ژاپن

ژاپُن • (žâpon)

fa-proper noun

ژاپُن • (žâpon)

(chiefly Iran) Japan (a country and archipelago in East Asia)


زنبور عسل

head

زنبورهای عسل

زنبور عسل • (zanbur-e 'asal) (plural زنبورهای عسل (zanbur-hâ-ye 'asal))

fa-noun

زنبورهای عسل

zanbur-e 'asal (romanization)
زنبورهای عسل (plural)

From زنبور (zanbur, “bee”) + عسل ('asal, “honey”).

compound

fa:زنبور عسل


پایان

head

پایان • (pâyân)

fa-noun

پایان • (pâyân)

From پای + ـان.


چس فیل

Perhaps from the brand name "Chesterfield" (the first brand of popcorn imported into Iran) conflated with the Persian words چس + فیل, literally meaning "elephant's farts".


قهوه‌ای

fa-adj

قَهْوِهای • (qahve-yi)

قَهْوِهای (canonical)
qahve-yi (romanization)

→ Azerbaijani: qəhvəyi


امشب

head

امشب • (emšab)

From امـ (em, “to-; this”) + شب (šab, “night”), from Middle Persian 𐭫𐭣𐭭𐭤 (ldnh /im/, “this”) + [script needed] (šp /šab/, “night”). Compare Mazanderani ام شو (am šo, “tonight”), Central Kurdish ئەمشەو (emşew, “tonight”), Northern Kurdish îşev (“tonight”), Pashto نن شپه (nan špa, “tonight”).

cog

خواهد سحری رفت بسیر آن شه خوبان
ای دیده مخواب آب زن امشب همه ره را

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 105:

The king/queen of beauties will leave on a journey at dawn;
O eyes, do not sleep! Pour water [tears] on all the roads tonight.

xwāhad saharē raft ba-sayr ān šah-i xūbān
ay dīda maxwāb āb zan imšab hama rah rā

علی قراره امشب برامون بخونه؟


هندوستان

head

هِنْدوسْتان • (hendustân)

fa-proper noun

هِنْدوسْتان • (hendustân)

هِنْدوسْتان (canonical)
hendustân (romanization)

→ Assamese: হিন্দুস্তান (hindustan)

desctree

→ Middle Bengali: হিন্দুস্তান (hindustan), হিন্দুস্থান (hindusthan)
Bengali: হিন্দুস্তান (hindustan), হিন্দুস্থান (hindusthan)

→ Gujarati: હિંદુસ્તાન (hindustān)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: हिंदुस्तान (hindustān)

Urdu: ہِنْدوسْتان (hindostān)

→ Maithili: hindustān

Devanagari script: हिन्दुस्तान

Tirhuta script: 𑒯𑒱𑒢𑓂𑒠𑒳𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒰𑒢

→ Marathi: हिंदुस्थान (hindusthān)

→ Odia: ହିନ୍ଦୁସ୍ଥାନ (hindusthāna)

→ Old Punjabi: ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨੁ (hindusatānu)
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਹਿੰਦੋਸਤਾਨ (hindostān)
Shahmukhi script: ہِندُوستان (hindūstān)

desc

→ Sanskrit: हिन्दुस्थान (hindusthāna) (calque)

→ Sindhi: hindustānu

Arabic script: هِندُسْتانُ

Devanagari script: हिंदुस्तानु

[ʔɪn̪.d̪uːs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

From هندو (hendu, “Indian”) + ـستان (-stân, “land”).

af

Indian subcontinent
Indian subcontinent#English

(dated) (chiefly historical, proscribed in modern use) the Indian subcontinent, India (a region of South Asia, traditionally delimited by the Himalayas and the Indus river; the Indian subcontinent)

(colloquial) India (a country in South Asia)


هزارپا

head

هزارپا • (hezâr-pâ)

fa-noun

هزارپا • (hezâr-pâ)

→ Ottoman Turkish: هزارپا

From هزار (hezâr, “thousand”) + پا (pâ, “foot”). Compare Central Kurdish ھەزارپێ (hezarpê).


زخمی

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜ਼ਖ਼ਮੀ (zaxmī)

Shahmukhi script: زخمی (zaxmī)


کویت

Kuwait (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


واژه

head

واژه • (vâže) (plural واژهها (vâže-hâ) or واژگان (vâžegân))

vâže (romanization)
واژهها (plural)
واژگان (plural)

Middle Iranian. Compare Middle Persian wʾck' (wāzag, “utterance, saying”).


خوب

fa-adj

خوب • (xub) (comparative خوبتَر (xub-tar), superlative خوبتَرین (xub-tarin))

xub (romanization)
خوبتَر (comparative)
خوبتَرین (superlative)
خوبم (first-person predicative singular)
xubam (first-person predicative singular)
خوبیم (first-person plural predicative)
xubim (first-person plural predicative)
خوبی (predicative second-person singular)
xubi (predicative second-person singular)
خوبید (plural predicative second-person)
xubid (plural predicative second-person)
خوبین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
xubin (plural predicative second-person)
خوب است (predicative singular third-person)
xub ast (predicative singular third-person)
خوبه (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
xube (predicative singular third-person)
خوبند (plural predicative third-person)
xuband (plural predicative third-person)
خوبن (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
xuban (plural predicative third-person)

Urdu: خوب (xub)

Uzbek: xoʻp

From Middle Persian 𐭧𐭥𐭡 (xūb), from Old Persian [script needed] (*ʰuvāpa), from Proto-Iranian *HhuHā́pah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HsuHápas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁su- (“good”) + *h₃épos (“work”). Compare Sogdian [script needed] (xwp).


خوب

→ Bengali: খুব (khub, “very”)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਖ਼ੂਬ (xūb)

Shahmukhi script: خوب (xūb)

→ Sylheti: ꠈꠥꠛ (kúb), ꠈꠥꠙ (kúf)


نانوائی

head

نانوائی • (nânvâyê)

fa-noun

نانوائی • (nânvâyê)


زورمند

fa-adj

زورمَند • (zurmand) (comparative زورمَندتَر (zurmand-tar), superlative زورمَندتَرین (zurmand-tarin))

زورمَند (canonical)
zurmand (romanization)
زورمَندتَر (comparative)
زورمَندتَرین (superlative)

[zʊːɾ.män̪d̪̥]


زورمند

زورمَند (canonical)
zurmand (romanization)

[zʊːɾ.män̪d̪̥]


شبکه

head

شَبَکِه • (šabake) (plural شبکهها (šabake-hâ))

شَبَکِه (canonical)
šabake (romanization)
شبکهها (plural)

[ʃæ.bæ.kʰʲé]


تلخ

From Middle Persian t’hl’ (taxl), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tákram, compare Sanskrit तक्र (tákra, “buttermilk mixed with water”).


بوس

بوسیدن بوسیدن#Persian


اردن

head

اُرْدُن • (ordon)

fa-proper noun

اُرْدُن • (ordon)

اُرْدُن (canonical)
ordon (romanization)

Borrowed from Arabic الْأُرْدُنّ (al-ʔurdunn).

bor+

Jordan (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)

Jordan (a river in Western Asia, in the Middle East, that empties into the Dead Sea, flowing through Israel, the Golan Heights, the West Bank and Jordan)


نانوا

head

نانوا • (nânvâ) (plural نانواها (nânvâ-hâ) or نانوایان (nânvâyân))

nânvâ (romanization)
نانواها (plural)
نانوایان (plural)

From earlier نانبا (nânbâ), from Middle Persian 𐭭𐭠𐭭𐭯𐭠𐭪 (nānbāg, “baker”).

بهر نان شخصی سوی نانوا دوید / داد جان چون حسن نانوا را بدید

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 2785:

A person ran to the baker for bread: on seeing the beauty of the baker, he gave up the ghost.

bahr-i-nân šaxs-i suy-i nânwâ dawîd / dâd jân čôn husn-i-nânwâ râ ba-dîd


زخم

→ Azerbaijani: zəxm

→ Bengali: জখম (jokhom)

→ Gujarati: જખમ (jakham)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: ज़ख़्म (zaxm)

Urdu: زخم (zaxm)

→ Marathi: जखम (j̈akham)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜ਼ਖ਼ਮ (zaxam)

Shahmukhi script: زَخم (zaxm)

→ Tulu: ಜಖಮ್ (jakhamŭ)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (z’hm /zaxm/).


دسامبر

head

دسامبر • (desâmbr)

fa-proper noun

دسامبر • (desâmbr)

اسفند

12th month of the solar Persian calendar


انقلاب

head

انقلاب • (enqelâb) (plural انقلابات (enqelâbât) or انقلابها (enqelâb-hâ))

enqelâb (romanization)
انقلابات (plural)
انقلابها (plural)

Dari: اِنْقِلَاب (inqilāb)

Iranian Persian: اِنْقِلَاب (enğelâb)

Tajik: инқилоб (inqilob)

→ Bengali: ইনকিলাব (inkilab)

desc

→ Gujarati: ઈંકલાબ (ī̃kalāb), ઇન્કલાબ (inkalāb)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: इंक़लाब (inqalāb), इन्क़लाब (inqalāb), इन्कलाब (inkalāb), इंकलाब (iṅklāb), इंकिलाब (iṅkilāb), इंक़िलाब (iṅqilāb), इन्किलाब (inkilāb), इन्क़िलाब (inqilāb)

Urdu: اِنْقَلَاب (inqalāb)

→ Punjabi: اِنْقِلاب (īnqilāb)

→ Pashto: انقلاب

→ Pashto: انقلاب

Borrowed from Arabic اِنْقِلَاب (inqilāb).

bor+

انقلاب اسلامی

the Islamic revolution of 1979, i.e. the Iranian Revolution

قبل از انقلاب

پس از انقلاب


مهندسی

From مهندس, from Arabic مُهَنْدِس (muhandis), from هَنْدَسَة (handasa, “engineering”), from earlier هَنْدَزَة (handaza), from هَنْدَاز (handāz), from Middle Persian handʾck' (handāzag, “measure, manner”) (> Persian اندازه (andâza)).


آوریل

head

آوریل • (âvril)

fa-proper noun

آوریل • (âvril)

[ʔɒːv.ɹíːl̥]

Borrowed from French avril, from Latin Aprīlis.


ژوئیه

head

ژوئیه • (žu'iye)

fa-proper noun

ژوئیه • (žu'iye)


لب

head

لب • (lab) (plural لبان (labân) or لبها (lab-hâ))

lab (romanization)
لبان (plural)
لبها (plural)

→ Khalaj: ləb

From Proto-Iranian *lab- / *lap-, from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“lip, to lick”).

inh

اگه گفتی دوستت دارم فقط بازی لبهات بود.

(colloquial) If (when) you said you love me, you weren't serious. (Literally: it was only your lip play.)

Age gofti duset dâram faqat bâziye labhât bud.


مراکش

head

مراکش • (marâkeš)

fa-proper noun

مراکش • (marâkeš)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: मराकिश (marākiś)

Urdu: مَراکِش (marākiś)

desc

ਮਰਾਕਿਸ਼//مَراکَش

→ Punjabi: ਮਰਾਕਿਸ਼／مَراکَش (marākiś)

→ Punjabi: ਮਰਾਕਿਸ਼／مَراکَش (marākiś)

[mä.ɾɑː.kʰɪʃ]

[mä.ɾɑː.kʰɪʃ]

[mä.ɾɑː.kʰɪʃ]

[mæ.ɹɒː.kʰʲeʃ]

[mä.ɾɔ.kʰäʃ]

Borrowed from Arabic مُرّاكُش (murrākuš). See Morocco for more. In Persian, the word came to be read and pronounced like an Arabic broken plural form.

bor+

Marrakech (the capital city of the Marrakesh-Safi region, Morocco)


ابدی

desctree

→ Malay: abadi
Indonesian: abadi
→ Maguindanao: abadi

→ Northern Kurdish: ebedî (abdi)

→ Pashto: ابدی (abadí)

→ Urdu: ابدی (abdi)

[ʔä.bä.d̪íː]

[ʔä.bä.d̪íː]

[ʔä.bä.d̪íː]

[ʔæ.bæ.d̪íː]


ژانویه

head

ژانویه • (žânviye)

fa-proper noun

ژانویه • (žânviye)

Borrowed from French janvier, from Latin Iānuārius.


ژاپنی

fa-adj

ژاپُنی • (žâponi)

ژاپُنی (canonical)
žâponi (romanization)

زَبانِ ژاپُنی


ژاپنی

head

ژاپُنی • (žâponi)

fa-noun

ژاپُنی • (žâponi)


کوکب

→ Hindustani:

Urdu: کَوکَب (kaukab)


کوکب

Kochab, Kokab (a star in the constellation Ursa Minor)


فلسطین

Borrowed from Arabic فِلَسْطِين (filasṭīn).

bor+

Palestine (The region in Western Asia in the Middle East between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River)

Palestine (A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; the State of Palestine; the homeland of the Palestinian people)


سنگین

fa-adj

سنگین • (sangin) (comparative سنگینتَر (sangin-tar), superlative سنگینتَرین (sangin-tarin))

sangin (romanization)
سنگینتَر (comparative)
سنگینتَرین (superlative)

→ Azerbaijani: səngin

→ Baluchi: سنگین

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: संगीन (saṅgīn)

Urdu: سنگین

→ Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: zəngin

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: زنگین (zengin)
Turkish: zengin
→ Albanian: zengjin
→ Arabic:
North Levantine Arabic: زَنْكِيل (zangīl)
South Levantine Arabic: زَنْكِيل (zankīl)
→ Bulgarian: зенги́н (zengín)
→ Macedonian: зенгин (zengin)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Latin script: zènđil
Cyrillic script: зѐнђил

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸੰਗੀਨ (saṅgīn)

Shahmukhi script: سنگین (saṅgīn)

آن جعبه سنگینتر از آن است که فکر میکرد

That box is heavier than he/she thought.

ân ja'be sangin-tar az ân ast ke fekr mi-kard.


تونس

Tunis (The capital city, since 1159, and largest city of Tunisia)


دکتر

head

دُکْتُر • (doktor) (plural دکترها (doktor-hâ) or دکتران (doktorân))

دُکْتُر (canonical)
doktor (romanization)
دکترها (plural)
دکتران (plural)


صاحب

صاحِب • (sâheb) (plural صاحبان (sâhebân) or صاحبها (sâheb-hâ))

صاحِب (canonical)
sâheb (romanization)
صاحبان (plural)
صاحبها (plural)

→ Bengali: সাহেব (śaheb)

→ Gujarati: સાહેબ (sāheb)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: साहिब (sāhib), साहब (sāhab)

Urdu: صاحب (sāhib, sāhab, sāhb, sāb)

→ Marathi: साहेब (sāheb)

→ Punjabi: ਸਾਹਬ / صاحب (sāhab)

→ Marwari: सायब (sāyab)

→ Uzbek: sohib

صاحب ماشین

صاحب یک پسر و دختر هستم.

I am the parent of a son and a daughter.

(Dari, Indo-Persian, very formal, otherwise dated) sir; mister; gentleman

Indo-Persian; otherwise dated; Indo-Persian; otherwise dated

صاحب (sâheb) + دل (del, “heart”) → صاحبدل (sâhebdel, “pure-hearted person; empathetic person”)

صاحب (sâheb) + سخن (soxan, “speech”) → صاحب سخن (sâheb soxan, “speaker”)

Used, usually without the ezâfe, to form compound nouns meaning "those who possess [trait]" or "those who are distinguished by [trait]".


الان

alân (romanization)
al'ân (romanization)


خواننده

خوانَنْدِه • (xânande) (plural خوانندگان (xânandegân))

خوانَنْدِه (canonical)
xânande (romanization)
خوانندگان (plural)


خوردن

خوردن • (xordan) (present stem خور (xor))

xordan (romanization)
خور (present stem)
خوردن (infinitive)
xordán (infinitive)
خور (present stem)
xor (present stem)
خورد (past stem)
xord (past stem)
خورنده (participle present)
xorandé (participle present)
خورده (participle past)
xordé (participle past)
خورم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
xóram (aorist first-person indicative singular)
خوری (aorist indicative second-person singular)
xóri (aorist indicative second-person singular)
خورد (aorist indicative singular third-person)
xórad (aorist indicative singular third-person)
خوریم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
xórim (aorist first-person indicative plural)
خورید (aorist indicative plural second-person)
xórid (aorist indicative plural second-person)
خورند (aorist indicative plural third-person)
xórand (aorist indicative plural third-person)
میخورم (first-person indicative present singular)
mí-xoram (first-person indicative present singular)
میخوری (indicative present second-person singular)
mí-xori (indicative present second-person singular)
میخورد (indicative present singular third-person)
mí-xorad (indicative present singular third-person)
میخوریم (first-person indicative plural present)
mí-xorim (first-person indicative plural present)
میخورید (indicative plural present second-person)
mí-xorid (indicative plural present second-person)
میخورند (indicative plural present third-person)
mí-xorand (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم میخورم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dấram mí-xoram (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری میخوری (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dấri mí-xori (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
دارد میخورد (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dấrad mí-xorad (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم میخوریم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dấrim mí-xorim (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارید میخورید (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dấrid mí-xorid (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارند میخورند (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dấrand mí-xorand (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
خوردهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
xordé-am (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
خوردهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
xordé-i (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
خورده است (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
xordé ast (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
خوردهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
xordé-im (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
خوردهاید (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
xordé-id (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
خوردهاند (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
xordé-and (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
خوردم (first-person indicative past singular)
xórdam (first-person indicative past singular)
خوردی (indicative past second-person singular)
xórdi (indicative past second-person singular)
خورد (indicative past singular third-person)
xord (indicative past singular third-person)
خوردیم (first-person indicative past plural)
xórdim (first-person indicative past plural)
خوردید (indicative past plural second-person)
xórdid (indicative past plural second-person)
خوردند (indicative past plural third-person)
xórdand (indicative past plural third-person)
میخوردم (first-person indicative past singular)
mí-xordam (first-person indicative past singular)
میخوردی (indicative past second-person singular)
mí-xordi (indicative past second-person singular)
میخورد (indicative past singular third-person)
mí-xord (indicative past singular third-person)
میخوردیم (first-person indicative past plural)
mí-xordim (first-person indicative past plural)
میخوردید (indicative past plural second-person)
mí-xordid (indicative past plural second-person)
میخوردند (indicative past plural third-person)
mí-xordand (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم میخوردم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dấštam mí-xordam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی میخوردی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dấšti mí-xordi (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشت میخورد (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dâšt mí-xord (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم میخوردیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dấštim mí-xordim (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتید میخوردید (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dấštid mí-xordid (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتند میخوردند (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dấštand mí-xordand (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
خورده بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
xordé búdam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
خورده بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
xordé búdi (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
خورده بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
xordé bud (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
خورده بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
xordé búdim (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
خورده بودید (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
xordé búdid (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
خورده بودند (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
xordé búdand (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
خواهم خورد (first-person future indicative singular)
xâhám xord (first-person future indicative singular)
خواهی خورد (future indicative second-person singular)
xâhí xord (future indicative second-person singular)
خواهد خورد (future indicative singular third-person)
xâhád xord (future indicative singular third-person)
خواهیم خورد (first-person future indicative plural)
xâhím xord (first-person future indicative plural)
خواهید خورد (future indicative plural second-person)
xâhíd xord (future indicative plural second-person)
خواهند خورد (future indicative plural third-person)
xâhánd xord (future indicative plural third-person)
بخورم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bóxoram (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بخوری (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bóxori (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بخورد (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bóxorad (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بخوریم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bóxorim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بخورید (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bóxorid (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بخورند (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bóxorand (plural present subjunctive third-person)
خورده باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
xordé bấšam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
خورده باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
xordé bấši (past second-person singular subjunctive)
خورده باشد (past singular subjunctive third-person)
xordé bấšad (past singular subjunctive third-person)
خورده باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
xordé bấšim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
خورده باشید (past plural second-person subjunctive)
xordé bấšid (past plural second-person subjunctive)
خورده باشند (past plural subjunctive third-person)
xordé bấšand (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بخور (imperative second-person singular)
bóxor (imperative second-person singular)
بخورید (imperative plural second-person)
bóxorid (imperative plural second-person)
خوردن (infinitive)
xordán (infinitive)
خور (present stem)
xor (present stem)
خورد (past stem)
xord (past stem)
خورنده (participle present)
xorandé (participle present)
خورده (participle past)
xordé (participle past)
خورم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
xóram (aorist first-person indicative singular)
خوری (aorist indicative second-person singular)
xóri (aorist indicative second-person singular)
خوره (aorist indicative singular third-person)
xóre (aorist indicative singular third-person)
خوریم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
xórim (aorist first-person indicative plural)
خورین (aorist indicative plural second-person)
xórin (aorist indicative plural second-person)
خورن (aorist indicative plural third-person)
xóran (aorist indicative plural third-person)
میخورم (first-person indicative present singular)
mí-xoram (first-person indicative present singular)
میخوری (indicative present second-person singular)
mí-xori (indicative present second-person singular)
میخوره (indicative present singular third-person)
mí-xore (indicative present singular third-person)
میخوریم (first-person indicative plural present)
mí-xorim (first-person indicative plural present)
میخورین (indicative plural present second-person)
mí-xorin (indicative plural present second-person)
میخورن (indicative plural present third-person)
mí-xoran (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم میخورم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dấram mí-xoram (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری میخوری (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dấri mí-xori (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
داره میخوره (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dấre mí-xore (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم میخوریم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dấrim mí-xorim (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارین میخورین (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dấrin mí-xorin (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارن میخورن (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dấran mí-xoran (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
خوردهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
xordám (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
خوردهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
xordí (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
خورده (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
xordé (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
خوردهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
xordím (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
خوردهاین (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
xordín (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
خوردهان (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
xordán (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
خوردم (first-person indicative past singular)
xórdam (first-person indicative past singular)
خوردی (indicative past second-person singular)
xórdi (indicative past second-person singular)
خورد (indicative past singular third-person)
xórd (indicative past singular third-person)
خوردیم (first-person indicative past plural)
xórdim (first-person indicative past plural)
خوردین (indicative past plural second-person)
xórdin (indicative past plural second-person)
خوردن (indicative past plural third-person)
xórdan (indicative past plural third-person)
میخوردم (first-person indicative past singular)
mí-xordam (first-person indicative past singular)
میخوردی (indicative past second-person singular)
mí-xordi (indicative past second-person singular)
میخورد (indicative past singular third-person)
mí-xord (indicative past singular third-person)
میخوردیم (first-person indicative past plural)
mí-xordim (first-person indicative past plural)
میخوردین (indicative past plural second-person)
mí-xordin (indicative past plural second-person)
میخوردن (indicative past plural third-person)
mí-xordan (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم میخوردم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dấštam mí-xordam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی میخوردی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dấšti mí-xordi (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشت میخورد (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dấšt mí-xord (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم میخوردیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dấštim mí-xordim (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتین میخوردین (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dấštin mí-xordin (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتن میخوردن (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dấštan mí-xordan (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
خورده بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
xordé búdam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
خورده بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
xordé búdi (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
خورده بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
xordé bud (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
خورده بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
xordé búdim (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
خورده بودین (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
xordé búdin (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
خورده بودن (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
xordé búdan (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
بخورم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bóxoram (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بخوری (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bóxori (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بخوره (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bóxore (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بخوریم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bóxorim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بخورین (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bóxorin (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بخورن (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bóxoran (plural present subjunctive third-person)
خورده باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
xordé bấšam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
خورده باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
xordé bấši (past second-person singular subjunctive)
خورده باشه (past singular subjunctive third-person)
xordé bấše (past singular subjunctive third-person)
خورده باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
xordé bấšim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
خورده باشین (past plural second-person subjunctive)
xordé bấšin (past plural second-person subjunctive)
خورده باشن (past plural subjunctive third-person)
xordé bấšan (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بخور (imperative second-person singular)
bóxor (imperative second-person singular)
بخورین (imperative plural second-person)
bóxorin (imperative plural second-person)

fa-conj-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">خوردن</i> (xordán) (literary Iranian Persian)

داشتیم میخوردیم

داشتم میخوردم

داشتید میخوردید

داشتی میخوردی

داشتند میخوردند

داریم میخوریم

دارید میخورید

دارند میخورند

fa-conj-colloq-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">خوردن</i> (xordán) (colloquial Tehrani)

داشتیم میخوردیم

داشتم میخوردم

داشتین میخوردین

داشتی میخوردی

داشتن میخوردن

داریم میخوریم

دارین میخورین

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (OŠTEN-tn' /xwardan/), 𐫑𐫇𐫡𐫅𐫗 (k̇wrdn /xwardan/), from Proto-Iranian *hwar- (“to eat, consume”), with further origin unknown. Cognates include Northern Kurdish xwarin (“to eat”), Pashto خوړل (xwaṛə́l, “to eat”), Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (xᵛaraⁱti, “to consume, eat”).
Original meaning of the root was "to take". During the Proto-Iranian period it replaced the native Indo-European root for "to eat" *h₁ed-, perhaps originally being used in a more informal way. The other root has been preserved in several nominal formations, such as Proto-Iranian *HacwaHastiš (“alfalfa”) and Ossetian ад (ad, “taste”) ^(^citation needed).

cog

امروز چی خوردی؟

ملاها میگویند شراب خوردن گناه است.

mollâ-hâ mi-guyand šarâb xordan gonâh ast.

این گاز به شدت فلزات را میخورد.

(transitive) to corrode, to damage, to wear away

مواظب باش بچه، همیشه سرت به میز میخوره.

Be careful kiddo, you always hit your head on the table.

movâzeb bâš bačče, hamiše sar-et be miz mi-xore.

این صندلی به این میز نمیخوره.

(with به) to fit, to match, to suit, to go along with

سرما خوردن

غصه خوردن

سیلی خوردن

to suffer, to receive; used in various compound verbs, often with negative meaning.


دانشجو

head

دانِشْجو • (dânešju) (plural دانِشجویان (dânešjuyân) or دانِشجوها (dânešju-hâ))

دانِشْجو (canonical)
dânešju (romanization)
دانِشجویان (plural)
دانِشجوها (plural)

→ Urdu: دانش جو (dāniś-jū)

[d̪ɒː.neʃ.d͡ʒúː]

Higher education student, a university student


مردم‌سالاری

مردمسالاری • (mardom-sâlâri)

fa-noun

مردمسالاری • (mardom-sâlâri)

مردمسالاری (canonical)
mardom-sâlâri (romanization)

A compound of مردم (mardom, “people”) + سالاری (sâlâri, “rule”), Calque of Ancient Greek δημοκρατία (dēmokratía).

calque

fa:مردم‌سالاری


طوطی

head

طوطی • (tuti) (plural طوطیها (tuti-hâ) or طوطیان (tutiân))

tuti (romanization)
طوطیها (plural)
طوطیان (plural)
طوطی (singular)
tutí (singular)
طوطیها (plural)
tuti-hấ (plural)
طوطیا (colloquial plural)
tutiấ (plural)
طوطی را (definite direct-object singular)
tutí râ (definite direct-object singular)
طوطی رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
tutí ro (definite direct-object singular)
طوطیها را (definite direct-object plural)
tuti-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
طوطیا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
tutiấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
طوطی (ezafe singular)
tutí-ye (ezafe singular)
طوطیهای (ezafe plural)
tuti-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
طوطیای (colloquial ezafe plural)
tutiấ-ye (ezafe plural)
طوطی (definite relative singular)
طوطی (indefinite singular stressed)
tutí (definite relative singular)
tutí (indefinite singular stressed)
طوطیهایی (definite plural relative)
طوطیهایی (indefinite plural stressed)
tuti-hấ-yi (definite plural relative)
tuti-hấ-yi (indefinite plural stressed)
طوطیایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
طوطیایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
tutiấ-yi (definite plural relative)
tutiấ-yi (indefinite plural stressed)
طوطیام (first-person possessive singular)
tutí-am (first-person possessive singular)
Term? (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
tutím (first-person possessive singular)
طوطیهایم (first-person possessive singular)
tuti-hấyam (first-person possessive singular)
طوطیهام، طوطیام (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
tutiấm (first-person possessive singular)
طوطیات (possessive second-person singular)
tutí-at (possessive second-person singular)
طوطیت (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
tutít (possessive second-person singular)
طوطیهایت (possessive second-person singular)
tuti-hấyat (possessive second-person singular)
طوطیهات، طوطیات (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
tutiất (possessive second-person singular)
طوطیاش (possessive singular third-person)
tutí-aš (possessive singular third-person)
طوطیش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
tutíš (possessive singular third-person)
طوطیهایش (possessive singular third-person)
tuti-hấyaš (possessive singular third-person)
طوطیهاش، طوطیاش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
tutiấš (possessive singular third-person)
طوطیمان (first-person plural possessive)
tutíyemân (first-person plural possessive)
طوطیمون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
tutímun (first-person plural possessive)
طوطیهایمان (first-person plural possessive)
tuti-hấyemân (first-person plural possessive)
طوطیهامون، طوطیامون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
tutiấmun (first-person plural possessive)
طوطیتان (plural possessive second-person)
tutíyetân (plural possessive second-person)
طوطیتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
tutítun (plural possessive second-person)
طوطیهایتان (plural possessive second-person)
tuti-hấyetân (plural possessive second-person)
طوطیهاتون، طوطیاتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
tutiấtun (plural possessive second-person)
طوطیشان (plural possessive third-person)
tutíyešân (plural possessive third-person)
طوطیشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
tutíšun (plural possessive third-person)
طوطیهایشان (plural possessive third-person)
tuti-hấyešân (plural possessive third-person)
طوطیهاشون، طوطیاشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
tutiấšun (plural possessive third-person)
طوطیام (first-person predicative singular)
tutí-am (first-person predicative singular)
طوطیایم (first-person plural predicative)
tutí-im (first-person plural predicative)
طوطیای (predicative second-person singular)
tutí-i (predicative second-person singular)
طوطیاید (plural predicative second-person)
tutí-id (plural predicative second-person)
طوطیاین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
tutí-in (plural predicative second-person)
طوطی است (predicative singular third-person)
tutí ast (predicative singular third-person)
طوطیه (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
tutí-e (predicative singular third-person)
طوطیاند (plural predicative third-person)
tutí-and (plural predicative third-person)
طوطیان (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
tutí-an (plural predicative third-person)

desc

→ Georgian: თუთი (tuti), თუთიყუში (tutiq̇uši)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: तोती (totī)

Urdu: طوطی (totī), توتی (totī)

→ Kazakh: тоты (toty)

→ Kyrgyz: тоту (totu)

→ Northern Kurdish: tûtî

→ Ottoman Turkish: توتی (tuti), دودو (dudu), طوطو (dudu, tutu)

Turkish: tutı, tuti, dudu

→ Southern Altai: тотты (tottï)

Borrowed from Sogdian [script needed] (twty /tūtī/) from Indo-Aryan. Compare Middle Armenian թութակ (tʻutʻak), Middle Georgian ტუტაქი (ṭuṭaki), Arabic طُوطَق (ṭūṭaq), طُوطَك (ṭūṭak, “parrot”), Iranian borrowings.


اکتبر

دی

10th month of the solar Persian calendar


شهید

head

شهید • (šahid) (plural شهیدان (šahidân) or شهدا (šohadâ) or شهیدها (šahid-hâ))

šahid (romanization)
شهیدان (plural)
شهدا (plural)
شهیدها (plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: शहीद (śahīd)

Urdu: شَہِید (śahīd)

(honorific) casualty, victim (of a war, a massacre, an accident)


سحر

ما درس سحر در ره میخانه نهادیم
محصول دعا در ره جانانه نهادیم

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 371”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

We have cast away our morning classes on the way to the tavern;
We have cast away the fruits of our prayers on the way to the beloved.

mā dars-i sahar dar rah-i mayxāna nihādēm
mahsūl-i du'ā dar rah-i jānāna nihādēm


فوریه

فِوْرِیِه • (fevriye)

fa-proper noun

فِوْرِیِه • (fevriye)

فِوْرِیِه (canonical)
fevriye (romanization)

Borrowed from French février, from Latin Februārius.


اسلامی

fa-adj

اسلامی • (eslâmi)


امروز

From امـ (em, “to-; this”) + روز (ruz, “day”), from Middle Persian 𐭫𐭣𐭭𐭤 (im, “this”) + 𐭩𐭥𐭬 (rōz, “day”). Compare Mazanderani ام رو (am ro, “today”), Central Kurdish ئەمڕۆ (emrro, “today”), Northern Kurdish îro (“today”), Pashto نن ورځ (nan wraź, “today”).

af

اِمْروز چَنْدُم اَسْت؟ (Iranian Persian)


نوامبر

head

نوامبر • (novâmbr)

fa-proper noun

نوامبر • (novâmbr)

بهمن

11th month of the solar Persian calendar


نوامبر

نومبر نومبر#Persian

(Dari) Alternative form of نومبر (novembar)


آب و هوا

head

آب و هوا • (âb-o-havâ)

fa-noun

آب و هوا • (âb-o-havâ)

→ Azerbaijani: ab-hava

→ Bengali: আবহাওয়া (abôhawa)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: आब-ओ-हवा (āb-o-havā)

Urdu: آب و ہوا (āb-o-havā)

→ Kurdish:

→ Central Kurdish: ئابوھەوا (abuhewa)

→ Ottoman Turkish: آبو هوا

Turkish: abuhava

→ Marwari: आबहवा (ābahvā)

→ Sindhi: آب و هوا (ābu-o havā)

→ Pashto: آب وهوا (ābohawā)

→ Uzbek: ob-havo

[ʔɑː.bʊ hä.wɑː]

[ʔɑː.bʊ hä.wɑː]

[ʔɑː.bʊ ʔä.wɑː]

[ʔɔː.bu ʔä.wɔː]

From آب (âb, “water”) + و (o, “and”) + هوا (havâ, “air”).

af

آب و هوای این شهر آلوده است.

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see آب, و, هوا.


فرهنگی

[fäɾ.häŋ.ɡíː]

[fäɾ.häŋ.ɡíː]

[fä.ɾäŋ.ɡíː]

[fæɹ.hæɲ.ɡʲíː]

[fäɾ.häŋ.ɡí]

From Classical Persian فرهنگ (farhang) + ی (ī).


فرهنگی

[fæɹ.hǽɲ.ɡʲiː]

From Classical Persian فرهنگ (farhang) + ی (ē).

فرهنگ فرهنگ#Persian

marked indefinite/relative definite form of فرهنگ (farháng)


کاهو

head

کاهو • (kâhu)

fa-noun

کاهو • (kâhu)

→ Bashkardi:

Minabi: کاهو (kâhu)

→ Kermanic: kāhū, kāū, kāvū

→ Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: کاهوو (kahû)

→ Pashto: کاهو (kâhu)

→ Shahrudi: کاو (kâu)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (kʾhwk' /kāhōk/, “lettuce”), perhaps whence borrowings Mazanderani کاهوک (kâhuk), کاوک (kâuk), کهوک (kahuk, “lettuce”), ultimately of unknown origin.

inh

Lactuca sativa
Lactuca sativa#Translingual


اوستا

head

اوستا • (avestâ)

fa-proper noun

اوستا • (avestâ)

[ʔä.wäs.t̪ʰɑ́ː]

[ʔä.wäs.t̪ʰɑ́ː]

[ʔä.wäs.t̪ʰɑ́ː]

[ʔä.wäs.t̪ʰɔ́ː]

[ʔä.väs.t̪ʰɔ́]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (abestāg /ʾp(y)stʾk'/). Of unknown meaning, but probably from Avestan; possibly 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬬𐬀𐬐𐬀 (upastāvaka, “praise”), from 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬙𐬌 (upastaoⁱti, “he praises”), from -𐬎𐬞𐬀 (-upa, “up to, at”) << Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)upamás << Proto-Indo-European *upó + 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬙𐬌 (staoⁱti, “he praises”) (see Sanskrit स्तुति (stuti, “praise”)), though this is not actually attested in any Avestan texts.


اوستا

head

اوستا • (ustâ)

fa-noun

اوستا • (ustâ)

استاد استاد#Persian


دریا

head

دَرْیا • (daryâ) (plural دریاها (daryâ-hâ))

دَرْیا (canonical)
daryâ (romanization)
دریاها (plural)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (dlydʾp̄ /drayāb/, “sea”), a merger of āb (“water”) (whence آب (āb)) with Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎹 (d-r-y /draya/, “ocean, sea”), from Proto-Iranian *jráyah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ráyas, likely from the BMAC substrate. Cognate with Northern Kurdish zrê, zerya (“sea”), Avestan 𐬰𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬢𐬵 (zraiiaŋh, “sea”), Sanskrit ज्रयस् (jráyas, “expanse”).

inh

در کنار دریا

دریا در چرخه آب نقش دارد.

The ocean plays a role in the water cycle.

ز عشق ار عاشقی میرد، گنه بر عشق ننهد کس
که بهر غرقه کردن عیب نتوان کرد دریا را

c. 1320, Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī, “Ghazal 3”, in دیوانِ امیرخسرو دهلوی [Divan of Amīr Khusraw]:

If the lover dies of love, nobody holds love accountable,
For one does not blame the sea when a person drowns.

zi išq ar āšiqē mīrad gunah bar išq na-nihad kas
ki bahr-i ğarqa kardan ayb na-tawan kard daryā rā

با کمال احتیاج از خلق استغنا خوش است
با دهان خشک مردن بر لب دریا خوش است

mid-1600s, Ṣāʾib-i Tabrīzī, “Ghazal 1012”, in دیوان [Dīvān]:

To disdain people’s help at the utmost height of neediness is fitting;
To die with a dry mouth at the shore of the ocean is fitting.

bā kamāl-i ihtiyāj az xalq istiğnā xwaš ast
bā dahān-i xušk mordan bar lab-i daryā xwaš ast

آمو دریا

بدو گفت چون رستم پیلتن
ندیده بود کس بهر انجمن
دل شیر دارد تن ژنده پیل
نهنگان برآرد ز دریای نیل

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Tale of Rustam and Isfandiyār”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

He told him, "The elephant-bodied Rustam's like
Has not been seen by anyone in any tribe.
He has a lion's heart and a huge elephant's body,
And he drags out the crocodiles from the River Nile."

bad-ō guft čōn rustam-i pīltan
na-dīda būd kas ba har anjuman
dil-i šēr dārad tan-i žanda pīl
nahangān bar-ārad zi daryā-yi nīl


دریا

head

دَرْیا • (daryâ)

fa-proper noun

دَرْیا • (daryâ)

→ Turkish: Derya

a female given name, Darya, from Middle Persian


کلم

Tajik: карам (karam), калам (kalam)

→ Azerbaijani: kələm

→ Kurdish:

Northern Kurdish: kelem

Central Kurdish: کەلەرم (kelerm)

→ Kyrgyz: керем (kerem)

→ Ottoman Turkish: كلم (kelem)

Turkish: kelem

→ Uzbek: karam

From Middle Persian *kalamb, from Ancient Greek κράμβη (krámbē, “cabbage”).


دیروز

[d̪ʊː.ɾʊ́ːz]

دیروز در حسینیه امام خمینی چه گذشت؟
diruz dar hoseyniyye-ye emâm xomeyni če gozašt? (Iranian reading)dīrōz dar husayniyya-yi imām xumaynī či guzašt? (Dari reading)
What happened yesterday in Imam Khomeini Husayniyya?


دیروز

[d̪ʊː.ɾʊ́ːz]


خیلی

From خیل (xayl／xeyl, “squadron of cavalry; (by extension) army”) + ـی (-ē／-i, indefinite article), literally “an army of”. First usage meaning "very much, many" was in Gulistan in 1058.

af

خیل
<t:squadron of cavalry; (by extension) army>


خیلی

خیلی از (canonical)
xaylē az／xeyli az (romanization)

desc

→ Armenian: խելի (xeli), խեյլի (xeyli), խիլի (xili), ⇒ խել մը (xel mə)

→ Azerbaijani: xeyli

→ Kumyk: хыйлы (xıylı)

→ Kyrgyz: кыйла (kıyla)

хейлах (χejlaχ)

→ Lezgi: хейлин (χejlin), хейлах (χejlaχ)

→ Ottoman Turkish: خیلی

Turkish: hayli

→ Crimean Tatar: hayli

→ Urdu: خَیلے (xaile)

Uzbek: xiyla

خیلی از دوستام فیلمای آمریکایی رو دوست دارن.

A lot of my friends like American movies.

xeyli az dustâm filmâye âmrikâi ro dust dâran.


آبلیمو

head

آبلیمو • (âblimu)

fa-noun

آبلیمو • (âblimu)

From آب + لیمو.


قاعده

head

قاعده • (qâ'ede)

fa-noun

قاعده • (qâ'ede)

→ Bengali: কায়দা (kaẏoda)

→ Gujarati: કાયદો (kāyado)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: क़ायदा (qāydā)

Urdu: قاعِدَہ (qā'ida)

→ Kannada: ಕಾಯ್ದೆ (kāyde)

→ Kazakh: кәде (käde)

→ Marathi: कायदा (kāydā)

→ Odia: କାଇଦା (kāidā)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਇਦਾ (kāidā)

Shahmukhi script: قاعِدہ (qā‘idh)

→ Sindhi:

Arabic script: قاعِدو

Devanagari script: क़ाइदो

[qɑː.ʔɪ.d̪ǽ]

[qɑː.ʔɪ.d̪ǽ]


آناناس

head

آناناس • (ânânâs)

fa-noun

آناناس • (ânânâs)

[ʔɒː.nɒː.nɒ́ːs]


گوجه

→ Gulf Arabic: كوجة (kōja)

From forms of the word treated under گوی (gôy, “ball, globule”) + ـچه (-če, forms diminutives). The similarity to Azerbaijani göyəm and its Turkic family meaning “sloe” is a coincidence.


سپتامبر

head

سپتامبر • (septâmbr)

fa-proper noun

سپتامبر • (septâmbr)


قارچ

head

قارْچ • (qârč) (plural قارچها (qârč-hâ))

قارْچ (canonical)
qârč (romanization)
قارچها (plural)

Compare Central Kurdish قارچک (qarçik). It is not attested in Classical dictionaries. It must be a later formation with suffix -č like نمچ (namç, “humidity, moisture”): the base γ/qār- can be recognized in ﻏﺎری (ğâri, “sponge”), with -ī < -īk, being derived from Proto-Iranian *garH- (“soak, steep, moisten”). Hence perhaps originally meaning "sponge," it displaced سماروغ (samâruğ) in contemporary Iran.


لیمو

→ Arabic: لَيْمُون (laymūn) (see there for further descendants)

→ Ottoman Turkish: لیمون
Turkish: limon

desc

→ Urdu: لیموں (līmūṉ)

→ Urdu: لیموں (līmūṉ)

Borrowed from Sanskrit निम्बू (nimbū, “lime”), of Austroasiatic origin. Also compare Malay limau.


انبه

→ Gujarati: અંબા (ambā)

From Middle Persian *anbag, from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀅 (aṃbaa), from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀅𑀁𑀩-𑀓 (*aṃba-ka), from Sanskrit आम्र (āmra, “mango”).


دماغ

head

دماغ • (damâğ)

fa-noun

دماغ • (damâğ)

→ Bengali: দেমাগ (demag)

→ Hindi: दिमाग़ (dimāġ)

→ Urdu: دِمَاغ (dimāġ)

→ Khalaj: damâğ

[d̪æ.mɒ́ːɢ̥]

Borrowed from Arabic دِمَاغ (dimāḡ, “brain”).

bor+

(Iran) figurative senses
strong inclination

(Iran) figurative senses
disposition, condition, mood

(Dari, otherwise archaic) brain, conceit


بامیه

head

بامیه • (bâmiye)

fa-noun

بامیه • (bâmiye)

Likely related to Arabic بَامِيَة (bāmiya); see there for more. The sweet is named for its resemblance to the vegetable.

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus#Translingual


چوپان

head

چوپان • (čupân)

fa-noun

چوپان • (čupân)

→ Azerbaijani: çoban

→ Crimean Tatar: çoban

desc

→ Gujarati: ચૂબાન (cūbān), ચૂપાન (cūpān)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: चूपान (cūpān)

Urdu: چوپان (cūpān)

→ Kazakh: шопан (şopan)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: چوبان (çoban), شبان (şoban, şuban, şüben), شوبان (şoban, şuban, şüben)
Turkish: çoban
→ Albanian: çoban
→ Armenian: չոբան (čʻoban)
→ Bulgarian: чоба́нин (čobánin)
→ Greek: τσοπάνης (tsopánis)
→ Romanian: cioban
→ Russian: чаба́н (čabán) (usually from other Turkic languages)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: чо̀бан
Latin script: čòban

→ Turkmen: çopan

→ Uzbek: choʻpon

[t͡ʃʰoː.pʰɑ́ːn]

[t͡ʃʰoː.pʰɑ́ːn]

[t͡ʃʰoː.pʰɑ́ːn]

[t͡ʃʰʊː.pʰɔ́ːn]

[t͡ʃʰuː.pʰɒ́ːn]

[t͡ʃʰuː.pʰɒ́ːn]

[t͡ʃʰuː.pʰúːn]

[t͡ʃʰɵ.pʰɔ́n]

From Middle Persian 𐫢𐫇𐫁𐫀𐫗 (šwbʾn /šubān/), from Old Persian *fšupāna-, composed of [script needed] (fšu-, “sheep”) (compare Old Armenian շպետ (špet), Sanskrit पशुपन् (paśupan)) and [script needed] (pāna-, “protector”). Cognate with Pashto شپون (špūn), Baluchi شپانک (šipánk), Northern Kurdish şivan, Zazaki şıwane, Bactrian χοβανο (xobano).


باران

head

باران • (bârân)

fa-noun

باران • (bârân)

→ Azerbaijani: baran

→ Gujarati: બારાન (bārān)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: باران (baran)
Turkish: baran (obsolete)

→ Pashto: باران (bârân)

desc

→ Urdu: باراں (bārā̃)

→ Urdu: باراں (bārā̃)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wʾlʾn' /wārān/) (Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (wʾrʾn /wārān/)), compound of [script needed] (wʾl /wār-/) and [script needed] (-ʾn' /-ān/), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *waHr- (“water; rain”), from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁r- (“water”).
Indo-Iranian cognates include Northern Kurdish baran, Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬭𐬀 (vāra, “rain”), and Sanskrit वार् (vār, “water”). Other Indo-European cognates include Luwian 𒉿𒀀𒅈 (wār, “water”), Old Norse vari (“liquid, water”) and Latin ūrīnor (“to dive”).

inh

باران کلاهش را تر کرده.

منت باران به کشت آرزویش میدهد
غمزهات گر خستهای را تیرباران کرده است

c. 1650, Mīrzā Abū Ṭālib Kalīm, دیوان [Dīvān]:

Your teasing wink fulfills the duty of rain for the field of [my heart’s] desire
Though it has rained [only] a shower of arrows into a wounded [heart].

minnat-i bârân ba kišt-i ârzû-yaš mê-nihad
ğamza-at gar xasta-ê râ tîrbârân karda ast


باران

head

باران • (bârân)

باریدن باریدن#Persian

present participle of باریدن (bâridan, “to rain”)


باران

باران • (bârân)

fa-proper noun

باران • (bârân)

a female given name, Baran, from Middle Persian


ژوئن

head

ژوئن • (žu'an)

fa-proper noun

ژوئن • (žu'an)

Borrowed from French juin, from Old French juin, from Latin iūnius.


منشی

head

منشی • (monši) (plural منشیان (monšiân))

monši (romanization)
منشیان (plural)
منشی (singular)
monší (singular)
منشیان (plural)
monšiấn (plural)
منشیا (colloquial plural)
monšiấ (plural)
منشی را (definite direct-object singular)
monší râ (definite direct-object singular)
منشی رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
monší ro (definite direct-object singular)
منشیان را (definite direct-object plural)
monšiấn râ (definite direct-object plural)
منشیا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
monšiấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
منشی (ezafe singular)
monší-ye (ezafe singular)
منشیان (ezafe plural)
monšiấn-e (ezafe plural)
منشیای (colloquial ezafe plural)
monšiấ-ye (ezafe plural)
منشی (definite relative singular)
منشی (indefinite singular stressed)
monší (definite relative singular)
monší (indefinite singular stressed)
منشیانی (definite plural relative)
منشیانی (indefinite plural stressed)
monšiấn-i (definite plural relative)
monšiấn-i (indefinite plural stressed)
منشیایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
منشیایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
monšiấ-yi (definite plural relative)
monšiấ-yi (indefinite plural stressed)

→ English: munshi

→ Azerbaijani: münşi

خانم مینا شوهرش را در رابطه عاشقانه با منشی اتریشی اش گرفت.

Ms. Mina caught her husband in an affair with her Austrian secretary.


تره

→ Azerbaijani: tərə

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: تره (tere), تره اوتی (tere otu)
Turkish: tere, tere otu
→ Armenian: թառա (tʻaṙa), թէրէ (tʻērē)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (tlk’ /tarrag/, “vegetable”), from [script needed] (tl’ /tarr/, “wet, moist”), compare تر (tar, “wet”).

inh

(archaic) garden herb in general, especially beets, spinach, cresses, leek, parsley, pot-herb

Allium ampeloprasum
Allium ampeloprasum#Translingual

(Iran) Iranian leek, Persian leek (Allium ampeloprasum subsp. persicum, a specific cultivar of the great-headed garlic, Allium ampeloprasum)


فردا

head

فردا • (fardâ)

→ Hindi: फ़र्दा (fardā)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (MHL, pltʾk' /fradāg/, “tomorrow”), from Proto-Iranian *frata- (“early, ahead, front”), an extension of Proto-Iranian *fra- (“front, pro-”). Compare Sanskrit प्रातर् (prātar, “early in the morning; tomorrow”) and German Frühe (“morning”).


فردا

head

فردا • (fardâ)

fa-noun

فردا • (fardâ)


بهمن

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (whwmn’ /wahman/), from Old Persian *Vahumanah, name of the first Amahraspand (divine deity) in Zoroastrianism, guardian of cattle, in Avestan 𐬬𐬊𐬵𐬎 𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬀𐬵 (vohu manah). Also showing botanical meanings in Middle Persian, from which Classical Syriac ܒܗܡܢ (bahman) and Arabic بَهْمَن (bahman) are borrowed.

inh

Bahman, the eleventh month of the solar Persian calendar

Name of the second day of any month of the solar Persian calendar


بهمن

behen, which is cultivated for its flowers and bitter, pungent and potent root vegetable


سیب‌زمینی

سیبزَمینی (canonical)
sib-zamini (romanization)

From سیب (“apple”) + زمینی (“earthly, from earth”), a calque of French pomme de terre.


خربزه

head

خَربُزِه • (xarboze) (plural خربزهها (xarboze-hâ))

خَربُزِه (canonical)
xarboze (romanization)
خربزهها (plural)

→ Abaza: харбыз (xarbəz)

→ Adyghe: къэпраз (qɛpraz)

desc

→ Arabic: خِرْبِز (ḵirbiz, “honeydew melon”)

→ Chechen: хорбаз (xorbaz)

→ Gujarati: ખરભુજા (kharbhujā), ખરબૂજા (kharbūjā)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: ख़रबूज़ा (xarbūzā)

Urdu: خربوزہ (xarbūzā)

→ Ingush: харбаз (xarbaz)

→ Kabardian: хъарбыз (χarbəz)

→ Ossetian: харбыз (xarbyz)

→ Ottoman Turkish: خربز (harbüz), خربزه (harbüze)

→ Old East Slavic: арбузъ (arbuzŭ)

Russian: арбу́з (arbúz)

→ Buryat: арбуз (arbuz)

→ Estonian: arbuus

→ Latvian: arbūzs

→ Lithuanian: arbūzas

→ Polish: arbuz

→ Volga German: Erbus

→ Ukrainian: гарбу́з (harbúz, “pumpkin”)

→ Belarusian: гарбу́з (harbúz)

→ Latgalian: garbuzs, Latgalian: garbūzs

→ Polish: harbuz

→ Romanian: harbuz

→ Turkic: (taking Persian as representative for all Iranian)

Azerbaijani: qarpız

→ Persian: قارپوز (qârpuz)

Bashkir: ҡарбуз (qarbuz)

Crimean Tatar: qarpız

Karachay-Balkar: харбыз (xarbız)

Kazakh: қарбыз (qarbyz)

Kipchak: قربز (karbız)

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: قارپوز (karpuz), գարփուզ (karpuz) — Armeno-Turkish
Turkish: karpuz
→ Abkhaz: а-карпы́жә (a-kʼarpʼə́ẑʷ)
→ Adyghe: хъырбыдз (χərbədz)
→ Albanian: karpuz
→ Bulgarian: карпу́за (karpúza)
→ Greek: καρπούζι (karpoúzi)
→ Kabardian: хъарбыз (χarbəz)
→ Ladino: karpus
→ Serbo-Croatian: kàrpuza / ка̀рпуза

Tatar: карбыз (qarbız)

Turkmen: garpyz

→ Sanskrit: खर्बूज (kharbūja)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (hlbyck' /xarbīzag/, “watermelon”), of unclear origin:
* According to Horn, the latter is formed as 𐮴𐮹 (xar, “ass, donkey”) + 𐮱𐮵𐮿𐮵𐮰 (bwcnʾ /bōzīnʾ/, “cucumber; citron”). The first part is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kʰáras, and the second part is probably related to Proto-Semitic *būṣ-. However, this is considered a folk etymology by Nişanyan.
* According to Pelliot, a reshaping of Sanskrit त्रपुस (trapusa, “the fruit of colocynth”) by popular etymology.
Forms with t- are attested in Persian: تربزه (tarboze), تربز (tarboz, “watermelon”). Akin to Middle Armenian խարպիզակ (xarpizak), խարբզակ (xarbzak), Georgian ხაბურზაკი (xaburzaḳi), ხარბუზაკი (xarbuzaḳi), Iranian borrowings.


ریواس

head

ریواس • (rivâs)

fa-noun

ریواس • (rivâs)

→ Arabic: رِيبَاس (rībās) (see there for further descendants)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (lypʾs /rēbās/, “rhubarb”), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (lypʾs /rēbās, rēbāh/), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *(h)rabā́š ~ *(h)rabacáh.


اهل

اهل طهران

او اهل کجاست؟

inhabitant; native; citizen; often used as an equivalent of English "to be from"

(collectively) people, inhabitants, citizens

اهل دانش

من اهل این حرفا نیستم.

I'm not the kind of person to say things like this.


اهل

در شمیران مردی نیک دیدم، از دربند بود، نامش ابوالفضل خلیفه بن علی الفیلسوف. مردی اهل بود و با ما کرامتها کرد و کرمها نمود و با هم بحثها کردیم و دوستی افتاد میان ما. مرا گفت: چه عزم داری؟ گفتم: سفر قبله را نیت کردهام. گفت: حاجت من آنست که به هنگام مراجعت گذر بر اینجا کنی تا تو را باز ببینم.

c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels]:

In Shemīrān there was a good man from Derbent, whose name was Abū al-Faẓl Khalīfa, son of Alī the Philosopher. He was a noble man, and was generous towards us and showed us courtesies. We chatted with each other, and friendship grew between us. He said to me, "What are your plans?" I said, "I have set my mind on journeying to the qibla." He said, "I hope when you return, you pass by here so that I can see you again."

dar šimīrān mardē nēk dīdam, az darband būd, nām-aš abū-l-fazl xalīfa ben-e alī ul-faylasūf. mardē ahl būd u bā mā karāmat-hā kard u karam-hā nimūd u bā ham bahs-hā kardēm u dōstī uftād miyān-i mā. ma-rā guft: či azam dārī? guftam: safar-i qibla rā niyyat karda-am. guft: hājat-i man ān ast ki ba hangām-i murāja'at guzar bar īnjā kuni tā tu rā bāz bēnam.


لبنان

head

لبنان • (lobnân)

fa-proper noun

لبنان • (lobnân)

Lebanon (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


بغداد

head

بغداد • (bağdâd)

fa-proper noun

بغداد • (bağdâd)

[bäɣ.d̪ɑ́ːd̪]

[bäɣ.d̪ɑ́ːd̪]

[bäɣ.d̪ɑ́ːd̪]

[bäɣ.d̪ɔ́ːd̪̥]

[bæɢ.d̪ɒ́ːd̪̥]

[bäʁ.d̪ɔ́d̪]

Most scholars accept a derivation from Middle Persian 𐭡𐭢𐭣𐭲 (bgdt /bag-dād/, “given by god”), from Old Persian *Bagadātah; compare
Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬕𐬋-𐬛𐬁𐬙𐬀 (baġō-dāta), Proto-Slavic *Bogъdanъ and Polish Bogdan. Other origins have been suggested, and if the place name can be identified with Akkadian 𒄷𒁕𒁺 (ḫu-da-du; bag-da-du /Ḫudadu; Bagdadu/, literally “location characterized with pits, cavities, crevices, deep trenches, or irrigation canals”), it may be of much older provenance than Old Persian.

cog

بغداد بزرگترین شهر عراق و پایتخت این کشور است.

Baghdad is Iraq's largest city and the capital of the country.

bağdâd bozorg-tarin šahr-e 'erâq va pâytaxt-e in kešvar ast.


بی

From earlier ابی (abê), from Middle Persian [script needed] (apě), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”). Compare Old Armenian ապա- (apa-), an Iranian borrowing.


بی

Transliteration of the name of the Latin-script letter b in English and other European languages.


کشور

head

کِشْوَر • (kešvar) (plural کشورها (kešvar-hâ))

کِشْوَر (canonical)
kešvar (romanization)
کشورها (plural)
کشور (singular)
kešvar (singular)
کشورها (plural)
kešvar-hấ (plural)
کشورا (colloquial plural)
kešvarấ (plural)
کشور را (definite direct-object singular)
kešvar râ (definite direct-object singular)
کشور رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
kešvaro (definite direct-object singular)
کشورها را (definite direct-object plural)
kešvar-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
کشورا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
kešvarấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
کشور (ezafe singular)
kešvar-e (ezafe singular)
کشورهای (ezafe plural)
kešvar-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
کشورای (colloquial ezafe plural)
kešvarấ-ye (ezafe plural)
کشوری (definite relative singular)
کشوری (indefinite singular stressed)
kešvar-i (definite relative singular)
kešvar-i (indefinite singular stressed)
کشورهایی (definite plural relative)
کشورهایی (indefinite plural stressed)
kešvarấn-i, kešvar-hấ-i (definite plural relative)
kešvarấn-i, kešvar-hấ-i (indefinite plural stressed)
کشورایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
کشورایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
kešvarấi (definite plural relative)
kešvarấi (indefinite plural stressed)

From Middle Persian 𐭪𐭱𐭥𐭥 (kišvar), from Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬱𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬀 (karšvar, “realm, region; one of the seven realms of the world”), from the root 𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬱𐬀 (karš-, “to plough”) (the same root as کشیدن (kašidan, “to pull, draw, stretch”), hence "a tract of land bordered by a ploughed line".
The term, a Middle Persian ecclesiastical borrowing from Avestan, originally referred to the "seven realms of the (known) world" to the ancient Iranic people, which was virtually only the ancient Indo-Iranian world of Inner Asia. With the expansion of knowledge of the world during the Middle Iranian era, the term expanded to refer to more broader regions. With the secularization of the term following the rise of Islam in Persia, it came to refer to realms, countries, or territories more generally.
Compare Central Kurdish کیشوهر (kîşwer, “continent”), Sogdian 𐫐𐫏𐫢𐫛 (kyšp /kišp/, “country”), and Parthian [script needed] (kišfar).


بادنجان

head

بادنجان • (bâdenjân) (plural بادنجانها (bâdenjân-hâ))

bâdenjân (romanization)
بادنجانها (plural)

desc

Tajik: бодинҷон (bodinjon), бодимҷон (bodimjon), боқлаҷон (boqlajon)

→ Arabic: بَاذِنْجَان (bāḏinjān), بَاتِنْجَان (bātinjān), بَتِنْجَان (batinjān), بِدِنْجَان (bidinjān) (see there for further descendants)

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܦܐܬܠܓܢ (pāṯelgān)

→ Azerbaijani: badımcan

→ Northern Kurdish: balîcan, bacan, balîcan, badincan

Northern Kurdish: bacanê

→ Lishana Deni: באגׄאנא (bājāna), בנגׄאנא (banjāna)

Central Kurdish: بادمجان (badimcan), باینجان (bayincan)

→ Lak: бадуржан (baduržan), бадиржан (badiržan)

→ Lezgi: бадамжан (badamžan)

→ Ottoman Turkish: بادلجان (bâdlicân), بادنجان (badincan), بادنگان (badingan), پاتلجان (patlıcan), پاطلجان (patlıcan) (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkmen: badamjan

→ Urdu: بادنجان (bādinjān, bādanjān)

→ Uyghur: پەتىنگان (petin'gan)

→ Uzbek: baqlajon

→ Zazaki: baincan

[bɑː.d̪ɪn.d͡ʒɑ́ːn]

[bɑː.d̪ɪn.d͡ʒɑ́ːn]

[bɑː.d̪ɪn.d͡ʒɑ́ːn]

From earlier بَادِنْگَان (bādingān), an Indo-Aryan borrowing, from Sanskrit वातिङ्गण (vātiṅgaṇa).


گوجه‌فرنگی

head

گُوْجِهفَرَنْگی

گُوْجِهفَرَنْگی • (gowje-farangi) (plural گوجهفرنگیها (gowje-farangi-hâ))

fa-noun

گُوْجِهفَرَنْگی

گُوْجِهفَرَنْگی (canonical)
gowje-farangi (romanization)
گوجهفرنگیها (plural)

[ɡ̥ow.d͡ʒe.fæ.ɹæɲ.ɡʲíː]

From گوجه (gowje, “plum”) + فرنگی (farangi, “European”). Compare with Dari بادنجان رومی (bādinjān-e rumi, “Roman aubergine”), Bengali বিলাতী বেগুন (bilati begun, “British eggplant”), and Urdu ولایتی بینگن (vilāyatī baiṅgan, “foreign aubergine”).


عذاب

head

عذاب • (azâb)

fa-noun

عذاب • (azâb)

→ Bengali: আজাব (ajab), আযাব (ajab)

→ Bashkir: ғазап (ğazap)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अज़ाब (azāb)

desctree

Urdu: عَذَاب ('azāb)
→ Phalura: azaáb
→ Ushojo: عذاب

→ Kazakh: азап (azap)

→ Kyrgyz: азап (azap)

→ Tatar: газап (ğazap)

→ Turkmen: azap

→ Uyghur: ئازاپ (azap)

→ Uzbek: azob

Etymology tree
Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb)bor.
Persian عذاب
Borrowed from Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb).


دلفین

head

دلفین • (dolfin) (plural دلفینها (dolfin-hâ))

Borrowed from Arabic دُلْفِين (dulfīn), from Ancient Greek δελφίν (delphín).

در موج بحر خشم تو دلفین همی غریق
وز یاد هیبت تو همی اصفر آفتاب

c. 1620, Mīr Dāmād, “Qaṣīda 1”, in دیوان اشراق:

In the wave of the sea of your wrath, the dolphin is always submerged;
And by remembering your dreadfulness, the sun is always yellow [as if with fear].

dar mawj-i bahr-i xišm-i tu dulfīn hamē ğarīq
w-az yād-i haybat-i tu hamē asfar āftāb


سرباز

سَرْباز • (sarbâz) (plural سربازان (sarbâzân) or سربازها (sarbâz-hâ))

سَرْباز (canonical)
sarbâz (romanization)
سربازان (plural)
سربازها (plural)
سرباز (singular)
sarbâz (singular)
سربازان (plural)
sarbâzấn (plural)
سربازا (colloquial plural)
sarbâzấ (plural)
سرباز را (definite direct-object singular)
sarbâz râ (definite direct-object singular)
سرباز رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
sarbâzo (definite direct-object singular)
سربازان را (definite direct-object plural)
sarbâzấn râ (definite direct-object plural)
سربازا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
sarbâzấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
سرباز (ezafe singular)
sarbâz-e (ezafe singular)
سربازان (ezafe plural)
sarbâzấn-e (ezafe plural)
سربازای (colloquial ezafe plural)
sarbâzấ-ye (ezafe plural)
سربازی (definite relative singular)
سربازی (indefinite singular stressed)
sarbâz-i (definite relative singular)
sarbâz-i (indefinite singular stressed)
سربازانی (definite plural relative)
سربازانی (indefinite plural stressed)
sarbâzấn-i (definite plural relative)
sarbâzấn-i (indefinite plural stressed)
سربازایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
سربازایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
sarbâzấi (definite plural relative)
sarbâzấi (indefinite plural stressed)
سربازم (first-person possessive singular)
sarbâzam (first-person possessive singular)
سربازهایم (first-person possessive singular)
sarbâz-hấyam (first-person possessive singular)
سربازهام، سربازام (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
sarbâzấm (first-person possessive singular)
سربازت (possessive second-person singular)
sarbâzat (possessive second-person singular)
Term? (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
sarbâzet (possessive second-person singular)
سربازهایت (possessive second-person singular)
sarbâz-hấyat (possessive second-person singular)
سربازهات، سربازات (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
sarbâzất (possessive second-person singular)
سربازش (possessive singular third-person)
sarbâzaš (possessive singular third-person)
Term? (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
sarbâzeš (possessive singular third-person)
سربازهایش (possessive singular third-person)
sarbâz-hấyaš (possessive singular third-person)
سربازهاش، سربازاش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
sarbâzấš (possessive singular third-person)
سربازمان (first-person plural possessive)
sarbâzemân (first-person plural possessive)
سربازمون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
sarbâzemun (first-person plural possessive)
سربازهایمان (first-person plural possessive)
sarbâz-hấyemân (first-person plural possessive)
سربازهامون، سربازامون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
sarbâzấmun (first-person plural possessive)
سربازتان (plural possessive second-person)
sarbâzetân (plural possessive second-person)
سربازتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
sarbâzetun (plural possessive second-person)
سربازهایتان (plural possessive second-person)
sarbâz-hấyetân (plural possessive second-person)
سربازهاتون، سربازاتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
sarbâzấtun (plural possessive second-person)
سربازشان (plural possessive third-person)
sarbâzešân (plural possessive third-person)
سربازشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
sarbâzešun (plural possessive third-person)
سربازهایشان (plural possessive third-person)
sarbâz-hấyešân (plural possessive third-person)
سربازهاشون، سربازاشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
sarbâzấšun (plural possessive third-person)
سربازم (first-person predicative singular)
sarbâzam (first-person predicative singular)
سربازیم (first-person plural predicative)
sarbâzim (first-person plural predicative)
سربازی (predicative second-person singular)
sarbâzi (predicative second-person singular)
سربازید (plural predicative second-person)
sarbâzid (plural predicative second-person)
سربازین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
sarbâzin (plural predicative second-person)
سرباز است (predicative singular third-person)
sarbâz ast (predicative singular third-person)
سربازه (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
sarbâze (predicative singular third-person)
سربازند (plural predicative third-person)
sarbâzand (plural predicative third-person)
سربازن (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
sarbâzan (plural predicative third-person)

→ Azerbaijani: sərbaz

→ Kazakh: сарбаз (sarbaz)

→ Uzbek: sarboz

From سر (sar, “head”) + باز (-bâz, “to loose, to let go”).

compound

ما همه سرباز توایم خمینی، گوش به فرمان توایم خمینی (a motto during the Iranian Revolution)

We are all your soldiers, Khomeini; we all heed your command, Khomeini.

mâ hame sarbâz-e to-im xomeyni, guš be farmân-e to-im xomeyni


سرباز

head

سَرْباز • (sarbâz)

fa-proper noun

سَرْباز • (sarbâz)

سَرْباز (canonical)
sarbâz (romanization)

Sistan and Baluchestan
w:Sistan and Baluchestan

Sarbaz (a city and county of Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran)


پرتقال

portoqâl (romanization)
porteqâl (romanization)

→ Khalaj: purtəğâl

[pʰoɹ.t̪ʰo.ʁɒ́ːl̥]

[pʰoɹ.t̪ʰe.ʁɒ́ːl̥]

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پورتقال (portokal, portakal).

bor+

(Mughal empire)


پرتقال

پرتغال پرتغال#Persian

Obsolete form of پرتغال (portoğâl, “Portugal”)


هندوانه

head

هندوانه • (hendevâne) (plural هندوانهها (hendevâne-hâ))

hendevâne (romanization)
هندوانهها (plural)

→ Khalaj: hunduvâna

→ Pashto: هندوانه (hindvāná)

→ Punjabi: hiṉdvāṇā

Gurmukhi script: ਹਿੰਦਵਾਣਾ

Shahmukhi script: ہندواݨہ

By surface analysis, هندو (hendu, “Indian”) + ـانه (-âne).

surf

دو تا هندوانه را با یک دست برداشتن

do tâ hendevâne râ bâ yek dast bardâštan


فرهنگ

head

فَرْهَنْگ • (farhang) (plural فَرهَنگها (farhang-hâ))

فَرْهَنْگ (canonical)
farhang (romanization)
فَرهَنگها (plural)
فرهنگ (singular)
farhang (singular)
فرهنگها (plural)
farhang-hấ (plural)
فرهنگا (colloquial plural)
farhangấ (plural)
فرهنگ را (definite direct-object singular)
farhang râ (definite direct-object singular)
فرهنگ رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
farhango (definite direct-object singular)
فرهنگها را (definite direct-object plural)
farhang-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
فرهنگا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
farhangấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
فرهنگ (ezafe singular)
farhang-e (ezafe singular)
فرهنگهای (ezafe plural)
farhang-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
فرهنگای (colloquial ezafe plural)
farhangấ-ye (ezafe plural)
فرهنگی (definite relative singular)
فرهنگی (indefinite singular stressed)
farhang-i (definite relative singular)
farhang-i (indefinite singular stressed)
فرهنگهایی (definite plural relative)
فرهنگهایی (indefinite plural stressed)
farhangấn-i, farhang-hấ-i (definite plural relative)
farhangấn-i, farhang-hấ-i (indefinite plural stressed)
فرهنگایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
فرهنگایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
farhangấi (definite plural relative)
farhangấi (indefinite plural stressed)
فرهنگم (first-person possessive singular)
farhangam (first-person possessive singular)
فرهنگهایم (first-person possessive singular)
farhang-hấyam (first-person possessive singular)
فرهنگهام، فرهنگام (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
farhangấm (first-person possessive singular)
فرهنگت (possessive second-person singular)
farhangat (possessive second-person singular)
Term? (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
farhanget (possessive second-person singular)
فرهنگهایت (possessive second-person singular)
farhang-hấyat (possessive second-person singular)
فرهنگهات، فرهنگات (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
farhangất (possessive second-person singular)
فرهنگش (possessive singular third-person)
farhangaš (possessive singular third-person)
Term? (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
farhangeš (possessive singular third-person)
فرهنگهایش (possessive singular third-person)
farhang-hấyaš (possessive singular third-person)
فرهنگهاش، فرهنگاش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
farhangấš (possessive singular third-person)
فرهنگمان (first-person plural possessive)
farhangemân (first-person plural possessive)
فرهنگمون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
farhangemun (first-person plural possessive)
فرهنگهایمان (first-person plural possessive)
farhang-hấyemân (first-person plural possessive)
فرهنگهامون، فرهنگامون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
farhangấmun (first-person plural possessive)
فرهنگتان (plural possessive second-person)
farhangetân (plural possessive second-person)
فرهنگتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
farhangetun (plural possessive second-person)
فرهنگهایتان (plural possessive second-person)
farhang-hấyetân (plural possessive second-person)
فرهنگهاتون، فرهنگاتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
farhangấtun (plural possessive second-person)
فرهنگشان (plural possessive third-person)
farhangešân (plural possessive third-person)
فرهنگشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
farhangešun (plural possessive third-person)
فرهنگهایشان (plural possessive third-person)
farhang-hấyešân (plural possessive third-person)
فرهنگهاشون، فرهنگاشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
farhangấšun (plural possessive third-person)
فرهنگ (singular)
farhang (singular)
فرهنگها (plural)
farhang-hā́ (plural)
فرهنگ را (definite direct-object singular)
farhang rā́ (definite direct-object singular)
فرهنگ ره (Dari colloquial definite direct-object singular)
farhanga (definite direct-object singular)
فرهنگها را (definite direct-object plural)
farhang-hā́ rā́ (definite direct-object plural)
فرهنگا ره (Dari colloquial definite direct-object plural)
farhangā́ ra (definite direct-object plural)
فرهنگ (singular)
farhang-i (singular)
فرهنگهای (plural)
farhang-hā́-yi (plural)
فرهنگای (Dari colloquial plural)
farhangā́-yi (plural)
فرهنگی (singular)
farhang-ē (singular)
فرهنگهایی (plural)
farhangā́n-ē, farhang-hā́-ē (plural)
فرهنگایی (Dari colloquial plural)
farhangā́-yē (plural)
فرهنگم (first-person possessive singular)
farhangam (first-person possessive singular)
فرهنگهایم (first-person possessive singular)
farhang-hā́yam (first-person possessive singular)
فرهنگایم (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
farhangā́ym (first-person possessive singular)
فرهنگت (possessive second-person singular)
farhangat (possessive second-person singular)
فرهنگهایت (possessive second-person singular)
farhang-hā́yat (possessive second-person singular)
فرهنگایت (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
farhangā́yt (possessive second-person singular)
فرهنگش (possessive singular third-person)
farhangaš (possessive singular third-person)
فرهنگشِی (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
farhangšī (possessive singular third-person)
فرهنگهایش (possessive singular third-person)
farhang-hā́yaš (possessive singular third-person)
فرهنگایش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
farhangā́yš (possessive singular third-person)
فرهنگمان (first-person plural possessive)
farhangimān (first-person plural possessive)
فرهنگما (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
farhangimā (first-person plural possessive)
فرهنگهایمان (first-person plural possessive)
farhang-hā́yimān (first-person plural possessive)
فرهنگایما (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
farhangā́ymā (first-person plural possessive)
فرهنگتان (plural possessive second-person)
farhangitān (plural possessive second-person)
فرهنگهایتان (plural possessive second-person)
farhang-hā́yitān (plural possessive second-person)
فرهنگایتان (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
farhangā́ytān (plural possessive second-person)
فرهنگشان (plural possessive third-person)
farhangišān (plural possessive third-person)
فرهنگهایشان (plural possessive third-person)
farhang-hā́yišān (plural possessive third-person)
فرهنگایشان (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
farhangā́yšān (plural possessive third-person)

[fæɹ.hǽɲɡʲ̥]

Deverbal noun of فرهیختن (farhixtan). From Middle Persian plʾhng (/frahang/, “education, knowledge; dictionary”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *θanǰáyati; see there for further information. Compare Old Armenian հրահանգ (hrahang), an Iranian loanword.

inh

نشان فرهنگ و هنر

فرهنگ و تمدن ایران

تکیه بر عقل خود و فرهنگ خویش / بودمان تا این بلا آمد به پیش

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume VI, verse 3781:

We relied on our own intelligence and wisdom, so that this tribulation has come to pass.

takye bar 'aql-e xod o farhang-e xiš / bud-emân tâ in balâ âmad be piš


فرهنگ

فَرهَنگ (canonical)
farhang (romanization)

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→ Urdu: فَرہَنگ

→ Urdu: فَرہَنگ

[fæɹ.hǽɲɡʲ̥]


دست شما درد نکنه

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دست شما درد نکنه • (dast-e šomâ dard nakone)

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→ Azerbaijani: əllərin(iz) ağrımasın (calque)


پیاز

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پیاز • (piyâz) (plural پیازها (piyâz-hâ))

→ Assamese: পিয়াঁজ (piãz)

→ Bengali: পেঁয়াজ (pẽẏaj)

→ Gujarati: પ્યાજ (pyāj)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: प्याज़ (pyāz)

Urdu: پیاز (pyāz)

→ Kazakh: пияз (piäz)

→ Kyrgyz: пияз (piyaz)

→ Maithili: पेआजु (pēājʉ)

→ Magahi: 𑂣𑂵𑂄𑂔𑂳 (peāju)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਪਿਆਜ਼ (piāza)

Shahmukhi script: پیاز (peyāz)

→ Uyghur: پىياز (piyaz)

→ Uzbek: piyoz

→ Chinese: 皮芽子, 皮牙子 (píyázi)

Inherited from Proto-Iranian; compare Sogdian [script needed] (pyʾk /piyāk/, “onion”), Khotanese pau (“onion”). Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peyḱ-; compare Ancient Greek πικρός (pikrós, “bitter”).


پسته

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پسته • (peste) (plural پستهها (peste-hâ))

→ Azerbaijani: püstə

→ Bengali: পেস্তা (pesta)

→ Georgian: ფისტა (pisṭa)

→ Gujarati: પિસ્તા (pistā)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: पिस्ता (pistā)

Urdu: پستہ (pistā)

→ Kazakh: пісте (pıste)

→ Khalaj: pistə

→ Marathi: पिस्ता (pistā)

→ Ottoman Turkish: پسته (piste)

→ Pashto: پسته (pistá)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਪਿਸਤਾ (pistā)

Shahmukhi script: پستا (pistā)

→ Sindhi: پستو (pisto)

→ Tatar: пестә (pestä)

→ Uzbek: pista

From Middle Persian pstk' (/pistag/, “pistachio nut”), from Old Persian *pistaka, attested as Elamite [Term?] (/pi-iš-tuk-ka₄/, “pistachio nut”). Related to Persian بسته (boste, “nut”), cognate with Sanskrit बुस्त (busta, “husk or shell of fruit”).


سوسک

سوسک حمام
سوسک حمام#Persian

cockroach; short for سوسک حمام (susk-e hammâm).


مایو

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مایو • (mâyo)

fa-noun

مایو • (mâyo)

swimming costume, bathing suit, swimsuit


عابر بانک

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عابر بانک • ('âber bânk)


هلو

A Northwestern Iranian doublet of آلو (âlu, “plum”), compare Mazanderani هلی (halī, “plum”), Northern Kurdish hilîk, hilûk, halûk, helûje, hulîk, hulûk, helû, hulû etc., Central Kurdish هەڵووچە (hellûçe), هەڵووژە (hellûje, “plum”).


هلو

fa-adj

هلو • (holu) (comparative هلوتَر (holu-tar), superlative هلوتَرین (holu-tarin))

holu (romanization)
هلوتَر (comparative)
هلوتَرین (superlative)

(chiefly Iran, slang) stunning, sexy, attractive, pretty


هلو

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هلو • (halô)