król

król m pers (female equivalent królowa, diminutive (derogatory) królik, augmentative królisko, related adjective królewski)

królowa (feminine)
królik (derogatory diminutive)
królisko (augmentative)
królewski (adjective)
król (nominative singular)
królowie (nominative plural)
króle (derogatory nominative plural)
króla (genitive singular)
królów (genitive plural)
królowi (dative singular)
królom (dative plural)
króla (accusative singular)
królów (accusative plural)
królem (instrumental singular)
królami (instrumental plural)
królu (locative singular)
królach (locative plural)
królu (singular vocative)
królowie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish król. Sense 2, sense 3, and sense 4 and are an internationalism semantic loan; compare English king, French roi and German König. Doublet of Karol.

king (male monarch; a man who heads a monarchy)

(obsolete) a term of endearment for a romantic partner


król

król (nominative singular)
króle (nominative plural)
króla (genitive singular)
króli (genitive plural)
królowi (dative singular)
królom (dative plural)
króla (accusative singular)
króle (accusative plural)
królem (instrumental singular)
królami (instrumental plural)
królu (locative singular)
królach (locative plural)
królu (singular vocative)
króle (plural vocative)

(obsolete, engineering) bevel shaft in a smock mill


jukka

jukka (nominative singular)
jukki (nominative plural)
jukki (genitive singular)
jukk (genitive plural)
jukce (dative singular)
jukkom (dative plural)
jukkę (accusative singular)
jukki (accusative plural)
jukką (instrumental singular)
jukkami (instrumental plural)
jukce (locative singular)
jukkach (locative plural)
jukko (singular vocative)
jukki (plural vocative)


kania

pl-noun

kania f (augmentative (dialectal) kaniora)

kaniora (augmentative dialectal)
kania (nominative singular)
kanie (nominative plural)
kani (genitive singular)
kań (genitive plural)
kani (dative singular)
kaniom (dative plural)
kanię (accusative singular)
kanie (accusative plural)
kanią (instrumental singular)
kaniami (instrumental plural)
kani (locative singular)
kaniach (locative plural)
kanio (singular vocative)
kanie (plural vocative)

Macrolepiota procera
Macrolepiota procera#Translingual

kite (any bird of prey of the genus Milvus)


osina

osina (nominative singular)
osiny (nominative plural)
osiny (genitive singular)
osin (genitive plural)
osinie (dative singular)
osinom (dative plural)
osinę (accusative singular)
osiny (accusative plural)
osiną (instrumental singular)
osinami (instrumental plural)
osinie (locative singular)
osinach (locative plural)
osino (singular vocative)
osiny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *opsina, from *opsa.


reproduktor

reproduktor (nominative singular)
reproduktory (nominative plural)
reproduktora (genitive singular)
reproduktorów (genitive plural)
reproduktorowi (dative singular)
reproduktorom (dative plural)
reproduktora (accusative singular)
reproduktory (accusative plural)
reproduktorem (instrumental singular)
reproduktorami (instrumental plural)
reproduktorze (locative singular)
reproduktorach (locative plural)
reproduktorze (singular vocative)
reproduktory (plural vocative)

breeder, sire (male animal used for breeding)


miód

miodek (diminutive)
miód (nominative singular)
miody (nominative plural)
miodu (genitive singular)
miodów (genitive plural)
miodowi (dative singular)
miodom (dative plural)
miód (accusative singular)
miody (accusative plural)
miodem (instrumental singular)
miodami (instrumental plural)
miodzie (locative singular)
miodach (locative plural)
miodzie (singular vocative)
miody (plural vocative)

honey (viscous substance produced by honeybees and some related insects)


tabaka

tabaczka (diminutive)
tabaka (nominative singular)
tabaki (genitive singular)
tabace (dative singular)
tabakę (accusative singular)
tabaką (instrumental singular)
tabace (locative singular)
tabako (singular vocative)


wielbłąd

wielbłąd (nominative singular)
wielbłądy (nominative plural)
wielbłąda (genitive singular)
wielbłądów (genitive plural)
wielbłądowi (dative singular)
wielbłądom (dative plural)
wielbłąda (accusative singular)
wielbłądy (accusative plural)
wielbłądem (instrumental singular)
wielbłądami (instrumental plural)
wielbłądzie (locative singular)
wielbłądach (locative plural)
wielbłądzie (singular vocative)
wielbłądy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *velьb(l)ǫdъ, *vъlьb(l)ǫdъ, from Gothic 𐌿𐌻𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌿𐍃 (ulbandus), from Latin elephantus, from Ancient Greek ἐλέφας (eléphas). The humorous meaning from reanalysis as wielki (“large, giant”) + błąd (“error, mistake”).


morda

pl-noun

morda f (diminutive mordka or morduchna)

mordka (diminutive)
morduchna (diminutive)
morda (nominative singular)
mordy (nominative plural)
mordy (genitive singular)
mord (genitive plural)
mordzie (dative singular)
mordom (dative plural)
mordę (accusative singular)
mordy (accusative plural)
mordą (instrumental singular)
mordami (instrumental plural)
mordzie (locative singular)
mordach (locative plural)
mordo (singular vocative)
mordy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from East Slavic. Compare Russian мо́рда (mórda).

snout, muzzle (long, projecting nose, mouth, and jaw of a beast, as of pigs)


termit

termit (nominative singular)
termity (nominative plural)
termita (genitive singular)
termitów (genitive plural)
termitowi (dative singular)
termitom (dative plural)
termita (accusative singular)
termity (accusative plural)
termitem (instrumental singular)
termitami (instrumental plural)
termicie (locative singular)
termitach (locative plural)
termicie (singular vocative)
termity (plural vocative)


amorfa

amorfa (nominative singular)
amorfy (nominative plural)
amorfy (genitive singular)
amorf (genitive plural)
amorfie (dative singular)
amorfom (dative plural)
amorfę (accusative singular)
amorfy (accusative plural)
amorfą (instrumental singular)
amorfami (instrumental plural)
amorfie (locative singular)
amorfach (locative plural)
amorfo (singular vocative)
amorfy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin Amorpha, from Ancient Greek ἄμορφος (ámorphos). First attested in 1805.

ref

Izabela Czartoryska (1805) Myśli różne o sposobie zakładania ogrodów (in Polish), page 51

amorpha (any species of the genus Amorpha)


wół

wołek (diminutive)
wół (nominative singular)
woły (nominative plural)
wołu (genitive singular)
woła (genitive singular)
wołów (genitive plural)
wołowi (dative singular)
wołom (dative plural)
wołu (accusative singular)
woła (accusative singular)
woły (accusative plural)
wołem (instrumental singular)
wołami (instrumental plural)
wole (locative singular)
wołach (locative plural)
wole (singular vocative)
woły (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish wół, from Proto-Slavic *volъ.


acerola

acerola (nominative singular)
acerole (nominative plural)
aceroli (genitive singular)
acerol (genitive plural)
aceroli (genitive plural)
aceroli (dative singular)
acerolom (dative plural)
acerolę (accusative singular)
acerole (accusative plural)
acerolą (instrumental singular)
acerolami (instrumental plural)
aceroli (locative singular)
acerolach (locative plural)
acerolo (singular vocative)
acerole (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish acerola. First attested in 1869.

Iris: czasopismo poświęcone ogrodnictwu, sadownictwu, pszczelnictwu, z dodatkiem literacko-artystycznym, number 10, 1869, page 253

owoc aceroli


pchła

pchełka (diminutive)
pchła (nominative singular)
pchły (nominative plural)
pchły (genitive singular)
pcheł (genitive plural)
pchle (dative singular)
pchłom (dative plural)
pchłę (accusative singular)
pchły (accusative plural)
pchłą (instrumental singular)
pchłami (instrumental plural)
pchle (locative singular)
pchłach (locative plural)
pchło (singular vocative)
pchły (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish pchła, from Proto-Slavic *blъxa.


tyran

tyran (nominative singular)
tyrany (nominative plural)
tyrana (genitive singular)
tyranów (genitive plural)
tyranowi (dative singular)
tyranom (dative plural)
tyrana (accusative singular)
tyrany (accusative plural)
tyranem (instrumental singular)
tyranami (instrumental plural)
tyranie (locative singular)
tyranach (locative plural)
tyranie (singular vocative)
tyrany (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin tyrannus, from Ancient Greek τύραννος (túrannos). Doublet of tyrania and tyranozaur.


dorada

dorada (nominative singular)
dorady (nominative plural)
dorady (genitive singular)
dorad (genitive plural)
doradzie (dative singular)
doradom (dative plural)
doradę (accusative singular)
dorady (accusative plural)
doradą (instrumental singular)
doradami (instrumental plural)
doradzie (locative singular)
doradach (locative plural)
dorado (singular vocative)
dorady (plural vocative)


fenek

fenek (nominative singular)
fenki (nominative plural)
fenka (genitive singular)
fenków (genitive plural)
fenkowi (dative singular)
fenkom (dative plural)
fenka (accusative singular)
fenki (accusative plural)
fenkiem (instrumental singular)
fenkami (instrumental plural)
fenku (locative singular)
fenkach (locative plural)
fenku (singular vocative)
fenki (plural vocative)


sorgo

sorgo (nominative singular)
sorga (genitive singular)
sorgu (dative singular)
sorgo (accusative singular)
sorgiem (instrumental singular)
sorgu (locative singular)
sorgo (singular vocative)


porost

porost (nominative singular)
porosty (nominative plural)
porostu (genitive singular)
porostów (genitive plural)
porostowi (dative singular)
porostom (dative plural)
porost (accusative singular)
porosty (accusative plural)
porostem (instrumental singular)
porostami (instrumental plural)
poroście (locative singular)
porostach (locative plural)
poroście (singular vocative)
porosty (plural vocative)


tamandua

tamandua (nominative singular)
tamanduy (nominative plural)
tamandui (genitive singular)
tamanduy (genitive singular)
tamandui (genitive plural)
tamandui (dative singular)
tamanduom (dative plural)
tamanduę (accusative singular)
tamanduy (accusative plural)
tamanduą (instrumental singular)
tamanduami (instrumental plural)
tamandui (locative singular)
tamanduach (locative plural)
tamanduo (singular vocative)
tamanduy (plural vocative)


arnika

arnika (nominative singular)
arniki (nominative plural)
arniki (genitive singular)
arnik (genitive plural)
arnice (dative singular)
arnikom (dative plural)
arnikę (accusative singular)
arniki (accusative plural)
arniką (instrumental singular)
arnikami (instrumental plural)
arnice (locative singular)
arnikach (locative plural)
arniko (singular vocative)
arniki (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin arnica.

arnica (any of several plants, of the genus Arnica)


kurczak

pl-noun

kurczak m animal (diminutive kurczaczek)

kurczaczek (diminutive)
kurczak (nominative singular)
kurczaki (nominative plural)
kurczaka (genitive singular)
kurczaków (genitive plural)
kurczakowi (dative singular)
kurczakom (dative plural)
kurczaka (accusative singular)
kurczaki (accusative plural)
kurczakiem (instrumental singular)
kurczakami (instrumental plural)
kurczaku (locative singular)
kurczakach (locative plural)
kurczaku (singular vocative)
kurczaki (plural vocative)


cielę

cielątko (diminutive)
cielę (nominative singular)
cielęta (nominative plural)
cielęcia (genitive singular)
cieląt (genitive plural)
cielęciu (dative singular)
cielętom (dative plural)
cielę (accusative singular)
cielęta (accusative plural)
cielęciem (instrumental singular)
cielętami (instrumental plural)
cielęciu (locative singular)
cielętach (locative plural)
cielę (singular vocative)
cielęta (plural vocative)

/ˈt͡ɕɛ.lɛw̃/

young of certain other mammals (some cervids, cetaceans, pinnipeds, elephants, rhinos, giraffes, hippopotami, camels)


borsuk

borsuk m animal (female equivalent borsuczyca)

borsuczyca (feminine)
borsuk (nominative singular)
borsuki (nominative plural)
borsuka (genitive singular)
borsuków (genitive plural)
borsukowi (dative singular)
borsukom (dative plural)
borsuka (accusative singular)
borsuki (accusative plural)
borsukiem (instrumental singular)
borsukami (instrumental plural)
borsuku (locative singular)
borsukach (locative plural)
borsuku (singular vocative)
borsuki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ukrainian борсу́к (borsúk), from Ottoman Turkish بورصوق (borsuk), from Proto-Turkic *borsuk (“badger”).

bor+

badger, especially any species belonging to the genus Meles


bóbr

bóbr (nominative singular)
bobry (nominative plural)
bobra (genitive singular)
bobrów (genitive plural)
bobrowi (dative singular)
bobrom (dative plural)
bobra (accusative singular)
bobry (accusative plural)
bobrem (instrumental singular)
bobrami (instrumental plural)
bobrze (locative singular)
bobrach (locative plural)
bobrze (singular vocative)
bobry (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish bóbr, bobr, from Proto-Slavic *bobrъ, *bebrъ, *bьbrъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bébrus, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰébʰrus. Compare Bulgarian бо́бър (bóbǎr), Czech bobr, Russian бобр, бобёр (bobr, bobjór).

ogon bobra

samica bobra

samiec bobra

ślady bobra

chata bobra

tama bobra

działalność bobrów

hodowla bobrów

ochrona bobrów

rodzina bobrów

polować/upolować bobra

czujny bóbr

ostrożny jak bóbr

płakać jak bóbr

rozpłakać się jak bóbr

ryczeć jak bóbr

to cry (make a characteristic sound of) like a beaver


ryż

ryżowy (adjective)
ryż (nominative singular)
ryże (nominative plural)
ryżu (genitive singular)
ryżów (genitive plural)
ryżowi (dative singular)
ryżom (dative plural)
ryż (accusative singular)
ryże (accusative plural)
ryżem (instrumental singular)
ryżami (instrumental plural)
ryżu (locative singular)
ryżach (locative plural)
ryżu (singular vocative)
ryże (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: рыж (ryž)

→ Lithuanian: rỹžis

→ Ukrainian: риж (ryž)

(countable) rice (any plant of the genus Oryza sativa)


kogut

pl-noun

kogut m animal (diminutive kogucik or kogutek, augmentative kogucisko)

kogucik (diminutive)
kogutek (diminutive)
kogucisko (augmentative)
kogut (nominative singular)
koguty (nominative plural)
koguta (genitive singular)
kogutów (genitive plural)
kogutowi (dative singular)
kogutom (dative plural)
koguta (accusative singular)
koguty (accusative plural)
kogutem (instrumental singular)
kogutami (instrumental plural)
kogucie (locative singular)
kogutach (locative plural)
kogucie (singular vocative)
koguty (plural vocative)


kogut

kogut (nominative singular)
koguty (nominative plural)
kogutu (genitive singular)
kogutów (genitive plural)
kogutowi (dative singular)
kogutom (dative plural)
kogut (accusative singular)
koguty (accusative plural)
kogutem (instrumental singular)
kogutami (instrumental plural)
kogucie (locative singular)
kogutach (locative plural)
kogucie (singular vocative)
koguty (plural vocative)

(colloquial) emergency vehicle lighting, flashing light (emergency vehicle lighting)


niedźwiedź

niedźwiedź (nominative singular)
niedźwiedzie (nominative plural)
niedźwiedzia (genitive singular)
niedźwiedzi (genitive plural)
niedźwiedziowi (dative singular)
niedźwiedziom (dative plural)
niedźwiedzia (accusative singular)
niedźwiedzi (accusative plural)
niedźwiedziem (instrumental singular)
niedźwiedziami (instrumental plural)
niedźwiedziu (locative singular)
niedźwiedziach (locative plural)
niedźwiedziu (singular vocative)
niedźwiedzie (plural vocative)

/ˈɲɛ.d͡ʑvjɛt͡ɕ/

/ˈɲɛ.d͡ʑvjɛt͡ɕ/


brosma

brosma (nominative singular)
brosmy (nominative plural)
brosmy (genitive singular)
brosm (genitive plural)
brośmie (dative singular)
brosmom (dative plural)
brosmę (accusative singular)
brosmy (accusative plural)
brosmą (instrumental singular)
brosmami (instrumental plural)
brośmie (locative singular)
brosmach (locative plural)
brosmo (singular vocative)
brosmy (plural vocative)


kakadu

Borrowed from German Kakadu, from Dutch kaketoe, from Malay kakaktua.


pudel

pudelek (diminutive)
pudel (nominative singular)
pudle (nominative plural)
pudla (genitive singular)
pudli (genitive plural)
pudlów (genitive plural)
pudlowi (dative singular)
pudlom (dative plural)
pudla (accusative singular)
pudle (accusative plural)
pudlem (instrumental singular)
pudlami (instrumental plural)
pudlu (locative singular)
pudlach (locative plural)
pudlu (singular vocative)
pudle (plural vocative)

poodle (any of various breeds of poodle)


barrakuda

barrakuda (nominative singular)
barrakudy (nominative plural)
barrakudy (genitive singular)
barrakud (genitive plural)
barrakudzie (dative singular)
barrakudom (dative plural)
barrakudę (accusative singular)
barrakudy (accusative plural)
barrakudą (instrumental singular)
barrakudami (instrumental plural)
barrakudzie (locative singular)
barrakudach (locative plural)
barrakudo (singular vocative)
barrakudy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish barracuda. First attested in 1908.


aron

aron (nominative singular)
arony (nominative plural)
aronu (genitive singular)
aronów (genitive plural)
aronowi (dative singular)
aronom (dative plural)
aron (accusative singular)
arony (accusative plural)
aronem (instrumental singular)
aronami (instrumental plural)
aronie (locative singular)
aronach (locative plural)
aronie (singular vocative)
arony (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin arum, from Ancient Greek ἄρον (áron).

arum (a flower or plant in the genus Arum)


alrauna

alrauna (nominative singular)
alrauny (genitive singular)
alraunie (dative singular)
alraunę (accusative singular)
alrauną (instrumental singular)
alraunie (locative singular)
alrauno (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Alraune. First attested in 1874.

ref

Kłosy : czasopismo illustrowane, tygodniowe (in Polish), number t.18, nr 458, 1874, page 232

Coordinate term: mandragora


mandragora

mandragora (nominative singular)
mandragory (nominative plural)
mandragory (genitive singular)
mandragor (genitive plural)
mandragorze (dative singular)
mandragorom (dative plural)
mandragorę (accusative singular)
mandragory (accusative plural)
mandragorą (instrumental singular)
mandragorami (instrumental plural)
mandragorze (locative singular)
mandragorach (locative plural)
mandragoro (singular vocative)
mandragory (plural vocative)

Coordinate term: alrauna


ponor

ponor (nominative singular)
ponory (nominative plural)
ponora (genitive singular)
ponorów (genitive plural)
ponorowi (dative singular)
ponorom (dative plural)
ponora (accusative singular)
ponory (accusative plural)
ponorem (instrumental singular)
ponorami (instrumental plural)
ponorze (locative singular)
ponorach (locative plural)
ponorze (singular vocative)
ponory (plural vocative)


ponor

ponor (nominative singular)
ponory (nominative plural)
ponoru (genitive singular)
ponorów (genitive plural)
ponorowi (dative singular)
ponorom (dative plural)
ponor (accusative singular)
ponory (accusative plural)
ponorem (instrumental singular)
ponorami (instrumental plural)
ponorze (locative singular)
ponorach (locative plural)
ponorze (singular vocative)
ponory (plural vocative)

(geology) ponor (opening where surface water enters underground)


alka

alka (nominative singular)
alki (nominative plural)
alki (genitive singular)
alk (genitive plural)
alce (dative singular)
alkom (dative plural)
alkę (accusative singular)
alki (accusative plural)
alką (instrumental singular)
alkami (instrumental plural)
alce (locative singular)
alkach (locative plural)
alko (singular vocative)
alki (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin alca, from Old Norse alka, from Proto-Germanic *alkǭ. First attested in 1779.

Krzysztof Kluk (1779) Zwierząt domowych i dzikich osobliwie kraiowych historyi naturalney początki i gospodarstwo: A, 2 O ptastwie (in Polish), volume 2, page 68

auk, razorbill (any of several species of Arctic sea birds of the family Alcidae)


alpaka

alpakowy (adjective)
alpaka (nominative singular)
alpaki (nominative plural)
alpaki (genitive singular)
alpak (genitive plural)
alpace (dative singular)
alpakom (dative plural)
alpakę (accusative singular)
alpaki (accusative plural)
alpaką (instrumental singular)
alpakami (instrumental plural)
alpace (locative singular)
alpakach (locative plural)
alpako (singular vocative)
alpaki (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: alpaka

Borrowed from Spanish alpaca. First attested in 1838.

Johann Gottfried Herder (1838) Pomysły do filozofii dziejów rodzaju ludzkiego. T. 2 (in Polish), page 60

(countable) alpaca (garment made of such wool)


feniks

feniks (nominative singular)
feniksy (nominative plural)
feniksa (genitive singular)
feniksów (genitive plural)
feniksowi (dative singular)
feniksom (dative plural)
feniksa (accusative singular)
feniksy (accusative plural)
feniksem (instrumental singular)
feniksami (instrumental plural)
feniksie (locative singular)
feniksach (locative plural)
feniksie (singular vocative)
feniksy (plural vocative)

(Greek mythology) phoenix (mythological bird, said to be the only one of its kind, which lives for 500 years and then dies by burning to ashes on a pyre of its own making, ignited by the sun; it then arises anew from the ashes)

Phoenix (German breed of long-tailed chicken)

date palm (any tree of the genus Phoenix)


parapodium

parapodium (nominative singular)
parapodia (nominative plural)
parapodium (genitive singular)
parapodiów (genitive plural)
parapodium (dative singular)
parapodiom (dative plural)
parapodium (accusative singular)
parapodia (accusative plural)
parapodium (instrumental singular)
parapodiami (instrumental plural)
parapodium (locative singular)
parapodiach (locative plural)
parapodium (singular vocative)
parapodia (plural vocative)

(annelid anatomy) parapodium (any of the paired unjointed lateral outgrowths used for locomotion by worms such as annelids)


brukselka

brukselka (nominative singular)
brukselki (nominative plural)
brukselki (genitive singular)
brukselek (genitive plural)
brukselce (dative singular)
brukselkom (dative plural)
brukselkę (accusative singular)
brukselki (accusative plural)
brukselką (instrumental singular)
brukselkami (instrumental plural)
brukselce (locative singular)
brukselkach (locative plural)
brukselko (singular vocative)
brukselki (plural vocative)


ziemniak

pl-noun

ziemniak m animal (diminutive ziemniaczek)

ziemniaczek (diminutive)
ziemniak (nominative singular)
ziemniaki (nominative plural)
ziemniaka (genitive singular)
ziemniaków (genitive plural)
ziemniakowi (dative singular)
ziemniakom (dative plural)
ziemniaka (accusative singular)
ziemniaki (accusative plural)
ziemniakiem (instrumental singular)
ziemniakami (instrumental plural)
ziemniaku (locative singular)
ziemniakach (locative plural)
ziemniaku (singular vocative)
ziemniaki (plural vocative)

From ziemny (“pertaining to soil, earth”) + -ak. Compare Slovak zemiak, French pomme de terre (literally “apple of the earth”).


cukinia

cukinia (nominative singular)
cukinie (nominative plural)
cukinii (genitive singular)
cukinii (genitive plural)
cukinij (archaic genitive plural)
cukinii (dative singular)
cukiniom (dative plural)
cukinię (accusative singular)
cukinie (accusative plural)
cukinią (instrumental singular)
cukiniami (instrumental plural)
cukinii (locative singular)
cukiniach (locative plural)
cukinio (singular vocative)
cukinie (plural vocative)


papryka

papryczka (diminutive)
papryka (nominative singular)
papryki (nominative plural)
papryki (genitive singular)
papryk (genitive plural)
papryce (dative singular)
paprykom (dative plural)
paprykę (accusative singular)
papryki (accusative plural)
papryką (instrumental singular)
paprykami (instrumental plural)
papryce (locative singular)
paprykach (locative plural)
papryko (singular vocative)
papryki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika.


brokuł

brokuł (nominative singular)
brokuły (nominative plural)
brokułu (genitive singular)
brokułów (genitive plural)
brokułowi (dative singular)
brokułom (dative plural)
brokuł (accusative singular)
brokuły (accusative plural)
brokułem (instrumental singular)
brokułami (instrumental plural)
brokule (locative singular)
brokułach (locative plural)
brokule (singular vocative)
brokuły (plural vocative)


kalafior

pl-noun

kalafior m animal or m inan (diminutive kalafiorek, related adjective kalafiorowy)

kalafior m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
kalafiorek (diminutive)
kalafiorowy (adjective)
kalafior (nominative singular)
kalafiory (nominative plural)
kalafiora (genitive singular)
kalafiorów (genitive plural)
kalafiorowi (dative singular)
kalafiorom (dative plural)
kalafior (accusative singular)
kalafiora (accusative singular)
kalafiory (accusative plural)
kalafiorem (instrumental singular)
kalafiorami (instrumental plural)
kalafiorze (locative singular)
kalafiorach (locative plural)
kalafiorze (singular vocative)
kalafiory (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: קאַליפֿיאָר (kalifyor)

From dialectal Italian caulofiore. Compare Italian cavolfiore.

cauliflower (annual variety of cabbage, of which the cluster of young flower stalks and buds is eaten as a vegetable)


czosnek

czosnek (nominative singular)
czosnki (nominative plural)
czosnku (genitive singular)
czosnków (genitive plural)
czosnkowi (dative singular)
czosnkom (dative plural)
czosnek (accusative singular)
czosnki (accusative plural)
czosnkiem (instrumental singular)
czosnkami (instrumental plural)
czosnku (locative singular)
czosnkach (locative plural)
czosnku (singular vocative)
czosnki (plural vocative)


rzeżucha

rzeżuszka (diminutive)
rzeżucha (nominative singular)
rzeżuchy (nominative plural)
rzeżuchy (genitive singular)
rzeżuch (genitive plural)
rzeżusze (dative singular)
rzeżuchom (dative plural)
rzeżuchę (accusative singular)
rzeżuchy (accusative plural)
rzeżuchą (instrumental singular)
rzeżuchami (instrumental plural)
rzeżusze (locative singular)
rzeżuchach (locative plural)
rzeżucho (singular vocative)
rzeżuchy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish rzeżucha, rzeżycha, rzerucha, rzerzucha, żerucha, żerzucha, from Proto-Slavic *žeřuxa.

inh+

Lepidium sativum
Lepidium sativum#Translingual

bittercress (any plant of the genus Cardamine)


rzodkiew

rzodkiew (nominative singular)
rzodkwie (nominative plural)
rzodkwi (genitive singular)
rzodkwi (genitive plural)
rzodkwi (dative singular)
rzodkwiom (dative plural)
rzodkiew (accusative singular)
rzodkwie (accusative plural)
rzodkwią (instrumental singular)
rzodkwiami (instrumental plural)
rzodkwi (locative singular)
rzodkwiach (locative plural)
rzodkwi (singular vocative)
rzodkwie (plural vocative)

radish (any plant of the genus Raphanus)


dynia

pl-noun

dynia f (diminutive dyńka, related adjective dyniowy)

dyńka (diminutive)
dyniowy (adjective)
dynia (nominative singular)
dynie (nominative plural)
dyni (genitive singular)
dyń (genitive plural)
dyni (dative singular)
dyniom (dative plural)
dynię (accusative singular)
dynie (accusative plural)
dynią (instrumental singular)
dyniami (instrumental plural)
dyni (locative singular)
dyniach (locative plural)
dynio (singular vocative)
dynie (plural vocative)

pumpkin, gourd, squash (any plant of the genus Cucurbita)

pumpkin, gourd, squash (fruit of this plant)

(colloquial, humorous, prison slang, school slang) head, noggin (part of the body of an animal or human which contains the brain, mouth and main sense organs)


rzepa

rzepka (diminutive)
rzepa (nominative singular)
rzepy (nominative plural)
rzepy (genitive singular)
rzep (genitive plural)
rzepie (dative singular)
rzepom (dative plural)
rzepę (accusative singular)
rzepy (accusative plural)
rzepą (instrumental singular)
rzepami (instrumental plural)
rzepie (locative singular)
rzepach (locative plural)
rzepo (singular vocative)
rzepy (plural vocative)

Brassica rapa var. rapa
Brassica rapa var. rapa#Translingual

turnip (white root of Brassica rapa var. rapa)


seler

seler (nominative singular)
selery (nominative plural)
selera (genitive singular)
selerów (genitive plural)
selerowi (dative singular)
selerom (dative plural)
seler (accusative singular)
selery (accusative plural)
selerem (instrumental singular)
selerami (instrumental plural)
selerze (locative singular)
selerach (locative plural)
selerze (singular vocative)
selery (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian sellero, from Latin selīnum, from Ancient Greek σέλῑνον (sélīnon).


szpinak

szpinaczek (diminutive)
szpinak (nominative singular)
szpinaku (genitive singular)
szpinakowi (dative singular)
szpinak (accusative singular)
szpinakiem (instrumental singular)
szpinaku (locative singular)
szpinaku (singular vocative)

Perhaps borrowed from Czech špinák, from Medieval Latin spinachium, spinacia, from Arabic إِسْفَانَاخ (ʔisfānāḵ), from Persian اسپناخ (espanâx).

der

Arabic إِسْفَانَاخ (ʔisfānāḵ)

spinach (any plant of the genus Spinacia)


ojciec

pl-noun

ojciec m pers (diminutive ojczulek, augmentative ojczysko, abbreviation o. or oo.)

ojczulek (diminutive)
ojczysko (augmentative)
o. (abbreviation)
oo. (abbreviation)
ojciec (nominative singular)
ojcowie (nominative plural)
ojce (derogatory nominative plural)
ojca (genitive singular)
ojców (genitive plural)
ojcu (dative singular)
ojcom (dative plural)
ojca (accusative singular)
ojców (accusative plural)
ojcem (instrumental singular)
ojcami (instrumental plural)
ojcu (locative singular)
ojcach (locative plural)
ojcze (singular vocative)
ojcowie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish ociec (genitive oćca > Polish ojca) The additional j in the nominative is by analogy with the oblique stem.

sukces ma wielu ojców, a porażka jest sierotą


sałata

sałata f (diminutive sałatka, related adjective sałatowy)

sałatka (diminutive)
sałatowy (adjective)
sałata (nominative singular)
sałaty (nominative plural)
sałaty (genitive singular)
sałat (genitive plural)
sałacie (dative singular)
sałatom (dative plural)
sałatę (accusative singular)
sałaty (accusative plural)
sałatą (instrumental singular)
sałatami (instrumental plural)
sałacie (locative singular)
sałatach (locative plural)
sałato (singular vocative)
sałaty (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English salad, French salade, German Salat, ultimately from Italian insalata.

(chiefly in the singular) lettuce (any plant of the genus Lactuca)

(chiefly in the singular) lettuce (leaves of this plant)

(chiefly in the singular, colloquial) money (hard cash in the form of banknotes and coins)

(derogatory, slang) cabdriver, cabman, flyman, hackie (person who drives a carriage for a living)


burak

burak m inan or m animal (diminutive buraczek)

burak m inan or (animal-not-person canonical masculine)
buraczek (diminutive)
burak (nominative singular)
buraki (nominative plural)
buraka (genitive singular)
buraków (genitive plural)
burakowi (dative singular)
burakom (dative plural)
burak (accusative singular)
buraka (accusative singular)
buraki (accusative plural)
burakiem (instrumental singular)
burakami (instrumental plural)
buraku (locative singular)
burakach (locative plural)
buraku (singular vocative)
buraki (plural vocative)

From earlier borak, from Medieval Latin borrāgō, from Arabic أَبُو الْعَرَق (ʔabū l-ʕaraq).

der

أَبُو الْعَرَق

Arabic أَبُو الْعَرَق (ʔabū l-ʕaraq)

(colloquial) fruit wine of an inferior brand


pomidor

pl-noun

pomidor m inan or m animal (diminutive pomidorek, related adjective pomidorowy)

pomidor m inan or (animal-not-person canonical masculine)
pomidorek (diminutive)
pomidorowy (adjective)
pomidor (nominative singular)
pomidory (nominative plural)
pomidora (genitive singular)
pomidorów (genitive plural)
pomidorowi (dative singular)
pomidorom (dative plural)
pomidor (accusative singular)
pomidora (accusative singular)
pomidory (accusative plural)
pomidorem (instrumental singular)
pomidorami (instrumental plural)
pomidorze (locative singular)
pomidorach (locative plural)
pomidorze (singular vocative)
pomidory (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian pomidori, popular plural of pomodoro.


okrężnica

okrężnica (nominative singular)
okrężnice (nominative plural)
okrężnicy (genitive singular)
okrężnic (genitive plural)
okrężnicy (dative singular)
okrężnicom (dative plural)
okrężnicę (accusative singular)
okrężnice (accusative plural)
okrężnicą (instrumental singular)
okrężnicami (instrumental plural)
okrężnicy (locative singular)
okrężnicach (locative plural)
okrężnico (singular vocative)
okrężnice (plural vocative)

featherfoil (either member of the genus Hottonia)


kotek

koteczek (diminutive)
kotek (nominative singular)
kotki (nominative plural)
kotka (genitive singular)
kotków (genitive plural)
kotkowi (dative singular)
kotkom (dative plural)
kotka (accusative singular)
kotki (accusative plural)
kotkiem (instrumental singular)
kotkami (instrumental plural)
kotku (locative singular)
kotkach (locative plural)
kotku (singular vocative)
kotki (plural vocative)


słonica

słoniczka (diminutive)
słonica (nominative singular)
słonice (nominative plural)
słonicy (genitive singular)
słonic (genitive plural)
słonicy (dative singular)
słonicom (dative plural)
słonicę (accusative singular)
słonice (accusative plural)
słonicą (instrumental singular)
słonicami (instrumental plural)
słonicy (locative singular)
słonicach (locative plural)
słonico (singular vocative)
słonice (plural vocative)


kocur

kocur m animal (female equivalent kocica, diminutive kocurek)

kocica (feminine)
kocurek (diminutive)
kocur (nominative singular)
kocury (nominative plural)
kocura (genitive singular)
kocurów (genitive plural)
kocurowi (dative singular)
kocurom (dative plural)
kocura (accusative singular)
kocury (accusative plural)
kocurem (instrumental singular)
kocurami (instrumental plural)
kocurze (locative singular)
kocurach (locative plural)
kocurze (singular vocative)
kocury (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *koťerъ (“tomcat”), from *kotъ (“cat”).


indyk

pl-noun

indyk m animal (female equivalent indyczka, diminutive indyczek, related adjective indyczy)

indyczka (feminine)
indyczek (diminutive)
indyczy (adjective)
indyk (nominative singular)
indyki (nominative plural)
indyka (genitive singular)
indyków (genitive plural)
indykowi (dative singular)
indykom (dative plural)
indyka (accusative singular)
indyki (accusative plural)
indykiem (instrumental singular)
indykami (instrumental plural)
indyku (locative singular)
indykach (locative plural)
indyku (singular vocative)
indyki (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin indicus. Compare Russian индю́к (indjúk), Vilamovian indyk, and Yiddish אינדיק (indik).

turkey (any bird of the genus Meleagris)


liczydło

liczydło n (diminutive liczydełko, related adjective liczydłowy)

liczydełko (diminutive)
liczydłowy (adjective)
liczydło (nominative singular)
liczydła (nominative plural)
liczydła (genitive singular)
liczydeł (genitive plural)
liczydłu (dative singular)
liczydłom (dative plural)
liczydło (accusative singular)
liczydła (accusative plural)
liczydłem (instrumental singular)
liczydłami (instrumental plural)
liczydle (locative singular)
liczydłach (locative plural)
liczydło (singular vocative)
liczydła (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ličьdlo. By surface analysis, liczyć + -dło.

(arithmetic) counting frame (device composed of a frame and movable knobs placed on rods, used to perform simple arithmetic operations)


drzewo pomarańczowe

drzewo pomarańczowe (nominative singular)
drzewa pomarańczowe (nominative plural)
drzewa pomarańczowego (genitive singular)
drzew pomarańczowych (genitive plural)
drzewu pomarańczowemu (dative singular)
drzewom pomarańczowym (dative plural)
drzewo pomarańczowe (accusative singular)
drzewa pomarańczowe (accusative plural)
drzewem pomarańczowym (instrumental singular)
drzewami pomarańczowymi (instrumental plural)
drzewie pomarańczowym (locative singular)
drzewach pomarańczowych (locative plural)
drzewo pomarańczowe (singular vocative)
drzewa pomarańczowe (plural vocative)


pomarańcza

pomarańczka (diminutive)
pomarańcza (nominative singular)
pomarańcze (nominative plural)
pomarańczy (genitive singular)
pomarańczy (genitive plural)
pomarańczy (dative singular)
pomarańczom (dative plural)
pomarańczę (accusative singular)
pomarańcze (accusative plural)
pomarańczą (instrumental singular)
pomarańczami (instrumental plural)
pomarańczy (locative singular)
pomarańczach (locative plural)
pomarańczo (singular vocative)
pomarańcze (plural vocative)

→? Yiddish: פּאָמעראַנץ (pomerants)

Borrowed from Italian pomarancia, from Arabic نَارَنْج (nāranj), from Persian نارنگ (nârang), from Sanskrit नारङ्ग (nāraṅga), from Dravidian. Doublet of oranż.


dorsz

dorszyk (diminutive)
dorsz (nominative singular)
dorsze (nominative plural)
dorsza (genitive singular)
dorszów (genitive plural)
dorszy (genitive plural)
dorszowi (dative singular)
dorszom (dative plural)
dorsza (accusative singular)
dorsze (accusative plural)
dorszem (instrumental singular)
dorszami (instrumental plural)
dorszu (locative singular)
dorszach (locative plural)
dorszu (singular vocative)
dorsze (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Dorsch, from Middle High German dorsch, from Middle Low German dorsch, from Old Norse þorskr, from Proto-Germanic *þurskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- + *-ḱos.

cod (any marine fish of the family Gadidae)


człowiek

człowiek m pers (female equivalent (obsolete) człowieczyca, diminutive człowieczek, augmentative człowieczyna or człowieczysko)

człowieczyca (feminine obsolete)
człowieczek (diminutive)
człowieczyna (augmentative)
człowieczysko (augmentative)
człowiek (nominative singular)
ludzie (nominative plural)
człowieka (genitive singular)
ludzi (genitive plural)
człowiekowi (dative singular)
ludziom (dative plural)
człowieka (accusative singular)
ludzi (accusative plural)
człowiekiem (instrumental singular)
ludźmi (instrumental plural)
człowieku (locative singular)
ludziach (locative plural)
człowiecze (singular vocative)
człowieku (singular vocative)
ludzie (plural vocative)

gdy się człowiek spieszy, to się diabeł cieszy

góra z górą się nie zejdzie, a człowiek z człowiekiem zawsze

przyzwyczajenie jest drugą naturą człowieka

(colloquial) used to refer to oneself instead of ja


lola

(Chełmno-Dobrzyń, Far Masovian) Synonym of krowa

(Chełmno-Dobrzyń, derogatory) Synonym of klępa (“woman”)


centuria

centuria (nominative singular)
centurie (nominative plural)
centurii (genitive singular)
centurii (genitive plural)
centuryj (archaic genitive plural)
centurii (dative singular)
centuriom (dative plural)
centurię (accusative singular)
centurie (accusative plural)
centurią (instrumental singular)
centuriami (instrumental plural)
centurii (locative singular)
centuriach (locative plural)
centurio (singular vocative)
centurie (plural vocative)

centaury (any herb of the genus Centaurium)


roślina

roślina f (diminutive roślinka, related adjective roślinny)

roślinka (diminutive)
roślinny (adjective)
roślina (nominative singular)
rośliny (nominative plural)
rośliny (genitive singular)
roślin (genitive plural)
roślinie (dative singular)
roślinom (dative plural)
roślinę (accusative singular)
rośliny (accusative plural)
rośliną (instrumental singular)
roślinami (instrumental plural)
roślinie (locative singular)
roślinach (locative plural)
roślino (singular vocative)
rośliny (plural vocative)

From rosły + -ina, from róść. First attested in 1725. Compare Belarusian раслі́на (raslína), Kashubian roscëna, Silesian roślina, Slovincian rôslëna, and Ukrainian росли́на (roslýna).

ref

COMPENDIUM MEDICUM AUCTUM To iest, KROTKIE ZEBRANIE y opisanie Chorob, Ich roznośći, przyczyn, znákow, sposdbow do leczenia, Tákze roznych sposobow robienia wodek, oleykow, Iulepow, Syropow, Konfitur , Masci, Plastrow, [et]c., y roznych osoblitych rzeczy. Na SIEDM TRAKTATOW ROZDZIELONE. Y teraz swiezo przez tegoz Authora z errorow Typograficznych expurgowane. Z przydatkiem osobliwych Chorob, tak meskich, iako y Bialoglowskich, y Dziecinnych. Dla wiekszey wygody ludzkiey PRZEDRUKOWANE (in Polish), W DRUKARNI Jasney Gory Czestochowskiey, 1725, page 16

plant (organism that is not an animal, especially an organism capable of photosynthesis)


mysz

myszka (diminutive)
mysz (nominative singular)
myszy (nominative plural)
myszy (genitive singular)
myszy (genitive plural)
myszy (dative singular)
myszom (dative plural)
mysz (accusative singular)
myszy (accusative plural)
myszą (instrumental singular)
myszami (instrumental plural)
myszy (locative singular)
myszach (locative plural)
myszy (singular vocative)
myszy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mỳšь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *mū́ˀšis, from Proto-Indo-European *múh₂s. Sense 2 is a semantic loan from English mouse.

sl

(computer hardware) mouse (computer input device)


fabryka

pl-noun

fabryka f (diminutive fabryczka, related adjective fabryczny)

fabryczka (diminutive)
fabryczny (adjective)
fabryka (nominative singular)
fabryki (nominative plural)
fabryki (genitive singular)
fabryk (genitive plural)
fabryce (dative singular)
fabrykom (dative plural)
fabrykę (accusative singular)
fabryki (accusative plural)
fabryką (instrumental singular)
fabrykami (instrumental plural)
fabryce (locative singular)
fabrykach (locative plural)
fabryko (singular vocative)
fabryki (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: фа́брыка (fábryka)

→ Kashubian: fabrika, fabrëka

→ Ukrainian: фа́брика (fábryka)

Learned borrowing from Latin fabrica. First attested in 1564. Compare Silesian fabryka.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “fabryka”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(Middle Polish) skill, art; effort; workload


karaluch

pl-noun

karaluch m animal (diminutive karaluszek)

karaluszek (diminutive)
karaluch (nominative singular)
karaluchy (nominative plural)
karalucha (genitive singular)
karaluchów (genitive plural)
karaluchowi (dative singular)
karaluchom (dative plural)
karalucha (accusative singular)
karaluchy (accusative plural)
karaluchem (instrumental singular)
karaluchami (instrumental plural)
karaluchu (locative singular)
karaluchach (locative plural)
karaluchu (singular vocative)
karaluchy (plural vocative)


myszka

myszka (nominative singular)
myszki (nominative plural)
myszki (genitive singular)
myszek (genitive plural)
myszce (dative singular)
myszkom (dative plural)
myszkę (accusative singular)
myszki (accusative plural)
myszką (instrumental singular)
myszkami (instrumental plural)
myszce (locative singular)
myszkach (locative plural)
myszko (singular vocative)
myszki (plural vocative)

From mysz + -ka. Sense 2 is a semantic loan from English mouse.

(computer hardware) mouse (computing: input device)


zwierzę

zwierzę n (diminutive zwierzątko, related adjective zwierzęcy)

zwierzątko (diminutive)
zwierzęcy (adjective)
zwierzę (nominative singular)
zwierzęta (nominative plural)
zwierzęcia (genitive singular)
zwierząt (genitive plural)
zwierzęciu (dative singular)
zwierzętom (dative plural)
zwierzę (accusative singular)
zwierzęta (accusative plural)
zwierzęciem (instrumental singular)
zwierzętami (instrumental plural)
zwierzęciu (locative singular)
zwierzętach (locative plural)
zwierzę (singular vocative)
zwierzęta (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish źwierzę. By surface analysis, zwierz + -ę.

(biology) animal (eukaryote of the clade Animalia; a multicellular organism that is usually mobile, whose cells are not encased in a rigid cell wall (distinguishing it from plants and fungi) and which derives energy solely from the consumption of other organisms (distinguishing it from plants))

(colloquial) beast (person who has a set of characteristics that make him or her function well in a particular environment)

(colloquial, derogatory) animal (person who behaves wildly)


konik

konik (nominative singular)
koniki (nominative plural)
konika (genitive singular)
koników (genitive plural)
konikowi (dative singular)
konikom (dative plural)
konika (accusative singular)
koniki (accusative plural)
konikiem (instrumental singular)
konikami (instrumental plural)
koniku (locative singular)
konikach (locative plural)
koniku (singular vocative)
koniki (plural vocative)

sea horse (fish of the genus Hippocampus)


konik

konik (nominative singular)
koniki (nominative plural)
koniku (genitive singular)
koników (genitive plural)
konikowi (dative singular)
konikom (dative plural)
konik (accusative singular)
koniki (accusative plural)
konikiem (instrumental singular)
konikami (instrumental plural)
koniku (locative singular)
konikach (locative plural)
koniku (singular vocative)
koniki (plural vocative)

Lubiłem śpiewać, umiałem śpiewać, umiałem tańczyć, a Teatr na Targówku to był teatr muzyczny i w sumie to bardzo mi odpowiadało. Miał ambicje wystawiania musicali, a to był mój konik.

2011, Artur Barciś, Marzanna Graff, Rozmowy bez retuszu, Wydawnictwo M, →ISBN, page 72:

I liked to sing, I knew how to sing, I knew how to dance, and the Targówek Theater was a musical theater, and all in all, I was very happy with it. He had ambitions to put on musicals, and it was my specialty.

Czerwiński nigdy nie miał żadnych rezerw finansowych. Wszystkie nadwyżki inwestował tylko i wyłącznie w rozwój nowych produktów. Badania naukowe to był jego konik, na nie wydawał wszystkie pieniądze.

2012, Rafał Szczepanik, 7 śmiertelnych błędów szefa. Wydanie III rozszerzone, →ISBN:

Czerwiński never had any financial reserves. He invested anything extra exclusive in the development of new products. Scientific research was his passion, he spent all of his money on it.

Tego Leppieja?! – Kremser podniósł głos. – Tego samego, ministra rolnictwa. Pamiętasz aferę gruntową, która wysadziła go z siodła? – Polityka to nie mój konik, ale o tej sprawie to chyba wszyscy słyszeli – mówił już ciszej.

2014, Krzysztof Koziołek, Bóg nie weźmie w tym udziału, Manufaktura Tekstów, →ISBN, page 126:

"That Leppiej?!" Kremser raised his voice. "The very same, the minister of agriculture. Do you remember the territorial dispute that kicked him out?" "Politics is not my thing, but I think everyone has already heard about this," he said more quitely.

(colloquial) hobby horse; hobby, passion (activity to which one devotes a lot of time and resources and can talk much about)


konik

konik (nominative singular)
koniki (nominative plural)
konika (genitive singular)
koników (genitive plural)
konikowi (dative singular)
konikom (dative plural)
konika (accusative singular)
koników (accusative plural)
konikiem (instrumental singular)
konikami (instrumental plural)
koniku (locative singular)
konikach (locative plural)
koniku (singular vocative)
koniki (plural vocative)

(colloquial) scalper, ticket tout (person that sells tickets unofficially just before the event, often at inflated prices)


drewno

drewno (nominative singular)
drewna (nominative plural)
drewna (genitive singular)
drewien (genitive plural)
drewnu (dative singular)
drewnom (dative plural)
drewno (accusative singular)
drewna (accusative plural)
drewnem (instrumental singular)
drewnami (instrumental plural)
drewnie (locative singular)
drewnach (locative plural)
drewno (singular vocative)
drewna (plural vocative)

(singular only) wood (substance, timber)

(colloquial, derogatory) someone very poor at dancing, acting, etc.


róża

róża f (diminutive różyczka, related adjective różany)

różyczka (diminutive)
różany (adjective)
róża (nominative singular)
róże (nominative plural)
róży (genitive singular)
róż (genitive plural)
róży (dative singular)
różom (dative plural)
różę (accusative singular)
róże (accusative plural)
różą (instrumental singular)
różami (instrumental plural)
róży (locative singular)
różach (locative plural)
różo (singular vocative)
róże (plural vocative)


wujek

wujek (nominative singular)
wujki (nominative plural)
wujka (genitive singular)
wujków (genitive plural)
wujkowi (dative singular)
wujkom (dative plural)
wujka (accusative singular)
wujki (accusative plural)
wujkiem (instrumental singular)
wujkami (instrumental plural)
wujku (locative singular)
wujkach (locative plural)
wujku (singular vocative)
wujki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish ujek, from Proto-Slavic *ujьkъ. By surface analysis, wuj + -ek. Cognates include Silesian ujek.

any dance fly belonging to the genus Empis


komar

komar (nominative singular)
komary (nominative plural)
komara (genitive singular)
komarów (genitive plural)
komarowi (dative singular)
komarom (dative plural)
komara (accusative singular)
komary (accusative plural)
komarem (instrumental singular)
komarami (instrumental plural)
komarze (locative singular)
komarach (locative plural)
komarze (singular vocative)
komary (plural vocative)


uzda

uzdeczka (diminutive)
uzda (nominative singular)
uzdy (nominative plural)
uzdy (genitive singular)
uzd (genitive plural)
uździe (dative singular)
uzdom (dative plural)
uzdę (accusative singular)
uzdy (accusative plural)
uzdą (instrumental singular)
uzdami (instrumental plural)
uździe (locative singular)
uzdach (locative plural)
uzdo (singular vocative)
uzdy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish uzda, from Proto-Slavic *uzda.

bridle (headgear with which a horse is directed)


iglica

igliczka (diminutive)
iglica (nominative singular)
iglice (nominative plural)
iglicy (genitive singular)
iglic (genitive plural)
iglicy (dative singular)
iglicom (dative plural)
iglicę (accusative singular)
iglice (accusative plural)
iglicą (instrumental singular)
iglicami (instrumental plural)
iglicy (locative singular)
iglicach (locative plural)
iglico (singular vocative)
iglice (plural vocative)

Erodium cicutarium
Erodium cicutarium#Translingual

any plant of the genus Erodium, particularly the redstem filaree (Erodium cicutarium)


stonoga

stonoga (nominative singular)
stonogi (nominative plural)
stonogi (genitive singular)
stonóg (genitive plural)
stonodze (dative singular)
stonogom (dative plural)
stonogę (accusative singular)
stonogi (accusative plural)
stonogą (instrumental singular)
stonogami (instrumental plural)
stonodze (locative singular)
stonogach (locative plural)
stonogo (singular vocative)
stonogi (plural vocative)

woodlouse belonging to the genus Oniscus


tulipan

tulipan (nominative singular)
tulipany (nominative plural)
tulipana (genitive singular)
tulipanów (genitive plural)
tulipanowi (dative singular)
tulipanom (dative plural)
tulipana (accusative singular)
tulipany (accusative plural)
tulipanem (instrumental singular)
tulipanami (instrumental plural)
tulipanie (locative singular)
tulipanach (locative plural)
tulipanie (singular vocative)
tulipany (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian tulipano, from Ottoman Turkish دلبند (tülbent), from Persian دلبند (dolband). Doublet of turban.


aronia

aronia (nominative singular)
aronie (nominative plural)
aronii (genitive singular)
aronii (genitive plural)
aronij (archaic genitive plural)
aronii (dative singular)
aroniom (dative plural)
aronię (accusative singular)
aronie (accusative plural)
aronią (instrumental singular)
aroniami (instrumental plural)
aronii (locative singular)
aroniach (locative plural)
aronio (singular vocative)
aronie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin aronia.


łoś

łoś m animal (female equivalent łosica, diminutive łosiek)

łosica (feminine)
łosiek (diminutive)
łoś (nominative singular)
łosie (nominative plural)
łosia (genitive singular)
łosi (genitive plural)
łosiowi (dative singular)
łosiom (dative plural)
łosia (accusative singular)
łosie (accusative plural)
łosiem (instrumental singular)
łosiami (instrumental plural)
łosiu (locative singular)
łosiach (locative plural)
łosiu (singular vocative)
łosie (plural vocative)

(colloquial) male moose, male Eurasian elk


proso

proso (nominative singular)
prosa (nominative plural)
prosa (genitive singular)
pros (genitive plural)
prosu (dative singular)
prosom (dative plural)
proso (accusative singular)
prosa (accusative plural)
prosem (instrumental singular)
prosami (instrumental plural)
prosie (locative singular)
prosach (locative plural)
proso (singular vocative)
prosa (plural vocative)

panicgrass, panicum, millet (any grass of the genus Panicum or its grains), especially:

Panicum miliaceum
Panicum miliaceum#Translingual


wrona

wronka (diminutive)
wrona (nominative singular)
wrony (nominative plural)
wrony (genitive singular)
wron (genitive plural)
wronie (dative singular)
wronom (dative plural)
wronę (accusative singular)
wrony (accusative plural)
wroną (instrumental singular)
wronami (instrumental plural)
wronie (locative singular)
wronach (locative plural)
wrono (singular vocative)
wrony (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish wrona, from Proto-Slavic *vorna.

Corvus cornix
Corvus cornix#Translingual

kiedy wejdziesz między wrony, musisz krakać jak i one


pasożyt

pasożyt (nominative singular)
pasożyty (nominative plural)
pasożyta (genitive singular)
pasożytów (genitive plural)
pasożytowi (dative singular)
pasożytom (dative plural)
pasożyta (accusative singular)
pasożyty (accusative plural)
pasożytem (instrumental singular)
pasożytami (instrumental plural)
pasożycie (locative singular)
pasożytach (locative plural)
pasożycie (singular vocative)
pasożyty (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish pasirzyt. By surface analysis, paść (“to graze”) + -o- + rzyć (“butt”), literally “butt grazer”. Compare Latin parasitus.

surf

– Czy podziela pan, doktorze Manson, opinię naszego francuskiego kolegi, doktora Alfonsa Laverana, który jest zdania, że to jakiś pasożyt wywołuje malarię? – zapytał major Ross.

1970, Lucjan Wolanowski, Upał i gorączka, Muza:

"Will you share with us, doctor Manson, our French collegue's opinion, doctor Alfons Laveran, who is of the opinion it is some parasite that is causing malaria?" Major Ross asked.

-Nasz pacjent twierdzi, że jest sprawcą morderstw popełnianych na mężczyznach w Breslau. Wnika w ciała młodych kobiet, które pod jego wpływem dopuszczają się tych przerażających okropności. Kosmiczny pasożyt.

"Our patient claims that he is the culprit of the murders committed on the men in Breslau. It gets inside the bodies of young women, who, under his influence, allow themselves to be affected by these terrifying atrocities. A cosmic parasite.


mops

pl-noun

mops m animal (female equivalent mopsica, diminutive mopsik)

mopsica (feminine)
mopsik (diminutive)
mops (nominative singular)
mopsy (nominative plural)
mopsa (genitive singular)
mopsów (genitive plural)
mopsowi (dative singular)
mopsom (dative plural)
mopsa (accusative singular)
mopsy (accusative plural)
mopsem (instrumental singular)
mopsami (instrumental plural)
mopsie (locative singular)
mopsach (locative plural)
mopsie (singular vocative)
mopsy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Mops, from Dutch mops.


rząd

rządowy (diminutive)
rząd (nominative singular)
rządy (nominative plural)
rządu (genitive singular)
rządów (genitive plural)
rządowi (dative singular)
rządom (dative plural)
rząd (accusative singular)
rządy (accusative plural)
rządem (instrumental singular)
rządami (instrumental plural)
rządzie (locative singular)
rządach (locative plural)
rządzie (singular vocative)
rządy (plural vocative)

Deverbal from rządzić. First attested in the 16th century.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “rząd”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(obsolete) order (state of being organized)


śliwka

śliweczka (diminutive)
śliwka (nominative singular)
śliwki (nominative plural)
śliwki (genitive singular)
śliwek (genitive plural)
śliwce (dative singular)
śliwkom (dative plural)
śliwkę (accusative singular)
śliwki (accusative plural)
śliwką (instrumental singular)
śliwkami (instrumental plural)
śliwce (locative singular)
śliwkach (locative plural)
śliwko (singular vocative)
śliwki (plural vocative)


owoc

pl-noun

owoc m inan (diminutive owocek, related adjective owocowy)

owocek (diminutive)
owocowy (adjective)
owoc (nominative singular)
owoce (nominative plural)
owocu (genitive singular)
owoców (genitive plural)
owocowi (dative singular)
owocom (dative plural)
owoc (accusative singular)
owoce (accusative plural)
owocem (instrumental singular)
owocami (instrumental plural)
owocu (locative singular)
owocach (locative plural)
owocu (singular vocative)
owoce (plural vocative)

Back-formation from owoce, from Proto-Slavic *ovoťe. Compare liść.

(figurative) fruit (positive end result or reward of labor or effort)


cytryna

cytrynka (diminutive)
cytryna (nominative singular)
cytryny (nominative plural)
cytryny (genitive singular)
cytryn (genitive plural)
cytrynie (dative singular)
cytrynom (dative plural)
cytrynę (accusative singular)
cytryny (accusative plural)
cytryną (instrumental singular)
cytrynami (instrumental plural)
cytrynie (locative singular)
cytrynach (locative plural)
cytryno (singular vocative)
cytryny (plural vocative)

→ Lithuanian: citrina

→ Ukrainian: цитри́на (cytrýna)

Borrowed from Italian mela citrina, from Latin mālum citrīnum, from citrīnus, from citrus, from Etruscan, from Ancient Greek κέδρος (kédros). Doublet of cedr, cedrat, cytron, cytrus, and cytryn.


pióro

piórko (diminutive)
pióro (nominative singular)
pióra (nominative plural)
pióra (genitive singular)
piór (genitive plural)
pióru (dative singular)
piórom (dative plural)
pióro (accusative singular)
pióra (accusative plural)
piórem (instrumental singular)
piórami (instrumental plural)
piórze (locative singular)
piórach (locative plural)
pióro (singular vocative)
pióra (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pero, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”).


nietoperz

nietoperz (nominative singular)
nietoperze (nominative plural)
nietoperza (genitive singular)
nietoperzy (genitive plural)
nietoperzów (genitive plural)
nietoperzowi (dative singular)
nietoperzom (dative plural)
nietoperza (accusative singular)
nietoperze (accusative plural)
nietoperzem (instrumental singular)
nietoperzami (instrumental plural)
nietoperzu (locative singular)
nietoperzach (locative plural)
nietoperzu (singular vocative)
nietoperze (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish nietopyrz, from Proto-Slavic *netopyřь.


cedr

cedrowy (adjective)
cedr (nominative singular)
cedry (nominative plural)
cedru (genitive singular)
cedrów (genitive plural)
cedrowi (dative singular)
cedrom (dative plural)
cedr (accusative singular)
cedry (accusative plural)
cedrem (instrumental singular)
cedrami (instrumental plural)
cedrze (locative singular)
cedrach (locative plural)
cedrze (singular vocative)
cedry (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish cedr. Doublet of cedrat, cytron, cytrus, cytryn, and cytryna.

dbt

cedar (any coniferous tree of the genus Cedrus)


nornica

nornica (nominative singular)
nornice (nominative plural)
nornicy (genitive singular)
nornic (genitive plural)
nornicy (dative singular)
nornicom (dative plural)
nornicę (accusative singular)
nornice (accusative plural)
nornicą (instrumental singular)
nornicami (instrumental plural)
nornicy (locative singular)
nornicach (locative plural)
nornico (singular vocative)
nornice (plural vocative)

red-backed vole (any mammal of the genus Myodes)


sokół

sokół (nominative singular)
sokoły (nominative plural)
sokoła (genitive singular)
sokołów (genitive plural)
sokołowi (dative singular)
sokołom (dative plural)
sokoła (accusative singular)
sokoły (accusative plural)
sokołem (instrumental singular)
sokołami (instrumental plural)
sokole (locative singular)
sokołach (locative plural)
sokole (singular vocative)
sokoły (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish sokół, from Proto-Slavic *sokolъ.


tryk

tryk (nominative singular)
tryki (nominative plural)
tryka (genitive singular)
tryków (genitive plural)
trykowi (dative singular)
trykom (dative plural)
tryka (accusative singular)
tryki (accusative plural)
trykiem (instrumental singular)
trykami (instrumental plural)
tryku (locative singular)
trykach (locative plural)
tryku (singular vocative)
tryki (plural vocative)


sowa

sówka (diminutive)
sowa (nominative singular)
sowy (nominative plural)
sowy (genitive singular)
sów (genitive plural)
sowie (dative singular)
sowom (dative plural)
sowę (accusative singular)
sowy (accusative plural)
sową (instrumental singular)
sowami (instrumental plural)
sowie (locative singular)
sowach (locative plural)
sowo (singular vocative)
sowy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish sowa, from Proto-Slavic *sova.

(regional) parasol mushroom (Macrolepiota procera)

(colloquial) night owl (one who stays up late at night or goes to bed late)


orzech

orzeszek (diminutive)
orzech (nominative singular)
orzechy (nominative plural)
orzecha (genitive singular)
orzechów (genitive plural)
orzechowi (dative singular)
orzechom (dative plural)
orzech (accusative singular)
orzecha (accusative singular)
orzechy (accusative plural)
orzechem (instrumental singular)
orzechami (instrumental plural)
orzechu (locative singular)
orzechach (locative plural)
orzechu (singular vocative)
orzechy (plural vocative)


ogier

pl-noun

ogier m animal (female equivalent klacz)

klacz (feminine)
ogier (nominative singular)
ogiery (nominative plural)
ogiera (genitive singular)
ogierów (genitive plural)
ogierowi (dative singular)
ogierom (dative plural)
ogiera (accusative singular)
ogiery (accusative plural)
ogierem (instrumental singular)
ogierami (instrumental plural)
ogierze (locative singular)
ogierach (locative plural)
ogierze (singular vocative)
ogiery (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Turkic. Compare Bashkir айғыр (ayğır), Kashubian jedżer, Old Turkic 𐰑𐰍𐰺 (adɣïr), Serbo-Croatian ajgir /ајгир, and Ukrainian о́гир (óhyr). Displaced Old Polish świerzepic.


ogier

ogier (nominative singular)
ogierzy (nominative plural)
ogiery (derogatory nominative plural)
ogiera (genitive singular)
ogierów (genitive plural)
ogierowi (dative singular)
ogierom (dative plural)
ogiera (accusative singular)
ogierów (accusative plural)
ogierem (instrumental singular)
ogierami (instrumental plural)
ogierze (locative singular)
ogierach (locative plural)
ogierze (singular vocative)
ogierzy (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: אָגער (oger)

(colloquial, humorous) playa, sex machine, stud, studmuffin (man with a high level of sexual activity)


orzeł

orzeł m animal (female equivalent orlica, diminutive orzełek or orlik or orliczek, augmentative orlisko or orliszczko, related adjective orli or orłowy or orłów)

orlica (feminine)
orzełek (diminutive)
orlik (diminutive)
orliczek (diminutive)
orlisko (augmentative)
orliszczko (augmentative)
orli (adjective)
orłowy (adjective)
orłów (adjective)
orzeł (nominative singular)
orły (nominative plural)
orła (genitive singular)
orłów (genitive plural)
orłu (dative singular)
orłowi (dative singular)
orłom (dative plural)
orła (accusative singular)
orły (accusative plural)
orłem (instrumental singular)
orłami (instrumental plural)
orle (locative singular)
orłach (locative plural)
orle (singular vocative)
orły (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish orzeł, from Proto-Slavic *orьlъ.

(heraldry) eagle (eagle-shaped symbol that is the emblem of a country or nation, or the motif of a coat of arms)


winogrono

winogrono (nominative singular)
winogrona (nominative plural)
winogrona (genitive singular)
winogron (genitive plural)
winogronu (dative singular)
winogronom (dative plural)
winogrono (accusative singular)
winogrona (accusative plural)
winogronem (instrumental singular)
winogronami (instrumental plural)
winogronie (locative singular)
winogronach (locative plural)
winogrono (singular vocative)
winogrona (plural vocative)


kopyto

kopytko (diminutive)
kopyto (nominative singular)
kopyta (nominative plural)
kopyta (genitive singular)
kopyt (genitive plural)
kopytu (dative singular)
kopytom (dative plural)
kopyto (accusative singular)
kopyta (accusative plural)
kopytem (instrumental singular)
kopytami (instrumental plural)
kopycie (locative singular)
kopytach (locative plural)
kopyto (singular vocative)
kopyta (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish kopyto, from Proto-Slavic *kopyto, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱoph₂ós.


podkowa

podkówka (diminutive)
podkowa (nominative singular)
podkowy (nominative plural)
podkowy (genitive singular)
podków (genitive plural)
podkowie (dative singular)
podkowom (dative plural)
podkowę (accusative singular)
podkowy (accusative plural)
podkową (instrumental singular)
podkowami (instrumental plural)
podkowie (locative singular)
podkowach (locative plural)
podkowo (singular vocative)
podkowy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъkova. By surface analysis, deverbal from podkuć.


małpa

pl-noun

małpa f (diminutive małpka, related adjective małpi)

małpka (diminutive)
małpi (adjective)
małpa (nominative singular)
małpy (nominative plural)
małpy (genitive singular)
małp (genitive plural)
małpie (dative singular)
małpom (dative plural)
małpę (accusative singular)
małpy (accusative plural)
małpą (instrumental singular)
małpami (instrumental plural)
małpie (locative singular)
małpach (locative plural)
małpo (singular vocative)
małpy (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: ма́лпа (málpa)
Belarusian: ма́лпа (málpa); ма́ўпа (máŭpa), на́ўпа (náŭpa) (dialectal)
Carpathian Rusyn: ма́лфа f (málfa)
⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: малфу́н m (malfún, “male monkey”)
⇒ Carpathian Rusyn: малфеня́ n (malfenjá, “baby monkey”)
Ukrainian: ма́впа (mávpa), ма́лпа (málpa); ма́лфа (málfa), мо́лфа (mólfa), на́впа (návpa), на́лпа (nálpa), на́лфа (nálfa) (dialectal)
⇒ Ukrainian: мавпі́й m (mavpíj, “male monkey”)
⇒ Ukrainian: мавпеня́ n (mavpenjá, “baby monkey”)

→ Yiddish: מאַלפּע (malpe)

Usually derived from German Maulaffe (“gaping fool, gaper”), from Maul (“mouth”) + Affe (“ape, monkey”). However, the German word is attested no earlier than the Polish (both 15th century), it never actually means “ape”, and it poses various phonetic difficulties. The Wörterbuch der deutschen Lehnwörter therefore casts doubt on the derivation.


żaba

żabka (diminutive)
żaba (nominative singular)
żaby (nominative plural)
żaby (genitive singular)
żab (genitive plural)
żabie (dative singular)
żabom (dative plural)
żabę (accusative singular)
żaby (accusative plural)
żabą (instrumental singular)
żabami (instrumental plural)
żabie (locative singular)
żabach (locative plural)
żabo (singular vocative)
żaby (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish żaba, from Proto-Slavic *žaba.


pieprz

pl-noun

pieprz m inan (diminutive pieprzyk, related adjective pieprzowy)

pieprzyk (diminutive)
pieprzowy (adjective)
pieprz (nominative singular)
pieprze (nominative plural)
pieprzu (genitive singular)
pieprzów (genitive plural)
pieprzy (genitive plural)
pieprzowi (dative singular)
pieprzom (dative plural)
pieprz (accusative singular)
pieprze (accusative plural)
pieprzem (instrumental singular)
pieprzami (instrumental plural)
pieprzu (locative singular)
pieprzach (locative plural)
pieprzu (singular vocative)
pieprze (plural vocative)

black pepper, pepper, peppercorns (dried, unripe berries of the Piper nigrum plant which are commonly used as a spice and seasoning)


dzik

dziczek (diminutive)
dzik (nominative singular)
dziki (nominative plural)
dzika (genitive singular)
dzików (genitive plural)
dzikowi (dative singular)
dzikom (dative plural)
dzika (accusative singular)
dziki (accusative plural)
dzikiem (instrumental singular)
dzikami (instrumental plural)
dziku (locative singular)
dzikach (locative plural)
dziku (singular vocative)
dziki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dikъ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰiHkos. Cognate to Lithuanian dỹkas, Latvian dīks, Proto-Albanian *dīkā, possibly to Ancient Greek σίκα (síka, “pig”) (Laconian dialect).


lelek

lelek (nominative singular)
lelki (nominative plural)
lelka (genitive singular)
lelków (genitive plural)
lelkowi (dative singular)
lelkom (dative plural)
lelka (accusative singular)
lelki (accusative plural)
lelkiem (instrumental singular)
lelkami (instrumental plural)
lelku (locative singular)
lelkach (locative plural)
lelku (singular vocative)
lelki (plural vocative)

Caprimulgus europaeus
Caprimulgus europaeus#Translingual

Eurasian nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus)


wampir

wampir m pers (female equivalent wampirzyca, diminutive wampirek, augmentative wampirzysko)

wampirzyca (feminine)
wampirek (diminutive)
wampirzysko (augmentative)
wampir (nominative singular)
wampirowie (nominative plural)
wampiry (nominative plural)
wampira (genitive singular)
wampirów (genitive plural)
wampirowi (dative singular)
wampirom (dative plural)
wampira (accusative singular)
wampirów (accusative plural)
wampirem (instrumental singular)
wampirami (instrumental plural)
wampirze (locative singular)
wampirach (locative plural)
wampirze (singular vocative)
wampirowie (plural vocative)
wampiry (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare German Vampir, Serbo-Croatian vàmpīr, Slovene vampír, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *ǫpyrь. Doublet of upiór and wąpierz.

wampir energetyczny

vampire (person who drains one's time, energy, money, etc.)


arbuz

arbuz m animal or m inan (related adjective arbuzowy)

arbuz m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
arbuzowy (adjective)
arbuz (nominative singular)
arbuzy (nominative plural)
arbuza (genitive singular)
arbuzów (genitive plural)
arbuzowi (dative singular)
arbuzom (dative plural)
arbuza (accusative singular)
arbuz (accusative singular)
arbuzy (accusative plural)
arbuzem (instrumental singular)
arbuzami (instrumental plural)
arbuzie (locative singular)
arbuzach (locative plural)
arbuzie (singular vocative)
arbuzy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian арбу́з (arbúz). First attested in 1613. Doublet of harbuz, an obsolete borrowing from Ukrainian. Compare Old Polish karbusz.

ref

Wiesław Morawski (07.04.2021) “ARBUZ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]

watermelon (any plant of the genus Citrullus)

(obsolete) pumpkin, gourd, squash (any plant of the genus Cucurbita)

(obsolete) pumpkin, gourd, squash (fruit of this plant)

(colloquial, humorous) head, noggin (part of the body of an animal or human which contains the brain, mouth and main sense organs)


rozgwiazda

rozgwiazda (nominative singular)
rozgwiazdy (nominative plural)
rozgwiazdy (genitive singular)
rozgwiazd (genitive plural)
rozgwieździe (dative singular)
rozgwiazdom (dative plural)
rozgwiazdę (accusative singular)
rozgwiazdy (accusative plural)
rozgwiazdą (instrumental singular)
rozgwiazdami (instrumental plural)
rozgwieździe (locative singular)
rozgwiazdach (locative plural)
rozgwiazdo (singular vocative)
rozgwiazdy (plural vocative)

From roz- + gwiazda. Calque of German Seestern or English starfish.

starfish (any of various asteroids or other echinoderms with usually five arms, many of which eat bivalves or corals by everting their stomach)


słonecznik

słonecznik (nominative singular)
słoneczniki (nominative plural)
słonecznika (genitive singular)
słoneczników (genitive plural)
słonecznikowi (dative singular)
słonecznikom (dative plural)
słonecznik (accusative singular)
słoneczniki (accusative plural)
słonecznikiem (instrumental singular)
słonecznikami (instrumental plural)
słoneczniku (locative singular)
słonecznikach (locative plural)
słoneczniku (singular vocative)
słoneczniki (plural vocative)


kapral

pl-noun

kapral m pers (related adjective kapralski, abbreviation kpr.)

kapralski (adjective)
kpr. (abbreviation)
kapral (nominative singular)
kaprale (nominative plural)
kaprala (genitive singular)
kaprali (genitive plural)
kapralowi (dative singular)
kapralom (dative plural)
kaprala (accusative singular)
kaprali (accusative plural)
kapralem (instrumental singular)
kapralami (instrumental plural)
kapralu (locative singular)
kapralach (locative plural)
kapralu (singular vocative)
kaprale (plural vocative)

(military) corporal (non-commissioned officer army rank with NATO code OR-4; the rank below a sergeant but above a lance corporal and private)


kapral

kapral (nominative singular)
kaprale (nominative plural)
kaprala (genitive singular)
kaprali (genitive plural)
kapralowi (dative singular)
kapralom (dative plural)
kaprala (accusative singular)
kaprale (accusative plural)
kapralem (instrumental singular)
kapralami (instrumental plural)
kapralu (locative singular)
kapralach (locative plural)
kapralu (singular vocative)
kaprale (plural vocative)


śledź

śledzik (diminutive)
śledź (nominative singular)
śledzie (nominative plural)
śledzia (genitive singular)
śledzi (genitive plural)
śledziowi (dative singular)
śledziom (dative plural)
śledzia (accusative singular)
śledzie (accusative plural)
śledziem (instrumental singular)
śledziami (instrumental plural)
śledziu (locative singular)
śledziach (locative plural)
śledziu (singular vocative)
śledzie (plural vocative)

Derived from Old Norse síld. Doublet of osełedec (“sabre carp, sichel, topknot, ziege”) and sełedec (“topknot”).


mirra

mirra (nominative singular)
mirry (genitive singular)
mirze (dative singular)
mirrę (accusative singular)
mirrą (instrumental singular)
mirze (locative singular)
mirro (singular vocative)

Commiphora myrrha
Commiphora myrrha#Translingual

myrrh (red-brown resinous material, the dried sap of a tree of the species Commiphora myrrha, used as perfume, incense, or medicine)


lotos

lotos (nominative singular)
lotosy (nominative plural)
lotosu (genitive singular)
lotosów (genitive plural)
lotosowi (dative singular)
lotosom (dative plural)
lotos (accusative singular)
lotosy (accusative plural)
lotosem (instrumental singular)
lotosami (instrumental plural)
lotosie (locative singular)
lotosach (locative plural)
lotosie (singular vocative)
lotosy (plural vocative)


kijanka

kijanka (nominative singular)
kijanki (nominative plural)
kijanki (genitive singular)
kijanek (genitive plural)
kijance (dative singular)
kijankom (dative plural)
kijankę (accusative singular)
kijanki (accusative plural)
kijanką (instrumental singular)
kijankami (instrumental plural)
kijance (locative singular)
kijankach (locative plural)
kijanko (singular vocative)
kijanki (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: кія́нка (kijánka)

→ Czech: kyjanka

→ Russian: кия́нка (kijánka)

→ Slovak: kyjanka, kijanka

→ Ukrainian: кия́нка (kyjánka)

Inherited from Old Polish kijanka, from kijania, kijań. By surface analysis, kij + -an + -ka.

tadpole, polliwog, porriwiggle (young toad or frog in its larval stage of development that lives in water, has a tail and no legs, and, like a fish, breathes through gills)


busz

busz (nominative singular)
busze (nominative plural)
buszu (genitive singular)
buszy (genitive plural)
buszowi (dative singular)
buszom (dative plural)
busz (accusative singular)
busze (accusative plural)
buszem (instrumental singular)
buszami (instrumental plural)
buszu (locative singular)
buszach (locative plural)
buszu (singular vocative)
busze (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Busch, from Middle High German busch, bosch, from Old High German busk, from Proto-West Germanic *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz.


węgorz

węgorz (nominative singular)
węgorze (nominative plural)
węgorza (genitive singular)
węgorzów (genitive plural)
węgorzowi (dative singular)
węgorzom (dative plural)
węgorza (accusative singular)
węgorze (accusative plural)
węgorzem (instrumental singular)
węgorzami (instrumental plural)
węgorzu (locative singular)
węgorzach (locative plural)
węgorzu (singular vocative)
węgorze (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: ווענגער (venger)

Inherited from Old Polish węgorz, from Proto-Slavic *ǫgořь.


gęś

pl-noun

gęś f (diminutive gąska, related adjective gęsi)

gąska (diminutive)
gęsi (adjective)
gęś (nominative singular)
gęsi (nominative plural)
gęsi (genitive singular)
gęsi (genitive plural)
gęsi (dative singular)
gęsiom (dative plural)
gęś (accusative singular)
gęsi (accusative plural)
gęsią (instrumental singular)
gęśmi (instrumental plural)
gęsiami (instrumental plural)
gęsi (locative singular)
gęsiach (locative plural)
gęsi (singular vocative)
gęsi (plural vocative)

goose (any grazing waterfowl of the family Anatidae)


łasica

łasiczka (diminutive)
łasica (nominative singular)
łasice (nominative plural)
łasicy (genitive singular)
łasic (genitive plural)
łasicy (dative singular)
łasicom (dative plural)
łasicę (accusative singular)
łasice (accusative plural)
łasicą (instrumental singular)
łasicami (instrumental plural)
łasicy (locative singular)
łasicach (locative plural)
łasico (singular vocative)
łasice (plural vocative)

Mustela nivalis
Mustela nivalis#Translingual


osioł

osiołek (diminutive)
osioł (nominative singular)
osły (nominative plural)
osła (genitive singular)
osłów (genitive plural)
osłu (dative singular)
osłowi (dative singular)
osłom (dative plural)
osła (accusative singular)
osły (accusative plural)
osłem (instrumental singular)
osłami (instrumental plural)
ośle (locative singular)
osłach (locative plural)
ośle (singular vocative)
osły (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *osьlъ, from Gothic 𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌿𐍃 (asilus), from Latin asellus, from asinus.


morela

morelka (diminutive)
morela (nominative singular)
morele (nominative plural)
moreli (genitive singular)
morel (genitive plural)
moreli (genitive plural)
moreli (dative singular)
morelom (dative plural)
morelę (accusative singular)
morele (accusative plural)
morelą (instrumental singular)
morelami (instrumental plural)
moreli (locative singular)
morelach (locative plural)
morelo (singular vocative)
morele (plural vocative)

→ Ukrainian: море́ля (morélja)


grzyb

grzybek (diminutive)
grzyb (nominative singular)
grzyby (nominative plural)
grzyba (genitive singular)
grzybów (genitive plural)
grzybowi (dative singular)
grzybom (dative plural)
grzyb (accusative singular)
grzyby (accusative plural)
grzybem (instrumental singular)
grzybami (instrumental plural)
grzybie (locative singular)
grzybach (locative plural)
grzybie (singular vocative)
grzyby (plural vocative)

fungus, mushroom (a category of eukaryotic organism, having cell walls but no chlorophyll)


jeżyna

jeżyna f (diminutive jeżynka, augmentative jeżynisko, related adjective jeżynowy)

jeżynka (diminutive)
jeżynisko (augmentative)
jeżynowy (adjective)
jeżyna (nominative singular)
jeżyny (nominative plural)
jeżyny (genitive singular)
jeżyn (genitive plural)
jeżynie (dative singular)
jeżynom (dative plural)
jeżynę (accusative singular)
jeżyny (accusative plural)
jeżyną (instrumental singular)
jeżynami (instrumental plural)
jeżynie (locative singular)
jeżynach (locative plural)
jeżyno (singular vocative)
jeżyny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ežina. Compare Belarusian ажы́на (ažýna) and Ukrainian ожи́на (ožýna). Doublet of ożyna.

Rubus fruticosus
Rubus fruticosus#Translingual

blackberry, bramble, brambleberry (fruit-bearing shrub of the aggregate species Rubus fruticosus and some hybrids)


chwast

chwast (nominative singular)
chwasty (nominative plural)
chwastu (genitive singular)
chwastów (genitive plural)
chwastowi (dative singular)
chwastom (dative plural)
chwast (accusative singular)
chwasty (accusative plural)
chwastem (instrumental singular)
chwastami (instrumental plural)
chwaście (locative singular)
chwastach (locative plural)
chwaście (singular vocative)
chwasty (plural vocative)

Most probably from Proto-Slavic *xvastъ (“catchy plant”), from *xvatati (“to grab”). Doublet of chaszcze and chrust.


soczewica

soczewica (nominative singular)
soczewice (nominative plural)
soczewicy (genitive singular)
soczewic (genitive plural)
soczewicy (dative singular)
soczewicom (dative plural)
soczewicę (accusative singular)
soczewice (accusative plural)
soczewicą (instrumental singular)
soczewicami (instrumental plural)
soczewicy (locative singular)
soczewicach (locative plural)
soczewico (singular vocative)
soczewice (plural vocative)


dromader

dromader (nominative singular)
dromadery (nominative plural)
dromadera (genitive singular)
dromaderów (genitive plural)
dromaderowi (dative singular)
dromaderom (dative plural)
dromadera (accusative singular)
dromadery (accusative plural)
dromaderem (instrumental singular)
dromaderami (instrumental plural)
dromaderze (locative singular)
dromaderach (locative plural)
dromaderze (singular vocative)
dromadery (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: dromader

From Late Latin dromedarius (“kind of camel”), from Classical Latin dromas, dromadis, from Ancient Greek δρομὰς κάμηλος (dromàs kámēlos, “running camel”), from δρόμος (drómos, “race course”).

der

δρομὰς κάμηλος


bażant

bażant (nominative singular)
bażanci (nominative plural)
bażanty (derogatory nominative plural)
bażanta (genitive singular)
bażantów (genitive plural)
bażantowi (dative singular)
bażantom (dative plural)
bażanta (accusative singular)
bażantów (accusative plural)
bażantem (instrumental singular)
bażantami (instrumental plural)
bażancie (locative singular)
bażantach (locative plural)
bażancie (singular vocative)
bażanci (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: bażant

(countable, colloquial, figurative, historical) in Communist Poland, a young man dressing in colorful clothes imitating the behavior of people from the United States and Western Europe


raba

(Chełmno-Dobrzyń) Synonym of maciora (“sow”)


weterynarz

pl-noun

weterynarz m pers (female equivalent weterynarka, related adjective weterynarski, abbreviation wet. or weter.)

weterynarka (feminine)
weterynarski (adjective)
wet. (abbreviation)
weter. (abbreviation)
weterynarz (nominative singular)
weterynarze (nominative plural)
weterynarza (genitive singular)
weterynarzy (genitive plural)
weterynarzowi (dative singular)
weterynarzom (dative plural)
weterynarza (accusative singular)
weterynarzy (accusative plural)
weterynarzem (instrumental singular)
weterynarzami (instrumental plural)
weterynarzu (locative singular)
weterynarzach (locative plural)
weterynarzu (singular vocative)
weterynarze (plural vocative)

veterinarian, veterinary, veterinary surgeon, vet, animal doctor (medical doctor who treats animals)


sikora bogatka

sikora bogatka (nominative singular)
sikory bogatki (nominative plural)
sikory bogatki (genitive singular)
sikor bogatek (genitive plural)
sikorze bogatce (dative singular)
sikorom bogatkom (dative plural)
sikorę bogatkę (accusative singular)
sikory bogatki (accusative plural)
sikorą bogatką (instrumental singular)
sikorami bogatkami (instrumental plural)
sikorze bogatce (locative singular)
sikorach bogatkach (locative plural)
sikoro bogatko (singular vocative)
sikory bogatki (plural vocative)


biedronka

biedronka f (diminutive biedroneczka, augmentative biedrona or biedra)

biedroneczka (diminutive)
biedrona (augmentative)
biedra (augmentative)
biedronka (nominative singular)
biedronki (nominative plural)
biedronki (genitive singular)
biedronek (genitive plural)
biedronce (dative singular)
biedronkom (dative plural)
biedronkę (accusative singular)
biedronki (accusative plural)
biedronką (instrumental singular)
biedronkami (instrumental plural)
biedronce (locative singular)
biedronkach (locative plural)
biedronko (singular vocative)
biedronki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish wiodrunka, from Proto-Slavic *bedrъ + -onka.


podrost

podrost (nominative singular)
podrosty (nominative plural)
podrostu (genitive singular)
podrostów (genitive plural)
podrostowi (dative singular)
podrostom (dative plural)
podrost (accusative singular)
podrosty (accusative plural)
podrostem (instrumental singular)
podrostami (instrumental plural)
podroście (locative singular)
podrostach (locative plural)
podroście (singular vocative)
podrosty (plural vocative)

(forestry) underbrush, undergrowth, understory (young generation of self-seeded forest trees)


tabak

tabak (nominative singular)
tabaku (genitive singular)
tabakowi (dative singular)
tabak (accusative singular)
tabakiem (instrumental singular)
tabaku (locative singular)
tabaku (singular vocative)

Nicotiana tabacum
Nicotiana tabacum#Translingual

(dialectal) tobacco (leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and some other species cultivated and harvested to make cigarettes, cigars, snuff, for smoking in pipes or for chewing)


krzyżówka

krzyżówka f (related adjective krzyżówkowy)

krzyżówkowy (adjective)
krzyżówka (nominative singular)
krzyżówki (nominative plural)
krzyżówki (genitive singular)
krzyżówek (genitive plural)
krzyżówce (dative singular)
krzyżówkom (dative plural)
krzyżówkę (accusative singular)
krzyżówki (accusative plural)
krzyżówką (instrumental singular)
krzyżówkami (instrumental plural)
krzyżówce (locative singular)
krzyżówkach (locative plural)
krzyżówko (singular vocative)
krzyżówki (plural vocative)

Anas platyrhynchos
Anas platyrhynchos#Translingual


kaczor

kaczorek (diminutive)
kaczor (nominative singular)
kaczory (nominative plural)
kaczora (genitive singular)
kaczorów (genitive plural)
kaczorowi (dative singular)
kaczorom (dative plural)
kaczora (accusative singular)
kaczory (accusative plural)
kaczorem (instrumental singular)
kaczorami (instrumental plural)
kaczorze (locative singular)
kaczorach (locative plural)
kaczorze (singular vocative)
kaczory (plural vocative)


kaczor

kaczor (nominative singular)
kaczory (nominative plural)
kaczora (genitive singular)
kaczorów (genitive plural)
kaczorowi (dative singular)
kaczorom (dative plural)
kaczora (accusative singular)
kaczorów (accusative plural)
kaczorem (instrumental singular)
kaczorami (instrumental plural)
kaczorze (locative singular)
kaczorach (locative plural)
kaczorze (singular vocative)
kaczory (plural vocative)


gąsienica

gąsienica f (diminutive gąsieniczka, related adjective gąsienicowy or gąsieniczy)

gąsieniczka (diminutive)
gąsienicowy (adjective)
gąsieniczy (adjective)
gąsienica (nominative singular)
gąsienice (nominative plural)
gąsienicy (genitive singular)
gąsienic (genitive plural)
gąsienicy (dative singular)
gąsienicom (dative plural)
gąsienicę (accusative singular)
gąsienice (accusative plural)
gąsienicą (instrumental singular)
gąsienicami (instrumental plural)
gąsienicy (locative singular)
gąsienicach (locative plural)
gąsienico (singular vocative)
gąsienice (plural vocative)

/ɡɔɲ.ɕɛˈɲi.t͡sa/

Inherited from Old Polish wąsienica. The initial g- is prothetic or by conflation with Proto-Slavic *gušterica (“lizard”). Compare Bulgarian гъсе́ница (gǎsénica), Czech housenka, Lower Sorbian guseńca, Macedonian гасеница (gasenica), Old Church Slavonic юсеница (jusenica), Russian гу́сеница (gúsenica), Serbo-Croatian gȕsenica, Slovak husenica, Slovene gosẹ̑nica, Ukrainian гу́сениця (húsenycja), and Upper Sorbian husańca.

(entomology, lepidopterology) caterpillar, leafworm (larva of a butterfly or moth)


robak

robak m animal (diminutive robaczek, augmentative robal)

robaczek (diminutive)
robal (augmentative)
robak (nominative singular)
robaki (nominative plural)
robaka (genitive singular)
robaków (genitive plural)
robakowi (dative singular)
robakom (dative plural)
robaka (accusative singular)
robaki (accusative plural)
robakiem (instrumental singular)
robakami (instrumental plural)
robaku (locative singular)
robakach (locative plural)
robaku (singular vocative)
robaki (plural vocative)


rój

rój (nominative singular)
roje (nominative plural)
roju (genitive singular)
rojów (genitive plural)
rojowi (dative singular)
rojom (dative plural)
rój (accusative singular)
roje (accusative plural)
rojem (instrumental singular)
rojami (instrumental plural)
roju (locative singular)
rojach (locative plural)
roju (singular vocative)
roje (plural vocative)


skrzydło

skrzydełko (diminutive)
skrzydło (nominative singular)
skrzydła (nominative plural)
skrzydła (genitive singular)
skrzydeł (genitive plural)
skrzydłu (dative singular)
skrzydłom (dative plural)
skrzydło (accusative singular)
skrzydła (accusative plural)
skrzydłem (instrumental singular)
skrzydłami (instrumental plural)
skrzydle (locative singular)
skrzydłach (locative plural)
skrzydło (singular vocative)
skrzydła (plural vocative)

(Southern Greater Poland, construction) Synonym of zastrzał (“stirrup, strut”)


trawa

trawa (nominative singular)
trawy (nominative plural)
trawy (genitive singular)
traw (genitive plural)
trawie (dative singular)
trawom (dative plural)
trawę (accusative singular)
trawy (accusative plural)
trawą (instrumental singular)
trawami (instrumental plural)
trawie (locative singular)
trawach (locative plural)
trawo (singular vocative)
trawy (plural vocative)


róg

rożek (diminutive)
róg (nominative singular)
rogi (nominative plural)
rogu (genitive singular)
rogów (genitive plural)
rogowi (dative singular)
rogom (dative plural)
róg (accusative singular)
rogi (accusative plural)
rogiem (instrumental singular)
rogami (instrumental plural)
rogu (locative singular)
rogach (locative plural)
rogu (singular vocative)
rogi (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rogъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rágas.

horn, French horn (coiled brass musical instrument, derived from the French hunting horn, which has rotary valves)


dziecko

dziecko (nominative singular)
dzieci (nominative plural)
dziecka (genitive singular)
dzieci (genitive plural)
dziecku (dative singular)
dzieciom (dative plural)
dziecko (accusative singular)
dzieci (accusative plural)
dzieckiem (instrumental singular)
dziećmi (instrumental plural)
dziecku (locative singular)
dzieciach (locative plural)
dziecko (singular vocative)
dzieci (plural vocative)

kto ma pszczoły, ten ma miód, kto ma dzieci, ten ma smród

małe dzieci - mały kłopot, duże dzieci - duży kłopot

child (form of address towards someone younger than the speaker towards which the speaker feels fondly)


wesz

weszka (diminutive)
wesz (nominative singular)
wszy (nominative plural)
wszy (genitive singular)
wszy (genitive plural)
wszy (dative singular)
wszom (dative plural)
wesz (accusative singular)
wszy (accusative plural)
wszą (instrumental singular)
wszami (instrumental plural)
wszy (locative singular)
wszach (locative plural)
wszy (singular vocative)
wszy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish wesz, from Proto-Slavic *vъšь, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *lewH-.


owad

owad (nominative singular)
owady (nominative plural)
owada (genitive singular)
owadów (genitive plural)
owadowi (dative singular)
owadom (dative plural)
owada (accusative singular)
owady (accusative plural)
owadem (instrumental singular)
owadami (instrumental plural)
owadzie (locative singular)
owadach (locative plural)
owadzie (singular vocative)
owady (plural vocative)


motyl

motyl (nominative singular)
motyla (genitive singular)
motylowi (dative singular)
motyla (accusative singular)
motylem (instrumental singular)
motylu (locative singular)
motylu (singular vocative)


pijanica

pijanica (nominative singular)
pijanice (nominative plural)
pijanicy (genitive singular)
pijanic (genitive plural)
pijanicy (dative singular)
pijanicom (dative plural)
pijanicę (accusative singular)
pijanice (accusative plural)
pijanicą (instrumental singular)
pijanicami (instrumental plural)
pijanicy (locative singular)
pijanicach (locative plural)
pijanico (singular vocative)
pijanice (plural vocative)

Vaccinium uliginosum
Vaccinium uliginosum#Translingual


tarakan

tarakan (nominative singular)
tarakany (nominative plural)
tarakana (genitive singular)
tarakanów (genitive plural)
tarakanowi (dative singular)
tarakanom (dative plural)
tarakana (accusative singular)
tarakany (accusative plural)
tarakanem (instrumental singular)
tarakanami (instrumental plural)
tarakanie (locative singular)
tarakanach (locative plural)
tarakanie (singular vocative)
tarakany (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian тарака́н (tarakán).


cyklop

cyklop (nominative singular)
cyklopy (nominative plural)
cyklopa (genitive singular)
cyklopów (genitive plural)
cyklopowi (dative singular)
cyklopom (dative plural)
cyklopa (accusative singular)
cyklopy (accusative plural)
cyklopem (instrumental singular)
cyklopami (instrumental plural)
cyklopie (locative singular)
cyklopach (locative plural)
cyklopie (singular vocative)
cyklopy (plural vocative)

cyclops (any copepod of the genus Cyclops)


struś

pl-noun

struś m animal (female equivalent strusica, related adjective strusi)

strusica (feminine)
strusi (adjective)
struś (nominative singular)
strusie (nominative plural)
strusia (genitive singular)
strusi (genitive plural)
strusiów (genitive plural)
strusiowi (dative singular)
strusiom (dative plural)
strusia (accusative singular)
strusie (accusative plural)
strusiem (instrumental singular)
strusiami (instrumental plural)
strusiu (locative singular)
strusiach (locative plural)
strusiu (singular vocative)
strusie (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Low German strūs, from Late Latin strūthiō, from Ancient Greek στρουθίων (strouthíōn).

ostrich (any ratite of the order Struthioniformes)


szpak

szpak m animal (diminutive szpaczek, related adjective szpaczy)

szpaczek (diminutive)
szpaczy (adjective)
szpak (nominative singular)
szpaki (nominative plural)
szpaka (genitive singular)
szpaków (genitive plural)
szpakowi (dative singular)
szpakom (dative plural)
szpaka (accusative singular)
szpaki (accusative plural)
szpakiem (instrumental singular)
szpakami (instrumental plural)
szpaku (locative singular)
szpakach (locative plural)
szpaku (singular vocative)
szpaki (plural vocative)

Perhaps borrowed from Middle High German spaz /spatze. Compare Belarusian шпак (špak), Czech špaček, Russian шпак (špak), and Ukrainian шпак (špak).


jerzyk

jerzyk (nominative singular)
jerzyki (nominative plural)
jerzyka (genitive singular)
jerzyków (genitive plural)
jerzykowi (dative singular)
jerzykom (dative plural)
jerzyka (accusative singular)
jerzyki (accusative plural)
jerzykiem (instrumental singular)
jerzykami (instrumental plural)
jerzyku (locative singular)
jerzykach (locative plural)
jerzyku (singular vocative)
jerzyki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish irzyk, from ir, irz, from Proto-Slavic *jyrъ.

swift (any bird belonging to the genus Apus), especially the common swift (Apus apus)


dzięcioł

pl-noun

dzięcioł m animal (diminutive dzięciołek)

dzięciołek (diminutive)
dzięcioł (nominative singular)
dzięcioły (nominative plural)
dzięcioła (genitive singular)
dzięciołów (genitive plural)
dzięciołowi (dative singular)
dzięciołom (dative plural)
dzięcioła (accusative singular)
dzięcioły (accusative plural)
dzięciołem (instrumental singular)
dzięciołami (instrumental plural)
dzięciole (locative singular)
dzięciołach (locative plural)
dzięciole (singular vocative)
dzięcioły (plural vocative)

/ˈd͡ʑɛɲ.t͡ɕɔw/

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dętelъ, *dětelъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dh(e)lbh-tel-.


kukułka

kukułeczka (diminutive)
kukułka (nominative singular)
kukułki (nominative plural)
kukułki (genitive singular)
kukułek (genitive plural)
kukułce (dative singular)
kukułkom (dative plural)
kukułkę (accusative singular)
kukułki (accusative plural)
kukułką (instrumental singular)
kukułkami (instrumental plural)
kukułce (locative singular)
kukułkach (locative plural)
kukułko (singular vocative)
kukułki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kukukъ. Originally onomatopoeic.

Cuculus canorus
Cuculus canorus#Translingual

cuckoo (bird), especially common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus)

any orchid of the genus Dactylorhiza; spotted orchid; marsh orchid


kopciuszek

kopciuszek (nominative singular)
kopciuszki (nominative plural)
kopciuszka (genitive singular)
kopciuszków (genitive plural)
kopciuszkowi (dative singular)
kopciuszkom (dative plural)
kopciuszka (accusative singular)
kopciuszki (accusative plural)
kopciuszkiem (instrumental singular)
kopciuszkami (instrumental plural)
kopciuszku (locative singular)
kopciuszkach (locative plural)
kopciuszku (singular vocative)
kopciuszki (plural vocative)

Phoenicurus ochruros
Phoenicurus ochruros#Translingual


wróbel

wróbel m animal (female equivalent wróblica, diminutive wróbelek, augmentative wróblisko, related adjective wróbli or wróblowy)

wróblica (feminine)
wróbelek (diminutive)
wróblisko (augmentative)
wróbli (adjective)
wróblowy (adjective)
wróbel (nominative singular)
wróble (nominative plural)
wróbla (genitive singular)
wróbli (genitive plural)
wróblowi (dative singular)
wróblom (dative plural)
wróbla (accusative singular)
wróble (accusative plural)
wróblem (instrumental singular)
wróblami (instrumental plural)
wróblu (locative singular)
wróblach (locative plural)
wróblu (singular vocative)
wróble (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish wrobl, from Proto-Slavic *vorbьľь.

sparrow (any bird of the genera Passer, Gymnoris, Carpospiza, or Petronia)

Passer domesticus
Passer domesticus#Translingual

(Chełmno-Dobrzyń, construction) row of sheaves arranged on top in a standing position


gołąb

gołąb m animal (female equivalent gołębica, diminutive gołąbek)

gołębica (feminine)
gołąbek (diminutive)
gołąb (nominative singular)
gołębie (nominative plural)
gołębia (genitive singular)
gołębi (genitive plural)
gołębiowi (dative singular)
gołębiom (dative plural)
gołębia (accusative singular)
gołębie (accusative plural)
gołębiem (instrumental singular)
gołębiami (instrumental plural)
gołębiu (locative singular)
gołębiach (locative plural)
gołębiu (singular vocative)
gołębie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *golǫbь, from Vulgar Latin columbus, from Ancient Greek κόλυμβος (kólumbos).


pingwin

pingwinek (diminutive)
pingwin (nominative singular)
pingwiny (nominative plural)
pingwina (genitive singular)
pingwinów (genitive plural)
pingwinowi (dative singular)
pingwinom (dative plural)
pingwina (accusative singular)
pingwiny (accusative plural)
pingwinem (instrumental singular)
pingwinami (instrumental plural)
pingwinie (locative singular)
pingwinach (locative plural)
pingwinie (singular vocative)
pingwiny (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English penguin, French pingouin, German Pinguin.

penguin, sphenisciform (flightless sea bird)


kanarek

kanarek m animal (female equivalent kanarzyca, diminutive kanareczek, augmentative kanar, related adjective kanarkowy)

kanarzyca (feminine)
kanareczek (diminutive)
kanar (augmentative)
kanarkowy (adjective)
kanarek (nominative singular)
kanarki (nominative plural)
kanarka (genitive singular)
kanarków (genitive plural)
kanarkowi (dative singular)
kanarkom (dative plural)
kanarka (accusative singular)
kanarki (accusative plural)
kanarkiem (instrumental singular)
kanarkami (instrumental plural)
kanarku (locative singular)
kanarkach (locative plural)
kanarku (singular vocative)
kanarki (plural vocative)

From Kanary + -ek. Compare Czech kanárek and French canari.

Serinus canaria
Serinus canaria#Translingual


jastrząb

jastrząb (nominative singular)
jastrzębie (nominative plural)
jastrzębia (genitive singular)
jastrzębi (genitive plural)
jastrzębiowi (dative singular)
jastrzębiom (dative plural)
jastrzębia (accusative singular)
jastrzębie (accusative plural)
jastrzębiem (instrumental singular)
jastrzębiami (instrumental plural)
jastrzębiu (locative singular)
jastrzębiach (locative plural)
jastrzębiu (singular vocative)
jastrzębie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *(j)astrębъ.

hawk (bird of prey belonging to the subfamily Accipitrinae)

Accipiter gentilis
Accipiter gentilis#Translingual

(colloquial) northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)

(politics) hawk (advocate of aggressive politics)


zięba

zięba (nominative singular)
zięby (nominative plural)
zięby (genitive singular)
zięb (genitive plural)
ziębie (dative singular)
ziębom (dative plural)
ziębę (accusative singular)
zięby (accusative plural)
ziębą (instrumental singular)
ziębami (instrumental plural)
ziębie (locative singular)
ziębach (locative plural)
ziębo (singular vocative)
zięby (plural vocative)

Fringilla coelebs
Fringilla coelebs#Translingual

any finch of the genus Fringilla, especially the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs)