کلمه

کلمه • (kaleme) (plural کلمهها (kaleme-hâ) or کلمات (kalemât))

kaleme (romanization)
کلمهها (plural)
کلمات (plural)
کلمه (singular)
kalamé (singular)
کلمهها (plural)
kalame-hấ (plural)
کلمها (colloquial plural)
kalameấ (plural)
کلمه را (definite direct-object singular)
kalamé râ (definite direct-object singular)
کلمه رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
kalamá ro (definite direct-object singular)
کلمهها را (definite direct-object plural)
kalame-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
کلمها رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
kalameấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
کلمهٔ (ezafe singular)
kalamé-ye (ezafe singular)
کلمههای (ezafe plural)
kalame-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
کلمهای (colloquial ezafe plural)
kalameấ-ye (ezafe plural)
کلمهای (definite relative singular)
کلمهای (indefinite singular stressed)
kalamé-i (definite relative singular)
kalamé-i (indefinite singular stressed)
کلمههایی (definite plural relative)
کلمههایی (indefinite plural stressed)
kalame-hấ-yi (definite plural relative)
kalame-hấ-yi (indefinite plural stressed)
کلمهایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
کلمهایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
kalameấ-yi (definite plural relative)
kalameấ-yi (indefinite plural stressed)
کلمهام (first-person possessive singular)
kalamé-am (first-person possessive singular)
کلمم (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
kalamám (first-person possessive singular)
کلمههایم (first-person possessive singular)
kalame-hấyam (first-person possessive singular)
کلمههام (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
kalameấm (first-person possessive singular)
کلمهات (possessive second-person singular)
kalamé-at (possessive second-person singular)
کلمت (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
kalamát (possessive second-person singular)
کلمههایت (possessive second-person singular)
kalame-hấyat (possessive second-person singular)
کلمههات (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
kalameất (possessive second-person singular)
کلمهاش (possessive singular third-person)
kalamé-aš (possessive singular third-person)
کلمش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
kalamáš (possessive singular third-person)
کلمههایش (possessive singular third-person)
kalame-hấyaš (possessive singular third-person)
کلمههاش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
kalameấš (possessive singular third-person)
کلمهمان (first-person plural possessive)
(kalamé-(y)emân) (first-person plural possessive)
کلمهمون، کلممون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
kalamámun (first-person plural possessive)
کلمههایمان (first-person plural possessive)
kalame-hấyemân (first-person plural possessive)
کلمههامون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
kalameấmun (first-person plural possessive)
کلمهتان (plural possessive second-person)
(kalamé-(y)etân) (plural possessive second-person)
کلمهتون، کلمتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
kalamátun (plural possessive second-person)
کلمههایتان (plural possessive second-person)
kalame-hấyetân (plural possessive second-person)
کلمههاتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
kalameấtun (plural possessive second-person)
کلمهشان (plural possessive third-person)
(kalamé-(y)ešân) (plural possessive third-person)
کلمهشون، کلمشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
kalamášun (plural possessive third-person)
کلمههایشان (plural possessive third-person)
kalame-hấyešân (plural possessive third-person)
کلمههاشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
kalameấšun (plural possessive third-person)


یتیم

head

یَتیم • (yatim) (plural یتیمان (yatimân))

یَتیم (canonical)
yatim (romanization)
یتیمان (plural)


اتا

atâ (romanization)
اتا (singular)
atā́ (singular)
اتای (Dari colloquial singular)
atā́y (singular)
اتاها (plural)
atā-hā́ (plural)
اتایا (Dari colloquial plural)
atāy-yā́ (plural)
اتارا (definite direct-object singular)
atā́ rā (definite direct-object singular)
اتایره (Dari colloquial definite direct-object singular)
atā́y ra (definite direct-object singular)
اتاها را (definite direct-object plural)
atā-hā́ rā (definite direct-object plural)
اتایاره (Dari colloquial definite direct-object plural)
atāy-yā́ ra (definite direct-object plural)
اتای (singular)
atā́-yi (singular)
اتاهای (plural)
atā-hā́-yi (plural)
اتایای (Dari colloquial plural)
atāy-yā́-yi (plural)
اتایی (singular)
atā́-yē (singular)
اتاهایی (plural)
atā-hā́-yē (plural)
اتایایی (Dari colloquial plural)
atāy-yā́-yē (plural)
اتایم (first-person possessive singular)
atā́yam (first-person possessive singular)
اتاهایم (first-person possessive singular)
atā-hā́yam (first-person possessive singular)
اتایام (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
atāy-yā́-am (first-person possessive singular)
اتایت (possessive second-person singular)
atā́yat (possessive second-person singular)
اتاهایت (possessive second-person singular)
atā-hā́yat (possessive second-person singular)
اتایات (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
atāy-yā́t (possessive second-person singular)
اتایش (possessive singular third-person)
atā́yaš (possessive singular third-person)
اتایْشِی (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
atā́yšī (possessive singular third-person)
اتاهایش (possessive singular third-person)
atā-hā́yaš (possessive singular third-person)
اتایاش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
atāy-yā́š (possessive singular third-person)
اتایمان (first-person plural possessive)
atā́yimān (first-person plural possessive)
اتاهایمان (first-person plural possessive)
atā-hā́yimān (first-person plural possessive)
اتایامان (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
atāy-yā́mān (first-person plural possessive)
اتایتان (plural possessive second-person)
atā́yitān (plural possessive second-person)
اتاهایتان (plural possessive second-person)
atā-hā́yitān (plural possessive second-person)
اتایاتان (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
atāy-yā́tān (plural possessive second-person)
اتایشان (plural possessive third-person)
atā́yišān (plural possessive third-person)
اتاهایشان (plural possessive third-person)
atā-hā́yišān (plural possessive third-person)
اتایاشان (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
atāy-yā́šān (plural possessive third-person)


عدل

تو ده استقامت در اقلیم عدلم
که هستم براه غمت مرد راهی

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 69:

Give me perseverance in the realm of justice,
For I am a wayfarer on the way of love-grief for you.

tu dih istiqāmat dar iqlīm-i adl-am
ki hastam ba-rāh-i ğamat mard-i rāhī


مهر

مَهْر (canonical)
mahr (romanization)
مهرها (plural)

The first sense borrowed from Arabic مَهْر (mahr, “dowry”), from the verb مَهَرَ (mahara, “to contract, to give a dowry”); see above. The remaining senses inherited from Middle Persian mtr' (mihr, “bond, contract”), from Old Persian 𐎷𐎰𐎼 (mithra), from Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬋 (miθrō, “covenant, contract, oath”), from Proto-Iranian *miθráh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mitra (“covenant, treaty, agreement, promise”). Compare Sanskrit मित्र (mitra) and the above for a possible layer of phono-semantic matching with the Semitic root regarding business contracts and reception.

der

(Islam) Mahr, dowry, bride-price or gift; a pre-negotiated gift of monetary or symbolic value which is promised to a bride by a groom upon marriage.


مهر

head

مِهْر • (mehr)

fa-noun

مِهْر • (mehr)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮਿਹਰ (mihar)

Shahmukhi script: مہر (mihr)

From Middle Persian mtr' (Mihr), from Old Persian 𐎷𐎰𐎼 (Miθra), from Avestan 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬀 (miθra, “covenant, contract, oath”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mitra (“covenant, treaty, agreement, promise”). Compare Sanskrit मित्र (mitra), Ancient Greek μεσίτης (mesítēs).


مهر

مُهْر (canonical)
mohr (romanization)
مهرها (plural)

→ Azerbaijani: möhür

→ Ossetian: мыхуыр (myx°yr)

→ Ottoman Turkish: مهر (mühr, mühür)

Turkish: mühür

→ Bulgarian: муху́р (muhúr)

→ Macedonian: мухур (muhur)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: му̏хур

Latin script: mȕhūr

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੋਹਰ (mohar)

Shahmukhi script: مہر (mohr)

→ Tatar: мөһер (möher)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mwdl), 𐫖𐫇𐫍𐫡 (mwhr /muhr/, “seal”) (compare Parthian 𐫖𐫇𐫍𐫡 (mwhr /muhr/, “seal”), and Bactrian μολρο (molro)); possibly cognate with words above, otherwise from Akkadian 𒈬𒊬 (mušarû, “object bearing a royal inscription”), from Sumerian 𒈬𒊬 (mu-sar /musar/), from 𒈬 (mu, “name, fame”) + 𒊬 (sar, “to write”); cf. the many descendants of Sumerian 𒁾 (dub, “tablet; cylinder seal”) including دیوان (divân), دف (daf), دفتر (daftar), Arabic أَدَب (ʔadab), طُوب (ṭūb), طَابَع (ṭābaʕ), ذَبْر (ḏabr, “a writing on palm-leaves, a book”), ذَبَرَ (ḏabara, “to write, to point; to read thoroughly; to understand well”).

cog

(Shia Islam) A prayer-stone, sometimes made from clay from Karbala or Mashhad, which is placed on the ground in front of the worshipper and onto which the forehead is touched during prayer; also known as a turba.


واژه‌ها

head

واژهها • (vâže-hâ)

واژهها (canonical)
vâže-hâ (romanization)

واژه واژه#Persian


کتب

[kʰʊ.t̪ʰʊ́b]

[kʰʊ.t̪ʰʊ́b]

[kʰʊ.t̪ʰʊ́b]

کتاب کتاب#Persian


چال

From Proto-Iranian *čāt- / *čāθ- (“pit, well”), from an early derived form of Proto-Indo-Iranian *kanH- (“to dig”). Cognate with Sanskrit चात्वाल (cātvāla, “a hole in the ground for constructing the Uttara-vedi, performing oblations, or for sacrificial fire”).


جنوب

وی در جنوب ایران زندگی میکند.

He/she lives in the south of Iran. (more literary)

اون توی جنوب ایران زندگی میکنه.

He/she lives in the south of Iran. (more colloquial)

سربازی نوید افتاده جنوب!

Navid's militiary service has been decided to be in southern Iran!


یاد

→ Assamese: ইয়াদ (iad)

→ Azerbaijani: yad

→ Baluchi: یات (yát)

→ Bengali: ইয়াদ (iẏad)

→ Chagatai: یاد (yād)

Uyghur: ياد (yad)

Uzbek: yod

→ Gujarati: યાદી (yādī), યાદ (yād)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: याद (yād)

Urdu: یاد (yād)

→ Kannada: ಯಾದಿ (yādi)

→ Kazakh: жад (jad)

→ Khalaj: yâd

→ Maithili: iād, iādi

Devanagari script: इआद, इआदि

Tirhuta script: 𑒃𑒂𑒠, 𑒃𑒂𑒠𑒱

→ Marathi: यादी (yādī)

→ Marwari: याद (yād)

desctree

→ Old Punjabi: ਯਾਦਿ (yādi)
Punjabi: yād
Gurmukhi script: ਯਾਦ
Shahmukhi script: یاد

→ Ottoman Turkish: یاد (yâd)

Turkish: yâd

→ Pashto: ياد (yād)

→ Sindhi: yādi

Arabic script: يادِ

Devanagari script: यादि

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/ayād/), from Proto-Iranian *Habí- + *yáH- (probably from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂- (“to go; to go in, to enter”), with Iranian semantic shift "to enter [the mind]" > "to remember"). Compare Tocharian A [Term?] (opyāc, “in remembrance”), probably borrowed from an Eastern Iranian language.

cog

گو نام ما ز یاد به عمداً چه میبری
خود آید آن که یاد نیاری ز نام ما

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 11”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

Say, why do you purposely forget my name?
The [time] shall come by itself that you do not remember my name.

gū nām-i mā zi yād ba amdan či mē-barī
xwad āyad ān ki yād nay-ārī zi nām-i mā

از یاد بردن

to forget; to cause to forget; to take away from memory

به یاد آوردن

to recall; to remind; to bring to memory

به یاد ماندن

to be remembered; to have in memory; to stay in memory

یاد داشتن

to remember; (Afghanistan) to know how to; to have in memory

یاد کردن

to mention; to reminesce; to make memory


چمچه

head

چمچه • (čamče, čomče)

fa-noun

چمچه • (čamče, čomče)

čamče (romanization)
čomče (romanization)

desc

→ Iraqi Arabic: چَمْچَة (čámča, “ladle”)

→ Armenian: չոմչա (čʻomčʻa), չամչիկ (čʻamčʻik)

→ Assamese: চামুচ (samus)

→ Baluchi: چمچہ (camca)

→ Bengali: চামচ (camoc)

→ Chagatai: چمچه (çemçe), چومچار (çumçar)

→ Doteli: चम्मच (cammac)

→ Georgian: ჩამჩა (čamča) (or via Turkic, since the 14th century)

→ Gujarati: ચમચો (camco)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: चमचा (camcā), चम्मच (cammac)

Urdu: چمچہ (camcā), چمّچ (cammac)

→ Kannada: ಚಮಚ (camaca)

→ Marathi: चमचा (camcā)

→ Marwari: सम्स्यो (samsyo)

→ Odia: ଚାମଚ (cāmaca)

→ Ottoman Turkish: چمچه (çamça, çemçe)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਚਮਚਾ (camcā)

Shahmukhi script: چمچہ (camcā)

→ Sanskrit: चमस (camasa)

→ Sylheti: ꠌꠣꠝꠌ (samoso)

→ Tamil: சம்சா (camcā)

→ Telugu: చెమ్చా (cemcā)

→ Turkmen: çemçe

→⇒ Old Armenian: չամչաշերեփ (čʻamčʻašerepʻ)

[t͡ʃʰäm.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[t͡ʃʰʊm.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[t͡ʃʰäm.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[t͡ʃʰʊm.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[t͡ʃʰäm.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[t͡ʃʰʊm.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[t͡ʃʰäm.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[t͡ʃʰum.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[t͡ʃʰæm.t͡ʃʰé]

[t͡ʃʰom.t͡ʃʰé]

[t͡ʃʰäm.t͡ʃʰǽ]

[t͡ʃʰum.t͡ʃʰǽ]

Turkic borrowing. Found in Kazakh шөміш (şömış), Kyrgyz чөмүч (cömüc), Bashkir сүмес (sümes), Uzbek choʻmich, Chagatai [script needed] (čömüš), and compare probably separate but similarly formed Uyghur [script needed] (qemič), Karakhanid [script needed] (qamɨč), Tuvan хымыш (xımış), Yakut хомуос (qomuos), Dolgan комуос, Bulgar [script needed] (xumǯa) from Proto-Turkic *kamïč, all meaning “scoop, ladle”. In Persian the stem of the former word appears suffixed + ـچه (-če, diminutive).

cog

Kazakh шөміш (şömış)

Dolgan комуос


سنبل

→ Armenian: սմբուլ (smbul)

→ English: sumbal

→ Georgian: სუმბული (sumbuli)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: सुंबुल (sumbul)

Urdu: سنبل (sumbul)

→ Kazakh: сүмбіл (sümbıl)

→ Sindhi: سنبل

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: سنبل (sümbül)
Turkish: sümbül
→ Albanian: zymbyl
→ Bulgarian: зюмбю́л (zjumbjúl)
→ Gagauz: zümbül
→ Greek: ζουμπούλι (zoumpoúli), ζιμπούλι n (zimpoúli)
Kurdish:
→ Northern Kurdish: sumbul, simbil
→ Ladino: zimbul
→ Macedonian: зумбул (zumbul)
→ Romanian: zambilă
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: зу̀мбул
Latin script: zùmbul

→ Uzbek: sumbul


رسانه‌ها

head

رسانهها • (rasâne-hâ)

رسانهها (canonical)
rasâne-hâ (romanization)

رسانه رسانه#Persian


ترجمه‌ها

ترجمهها (canonical)
tarjome-hâ (romanization)

ترجمه ترجمه#Persian


برنامه‌ها

برنامهها • (barnâme-hâ)

برنامهها (canonical)
barnâme-hâ (romanization)

برنامه برنامه#Persian


روزنامه‌ها

روزنامهها • (ruz-nâme-hâ)

روزنامهها (canonical)
ruz-nâme-hâ (romanization)

روزنامه روزنامه#Persian


کلاس‌ها

کلاسها • (kelâs-hâ)

کلاسها (canonical)
kelâs-hâ (romanization)

کلاس کلاس#Persian


معلم‌ها

معلمها (canonical)
mo'allem-hâ (romanization)

معلم معلم#Persian


فیلم‌ها

فیلمها • (film-hâ)

فیلمها (canonical)
film-hâ (romanization)

فیلم فیلم#Persian


تصمیم‌ها

تصمیمها (canonical)
tasmim-hâ (romanization)

تصمیم تصمیم#Persian


تلاش‌ها

تلاشها • (talâš-hâ)

تلاشها (canonical)
talâš-hâ (romanization)

تلاش تلاش#Persian


گفته‌ها

گفتهها (canonical)
gofte-hâ (romanization)

گفته گفته#Persian


میلیون‌ها

میلیونها (canonical)
milyun-hâ (romanization)
melyun-hâ (romanization)

میلیون میلیون#Persian


بانک‌ها

بانکها • (bânk-hâ)

بانکها (canonical)
bânk-hâ (romanization)

بانک بانک#Persian


جوان‌ها

جوانها • (javân-hâ)

جوانها (canonical)
javân-hâ (romanization)

جوان جوان#Persian


مغازه‌ها

مغازهها • (mağâze-hâ)

مغازهها (canonical)
mağâze-hâ (romanization)

مغازه مغازه#Persian


گروه‌ها

گروهها (canonical)
goruh-hâ (romanization)

گروه گروه#Persian


موقع‌ها

موقعها (canonical)
mowqe'-hâ (romanization)

موقع موقع#Persian


سیاست‌ها

سیاستها • (siyâsat-hâ)

سیاستها (canonical)
siyâsat-hâ (romanization)

سیاست سیاست#Persian


خیابان‌ها

خیابانها • (xiyâbân-hâ)

خیابانها (canonical)
xiyâbân-hâ (romanization)

خیابان خیابان#Persian


سال‌ها

سالها • (sâl-hâ)


خوابگاه‌ها

خوابگاهها • (xâbgâh-hâ)

خوابگاهها (canonical)
xâbgâh-hâ (romanization)

خوابگاه خوابگاه#Persian


طرح‌ها

طرحها (canonical)
tarh-hâ (romanization)


رده‌ها

ردهها (canonical)
rade-hâ (romanization)


تحریم‌ها

تحریمها (canonical)
tahrim-hâ (romanization)

تحریم تحریم#Persian


گفته

گفته • (gofte) (plural گفتهها (gofte-hâ))


برنامه

بَرْنامِه • (barnâme) (plural برنامهها (barnâme-hâ))

بَرْنامِه (canonical)
barnâme (romanization)
برنامهها (plural)

Inherited from Middle Persian *barnāmag; by surface analysis, بر (bar-, “over”) + نامه (nâme, “letter”). Compare Arabic برنامج (barnāmaj), a Middle Persian loanword.

surf

برنامه هستهای ایران


عین

Borrowed from Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn, “eye; thing itself”).

bor+

او عین پدرش است.

(with ezâfe) the very image (of), something just like...


نازی‌ها

head

نازیها • (nâzi-hâ)

نازیها (canonical)
nâzi-hâ (romanization)

نازی نازی#Persian


بازداشت‌ها

بازداشتها • (bâzdâšt-hâ)

بازداشتها (canonical)
bâzdâšt-hâ (romanization)

بازداشت بازداشت#Persian


سازمان‌ها

سازمانها (canonical)
sâzmân-hâ (romanization)
sâzemân-hâ (romanization)

سازمان سازمان#Persian


ستاره‌ها

ستارهها • (setâre-hâ)

ستارهها (canonical)
setâre-hâ (romanization)

ستاره ستاره#Persian


یهودیان

یهودی یهودی#Persian


رنگ‌ها

رنگها (canonical)
rang-hâ (romanization)


قرن‌ها

قرنها (canonical)
qarn-hâ (romanization)


انسان‌ها

انسانها • (ensân-hâ)

انسانها (canonical)
ensân-hâ (romanization)

انسان انسان#Persian


دودمان‌ها

دودمانها • (dudmân-hâ)

دودمانها (canonical)
dudmân-hâ (romanization)

دودمان دودمان#Persian


حکومت‌ها

حکومتها (canonical)
hokumat-hâ (romanization)

حکومت حکومت#Persian


تعریف‌ها

تعریفها (canonical)
ta'rif-hâ (romanization)

تعریف تعریف#Persian


استان‌ها

استانها • (ostân-hâ)

استانها (canonical)
ostân-hâ (romanization)

استان استان#Persian


زمین‌ها

زمینها (canonical)
zamin-hâ (romanization)

زمین زمین#Persian


کره‌ها

کرهها (canonical)
kare-hâ (romanization)


کره‌ها

کرهها (canonical)
kore-hâ (romanization)


کره‌ها

کرهها (canonical)
korre-hâ (romanization)


جستارها

جستارها • (jostâr-hâ)

جستار جستار#Persian


قسمت‌ها

قسمتها (canonical)
qesmat-hâ (romanization)

قسمت قسمت#Persian


نیروها

نیروها • (niru-hâ)

نیرو نیرو#Persian


ازبک‌ها

ازبکها (canonical)
ozbak-hâ (romanization)

ازبک ازبک#Persian


چهره‌ها

چهرهها • (čehre-hâ)

چهرهها (canonical)
čehre-hâ (romanization)

چهره چهره#Persian


کمونیست‌ها

کمونیستها (canonical)
komunist-hâ (romanization)

کمونیست کمونیست#Persian


مکتب‌ها

مکتبها (canonical)
maktab-hâ (romanization)

مکتب مکتب#Persian


فیل‌ها

فیلها • (fil-hâ)


بازارها

بازارها • (bâzâr-hâ)

بازار بازار#Persian


ملخ‌ها

ملخها (canonical)
malax-hâ (romanization)


نام‌ها

نامها • (nâm-hâ)


هندوها

هندو هندو#Persian


دریاچه‌ها

دریاچهها • (daryâče-hâ)

دریاچهها (canonical)
daryâče-hâ (romanization)

دریاچه دریاچه#Persian


انگلیسی‌ها

انگلیسیها (canonical)
engelisi-hâ (romanization)

انگلیسی انگلیسی#Persian


زبان‌ها

زبانها • (zabân-hâ)

زبانها (canonical)
zabân-hâ (romanization)

زبان زبان#Persian


شهرها

شهرها • (šahr-hâ)


ماهیان

ماهیان • (mâhi-ân)

ماهی ماهی#Persian


سنجاب‌ها

سنجابها • (sanjâb-hâ)

سنجابها (canonical)
sanjâb-hâ (romanization)

سنجاب سنجاب#Persian


ماهی‌ها

ماهیها • (mâhi-hâ)

ماهیها (canonical)
mâhi-hâ (romanization)

ماهی ماهی#Persian


زمستان‌ها

زمستانها • (zemestân-hâ)

زمستانها (canonical)
zemestân-hâ (romanization)

زمستان زمستان#Persian


ستون‌ها

ستونها (canonical)
sotun-hâ (romanization)

ستون ستون#Persian


مهمانی‌ها

مهمانیها • (mehmâni-hâ)

مهمانیها (canonical)
mehmâni-hâ (romanization)

مهمانی مهمانی#Persian


فرانسوی‌ها

فرانسویها • (farânsavi-hâ)

فرانسویها (canonical)
farânsavi-hâ (romanization)

فرانسوی فرانسوی#Persian


کشورها

کشورها • (kešvar-hâ)

[kʰɪʃ.wäɾ.hɑː]

[kʰɪʃ.wäɾ.hɑː]

[kʰɪʃ.wä.ɾɑː]

کشور کشور#Persian


شهرستان‌ها

شهرستانها • (šahrestân-hâ)

شهرستانها (canonical)
šahrestân-hâ (romanization)

شهرستان شهرستان#Persian


کوه‌ها

کوهها • (kuh-hâ)


ساحل‌ها

ساحلها • (sâhel-hâ)

ساحلها (canonical)
sâhel-hâ (romanization)

ساحل ساحل#Persian


ساختمان‌ها

ساختمانها • (sâxtemân-hâ)

ساختمانها (canonical)
sâxtemân-hâ (romanization)

ساختمان ساختمان#Persian


عرب‌ها

عربها (canonical)
'arab-hâ (romanization)


ماه‌ها

ماهها • (mâh-hâ)


کوی‌ها

کویها • (kuy-hâ)


رباعیات

رباعیات • (robâ'iyyât)

رباعی رباعی#Persian


کمونیست

کمونیست • (komunist) (plural کمونیستها (komunist-hâ))

komunist (romanization)
کمونیستها (plural)


شهرک‌ها

شهرکها • (šahrak-hâ)

شهرکها (canonical)
šahrak-hâ (romanization)

شهرک شهرک#Persian


جمهوری‌ها

جمهوریها (canonical)
jomhuri-hâ (romanization)

جمهوری جمهوری#Persian


سنگ‌ها

سنگها (canonical)
sang-hâ (romanization)


مرز

مَرْز (canonical)
marz (romanization)
مرزها (plural)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mlc /marz/, “boundary, march; (astronomy) term”), from Proto-Indo-European *merǵ- (“edge, boundary, border”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀 (mar^əza, “frontier”), Proto-Germanic *markō (> English march), and Latin margo. Akin to the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian մարզ (marz), մարձ (marj), Georgian მაზრა (mazra), Classical Syriac ܡܪܙܐ (marzā).

inh

مرز کشور همسایه

کشور هم مرز


ازبک

head

ازبک • (ozbak) (plural ازبکها (ozbak-hâ))


جلق

→ English: jelq


کل

هر کلش یه جا رفت.

(It broke and) Every piece of it went somewhere.

(dialectal, Bushehr, Khesht, Konartakhteh) piece, part


کل

buck (male goat); any kind of male animal such as a cow, buffalo, sheep, deer or gazelle


کل

کلکو سیب اورده.


کل

A cry of joy that women cheer in weddings.


کل

⇒ Khalaj: kula


حکومت

حُکومَت • (hokumat) (plural حکومتها (hokumat-hâ))

حُکومَت (canonical)
hokumat (romanization)
حکومتها (plural)
حکومت (singular)
hokumat (singular)
حکومتها (plural)
hokumat-hấ (plural)
حکومتا (colloquial plural)
hokumatấ (plural)
حکومت را (definite direct-object singular)
hokumat râ (definite direct-object singular)
حکومت رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
hokumato (definite direct-object singular)
حکومتها را (definite direct-object plural)
hokumat-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
حکومتا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
hokumatấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
حکومت (ezafe singular)
hokumat-e (ezafe singular)
حکومتهای (ezafe plural)
hokumat-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
حکومتای (colloquial ezafe plural)
hokumatấ-ye (ezafe plural)
حکومتی (definite relative singular)
حکومتی (indefinite singular stressed)
hokumat-i (definite relative singular)
hokumat-i (indefinite singular stressed)
حکومتهایی (definite plural relative)
حکومتهایی (indefinite plural stressed)
hokumatấn-i, hokumat-hấ-i (definite plural relative)
hokumatấn-i, hokumat-hấ-i (indefinite plural stressed)
حکومتایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
حکومتایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
hokumatấi (definite plural relative)
hokumatấi (indefinite plural stressed)
حکومتم (first-person possessive singular)
hokumátam (first-person possessive singular)
حکومتهایم (first-person possessive singular)
hokumat-hấyam (first-person possessive singular)
حکومتهام، حکومتام (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
hokumatấm (first-person possessive singular)
حکومتت (possessive second-person singular)
hokumátat (possessive second-person singular)
Term? (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
hokumátet (possessive second-person singular)
حکومتهایت (possessive second-person singular)
hokumat-hấyat (possessive second-person singular)
حکومتهات، حکومتات (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
hokumatất (possessive second-person singular)
حکومتش (possessive singular third-person)
hokumátaš (possessive singular third-person)
Term? (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
hokumáteš (possessive singular third-person)
حکومتهایش (possessive singular third-person)
hokumat-hấyaš (possessive singular third-person)
حکومتهاش، حکومتاش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
hokumatấš (possessive singular third-person)
حکومتمان (first-person plural possessive)
hokumátemân (first-person plural possessive)
حکومتمون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
hokumátemun (first-person plural possessive)
حکومتهایمان (first-person plural possessive)
hokumat-hấyemân (first-person plural possessive)
حکومتهامون، حکومتامون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
hokumatấmun (first-person plural possessive)
حکومتتان (plural possessive second-person)
hokumátetân (plural possessive second-person)
حکومتتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
hokumátetun (plural possessive second-person)
حکومتهایتان (plural possessive second-person)
hokumat-hấyetân (plural possessive second-person)
حکومتهاتون، حکومتاتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
hokumatấtun (plural possessive second-person)
حکومتشان (plural possessive third-person)
hokumátešân (plural possessive third-person)
حکومتشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
hokumátešun (plural possessive third-person)
حکومتهایشان (plural possessive third-person)
hokumat-hấyešân (plural possessive third-person)
حکومتهاشون، حکومتاشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
hokumatấšun (plural possessive third-person)


موم

→ Azerbaijani: mum

→ Arabic: مُوم (mūm)

→ Bengali: মোম (mōm)

→ Crimean Tatar: mum

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: मोम (mom)

Urdu: موم (mom)

→ Ottoman Turkish: موم (mûm)

> Turkish: mum (inherited)

→ Turkmen: mum

→ Kyrgyz: мом (mom)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੋਮ (mom)

Shahmukhi script: موم (mom)

→ Romani: mom

→ Uyghur: موم (mom)

→ Uzbek: mum

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/*mōm/). Akin to Northern Kurdish mûm (“candle”), Central Kurdish مۆم (mom, “candle”), Southern Kurdish موم (mum, “wax”), and Old Armenian մոմ (mom), an Iranian borrowing.
Further origin uncertain. Perhaps a borrowing from a Semitic language, from Proto-Semitic *māy- (“water, liquid, sap”); compare Akkadian 𒀀 (mū). The final -m could be from a plural suffix (the word being a plurale tantum in some languages) or from reduplication; compare Hebrew מים (mayim).


جانوران

head

جانوران • (jânvarân)

جانور جانور#Persian


تعریف

تعریف • (ta'rif) (plural تعریفها (ta'rif-hâ) or تعاریف (ta'ârif))

ta'rif (romanization)
تعریفها (plural)
تعاریف (plural)

→ Azerbaijani: tərif

desc

→ Bengali: তারিফ (tariph), তারিপ (tarip) — obsolete

→ Gujarati: તારીફ (tārīph)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: तारीफ़ (tārīf), तारीफ (tārīph)

Urdu: تَعْرِیف (ta'rīf)

→ Kannada: ತಾರೀಫು (tārīphu), ತಾರೀಪು (tārīpu)

→ Marathi: तारीफ (tārīph)

→ Ottoman Turkish: تعریف

Turkish: tarif

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਤਾਰੀਫ਼ (tārīf), ਤਾਰੀਫ (tārīph)

Shahmukhi script: تَعْرِیف (taʻrīf)

→ Uzbek: taʼrif

→ Uyghur: تەرىپ (terip)

[t̪ʰäʔ.ɾiːf]

[t̪ʰäʔ.ɾiːf]

[t̪ʰɑː.ɾiːf]

[t̪ʰæʔ.ɹiːf]

دشمن روزند این قلابکان، عاشق روزند آن زرهای کان، ز آن که روز است آینهی تعریف او.

c. 1260, Rumi, “2:290—291”, in The Masnavi:

These counterfeiters are the enemies of the day, and those pieces of gold are the lovers of day, because the day is the mirror that makes it [the purity of gold] known.

došman-e ruz-and in qellâbekân, 'âšeq-e ruz-and ân zarhâ-ye kân, z-ân-ke ruz ast âyene-ye ta'rif-e u.


فرض‌ها

فرضها (canonical)
farz-hâ (romanization)


نهنگ‌ها

نهنگها (canonical)
nahang-hâ (romanization)

نهنگ نهنگ#Persian


مقاله‌ها

head

مقالهها • (maqâle-hâ)

مقالهها (canonical)
maqâle-hâ (romanization)

مقاله مقاله#Persian


جامعه‌ها

جامعهها • (jâme'e-hâ)

جامعهها (canonical)
jâme'e-hâ (romanization)

جامعه جامعه#Persian


ورزش‌ها

ورزشها • (varzeš-hâ)

ورزشها (canonical)
varzeš-hâ (romanization)

ورزش ورزش#Persian


باطری

باطْری • (bâtri)

fa-noun

باطْری • (bâtri)

باتْری باتری#Persian


باتری

head

باتْری • (bâtri)

fa-noun

باتْری • (bâtri)


کفتار

head

کفتار • (kaftâr) (plural کفتارها (kaftâr-hâ) or کفتاران (kaftârân))

kaftâr (romanization)
کفتارها (plural)
کفتاران (plural)

→ Armenian: քավթառ (kʻavtʻaṙ)

→ Azerbaijani: kaftar

→ Hindi: कफ़्तार (kaftār, rekhta)

→ Northern Kurdish: keftar

→ Ottoman Turkish: كفتار (keftar)

→ Udi: кафтӏар (kafṭar)

[kʰäf.t̪ʰɑ́ːɾ]

[kʰäf.t̪ʰɑ́ːɾ]

[kʰäf.t̪ʰɑ́ːɾ]

[kʰäf.t̪ʰɔ́ːɾ]

[kʰʲæf.t̪ʰɒ́ːɹ]

[kʰäf.t̪ʰɔ́ɾ]

Related to Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (hptʾl /haftār/, “hyena”), Bandar Abbasi Persian dialect افتارگ (aftârg), Sogdian [script needed] (ʾβtʾr /aftār/), Old Georgian აფთარი (aptari). See additional comparanda in Bläsing. Unattested in Old Iranian. The ultimate origin is unknown.

unk

unknown

ز بیم تیغ او شیران جنگی
بسوراخ اندرون رفته چو کفتار
کسی کز پیش او گیرد هزیمت
نترسد گر شود در سله با مار

c. 1030, Farrukhī Sīstānī, “Qaṣīda 69”, in دیوان فرخی سیستانی [Dīvān of Farrukhī]:

Fearing your blade, the warlike lions
Have hidden in holes like the hyena.
Whoever flees before you
Is not afraid to go [hide from you] in a basket with a snake.

zi bīm-i tēğ-i tu šērān-i jangī
ba sūrāx andarūn rafta čū kaftār
kasē k-az pēš-i ō gīrad hazīmat
na-tarsad gar šawad dar silla bā mār


عدسی

[ʔä.d̪ä.síː]

[ʔä.d̪ä.síː]

[ʔä.d̪ä.síː]

[ʔæ.d̪æ.síː]

From عدس (adas, “lentil”) + ـی (-i).
"Lens": semantic loan from Arabic عَدَسَة (ʕadasa).


پلنگ

head

پَلَنْگ • (palang) (plural پلنگها (palang-hâ))

پَلَنْگ (canonical)
palang (romanization)
پلنگها (plural)

→ Azerbaijani: pələng (“tiger”)

→ Khalaj: palang (“tiger, leopard”)

→ Udi: паьланҝ (pälangʲ, “tiger”)

[pʰæ.lǽɲɡʲ̥]

Compare to Bactrian πορλαγγο-ζινο (porlaggo-zino), Pashto پړانګ (pṙâng), Sanskrit पृदाकु (pṛdāku, “panther”), and Ancient Greek πάρδαλις (párdalis).

cog

πορλαγγοζινο

πορλαγγο-ζινο


کیهان‌شناس

head

کیهانشناس • (keyhân-šenâs)

fa-noun

کیهانشناس • (keyhân-šenâs)

کیهانشناس (canonical)
keyhân-šenâs (romanization)


دریاها

head

دریاها • (daryâ-hâ)

دریا دریا#Persian


غول‌ها

غولها • (ğul-hâ)


کیهان‌شناسی

کیهانشناسی • (keyhân-šenâsi)

fa-noun

کیهانشناسی • (keyhân-šenâsi)

کیهانشناسی (canonical)
keyhân-šenâsi (romanization)

From کیهان + ـشناسی.

af

کیهان + ـشناسی


سرعت

سُرعَت (canonical)
sor'at (romanization)

سرعت نور

سرعت بالا

محدودیت سرعت

زمان به سرعت میگذرد.


صداها

head

صداها • (sedâ-hâ)


پرندگان

[pʰä.ɾɪn̪.d̪ä.ɡɑːn]

[pʰä.ɾɪn̪.d̪ä.ɡɑːn]

[pʰä.ɾän̪.d̪ä.ɡɑːn]

[pʰä.ɾän̪.d̪ä.ɡɔːn]

[pʰæ.ɹæn̪.d̪æ.ɡɒːn]

[pʰä.ɾän̪.d̪ä.ɡɔn]

پرنده پرنده#Persian


تشکر

[t̪ʰä.ʃäk.kʰʊ́ɾ]

[t̪ʰä.ʃäk.kʰʊ́ɾ]

[t̪ʰä.ʃäk.kʰʊ́ɾ]

[t̪ʰä.ʃäk.kʰúɾ]

[t̪ʰæ.ʃækʲ.kʰóɹ]

[t̪ʰä.ʃäk.kʰúɾ]

Borrowed from Arabic تَشَكُّر (tašakkur).


دوربین

Tajik: дурбин (durbin)

desc

→ Arabic: دَرْبِين (darbīn), دَرْبِيل (darbīl, “telescope; binoculars”) (dialects)

→ Swahili: darubini (“telescope; binoculars”)

→ Armenian: դուրբին (durbin), դիրբին (dirbin), դուլբին (dulbin), դուլբուն (dulbun), տո̈ւլպո̈ւն (tülpün), դո̈ւրբո̈ւն (dürbün), տելբի (telbi), դիլպի (dilpi), դուլդուլ (duldul), տուլտոզ (tultoz), դօ̈լբինդ (dölbind)

→ Azerbaijani: durbin

→ Bengali: দূরবিন (durbin)

→ Georgian: დურბინდი (durbindi)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: दूरबीन (dūrbīn)

Urdu: دوربین (dūrbīn)

→ Kazakh: дүрбі (dürbı)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: دوربین (dürbin, dürbün)
Turkish: dürbün
→ Albanian: dyrbi, dylbi
→ Macedonian: дурбин (durbin)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: ду̀рбӣн, дурбисна (archaic)
Latin script: dùrbīn, durbisna (archaic)

→ Uyghur: دۇربۇن (durbun)

→ Uzbek: durbin

From دور (dur) + بین (bin). In the sense of a prospective glass, calque of Latin tēlescopum, tēlescopium, transmitted after this device was invented in Europe in the early 17ᵗʰ century by travellers to the East, which however makes it likely that this sense developed in the Ottoman Turkish vocabulary first.

دوربین مخفی


کیهان

head

کیهان • (keyhân)

fa-noun

کیهان • (keyhân)

From Middle Persian 𐭢𐭩𐭧𐭠𐭭𐭩 (gyhʾny /gēhān/). Doublet of جهان and گیهان.


عزیز

head

عزیز • ('aziz) (plural عزیزان ('azizân))


انقلاب‌ها

انقلابها • (enqelâb-hâ)

انقلابها (canonical)
enqelâb-hâ (romanization)

انقلاب انقلاب#Persian


عکس‌ها

عکسها (canonical)
'aks-hâ (romanization)


شاهان

شاهان • (šâhân)


آشوب‌ها

آشوبها • (âšub-hâ)

آشوبها (canonical)
âšub-hâ (romanization)

آشوب آشوب#Persian


لایحه‌ها

لایحهها • (lâyehe-hâ)

لایحهها (canonical)
lâyehe-hâ (romanization)

لایحه لایحه#Persian


گلیم‌ها

گلیمها (canonical)
gelim-hâ (romanization)

گلیم گلیم#Persian


لایحه

لایحه • (lâyehe) (plural لایحهها (lâyehe-hâ))


تکه‌ها

تکهها (canonical)
teke-hâ (romanization)


آنها

آنها • (ân-hâ)

آنها آنها#Persian


چشمان

چشمان • (češmân)

[t͡ʃʰäʃ.mɑ́ːn]

[t͡ʃʰɪʃ.mɑːn]

[t͡ʃʰäʃ.mɑ́ːn]

[t͡ʃʰɪʃ.mɑːn]

[t͡ʃʰäʃ.mɑ́ːn]

[t͡ʃʰɪʃ.mɑːn]

[t͡ʃʰäʃ.mɔ́ːn]

[t͡ʃʰæʃ.mɒ́ːn]

[t͡ʃʰäʃ.mɔ́n]


دکترها

دکتر دکتر#Persian


مهندس‌ها

مهندسها (canonical)
mohandes-hâ (romanization)

مهندس مهندس#Persian


گوساله‌ها

گوسالهها • (gusâle-hâ)

گوسالهها (canonical)
gusâle-hâ (romanization)

گوساله گوساله#Persian


حرف‌ها

حرفها (canonical)
harf-hâ (romanization)


مرده‌ها

مردهها (canonical)
morde-hâ (romanization)

مرده مرده#Persian


سبیل‌ها

سبیلها (canonical)
sebil-hâ (romanization)

سبیل سبیل#Persian


سبیل‌ها

سبیلها (canonical)
sabil-hâ (romanization)

سبیل سبیل#Persian


چین‌ها

چینها • (čin-hâ)


شب‌ها

شبها • (šab-hâ)


تارها

تارها • (târ-hâ)


دندان‌ها

دندانها • (dandân-hâ)

دندانها (canonical)
dandân-hâ (romanization)

دندان دندان#Persian


جنگ‌ها

جنگها (canonical)
jang-hâ (romanization)


چیزها

چیزها • (čiz-hâ)

[t͡ʃʰiːzˈhɒː]

[t͡ʃʰiːˈzɒː]


پلک

پلک • (palk, pelk, palak) (plural پلکها (palk-hâ, pelk-hâ, palak-hâ))

palk (romanization)
pelk (romanization)
palak (romanization)
پلکها (plural)

پلک یک تکه پوست برای محافظت از چشم است.
Palk/Pelk/Palak yek tekke pust barâ-ye mohâfazat az češm ast.


وقت‌ها

وقتها (canonical)
vaqt-hâ (romanization)


تکه

→ Armenian: թիքա (tʻikʻa)

→ Middle Armenian: թիքէ (tʻikʻē)

desc

→ Egyptian Arabic: تَكَّة (takka, “tad, bit”)

Likely an Oghuz borrowing or perhaps Chagatai, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *tikö (“piece”). Compare Karakhanid تِكُو (tikǖ, “piece, slice”), Ottoman Turkish تیكه (tike, “piece”), Turkish tike (“piece”), Azerbaijani tikə (“piece”).


گوساله

head

گوساله • (gusâle) (plural گوسالهها (gusâle-hâ))

→ Gujarati: ગોસાલા (gosālā)

→ Khalaj: guosâla

[ɡʊː.sɔː.lǽ]


آشوب

→ Khalaj: âşub

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾšwp /āšōb/, “turmoil, disturbance”). Cognate with Parthian 𐫀𐫀𐫢𐫇𐫁 (ʾʾšwb /āšōβ/, “turmoil, disturbance”).


سبیل

head

سبیل • (sebil) (plural سبیلها (sebil-hâ))

→ Bashkardi:

Minabi: سبیل (sibil)

→ Gilaki: سبیل (sëbil)

→ Gurani: سمێڵێ (simêllê)

desc

→ Kermanic: sabēl, sebīl, sobēla, sobīl, sobāt

→ Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: سمێڵ (smêll)

Northern Kurdish: simbêl, simêl, sinbêl

→ Khalaj: sibîl

→ Zazaki: zimêli

→? Classical Syriac: ܣܸܢܒܘܼ̈ܠܹܐ (sinbûlî)

Uncertain; probably borrowed from Arabic سِبَال (sibāl), plural of سَبَلَة (sabala, “moustache”). Classical Syriac ܣܸܢܒܘܼ̈ܠܹܐ (sinbûlî) likely an Iranian borrowing.


سبیل

head

سبیل • (sabil) (plural سبیلها (sabil-hâ))


شاخه‌ها

شاخهها • (šâxe-hâ)

شاخهها (canonical)
šâxe-hâ (romanization)

شاخه شاخه#Persian


درشکه

درشکه • (doroške) (plural درشکهها (doroške-hâ))


ترمز

ترمز • (tormoz) (plural ترمزها (tormoz-hâ))

tlb

(chiefly Tajik, Iran and Northern Afghanistan)


مهم

مُهِمّ (canonical)
mohemm (romanization)

و این مهم که من پیش میگیرم لشکرها را با خویشتن نخواهم بردن جز اندکی.

12th century, Ibn al-Balkhi, the Fârs-nâme:

And [in] this important affair that I am engaging in, I will not take armies with me, save a few [men].

va in mohemm ke man piš mi-giram laškar-hâ-râ bâ xištan na-xâham bordan joz andak-i.


شعرا

head

شعرا • (šo'arâ)

[ʃu.ʔa.ˈɾɑː]

[ʃo̞.ʔä.ɾɑ́ː]

[ʃo̞.ʔä.ɾɑ́ː]

[ʃʊ.wä.ɾɑ́ː]

[ʃu.wä.ɾɔ́ː]

[ʃo.ʔæ.ɹɒ́ː]

Borrowed from Arabic شُعَرَاء (šuʕarāʔ).

شاعر شاعر#Persian


انگبین

angobin (romanization)
angabin (romanization)

[ʔæɲ.ɡʲæ.biːn]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (DWBŠYA, ʾngpyn' /angubēn/, “honey”), from Proto-Iranian *Hangubáynah.
Cognate with Northern Kurdish hingiv, Zazaki engemin, Central Kurdish ھەنگِوین (hengiwîn) and Talysh انگوین (anqevin).
Probably not related انگ (ang), which means yellowjacket; instead related to انگم (angom, “resin”).

inh

گلنگبین

a conserve or drink of rose petals in honey

ترنگبین

Persian manna, Alhagi maurorum, Alhagi persarum or its honeydew


شعار

head

شعار • (še'âr) (plural شعارها (še'âr-hâ))

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: शिआर (śiār)

Urdu: شِعَار (śi'ār)

(dated) standard, colors, banner, device


برق

طلا هادی برق است.

سگ از رعد و برق میترسد.

The dog is afraid of thunder and lightning.

برق را در خرمن مردم تماشا کرده است
آن که پندارد که حال مردم دنیا خوش است؟

c. 1670, Ṣāʾib-i Tabrīzī, “Ghazal 1012”, in دیوان [Dīvān]:

Has he observed how the lightning strikes the haystack of Man [reducing it to ashes in a moment]—
He who thinks that the state of Man in the mortal world is worthwhile?

barq rā dar xirman-i mardum tamāšā karda ast
ān ki pindārad ki hāl-i mardum-i dunyā xwaš ast?

برق را داغ کن (Dari, more formal)

(chiefly Dari) electric light (source of illumination)

از برق تیغ و خنجر بی زینهار شد
در فوج خصم هر علم انگشت زینهار

c. 1649, Ṣāʾib-i Tabrīzī, “On the conquest of Qandahār and praise of Shah ʿAbbās II”, in دیوان [Dīvān]:

Without warning, due to the flash of swords and daggers,
Every flag in the enemy host became a finger [raised in] warning.

az barq-i tēğ u xanjar bē zēnhār šud
dar fawj-i xasm har alam angušt-i zēnhār


صحبت

صُحْبَت • (sohbat)

fa-noun

صُحْبَت • (sohbat)

صُحْبَت (canonical)
sohbat (romanization)

Borrowed from Arabic صُحْبَة (ṣuḥba, “accompaniment, friendship”).

bor+

در جهان بس که به غم صحبت من در پیوست
باورم نیست که جز غم بجهان چیزی هست

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 124:

So much have I been bound to the company of grief in the world
That I do not believe that anything exists in the world except for grief.

dar jahān bas ki ba ğam suhbat-i man dar paywast
bāwaram nīst ki juz ğam ba-jahān čīzē hast

company (of someone), companionship, accompaniment


رایانه‌ها

head

رایانهها • (râyâne-hâ)

رایانهها (canonical)
râyâne-hâ (romanization)

رایانه رایانه#Persian


عصب‌شناس

عصبشناس (canonical)
'asab shenâs (romanization)


پروستریکا

پروستریکا • (perostrikâ)

fa-noun

پروستریکا • (perostrikâ)

fa:پروستریکا


ماخولیا

head

ماخولیا • (mâxuliyâ)

fa-noun

ماخولیا • (mâxuliyâ)

From Arabic, from Ancient Greek μελαγχολία.


مالیخولیا

head

مالیخولیا • (mâlixuliyâ)

fa-noun

مالیخولیا • (mâlixuliyâ)

Misspelling of earlier مالنخولیا (mâlenxuliyâ), from Ancient Greek μελαγχολία.

گفت لاحول این چه مالیخولیاست
ای عجب آن خادم مشفق کجاست

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 222:

“Good gracious!” he exclaimed, “what melancholy is this?
 Oh, where is that kindly servant?”

guft lāhawl īn či mālīxūliyā-st
ay 'ajab ān xādim-i mušfiq kujā-st


بامداد

head

بامداد • (bâmdâd)

fa-noun

بامداد • (bâmdâd)

→ Gujarati: બામદાદ (bāmdād)

[bɑːm.ˈdɑːð]

[bɑːm.d̪ɑ́ːd̪]

[bɑːm.d̪ɑ́ːd̪]

[bɑːm.d̪ɑ́ːd̪]

[bɔːm.d̪ɔ́ːd̪̥]

[bɒːm.d̪ɒ́ːd̪̥]

From Middle Persian 𐭡𐭠𐭬𐭣𐭠𐭲 (bāmdād, “dawn, morning”). Compare Baluchi باندات (bāndāt, “tommorow, future”).


تخته

head

تخته • (taxte) (plural تختهها (taxte-hâ))

→ Azerbaijani: taxta

→ Bashkir: таҡта (taqta)

→ Bengali: তক্তা (tokta)

→ Gujarati: તખ્તા (takhtā)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: तख़्ता (taxtā)

Urdu: تختہ (taxtā)

→ Kazakh: тақта (taqta)

→ Khalaj: taxta

→ Kyrgyz: такта (takta)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: تخته (tahta)
Turkish: tahta
→ Serbo-Croatian: tahta / тахта

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਤਖਤਾ (takhtā)

Shahmukhi script: تختہ (taxtā)

→ Russian: тахта (taxta)

→ Southern Altai: тақта

→ Tatar: такта (taqta)

→ Turkmen: tagta

→ Ukrainian: тахта (taxta)

→ Uzbek: taxta

[t̪ʰäx.t̪ʰä]

[t̪ʰäx.t̪ʰä]

[t̪ʰäx.t̪ʰä]

[t̪ʰäx.t̪ʰä]

[t̪ʰäχ.t̪ʰä]

From Middle Persian tʾhtk' (taxtag, “tablet, plank, (chess) board”), from tʾht' (taxt, “throne”) and the suffix -k' (-ag). Compare Old Armenian տախտակ (taxtak), Aghwan 𐔳𐔰𐕀𐕜𐔰𐕄 (daxṭaḳ), and Arabic تَخْتَج (taḵtaj), Middle Iranian borrowings.

inh

board (a relatively long and wide piece of any material, usually wood)

board; blackboard, chalkboard, whiteboard


خردل

Tajik: хардал (xardal)

→ Azerbaijani: xardal

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: ख़र्दल (xardal)

Urdu: خردل (xardal)


نوع

head

نوع • (now') (plural انواع (anvâ') or نوعها (now'-hâ))

now' (romanization)
انواع (plural)
نوعها (plural)

→ Azerbaijani: növ

آش جو یک نوع از انواع آشهای ایرانی است.

Ash-e-jow is one [type] of the types of Iranian porridge.

âš-e jow yek now' az ânvâ'-e âš-hâ-ye irâni ast.


سلاح

سِلاح • (selâh) (plural سلاحها (selâh-hâ) or اسلحه (aslahe))

سِلاح (canonical)
selâh (romanization)
سلاحها (plural)
اسلحه (plural)

→ Urdu: سلاح (silā)


رحم

→ Assamese: ৰহম (rohom)

→ Bengali: রহম (rohom)

→ Gujarati: રહેમ (rahem)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: रहम (raham)

Urdu: رَحَم (raham)

→ Maithili:

Devanagari script: रहम (raham)

Tirhuta script: 𑒩𑒯𑒧 (rahama)

desctree

→ Old Punjabi: ਰਹਮ (rahama /rahamma/)
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਰਹਿਮ (rahim)
Shahmukhi script: رَحِم (raḥim)

→ Sindhi:

Arabic script: رَحَمُ

Devanagari script: रहमु

Borrowed from Arabic رُحْم (ruḥm), but the initial vowel was changed under the influence of رَحمٰن (rahmân, “the Merciful”), a common title of God.

رحم آر بر دل من کز مهر روی خوبت
شد شخص ناتوانم باریک چون هلالی

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 464”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

Have mercy on my heart, for out of love for your fair face,
My incapable body has become thin like a crescent moon.

rahm ār bar dil-i man k-az mihr-i rō-yi xūbat
šud šaxs-i nātawānam bārīk čūn hilālē


ویتامین‌ها

head

ویتامینها • (vitâmin-hâ)

ویتامینها (canonical)
vitâmin-hâ (romanization)

ویتامین ویتامین#Persian


لباس‌ها

لباسها • (lebâs-hâ)

لباسها (canonical)
lebâs-hâ (romanization)

لباس لباس#Persian


غزل

Borrowed from Arabic غَزَل (ḡazal, “a compliment; erotic poetry”).

bor+

(poetry) ghazal (form of lyric love poetry)


ایلات

head

ایلات • (ilât)


دین‌ها

دینها • (din-hâ)


ایل‌ها

ایلها • (il-hâ)


فهرست‌ها

فهرستها (canonical)
fehrest-hâ (romanization)

فهرست فهرست#Persian


جشن‌ها

جشنها • (jašn-hâ)

جشنها (canonical)
jašn-hâ (romanization)


فرشتگان

فرشتگان • (fereštegân)

فرشته فرشته#Persian


پروکسی‌ها

پروکسیها (canonical)
peroksi-hâ (romanization)

پروکسی پروکسی#Persian


دختران

دختر دختر#Persian


باغ‌ها

باغها • (bâğ-hâ)


پروکسی

پروکسی • (peroksi) (plural پروکسیها (peroksi-hâ))

peroksi (romanization)
پروکسیها (plural)


اسیدها

اسیدها • (asid-hâ)

اسید اسید#Persian


شهد

شهد • (šahd)

fa-noun

شهد • (šahd)

→ Hindi: शहद (śahad)

→ Urdu: شہد

nectar (in the flower, before bees make it into honey)

ای دل چو جهان به کام ما نیست
شهباز وفا به دام ما نیست
وز شهد وصال آن دلارام
جز زهر جفا به جام ما نیست

c. 1380, Jahān Malik Khātūn, “Ghazal 265”, in دیوان جهان [Divān-i Jahān]:

O heart! Since the world is not as we would wish it,
The falcon of loyalty is not in our snare,
And from the honey of reunion with that heart-soothing one,
There is nothing but the venom of torment in our cup.

ay dil čū jahān ba kām-i mā nēst
šahbāz-i wafā ba dām-i mā nēst
w-az šahd-i wisāl-i ān dilārām
juz zahr-i jafā ba jām-i mā nēst


جشن

جَشْن (canonical)
jašn (romanization)
جشنها (plural)

Bengali: জশন (jośon), জশ্ন (jośno)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: जशन (jaśan), जश्न (jaśna)

Urdu: جَشْن (jaśn)

→ Pashto: جشن (jašᶕn)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (yšn' /jašn/), from Old Persian [script needed] (*yašna-), from Proto-Iranian *Hyajnáh (“worship, sacrifice”).

inh

جشن نوروز

جشن تولد

جشنی برپا بود.

بدین شایستگی جشنی بدین بایستگی روزی
ملک را در جهان هر روز جشنی باد و نوروزی

c. 1030, Farrukhī Sīstānī, “ترجیعات”, in دیوان اشعار [Diwān-i Ašʿār]:

A feast of such worth, a day of such need; may every day be a feast and a Nowruz to the king in the world!

bedin šâyestegi jašni bedin bâyestegi ruzi
malek râ dar jahân har ruz jašni bâd o nowruzi


کنکور

[kʰoŋ.kʰúːɹ]

fa:کنکور در ایران

برای کنکور هنر چی بخونم؟ (colloquial Iranian)

What should I study for the art entrance exam?

entrance examination
entrance examination

the national university entrance examination in Iran


ایل

head

ایل • (il) (plural ایلات (ilât) or ایلها (il-hâ))

il (romanization)
ایلات (plural)
ایلها (plural)

From a Turkic language, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *ēl.


ایل

From either Azerbaijani il (“year”) or Ottoman Turkish ییل (yıl, “year”).


سریال‌ها

سریالها • (seriâl-hâ)

سریالها (canonical)
seriâl-hâ (romanization)

سریال سریال#Persian


دولت‌ها

دولتها (canonical)
dowlat-hâ (romanization)

دولت دولت#Persian


سریال

سریال • (seriyâl) (plural سریالها (seriyâl-hâ))


معدن‌ها

معدنها (canonical)
ma'dan-hâ (romanization)

معدن معدن#Persian


وفا

وفا • (vafâ)

fa-noun

وفا • (vafâ)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: वफ़ा (vafā)

Urdu: وَفَا (vafā)

خز این قدر نتوان گفت در جمال تو عیب
که وضع مهر وفا نیست روی زیبا را

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 4”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divan of Hafez]:

One cannot speak of any blemish in your charms, save this much; neither affection nor constancy is there on your beautiful face.

joz in qadar na-tavân goft dar jamâl-e to 'eyb
ke vaz'-e mehr o vafâ nist ru-ye zibâ râ


روزه

→ Assamese: ৰোজা (rüza)

→ Bengali: রোজা (rōja)

→ Gujarati: રોજો (rojo)

desctree

→ Old Hindi: रोजा (rojā)
Hindustani: rozā
Hindi: रोज़ा
Urdu: روزَہ (roza)

→ Maithili: rōjā

Devanagari script: रोजा

Tirhuta script: 𑒩𑒼𑒖𑒰

→ Marwari: रोजा (rojā)

→ Old Punjabi: ਰੋਜਾ (rojā)
Punjabi: rozā
Gurmukhi script: ਰੋਜ਼ਾ
Shahmukhi script: روزہ

→ Ottoman Turkish: اوروج (oruc)
Turkish: oruç

→ Sindhi:

Arabic script: روزو

Devanagari script: रोज़ो

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (lwck' /rōzag/), 𐫡𐫇𐫝𐫃 (rwcg /rōzag/, “fast, fasting”), from Proto-Iranian *ráwčakah (“fasting”). Equivalent to روز (ruz, “day”) + ـه (-e). Cognate with Baluchi روچگ (rōčag) and Southern Kurdish ڕووژە (rûje).

inherited

(religion) fast, fasting (abstinence from eating)

من غم روزه خورم و مغبچهها باده ناب
سوختم آه درین شهر مسلمانی هست

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 115:

I suffer the sorrow of fasting, and the Magian children drink pure wine;
I burn in anguish! Alas that there is Islam in this town!

man ğam-i rōza xwaram u muğbačča-hā bāda-yi nāb
sūxtam āh dar īn šahr musalmānī hast

(Islam) sawm (fasting, particularly in Ramadan)

fast, fasting (abstinence from eating)
sawm (fasting, particularly in Ramadan)


یاقوت

head

یاقوت • (yâqut) (plural یاقوتها (yâqut-hâ))

→ Ottoman Turkish: یاقوت (yakut)

Turkish: yakut

→ Albanian: jakut

→ Romanian: iacut

desc

jàkut//ја̀кут

→ Serbo-Croatian: jàkut／ја̀кут

→ Ubykh: еқуҭ (ekut)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: याक़ूत (yāqūt)

Urdu: یَاقُوت (yāqūt)

→ Uyghur: ياقۇت (yaqut)

→ Uzbek: yoqut

Borrowed from Arabic يَاقُوت (yāqūt), ultimately from Ancient Greek ὑάκινθος (huákinthos). Doublet of یاکند (yâkand).


فیروزه

head

فیروزِه or فیروزَه • (firuze or fêrôza) (plural فیروزهها (firuze-hâ))

فیروزِه (canonical)
فیروزَه (canonical)
firuze (romanization)
fêrôza (romanization)
فیروزهها (plural)

→ Arabic: فَيْرُوز (fayrūz)

→ Azerbaijani: firuzə

→ Bashkir: фирүзә (firüzə)

desc

→ Belarusian: біруза́ (biruzá) (via Turkic)

→ Bengali: ফিরোজা (firoza)

→ Bengali: ফেরোজ (feroz)

→ Chagatai: فیروزه

Uzbek: feruza, firuza

→ Georgian: ფირუზი (piruzi)

→ Gujarati: પીરોજ (pīroj)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: फ़ीरोज़ा (fīrozā)

Urdu: فِیروزَہ (fīroza, fīrūza)

→ Indonesian: pirus

→ Middle Armenian: փերուզայ (pʻeruzay), փերուժա (pʻeruža), փիրուզա (pʻiruza)

Armenian: փիրուզ (pʻiruz), փիրուզա (pʻiruza), փերուզա (pʻeruza), փերուզակ (pʻeruzak)

→ Old Marathi: पेरुज (peruja), पेरोज (peroja)

→ Ottoman Turkish: پیروزه (piruze), فیروزه (firuze)

Turkish: firuze

→ Greek: περουζές (perouzés)

→ Romanian: peruzea

→ Punjabi:

Shahmukhi script: فِیروزَہ (fīrozah)

Gurmukhi script: ਫ਼ੀਰੋਜ਼ਾ (fīrozā)

→ Russian: бирюза́ (birjuzá) (via Turkic)

→ Swahili: feruzi

→ Tatar: фирүзә (firüzä)

→ Turkmen: firuza

→ Ukrainian: бірюза́ (birjuzá) (via Turkic)

[fʊː.ɾʊː.zä]

Arabized pronunciation of Early Classical Persian پیروزه (pērōza), from Middle Persian *pērōzag, from 𐭯𐭩𐭫𐭥𐭰 (pērōz, “victorious”). Note the Middle Iranian borrowings: Aramaic פרוזג (pīrūzag), Classical Syriac ܦܝܪܘܙܓ (pīrūzag), Arabic فِيرُوزَج (fīrūzaj), فَيْرُوزَج (fayrūzaj).


الماس

head

الماس • (almâs) (plural الماسها (almâs-hâ))

→ Arabic: أَلْمَاس (ʔalmās)

Gulf Arabic: ألماص (əlmasˤ)

→ Swahili: almasi

→ Bashkir: алмас (almas)

desctree

→ Georgian: ალმასი (almasi)
→ Bats: ალმას (almas)
→ Ossetian: алмаси (almasi)

→ Kazakh: алмас (almas)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: ալմաս (almas), ալմաստ (almast), ալմազ (almaz), էլմաս (ēlmas)

→ Armenian: ալմաս (almas)

→ Russian: алма́з (almáz)

→ Azerbaijani: almaz

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अलमास (almās)

Urdu: الماس (almās)

→ Kyrgyz: алмас (almas)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: الماس (elmas)
Turkish: elmas, almas (dialectal)
→ Bulgarian: елмаз (elmaz)

→ Southern Altai: алмаз (almaz)

→ Tatar: алмас (almas), алмаз (almaz)

→ Uzbek: olmos

From Middle Persian ʾlmʾs (almās); see there for further information.

الماس ... در درههای کوه سراندیب میباشد و از بیم افاعی درو نمیتوان رفت و بحیله و سعی طیور بیرون میآورند و بدین سبب پارههای بزرگ نمیتوان یافت.

1330, Hamdullāh-i Mustawfī, Tārīx-i Guzīda:

Diamond ... is found in the valleys of mountain [groups] of Serendib, and it's not possible to go there because of the snakes, and they extract it using birds, so large pieces can not be obtained.

almās ... dar darra-hā-yi kōh-i Sarāndīb mē-bāšad wa az bīm-i afā'ī dar-ō namē-tawān raft wa ba-hīla u sa'y-i tuyūr bērūn mē-āwarand wa badīn sabab pāra-hā-yi buzurg namē-tawān yāft.


سمع

هست بر سمع و بصر مهر خدا
در حجب بس صورت است و بس صدا

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 679:

God's seal lies upon the hearing and sight:
within the veils is many a form and many a sound.

hast bar sam' u basar muhr-i xudā
dar hajab bas sūrat ast u bas sadā


فصل

head

فصل • (fasl) (plural فصول (fosul) or فصلها (fasl-hâ))

fasl (romanization)
فصول (plural)
فصلها (plural)

→ Hindi: फ़सल (fasal)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਫ਼ਸਲ (fasal)

Shahmukhi script: فصل (fasl)

Borrowed from Arabic فَصْل (faṣl). Displaced native هنگام (hangâm, “season”) and فرگرد (fargard, “chapter”).

فصل بهار

فصل چهارم

حل و فصل مشکلات منطقهای

settling, resolving (a problem, a question)


معدن

معدن • (ma'dan) (plural معادن (ma'âden) or معدنها (ma'dan-hâ))

ma'dan (romanization)
معادن (plural)
معدنها (plural)


نفر

۳ نفر

۲۱۰ هزار نفر ایرانی ― 210 hazâr nafar irâni ― 210,000 Iranians

۲۵ نفر شتر ماده


فرصت

فُرصَت (canonical)
forsat (romanization)

→ Bashkir: форсат (forsat)

→ Bengali: ফুরসত (furśot)

desc

→ Gujarati: ફુરસદ (phursad), ફુરસત (phursat)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: फ़ुर्सत (fursat)

Urdu: فرصت (fursat)

→ Kannada: ಪುರುಸತ್ತು (purusattu)

→ Kazakh: мұрсат (mūrsat)

→ Uyghur: پۇرسەت (purset)

→ Uzbek: fursat

Etymology tree
Arabic فُرْصَة (furṣa)bor.
Persian فُرصَتBorrowed from Arabic فُرْصَة (furṣa).

etymon

فُرصَت

هزینهٔ فرصت


تعطیل

From Arabic verbal noun تَعْطِيل (taʕṭīl, “suspension, break, hindrance”), from verb عَطَّلَ (ʕaṭṭala, “to suspend, to inactivate”).


مجوسی

Reborrowing from Arabic مَجُوس (majūs) + ـی (-i). Ultimately of the same indeterminate Old Iranian origin as indigenous Persian مغ (moğ) and Ancient Greek μάγος (mágos).


عجوز

head

عَجوز • ('ajuz) (plural عَجوزها ('ajuz-hâ) or عَجائِز ('ajâ'ez))

عَجوز (canonical)
'ajuz (romanization)
عَجوزها (plural)
عَجائِز (plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: अजूज़ (ajūz)

Urdu: عجوز (ajūz)

مجو درستیِ عهد از جهانِ سست نهاد
 که این عجوز، عروس هزاردامادست

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 37”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divan of Hafez]:

Have no faith in promises from this feeble-hearted world,
For this crone has been the bride to a thousand suitors.

majû durustî-yi ahd az jahân-i sust nihâd
ki în ajûz, arûs-i hazâr dâmâd ast

(figurative, poetic) the frail and transient world, compared to a decrepit woman


آزمایش

آزمایش • (âzmâyeš) (plural آزمایشها (âzmâyeš-hâ) or آزمایشات (âzmâyešât))

âzmâyeš (romanization)
آزمایشها (plural)
آزمایشات (plural)

→ Bengali: আজমায়েশ (ajmaẏeś)

→ Gujarati: અજમાયશ (ajamāyaś)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: आज़माइश (āzmāiś)

desc

Urdu: آزْمائِش (āzmāiś)

Urdu: آزْمائِش (āzmāiś)

[ʔɑːz.mɑː.jɪ́ʃ]

[ʔɑːz.mɑː.jɪ́ʃ]

[ʔɑːz.mɑː.jɪ́ʃ]

[ʔɔːz.mɔː.jíʃ]

[ʔɒːz.mɒː.jéʃ]

From آزمای (âzmây, present stem of آزمودن (âzmudan, “to test, experience”)) + ـش (-eš).

af

present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">آزمودن</i> (âzmudan, “to test, experience”)

چنین داد پاسخ به مادر که شیر
نگردد مگر ز آزمایش دلیر

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The reign of Zahhāk”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

He answered his mother like this: "The brave man does not become a lion[-like hero] except by a test."

čunīn dād pāsux ba mādar ki šēr
na-gardad magar zi āzmāyiš dalēr


آزمودگی

From verb آزمودن (âzmudan, “to test, to experience”).


آغا

stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn (only in Iran)

Borrowed from Turkic. Compare Azerbaijani ağa.

(Classical Persian, dated) sir, mister, Mr.; nobleman

synonym of آقا (âqâ):
sir, mister, Mr.; nobleman

(Iran) nonstandard spelling of آقا (âqâ).

synonym of آقا (âqâ):
nonstandard spelling of آقا (âqâ).

(chiefly Dari, Tajik, often endearing) a term for an older male: grandpa, father, brother


خاقان

head

خاقان • (xâqân)

fa-noun

خاقان • (xâqân)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (hʾkʾn' /xāgān/), from Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan). Compare Turkish kağan, hakan.


مداد

head

مِداد • (medâd) (plural مدادها (medâd-hâ))

مِداد (canonical)
medâd (romanization)
مدادها (plural)

[mɪ.d̪ɑ́ːd̪]

[mɪ.d̪ɑ́ːd̪]

[mɪ.d̪ɑ́ːd̪]

Borrowed from Arabic مِدَاد (midād, “ink”). Displaced native زکاب (zakâb).


برقع

→ Kazakh: бурқа (burqa)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: बुरक़ा (burqā)

desctree

Urdu: بُرْقَع (burqa')
→ English: burka
→ Esperanto: burko
→ Portuguese: burca


بادم

head

بادم • (bâdom)

fa-noun

بادم • (bâdom)

بادام بادام#Persian

(dialectal, Shiraz) alternative form of بادام (bâdâm, “almond”)


اله

head

اله • (elâh)

fa-noun

اله • (elâh)


اله

aloh (romanization)
alloh (romanization)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


هما

head

هما • (homâ)

fa-noun

هما • (homâ)

From earlier همای (homây), from Middle Persian hwmʾy (humāy).

Gypaetus barbatus
Gypaetus barbatus#Translingual

بازم و حیران شود در من هما
جغد که بود تا بداند سر ما

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 1161:

I am a falcon, and (yet) the humá becomes lost in amazement at me:
who is an owl, that it should know my secret?

bāz-am u hayrān šawad dar man humā
juğd ki buwad tā bi-dānad sirr-i mā


هو

Middle Armenian: հու (hu) (possibly)

Probably dialectal variant of هبر (habar, “pus”), from Proto-Indo-European *sab-, *sap-; cognate with English sap. Compare Central Kurdish ھەو (hew, “pus, inflammation”).


شمشیر

head

شمشیر • (šamšir) (plural شمشیرها (šamšir-hâ))

→ Bengali: শমশের (śomośer)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: شمشیر (şemşir, şimşir)
→ Middle Armenian: շիմշիր (šimšir)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ਮਸ਼ੀਰ (śamśīr)

Shahmukhi script: شمشیر (śamśīr)

→ Urdu: شمشیر (śamśīr)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (šmšyl /šamšēr/), [Book Pahlavi needed] (špšyl), 𐫢𐫜𐫢𐫏𐫡 (šfšyr /šafšēr/, “sword”). Cognate with Parthian 𐫘𐫜𐫘𐫏𐫡 (sfsyr /safsēr/, “sword”). Compare Iranian borrowings Old Armenian սուսեր (suser, “sword”), Classical Syriac ܣܦܣܝܪܐ (sap̄sērāʾ, “sword”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic ספסרא, ספסירא (sap̄sērāʾ, “sword”), Ancient Greek σαμψήρα (sampsḗra, “foreign sword”), and possibly Italian scimitarra (“scimitar”).


کانی‌شناسی

head

کانیشناسی • (kâni-šenâsi)

fa-noun

کانیشناسی • (kâni-šenâsi)

کانیشناسی (canonical)
kâni-šenâsi (romanization)

From کانی + ـشناسی.

af

کانی + ـشناسی

fa:کانی‌شناسی


اندام

head

اندام • (andâm) (plural اندامها (andâm-hâ))

→ Azerbaijani: əndam

→ Ottoman Turkish: اندام (endam)

Turkish: endam

[ʔän̪.d̪ɑ́ːm]

[ʔän̪.d̪ɑ́ːm]

[ʔän̪.d̪ɑ́ːm]

[ʔän̪.d̪ɔ́ːm]

[ʔæn̪.d̪ɒ́ːm]

[ʔän̪.d̪ɔ́m]

Akin to Middle Persian hndʾm (handām, “member, limb”) (whence هندام (handâm)), Manichaean Parthian [Manichaean needed] (hndʾm /handām/, “limb, member; part, section”), Northern Kurdish hinav (“organ”), Central Kurdish هەناو (henaw, “organ”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬧𐬛𐬁𐬨𐬀 (haṇdāma, “limb”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“together”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to put”) + *-mn̥.
Compare also Arabic هِنْدَام (hindām) (whence هندام (hendâm)), Old Armenian անդամ (andam), Classical Mandaic ࡄࡀࡍࡃࡀࡌࡀ (handāmā), Aramaic הדמא (haddāmā), Classical Syriac ܗܕܡܐ (haddāmā), Iranian borrowings.


سیگارت

head

سیگارت • (sigâret)

fa-noun

سیگارت • (sigâret)

[siː.ɡɒː.ɹét̪]


دلداده

head

دلداده • (deldâde) (plural دلدادگان (deldâdegân))

deldâde (romanization)
دلدادگان (plural)

[d̪ɪl̪.d̪ɑː.d̪ǽ]

[d̪ɪl̪.d̪ɑː.d̪ǽ]

[d̪ɪl̪.d̪ɑː.d̪ǽ]

دل (del, “heart”) + داده (dâde, “given”, past participle of دادن (dâdan)): "heart-given", one who has given away one's heart.

af

داده
<t:given><pos:past participle of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">دادن</i> (dâdan)>


دلدار

head

دلدار • (deldâr) (plural دلدارها (deldâr-hâ) or دلداران (deldârân))

deldâr (romanization)
دلدارها (plural)
دلداران (plural)
دلدار (singular)
deldâr (singular)
دلدارها (plural)
deldâr-hấ (plural)
دلدارا (colloquial plural)
deldârấ (plural)
دلدار را (definite direct-object singular)
deldâr râ (definite direct-object singular)
دلدار رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
deldâro (definite direct-object singular)
دلدارها را (definite direct-object plural)
deldâr-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
دلدارا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
deldârấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
دلدار (ezafe singular)
deldâr-e (ezafe singular)
دلدارهای (ezafe plural)
deldâr-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
دلدارای (colloquial ezafe plural)
deldârấ-ye (ezafe plural)
دلداری (definite relative singular)
دلداری (indefinite singular stressed)
deldâr-i (definite relative singular)
deldâr-i (indefinite singular stressed)
دلدارهایی (definite plural relative)
دلدارهایی (indefinite plural stressed)
deldârấn-i, deldâr-hấ-i (definite plural relative)
deldârấn-i, deldâr-hấ-i (indefinite plural stressed)
دلدارایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
دلدارایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
deldârấi (definite plural relative)
deldârấi (indefinite plural stressed)
دلدارم (first-person possessive singular)
deldâram (first-person possessive singular)
دلدارهایم (first-person possessive singular)
deldâr-hấyam (first-person possessive singular)
دلدارهام، دلدارام (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
deldârấm (first-person possessive singular)
دلدارت (possessive second-person singular)
deldârat (possessive second-person singular)
Term? (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
deldâret (possessive second-person singular)
دلدارهایت (possessive second-person singular)
deldâr-hấyat (possessive second-person singular)
دلدارهات، دلدارات (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
deldârất (possessive second-person singular)
دلدارش (possessive singular third-person)
deldâraš (possessive singular third-person)
Term? (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
deldâreš (possessive singular third-person)
دلدارهایش (possessive singular third-person)
deldâr-hấyaš (possessive singular third-person)
دلدارهاش، دلداراش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
deldârấš (possessive singular third-person)
دلدارمان (first-person plural possessive)
deldâremân (first-person plural possessive)
دلدارمون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
deldâremun (first-person plural possessive)
دلدارهایمان (first-person plural possessive)
deldâr-hấyemân (first-person plural possessive)
دلدارهامون، دلدارامون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
deldârấmun (first-person plural possessive)
دلدارتان (plural possessive second-person)
deldâretân (plural possessive second-person)
دلدارتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
deldâretun (plural possessive second-person)
دلدارهایتان (plural possessive second-person)
deldâr-hấyetân (plural possessive second-person)
دلدارهاتون، دلداراتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
deldârấtun (plural possessive second-person)
دلدارشان (plural possessive third-person)
deldârešân (plural possessive third-person)
دلدارشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
deldârešun (plural possessive third-person)
دلدارهایشان (plural possessive third-person)
deldâr-hấyešân (plural possessive third-person)
دلدارهاشون، دلداراشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
deldârấšun (plural possessive third-person)
دلدارم (first-person predicative singular)
deldâram (first-person predicative singular)
دلداریم (first-person plural predicative)
deldârim (first-person plural predicative)
دلداری (predicative second-person singular)
deldâri (predicative second-person singular)
دلدارید (plural predicative second-person)
deldârid (plural predicative second-person)
دلدارین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
deldârin (plural predicative second-person)
دلدار است (predicative singular third-person)
deldâr ast (predicative singular third-person)
دلداره (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
deldâre (predicative singular third-person)
دلدارند (plural predicative third-person)
deldârand (plural predicative third-person)
دلدارن (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
deldâran (plural predicative third-person)

→ Bengali: দিলদার (dildar)

[d̪ɪl̪.d̪ɑ́ːɾ]

[d̪ɪl̪.d̪ɑ́ːɾ]

[d̪ɪl̪.d̪ɑ́ːɾ]

[d̪il̪.d̪ɔ́ːɾ]

[d̪el̪.d̪ɒ́ːɹ]

From دل (del, “heart”) + ـدار (-dâr, “one who holds”).

af

بیایید بیایید که گلزار دمیدست
بیایید بیایید که دلدار رسیدست
biyâyid biyâyid ke golzâr damidast
biyâyid biyâyid ke deldâr residast


لنگ

From Proto-Iranian *langa-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *langa- (“lame”); cognate with Central Kurdish لەنگ (leng), Pashto [script needed] (lang), Sanskrit लङ्ग (laṅga, “lame”).


نیاز

head

نیاز • (niyâz) (plural نیازها (niyâz-hâ))

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: نیاز (niyâz)
Turkish: niyaz

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਨਿਆਜ਼ (niāza)

Shahmukhi script: نیاز (niyāz)

Cognate with Sogdian [script needed] (‘ny’z(h), “need”).

cog

need, necessity, want, requirement, neediness


عمر

عمرش وفا نکرد

he passed away; his lifespan was disloyal

تمام عمر

عمر طولانی


اجناس

head

اجناس • (ajnâs)


تابه

تابه • (tâbe)

fa-noun

تابه • (tâbe)

تاوه تاوه#Persian


پناهندگان

head

پناهندگان • (panâhandegân)

پناهنده پناهنده#Persian


سرگرمی

سرگرمی • (sargarmi) (plural سرگرمیها (sargarmi-hâ))

sargarmi (romanization)
سرگرمیها (plural)

[säɾ.ɡäɾ.míː]

[säɾ.ɡäɾ.míː]

[säɾ.ɡäɾ.míː]

[säɾ.ɡäɾ.mí]

[sæɹ.ɡʲæɹ.míː]

[säɾ.ɡäɾ.mí]

From سرگرم (sargarm, “occupied, amused”) + ی (-i).


کوسه

→? Arabic: كُوسَا (kūsā)

→ Azerbaijani: kosa

desctree

→ Georgian: ქოსა (kosa)
Ossetian: ко́са (kósa) (possibly)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: քօսա (kʻōsa), քոսայ (kʻosay)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: كوسه (köse)
Turkish: köse
→ Albanian: qose
→ Armenian: քէօսէ (kʻēōsē)
→ Bulgarian: кьосе́ (kjosé)
→ Macedonian: ќос (ḱos)
→ Serbo-Croatian: ćȍsav／ћо̏сав

→ Uyghur: كوسا (kosa)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (kwsk' /kōsag/, “shark; *beardless”), attested in Bundahishn 23.2. Cognate with Khwarezmian کوسیک (kwsyk /*kõsə(k)/), کوسک (kwsk /*kõsak ~ *kōsē/, “beardless”). Compare Arabic كَوْسَج (kawsaj), Old Georgian კოსაკი (ḳosaḳi), კოვსაკი (ḳovsaḳi), Middle Armenian գոսակ (gosak), Armenian քոսակ (kʻosak), Iranian borrowings. Note also Udi куси (kusi, “witch”), Old Armenian կոյս (koys, “virgin”).
According to Corriente, the fish is probably so called on account of its lack of scales.

inh

a carnival character known to the medieval and modern folklore of central and western Persia


نجاری

[nad͡ʒ.d͡ʒɑː.ˈɾiː]

[näd͡ʒ.d͡ʒɑː.ɾíː]

[näd͡ʒ.d͡ʒɑː.ɾíː]

[näd͡ʒ.d͡ʒɑː.ɾíː]

[näd͡ʒ.d͡ʒɔː.ɾí]

[næd͡ʒ.d͡ʒɒː.ɹíː]

[näd͡ʒ.d͡ʒɔ.ɾí]

From نجار (najjâr) + ی (-i, forms abstract nouns).


کود

From Middle Persian [script needed] (kōδ). Related to Sanskrit कूट (kūṭa, “heap, multitude”), Romani kidao (“to heap”), Old Armenian loanword կոյտ (koyt, “heap, mass, pile”) and possibly Classical Syriac ܩܘܛܝ (qawṭī, “to heap”).


پناهگاه

head

پناهگاه • (panâhgâh) (plural پناهگاهها (panâhgâh-hâ))

panâhgâh (romanization)
پناهگاهها (plural)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਪਨਾਹਗਾਹ (panāhgāh)

Shahmukhi script: پناہ گاہ (panāh gāh)

→ Urdu: پناہ گاہ (panāh gāh)

[pʰä.nɑːɦ.ɡɑ́ːʱ]

[pʰä.nɑːɦ.ɡɑ́ːʱ]

[pʰä.nɑː.ɡɑ́ː]

[pʰä.nɔː.ɡɔ́ː]

[pʰæ.nɒːɦ.ɡɒ́ːʰ]

[pʰä.nɔɦ.ɡɔ́ʱ]


سبد

→ Azerbaijani: səbət

→ Ottoman Turkish: سپت (sepet)

Libyan Arabic: سَبَت (“basket”)

Turkish: sepet

→ Uyghur: سېۋەت (sëwet)

→ Uzbek: savat

From Middle Persian, borrowed into Aramaic סַפְטָא / ܣܰܦܛܳܐ (sap̄əṭā) and hence Arabic سَفَط (safaṭ). Akin to Old Armenian սապատ (sapat), a Middle Iranian borrowing.

cog

Aramaic סַפְטָא

.مادَرَم سَبَد را/رو پُر اَز میوه کَرد تا به خالِه-زهرا بِدَهَمَش
mâdar-am sabad râ/rô por az mive kard tâ be xâle-zahrâ bedaham-aš
My mother filled the basket with fruits, than gave it to me , so I would give it to aunt-Zahrā.


فراری

head

فراری • (farâri)

fa-noun

فراری • (farâri)

[fä.ɾɑː.ɾíː]

[fä.ɾɑː.ɾíː]

[fä.ɾɑː.ɾíː]

[fæ.ɹɒː.ɹíː]


زنجبیل

→ Armenian: զանջաֆիլ (zanǰafil)

→ Azerbaijani: zəncəfil

→ Chagatai: زنجبیل

Uyghur: زەنجىۋىل (zenjiwil)

Uzbek: zanjabil

desc

→ Kazakh: жанжабіл (janjabıl), занзабіл (zanzabıl)

→ Kurdish:

Northern Kurdish: zencefîl

Central Kurdish: زهنجهفیل (zencefîl)

→ Lezgi: сенжефил (senžefil)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: زنجبیل (zencebil, zencefil), زنجفیل (zencefil)
Turkish: zencefil
→ Albanian: xhenxhefil
→ Armenian: զենճեֆիլ (zenčefil)
→ Bulgarian: джинджифи́л (džindžifíl)
→ Georgian: ჯანჯაფილი (ǯanǯapili)

→ Turkmen: zenjebil

→ Urdu: زنجبیل (zanjabīl)

Borrowed from Arabic زَنْجَبِيل (zanjabīl). Doublet of شنگویر (šangevir, “ginger”, now archaic).


تاوه

head

تاوه • (tâve)

fa-noun

تاوه • (tâve)

Tajik: тоба (toba), това (tova)

→ Abaza: таба (taba)

→ Adyghe: табэ (tabɛ)

→ Azerbaijani: tava

→ Bashkir: таба (taba)

→ Dargwa: тава (tava)

→ Georgian: ტაფა (ṭapa)

→ Ossetian: тъапа (t’apa)

→ Kabardian: табэ (tabɛ)

→ Karachay-Balkar: таба (taba)

→ Kazakh: таба (taba)

→ Kumyk: тава (tawa)

→ Kurdish:

Northern Kurdish: tawe, tawan

→ Kyrgyz: таба (taba)

desc

→ Ossetian: те́бӕ (tébæ), таба (taba), табай (tabaj), теби (tebi) (via a Turkic language)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: تاوه (tava), تابا (taba), تاوا (tava), طابا (taba), طاوه (tava)
Turkish: tava
→ Albanian: tavë
→ Bulgarian: тава (tava)
→ Greek: νταβάς (ntavás), ταβάς (tavás)
→ Macedonian: тава (tava)
→ Middle Armenian: թաւայ (tʻaway)
Armenian: թավա (tʻava)
→ Romanian: tavă
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: тава
Latin script: tava
→ Zazaki: tava

→ Siberian Tatar: таба (taba)

→ Svan: ტაფა̈ (ṭapä)

→ Tatar: таба (taba)

→ Turkmen: taba

→ Udmurt: таба (taba)

→ Uzbek: tova

From Middle Persian tʾp̄k' (tābag); see there for further information.


فقیر

head

فَقیر • (faqir) (plural فَقیران or فَقیرها or فُقَرا (foqarâ))

فَقیر (canonical)
faqir (romanization)
فَقیران (plural)
فَقیرها (plural)
فُقَرا (plural)


سرخک

From سرخ (sorx, “red”) + ـک (ak, “diminutive suffix”).


پناهنده

head

پناهنده • (panâhande) (plural پناهندگان (panâhandegân) or پناهندهها (panâhande-hâ))

panâhande (romanization)
پناهندگان (plural)
پناهندهها (plural)
پناهنده
panâhandé
پناهندهٔ (ezafe)
panâhandé-ye (ezafe)
پناهندهای (definite relative)
پناهندهای (indefinite stressed)
panâhandé-i (definite relative)
panâhandé-i (indefinite stressed)
پناهندهام (first-person possessive singular)
panâhandé-am (first-person possessive singular)
Term? (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
panâhandám (first-person possessive singular)
پناهندهمان (first-person plural possessive)
panâhandé-ye-mân (first-person plural possessive)
Term? (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
panâhandé-mân, panâhandámun (first-person plural possessive)
پناهندهات (possessive second-person singular)
panâhandé-at (possessive second-person singular)
Term? (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
panâhandát (possessive second-person singular)
پناهندهتان (plural possessive second-person)
panâhandé-ye-tân (plural possessive second-person)
Term? (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
panâhandé-tân, panâhandátun (plural possessive second-person)
پناهندهاش (possessive singular third-person)
panâhandé-aš (possessive singular third-person)
Term? (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
panâhandáš (possessive singular third-person)
پناهندهشان (plural possessive third-person)
panâhandé-ye-šân (plural possessive third-person)
Term? (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
panâhandé-šân, panâhandášun (plural possessive third-person)
پناهندهام (first-person predicative singular)
panâhandé-am (first-person predicative singular)
پناهندهام، پناهندم (colloquial first-person predicative singular)
panâhandám (first-person predicative singular)
پناهندهایم (first-person plural predicative)
panâhandé-im (first-person plural predicative)
پناهندهای (predicative second-person singular)
panâhandé-i (predicative second-person singular)
پناهندهاید (plural predicative second-person)
panâhandé-id (plural predicative second-person)
پناهندهاین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
panâhandé-in (plural predicative second-person)
پناهنده است (predicative singular third-person)
panâhandé ast (predicative singular third-person)
پناهندهئه، پناهندس (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
panâhandé-e, panâhandás (predicative singular third-person)
پناهندهاند (plural predicative third-person)
panâhandé-and (plural predicative third-person)
پناهندهان، پناهندن (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
panâhandé-an, panâhandán (plural predicative third-person)

[pʰä.nɑː.ɦän̪.d̪ǽ]

[pʰä.nɑː.ɦän̪.d̪ǽ]

[pʰä.nɑːän̪.d̪ǽ]

[pʰä.nɔːän̪.d̪ǽ]

[pʰæ.nɒː.ɦæn̪.d̪é]

From پناه + ـنده.


دستبند

دستبند دستبند#Persian


وطن‌پرستی

وطنپرستی (canonical)
vatan-parasti (romanization)


هموطن

هموطن • (hamvatan) (plural هموطنان (hamvatanân) or هموطنها (hamvatan-hâ))

hamvatan (romanization)
هموطنان (plural)
هموطنها (plural)


کفشدوزک

کفشدوزک • (kafšduzak) (plural کفشدوزکها (kafšduzak-hâ))

kafšduzak (romanization)
کفشدوزکها (plural)

Disputed. Could be from an earlier *کوژدوشَک = کوژ (kuž, “convex”) + دوش (duš, “shoulder, back”) + ـک (-ak, diminutive suffix), "the little hunchback" (also see گوژپُشت), or from کُش (koš) + شَتو (šatu) + زَک (zak), literally “the killer of aphid pests”. Analyzable in Modern Persian as کفشدوز (kafš-duz, “shoe maker”) + ـک (ak, diminutive suffix), literally “the little shoemaker” (etymologically debunked).

af

(Iran) ladybird or lady-bird, ladybug (Canada, US)


آبیاری

head

آبیاری • (âbyâri)

fa-noun

آبیاری • (âbyâri)

[ʔɑːβ.jɑː.ˈɾiː]

[ʔɑːb.jɑː.ɾíː]

[ʔɑːb.jɑː.ɾíː]

[ʔɑːb.jɑː.ɾíː]

[ʔɔːb.jɔː.ɾí]

[ʔɒːb.jɒː.ɹíː]

From آب (âb, “water”) + یاری (yâri, “support, assistance”).


وطن‌پرست

وَطَنپَرَست (canonical)
vatan-parast (romanization)

→ Gujarati: વતનપરસ્ત (vatnaprast)

From وَطَن (vatan, “homeland”) + ـپَرَست (parast).


کشاورزی

head

کِشاوَرْزی • (kešâvarzi)

fa-noun

کِشاوَرْزی • (kešâvarzi)

کِشاوَرْزی (canonical)
kešâvarzi (romanization)

[kʰɪ.ʃɑː.wäɾ.zíː]

[kʰɪ.ʃɑː.wäɾ.zíː]

[kʰɪ.ʃɑː.wäɾ.zíː]

[kʰʲe.ʃɒː.væɹ.zíː]

From کشاورز (kešâvarz, “farmer”) + ـی (-i).

دانِشْکَدِۀ کِشاوَرْزی

زَمینِ کِشاوَرْزی

کشاورزی ایشان همه گندمست و بسیارست و درخت انجیر و زیتون و پسته و بادام و انگور فراوانست، و آب شهر از باران و چاه باشد.

c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels]:

Their agriculture is all wheat, and abundant. There are a large number of fig, olive, pistachio, almond, and grape trees, and the water of the city is from rain and wells.

kišāwarzī-yi ēšān hama gandum ast u bisyār ast u diraxt-i anjīr u zaytūn u pista u bādām u angūr farāwān ast, u āb-i šahr az bārān u čāh bāšad.


دانش‌آموز

head

دانِشآموز • (dâneš-âmuz) (plural دانشآموزان (dâneš-âmuzân))

دانِش آموز (canonical)
dâneš-âmuz (romanization)
دانشآموزان (plural)

→ Urdu: دانش آموز (dāniś-āmoz)

[d̪ɑː.nɪ́ʃ ʔɑː.móːz]

[d̪ɑː.nɪ́ʃ ʔɑː.móːz]

[d̪ɑː.nɪ́ʃ ʔɑː.móːz]

[d̪ɔː.níʃ ʔɔː.mʊ́ːz]

[d̪ɒː.néʃ ʔɒː.múːz]

[d̪ɔ.níʃ ʔɔ.mɵ́z]

student, a schoolchild, a person who attends school


بودجه

بودْجِه • (budje)

fa-noun

بودْجِه • (budje)

بودْجِه (canonical)
budje (romanization)

بودجه دولت


کافر

head

کافر • (kâfer) (plural کافرها (kâfer-hâ))

→ Hindi: काफ़िर (kāfir)


تنه

Hindi: तना (tanā)

Urdu: تنہ (tanā, tanah)

By surface analysis, تن (tan, “body”) + ـه (-e).


وفات

head

وفات • (vafât)

fa-noun

وفات • (vafât)

چند گویی ز سر ناز که جان ده بوفا؟
جان من کار دگر نیست مرا غیر وفات

early 1500s, Hilālī, “Ghazal 44”, in دیوان هلالی جغتایی:

How long will you say with full coyness, "Give up your life to loyalty [for me]?"
For my life is nothing else to me than death.

čand gūyī zi sar-i nāz ki jān dah ba wafā?
jān-i man kār-i digar nēst ma-rā ğayr-i wafāt


نژاد

head

نژاد • (nežâd) (plural نژادها (nežâd-hâ))

→ Azerbaijani: nijad

→ Urdu: نِژاد (niźād)

[ni.ʒɔ́ːd̪̥]

[ne.ʒɒ́ːd̪̥]


خالی

خالی • (xâli)

fa-noun

خالی • (xâli)

→ Middle Armenian: խալի (xali)

Armenian: խալի (xali)

→ Azerbaijani: xalı, xalça

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: خالی (halı), قالی (kalı)
Turkish: halı
→ Albanian: halli
→ Bulgarian: халия (halija)
→ Greek: χαλί (chalí)
→ Persian: خالی (xâli)
Middle Armenian: խալի (xali)
Armenian: խալի (xali)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: ха̀лија
Latin script: hàlija
→ Zazaki: xali

→ Turkmen: haly

Borrowed from Old Armenian Կարին (Karin), a city which, spelled in Arabic قَالِيقَلَا (qālīqalā), was famed for rugs. Compare Arabic زَرْبِيَّة (zarbiyya, “rug”) supposedly being from the name of Azerbaijan.

bor

Arabic قَالِيقَلَا (qālīqalā)


خرید

Tajik: харид (xarid)

→ Armenian: խրիդ (xrid), խրիտ (xrit)

→ Azerbaijani: xirid

→ Gujarati: ખરીદ (kharīd)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: ख़रीद (xarīd)

Urdu: خَرِید (xarīd)

→ Ottoman Turkish: خرید (hirid)

→ Pashto: خريد (xarid)

→ Turkmen: haryt

→ Uzbek: xarid

→ Telugu: ఖరీదు (kharīdu)


اضافه

head

اضافه • (ezâfe) (plural اضافهها (ezâfe-hâ))

Dari: اضافه (izāfa)

Iranian Persian: اضافه (ezâfe)

→ Chinese:

Mandarin: 耶扎菲 (yēzhāfēi)

→ French: ézafé m

→ English: ezafe

→ Japanese: エザーフェ (ezāfe)

→ Korean: 에자페 (ejape)

Tajik: изофа (izofa)

→ Armenian: իզաֆետ (izafet)

→ Azerbaijani: izafət

→ Bengali: ইজাফা (izafa)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: इज़ाफ़ा (izāfā)

Urdu: اِضَافَہ (izāfa)

→ Kazakh: изафет (izafet)

→ Kumyk: изафат (izafat)

→ Kyrgyz: изафет (izafet)

desc

→ Ottoman Turkish: اضافه (izafe), اضافت (izafet)

Turkish: izafe, izafet, izâfe

→ Russian: изафе́т (izafét)

→ Ukrainian: ізафет (izafet)

→ Zazaki: izafe

→ Pashto: اضافه (ezāfá)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਇਜ਼ਾਫ਼ਾ (izāfā)

Shahmukhi script: اِضافَہ (īẓāfah)

→ Uzbek: izofat

etymon

ar>إِضَافَة>ʔiḍāfa

(grammar) the act of linking words with the ezafe grammatical particle


دیوانه

head

دیوانه • (divâne)

fa-noun

دیوانه • (divâne)

divâne (romanization)
دیوانهام (first-person predicative singular)
divâné-am (first-person predicative singular)
دیوونهام، دیوونم (colloquial first-person predicative singular)
divunám (first-person predicative singular)
دیوانهایم (first-person plural predicative)
divâné-im (first-person plural predicative)
دیوونهایم (colloquial first-person plural predicative)
divuné-im (first-person plural predicative)
دیوانهای (predicative second-person singular)
divâné-i (predicative second-person singular)
دیوونهای (colloquial predicative second-person singular)
divuné-i (predicative second-person singular)
دیوانهاید (plural predicative second-person)
divâné-id (plural predicative second-person)
دیوونهاین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
divuné-in (plural predicative second-person)
دیوانه است (predicative singular third-person)
divâné ast (predicative singular third-person)
دیوونهئه، دیوونس (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
divuné-e, divunás (predicative singular third-person)
دیوانهاند (plural predicative third-person)
divâné-and (plural predicative third-person)
دیوونهان، دیوونن (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
divuné-an, divunán (plural predicative third-person)

→ Armenian: դիվանա (divana)

→ Azerbaijani: divanə

→ Bashkir: диуана (diwana)

→ Bengali: দেওয়ানা (deōẇana)

→ Gilaki: دیوانه (divane)

→ Gujarati: દીવાનું (dīvānũ)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: दीवाना (dīvānā)

Urdu: دیوانہ (dīvānā)

desc

→ Kermanic: dīvūna, dīūna, dīvā̊na, dīyūne

→ Malay: déwana

Indonesian: dèwana

→ Marathi: दिवाणे (divāṇe)

→ Ormuri: دېوانه (dēwāna)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਦਿਵਾਨਾ (divānā), ਦੀਵਾਨਾ (dīvānā)

Shahmukhi script: دیوانہ (dīvānā).

→ Parachi: دیوانه (dīwāna)

→ Pashto: دېوانه (dewāná)

→ Sangisari: دیوانه (divâne)

→ Semnani: دیوانه (divånä)

→ Shahmirzadi: دیوونه (dīvūna)

→ Shughni: dēwunā

→ Sivandi: دیوانه (dīvā̊ne)

→ Talysh: دیوونه (divona)

→ Turkish: divane

→ Uzbek: devona

From Middle Persian [script needed] (dyw'nk' /dēwānag/, “demonic; crazy, insane”), from Proto-Iranian *daywánah (“demon possessed; insane, crazy”).

inh

گلها پرپرن ای وای،یک دیوانه در باغه
gol-hâ par-paran ey vây,yek divâne dar bâghe. (Iranian Reading)gul-hā par-paran ay wāy,yak dēwāna dar bāgha. (Dari Reading)
oh, the flowers are wilted, there's a madman in the garden.


فوتبالیست

head

فوتبالیست • (futbâlist)

fa-noun

فوتبالیست • (futbâlist)

(soccer) footballer (British); football player (Britain), soccer player (US, Canada, Australia)


کشمش

head

کشمش • (kešmeš)

fa-noun

کشمش • (kešmeš)

→ Arabic: كِشْمِش (kišmiš)

→ Assamese: কিচমিচ (kismis)

→ Azerbaijani: kişmiş

→ Bengali: কিশমিশ (kiśmiś)

→ Chagatai: كِشْمِش

→ Gujarati: કિશમિશ (kiśmiś)

→ Georgian: ქიშმიში (kišmiši)

→ Javanese: kismis

desctree

→ Malay: kismis (کيسميس)
Indonesian: kismis
→ Brunei Malay: kismis

→ Pashto: کشمش (kišmiš)

→ Ottoman Turkish: كشمش (kişmiş), كشمشك (kişmişk)
Turkish: kişmiş
→ Armenian: քիշմիշ (kʻišmiš), քիշնիշ (kʻišniš)

→ Tatar: кишмиш (kişmiş)

→ Russian: кишмиш (kišmiš)

→ Turkmen: kişmiş

→ Yagnobi: кишмиш (kišmiš)

[kʰʲiːʃ.míːʃ]

Unknown; possibly borrowed from Turkic, as the green, seedless variety used is said to originate in Bokhara, Uzbekistan. Compare Azerbaijani kişmiş (“raisin”).

sultana grape (Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera cv. Sultana)


کاست

head

کاست • (kâst)

fa-noun

کاست • (kâst)

Originally the 3rd person singular in the past tense of کاستن (kāstan, “to reduce”)


کاست

head

کاست • (kâset)

fa-noun

کاست • (kâset)

Borrowed from French cassette (“tape, cassette”)


چمن

→ Azerbaijani: çəmən

→ Gujarati: ચમન (caman)

→ Malay: taman
Indonesian: taman

desctree

→ Old Javanese: tāman
Javanese: ꦠꦩꦤ꧀ (taman)

→ Ottoman Turkish: چمن (çemen)

Related to چمیدن (čamidan, “to stroll, saunter”) and Old Armenian ճեմ (čem, “walk”), an Iranian borrowing. The senses "lawn" and "meadow" perhaps influenced by the Turkic. Compare Turkish çimen.


کاخ

کاخ گلستان

کاخ سفید

کاخ وستمینستر

کاخ باکینگهام

بناهای آباد گردد خراب ز باران و از تابش آفتاب، پی افگندم از نظم کاخی بلند که از باد و باران نیابد گزند.

The inhabited buildings will decay by rains and the heat of the sun. [However], I laid down a lofty palace out of [my] verse which will not be destroyed by gusts and rainfalls.

banâ-hâ-ye âbâd gardad xarâb ze bârân o az tâbeš-e âftâb, pey afgandam az nazm kâx-e boland ke az bâd o bârân nayâbad gazand.


انرژی هسته‌ای

head

انرژی هستهای

fa-noun

انرژی هستهای

انرژی هستهای (canonical)
enerži-ye haste-'i (romanization)

fa:انرژی هسته‌ای


خرمن

xarman (romanization)
xerman (romanization)

→ Azerbaijani: xırman

→ Chuvash: арман (arman)

→ Kazakh: қырман (qyrman)

→ Khalaj: xarman

→ Khorasani Turkish: xarman

→ Kyrgyz: кырман (kırman)

→ Laz: ხარმანი (xarmani)

→ Turkmen: harman

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: خرمن (hirmen, harmen, hermen), خرمان (harman)
Turkish: harman (with dialectal variants)
→ Armenian: հառման (haṙman), խարման (xarman)
→ Bulgarian: харма́н (harmán)
→ Macedonian: харман (harman)
→ Romanian: harman
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: ха̀рман
Latin script: hàrman

→ Uzbek: хирмон (xirmon)

→ Russian: хирма́н (xirmán)

The sense of a threshing floor is only a metonymy or clipping of خرمنگاه (xermangâh, literally “crop or sheave seat”) (badly: خرمانکاه (xermânkâh, “harvest-hay”)). The origin of the whole word is unknown.
If harvest breaks down to what is fitted into a long bag, somewhat of a غِرَارَة (ḡirāra), it may be the جِرَاب (jirāb, “pouch”) wanderwort, which surfaces suffixed in Arabic جِرْبَان (jirbān, “scabbard; belt; collar”) and in dubious candidates like Old Armenian գրապան (grapan, “hem; ephod; pocket”), as well derived from the seemingly perfectly unrelated Iranian uncles of گریبان (geribân, garibân, “collar”), or obscurely borrowed Russian карма́н (karmán, “pocket”).


خوانندگان

head

خوانندگان • (xânandegân)

خواننده خواننده#Persian


مسواک

مسواک • (mesvâk)

fa-noun

مسواک • (mesvâk)

Borrowed from Arabic مِسْوَاك (miswāk), derived from Middle Persian سواک (sevâk, “a teeth cleaning twig made from the arak tree”).

cog

Salvadora persica
Salvadora persica#Translingual

(archaic) miswak (a teeth-cleaning twig made from the toothbrush tree (Salvadora persica))


کلیه

head

کلیه • (kolye) (plural کلیهها (kolye-hâ))


کلیه

کلیه • (kolliyye) (plural کلیات (kolliyyât))

Borrowed from Arabic كُلِّيَّة (kulliyya).


میخک

→ Armenian: մեխակ (mexak)

→ Azerbaijani: mixək

→ Georgian: მიხაკი (mixaḳi)

From میخ (mix, “nail”) + ـک (-ak, “diminutive suffix”).


خبرنگار

head

خَبَرْنِگار • (xabarnegâr) (plural خبرنگاران (xabarnegârân))

خَبَرْنِگار (canonical)
xabarnegâr (romanization)
خبرنگاران (plural)

[xä.bäɾ.nɪ.ɡɑ́ːɾ]

[xä.bäɾ.nɪ.ɡɑ́ːɾ]

[xä.bäɾ.nɪ.ɡɑ́ːɾ]

[χä.bäɾ.ni.ɡɔ́ɾ]

From خَبَر (xabar, “news”) + نِگار (negâr).


دندان‌پزشک

دندانپزشک (canonical)
dandân-pezešk (romanization)


صدمه

صدمه • (sadame) (plural صدمات (sadamât) or صدمهها (sadame-hâ))

sadame (romanization)
صدمات (plural)
صدمهها (plural)

→ Bengali: সদমা (śodoma)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: सदमा (sadmā)

Urdu: صَدْمَہ (sadma)

→ Pashto: صدمه (sadamá)


شک

شک • (šak) (plural شکوک (šokuk) or شکها (šak-hâ))

šak (romanization)
شکوک (plural)
شکها (plural)

→ Armenian: շաք (šakʻ)

→ Azerbaijani: şəkk

→ Bashkir: шик (şik)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: शक (śak)

Urdu: شک (śak)

→ Phalura: šak

→ Kazakh: шәк (şäk), шек (şek)

→ Kurdish:

Northern Kurdish: şik

→ Punjabi: ਸ਼ੱਕ (śakka)

→ Sindhi: شڪ (shaku)

→ Tatar: шик (şik)

→ Uyghur: شەك (shek)

→ Uzbek: shak

→ Zazaki: şek


مهاجر

مهاجر • (mohâjer) (plural مهاجران (mohâjerân) or مهاجرین (mohâjerin))

mohâjer (romanization)
مهاجران (plural)
مهاجرین (plural)

→ Bengali: মুহাজির (muhajir)

→ Chagatai:

Uzbek: muhojir

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: मुहाजिर (muhājir)

Urdu: مُہَاجِر (muhājir)

[mo̞.ɦɑː.d͡ʒɪ́ɾ]

[mo̞.ɦɑː.d͡ʒɪ́ɾ]

[mʊ.wɑː.d͡ʒɪ́ɾ]

[mo.ɦɒː.d͡ʒéɹ]

Borrowed from Arabic مُهَاجِر (muhājir).

پرندگان مهاجر

مهاجرین ایرانی در استرالیا


ملیت

ملیت • (melliyyat) (plural ملیتها (melliyyat-hâ))

melliyyat (romanization)
ملیتها (plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish مِلِّیَّت (milliyyet). By surface analysis, ملت (millat, “nation”) + ـیت (-iyyat).


پزشک

head

پِزِشْک • (pezešk) (plural پزشکان (pezeškân))

پِزِشْک (canonical)
pezešk (romanization)
پزشکان (plural)
پزشک (singular)
pezešk (singular)
پزشکان (plural)
pezeškấn (plural)
پزشکا (colloquial plural)
pezeškấ (plural)
پزشک را (definite direct-object singular)
pezešk râ (definite direct-object singular)
پزشک رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
pezeško (definite direct-object singular)
پزشکان را (definite direct-object plural)
pezeškấn râ (definite direct-object plural)
پزشکا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
pezeškấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
پزشک (ezafe singular)
pezešk-e (ezafe singular)
پزشکان (ezafe plural)
pezeškấn-e (ezafe plural)
پزشکای (colloquial ezafe plural)
pezeškấ-ye (ezafe plural)
پزشکی (definite relative singular)
پزشکی (indefinite singular stressed)
pezešk-i (definite relative singular)
pezešk-i (indefinite singular stressed)
پزشکانی (definite plural relative)
پزشکانی (indefinite plural stressed)
pezeškấn-i (definite plural relative)
pezeškấn-i (indefinite plural stressed)
پزشکایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
پزشکایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
pezeškấi (definite plural relative)
pezeškấi (indefinite plural stressed)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (bcšk'), 𐫁𐫉𐫏𐫢𐫐 (bzyšk /bizešk/, “doctor, physician”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *bišajkah. Compare Iranian borrowing Old Armenian բժիշկ (bžišk). Further related to Sanskrit भिषज्यति (bhiṣajyati, “to heal”), भिषज् (bhiṣaj, “curing; medicine; doctor”).


محصول

head

محصول • (mahsul) (plural محصولات (mahsulât))

→ Gujarati: મહેસૂલ (mahesūl)


مست

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d-
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *matˢtás
Persian مست
From Middle Persian 𐭬𐭮𐭲 (mst /mast/, “drunk, bemused”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *matˢtás (“drunk, intoxicated”), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d- (“wet”). Cognate with Sanskrit मत्त (matta).

inh

(figurative) person who is intoxicated with or overcome with love for God; Sufi


جسد

head

جسد • (jasad) (plural اجساد (ajsâd) or جسدها (jasad-hâ))

jasad (romanization)
اجساد (plural)
جسدها (plural)

[d͡ʒä.säd̪̥]

[d͡ʒæ.sæd̪̥]


مسلسل

Borrowed from Arabic مُسَلْسَل (musalsal).


عاشق

head

عاشق • ('âšeq) (plural عاشقان ('âšeqân) or عشاق ('oššâq) or عاشقها ('âšeq-hâ))

'âšeq (romanization)
عاشقان (plural)
عشاق (plural)
عاشقها (plural)

→ Khalaj: âşıq


ملک

Borrowed from Arabic مَلَك (malak, “angel”).


ملک

Borrowed from Arabic مَلِك (malik, “king”).


ملک

Borrowed from Arabic مِلْك (milk, “property, estate”).


ملک

→ Assamese: মুলুক (muluk)

→ Bengali: মুলুক (muluk)

→ Gujarati: મુલક (mulak)

desctree

→ Old Hindi: मुलक (mulaka)
Hindustani:
Hindi: मुल्क (mulk)
Urdu: مُلْک (mulk)

→ Maithili

Devanagari script: मुलुक (muluk)

Tirhuta script: 𑒧𑒳𑒪𑒳𑒏 (muluk)

→ Marathi: मुलूख (mulūkh)

→ Marwari: मुलक (mulak)

→ Nepali: मुलुक (muluk)

→ Odia: ମୁଲକ (mulaka)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੁਲਕ (mulak)

Shahmukhi script: مُلَک (mulak)

→ Sindhi:

Arabic script: مُلْڪُ (mulku)

Devanagari script: मुल्कु (mulku)

Borrowed from Arabic مُلْك (mulk, “kingship, royalty, monarchy”).


ملک

Borrowed from Hindustani مونگ / मूँग (mūṅg)


چشم‌پزشک

head

چشمپزشک • (češm-pezešk)

fa-noun

چشمپزشک • (češm-pezešk)

چشمپزشک (canonical)
češm-pezešk (romanization)


پشیمانی

head

پشیمانی • (pašimâni)

fa-noun

پشیمانی • (pašimâni)


روان‌پزشک

روانپزشک (canonical)
ravân-pezešk (romanization)


پودر

head

پودْر • (pudr)

fa-noun

پودْر • (pudr)

پودْرِ لِباسشویی (Iranian Persian)


حنا

head

حنا • (hanâ)

fa-noun

حنا • (hanâ)

desc

Dari: حِنَا (hinā), حِنَاء (hinā') (prescribed, uncommon)

Iranian Persian: حنا (hanâ)

Tajik: ҳино (hino)

Bengali: হেনা (hena)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: हिना (hinā)

Urdu: حِنَا (hinā)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਹਿਨਾ (hinā)

Shahmukhi script: حِنَا (ḥinā)

Borrowed from Arabic حِنَّاء (ḥinnāʔ). See there for more.


بلیط

بلیت بلیت#Persian


بلیت

head

بلیت • (belit) (plural بلیتها (belit-hâ))

From French billet, either directly with a spelling pronunciation or through Russian билет (bilet).


بیکاری

بیکاری • (bikâri)

fa-noun

بیکاری • (bikâri)

→ Punjabi: ਬੇਕਾਰੀ (bekārī)


دیدگاه

head

دیدگاه • (didgâh) (plural دیدگاهها (didgâh-hâ))

[d̪iːd̪.ɡɑːʱ]

[d̪iːd̪.ɡɑːʱ]

[d̪iːd̪.ɡɑː]

[d̪iːd̪.ɡɒːʱ]


دادگاه

دادگاه • (dâdgâh) (plural دادگاهها (dâdgâh-hâ))

→ Urdu: داد گاہ (dād gāh)

[dɑːð.ˈɡɑːh]

[d̪ɑːd̪.ɡɑ́ːʱ]

[d̪ɑːd̪.ɡɑ́ːʱ]

[d̪ɑːd̪.ɡɑ́ː]

[d̪ɔːd̪.ɡɔ́ː]

[d̪ɒːd̪.ɡɒ́ːʰ]

[d̪ɔd̪.ɡɔ́ʱ]


کارگاه

کارْگاه • (kârgâh) (plural کارگاهها (kârgâh-hâ))

کارْگاه (canonical)
kârgâh (romanization)
کارگاهها (plural)

desc

→ Armenian: կարկահ (karkah), քարգահ (kʻargah)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: करघा (karghā), करगह (kargah) — obsolete

Urdu: کَرْگھا (karghā), کار گاہ (kār gāh), کَرْگا (kargā)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: گركف (gerkef), քէրկէֆ (kergef), կէրկէֆ (gergef) — Armeno-Turkish
Turkish: gergef — dialectal
→ Albanian: gjergjef
→ Armenian: քերկեֆ (kʻerkef)
→ Bulgarian: герге́ф (gergéf)
→ Greek: γκεργκέφι (gkergkéfi)
→ Macedonian: ѓерѓеф (ǵerǵef)
→ Romanian: gherghef
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: ђѐрђеф
Latin script: đèrđef

[kɑːɾ.ˈɡɑːh]

[kʰɑːɾ.ɡɑ́ːʱ]

[kʰɑːɾ.ɡɑ́ːʱ]

[kʰɑːɾ.ɡɑ́ː]

[kʰɔːɾ.ɡɔ́ː]

[kʰɒːɹ.ɡɒ́ːʰ]

From کار (kâr, “work”) + ـگاه (-gâh, “place of”).


دزد

From Middle Persian [script needed] (dwz, “thief”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš- (“bad, wrong”), from Proto-Indo-European *dus- (“bad, wrong”). From the same root comes also دشمن (došman, “enemy”). Cognate with Sanskrit दुस्- (dus-, “bad”), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬱- (duš-, “bad”) and Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “bad”).


خودکشی

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਖ਼ੁਦਕੁਸ਼ੀ (xudkuśī)

Shahmukhi script: خودکشی (xudkuśī)

From خود (xod, “self”) + کش (koš, “kill”) + ـی (-i, “-ing”).


خانواده

head

خانِوادِه • (xâne-vâde) (plural خانوادهها (xâne-vâde-hâ))

خانِوادِه (canonical)
xâne-vâde (romanization)
خانوادهها (plural)
خانوادهام (first-person possessive singular)
xânevâdé-am (first-person possessive singular)
خونوادم (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
xunevâdám (first-person possessive singular)
خانوادههایم (first-person possessive singular)
xânevâde-hấyam (first-person possessive singular)
خونوادههام (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
xunevâdeấm (first-person possessive singular)
خانوادهات (possessive second-person singular)
xânevâdé-at (possessive second-person singular)
خونوادت (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
xunevâdát (possessive second-person singular)
خانوادههایت (possessive second-person singular)
xânevâde-hấyat (possessive second-person singular)
خونوادههات (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
xunevâdeất (possessive second-person singular)
خانوادهاش (possessive singular third-person)
xânevâdé-aš (possessive singular third-person)
خونوادش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
xunevâdáš (possessive singular third-person)
خانوادههایش (possessive singular third-person)
xânevâde-hấyaš (possessive singular third-person)
خونوادههاش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
xunevâdeấš (possessive singular third-person)
خانوادهمان (first-person plural possessive)
(xânevâdé-(y)emân) (first-person plural possessive)
خونوادهمون، خانوادمون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
xunevâdámun (first-person plural possessive)
خانوادههایمان (first-person plural possessive)
xânevâde-hấyemân (first-person plural possessive)
خونوادههامون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
xunevâdeấmun (first-person plural possessive)
خانوادهتان (plural possessive second-person)
(xânevâdé-(y)etân) (plural possessive second-person)
خونوادهتون، خانوادتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
xunevâdátun (plural possessive second-person)
خانوادههایتان (plural possessive second-person)
xânevâde-hấyetân (plural possessive second-person)
خونوادههاتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
xunevâdeấtun (plural possessive second-person)
خانوادهشان (plural possessive third-person)
(xânevâdé-(y)ešân) (plural possessive third-person)
خونوادهشون، خانوادشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
xunevâdášun (plural possessive third-person)
خانوادههایشان (plural possessive third-person)
xânevâde-hấyešân (plural possessive third-person)
خونوادههاشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
xunevâdeấšun (plural possessive third-person)

af

انه (xâne, “house”) + واده (vâde, “origin, foundation”)

چندتا فرزند در این خانواده وجود دارد؟

čandta farzand dar in xânevâde vojud dârad?


سورنا

head

سورنا • (sornâ) (plural سورناها (sornâ-hâ))

سرنا سرنا#Persian


مهمات

Borrowed from Arabic مُهِمَّات (muhimmāt), plural of مُهِمَّة (muhimma).


خودرو

head

خودْرُو • (xodrow) (plural خودروها (xodrow-hâ))

خودْرُو (canonical)
xodrow (romanization)
خودروها (plural)

خود (xod, “self”) + رو (row, “present stem of رفتن (raftan, “to go”)”)

خودْرُوِ هیبْریدی


سوس

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


سره

From Middle Persian srg (sarag, “silk”) in srgyn (saragēn, “silken”). Compare Arabic سرق (saraq), a Middle Persian borrowing.


آفتاب

head

آفتاب • (âftâb)

fa-noun

آفتاب • (âftâb)

→ Azerbaijani: aftab

→ Bengali: আফতাব (aftab)

→ Chagatai:

Uyghur: ئاپتاپ (aptap)

Uzbek: oftob

→ Kazakh: аптап (aptap)

→ Classical Malay:

Indonesian: aftab

Malay: aftab

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: आफ़ताब (āftāb)

Urdu: آفتاب (āftāb)

→ Punjabi: ਆਫ਼ਤਾਬ (āfatāb)

→ Yagnobi: офтоб (oftob)

[ʔɑːf.ˈtɑːβ]

[ʔɑːf.t̪ʰɑ́ːb]

[ʔɑːf.t̪ʰɑ́ːb]

[ʔɔːf.t̪ʰɔ́ːb̥]

[ʔɒːf.t̪ʰɒ́ːb̥]

[ʔɔf.t̪ʰɔ́b]

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾptʾb /āftāb/, “sunshine”) (compare [Psalter Pahlavi needed] (ʾpdʾb /ābdāb/)), from Proto-Iranian *abi-tāpáh Equivalent to آف (âf) + تاب (tâb).

inh

Coordinate term: مهتاب (mahtâb, “moonlight”)

Coordinate term: ماه (mâh, “moon”)

از ره پنهان که دور از حس ماست
آفتاب چرخ را بس راههاست

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3779:

By the hidden way that is remote from our sense-perception.
The sun in heaven hath many ways

az rah-i pinhān ki dūr az hiss-i mā-st
āftāb-i čarx rā bas rāh-hā-st


شیراز

head

شیراز • (širâz)

fa-noun

شیراز • (širâz)

desc

→ Arabic: شِيرَاز (šīrāz)

→ Arabic: شِيرَاز (šīrāz)

شیر (šir, “milk”) + an uncertain second part; cognate to Central Kurdish شیرێژ (şîrêj), سیرێژ (sîrêj) and Gurani سیراج (sîrac). Compare Persian شیرزا (širzâ), شیرزاد (širzâd, “a fattening drug which gives an increase of milk”), in Classical Syriac recorded in the form ܫܝܪܙܝܕ (šyrzyd) by Bar Bahlul.


زمرد

→ Arabic: زُمُرُّد (zumurrud)

→ Malay: zamrud

→ Somali: sumurud

→ Swahili: zumaridi

→ Azerbaijani: zümrüd

→ Bengali: জমরুদ (zômrud)

→ Crimean Tatar: zumrut

→ Kazakh: зүмірет (zümıret)

→ Northern Kurdish: zimrûd

→ Mandarin: 祖母綠／祖母绿 (zǔmǔlǜ), 祖母绿 (zǔmǔlǜ)

→ Ottoman Turkish: زمرد (zümrüd, zümrüt)

> Turkish: zümrüt (inherited)

→ Middle Armenian: զմրութ (zmrutʻ)

> Armenian: զմրութ (zmrutʻ) (inherited)

→ Indonesian: zamrud

→ Lithuanian: zomorudas

→ Russian: изумру́д (izumrúd), зиморо́док (zimoródok)

→ Ukrainian: ізумру́д (izumrúd)

→ Chagatai:

Uyghur: زۇمرەت (zumret)

Uzbek: zumrad

From Early New Persian ازمرد (uzmurud), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾwzmbwlt /uzumburd/), from Ancient Greek σμάραγδος (smáragdos). Compare Old Armenian զմրուխտ (zmruxt), Old Georgian ზურმუხტი (zurmuxṭi), Iranian borrowings.


وطن

Tajik: ватан (vatan)

→ Bashkir: ватан (vatan)

→ Bengali: ওয়াতন (ōẇaton)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: वतन (vatan)

Urdu: وَطَن (vatan)

→ Kazakh: отан (otan)

→ Tatar: ватан (watan)

→ Turkmen: watan

→ Uyghur: ۋەتەن (weten)

→ Uzbek: vatan


پرده بکارت

fa:پرده بکارت


آهنگساز

head

آهنگساز • (âhangsâz)

fa-noun

آهنگساز • (âhangsâz)

[ʔɑː.ɦäŋɡ.sɑ́ːz]

[ʔɑː.ɦäŋɡ.sɑ́ːz]

[ʔɑːäŋɡ.sɑ́ːz]

[ʔɔːäŋɡ.sɔ́ːz]

[ʔɒː.ɦæɲɡʲ.sɒ́ːz]

[ʔɔ.ɦäŋɡ.sɔ́z]


آلبالو

head

آلبالو • (âlbâlu)

fa-noun

آلبالو • (âlbâlu)

[ʔɑːl.bɑː.lúː]

[ʔɑːl.bɑː.lúː]

[ʔɑːl.bɑː.lúː]

[ʔɒːl.bɒː.lúː]

Contraction of آلوبالو (âlubâlu) which has now become more common, although both are still in frequent use.


تولد

tavallod (romanization)
تولد (singular)
tavallod (singular)
تولدها (plural)
tavallod-hấ (plural)
تولدا (colloquial plural)
tavallodấ (plural)
تولد را (definite direct-object singular)
tavallod râ (definite direct-object singular)
تولد رو (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
tavallodo (definite direct-object singular)
تولدها را (definite direct-object plural)
tavallod-hấ râ (definite direct-object plural)
تولدا رو (colloquial definite direct-object plural)
tavallodấ ro (definite direct-object plural)
تولد (ezafe singular)
tavallod-e (ezafe singular)
تولدهای (ezafe plural)
tavallod-hấ-ye (ezafe plural)
تولدای (colloquial ezafe plural)
tavallodấ-ye (ezafe plural)
تولدی (definite relative singular)
تولدی (indefinite singular stressed)
tavallod-i (definite relative singular)
tavallod-i (indefinite singular stressed)
تولدهایی (definite plural relative)
تولدهایی (indefinite plural stressed)
tavallodấn-i, tavallod-hấ-i (definite plural relative)
tavallodấn-i, tavallod-hấ-i (indefinite plural stressed)
تولدایی (colloquial definite plural relative)
تولدایی (colloquial indefinite plural stressed)
tavallodấi (definite plural relative)
tavallodấi (indefinite plural stressed)
تولدم (first-person possessive singular)
tavallodam (first-person possessive singular)
تولدهایم (first-person possessive singular)
tavallod-hấyam (first-person possessive singular)
تولدهام، تولدام (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
tavallodấm (first-person possessive singular)
تولدت (possessive second-person singular)
tavallodat (possessive second-person singular)
Term? (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
tavallodet (possessive second-person singular)
تولدهایت (possessive second-person singular)
tavallod-hấyat (possessive second-person singular)
تولدهات، تولدات (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
tavallodất (possessive second-person singular)
تولدش (possessive singular third-person)
tavallodaš (possessive singular third-person)
Term? (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
tavallodeš (possessive singular third-person)
تولدهایش (possessive singular third-person)
tavallod-hấyaš (possessive singular third-person)
تولدهاش، تولداش (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
tavallodấš (possessive singular third-person)
تولدمان (first-person plural possessive)
tavallodemân (first-person plural possessive)
تولدمون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
tavallodemun (first-person plural possessive)
تولدهایمان (first-person plural possessive)
tavallod-hấyemân (first-person plural possessive)
تولدهامون، تولدامون (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
tavallodấmun (first-person plural possessive)
تولدتان (plural possessive second-person)
tavallodetân (plural possessive second-person)
تولدتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
tavallodetun (plural possessive second-person)
تولدهایتان (plural possessive second-person)
tavallod-hấyetân (plural possessive second-person)
تولدهاتون، تولداتون (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
tavallodấtun (plural possessive second-person)
تولدشان (plural possessive third-person)
tavallodešân (plural possessive third-person)
تولدشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
tavallodešun (plural possessive third-person)
تولدهایشان (plural possessive third-person)
tavallod-hấyešân (plural possessive third-person)
تولدهاشون، تولداشون (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
tavallodấšun (plural possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Arabic تَوَلُّد (tawallud).


شاهدان

head

شاهدان • (šâhedân)

شاهد شاهد#Persian


پرده

پرده • (parde) (plural پردهها (parde-hâ))

desc

→ Middle Armenian: փարդայ (pʻarday), փարտայ (pʻartay), փարդէ (pʻardē), փարտէ (pʻartē), փէրտա (pʻērta), փէրտէ (pʻērtē)

Armenian: փարդա (pʻarda), ֆարդա (farda)

→ Azerbaijani: pərdə

→ Bengali: পর্দা (porda)

→ Bashkir: пәрҙә (pərźə)

desctree

→ Georgian: ფარდა (parda)
→ Bats: ფარდ (pard)
→ Mingrelian: ფარო (paro)
→ Svan: ფარდა (parda)

→ Gulf Arabic: پرده

→ Malayalam: പർദ്ദ (paṟdda)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: परदा (pardā)

Urdu: پردہ (pardah)
→ English: purdah

→ Iraqi Arabic: پرده

→ Kazakh: перде (perde)

→ Punjabi: ਪਰਦਾ (pardā) / پردہ (parda)

→ Ottoman Turkish: پرده (perde)
Turkish: perde
→ Albanian: perde
→ Armenian: փէրտէ (pʻērtē)
→ Bulgarian: перде́ (perdé)
→ Greek: μπερντές (berntés)
→ Laz: ფერდე (perde)
→ Macedonian: перде (perde)
→ Romanian: perdea
→ Serbo-Croatian: перда / perda

→ Uyghur: پەردە (perde)

→ Uzbek: parda

From Middle Persian pltk' (pardag), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to cover, wrap; hide, cloth”). Cognate with Sanskrit पट (paṭa, “piece of cloth”), Northern Kurdish perî (“curtain; bridal curtain”), Central Kurdish پەردوو (perdû, “roofing material, such as leaves, barks, etc.”).
Compare also Old Armenian պարտակ (partak), Classical Syriac ܦܪܕܩܐ (pardəqā), Iranian borrowings.

cog

Rumi, "Ney-nameh", Masnavi-e Ma'navi
... پردههایش پردههای ما درید
... pardehâyaš, pardehâ-ye mâ darid

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(music) tone, a whole tone (musical interval equal (exactly or approximately) to two semitones)