زدن

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زَدَن • (zadan) (present stem ﺯَن (zan))

زَدَن (canonical)
zadan (romanization)
ﺯَن (present stem)
زدن (infinitive)
zadán (infinitive)
زن (present stem)
zan (present stem)
زد (past stem)
zad (past stem)
زننده (participle present)
zanandé (participle present)
زده (participle past)
zadé (participle past)
زنم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
zánam (aorist first-person indicative singular)
زنی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
záni (aorist indicative second-person singular)
زند (aorist indicative singular third-person)
zánad (aorist indicative singular third-person)
زنیم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
zánim (aorist first-person indicative plural)
زنید (aorist indicative plural second-person)
zánid (aorist indicative plural second-person)
زنند (aorist indicative plural third-person)
zánand (aorist indicative plural third-person)
میزنم (first-person indicative present singular)
mí-zanam (first-person indicative present singular)
میزنی (indicative present second-person singular)
mí-zani (indicative present second-person singular)
میزند (indicative present singular third-person)
mí-zanad (indicative present singular third-person)
میزنیم (first-person indicative plural present)
mí-zanim (first-person indicative plural present)
میزنید (indicative plural present second-person)
mí-zanid (indicative plural present second-person)
میزنند (indicative plural present third-person)
mí-zanand (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم میزنم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dấram mí-zanam (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری میزنی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dấri mí-zani (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
دارد میزند (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dấrad mí-zanad (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم میزنیم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dấrim mí-zanim (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارید میزنید (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dấrid mí-zanid (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارند میزنند (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dấrand mí-zanand (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
زدهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
zadé-am (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
زدهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
zadé-i (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
زده است (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
zadé ast (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
زدهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
zadé-im (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
زدهاید (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
zadé-id (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
زدهاند (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
zadé-and (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
زدم (first-person indicative past singular)
zádam (first-person indicative past singular)
زدی (indicative past second-person singular)
zádi (indicative past second-person singular)
زد (indicative past singular third-person)
zad (indicative past singular third-person)
زدیم (first-person indicative past plural)
zádim (first-person indicative past plural)
زدید (indicative past plural second-person)
zádid (indicative past plural second-person)
زدند (indicative past plural third-person)
zádand (indicative past plural third-person)
میزدم (first-person indicative past singular)
mí-zadam (first-person indicative past singular)
میزدی (indicative past second-person singular)
mí-zadi (indicative past second-person singular)
میزد (indicative past singular third-person)
mí-zad (indicative past singular third-person)
میزدیم (first-person indicative past plural)
mí-zadim (first-person indicative past plural)
میزدید (indicative past plural second-person)
mí-zadid (indicative past plural second-person)
میزدند (indicative past plural third-person)
mí-zadand (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم میزدم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dấštam mí-zadam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی میزدی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dấšti mí-zadi (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشت میزد (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dâšt mí-zad (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم میزدیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dấštim mí-zadim (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتید میزدید (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dấštid mí-zadid (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتند میزدند (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dấštand mí-zadand (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
زده بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
zadé búdam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
زده بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
zadé búdi (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
زده بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
zadé bud (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
زده بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
zadé búdim (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
زده بودید (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
zadé búdid (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
زده بودند (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
zadé búdand (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
خواهم زد (first-person future indicative singular)
xâhám zad (first-person future indicative singular)
خواهی زد (future indicative second-person singular)
xâhí zad (future indicative second-person singular)
خواهد زد (future indicative singular third-person)
xâhád zad (future indicative singular third-person)
خواهیم زد (first-person future indicative plural)
xâhím zad (first-person future indicative plural)
خواهید زد (future indicative plural second-person)
xâhíd zad (future indicative plural second-person)
خواهند زد (future indicative plural third-person)
xâhánd zad (future indicative plural third-person)
بزنم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bézanam (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بزنی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bézani (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بزند (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bézanad (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بزنیم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bézanim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بزنید (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bézanid (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بزنند (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bézanand (plural present subjunctive third-person)
زده باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
zadé bấšam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
زده باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
zadé bấši (past second-person singular subjunctive)
زده باشد (past singular subjunctive third-person)
zadé bấšad (past singular subjunctive third-person)
زده باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
zadé bấšim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
زده باشید (past plural second-person subjunctive)
zadé bấšid (past plural second-person subjunctive)
زده باشند (past plural subjunctive third-person)
zadé bấšand (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بزن (imperative second-person singular)
bézan (imperative second-person singular)
بزنید (imperative plural second-person)
bézanid (imperative plural second-person)
زدن (infinitive)
zadán (infinitive)
زن (present stem)
zan (present stem)
زد (past stem)
zad (past stem)
زننده (participle present)
zanandé (participle present)
زده (participle past)
zadé (participle past)
زنم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
zánam (aorist first-person indicative singular)
زنی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
záni (aorist indicative second-person singular)
زنه (aorist indicative singular third-person)
záne (aorist indicative singular third-person)
زنیم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
zánim (aorist first-person indicative plural)
زنین (aorist indicative plural second-person)
zánin (aorist indicative plural second-person)
زنن (aorist indicative plural third-person)
zánan (aorist indicative plural third-person)
میزنم (first-person indicative present singular)
mí-zanam (first-person indicative present singular)
میزنی (indicative present second-person singular)
mí-zani (indicative present second-person singular)
میزنه (indicative present singular third-person)
mí-zane (indicative present singular third-person)
میزنیم (first-person indicative plural present)
mí-zanim (first-person indicative plural present)
میزنین (indicative plural present second-person)
mí-zanin (indicative plural present second-person)
میزنن (indicative plural present third-person)
mí-zanan (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم میزنم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dấram mí-zanam (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری میزنی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dấri mí-zani (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
داره میزنه (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dấre mí-zane (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم میزنیم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dấrim mí-zanim (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارین میزنین (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dấrin mí-zanin (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارن میزنن (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dấran mí-zanan (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
زدهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
zadám (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
زدهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
zadí (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
زده (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
zadé (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
زدهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
zadím (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
زدهاین (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
zadín (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
زدهان (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
zadán (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
زدم (first-person indicative past singular)
zádam (first-person indicative past singular)
زدی (indicative past second-person singular)
zádi (indicative past second-person singular)
زد (indicative past singular third-person)
zád (indicative past singular third-person)
زدیم (first-person indicative past plural)
zádim (first-person indicative past plural)
زدین (indicative past plural second-person)
zádin (indicative past plural second-person)
زدن (indicative past plural third-person)
zádan (indicative past plural third-person)
میزدم (first-person indicative past singular)
mí-zadam (first-person indicative past singular)
میزدی (indicative past second-person singular)
mí-zadi (indicative past second-person singular)
میزد (indicative past singular third-person)
mí-zad (indicative past singular third-person)
میزدیم (first-person indicative past plural)
mí-zadim (first-person indicative past plural)
میزدین (indicative past plural second-person)
mí-zadin (indicative past plural second-person)
میزدن (indicative past plural third-person)
mí-zadan (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم میزدم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dấštam mí-zadam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی میزدی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dấšti mí-zadi (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشت میزد (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dấšt mí-zad (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم میزدیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dấštim mí-zadim (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتین میزدین (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dấštin mí-zadin (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتن میزدن (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dấštan mí-zadan (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
زده بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
zadé búdam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
زده بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
zadé búdi (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
زده بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
zadé bud (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
زده بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
zadé búdim (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
زده بودین (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
zadé búdin (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
زده بودن (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
zadé búdan (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
بزنم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bézanam (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بزنی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bézani (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بزنه (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bézane (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بزنیم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bézanim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بزنین (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bézanin (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بزنن (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bézanan (plural present subjunctive third-person)
زده باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
zadé bấšam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
زده باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
zadé bấši (past second-person singular subjunctive)
زده باشه (past singular subjunctive third-person)
zadé bấše (past singular subjunctive third-person)
زده باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
zadé bấšim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
زده باشین (past plural second-person subjunctive)
zadé bấšin (past plural second-person subjunctive)
زده باشن (past plural subjunctive third-person)
zadé bấšan (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بزن (imperative second-person singular)
bézan (imperative second-person singular)
بزنین (imperative plural second-person)
bézanin (imperative plural second-person)
زدن (infinitive)
zadán (infinitive)
زن (present stem)
zan (present stem)
زد (past stem)
zad (past stem)
زننده (participle present)
zanindá (participle present)
زده (participle past)
zadá (participle past)
زنم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
zánam (aorist first-person indicative singular)
زنی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
zánī (aorist indicative second-person singular)
زند (aorist indicative singular third-person)
zánad (aorist indicative singular third-person)
زنیم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
zánēm (aorist first-person indicative plural)
زنید (aorist indicative plural second-person)
zánēd (aorist indicative plural second-person)
زنند (aorist indicative plural third-person)
zánand (aorist indicative plural third-person)
میزنم (first-person indicative present singular)
mḗ-zanam (first-person indicative present singular)
میزنی (indicative present second-person singular)
mḗ-zanī (indicative present second-person singular)
میزند (indicative present singular third-person)
mḗ-zanad (indicative present singular third-person)
میزنیم (first-person indicative plural present)
mḗ-zanēm (first-person indicative plural present)
میزنید (indicative plural present second-person)
mḗ-zanēd (indicative plural present second-person)
میزنند (indicative plural present third-person)
mḗ-zanand (indicative plural present third-person)
در حال زدن استم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dar hāl-i zadan astam (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
در حال زدن استی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dar hāl-i zadan astī (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
در حال زدن است (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dar hāl-i zadan ast (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
در حال زدن استیم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dar hāl-i zadan astēm (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
در حال زدن استید (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dar hāl-i zadan astēd (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
در حال زدن استند (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dar hāl-i zadan astand (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
زدهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
zadá-am (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
زدهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
zadá-ī (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
زدهاست (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
zadá ast (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
زدهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
zadá-ēn (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
زدهاید (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
zadá-ēd (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
زدهاند (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
zadá-and (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
زدم (first-person indicative past singular)
zádam (first-person indicative past singular)
زدی (indicative past second-person singular)
zádī (indicative past second-person singular)
زد (indicative past singular third-person)
zad (indicative past singular third-person)
زدیم (first-person indicative past plural)
zádēm (first-person indicative past plural)
زدید (indicative past plural second-person)
zádēd (indicative past plural second-person)
زدند (indicative past plural third-person)
zádand (indicative past plural third-person)
میزدم (first-person indicative past singular)
mḗ-zadam (first-person indicative past singular)
میزدی (indicative past second-person singular)
mḗ-zadī (indicative past second-person singular)
میزد (indicative past singular third-person)
mḗ-zad (indicative past singular third-person)
میزدیم (first-person indicative past plural)
mḗ-zadēm (first-person indicative past plural)
میزدید (indicative past plural second-person)
mḗ-zadēd (indicative past plural second-person)
میزدند (indicative past plural third-person)
mḗ-zadand (indicative past plural third-person)
در حال زدن بودم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dar hāl-i zadan būdam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
در حال زدن بودی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dar hāl-i zadan būdī (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
در حال زدن بود (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dar hāl-i zadan būd (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
در حال زدن بودیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dar hāl-i zadan būdēm (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
در حال زدن بودید (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dar hāl-i zadan būdēd (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
در حال زدن بودند (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dar hāl-i zadan būdand (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
زده بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
zadá bū́dam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
زده بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
zadá bū́dī (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
زده بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
zadá būd (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
زده بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
zadá bū́dēm (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
زده بودید (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
zadá bū́dēd (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
زده بودند (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
zadá bū́dand (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
خواهم زد (first-person future indicative singular)
xāhám zad (first-person future indicative singular)
خواهی زد (future indicative second-person singular)
xāhī́ zad (future indicative second-person singular)
خواهد زد (future indicative singular third-person)
xāhád zad (future indicative singular third-person)
خواهیم زد (first-person future indicative plural)
xāhḗm zad (first-person future indicative plural)
خواهید زد (future indicative plural second-person)
xāhḗd zad (future indicative plural second-person)
خواهند زد (future indicative plural third-person)
xāhánd zad (future indicative plural third-person)
بزنم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bízanam (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بزنی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bízanī (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بزند (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bízanad (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بزنیم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bízanēm (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بزنید (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bízanēd (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بزنند (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bízanand (plural present subjunctive third-person)
زده باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
zadá bā́šam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
زده باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
zadá bā́šī (past second-person singular subjunctive)
زده باشد (past singular subjunctive third-person)
zadá bā́šad (past singular subjunctive third-person)
زده باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
zadá bā́šēm (first-person past plural subjunctive)
زده باشید (past plural second-person subjunctive)
zadá bā́šēd (past plural second-person subjunctive)
زده باشند (past plural subjunctive third-person)
zadá bā́šand (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بزن (imperative second-person singular)
bízan (imperative second-person singular)
بزنید (imperative plural second-person)
bízanēd (imperative plural second-person)
زدن (infinitive)
zadán (infinitive)
زن (present stem)
zan (present stem)
زد (past stem)
zad (past stem)
زننده (participle present)
zanindá (participle present)
زده (participle past)
zadá (participle past)
زنم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
zánum (aorist first-person indicative singular)
زنی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
zánī (aorist indicative second-person singular)
زنه (aorist indicative singular third-person)
zána (aorist indicative singular third-person)
زنیم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
zánēm (aorist first-person indicative plural)
زنین (aorist indicative plural second-person)
zánēn (aorist indicative plural second-person)
زنن (aorist indicative plural third-person)
zánan (aorist indicative plural third-person)
میزنم (first-person indicative present singular)
mḗ-zanum (first-person indicative present singular)
میزنی (indicative present second-person singular)
mḗ-zanī (indicative present second-person singular)
میزنه (indicative present singular third-person)
mḗ-zana (indicative present singular third-person)
میزنیم (first-person indicative plural present)
mḗ-zanēm (first-person indicative plural present)
میزنین (indicative plural present second-person)
mḗ-zanēn (indicative plural present second-person)
میزنن (indicative plural present third-person)
mḗ-zanan (indicative plural present third-person)
ده آل زدن استم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
da āl-i zadan astum (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
ده آل زدن استی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
da āl-i zadan astī (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
ده آل زدن است (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
da āl-i zadan ast (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
ده آل زدن استیم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
da āl-i zadan astēm (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
ده آل زدن استین (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
da āl-i zadan astēn (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
ده آل زدن استن (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
da āl-i zadan astan (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
زدم (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
zadám (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
زدی (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
zadī́ (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
زداست (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
zadást (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
زدیم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
zadḗm (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
زدین (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
zadḗn (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
زدن (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
zadán (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
زدم (first-person indicative past singular)
zádum (first-person indicative past singular)
زدی (indicative past second-person singular)
zádī (indicative past second-person singular)
زده (indicative past singular third-person)
zada (indicative past singular third-person)
زدیم (first-person indicative past plural)
zádēm (first-person indicative past plural)
زدین (indicative past plural second-person)
zádēn (indicative past plural second-person)
زدن (indicative past plural third-person)
zádan (indicative past plural third-person)
میزدم (first-person indicative past singular)
mḗ-zadum (first-person indicative past singular)
میزدی (indicative past second-person singular)
mḗ-zadī (indicative past second-person singular)
میزده (indicative past singular third-person)
mḗ-zada (indicative past singular third-person)
میزدیم (first-person indicative past plural)
mḗ-zadēm (first-person indicative past plural)
میزدین (indicative past plural second-person)
mḗ-zadēn (indicative past plural second-person)
میزدن (indicative past plural third-person)
mḗ-zadan (indicative past plural third-person)
ده آل زدن بودم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
da āl-i zadan būdum (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
ده آل زدن بودی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
da āl-i zadan būdī (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
ده آل زدن بود (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
da āl-i zadan būd (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
ده آل زدن بودیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
da āl-i zadan būdēm (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
ده آل زدن بودین (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
da āl-i zadan būdēn (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
ده آل زدن بودن (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
da āl-i zadan būdan (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
زده بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
zadá bū́dum (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
زده بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
zadá bū́dī (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
زده بوده (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
zadá būda (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
زده بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
zadá bū́dēm (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
زده بودین (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
zadá bū́dēn (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
زده بودن (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
zadá bū́dan (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
خوایم زد (first-person future indicative singular)
xāyyúm zad (first-person future indicative singular)
خوایی زد (future indicative second-person singular)
xāyyī́ zad (future indicative second-person singular)
خوایه زد (future indicative singular third-person)
xāyyá zad (future indicative singular third-person)
خواییم زد (first-person future indicative plural)
xāyyḗm zad (first-person future indicative plural)
خوایین زد (future indicative plural second-person)
xāyyḗn zad (future indicative plural second-person)
خواین زد (future indicative plural third-person)
xāyyán zad (future indicative plural third-person)
بزنم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bízanum (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بزنی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bízanī (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بزنه (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bízana (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بزنیم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bízanēm (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بزنین (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bízanēn (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بزنن (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bízanan (plural present subjunctive third-person)
زده باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
zadá bā́šam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
زده باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
zadá bā́šī (past second-person singular subjunctive)
زده باشه (past singular subjunctive third-person)
zadá bā́ša (past singular subjunctive third-person)
زده باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
zadá bā́šēm (first-person past plural subjunctive)
زده باشین (past plural second-person subjunctive)
zadá bā́šēn (past plural second-person subjunctive)
زده باشن (past plural subjunctive third-person)
zadá bā́šan (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بزن (imperative second-person singular)
bízan (imperative second-person singular)
بزنین (imperative plural second-person)
bízanēn (imperative plural second-person)

fa-conj-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">زدن</i> (zadán) (literary Iranian Persian)

داشتیم میزدیم

داشتید میزدید

داشتند میزدند

داریم میزنیم

دارید میزنید

دارند میزنند

fa-conj-colloq-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">زدن</i> (zadán) (colloquial Tehrani)

داشتیم میزدیم

داشتین میزدین

داریم میزنیم

دارین میزنین

fa-conj-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">زدن</i> (zadán) (literary Dari Persian)

در حال زدن بودیم

در حال زدن بودم

در حال زدن بودید

در حال زدن بودی

در حال زدن بودند

در حال زدن بود

در حال زدن استیم

در حال زدن استم

در حال زدن استید

در حال زدن استی

در حال زدن استند

در حال زدن است

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">زدن</i> (zadán) (colloquial Kabuli)

ده آل زدن بودیم

ده آل زدن بودم

ده آل زدن بودین

ده آل زدن بودی

ده آل زدن بودن

ده آل زدن بود

ده آل زدن استیم

ده آل زدن استم

ده آل زدن استین

ده آل زدن استی

ده آل زدن استن

ده آل زدن است

From Middle Persian [script needed] (MHYTWN-n /zadan/) (root [script needed] (zn- /zan-/)), from Old Persian 𐎩𐎫𐎡𐎹 (j-t-i-y /jaⁿtiy/, “to strike, defeat”) (root [Term?] (/ja(n)-/)), from Proto-Iranian *ǰánti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰʰánti (“to slay, strike”). Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (jaⁱṇti), Sanskrit हन्ति (hánti), English fend.

inh

من پیانو میزنم و دوستم گیتار میزنه.

I play piano and my friend plays guitar.

man piyâno mi-zanam va dustam gitâr mi-zane.


شانه

head

شانه • (šâne)

fa-noun

شانه • (šâne)

From Middle Persian šʾnk' (šānag, “comb; pitchfork”), from Proto-Iranian *fšā- (“to comb”), from Proto-Indo-European *peḱ- (“to pluck (wool, hair)”). Cognate with Khotanese kṣāna- (“shoulder”), etc.


شانه

head

شانه • (šâne)

fa-noun

شانه • (šâne)

Of uncertain origin. Bailey derives the root from Proto-Indo-European *psen-, which he takes as a metathesis of Proto-Indo-European *spen-, and links with Ancient Greek σφήν (sphḗn), as well as with English spoon and spade. Alternatively, from the same origin as Etymology 1.


ناهار

head

ناهار • (nâhâr)

fa-noun

ناهار • (nâhâr)

The adjective is most probably from ناـ (nâ-, “non-, un-”) + آهار (âhâr, “food, stew”), exactly equivalent to Sanskrit अनाहार (anāhāra, “not taking food, abstinent”). Compare also Old Armenian նիհար (nihar), an Iranian borrowing. The Persian dictionaries derive the noun for “lunch” from this adjective, saying that it originally referred to something eaten on an empty stomach (breakfast). On the other hand, John R. Perry (emerite professor of Persian at the University of Chicago) derives the noun from Arabic نَهار (nahār, “day, daytime”) with a vocalic assimilation that is not unusual in Persian; compare colloquial چاهار (čâhâr) for چهار (čahâr). In fact, both the noun and the adjective were also formerly spelt نهار (nahâr). It might be hypothesised that the inherited word was associated with the Arabic based on the parallelism with Persian روزه (ruze, “fasting”), which is eventually derived from روز (ruz, “day”). Compare also شام (šâm, “supper”, originally “evening”).


ناهار

fa-adj

ناهار • (nâhâr)


تازه

تازه • (tâze) (comparative تازهتَر (tâze-tar), superlative تازهتَرین (tâze-tarin))

tâze (romanization)
تازهتَر (comparative)
تازهتَرین (superlative)

→ Assamese: তাজা (taza)

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܬܵܙܵܐ (tāzā)

→ Azerbaijani: təzə

→ Bashkir: таҙа (taźa)

→ Bengali: তাজা (taja)

→ Gujarati: તાજું (tājũ)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: ताज़ा (tāzā)

Urdu: تازہ (tāzā)

→ Kazakh: таза (taza)

→ Khalaj: tâza

→ Kyrgyz: таза (taza)

→ Marathi: ताजे (tāj̈e)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: թաժա (tʻaža), թաժահ (tʻažah), թաժայ (tʻažay), թազէ (tʻazē)

Armenian: թազա (tʻaza), թազե (tʻaze), թեզե (tʻeze), թաժա (tʻaža)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: تازه (taze)
Turkish: taze
→ Arabic: طَازَة (ṭāza) (dialectal)
→ Albanian: taze
→ Crimean Tatar: taze
→ Macedonian: тазе (taze)
→ Serbo-Croatian: тазе / taze

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਤਾਜ਼ਾ (tāzā)

Shahmukhi script: تازه

→ Turkmen: täze

→ Uyghur: تازا (taza)

→ Uzbek: toza

Inherited from Middle Persian *tāzag, which is unattested but borrowed into other languages: Baluchi تاجگ (tájag), Arabic طازَج (ṭāzaj).

سبزی تازه

برگ تازه

مدرسۀ تازه

کتاب تازه

خبر تازه امروز در افغانستان (Dari)
xabar-i tāza-yi imrōz dar afğānistān
today's breaking news in Afghanistan
(Iranian Persian would use فوری (fowri) instead of تازه for "breaking".)

او تازه آمد.

این جنگ تازه امسال تمام شد.


شیرین

fa-adj

شیرین • (širin) (comparative شیرینتَر (širin-tar), superlative شیرینتَرین (širin-tarin))

širin (romanization)
شیرینتَر (comparative)
شیرینتَرین (superlative)

→ Azerbaijani: şirin

→ Bengali: শিরিন (śirin)

→ Gujarati: શીરીન (śīrīn)

→ Kazakh: шырын (şyryn)

→ Khalaj: şîrin

→ Classical Syriac: ܫܝܪܝܢ

→ Kumzari: شيرين

→ Ottoman Turkish: شیرین (şirin)

> Turkish: şirin (inherited)

→ Uyghur: شىرىن (shirin)

→ Uzbek: shirin

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (šylyn' /šīrēn/, “sweet”), from [Book Pahlavi needed] (šyl /šīr/, “milk”). By surface analysis, شیر (šir, “milk”) + ـین (-in, adjective-deriving suffix).

surf

فارسی زبان شیرینی است.


شیرین

head

شیرین • (širin)

fa-proper noun

شیرین • (širin)

a female given name, Shirin, from Middle Persian

Shirin (queen of Armenia and wife of Khosrow II, a character in the Shahnameh and in Khosrow and Shirin)


ساحل

head

ساحل • (sâhel) (plural ساحلها (sâhel-hâ) or سواحل (savâhel))

sâhel (romanization)
ساحلها (plural)
سواحل (plural)

ساحل رود ― sâhel-e rud ― riverside

ساحل شرقی

سواحل دریای خزر

شب تاریک و بیم موج و گردابی چنین هایل
کجا دانند حال ما سبکباران ساحلها

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 1”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

The dark night, the fear of waves, such a terrifying whirlpool!
How can they know our state, those with light burdens on the shore?

šab-i tārīk u bīm-i mawj u girdābē čunīn hāyil
kujā dānand hāl-i mā sabukbārān-i sāhil-hā


ساحل

ساحل • (sâhel)

fa-proper noun

ساحل • (sâhel)


حجاب

head

حجاب • (hejâb)

fa-noun

حجاب • (hejâb)

[hi.ˈd͡ʒɑːβ]

[hɪ.d͡ʒɑ́ːb]

[hɪ.d͡ʒɑ́ːb]

[ʔɪ.d͡ʒɑ́ːb]

[ʔi.d͡ʒɔ́ːb̥]

حجاب مسأله مهم کشور است

Hijab is an important issue for the country


حمام

head

حَمّام • (hammâm)

fa-noun

حَمّام • (hammâm)

حَمّام (canonical)
hammâm (romanization)


گفتن

head

گُفْتَن • (goftan) (present stem گو (gu) or گوی (guy))

گُفْتَن (canonical)
goftan (romanization)
گو (present stem)
گوی (present stem)
گفتن (infinitive)
goftán (infinitive)
گو (present stem)
gu (present stem)
گفت (past stem)
goft (past stem)
گوینده (participle present)
guyandé (participle present)
گفته (participle past)
gofté (participle past)
گویم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
gúyam (aorist first-person indicative singular)
گویی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
gúyi (aorist indicative second-person singular)
گوید (aorist indicative singular third-person)
gúyad (aorist indicative singular third-person)
گوییم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
gúyim (aorist first-person indicative plural)
گویید (aorist indicative plural second-person)
gúyid (aorist indicative plural second-person)
گویند (aorist indicative plural third-person)
gúyand (aorist indicative plural third-person)
میگویم (first-person indicative present singular)
mí-guyam (first-person indicative present singular)
میگویی (indicative present second-person singular)
mí-guyi (indicative present second-person singular)
میگوید (indicative present singular third-person)
mí-guyad (indicative present singular third-person)
میگوییم (first-person indicative plural present)
mí-guyim (first-person indicative plural present)
میگویید (indicative plural present second-person)
mí-guyid (indicative plural present second-person)
میگویند (indicative plural present third-person)
mí-guyand (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم میگویم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dấram mí-guyam (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری میگویی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dấri mí-guyi (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
دارد میگوید (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dấrad mí-guyad (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم میگوییم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dấrim mí-guyim (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارید میگویید (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dấrid mí-guyid (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارند میگویند (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dấrand mí-guyand (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
گفتهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
gofté-am (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
گفتهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
gofté-i (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
گفته است (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
gofté ast (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
گفتهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
gofté-im (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
گفتهاید (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
gofté-id (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
گفتهاند (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
gofté-and (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
گفتم (first-person indicative past singular)
góftam (first-person indicative past singular)
گفتی (indicative past second-person singular)
gófti (indicative past second-person singular)
گفت (indicative past singular third-person)
goft (indicative past singular third-person)
گفتیم (first-person indicative past plural)
góftim (first-person indicative past plural)
گفتید (indicative past plural second-person)
góftid (indicative past plural second-person)
گفتند (indicative past plural third-person)
góftand (indicative past plural third-person)
میگفتم (first-person indicative past singular)
mí-goftam (first-person indicative past singular)
میگفتی (indicative past second-person singular)
mí-gofti (indicative past second-person singular)
میگفت (indicative past singular third-person)
mí-goft (indicative past singular third-person)
میگفتیم (first-person indicative past plural)
mí-goftim (first-person indicative past plural)
میگفتید (indicative past plural second-person)
mí-goftid (indicative past plural second-person)
میگفتند (indicative past plural third-person)
mí-goftand (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم میگفتم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dấštam mí-goftam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی میگفتی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dấšti mí-gofti (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشت میگفت (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dấšt mí-goft (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم میگفتیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dấštim mí-goftim (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتید میگفتید (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dấštid mí-goftid (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتند میگفتند (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dấštand mí-goftand (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
گفته بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
gofté búdam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
گفته بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
gofté búdi (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
گفته بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
gofté búd (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
گفته بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
gofté búdim (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
گفته بودید (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
gofté búdid (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
گفته بودند (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
gofté búdand (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
خواهم گفت (first-person future indicative singular)
xâhám goft (first-person future indicative singular)
خواهی گفت (future indicative second-person singular)
xâhí goft (future indicative second-person singular)
خواهد گفت (future indicative singular third-person)
xâhád goft (future indicative singular third-person)
خواهیم گفت (first-person future indicative plural)
xâhím goft (first-person future indicative plural)
خواهید گفت (future indicative plural second-person)
xâhíd goft (future indicative plural second-person)
خواهند گفت (future indicative plural third-person)
xâhánd goft (future indicative plural third-person)
بگویم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
béguyam (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بگویی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
béguyi (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بگوید (present singular subjunctive third-person)
béguyad (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بگوییم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
béguyim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بگویید (plural present second-person subjunctive)
béguyid (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بگویند (plural present subjunctive third-person)
béguyand (plural present subjunctive third-person)
گفته باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
gofté bấšam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
گفته باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
gofté bấši (past second-person singular subjunctive)
گفته باشد (past singular subjunctive third-person)
gofté bấšad (past singular subjunctive third-person)
گفته باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
gofté bấšim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
گفته باشید (past plural second-person subjunctive)
gofté bấšid (past plural second-person subjunctive)
گفته باشند (past plural subjunctive third-person)
gofté bấšand (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بگو (imperative second-person singular)
bégu (imperative second-person singular)
بگویید (imperative plural second-person)
béguyid (imperative plural second-person)
گفتن (infinitive)
goftán (infinitive)
گه (present stem)
ge (present stem)
گفت (past stem)
goft (past stem)
گوینده (participle present)
guyandé (participle present)
گفته (participle past)
gofté (participle past)
گم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
gam (aorist first-person indicative singular)
گی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
gi (aorist indicative second-person singular)
گه (aorist indicative singular third-person)
ge (aorist indicative singular third-person)
گیم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
gim (aorist first-person indicative plural)
گین (aorist indicative plural second-person)
gin (aorist indicative plural second-person)
گن (aorist indicative plural third-person)
gan (aorist indicative plural third-person)
میگم (first-person indicative present singular)
mí-gam (first-person indicative present singular)
میگی (indicative present second-person singular)
mí-gi (indicative present second-person singular)
میگه (indicative present singular third-person)
mí-ge (indicative present singular third-person)
میگیم (first-person indicative plural present)
mí-gim (first-person indicative plural present)
میگین (indicative plural present second-person)
mí-gin (indicative plural present second-person)
میگن (indicative plural present third-person)
mí-gan (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم میگم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dấram mí-gam (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری میگی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dấri mí-gi (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
داره میگه (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dấre mí-ge (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم میگیم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dấrim mí-gim (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارین میگین (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dấrin mí-gin (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارن میگن (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dấran mí-gan (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
گفتهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
goftám (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
گفتهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
goftí (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
گفته (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
gofté (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
گفتهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
goftím (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
گفتهاین (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
goftín (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
گفتهان (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
goftán (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
گفتم (first-person indicative past singular)
góftam (first-person indicative past singular)
گفتی (indicative past second-person singular)
gófti (indicative past second-person singular)
گفت (indicative past singular third-person)
góft (indicative past singular third-person)
گفتیم (first-person indicative past plural)
góftim (first-person indicative past plural)
گفتین (indicative past plural second-person)
góftin (indicative past plural second-person)
گفتن (indicative past plural third-person)
góftan (indicative past plural third-person)
میگفتم (first-person indicative past singular)
mí-goftam (first-person indicative past singular)
میگفتی (indicative past second-person singular)
mí-gofti (indicative past second-person singular)
میگفت (indicative past singular third-person)
mí-goft (indicative past singular third-person)
میگفتیم (first-person indicative past plural)
mí-goftim (first-person indicative past plural)
میگفتین (indicative past plural second-person)
mí-goftin (indicative past plural second-person)
میگفتن (indicative past plural third-person)
mí-goftan (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم میگفتم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dấštam mí-goftam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی میگفتی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dấšti mí-gofti (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشت میگفت (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dấšt mí-goft (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم میگفتیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dấštim mí-goftim (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتین میگفتین (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dấštin mí-goftin (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتن میگفتن (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dấštan mí-goftan (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
گفته بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
gofté búdam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
گفته بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
gofté búdi (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
گفته بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
gofté bud (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
گفته بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
gofté búdim (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
گفته بودین (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
gofté búdin (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
گفته بودن (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
gofté búdan (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
بگم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bégam (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بگی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bégi (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بگه (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bége (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بگیم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bégim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بگین (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bégin (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بگن (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bégan (plural present subjunctive third-person)
گفته باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
gofté bấšam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
گفته باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
gofté bấši (past second-person singular subjunctive)
گفته باشه (past singular subjunctive third-person)
gofté bấše (past singular subjunctive third-person)
گفته باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
gofté bấšim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
گفته باشین (past plural second-person subjunctive)
gofté bấšin (past plural second-person subjunctive)
گفته باشن (past plural subjunctive third-person)
gofté bấšan (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بگو (imperative second-person singular)
bégu (imperative second-person singular)
بگین (imperative plural second-person)
bégin (imperative plural second-person)
گفتن (infinitive)
guftán (infinitive)
گو (present stem)
گوی (present stem)
gō / gōy (present stem)
گفت (past stem)
guft (past stem)
گوینده (participle present)
gōyinda (participle present)
گفته (participle past)
gufta (participle past)
گویم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
gōyam (aorist first-person indicative singular)
گویی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
gōyī (aorist indicative second-person singular)
گوید (aorist indicative singular third-person)
gōyad (aorist indicative singular third-person)
گوییم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
gōyēm (aorist first-person indicative plural)
گویید (aorist indicative plural second-person)
gōyēd (aorist indicative plural second-person)
گویند (aorist indicative plural third-person)
gōyand (aorist indicative plural third-person)
میگویم (first-person indicative present singular)
mḗ-gōyam (first-person indicative present singular)
میگویی (indicative present second-person singular)
mḗ-gōyī (indicative present second-person singular)
میگوید (indicative present singular third-person)
mḗ-gōyad (indicative present singular third-person)
میگوییم (first-person indicative plural present)
mḗ-gōyēm (first-person indicative plural present)
میگویید (indicative plural present second-person)
mḗ-gōyēd (indicative plural present second-person)
میگویند (indicative plural present third-person)
mḗ-gōyand (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم میگویم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dā́ram mḗ-gōyam (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری میگویی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dā́rī mḗ-gōyī (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
دارد میگوید (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dā́rad mḗ-gōyad (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم میگوییم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dā́rēm mḗ-gōyēm (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارید میگویید (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dā́rēd mḗ-gōyēd (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارند میگویند (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dā́rand mḗ-gōyand (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
گفتهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
guftá-am (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
گفتهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
guftá-ī (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
گفته است (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
guftá ast (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
گفتهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
guftá-ēm (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
گفتهاید (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
guftá-ēd (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
گفتهاند (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
guftá-and (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
گفتم (first-person indicative past singular)
guftam (first-person indicative past singular)
گفتی (indicative past second-person singular)
guftī́ (indicative past second-person singular)
گفت (indicative past singular third-person)
guft (indicative past singular third-person)
گفتیم (first-person indicative past plural)
guftēm (first-person indicative past plural)
گفتید (indicative past plural second-person)
guftēd (indicative past plural second-person)
گفتند (indicative past plural third-person)
guftand (indicative past plural third-person)
میگفتم (first-person indicative past singular)
mḗ-guftam (first-person indicative past singular)
میگفتی (indicative past second-person singular)
mḗ-guftī (indicative past second-person singular)
میگفت (indicative past singular third-person)
mḗ-guft (indicative past singular third-person)
میگفتیم (first-person indicative past plural)
mḗ-guftēm (first-person indicative past plural)
میگفتید (indicative past plural second-person)
mḗ-guftēd (indicative past plural second-person)
میگفتند (indicative past plural third-person)
mḗ-guftand (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم میگفتم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dā́štam mḗ-guftam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی میگفتی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dā́štī mḗ-guftī (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشت میگفت (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dā́št mḗ-guft (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم میگفتیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dā́štēm mḗ-guftēm (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتید میگفتید (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dā́štid mḗ-guftēd (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتند میگفتند (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dā́štand mḗ-guftand (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
گفته بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
guftá bū́dam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
گفته بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
guftá bū́dī (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
گفته بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
guftá bū́d (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
گفته بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
guftá bū́dēm (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
گفته بودید (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
guftá bū́dēd (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
گفته بودند (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
guftá bū́dand (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
خواهم گفت (first-person future indicative singular)
xāhám guft (first-person future indicative singular)
خواهی گفت (future indicative second-person singular)
xāhī́ guft (future indicative second-person singular)
خواهد گفت (future indicative singular third-person)
xāhád guft (future indicative singular third-person)
خواهیم گفت (first-person future indicative plural)
xāhḗm guft (first-person future indicative plural)
خواهید گفت (future indicative plural second-person)
xāhēd guft (future indicative plural second-person)
خواهند گفت (future indicative plural third-person)
xāhánd guft (future indicative plural third-person)
بگویم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
búgōyam (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بگویی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
búgōyī (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بگوید (present singular subjunctive third-person)
búgōyad (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بگوییم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
búgōyēm (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بگویید (plural present second-person subjunctive)
búgōyēd (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بگویند (plural present subjunctive third-person)
búgōyand (plural present subjunctive third-person)
گفته باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
guftá bā́šam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
گفته باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
guftá bā́šī (past second-person singular subjunctive)
گفته باشد (past singular subjunctive third-person)
guftá bā́šad (past singular subjunctive third-person)
گفته باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
guftá bā́šēm (first-person past plural subjunctive)
گفته باشید (past plural second-person subjunctive)
guftá bā́šēd (past plural second-person subjunctive)
گفته باشند (past plural subjunctive third-person)
guftá bā́šand (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بگو (imperative second-person singular)
búgō (imperative second-person singular)
بگویید (imperative plural second-person)
búgōyēd (imperative plural second-person)
گفتن (infinitive)
guftán (infinitive)
گه (present stem)
ga (present stem)
گفت (past stem)
guft (past stem)
گوینده (participle present)
gōyindá (participle present)
گفته (participle past)
guftá (participle past)
گم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
gum (aorist first-person indicative singular)
گی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
gī (aorist indicative second-person singular)
گه (aorist indicative singular third-person)
ga (aorist indicative singular third-person)
گیم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
gēm (aorist first-person indicative plural)
گین (aorist indicative plural second-person)
gēn (aorist indicative plural second-person)
گن (aorist indicative plural third-person)
gan (aorist indicative plural third-person)
میگم (first-person indicative present singular)
mḗ-gum (first-person indicative present singular)
میگی (indicative present second-person singular)
mḗ-gī (indicative present second-person singular)
میگه (indicative present singular third-person)
mḗ-ga (indicative present singular third-person)
میگیم (first-person indicative plural present)
mḗ-gēm (first-person indicative plural present)
میگین (indicative plural present second-person)
mḗ-gēn (indicative plural present second-person)
میگن (indicative plural present third-person)
mḗ-gan (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم میگم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dā́ram mḗ-gum (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری میگی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dā́rī mḗ-gī (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
داره میگه (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dā́ra mḗ-ga (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم میگیم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dā́rēm mḗ-gēm (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارین میگین (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dā́rēn mḗ-gēn (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارن میگن (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dā́ran mḗ-gan (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
گفتهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
guftám (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
گفتهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
guftī́ (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
گفته (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
guftá (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
گفتهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
guftḗm (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
گفتهاین (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
guftḗn (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
گفتهان (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
guftán (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
گفتم (first-person indicative past singular)
gúftum (first-person indicative past singular)
گفتی (indicative past second-person singular)
gúftī (indicative past second-person singular)
گفته (indicative past singular third-person)
gúfta (indicative past singular third-person)
گفتیم (first-person indicative past plural)
gúftēm (first-person indicative past plural)
گفتین (indicative past plural second-person)
gúftēn (indicative past plural second-person)
گفتن (indicative past plural third-person)
gúftan (indicative past plural third-person)
میگفتم (first-person indicative past singular)
mḗ-guftum (first-person indicative past singular)
میگفتی (indicative past second-person singular)
mḗ-guftī (indicative past second-person singular)
میگفته (indicative past singular third-person)
mḗ-gufta (indicative past singular third-person)
میگفتیم (first-person indicative past plural)
mḗ-guftēm (first-person indicative past plural)
میگفتید (indicative past plural second-person)
mḗ-guftēd (indicative past plural second-person)
میگفتن (indicative past plural third-person)
mḗ-guftan (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم میگفتم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dā́štam mḗ-guftum (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی میگفتی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dā́štī mḗ-guftī (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشته میگفته (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dā́šta mḗ-gufta (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم میگفتیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dā́štēm mḗ-guftēm (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتین میگفتین (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dā́štēn mḗ-guftēn (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتن میگفتن (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dā́štan mḗ-guftan (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
گفته بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
guftá bū́dum (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
گفته بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
guftá bū́dī (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
گفته بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
guftá būd (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
گفته بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
guftá bū́dēm (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
گفته بودین (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
guftá bū́dēn (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
گفته بودن (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
guftá bū́dan (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
بگم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
búgum (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بگی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
búgī (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بگه (present singular subjunctive third-person)
búga (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بگیم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
búgēm (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بگین (plural present second-person subjunctive)
búgēn (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بگن (plural present subjunctive third-person)
búgan (plural present subjunctive third-person)
گفته باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
guftá bā́šum (first-person past singular subjunctive)
گفته باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
guftá bā́šī (past second-person singular subjunctive)
گفته باشه (past singular subjunctive third-person)
guftá bā́ša (past singular subjunctive third-person)
گفته باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
guftá bā́šēm (first-person past plural subjunctive)
گفته باشین (past plural second-person subjunctive)
guftá bā́šēn (past plural second-person subjunctive)
گفته باشن (past plural subjunctive third-person)
guftá bā́šan (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بگو (imperative second-person singular)
búgō (imperative second-person singular)
بگین (imperative plural second-person)
búgēn (imperative plural second-person)

fa-conj-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">گفتن</i> (goftán) (literary Iranian Persian)

داشتیم میگفتیم

داشتم میگفتم

داشتید میگفتید

داشتی میگفتی

داشتند میگفتند

داریم میگوییم

دارید میگویید

دارند میگویند

fa-conj-colloq-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">گفتن</i> (goftán) (colloquial Tehrani)

داشتیم میگفتیم

داشتم میگفتم

داشتین میگفتین

داشتی میگفتی

داشتن میگفتن

fa-conj-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">گفتن</i> (guftán) (literary Dari Persian)

داشتیم میگفتیم

داشتم میگفتم

داشتید میگفتید

داشتی میگفتی

داشتند میگفتند

داریم میگوییم

دارید میگویید

dā́rī mḗ-gōyī

دارند میگویند

fa-conj-colloq-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">گفتن</i> (guftán) (colloquial Kabuli)

داشتیم میگفتیم

داشتم میگفتم

داشتین میگفتین

داشتی میگفتی

داشتن میگفتن

داشته میگفته

From Middle Persian gwptn' (guftan, “to say, speak”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic говорити (govoriti).

inh

او به من گفت که میخواهد لامپ سبزی بخرد. (more literary)

He told me he wants to buy a green lamp.

u be man goft ke mi-xâhad lâmp-e sabz-i bexarad

او بهم گفت که میخواد یه لامپ سبز بخره. (more colloquial)

u behem goft ke mi-xâd ye lâmp-e sabz bexare


کرم

PIE word
 *kwŕ̥mis
From Proto-Iranian *kŕ̥miš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷŕ̥mis (“worm”). Cognate with Sanskrit कृमि (kṛ́mi, “worm”), Proto-Slavic *čьrvь (“worm”), Lithuanian kirmìs (“worm”).


کرم

kerem (romanization)
krem (romanization)


کتابخانه

head

کِتابْخانِه • (ketâbxâne) (plural کتابخانهها (ketâbxâne-hâ))

کِتابْخانِه (canonical)
ketâbxâne (romanization)
کتابخانهها (plural)

→ Azerbaijani:

→ Arabic script: کتابخانه

→ Cyrillic script: китабхана

→ Latin script: kitabxana

→ Bashkir: китапхана (kitapxana)

→ Bengali: কুতুবখানা (kutubkhana)

→ Kazakh: кітапхана (kıtapxana)

→ Kyrgyz: китепкана (kitepkana)

→ Malay: kutubkhanah

→ Tatar: китапханә (kitapxanä)

→ Turkmen: kitaphana

→ Urdu: کُتُب خانَہ (kutub xānā)

→ Uyghur: كۇتۇپخانا (kutupxana)

→ Uzbek: kutubxona

From کتاب (ketâb, “book”) + خانه (xâne, “house”).

affix

کتابخانه درس میخوانی یا خانه؟


ناتو

head

ناتو • (nâto)

fa-proper noun

ناتو • (nâto)


ماداگاسکار

head

ماداگاسکار • (mâdâgâskâr)

fa-proper noun

ماداگاسکار • (mâdâgâskâr)

[mɒːdɒːɡɒːsˈkɒːɾ]

Madagascar (an island and country off the east coast of Africa)


هتل

head

هُتِل • (hotel) (plural هتلها (hotel-hâ))

هُتِل (canonical)
hotel (romanization)
هتلها (plural)


هلند

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


خلیج فارس

[xä.líː.d͡ʒɪ fɑːɹs]

[xä.líː.d͡ʒɪ fɑːɹs]

[xä.líː.d͡ʒɪ fɑːɹs]

fa:خلیج فارس


آفریقا

آفریقا • (âfriqâ)

fa-proper noun

آفریقا • (âfriqâ)

[ʔɑːf.ɾiː.ˈqɑː]

[ʔɑːf.ɾiː.qɑ́ː]

[ʔɑːf.ɾiː.qɑ́ː]

[ʔɑːf.ɾiː.qɑ́ː]

[ʔɔːf.ɾi.qɔ́ː]

[ʔɒːf.ɹiː.ʁɒ́ː]

Africa (the continent that is south of Europe, east of the Atlantic Ocean, west of the Indian Ocean and north of Antarctica)


همان

fa-adj

همان • (hamân)

→ Turkish: hemen

→ Azerbaijani: həman, haman, həmən

→ Bashkir: һаман (haman, “still”)

From هم (ham, “also, too, similarly, same”) + آن (ân, “that”).


همان

fa-adj

همان • (hamân)

Shortening of همان دم (hamân dam, “simultaneously”), from همان (hamân, “that very, the same”) + دم (dam, “moment”).


خاکستری

[xɑː.kʰɪs.t̪ʰä.ɾíː]

[xɑː.kʰɪs.t̪ʰä.ɾíː]

[xɑː.kʰɪs.t̪ʰä.ɾíː]

[xɒː.kʰʲes.t̪ʰæ.ɹíː]


یهودیت

Borrowed from Arabic يَهُودِيَّة (yahūdiyya). By surface analysis, یهود (yahūd／yahud) + ـیت (-iyyat／-iyyat).


مذاکره

head

مذاکره • (mozâkere) (plural مذاکرهها (mozâkere-hâ) or مذاکرات (mozâkerât))

mozâkere (romanization)
مذاکرهها (plural)
مذاکرات (plural)

Borrowed from Arabic مُذَاكَرَة (muḏākara).

bor+

مذاکرات هستهای

(often in the plural) talks; negotiation


هوش

From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭥𐭱 (ōš), from Proto-Iranian *HušíH (“(two) ears; understanding”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws. Compare Northern Kurdish hiş.


هوش

توسکا توسکا#Persian


مالیه

Borrowed from Arabic مَالِيَّة (māliyya).


استان

head

اُسْتان • (ostân) (plural استانها (ostân-hâ))

اُسْتان (canonical)
ostân (romanization)
استانها (plural)

[ʔʊs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾwstʾn /ōstān/), a later form of [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾwstʾm /ōstām/), [Inscriptional Pahlavi needed] (ʾwstʾm /ōstām/), Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫀𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫤𐫀𐫖 (ʾwystʾm /aꞵestām/), from Old Persian *abistavānā-, as witnessed by Elamite [script needed] (ap-pi-iš-da-man-na, “domain, demesne, estate”). Also found borrowed in Old Armenian ոստան (ostan) and exotisms Arabic أُسْتَان (ʔustān) and Classical Syriac ܐܘܣܬܢܐ (ʾustānā).
The word became less common over the course of the Middle Ages, but was resurrected as a purist replacement of the Arabic loan ولایت (velâyat) in the modern period.


گز

→ Middle Armenian: գազ (gaz), կազ (kaz)

→ Azerbaijani: gəz

→ Ottoman Turkish: گز (gez)

Turkish: gez

→ Crimean Tatar: gez

From Middle Persian [script needed] (gc /gaz/, “tamarisk”). Compare Old Armenian գազ (gaz, “milkvetch”), an Iranian borrowing.

inh

a kind of confectionary which is a speciality of Isfahan and is similar to nougat, gaz – made from tragacanth and other gums of various manna trees

Fraxinus ornus
Fraxinus ornus#Translingual


گز

→ Ashkun: gë́s

→ Armenian: գազ (gaz)

→ Gujarati: ગજ (gaj)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: गज़ (gaz)

Urdu: گز (gaz)

→ Kamkata-viri: géć

→ Malay: gaz

Indonesian: gaz

→ Prasuni: gaz

From Middle Persian [script needed] (gt' /gad/, “rod, club”), from Proto-Iranian *gádaH, Proto-Indo-Iranian *gadaH (“club”).


پاپایا

head

پاپایا • (pâpâyâ)

fa-noun

پاپایا • (pâpâyâ)


گسترده

[ɡʊs.t̪ʰäɾ.d̪ä]

[ɡʊs.t̪ʰäɾ.d̪ä]

[ɡʊs.t̪ʰäɾ.d̪ä]


صبر

دیده دریا کنم و صبر به صحرا فکنم
واندر این کار دل خویش به دریا فکنم

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 348”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

I make my eyes an ocean, and throw patience to the desert;
And while doing this, I throw my heart into the ocean.

dīda daryā kunam u sabr ba sahrā fikanam
w-andar īn kār dil-i xwēš ba daryā fikanam


میوه اژدها

head

میوه اژدها • (mêve-ye aždahâ)

fa:میوه اژدها


رژیم

رژیم • (režim)

fa-noun

رژیم • (režim)


آواکادو

head

آواکادو • (âvâkâdo)

fa-noun

آواکادو • (âvâkâdo)

[ʔɒː.vɒː.kʰɒː.d̪ó]


شلیل

head

شلیل • (šalil)

fa-noun

شلیل • (šalil)


عیسی

head

عیسی • ('isâ)

fa-proper noun

عیسی • ('isâ)

Tajik: Исо (Iso)

→ Chagatai:

Uzbek: Iso

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: ईसा (īsā)

Urdu: عِیسیٰ ('īsā)

→ Kazakh: Иса (İsa), Ыйса (Yisa)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਈਸਾ (īsā)

Shahmukhi script: عِیسیٰ (ʻīsá)

→ Rohingya: Isá

→ Sylheti: ꠁꠍꠣ (isá)


خرمالو

head

خُرْمالو • (xormâlu) (plural خرمالوها (xormâluhâ))

خُرْمالو (canonical)
xormâlu (romanization)
خرمالوها (plural)

→ Arabic: خُرْمَال (ḵurmāl)

From خرما (xormâ, “date”) + آلو (âlu, “plum”).


زر

→ Armenian: զառ (zaṙ), զար (zar)

→ Azerbaijani: zər

→ Bengali: জর (zôr)

→ Georgian: ზარი (zari)

→ Gujarati: જર (jar)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: ज़र (zar)

Urdu: زر (zar)

→ Marathi: जर (j̈ar)

→ Ottoman Turkish: زر

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜ਼ਰ (zar)

Shahmukhi script: زَر (zar)

From Middle Persian *zarr (“gold”), from Parthian *zarn (“gold”); the inherited form would have started with a D, as is seen in Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎴𐎹 (d-r-n-y). Ultimately from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“yellow; gleam; to shine”). Indo-Iranian cognates include Northern Kurdish zêrr, and Sanskrit हिरण्य (hiraṇya). Other cognates include Old Church Slavonic злато (zlato), Latvian zelts, and English gold and yellow.


زر

From Proto-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer-, *gʰer- (“to encircle; to spin around”).


زر

From Proto-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to grow old, to mature”).

همی نوبهار آید و تیر ماه/ جهان گاه برنا شود گاه زر


آنکارا

head

آنکارا • (ânkârâ)

[ʔɒːŋ.kʰɒː.ɹɒ́ː]


گریپ فروت

گریپ فروت • (grep frūt)

fa-noun

گریپ فروت • (grep frūt)


ازگیل

→ Azerbaijani: əzgil

→ Lak: азгил (azgil)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: ازگیل (ezgil)
Turkish: ezgil
→⇒ Arabic: إِسْكِدُنْيَا (ʔiskidunyā), أَسْكِيدُنْيَا (ʔaskīdunyā), إِسْكِيدُنْيَا (ʔiskīdunyā), إِكِّدُنْيَا (ʔikkidunyā), أَكِدُنْيَا (ʔakidunyā), إِيكِّيدُنْيَا (ʔīkkīdunyā), إِكِّيدُنْيَا (ʔikkīdunyā)

[ʔæz.ˈɡiːl̥]

The origin is unknown. Possibly connected with Georgian ასკილი (asḳili, “dog rose”) and Middle Armenian զկեռ (zkeṙ, “medlar”).

unk

unknown


شاه‌توت

head

شاهتوت • (šâh-tut) (plural شاهتوتها (šâh-tut-hâ))

شاهتوت (canonical)
šâh-tut (romanization)
شاهتوتها (plural)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ਤੂਤ (śatūt)

Shahmukhi script: شتوت (śatūt)

Urdu: شہتوت (śahtūt), شاہ توت (śāh-tūt)

[ʃɑːɦ.t̪ʰúːt̪]

[ʃɑːɦ.t̪ʰúːt̪]

[ʃɑː.t̪ʰúːt̪]

[ʃɔː.t̪ʰút̪]

[ʃɒːɦ.t̪ʰúːt̪]

[ʃɔɦ.t̪ʰút̪]

From شاه + توت.


کارگر

کَارْگَر • (kârgar) (plural کارگران (kârgarân) or کارگرها (kârgar-hâ))

کَارْگَر (canonical)
kârgar (romanization)
کارگران (plural)
کارگرها (plural)

→ Georgian: ქარგალი (kargali)

→ Bengali: কারিগর (karigor)

→ Gujarati: કારીગર (kārīgar)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: कारीगर (kārīgar)

Urdu: کارِیگَر (kārīgar)

→ Maithili:

Devanagari script: कारीगर (kārīgar)

Tirhuta script: 𑒏𑒰𑒩𑒲𑒑𑒩 (kārīgara)

→ Marathi: कारागीर (kārāgīr)

→ Odia: କାରିଗର (kārigara)

→ Ottoman Turkish: كاركر (kârger)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਰੀਗਰ (kārīgar)

Shahmukhi script: کارِیگَر (kārīgar)

→ Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڪارِيگَرُ

Devanagari script: कारीगरु

[kʰɒːɹ.ɡʲǽɹ]

Middle Persian kʾrgr. By surface analysis, کار (“work”) + ـگَر (“-er”).


را

From Middle Persian lʾd (rāy), from Old Persian 𐎼𐎠𐎭 (ra-a-da, rād, “cause, reason, because of, due to”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“to fit together”).

inh

دیروز او را دیدم.

باید تو را پیدا کنم.

کتاب را خریدم.

مردی را کشته بود.

گربه رو نوازش کردم. (colloquial Iranian)

پدر و مادرش را بخواند و بنعمت بیکران خشنود گردانیدند و قاضی فتوی داد که خون یکی از رعیت ریختن سلامتِ نفس پادشاه را روا باشد.

1258, Shaykh Muṣliḥ-ud-Dīn Saʿdī of Shiraz, translated by Wheeler M. Thackston, The Gulistan (Rose Garden) of Sa’di: Bilingual English and Persian Edition with Vocabulary, Bethesda, MD: Ibex Publishers, published 2008, →ISBN, page 33:

The boy’s mother and father were summoned [lit. “He summoned his mother and father”] and appeased with immeasurable wealth, and the judge issued an opinion that it was licit to shed the blood of a subject for the sake of the king’s health.

pidar u mādar-aš rā bixwānd u ba ni'mat-i bē-kirān xušnūd gardānīdand u qāzī fatwā dād ki xūn-i yakē az ra'īyyat rēxtan salāmat-i nafs-i pādšāh rā rawā bāšad.

صوفی بیا که آینه صافیست جام را
تا بنگری صفای می لعلفام را

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 7”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Hafez]:

Mystic, come, for the cup has a bright mirror,
So that you might see the brightness of ruby-hued wine.

sūfī biyā ki āyina-yi sāfi-st jām rā
tā bingarī safā-yi may-i la'l-fām rā

Used to mark certain noun phrases as the direct object. Since it is obligatory for all definite direct objects, it is often called the “definite object marker”, although it can be used for certain indefinite objects as well. See Usage notes.

خدا را شکر.

Thank God. (literally, “Thanks [be] to God.”)

او را گفتم. (normal in Dari, poetic in Iran)

(Dari, Tajik, dated in Iran) to; indicates that the preceding noun phrase is an indirect object.

خدارا!

قضا را

فردا رو (colloquial)

Follows certain nouns being used adverbially, or as an exclamation.

ما را این نیست. (archaic)

هیچ خلق را جان نگرفتمی.

c. 970, Abū Alī Bal'amī, Persian translation of the Tafsīr of Ṭabarī:

I would not have taken the life of anybody.

شنیدم که رستم ز آغاز کار
چنان یافت نیرو ز پروردگار
که گر سنگ را او به سر شدی
همی هر دو پایش بدو در شدی

I have heard that at the beginning, Rustam
Was given such strength from God
That if he were upon the top of a rock
Both his two feet would keep sinking into it.

šunîdam ki rustam dar âğâz-i kâr
čunân yâft nêrô zi parwardigâr
ki gar sang râ ô ba sar šûdê
hamê har du pây-aš bad-ô dar šûdê

عشق را نباید بود.

One must not belong to love/one must not give oneself up to love.

Sufi, come, for the cup has a bright mirror,
So that you might see the brightness of ruby-hued wine.

sûfî biyâ ki âyina-yi sâfi-st jâm râ
tâ bingarî safâ-yi may-i la'l-fâm râ

بودن بودن#Persian

(archaic, Classical Persian) Used as a genitive particle to mark the possessor; in particular, used with the verb بودن (budan, “to be”).

ترا کار کنم.

The boy’s mother and father were summoned and appeased with immeasurable wealth, and the judge issued an opinion that it was licit to shed the blood of a subject for the sake of the king’s health.

pidar u mādar-aš rā bixwānd u ba ni'mat-i bē-kirān xušnūd girdānīdand u qāzī fatwā dād ki xūn-i yakē az ra'īyyat rēxtan salāmat-i nafs-i pādšāh rā rawā bāšad.

(archaic) for the sake of, for; (more loosely) because of

مردمآزاری را حکایت کنند که سنگی بر سر صالحی زد.

1258, Shaykh Muṣliḥ-ud-Dīn Saʿdī of Shiraz, translated by Wheeler M. Thackston, The Gulistan (Rose Garden) of Sa’di: Bilingual English and Persian Edition with Vocabulary, Bethesda, MD: Ibex Publishers, published 2008, →ISBN, page 32:

They tell the tale of an oppressor who threw a stone at a pious man.

mardum-āzārī rā hikāyat kunand ki sangē bar sar-i sālihē zad.

(archaic) concerning, about, of; used for the object of a report or story.

شیرین و فک میکنم برنده شه. (colloquial Tehrani)

شیشه رو ترک خوردش. (colloquial Tehrani)

(colloquial) Used as a topic marker for a sentence-initial noun phrase, with certain syntactic restrictions.


میز

→ Azerbaijani: (South Azerbaijani) miz

→ Armenian: մեզ (mez)

→ Gulf Arabic: ميز (mēz)

→ Omani Arabic: ميز (mēz)

→ Maore Comorian: meza

→ Swahili: meza (see there for further descendants)

→ Bashkardi:

Minabi: میز (miz)

→ Bengali: মেজ (mez)

→ Kermanic: mīz

→ Hindi: मेज़ (mez)

→ Ishkashimi: میز (mēz)

→ Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: مێز (mêz)

Northern Kurdish: mêz

→ Marathi: मेज (mej̈)

→ Ormuri: میز (mez)

→ Parachi: میز (mēz)

→ Pashto: مېز (mez)

→ Punjabi: ਮੇਜ਼ (mez), ਮੇਜ (mej)

→ Sanglechi: میز (mēz)

→ Shughni: mēz

→ Talysh: миз (miz)

→ Urdu: میز (mez)

→ Wakhi: miz

→ Yidgha: میز (mīz)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (myʾzd), [Book Pahlavi needed] (myʾzd /mēzd/, “sacrifice, offering meal; table”), [Book Pahlavi needed] (mēzag, “small table”), from Proto-Iranian *m(i)yazda- (“sacrificial food”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *myázdʰas (“sacrificial oblation”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬫𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬀 (myazda, “sacrifice”), Khotanese [script needed] (mastāña, “fodder”), Sanskrit मियेध (miyédha, “sacrificial oblation, offering of food”); see the Sanskrit term for theories on the root.

cog

میزِ آرایِش


میز

From the verb میزیدن (mizidan), میختن (mixtan) "to urinate". Compare Northern Kurdish mîz (“urine”).


اقتصاد

head

اِقتِصاد • (eqtesâd)

fa-noun

اِقتِصاد • (eqtesâd)

اِقتِصاد (canonical)
eqtesâd (romanization)

[ʔɪq.t̪ʰɪ.sɑ́ːd̪]

[ʔɪq.t̪ʰɪ.sɑ́ːd̪]

[ʔɪq.t̪ʰɪ.sɑ́ːd̪]

Borrowed from Arabic اِقْتِصَاد (iqtiṣād).


حج

ای قوم به حج رفته کجایید کجایید
معشوق همین جاست بیایید بیایید

O, you people who have performed hajj, where are you? Where are you?
The beloved is right here, come! Come!


نوروز

nawrōz／nowruz (romanization)
نوروز (singular)
nowruz (singular)
نوروزها (plural)
nowruz-hấ (plural)
نوروزا (colloquial plural)
nowruzấ (plural)
نوروز را (definite direct-object singular)
nowruz râ (definite direct-object singular)
نوروز رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
nowruzo (definite direct-object singular)
نوروزها را (definite direct-object plural)
nowruz-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
نوروزا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
nowruzấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
نوروز (ezafe singular)
nowruz-e (ezafe singular)
نوروزهای (ezafe plural)
nowruz-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
نوروزای (colloquial ezafe plural)
nowruzấ-ye (ezafe plural)
نوروزی (definite relative singular)
نوروزی (indefinite singular stressed)
nowruz-i (definite relative singular)
nowruz-i (indefinite singular stressed)
نوروزهایی (definite plural relative)
نوروزهایی (indefinite plural stressed)
nowruzấn-i, nowruz-hấ-i (definite plural relative)
nowruzấn-i, nowruz-hấ-i (indefinite plural stressed)
نوروزایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
نوروزایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
nowruzấi (definite plural relative)
nowruzấi (indefinite plural stressed)
نوروزم (first-person possessive singular)
nowruzam (first-person possessive singular)
نوروزهایم (first-person possessive singular)
nowruz-hấyam (first-person possessive singular)
نوروزهام، نوروزام (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
nowruzấm (first-person possessive singular)
نوروزت (possessive second-person singular)
nowruzat (possessive second-person singular)
Term? (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
nowruzet (possessive second-person singular)
نوروزهایت (possessive second-person singular)
nowruz-hấyat (possessive second-person singular)
نوروزهات، نوروزات (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
nowruzất (possessive second-person singular)
نوروزش (possessive singular third-person)
nowruzaš (possessive singular third-person)
Term? (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
nowruzeš (possessive singular third-person)
نوروزهایش (possessive singular third-person)
nowruz-hấyaš (possessive singular third-person)
نوروزهاش، نوروزاش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
nowruzấš (possessive singular third-person)
نوروزمان (first-person plural possessive)
nowruzemân (first-person plural possessive)
نوروزمون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
nowruzemun (first-person plural possessive)
نوروزهایمان (first-person plural possessive)
nowruz-hấyemân (first-person plural possessive)
نوروزهامون، نوروزامون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
nowruzấmun (first-person plural possessive)
نوروزتان (plural possessive second-person)
nowruzetân (plural possessive second-person)
نوروزتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
nowruzetun (plural possessive second-person)
نوروزهایتان (plural possessive second-person)
nowruz-hấyetân (plural possessive second-person)
نوروزهاتون، نوروزاتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
nowruzấtun (plural possessive second-person)
نوروزشان (plural possessive third-person)
nowruzešân (plural possessive third-person)
نوروزشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
nowruzešun (plural possessive third-person)
نوروزهایشان (plural possessive third-person)
nowruz-hấyešân (plural possessive third-person)
نوروزهاشون، نوروزاشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
nowruzấšun (plural possessive third-person)

desc

→ Arabic: نَوْرُوز (nawrūz), نَيْرُوز (nayrūz)

→ Azerbaijani: Novruz

→ Bashkir: Науруз (Nawruz)

→ Bengali: নওরোজ (nôoroz), নওরোজা (nôoroza)

→ Gujarati: નવરોજ (navroj)

→ Kazakh: Наурыз (Nauryz)

→ Northern Kurdish: newroz

→ Kyrgyz: Нооруз (Nooruz)

→ Russian: Навруз (Navruz)

→ Turkish: Nevruz

→ Turkmen: Nowruz

→ Uzbek: Navroʻz

→ Uyghur: نورۇز (noruz)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *new-
Proto-Indo-European *néwos
Proto-Indo-Iranian *náwas
Proto-Iranian *náwah
Middle Persian 𐭭𐭥𐭪𐭩 (nʿky)
Proto-Indo-European *lewk-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ráwčas
Proto-Iranian *ráwčah
Old Persian 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐏃 (r-u-c-h)
Middle Persian 𐭩𐭥𐭬 (yʿm)
Middle Persian nwklwc
Persian نوروز
Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (nwklwc /nōg-rōz/, “New Year's day”) (Pazend 𐬥𐬋𐬭𐬋𐬰 (nōrōz)), from 𐭭𐭥𐭪𐭩 (nwky /nōg/, “new”) + 𐭩𐭥𐭬 (YWM /rōz/, “day”). By surface analysis, نو (naw／now, “new”) + روز (rōz／ruz, “day”).

surf

940-1020, Ferdowsi, Shahnameh, "پادشاهی بهرام گور"
چو شد ساخته کار آتشکده
همان جای نوروز و جشن سده
بیامد سوی آذرآبادگان
خود و نامداران و آزادگان
ču šud sâxta kâr-i âtaškada
hamân jây-i nawrôz u jašn-i sada
biyâmad sôy-i âzarâbâdagân
xwad u nâmdârân u âzâdagân

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

بر چهرهٔ گل نسیم نوروز خوش است
در صحن چمن روی دلافروز خوش است
از دی که گذشت هر چه گویی خوش نیست
خوش باش و ز دی مگو که امروز خوش است
bar čihra-i gul nasîm-i nawrôz xwaš ast
dar sahn-i čaman rôy-i dil-afrôz xwaš ast
az dî ki guzašt har či gôyî xwaš nêst

1048-1131, Omar Khayyám, Rubaiyat, ruba'i #19

xwaš bâš u zi dî ma-gô ki imrôz xvaš ast

نظر به روی تو هر بامداد نوروزیست
شب فراق تو هر شب که هست یلداییست
nazar ba rôy-i tu har bâmdâd nawrôzêst

1184-1291, Saadi Shirazi, Divan, ghazal #112

šab-i firâq-i tu har šab ki hast yaldâêst

مستی و عاشقی و جوانی و یار ما
نوروز و نوبهار و حمل میزند صلا
هرگز ندیده چشم جهان این چنین بهار
میروید از زمین و ز کهسار کیمیا
mastî u âšiqî u javânî u yâr-i mâ
nawrôz u nawbahâr u hamal mê-zanad salâ
hargiz nadîda čašm-i jahân în čunîn bahâr

1207-1273, Rumi, Divan-e Shams, tarji' #7

Nowruz, New Year in the Iranian and Zoroastrian calendar, celebrated on the spring equinox.


زرشک

→ Arabic: زِرِشْك (zirišk)

→ Azerbaijani: zirişk

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܙܪܫܩ (zršq), ܣܪܫܩ (sršq)

→ Georgian: ზირიშკი (zirišḳi), ზერეშკი (zerešḳi), ზერეშქი (zereški), ზერენგი (zerengi) (Fereydan)

desctree

→ Middle Armenian: զրիշկ (zrišk)
Armenian: զրիշկ (zrišk), զիրիշք (ziriškʻ)

→ Ottoman Turkish: زرشك (zirişk)

→ Punjabi: زِرِشْک (ziriśk)

→ Urdu: زِرِشْک (ziriśk)

Related to Northern Kurdish zerêşk, zirêşk, zirîşk, Gilaki [script needed] (zərəšk); Persian زریک (zerik), زرک (zerek), زرنگ (zarang), زراج (zarâj), زراک (zarâk); Yidgha [script needed] (azīto); Khotanese ysālva; all meaning "barberry" and ultimately deriving from the word for "yellow": compare Persian زر (zar, “gold”).

زرشکپلو

زرشکپلو با مرغ


دیو

dēw／div (romanization)
دیوان (plural)
دیوها (plural)

Dari: دیوْ (dēw)

Iranian Persian: دیوْ (div, “demon”)

→ English: div

Tajik: дев (dev)

→ Bengali: দেও (deō)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: देव (dev)

Urdu: دیوْ (dev)

→ Kazakh: дәу (däu)

→ Turkmen: döw

→ Ottoman Turkish: دیو (div)
Turkish: dev, div
→ Serbo-Croatian: div / див

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dyew-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *deywós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *daywás
Proto-Iranian *daywáh
Old Persian 𐎭𐎡𐎺 (d-i-v)
Persian دیو
Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ŠDYA /dēw/, “evil spirit, forces of the Evil One”), from Old Persian 𐎭𐎡𐎺 (daiva-), from Proto-Iranian *daywáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *daywás, from Proto-Indo-European *deywós.

inh+

demon, devil, goblin; evil supernatural creature

(Islam) wicked jinn; sometimes contrasted with پری (pari, “fairy, good jinn”).

(Zoroastrianism) daeva, a spirit of evil

تو مر دیو را مردم بد شناس
کسی کو ندارد ز یزدان سپاس
هرانکو گذشت از ره مردمی
ز دیوان شمر مشمر از آدمی

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The tale of the Akwān Dēw”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

Consider the demon to be a bad person.
Whoever does not have gratitude towards God
And whoever leaves the proper path of humanity:
Count him as among the demons, do not consider him a human.

tu mar dēw rā mardum-i bad šinās
kasē k-ō na-dārad zi yazdān sipās
har ān k-ō guḏašt az rah-i mardumī
zi dēwān šumar mašumar az ādamī


زردآلو

Tajik: зардолу (zardolu)

→ Azerbaijani: (obsolete)

Cyrillic script: зәрдалу, зәрдали

Latin script: zərdalu, zərdali

→ Gujarati: જરદાળુ (jardāḷu)

→ Hindustani:

desc

Hindi: ज़र्दालू (zardālū), ज़रदालू (zardālū)

Urdu: زرد آلو (zard ālū)

→ Karakalpak: зәрдәли

→ Kyrgyz: зардолy (zardoly) (Southern dialectal)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: زردالو (zerdalu, zerdali)
Turkish: zerdali
→ Armenian: զերտալի (zertali), զերտալու (zertalu), զա̈րդալո̈ւ (zärdalü)
→ Bulgarian: за́рзала (zárzala), зарзали́я (zarzalíja), зе́рдала (zérdala) (dialectal)
→ Cappadocian Greek: ζέρντελι (zérnteli)
→ Crimean Tatar:
Cyrillic script: зердали
Latin script: zerdali
→ Greek: ζέρδελο n (zérdelo), ζερδελί n (zerdelí), ζερδαλί n (zerdalí), ζέρζελο n (zérzelo), ζαρταλούδι n (zartaloúdi) (dialectal)
→ Pontic Greek: ζέρταλο n (zértalo), ζερταλί(ν) n (zertalí(n)), ζερτελί(ν) n (zertelí(n))
→ Romanian: zarzără
→ Russian: жердёла (žerdjóla) (dialectal)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: зердѐлица
Latin script: zerdèlica

→ Punjabi: ਜਰਦਾਲੂ (jardālū)

→ Uzbek: зардоли (zardoli)

[zäɾ.d̪ɑː.lúː]

[zäɾ.d̪ɑː.lúː]

[zäɾ.d̪ɑː.lúː]

[zæɹ.d̪ɒː.lúː]

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (zltʾlwk' /zardālūg/), equivalent to زرد (zard, “yellow”) + آلو (âlu, “plum”).


دندان‌پزشکی

دندانپزشکی (canonical)
dandân-pezeški (romanization)

fa:دندان‌پزشکی


سماق

head

سماق • (somâq)

fa-noun

سماق • (somâq)


عسل

→ Khalaj: əsəl

→ Urdu: عسل (asal)


دامن

head

دامن • (dâman)

fa-noun

دامن • (dâman)


نارگیل

head

نارگیل • (nārgēl／nârgil) (plural نارگیلها (nārgēl／nârgil-hâ))

nārgēl／nârgil (romanization)
نارگیلها (plural)
نارگیل (singular)
nârgil (singular)
نارگیلها (plural)
nârgil-hấ (plural)
نارگیلا (colloquial plural)
nârgilấ (plural)
نارگیل را (definite direct-object singular)
nârgil râ (definite direct-object singular)
نارگیل رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
nârgilo (definite direct-object singular)
نارگیلها را (definite direct-object plural)
nârgil-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
نارگیلا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
nârgilấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
نارگیل (ezafe singular)
nârgil-e (ezafe singular)
نارگیلهای (ezafe plural)
nârgil-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
نارگیلای (colloquial ezafe plural)
nârgilấ-ye (ezafe plural)
نارگیلی (definite relative singular)
نارگیلی (indefinite singular stressed)
nârgil-i (definite relative singular)
nârgil-i (indefinite singular stressed)
نارگیلهایی (definite plural relative)
نارگیلهایی (indefinite plural stressed)
nârgilấn-i, nârgil-hấ-i (definite plural relative)
nârgilấn-i, nârgil-hấ-i (indefinite plural stressed)
نارگیلایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
نارگیلایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
nârgilấi (definite plural relative)
nârgilấi (indefinite plural stressed)
نارگیلم (first-person possessive singular)
nârgilam (first-person possessive singular)
نارگیلهایم (first-person possessive singular)
nârgil-hấyam (first-person possessive singular)
نارگیلهام، نارگیلام (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
nârgilấm (first-person possessive singular)
نارگیلت (possessive second-person singular)
nârgilat (possessive second-person singular)
Term? (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
nârgilet (possessive second-person singular)
نارگیلهایت (possessive second-person singular)
nârgil-hấyat (possessive second-person singular)
نارگیلهات، نارگیلات (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
nârgilất (possessive second-person singular)
نارگیلش (possessive singular third-person)
nârgilaš (possessive singular third-person)
Term? (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
nârgileš (possessive singular third-person)
نارگیلهایش (possessive singular third-person)
nârgil-hấyaš (possessive singular third-person)
نارگیلهاش، نارگیلاش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
nârgilấš (possessive singular third-person)
نارگیلمان (first-person plural possessive)
nârgilemân (first-person plural possessive)
نارگیلمون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
nârgilemun (first-person plural possessive)
نارگیلهایمان (first-person plural possessive)
nârgil-hấyemân (first-person plural possessive)
نارگیلهامون، نارگیلامون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
nârgilấmun (first-person plural possessive)
نارگیلتان (plural possessive second-person)
nârgiletân (plural possessive second-person)
نارگیلتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
nârgiletun (plural possessive second-person)
نارگیلهایتان (plural possessive second-person)
nârgil-hấyetân (plural possessive second-person)
نارگیلهاتون، نارگیلاتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
nârgilấtun (plural possessive second-person)
نارگیلشان (plural possessive third-person)
nârgilešân (plural possessive third-person)
نارگیلشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
nârgilešun (plural possessive third-person)
نارگیلهایشان (plural possessive third-person)
nârgil-hấyešân (plural possessive third-person)
نارگیلهاشون، نارگیلاشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
nârgilấšun (plural possessive third-person)
نارگیلم (first-person predicative singular)
nârgilam (first-person predicative singular)
نارگیلیم (first-person plural predicative)
nârgilim (first-person plural predicative)
نارگیلی (predicative second-person singular)
nârgili (predicative second-person singular)
نارگیلید (plural predicative second-person)
nârgilid (plural predicative second-person)
نارگیلین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
nârgilin (plural predicative second-person)
نارگیل است (predicative singular third-person)
nârgil ast (predicative singular third-person)
نارگیله (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
nârgile (predicative singular third-person)
نارگیلند (plural predicative third-person)
nârgiland (plural predicative third-person)
نارگیلن (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
nârgilan (plural predicative third-person)

desctree

→ Arabic: نَارْجِيل (nārjīl), نَرْجِيل (narjīl)
→ Ottoman Turkish: نارجیل (narcil), نارچیل (narçil)

→ Northern Kurdish: nargîl

→ Ottoman Turkish: نارگیل (nargil)

[nɑːɾ.ˈɡeːl]

[nɑːɾ.ˈɡiːl]

[nɒːɹ.ɡʲíːl̥]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾnʾlgyl /anārgēl/, “coconut”), from Sanskrit नारिकेल (nārikela).

inh

(dated in Dari, normal elsewhere) coconut


خرمایی

fa-adj

خرمایی • (xormâyi)


سانسور

head

سانسور • (sânsur)

fa-noun

سانسور • (sânsur)

سانسور فیلم


یشمی

fa-adj

یشمی • (yašmi)


انجیر

→ Azerbaijani: əncir, incir

→ Chechen: инжир (inžir)

→ Sanskrit: अञ्जीर (añjīra)

→ Gujarati: અંજીર (añjīr)

→ Hindi: अंजीर (añjīr)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: انجیر (encir, incir)
Turkish: incir

→ Russian: инжир (inžir)

→ Urdu: انجیر (añjīr)

[ʔän.d͡ʒíːɾ]

[ʔän.d͡ʒíːɾ]

[ʔän.d͡ʒíːɾ]

[ʔæn.d͡ʒíːɹ]

From Middle Persian ʾncyl (anjīr, “fig”). Cognates found in Sogdian ʾncyr (anjēr) and Northern Kurdish hejîr. From the same Middle Iranian source, this word has been borrowed into Turkish incir, Russian инжир (inžir) and Sanskrit अञ्जीर (añjīra).


شاعر

head

شاعر • (šâ'er) (plural شاعران (šâ'erân) or شاعرها (šâ'er-hâ) or شعرا (šo'arâ))

šâ'er (romanization)
شاعران (plural)
شاعرها (plural)
شعرا (plural)

→ Gojri: شاعِر (śāir)

→ Gujarati: શાયર (śāyar)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: शायर (śāyar)

Urdu: شَاعِر (śā'ir)

→ Marathi: शाहीर (śāhīr)

→ Marwari:

Devanagari script: सायर (sāyar)

Mahajani script: 𑅰𑅛𑅭 (sjr)

→ Nepali: सायर (sāyar)

→ Old Punjabi: ਸਾਇਰੁ (sāiru)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ਾਇਰ (śāira)

Shahmukhi script: شاعِر (śā‘ir)

→ Rohingya: cáaer

→ Sindhi:

Arabic script: شاعِرُ

Devanagari script: शाइरु

Khudabadi script: 𑋜𑋠𑊲𑋙𑋣 (śāiru)


یشم

یشم • (yašm)

fa-noun

یشم • (yašm)


ارغوانی

fa-adj

ارغوانی • (arğavâni)

[ʔäɾ.ɣä.wɑː.níː]

[ʔäɾ.ɣʊ.wɑː.níː]

[ʔäɾ.ɣä.wɑː.níː]

[ʔäɾ.ɣʊ.wɑː.níː]

[ʔäɾ.ɣä.wɑː.níː]

[ʔäɾ.ɣʊ.wɑː.níː]

[ʔäɾ.ɣä.wɔː.ní]

[ʔæɹ.ɢæ.vɒː.níː]

[ʔæɹ.ɢo.vɒː.níː]

[ʔäɾ.ʁä.vɔ.ní]

Cercis siliquastrum
Cercis siliquastrum#Translingual

colour of the blossom of Cercis siliquastrum (Judas tree)


اردک

Borrowed from Turkic. Compare Azerbaijani ördək, Kyrgyz өрдөк (ördök), Tatar ürdäk, Turkish ördek. Early attestations are from the 1500s.


پرستو

[pʰä.ɾäs.t̪ʰúː]

[pʰä.ɾäs.t̪ʰúː]

[pʰä.ɾäs.t̪ʰúː]

[pʰä.ɾäs.t̪ʰú]

[pʰæ.ɹæs.t̪ʰúː]

[pʰä.ɾäs.t̪ʰú]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (plstwk' /*paristōg/, “swallow”) (Manichaean Middle Persian prstwg).


پرستو

[pʰä.ɾäs.t̪ʰúː]

[pʰä.ɾäs.t̪ʰúː]

[pʰä.ɾäs.t̪ʰúː]

[pʰä.ɾäs.t̪ʰú]

[pʰæ.ɹæs.t̪ʰúː]

[pʰä.ɾäs.t̪ʰú]

a female given name, Parastu, Parastou, or Parastoo, from Middle Persian


حافظه

head

حافظه • (hâfeze)

fa-noun

حافظه • (hâfeze)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: हाफ़िज़ा (hāfizā)

Urdu: حَافِظَہ (hāfiza)


دندان

head

دندان • (dandân) (plural دندانها (dandân-hâ))

→ Bengali: দান্দান (dandan)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: दन्दान (dandān)

Urdu: دندان (dandān)

→ Old Armenian: դանդան (dandan)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dntʾn'), 𐫅𐫗𐫅𐫀𐫗 (dndʾn /dandān/), from Old Persian *dantā, from Proto-Iranian *Hdántā (“tooth”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hdántā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dént-ō ~ *h₃dn̥t-nés, from *h₃dent- (“tooth”) + *-ō.

inh

Croton tiglium
Croton tiglium#Translingual


کلاغ

head

کلاغ • (kalâğ) (plural کلاغها (kalâğ-hâ))

[kʰʲæ.lɒ́ːɢ̥]

From a Proto-Iranian root not attested in Middle Persian. Cognate with Mazanderani کلاج (kalāǰ), Gilaki کلاچ (kəlāč), Northern Luri غلا (qelā), Ossetian халон (xalon). Probably ultimately onomatopoeic, but perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ḱer- (“crow”); compare Latin corvus, Ancient Greek κόρᾰξ (kórax), Proto-Germanic *hrabnaz.

آن کلاغی که پرید
از فراز سر ما
و فرو رفت در اندیشهٔ آشفتهٔ ابری ولگرد

1963, Forugh Farrokhzad, “فتح باغ”, in تولدی دیگر [Another Birth]:

that crow which flew
above our heads
and went down into the scattered thoughts of a vagabond cloud

ân kolâği ke parid
az farâz-e sar-e mâ
va foru raft dar andiše-ye âšofte-ye abri velgard


انگور

→ Assamese: আঙুৰ (aṅur)

→ Bengali: আঙুর (aṅur)

→ Baluchi: انگور (angúr)

→ Ancient Greek: άγγουρα (ángoura)

→ Hindustani:

→ Hindi: अंगूर (aṅgūr)

→ Urdu: انگور (aṅgūr)

→ Rohingya: añggur

→ Khalaj: angûr

→ Thai: องุ่น (à-ngùn)

→ Malay: anggur

→ Indonesian: anggur

→ Odia: ଅଙ୍ଗୁର (aṅgura)

→ Ottoman Turkish: انگور (engur)

→ Punjabi:

→ Gurmukhi script: ਅੰਗੂਰ (aṅgūr)

→ Shahmukhi script: انگور (aṅgūr)

→ Northern Luri: ںݩڳێر (ənğır)

From Middle Persian ʾngwl (angūr, “grape”), from Proto-Iranian *angaura- (“vine, grape”), probably a derivative of Proto-Iranian *Hangas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hángas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eng- (“to curve, bend”), referring to the curving nature of grapevines.

der

آب در غوره ترش باشد و لیک / چون به انگوری رسد شیرین و نیک

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 2601:

In the unripe grape the juice is sour, but it is sweet and good when it becomes a (ripe) grape.

âb dar ğura turš bâšad wa lek / čon ba angûr-i rasad šîrîn u nek