”).


tłuk

tłuk (nominative singular)
tłuki (nominative plural)
tłuka (genitive singular)
tłuków (genitive plural)
tłukowi (dative singular)
tłukom (dative plural)
tłuk (accusative singular)
tłuki (accusative plural)
tłukiem (instrumental singular)
tłukami (instrumental plural)
tłuku (locative singular)
tłukach (locative plural)
tłuku (singular vocative)
tłuki (plural vocative)

implement used to propel a boat and measure water depth


włośnica

włośnica (nominative singular)
włośnice (nominative plural)
włośnicy (genitive singular)
włośnic (genitive plural)
włośnicy (dative singular)
włośnicom (dative plural)
włośnicę (accusative singular)
włośnice (accusative plural)
włośnicą (instrumental singular)
włośnicami (instrumental plural)
włośnicy (locative singular)
włośnicach (locative plural)
włośnico (singular vocative)
włośnice (plural vocative)

a type of saw (tool with a toothed blade)


drobniaczek

drobniaczek (nominative singular)
drobniaczki (nominative plural)
drobniaczka (genitive singular)
drobniaczków (genitive plural)
drobniaczkowi (dative singular)
drobniaczkom (dative plural)
drobniaczka (accusative singular)
drobniaczki (accusative plural)
drobniaczkiem (instrumental singular)
drobniaczkami (instrumental plural)
drobniaczku (locative singular)
drobniaczkach (locative plural)
drobniaczku (singular vocative)
drobniaczki (plural vocative)


drobniak

drobniak m animal (diminutive drobniaczek)

drobniaczek (diminutive)
drobniak (nominative singular)
drobniaki (nominative plural)
drobniaka (genitive singular)
drobniaków (genitive plural)
drobniakowi (dative singular)
drobniakom (dative plural)
drobniaka (accusative singular)
drobniaki (accusative plural)
drobniakiem (instrumental singular)
drobniakami (instrumental plural)
drobniaku (locative singular)
drobniakach (locative plural)
drobniaku (singular vocative)
drobniaki (plural vocative)


gładzik

gładzik (nominative singular)
gładziki (nominative plural)
gładzika (genitive singular)
gładzików (genitive plural)
gładzikowi (dative singular)
gładzikom (dative plural)
gładzik (accusative singular)
gładziki (accusative plural)
gładzikiem (instrumental singular)
gładzikami (instrumental plural)
gładziku (locative singular)
gładzikach (locative plural)
gładziku (singular vocative)
gładziki (plural vocative)

a type of plane (tool for smoothing wood)

a tool used by bookbinders to smooth leather


drążek

drążek (nominative singular)
drążki (nominative plural)
drążka (genitive singular)
drążków (genitive plural)
drążkowi (dative singular)
drążkom (dative plural)
drążek (accusative singular)
drążki (accusative plural)
drążkiem (instrumental singular)
drążkami (instrumental plural)
drążku (locative singular)
drążkach (locative plural)
drążku (singular vocative)
drążki (plural vocative)


rosocha

rosocha (nominative singular)
rosochy (nominative plural)
rosochy (genitive singular)
rosoch (genitive plural)
rososze (dative singular)
rosochom (dative plural)
rosochę (accusative singular)
rosochy (accusative plural)
rosochą (instrumental singular)
rosochami (instrumental plural)
rososze (locative singular)
rosochach (locative plural)
rosocho (singular vocative)
rosochy (plural vocative)
rozsocha (alternative obsolete)

Inherited from Old Polish rosocha, from Proto-Slavic *orzsoxa.


trójnóg

trójnóg (nominative singular)
trójnogi (nominative plural)
trójnoga (genitive singular)
trójnogu (genitive singular)
trójnogów (genitive plural)
trójnogowi (dative singular)
trójnogom (dative plural)
trójnóg (accusative singular)
trójnogi (accusative plural)
trójnogiem (instrumental singular)
trójnogami (instrumental plural)
trójnogu (locative singular)
trójnogach (locative plural)
trójnogu (singular vocative)
trójnogi (plural vocative)


dwójnóg

dwójnóg (nominative singular)
dwójnogi (nominative plural)
dwójnoga (genitive singular)
dwójnogów (genitive plural)
dwójnogowi (dative singular)
dwójnogom (dative plural)
dwójnóg (accusative singular)
dwójnogi (accusative plural)
dwójnogiem (instrumental singular)
dwójnogami (instrumental plural)
dwójnogu (locative singular)
dwójnogach (locative plural)
dwójnogu (singular vocative)
dwójnogi (plural vocative)