بلند کردن

boland kardan (romanization)
بلند کردن (infinitive)
boland kardán (infinitive)
بلند کن (present stem)
boland kon (present stem)
بلند کرد (past stem)
boland kard (past stem)
بلند کننده (participle present)
boland konandé (participle present)
بلند کرده (participle past)
boland kardé (participle past)
بلند کنم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
boland kónam (aorist first-person indicative singular)
بلند کنی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
boland kóni (aorist indicative second-person singular)
بلند کند (aorist indicative singular third-person)
boland kónad (aorist indicative singular third-person)
بلند کنیم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
boland kónim (aorist first-person indicative plural)
بلند کنید (aorist indicative plural second-person)
boland kónid (aorist indicative plural second-person)
بلند کنند (aorist indicative plural third-person)
boland kónand (aorist indicative plural third-person)
بلند میکنم (first-person indicative present singular)
boland mí-konam (first-person indicative present singular)
بلند میکنی (indicative present second-person singular)
boland mí-koni (indicative present second-person singular)
بلند میکند (indicative present singular third-person)
boland mí-konad (indicative present singular third-person)
بلند میکنیم (first-person indicative plural present)
boland mí-konim (first-person indicative plural present)
بلند میکنید (indicative plural present second-person)
boland mí-konid (indicative plural present second-person)
بلند میکنند (indicative plural present third-person)
boland mí-konand (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم بلند میکنم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dấram boland mí-konam (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری بلند میکنی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dấri boland mí-koni (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
دارد بلند میکند (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dấrad boland mí-konad (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم بلند میکنیم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dấrim boland mí-konim (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارید بلند میکنید (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dấrid boland mí-konid (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارند بلند میکنند (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dấrand boland mí-konand (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
بلند کردهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
boland kardé-am (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
بلند کردهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
boland kardé-i (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
بلند کرده است (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
boland kardé ast (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
بلند کردهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
boland kardé-im (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
بلند کردهاید (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
boland kardé-id (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
بلند کردهاند (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
boland kardé-and (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
بلند کردم (first-person indicative past singular)
boland kárdam (first-person indicative past singular)
بلند کردی (indicative past second-person singular)
boland kárdi (indicative past second-person singular)
بلند کرد (indicative past singular third-person)
boland kard (indicative past singular third-person)
بلند کردیم (first-person indicative past plural)
boland kárdim (first-person indicative past plural)
بلند کردید (indicative past plural second-person)
boland kárdid (indicative past plural second-person)
بلند کردند (indicative past plural third-person)
boland kárdand (indicative past plural third-person)
بلند میکردم (first-person indicative past singular)
boland mí-kardam (first-person indicative past singular)
بلند میکردی (indicative past second-person singular)
boland mí-kardi (indicative past second-person singular)
بلند میکرد (indicative past singular third-person)
boland mí-kard (indicative past singular third-person)
بلند میکردیم (first-person indicative past plural)
boland mí-kardim (first-person indicative past plural)
بلند میکردید (indicative past plural second-person)
boland mí-kardid (indicative past plural second-person)
بلند میکردند (indicative past plural third-person)
boland mí-kardand (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم بلند میکردم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dấštam boland mí-kardam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی بلند میکردی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dấšti boland mí-kardi (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشت بلند میکرد (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dâšt boland mí-kard (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم بلند میکردیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dấštim boland mí-kardim (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتید بلند میکردید (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dấštid boland mí-kardid (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتند بلند میکردند (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dấštand boland mí-kardand (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
بلند کرده بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
boland kardé búdam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
بلند کرده بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
boland kardé búdi (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
بلند کرده بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
boland kardé bud (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
بلند کرده بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
boland kardé búdim (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
بلند کرده بودید (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
boland kardé búdid (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
بلند کرده بودند (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
boland kardé búdand (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
بلند خواهم کرد (first-person future indicative singular)
boland xâhám kard (first-person future indicative singular)
بلند خواهی کرد (future indicative second-person singular)
boland xâhí kard (future indicative second-person singular)
بلند خواهد کرد (future indicative singular third-person)
boland xâhád kard (future indicative singular third-person)
بلند خواهیم کرد (first-person future indicative plural)
boland xâhím kard (first-person future indicative plural)
بلند خواهید کرد (future indicative plural second-person)
boland xâhíd kard (future indicative plural second-person)
بلند خواهند کرد (future indicative plural third-person)
boland xâhánd kard (future indicative plural third-person)
بلند کنم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
boland konam (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بلند کنی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
boland koni (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بلند کند (present singular subjunctive third-person)
boland konad (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بلند کنیم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
boland konim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بلند کنید (plural present second-person subjunctive)
boland konid (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بلند کنند (plural present subjunctive third-person)
boland konand (plural present subjunctive third-person)
بلند کرده باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
boland kardé bấšam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
بلند کرده باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
boland kardé bấši (past second-person singular subjunctive)
بلند کرده باشد (past singular subjunctive third-person)
boland kardé bấšad (past singular subjunctive third-person)
بلند کرده باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
boland kardé bấšim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
بلند کرده باشید (past plural second-person subjunctive)
boland kardé bấšid (past plural second-person subjunctive)
بلند کرده باشند (past plural subjunctive third-person)
boland kardé bấšand (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بلند کن (imperative second-person singular)
boland kon (imperative second-person singular)
بلند کنید (imperative plural second-person)
boland konid (imperative plural second-person)
بلند کردن (infinitive)
boland kardán (infinitive)
بلند کن (present stem)
boland kon (present stem)
بلند کرد (past stem)
boland kard (past stem)
بلند کننده (participle present)
boland konandé (participle present)
بلند کرده (participle past)
boland kardé (participle past)
بلند کنم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
boland kónam (aorist first-person indicative singular)
بلند کنی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
boland kóni (aorist indicative second-person singular)
بلند کنه (aorist indicative singular third-person)
boland kóne (aorist indicative singular third-person)
بلند کنیم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
boland kónim (aorist first-person indicative plural)
بلند کنین (aorist indicative plural second-person)
boland kónin (aorist indicative plural second-person)
بلند کنن (aorist indicative plural third-person)
boland kónan (aorist indicative plural third-person)
بلند میکنم (first-person indicative present singular)
boland mí-konam (first-person indicative present singular)
بلند میکنی (indicative present second-person singular)
boland mí-koni (indicative present second-person singular)
بلند میکنه (indicative present singular third-person)
boland mí-kone (indicative present singular third-person)
بلند میکنیم (first-person indicative plural present)
boland mí-konim (first-person indicative plural present)
بلند میکنین (indicative plural present second-person)
boland mí-konin (indicative plural present second-person)
بلند میکنن (indicative plural present third-person)
boland mí-konan (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم بلند میکنم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dấram boland mí-konam (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری بلند میکنی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dấri boland mí-koni (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
داره بلند میکنه (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dấre boland mí-kone (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم بلند میکنیم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dấrim boland mí-konim (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارین بلند میکنین (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dấrin boland mí-konin (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارن بلند میکنن (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dấran boland mí-konan (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
بلند کردهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
boland kardám (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
بلند کردهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
boland kardí (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
بلند کرده (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
boland kardé (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
بلند کردهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
boland kardím (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
بلند کردهاین (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
boland kardín (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
بلند کردهان (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
boland kardán (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
بلند کردم (first-person indicative past singular)
boland kárdam (first-person indicative past singular)
بلند کردی (indicative past second-person singular)
boland kárdi (indicative past second-person singular)
بلند کرد (indicative past singular third-person)
boland kárd (indicative past singular third-person)
بلند کردیم (first-person indicative past plural)
boland kárdim (first-person indicative past plural)
بلند کردین (indicative past plural second-person)
boland kárdin (indicative past plural second-person)
بلند کردن (indicative past plural third-person)
boland kárdan (indicative past plural third-person)
بلند میکردم (first-person indicative past singular)
boland mí-kardam (first-person indicative past singular)
بلند میکردی (indicative past second-person singular)
boland mí-kardi (indicative past second-person singular)
بلند میکرد (indicative past singular third-person)
boland mí-kard (indicative past singular third-person)
بلند میکردیم (first-person indicative past plural)
boland mí-kardim (first-person indicative past plural)
بلند میکردین (indicative past plural second-person)
boland mí-kardin (indicative past plural second-person)
بلند میکردن (indicative past plural third-person)
boland mí-kardan (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم بلند میکردم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dấštam boland mí-kardam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی بلند میکردی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dấšti boland mí-kardi (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشت بلند میکرد (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dấšt boland mí-kard (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم بلند میکردیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dấštim boland mí-kardim (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتین بلند میکردین (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dấštin boland mí-kardin (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتن بلند میکردن (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dấštan boland mí-kardan (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
بلند کرده بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
boland kardé búdam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
بلند کرده بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
boland kardé búdi (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
بلند کرده بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
boland kardé bud (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
بلند کرده بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
boland kardé búdim (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
بلند کرده بودین (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
boland kardé búdin (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
بلند کرده بودن (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
boland kardé búdan (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
بلند کنم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
boland konam (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بلند کنی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
boland koni (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بلند کنه (present singular subjunctive third-person)
boland kone (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بلند کنیم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
boland konim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بلند کنین (plural present second-person subjunctive)
boland konin (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بلند کنن (plural present subjunctive third-person)
boland konan (plural present subjunctive third-person)
بلند کرده باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
boland kardé bấšam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
بلند کرده باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
boland kardé bấši (past second-person singular subjunctive)
بلند کرده باشه (past singular subjunctive third-person)
boland kardé bấše (past singular subjunctive third-person)
بلند کرده باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
boland kardé bấšim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
بلند کرده باشین (past plural second-person subjunctive)
boland kardé bấšin (past plural second-person subjunctive)
بلند کرده باشن (past plural subjunctive third-person)
boland kardé bấšan (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بلند کن (imperative second-person singular)
boland kon (imperative second-person singular)
بلند کنین (imperative plural second-person)
boland konin (imperative plural second-person)
بلند کردن (infinitive)
buland kardán (infinitive)
بلند کن (present stem)
buland kun (present stem)
بلند کرد (past stem)
buland kard (past stem)
بلند کننده (participle present)
buland kunindá (participle present)
بلند کرده (participle past)
buland kardá (participle past)
بلند کنم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
buland kúnam (aorist first-person indicative singular)
بلند کنی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
buland kúnī (aorist indicative second-person singular)
بلند کند (aorist indicative singular third-person)
buland kúnad (aorist indicative singular third-person)
بلند کنیم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
buland kúnēm (aorist first-person indicative plural)
بلند کنید (aorist indicative plural second-person)
buland kúnēd (aorist indicative plural second-person)
بلند کنند (aorist indicative plural third-person)
buland kúnand (aorist indicative plural third-person)
بلند میکنم (first-person indicative present singular)
buland mḗ-kunam (first-person indicative present singular)
بلند میکنی (indicative present second-person singular)
buland mḗ-kunī (indicative present second-person singular)
بلند میکند (indicative present singular third-person)
buland mḗ-kunad (indicative present singular third-person)
بلند میکنیم (first-person indicative plural present)
buland mḗ-kunēm (first-person indicative plural present)
بلند میکنید (indicative plural present second-person)
buland mḗ-kunēd (indicative plural present second-person)
بلند میکنند (indicative plural present third-person)
buland mḗ-kunand (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم بلند میکنم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dā́ram buland mḗ-kunam (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری بلند میکنی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dā́rī buland mḗ-kunī (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
دارد بلند میکند (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dā́rad buland mḗ-kunad (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم بلند میکنیم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dā́rēm buland mḗ-kunēm (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارید بلند میکنید (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dā́rēd buland mḗ-kunēd (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارند بلند میکنند (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dā́rand buland mḗ-kunand (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
بلند کردهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
buland kardá-am (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
بلند کردهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
buland kardá-ī (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
بلند کرده است (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
buland kardá ast (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
بلند کردهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
buland kardá-ēm (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
بلند کردهاید (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
buland kardá-ēd (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
بلند کردهاند (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
buland kardá-and (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
بلند کردم (first-person indicative past singular)
buland kárdam (first-person indicative past singular)
بلند کردی (indicative past second-person singular)
buland kárdī (indicative past second-person singular)
بلند کرد (indicative past singular third-person)
buland kard (indicative past singular third-person)
بلند کردیم (first-person indicative past plural)
buland kárdēm (first-person indicative past plural)
بلند کردید (indicative past plural second-person)
buland kárdēd (indicative past plural second-person)
بلند کردند (indicative past plural third-person)
buland kárdand (indicative past plural third-person)
بلند میکردم (first-person indicative past singular)
buland mḗ-kardam (first-person indicative past singular)
بلند میکردی (indicative past second-person singular)
buland mḗ-kardī (indicative past second-person singular)
بلند میکرد (indicative past singular third-person)
buland mḗ-kard (indicative past singular third-person)
بلند میکردیم (first-person indicative past plural)
buland mḗ-kardēm (first-person indicative past plural)
بلند میکردید (indicative past plural second-person)
buland mḗ-kardēd (indicative past plural second-person)
بلند میکردند (indicative past plural third-person)
buland mḗ-kardand (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم بلند میکردم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dā́štam buland mḗ-kardam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی بلند میکردی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dā́štī buland mḗ-kardī (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشت بلند میکرد (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dā́št buland mḗ-kard (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم بلند میکردیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dā́štēm buland mḗ-kardēm (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتید بلند میکردید (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dā́štēd buland mḗ-kardēd (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتند بلند میکردند (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dā́štand buland mḗ-kardand (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
بلند کرده بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
buland kardá bū́dam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
بلند کرده بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
buland kardá bū́dī (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
بلند کرده بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
buland kardá būd (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
بلند کرده بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
buland kardá bū́dēm (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
بلند کرده بودید (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
buland kardá bū́dēd (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
بلند کرده بودند (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
buland kardá bū́dand (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
بلند خواهم کرد (first-person future indicative singular)
buland xāhám kard (first-person future indicative singular)
بلند خواهی کرد (future indicative second-person singular)
buland xāhī́ kard (future indicative second-person singular)
بلند خواهد کرد (future indicative singular third-person)
buland xāhád kard (future indicative singular third-person)
بلند خواهیم کرد (first-person future indicative plural)
buland xāhḗm kard (first-person future indicative plural)
بلند خواهید کرد (future indicative plural second-person)
buland xāhḗd kard (future indicative plural second-person)
بلند خواهند کرد (future indicative plural third-person)
buland xāhánd kard (future indicative plural third-person)
بلند کنم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
buland kunam (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بلند کنی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
buland kunī (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بلند کند (present singular subjunctive third-person)
buland kunad (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بلند کنیم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
buland kunēm (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بلند کنید (plural present second-person subjunctive)
buland kunēd (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بلند کنند (plural present subjunctive third-person)
buland kunand (plural present subjunctive third-person)
بلند کرده باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
buland kardá bā́šam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
بلند کرده باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
buland kardá bā́šī (past second-person singular subjunctive)
بلند کرده باشد (past singular subjunctive third-person)
buland kardá bā́šad (past singular subjunctive third-person)
بلند کرده باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
buland kardá bā́šēm (first-person past plural subjunctive)
بلند کرده باشید (past plural second-person subjunctive)
buland kardá bā́šēd (past plural second-person subjunctive)
بلند کرده باشند (past plural subjunctive third-person)
buland kardá bā́šand (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بلند کن (imperative second-person singular)
buland kun (imperative second-person singular)
بلند کنید (imperative plural second-person)
buland kunēd (imperative plural second-person)
بلند کدن (infinitive)
buland kadán (infinitive)
بلند کو (present stem)
buland ku (present stem)
بلند کد (past stem)
buland kad (past stem)
بلند کننده (participle present)
buland kunindá (participle present)
بلند کده (participle past)
buland kadá (participle past)
بلند کنم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
buland kúnum (aorist first-person indicative singular)
بلند کنی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
buland kúnī (aorist indicative second-person singular)
بلند کنه (aorist indicative singular third-person)
buland kúna (aorist indicative singular third-person)
بلند کنیم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
buland kúnēm (aorist first-person indicative plural)
بلند کنین (aorist indicative plural second-person)
buland kúnēn (aorist indicative plural second-person)
بلند کنن (aorist indicative plural third-person)
buland kúnan (aorist indicative plural third-person)
بلند میکنم (first-person indicative present singular)
buland mḗ-kunum (first-person indicative present singular)
بلند میکنی (indicative present second-person singular)
buland mḗ-kunī (indicative present second-person singular)
بلند میکنه (indicative present singular third-person)
buland mḗ-kuna (indicative present singular third-person)
بلند میکنیم (first-person indicative plural present)
buland mḗ-kunēm (first-person indicative plural present)
بلند میکنین (indicative plural present second-person)
buland mḗ-kunēn (indicative plural present second-person)
بلند میکنن (indicative plural present third-person)
buland mḗ-kunan (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم بلند میکنم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dā́ram buland mḗ-kunum (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری بلند میکنی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dā́rī buland mḗ-kunī (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
داره بلند میکنه (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dā́ra buland mḗ-kuna (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم بلند میکنیم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dā́rēm buland mḗ-kunēm (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارین بلند میکنین (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dā́rēn buland mḗ-kunēn (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارن بلند میکنن (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dā́ran buland mḗ-kunan (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
بلند کدم (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
buland kadám (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
بلند کدی (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
buland kadī́ (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
بلند کداست (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
buland kadást (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
بلند کدیم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
buland kadḗm (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
بلند کدین (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
buland kadḗn (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
بلند کدن (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
buland kadán (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
بلند کدم (first-person indicative past singular)
buland kádum (first-person indicative past singular)
بلند کدی (indicative past second-person singular)
buland kádī (indicative past second-person singular)
بلند کده (indicative past singular third-person)
buland kad (indicative past singular third-person)
بلند کدیم (first-person indicative past plural)
buland kádēm (first-person indicative past plural)
بلند کدین (indicative past plural second-person)
buland kádēn (indicative past plural second-person)
بلند کدن (indicative past plural third-person)
buland kádan (indicative past plural third-person)
بلند میکدم (first-person indicative past singular)
buland mḗ-kadum (first-person indicative past singular)
بلند میکدی (indicative past second-person singular)
buland mḗ-kadī (indicative past second-person singular)
بلند میکده (indicative past singular third-person)
buland mḗ-kada (indicative past singular third-person)
بلند میکدیم (first-person indicative past plural)
buland mḗ-kadēm (first-person indicative past plural)
بلند میکدین (indicative past plural second-person)
buland mḗ-kadēn (indicative past plural second-person)
بلند میکدن (indicative past plural third-person)
buland mḗ-kadan (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم بلند میکدم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dā́štam buland mḗ-kadum (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی بلند میکدی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dā́štī buland mḗ-kadī (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشته بلند میکده (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dā́šta buland mḗ-kada (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم بلند میکدیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dā́štēm buland mḗ-kadēm (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتین بلند میکدین (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dā́štēd buland mḗ-kadē (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتن بلند میکدن (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dā́štand buland mḗ-kadan (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
بلند کده بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
buland kadá bū́dum (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
بلند کده بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
buland kadá bū́dī (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
بلند کده بوده (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
buland kadá būda (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
بلند کده بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
buland kadá bū́dēm (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
بلند کده بودین (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
buland kadá bū́dēn (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
بلند کده بودن (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
buland kadá bū́dan (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
بلند خوایم کد (first-person future indicative singular)
buland xāyyúm kad (first-person future indicative singular)
بلند خوایی کد (future indicative second-person singular)
buland xāyyī́ kad (future indicative second-person singular)
بلند خوایه کد (future indicative singular third-person)
buland xāyyá kad (future indicative singular third-person)
بلند خواییم کد (first-person future indicative plural)
buland xāyyḗm kad (first-person future indicative plural)
بلند خوایین کد (future indicative plural second-person)
buland xāyyḗn kad (future indicative plural second-person)
بلند خواین کد (future indicative plural third-person)
buland xāyyán kad (future indicative plural third-person)
بلند کنم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
buland kunum (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بلند کنی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
buland kunī (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بلند کنه (present singular subjunctive third-person)
buland kuna (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بلند کنیم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
buland kunēm (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بلند کنین (plural present second-person subjunctive)
buland kunēn (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بلند کنن (plural present subjunctive third-person)
buland kunan (plural present subjunctive third-person)
بلند کده باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
buland kadá bā́šam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
بلند کده باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
buland kadá bā́šī (past second-person singular subjunctive)
بلند کده باشه (past singular subjunctive third-person)
buland kadá bā́ša (past singular subjunctive third-person)
بلند کده باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
buland kadá bā́šēm (first-person past plural subjunctive)
بلند کده باشین (past plural second-person subjunctive)
buland kadá bā́šēn (past plural second-person subjunctive)
بلند کده باشن (past plural subjunctive third-person)
buland kadá bā́šan (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بلند کو (imperative second-person singular)
buland ku (imperative second-person singular)
بلند کنین (imperative plural second-person)
buland kunēn (imperative plural second-person)

fa-conj-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">بلند کردن</i> (boland kardán) (literary Iranian Persian)

بلند میکردیم

بلند میکردید

بلند میکردند

داشتیم بلند میکردیم

داشتم بلند میکردم

داشتید بلند میکردید

داشتی بلند میکردی

داشتند بلند میکردند

داشت بلند میکرد

داریم بلند میکنیم

دارم بلند میکنم

دارید بلند میکنید

داری بلند میکنی

دارند بلند میکنند

دارد بلند میکند

بلند کردهایم

بلند کردهاید

بلند کردهاند

بلند کرده است

بلند کرده بودیم

بلند کرده بودم

بلند کرده بودید

بلند کرده بودی

بلند کرده بودند

بلند کرده بود

بلند خواهیم کرد

بلند خواهم کرد

بلند خواهید کرد

بلند خواهی کرد

بلند خواهند کرد

بلند خواهد کرد

بلند کرده باشیم

بلند کرده باشم

بلند کرده باشید

بلند کرده باشی

بلند کرده باشند

بلند کرده باشد

fa-conj-colloq-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">بلند کردن</i> (boland kardán) (colloquial Tehrani)

بلند میکردیم

بلند میکردین

داشتیم بلند میکردیم

داشتم بلند میکردم

داشتین بلند میکردین

داشتی بلند میکردی

داشتن بلند میکردن

داشت بلند میکرد

داریم بلند میکنیم

دارم بلند میکنم

دارین بلند میکنین

داری بلند میکنی

دارن بلند میکنن

داره بلند میکنه

بلند کردهایم

بلند کردهاین

بلند کرده بودیم

بلند کرده بودم

بلند کرده بودین

بلند کرده بودی

بلند کرده بودن

بلند کرده بود

بلند کرده باشیم

بلند کرده باشم

بلند کرده باشین

بلند کرده باشی

بلند کرده باشن

بلند کرده باشه

fa-conj-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">بلند کردن</i> (buland kardán) (literary Dari Persian)

بلند میکردیم

بلند میکردید

بلند میکردند

داشتیم بلند میکردیم

داشتم بلند میکردم

داشتید بلند میکردید

داشتی بلند میکردی

داشتند بلند میکردند

داشت بلند میکرد

داریم بلند میکنیم

دارم بلند میکنم

دارید بلند میکنید

داری بلند میکنی

دارند بلند میکنند

دارد بلند میکند

بلند کردهایم

بلند کردهاید

بلند کردهاند

بلند کرده است

بلند کرده بودیم

بلند کرده بودم

بلند کرده بودید

بلند کرده بودی

بلند کرده بودند

بلند کرده بود

بلند خواهیم کرد

بلند خواهم کرد

بلند خواهید کرد

بلند خواهی کرد

بلند خواهند کرد

بلند خواهد کرد

بلند کرده باشیم

بلند کرده باشم

بلند کرده باشید

بلند کرده باشی

بلند کرده باشند

بلند کرده باشد

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">بلند کدن</i> (buland kadán) (colloquial Kabuli)

داشتیم بلند میکدیم

داشتم بلند میکدم

داشتین بلند میکدین

داشتی بلند میکدی

داشتن بلند میکدن

داشته بلند میکده

داریم بلند میکنیم

دارم بلند میکنم

دارین بلند میکنین

داری بلند میکنی

دارن بلند میکنن

داره بلند میکنه

بلند کده بودیم

بلند کده بودم

بلند کده بودین

بلند کده بودی

بلند کده بودن

بلند کده بوده

بلند خواییم کد

بلند خوایم کد

بلند خوایین کد

بلند خوایی کد

بلند خواین کد

بلند خوایه کد

بلند کده باشیم

بلند کده باشم

بلند کده باشین

بلند کده باشی

بلند کده باشن

بلند کده باشه

دشمن دانا بلندت میکند. بر زمینت میزند نادان دوست.

The wise enemy lifts you up. The ignorant friend casts you down.

došman-e dânâ bolandat mi-konad. bar zaminat mi-zanad nâdân-e dust.


مارس

head

مارس • (mârs)

fa-noun

مارس • (mârs)

Borrowed from French mars, from Old French mars, from Latin (mensis) mārtius.

(time) March (month of the Gregorian calendar)


مارس

head

مارس • (mârs)

fa-noun

مارس • (mârs)

Borrowed from French Mars, from Latin Mārs.


بازار

head

بازار • (bâzâr) (plural بازارها (bâzâr-hâ))

Tajik: бозор (bozor)

→ Arabic: بازار (bāzār)

→ Assamese: বজাৰ (bozar)

→ Azerbaijani: bazar, базар, بازار

→ Bashkir: баҙар (baźar)

→ Bengali: বাজার (bajar)

→ Danish: basar

→ Dutch: bazaar

→ Esperanto: bazaro, budaro

→ Finnish: basaari

→ French: bazar

→ Greenlandic: basaari

→ Gujarati: બજાર (bajār)

→ Hajong: বাজাৰ (bajar)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: बाज़ार (bāzār)

Urdu: بازار (bāzār)

→ Hungarian: bazár

→ Hungarian: pazarol

→ Hungarian: vásár

→ Hungarian: vasárnap

→ Serbo-Croatian: vašar, ва́шар

desctree

→ Italian: bazar
→ English: bazaar
→ Norwegian:
Norwegian Bokmål: basar
Norwegian Nynorsk: basar
→ Portuguese: bazar

→ Khalaj: bâzâr

→ Kyrgyz: базар (bazar)

→ Marathi: बाजार (bājār)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: բազար (bazar), պազար (pazar)

Armenian: բազար (bazar)

→ Nepali: बजार (bajār)

→ Odia: ବଜାର (bajāra)

→ Ottoman Turkish: بازار (bâzâr), پازار (pâzâr)

Turkish: pazar

→ Albanian: pazar

→ Bulgarian: пазар (pazar)

→ Crimean Tatar: bazar

→ Macedonian: пазар (pazar)

→ Serbo-Croatian: pàzār, па̀за̄р

→ German: Basar

→ Hungarian: bazár

→ Greek: παζάρι (pazári)

→ Punjabi: ਬਾਜਾਰ (bājār)

→ Russian: база́р (bazár)

→ Spanish: bazar

→ Swedish: basar

→ Tamil: பசார் (pacār)

desctree

→ Malay: pasar
Indonesian: pasar
→ Balinese: ᬧᬲᬃ (pasar)
→ Chinese: 巴剎／巴刹
→ Peranakan Indonesian: pasat
→ Dutch: pasar
→ Javanese: ꦥꦱꦂ (pasar)
→ Petjo: passer
→ Dutch: passer
→ Sundanese: ᮕᮞᮁ (pasar)
→ Western Cham: [script needed] (pasar)
→ Khmer: ផ្សារ (phsaa)

→ Turkmen: bazar

→ Uyghur: بازار (bazar)

→ Mandarin: 巴扎 (bāzhā)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wes-der.
Proto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.
Middle Persian wʾčʾl
Persian بازار
From Middle Persian wʾčʾl (wāzār, “market”); see it for further information.


شهر

شَهْر (canonical)
šahr (romanization)
شهرها (plural)

→ Tajik: шаҳр (šahr)

→ Azerbaijani: şəhər

→ Assamese: চহৰ (sohor)

→ Bengali: শহর (śohor)

→ Crimean Tatar: şeer

desc

→ Dhivehi: ޝަހަރު (šaharu), ސަހަރު (saharu)

→ Gujarati: શહેર (śaher)

→ Gurani: شار (şar)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: शहर (śahar)

Urdu: شَہْر (śahr)

→ Karachay-Balkar: шахар (şaxar)

→ Kazakh: шаһар (şahar)

→ Kumyk: шагьар (şahar)

→ Northern Kurdish: şar

→ Kyrgyz: шаар (şaar)

→ Marathi: शहर (śahar)

→ Nepali: सहर (sahar)

→ Ottoman Turkish: شهر (şehir) (see there for further descendants)

→ Odia: ସହର (sahara)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ਹਿਰ (śahir)

Shahmukhi script: شہر (śahir)

→ Uyghur: شەھەر (sheher)

→ Uzbek: shahar

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám
Middle Persian 𐭱𐭲𐭥𐭩 (štʿy)
Persian شهر
Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭱𐭲𐭥𐭩 (štry /šahr/) (compare Old Persian 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 (x-š-ç-m /xšaça-/)), from Proto-Iranian *xšaθram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám. Compare Pashto ښار (ẍâr), Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra) and Sanskrit क्षत्र (kṣatra).

inh+

بزرگترین شهر ایران

چو او شهر ایران به گشتاسپ داد
نیامد ترا هیچ زان تخت یاد
سوی او یکی نامه ننوشتهای
از آرایش بندگی گشتهای

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Tale of Rustam and Isfandiyār”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

When he gave the realm of Iran to Gushtāsp,
You did not remember that throne at all;
You did not write a single letter to him,
You turned away from the adornment of vassalage.

čū ō šahr-i ērān ba guštāsp dād
nay-āmad tu-rā hēč z-ān taxt yād
sōy-i ō yakē nāma na-niwišta'ī
az ārāyiš-i bandagī gašta'ī


یونان

head

یونان • (yunân)

fa-proper noun

یونان • (yunân)

→ Arabic: الْيُونَان (al-yūnān)

→ Bengali: ইউনান (iunan)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: यूनान (yūnān)

Urdu: یُونان (yunān)

→ Old Anatolian Turkish: یونان (Yunan)

Ottoman Turkish: یونان (Yunan)

Turkish: Yunan

From Old Persian 𐎹𐎢𐎴 (Yauna), from Ancient Greek Ἰωνία (Iōnía, “Ionia”).

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


نظام

head

نظام • (nezâm)

fa-noun

نظام • (nezâm)


آزاد

fa-adj

آزاد • (âzâd) (comparative آزادتَر (âzâd-tar), superlative آزادتَرین (âzâd-tarin))

âzâd (romanization)
آزادتَر (comparative)
آزادتَرین (superlative)
آزادم (first-person predicative singular)
âzâdam (first-person predicative singular)
آزادیم (first-person plural predicative)
âzâdim (first-person plural predicative)
آزادی (predicative second-person singular)
âzâdi (predicative second-person singular)
آزادید (plural predicative second-person)
âzâdid (plural predicative second-person)
آزادین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
âzâdin (plural predicative second-person)
آزاد است (predicative singular third-person)
âzâd ast (predicative singular third-person)
آزاده (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
âzâde (predicative singular third-person)
آزادند (plural predicative third-person)
âzâdand (plural predicative third-person)
آزادن (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
âzâdan (plural predicative third-person)

[ʔɔː.zɔːd̪̥]

[ʔɒː.zɒːd̪̥]

From Middle Persian ʾcʾt' (/āzād/, “noble; free”), from Old Persian *𐎠𐏀𐎠𐎫 (*a-z-a-t /āzāta-/), a northwestern borrowing from Proto-Iranian *āzāta-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬙𐬀 (āzāta, “noble”), Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫀𐫀𐫉𐫀𐫅 (ʾʾzʾd /āzād/), and Parthian 𐭀𐭆𐭀𐭕 (ʾzʾt /āzāt/, “noble”). Akin to Old Armenian ազատ (azat), Georgian აზატი (azaṭi), Iranian borrowings.
Ultimately from the past participle of Proto-Iranian *zan- (“to be born”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-, originally meaning “born (into the clan)” and, by extension, “noble” and “free”.


آزاد

head

آزاد • (âzâd)

Tajik: озод (ozod)

→ Uzbek: ozod

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܐܵܙܵܕ (āzād)

→ Azerbaijani: azad (azad)

→ Udi: азад (azad)?

→ Bengali: আজাদ (azad)

→ Crimean Tatar: azat

→ Kazakh: азат (azat)

→ Khalaj: âzâd

→ Gagauz: azat

→ Gujarati: આજાદ (ājād)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: आज़ाद (āzād)

Urdu: آزاد (āzād)

→ Udi: азад (azad)?

→ Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: ئازاد (azad)

Northern Kurdish: azad

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: آزاد (azad), ազատ (azad) — Armeno-Turkish
Turkish: azat
→ Greek: αζάτι (azáti)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਆਜ਼ਾਦ (āzād)

Shahmukhi script: آزاد (āzād)

→ Sindhi: آزاد (āzād)

→ Tatar: азат (azat)

→ Turkmen: azat

[ʔɔː.zɔːd̪̥]

[ʔɒː.zɒːd̪̥]


صفر

head

صِفْر • (sefr)


صفر

صِفْر • (sefr)

fa-noun

صِفْر • (sefr)


آدمی

head

آدمی • (âdami)

fa-noun

آدمی • (âdami)

Borrowed from Arabic آدَمِيّ (ʔādamiyy, “human being”)

bor+

آدمی مخفی است در زیر زبان
این زبان پرده است بر درگاه جان

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 845:

Man is concealed underneath his tongue:
this tongue is the curtain over the gate of the soul.

ādamī maxfī-st dar zēr-i zabān
īn zabān parda-st dar dargāh-i jān


الو

A Turkic borrowing, compare Azerbaijani alov, Uzbek olov, Turkish alev, Kazakh алау (alau).


تابوت

head

تابوت • (tâbut)

fa-noun

تابوت • (tâbut)

[t̪ʰɑː.búːt̪]

[t̪ʰɑː.búːt̪]

[t̪ʰɑː.búːt̪]

[t̪ʰɔː.bút̪]

[t̪ʰɒː.búːt̪]

یا تخت یا تابوت
yâ taxt yâ tâbut
either the throne or the coffin
(aphorism about the dangers of succession wars)


سبب

→ Gujarati: સબબ (sabab)

سبب این حادثه

سبب کاهش قیمتها

ندانم از چه سبب رنگ آشنایی نیست
سهی قدان سیه چشم ماه سیما را

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 4”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divan of Hafez]:

I do not know for what reason there is no hue of recognition from these ones standing tall, with black eyes and moon-like faces.

na-dânam az če sabab rang-e âšenâyi nist
sahi qaddân-e siyah čašm-e mâh simâ râ


انگریز

head

انگریز • (angrēz)

fa-noun

انگریز • (angrēz)

Borrowed from Hindustani اَن٘گْریز (aṅgrez) / अंग्रेज़ (aṅgrez), from Portuguese inglês, from Old French angleis, from Old English Englisċ.


عورت

→ Azerbaijani: övrət

→ Bengali: অওরত (oōrot)

→ Garhwali: औरत (aurat)

→ Gujarati: ઓરત (orat)

→ Old Hindi:

Devanagari script: औरत (aurata)

desctree

Arabic script: عَورَت ('vrt)
Braj: औरत (aurat)
Bundeli: औरत (aurat)
Hindustani:
Hindi: औरत (aurat)
Urdu: عَورَت (‘aurat)
Kannauji: अउरत, औरत

→ Ottoman Turkish: عورت

Turkish: avrat

Punjabi: ਅਉਰਤ (aurat)

→ Sindhi: aurata

Arabic script: عَوْرَتَ

Devanagari script: औरत

Khudabadi script: 𑊹𑋙𑋍

→ Uzbek: avrat

(Islam) the pudenda or pudendum, the privy parts; nakedness


کا

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

کاکا کاکا#Persian


پر

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/purr/), from Proto-Iranian *pr̥Hnáh (compare Northern Kurdish pirr (“much, very, many”), Central Kurdish پڕ (pirr, “full”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hnás (compare Old Avestan 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (pər^əna), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (compare Russian по́лный (pólnyj), Lithuanian pilnas, Italian pieno, Welsh llawn, English full).


پر

→ Khalaj: pər

From Proto-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-Iranian *parnám, from Proto-Indo-European *pornóm (“feather, wing”), from *perH- (“to fly”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (par^əna, “feather”), Sanskrit पर्ण (parṇá, “feather”), Lithuanian spar̃nas (“wing”), Old Church Slavonic перо (pero, “wing, feather”), Albanian fier (“fern”), English fern.


پر

پریدن پریدن#Persian


کالا

حمل و نقل کالا

سواران جنگی همی تاختند
به کالا گرفتن نپرداختند

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The reign of Gushtāsp”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

The riders were charging for a battle;
They did not set themselves to taking spoils.

sawārān jangē hamē-tāxtand
ba kālā giriftan na-pardāxtand


پ

From ب (b) with three dots instead of one, added to the Arabic alphabet in the creation of the Perso-Arabic script in order to accommodate the /p/ phoneme of Persian missing from Arabic.

بای فارسی
بای فارسی#Persian

The third letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. Its names are په (pe), پِ (pe), and بای فارسی (bâ-ye fârsi, “the Persian ب bāʾ”).

Arabic alphabet
Perso-Arabic script
fa:پ

چ

Other letters created for the Perso-Arabic script


سیب

→ Bengali: সেব (Seb)

desc

→ Gujarati: સેબ (seb), સેપ (sep), સેવ (sev)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: सेब (seb)

Urdu: سیب (seb)

→ Khalaj: sîb

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸੇਬ (seb)

Shahmukhi script: سیب (seb)

→ Kannada: (via Indo-Aryan) ಸೇಬು (sēbu)

From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭰 (sēb), from Proto-Iranian *cáywaH. Compare Sanskrit सेवि (sevi), which may be a borrowing from Iranian.


دیش

دیش ماهواره
دیش ماهواره#Persian

Short for دیش ماهواره (diš-e mâhvâre, “satellite dish”).


چپاتی

head

چپاتی • (čapâti)

fa-noun

چپاتی • (čapâti)

[t͡ʃʰä.pʰɑː.t̪ʰíː]

[t͡ʃʰä.pʰɑː.t̪ʰíː]

[t͡ʃʰä.pʰɑː.t̪ʰíː]

[t͡ʃʰä.pʰɔː.t̪ʰí]

[t͡ʃʰæ.pʰɒː.t̪ʰíː]

[t͡ʃʰä.pʰɔ.t̪ʰí]


موتر

head

موتر • (môtar) (plural موترها (môtar-hâ))


گوشت

گوشْت • (gušt)

fa-noun

گوشْت • (gušt)

Assamese: গোছ (güs)

Hindi: गोश्त (gośt)

Bengali: গোশত (gośto)/গোশ (goś)

→ Gujarati: ગોશ્ત (gośt), ગોસ (gos)

Kyrgyz: гөш (göş)

Punjabi: ਗੋਸ਼ਤ (gośt) / گوشت (gośt)

Urdu: گوشت (gośt)

Chagatai: گوشت (gošt)

Uyghur: گۆش (gösh)

Uzbek: goʻsht

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwšt' /gōšt/, “meat, flesh”), from Proto-Iranian *gawštaH. See it for more.


میزان

head

میزان • (mizân)

fa-noun

میزان • (mizân)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: मीज़ान (mīzān)

Urdu: میزان (mīzān)

→ Uzbek: mezon

میزان رشد

میزان درآمد او

میزان ازدواج کل کشور


میزان

head

میزان • (mizân)

fa-proper noun

میزان • (mizân)

(Dari and dated elsewhere) Mizan, the seventh month of the solar Persian calendar.

برج میزان
برج میزان#Persian

Short for برج میزان (borz-e mizân, “the constellation Libra”).


ترازو

head

ترازو • (tarâzu)

fa-noun

ترازو • (tarâzu)

→ Azerbaijani: tərəzi

→ Chagatai: ترازو (tarāzū)

Uyghur: تارازا (taraza)

Uzbek: tarozi

→ Kazakh: таразы (tarazy)

→ Bengali: তরাজূ (tôrazū)

→ Chechen: терза (terza)

→ Chuvash: тараса (taras̬a)

→ Crimean Tatar: teraze

→ Georgian: თარაზო (tarazo)

→ Gujarati: ત્રાજવું (trājvũ)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: तराज़ू (tarāzū)

Urdu: ترازو (tarāzū)

→ Tamil: தராசு (tarācu)

→ Ingush: тараз (taraz)

→ Khmer: ត្រាជូ (traacuu)

→ Kumyk: терезе (tereze)

→ Kurdish:

Northern Kurdish: terazî

Central Kurdish: تەرازوو (terazû)

→ Classical Malay: تراجو (teraju)

Indonesian: teraju

Malay: teraju

→ Marathi: तराजू (tarājū)

→ Nepali: तराजु (tarāju)

→ Odia: ତରାଜୁ (tarāju)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: taraju, traju
> Javanese: ꦠꦿꦗꦸ (traju) (inherited)

→ Ottoman Turkish: ترازو (terazu)

Turkish: terazi

→ Macedonian: терезија (terezija)

→ Serbo-Croatian: теразије, terazije

→ Telugu: తరాజు (tarāju)

→ Thai: ตราชู (dtraa-chuu)

→ Ukrainian: терези (terezy)

[t̪ʰä.ɾɑː.zúː]

[t̪ʰä.ɾɑː.zúː]

[t̪ʰä.ɾɑː.zúː]

[t̪ʰä.ɾɔː.zú]

[t̪ʰæ.ɹɒː.zúː]

[t̪ʰä.ɾɔ.zú]

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/tarāzūg/, “scales”) (compare Parthian [script needed] (talāzūg)), borrowed from Avestan 𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬀.𐬀𐬰𐬎 (tara.azu). Compare Sanskrit तुला (tulā).

inh

اندر آن کفهی ترازو ز اعتداد، او به جای سنگ آن گل را نهاد.

He placed the clay, because of its being ready [to his hand], in one scale of the balance instead of the [proper] weight.

andar ân kaffe-ye tarâzu z-e'tedâd, u be jâ-ye sang ân gel-râ nehâd.


فضاپیما

head

فضاپیما • (fazâpeymâ) (plural فضاپیماها (fazâpeymâ-hâ))

fazâpeymâ (romanization)
فضاپیماها (plural)


۱۰

previous: ۹

next: ۱۱


۴

۴ - چهار (canonical)
ćáhār (romanization)


۶

۶ - شش (canonical)
šeš (romanization)
šiš (romanization)


چینی

fa-adj

چینی • (čini)

[t͡ʃʰiː.níː]

[t͡ʃʰiː.níː]

[t͡ʃʰiː.níː]

[t͡ʃʰiː.níː]

زبان چینی


چینی

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: چینی (çini)
Turkish: çini

[t͡ʃʰiː.níː]

[t͡ʃʰiː.níː]

[t͡ʃʰiː.níː]

[t͡ʃʰiː.níː]


تمساح

head

تمساح • (temsâh) (plural تمساحها (temsâh-hâ))

temsâh (romanization)
تمساحها (plural)
تمساح (singular)
temsâh (singular)
تمساحها (plural)
temsâh-hấ (plural)
تمساحا (colloquial plural)
temsâhấ (plural)
تمساح را (definite direct-object singular)
temsâh râ (definite direct-object singular)
تمساح رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
temsâho (definite direct-object singular)
تمساحها را (definite direct-object plural)
temsâh-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
تمساحا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
temsâhấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
تمساح (ezafe singular)
temsâh-e (ezafe singular)
تمساحهای (ezafe plural)
temsâh-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
تمساحای (colloquial ezafe plural)
temsâhấ-ye (ezafe plural)
تمساحی (definite relative singular)
تمساحی (indefinite singular stressed)
temsâh-i (definite relative singular)
temsâh-i (indefinite singular stressed)
تمساحهایی (definite plural relative)
تمساحهایی (indefinite plural stressed)
temsâhấn-i, temsâh-hấ-i (definite plural relative)
temsâhấn-i, temsâh-hấ-i (indefinite plural stressed)
تمساحایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
تمساحایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
temsâhấi (definite plural relative)
temsâhấi (indefinite plural stressed)
تمساحم (first-person possessive singular)
temsâham (first-person possessive singular)
تمساحهایم (first-person possessive singular)
temsâh-hấyam (first-person possessive singular)
تمساحهام، تمساحام (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
temsâhấm (first-person possessive singular)
تمساحت (possessive second-person singular)
temsâhat (possessive second-person singular)
Term? (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
temsâhet (possessive second-person singular)
تمساحهایت (possessive second-person singular)
temsâh-hấyat (possessive second-person singular)
تمساحهات، تمساحات (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
temsâhất (possessive second-person singular)
تمساحش (possessive singular third-person)
temsâhaš (possessive singular third-person)
Term? (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
temsâheš (possessive singular third-person)
تمساحهایش (possessive singular third-person)
temsâh-hấyaš (possessive singular third-person)
تمساحهاش، تمساحاش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
temsâhấš (possessive singular third-person)
تمساحمان (first-person plural possessive)
temsâhemân (first-person plural possessive)
تمساحمون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
temsâhemun (first-person plural possessive)
تمساحهایمان (first-person plural possessive)
temsâh-hấyemân (first-person plural possessive)
تمساحهامون، تمساحامون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
temsâhấmun (first-person plural possessive)
تمساحتان (plural possessive second-person)
temsâhetân (plural possessive second-person)
تمساحتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
temsâhetun (plural possessive second-person)
تمساحهایتان (plural possessive second-person)
temsâh-hấyetân (plural possessive second-person)
تمساحهاتون، تمساحاتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
temsâhấtun (plural possessive second-person)
تمساحشان (plural possessive third-person)
temsâhešân (plural possessive third-person)
تمساحشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
temsâhešun (plural possessive third-person)
تمساحهایشان (plural possessive third-person)
temsâh-hấyešân (plural possessive third-person)
تمساحهاشون، تمساحاشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
temsâhấšun (plural possessive third-person)
تمساحم (first-person predicative singular)
temsâham (first-person predicative singular)
تمساحیم (first-person plural predicative)
temsâhim (first-person plural predicative)
تمساحی (predicative second-person singular)
temsâhi (predicative second-person singular)
تمساحید (plural predicative second-person)
temsâhid (plural predicative second-person)
تمساحین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
temsâhin (plural predicative second-person)
تمساح است (predicative singular third-person)
temsâh ast (predicative singular third-person)
تمساحه (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
temsâhe (predicative singular third-person)
تمساحند (plural predicative third-person)
temsâhand (plural predicative third-person)
تمساحن (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
temsâhan (plural predicative third-person)

[t̪ʰɪm.sɑːʱ]

[t̪ʰɪm.sɑːʱ]


أ

The first letter of the Persian alphabet.


ترگمان

[t̪ʰäɾ.ɡʊ.mɑ́ːn]

[t̪ʰäɾ.ɡʊ.mɑ́ːn]

[t̪ʰäɾ.ɡʊ.mɑ́ːn]

[t̪ʰäɾ.ɡu.mɔ́ːn]

[t̪ʰæɹ.ɡo.mɒ́ːn]

From Middle Persian tlgmʾn' (targumān, “interpreter”) (Manichaean Middle Persian trkwmʾn (tarkumān)), from Old Persian [Term?], from Akkadian 𒅴𒁄 (/targumannu, turgumannu/, “interpreter”); for more see ت ر ج م (t-r-j-m).


ناقوس

head

ناقوس • (nâqus) (plural ناقوسها (nâqus-hâ))


سوری

Borrowed from Iranian with suffix ـی (-i) attached, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *cuxráh (“red”). Doublet of سرخ (sorx) which was inherited. Compare Central Kurdish سوور (sûr, “red”), Pashto سور (sur, “red”), Northern Luri سور (sur, “red”).

تجلی گر نگردی رنگ این می در گل سوری
ز عشقش روز و شب افغان نکردی بلبل شیدا

c. 1911, Mohammad Hossein Âğuli Torki-ye Shirâzi, دیوان ترکی شیرازی:

Had the hue of this wine not been manifest in the red rose,
The frenzied nightingale would not cry out day and night out of love for it.

tajalli gar na-gardi rang-e in mey dar gol-e suri
ze ešq-aš ruz o šab afğân na-kardi bolbol-e šeydâ


سوری

From سور (sur, “nuptials, banquet, entertainment”) + ـی (-i).

af

سور
<t:nuptials, banquet, entertainment>

hanger-on, person fond of feasting or dinner-hunting


واجب

fa-adj

واجب • (vâjeb)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਵਾਜਬ (vājab)

Shahmukhi script: واجب (vājab)

[wɑː.ˈd͡ʒiβ]

[wɑː.d͡ʒɪ́b]

[wɑː.d͡ʒɪ́b]

[wɑː.d͡ʒɪ́b]

[wɔː.d͡ʒíb̥]

[vɒː.d͡ʒéb̥]


واجب

head

واجب • (vâjeb)

fa-noun

واجب • (vâjeb)

[wɑː.ˈd͡ʒiβ]

[wɑː.d͡ʒɪ́b]

[wɑː.d͡ʒɪ́b]

[wɑː.d͡ʒɪ́b]

[wɔː.d͡ʒíb̥]

[vɒː.d͡ʒéb̥]


مفتوح

[mäf.t̪ʰúːʱ]

[mäf.t̪ʰúːʱ]

[mæf.t̪ʰúːʰ]

[mäf.t̪ʰɵ́ʰ]

آقای زیباکلام سه پرونده قضائی مفتوح داشت. اتهام او در پرونده اول و دوم «فعالیت تبلیغی علیه نظام» و در پرونده سوم، «نشر مطالب خلاف واقع» بود.

2024 May 12, “«چرا شما را نمیگیرن؟»؛ صادق زیباکلام زندانی شد”, in bbc.com/persian, BBC Persian:

Mr. Zibakalam had three open legal cases. In the first and second cases, he was accused of "propaganda activity against the system," and in the third, of "dissemination of topics contrary to fact."

âqâ-ye zibâkalâm se parvande-ye qazâ'i-ye maftuh dâšt. ettehâm-e u dar parvande-ye avval o dovvom "fa'âliyat-e tabliği aleyh-e nezâm" va dar parvande-ye sevvom, "našr-e matâleb-e xelâf-e vâqe'" bud.


زائر

head

زائر • (zâ'er) (plural زائران (zâ'erân))


فوق

فوق تصور من بود.


مختلف

fa-adj

مُختَلِف • (moxtalef) (comparative مُختَلِفتَر (moxtalef-tar), superlative مُختَلِفتَرین (moxtalef-tarin))

مُختَلِف (canonical)
moxtalef (romanization)
مُختَلِفتَر (comparative)
مُختَلِفتَرین (superlative)

Borrowed from Arabic مُخْتَلِف (muḵtalif).

bor+

عقاید مختلف

صورتهای مختلف ماه

انواع مختلف کفش


مجنون

head

مجنون • (majnun) (plural مجنونها (majnun-hâ) or مجنونان (majnunân))

majnun (romanization)
مجنونها (plural)
مجنونان (plural)


مجنون

fa-adj

مجنون • (majnun) (comparative مجنونتَر (majnun-tar), superlative مجنونتَرین (majnun-tarin))

majnun (romanization)
مجنونتَر (comparative)
مجنونتَرین (superlative)
مجنون (singular)
majnun (singular)
مجنونها (plural)
majnun-hấ (plural)
مجنونا (colloquial plural)
majnunấ (plural)
مجنون را (definite direct-object singular)
majnun râ (definite direct-object singular)
مجنون رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
majnuno (definite direct-object singular)
مجنونها را (definite direct-object plural)
majnun-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
مجنونا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
majnunấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
مجنون (ezafe singular)
majnun-e (ezafe singular)
مجنونهای (ezafe plural)
majnun-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
مجنونای (colloquial ezafe plural)
majnunấ-ye (ezafe plural)
مجنونی (definite relative singular)
مجنونی (indefinite singular stressed)
majnun-i (definite relative singular)
majnun-i (indefinite singular stressed)
مجنونهایی (definite plural relative)
مجنونهایی (indefinite plural stressed)
majnunấn-i, majnun-hấ-i (definite plural relative)
majnunấn-i, majnun-hấ-i (indefinite plural stressed)
مجنونایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
مجنونایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
majnunấi (definite plural relative)
majnunấi (indefinite plural stressed)
مجنونم (first-person predicative singular)
majnunam (first-person predicative singular)
مجنونیم (first-person plural predicative)
majnunim (first-person plural predicative)
مجنونی (predicative second-person singular)
majnuni (predicative second-person singular)
مجنونید (plural predicative second-person)
majnunid (plural predicative second-person)
مجنونین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
majnunin (plural predicative second-person)
مجنون است (predicative singular third-person)
majnun ast (predicative singular third-person)
مجنونه (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
majnune (predicative singular third-person)
مجنونند (plural predicative third-person)
majnunand (plural predicative third-person)
مجنونن (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
majnunan (plural predicative third-person)


مشروع

مشروع • (mašru')

آیا شهروندان ایرانی جمهوری اسلامی را حکومتی مشروع میدانند؟

Do Iranian citizens consider the Islamic Republic to be a legitimate government?

âyâ šahrvandân-e irâni jomhuri-ye eslâmi râ hokumati mašru' mi-dânand?

(Islamic jurisprudence) in compliance with Islamic law


خاص

خاص • (xâss) (comparative خاصتَر (xâss-tar), superlative خاصتَرین (xâss-tarin))

xâss (romanization)
خاصتَر (comparative)
خاصتَرین (superlative)

Etymology tree
Arabic خَصَّ (ḵaṣṣa)
Arabic خَاصّ (ḵāṣṣ)bor.
Persian خاصBorrowed from Arabic خَاصّ (ḵāṣṣ).


ناف

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃nebʰ- (“navel”). Compare Avestan 𐬥𐬁𐬟𐬋 (nāfō), Sanskrit नाभि (nābhi), English navel.


صباح

head

صباح • (sabâh)


صباح

صباح • (sabâh)

fa-noun

صباح • (sabâh)

(chiefly Dari or Eastern Iran, typically colloquial) tomorrow


شمال

head

شمال • (šomâl)

fa-noun

شمال • (šomâl)


دور

From Proto-Iranian *duHráh (“far”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *duHrás (“far”). Cognate with Central Kurdish دوور (dûr, “far, distant”), Pashto لرې (lëre, “distant”), Sanskrit दूर (dūra, “distant, remote”), Avestan 𐬛𐬏𐬭𐬁𐬝 (dūrāt̰, “from afar”), Ancient Greek δηρός (dērós, “long”), Latin dūrus, Old Armenian երկար (erkar, “long, extended”).


دور

→ Azerbaijani: dur

→ Ottoman Turkish: دور (dur)


مهندس

head

مهندس • (mohandes) (plural مهندسان (mohandesân) or مهندسین (mohandesin) or مهندسها (mohandes-hâ))

mohandes (romanization)
مهندسان (plural)
مهندسین (plural)
مهندسها (plural)

Borrowed from Arabic مُهَنْدِس (muhandis) (see there for further information), ultimately from Middle Persian handʾc- (handāz-), hndʾhtn' (handāxtan, “to plan, allot, reckon, judge”), or hndʾck' (handāzag, “measure, manner”)

bor+

مهندس پارسا
mohandes-e pârsâ
Mr. Parsa

(informal, chiefly Iran, as a title of respect) Used to describe one who is educated; Dr., Mr., Sir, Lord.

Rumi, Fihi Ma Fihi


جامع

fa-adj

جامع • (jâme') (comparative جامعتَر (jâme'-tar), superlative جامعتَرین (jâme'-tarin))

jâme' (romanization)
جامعتَر (comparative)
جامعتَرین (superlative)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: जामे (jāme)

Urdu: جامِع (jāmi')

[d͡ʒɑː.me̞ʔ]

[d͡ʒɑː.me̞ʔ]

Borrowed from Arabic جَامِع (jāmiʕ), from جَمَعَ (jamaʕa).

etymon

(Islam) (of a mosque) congregational or public


شاهد

head

شاهد • (šâhed) (plural شاهدان (šâhedân) or شاهدها (šâhed-hâ) or شاهدین (šâhedin))

šâhed (romanization)
شاهدان (plural)
شاهدها (plural)
شاهدین (plural)
šâhed (romanization)
شواهد (plural)

→ Bashkir: шаһит (şahit)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: शाहिद (śāhid)

Urdu: شاہد (śāhid)

→ Pashto: شاهد (šāhéd)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ਾਹਦ (śāhad)

Shahmukhi script: شاہد (śāhid)

→ Uzbek: shohid

Borrowed from Arabic شاهِد (šāhid, “witness”).

bor+

قاضی به دو شاهد بدهد فتوی شرع
در مذهب عشق شاهدی بس باشد

c. 1260, Saʿdī, “Rubaʿī 44”, in دیوان سعدی [The Divān of Saʿdī]:

The qadi gives the Holy Law's fatwa on [the word of] two witnesses;
In the doctrine of love, one beloved should be enough.

qāzī ba du šāhid bidahad fatwā-yi šar'
dar mazhab-i išq šāhidē bas bāšad

(archaic, literature) beauty; beautiful person; the beloved (so beautiful that their physical beauty illuminates or "testifies" to the beauty of God)

example; exemplary quotation (e.g. in a dictionary)

شواهد کافی نیست.

(pluralia tantum) evidence; always as the plural شواهد.

A non-human:
evidence; always as the plural شواهد.

شواهد شواهد#Persian


شاهد

fa-adj

شاهد • (šâhed)


گل

→ Arabic: جُلّ (jull)

→ Azerbaijani: gül

→ Bashkir: гөл (göl)

→ Bengali: গুল (gul)

→ Chagatai:

> Uyghur: گۈل (gül) (inherited)

> Uzbek: gul (inherited)

→ Gilaki: گل (gul)

→ Gujarati: ગુલ (gul)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: गुल (gul)

Urdu: گل (gul)

→ Ishkashimi: gul

→ Kashmiri: गुल (gul)

→ Kazakh: гүл (gül)

→ Khalaj: gul

→ Kyrgyz: гүл (gül)

→ Mandaic: ࡂࡅࡋ

→ Northern Kurdish: gul

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: گل (gül)
Turkish: gül
→ Armenian: կիւլ (kiwl), գյուլ (gyul)
→ Laz: გჲული (gyuli), ჯული (culi) — Okordule
→ Macedonian: ѓул (ǵul)
→ Romanian: ghiul
→ Serbo-Croatian: ђул／đul
→ Albanian: gjylë

→ Parachi: ګل (gul)

→ Pashto: ګل (gul)

→ Punjabi: ਗੁਲ (gul) / گل (gul)

→ Sanglechi: gɛl

→ Sarikoli: gəl

→ Shahmirzadi: [script needed] (gel)

→ Shughni: гул (gul)

→ Sindhi: گل (gulu)

→ Turkmen: gül

→ Wakhi: gul, gыl

→ Yazghulami: г̊ол (g̊ol)

→ Yidgha: گل (gul)

fa:گل (گیاه)

From late Middle Persian gwl (gul, “rose, flower”), from Old Persian *vr̥dah.

der

زن شیر از آن نامه شهریار
 چو رخشنده گل شد به وقت بهار

940-1020, فردوسی [firdawsī], شهنامه [šahnāma]:

صبحدم مرغ سحر با گل نوخاسته گفت
 ناز کم کن که در این باغ بسی چون تو شکفت

1325-1389, حافظ [hāfiz], دیوان حافظ [dēwān-i hāfiz]:

the core of a watermelon (which is the sweetest part)


گل

→ Gujarati: ગિલ (gil)


حزب الله

From Arabic حِزْبُ ٱللّٰه (ḥizbu llāh, “party of God”).

uder

حِزْبُ ٱللّٰه

حزبالله حزبالله#Persian


وقت

head

وقت • (vaqt) (plural وقتها (vaqt-hâ) or اوقات (owqât))

vaqt (romanization)
وقتها (plural)
اوقات (plural)

Borrowed from Arabic وَقْت (waqt), itself suggested to be borrowed by Arabic from Iranic, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g- (“to divide, distribute, allot”).

der

برای خواندن همه این کتابها وقت ندارم.

I do not have time to read all of these books.

barâ-ye xândan-e hame-ye in ketâb-hâ vaqt na-dâram.

تنهایی، موضوعی است که کمتر مطرح میشود و بیشتر اوقات درباره آن بحث و گفتگو نمیکنیم.

2023 October 1, “چرا تنهاییم و با تنهایی چه کنیم؟”, in bbc.com/persian, BBC Persian:

Loneliness is a topic which is rarely brought forth, and most of the time, we do not discuss or make conversation about it.

tanhâyi, mowzu'i ast ke kamtar matrah mi-šavad va bištar-e owqât darbâre-ye ân bahs va goftogu ne-mi-konim.


منزل

head

مَنزِل • (manzel) (plural مَنازِل (manâzel) or منزلها (manzel-hâ))

مَنزِل (canonical)
manzel (romanization)
مَنازِل (plural)
منزلها (plural)

→ Assamese: মঞ্জিল (moñzil)

→ Bajjika:

Devanagari script: मंजिल

Kaithi script: 𑂧𑂁𑂔𑂱𑂪

→ Bengali: মঞ্জিল (monjil)

→ Garhwali: मंजिल (mañjil)

→ Gujarati: મંજિલ (mañjil)

desctree

→ Old Hindi: مَنْزِل (mnzl)
Braj: मंजिल (mañjil)
Hindustani: manzil
Hindi: मंज़िल
Urdu: مَنْزِل
Kannauji: मंजिल

→ Kumaoni: मंजिल

→ Magahi:

Devanagari script: मंजिल (mañjil)

Kaithi script: 𑂧𑂁𑂔𑂱𑂪 (mañjil)

→ Maithili: mañjil

Devanagari script: मञ्जिल

Tirhuta script: 𑒧𑒘𑓂𑒖𑒱𑒪

→ Malayalam: മഞ്ചല് (mañcal)

→ Marwari:

desc

Devanagari script: मंजल (mañjal), मंजिल (mañjil)

Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅧𑅛𑅮 (mnjl), 𑅬𑅧𑅛𑅑𑅮 (mnjil)

→ Punjabi: manzal, manzil

Gurmukhi script: ਮੰਜ਼ਲ, ਮੰਜ਼ਿਲ

Shahmukhi script: مَنْزِل, مَنْزَل

→ Sindhi: manzila

Arabic script: مَنْزِلَ

Devanagari script: मंज़िल

Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋟𑋂𑋩𑋡𑋚

→ Tamil: மஞ்சில் (mañcil)

→ Uzbek: manzil

مدرسه در منزل ― madrese dar manzel ― homeschooling

منزلتان کجاست؟

اجاره بهای منزل

در منزل آسایش کردم.

temporary stop for travellers; lodging house, way station


ط

head

ط / ط / ط / ط

ط / ط / ط / ط • (tâ)

The nineteenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ض and followed by ظ. Its name is طا.


قلم

قَلَم • (qalam) (plural قلمها (qalam-hâ) or اقلام (aqlâm))

قَلَم (canonical)
qalam (romanization)
قلمها (plural)
اقلام (plural)

Borrowed from Arabic قَلَم (qalam), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed”).

گویی که هست شعله تیغ زبان من
آهم که پای لوح و قلم را قلم کند

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 159:

The sigh which breaks the base of the tablet and the reed pen [because the sigh of love cannot be written down]
Is as if it were a spark from the blade of my tongue.

gōyē ki hast ša'la-yi tēğ-i zabān-i man
āham ki pā-yi lawh u qalam rā qalam kunad

چندین قلم جنس در مغازه داریم.

We have various kinds of articles (or goods) in our store.


ث

ث / ث / ث / ث

The fifth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ت and followed by ج. Its name is ثه or ثِ.


ک

ک / کـ / ـکـ / ـک

ک / کـ / ـکـ / ـک • (kâf)

کـ (canonical)
ـکـ (canonical)
ـک (canonical)
kâf (romanization)

The twenty-fifth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ق and followed by گ. Its name is کاف.


خ

خ / خ / خ / خ

The ninth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ح and followed by د.


ظ

ظ / ظ / ظ / ظ

The twentieth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ط and followed by ع. Its name is ظا.


ذ

From the Arabic letter of the same form, with the phonetic value [ð].

The eleventh letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. Its name is ذال (zâl).


لله

A nursery word probably originally referring to brothers or friend; compare Persian لالا (lālā, “brother”), Baluchi لالا (lálá, “brother”), Pashto لالا (lālā, term used to address an elder brother), Punjabi لالا (lālā, term used to address an elder brother).


ز

head

ﺯ / ﺯ / ﺰ / ﺰ

ﺯ (canonical)
ﺰ (canonical)
ze (romanization)

The thirteenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ر and followed by ژ. Its name is زه or زِ.


ز

زش/زو چه خواهی؟
Zeš/zaš/zu če xâhi?
What do you want from him?.
زش ز او پاسخ دهم اندر نهان؛ زش بپنداری میان مردمان


گ

گ / ﮔ / ﮕ / ﮓ

ﮔ (canonical)
ﮕ (canonical)
ﮓ (canonical)
gâf (romanization)

The twenty-sixth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ک and followed by ل. Its name is گاف.


غ

غ / غ / غ / غ

The twenty-second letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ع and followed by ف. Its name is غین.


ح

حـ / ـحـ / ـح / ح

حـ / ـحـ / ـح / ح • (h)

حـ (canonical)
ـحـ (canonical)
ـح (canonical)
h (romanization)

The eighth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by چ and followed by خ. Its name is حِ (he) or حی (hē).


ص

ص / ص / ص / ص

صواد صواد#Persian

The seventeenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ش and followed by ض. Its name in Iranian Persian is صاد, in Dari its name is صواد.


ی

ی / ﻳ / ﻴ / ﯽ

ﻳ (canonical)
ﻴ (canonical)
ﯽ (canonical)
ye (romanization)

Earlier version of ي (y) without إِعْجَام (ʔiʕjām, “letter dots”) in the final form.

The thirty-second and final letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ه. Its name is یه (ye), یی (yē) or یا (yâ).


د

The tenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by خ and followed by ذ. Its name is دال.


ریال

ریال • (riyâl)

fa-noun

ریال • (riyâl)

Compare Arabic ريال and Ottoman Turkish ریال, both from Spanish real.


س

head

ﺱ / ﺳ / ﺴ / ﺲ

ﺱ (canonical)
ﺳ (canonical)
ﺴ (canonical)
ﺲ (canonical)
sin (romanization)

The fifteenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ژ and followed by ش. Its name is سین.


ق

ق / قـ / ـقـ / ـق

ق / قـ / ـقـ / ـق • (qâf)

قـ (canonical)
ـقـ (canonical)
ـق (canonical)
qâf (romanization)

The twenty-fourth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ف and followed by ک. Its name is قاف.


ف

ف / ف / ف / ف

The twenty-third letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by غ and followed by ق. Its name is فه or فِ.


ض

ض / ض / ض / ض

ضوات ضوات#Persian

ضواد ضواد#Persian

The eighteenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ص and followed by ط. Its name is ضاد (zâd), In Dari it may also go by the names ضوات (zwât) and ضواد (zwâd, zwâd).


ن

ن / نـ / ـنـ / ـن

ن / نـ / ـنـ / ـن • (nun)

نـ (canonical)
ـنـ (canonical)
ـن (canonical)
nun (romanization)

The twenty-ninth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by م and followed by و. Its name is نون.


ش

The sixteenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by س and followed by ص. Its name is شین.


ج

ج / جـ / ـجـ / ـج

ج / جـ / ـجـ / ـج • (jîm)

جـ (canonical)
ـجـ (canonical)
ـج (canonical)
jîm (romanization)

The sixth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ث and followed by چ. Its name is جیم.


فجر

→ Urdu: فجر (fajr)


ه

ه / هـ / ـهـ / ـه

ه / هـ / ـهـ / ـه • (he)

هـ (canonical)
ـهـ (canonical)
ـه (canonical)
he (romanization)

The thirty-first letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by و and followed by ی. Its name is هه/هِ (in Iran) or هی (Classical Persian and Dari).


ع

عـ / ـعـ / ـع / ع

عـ (canonical)
ـعـ (canonical)
ـع (canonical)
'ayn (romanization)
'eyn (romanization)

The twenty-first letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ظ and followed by غ. Its name is عین.


محمد

→ Bengali: মুহাম্মদ (muhammod)

→ Dhivehi: މުޙައްމަދ (muḥammad)

→ Gujarati: મુહંમદ (muhammad)

→ Hindustani:

desc

→ Hindi: मोहम्मद (mohammad), मुहम्मद (muhammad)

→ Urdu: مُحَمَّد (muhammad)

→ Kannada: ಮುಹಮ್ಮದ್ (muhammad)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੁਹੰਮਦ (muhammad)

Shahmukhi script: مُحَمَّد (muḥammad)

→ Sindhi: مُحَمَّد

→ Sindhi: مُحَمَّد

→ Telugu: మహమ్మద్ (mahammad)

Borrowed from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).

bor+

Baháʼí Baháʼí

(Islam, uncountable) Muhammad (the figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís)

(Islam, uncountable) Muhammad (the 47th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an)

a male given name, Muhammad, Mohammed, or Mohammad, from Arabic


م

head

م / مـ / ـمـ / ـم

م / مـ / ـمـ / ـم • (mim)

مـ (canonical)
ـمـ (canonical)
ـم (canonical)
mim (romanization)

The twenty-eighth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by ل and followed by ن. Its name is میم (mim).


مکتب

مکتب • (maktab) (plural مکتبها (maktab-hâ) or مکاتب (makâteb))

maktab (romanization)
مکتبها (plural)
مکاتب (plural)

من بدون خواهرم به مکتب نمیروم. (Dari)

I'm not going to school without my sister.

man bidûn-i xâhar-am ba maktab na-mê-rawam.

مکتب کنفوسیوس

the Confucian school; Confucian ideology

مکتب فرانکفورت


جهنم

جَهَنَّم (canonical)
jahannam (romanization)

→ Bengali: জাহান্নাম (jahannam)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜਹੰਨਮ (jahannam)

Shahmukhi script: جہنم (jahannam)

→ Hindustani:

desc

Hindi: जहन्नुम (jahannum), जहन्नम (jahannam)

Urdu: جَہَنُّم (jahannum), جَہَنَّم (jahannam)

Borrowed from Arabic جَهَنَّم (jahannam), from Hebrew גֵּיהִנּוֹם (gehinóm), from גַּיא בֶּן הִנֹּם (ge ben hinnom, “Valley of Hinnom”).


ل

head

ل / لـ / ـلـ / ـل

ل / لـ / ـلـ / ـل • (lâm)

لـ (canonical)
ـلـ (canonical)
ـل (canonical)
lâm (romanization)

The twenty-seventh letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by گ and followed by م. Its name is لام.


کو

مدادت کو؟

مرده کو؟ (colloquial)

بعد از آن گفتند ای مادر بیا / گور بابا کو تو ما را ره نما

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 1174:

Afterwards they said, "Come, O mother, where is our father's grave? Do thou show us the way."

ba'd az ân goftand ey mâdar biy-â / gur-e bâbâ ku to mâ râ rah namâ

سوختم در چاه صبر از بهر آن شمع چگل
شاه ترکان فارغ است از حال ما کو رستمی

late 1300s, Xāja Shams-ud-Dīn Moḥammad Ḥāfeẓ-e Shīrāzī, “Ghazal 470 (Sīne mālāmāl-e dard ast)”, in دیوان حافظ [Divān of Ḥāfeẓ]:

I burnt in the well of patience on account of that candle of Chigil;
The king of the Turks cares not for my condition, where is a Rostam?

suxtam dar čâh-e sabr az bahr-e ân šam'-e čegel
šâh-e torkân fâreğ ast az hâl-e mâ ku rostami

کو شد آن دعوی دوازده فن
و آن همه مردی این نه مرد و نه زن

1197, Hakim Nizāmi Ganjavi, “baxš 28 (nešastan-e Bahrām ruz-e došanbe dar gonbad sabz o afsāne goftan doxtar-e pādšāh-e eqlim sevom)”, in هفت پیکر [Haft Peykar]:

ku šod ân davi davâzdah fan
vânhame mardi in na mard o na zan


کو

Alternative form of کوی (kuy, “street; city block”).


کو

این چراغ شمس کو روشن بود / نه از فتیل و پنبه و روغن بود

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 4:

This lamp, the sun, which is bright—it is not by means of wick and cotton and oil.

in čerâğ šams ku rowšan bud / na az fatil o panbe o rowğan bud

Contraction of که او (ke u, “that he/she...; which...”).


ضد

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜਿਦ (jid)

Shahmukhi script: ضد (zid)

که ز ضدها ضدها آمد پدید
در سویدا روشنایی آفرید

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3865:

For contraries are manifested by means of contraries:
in the black core (of the heart) He (God) created the light (of love).

ki zi zidd-hā zidd-hā āmad padīd
dar suwaydā rōšanāyī afarīd


مردم

مَرْدُم • (mardom) (plural مردمان (mardomân))

مَرْدُم (canonical)
mardom (romanization)
مردمان (plural)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mltwm' /mardōm/, “mankind, people”), from Proto-Iranian *mártyah (“man”) + *táwxma (“family, seed”). Equivalent to Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mlt' /mard/, “man”, modern مرد (mard)) + Middle Persian 𐫤𐫇𐫍𐫖 (twhm /tōhm/, “family, seed”, modern تخم (toxm)): "the seed of man". Cognate to Sogdian [script needed] (mrtxm’y /martoxmē, martəxmē/, “people, man”).

cog

modern <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">مرد</i> (mard)

modern <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">تخم</i> (toxm)

مردم کشور

مردمان ترک

دور دور عیسی است ای مردمان
بشنوید اسرار کیش او به جان

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 360:

The epoch is the epoch of Jesus. O men,
Hearken with your souls unto the mysteries of his religion!

dawr dawr-i īsā ast ay mardumān
bešnawēd asrār-i kēš-i ō dar jān

غلام مردم چشمم که با سیاه دلی
هزار قطره ببارد چو درد دل شمرم

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 330”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

I am a slave to the pupil of my eye, which malevolently
Rains down a thousand teardrops when I count the pains of my heart.

ğulām-i mardum-i čašmam ki bā siyāh dilī
hazār qatra bibārad čū dard-i dil šimuram

مردمک مردمک#Persian

(literary) Synonym of مردمک (mardomak, “pupil (of the eye)”).


عجب

در چنین مستی مراعات ادب، خود نباشد ور بود باشد عجب

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 1394:

In such [mystical] intoxication [as his], the observance of due respect [to the letter of the Qur'an] will not be there at all; or if it be, 'tis a wonder.

dar čonin masti mora'at-e adab, xod na-bâšad v-ar bovad bâšad 'ajab.


عجب

ابتدای کار سیمرغ ای عجب، جلوهگر بگذشت بر چین نیم شب، در میان چین فتاد از وی پری، لاجرم پر شور شد هر کشوری.

1177, Farīd ud-Dīn ʿAṭṭār, منطق الطیر [The Conference of the Birds], volumes lines 733—737:

The beginning of [this] affair of the Simorgh, oh how wondrous! It passed in China in full splendor one midnight, and a feather fell from it in the middle of China. Consequently, each country became ardent [to see the feather].

ebtedâ-ye kâr-e simorğ ey 'ajab, jelow-gar be-gozašt bar čin nim-šab, dar miyân-e čin fatâd az vey par-i, lâ-jaram por-šur šod har kešvar-i.


جنس

head

جنس • (jens) (plural اجناس (ajnâs) or جنسها (jens-hâ))

jens (romanization)
اجناس (plural)
جنسها (plural)

جنس ماده

جنس مونث

جنس نر

جنس مذکر

جنس اسمها

جنس بشر

همچو من، سوخته جانی به همه عالم نیست
می توان گفت که در جنس بنی آدم نیست

There is no burnt soul like me in the entire world;
You can say that I am not of the human race.

hamču man, suxte jâni be hame âlam nist
mi-tavân goft ke dar jens-e bani âdam nist

(music) jins (set of stepwise pitches in Islamic music theory)

جنس این پنبه است.

nature, intrinsic quality
material (which something is made of)

جنسش خیلی خوبه. (colloquial Iranian)

از جنس عالی

nature, intrinsic quality
(good or bad) quality

این آدم جنسش خرابه. (colloquial Iranian)
in âdam jens-eš xarâb-e.
This guy is a terrible person.

literally, “This guy's nature is corrupt.”

nature, intrinsic quality
fundamental nature (of a personality)

قیمت اجناس

A generic noun:
goods, commodities, merchandise

A generic noun:
(especially Dari) thing (in general)


نوید

From Middle Persian nwyk' (*niwē), from Proto-Iranian *wayd-. Compare Manichaean Parthian nwydg (niwēdag, “good news”). Related to Parthian nwyst (niwist, “invited”).


نوید

a male given name, Navid, Nawid, Naveed, or Naweed


لال

→ Ottoman Turkish: لال (lāl)

> Turkish: lal (inherited)

→ Armenian: լալ (lal)

→ Azerbaijani: lal

→ Uyghur: لال (lal)

→ Uzbek: lol


لال

→ Bengali: লাল (lal)

→ Gujarati: લાલ (lāl)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: लाल (lāl)

Urdu: لال (lāl)

→ Nepali: लाल् (lāl)

→ Odia: ଲାଲ (lāla), ନାଲି (nāli)

→ Punjabi: لال (lāl) / ਲਾਲ (lāl)

→ Sylheti: ꠟꠣꠟ (lal)


لال

desctree

→ Arabic: لَعْل (laʕl)
→ Azerbaijani: ləl
→ Persian: لعل (la'l)
→ Kazakh: лағыл (lağyl)
→ Kyrgyz: лаал (laal)
→ Tajik: лаъл (laʾl)
→ Uzbek: laʼl

→ Middle Armenian: լալ (lal), ղաղ (ġaġ)

Armenian: լալ (lal)

→ Baluchi: لال (lal)

→ Georgian: ლალი (lali)

→ Kashmiri:

Arabic script: لال (lāl)

Devanagari script: लाल् (lāl)

→ Nepali: लाल् (lāl)

→ Tibetan: ནལ་ (nal, “a ruby-like gem”)

→ Mongolian: нал (nal)

a red gemstone, cornelian, garnet, spinel, tourmaline


دنیا

head

دُنْیا • (donyâ)

fa-noun

دُنْیا • (donyâ)

Dari: دنیا (dunyā)

Iranian Persian: دنیا (donyâ)

Tajik: дунё (dunyo)

→ Adyghe: дунае (dunaje)

→ Azerbaijani: dünya

→ Bashkir: донъя (donʺya)

→ Bengali: দুনিয়া (duniẏa)

→ Central Kurdish: دنیا (dinya)

→ Chagatai:

Uyghur: دۇنيا (dunya)

Uzbek: dunyo

→ Dhivehi: ދުނިޔެ (duniye)

→ Dongxiang: duya, dunya

→ Georgian: დუნია (dunia)

→ Kazakh: дүние (dünie)

→ Kumyk: дюнья (dünʹya)

→ Kyrgyz: дүйнө (düynö)

→ Lishana Deni: דונייה (dunye)

→ Marathi: दुनिया (duniyā)

→ Nogai: дуныя (dunıya)

→ Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: દુનિયા (duniyā)

Marwari: दुनियांण (duniyā̃ṇ)

→ Old Hindi:

Hindi: दुनिया (duniyā)

→ Nepali: दुनिया (duniyā)

→ Pashto: دنيا (dunyā)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਦੁਨੀਆ (dunīā)

Shahmukhi script: دنیا (dunīā)

→ Siberian Tatar: тонйа (tonya)

→ Tatar: дөнья (dön’ya)

→ Tausug: dunya

→ Turkmen: dünýä


جارو برقی

head

جارو برقی • (jâru barqi)

fa-noun

جارو برقی • (jâru barqi)

جاروبرقی جاروبرقی#Persian

Alternative spelling of جاروبرقی (jâru-barqi)


پله برقی

پلهبرقی پلهبرقی#Persian

Alternative form of پلهبرقی (pelle-barqi)


حسابدار

head

حسابدار • (hesâbdâr)

fa-noun

حسابدار • (hesâbdâr)

[ʔɪ.sɑːb.d̪ɑːɾ]

A compound of حساب (hesâb) and the suffix ـدار (-dâr).


عالم

head

عالَم • ('âlam)

fa-noun

عالَم • ('âlam)

→ Gujarati: આલમ (ālam)

کین جهان چاهیست بس تاریک و تنگ
هست بیرون عالمی بی بو و رنگ

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 64:

[Saying,] "This world is an exceeding dark and narrow pit; outside is a world without scent or colour."

k-in jahân čâhi-st bas târik o tang
hast birun 'âlami bi bu o rang

زیرکی را گفتم این احوال بین خندید و گفت
صعب روزی بوالعجب کاری پریشان عالمی

I said to a wise one, "Look at these conditions!" He laughed and said,
"A difficult day, a strange affair, a perplexing world!"

ziraki râ goftam in ahvâl bin, xandid o goft
sa'b ruzi, bol-'ajab kâri, parišân 'âlami


عالم

fa-adj

عالِم • ('âlem)

→ Gujarati: આલિમ (ālim)

Borrowed from Arabic عَالِم (ʕālim), from عَلِمَ (ʕalima).


علم

عِلْم (canonical)
'elm (romanization)
علوم (plural)

Borrowed from Arabic عِلْم (ʕilm), from عَلِمَ (ʕalima).

science (knowledge via the scientific method)

بینی اندر دل علوم انبیا / بیکتاب و بیمعید و اوستا

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3461:

And behold within thy heart [all] the sciences of the prophets, without book and without preceptor and master.

bini andar del 'olum-e anbiyâ / bi-ketâb o bi-mo'id o ustâ


علم

head

عَلَم • ('alam) (plural علمها ('alam-hâ))

عَلَم (canonical)
'alam (romanization)
علمها (plural)

→ Gujarati: અલમ (alam)


بت

بت • (bot) (plural بتها (bot-hâ) or بتان (botân))

bot (romanization)
بتها (plural)
بتان (plural)

→ Azerbaijani: büt

→ Baluchi: بت (but)

→ Bengali: বুত (but)

→ Crimean Tatar: put

→ Gujarati: બુત (but)

→ Ottoman Turkish: بت (but, put)

Turkish: put

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਬੁੱਤ (butta)

Shahmukhi script: بت (but)

→ Turkmen: but

→ Ushojo: بت (but)

→ Urdu: بت (but)

→ Uzbek: but

From Middle Persian bwt' (/but/, “Buddha, idol”), ultimately from Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddha). In the earliest New Persian sources of the ninth century, the word already has the extended meaning of “beautiful person; the beloved” (whom one worships instead of God).

inh

چو آگه شدند از نکو دین اوی
گرفتند آن راه و آیین اوی
بتان از سر کوه میسوختند
بجای بت آذر برافروختند

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The reign of Gushtāsp”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

When they learned of the good religion of his,
They took up the ways and customs of his;
They burned the idols from the mountaintops,
And in the idol's place, they lit the sacred flame.

čō āgah šudand az nikū dīn-i ōy
giriftand ān rāh u āyīn-i ōy
butān az sar-i kōh mē-sūxtand
ba jāy-i but āḏar bar-afrūxtand

ما را جگر بتیر تو خسته گشت
ای صبر بر فراق بتان نیک جوشنی

c. 950, Abū‘l-Hasan Ali Munjīk, گنج سخن, 4th edition, volume 1, Tehran: Ibn-i Sīnā, published 1961, page 50:

My heart [lit. liver] has been wounded by the arrow of separation from you;
O patience! You are a fine breastplate against separation from beauties.

mā rā jigar ba tīr-i firāq-i tu xasta gašt
ay sabr bar firāq-i butān nēk jawšan-ī


بت

desc

→ Malayalam: വാത്ത (vātta), വാത്ത് (vāttŭ), പാത്ത (pātta)

desctree

→ Tamil: வாத்து (vāttu)
→ Irula: வாத்து (vāttu)

→ Telugu: బాతు (bātu)

A wanderwort related to Arabic بَطَّة (baṭṭa), بَطّ (baṭṭ), Old Armenian բադ (bad), Hindi बत्तख़ (battax), Punjabi ਬੱਤਖ਼ (battax) / بَطَّخ (bat̤t̤ax), Gujarati બતક (batak).


تاج محل

[t̪ʰɑːd͡ʒ mä.ɦäl]

[t̪ʰɑːd͡ʒ mä.ɦäl]

[t̪ʰɑːd͡ʒ mɑːäl]

[t̪ʰɔːd͡ʒ̥ mɔːäl̥]

[t̪ʰɒːd͡ʒ̥ mæ.ɦæl̥]

[t̪ʰɔd͡ʒ mä.ɦäl]

From تاج (tâj, “crown”) + محل (mahal, “palace”).

af

Taj Mahal (a monument in Agra, India, constructed between 1631 and 1654, considered one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in the world)


قطب

head

قطب • (qotb) (plural قطبها (qotb-hâ) or اقطاب (aqtâb))

qotb (romanization)
قطبها (plural)
اقطاب (plural)

قطب شمال

(Sufism) saint; specifically, a high-ranking saint considered the "pole of the world".


سو

From Middle Persian swk' (sōg, “side, direction”).

inh

Alternative form of سوی (suy): direction, side


سو

From Middle Persian swk' (sōg, “burning, combustion”). Related to سوختن (suxtan, “to burn”). Compare Mazanderani سو (su), سوسو (susu, “bright, illuminating”).


سو

Inherited from Middle Persian swk' (sōg, “profit, advantage”), or alternative form of سود (sud).


پل

پُل (canonical)
pol (romanization)
پلها (plural)

→ Bengali: পুল (pul)

→ Romani: phurt

From Middle Persian 𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭫𐭩 (puhl, “bridge”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”) (compare English ford, German Furt, and Latin portus).


سرطان

[sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɔ́ːn]

[sæ.ɹæ.t̪ʰɒ́ːn]

[sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɔ́n]

Borrowed from Arabic سَرَطَان (saraṭān).


بلی

tlb

(Dari and Classical Persian spelling, dated or literary in Iran)

Dari: بلی (balē)

desc

Iranian Persian: بله (bale), بلی (bali) (literary)

Tajik: бале (bale)

→ Azerbaijani: bəli

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: بلی (bali)
Turkish: beli

Urdu: بلے (balē)

Borrowed from Arabic بَلَى (balā). For the vowel change in Classical Persian compare لیکِن (lēkin), from Arabic لَٰكِن (lākin).


عقرب

head

عقرب • ('aqrab) (plural عقربها ('aqrab-hâ))


بوق

بوق کشتی

هر شب هزار مرد پاسبان این قصر باشند پانصد سوار و پانصد پیاده که از نماز شام بوق و دهل و کاسه میزنند و گردش میگردند تا روز.

c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels]:

Every night, a thousand men stand guard in this castle, five hundred mounted and five hundred on foot. From the evening prayers on, they blow trumpets and beat drums and cymbals, and go around [the castle] until daybreak.

har šab hazār mard pāsbān-i īn qasr bāšand pānsad sawār u pānsad pīyāda ki az namāz-i šām būq u duhul u kāsa mē-zanand u gird-aš mē-girdand tā rōz.

(archaic, original sense) trumpet; conch


نوکری

→ Bengali: নওকরি (noōkri)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: नौकरी (naukrī)

Urdu: نوکری (naukarī)

→ Marathi: नोकरी (nokrī)


نوکر

نُوْکَر • (nokar) (plural نوکرها (nokar-hâ))

نُوْکَر (canonical)
nokar (romanization)
نوکرها (plural)

→ Bengali: নওকর (noōkor)

→ Gujarati: નોકર (nokar)

→ Hindi: नौकर (naukar)

Via some Turkic source, compare Azerbaijani nökər (“servant”). Ultimately of Mongolic origin, compare Modern Mongolian нөхөр (nöxör, “friend”), from Proto-Mongolic *nökör (“friend”).
The meaning of “servant” is owing to a semantic shift that happened in Turkic words borrowed from Mongolic; the Persian word was loaned from one of such Turkic words with the altered meaning.


کام

Etymology tree
Old Persian 𐎣𐎠𐎶 (k-a-m)
Middle Persian 𐭠𐭬𐭪 (ʾmk)
Persian کام
From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭬𐭪 (kʾm), 𐫐𐫀𐫖 (kʾm /kām/, “will, desire, purpose”), from Old Persian 𐎣𐎠𐎶 (k-a-m /kāma/), from Proto-Iranian *káHmah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas, from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂-mo-s, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”).

der

ایام به کام [باشد]! ― Ayyâm be kâm [bâšad]! ― May the days be of desire!


کام

→ Khalaj: kâm


بنزین

head

بِنْزین • (benzin)

fa-noun

بِنْزین • (benzin)

بِنْزین (canonical)
benzin (romanization)


گرو

→ Azerbaijani: girov

→ Uzbek: garov

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: गिरौ (girau)

Urdu: گرو (girau)

→ Northern Kurdish: gerew

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (glwb' /graw/), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *grabʰ-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬡 (gar^əβ, “to seize”), Sanskrit ग्रभ् (grabh), English grab. Related to گرفتن (gereftan, “to take”).


چیز

→ Bengali: চিজ (cij)

→ Gujarati: ચીજ (cīj)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: चीज़ (cīz)

Urdu: چِیز (cīz)

→ Marathi: चीज (cīj)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਚੀਜ਼ (cīz)

Shahmukhi script: چِیز (cīz)

From Proto-Iranian *čiš-čid / *čiš-čit, from Proto-Iranian *čiš + a suffix *čit of unknown, possibly reduplicative, origin. The former component is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kíš, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷis, *kʷos (“who, which, what”).

der

(informal) A thing, something, thingamajig (used to refer to something vaguely or when one cannot recall or does not wish to mention its name).


ثلاثة

salāsat (romanization)
salāsa (romanization)

ثلاثه ثلاثه#Persian


مال

head

مال • (mâl) (plural اموال (amvâl) or مالها (mâl-hâ))

mâl (romanization)
اموال (plural)
مالها (plural)

→ Assamese: মাল (mal)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: माल (māl)

Urdu: مال (māl)

→ Sindhi: 𑋗𑋠𑋚𑋣 (mālu)

Borrowed from Arabic مَال (māl). The pronominal use is also found in Iraqi Arabic, hence it may have entered Persian through dialectical Arabic.

آن سگ بزرگ مال توست؟

این کتاب مال من نیست.

این مال ایران است؟

این داستان مال ۱۵ سال پیشه.

بیشتر کلاسام مال صبحه.

Used in the singular with a subsequent ezâfe to form constructions equivalent to English possessive pronouns and constructions.

(as an independent noun) property, wealth, money, assets


مال

مالیدن مالیدن#Persian

present stem form of مالیدن (mâlidan, “to rub”)


فرانسه

فَرانْسِه • (farânse)

fa-proper noun

فَرانْسِه • (farânse)

فَرانْسِه (canonical)
farânse (romanization)

→ Pashto: فرانسه (farānsa)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: فرانسه (firansa)
Turkish: Fransa
→ Laz: ჶრანსა (fransa)
→ Armenian: Ֆրանսա (Fransa) — Western Armenian

→ Azerbaijani: Fəransə, Fransa


انوشه

fa-adj

انوشه • (anuše)

From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭭𐭥𐭱𐭪𐭩 (ʾnʿšky /anōšag/, “immortal”), from 𐭠𐭭𐭥𐭱 (ʾnʿš /anōš/) + 𐭪𐭩 (ky /-ag/), from Old Persian [Term?] (/*anauša-/, “immortal”), from Proto-Iranian *an-awša- (“immortal”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬀 (anaoša, “immortal”), Ossetian ӕнус (ænus), and the Old Armenian borrowing անուշակ (anušak). Compare Persian نوشین (nušin, “sweet”) and Persian نوشیدن (nušidan, “to drink”).


انوشه

head

انوشه • (anuše)

fa-proper noun

انوشه • (anuše)

a male or female given name, Anousheh, Anooshe, or Anoosheh, from Middle Persian


اکثر

→ Bengali: আকসার (akśar)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अक्सर (aksar)

Urdu: اَکْثَر (aksar)
→ Phalura: aksár


اکتوبر

head

اکتوبر • (aktōbar)

fa-proper noun

اکتوبر • (aktōbar)


اندر

From Middle Persian 𐭡𐭩𐭭 (BYN /andar/), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎫𐎼 (aⁿtar, “among, within”), from Proto-Iranian *Hántarah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hántaras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁énteros (“inner, what is inside”).

inh

Archaic and poetic form of در (dar, “in; inside”)


اگست

→? Urdu: اگست (agast)


اگر

→ Awadhi: अगर (agar)

→ Azerbaijani: əgər

→ Bashkir: әгәр (əgər)

→ Chuvash: эхер (eh̬er)

→ Dogri: agar

Devanagari script: अगर

Dogra script: 𑠀𑠌𑠤

→ Gojri: اگر (agar)

→ Gujarati: અગર (agar)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अगर (agar)

desctree

Urdu: اَگَرْ (agar)
→ Phalura:
Arabic script: اگر
Latin script: ágar

→ Kazakh: егер (eger)

→ Kumyk: эгер (eger)

→ Kyrgyz: эгер (eger)

→ Lezgi: [script needed] (eger)

→ Maithili: agar

Devanagari script: अगर

Tirhuta script: 𑒁𑒑𑒩

→ Malvi: अगर (agar)

→ Marathi: अगर (agar)

→ Marwari: agar

Devanagari script: अगर (agar)

Mahajani script: 𑅐𑅗𑅭 (agr)

→ Odia: ଅଗର (agara)

→ Ottoman Turkish: اگر

Turkish: eğer

→ Punjabi: agar

Gurmukhi script: ਅਗਰ

Shahmukhi script: اگَر

→ Sindhi: اَگَر

→ Tabasaran: [script needed] (eger)

→ Talysh:

→ Tatar: әгәр (ägär)

→ Turkmen: eger

→ Uyghur: ئەگەر (eger)

→ Uzbek: agar

→ Varhadi: अगर (agar)

From Middle Persian 𐭧𐭲 (ḥt /agar/). Compare Parthian 𐭀𐭊 (ag).

اگر فارسی بلد بودم این کتاب را نمیخریدم. (more literary)

Had I known Persian [which I did not], I would not have bought this book.

agar fârsi balad budam in ketâb-râ ne-mi-xaridam.

اگه فارسی بلد بودم این کتاب و نمیخریدم. (more colloquial)

If I knew Persian [which I did not], I wouldn't have bought this book.

age fârsi balad budam in ketâb-o ne-mi-xaridam.

اگر میرفتی، محمد را میدیدی. (more literary)

If you had gone [but you did not], you would have seen Mohammad.

اگر رفته بودی، محمد را دیده بودی (more literary)

اگر رفته باشی، محمد را میدیدی. (more literary)

If you had gone [and perhaps you did], you would have seen Mohammad.

اگر بروی، محمد را میبینی. (more literary)

اگر غم را چو آتش دود بودی / جهان تاریک ماندی جاودانه

10th century, Poem attributed to Shahid Balkhi:

If grief gave off smoke, as fire does / The world would remain forever in the dark.

agar ğam-râ čo âtaš dud budi / jahân târik mânadi jâvedâne

اگر آن ترک شیرازی به دست آرد دل ما را / به خال هندویش بخشم سمرقند و بخارا را

late 14th century, Xāja Shams-ud-Dīn Moḥammad Ḥāfeẓ-e Shīrāzī, “اگر آن ترک شیرازی به دست آرد دل ما را (Shirazi Turk)”, in دیوان حافظ [Divān of Ḥāfeẓ]:

If that Shirazi Turk accepts my heart in their hand / for their Indian mole I will give Samarkand and Bukhara.

agar ân tork-e širâzi be dast ârad del-e mâ-râ / be xâl-e hendu-yaš baxšam samarqand o boxârâ-râ

یار تا قتل چنین باشد اگر همراهم / سفر ملک عدم را ز خدا میخواهم

c. 1650, Muḥammad Ṭāhir Ğanī Kašmīrī, translated by Mufti Mudasir Farooqi and Nusrat Bazaz, دیوان [Divān]:

If my love accompanies me to my execution / A journey to the other world, I shall seek from God.

yâr tâ qatl čonin bâšad agar hamrâh-am / safar-e molk-e 'adam râ ze xodâ mi-xâham.

if (used in a hypothetical or conditional statement)

اگر جواب را نمیدانی، چرا حرف میزنی؟ (more literary)

Since you don't know the answer, why are you talking?

agar javâb-râ ne-mi-dâni, čerâ harf mi-zani?

اگه جواب و نمیدونی، چرا حرف میزنی؟ (more colloquial)

age javâb-o ne-mi-duni, čerâ harf mi-zani?


عجیب

fa-adj

عجیب • ('ajib) (comparative عجیبتَر ('ajib-tar), superlative عجیبتَرین ('ajib-tarin))

'ajib (romanization)
عجیبتَر (comparative)
عجیبتَرین (superlative)

→ Gujarati: અજીબ (ajīb)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अजीब (ajīb)

Urdu: عَجِیب (ajīb)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅਜੀਬ (ajīb)

Shahmukhi script: عَجِیب (ʻajīb)

[ʔæ.d͡ʒiːb̥]


آچار

head

آچار • (āčār)

fa-noun

آچار • (āčār)

→ Gulf Arabic: اچار (ačār)

→ Yemeni Arabic: عُشَّار (ʕuššār)

→ Bengali: আচার (acar)

→ Bhojpuri:

desc

Devanagari script: अचार (acār), अचाँर (acā̃r)

Kaithi script: 𑂃𑂒𑂰𑂩 (acār), 𑂃𑂒𑂰𑂀𑂩 (acā̃r)

→ Gujarati: આચાર (ācār), અચાર (acār)

→ Malayalam: അച്ചാർ (accāṟ)

→ Tamil: அச்சார் (accār)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अचार (acār), आचार (ācār)

Urdu: اچار (acār), آچار (ācār)

→ Indonesian: acar

→ Madurese: ꦲꦕꦂ (acar)

→ Nepali: अचार (acār)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅਚਾਰ (acār)

Shahmukhi script: اچار (acār)

→ Sindhi: آچار (ācār)

→ Swahili: achari, achali

cog

Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾp̄cʾl, ʾp̄zʾl /abzār/, “instrument, means; spice”)

[ʔɑː.ˈt͡ʃɑːɾ]

[ʔɑː.t͡ʃʰɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔɑː.t͡ʃʰɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔɑː.t͡ʃʰɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔɔː.t͡ʃʰɔ́ːɾ]

[ʔɒː.t͡ʃʰɒ́ːɹ]

[ʔɔ.t͡ʃʰɔ́ɾ]


آچار

head

آچار • (âčâr)

fa-noun

آچار • (âčâr)

[ʔɑː.ˈt͡ʃɑːɾ]

[ʔɑː.t͡ʃʰɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔɑː.t͡ʃʰɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔɑː.t͡ʃʰɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔɔː.t͡ʃʰɔ́ːɾ]

[ʔɒː.t͡ʃʰɒ́ːɹ]

[ʔɔ.t͡ʃʰɔ́ɾ]


اپریل

head

اپریل • (aprēl)

fa-proper noun

اپریل • (aprēl)

Borrowed from English April, possibly via Pashto or Urdu اپریل.


افسوس

head

افسوس • (afsôs)

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾp̄sws /afsōs/).


افسوس

head

افسوس • (afsôs)

fa-noun

افسوس • (afsôs)

Middle Armenian: ափսոս (apʻsos)

Armenian: ափսոս (apʻsos)

Assamese: আফচোচ (aphosüs)

→ Azerbaijani:

Latin script: əfsus

Arabic script: افسۇس

Bengali: আফসোস (aphośōs)

desc

Georgian: აფსუს (apsus), აფსუსი (apsusi)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अफ़सोस (afsos)

Urdu: افسوس (afsos)

Ottoman Turkish: افسوس (efsus)

Turkish: efsus

Punjabi: ਅਫਸੋਸ (aphasos)

Sindhi: افسوس (afsos)

Uyghur: ئەپسۇس (epsus)

Vaghri: અપસોસ (apasos)


اجنبی

Borrowed from Arabic أَجْنَبِيّ (ʔajnabiyy).


اجنبی

head

اجنبی • (ajnabi) (plural اجانب (ajâneb))


اثر

اثر • (asar) (plural آثار (âsâr) or اثرها (asar-hâ) or آثارات (âsârât))

asar (romanization)
آثار (plural)
اثرها (plural)
آثارات (plural)

→ Gujarati: અસર (asar)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: असर (asar)

Urdu: اثر (asar)

این زمین از حلم حق دارد اثر / تا نجاست برد و گلها داد بر

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 1803:

This earth has the mark of God's clemency, in that it got filth and gave flowers as the produce.

in zamin az helm-e haqq dârad asar / tâ nejâsat bord o gol-hâ dâd bar

جفت کردیم این عمل را با اثر / چون رسد جفتی رسد جفتی دگر

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 2874:

We have mated this action with the effect: when one mate arrives, another mate arrives.

joft kardim in 'amal-râ bâ asar / čon rasad joft-i rasad joft-i degar

عقل اثر را روح پندارد ولیک / نور خور از قرص خور دورست نیک

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 3587:

The intellect deems the impression to be the Spirit, but the light of the sun is very far from (being) the orb of the sun.

'aql asar-râ ruh pendârad va-lik / nur-e xor az qors-e xor dur-ast nik

آثار آثار#Persian

(in the plural, آثار) relic, historical monument


امیر

امیر • (amir) (plural امیران (amirân) or امرا (omarâ) or امیرها (amir-hâ))

amir (romanization)
امیران (plural)
امرا (plural)
امیرها (plural)

→ Gujarati: અમીર (amīr)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अमीर (amīr)

Urdu: امیر (amīr)


انار

انار • (anâr)

fa-noun

انار • (anâr)

→ Awadhi: अनार (anār)

→ Bengali: আনার (anar)

→ Gujarati: અનાર (anār)

→ Hindustani: [Term?], anār

Hindi: अनार

desc

Urdu: اَنَار

Urdu: اَنَار

→ Kalmyk: анр (anr)

→ Kazakh: анар (anar)

→ Kumzari: آنر

→ Northern Kurdish: hinar

→ Kyrgyz: анар (anar)

→ Mongolian: анар (anar)

→ Nepali: अनार (anār)

→ Punjabi: ਅਨਾਰ (anār)

→ Sindhi: انار (anāru)

→ Shor: анар

→ Shor: анар

→ Turkmen: nar

→ Uyghur: ئانار (anar)

→ Uzbek: anor

desctree

⇒ Persian: نار (nâr)
→ Azerbaijani: nar
→ Bulgarian: нар (nar)
→ Gujarati: નાર (nār)
→ Ottoman Turkish: نار (nâr)
Turkish: nar
→ Adyghe: нарэ (narɛ)
→ Kabardian: нары (narə)
→ Laz: ნარი (nari)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: нар
Latin script: nar

From Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾnʾl /anār/). Arguably ultimately related to the pomegranate terms under Arabic رُمَّان (rummān).