kiwi

kiwi (any ratite of the order Apterygiformes)


tortilla

tortilla (nominative singular)
tortille (nominative plural)
tortilli (genitive singular)
tortilli (genitive plural)
tortill (genitive plural)
tortilli (dative singular)
tortillom (dative plural)
tortillę (accusative singular)
tortille (accusative plural)
tortillą (instrumental singular)
tortillami (instrumental plural)
tortilli (locative singular)
tortillach (locative plural)
tortillo (singular vocative)
tortille (plural vocative)

tortilla, Spanish omelette (molded omelette made with the addition of fried potatoes and often onions)


bal

bal (nominative singular)
bale (nominative plural)
balu (genitive singular)
bali (genitive plural)
balowi (dative singular)
balom (dative plural)
bal (accusative singular)
bale (accusative plural)
balem (instrumental singular)
balami (instrumental plural)
balu (locative singular)
balach (locative plural)
balu (singular vocative)
bale (plural vocative)

bale (rounded bundle or package of goods in a cloth cover, and corded for storage or transportation, ten reams)


cebula

pl-noun

cebula f (diminutive cebulka, related adjective cebulowy)

cebulka (diminutive)
cebulowy (adjective)
cebula (nominative singular)
cebule (nominative plural)
cebuli (genitive singular)
cebul (genitive plural)
cebuli (genitive plural)
cebuli (dative singular)
cebulom (dative plural)
cebulę (accusative singular)
cebule (accusative plural)
cebulą (instrumental singular)
cebulami (instrumental plural)
cebuli (locative singular)
cebulach (locative plural)
cebulo (singular vocative)
cebule (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja), цебу́лꙗ (cebúlja), цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja)
Belarusian: цыбу́ля (cybúlja)
Carpathian Rusyn: цибу́ля (cybúlja)
Ukrainian: цибу́ля (cybúlja); цебу́ля (cebúlja) (dialectal)
→ Russian: цибу́ля (cibúlja) (dialectal)

Inherited from Old Polish cebula, from Middle High German zibolle, zebülle, zwibole, from Late Latin cēpulla, from Latin cēpa.


cebulka

cebulka (nominative singular)
cebulki (nominative plural)
cebulki (genitive singular)
cebulek (genitive plural)
cebulce (dative singular)
cebulkom (dative plural)
cebulkę (accusative singular)
cebulki (accusative plural)
cebulką (instrumental singular)
cebulkami (instrumental plural)
cebulce (locative singular)
cebulkach (locative plural)
cebulko (singular vocative)
cebulki (plural vocative)


ber

ber (nominative singular)
bery (nominative plural)
beru (genitive singular)
berów (genitive plural)
berowi (dative singular)
berom (dative plural)
ber (accusative singular)
bery (accusative plural)
berem (instrumental singular)
berami (instrumental plural)
berze (locative singular)
berach (locative plural)
berze (singular vocative)
bery (plural vocative)
ber (nominative singular)
bry (nominative plural)
bru (genitive singular)
brów (genitive plural)
browi (dative singular)
brom (dative plural)
ber (accusative singular)
bry (accusative plural)
brem (instrumental singular)
brami (instrumental plural)
brze (locative singular)
brach (locative plural)
brze (singular vocative)
bry (plural vocative)

Setaria italica
Setaria italica#Translingual


pet

pecik (diminutive)
pet (nominative singular)
pety (nominative plural)
peta (genitive singular)
petów (genitive plural)
petowi (dative singular)
petom (dative plural)
pet (accusative singular)
pety (accusative plural)
petem (instrumental singular)
petami (instrumental plural)
pecie (locative singular)
petach (locative plural)
pecie (singular vocative)
pety (plural vocative)


koper

koperek (diminutive)
koper (nominative singular)
kopru (genitive singular)
koprowi (dative singular)
koper (accusative singular)
koprem (instrumental singular)
koprze (locative singular)
koprze (singular vocative)


popcorn

popcorn (nominative singular)
popcornu (genitive singular)
popcornowi (dative singular)
popcorn (accusative singular)
popcornem (instrumental singular)
popcornie (locative singular)
popcornie (singular vocative)

popcorn (snack food made from maize kernels popped by dry heating)


melon

pl-noun

melon m inan (diminutive melonik, related adjective melonowy)

melonik (diminutive)
melonowy (adjective)
melon (nominative singular)
melony (nominative plural)
melona (genitive singular)
melonów (genitive plural)
melonowi (dative singular)
melonom (dative plural)
melon (accusative singular)
melony (accusative plural)
melonem (instrumental singular)
melonami (instrumental plural)
melonie (locative singular)
melonach (locative plural)
melonie (singular vocative)
melony (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin mēlōnis.

lbor

melon (large, round to ovoid fruits that have rinds and are of such plants)


mango

pl-noun

mango n (indeclinable, related adjective mangowy)

mango (any plant of the genus Mangifera)


pyra

pyra f (diminutive pyrka or pyreczka or pyruszka)

pyrka (diminutive)
pyreczka (diminutive)
pyruszka (diminutive)
pyra (nominative singular)
pyry (nominative plural)
pyry (genitive singular)
pyr (genitive plural)
pyrze (dative singular)
pyrom (dative plural)
pyrę (accusative singular)
pyry (accusative plural)
pyrą (instrumental singular)
pyrami (instrumental plural)
pyrze (locative singular)
pyrach (locative plural)
pyro (singular vocative)
pyry (plural vocative)

Unknown. May be related to Peru where potatoes come from.

(regional, Poznań, Łódź or dialectal, Krajna) potato


pera

perka (diminutive)
pera (nominative singular)
pery (nominative plural)
pery (genitive singular)
per (genitive plural)
perze (dative singular)
perom (dative plural)
perę (accusative singular)
pery (accusative plural)
perą (instrumental singular)
perami (instrumental plural)
perze (locative singular)
perach (locative plural)
pero (singular vocative)
pery (plural vocative)


kapusta

kapusta f (diminutive kapustka, augmentative kapucha or kapuścisko, related adjective kapuściany or kapustny)

kapustka (diminutive)
kapucha (augmentative)
kapuścisko (augmentative)
kapuściany (adjective)
kapustny (adjective)
kapusta (nominative singular)
kapusty (genitive singular)
kapuście (dative singular)
kapustę (accusative singular)
kapustą (instrumental singular)
kapuście (locative singular)
kapusto (singular vocative)

→ English: kapusta

→ Yiddish: קאַפּוסטע (kapuste)

An old Romance borrowing, probably formed from a contamination of Medieval Latin composita and caputium. Compare Belarusian капу́ста (kapústa), Kashubian kapùsta, Russian капу́ста (kapústa), Silesian kapusta, Slovak kapusta, Ukrainian капу́ста (kapústa), Serbo-Croatian kupus.

cabbage (leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable)


kapusta

kapusta (nominative singular)
kapusty (nominative plural)
kapusty (genitive singular)
kapustów (genitive plural)
kapuście (dative singular)
kapustom (dative plural)
kapustę (accusative singular)
kapustów (accusative plural)
kapustą (instrumental singular)
kapustami (instrumental plural)
kapuście (locative singular)
kapustach (locative plural)
kapusto (singular vocative)
kapusty (plural vocative)

(colloquial, derogatory) cabbage (person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage)

(slang) informant, snitch (one who relays confidential information)


malina

malinka (diminutive)
malina (nominative singular)
maliny (nominative plural)
maliny (genitive singular)
malin (genitive plural)
malinie (dative singular)
malinom (dative plural)
malinę (accusative singular)
maliny (accusative plural)
maliną (instrumental singular)
malinami (instrumental plural)
malinie (locative singular)
malinach (locative plural)
malino (singular vocative)
maliny (plural vocative)

→ Low Prussian: Malinne

raspberry (certain species in the genus Rubus)


marchewka

marchewka f (diminutive marcheweczka, related adjective marchewkowy)

marcheweczka (diminutive)
marchewkowy (adjective)
marchewka (nominative singular)
marchewki (nominative plural)
marchewki (genitive singular)
marchewek (genitive plural)
marchewce (dative singular)
marchewkom (dative plural)
marchewkę (accusative singular)
marchewki (accusative plural)
marchewką (instrumental singular)
marchewkami (instrumental plural)
marchewce (locative singular)
marchewkach (locative plural)
marchewko (singular vocative)
marchewki (plural vocative)

(colloquial) redhead (person with red hair)


por

por m inan or (animal-not-person canonical masculine)
por (nominative singular)
pory (nominative plural)
pora (genitive singular)
porów (genitive plural)
porowi (dative singular)
porom (dative plural)
por (accusative singular)
pora (accusative singular)
pory (accusative plural)
porem (instrumental singular)
porami (instrumental plural)
porze (locative singular)
porach (locative plural)
porze (singular vocative)
pory (plural vocative)

Allium ampeloprasum
Allium ampeloprasum#Translingual


por

por (nominative singular)
pory (nominative plural)
pora (genitive singular)
poru (genitive singular)
porów (genitive plural)
porowi (dative singular)
porom (dative plural)
por (accusative singular)
pory (accusative plural)
porem (instrumental singular)
porami (instrumental plural)
porze (locative singular)
porach (locative plural)
porze (singular vocative)
pory (plural vocative)

pore (microscopic hole found in some solids)


lima

lima (nominative singular)
limy (nominative plural)
limy (genitive singular)
lim (genitive plural)
limie (dative singular)
limom (dative plural)
limę (accusative singular)
limy (accusative plural)
limą (instrumental singular)
limami (instrumental plural)
limie (locative singular)
limach (locative plural)
limo (singular vocative)
limy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish lima, from Andalusian Arabic لِيمَة (lima), from Arabic لَيْمُون (laymūn, “lemon, lime”), from Persian لیمو (lēmō, līmū).


jalapeño

Unadapted borrowing from Mexican Spanish jalapeño.


polo

Borrowed from English polo, from Balti پولو (polo).


figa

figowy (adjective)
figa (nominative singular)
figi (nominative plural)
figi (genitive singular)
fig (genitive plural)
fidze (dative singular)
figom (dative plural)
figę (accusative singular)
figi (accusative plural)
figą (instrumental singular)
figami (instrumental plural)
fidze (locative singular)
figach (locative plural)
figo (singular vocative)
figi (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Russian: фи́га (fíga)
→ Kildin Sami: фӣга (fīga)

Borrowed from Middle High German vîge. Doublet of fikus and pigwa.

fig (fruit of the fig tree, pear-shaped and containing many small seeds)


balsa

balsowy (adjective)
balsa (nominative singular)
balsy (nominative plural)
balsy (genitive singular)
bals (genitive plural)
balsie (dative singular)
balsom (dative plural)
balsę (accusative singular)
balsy (accusative plural)
balsą (instrumental singular)
balsami (instrumental plural)
balsie (locative singular)
balsach (locative plural)
balso (singular vocative)
balsy (plural vocative)

Ochroma pyramidale
Wikispecies:Ochroma pyramidale


volta

volta (nominative singular)
volty (nominative plural)
volty (genitive singular)
volt (genitive plural)
volcie (dative singular)
voltom (dative plural)
voltę (accusative singular)
volty (accusative plural)
voltą (instrumental singular)
voltami (instrumental plural)
volcie (locative singular)
voltach (locative plural)
volto (singular vocative)
volty (plural vocative)


wino

pl-noun

wino n (diminutive winko, augmentative wińsko)

winko (diminutive)
wińsko (augmentative)
wino (nominative singular)
wina (nominative plural)
wina (genitive singular)
win (genitive plural)
winu (dative singular)
winom (dative plural)
wino (accusative singular)
wina (accusative plural)
winem (instrumental singular)
winami (instrumental plural)
winie (locative singular)
winach (locative plural)
wino (singular vocative)
wina (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish wino, from Proto-Slavic *vino.

wino słodkie

wino półsłodkie

wino półwytrawne

wino wytrawne

wino białe

wino czerwone

wino różowe


cis

cisowy (adjective)
cis (nominative singular)
cisy (nominative plural)
cisa (genitive singular)
cisu (genitive singular)
cisów (genitive plural)
cisowi (dative singular)
cisom (dative plural)
cis (accusative singular)
cisy (accusative plural)
cisem (instrumental singular)
cisami (instrumental plural)
cisie (locative singular)
cisach (locative plural)
cisie (singular vocative)
cisy (plural vocative)


cis

(music) C-sharp (musical note one semitone higher than a C, notated C♯)


ananas

ananas m inan (related adjective ananasowy)

ananasowy (adjective)
ananas (nominative singular)
ananasy (nominative plural)
ananasa (genitive singular)
ananasów (genitive plural)
ananasowi (dative singular)
ananasom (dative plural)
ananas (accusative singular)
ananasy (accusative plural)
ananasem (instrumental singular)
ananasami (instrumental plural)
ananasie (locative singular)
ananasach (locative plural)
ananasie (singular vocative)
ananasy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare French ananas, German Ananas, Russian анана́с (ananás), ultimately from Old Tupi nanas. First attested in 1740.

ref

Włodzimierz Gruszczyński (28.07.2020) “ANANAS”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]

pineapple (any plant of the genus Ananas)


pepperoni

Unadapted borrowing from English pepperoni.

ubor

pepperoni (pizza with only tomato sauce, cheese, and pepperoni toppings)


asparagus

asparagus m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
asparagus (nominative singular)
asparagusy (nominative plural)
asparagusa (genitive singular)
asparagusów (genitive plural)
asparagusowi (dative singular)
asparagusom (dative plural)
asparagusa (accusative singular)
asparagus (accusative singular)
asparagusy (accusative plural)
asparagusem (instrumental singular)
asparagusami (instrumental plural)
asparagusie (locative singular)
asparagusach (locative plural)
asparagusie (singular vocative)
asparagusy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin asparagus. Doublet of szparag.

Asparagus setaceus
Asparagus setaceus#Translingual


durian

durian (nominative singular)
duriany (nominative plural)
durianu (genitive singular)
durianów (genitive plural)
durianowi (dative singular)
durianom (dative plural)
durian (accusative singular)
duriany (accusative plural)
durianem (instrumental singular)
durianami (instrumental plural)
durianie (locative singular)
durianach (locative plural)
durianie (singular vocative)
duriany (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.


chilli

Unadapted borrowing from English chilli.


agar

pl-noun

agar m inan (indeclinable, related adjective agarowy)

agarowy (adjective)
agar (nominative singular)
agaru (genitive singular)
agarowi (dative singular)
agar (accusative singular)
agarem (instrumental singular)
agarze (locative singular)
agarze (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Malay agar. First attested in 1890.

agar, agar-agar (gelatinous material obtained from red algae, especially Gracilaria species, used as a bacterial culture medium, in electrophoresis, and as a food additive)


brzoza

brzoza f (diminutive brzózka, related adjective brzozowy)

brzózka (diminutive)
brzozowy (adjective)
brzoza (nominative singular)
brzozy (nominative plural)
brzozy (genitive singular)
brzóz (genitive plural)
brzozie (dative singular)
brzozom (dative plural)
brzozę (accusative singular)
brzozy (accusative plural)
brzozą (instrumental singular)
brzozami (instrumental plural)
brzozie (locative singular)
brzozach (locative plural)
brzozo (singular vocative)
brzozy (plural vocative)

birch, birch tree (any tree of the genus Betula)


chili

chili (spicy fresh or dried fruit of capsicum)


oregano

Borrowed from Spanish orégano, from Latin orīganum, from Ancient Greek ὅρῑ́γανον (hórī́ganon), possibly from ὄρος (óros, “mountain, hill”) + γάνος (gános, “brightness, sheen”).


lipa

lipa f (diminutive lipka, related adjective lipowy)

lipka (diminutive)
lipowy (adjective)
lipa (nominative singular)
lipy (nominative plural)
lipy (genitive singular)
lip (genitive plural)
lipie (dative singular)
lipom (dative plural)
lipę (accusative singular)
lipy (accusative plural)
lipą (instrumental singular)
lipami (instrumental plural)
lipie (locative singular)
lipach (locative plural)
lipo (singular vocative)
lipy (plural vocative)

linden, lime-tree, basswood (any tree of the genus Tilia)

linden, lime-tree, basswood (wood of the linden)

(colloquial) fib, hoax (lie, especially one that is more or less inconsequential)

(colloquial) something of poor quality, very often jerry-built


oblak

oblak (nominative singular)
oblaki (nominative plural)
oblaku (genitive singular)
oblaków (genitive plural)
oblakowi (dative singular)
oblakom (dative plural)
oblak (accusative singular)
oblaki (accusative plural)
oblakiem (instrumental singular)
oblakami (instrumental plural)
oblaku (locative singular)
oblakach (locative plural)
oblaku (singular vocative)
oblaki (plural vocative)


oman

omanowy (adjective)
oman (nominative singular)
omany (nominative plural)
omanu (genitive singular)
omanów (genitive plural)
omanowi (dative singular)
omanom (dative plural)
oman (accusative singular)
omany (accusative plural)
omanem (instrumental singular)
omanami (instrumental plural)
omanie (locative singular)
omanach (locative plural)
omanie (singular vocative)
omany (plural vocative)


bera

bera (nominative singular)
bery (nominative plural)
bery (genitive singular)
ber (genitive plural)
berze (dative singular)
berom (dative plural)
berę (accusative singular)
bery (accusative plural)
berą (instrumental singular)
berami (instrumental plural)
berze (locative singular)
berach (locative plural)
bero (singular vocative)
bery (plural vocative)

butter pear (juicy, delicate-textured French variety of pear)


mamut

mamut m animal (related adjective mamuci or mamutowy)

mamuci (adjective)
mamutowy (adjective)
mamut (nominative singular)
mamuty (nominative plural)
mamuta (genitive singular)
mamutów (genitive plural)
mamutowi (dative singular)
mamutom (dative plural)
mamuta (accusative singular)
mamuty (accusative plural)
mamutem (instrumental singular)
mamutami (instrumental plural)
mamucie (locative singular)
mamutach (locative plural)
mamucie (singular vocative)
mamuty (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: mamùt

Internationalism; compare English mammoth, French mammouth, German Mammut, ultimately from Russian ма́монт (mámont).

(figurative, derogatory) dinosaur (old-fashioned person)


okra

okra (nominative singular)
okry (nominative plural)
okry (genitive singular)
okr (genitive plural)
okrze (dative singular)
okrom (dative plural)
okrę (accusative singular)
okry (accusative plural)
okrą (instrumental singular)
okrami (instrumental plural)
okrze (locative singular)
okrach (locative plural)
okro (singular vocative)
okry (plural vocative)

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus#Translingual

okra (edible capsules of Abelmoschus esculentus)


kantalupa

kantalupa (nominative singular)
kantalupy (nominative plural)
kantalupy (genitive singular)
kantalup (genitive plural)
kantalupie (dative singular)
kantalupom (dative plural)
kantalupę (accusative singular)
kantalupy (accusative plural)
kantalupą (instrumental singular)
kantalupami (instrumental plural)
kantalupie (locative singular)
kantalupach (locative plural)
kantalupo (singular vocative)
kantalupy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French cantaloupe, from Italian Cantalupo.

cantaloupe, rockmelon, spanspek, sweet melon


corn dog

corn dog (nominative singular)
corn dogi (nominative plural)
corn doga (genitive singular)
corn dogów (genitive plural)
corn dogowi (dative singular)
corn dogom (dative plural)
corn doga (accusative singular)
corn dogi (accusative plural)
corn dogiem (instrumental singular)
corn dogami (instrumental plural)
corn dogu (locative singular)
corn dogach (locative plural)
corn dogu (singular vocative)
corn dogi (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English corn dog.


frukt

pl-noun

frukt m inan (related adjective fruktowy)

fruktowy (adjective)
frukt (nominative singular)
frukty (nominative plural)
fruktu (genitive singular)
fruktów (genitive plural)
fruktowi (dative singular)
fruktom (dative plural)
frukt (accusative singular)
frukty (accusative plural)
fruktem (instrumental singular)
fruktami (instrumental plural)
frukcie (locative singular)
fruktach (locative plural)
frukcie (singular vocative)
frukty (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Russian: фрукт (frukt), фруктъ (frukt) — Pre-reform orthography (1918), хрукт (xrukt) — eye dialect
→ Yakut: фрукт (frukt)

(figurative, obsolete) fruit (positive end result or reward of labor or effort)


manna

pl-noun

manna f (related adjective manniany or mannowy)

manniany (adjective)
mannowy (adjective)
manna (nominative singular)
manny (nominative plural)
manny (genitive singular)
mann (genitive plural)
mannie (dative singular)
mannom (dative plural)
mannę (accusative singular)
manny (accusative plural)
manną (instrumental singular)
mannami (instrumental plural)
mannie (locative singular)
mannach (locative plural)
manno (singular vocative)
manny (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin manna.

farina (fine flour or meal made from cereal grains or from the starch or fecula of vegetables, extracted by various processes, and used in cookery)


osa

osi (adjective)
osa (nominative singular)
osy (nominative plural)
osy (genitive singular)
os (genitive plural)
ós (genitive plural)
osie (dative singular)
osom (dative plural)
osę (accusative singular)
osy (accusative plural)
osą (instrumental singular)
osami (instrumental plural)
osie (locative singular)
osach (locative plural)
oso (singular vocative)
osy (plural vocative)

Osa użądliła ją w udo.


ikra

ikra (nominative singular)
ikry (genitive singular)
ikrze (dative singular)
ikrę (accusative singular)
ikrą (instrumental singular)
ikrze (locative singular)
ikro (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьkra. Doublet of kra.


kapa

kapka (diminutive)
kapa (nominative singular)
kapy (nominative plural)
kapy (genitive singular)
kap (genitive plural)
kapie (dative singular)
kapom (dative plural)
kapę (accusative singular)
kapy (accusative plural)
kapą (instrumental singular)
kapami (instrumental plural)
kapie (locative singular)
kapach (locative plural)
kapo (singular vocative)
kapy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin cappa. Sense 5 is a semantic loan from Spanish capa.

sl

(equestrianism) horse blanket, rug (blanket placed underneath the saddle of a horse)


kasza

kaszka (diminutive)
kasza (nominative singular)
kasze (nominative plural)
kaszy (genitive singular)
kasz (genitive plural)
kaszy (dative singular)
kaszom (dative plural)
kaszę (accusative singular)
kasze (accusative plural)
kaszą (instrumental singular)
kaszami (instrumental plural)
kaszy (locative singular)
kaszach (locative plural)
kaszo (singular vocative)
kasze (plural vocative)

kasha, porridge (dish made from these grains)


tarka

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tьrka. By surface analysis, trzeć + -ka.

washboard (board used to hand wash laundry)


tarka

tarka (nominative singular)
tarki (nominative plural)
tarki (genitive singular)
tarek (genitive plural)
tarce (dative singular)
tarkom (dative plural)
tarkę (accusative singular)
tarki (accusative plural)
tarką (instrumental singular)
tarkami (instrumental plural)
tarce (locative singular)
tarkach (locative plural)
tarko (singular vocative)
tarki (plural vocative)

Prunus spinosa
Prunus spinosa#Translingual

sloe (fruit of the blackthorn, Prunus spinosa)


bón

Borrowed from German Bohne. Compare Kashubian bónczi.

(Chełmno-Dobrzyń) Synonym of fasola (“bean”)


buk

buk (nominative singular)
buki (nominative plural)
buku (genitive singular)
buków (genitive plural)
bukowi (dative singular)
bukom (dative plural)
buk (accusative singular)
buki (accusative plural)
bukiem (instrumental singular)
bukami (instrumental plural)
buku (locative singular)
bukach (locative plural)
buku (singular vocative)
buki (plural vocative)


jagoda

pl-noun

jagoda f (diminutive jagódka, related adjective jagodowy)

jagódka (diminutive)
jagodowy (adjective)
jagoda (nominative singular)
jagody (nominative plural)
jagody (genitive singular)
jagód (genitive plural)
jagodzie (dative singular)
jagodom (dative plural)
jagodę (accusative singular)
jagody (accusative plural)
jagodą (instrumental singular)
jagodami (instrumental plural)
jagodzie (locative singular)
jagodach (locative plural)
jagodo (singular vocative)
jagody (plural vocative)

(botany) berry (small succulent fruit, of any one of many varieties)

Vaccinium myrtillus
Vaccinium myrtillus#Translingual

bilberry, European blueberry, common bilberry, whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)

bilberry, European blueberry, common bilberry, whortleberry (berry)


kokos

kokos (nominative singular)
kokosy (nominative plural)
kokosu (genitive singular)
kokosów (genitive plural)
kokosowi (dative singular)
kokosom (dative plural)
kokos (accusative singular)
kokosy (accusative plural)
kokosem (instrumental singular)
kokosami (instrumental plural)
kokosie (locative singular)
kokosach (locative plural)
kokosie (singular vocative)
kokosy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Kokos, from Portuguese cocos, plural of coco.


kokos

kokos (nominative singular)
kokosy (nominative plural)
kokosa (genitive singular)
kokosów (genitive plural)
kokosowi (dative singular)
kokosom (dative plural)
kokosa (accusative singular)
kokosy (accusative plural)
kokosem (instrumental singular)
kokosami (instrumental plural)
kokosie (locative singular)
kokosach (locative plural)
kokosie (singular vocative)
kokosy (plural vocative)


ogórek

ogórek m inan (diminutive ogóreczek, augmentative ogór or ogóras, related adjective ogórkowy or (rare) ogórczany)

ogóreczek (diminutive)
ogór (augmentative)
ogóras (augmentative)
ogórkowy (adjective)
ogórczany (adjective rare)
ogórek (nominative singular)
ogórki (nominative plural)
ogórka (genitive singular)
ogórków (genitive plural)
ogórkowi (dative singular)
ogórkom (dative plural)
ogórek (accusative singular)
ogórki (accusative plural)
ogórkiem (instrumental singular)
ogórkami (instrumental plural)
ogórku (locative singular)
ogórkach (locative plural)
ogórku (singular vocative)
ogórki (plural vocative)

→ Lithuanian: agur̃kas

Inherited from Old Polish ogurek, from Byzantine Greek ἀγγούριον (angoúrion, “cucumber”).

der

(colloquial, humorous) Jelcz-brand bus, commonly used for intercity and urban transportation in Poland in the 1960s and 1970s


obar

(Far Masovian) splinter of wood covered in resin used as a torch


owies

owies (nominative singular)
owsy (nominative plural)
owsa (genitive singular)
owsu (genitive singular)
owsów (genitive plural)
owsowi (dative singular)
owsom (dative plural)
owies (accusative singular)
owsy (accusative plural)
owsem (instrumental singular)
owsami (instrumental plural)
owsie (locative singular)
owsach (locative plural)
owsie (singular vocative)
owsy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ovьsъ, which is a cognate with Latin avena.


kard

kard (nominative singular)
kardy (nominative plural)
karda (genitive singular)
kardów (genitive plural)
kardowi (dative singular)
kardom (dative plural)
kard (accusative singular)
kardy (accusative plural)
kardem (instrumental singular)
kardami (instrumental plural)
kardzie (locative singular)
kardach (locative plural)
kardzie (singular vocative)
kardy (plural vocative)

Cynara cardunculus
Cynara cardunculus#Translingual

cardoon, artichoke thistle (Cynara cardunculus)


kard

kard (nominative singular)
kardy (nominative plural)
kardu (genitive singular)
kardów (genitive plural)
kardowi (dative singular)
kardom (dative plural)
kard (accusative singular)
kardy (accusative plural)
kardem (instrumental singular)
kardami (instrumental plural)
kardzie (locative singular)
kardach (locative plural)
kardzie (singular vocative)
kardy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Persian کارد. Doublet of kord.

kard (type of knife found in the Persianate societies like Persia, Turkey, Armenia, and India; mstly used in the 18th century and before, it has a straight single edged blade and is usually no longer than 41 centimetres in length)


faja

faja (nominative singular)
faje (nominative plural)
fai (genitive singular)
faj (genitive plural)
fai (dative singular)
fajom (dative plural)
faję (accusative singular)
faje (accusative plural)
fają (instrumental singular)
fajami (instrumental plural)
fai (locative singular)
fajach (locative plural)
fajo (singular vocative)
faje (plural vocative)

(colloquial, derogatory) dweeb, hacker, klutz, nebbish


piska

(Far Masovian, Przemyśl) Synonym of pisanka (“pysanka”) (dyed Easter egg with intricate designs)


piernik

pierniczek (diminutive)
piernik (nominative singular)
pierniki (nominative plural)
piernika (genitive singular)
pierników (genitive plural)
piernikowi (dative singular)
piernikom (dative plural)
piernik (accusative singular)
pierniki (accusative plural)
piernikiem (instrumental singular)
piernikami (instrumental plural)
pierniku (locative singular)
piernikach (locative plural)
pierniku (singular vocative)
pierniki (plural vocative)

→ English: piernik

pepper, any member of the genus Capsicum


piernik

piernik (nominative singular)
pierniki (nominative plural)
piernika (genitive singular)
pierników (genitive plural)
piernikowi (dative singular)
piernikom (dative plural)
piernika (accusative singular)
pierników (accusative plural)
piernikiem (instrumental singular)
piernikami (instrumental plural)
pierniku (locative singular)
piernikach (locative plural)
pierniku (singular vocative)
pierniki (plural vocative)

(colloquial, derogatory) fossil; fogey; old fart; derogatory term for an old man, especially one who has suffered mental deterioration


jabłko

jabłuszko (diminutive)
jabłko (nominative singular)
jabłka (nominative plural)
jabłka (genitive singular)
jabłek (genitive plural)
jabłku (dative singular)
jabłkom (dative plural)
jabłko (accusative singular)
jabłka (accusative plural)
jabłkiem (instrumental singular)
jabłkami (instrumental plural)
jabłku (locative singular)
jabłkach (locative plural)
jabłko (singular vocative)
jabłka (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish jabłko, from Proto-Slavic *àblъko. Doublet of Apple.

jabłko królewskie
jabłko królewskie#Polish

(historical) Ellipsis of jabłko królewskie.


jęczmień

jęczmień (nominative singular)
jęczmienie (nominative plural)
jęczmienia (genitive singular)
jęczmieni (genitive plural)
jęczmieniowi (dative singular)
jęczmieniom (dative plural)
jęczmień (accusative singular)
jęczmienie (accusative plural)
jęczmieniem (instrumental singular)
jęczmieniami (instrumental plural)
jęczmieniu (locative singular)
jęczmieniach (locative plural)
jęczmieniu (singular vocative)
jęczmienie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *(j)ęčьmy (“barley”).

inh+

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare#Translingual


truskawka

pl-noun

truskawka f (diminutive truskaweczka, related adjective truskawkowy)

truskaweczka (diminutive)
truskawkowy (adjective)
truskawka (nominative singular)
truskawki (nominative plural)
truskawki (genitive singular)
truskawek (genitive plural)
truskawce (dative singular)
truskawkom (dative plural)
truskawkę (accusative singular)
truskawki (accusative plural)
truskawką (instrumental singular)
truskawkami (instrumental plural)
truskawce (locative singular)
truskawkach (locative plural)
truskawko (singular vocative)
truskawki (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: труска́ўка (truskáŭka)

→ Samogitian: troskauka

→ Ukrainian: тру́скавка (trúskavka)

→ Vilamovian: truskaowkia, trüskawk

→ Yiddish: טרוסקאַפֿקע (truskafke)

Inherited from Old Polish truskawki, from Proto-Slavic *truskavъka (“wild strawberry”). Compare Upper Sorbian truskalca.

inh

Fragaria × ananassa
Fragaria × ananassa#Translingual

strawberry (fruit of Fragaria × ananassa)


banan

banan m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
banan (nominative singular)
banany (nominative plural)
banana (genitive singular)
bananów (genitive plural)
bananowi (dative singular)
bananom (dative plural)
banana (accusative singular)
banan (accusative singular)
banany (accusative plural)
bananem (instrumental singular)
bananami (instrumental plural)
bananie (locative singular)
bananach (locative plural)
bananie (singular vocative)
banany (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French banane, from Portuguese banana, from Wolof banaana.

(colloquial) banana boat (boat resembling a banana)


kuskus

kuskus (nominative singular)
kuskusu (genitive singular)
kuskusowi (dative singular)
kuskus (accusative singular)
kuskusem (instrumental singular)
kuskusie (locative singular)
kuskusie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French couscous, from Arabic كُسْكُس (kuskus), from Northern Saharan Berber seksu.

couscous (pasta of North African origin)


amoniak

pl-noun

amoniak m inan (related adjective amoniakalny or amoniakowyn)

amoniakalny (adjective)
amoniakowyn (adjective)
amoniak (nominative singular)
amoniaku (genitive singular)
amoniakowi (dative singular)
amoniak (accusative singular)
amoniakiem (instrumental singular)
amoniaku (locative singular)
amoniaku (singular vocative)


osika

osika (nominative singular)
osiki (nominative plural)
osiki (genitive singular)
osik (genitive plural)
osice (dative singular)
osikom (dative plural)
osikę (accusative singular)
osiki (accusative plural)
osiką (instrumental singular)
osikami (instrumental plural)
osice (locative singular)
osikach (locative plural)
osiko (singular vocative)
osiki (plural vocative)

Populus sect. Populus
Wikispecies:Populus sect. Populus

aspen (any tree of the genus Populus sect. Populus)


kurkuma

kurkuma (nominative singular)
kurkumy (nominative plural)
kurkumy (genitive singular)
kurkum (genitive plural)
kurkumie (dative singular)
kurkumom (dative plural)
kurkumę (accusative singular)
kurkumy (accusative plural)
kurkumą (instrumental singular)
kurkumami (instrumental plural)
kurkumie (locative singular)
kurkumach (locative plural)
kurkumo (singular vocative)
kurkumy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin curcuma, from Arabic كُرْكُم (kurkum).

lbor

turmeric (any plant of the genus Curcuma)


estragon

estragon (nominative singular)
estragony (nominative plural)
estragonu (genitive singular)
estragonów (genitive plural)
estragonowi (dative singular)
estragonom (dative plural)
estragon (accusative singular)
estragony (accusative plural)
estragonem (instrumental singular)
estragonami (instrumental plural)
estragonie (locative singular)
estragonach (locative plural)
estragonie (singular vocative)
estragony (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French estragon, from Middle French targon, from Medieval Latin tragonia, from Arabic طَرْخُون (ṭarḵūn), from Ancient Greek δρακόντιον (drakóntion), from δράκων (drákōn).

der

Arabic طَرْخُون (ṭarḵūn)

Artemisia dracunculus
Artemisia dracunculus#Translingual

estragon, tarragon (perennial herb Artemisia dracunculus)

estragon, tarragon (the leaves of Artemisia dracunculus)


jajko

pl-noun

jajko n (diminutive jajeczko, augmentative jajo)

jajeczko (diminutive)
jajo (augmentative)
jajko (nominative singular)
jajka (nominative plural)
jajka (genitive singular)
jajek (genitive plural)
jajku (dative singular)
jajkom (dative plural)
jajko (accusative singular)
jajka (accusative plural)
jajkiem (instrumental singular)
jajkami (instrumental plural)
jajku (locative singular)
jajkach (locative plural)
jajko (singular vocative)
jajka (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ȃjьko, diminutive of *ȃje (“egg”), ultimately from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ṓja (“egg”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm (“egg”).


osina

osina (nominative singular)
osiny (nominative plural)
osiny (genitive singular)
osin (genitive plural)
osinie (dative singular)
osinom (dative plural)
osinę (accusative singular)
osiny (accusative plural)
osiną (instrumental singular)
osinami (instrumental plural)
osinie (locative singular)
osinach (locative plural)
osino (singular vocative)
osiny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *opsina, from *opsa.


tabaka

tabaczka (diminutive)
tabaka (nominative singular)
tabaki (genitive singular)
tabace (dative singular)
tabakę (accusative singular)
tabaką (instrumental singular)
tabace (locative singular)
tabako (singular vocative)


acerola

acerola (nominative singular)
acerole (nominative plural)
aceroli (genitive singular)
acerol (genitive plural)
aceroli (genitive plural)
aceroli (dative singular)
acerolom (dative plural)
acerolę (accusative singular)
acerole (accusative plural)
acerolą (instrumental singular)
acerolami (instrumental plural)
aceroli (locative singular)
acerolach (locative plural)
acerolo (singular vocative)
acerole (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish acerola. First attested in 1869.

ref

Iris: czasopismo poświęcone ogrodnictwu, sadownictwu, pszczelnictwu, z dodatkiem literacko-artystycznym, number 10, 1869, page 253

owoc aceroli


sorgo

sorgo (nominative singular)
sorga (genitive singular)
sorgu (dative singular)
sorgo (accusative singular)
sorgiem (instrumental singular)
sorgu (locative singular)
sorgo (singular vocative)


ryż

ryżowy (adjective)
ryż (nominative singular)
ryże (nominative plural)
ryżu (genitive singular)
ryżów (genitive plural)
ryżowi (dative singular)
ryżom (dative plural)
ryż (accusative singular)
ryże (accusative plural)
ryżem (instrumental singular)
ryżami (instrumental plural)
ryżu (locative singular)
ryżach (locative plural)
ryżu (singular vocative)
ryże (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: рыж (ryž)

→ Lithuanian: rỹžis

→ Ukrainian: риж (ryž)

(countable) rice (any plant of the genus Oryza sativa)


ziemniak

pl-noun

ziemniak m animal (diminutive ziemniaczek)

ziemniaczek (diminutive)
ziemniak (nominative singular)
ziemniaki (nominative plural)
ziemniaka (genitive singular)
ziemniaków (genitive plural)
ziemniakowi (dative singular)
ziemniakom (dative plural)
ziemniaka (accusative singular)
ziemniaki (accusative plural)
ziemniakiem (instrumental singular)
ziemniakami (instrumental plural)
ziemniaku (locative singular)
ziemniakach (locative plural)
ziemniaku (singular vocative)
ziemniaki (plural vocative)

From ziemny (“pertaining to soil, earth”) + -ak. Compare Slovak zemiak, French pomme de terre (literally “apple of the earth”).


papryka

papryczka (diminutive)
papryka (nominative singular)
papryki (nominative plural)
papryki (genitive singular)
papryk (genitive plural)
papryce (dative singular)
paprykom (dative plural)
paprykę (accusative singular)
papryki (accusative plural)
papryką (instrumental singular)
paprykami (instrumental plural)
papryce (locative singular)
paprykach (locative plural)
papryko (singular vocative)
papryki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika.


sałata

pl-noun

sałata f (diminutive sałatka, related adjective sałatowy)

sałatka (diminutive)
sałatowy (adjective)
sałata (nominative singular)
sałaty (nominative plural)
sałaty (genitive singular)
sałat (genitive plural)
sałacie (dative singular)
sałatom (dative plural)
sałatę (accusative singular)
sałaty (accusative plural)
sałatą (instrumental singular)
sałatami (instrumental plural)
sałacie (locative singular)
sałatach (locative plural)
sałato (singular vocative)
sałaty (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English salad, French salade, German Salat, ultimately from Italian insalata.

(chiefly in the singular) lettuce (any plant of the genus Lactuca)

(chiefly in the singular) lettuce (leaves of this plant)

(chiefly in the singular, colloquial) money (hard cash in the form of banknotes and coins)

(derogatory, slang) cabdriver, cabman, flyman, hackie (person who drives a carriage for a living)


burak

burak m inan or m animal (diminutive buraczek)

burak m inan or (animal-not-person canonical masculine)
buraczek (diminutive)
burak (nominative singular)
buraki (nominative plural)
buraka (genitive singular)
buraków (genitive plural)
burakowi (dative singular)
burakom (dative plural)
burak (accusative singular)
buraka (accusative singular)
buraki (accusative plural)
burakiem (instrumental singular)
burakami (instrumental plural)
buraku (locative singular)
burakach (locative plural)
buraku (singular vocative)
buraki (plural vocative)

From earlier borak, from Medieval Latin borrāgō, from Arabic أَبُو الْعَرَق (ʔabū l-ʕaraq).

der

أَبُو الْعَرَق

Arabic أَبُو الْعَرَق (ʔabū l-ʕaraq)

(colloquial) fruit wine of an inferior brand


rzeżucha

rzeżuszka (diminutive)
rzeżucha (nominative singular)
rzeżuchy (nominative plural)
rzeżuchy (genitive singular)
rzeżuch (genitive plural)
rzeżusze (dative singular)
rzeżuchom (dative plural)
rzeżuchę (accusative singular)
rzeżuchy (accusative plural)
rzeżuchą (instrumental singular)
rzeżuchami (instrumental plural)
rzeżusze (locative singular)
rzeżuchach (locative plural)
rzeżucho (singular vocative)
rzeżuchy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish rzeżucha, rzeżycha, rzerucha, rzerzucha, żerucha, żerzucha, from Proto-Slavic *žeřuxa.

inh+

Lepidium sativum
Lepidium sativum#Translingual

bittercress (any plant of the genus Cardamine)


brukselka

brukselka (nominative singular)
brukselki (nominative plural)
brukselki (genitive singular)
brukselek (genitive plural)
brukselce (dative singular)
brukselkom (dative plural)
brukselkę (accusative singular)
brukselki (accusative plural)
brukselką (instrumental singular)
brukselkami (instrumental plural)
brukselce (locative singular)
brukselkach (locative plural)
brukselko (singular vocative)
brukselki (plural vocative)


kalafior

pl-noun

kalafior m animal or m inan (diminutive kalafiorek, related adjective kalafiorowy)

kalafior m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
kalafiorek (diminutive)
kalafiorowy (adjective)
kalafior (nominative singular)
kalafiory (nominative plural)
kalafiora (genitive singular)
kalafiorów (genitive plural)
kalafiorowi (dative singular)
kalafiorom (dative plural)
kalafior (accusative singular)
kalafiora (accusative singular)
kalafiory (accusative plural)
kalafiorem (instrumental singular)
kalafiorami (instrumental plural)
kalafiorze (locative singular)
kalafiorach (locative plural)
kalafiorze (singular vocative)
kalafiory (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: קאַליפֿיאָר (kalifyor)

From dialectal Italian caulofiore. Compare Italian cavolfiore.

cauliflower (annual variety of cabbage, of which the cluster of young flower stalks and buds is eaten as a vegetable)


brokuł

brokuł (nominative singular)
brokuły (nominative plural)
brokułu (genitive singular)
brokułów (genitive plural)
brokułowi (dative singular)
brokułom (dative plural)
brokuł (accusative singular)
brokuły (accusative plural)
brokułem (instrumental singular)
brokułami (instrumental plural)
brokule (locative singular)
brokułach (locative plural)
brokule (singular vocative)
brokuły (plural vocative)


czosnek

czosnek (nominative singular)
czosnki (nominative plural)
czosnku (genitive singular)
czosnków (genitive plural)
czosnkowi (dative singular)
czosnkom (dative plural)
czosnek (accusative singular)
czosnki (accusative plural)
czosnkiem (instrumental singular)
czosnkami (instrumental plural)
czosnku (locative singular)
czosnkach (locative plural)
czosnku (singular vocative)
czosnki (plural vocative)


seler

seler (nominative singular)
selery (nominative plural)
selera (genitive singular)
selerów (genitive plural)
selerowi (dative singular)
selerom (dative plural)
seler (accusative singular)
selery (accusative plural)
selerem (instrumental singular)
selerami (instrumental plural)
selerze (locative singular)
selerach (locative plural)
selerze (singular vocative)
selery (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian sellero, from Latin selīnum, from Ancient Greek σέλῑνον (sélīnon).


pomidor

pomidor m inan or m animal (diminutive pomidorek, related adjective pomidorowy)

pomidor m inan or (animal-not-person canonical masculine)
pomidorek (diminutive)
pomidorowy (adjective)
pomidor (nominative singular)
pomidory (nominative plural)
pomidora (genitive singular)
pomidorów (genitive plural)
pomidorowi (dative singular)
pomidorom (dative plural)
pomidor (accusative singular)
pomidora (accusative singular)
pomidory (accusative plural)
pomidorem (instrumental singular)
pomidorami (instrumental plural)
pomidorze (locative singular)
pomidorach (locative plural)
pomidorze (singular vocative)
pomidory (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian pomidori, popular plural of pomodoro.


cukinia

cukinia (nominative singular)
cukinie (nominative plural)
cukinii (genitive singular)
cukinii (genitive plural)
cukinij (archaic genitive plural)
cukinii (dative singular)
cukiniom (dative plural)
cukinię (accusative singular)
cukinie (accusative plural)
cukinią (instrumental singular)
cukiniami (instrumental plural)
cukinii (locative singular)
cukiniach (locative plural)
cukinio (singular vocative)
cukinie (plural vocative)


dynia

dynia f (diminutive dyńka, related adjective dyniowy)

dyńka (diminutive)
dyniowy (adjective)
dynia (nominative singular)
dynie (nominative plural)
dyni (genitive singular)
dyń (genitive plural)
dyni (dative singular)
dyniom (dative plural)
dynię (accusative singular)
dynie (accusative plural)
dynią (instrumental singular)
dyniami (instrumental plural)
dyni (locative singular)
dyniach (locative plural)
dynio (singular vocative)
dynie (plural vocative)

pumpkin, gourd, squash (any plant of the genus Cucurbita)

pumpkin, gourd, squash (fruit of this plant)

(colloquial, humorous, prison slang, school slang) head, noggin (part of the body of an animal or human which contains the brain, mouth and main sense organs)


szpinak

szpinaczek (diminutive)
szpinak (nominative singular)
szpinaku (genitive singular)
szpinakowi (dative singular)
szpinak (accusative singular)
szpinakiem (instrumental singular)
szpinaku (locative singular)
szpinaku (singular vocative)

Perhaps borrowed from Czech špinák, from Medieval Latin spinachium, spinacia, from Arabic إِسْفَانَاخ (ʔisfānāḵ), from Persian اسپناخ (espanâx).

der

Arabic إِسْفَانَاخ (ʔisfānāḵ)

spinach (any plant of the genus Spinacia)


rzodkiew

rzodkiew (nominative singular)
rzodkwie (nominative plural)
rzodkwi (genitive singular)
rzodkwi (genitive plural)
rzodkwi (dative singular)
rzodkwiom (dative plural)
rzodkiew (accusative singular)
rzodkwie (accusative plural)
rzodkwią (instrumental singular)
rzodkwiami (instrumental plural)
rzodkwi (locative singular)
rzodkwiach (locative plural)
rzodkwi (singular vocative)
rzodkwie (plural vocative)

radish (any plant of the genus Raphanus)


rzepa

rzepka (diminutive)
rzepa (nominative singular)
rzepy (nominative plural)
rzepy (genitive singular)
rzep (genitive plural)
rzepie (dative singular)
rzepom (dative plural)
rzepę (accusative singular)
rzepy (accusative plural)
rzepą (instrumental singular)
rzepami (instrumental plural)
rzepie (locative singular)
rzepach (locative plural)
rzepo (singular vocative)
rzepy (plural vocative)

Brassica rapa var. rapa
Brassica rapa var. rapa#Translingual

turnip (white root of Brassica rapa var. rapa)


pomarańcza

pomarańczka (diminutive)
pomarańcza (nominative singular)
pomarańcze (nominative plural)
pomarańczy (genitive singular)
pomarańczy (genitive plural)
pomarańczy (dative singular)
pomarańczom (dative plural)
pomarańczę (accusative singular)
pomarańcze (accusative plural)
pomarańczą (instrumental singular)
pomarańczami (instrumental plural)
pomarańczy (locative singular)
pomarańczach (locative plural)
pomarańczo (singular vocative)
pomarańcze (plural vocative)

→? Yiddish: פּאָמעראַנץ (pomerants)

Borrowed from Italian pomarancia, from Arabic نَارَنْج (nāranj), from Persian نارنگ (nârang), from Sanskrit नारङ्ग (nāraṅga), from Dravidian. Doublet of oranż.


fabryka

pl-noun

fabryka f (diminutive fabryczka, related adjective fabryczny)

fabryczka (diminutive)
fabryczny (adjective)
fabryka (nominative singular)
fabryki (nominative plural)
fabryki (genitive singular)
fabryk (genitive plural)
fabryce (dative singular)
fabrykom (dative plural)
fabrykę (accusative singular)
fabryki (accusative plural)
fabryką (instrumental singular)
fabrykami (instrumental plural)
fabryce (locative singular)
fabrykach (locative plural)
fabryko (singular vocative)
fabryki (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: фа́брыка (fábryka)

→ Kashubian: fabrika, fabrëka

→? Russian: фа́брика (fábrika)

→ Ukrainian: фа́брика (fábryka)

Learned borrowing from Latin fabrica. First attested in 1564. Compare Silesian fabryka.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “fabryka”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(Middle Polish) skill, art; effort; workload


drewno

drewno (nominative singular)
drewna (nominative plural)
drewna (genitive singular)
drewien (genitive plural)
drewnu (dative singular)
drewnom (dative plural)
drewno (accusative singular)
drewna (accusative plural)
drewnem (instrumental singular)
drewnami (instrumental plural)
drewnie (locative singular)
drewnach (locative plural)
drewno (singular vocative)
drewna (plural vocative)

(singular only) wood (substance, timber)

(colloquial, derogatory) someone very poor at dancing, acting, etc.


aronia

aronia (nominative singular)
aronie (nominative plural)
aronii (genitive singular)
aronii (genitive plural)
aronij (archaic genitive plural)
aronii (dative singular)
aroniom (dative plural)
aronię (accusative singular)
aronie (accusative plural)
aronią (instrumental singular)
aroniami (instrumental plural)
aronii (locative singular)
aroniach (locative plural)
aronio (singular vocative)
aronie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin aronia.


proso

proso (nominative singular)
prosa (nominative plural)
prosa (genitive singular)
pros (genitive plural)
prosu (dative singular)
prosom (dative plural)
proso (accusative singular)
prosa (accusative plural)
prosem (instrumental singular)
prosami (instrumental plural)
prosie (locative singular)
prosach (locative plural)
proso (singular vocative)
prosa (plural vocative)

panicgrass, panicum, millet (any grass of the genus Panicum or its grains), especially:

Panicum miliaceum
Panicum miliaceum#Translingual


owoc

pl-noun

owoc m inan (diminutive owocek, related adjective owocowy)

owocek (diminutive)
owocowy (adjective)
owoc (nominative singular)
owoce (nominative plural)
owocu (genitive singular)
owoców (genitive plural)
owocowi (dative singular)
owocom (dative plural)
owoc (accusative singular)
owoce (accusative plural)
owocem (instrumental singular)
owocami (instrumental plural)
owocu (locative singular)
owocach (locative plural)
owocu (singular vocative)
owoce (plural vocative)

Back-formation from owoce, from Proto-Slavic *ovoťe. Compare liść.

(figurative) fruit (positive end result or reward of labor or effort)


śliwka

śliweczka (diminutive)
śliwka (nominative singular)
śliwki (nominative plural)
śliwki (genitive singular)
śliwek (genitive plural)
śliwce (dative singular)
śliwkom (dative plural)
śliwkę (accusative singular)
śliwki (accusative plural)
śliwką (instrumental singular)
śliwkami (instrumental plural)
śliwce (locative singular)
śliwkach (locative plural)
śliwko (singular vocative)
śliwki (plural vocative)


cytryna

cytrynka (diminutive)
cytryna (nominative singular)
cytryny (nominative plural)
cytryny (genitive singular)
cytryn (genitive plural)
cytrynie (dative singular)
cytrynom (dative plural)
cytrynę (accusative singular)
cytryny (accusative plural)
cytryną (instrumental singular)
cytrynami (instrumental plural)
cytrynie (locative singular)
cytrynach (locative plural)
cytryno (singular vocative)
cytryny (plural vocative)

→ Lithuanian: citrina

→ Ukrainian: цитри́на (cytrýna)

Borrowed from Italian mela citrina, from Latin mālum citrīnum, from citrīnus, from citrus, from Etruscan, from Ancient Greek κέδρος (kédros). Doublet of cedr, cedrat, cytron, cytrus, and cytryn.


cedr

cedrowy (adjective)
cedr (nominative singular)
cedry (nominative plural)
cedru (genitive singular)
cedrów (genitive plural)
cedrowi (dative singular)
cedrom (dative plural)
cedr (accusative singular)
cedry (accusative plural)
cedrem (instrumental singular)
cedrami (instrumental plural)
cedrze (locative singular)
cedrach (locative plural)
cedrze (singular vocative)
cedry (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish cedr. Doublet of cedrat, cytron, cytrus, cytryn, and cytryna.

cedar (any coniferous tree of the genus Cedrus)


orzech

orzeszek (diminutive)
orzech (nominative singular)
orzechy (nominative plural)
orzecha (genitive singular)
orzechów (genitive plural)
orzechowi (dative singular)
orzechom (dative plural)
orzech (accusative singular)
orzecha (accusative singular)
orzechy (accusative plural)
orzechem (instrumental singular)
orzechami (instrumental plural)
orzechu (locative singular)
orzechach (locative plural)
orzechu (singular vocative)
orzechy (plural vocative)


winogrono

winogrono (nominative singular)
winogrona (nominative plural)
winogrona (genitive singular)
winogron (genitive plural)
winogronu (dative singular)
winogronom (dative plural)
winogrono (accusative singular)
winogrona (accusative plural)
winogronem (instrumental singular)
winogronami (instrumental plural)
winogronie (locative singular)
winogronach (locative plural)
winogrono (singular vocative)
winogrona (plural vocative)


arbuz

pl-noun

arbuz m animal or m inan (related adjective arbuzowy)

arbuz m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
arbuzowy (adjective)
arbuz (nominative singular)
arbuzy (nominative plural)
arbuza (genitive singular)
arbuzów (genitive plural)
arbuzowi (dative singular)
arbuzom (dative plural)
arbuza (accusative singular)
arbuz (accusative singular)
arbuzy (accusative plural)
arbuzem (instrumental singular)
arbuzami (instrumental plural)
arbuzie (locative singular)
arbuzach (locative plural)
arbuzie (singular vocative)
arbuzy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian арбу́з (arbúz). First attested in 1613. Doublet of harbuz, an obsolete borrowing from Ukrainian. Compare Old Polish karbusz.

ref

Wiesław Morawski (07.04.2021) “ARBUZ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]

watermelon (any plant of the genus Citrullus)

(obsolete) pumpkin, gourd, squash (any plant of the genus Cucurbita)

(obsolete) pumpkin, gourd, squash (fruit of this plant)

(colloquial, humorous) head, noggin (part of the body of an animal or human which contains the brain, mouth and main sense organs)


morela

morelka (diminutive)
morela (nominative singular)
morele (nominative plural)
moreli (genitive singular)
morel (genitive plural)
moreli (genitive plural)
moreli (dative singular)
morelom (dative plural)
morelę (accusative singular)
morele (accusative plural)
morelą (instrumental singular)
morelami (instrumental plural)
moreli (locative singular)
morelach (locative plural)
morelo (singular vocative)
morele (plural vocative)

→ Ukrainian: море́ля (morélja)


jeżyna

pl-noun

jeżyna f (diminutive jeżynka, augmentative jeżynisko, related adjective jeżynowy)

jeżynka (diminutive)
jeżynisko (augmentative)
jeżynowy (adjective)
jeżyna (nominative singular)
jeżyny (nominative plural)
jeżyny (genitive singular)
jeżyn (genitive plural)
jeżynie (dative singular)
jeżynom (dative plural)
jeżynę (accusative singular)
jeżyny (accusative plural)
jeżyną (instrumental singular)
jeżynami (instrumental plural)
jeżynie (locative singular)
jeżynach (locative plural)
jeżyno (singular vocative)
jeżyny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ežina. Compare Belarusian ажы́на (ažýna) and Ukrainian ожи́на (ožýna). Doublet of ożyna.

Rubus fruticosus
Rubus fruticosus#Translingual

blackberry, bramble, brambleberry (fruit-bearing shrub of the aggregate species Rubus fruticosus and some hybrids)


soczewica

soczewica (nominative singular)
soczewice (nominative plural)
soczewicy (genitive singular)
soczewic (genitive plural)
soczewicy (dative singular)
soczewicom (dative plural)
soczewicę (accusative singular)
soczewice (accusative plural)
soczewicą (instrumental singular)
soczewicami (instrumental plural)
soczewicy (locative singular)
soczewicach (locative plural)
soczewico (singular vocative)
soczewice (plural vocative)


tabak

tabak (nominative singular)
tabaku (genitive singular)
tabakowi (dative singular)
tabak (accusative singular)
tabakiem (instrumental singular)
tabaku (locative singular)
tabaku (singular vocative)

Nicotiana tabacum
Nicotiana tabacum#Translingual

(dialectal) tobacco (leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and some other species cultivated and harvested to make cigarettes, cigars, snuff, for smoking in pipes or for chewing)


kartofel

kartofel m inan (diminutive kartofelek, augmentative kartoflisko)

kartofelek (diminutive)
kartoflisko (augmentative)
kartofel (nominative singular)
kartofle (nominative plural)
kartofla (genitive singular)
kartofli (genitive plural)
kartoflowi (dative singular)
kartoflom (dative plural)
kartofel (accusative singular)
kartofle (accusative plural)
kartoflem (instrumental singular)
kartoflami (instrumental plural)
kartoflu (locative singular)
kartoflach (locative plural)
kartoflu (singular vocative)
kartofle (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Kartoffel, from older Tartuffel or Tartüffel, from Italian tartufolo, diminutive of tartufo, from Medieval Latin *territūberum or Latin terrae tūber.

(colloquial, sports) chip shot (an easy goal)


okulary

okulary nvir pl (diminutive okularki, augmentative okularzyska, related adjective okularowy)

okularki (diminutive)
okularzyska (augmentative)
okularowy (adjective)
okulary (nominative plural)
okularów (genitive plural)
okularom (dative plural)
okulary (accusative plural)
okularami (instrumental plural)
okularach (locative plural)
okulary (plural vocative)

(colloquial, equestrianism) two pieces of leather used to shield a horse's eyes from the side


daktyl

daktyl m animal or m inan (related adjective daktylowy)

daktyl m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
daktylowy (adjective)
daktyl (nominative singular)
daktyle (nominative plural)
daktyla (genitive singular)
daktyli (genitive plural)
daktylów (genitive plural)
daktylowi (dative singular)
daktylom (dative plural)
daktyla (accusative singular)
daktyl (accusative singular)
daktyle (accusative plural)
daktylem (instrumental singular)
daktylami (instrumental plural)
daktylu (locative singular)
daktylach (locative plural)
daktylu (singular vocative)
daktyle (plural vocative)

(poetry, prosody) dactyl (metrical foot of three syllables (— ⏑ ⏑), one long followed by two short, or one accented followed by two unaccented)


jajo

jajo n (diminutive jajko or jajeczko, augmentative jajco)

jajko (diminutive)
jajeczko (diminutive)
jajco (augmentative)
jajo (nominative singular)
jaja (nominative plural)
jaja (genitive singular)
jaj (genitive plural)
jaju (dative singular)
jajom (dative plural)
jajo (accusative singular)
jaja (accusative plural)
jajem (instrumental singular)
jajami (instrumental plural)
jaju (locative singular)
jajach (locative plural)
jajo (singular vocative)
jaja (plural vocative)

(in the plural, colloquial, mildly vulgar) balls, testicles


brzoskwinia

brzoskwinka (diminutive)
brzoskwinia (nominative singular)
brzoskwinie (nominative plural)
brzoskwini (genitive singular)
brzoskwiń (genitive plural)
brzoskwini (dative singular)
brzoskwiniom (dative plural)
brzoskwinię (accusative singular)
brzoskwinie (accusative plural)
brzoskwinią (instrumental singular)
brzoskwiniami (instrumental plural)
brzoskwini (locative singular)
brzoskwiniach (locative plural)
brzoskwinio (singular vocative)
brzoskwinie (plural vocative)

desc

→ Russian: броскви́ня (broskvínja), бросви́ня (brosvínja), броски́ня (broskínja), броскви́на (broskvína), брускви́на (bruskvína)

From earlier brzoskiew, from Proto-Slavic *bersky + -nia.


papieros

pl-noun

papieros m animal (diminutive papierosek or papierosik, augmentative papieroch or papierosisko)

papierosek (diminutive)
papierosik (diminutive)
papieroch (augmentative)
papierosisko (augmentative)
papieros (nominative singular)
papierosy (nominative plural)
papierosa (genitive singular)
papierosów (genitive plural)
papierosowi (dative singular)
papierosom (dative plural)
papierosa (accusative singular)
papierosy (accusative plural)
papierosem (instrumental singular)
papierosami (instrumental plural)
papierosie (locative singular)
papierosach (locative plural)
papierosie (singular vocative)
papierosy (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: папяро́са (papjarósa)

→ Estonian: pabeross

→ Latvian: papiross

→ Lithuanian: papirosas

desctree

→ Russian: папиро́са (papirósa)
→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܦܲܦܪܘܿܙܵܐ (paprōzā)
→ Azerbaijani: papiros
→ English: papirosa
→ Georgian: პაპიროსი (ṗaṗirosi)
→ Kazakh: папирос (papiros)
→ Turkmen: papiros
→ Tuvan: папирос (papiros)

desc

→ Ukrainian: папіро́с (papirós), папіро́са (papirósa)

→ Yiddish: פּאַפּיראָס (papiros)

From papier + -os, with the ending probably by analogy with Spanish cigarros.


soja

sojowy (adjective)
soja (nominative singular)
soje (nominative plural)
soi (genitive singular)
soi (genitive plural)
soi (dative singular)
sojom (dative plural)
soję (accusative singular)
soje (accusative plural)
soją (instrumental singular)
sojami (instrumental plural)
soi (locative singular)
sojach (locative plural)
sojo (singular vocative)
soje (plural vocative)


agrest

pl-noun

agrest m inan (related adjective agrestowy)

agrestowy (adjective)
agrest (nominative singular)
agresty (nominative plural)
agrestu (genitive singular)
agrestów (genitive plural)
agrestowi (dative singular)
agrestom (dative plural)
agrest (accusative singular)
agresty (accusative plural)
agrestem (instrumental singular)
agrestami (instrumental plural)
agreście (locative singular)
agrestach (locative plural)
agreście (singular vocative)
agresty (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: акгрестъ (agrest), а́ґрисъ (ágris), а́кгрестъ (ágrest), а́gрестъ (ágrest), а́грестъ (áhrest)
Belarusian: агрэ́ст (ahrést); а́грыст (áhryst), а́груст (áhrust), а́граст (áhrast), я́грыст (jáhryst), я́грус (jáhrus), я́груст (jáhrust), я́грэст (jáhrest) (dialectal)
Ukrainian: а́ґрус (ágrus); а́грус (áhrus), а́ґруст (ágrust), а́груст (áhrust), а́ґрес (ágres), а́грес (áhres), а́ґрест (ágrest), а́грест (áhrest), а́ґрис (ágrys), ґа́ґриз (gágryz), а́ґрист (ágryst), я́ґрес (jágres), я́грес (jáhres), я́ґрест (jágrest), я́грост (jáhrost), я́нґрес (jángres), я́нґрест (jángrest) (dialectal)
→ Middle Russian: а́грестъ (ágrest), а́гростъ (ágrost)
Russian: а́грест (ágrest), а́грус (ágrus) (dialectal)

Inherited from Old Polish agrest (“type of sour wine”).

inh+

chiński agrest

dziki agrest

zielony agrest

czerwony agrest

czarny agrest

krzak agrestu

krzew agrestu

owoc agrestu

uprawa agrestu

liście agrestu

Zupełnie zapomniałam, ten słoik z konfiturami truskawkowymi na cukrze wyniosłyśmy do piwniczki z Baśką, bo tu nie było miejsca. Tu mam agrest, ale Władek najlepiej lubił truskawki mocno scukrzone, choć mu to szkodziło.

2000, Roman Antoszewski, Kariera na trzy karpie morskie, Philip Wilson:

I had completely forgotten that I took this jar of strawberry sugar preserves out to the basement with Baśka because up here there was no room. Here I have gooseberry, but Władek loved strongly sweetened strawberreis best, even though it was bad for his health.

Ribes uva-crispa
Ribes uva-crispa#Translingual

European gooseberry, gooseberry (Ribes uva-crispa)


pietruszka

pl-noun

pietruszka f (augmentative pietrucha, related adjective pietruszkowy)

pietrucha (augmentative)
pietruszkowy (adjective)
pietruszka (nominative singular)
pietruszki (nominative plural)
pietruszki (genitive singular)
pietruszek (genitive plural)
pietruszce (dative singular)
pietruszkom (dative plural)
pietruszkę (accusative singular)
pietruszki (accusative plural)
pietruszką (instrumental singular)
pietruszkami (instrumental plural)
pietruszce (locative singular)
pietruszkach (locative plural)
pietruszko (singular vocative)
pietruszki (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: пятру́шка (pjatrúška)

desctree

→ Russian: петру́шка (petrúška)
→ Ingrian: petruška

→ Ukrainian: петру́шка (petrúška)

desc

→ Yiddish: פּיעטרושקע (pyetrushke), פּעטרושקע (petrushke), פּעטרעשקע (petreshke), פּעטרישקע (petrishke)

Inherited from Old Polish piotruszka. Calque of Latin petroselīnum, from Ancient Greek πετροσέλῑνον (petrosélīnon). Displaced piotruziele and pietruziele, which are direct borrowings from Latin.

der

πετροσέλῑνον

Petroselinum crispum
Petroselinum crispum#Translingual


imbir

pl-noun

imbir m inan (related adjective imbirowy)

imbirowy (adjective)
imbir (nominative singular)
imbiru (genitive singular)
imbirowi (dative singular)
imbir (accusative singular)
imbirem (instrumental singular)
imbirze (locative singular)
imbirze (singular vocative)

→ Belarusian: імбі́р (imbír)

→ Lithuanian: imbieras

→ Russian: имби́рь (imbírʹ)

→ Ukrainian: імби́р (imbýr)

ginger (Zingiberaceae)
ginger (rootstalk of this plant)

ginger (Zingiberaceae)
ginger (spice from this plant)


melisa

melisa (nominative singular)
melisy (nominative plural)
melisy (genitive singular)
melis (genitive plural)
melisie (dative singular)
melisom (dative plural)
melisę (accusative singular)
melisy (accusative plural)
melisą (instrumental singular)
melisami (instrumental plural)
melisie (locative singular)
melisach (locative plural)
meliso (singular vocative)
melisy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin melissa, from Ancient Greek μέλισσα (mélissa).

lbor

lemon balm, melissa (any plant of the genus Melissa)


dżokej

pl-noun

dżokej m pers (female equivalent dżokejka, related adjective dżokejski)

dżokejka (feminine)
dżokejski (adjective)
dżokej (nominative singular)
dżokeje (nominative plural)
dżokeja (genitive singular)
dżokejów (genitive plural)
dżokei (genitive plural)
dżokejowi (dative singular)
dżokejom (dative plural)
dżokeja (accusative singular)
dżokejów (accusative plural)
dżokei (accusative plural)
dżokejem (instrumental singular)
dżokejami (instrumental plural)
dżokeju (locative singular)
dżokejach (locative plural)
dżokeju (singular vocative)
dżokeje (plural vocative)

(horse racing) jockey (one who rides racehorses competitively)


dąb

dąb m inan (diminutive dąbek or dębek, related adjective dębowy or dębny)

dąbek (diminutive)
dębek (diminutive)
dębowy (adjective)
dębny (adjective)
dąb (nominative singular)
dęby (nominative plural)
dębu (genitive singular)
dębów (genitive plural)
dębowi (dative singular)
dębom (dative plural)
dąb (accusative singular)
dęby (accusative plural)
dębem (instrumental singular)
dębami (instrumental plural)
dębie (locative singular)
dębach (locative plural)
dębie (singular vocative)
dęby (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: דעמב (demb)

Inherited from Old Polish dąb, from Proto-Slavic *dǫbъ.

oak, oak tree (any tree of the genus Quercus)


sosna

sosna f (diminutive sosenka, related adjective sosnowy)

sosenka (diminutive)
sosnowy (adjective)
sosna (nominative singular)
sosny (nominative plural)
sosny (genitive singular)
sosen (genitive plural)
sośnie (dative singular)
sosnom (dative plural)
sosnę (accusative singular)
sosny (accusative plural)
sosną (instrumental singular)
sosnami (instrumental plural)
sośnie (locative singular)
sosnach (locative plural)
sosno (singular vocative)
sosny (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: סאָסנע (sosne)

Inherited from Old Polish sosna, from Proto-Slavic *sosna.


groch

groszek (diminutive)
groch (nominative singular)
grochu (genitive singular)
grochowi (dative singular)
groch (accusative singular)
grochem (instrumental singular)
grochu (locative singular)
grochu (singular vocative)


pszenica

pszenica (nominative singular)
pszenicy (genitive singular)
pszenicy (dative singular)
pszenicę (accusative singular)
pszenicą (instrumental singular)
pszenicy (locative singular)
pszenico (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pьšenica, from *pьšenò.


dziad

dziad (nominative singular)
dziady (nominative plural)
dziada (genitive singular)
dziadów (genitive plural)
dziadowi (dative singular)
dziadom (dative plural)
dziada (accusative singular)
dziadów (accusative plural)
dziadem (instrumental singular)
dziadami (instrumental plural)
dziadzie (locative singular)
dziadach (locative plural)
dziadzie (singular vocative)
dziadu (singular vocative)
dziady (plural vocative)


dziad

dziad (nominative singular)
dziady (nominative plural)
dziadu (genitive singular)
dziadów (genitive plural)
dziadowi (dative singular)
dziadom (dative plural)
dziad (accusative singular)
dziady (accusative plural)
dziadem (instrumental singular)
dziadami (instrumental plural)
dziadzie (locative singular)
dziadach (locative plural)
dziadzie (singular vocative)
dziady (plural vocative)

(paganism, Slavic mythology, in the plural) pagan ritual involving the summoning of apparitions

(botany, chiefly in the plural) bur, burr (of burdock)

(chiefly in the plural) blackberry shrub or fruit


poziomka

poziomka f (diminutive poziomeczka, related adjective poziomkowy)

poziomeczka (diminutive)
poziomkowy (adjective)
poziomka (nominative singular)
poziomki (nominative plural)
poziomki (genitive singular)
poziomek (genitive plural)
poziomce (dative singular)
poziomkom (dative plural)
poziomkę (accusative singular)
poziomki (accusative plural)
poziomką (instrumental singular)
poziomkami (instrumental plural)
poziomce (locative singular)
poziomkach (locative plural)
poziomko (singular vocative)
poziomki (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: пазёмка (pazjómka)

Inherited from Old Polish poziemki /pozimki pl. By surface analysis, po- + ziemi + -ka. Compare Russian па́земка (pázemka) and земляни́ка (zemljaníka).

inh+

Carpathian strawberry
Carpathian strawberry

Fragaria vesca
Fragaria vesca#Translingual

wild strawberry, woodland strawberry, Alpine strawberry, Carpathian strawberry, European strawberry (Fragaria vesca)

wild strawberry, woodland strawberry, Alpine strawberry, Carpathian strawberry, European strawberry (fruit of Fragaria vesca)


czereśnia

pl-noun

czereśnia f (related adjective czereśniowy)

czereśniowy (adjective)
czereśnia (nominative singular)
czereśnie (nominative plural)
czereśni (genitive singular)
czereśni (genitive plural)
czereśni (dative singular)
czereśniom (dative plural)
czereśnię (accusative singular)
czereśnie (accusative plural)
czereśnią (instrumental singular)
czereśniami (instrumental plural)
czereśni (locative singular)
czereśniach (locative plural)
czereśnio (singular vocative)
czereśnie (plural vocative)

/t͡ʂɛˈrɛɕ.ɲa/

Borrowed from Ukrainian чере́шня (čeréšnja). Displaced Old Polish czrześnia. Doublet of trześnia.

bor+

sweet cherry, wild cherry, gean, mazzard (Prunus avium)


wiśnia

pl-noun

wiśnia f (diminutive wisienka, related adjective wiśniowy)

wisienka (diminutive)
wiśniowy (adjective)
wiśnia (nominative singular)
wiśnie (nominative plural)
wiśni (genitive singular)
wiśni (genitive plural)
wiśni (dative singular)
wiśniom (dative plural)
wiśnię (accusative singular)
wiśnie (accusative plural)
wiśnią (instrumental singular)
wiśniami (instrumental plural)
wiśni (locative singular)
wiśniach (locative plural)
wiśnio (singular vocative)
wiśnie (plural vocative)

Prunus cerasus
Prunus cerasus#Translingual


grejpfrut

grejpfrut (nominative singular)
grejpfruty (nominative plural)
grejpfruta (genitive singular)
grejpfrutów (genitive plural)
grejpfrutowi (dative singular)
grejpfrutom (dative plural)
grejpfrut (accusative singular)
grejpfruty (accusative plural)
grejpfrutem (instrumental singular)
grejpfrutami (instrumental plural)
grejpfrucie (locative singular)
grejpfrutach (locative plural)
grejpfrucie (singular vocative)
grejpfruty (plural vocative)


mandarynka

mandarynka (nominative singular)
mandarynki (nominative plural)
mandarynki (genitive singular)
mandarynek (genitive plural)
mandarynce (dative singular)
mandarynkom (dative plural)
mandarynkę (accusative singular)
mandarynki (accusative plural)
mandarynką (instrumental singular)
mandarynkami (instrumental plural)
mandarynce (locative singular)
mandarynkach (locative plural)
mandarynko (singular vocative)
mandarynki (plural vocative)

From French mandarine + -ka, from Portuguese mandarim, from Malay menteri, manteri, from Hindi मन्त्रि (mantri), from Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin), from मन्त्र (mantra) + -इन् (-in). Doublet of mandaryn.


pokrzywa

pokrzywka (diminutive)
pokrzywa (nominative singular)
pokrzywy (nominative plural)
pokrzywy (genitive singular)
pokrzyw (genitive plural)
pokrzywie (dative singular)
pokrzywom (dative plural)
pokrzywę (accusative singular)
pokrzywy (accusative plural)
pokrzywą (instrumental singular)
pokrzywami (instrumental plural)
pokrzywie (locative singular)
pokrzywach (locative plural)
pokrzywo (singular vocative)
pokrzywy (plural vocative)

desc

→ Yiddish: פּאָקשיװע (pokshive), פּאָקזשיװע (pokzhive)

Inherited from Old Polish koprzywa. Compare the toponym Koprzywnica.


wierzba

wierzba (nominative singular)
wierzby (nominative plural)
wierzby (genitive singular)
wierzb (genitive plural)
wierzbie (dative singular)
wierzbom (dative plural)
wierzbę (accusative singular)
wierzby (accusative plural)
wierzbą (instrumental singular)
wierzbami (instrumental plural)
wierzbie (locative singular)
wierzbach (locative plural)
wierzbo (singular vocative)
wierzby (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish wierzba, from Proto-Slavic *vьrba, from Proto-Indo-European *werb-.


topola

topolowy (adjective)
topola (nominative singular)
topole (nominative plural)
topoli (genitive singular)
topól (genitive plural)
topoli (genitive plural)
topoli (dative singular)
topolom (dative plural)
topolę (accusative singular)
topole (accusative plural)
topolą (instrumental singular)
topolami (instrumental plural)
topoli (locative singular)
topolach (locative plural)
topolo (singular vocative)
topole (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish topola, from Proto-Slavic *topolь.


kasztan

pl-noun

kasztan m inan (related adjective kasztanowy)

kasztanowy (adjective)
kasztan (nominative singular)
kasztany (nominative plural)
kasztanu (genitive singular)
kasztanów (genitive plural)
kasztanowi (dative singular)
kasztanom (dative plural)
kasztan (accusative singular)
kasztany (accusative plural)
kasztanem (instrumental singular)
kasztanami (instrumental plural)
kasztanie (locative singular)
kasztanach (locative plural)
kasztanie (singular vocative)
kasztany (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin castanea. Doublet of szatyn.

(countable) chestnut, chestnut tree (any tree of the genus Castanea)

(countable) chestnut (edible nut of a chestnut tree)

kasztan:

(uncountable) chestnut (dark, reddish-brown color, as seen on the fruit of the chestnut tree)


kasztan

kasztan (nominative singular)
kasztany (nominative plural)
kasztana (genitive singular)
kasztanów (genitive plural)
kasztanowi (dative singular)
kasztanom (dative plural)
kasztana (accusative singular)
kasztany (accusative plural)
kasztanem (instrumental singular)
kasztanami (instrumental plural)
kasztanie (locative singular)
kasztanach (locative plural)
kasztanie (singular vocative)
kasztany (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: кашта́н (kaštán)

→ Esperanto: kaŝtano

→ Russian: кашта́н (kaštán)

→ Ukrainian: кашта́н (kaštán)

→ Yiddish: קאַשטאַן (kashtan)


jemioła

jemioła (nominative singular)
jemioły (nominative plural)
jemioły (genitive singular)
jemioł (genitive plural)
jemiole (dative singular)
jemiołom (dative plural)
jemiołę (accusative singular)
jemioły (accusative plural)
jemiołą (instrumental singular)
jemiołami (instrumental plural)
jemiole (locative singular)
jemiołach (locative plural)
jemioło (singular vocative)
jemioły (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьmela, *jemela.

mistletoe, any plant of the genus Viscum


szałwia

szałwia (nominative singular)
szałwie (nominative plural)
szałwii (genitive singular)
szałwi (genitive singular)
szałwii (genitive plural)
szałwi (genitive plural)
szałwii (dative singular)
szałwi (dative singular)
szałwiom (dative plural)
szałwię (accusative singular)
szałwie (accusative plural)
szałwią (instrumental singular)
szałwiami (instrumental plural)
szałwii (locative singular)
szałwi (locative singular)
szałwiach (locative plural)
szałwio (singular vocative)
szałwie (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: שאַלוויִע (shalvie)

Learned borrowing from Latin salvia, from salvus.


jodła

jodełka (diminutive)
jodła (nominative singular)
jodły (nominative plural)
jodły (genitive singular)
jodeł (genitive plural)
jodle (dative singular)
jodłom (dative plural)
jodłę (accusative singular)
jodły (accusative plural)
jodłą (instrumental singular)
jodłami (instrumental plural)
jodle (locative singular)
jodłach (locative plural)
jodło (singular vocative)
jodły (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: יאָדלע (yodle)


modrzew

modrzew m inan (diminutive modrzewik, related adjective modrzewiowy or modrzewowy)

modrzewik (diminutive)
modrzewiowy (adjective)
modrzewowy (adjective)
modrzew (nominative singular)
modrzewie (nominative plural)
modrzewia (genitive singular)
modrzewi (genitive plural)
modrzewiowi (dative singular)
modrzewiom (dative plural)
modrzew (accusative singular)
modrzewie (accusative plural)
modrzewiem (instrumental singular)
modrzewiami (instrumental plural)
modrzewiu (locative singular)
modrzewiach (locative plural)
modrzewiu (singular vocative)
modrzewie (plural vocative)


jajecznica

jajecznica (nominative singular)
jajecznice (nominative plural)
jajecznicy (genitive singular)
jajecznic (genitive plural)
jajecznicy (dative singular)
jajecznicom (dative plural)
jajecznicę (accusative singular)
jajecznice (accusative plural)
jajecznicą (instrumental singular)
jajecznicami (instrumental plural)
jajecznicy (locative singular)
jajecznicach (locative plural)
jajecznico (singular vocative)
jajecznice (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ājьčьnica. By surface analysis, jajeczny + -ica.


psianka

psianka (nominative singular)
psianki (nominative plural)
psianki (genitive singular)
psianek (genitive plural)
psiance (dative singular)
psiankom (dative plural)
psiankę (accusative singular)
psianki (accusative plural)
psianką (instrumental singular)
psiankami (instrumental plural)
psiance (locative singular)
psiankach (locative plural)
psianko (singular vocative)
psianki (plural vocative)

nightshade (any plant of the genus Solanum)


jesion

jesion m inan (diminutive jesionek, related adjective jesionowy)

jesionek (diminutive)
jesionowy (adjective)
jesion (nominative singular)
jesiony (nominative plural)
jesionu (genitive singular)
jesionów (genitive plural)
jesionowi (dative singular)
jesionom (dative plural)
jesion (accusative singular)
jesiony (accusative plural)
jesionem (instrumental singular)
jesionami (instrumental plural)
jesionie (locative singular)
jesionach (locative plural)
jesionie (singular vocative)
jesiony (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *àsenь, *àsenъ, with the Old Polish dialectal change ja- → je-. Although today this change is confined to northern Masovia, the form jesion dominates everywhere, except in most of Lesser Poland, and is, along with its derivatives, the only word with this change that has made its way to the literary language.

inh+

ash, ash tree (any tree of the genus Fraxinus)


tytoń

pl-noun

tytoń m inan (related adjective tytoniowy)

tytoniowy (adjective)
tytoń (nominative singular)
tytonie (nominative plural)
tytoniu (genitive singular)
tytoni (genitive plural)
tytoniów (genitive plural)
tytoniowi (dative singular)
tytoniom (dative plural)
tytoń (accusative singular)
tytonie (accusative plural)
tytoniem (instrumental singular)
tytoniami (instrumental plural)
tytoniu (locative singular)
tytoniach (locative plural)
tytoniu (singular vocative)
tytonie (plural vocative)

(countable) tobacco (any plant of the genus Nicotiana)

(uncountable) tobacco (leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and some other species cultivated and harvested to make cigarettes, cigars, snuff, for smoking in pipes or for chewing)


omlet

omlecik (diminutive)
omlet (nominative singular)
omlety (nominative plural)
omletu (genitive singular)
omleta (genitive singular)
omletów (genitive plural)
omletowi (dative singular)
omletom (dative plural)
omlet (accusative singular)
omlety (accusative plural)
omletem (instrumental singular)
omletami (instrumental plural)
omlecie (locative singular)
omletach (locative plural)
omlecie (singular vocative)
omlety (plural vocative)


marchew

marchewka (diminutive)
marchew (nominative singular)
marchwi (genitive singular)
marchwi (dative singular)
marchew (accusative singular)
marchwią (instrumental singular)
marchwi (locative singular)
marchwi (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mъrkỳ. Doublet of morkwa.


żyto

żyto (nominative singular)
żyta (nominative plural)
żyta (genitive singular)
żyt (genitive plural)
żytu (dative singular)
żytom (dative plural)
żyto (accusative singular)
żyta (accusative plural)
żytem (instrumental singular)
żytami (instrumental plural)
życie (locative singular)
żytach (locative plural)
żyto (singular vocative)
żyta (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish żyto, from Proto-Slavic *žìto (“grain, corn”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *géiˀta, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-to-m, from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”).


szlug

szlug (nominative singular)
szlugi (nominative plural)
szluga (genitive singular)
szlugów (genitive plural)
szlugowi (dative singular)
szlugom (dative plural)
szluga (accusative singular)
szlugi (accusative plural)
szlugiem (instrumental singular)
szlugami (instrumental plural)
szlugu (locative singular)
szlugach (locative plural)
szlugu (singular vocative)
szlugi (plural vocative)


gnida

gnida (nominative singular)
gnidy (nominative plural)
gnidy (genitive singular)
gnidów (genitive plural)
gnidzie (dative singular)
gnidom (dative plural)
gnidę (accusative singular)
gnidów (accusative plural)
gnidą (instrumental singular)
gnidami (instrumental plural)
gnidzie (locative singular)
gnidach (locative plural)
gnido (singular vocative)
gnidy (plural vocative)
gnida (nominative singular)
gnidy (nominative plural)
gnidy (genitive singular)
gnid (genitive plural)
gnidzie (dative singular)
gnidom (dative plural)
gnidę (accusative singular)
gnidy (accusative plural)
gnidą (instrumental singular)
gnidami (instrumental plural)
gnidzie (locative singular)
gnidach (locative plural)
gnido (singular vocative)
gnidy (plural vocative)

(colloquial, derogatory) scumbag (contemptible person)


kukurydza

kukurydza f (related adjective kukurydziany or kukurydzowy)

kukurydziany (adjective)
kukurydzowy (adjective)
kukurydza (nominative singular)
kukurydze (nominative plural)
kukurydzy (genitive singular)
kukurydz (genitive plural)
kukurydzy (dative singular)
kukurydzom (dative plural)
kukurydzę (accusative singular)
kukurydze (accusative plural)
kukurydzą (instrumental singular)
kukurydzami (instrumental plural)
kukurydzy (locative singular)
kukurydzach (locative plural)
kukurydzo (singular vocative)
kukurydze (plural vocative)

Attested at least since 1791. A Balkan wanderword of unknown origin, perhaps from Ukrainian кукуру́дза (kukurúdza), Serbo-Croatian kukuruz, or Ottoman Turkish قوقوروز. The penultimate vowel in the modern form is likely due to paronymic attraction to the common suffix -yca. Compare Czech kukuřice.

Wołochy zaś, Mołdawia, Bessarabia, Tauryka, są Uroczyska, na ktòrych rodzą się kukurydze i arbuzy, a ziemia przez ustawiczne woyny Turkow i Moskwy uprawna rozlewem krwi, iest mieszkaniem stado bydła, owiec i koni.

1791, Franciszek Salezy Jezierski, Niektóre wyrazy porządkiem abecadła zebrane:

Tallachia, Moldova, Bessarabia, Tauryka, on the other hand, are woods where corn and watermelons grow, and the ground is kept with bloodshed from the incessant wars between the Turks and Moscow, and there is a herd of cattle, sheep, and horses.

(uncountable) maize, corn (any plant of the genus Zea)

(countable) maize, corn (grain of Zea mays)

(countable) corncob (central cylindrical core of an ear of maize on which the kernels are attached in rows)


barszcz

barszczyk (diminutive)
barszcz (nominative singular)
barszcze (nominative plural)
barszczu (genitive singular)
barszczów (genitive plural)
barszczy (genitive plural)
barszczowi (dative singular)
barszczom (dative plural)
barszcz (accusative singular)
barszcze (accusative plural)
barszczem (instrumental singular)
barszczami (instrumental plural)
barszczu (locative singular)
barszczach (locative plural)
barszczu (singular vocative)
barszcze (plural vocative)

→ English: barszcz

→ Esperanto: barĉo

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: барщъ (baršč)
Belarusian: баршч (baršč)

Inherited from Old Polish barszcz, with a semantic shift of hogweed > sour hogweed soup > other sour soups > beetroot soup. For the semantic shift, compare Ukrainian борщ (boršč).

borscht (beetroot soup that can be served hot or cold, usually with sour cream; a single serving of this soup)

hogweed, cow parsnip, pigweed (any plant of the genus Heracleum)

(obsolete, cooking) sourdough; sourdough starter; leavening agent


kminek

kminek (nominative singular)
kminki (nominative plural)
kminka (genitive singular)
kminków (genitive plural)
kminkowi (dative singular)
kminkom (dative plural)
kminek (accusative singular)
kminki (accusative plural)
kminkiem (instrumental singular)
kminkami (instrumental plural)
kminku (locative singular)
kminkach (locative plural)
kminku (singular vocative)
kminki (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: קמיניק (kminik)


szczwół

szczwół (nominative singular)
szczwoły (nominative plural)
szczwołu (genitive singular)
szczwołów (genitive plural)
szczwołowi (dative singular)
szczwołom (dative plural)
szczwół (accusative singular)
szczwoły (accusative plural)
szczwołem (instrumental singular)
szczwołami (instrumental plural)
szczwole (locative singular)
szczwołach (locative plural)
szczwole (singular vocative)
szczwoły (plural vocative)

From szczwać (Middle Polish) + Proto-Slavic *-olъ.

af

szczwół plamisty


cierniówka

cierniówka (nominative singular)
cierniówki (nominative plural)
cierniówki (genitive singular)
cierniówek (genitive plural)
cierniówce (dative singular)
cierniówkom (dative plural)
cierniówkę (accusative singular)
cierniówki (accusative plural)
cierniówką (instrumental singular)
cierniówkami (instrumental plural)
cierniówce (locative singular)
cierniówkach (locative plural)
cierniówko (singular vocative)
cierniówki (plural vocative)

Sylvia communis
Sylvia communis#Translingual


bąk

bączek (diminutive)
bąk (nominative singular)
bąki (nominative plural)
bąka (genitive singular)
bąków (genitive plural)
bąkowi (dative singular)
bąkom (dative plural)
bąka (accusative singular)
bąki (accusative plural)
bąkiem (instrumental singular)
bąkami (instrumental plural)
bąku (locative singular)
bąkach (locative plural)
bąku (singular vocative)
bąki (plural vocative)


białko

białkowy (adjective)
białko (nominative singular)
białka (nominative plural)
białka (genitive singular)
białek (genitive plural)
białku (dative singular)
białkom (dative plural)
białko (accusative singular)
białka (accusative plural)
białkiem (instrumental singular)
białkami (instrumental plural)
białku (locative singular)
białkach (locative plural)
białko (singular vocative)
białka (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bělъkъ. By surface analysis, biały + -ko. Sense 2 is a semantic loan from Latin albūmen. For the sense of albumen, compare English white (of the eye) and German weiße (Augenhaut).

sl

(biochemistry) protein (large, complex molecule composed of long chains of amino acids)


cierń

cierń (nominative singular)
ciernie (nominative plural)
ciernia (genitive singular)
cierni (genitive plural)
cierniów (genitive plural)
cierniowi (dative singular)
cierniom (dative plural)
cierń (accusative singular)
ciernie (accusative plural)
cierniem (instrumental singular)
cierniami (instrumental plural)
cierniu (locative singular)
cierniach (locative plural)
cierniu (singular vocative)
ciernie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish ciernie, cierznie, cirnie, cirznie, cirń. Cognate with Bulgarian тръ́не (trǎ́ne), Old Church Slavonic трьниѥ (trĭnije), Russian те́рние (térnije), Serbo-Croatian тр̑ње, Slovak tŕnie, Slovene tŕnje.

inh+

(botany) thorn (sharp protective spine of a plant)

(botany, colloquial) thorn (any shrub or small tree that bears thorns)


granat

Borrowed from Italian granata, from Latin granatus.


porzeczka

pl-noun

porzeczka f (related adjective porzeczkowy)

porzeczkowy (adjective)
porzeczka (nominative singular)
porzeczki (nominative plural)
porzeczki (genitive singular)
porzeczek (genitive plural)
porzeczce (dative singular)
porzeczkom (dative plural)
porzeczkę (accusative singular)
porzeczki (accusative plural)
porzeczką (instrumental singular)
porzeczkami (instrumental plural)
porzeczce (locative singular)
porzeczkach (locative plural)
porzeczko (singular vocative)
porzeczki (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: парэ́чка (paréčka)

→ Ukrainian: порі́чка (poríčka)


morwa

morwa (nominative singular)
morwy (nominative plural)
morwy (genitive singular)
morw (genitive plural)
morwie (dative singular)
morwom (dative plural)
morwę (accusative singular)
morwy (accusative plural)
morwą (instrumental singular)
morwami (instrumental plural)
morwie (locative singular)
morwach (locative plural)
morwo (singular vocative)
morwy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin mōrum, from Ancient Greek μόρον (móron).


pigwa

pigwowy (adjective)
pigwa (nominative singular)
pigwy (nominative plural)
pigwy (genitive singular)
pigw (genitive plural)
pigwie (dative singular)
pigwom (dative plural)
pigwę (accusative singular)
pigwy (accusative plural)
pigwą (instrumental singular)
pigwami (instrumental plural)
pigwie (locative singular)
pigwach (locative plural)
pigwo (singular vocative)
pigwy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish pigwa. Doublet of figa and fikus.


bluszcz

bluszczyk (diminutive)
bluszcz (nominative singular)
bluszcze (nominative plural)
bluszczu (genitive singular)
bluszczy (genitive plural)
bluszczów (genitive plural)
bluszczowi (dative singular)
bluszczom (dative plural)
bluszcz (accusative singular)
bluszcze (accusative plural)
bluszczem (instrumental singular)
bluszczami (instrumental plural)
bluszczu (locative singular)
bluszczach (locative plural)
bluszczu (singular vocative)
bluszcze (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish bluszcz, from Proto-Slavic *bľuščь.

gęsty bluszcz

trujący bluszcz

zielony bluszcz

gałązki bluszczu

liście bluszczu

pędy bluszczu

odmiany bluszczu

bluszcz oplatał

bluszcz piął się

bluszcz porastał

bluszcz rozrasta się

obsadzić bluszczem

objęty bluszczem

obrosły/obrośnięty bluszczem

opleciony bluszczem

ozdobiony bluszczem

pokryty bluszczem

porośnięty bluszczem

spowity bluszczem

zarośnięty bluszczem

owijać się jak bluszcz


winnica

winniczka (diminutive)
winnica (nominative singular)
winnice (nominative plural)
winnicy (genitive singular)
winnic (genitive plural)
winnicy (dative singular)
winnicom (dative plural)
winnicę (accusative singular)
winnice (accusative plural)
winnicą (instrumental singular)
winnicami (instrumental plural)
winnicy (locative singular)
winnicach (locative plural)
winnico (singular vocative)
winnice (plural vocative)


oliwka

oliwka (nominative singular)
oliwki (nominative plural)
oliwki (genitive singular)
oliwek (genitive plural)
oliwce (dative singular)
oliwkom (dative plural)
oliwkę (accusative singular)
oliwki (accusative plural)
oliwką (instrumental singular)
oliwkami (instrumental plural)
oliwce (locative singular)
oliwkach (locative plural)
oliwko (singular vocative)
oliwki (plural vocative)


spad

spad (nominative singular)
spady (nominative plural)
spadu (genitive singular)
spadów (genitive plural)
spadowi (dative singular)
spadom (dative plural)
spad (accusative singular)
spady (accusative plural)
spadem (instrumental singular)
spadami (instrumental plural)
spadzie (locative singular)
spadach (locative plural)
spadzie (singular vocative)
spady (plural vocative)


szczypiorek

szczypiorek (nominative singular)
szczypiorki (nominative plural)
szczypiorka (genitive singular)
szczypiorków (genitive plural)
szczypiorkowi (dative singular)
szczypiorkom (dative plural)
szczypiorek (accusative singular)
szczypiorki (accusative plural)
szczypiorkiem (instrumental singular)
szczypiorkami (instrumental plural)
szczypiorku (locative singular)
szczypiorkach (locative plural)
szczypiorku (singular vocative)
szczypiorki (plural vocative)

Allium schoenoprasum
Allium schoenoprasum#Translingual


żółtko

żółtko (nominative singular)
żółtka (nominative plural)
żółtka (genitive singular)
żółtek (genitive plural)
żółtku (dative singular)
żółtkom (dative plural)
żółtko (accusative singular)
żółtka (accusative plural)
żółtkiem (instrumental singular)
żółtkami (instrumental plural)
żółtku (locative singular)
żółtkach (locative plural)
żółtko (singular vocative)
żółtka (plural vocative)

Holonym: jajko

Comeronym: skorupka

Coordinate term: białko


awokado

Borrowed from Spanish avocado, from the earlier aguacate, from Classical Nahuatl āhuacatl, from Proto-Nahuan *pa:wa (“avocado”).


nektaryna

nektaryna (nominative singular)
nektaryny (nominative plural)
nektaryny (genitive singular)
nektaryn (genitive plural)
nektarynie (dative singular)
nektarynom (dative plural)
nektarynę (accusative singular)
nektaryny (accusative plural)
nektaryną (instrumental singular)
nektarynami (instrumental plural)
nektarynie (locative singular)
nektarynach (locative plural)
nektaryno (singular vocative)
nektaryny (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English nectarine, French nectarine, German Nektarine.

nectarine (cultivar of the peach distinguished by its skin being smooth, not fuzzy)


zboże

zbożowy (adjective)
zboże (nominative singular)
zboża (nominative plural)
zboża (genitive singular)
zbóż (genitive plural)
zbożu (dative singular)
zbożom (dative plural)
zboże (accusative singular)
zboża (accusative plural)
zbożem (instrumental singular)
zbożami (instrumental plural)
zbożu (locative singular)
zbożach (locative plural)
zboże (singular vocative)
zboża (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъbožьje. By surface analysis, z- + boże + -e.


anyż

anyż m inan (diminutive anyżek, related adjective anyżowy)

anyżek (diminutive)
anyżowy (adjective)
anyż (nominative singular)
anyżu (genitive singular)
anyżowi (dative singular)
anyż (accusative singular)
anyżem (instrumental singular)
anyżu (locative singular)
anyżu (singular vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish anyż. Compare Kashubian anys and Slovincian anys.

Pimpinella anisum
Pimpinella anisum#Translingual


dereń

dereń (nominative singular)
derenie (nominative plural)
derenia (genitive singular)
dereniu (genitive singular)
dereni (genitive plural)
dereniowi (dative singular)
dereniom (dative plural)
dereń (accusative singular)
derenie (accusative plural)
dereniem (instrumental singular)
dereniami (instrumental plural)
dereniu (locative singular)
dereniach (locative plural)
dereniu (singular vocative)
derenie (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ukrainian дере́н (derén), from Proto-Slavic *dernъ. Displaced native Old Polish drzon, drzoń.

cornel, dogwood (any tree or shrub of genus Cornus)


lawenda

lawenda (nominative singular)
lawendy (nominative plural)
lawendy (genitive singular)
lawend (genitive plural)
lawendzie (dative singular)
lawendom (dative plural)
lawendę (accusative singular)
lawendy (accusative plural)
lawendą (instrumental singular)
lawendami (instrumental plural)
lawendzie (locative singular)
lawendach (locative plural)
lawendo (singular vocative)
lawendy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian lavanda, from Latin lavanda.


mięta

mięta (nominative singular)
mięty (nominative plural)
mięty (genitive singular)
mięt (genitive plural)
mięcie (dative singular)
miętom (dative plural)
miętę (accusative singular)
mięty (accusative plural)
miętą (instrumental singular)
miętami (instrumental plural)
mięcie (locative singular)
miętach (locative plural)
mięto (singular vocative)
mięty (plural vocative)


bukszpan

bukszpan m inan (related adjective bukszpanowy)

bukszpanowy (adjective)
bukszpan (nominative singular)
bukszpany (nominative plural)
bukszpanu (genitive singular)
bukszpanów (genitive plural)
bukszpanowi (dative singular)
bukszpanom (dative plural)
bukszpan (accusative singular)
bukszpany (accusative plural)
bukszpanem (instrumental singular)
bukszpanami (instrumental plural)
bukszpanie (locative singular)
bukszpanach (locative plural)
bukszpanie (singular vocative)
bukszpany (plural vocative)

→ Ukrainian: бу́кшпан (búkšpan)

box, boxwood (any plant of the genus Buxus)


leszczyna

leszczyna (nominative singular)
leszczyny (nominative plural)
leszczyny (genitive singular)
leszczyn (genitive plural)
leszczynie (dative singular)
leszczynom (dative plural)
leszczynę (accusative singular)
leszczyny (accusative plural)
leszczyną (instrumental singular)
leszczynami (instrumental plural)
leszczynie (locative singular)
leszczynach (locative plural)
leszczyno (singular vocative)
leszczyny (plural vocative)

hazel (any tree or shrub of the genus Corylus)


pisanka

pisanka (nominative singular)
pisanki (nominative plural)
pisanki (genitive singular)
pisanek (genitive plural)
pisance (dative singular)
pisankom (dative plural)
pisankę (accusative singular)
pisanki (accusative plural)
pisanką (instrumental singular)
pisankami (instrumental plural)
pisance (locative singular)
pisankach (locative plural)
pisanko (singular vocative)
pisanki (plural vocative)

pisanka (dyed Easter egg with intricate designs)


paliwo

paliwowy (adjective)
paliwo (nominative singular)
paliwa (nominative plural)
paliwa (genitive singular)
paliw (genitive plural)
paliwu (dative singular)
paliwom (dative plural)
paliwo (accusative singular)
paliwa (accusative plural)
paliwem (instrumental singular)
paliwami (instrumental plural)
paliwie (locative singular)
paliwach (locative plural)
paliwo (singular vocative)
paliwa (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: palëwò

From palić + -iwo. Calque of French combustible and German Brennstoff, coined with the widespread use of steam machines. First attested in 1783.

ref

Johann Wenzel Pol (1783) Neuverbesserte Böhmische Grammatik, mit all erforderlichen tüchtigen Grundsätzen, gut, und verläßlicher Rechtschreibung, Ableitung, und zufolge dieser verschiedener Bedeutung der böhmischen Wörter bewehrt... (in German), Trattner, page 316

(obsolete, humorous) tobacco (leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and some other species cultivated and harvested to make cigarettes, cigars, snuff, for smoking in pipes or for chewing)


akacja

akacjowy (adjective)
akacja (nominative singular)
akacje (nominative plural)
akacji (genitive singular)
akacji (genitive plural)
akacyj (archaic genitive plural)
akacji (dative singular)
akacjom (dative plural)
akację (accusative singular)
akacje (accusative plural)
akacją (instrumental singular)
akacjami (instrumental plural)
akacji (locative singular)
akacjach (locative plural)
akacjo (singular vocative)
akacje (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: akacjô

Borrowed from German Akazie. First attested in 1595.

Robinia pseudoacacia
Robinia pseudoacacia#Translingual


bażyna

bażyna (nominative singular)
bażyny (nominative plural)
bażyny (genitive singular)
bażyn (genitive plural)
bażynie (dative singular)
bażynom (dative plural)
bażynę (accusative singular)
bażyny (accusative plural)
bażyną (instrumental singular)
bażynami (instrumental plural)
bażynie (locative singular)
bażynach (locative plural)
bażyno (singular vocative)
bażyny (plural vocative)

crowberry (any plant of the genus Empetrum)