حیثیت

head

حیثیت • (haysiyyat／heysiyyat) (plural حیثیات or حیثیتها)

haysiyyat／heysiyyat (romanization)
حیثیات (plural)
حیثیتها (plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: हैसियत (haisiyat)

Urdu: حَیثِیَّت (haisiyyat)

Borrowed from Arabic حَيْثِيَّة (ḥayṯiyya).


فوته

فوطه فوطه#Persian


فوطه

desctree

→ Arabic: فُوطَة (fūṭa) (likely)
Egyptian Arabic: فوطة (fūṭa)
Moroccan Arabic: فوطة (fūṭa)
South Levantine Arabic: فوطة (fūṭa)
→ English: fouta
→ French: fouta, foutah
→ Portuguese: fota

→ Old Anatolian Turkish: فوطه (fuṭa)

Classical Azerbaijani: futə

Azerbaijani: fitə

Ottoman Turkish: فوطه (futa, fota)
Turkish: futa, fıta, fota, foda
→ Albanian: futë
→ Aromanian: futã, fotã
→ Bulgarian: фу́та (fúta), фота (fota)
→ Georgian: ფუტა (puṭa), ფოტა (poṭa), ფუთა (puta)
→ Greek: φουτάς (foutás)
→ Hungarian: futa, fúta, fota
→ Laz: ჶოტა (foťa)
→ Macedonian: фута (futa)
→ Mingrelian: ფოტა (poṭa), ფოტი (poṭi), ⇒ ფოტინე (poṭine)
→ Old East Slavic: фота (fota), фата (fata)
Russian: фата́ (fatá)
Ukrainian: фо́та (fóta)
→ Polish: fota
→ Pontic Greek: φοτά (fotá)
→ Romanian: fotă
→ Serbo-Croatian: fȕta / фу̏та

From an Indian language, ultimately from Sanskrit पोत (pota, “cloth”). The spelling with ط is an orthographic reborrowing from Arabic فُوطَة (fūṭa).

apron, towel, waistwrap (especially worn in baths)


پرسنل

head

پرسنل • (personel) (plural پرسنلها (personel-hâ))

personel (romanization)
پرسنلها (plural)


واقف

واقف • (vâqef)

fa-noun

واقف • (vâqef)


ضیا

head

ضیا • (ziyâ)

fa-noun

ضیا • (ziyâ)


استیضاح

head

استیضاح • (estizâh)

fa-noun

استیضاح • (estizâh)

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰiː.zɑ́ːʱ]

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰiː.zɑ́ːʱ]

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰiː.zɑ́ː]

Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِيضَاح (istīḍāḥ).


نعلبکی

desc

→ Armenian: նալբաք (nalbakʻ), նալբաքի (nalbakʻi)

→ Avar: на́лбек (nálbek)

→ Azerbaijani: nəlbəki, ləmbəki

→ Georgian: ლამბაქი (lambaki), ნალბაქი (nalbaki)

→ Udi: лаьмбаькуь (lämbäkü), лаьмбаьку (lämbäku)

According to Périkhanian, derived by metathesis from Middle Iranian *rambakīk, a diminutive formation from *rambak attested as Aramaic 𐡓𐡌𐡁𐡊 (rmbk /*rambak/, “possibly bowl”) in an inscription on a bowl discovered in Armenia. The spelling نعلبکی (na'lbaki) is then secondary to نلبکی (nalbaki), influenced by نعل (na'l).


کجاوه

head

کجاوه • (kajâve) (plural کجاوهها (kajâve-hâ))

[kʰä.d͡ʒɑː.wä]

[kʰä.d͡ʒɑː.wä]

[kʰä.d͡ʒɑː.wä]

[kʰä.d͡ʒɔː.wä]

Dehkhoda Dictionary
Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute
University of Tehran Press
fa:کجاوه


موجب

مرا در عشق تو نکوهش کردند و ندانستند که شوق موجب سعادت من است.

They reproached me for loving you, but they did not know that love-yearning is the cause of my eudemonia.

ma-rā dar išq-i tu nakūhiš kardand u na-dānistand ki šawq mūjib-i sa'ādat-i man ast.


شوشتری

شوشتری • (šuštari)

desc

→ Armenian: շո̈ւշտա̈րի (šüštäri)

→ Armenian: շո̈ւշտա̈րի (šüštäri)

→ Azerbaijani: şüştəri

→ Georgian: შუშტარი (šušṭari)


مانع

Borrowed from Arabic مَانِع (māniʕ), from verb مَنَعَ (manaʕa, “to hinder, to prevent”).

رفع موانع

برطرف کردن موانع

obstacle, hindrance (both physical and figurative)


توس

توسکا توسکا#Persian


غوش

توسکا توسکا#Persian

Alternative form of توسکا (tuskâ, “birch”)


غوشه

head

غوشه • (ğuše)

fa-noun

غوشه • (ğuše)

توسکا توسکا#Persian

خوشه خوشه#Persian

Alternative form of خوشه (xuše, “bunch, cluster”)


غان

The Turkic *kiān (“blood”) as in Kazakh қандыағаш (qandyağaş, “alder”). Analogously, for cornel, *kïŕïl (“red”) also sufficed alone for a dendronym in East Slavic, Russian кизи́л (kizíl), Ukrainian кизи́л (kyzýl), Belarusian кізі́л (kizíl), in spite of Turkic languages themselves only using derivations from the adjective therefor. Compare the other name of betulaceous plants هوش (huš) in Persian corresponding to Mongolian хус (xus, “birch”).


لالا

head

لالا • (lâlâ)

fa-noun

لالا • (lâlâ)

Sound-symbolic; compare English lullaby, lull.


لالا

head

لالا • (lâlâ)

fa-noun

لالا • (lâlâ)

→ Azerbaijani: lələ

→ Hindustani:

Urdu: لالا (lālā)

→ Khalaj: lâla

→ Ottoman Turkish: لالا (lâlâ)

Turkish: lala

→ Ushojo: لالا

A nursery word probably originally referring to brothers; compare Baluchi لالا (lálá, “brother”), Pashto لالا (lālā, term used to address an elder brother), Punjabi لالا (lālā, term used to address an elder brother).

cog

(archaic) tutor; especially, tutor of royal princes or other noble children


منشأ

منشأ این کلمه ― manša'-e in kalame ― origin of this word

مهمترین منشأ گناه


استنجاء

head

استنجاء • (estenjâ')

fa-noun

استنجاء • (estenjâ')

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪn.d͡ʒɑ́ːʔ]

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪn.d͡ʒɑ́ːʔ]

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪn.d͡ʒɑ́ː]

Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِنْجَاء (istinjāʔ).

bor+

اِسْتِنْجَاء


تمدید

[t̪ʰäm.d̪íːd̪]

[t̪ʰäm.d̪íːd̪]

[t̪ʰäm.d̪íːd̪]

[t̪ʰäm.d̪íd̪̥]

[t̪ʰæm.d̪íːd̪̥]


دوشیرمه

head

دوشیرمه • (dowširme) (plural دوشیرمهها (dowširme-hâ))

dowširme (romanization)
دوشیرمهها (plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دیوشیرمه (devşirme).


رزانه

head

رزانه • (razâne)

fa-noun

رزانه • (razâne)


شفيع

head

شفيع • (šafī') (plural شفیعان (šafī'ān))

شد شفیع و گفت این ملک و لوا / با کمالی ده که دادی مر مرا

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 2612:

He [Solomon] interceded (with God on their behalf) and said, “Give this kingdom and banner (to them) with the (spiritual) perfection which Thou hast given to me.

šud šafi' u guft en mulk u liwâ / bâ kamâli dih ki dâdi mar marâ


گارسون

گارسون • (gârson)

fa-noun

گارسون • (gârson)


آرایشگر

head

آرایشگر • (ârâyešgar)

fa-noun

آرایشگر • (ârâyešgar)

[ʔɑː.ɾɑːjeʃ.ˈɡaɾ]

[ʔɑː.ɾɑːjeʃ.ɡǽɾ]

[ʔɑː.ɾɑːjeʃ.ɡǽɾ]

[ʔɑː.ɾɑːjeʃɡǽɾ]

[ʔɔː.ɾäjeʃɡǽɾ]

[ʔɒː.ɹɒːjeʃ.ɡʲǽɹ]

[ʔɔ.ɾɔjeʃ.ɡǽɾ]


کنج

→ Azerbaijani: künc

→ Armenian: քունջ (kʻunǰ)

→ Georgian: ქუნჯი (kunǯi)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: كنج (künc)
Gagauz: genç
Turkish: genç
→ Crimean Tatar: genç
→ Middle Armenian: կէնճ (kēnč)
Armenian: կենճ (kenč), գ^յա̈նջ (gʸänǰ) — Van, dialectological notation, կանճ (kanč), կէնճ (kēnč) — traditional orthography

Uncertain. Related to Sanskrit कुञ्चित (kuñcita, “curved, bent, crooked”), कुञ्चन (kuñcana, “contraction”), Old Armenian կնճիռն (knčiṙn, “knot”).


نافه

From ناف (nâf, “navel”), as the glands are located around the deer’s navel.

نافه مشک

caudal gland of the musk deer (which produces musk)


جانان

head

جانان • (jânân)

[d͡ʒɑː.nɑːn]

[d͡ʒɑː.nɑːn]

[d͡ʒɑː.nɑːn]

[d͡ʒɑː.nɑːn]

[d͡ʒɔː.nɔːn]

[d͡ʒɒː.nɒːn]


جانان

جانان • (jânân)

fa-noun

جانان • (jânân)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: جانان (canan)
Turkish: canan

→ Uyghur: جانان (janan)

[d͡ʒɑː.nɑːn]

[d͡ʒɑː.nɑːn]

[d͡ʒɑː.nɑːn]

[d͡ʒɑː.nɑːn]

[d͡ʒɔː.nɔːn]

[d͡ʒɒː.nɒːn]


عیش

head

عیش • (ayš／eyš)

fa-noun

عیش • (ayš／eyš)

→ Bengali: আয়েশ (aẏeś)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: ऐश (aiś)

Urdu: عیش (aiś)

Borrowed from Arabic عَيْش (ʕayš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).


سالک

head

سالک • (sâlek) (plural سالکان (sâlekân))

(Sufism) Sufi devotee; traveler on the mystical path


سالک

سالک • (sâlek)

fa-noun

سالک • (sâlek)

A late 19th-century invention from سال (sâl, “year”) + ـک (-ak) following the belief that normally the disease even without treatment disappears in twelve months.

wp

سالک (بیماری)

cutaneous leishmaniasis
cutaneous leishmaniasis


زمیندار

head

زمیندار • (zamindâr)

fa-noun

زمیندار • (zamindâr)

→ Punjabi: ਜ਼ਿਮੀਂਦਾਰ (zimīndār)

Hindi: जमींदार (jamīndār)

Bengali: জমিদার (jomidar)

→ Urdu: زمیندار (zamīndār)

desc

→ Tamil: ஜமீந்தார் (jamīntār), ஜமீன்தார் (jamīṉtār)

A compound of زمین (zamin, “land”) + دار (dâr, suffix indicating ownership).


آشنایی

head

آشنایی • (âšnâyi or âšenâyi)

âšnâyi (romanization)
âšenâyi (romanization)

[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː.jiː]

[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː.jiː]

[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː.jiː]

[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː.jiː]

[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː.jiː]

[ʔɑːʃ.nɑː.jiː]

[ʔɑː.ʃɪ.nɑː.jiː]

[ʔɒːʃ.nɒː.jiː]

رفت فکر و روشنایی یافتند
نحر و بحر آشنایی یافتند

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3494:

Thought is gone, and they have gained light:
 they have gained the throat (core and essence) and the sea (ultimate source) of gnosis.

raft fikr u rowšnayi yâftand
 nahr u bahr-i-âšnâyi yaftand


جنایات

جنایات • (jenâyât)

[d͡ʒɪ.nɑː.jɑ́ːt̪]

[d͡ʒɪ.nɑː.jɑ́ːt̪]

[d͡ʒɪ.nɑː.jɑ́ːt̪]

جنایت جنایت#Persian


آکواریوم

آکواریوم • (âkvâriom)

fa-noun

آکواریوم • (âkvâriom)


راستی

head

راستی • (râsti)

fa-noun

راستی • (râsti)

[ɹɒːs.t̪ʰiː]

راستی گفته او


گواران

head

گواران • (gwârân)

fa-noun

گواران • (gwârân)

Found in the Qor’an-e Qods, a Sistani Persian translation of the Quran from before the 1100s.

باران باران#Persian

(Sistani, obsolete) Alternative form of باران (bârân, “rain”).


گهیشت

head

گهیشت • (gahišt)

fa-noun

گهیشت • (gahišt)

بهشت بهشت#Persian

(Sistani, obsolete) Alternative form of بهشت (behešt, “heaven; paradise”)


تارم

head

تارم • (târam)

طارم طارم#Persian


طارم

طارم • (târam)

→ Azerbaijani: tarim

→ Turkmen: tärim / тәрим

→ Ottoman Turkish: طارم, تارم

→ Turkish: derim

A Mongolic borrowing: compare Middle Mongol [script needed] (terme, “the wooden grate of the walls of a felt tent”), Kalmyk терм (term, “the wall grate of the kibitka”).
The Mongolic term was borrowed into Turkic: Kipchak terma (terme), Turkish tarma, Tatar тирмә (tirmä), Bashkir тирмә (tirmə), Nogai терме (terme), Kazakh терме (terme), Khakas тирме (tirme), Tuvan тербе (terbe).
The following are ultimately from the same source, acquired via Turkic and/or Persian: Arabic طَارِمَة (ṭārima), Egyptian Arabic طارمة (ṭāṛma), Moroccan Arabic طارمة (ṭāṛma), Andalusian Arabic طَارِمَة (ṭaríma) (whence Catalan tarima, Spanish tarima), Middle Armenian թարմայ (tʻarmay), Armenian թառմա (tʻaṙma).
The spelling with a ط (t) was influenced by the Arabic cognates.

cog

wooden building of a circular form with an arched roof, gazebo

palisade to exclude people from a garden

trellis for vine and other climbing plants


توغ

horsetail worn as a standard of authority, bunchuk


توپخانه

head

توپخانه • (tupxâne)

fa-noun

توپخانه • (tupxâne)


مزدور

→ Azerbaijani: muzdur

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (myzdwbl /mizdwar/, “hireling, hired laborer”), from [script needed] (mzd /mizd/, “reward, hire”), whence modern مزد (mozd).

inh+

نشسته نظاره من از دورشان
تو گفتی بدم پیش مزدورشان

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The reign of Yazdgird”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

I sat, looking at them from afar:
You would have said I was a hireling before them.

nišasta nazāra man az dūr-išān
tu guftī budam pēš muzdūr-išān


کبست

→ Arabic: كَبَسْت (kabast)

Unknown. Questionable if attested in the Greater Bundahishn listing a flowering plant [Book Pahlavi needed] (kawastīg). Since Spiegel, dubiously connected to the Avestan name of an infectious disease 𐬐𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬌𐬱 (kapastiš), owing to the Persian term’s dictionary gloss “deadly poison”. Reasonably, though this was before it was demonstrated that Armenian is no Iranian language, Lagarde deemed either term suffixed from a stem surfacing as Old Armenian կապեմ (kapem, “to bind”), by reason that the colocynth, like all cucurbitaceous plants, is creeping.

Greater Bundahishn
de:Friedrich Spiegel (Orientalist)


خرگه

خرگاه خرگاه#Persian


فسار

fasâr (romanization)
fesâr (romanization)

افسار افسار#Persian


خرگاه

head

خرگاه • (xargâh)

fa-noun

خرگاه • (xargâh)

→ Azerbaijani: xərgah, xərgəh

→ Georgian: ხარგა (xarga)

→ Middle Armenian: խարգահ (xargah)

desctree

→? Ottoman Turkish: چرگه (çerge), خرگاه (harga), չէրկէ (çerge) — Armeno-Turkish
Turkish: çerge
→ Albanian: cergë
→ Aromanian: čérgă
→ Bulgarian: че́рга (čérga)
→ Hungarian: cserge
→ Macedonian: черга (čerga)
→ Romani: cerha
→ Romanian: cérgă
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: че̑рга
Latin script: čȇrga

روز شه در جستجو بیگاه شد / سوی آن کمپیر و آن خرگاه شد

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 329:

The King's day became late [far-spent] in searching [for the falcon]: he went (at last) to the old woman and the tent [where she lived].

ruz-e šah dar jostoju bigâh šod / suy-e ân kampir o ân xargâh šod


افسار

head

افسار • (afsâr)

fa-noun

افسار • (afsâr)

Romani: ašvar

→ Azerbaijani: əfsar, ovsar

→ Kazakh: әбзел (äbzel)

→ Khalaj: afsâr

→ Ottoman Turkish: افسار (efsar)

→ Turkmen: owsar

→ Uzbek: ovsar

From Middle Persian *afsār, whence borrowed Classical Syriac ܐܲܦܣܵܪܵܐ (ʾap̄sārā), Jewish Literary Aramaic אַפִסָרָא (ʾap̄isārā) and Jewish Babylonian Aramaic אַפְסָרָא (ʾap̄sārā), אַפְסִירָא (ʾap̄sīrā). Cognate to Mazanderani اسار (osâr), Central Kurdish هەوسار (hewsar) and Northern Kurdish hevser. Apparently Ancient Greek ψάλιον (psálion, “curb chain”), ψαλόν (psalón, “a kind of bridle”), ψέλιον (psélion, “a kind of anklet worn by the Persians”) are also Iranian borrowings.
See also Arabic إِبْزِيم (ʔibzīm, “clasp”) and Arabic أَبْزَار (ʔabzār), Old Armenian օճառ (ōčaṙ, “harness”) and the terms linked there for possibly the same stem with a different ending.

cog

curb chain; (loosely) bridle, harness, headstall, curb, rein


سماروغ

head

سماروغ • (samâruğ)

fa-noun

سماروغ • (samâruğ)

[sä.mɔː.ɾʊːɣ]

[sæ.mɒː.ɹuːɢ̥]

Most likely a compound corresponding to زمی (zami, “earth”) + آروغ (âruğ, “belch; burp”). Persian sometimes conflates initial /s-/ and /z-/.


واضع

head

واضع • (vâze')

fa-noun

واضع • (vâze')


پاچیله

head

پاچیله • (pâčile)

By metathesis (perhaps under the influence of پاچه (pâče, “feet”)), ultimately from Telugu చెప్పులు (ceppulu), the plural of చెప్పు (ceppu).


هزاره

هزاره • (hezâre) (plural هزارهها (hezâre-hâ))

From Classical Persian هزار (hazār, “thousand”) + ـه (-a).

af

fa:مردمان هزاره
fa:هزاره


غرش

head

غرش • (ğorreš)

fa-noun

غرش • (ğorreš)

From غر (ğorr, present stem of غریدن (ğorridan, “to rare”)) + ـش (-eš).

af

غر
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">غریدن</i> (ğorridan, “to rare”)>


ماشه

head

ماشه • (mâše)

fa-noun

ماشه • (mâše)


دربند

→ Azerbaijani: dərbənd

desc

→ Ottoman Turkish: دربند (derbend, derbent, dervent) (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkmen: derbent

→ Uzbek: darband

[d̪äɾ.bǽn̪d̪̥]

[d̪æɹ.bǽn̪d̪̥]

From در (dar, “door, gate, passage”) + بند (band, “band, tie, fastening”).

compound

a narrow and difficult pass through mountains, canyon, gorge


جندره

An Indo-Aryan borrowing, ultimately from Sanskrit यन्त्र (yantra).

two pieces of wood used for smoothing linens; a calender, mangle

(figurative) detersion, smoothening, extenuation


تابش

head

تابش • (tabeš)

fa-noun

تابش • (tabeš)

From تاب (tâb, “shine”) + ـش (-eš, suffix forming nouns from a present stem verb).

af

تابش خورشید او را میکشد
رنج او خورشید هرگز کی کشد

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 792:

The glow of the sun kills it;
how should the sun ever suffer annoyance from it?

tabiš-i xwaršēd ō rā mē-kušad
ranj-i ō xwaršēd hargiz kay kašad


اهل صنعت

→ Azerbaijani: əhli-sənət

[ʔäɦ.lɪ sän.ʔät̪]

[ʔäɦ.lɪ sän.ʔät̪]


اهل خبره

→ Azerbaijani: əhli-xibrə

[ʔäɦ.lɪ xɪb.ɾä]

[ʔäɦ.lɪ xɪb.ɾä]

[ʔɑː.lɪ xɪb.ɾä]


اهل قبور

→ Azerbaijani: əhli-qübur


اهل معرفت

→ Azerbaijani: əhli-mərifət

[ʔäɦ.lɪ mäʔ.ɾɪ.fät̪]

[ʔäɦ.lɪ mäʔ.ɾɪ.fät̪]

[ʔɑː.lɪ mɑː.ɾɪ.fät̪]


اهل قلم

→ Azerbaijani: əhli-qələm


احیا

head

احیا • (ehyâ)

fa-noun

احیا • (ehyâ)

چو عیسی گر همی خواهی که مانی زنده جاویدان
ز احیائت بساز اموات و از اموات احیا کن

c. 1120, Sanā'ī Ghaznawī, “Qaṣīda 148”, in دیوان سنایی:

If you want to remain alive forever, like Jesus,
Make [multiple] deaths [of the egoistic self] out of your resurrection, and resurrect [yourself] from the deaths.

čū īsā gar hamē xwāhī ki mānī zinda jāwēdān
zi ihyā'-at bisāz amwāt u az amwāt ihyā kun

احیای جنگل ― ehyâ-ye jangal ― reforestation

روسیه دوشنبه اعلام کرد که در مذاکرات احیای توافق هستهای برجام «همچنان برخی از مسائل حل نشده باقی مانده است.»

2022 September 19, “احیای برجام؛ روسیه: برخی مسائل حلنشده باقی مانده است”, in bbc.com/persian, BBC Persian:

Russia announced on Monday that "some problems still remain unresolved" in the negotiations for the restoration of the JCPOA nuclear deal.

rusiye došambe e'lâm kard ke dar mozâkerât-e ehyâ-ye tavâfoq-e haste'i-ye barjâm "hamčenân barxi az masâ'el-e hal na-šode bâqi mânde ast."


ولات

head

ولات • (volât)


تی

Borrowed from French T, because the shape resembles the Roman letter T.


بیعت

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: बैअत (baiat)

Urdu: بَیعَت (baiʻat)

→ Punjabi:

Shahmukhi script: بَیْعَت (baiʻat)


راوی

راوی • (râvi) (plural رواة (ravât) or راویان (râviyân))

râvi (romanization)
رواة (plural)
راویان (plural)

(literature) narrator (of a novel, etc.)


دوشس

دوشس • (dušes)

fa-noun

دوشس • (dušes)


دوک

→ Khalaj: dûk


نهی

head

نَهْی • (nahy)

fa-noun

نَهْی • (nahy)

امر به معروف و نهی از منکر
amr be ma'ruf o nahy az monkar
enjoining good and forbidding wrong
(a duty in Islam)


دامگاه

head

دامگاه • (dâmgâh)

fa-noun

دامگاه • (dâmgâh)

[d̪ɑːm.ɡɑːʱ]

[d̪ɑːm.ɡɑːʱ]

[d̪ɒːm.ɡɒːʱ]

تو را ز کنگرهٔ عرش میزنند صفیر
ندانمت که در این دامگه چه افتادست

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 37”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divan of Hafez]:

For you, they whistle from the heights of the Empyrean;
I do not know what has befallen you in this world of snares.

to râ ze kongere-ye 'erš mi-zanand safir
na-dânam-at ke dar in dâmgah če oftâd ast

place full of snares and nets; (poetic, figurative) the world; the treacherous world


برزیلی

head

برزیلی • (barazili) (plural برزیلیها (barazili-hâ))

barazili (romanization)
برزیلیها (plural)


اسارت

اسارت • (asârat)

fa-noun

اسارت • (asârat)

[ʔä.sɑː.ɾǽt̪]

[ʔä.sɑː.ɾǽt̪]

[ʔä.sɑː.ɾǽt̪]

[ʔä.sɔː.ɾǽt̪]

[ʔæ.sɒː.ɹǽt̪]

[ʔä.sɔ.ɾǽt̪]


خودبین

→ Azerbaijani: xudbin

→ Turkish: hodbin

→ Uzbek: xudbin

From خود + بین.


انتباه

head

اِنتِباه • (entebâh)

fa-noun

اِنتِباه • (entebâh)

اِنتِباه (canonical)
entebâh (romanization)

[ʔɪn̪.t̪ʰɪ.bɑːʱ]

[ʔɪn̪.t̪ʰɪ.bɑːʱ]

[ʔɪn̪.t̪ʰɪ.bɑː]

Borrowed from Arabic اِنْتِبَاه (intibāh).


والدین

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: वालिदैन (vālidain)

Urdu: والِدَین (vālidain)

Borrowed from Arabic وَالِدَيْن (wālidayn), oblique dual of وَالِد (wālid). By surface analysis, والد (wālid／vâled) + ـین (-ayn／-eyn).


غیب

head

غیب • (ğeyb)

fa-noun

غیب • (ğeyb)

چه گویمت که به میخانه دوش مست و خراب
سروشِ عالمِغیبم چه مژدهها دادست

How shall I tell you, last night at the tavern, [while I was] drunk and ruined,
What good tidings an angel from the unseen world brought to me?

či gôyam-at ki ba mayxana dôš mast u xarâb
surôš-i âlim-i ğayb-am či muždahâ dâd ast

(especially Islam) the unseen; the mysterious and invisible, known only to God and the prophets and imams


خداداد

head

خُداداد • (xodâdâd)

fa-noun

خُداداد • (xodâdâd)

خُداداد (canonical)
xodâdâd (romanization)

[xu.ðɑː.ðɑːð]

[xʊ.d̪ɑː.d̪ɑːd̪]

[xʊ.d̪ɑː.d̪ɑːd̪]

[xʊ.d̪ɑː.d̪ɑːd̪]

خدا (xodâ, “God”) + داد (dâd, past stem of دادن (dâdan, “to give”)).

af

past stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">دادن</i> (dâdan, “to give”)

حسد چه میبری ای سست نظم بر حافظ؟
 قبولِ خاطر و لطفِ سخن خدادادست

How should you envy Hafez, o feeble poet?
Acceptance of the heart and eloquence of speech are gifts from God.

hasad či mê-barî ay sust nazm bar hâfiz
qabûl-i xâtir u lutf-i suxan xudâdâd ast


لآلی

[lä.ʔɑː.líː]

[lä.ʔɑː.líː]

[læ.ʔɒː.líː]

لؤلؤ لؤلؤ#Persian


درون

→ Ottoman Turkish: درون (derun)

→ Northern Kurdish: derûn

Clipping of اندرون (andarun), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾndlwn' /andarōn/, “inside, within”).

inh

interior, inside, inner, inward, bowels, core, heart


درون

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dlwn' /drōn/, “consecrated bread; a kind of ritual in which consecrated bread is used”), also attested in Classical Syriac ܕܪܘܢ (drōn, “consecrated bread; a kind of ritual in which consecrated bread is used”) and a derivative ܕܪܘܢܝܐ (drōnāyyā, “a kind of attendant serving sacred bread”).


پیمانه

head

پیمانه • (peymâne)

fa-noun

پیمانه • (peymâne)

Tajik: паймона (paymona) — historical

→ Uzbek: паймона (paymona)

→ Azerbaijani: peymanə

→ Ottoman Turkish: پیمانه (peymane)

a historical measure of capacity, of various sizes but gauged by Ghazan to weigh 8.3 kg


صراحی

head

صراحی • (sorâhi) (plural صراحیها (sorâhi-hâ))

[sʊ.ɾɑː.ɦíː]

[sʊ.ɾɑː.ɦíː]

[sʊ.ɾɑː.jíː]

[so.ɹɒː.ɦíː]

زلفآشفته و خویکرده و خندانلب و مست
 پیرهنچاک و غزلخوان و صراحی در دست

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 26”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divan of Hafez]:

Tousled-hair and sweating and smiling-lipped and drunk,
Shirt-torn and singing songs and wine-flask in hand

zulf-âšufta wu xway-karda wu xandân-lab u mast
pîrhan-čâk u ǧazal-xân u surâhî dar dast


عربده

[ʔäɾ.bä.d̪ä]

[ʔäɾ.bä.d̪ä]

[ʔäɾ.bä.d̪ä]

[ʔäɾ.bä.d̪ä]

[ʔäɾ.bä.d̪ä]

Borrowed from Arabic عَرْبَدَة (ʕarbada).


طایر

head

طایر • (tâyer) (plural طیور (toyur) or طیر (teyr))

tâyer (romanization)
طیور (plural)
طیر (plural)


برین

Probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreyH- (“to cut”); compare Central Kurdish برین (brîn, “injury, cut”). Distantly related to English brine.


حلقه به گوش

head

حلقه به گوش • (halqe be guš)

fa-noun

حلقه به گوش • (halqe be guš)

[ʔäl.qä bä ɡoːʃ]

[ʔäl.qä bä ɡʊːʃ]

حلقه (halqe, “ring, hoop”) + به (be, “on”) + گوش (guš, “ear”), literally “ring-on-the-ear”. In ancient and medieval Persia, slaves were marked by earrings bearing their owner’s name.

af

تا شدم حلقه به گوشِ درِ میخانهٔ عشق
 هر دم آید غمی از نو به مبارکبادم

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 317”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Hafez]:

Since I became a slave to the door of love’s tavern
A sorrow comes every moment to congratulate me anew.

tâ šudam halqa ba gôš-i dar-i mayxâna-yi išq
har dam âyad ğammî az naw ba mubârakbâd-am


داج

بیاض روی تو روشن چو عارض رخ روز
سواد زلف سیاه تو هست ظلمت داج

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 97”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

The whiteness of your face is bright like the cheeks of the face of day,
The blackness of your sable locks is the darkness of obscure night.

bayāz-i rō-yi tu rōšan čū āriz-i rux-i rōz
sawād-i zulf-i siyāh-i tu hast zulmat-i dāj


خواجگی

head

خواجگی • (xâjegi)

fa-noun

خواجگی • (xâjegi)

→ Azerbaijani: xacəgi

→ Ottoman Turkish: خواجكی (hâcegî)

Turkish: hâcegî

→ Uzbek: xojagi

desc

→ Urdu: خْوَاجَگِی (xvājagī)

→ Urdu: خْوَاجَگِی (xvājagī)

[xʷɑː.d͡ʒa.ˈɡiː]

[xɑː.d͡ʒä.ɡíː]

[xɑː.d͡ʒä.ɡíː]

[xɑː.d͡ʒä.ɡíː]

[xɔː.d͡ʒä.ɡí]

[xɒːd͡ʒe.ɡʲíː]

[χɔ.d͡ʒä.ɡí]

From خواجه (xâje) + ـگی (-gi). The Tajik usage of хоҷагӣ (xojagi) to mean "a sector or type of economy" is a phono-semantic matching of Russian хозяйство (xozjajstvo).


مخدوم

head

مخدوم • (maxdum) (plural مخادیم (maxâdim))


طلاکاری

طلاکاری • (telâkâri)

fa-noun

طلاکاری • (telâkâri)

→ Urdu: طلا کاری (tilā kārī)

→ Uzbek: tillakori

[t̪ʰɪ.lɑː.kʰɑː.ɾiː]

[t̪ʰɪ.lɑː.kʰɑː.ɾiː]

[t̪ʰɪ.lɑː.kʰɑː.ɾiː]

From طلاکار (telâkâr, “gilder”) + ـی (-i).


طلاکار

head

طلاکار • (telâkâr)

fa-noun

طلاکار • (telâkâr)

→ Azerbaijani: tilakar

→ Gujarati: તિલાકાર (tilākār)

→ Urdu: طلا کار (tilā kār)

→ Uzbek: tillakor

[t̪ʰɪ.lɑː.kʰɑːɾ]

[t̪ʰɪ.lɑː.kʰɑːɾ]

[t̪ʰɪ.lɑː.kʰɑːɾ]

[t̪ʰi.lɔː.kʰɔːɾ]

[t̪ʰe.lɒː.kʰɒːɹ]


زردوزان

head

زردوزان • (zarduzân)

زردوز زردوز#Persian


زردوز

زردوز • (zarduz) (plural زردوزان (zarduzân))

→ Ottoman Turkish: زردوز (zerduz)

→ Urdu: زردوز (zardōz)

→ Uzbek: zardoʻz


کثافت

کثافت • (kesâfat) (plural کثافات (kesâfât))

→ Kazakh: кесапат (kesapat)

Borrowed from Arabic كَثَافَة (kaṯāfa, “density”). The semantic shift from Arabic is explained by the fact that in some Arabic and Persian dialects dirt (soil) is used in the sense of bulk density, as the latter property denotes the magnitude of solids like mineral components such as soil/earth/dirt/gravel.

bor+

خریطه کثافت

rubbish bag, bin bag, trash bag, garbage bag

(Dari) rubbish, trash, garbage, refuse, waste, litter


آریا

head

آریا • (âriyâ or âryâ) (plural آریاها (âriyâ-hâ) or آریایان (âriyâyân))

âriyâ (romanization)
âryâ (romanization)
آریاها (plural)
آریایان (plural)

[ʔɑː.ɾi.jɑː]

[ʔɑː.ɾi.jɑː]

[ʔɑː.ɾi.jɑː]

[ʔɑː.ɾi.jɑː]

[ʔɔː.ɾi.jɔː]

[ʔɒː.ɹi.jɒː]

Learned borrowing from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹 (a-r-i-y /Ariyaʰ/) or Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 (aⁱriia), ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Áryas (see for more information). Doublet of ایر (êr, “Iranian”), which was inherited via Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭫 (ʾyl /ēr/). Compare Urdu آریہ (ārya, “Aryan”).
Attested in the Neo-Persian period when used by Hamza Isfahani in the 10th century AD as a synonym of ایران (êrân, “Iran”). The modern usage of it in reference to the supposed Aryan race dates back to the early 20th century, when Sadeq Rezazadeh Shafaq became the first to use it in place of the earlier آریان (âryân), which was borrowed in the late 19th century from either French aryen or English Aryan by Mirza Aqa Khan Kermani.


خرقه

Borrowed from Arabic خِرْقَة (ḵirqa, “rags, tatters”).

bor+

mantle; cloak; habit (usually of a dervish or saint, especially one ragged from asceticism)


صفوی

head

صفوی • (safavi) (plural صفویان (safaviyân))

Borrowed from Arabic صَفَوِيّ (ṣafawiyy).


آب‌انبار

head

آبانبار • (âb-anbâr) (plural آبانبارها (âb-anbâr-hâ))

آبانبار (canonical)
âb-anbâr (romanization)
آبانبارها (plural)

→ Khalaj: âbəmbâr

[ʔɑː.βan.ˈbɑːɾ]

[ʔɑː.bäm.bɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔɑː.bäm.bɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔɑː.bäm.bɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔɔː.bäm.bɔ́ːɾ]

[ʔɒː.bæm.bɒ́ːɹ]

From آب (âb, “water”) + انبار (anbâr, “store, reservoir”).

af

An underground chamber to reserve rain water, cistern


بوذاسف

head

بوذاسَف • (buzâsaf)

fa-noun

بوذاسَف • (buzâsaf)

بوذاسَف (canonical)
buzâsaf (romanization)

Borrowed from Sogdian [script needed] (bōdisaf /pwtysβ/), perhaps under influence from Middle Persian [script needed] (bōdāsp /bwtʾsp/), both ultimately from Sanskrit बोधिसत्त्व (bodhisattva).

cog

بوداسف بوداسف#Persian

Alternative form of بوداسف (budâsaf, “Bodhisattva”).


ماسوره

head

ماسوره • (mâsure)

fa-noun

ماسوره • (mâsure)

[mɑː.súː.ɾä]

[mɑː.súː.ɾä]

[mɑː.súː.ɾä]


شرجی

head

شَرجی • (šarji)

fa-noun

شَرجی • (šarji)

Borrowed from Gulf Arabic شرجي (šarji, “hot southeasterly wind”), from Arabic شَرْقِيّ (šarqiyy, “eastern”). Doublet of شرقی (šarqi).

bor+

humid, hot southeasterly wind blowing on the Persian Gulf coast


بوبو

head

بُوبو or بوبو • (bûbô or bôbô) (plural ننهها)

بُوبو (canonical)
بوبو (canonical)
bûbô (romanization)
bôbô (romanization)
ننهها (plural)

(chiefly Dari, usually childish or endearing) mother


اویغور

اویغور or اُویْغُور • (uyğur or ûyğûr) (plural اویغورها (uyğur-hâ))

اویغور (canonical)
اُویْغُور (canonical)
uyğur (romanization)
ûyğûr (romanization)
اویغورها (plural)

[ʔuːj.ˈɣuːɾ]


کرت

Unknown.
According to the 1390s chronicle فُتوحاتِ میرانشاهی (fotuhât-e mirânšâhi, “Conquests of Miran Shah”), the word is an obscure word meaning شکافتن (šekâftan, “to split; to destroy”). The Kart founder is said to have fought viciously as a commander for the Mongols in a battle against the Khwarazmshah, during which the Khwarazmians said آن غوری کرت است (ân ğuri kart ast, “This Ghurid is kart”), whence the name.

(historical) Kartid (member of a dynasty that ruled Khurasan in the 1200s and 1300s, related to the Ghurids)


کرت

Crete (an island in the Mediterranean, and the largest in Greece)


کشتی شکسته

کشتی شکستهها

کشتی شکستگان

کشتی شکسته • (kešti šekaste) (plural کشتی شکستهها (-kešti šekaste-hâ) or کشتی شکستگان (kešti šekastegân))

fa-noun

کشتی شکستهها

کشتی شکستگان

kešti šekaste (romanization)
کشتی شکستهها (plural)
کشتی شکستگان (plural)

[kʰäʃ.t̪ʰíː ʃɪ.kʰäs.t̪ʰǽ]

[kʰäʃ.t̪ʰíː ʃɪ.kʰäs.t̪ʰǽ]

[kʰäʃ.t̪ʰíː ʃɪ.kʰäs.t̪ʰǽ]

[kʰäʃ.t̪ʰí ʃi.kʰäs.t̪ʰǽ]

[kʰʲeʃ.t̪ʰíː ʃe.kʰʲæs.t̪ʰé]

[kʰäʃ.t̪ʰí ʃi.kʰäs.t̪ʰǽ]

کشتی شکستگانیم ای باد شرطه برخیز
باشد که باز بینم دیدار آشنا را

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 5”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Hafez]:

We are shipwrecked ones! Arise, favorable winds,
May it be that I’ll behold the sight of [my] love again.

kašti šikastagân-êm ay bâd šurta barxêz
bâšad ki bâz bênam dîdâr-i âšnâ râ


فدا

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: फ़िदा (fidā)

Urdu: فدا (fidā)

→ Kazakh: пида (pida)

چه قیامت است جانا که به عاشقان نمودی؟
دل و جان فدای رویت بنما عذار ما را

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 6”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Hafez]:

What judgment day is this, my love, that you showed yourself to the lovers?
For the sake of your face, I sacrifice my heart and life; show us your cheek.

či qayâmat ast jân-â ki ba ašiqân namûdî?
dil u jân fidâ-yi rôy-at binamâ ezâr mâ râ

ای دشمن ار تو سنگ خارهای، من آهنم
جان من فدای خاک پاک میهنم

1944, “ای ایران [O Iran]”, Hoseyn Gol-e-Golâb (lyrics), Ruhollâh Xâleqi (music):

O enemy, if you are granite, then I am iron
My life is a sacrifice for the pure soil of my homeland

ey došman ar to sang-e xâre-'i man âhan-am
jân-e man fadâ-ye xâk-e pâk-e mihan-am


قفقازشناسی

head

قفقازشناسی • (qafqâzšenâsi)

fa-noun

قفقازشناسی • (qafqâzšenâsi)


قفقازشناس

head

قفقازشناس • (qafqâzšenâs)

fa-noun

قفقازشناس • (qafqâzšenâs)


جرعه

jor'e (romanization)
jar'e (romanization)

Borrowed from Arabic جُرْعَة (jurʕa), جَرْعَة (jarʕa).

به خدا که جرعهای ده تو به حافظ سحرخیز
که دعای صبحگاهی اثری کند شما را

By God, give a draught to Hafez, who awakes at dawn;
May this morning prayer have a little affect on you.

ba xudâ ki jur'a'ê dah tu ba hâfiz-i sahar-xêz
ki du'â-yi subhgâhî asarê kunad šumâ râ


عنقا

head

عنقا • ('anqâ)

fa-noun

عنقا • ('anqâ)

سیمرغ سیمرغ#Persian

(Iranian mythology) Synonym of سیمرغ (simorğ, a mythical bird).


ننگ

From Middle Persian [script needed] (nng /nang/).

inh

گر چه بدنامیست نزد عاقلان
ما نمیخواهیم ننگ و نام را

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 8”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Hafez]:

Though the opinion of the wise is [that] infamy [is ours],
[In reality,] we want neither shame nor fame.

gar či badnâmî-st nazd-i âqilân
mâ na-mê-xwâhêm nang u nâm râ


فرجام

head

فَرجام • (farjâm)

fa-noun

فَرجام • (farjâm)

فَرجام (canonical)
farjâm (romanization)

[fäɾ.d͡ʒɑːm]

[fäɾ.d͡ʒɑːm]

[fäɾ.d͡ʒɑːm]

[fäɾ.d͡ʒɔːm]

[fæɹ.d͡ʒɒːm]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (plcʾm /frazām/), from Proto-Iranian *fra- (from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pra-, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-) + Proto-Iranian *ǰám- (from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-).

der

from Proto-Indo-European <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*gʷem-</i>

چو رستم برانسان پری چهره دید
ز هر دانشی نزد او بهره دید
و دیگر که از رخش داد آگهی
ندید ایچ فرجام جز فرهی

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The tale of Suhrāb”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

When Rustam thus saw the fairy-faced one,
He saw profit in each thing she made known,
And also, since she brought news of Rakhsh,
He envisioned no result save for glory.

čū rustam bar ān sān parī čihra dīd
zi har dānišē nazd-i ō buhra dīd
u dīgar ki az raxš dād āgahī
na-dīd ēč farjām juz farrahī


تخمین

estimating, estimation, appraisal, evaluation


گشن

head

گشن • (gošn)

fa-noun

گشن • (gošn)

Ultimately from Old Iranian *vršna-. Cognate with Classical Syriac ܐܘܫܢܐ, an Iranian borrowing.


شاعره

head

شاعره • (šâ'ere)

fa-noun

شاعره • (šâ'ere)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: शायरा (śāyrā)

Urdu: شَاعِرَہ (śā'ira)

[ʃɑː.ʔi.ˈɾa]

Borrowed from Arabic شَاعِرَة (šāʕira). By surface analysis, شاعر (šâ'er) + ـه (-e).


جنگ‌افزار

جنگافزار (canonical)
jang-afzâr (romanization)

[d͡ʒäŋ.ɡäf.zɑːɾ]

[d͡ʒäŋ.ɡäf.zɑːɾ]

[d͡ʒäŋ.ɡäf.zɑːɾ]

[d͡ʒäŋ.ɡäf.zɔːɾ]

[d͡ʒæɲ.ɡʲæf.zɒːɹ]

[d͡ʒäŋ.ɡäf.zɔɾ]

A compound of جنگ (jang, “war, battle”) + افزار (afzâr, “wear, instrument, means, tool”)


افزار

head

افزار • (afzâr)

fa-noun

افزار • (afzâr)

→ Urdu: افزار (afzār)

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾp̄cʾl, ʾp̄zʾl /abzār/, “instrument, means; spice”). Doublet of ابزار (abzâr, “tool, instrument, means”).
Cognate with Parthian 𐫀𐫀𐫁𐫝𐫀𐫡 (ʾʾbcʾr), 𐫀𐫁𐫝𐫡 (ʾbcr), 𐫀𐫀𐫁𐫋𐫀𐫡 (ʾʾbjʾr /ābžār/, “materials, means”)


قبطی

Borrowed from Arabic قِبْطِيّ (qibṭiyy).


سیاه کاسه

head

سیاه کاسه • (siyâh kâse)

fa-noun

سیاه کاسه • (siyâh kâse)

From سیاه (siyâh, “black”) + کاسه (kâse, “bowl, cup, vessel”).

af

برو از خانهٔ گردون به در و نان مطلب
کان سیه کاسه در آخر بکشد مهمان را

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 9”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Hafez]:

Go forth from heaven’s house to the door, and ask for no bread,
For that miser will, in the end, slay his guest.

biraw az xâna-yi gardûn ba dar u nân ma-talab
k-ân siyah kâsa dar âxir bikušad mihmân râ


تقاضا

head

تقاضا • (taqâzâ)

fa-noun

تقاضا • (taqâzâ)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: तक़ाज़ा (taqāzā)

Urdu: تقاضا (taqāzā)

→ Pashto: تقاضا (taqāzā)

[t̪ʰä.qɑː.zɑː]

[t̪ʰä.qɑː.zɑː]

[t̪ʰä.qɑː.zɑː]

[t̪ʰä.qɔː.zɔː]

[t̪ʰæ.ʁɒː.zɒː]

2017 April 25, “تقاضا از ترامپ برای آزادی دو شهروند دوتابعیتی در ایران”, in BBC Persian:

Request for Trump to free two dual citizens in Iran

taqâzâ az terâmp barâ-ye âzâdi-ye do šahrvand-e dotâbe'iyati dar irân


چومپ

head

چومپ • (čomp)


خرمالوها

خرمالوها • (xormâluhâ)

خرمالو خرمالو#Persian


گوشت‌خوار

گوشتخوار • (gušt-xvâr)

fa-noun

گوشتخوار • (gušt-xvâr)

گوشتخوار (canonical)
gušt-xvâr (romanization)

[ɡoːʃt.xʷɑːɾ]

[ɡoːʃt̪.xɑːɾ]

[ɡoːʃt̪.xɑːɾ]

[ɡoːʃt̪.xɑːɾ]

[ɡʊːʃt̪.xɔːɾ]

[ɡ̥uːʃt̪.xɒːɹ]

Composed of گوشت (gušt, “meat, flesh”) + خوار (xvâr, “eat, consume”).


رودبار

head

رودبار • (rudbâr)

fa-noun

رودبار • (rudbâr)

[ɾoːð.ˈbɑːɾ]

[rʊːd̪.bɔ́ːɾ]

[ɹuːd̪.bɒ́ːɹ]

Inherited from Middle Persian lwtbʾl (rōd-bār, “river bank”).


رزمگاه

head

رزمگاه • (razmgâh)

fa-noun

رزمگاه • (razmgâh)

[räzm.ɡɑ́ːʱ]

[räzm.ɡɑ́ːʱ]

[ɹæzm.ɡɒ́ːʰ]

Inherited from Middle Persian lcmgʾs (razmgāh, “battlefield”). Composed of رزم (razm, “war, battle”) + گاه (gâh, “place”).


تصدیق

head

تصدیق • (tasdīq) (plural تصدیقات (tasdīqāt))

[t̪ʰæs.d̪iːɢ̥]

چشم احمد بر ابو بکری زده / او ز یک تصدیق صدیق آمده

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 2688:

The eye of Ahmad was cast upon an Abú Bakr: he by a single act of faith became a Siddíq.

čašm-i-Ahmad bar Abû-Bakr-i zada / ô ze yak tasdîq sadîq âmada

confirmation, certification, attestation, acknowledging as true


مکاشفه

مکاشفه • (mokâšafa)

fa-noun

مکاشفه • (mokâšafa)

Borrowed from Arabic مُكَاشَفَة (mukāšafa).


طبله

head

طبله • (table) (plural طبلهها (table-hâ))

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طبله (tabla, “circular tray”)

bor+

طبلهها بشکست و جانها ریختند
نیک و بد در همدگر آمیختند

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 283:

The trays were broken and the souls were spilled:
good and evil ones were mingled with each other.

tabla-hā bi-šikast u jān-hā rēxtand
nēk u bad dar hamdigar āmēxtand


تأله

تَأَلُّه (canonical)
ta'alloh (romanization)

[t̪ʰɑːäl.lʊ]

[t̪ʰä.ʔäl.lɵʰ]

Borrowed from Arabic تَأَلُّه (taʔalluh).

(philosophy, Sufism) theosis; deiformity (becoming Godlike, the ultimate stage of human perfection in certain schools of Islamic philosophy)


موافقت

head

مُوافِقَت • (movâfeqat)

fa-noun

مُوافِقَت • (movâfeqat)

مُوافِقَت (canonical)
movâfeqat (romanization)

Borrowed from Arabic مُوَافَقَة (muwāfaqa).

bor+

ما در جهان موافقت کس نمیکنیم
ما خانه زیر گنبد اطلس نمیکنیم
مخمور و مست و تشنه و بسیار خوارهایم
بس کردهاند جمله و ما بس نمیکنیم

c. 1260, Rumi, دیوان شمس تبریزی [Dīvān-i Shams-i Tabrīzī]:

We will not conform to anyone in this world;
We will make no house under the satin dome [of heaven];
We are tipsy and drunk, we are thirsty and glutted;
They have all done enough, we will do no more.

mā dar jahān muwāfaqat-i kas na-mē-kunēm
mā xāna zēr-i gumbad-i atlas na-mē-kunēm
maxmur u mast u tišna u bisyār xwāra-ēm
bas karda-and jumla wa mā bas na-mē-kunēm.


قیافه

head

قیافه • (qiyâfe)

fa-noun

قیافه • (qiyâfe)

exterior appearance of a person (often denoting character as well); physiognomy


تدبیر

head

تدبیر • (tadbir) (plural تدابیر (tadâbir) or تدبیرها (tadbir-hâ))

tadbir (romanization)
تدابیر (plural)
تدبیرها (plural)

تدبیرِ جنگ

افکن این تدبیر خود را پیش دوست
گر چه تدبیرت هم از تدبیر اوست

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 1060:

Cast away this contrivance of yours before the Beloved—
though your contrivance indeed is of His contriving.

afkan īn tadbīr-i xwad rā pēš-i dōst
gar či tadbīr-at ham az tadbīr-i ō-st

تدبیرِ منزل


مکمل

Borrowed from Arabic مُكَمِّل (mukammil).

bor+

مکمل گلوتامین

supplement (now especially nutritional supplements)


میکروپنیس

From میکروـ + پنیس.

af

میکروـ + پنیس

fa:میکروپنیس


پنیس

Learned borrowing from Latin pēnis (“tail, penis”), from Proto-Indo-European *pes- (“penis”). Cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *pásas.


ماکروپنیس

head

ماکروپنیس • (mâkropenis)

fa-noun

ماکروپنیس • (mâkropenis)

From ماکروـ + پنیس.

af

ماکروـ + پنیس

fa:ماکروپنیس


تستیکول

Borrowed from French testicule, from Latin testiculus.


تقلید

[t̪ʰæʁ.liːd̪̥]

Borrowed from Arabic تَقْلِید (“imitation”)

bor+

ز آن که تقلید آفت هر نیکویی است
که بود تقلید اگر کوه قوی است

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 484:

Inasmuch as imitation is the bane of every good quality;
imitation is (but) a straw, (even) if it is a mighty mountain.

za ān ki taqlīd āfat-i har nēkūyī-st
kah buwad taqlīd agar kōh-i qawī-st


خارپشت

head

خارپُشت • (xârpošt)

fa-noun

خارپُشت • (xârpošt)

خارپُشت (canonical)
xârpošt (romanization)

[xɑːɾ.pʰʊʃt̪]

[xɑːɾ.pʰʊʃt̪]

[xɑːɾ.pʰʊʃt̪]

[χɔɾ.pʰuʃt̪]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (hʾlpwšt' /xārpušt/), equivalent to خار (xâr, “thorn”) + پشت (pošt, “back”).


بهیمه

head

بهیمه • (bahime) (plural بهائم (bahâ'em))


آت و آشغال

آت و آشغال • (ât-o-âšğâl)

fa-noun

آت و آشغال • (ât-o-âšğâl)

The first element is probably from Fahlavīyāt, from Middle Persian [script needed] (āxt, “bad, ugly, sick; filth, corruption”).


پول‌شویی

head

پولشویی • (pul-šuyi)

fa-noun

پولشویی • (pul-šuyi)

پولشویی (canonical)
pul-šuyi (romanization)


طفولیت

Borrowed from Arabic طُفُولِيَّة (ṭufūliyya).

bor+

در طفولیت بر سر کویی چنانکه عادت کودکان باشد بازی میکردند. کودکی چند را دیدم که جمع میآمدند.

c. 1180, Shihāb al-Dīn Suhrawardī, رسالة فی حالة الطفولیت [Story on the State of Childhood]:

During my childhood, I was playing on the side of the alley as children are wont to do. I saw several children who were coming in a group.

dar tufūliyyat bar sar-i kōyē čunānki ādat-i kōdakān bāšad bāzī mē-kardand. kōdakē čand-rā dīdam ki jam' mē-āmadand.


ترکمن

head

ترکمن • (torkman, torkaman) (plural ترکمنها (torkman-hâ, torkaman-hâ))

torkman (romanization)
torkaman (romanization)
ترکمنها (plural)

Mahmud al-Kashgari
Rashid al-Din
Sayan Mountains

From a Turkic language, combining Old Turkic 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (t²ür²k̥, “Turk”) with a suffix *-man sometimes found in tribal and place names, cf. Old Anatolian Turkish قرامان (qarâmân, Turkic dynasty in southern Anatolia) from قرا (qarâ, “black”), or Old Turkic 𐰚𐰇𐰏𐰢𐰤 (kügmn², “Sayan Mountains”) from 𐰚𐰇𐰚 (kük, “white”).
The traditional etymology, dating as far back as Mahmud Kashgari (eleventh century), says that the second element is from Persian مانند (mânand, “like, resembling”). The thirteenth-century world historian Rashid al-Din says that it was used for those Turks who had intermarried with Persians and lost their East Asian facial features: narrow eyes, broad noses, etc. Since they now resembled Persians in appearance, despite still retaining their Turkish customs, the Persians called them “Turk-like” rather than truly “Turk”. This etymology was accepted until the twentieth century, but is now seen as unlikely.

cog

Turkmen (member of one of various Turkic ethnic groups in Central and West Asia)

Turkmens of Turkmenistan and nearby regions of Iran

(historical) Turkoman, generic term for Oghuz Turks in Central and West Asia


گمان

head

گُمان • (gomân)

fa-noun

گُمان • (gomân)

→ Azerbaijani: güman

→ Georgian: გუმანი (gumani)

→ Kazakh: күмән (kümän)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (gwmʾn' /gumān/, “doubt”), from Proto-Iranian *wimānah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian. Compare Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬋 (vīmanō, one of the Ahrimanic plagues: doubt?), Sanskrit विमनस् (vimanas, “sad, disconsolate”).

cog

assumption; supposition; opinion; conjecture; suspicion


میرآب

head

میرآب • (mir-âb)

fa-noun

میرآب • (mir-âb)

[miː.ɹɒ́ːb̥]

From میر (mir, “ruler, commander, general”) + آب (âb, “water”).


شاهراه

head

شاهراه • (šâhrâh)

→ Azerbaijani: şahrah

desc

→ Middle Armenian: շահ ռահ (šah ṙah), շահռայ (šahṙay)

→ Old Georgian: შაჰრაჲ (šahray)

desctree

→ Georgian: შარა (šara)
→ Mingrelian: შარა (šara)
→ Svan: შარა (šara)

→ Ottoman Turkish: شاهراه (şahrah)

Turkish: şahrah, şehrah

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ਾਹਰਾਹ (śāhrāh)

Shahmukhi script: شاہراہ (śāhrāh)

desc

→ Urdu: شاہراہ (śāhrāh)

→ Urdu: شاہراہ (śāhrāh)

[ʃɑːh.ˈɾɑːh]

[ʃɑːɦ.ɾɑ́ːʱ]

[ʃɑːɦ.ɾɑ́ːʱ]

[ʃɒːɦ.ɹɒ́ːʰ]

From شاه (šâh, “king”) + راه (râh, “road”).

یک کنیزک دید شه بر شاهراه
شد غلام آن کنیزک جان شاه

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 38:

On the king's highway the king espied a handmaiden: the king was enthralled by her [lit. the king's soul became her slave].

yak kanīzak dīd šah bar šāhrāh
šud ğulām-i ān kanīzak jān-i šāh


شدت

[ʃɪd̪.d̪ǽt̪]

[ʃɪd̪.d̪ǽt̪]

[ʃɪd̪.d̪ǽt̪]

شدت نور

به شدت


سرابستان

[sä.ɾɑː bʊs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[sä.ɾɑː bʊs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[sä.ɾɑː bʊs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

From سرا (sarâ, “house, mansion”) + بستان (bostân, “garden”).

af

اندر شهر در میان سراها باغچهها و اشجار باشد و آب از چاه دهند و در حرم سلطان سرابستانهاست که از آن نیکوتر نباشد و دولابها ساختهاند که آن بساتین را آب دهد

c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels]:

In the middle of the city, there are mansions and gardens. Water comes from wells. There are gardens attached to mansions in the king's private quarters, and nothing is better than that. Water wheels have been built to water those gardens.

andar šahr dar miyān sarā-hā u bāğči-hā u ašjār u āb az čāh dahand u dar haram-i sultān sarābustān-hā-st ki az ān nēkū-tar na-bāšad u dōlāb-hā sāxta-and ki ān basātīn rā āb dahad.


سرابستان

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: سرابستان (serâbistân)
Turkish: serabistan

[sä.ɾɑː.bɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[sä.ɾɑː.bɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[sä.ɾɑː.bɪs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

From سراب (sarâb, “mirage”) + ـستان (-estân).

چون رسیدی در این سرابستان
هم مرادی از این سرا بستان

c. 1400, Shāh Ni'matullāh-i Walī, دیوان شاه نعمتالله [Dīvān of Shāh Ni'matullāh]:

When you arrive in this world of mirages,
Take away desire, too, from this mansion.

čōn rasīdī dar īn sarābistān
ham murādē az īn sarā bistān

(poetic) world of mirages; world of vanity; world of ephemeral things


سوپاپ

head

سوپاپ • (supâp)

fa-noun

سوپاپ • (supâp)


اجاره

head

اجاره • (ejâre) (plural اجارات (ejârât))

[ʔi.d͡ʒɑː.ˈɾa]

[ʔɪ.d͡ʒɑː.ɾǽ]

[ʔɪ.d͡ʒɑː.ɾǽ]

[ʔɪ.d͡ʒɑː.ɾǽ]

[ʔi.d͡ʒɔː.ɾǽ]

[ʔe.d͡ʒɒː.ɹé]

[ʔi.d͡ʒɔ.ɾǽ]


یاغی

یاغی • (yâği)

fa-noun

یاغی • (yâği)

Borrowed from Turkic, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *yagï (“enemy”). Early attestations include The Alchemy of Happiness, from the early 1100s.

در آن عهد، معهود چنان بوده که به وقت وصال یاغی بر کوه آتش افروختندی و دهل زدندی، و بدان سبب امرا واقف میگشتند و حاضر میشدند.

1310s, Rashīd al-Dīn, “History of the Nations of the Kings of China”, in جامع التواريخ [Jāmiʿ al-tawārīkh]:

In those days, the rule was that upon encountering the enemy, fires would be lit and drums beaten on top of the mountains, so that the generals would become aware thereby and make preparations.

dar ān ahd, ma'hud činān būda ki ba waqt-i wisāl-i yāğī bar kōh ātiš afrōxtandē u duhul zadandē, u bad-ān sabab umarā wāqif mē-gaštand u hāzir mē-šudand.


غوته

head

غوته • (ğute)

fa-noun

غوته • (ğute)

غوطه غوطه#Persian


غوطه

head

غوطه • (ğute)

fa-noun

غوطه • (ğute)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: ग़ोता (ġotā)

Urdu: غوطَہ (ġota)


شومینه

head

شومینه • (šomine) (plural شومینهها (šomine-hâ))

Borrowed from French cheminée. Compare Turkish şömine (“fireplace”).


تفرقه

[t̪ʰæf.ɹæ.ʁé]

Borrowed from Arabic تَفْرِقَة (tafriqa).

bor+

separation, division, dispersal (in the passive sense)

تفرقه در دنیای اسلام

disunity, division, discord (within a group)


ترجمه حال

head

ترجمه حال • (tarjome-ye hâl) (plural تراجم احوال (tarâjem-e ahvâl))

tarjome-ye hâl (romanization)
تراجم احوال (plural)

→ Azerbaijani: tərcümeyi-hal

desc

тәржемәи хәл

→ Bashkir: тәржемәи хәл (tərjeməi xəl)

→ Kyrgyz: таржымал (tarjımal)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: ترجمه حال
Turkish: tercümeihâl

desc

тәрҗемәи хәл

→ Tatar: тәрҗемәи хәл (tärcemäi xäl)

→ Turkmen: terjimehal

→ Uyghur: تەرجىمىھال (terjimihal)

→ Uzbek: tarjimai hol

[t̪ʰäɾ.d͡ʒʊ.mä.jɪ hɑːl]

[t̪ʰäɾ.d͡ʒʊ.mä.jɪ hɑːl]

[t̪ʰäɾ.d͡ʒʊ.mä.jɪ ʔɑːl]


وقایع

[væ.ʁɒː.jéʔ]

واقعه واقعه#Persian


واسطه

head

واسطه • (vâsete)

fa-noun

واسطه • (vâsete)


شستشو

head

شستشو • (šostošu)

fa-noun

شستشو • (šostošu)

[ʃʊs.t̪ʰʊ.ʃoː]

[ʃʊs.t̪ʰʊ.ʃoː]

[ʃʊs.t̪ʰʊ.ʃoː]


شستشوی مغزی

head

شستشوی مغزی • (šostošu-ye mağzi)

fa-noun

شستشوی مغزی • (šostošu-ye mağzi)

Fa-شستشوی مغزی.ogg

شستشو (šostošu, “washing”) + مغز (mağz, “brain”) (with ezafe)


واسط

head

واسط • (vâset)

fa-noun

واسط • (vâset)

a brideman, marriage-broker, match-maker


نبیگ

nebig (romanization)
nebêg (romanization)


حصیر

head

حصیر • (hasīr) (plural حصیرها (hasīr-hâ) or حُصُر (hosor))

hasīr (romanization)
حصیرها (plural)
حُصُر (plural)

Borrowed from Arabic حَصِير (ḥaṣīr, “mat”).

bor+

قبهای نیز عظیم بزرگ منقش به مینا چنان که صفت کرده آمد و در آنجا حصیرهایی مغربی انداخته و قندیلها و مسرجها جداجدا به سلسلهها آویخته است.

There is also a dome, grand and splendid and embossed with enamel as has been described, and inside, North African rush mats have been put down, and candles and lamps are hung from chains in pairs.

qubba'ē nēz azīm buzurg munaqqaš ba mīnā čunān ki sifat karda āmad u dar ānjā hasīrhāyē mağribī andāxta u qandīlhā u masrajhā judā-judā ba silsilahā āwēxta ast.


طویله

Borrowed from Arabic طَوِيلَة (ṭawīla). Sense 2 is from طُوَالَة (ṭuwāla, “stable”).


صفرا

head

صفرا • (safrâ)

fa-noun

صفرا • (safrâ)

Borrowed from Arabic صَفْرَاء (ṣafrāʔ), feminine singular of أَصْفَر (ʔaṣfar).

از قضا سرکنگبین صفرا فزود
روغن بادام خشکی مینمود
از هلیله قبض شد اطلاق رفت
آب آتش را مدد شد همچو نفت

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 52—53:

By Divine destiny, oxymel increased the bile,
and oil of almonds was producing dryness.
From [giving] myrobalan constipation resulted, relaxation ceased;
And water fed the flames, like naphtha.

az qazā sirkangabin safrā fuzūd
rōğan-i bādām xuškī mē-nimūd
az halīla qabz šud itlāq raft
āb ātaš rā madad šud hamčō naft


استعفا

head

استعفا • (este'fâ)

fa-noun

استعفا • (este'fâ)

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰe̞ʔ.fɑ́ː]

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰe̞ʔ.fɑ́ː]

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰeː.fɑ́ː]

bor+

اِسْتِعْفَاء

(dated) asking forgiveness (e.g. from God)


مدعی

[mʊd̪.d̪ä.ʔíː]

[mʊd̪.d̪ä.ʔíː]

Borrowed from Arabic مُدَّعِي (muddaʕī), the informal pronunciation of مُدَّعٍ (muddaʕin), active participle of اِدَّعَى (iddaʕā).


مدعی

[mʊd̪.d̪ä.ʔɑː]

[mʊd̪.d̪ä.ʔɑː]

[mʊd̪.d̪ɑːɑː]

Borrowed from Arabic مُدَّعَى (muddaʕā), passive participle of اِدَّعَى (iddaʕā).


پیس

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (pys /pēs/, “mottled, leprous; leper”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peyḱ-. Akin to Old Armenian պիսակ (pisak), an Iranian borrowing.


تغافل

head

تغافل • (tağâfol)

fa-noun

تغافل • (tağâfol)

[t̪ʰä.ɣɑː.fʊl]

[t̪ʰä.ɣɑː.fʊl]

[t̪ʰä.ɣɑː.fʊl]

Borrowed from Arabic تَغَافُل (taḡāful).


لامسه

head

لامسه • (lâmese)

fa-noun

لامسه • (lâmese)

Borrowed from Arabic لَامِسَة (lāmisa, “feeler”).


اقتباس

head

اقتباس • (eqtebâs)

fa-noun

اقتباس • (eqtebâs)

[ʔɪq.t̪ʰɪ.bɑ́ːs]

[ʔɪq.t̪ʰɪ.bɑ́ːs]

[ʔɪq.t̪ʰɪ.bɑ́ːs]

Borrowed from Arabic اِقْتِبَاس (iqtibās).

bor+

adaptation (of a literary work, a work of fiction)


محافظت

→ Urdu: محافظت (muhāfazat)

Borrowed from Arabic مُحَافَظَة (muḥāfaẓa). Doublet of محافظه (mohâfezat).

اقدامات محافظت از حیوانات پیشرفتهتر در اروپا

Europe's more advanced animal conservation measures

eqdâmât-e mohâfezat az heyvânât-e pišrafte-tar dar orupâ


سابقه

head

سابقه • (sâbeqe)

fa-noun

سابقه • (sâbeqe)

امجد امینی، پدر مهسا امینی دختر ۲۲ سالهای که جان باختن او به اعتراضات گسترده در ایران دامن زده،در مصاحبهای اختصاصی با بیبیسی فارسی گزارش اولیه پزشکی قانونی و هر گونه سابقه بیماری دخترش را رد کرده و آنها را «دروغ» خوانده است.

2022 September 21, “اختصاصی بیبیسی فارسی؛ پدر مهسا امینی گزارش پزشک قانونی و سابقه بیماری را «دروغ» خواند”, in bbc.com/persian, BBC Persian:

Ahmad Amini, father of Mahsa Amini, the 22-year-old girl whose death aggravated widespread protests in Iran, has rejected and referred to as "lies" the preliminary medico-legal report and [reports of] any sort of history of illness on the part of his daughter, in an exclusive interview with BBC Persian.

ahmad amini, pedar-e mahsâ amini doxtar-e 22 sâle'i ke jân bâxtan-e u be e'terâzât-e gostarde dar irân dâman zade, dar mosâhebe'i extesâsi bâ bi-bi-si fârsi gozâreš-e avvaliye-ye pezeški-ye qânuni va har gune-ye sâbeqe-ye bimâri-ye doxtar-aš râ radd karde va ânhâ râ "doruğ" xânde ast.


آز

لیک صیقل کردهاند آن سینهها
پاک از آز و حرص و بخل و کینهها

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3484:

But they have burnished their breasts
(and made them) pure from greed and cupidity and avarice and hatreds.

lêk sayqal karda-and ân sina-hâ
pâk az âz u hirs u buxl u kina-hâ


ایرمان

head

ایرمان • (êrmân)

fa-noun

ایرمان • (êrmân)

[ʔeːɾ.ˈmɑːn]

[ʔeːɾ.mɑ́ːn]

[ʔeːɾ.mɑ́ːn]

[ʔeːɾ.mɑ́ːn]

[ʔeːɾ.mɔ́ːn]

[ʔiːɹ.mɒ́ːn]

Inherited from Middle Persian ʾylmʾn' (ērmān), derived from Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬇𐬨𐬁 (aⁱriiə̄mā, “fellow tribesman; name of a divinity”), from Proto-Iranian *aryamā́, ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *aryamā́ (“fellow, companion; member of one's own tribe/clan; name of a deity”).


سیاه‌پوش

head

سیاهپوش • (siyâh-puš) (plural سیاهپوشان (siyâh-pušân))

سیاهپوش (canonical)
siyâh-puš (romanization)
سیاهپوشان (plural)

From سیاه (siyâh, “black”) + پوش (puš, present stem of پوشیدن (pušidan, “to wear”)).

af

present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">پوشیدن</i> (pušidan, “to wear”)

(historical) follower of sixteenth-century anti-Safavid rebellions in the northern province of Astarabad, who dressed in black

(historical) member of the Siah-posh Kafirs (a certain clans of pre-Islamic Nuristani society)


حوصله

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: हौसला (hauslā, hausalā)

Urdu: حَوصَلَہ (hauslā, hausalā)

→ Punjabi: hauṉslā

Gurmukhi script: ਹੌਂਸਲਾ

Shahmukhi script: حونصلہ

Borrowed from Arabic حَوْصَلة (ḥawṣala, “gizzard of a bird”), used figuratively.

bor+

داره حوصلهام سر میره. (colloquial Iranian)

حوصلهٔ این کار ندارد.

scope (of the mind); range (of comprehension)


خریدار

head

خریدار • (xaridâr)

fa-noun

خریدار • (xaridâr)

→ Bengali: খরিদ্দার (khoriddar)

→ Chagatai: خریدار

Uyghur: خېرىدار (xëridar)

Uzbek: xaridor

→ Kyrgyz: кардар (kardar)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: ख़रीदार (xarīdār)

Urdu: خریدار (xarīdār)

→ Pashto: خريدار (xarīdār)

[xä.ɾiː.d̪ɑːɾ]

[xä.ɾiː.d̪ɑːɾ]

[xä.ɾiː.d̪ɑːɾ]

[xæ.ɹiː.d̪ɒːɹ]

[χä.ɾi.d̪ɔɾ]

خرید (xarid, past stem of خریدن (xaridan)) + ـار (-âr).

af

past stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">خریدن</i> (xaridan)

Coordinate term: فروشنده (forušande, “seller”)

اول آن کس که خریدار شدش من بودم
باعث گرمی بازار شدش من بودم

c. 1580, Vahshī Bāfqī, “شرح پریشانی”, in گزیده اشعار [Selected Poems]:

The first to become the customer for her [love] was me
The source of the briskness in the market for her [love] was me.

awwal ân kas ki xarîdâr šud-aš man bûdam
bâ'is-i garmî-yi bâzâr šud-aš man bûdam

این کالا خریدار دارد.


خفتان

head

خفتان • (xaftân)

fa-noun

خفتان • (xaftân)

→ Malay: kaftan

Indonesian: kaftan

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: قفتان
Turkish: kaftan
→ Armenian: խաֆթան (xaftʻan)
→ Macedonian: кафтан (kaftan)
→ Romanian: caftan
→ Russian: кафта́н (kaftán)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: ка̀фтан
Latin script: kàftan

[χäf.t̪ʰɔ́n]


فنا

head

فنا • (fanâ)

fa-noun

فنا • (fanâ)

→ Gujarati: ફના (phanā)

annihilation, evanescence, extinction, perishment

(Sufism) annihilation of the individual by being absorbed into God


گیس بافته

head

گیسِ بافته • (gis-e bâfte)

fa-noun

گیسِ بافته • (gis-e bâfte)

گیسِ بافته (canonical)
gis-e bâfte (romanization)

From گیس (gis, “hair, locks”) + بافته (bâfte, “weave; braid”).


مداد لب

head

مِدادِ لَب • (medâd-e lab)

fa-noun

مِدادِ لَب • (medâd-e lab)

مِدادِ لَب (canonical)
medâd-e lab (romanization)

From مداد (medâd, “pencil”) + لب (lab, “lip”).


افسونگر

افسونگَر (canonical)
afsungar (romanization)

[ʔäf.soːŋ.ɡäɾ]

[ʔäf.soːŋ.ɡäɾ]

[ʔäf.soːŋ.ɡäɾ]

[ʔäf.sʊːŋ.ɡäɾ]

[ʔæf.suːɲ.ɡʲæɹ]

[ʔäf.sɵŋ.ɡäɾ]

From افسُون (afsun, “charm, incantation”) + ـگَر (-gar, “-er”). .


خواهری

head

خواهَرِی • (xâhari)

fa-noun

خواهَرِی • (xâhari)

خواهَرِی (canonical)
xâhari (romanization)

[xɑː.ɦä.ɾiː]

[xɑː.ɦä.ɾiː]

[xɒː.ɦæ.ɹiː]


دردسر

دَردِسَر (canonical)
dardesar (romanization)

[d̪äɾ.d̪ɪ.säɾ]

[d̪äɾ.d̪ɪ.säɾ]

[d̪äɾ.d̪ɪ.säɾ]

درد (dard, “pain”) + سر (sar, “head”), with intervening ezâfe.

رويدادي كه ايام تعطيل چند روز عيدفطر را به دردسر بيش از يك ميليون نفر، در مسافرت خانوادگي آنها مبدل كرد هشدار مهم و جدي است كه به اختصار ميتوان نكاتي را يادآوري كرد.

2014 August 3, “دردسر تعطيلات عيد!”, in irna.ir, Islamic Republic News Agency:

The phenomenon which has transformed the several days of the Eid al-Fitr holidays into a nuisance for the family trips of more than one million people is an important and serious warning, whose points can be mentioned in brief.

ruydâdi ke ayâm-e ta'til-e čand ruz-e eyd-e fetr râ be dardesar-e biš az yek miliyon nafar, dar mosâferat-e xânevâdegi-ye ânhâ mobaddal kard hošdâr-e mohemm va jeddi ast ke be extesâr mi-tavân nokâti râ yâd-âvari kard.

سردرد سردرد#Persian


حیرت

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: हैरत (hairat)

Urdu: حیرت (hairat)

→ Ottoman Turkish: حیرت

Turkish: hayret

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਹੈਰਤ (hairat)

Shahmukhi script: حیرت (hairat)


قبله

head

قِبْلِه • (ğeble)

fa-noun

قِبْلِه • (ğeble)

قِبْلِه (canonical)
ğeble (romanization)

→ Gujarati: કિબ્લા (kiblā)

→ Urdu: قِبْلَہ (qibla)


تسلیحات

head

تَسْلیحات • (taslihât)

fa-noun

تَسْلیحات • (taslihât)

تَسْلیحات (canonical)
taslihât (romanization)

Borrowed from Arabic تَسْلِيحَات (taslīḥāt).


یل

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (yl /yal/, “hero”), of unclear further etymology. Initial ya- cannot be directly inherited from Proto-Iranian. It is possibly a borrowing from Alanic or some other Northeastern Iranian descendant of Proto-Iranian *Áryah (“Aryan, Iranian”), whence also ایران (irân, “Iran”). Compare Proto-Sarmatian *Allān (“of the Aryans”, genitive plural).

cog

مهان نامی از هر شهر و کشور
یلان جنگی از هر مرز و گوهر

c. 1030, Fakhr al-Dīn Asʿad Gurgānī, ويس و رامين [Vīs u Rāmīn]:

Renowned nobles from every city and kingdom,
Warlike heroes from every borderland and bloodline.

mihān-i nāmī az har šahr u kišwar
yalān-i jangī az har marz u gawhar


انتقام‌گرایی

head

انتقامگرایی • (enteqâm-garâyi)

fa-noun

انتقامگرایی • (enteqâm-garâyi)

انتقامگرایی (canonical)
enteqâm-garâyi (romanization)


ارزانی

head

ارزانی • (arzâni)


استنجا

استنجا • (estenjâ)

fa-noun

استنجا • (estenjâ)

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪn.d͡ʒɑ́ː]

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪn.d͡ʒɑ́ː]

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪn.d͡ʒɑ́ː]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

استنجاء استنجاء#Persian

unhamzated form of استنجاء (“abstinence, exception, isolation”)


الزام

head

الزام • (elzâm)

→ Bengali: এলজাম (elojam)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: الزام (ilzam)
Turkish: ilzam

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: इलज़ाम (ilzām), इल्ज़ाम (ilzām)

Urdu: الزام (ilzām)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਇਲਜ਼ਾਮ (ilzām)

Shahmukhi script: الزام (ilzām)


آلوچه

head

آلوچه • (âluče)

fa-noun

آلوچه • (âluče)

desctree

→ Azerbaijani: alça
→ Russian: алыча́ (alyčá)
→ Estonian: alõtša
→ Polish: ałycza

→ Georgian: ალუჩა (aluča)

→ Gujarati: આલુચા (ālucā)

→ Khalaj: âluça

→? Middle Armenian: ալոճ (aloč), ալուճ (aluč), ալօճ (alōč)
Armenian: ալոճ (aloč), ալոջ (aloǰ), ալուճ (aluč)

→ Northern Kurdish: alûçe

→? Ottoman Turkish: آلوج (aluç)

Turkish: alıç

desc

→ Urdu: آلُوچَہ (ālūca)

→ Urdu: آلُوچَہ (ālūca)

[ʔɑː.luː.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[ʔɑː.luː.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[ʔɑː.luː.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[ʔɔː.lu.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[ʔɒː.luː.t͡ʃʰé]

Etymology tree
Classical Persian آلُو (ālū)
Classical Persian ـچَه (-ča)
Persian آلوچه
From آلو (âlu, “plum”) + ـچه (-če, diminutive suffix).


بازاری

head

بازاری • (bâzâri) (plural بازاریها (bâzâri-hâ) or بازاریان (bâzâriân))

bâzâri (romanization)
بازاریها (plural)
بازاریان (plural)

[bɑː.zɑː.ˈɾiː]

[bɑː.zɑː.ɾíː]

[bɑː.zɑː.ɾíː]

[bɑː.zɑː.ɾíː]

[bɔː.zɔː.ɾí]

[bɒː.zɒː.ɹíː]

bazaar shopkeeper, person who owns a stall or shop in the bazaar; bazaari


بابت

بابت • (bâbat)

fa-noun

بابت • (bâbat)

Borrowed from Arabic بابة (bāba, “class, category”).

bor+

این شهر از بابت معماری اسلامی مجلل خود شهرت دارد.

This city is renowned on account of its splendid Islamic architecture.

in šahr az bâbat-e me'mâri-ye eslâmi-ye mojallal-e xod šohrat dârad.


ورزش بازی

head

ورزش بازی • (varzeš bâzi)


مشاورت

مشاورت • (mošâverat)

fa-noun

مشاورت • (mošâverat)

[mʊ.ʃɑː.wä.ɾǽt̪]

[mʊ.ʃɑː.wä.ɾǽt̪]

[mʊ.ʃɑː.wä.ɾǽt̪]

Borrowed from Arabic مُشَاوَرَة (mušāwara).


امانت

head

امانت • (amânat)

fa-noun

امانت • (amânat)

→ Bengali: আমানত (amanot)

→ Classical Malay: امانت

Malay: amanat

Indonesian: amanat

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अमानत (amānat)

Urdu: امانت (amānat)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅਮਾਨਤ (amānat)

Shahmukhi script: امانت (amānat)

→ Sindhi: امانت

Etymology tree
Arabic أَمُنَ (ʔamuna)
Arabic أَمَانَة (ʔamāna)bor.
Persian امانتBorrowed from Arabic أَمَانَة (ʔamāna), from أَمُنَ (ʔamuna).


چراگاه

head

چراگاه • (čarâgâh)

[t͡ʃa.ɾɑː.ˈɡɑːh]

[t͡ʃʰä.ɾɑː.ɡɑ́ːʱ]

[t͡ʃʰä.ɾɑː.ɡɑ́ːʱ]

[t͡ʃʰä.ɾɑː.ɡɑ́ː]

[t͡ʃʰä.ɾɔː.ɡɔ́ː]

[t͡ʃʰæ.ɹɒː.ɡɒ́ːʰ]

[t͡ʃʰä.ɾɔ.ɡɔ́ʱ]

af

چرا (čarâ) + گاه (gâh)


بانس

head

بانس • (bāns／bâns)

fa-noun

بانس • (bāns／bâns)

Borrowed from Hindustani بان٘س (bā̃s) / बाँस (bā̃s).


انحطاط

head

انحطاط • (enhetât)

fa-noun

انحطاط • (enhetât)

[ʔɪn.hɪ.t̪ʰɑ́ːt̪]

[ʔɪn.hɪ.t̪ʰɑ́ːt̪]

[ʔɪ.nɪ.t̪ʰɑ́ːt̪]

Borrowed from Arabic اِنْحِطَاط (inḥiṭāṭ).

bor+

انحطاط تمدن


پسند

پَسَند (canonical)
pasand (romanization)

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (psnd /passand/), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“towards”, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *práti-, from Proto-Indo-European *préti) + *sand (“to look good”, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sčand (“to look good”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱend- (“to agree, approve; to appear, seem (to agree)”)). Related to
پسندیدن (pasandidan), Sanskrit छन्द् (chand, “to appear, be pleasing”), and perhaps Ancient Greek κέκασμαι (kékasmai, “to excel”).
The further appurtenance of the Indo-European root *(s)ḱend- is uncertain:
* per Cheung, related to *ḱens- (“to announce”), whence Latin cēnseō (“to give an opinion”).
* per de Vaan, related to *(s)kand- (“to shine, glow”), whence Latin candeō (“to shine, glow”), incendō (“to set on fire”), Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra, “shining; moon”).


بدنام

head

بدنام • (badnâm)

From بد (bad, “bad”) + نام (nâm, “name”).


بد اخلاق

بد اخلاق • (bad axlâq)


کامیابی

کامیابی • (kâmyâbi)


بدنامی

بدنامی • (badnâmi)


بربادی

بربادی • (barbâdi)

[bäɾ.bɑː.d̪íː]

[bäɾ.bɑː.d̪íː]

[bäɾ.bɑː.d̪íː]

[bæɹ.bɒː.d̪íː]


بدی

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਬਦੀ (badī)

Shahmukhi script: بدی (badī)

→ Urdu: بدی (badī)
→ Ushojo: بدی (badī)


تاوان

تاوان • (tâvân) (plural تاوان ها (tâvân-hâ))

[t̪ʰɑː.wɑːn]

[t̪ʰɑː.wɑːn]

[t̪ʰɑː.wɑːn]

[t̪ʰɔː.wɔːn]

[t̪ʰɒː.vɒːn]

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (t'dw'n' /tāvān/, “compensation, obligation”).


تلطیف

[t̪ʰäl̪.t̪ʰíːf]

[t̪ʰäl̪.t̪ʰíːf]

[t̪ʰäl̪.t̪ʰíːf]

[t̪ʰäl̪.t̪ʰíf]

[t̪ʰæl̪.t̪ʰíːf]

[t̪ʰäl̪.t̪ʰíf]

awarding, rewarding; decorating (with a prize, medal, etc.)


بغاوت

head

بَغاوَت • (bağâvat)

fa-noun

بَغاوَت • (bağâvat)

بَغاوَت (canonical)
bağâvat (romanization)


بدمعاش

head

بدمعاش • (bad-ma'āš／bad-ma'âš) (plural بدمعاشان or بدمعاشها)

bad-ma'āš／bad-ma'âš (romanization)
بدمعاشان (plural)
بدمعاشها (plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: बदमाश (badmāś)

desctree

Urdu: بَدْمَعَاش (badma'āś)
→ Phalura: badmaáš

[bäd̪.mä.ʔɑːʃ]

[bäd̪.mä.ʔɑːʃ]

[bäd̪.mɔːɔːʃ]

[bæd̪.mæ.ʔɒːʃ]

From بد (bad, “bad, evil”) + معاش (ma'āš／ma'âš, “salary, living”).


متولی

Borrowed from Arabic مُتَوَلٍّ (mutawallin).


ادباء

head

ادباء • (odabâ')

ادبا ادبا#Persian


امارات

امارات • (emârât)

[ʔi.mɑː.ˈɾɑːt]

[ʔɪ.mɑː.ɾɑ́ːt̪]

[ʔɪ.mɑː.ɾɑ́ːt̪]

[ʔɪ.mɑː.ɾɑ́ːt̪]

[ʔi.mɔː.ɾɔ́ːt̪]

[ʔe.mɒː.ɹɒ́ːt̪]

Borrowed from Arabic إِمَارَات (ʔimārāt).

bor+

امارت امارت#Persian


چغل خور

head

چغل خور • (čoğol-xor)


اجزا

اجزا • (ajzâ)

fa-noun

اجزا • (ajzâ)

[ʔad͡ʒ.ˈzɑː]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.zɑ́ː]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.zɑ́ː]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.zɑ́ː]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.zɔ́ː]

[ʔæd͡ʒ.zɒ́ː]

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

اجزاء اجزاء#Persian


بنی آدم

Borrowed from Arabic بني آدم (banī ʔādam, “sons of Adam”)

bor+

پس بنی آدم مکرم کی بدی
کی به حس مشترک محرم شدی

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 67:

Then how should the sons of Adam have been honoured?
 How by means of the common sense should they have become privileged?

pas banī ādam mukarram kay budī
kay ba his-i muštarak muharram šudi


بنیان

head

بنیان • (bonyân)

fa-noun

بنیان • (bonyân)

Borrowed from Arabic بُنْيَان (bunyān), perhaps influenced by بنیاد (bonyâd, “foundation, basis”).


گرمسیر

→ Khalaj: gərmsîl

[ɡʲæɹm.siːɹ]


تذکره

head

تذکره • (tazkere) (plural تذاکر (tazâker))

[t̪ʰäz.kʰɪ.ɾǽ]

[t̪ʰäz.kʰɪ.ɾǽ]

[t̪ʰäz.kʰɪ.ɾǽ]

Borrowed from Arabic تَذْكِرَة (taḏkira).

bor+

biographical or hagiographical compendium, especially of poets


زنهار

head

زنهار • (zenhâr)

fa-noun

زنهار • (zenhâr)

→ Ottoman Turkish: زنهار (zinhâr)

Turkish: zinhar (“absolutely, exactly”)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (zynhʾl /zēnhār/), originally an imperative command of 𐭬𐭭 (MN /az/, “from, of”, modern از) + 𐭦𐭭𐭤 (ZNH /ēn/, “this”, modern این) + Proto-Iranian *hār- (“to guard; to observe”, from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to warn”)): "guard against this; beware of this", but used as a noun already in Middle Persian with the current meanings.

der

from Proto-Indo-European <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*ser-</i> (“to warn”)

security; refuge; shelter (from something unpleasant)


رؤیا

ru'yā／ro'yâ (romanization)
رؤیاها (plural)


باولی

head

باولی • (bâvli)

fa-noun

باولی • (bâvli)


دخمه

→ Azerbaijani: dəxmə

→ Ottoman Turkish: دخمه (dahme)

Turkish: dahme

→ Urdu: دخمہ (daxma)

→ Uzbek: daxma

(Zoroastrianism) dakhma, tower of silence


باشی

head

باشی • (bâši)

fa-noun

باشی • (bâši)

Borrowed from Old Anatolian Turkish باش (baş, “head”) or Azerbaijani باش (baş, “id.”). Also compare Ottoman Turkish پاشا (paşa).

bor+

(historical) Used in the titles of certain high-ranking officials in Safavid and Qajar times, with the meaning of "head of" or "royal".

چاپارچیباشی

čâpârči-bâši


زراه

head

زراه • (zerâh)

fa-noun

زراه • (zerâh)

zerâh (romanization)
زراه (singular)
zirâh (singular)
زراهها (plural)
zirâh-hấ (plural)
زراها (colloquial plural)
zirâhấ (plural)
زراه را (definite direct-object singular)
zirâh râ (definite direct-object singular)
زراه رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
zirâho (definite direct-object singular)
زراهها را (definite direct-object plural)
zirâh-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
زراها رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
zirâhấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
زراه (ezafe singular)
zirâh-e (ezafe singular)
زراههای (ezafe plural)
zirâh-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
زراهای (colloquial ezafe plural)
zirâhấ-ye (ezafe plural)
زراهی (definite relative singular)
زراهی (indefinite singular stressed)
zirâh-i (definite relative singular)
zirâh-i (indefinite singular stressed)
زراههایی (definite plural relative)
زراههایی (indefinite plural stressed)
zirâhấn-i, zirâh-hấ-i (definite plural relative)
zirâhấn-i, zirâh-hấ-i (indefinite plural stressed)
زراهایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
زراهایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
zirâhấi (definite plural relative)
zirâhấi (indefinite plural stressed)

[zɪ.ɾɑːɦ~zä.ɾɑːʱ]

[zɪ.ɾɑːɦ~zä.ɾɑːʱ]

[zɪ.ɾɑː~.zä.ɾɑː]

[ze.ɹɒːɦ~zæ.ɹɒːʱ]

Inherited from Middle Persian zlyh (zrēh), from Parthian 𐫉𐫡𐫏𐫆 (zrēh), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ráyas (“expanse, vastness; ocean”), ultimately derived from the BMAC substrate.
Cognate with Baluchi زرا (zirá), Mazanderani دریو (deryō), Central Kurdish زەریا (zerya), and Avestan 𐬰𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (zraiiah).
Doublet of دَریا (daryâ, “sea; river”), inherited from Old Persian.


بیخ

→ Urdu: بیخ (bīx)

From Proto-Iranian *waixa (“base, root”).

نوش کن جام شراب یک منی
تا بدان بیخ غم از دل برکنی

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 478”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

Drink up the one-maund goblet of wine,
To drag out grief from your heart thereby [lit. on this basis].

nōš kun jām-i šarāb-i yak manī
tā bad-ān bēx ğam az dil barkanī


عرصه

head

عرصه • ('arse) (plural عَرَصات ('arasât))

در فراخی عرصهی آن پاک جان / تنگ آمد عرصهی هفت آسمان

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 2652:

In comparison with the spaciousness of the range of that pure spirit (Adam), the expanse of the seven heavens became narrow.

dar farâxi 'arsa-yi-ân pâk jân / tang âmad 'arsa-yi haft âsmân


حق نمک

حق نمک • (haqq-e namak) (plural حقوق نمک (hoquq-e namak))

haqq-e namak (romanization)
حقوق نمک (plural)

"right of salt"; mutual rights and obligations between a host and a guest, or between a patron and a client; loyalty, fidelity


ساقی

ساقی • (sâqi)

fa-noun

ساقی • (sâqi)


فسنجان

فسنجان دوست دارم اما برادارم دوست نادارد.
fesenjân dust dâram ammâ barâdar-am dust na-dârad.
I like fesenjân but my brother does not.

a Persian dish consisting of pomegranate and chicken. Also found in Iraqi and Jewish cooking.


مسکین

head

مسکین • (meskin) (plural مسکینها (meskin-hâ) or مسکینان (meskinân) or مساکین (masâkin))

meskin (romanization)
مسکینها (plural)
مسکینان (plural)
مساکین (plural)

→ Bengali: মিসকিন (miskin)

→ Uzbek: miskin


فسنجون

فسنجان فسنجان#Persian

(colloquial-un) Spoken form of فسنجان (fesenjân).


بادمجون

بادمجون • (bâdemjun)

خواهرت بادمجون خورد.
xâhar-at bâdemjoon xord.
Your sister ate bâdemjoon.

بادمجان بادمجان#Persian

(colloquial-un) Spoken form of بادمجان (bâdemjân).


بلغاری

بلغاری • (bolğâri)

fa-noun

بلغاری • (bolğâri)


اوگار

head

اوگار • (awgār)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

چشمم اوگار شد

افگار افگار#Persian

Colloquial form of افگار (afgār, “hurt, injured”).


آتشدان

آتشدان • (âtašdân)

fa-noun

آتشدان • (âtašdân)

→ Gujarati: આતશદાન (ātaśdān)

[ʔɑː.t̪ʰäʃ.d̪ɑ́ːn]

[ʔɑː.t̪ʰäʃ.d̪ɑ́ːn]

[ʔɑː.t̪ʰäʃ.d̪ɑ́ːn]

[ʔɔː.t̪ʰäʃ.d̪ɔ́ːn]

[ʔɒː.t̪ʰæʃ.d̪ɒ́ːn]

[ʔɔ.t̪ʰäʃ.d̪ɔ́n]

From آتش (âtaš, “fire”) + ـدان (-dân, “holder, container”).

af

(Zoroastrianism) fire altar; vessel of the sacred flame


شیریخ

head

شیریخ • (šīryax)

fa-noun

شیریخ • (šīryax)


تیلفون

head

تیلفون • (têlifôn)

fa-noun

تیلفون • (têlifôn)


هوتل

head

هوتل • (hôtal)

fa-noun

هوتل • (hôtal)

Borrowed from English hotel, itself from French hôtel.
Akin to Pashto هوټَل (hoṭal) and Urdu ہوٹَل (hoṭal), possibly borrowed via one of these languages.


جهت

[d͡ʒe̞.ɦǽt̪]

[d͡ʒe̞.ɦǽt̪]


دوآب

head

دوآب • (do-âb)

fa-noun

دوآب • (do-âb)

→ Bengali: দোয়াব (dōẇab)

→ English: doab

→ Gujarati: દોઆબ (doāba)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: दोआब (doāb)

Urdu: دو آب (doāb)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਦੋਆਬ (doāba)

Shahmukhi script: دو آب (doāb)

(Indo-Persian) doab; tract of land between two rivers


چالاک

head

چالاک • (čâlâk)

fa-noun

چالاک • (čâlâk)

[t͡ʃɑː.ˈlɑːk]

[t͡ʃʰɑː.lɑ́ːk]

[t͡ʃʰɑː.lɑ́ːk]

[t͡ʃʰɑː.lɑ́ːk]

[t͡ʃʰɔː.lɔ́ːk]

[t͡ʃʰɒː.lɒ́ːkʲ]

[t͡ʃʰɔ.lɔ́k]

Related to چلیدن (čalidan, “to walk proudly, saunter”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel-.

(Dari) cunning person; quick wit; trickster


اعمال

head

اعمال • (e'mâl)

fa-noun

اعمال • (e'mâl)

[ʔe̞ʔ.mɑ́ːl]

[ʔe̞ʔ.mɑ́ːl]

[ʔeː.mɔ́ːl̥]

[ʔeʔ.mɒ́ːl̥]

اعمال زور

اعمال نفوذ

اعمال مالیات

اعمال تحریمها


اعمال

head

اعمال • (a'mâl)

[ʔɔː.mɔ́ːl̥]

[ʔæʔ.mɒ́ːl̥]


رستورانت‌ها

رستورانتها • (rastûrânt-hâ)

رستورانتها (canonical)
rastûrânt-hâ (romanization)

رستورانت رستورانت#Persian

plural of رستورانت


رستورانت

رستورانت • (rasturânt) (plural رستورانتها (rasturânt-hâ))

rasturânt (romanization)
رستورانتها (plural)

From English restaurant, from French restaurant.


راه دروازه

راه دروازه • (râhi darvâze)

fa-noun

راه دروازه • (râhi darvâze)

[rɑː.ɦɪ d̪äɾ.wɑː.zä]

[rɑː.ɦɪ d̪äɾ.wɑː.zä]


دکتور

doktur (romanization)
doktôr (romanization)

[d̪äk.t̪ʰʊːɾ]

[d̪ækʲ.t̪ʰuːɹ]


ایور

head

ایور • (êvar)

fa-noun

ایور • (êvar)


خشو

head

خشو • (xušū)

fa-noun

خشو • (xušū)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂ (“mother-in-law”). Compare Sanskrit श्वश्रू (śvaśrū).

(chiefly Dari or uncommon) mother-in-law


رکابی

head

رکابی • (rekâbi)

fa-noun

رکابی • (rekâbi)

From رکاب (rekâb) + ـی (-i). Sleeveless shirts are called such because the shoulder straps resemble stirrups.


تافتون

head

تافتون • (tâftun)

fa-noun

تافتون • (tâftun)

[t̪ʰɒːfˈt̪ʰuːn]

تافتان تافتان#Persian


الیجو

head

الیجو • (alayjū)

fa-noun

الیجو • (alayjū)

Akin to Hazaragi Persian الیحی (alayhay, “sweetheart, beautiful”).


یازنه

head

یازنه • (yâzna)

fa-noun

یازنه • (yâzna)


کلکین‌ها

کلکینها (canonical)
kelkin-hâ (romanization)

کلکین کلکین#Persian


ایورم

head

ایورم • (êvar)

fa-noun

ایورم • (êvar)


برادر شوهر

[bä.ɾɑː.d̪äɾ ʃäw.häɾ]

[bä.ɾɑː.d̪äɾ ʃäw.häɾ]

[bä.ɾɑː.d̪äɾ ʃä.wäɾ]

[bä.ɾɔː.d̪äɾ ʃä.wäɾ]

[bæ.ɹɒː.d̪æɹ ʃow.hæɹ]

[bä.ɾɔ.d̪äɾ ʃäw.häɾ]


هزارگی

[hä.zɑː.ɾä.ɡíː]

[hä.zɑː.ɾä.ɡíː]

[ʔä.zɑː.ɾä.ɡíː]

[ʔɔːz.ɾä.ɡi]

[hæ.zɒː.ɹæ.ɡʲíː]

Alternative form: آزرگی (âzaragi) (Hazaragi)

Hazaragi (a dialect of Persian spoken by the Hazaras in Hazarajat in Afghanistan as well as parts of Balochistan in Pakistan)


اپوش

head

اپوش • (apuš)

fa-proper noun

اپوش • (apuš)

From Middle Persian ʾpwš (apōš), from Avestan 𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬋𐬱𐬀 (apaōša), derived from Proto-Iranian *apauša (“unthriving”).
Earlier interpretations included Proto-Iranian *apa-uša (“burning away”), however for phonetical reasons this is impossible. Traditional folk etymology in the Dādestān ī Dēnīg interpreted it as āb (water) + ōš (destruction), "(having) the destruction of water".

Apaosha; the personification of drought and the principle enemy of the yazata of rain, Tishtrya

(astronomy, obsolete) Scorpius constellation


زیارت

Etymology tree
Arabic ز و ر (z w r)
Arabic زَارَ (zāra)
Arabic زِيَارَة (ziyāra)bor.
Persian زیارت
Borrowed from Arabic زِيَارَة (ziyāra).

etymon

مردم بسیار آنجا به زیارت روند و تقّرب جویند و به خداوند سبحانه و تعالی، و عمارات و حوضها ساختهاند آنجا.

Many people go there for pilgrimage and seek intimacy with the Lord, may He be praised and exalted, and many buildings and water basins have been built there.

mardum bisyār ānjā ba ziyārat rawand u taqqarub jūyand u ba xudāwand subhānahu wa ta'alā, u imārāt u hawz-hā sāxta-and ānjā.


کوریایی

head

کوریایی • (korîyâyî)

fa-noun

کوریایی • (korîyâyî)


کلپچه

Borrowed from Azerbaijani کلپچه and Ottoman Turkish كلبچه (kelepçe).

آنها به دنبال یوسف نکوهچی یا یوسف سهرابی بودند، برای همین با یک کلپچه (دستبند) آمده بودند.

2020 May 11, “همه بلوچستان سرای من است، شهادتنامه حبیبالله سربازی [“My Home is All of Baluchistan”: Witness Testimony of Habibollah Sarbazi]”, in Abdorrahman Boroumand Center for Human Rights in Iran:

They were looking for Yussef Nekuhchi or Yussef Sohrabi, and that was why they had come with handcuffs.


بودنه

head

بودنه • (bôdana) (plural بودنهها (bôdana-hâ))

تخم بودنه


شید

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *xšáytah (“bright, shining”).


گرودمان

head

گرودمان • (garudmân)

fa-noun

گرودمان • (garudmân)

[ɡä.ɾoːd̪.mɑ́ːn]

[ɡä.ɾoːd̪.mɑ́ːn]

[ɡä.ɾoːd̪.mɑ́ːn]

[ɡä.ɾʊːd̪.mɔ́ːn]

[ɡʲæ.ɹuːd̪.mɒ́ːn]

[ɡä.ɾɵd̪.mɔ́n]

From Middle Persian grdmʾn (garōdmān, “heaven”), from Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬋.𐬛𐬆𐬨𐬁𐬥𐬀- (garō.dəmāna-, “house of song; Paradise”).
The term was used in the Middle Persian era often as a synonym for 𐭥𐭧𐭱𐭲𐭩 (wahišt, “Paradise”), however equally in other contexts it used specifically to refer to the highest realm of Paradise.

der

𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬋.𐬛𐬆𐬨𐬁𐬥𐬀-

(historical) the highest realm of Heaven; the realm of infinite light


پالیز

head

پالیز • (pâliz)

fa-noun

پالیز • (pâliz)

Borrowed from Sogdian prδyz (/parδēz/, “fruit garden; orchard”), from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah. Doublet of پردیس (pardis) and فردوس (ferdows).

bor+

orchard; a garden where fruits are grown


قضا

head

قضا • (qazâ)

fa-noun

قضا • (qazâ)

Borrowed from Arabic قَضَاء (qaḍāʔ, “judgement, jurisdiction”).

bor+

در شریعت مر گواهی بنده را
نیست قدری وقت دعوی و قضا

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3813:

In the religious law the testimony of a slave
has no value at the time of litigation and judgement.

dar šarī'at mar guwāh-ē-i banda rā
nist qadr-ē waqt-i da'wā u qazā


مولود

head

مولود • (mowlud) (plural موالید (mavâlid))

Borrowed from Arabic مَوْلُود (mawlūd). The sense "birthday, nativity" came from a confusion with Arabic مَوْلِد (mawlid).

birthday, nativity; especially that of Muḥammad


گڈی

گڈی • (guḍī)

fa-noun

گڈی • (guḍī)


نخچیر

head

نخچیر • (naxčir)

fa-noun

نخچیر • (naxčir)

→ Urdu: نخچیر (naxcīr)

[näχ.t͡ʃʰiɾ]

Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭭𐭧𐭰𐭩𐭫 (naxčīr, “game, quarry, chase; hunting, hunt”), from Proto-Iranian *naxusčr̥ya- (“top hunting; top quarry”).
The first part naxu- ("first; top") is related to نخست (noxost, “first”), and the latter part *sčr̥ya- ("hunting; what is to be chased") is related to شکار (šekâr, “hunt, hunting”), hence the original meaning "what is to be hunted to display the outstanding skill of the hunter".
Cognate with Parthian 𐭍𐭇𐭔𐭉𐭓 (naxčīr, “game, quarry, chase”), and Sogdian ܢܓܫܝܪ (naxšīr, “wild beast; wild goat”).


توشک

head

توشک • (tôšak) (plural توشکها (tôšak-hâ))

Borrowed from Turkic. Compare Turkish döşek.


تاجک

تاجک • (tâjek) (plural تاجیکها or تاجیکان)

tâjek (romanization)
تاجیکها (plural)
تاجیکان (plural)
تاجک (singular)
Tâjik (singular)
تاجکها (plural)
Tâjik-hấ (plural)
تاجکا (colloquial plural)
Tâjikấ (plural)
تاجک را (definite direct-object singular)
Tâjik râ (definite direct-object singular)
تاجک رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
Tâjiko (definite direct-object singular)
تاجکها را (definite direct-object plural)
Tâjik-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
تاجکا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
Tâjikấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
تاجک (ezafe singular)
Tâjik-e (ezafe singular)
تاجکهای (ezafe plural)
Tâjik-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
تاجکای (colloquial ezafe plural)
Tâjikấ-ye (ezafe plural)
تاجکی (definite relative singular)
تاجکی (indefinite singular stressed)
Tâjik-i (definite relative singular)
Tâjik-i (indefinite singular stressed)
تاجکهایی (definite plural relative)
تاجکهایی (indefinite plural stressed)
Tâjikấn-i, Tâjik-hấ-i (definite plural relative)
Tâjikấn-i, Tâjik-hấ-i (indefinite plural stressed)
تاجکایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
تاجکایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
Tâjikấi (definite plural relative)
Tâjikấi (indefinite plural stressed)
تاجکم (first-person predicative singular)
tâjekam (first-person predicative singular)
تاجکیم (first-person plural predicative)
tâjekim (first-person plural predicative)
تاجکی (predicative second-person singular)
tâjeki (predicative second-person singular)
تاجکید (plural predicative second-person)
tâjekid (plural predicative second-person)
تاجکین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
tâjekin (plural predicative second-person)
تاجک است (predicative singular third-person)
tâjek ast (predicative singular third-person)
تاجکه (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
tâjeke (predicative singular third-person)
تاجکند (plural predicative third-person)
tâjekand (plural predicative third-person)
تاجکن (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
tâjekan (plural predicative third-person)

[t̪ʰɑː.d͡ʒɪk]


مومیاکاری

مومیاکاری • (mumiyâkâri)

fa-noun

مومیاکاری • (mumiyâkâri)


کنترات

head

کنترات • (kontrât)

fa-noun

کنترات • (kontrât)


پادوسپان

head

پادوسپان • (pâduspân) (plural پادوسپانان (pâduspânân))

pâduspân (romanization)
پادوسپانان (plural)

Shapur I's inscription at the Ka'ba-ye Zartosht

[pʰɔː.d̪ʊːs.pʰɔ́ːn]

Akin to Parthian 𐭐𐭕𐭉𐭊𐭅𐭎𐭐𐭍 (ptykwspn /pāδgōspān/) in the ŠKZ inscription. The Middle Persian counterpart is damaged in the inscription, but has been reconstructed as *𐭯𐭠𐭲𐭪𐭥𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭭 (pʾtkwspʾn /pāygōsbān/), from [Book Pahlavi needed] (pʾtkws /pāygōs/, “district, province”) + [Book Pahlavi needed] (-pʾn' /-bān/, “-keeper, -guard”). Old Armenian պատգոսապան (patgosapan), պատգոս (patgos) and Arabic فَاذُوسْبَان (fāḏūsbān) are borrowed from Iranian.

cog

فَاذُوسْبَان

Arabic فَاذُوسْبَان (fāḏūsbān)

(history) padhuspan, a Sasanian office below spahbed

(historical) a male given name, Paduspan, Padhuspan


کنترباس

head

کنترباس • (kontrbâs)

fa-noun

کنترباس • (kontrbâs)


ماشو

head

ماشو • (māšū)

fa-noun

ماشو • (māšū)

ماشاو ماشاو#Persian


مقدونی

Borrowed from Arabic مَقْدُونِيّ (maqdūniyy).


آبه

Ultimately derived from Common Turkic *apa (“mother, elder sister, aunt”).

der+

All family names ending in a vowel may have an epenthetic ـی added

but the latter is more common in Afghanistan


ناکامی

head

ناکامی • (nâkâmi)

fa-noun

ناکامی • (nâkâmi)

[nɑː.kʰɑː.míː]

[nɑː.kʰɑː.míː]

[nɑː.kʰɑː.míː]

[nɒː.kʰɒː.míː]


نسواری

fa-adj

نسواری • (naswārī)

From نسوار (naswâr, “tobacco”), likely from Pashto نسوار (“tobacco”). Akin to Urdu نسواری (nsvārī), Ushojo نسواری.

cog

Ushojo نسواری


نیکی

Compound of نیک (nik, “good”) + ی (-i, nominalizing suffix)

compound

در شب بد رنگ بس نیکی بود
آب حیوان جفت تاریکی بود

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3691:

In the evil-coloured night there is much good:
the Water of Life is the mate of darkness.

dar šab-i bad rang bas nēkī buwad
āb-i haywan juft-i tārīkī buwad


توت زمینی

head

توت زمینی • (tūt zamīnī)

fa-noun

توت زمینی • (tūt zamīnī)

تُوت (tūt) + زمِینِی (zamīnī) (Classical transliteration)

af

تُوت (tūt) + زمِینِی (zamīnī)

fa:توت زمینی


پکه دستی

From پکه (paka, “fan”) + دستی (dasti, “hand”).


سرکس

Borrowed from English circus, possibly via Urdu سَرْکَس (sarkas).


پکه

Derived from Classical Persian پنکه (panka), from Hindi पंखा (paṅkhā) or Punjabi ਪੱਖਾ (pakkhā), ultimately from Sanskrit पक्ष (pakṣá)


یاری

head

یاری • (yâri)

fa-noun

یاری • (yâri)

از یاری سلیم هرچند عار داری
غیر از تو تا قیامت او را مباد یاری

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 90:

Though you are ashamed of Selim's affections,
May he have no beloved apart from you until the Resurrection!

az yārī-yi salīm harčand ār dārī
ğayr az tō tā qiyāmat ō rā mabād yārē

(rare) wife of a woman's brother, or another wife of one's husband (who would traditionally have shared the same house)


سندویچ

head

سندویچ • (sandwîč)

fa-noun

سندویچ • (sandwîč)


اضافت

head

اضافت • (izāfat)

fa-noun

اضافت • (izāfat)

اضافه اضافه#Persian


زلزله‌شناس

زلزلهشناس (canonical)
zelzele-šenâs (romanization)


تینس

head

تینس • (tēnas)

fa-noun

تینس • (tēnas)

Borrowed from Urdu ٹینس (ṭenis), from English tennis.


بیوه

head

بیوه • (bive) (plural بیوهها (bive-hâ) or بیوگان (bivegân))

bive (romanization)
بیوهها (plural)
بیوگان (plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: बेवा (bevā)

Urdu: بیوه (bevā)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wdpk' /wēwag/, “widow”), from Proto-Iranian *HwidáwaH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwidʰáwaH, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁widʰéwh₂, a derivative of the root *h₁weydʰh₁- (“to separate”).
Cognates include Baluchi گیوَگ (Gēwag, widow), Northern Kurdish bî, Ossetian и́дӕдз (ídæʒ) (<*widawačī-), Zazaki viyā, Sanskrit विधवा (vidhavā) and Younger Avestan 𐬬𐬌𐬜𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀 (viδauua), English widow, Old Irish fedb, Latin vidua, and Old Church Slavonic въдова (vŭdova).


مدار

head

مدار • (madâr)

fa-noun

مدار • (madâr)

مدار ماه

مدار ماهمرکزی

مدار رأسالسرطان

مدار رأسالجدی


استالین‌گرا

head

استالینگرا • (estâlin-garâ)

fa-noun

استالینگرا • (estâlin-garâ)

استالینگرا (canonical)
estâlin-garâ (romanization)

[ʔes.t̪ʰɒː.liːɲ.ɡʲæ.ɹɒ́ː]


استالین‌گرایی

head

استالینگرایی • (estâlin-garâyi)

fa-noun

استالینگرایی • (estâlin-garâyi)

استالینگرایی (canonical)
estâlin-garâyi (romanization)

[ʔes.t̪ʰɒː.liːɲ.ɡʲæ.ɹɒː.jíː]

From استالین (estâlin) + ـگرایی (-garâyi).


ناصرگرا

head

ناصرگرا • (nâser-garâ)

fa-noun

ناصرگرا • (nâser-garâ)

[nɑː.sɪɾ.ɡä.ɾɑ́ː]

[nɑː.sɪɾ.ɡä.ɾɑ́ː]

[nɑː.sɪɾ.ɡä.ɾɑ́ː]

[nɔː.siɾ.ɡä.ɾɔ́ː]

[nɒː.seɹ.ɡʲæ.ɹɒ́ː]


ناصرگرایی

head

ناصرگرایی • (nâser-garâyi)

fa-noun

ناصرگرایی • (nâser-garâyi)

[nɑː.sɪɾ.ɡä.ɾɑː.jíː]

[nɑː.sɪɾ.ɡä.ɾɑː.jíː]

[nɑː.sɪɾ.ɡä.ɾɑː.jíː]

[nɒː.seɹ.ɡʲæ.ɹɒː.jíː]


بعث‌گرا

بعثگرا (canonical)
ba's-garâ (romanization)

[bäʔs.ɡä.ɾɑ́ː]

[bäʔs.ɡä.ɾɑ́ː]

[bɑːs.ɡä.ɾɑ́ː]

[bɔːs.ɡä.ɾɔ́ː]

[bæʔs.ɡʲæ.ɹɒ́ː]

[bäʔs.ɡä.ɾɔ́]


قطب‌گرایی

قطبگرایی (canonical)
qotb-garâyi (romanization)

[qʊt̪b.ɡä.ɾɑː.jíː]

[qʊt̪b.ɡä.ɾɑː.jíː]

[qʊt̪b.ɡä.ɾɑː.jíː]


قطب‌گرا

قطبگرا (canonical)
qotb-garâ (romanization)

[qʊt̪b.ɡä.ɾɑ́ː]

[qʊt̪b.ɡä.ɾɑ́ː]

[qʊt̪b.ɡä.ɾɑ́ː]

[qot̪b.ɡʲæ.ɹɒ́ː]


بعث‌گرایی

بعثگرایی (canonical)
ba's-garâyi (romanization)

[bäʔs.ɡä.ɾɑː.jíː]

[bäʔs.ɡä.ɾɑː.jíː]

[bɑːs.ɡä.ɾɑː.jíː]

[bɔːs.ɡä.ɾɔː.jí]

[bæʔs.ɡʲæ.ɹɒː.jíː]


مائوگرا

head

مائوگرا • (mâ'u-garâ)

fa-noun

مائوگرا • (mâ'u-garâ)

[mɒː.ʔuː.ɡʲæ.ɹɒ́ː]


مائوگرایی

head

مائوگرایی • (mâ'u-garâyi)

fa-noun

مائوگرایی • (mâ'u-garâyi)

[mɒː.ʔuː.ɡʲæ.ɹɒː.jíː]


مسند

head

مسند • (masnad) (plural مسندها (masnad-hâ) or مساند (masâned))

masnad (romanization)
مسندها (plural)
مساند (plural)

مست می حسنی بسر مسند شاهی
و آگه ز سلیمی نه که جان کرد فدایت

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 132:

Drunk with wine, you are beautiful on the royal seat,
And unaware of Selim, who has sacrificed his life for you.

mast-i may hasanī ba-sar-i masnad-i šāhī
u āgah zi salīmī na ki jān kard fidāyat

something to sit or recline on, e.g. seat, bench, cushion, pillow, throne


آسایشگاه

آسایشگاه • (âsâyešgâh) (plural آسایشگاهها (âsâyešgâh-hâ))

âsâyešgâh (romanization)
آسایشگاهها (plural)

[ʔɑː.sɑːjeʃɡɑːh]

[ʔɑː.sɑːjeʃɡɑːʱ]

[ʔɑː.sɑːjeʃɡɑːʱ]

[ʔɑː.sɑːjeʃɡɑː]

[ʔɔː.säjeʃɡɔː]

[ʔɒː.sɒːjeʃɡɒːʱ]

[ʔɔ.sɔjeʃɡɔʱ]

af

آسایش (âsâyeš) + ـگاه (-gâh)

sanatorium, sanitarium, nursing home, hospice


استراحتگاه

head

استراحتگاهها

استراحتگاه • (esterâhatgâh) (plural استراحتگاهها (esterâhatgâh-hâ))

fa-noun

استراحتگاهها

esterâhatgâh (romanization)
استراحتگاهها (plural)

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪ.ɾɑː.ɦät̪.ɡɑːʱ]

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪ.ɾɑː.ɦät̪.ɡɑːʱ]

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰɪ.ɾɑːät̪.ɡɑː]

[ʔis.t̪ʰi.ɾɔːät̪.ɡɔː]

[ʔes.t̪ʰe.ɹɒː.ɦæt̪.ɡɒːʱ]

[ʔis.t̪ʰi.ɾɔ.ɦät̪.ɡɔʱ]

resort (a relaxing environment for people on vacation)

fa:استراحتگاه


شفاخانه

head

شفاخانه • (šafâxâna) (plural یمارستانها)

šafâxâna (romanization)
یمارستانها (plural)

→ Bashkir: шифахана (şifaxana)

→ Tatar: шифаханә (şifaxanä)

desc

→ Urdu: شِفا خانَہ (śifā xāna)

→ Urdu: شِفا خانَہ (śifā xāna)

→ Uyghur: شىپاخانا (shipaxana)

→ Uzbek: shifoxona

From شفا (šafâ, “healing”) + ـخانه (xâna, “house of”).


یارب

Borrowed from Arabic يَا رَبِّ (yā rabbi).


آکوستیک

head

آکوستیک • (âkustik)

fa-noun

آکوستیک • (âkustik)

[ʔɒː.kʰuːs.t̪ʰíːkʲ]

Borrowed from French acoustique or English acoustic.


تعلیق

[t̪ʰäʔ.líːq]

[t̪ʰäʔ.líːq]

[t̪ʰɑː.líːq]

[t̪ʰæʔ.líːɢ̥]

[t̪ʰæʔ.líːɢ̥]

[t̪ʰæː.líːɢ̥]

تعلیق انتشار


آواره

head

آواره • (âvâre)

fa-noun

آواره • (âvâre)

→ Azerbaijani: avara

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: आवारा (āvārā)

Urdu: آوارَہ (āvāra)

→ Ottoman Turkish: آوارہ

desc

Turkish: (standard) avare, (regional) avara

→ Laz: ავარა (avara)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅਵਾਰਾ (avārā)

Shahmukhi script: آوارہ (avārā)

→ Talysh: avərə, ovərə

→ Uzbek: ovora

[ʔɑː.wɑː.ˈɾa]

[ʔɑː.wɑː.ɾǽ]

[ʔɑː.wɑː.ɾǽ]

[ʔɑː.wɑː.ɾǽ]

[ʔɔː.wɔː.ɾǽ]

[ʔɒː.vɒː.ɹé]


قلاده

head

قلاده • (qelâde)

fa-noun

قلاده • (qelâde)

Borrowed from Arabic قِلَادَة (qilāda, “pendant, necklace”).

bor+

۶۰۰۰ قلاده پاندا ― 6000 qelâde pândâ ― 6,000 pandas


تمرکز

[t̪ʰä.mäɾ.kʰʊ́z]

[t̪ʰä.mäɾ.kʰʊ́z]

[t̪ʰä.mäɾ.kʰʊ́z]

Borrowed from Arabic تَمَرْكُز (tamarkuz).

تمرکز ادارات دولتی در تهران

concentration of government offices in Tehran

centralization, concentration (being centered in one place)

روشهای افزایش تمرکز

تمرکز ما ایران است.


باجناق

head

باجناق • (bâjenâq) (plural باجناقها (bâjenâq-hâ))

bâjenâq (romanization)
باجناقها (plural)

[bɑː.d͡ʒä.nɑ́ːq]

[bɑː.d͡ʒä.nɑ́ːq]

[bɑː.d͡ʒä.nɑ́ːq]

[bɔː.d͡ʒä.nɔ́ːq]

[bɒː.d͡ʒæ.nɒ́ːɢ̥]

Borrowed from Azerbaijani bacanaq, compare Turkish bacanak. Synonym of همریش (ham-riš, “co-brother-in-law, literally “having the same beard””)

co-brother-in-law, the husband of one’s wife’s sister


مارکسیست

مارکسیست • (mârksist)

fa-noun

مارکسیست • (mârksist)


معتزله

Borrowed from Arabic الْمُعْتَزِلَة (al-muʕtazila, “the Mu'tazila”).

bor+

الْمُعْتَزِلَة


سبوکش

head

سبوکش • (sabukeš) (plural سبوکشان (sabukešân))

سبو (sabu, “ewer, pitcher”) + کش (keš, present stem of کشیدن (kešidan, “to draw, to quaff”)).

af

present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">کشیدن</i> (kešidan, “to draw, to quaff”)


ایران‌شناس

head

ایرانشناس • (irân-šenâs)

fa-noun

ایرانشناس • (irân-šenâs)

ایرانشناس (canonical)
irân-šenâs (romanization)

[ʔeː.ɾɑːn.ʃɪ.nɑ́ːs]

[ʔeː.ɾɑːn.ʃɪ.nɑ́ːs]

[ʔeː.ɾɑːn.ʃɪ.nɑ́ːs]

From ایران (irân, “Iran”) + شناس (-šenâs).


مردم‌ستیزی

مردمستیزی (canonical)
mardom-setizi (romanization)

fa:مردم‌ستیزی


زیرگروه‌ها

زیرگروهها (canonical)
zirgoruh-hâ (romanization)

زیرگروه زیرگروه#Persian


زیرگروه

head

زیرگروه • (zirgoruh) (plural زیرگروهها (zirgoruh-hâ) or زیرگروهان (zirgoruhân))

zirgoruh (romanization)
زیرگروهها (plural)
زیرگروهان (plural)

[zeːɾ.ɡʊ.ɾóːʱ]

[zeːɾ.ɡʊ.ɾóːʱ]

[zeːɾ.ɡʊ.ɾóː]

[zeːɾ.ɡu.ɾʊ́ː]

[ziːɹ.ɡo.ɹúːʰ]

From زیرـ (zir-, “sub-, underneath”) + گروه (goruh, “group”).

af

subgroup (a group within a larger group)


اوطاق

head

اوطاق • (otâq)

fa-noun

اوطاق • (otâq)

اتاق اتاق#Persian


قبله زرتشت

head

قِبلهٔ زَرتُشت

fa-noun

قِبلهٔ زَرتُشت

قِبلهٔ زَرتُشت (canonical)
qeble-ye zartošt (romanization)

(figurative, poetic, archaic) fire, the “qibla of Zoroaster”


חק

כה נאם חק בסי כֿאץ ועזיזסת
 המי דאנד כסי כו בא תמיזסת

1600s, Elisha ben Shmūel, translated by Dalia Yasharpour, The Prince and the Sufi: The Judeo-Persian Rendition of the Buddha Biographies, Brill, published November 9, 2020:

For God's name is unique and precious,
As anyone who is discerning knows well.

ke nâm-e haqq basi xâss o aziz ast
hami dânad kasi k-u bâ tamiz ast


شیعیان

head

شیعیان • (ši'iyân)

شیعی شیعی#Persian


اباضیان

اباضیان • (ebâziyân)

اباضی اباضی#Persian


معیار

معیار • (me'yâr) (plural معیارها (me'yâr-hâ))

[me̞ʔ.jɑ́ːɾ]

[me̞ʔ.jɑ́ːɾ]


نقشبندی

[næʁʃ.bæn̪.d̪íː]

From نقشبند (naqšband, “[Baha' al-Din] Naqshband”) + ـی (-i).


نقشبند

[næʁʃ.bǽn̪d̪̥]


اباضی

head

اباضی • (ebâzi) (plural اباضیان (ebâziyân))

[ʔɪ.bɑː.zíː]

[ʔɪ.bɑː.zíː]

[ʔɪ.bɑː.zíː]

Borrowed from Arabic إِبَاضِيّ (ʔibāḍiyy). By surface analysis, اباض (ebâz) + ـی (-i).


موسیقار

head

موسیقار • (musiqâr)

fa-noun

موسیقار • (musiqâr)

Borrowed from Arabic مُوسِيقَار (mūsīqār, “musician”), from Classical Syriac ܡܘܣܝܩܪܐ (mūsīqārā, “musician”), from Ancient Greek μουσικός (mousikós, “musician”).

der

من بیچاره از غمش شب و روز
در فغانم چو مرغ موسیقار

c. 1911, Mohammad Hossein Âğuli Torki-ye Shirâzi, دیوان ترکی شیرازی:

Day and night, I am helpless out of love-grief for him/her;
In my crying, I am like the musiqâr bird.

man bičâre az ğam-aš šab o ruz
dar fağân-am ču morğ-e musiqâr

a fictitious bird that is said to sing beautifully


فرشگرد

[fä.ɾäʃ.ɡɪ́ɹd̪]

[fɪ.ɾäʃ.ɡɪ́ɹd̪]

[fä.ɾäʃ.ɡɪ́ɹd̪]

[fɪ.ɾäʃ.ɡɪ́ɹd̪]

[fä.ɾäʃ.ɡɪ́ɹd̪]

[fɪ.ɾäʃ.ɡɪ́ɹd̪]

[fä.ɾäʃ.ɡíɹd̪̥]

[fi.ɾäʃ.ɡíɹd̪̥]

[fæ.ɹæʃ.ɡʲéɹd̪̥]

[fe.ɹæʃ.ɡʲéɹd̪̥]

[fä.ɾäʃ.ɡíɹd̪]

[fi.ɾäʃ.ɡíɹd̪]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (prš(y)gyrd /fraš(a)gird/, “Frashokereti; making wonderful, excellent”), from Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬱𐬋𐬐𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬌 (frašōkər^əti).

(Zoroastrianism) Frashokereti, the final renovation of the world, wherein evil is destroyed, and the world is purified


مارونی

head

مارونی • (mâruni) (plural مارونیان (mâruniyân) or مارونیها (mâruni-hâ))

mâruni (romanization)
مارونیان (plural)
مارونیها (plural)

Borrowed from Arabic مَارُونِيّ (mārūniyy). By surface analysis, مارون (mârun) + ـی (-i).


خدابنده

→ Azerbaijani: Xudabəndə

→ Chagatai: خدابنده

Uyghur: خۇدابەندە (xudabende)

Uzbek: Xudobanda

→ Ottoman Turkish: خدابنده

Turkish: Hüdabende

From خدا (xodâ, “God”) + بنده (bande, “servant”), literally “servant of God”.


تخنیک

head

تخنیک • (taxnīk)

fa-noun

تخنیک • (taxnīk)

Ultimately borrowed from Russian те́хника (téxnika), possibly via Tajik техника (texnika).


کمپل

Borrowed from Hindustani کمبل / कंबल (kambal).


چپلک

Borrowed from Hindustani چپل / चप्पल (cappal). from Telugu చెప్పులు (ceppulu).


منفعت

head

منفعت • (manfa'at) (plural منافع (manâfe') or منفعتها (manfa'at-hâ))

manfa'at (romanization)
منافع (plural)
منفعتها (plural)

[mäɱ.fɑːǽt̪]

[mäɱ.fɔːǽt̪]

Borrowed from Arabic مَنْفَعَة (manfaʕa).

bor+

پسر گفت ای پدر، فواید سفر بسیار است. از نزهت خاطر و جر منافع و دیدن عجایب و شنیدن غرایب و تفرج بلدان و مجاورت خلان و تحصیل جاه و ادب و مزید مال و مکتسب و معرفت یاران و تجربت روزگاران[…]

1258, Shaykh Muṣliḥ-ud-Dīn Saʿdī of Shiraz, translated by Wheeler M. Thackston, The Gulistan (Rose Garden) of Sa’di: Bilingual English and Persian Edition with Vocabulary, Bethesda, MD: Ibex Publishers, published 2008, →ISBN, page 89:

”Father,” said the son, “the benefits of travel are many—diversion for the mind, acquisition of profit, seeing wonders, hearing strange things, seeing different countries, getting to know new people, acquiring status, increase in wealth, acquiring knowledge, making the acquaintance of new friends, and experience of the world […] ”

pisar guft ay pidar, fawāyid-i safar bisyār ast, az nuzhat-i xātir u jarr-i manāfi' u dīdan-i ajāyib u šenīdan-i ğarāyib u tafarruj-i buldān u mujāwarat-i xullān u tahsīl-i jāh u adab u mazīd-i māl u muktasab u ma'rifat-i yārān u tajrubat-i rōzgārān […]


نعیم

هر روزی بشهری و هر شب بمقامی و هر دم بتفرج گاهی از نعیم دنیا متمتع.

Every day he is in a different city, every night he is in a different assembly, and every moment he enjoys the good things of the world from a different vantage point.

har rōzē ba šahrē u har šab ba maqāmē u har dam ba tafarruj gāhē az na'īm-i dunyā mutamatti'.

bliss of Paradise; (by extension) Heaven, Paradise


سلاجقه

Borrowed from Arabic سَلَاجِقَة (salājiqa).

سلجوقی سلجوقی#Persian


ادبا

head

ادبا • (odabâ)

[ʔu.ða.ˈβɑː]

[ʔʊ.d̪ä.bɑ́ː]

[ʔʊ.d̪ä.bɑ́ː]

[ʔʊ.d̪ä.bɑ́ː]

Borrowed from Arabic أُدَبَاء (ʔudabāʔ).

ادیب ادیب#Persian


شهدا

شهدا • (šohadâ)

[ʃo̞.ɦä.d̪ɑ́ː]

[ʃo̞.ɦä.d̪ɑ́ː]

[ʃʊ.wä.d̪ɑ́ː]

[ʃo.ɦæ.d̪ɒ́ː]

[ʃu.ɦä.d̪ɔ́]

Borrowed from Arabic شُهَدَاء (šuhadāʔ).

شهید شهید#Persian


وزرا

[wʊ.zä.ɾɑ́ː]

[wʊ.zä.ɾɑ́ː]

[wʊ.zä.ɾɑ́ː]

Borrowed from Arabic وُزَرَاء (wuzarāʔ).

وزیر وزیر#Persian


رؤسا

[ɹo.ʔæ.sɒ́ː]

Borrowed from Arabic رُؤَسَاء (ruʔasāʔ).

رئیس رئیس#Persian


شرفا

شرفا • (šorafâ)

[ʃʊ.ɾä.fɑ́ː]

[ʃʊ.ɾä.fɑ́ː]

[ʃʊ.ɾä.fɑ́ː]

[ʃu.ɾä.fɔ́ː]

[ʃo.ɹæ.fɒ́ː]

Borrowed from Arabic شُرَفَاء (šurafāʔ).

شریف شریف#Persian


هور

Borrowed from Parthian 𐭄𐭅𐭀𐭓 (hwʾr /hwar/), from Proto-Iranian *húHar. Doublet of خور (xor), which was inherited.


مدرا

[mʊ.d̪ä.ɾɑ́ː]

[mʊ.d̪ä.ɾɑ́ː]

[mʊ.d̪ä.ɾɑ́ː]

Borrowed from Arabic مُدَرَاء (mudarāʔ).

مدیر مدیر#Persian


علما

[ʔʊ.lä.mɑ́ː]

[ʔʊ.lä.mɑ́ː]

[ʔʊ.lä.mɑ́ː]

علماء علماء#Persian

عالم عالم#Persian

unhamzated form of علماء (ulamā'／olamâ'), plural of عالم (ālim／âlem)


خطبه

→ Gujarati: ખુતબો (khutbo)


خطبا

[xʊ.t̪ʰä.bɑ́ː]

[xʊ.t̪ʰä.bɑ́ː]

[xʊ.t̪ʰä.bɑ́ː]

Borrowed from Arabic خُطَبَاء (ḵuṭabāʔ).

خطیب خطیب#Persian


گوشی

head

گوشی • (guši)

fa-noun

گوشی • (guši)

From گوش (guš, “ear”) + ـی (-i). Originally used to designate the handset part of a landline telephone, held in the hand and held to the ear (hence the connotation with the body part).


افاغنه

head

افاغنه • (afâğene)

[ʔä.fɑː.ɣɪ.nǽ]

[ʔä.fɑː.ɣɪ.nǽ]

[ʔä.fɑː.ɣɪ.nǽ]

From pseudo-Arabic *أَفَاغِنَة. Compare truly attested Arabic plurals such as سَلَاجِقَة (salājiqa) (whence Persian سلاجقه (salâjeqe)).

افغان افغان#Persian


برخورد

[bäɾ.xʊ́ɹd̪]

[bäɾ.xʊ́ɹd̪]

[bäɾ.xʊ́ɹd̪]

[bæɹ.xóɹd̪̥]

برخورد دو خودرو

برخورد دو ارتش بزرگ

(military) clash, confrontation, encounter


ارزه

Inherited from Middle Persian ’lz’ (Arzah), from Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬉𐬰𐬀𐬵𐬍 (Arəzahī, “east”).
The term initially was identified with the Indus region, with the expansion of knowledge during the Middle Iranian era, it came to be applied to most of South Asia.

inh+

Arzah, the eastern division of the seven realms


خطیب

[xæ.t̪ʰíːb̥]


زلال

head

زلال • (zolâl)

fa-noun

زلال • (zolâl)

چو جان فدای لبش شد خیال میبستم
که قطرهای ز زلالش به کام ما افتد

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 114”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

When I sacrificed my soul to her lips, I had the dream
That a single drop from her pure water would fall into my mouth.

čū jān fidā-yi lab-aš šud xayāl mē-bastam
ke qatra'ē zi zulāl-aš ba kām-i mā uftad


اباضیه

Borrowed from Arabic إِبَاضِيَّة (ʔibāḍiyya).

bor+

(Islam) Ibadism, the doctrines associated with Ibadis, such as the acceptance of fewer hadiths, and the addition of Jami Sahih as a canonical hadith.


مایع

head

مایع • (mâye')

fa-noun

مایع • (mâye')


جغرافیادان

head

جغرافیادان • (joğrâfiyâdân)

fa-noun

جغرافیادان • (joğrâfiyâdân)

[d͡ʒʊɣ.ɾɑː.fi.jɑː.d̪ɑːn]

[d͡ʒʊɣ.ɾɑː.fi.jɑː.d̪ɑːn]

[d͡ʒʊɣ.ɾɑː.fi.jɑː.d̪ɑːn]

af

جغرافیا (joğrâfiyâ) + ـدان (-dân)


لاک

>? Tat: lak

>? Judeo-Tat: lok

desc

→ Armenian: լաք (lakʻ, “dry measure for cereals; wooden trough”), →? լաք (lakʻ, “garden bed”)

→? Azerbaijani: lək

A contraction of لاوک (lâvak, “kneading trough”), derived with a l < n sound change from Old Iranian *nāwaka-, a diminutive of Proto-Iranian *náHuš (“boat”); doublet of ناوک (nâvak, “hopper or feeder of a mill; a small boat”) and ناوه (nâve, “kneading trough; a small boat”). Cognate with Mazanderani [script needed] (lɔk, “kneading trough”).


واگن

head

واگن • (vâgon) (plural واگنها (vâgon-hâ))


خودپرداز

خودپرداز • (xodpardâz)

fa-noun

خودپرداز • (xodpardâz)

[xʊd̪.pʰäɾ.d̪ɑ́ːz]

From خود (xod, “self”) + پرداز (pardâz, “to pay”).


نهضت

head

نَهْضَت • (nahzat)

fa-noun

نَهْضَت • (nahzat)

نَهْضَت (canonical)
nahzat (romanization)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: नहज़त (nahzat)

Urdu: نَہْضَت (nahzat)

نهضت بینالمللی صلیب سرخ و هلال احمر

International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

nahzat-e beyn-ol-melali-ye salib-e sorx va helâl-e ahmar

نهضت آزادی ایران


قطب‌نما

head

قُطْبنَما • (ğotb-namâ)

fa-noun

قُطْبنَما • (ğotb-namâ)

قُطْبنَما (canonical)
ğotb-namâ (romanization)


بریتانیایی

head

بریتانیاییها

بریتانیایی • (beritâniyâyi) (plural بریتانیاییها (beritâniyâyi-hâ))

fa-noun

بریتانیاییها

beritâniyâyi (romanization)
بریتانیاییها (plural)


دوبلاژ

head

دوبلاژ • (dublâž)

fa-noun

دوبلاژ • (dublâž)

[duːβ.ˈlɑːʒ]


آب ژاول

head

آب ژاول • (âb-e žâvel)

fa-noun

آب ژاول • (âb-e žâvel)


فرآورده

[fä.ɾɑː.wäɾ.d̪ǽ]

[fä.ɾɑː.wäɾ.d̪ǽ]

[fä.ɾɑː.wäɾ.d̪ǽ]

[fä.ɾɔː.wäɾ.d̪ǽ]

[fæ.ɹɒː.væɹ.d̪é]


گناهکار

head

گناهکار • (gonâhkâr) (plural گناهکاران (gonâhkârân))

gonâhkâr (romanization)
گناهکاران (plural)

[ɡʊ.nɑːɦ.kʰɑ́ːɾ]

[ɡʊ.nɑːɦ.kʰɑ́ːɾ]

[ɡʊ.nɑː.kʰɑ́ːɾ]

[ɡu.nɔː.kʰɔ́ːɾ]

[ɡ̥o.nɒːɦ.kʰɒ́ːɹ]

[ɡu.näɦ.kʰɔ́ɾ]

گناهکار گناهکار#Persian

Alternative form of گناهکار (gonâh-kâr, “sinner, criminal”)


تی‌شرت

تیشرت (canonical)
ti-šert (romanization)
تیشرتها (plural)

[t̪ʰiː.ʃéɹt̪]


ملامت

ملامت • (malâmat) (plural ملامتها (malâmat-hâ))

→ Dhivehi: މަލާމާތް (malāmāt̊)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: मलामत (malāmat)

Urdu: مَلَامَت (malāmat)


علامت سؤال

عَلامَتِ سُؤال

عَلامَتِ سُؤال • ('alâmat-e so'âl)

fa-noun

عَلامَتِ سُؤال

عَلامَتِ سُؤال • ('alâmat-e so'âl)

عَلامَتِ سُؤال (canonical)
'alâmat-e so'âl (romanization)


جوشن

→ Georgian: ჯავშანი (ǯavšani)

ما را جگر بتیر فراق تو خسته گشت
ای صبر بر فراق بتان نیک جوشنی

c. 950, Abū‘l-Hasan Ali Munjīk, گنج سخن, 4th edition, volume 1, Tehran: Ibn-i Sīnā, published 1961, page 50:

My heart [lit. liver] has been wounded by the arrow of separation from you;
O patience! You are a fine breastplate against separation from beauties.

mā rā jigar ba tīr-i firāq-i tu xasta gašt
ay sabr bar firāq-i butān nēk jawšan-ī


صادرات

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صادرات • (sâderât)

fa-noun

صادرات • (sâderât)

[sɑː.ði.ˈɾɑːt]

[sɑː.d̪ɪ.ɾɑ́ːt̪]

[sɑː.d̪ɪ.ɾɑ́ːt̪]

[sɑː.d̪ɪ.ɾɑ́ːt̪]

[sɔː.d̪i.ɾɔ́ːt̪]

[sɒː.d̪e.ɹɒ́ːt̪]

Borrowed from Arabic صَادِرَات (ṣādirāt, “export goods”), plural of صَادِر (ṣādir) or Persian plural of صادره (sâdere).


واردات

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واردات • (vâredât)

fa-noun

واردات • (vâredât)

[wɑː.ɾi.ˈðɑːt]

[wɑː.ɾɪ.d̪ɑ́ːt̪]

[wɑː.ɾɪ.d̪ɑ́ːt̪]

[wɑː.ɾɪ.d̪ɑ́ːt̪]

[wɔː.ɾi.d̪ɔ́ːt̪]

[vɒː.ɹe.d̪ɒ́ːt̪]

Borrowed from Arabic وَارِدَات (wāridāt, “imported goods”), plural of وَارِد (wārid) or Persian plural of وارده (vârede).


وسعت

ایران هفدهمین کشور جهان از نظر وسعت است.

Iran is the seventeenth [largest] country in the world by size.

irân hefdahomin kešvar-e jahân az nazar-e vos'at ast.


بوتیمار

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بوتیمار • (butimâr)

fa-noun

بوتیمار • (butimâr)

بو (bu, from Arabic أَبُو (ʔabū, used to form nicknames, literally “father of”)) + تیمار (timâr, “worry; sorrow”).

af

from Arabic <i class="Arab mention" lang="ar">أَبُو</i> (ʔabū, used to form nicknames, literally “father of”)


ربات

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ربات • (robât) (plural رباتها (robât-hâ))

Borrowed from English robot, from Czech robot.


گراندوک

گراندوک • (gerânduk)

fa-noun

گراندوک • (gerânduk)

[ɡʲeɹɒːn̪.d̪úːkʲ]


آرشیدوک

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آرشیدوک • (âršiduk)

fa-noun

آرشیدوک • (âršiduk)

[ʔɒːɹ.ʃiː.d̪úːkʲ]


مارکی

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مارکی • (mârki)

fa-noun

مارکی • (mârki)

[mɒːɹ.kʰʲíː]


مارکیز

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مارکیز • (mârkiz)

fa-noun

مارکیز • (mârkiz)

[mɒːɹ.kʰʲíːz]

مارکی مارکی#Persian

female equivalent of مارکی (mârki): marquise, marchioness


کنت

کنتنشین

county (land ruled by a count or countess)


پرنسس

پرَنسِس (canonical)
peranses (romanization)

پرَنس پرنس#Persian

female equivalent of پرَنس (perans): princess


آرشیدوشس

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آرشیدوشس • (âršidušes)

fa-noun

آرشیدوشس • (âršidušes)

[ʔɒːɹ.ʃiː.d̪uː.ˈʃes]

آرشیدوک آرشیدوک#Persian

female equivalent of آرشیدوک (âršiduk): archduchess


گراندوشس

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گراندوشس • (gerândušes)

fa-noun

گراندوشس • (gerândušes)

[ɡʲeɹɒːn̪.d̪uː.ˈʃes]

گراندوک گراندوک#Persian

female equivalent of گراندوک (gerânduk): grand duchess


گراتن دوفینوآ

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گراتَن دوفینوآ

گراتَن دوفینوآ • (gerâtan dofinu'â)

fa-noun

گراتَن دوفینوآ

گراتَن دوفینوآ • (gerâtan dofinu'â)

گراتَن دوفینوآ (canonical)
gerâtan dofinu'â (romanization)

[ɡʲeɹɒː.t̪ʰǽn d̪ofiː.nuː.ʔɒ́ː]


گراتن

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گراتَن • (gerâtan)

fa-noun

گراتَن • (gerâtan)

گراتَن (canonical)
gerâtan (romanization)

[ɡʲeɹɒː.t̪ʰǽn]


دوفین

دوفَن دوفن#Persian

female equivalent of دوفَن (dofan): dauphine


حامی

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حامی • (hâmi) (plural حامیها (hâmi-hâ) or حامیان (hâmiyân))

hâmi (romanization)
حامیها (plural)
حامیان (plural)

Etymology tree
Arabic حامٍ (ḥāmin)bor.
Persian حامیBorrowed from Arabic حامٍ (ḥāmin).


حامی

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حامی • (hâmi)

fa-noun

حامی • (hâmi)

Borrowed from Arabic حَامِيّ (ḥāmiyy). By surface analysis, حام (hâm) + ـی (-i).


رمزارز

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رمزارز • (ramzârz)

fa-noun

رمزارز • (ramzârz)

رمز (ramz, “cipher, code”) + ارز (ârz, “cost”).


نجباء

نجبا نجبا#Persian


نجبا

[nʊ.d͡ʒä.bɑ́ː]

[nʊ.d͡ʒä.bɑ́ː]

[nʊ.d͡ʒä.bɑ́ː]

Borrowed from Arabic نُجَبَاء (nujabāʔ).


همکلاس

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همکلاس • (hamkelâs) (plural همکلاسها (hamkelâs-hâ))

hamkelâs (romanization)
همکلاسها (plural)

From هم + کلاس.