اثنان

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اثنان • (esnân)


واحد

واحد • (vâhed)


نه

نُه (canonical)
noh (romanization)
۹ (Persian numeral)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (nwk' /nōg/), from Old Persian 𐎴𐎺 (n-v /nava/), from Proto-Iranian *Hnáwa, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnáwa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥. Cognate to English nine.


صفر

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صِفْر • (sefr)


۱۰

previous: ۹

next: ۱۱


۴

۴ - چهار (canonical)
ćáhār (romanization)


۶

۶ - شش (canonical)
šeš (romanization)
šiš (romanization)


یک

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾywk'), 𐫏𐫐 (yk /ēwak/), from Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾy /ē/), 𐭧𐭣 (HD), 𐫙𐫏𐫇 (ʿyw /ēw/), from Proto-Iranian *Háywah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háywas, from Proto-Indo-European *óywos.
Indo-European cognates include Bactrian ιωγο (iōgo), Sanskrit एक (eka), Ancient Greek οἶος (oîos), German ein, French un, English one, Latin ūnus, etc..


دو

du／do (romanization)
۲ (Persian numeral)

From Middle Persian 𐭲𐭥𐭩𐭭 (tʿyn /dō/), from Proto-Iranian *dwáH, Proto-Indo-Iranian *dwáH, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.
Indo European cognates include Northern Kurdish du, Pashto دوه (dwa), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀 (duua), Sanskrit द्व (dvá), Hindi दो (do)/Urdu دو (do), Punjabi ਦੋ (do), Russian два (dva), Lithuanian du, Greek δύο (dýo), Spanish dos, English two, etc..


سه

From Middle Persian [script needed] (sh /sih/), from Old Persian 𐏂 (ç /çi-/), from Proto-Iranian *θráyah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tráyas, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.
Indo European cognates include Avestan 𐬚𐬭𐬌- (θri-), Northern Kurdish sê, Pashto درې (dre), Sanskrit त्रि (tri), Greek τρεις (treis), Italian tre, English three, Latin trēs, French trois, Spanish tres, etc. False cognate of Korean 세 (se).


ده

From Middle Persian 𐫅𐫍 (dh), [Book Pahlavi needed] (ASLYA /dah/), from Old Persian *daθa, from Proto-Iranian *dáca, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.


چهار

čahâr (romanization)
۴ (Persian numeral)

→ Azerbaijani: çahar

[t͡ʃʰä.ɦɑːɾ]

[t͡ʃʰe̞.ɦɑːɾ]

[t͡ʃʰä.ɦɑːɾ]

[t͡ʃʰe̞.ɦɑːɾ]

[t͡ʃʰi.jɔːɾ]

[t͡ʃʰæ.ɦɒːɹ]

[t͡ʃʰɒː.ɦɒːɹ]

From Middle Persian 𐭰𐭤𐭥 (chʿ /čahâr/), from Proto-Iranian *čaθwā́rah (compare Central Kurdish چوار (çwar, çiwar), Ossetian цыппар (cyppar), Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬚𐬡𐬁𐬭𐬋 (caθβārō)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras (compare Sanskrit चतुर् (catur)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres (compare Armenian չորս (čʻors), Lithuanian keturi, Latin quattuor, English four).


شش

→ Azerbaijani: şeş

From Middle Persian [script needed] (šaš), from Proto-Iranian *šwáš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *šwáćš, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs. Compare Northern Kurdish şeş, Avestan 𐬑𐬴𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬱 (xṣ̌uuaš), Khotanese kṣäṣa̮ (“six”), Sanskrit षष् (ṣáṣ), Hindi छह (chah), Spanish seis, German sechs, Lithuanian šeši, Russian шесть (šestʹ), Armenian վեց (vecʻ), Greek έξι (éxi).


هفت

From Middle Persian hp̄t' (haft, “seven”), from Proto-Iranian *haptá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *saptá, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.
Indo European cognates include Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬀 (hapta), Northern Kurdish heft, Ossetian авд (avd), Pashto اووه (uwə)), Sanskrit सप्तन् (saptan), Urdu سات (sāt), Hindi सात (sāt), English seven, Latin septem, Ancient Greek ἑπτά (heptá), etc..


پنج

From Middle Persian [script needed] (pnc /panǰ/), from Proto-Iranian *pánča, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe. Compare Northern Kurdish pênc, Ossetian фондз (fonʒ), Pashto پنځه (pindzə), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬧𐬗𐬀 (paṇca), Sanskrit पञ्चन् (páñcan), Sarikoli pundz.


بیست

bist (romanization)
۲۰ (Persian numeral)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wyst' /wīst/) (Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫤 (wyst /wīst/) ) Old Persian 𐎻𐎡𐎰𐎫 (vi-i-θ-t /*wīθati/), from Proto-Iranian *HwiHcati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwiHćati from Proto-Indo-European *dwi(h₁)dḱm̥ti (“two-ten”).
Cognates include Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vīsaⁱti), Northern Kurdish bîst, Khotanese [script needed] (bistä), Ossetian инсӕй (insæj), Sanskrit विंशति (viṃśati) (whence Urdu بیس (bīs) and Punjabi وِیہہ (vīh) / ਵੀਹ (vīh)).


سی

From Middle Persian syh (sīh), from older *θrīh, from Proto-Iranian *θriHcát, ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *triHćát.


صد

From Middle Persian 𐭰𐭲 (čat, sad), from Old Persian *θatam, from Proto-Iranian *catám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćatám, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm. Compare Northern Kurdish sed, Pashto سل (səl), Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬙𐬀 (sata), Sanskrit शत (śatá), and Finnish sata.
The spelling with ص was probably introduced to avoid confusion with شد (šod) in early texts with no or defective punctation. This reason is likelier than fear of confusion with such a relatively rare word as سد (sadd, “dam”).


شصت

šast (romanization)
۶۰ (Persian numeral)


هفتاد

haftâd (romanization)
۷۰ (Persian numeral)


هشتاد

haštâd (romanization)
۸۰ (Persian numeral)

→ Khalaj: həştâd


میلیون

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میلیون • (milyun, melyun) (plural میلیونها (milyun-hâ, melyun-hâ))

milyun (romanization)
melyun (romanization)
میلیونها (plural)


چهل

[t͡ʃʰe̞.ɦɪl]

[t͡ʃʰe̞.ɦɪl]


پنجاه

panjâh (romanization)
۵۰ (Persian numeral)

[pʰän.d͡ʒɑ́ːʱ]

[pʰän.d͡ʒɑ́ːʱ]

[pʰän.d͡ʒɑ́ː]

[pʰän.d͡ʒɔ́ː]

[pʰæn.d͡ʒɒ́ːʰ]

[pʰän.d͡ʒɔ́ʱ]

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pncʾh /panjāh/, “fifty”), from Proto-Iranian *pančaHcát (“fifty”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pančaHćát (“fifty”), from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷedḱomt (“fifty”). Compare Sanskrit पञ्चाशत् (pañcāśat, “fifty”) whence Hindi पचास (pacās, “fifty”), Ancient Greek πεντήκοντᾰ (pentḗkonta, “fifty”), Latin quīnquāgintā (“fifty”).


دویست

Inherited from Middle Persian [Term?], from Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬈𐬯𐬀𐬙𐬈 (duuesate). Cognate with Sogdian [script needed] (dwyst). Displaced by دوصد (do-sad) in eastern dialects of Persian.


نود

navad (romanization)
۹۰ (Persian numeral)

→ Khalaj: nəvəd

From Proto-Iranian *Hnawatí, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnawatí, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥dḱomt.


دوازده

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دوازده • (davâzdah) (Persian numeral ۱۲)

davâzdah (romanization)
۱۲ (Persian numeral)


اول

Dari: اَوَّل (awwal)

Iranian Persian: اَوَّل (avval)

Tajik: аввал (avval)

→ Bengali: আউয়াল (aual)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अव्वल (avval)

Urdu: اَوَّل (avval)

→ Khalaj: əvvəl


یازده

yâzdah (romanization)
۱۱ (Persian numeral)

From Middle Persian 𐫏𐫀𐫉𐫅𐫍 (yʾzdh), [Book Pahlavi needed] (yʾcdẖ /yāzdah/), from earlier *yvāzdah, from Old Persian *aivacadaθa.


هشت

From Middle Persian 𐭧𐭱𐭲 (ḥšt /hašt/), from Old Persian, from Proto-Iranian *Haštā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Haštā́, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw. Compare Northern Kurdish heşt, Ossetian аст (ast), Pashto اته (atë), Avestan 𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀 (ašta), Sanskrit अष्ट (aṣṭa), Hindi आठ (āṭh).


یه

(informal, spoken) Colloquial form of یک (yek, yak) represented in writing.


هفده

hefdah (romanization)
۱۷ (Persian numeral)

From Middle Persian hp̄dh (/hafdah/), equivalent to New Persian هفت (haft, “seven”) + ده (dah, “ten”).


پانصد

pânsad (romanization)
۵۰۰ (Persian numeral)

Inherited from Middle Persian [Term?], from Avestan [Term?]. Compare with Northern Kurdish pênsed. Displaced by پنجصد (panj-sad) in eastern dialects of Persian.


چل

Alternative form of چهل (čehel, “forty”).


پانزده

pânzdah (romanization)
۱۵ (Persian numeral)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (pʾncdh /pānzdah/).


شانزده

šânzdah (romanization)
۱۶ (Persian numeral)

[ʃɑːnz.d̪äʱ]

[ʃɑːnz.d̪äʱ]

[ʃɑːnz.d̪ɑː]

[ʃɔːnz.d̪ɔː]

[ʃɒːnz.d̪æʱ]

[ʃɒːnz.d̪æʱ]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (šʾzdh /šāzdah/), but shifted due to influence from preceding پانزده (pânzdah, “fifteen”).


چهارده

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چهارده • (čahârdah) (Persian numeral ۱۴)

čahârdah (romanization)
۱۴ (Persian numeral)

[t͡ʃʰä.ɦɑːɾ.d̪äʱ]

[t͡ʃʰä.ɦɑːɾ.d̪äʱ]

[t͡ʃʰɑːɾ.d̪ä]

[t͡ʃʰɔːɾ.d̪ä]

[t͡ʃʰæ.ɦɒːɹ.d̪æʱ]

[t͡ʃʰæ.ɦɒːɹ.d̪æʱ]

[t͡ʃʰɒːɹ.d̪æʱ]

[t͡ʃʰɔɾ.d̪äʱ]

From Middle Persian chʾldẖ (/čahārdah/).


سیزده

sizdah (romanization)
۱۳ (Persian numeral)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (sycdh /sēzdah/), from Proto-Iranian *θráyasdáca, equivalent to *θráyah (“three”) + *dáca (“ten”).


چهارصد و بیست

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چهارصد و بیست

چهارصد و بیست • (čahârsad-o-bist) (Persian numeral ۴۲۰)

fa-numeral

چهارصد و بیست

čahârsad-o-bist (romanization)
۴۲۰ (Persian numeral)

[tʃʰæhɒːɾsæd̪oˈbiːst̪ʰ]

[tʃʰɒːɾsæd̪oˈbiːst̪ʰ]


چهارصد

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چهارصد • (čahârsad) (Persian numeral ۴۰۰)

čahârsad (romanization)
۴۰۰ (Persian numeral)

[tʃʰæhɒːɾsæd̪]

[tʃʰɒːɾsæd̪]


צד

Use of the letter צ instead of ס for /s/ is an orthographic borrowing from the Arabic script.

נכרדה או וֿפֿא בא אהל דווראן
שכסתה צד הזאראן עהד ופיימאן

1600s, Elisha ben Shmūel, translated by Dalia Yasharpour, The Prince and the Sufi: The Judeo-Persian Rendition of the Buddha Biographies, Brill, published November 9, 2020:

She has never been faithful to people of the world,
Breaking a hundred thousand promises and pacts.

na-karde u vafâ bâ ahl-e dowrân
šekaste sad hezârân ahd o peymân


نوزده

nuzdah (romanization)
۱۹ (Persian numeral)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (nwzdh /nōzdah/), from Old Persian *navacadaθa.


هجده

hejdah (romanization)
۱۸ (Persian numeral)

[ʔiːd͡ʒ.d̪ä]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (hštdh /haštdah/), equivalent to New Persian هشت (hašt, “eight”) + ده (dah, “ten”).


سینزه

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سینزه • (sinzah, sinza) (Persian numeral ۱۳)

sinzah (romanization)
sinza (romanization)
۱۳ (Persian numeral)


یگ

(dialectal, Mashhad) Alternative form of یک (yek), one


سیصد

sisad (romanization)
۳۰۰ (Persian numeral)


لک

lak (romanization)
۱۰۰۰۰۰ (Persian numeral)

Borrowed from Hindustani लाख / لاکھ (lākh) or Punjabi ਲੱਖ (lakkh), from Sanskrit लक्ष (lakṣa).

گُرُسْنَه چِه کَارِی کُنَد چِهِل نَر
 کِه دَهْ لَک بَرْآیَد بَر او بیخَبَر
 کِه پَیْمَانشِکَسْت بیدَرَنْگ آمَدَنْد
مِیَانِ تیغ و تِیر و تُفَنْگ آمَدَنْد

1705, Guru Gobind Singh, “verse 19—20”, in ظفرنامه [Zafarnama]:

What can forty famished men do
When ten lakh fall upon them without warning?
For they came suddenly, breaking the oath,
They came in the midst of blades and arrows and guns.

gurusna či kārī kunad čihil nar
 ki dah lak bar-āyad bar ō bē-xabar
 ki paymān-šikast bē-darang āmadand
miyān-i tēğ u tīr u tufang āmadand

(Indo-Persian or Dari, money) lakh; hundred thousand


نهصد

nohsad (romanization)
۹۰۰ (Persian numeral)


هشتصد

haštsad (romanization)
۸۰۰ (Persian numeral)


هفتصد

haftsad (romanization)
۷۰۰ (Persian numeral)


چارده

چارده • (čârdah)

[t͡ʃʰɑːɾ.d̪ä]

[t͡ʃʰɑːɾ.d̪ä]

[t͡ʃʰɑːɾ.d̪ä]

[t͡ʃʰɔːɾ.d̪ä]

[t͡ʃʰɒːɹ.d̪æʱ]

چهارده چهارده#Persian


نوازده

نوازده • (nuwāzdah) (Persian numeral ۱۹)

nuwāzdah (romanization)
۱۹ (Persian numeral)

نوزده نوزده#Persian

(Classical Persian) Archaic spelling of نوزده (nineteen).


نزدهم

nuzdahum (romanization)
۱۹ (Persian numeral)

Derived from Classical Persian نوزدهم (nūzdahum, nuwazdahum)

der+

نوزدهم نوزدهم#Persian

Dari standard spelling of نوزدهم (nineteen).


نزده

Derived from Classical Persian نوزده (nūzdah, nuwazdah)

der+

نوزده نوزده#Persian

Dari standard spelling of نوزده (nineteen).


ثلاثه

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ثلاثه • (salâse)


اربعه

Borrowed from Arabic أَرْبَعَة (ʔarbaʕa).


سبعه

رسیده از کرم عشق دولتم جایی
که همتم از اقالیم سبعه گیرد باج

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 133:

From love's generosity, my sovereignty has reached such a station
That my high-mindedness seizes tribute from the Seven Climes.

rasīda az karam-i išq dawlatam jāyē
ki himmatam az aqālīm-i sab'a gīrad bāj

(archaic, literary, in fixed Arabic phrases) seven; Synonym of هفت (haft).