شکفتن

head

شکفتن • (šekoftan) (present stem شکف (šekof))

šekoftan (romanization)
شکف (present stem)
شکفن (infinitive)
šekoftán (infinitive)
شکفتن (present stem)
šekof (present stem)
شکف (past stem)
šekoft (past stem)
شکفتننده (participle present)
šekofandé (participle present)
شکفه (participle past)
šekofté (participle past)
شکفتنم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
šekofam (aorist first-person indicative singular)
شکفتنی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
šekofi (aorist indicative second-person singular)
شکفتند (aorist indicative singular third-person)
šekofad (aorist indicative singular third-person)
شکفتنیم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
šekofim (aorist first-person indicative plural)
شکفتنید (aorist indicative plural second-person)
šekofid (aorist indicative plural second-person)
شکفتنند (aorist indicative plural third-person)
šekofand (aorist indicative plural third-person)
میشکفتنم (first-person indicative present singular)
mí-šekofam (first-person indicative present singular)
میشکفتنی (indicative present second-person singular)
mí-šekofi (indicative present second-person singular)
میشکفتند (indicative present singular third-person)
mí-šekofad (indicative present singular third-person)
میشکفتنیم (first-person indicative plural present)
mí-šekofim (first-person indicative plural present)
میشکفتنید (indicative plural present second-person)
mí-šekofid (indicative plural present second-person)
میشکفتنند (indicative plural present third-person)
mí-šekofand (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم میشکفتنم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dấram mí-šekofam (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری میشکفتنی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dấri mí-šekofi (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
دارد میشکفتند (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dấrad mí-šekofad (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم میشکفتنیم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dấrim mí-šekofim (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارید میشکفتنید (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dấrid mí-šekofid (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارند میشکفتنند (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dấrand mí-šekofand (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
شکفهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
šekofté-am (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
شکفهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
šekofté-i (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
شکفه است (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
šekofté ast (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
شکفهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
šekofté-im (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
شکفهاید (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
šekofté-id (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
شکفهاند (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
šekofté-and (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
شکفم (first-person indicative past singular)
šekoftam (first-person indicative past singular)
شکفی (indicative past second-person singular)
šekofti (indicative past second-person singular)
شکف (indicative past singular third-person)
šekoft (indicative past singular third-person)
شکفیم (first-person indicative past plural)
šekoftim (first-person indicative past plural)
شکفید (indicative past plural second-person)
šekoftid (indicative past plural second-person)
شکفند (indicative past plural third-person)
šekoftand (indicative past plural third-person)
میشکفم (first-person indicative past singular)
mí-šekoftam (first-person indicative past singular)
میشکفی (indicative past second-person singular)
mí-šekofti (indicative past second-person singular)
میشکف (indicative past singular third-person)
mí-šekoft (indicative past singular third-person)
میشکفیم (first-person indicative past plural)
mí-šekoftim (first-person indicative past plural)
میشکفید (indicative past plural second-person)
mí-šekoftid (indicative past plural second-person)
میشکفند (indicative past plural third-person)
mí-šekoftand (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم میشکفم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dấštam mí-šekoftam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی میشکفی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dấšti mí-šekofti (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشت میشکف (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dâšt mí-šekoft (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم میشکفیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dấštim mí-šekoftim (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتید میشکفید (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dấštid mí-šekoftid (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتند میشکفند (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dấštand mí-šekoftand (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
شکفه بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
šekofté búdam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
شکفه بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
šekofté búdi (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
شکفه بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
šekofté bud (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
شکفه بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
šekofté búdim (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
شکفه بودید (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
šekofté búdid (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
شکفه بودند (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
šekofté búdand (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
خواهم شکف (first-person future indicative singular)
xâhám šekoft (first-person future indicative singular)
خواهی شکف (future indicative second-person singular)
xâhí šekoft (future indicative second-person singular)
خواهد شکف (future indicative singular third-person)
xâhád šekoft (future indicative singular third-person)
خواهیم شکف (first-person future indicative plural)
xâhím šekoft (first-person future indicative plural)
خواهید شکف (future indicative plural second-person)
xâhíd šekoft (future indicative plural second-person)
خواهند شکف (future indicative plural third-person)
xâhánd šekoft (future indicative plural third-person)
بشکفتنم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
béšekofam (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بشکفتنی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
béšekofi (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بشکفتند (present singular subjunctive third-person)
béšekofad (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بشکفتنیم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
béšekofim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بشکفتنید (plural present second-person subjunctive)
béšekofid (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بشکفتنند (plural present subjunctive third-person)
béšekofand (plural present subjunctive third-person)
شکفه باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
šekofté bấšam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
شکفه باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
šekofté bấši (past second-person singular subjunctive)
شکفه باشد (past singular subjunctive third-person)
šekofté bấšad (past singular subjunctive third-person)
شکفه باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
šekofté bấšim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
شکفه باشید (past plural second-person subjunctive)
šekofté bấšid (past plural second-person subjunctive)
شکفه باشند (past plural subjunctive third-person)
šekofté bấšand (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بشکفتن (imperative second-person singular)
béšekof (imperative second-person singular)
بشکفتنید (imperative plural second-person)
béšekofid (imperative plural second-person)
شکفن (infinitive)
šekoftán (infinitive)
شکفتن (present stem)
šekof (present stem)
شکف (past stem)
šekoft (past stem)
شکفتننده (participle present)
šekofandé (participle present)
شکفه (participle past)
šekofté (participle past)
شکفتنم (aorist first-person indicative singular)
šekofam (aorist first-person indicative singular)
شکفتنی (aorist indicative second-person singular)
šekofi (aorist indicative second-person singular)
شکفتنه (aorist indicative singular third-person)
šekofe (aorist indicative singular third-person)
شکفتنیم (aorist first-person indicative plural)
šekofim (aorist first-person indicative plural)
شکفتنین (aorist indicative plural second-person)
šekofin (aorist indicative plural second-person)
شکفتنن (aorist indicative plural third-person)
šekofan (aorist indicative plural third-person)
میشکفتنم (first-person indicative present singular)
mí-šekofam (first-person indicative present singular)
میشکفتنی (indicative present second-person singular)
mí-šekofi (indicative present second-person singular)
میشکفتنه (indicative present singular third-person)
mí-šekofe (indicative present singular third-person)
میشکفتنیم (first-person indicative plural present)
mí-šekofim (first-person indicative plural present)
میشکفتنین (indicative plural present second-person)
mí-šekofin (indicative plural present second-person)
میشکفتنن (indicative plural present third-person)
mí-šekofan (indicative plural present third-person)
دارم میشکفتنم (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
dấram mí-šekofam (first-person indicative present progressive singular)
داری میشکفتنی (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
dấri mí-šekofi (indicative present progressive second-person singular)
داره میشکفتنه (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
dấre mí-šekofe (indicative present progressive singular third-person)
داریم میشکفتنیم (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
dấrim mí-šekofim (first-person indicative plural present progressive)
دارین میشکفتنین (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
dấrin mí-šekofin (indicative plural present progressive second-person)
دارن میشکفتنن (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
dấran mí-šekofan (indicative plural present progressive third-person)
شکفهام (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
šekoftám (first-person indicative perfect present singular)
شکفهای (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
šekoftí (indicative perfect present second-person singular)
شکفه (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
šekofté (indicative perfect present singular third-person)
شکفهایم (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
šekoftím (first-person indicative perfect plural present)
شکفهاین (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
šekoftín (indicative perfect plural present second-person)
شکفهان (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
šekoftán (indicative perfect plural present third-person)
شکفم (first-person indicative past singular)
šekoftam (first-person indicative past singular)
شکفی (indicative past second-person singular)
šekofti (indicative past second-person singular)
شکف (indicative past singular third-person)
šekoft (indicative past singular third-person)
شکفیم (first-person indicative past plural)
šekoftim (first-person indicative past plural)
شکفین (indicative past plural second-person)
šekoftin (indicative past plural second-person)
شکفن (indicative past plural third-person)
šekoftan (indicative past plural third-person)
میشکفم (first-person indicative past singular)
mí-šekoftam (first-person indicative past singular)
میشکفی (indicative past second-person singular)
mí-šekofti (indicative past second-person singular)
میشکف (indicative past singular third-person)
mí-šekoft (indicative past singular third-person)
میشکفیم (first-person indicative past plural)
mí-šekoftim (first-person indicative past plural)
میشکفین (indicative past plural second-person)
mí-šekoftin (indicative past plural second-person)
میشکفن (indicative past plural third-person)
mí-šekoftan (indicative past plural third-person)
داشتم میشکفم (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
dấštam mí-šekoftam (first-person indicative past progressive singular)
داشتی میشکفی (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
dấšti mí-šekofti (indicative past progressive second-person singular)
داشت میشکف (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
dấšt mí-šekoft (indicative past progressive singular third-person)
داشتیم میشکفیم (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
dấštim mí-šekoftim (first-person indicative past plural progressive)
داشتین میشکفین (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
dấštin mí-šekoftin (indicative past plural progressive second-person)
داشتن میشکفن (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
dấštan mí-šekoftan (indicative past plural progressive third-person)
شکفه بودم (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
šekofté búdam (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
شکفه بودی (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
šekofté búdi (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
شکفه بود (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
šekofté bud (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
شکفه بودیم (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
šekofté búdim (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
شکفه بودین (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
šekofté búdin (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
شکفه بودن (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
šekofté búdan (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
بشکفتنم (first-person present singular subjunctive)
béšekofam (first-person present singular subjunctive)
بشکفتنی (present second-person singular subjunctive)
béšekofi (present second-person singular subjunctive)
بشکفتنه (present singular subjunctive third-person)
béšekofe (present singular subjunctive third-person)
بشکفتنیم (first-person plural present subjunctive)
béšekofim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
بشکفتنین (plural present second-person subjunctive)
béšekofin (plural present second-person subjunctive)
بشکفتنن (plural present subjunctive third-person)
béšekofan (plural present subjunctive third-person)
شکفه باشم (first-person past singular subjunctive)
šekofté bấšam (first-person past singular subjunctive)
شکفه باشی (past second-person singular subjunctive)
šekofté bấši (past second-person singular subjunctive)
شکفه باشه (past singular subjunctive third-person)
šekofté bấše (past singular subjunctive third-person)
شکفه باشیم (first-person past plural subjunctive)
šekofté bấšim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
شکفه باشین (past plural second-person subjunctive)
šekofté bấšin (past plural second-person subjunctive)
شکفه باشن (past plural subjunctive third-person)
šekofté bấšan (past plural subjunctive third-person)
بشکفتن (imperative second-person singular)
béšekof (imperative second-person singular)
بشکفتنین (imperative plural second-person)
béšekofin (imperative plural second-person)

fa-conj-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">شکفن</i> (šekoftán) (literary Iranian Persian)

داشتیم میشکفیم

داشتم میشکفم

داشتید میشکفید

داشتی میشکفی

داشتند میشکفند

داریم میشکفتنیم

دارم میشکفتنم

دارید میشکفتنید

داری میشکفتنی

دارند میشکفتنند

دارد میشکفتند

fa-conj-colloq-head

Conjugation of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">شکفن</i> (šekoftán) (colloquial Tehrani)

داشتیم میشکفیم

داشتم میشکفم

داشتین میشکفین

داشتی میشکفی

داشتن میشکفن

داریم میشکفتنیم

دارم میشکفتنم

دارین میشکفتنین

داری میشکفتنی

دارن میشکفتنن

داره میشکفتنه

رستهای از کفر و خارستان او
چون گلی بشکفته در بستان هو

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3828:

Thou hast been delivered from unbelief and its thorn-thicket:
blossom like a rose in the cypress-garden of Hú (God).

rasta-ī az kufr u xārestān ō
čōn gul-ē bi-šikufta dar bastān-i hū

to open, to bloom, to blossom, to flourish


دراویش

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دَراوِیش • (darâviš)

دَراوِیش (canonical)
darâviš (romanization)

[d̪ä.ɾɑː.wíːʃ]

[d̪ä.ɾɑː.wíːʃ]

[d̪ä.ɾɑː.wíːʃ]

[d̪ä.ɾɔː.wíʃ]

[d̪æ.ɹɒː.víːʃ]

[d̪ä.ɾɔ.víʃ]

Borrowed from Arabic دَرَاوِيش (darāwīš).

bor+

دَرویش درویش#Persian


شکنج

شکنجه شکنجه#Persian

alternative form of شکنجه (šekanje, “torment; torture”)


بینایی

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بینایی • (binâyi)

fa-noun

بینایی • (binâyi)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਬੀਨਾਈ (bīnāī)

Shahmukhi script: بینایی (bīnāī)


ارد

Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭫𐭲𐭩 (ʾlty /ard/), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎫 (a-r-t /r̥taʰ/), from Proto-Iranian *Hr̥táh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥tás. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬴𐬀 (aṣ̌a, “truth”), Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “fixed order, truth”).

inh+

یکی شارستان نام شاپور گرد
برآورد و پرداخت در روز ارد

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Reign of Shāpūr”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

A city, by the name of Shāpūr-gird,
He raised up and erected, on the twenty-fifth day.

yakē šāristān nām šāpūr gird
bar-āward u pardāxt dar rōz-i ird

(obsolete) twenty-fifth day of the month


مناظره

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مناظره • (monâzare or monâzere) (plural مناظرات (monâzarât))

monâzare (romanization)
monâzere (romanization)
مناظرات (plural)

Borrowed from Arabic مُنَاظَرَة (munāẓara).

bor+

(poetry) poetic disputation (a genre of poetry)


چیغ

جِیغْ جیغ#Persian


چیق

جِیغْ جیغ#Persian


مقتضیات

مُقْتَضَيَات


پشته

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پشته • (pošte)

fa-noun

پشته • (pošte)


احتیاط

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احتیاط • (ehtiyât)

fa-noun

احتیاط • (ehtiyât)

[ʔe̞ɦ.t̪ʰi.jɑ́ːt̪]

[ʔe̞ɦ.t̪ʰi.jɑ́ːt̪]

[ʔɪ.t̪ʰi.jɑ́ːt̪]

دلم شکستی و رفتی خلاف شرط مودت
به احتیاط رو اکنون که آبگینه شکستی

c. 1260, Saʿdī, “Ghazal 522”, in دیوان سعدی [The Divān of Saʿdī]:

You broke my heart and left, against the rules of love.
Leave carefully now, for you have broken your mirror.

dil-am šikastī u raftī xilāf-i šart-i mawaddat
ba ihtiyāt raw aknūn ki ābgīna šikastī


شیاد

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شیاد • (šayâd)

fa-noun

شیاد • (šayâd)

[ʃä.jɔ́ːd̪̥]

[ʃæ.jɒ́ːd̪̥]

Pseudo-Arabism, from the root ش ي د. First attested in Gulistān, 1258.

(obsolete) public storyteller (in medieval times) [until 1600s]


مصا

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مصا • (masâ)

fa-noun

مصا • (masâ)


لباده

→ Armenian: լաբադա (labada)

→ Azerbaijani: ləbbadə

→ Georgian: ლაბადა (labada)

→ Gujarati: લબાદા (labādā)

Borrowed from Arabic لَبَّادَة (labbāda).


سلسله مراتب

By surface analysis, سلسله (selsele) + مراتب (marâteb).
Compare Arabic سِلْسِلَةُ مَراتِب (silsilatu marātib, “hierarchy”), Ottoman Turkish سلسله مراتب (silsile-i meratib, “hierarchy”), which is now replaced in modern Turkish by hiyerarşi.

cog

سِلْسِلَةُ مَراتِب


شیوع

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شیوع • (šoyu')

fa-noun

شیوع • (šoyu')


شاخص

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شاخص • (šâxes)

fa-noun

شاخص • (šâxes)

شاخص توده بدنی

شاخص آلودگی هوای تهران


آنزیم

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آنزیم • (ânzim)

fa-noun

آنزیم • (ânzim)


افتتاحیه

[ʔɪf.t̪ʰɪ.t̪ʰɑː.ɦi.jǽ]

[ʔɪf.t̪ʰɪ.t̪ʰɑː.ɦi.jǽ]

[ʔɪf.t̪ʰɪ.t̪ʰɑːj.jǽ]

Borrowed from Arabic اِفْتِتَاحِيَّة (iftitāḥiyya). By surface analysis, افتتاح (eftetâh) + ـیه (-iyye).

bor+

اِفْتِتَاحِيَّة


آموسنی

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آموسنی • (āmūsnī or āmwisnī)

fa-noun

آموسنی • (āmūsnī or āmwisnī)

āmūsnī (romanization)
āmwisnī (romanization)

Borrowed from a Northwestern Iranian or Central Iranian term descending from Proto-Iranian *hapáθniH (“co-wife”).


اوتیسم

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اوتیسم • (otism)

fa-noun

اوتیسم • (otism)


مگ

Perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit मगध (magadha), the land of the Buddha, in reference to the people's Buddhist faith and their kings' claim of descent from Magadha. Compare Bengali মাঘ (magh, “Arakanese”), Bengali মগ (mog, “Arakanese”).


رفو

Borrowed from Arabic رَفْو (rafw, “finedrawing”)

bor+

چون شکسته بند آمد دست او
پس رفو باشد یقین اشکست او

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3882:

Inasmuch as His hand binds what is broken,
it follows that His breaking is assuredly mending.

čōn šikasta band āmad dast-i ō
bas rafū bāšad yaqīn aškast-i ō


لاکشه

head

لاکشه • (lâkše)

fa-noun

لاکشه • (lâkše)

لخشک لخشک#Persian


لاخشه

head

لاخشه • (lâxše, lāxiša)

fa-noun

لاخشه • (lâxše, lāxiša)

lâxše (romanization)
lāxiša (romanization)

لخشک لخشک#Persian


درو

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *drauH-. Cognate with Pashto لو (law, “reaping, harvest”).

موسم درو


نمایشگاه

head

نمایشگاه • (namâyešgâh)

fa-noun

نمایشگاه • (namâyešgâh)

fair, exhibition, gallery (both the place and event)


گاوسار

head

گاوسار • (gâvsâr) (plural گاوسارها (gâvsâr-hâ))

[ɡɑːw.ˈsɑːɾ]

[ɡɑːw.sɑ́ːɾ]

[ɡɑːw.sɑ́ːɾ]

[ɡɑːw.sɑ́ːɾ]

[ɡ̥ɒːv.sɒ́ːɹ]

From گاو (gâv, “cow, ox”) + سار (sâr, variant of سر (sar, “head”)).

af

سار
<pos:variant of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">سر</i> (sar, “head”)>

فریدونش را نیز با گاوسار
بفرمود کردن برانجا نگار

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The reign of Gushtāsp”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

He ordered that they paint on there
Fereydun as well, with his ox-headed mace.

firēdūn-aš rā nēz bā gāwsār
bifarmūd kardan bar ānjā nigār

(historical) mace adorned with the head of an ox


پایندگی

[pʰɑː.jän̪.d̪ä.ɡíː]

[pʰɑː.jän̪.d̪ä.ɡíː]

[pʰɑː.jän̪.d̪ä.ɡíː]

[pʰɔː.jän̪.d̪ä.ɡí]

[pʰɒː.jæn̪d̪e.ɡʲíː]

Derived from پاینده (pâyande, “lasting; faithful”)

firmness, permanence, stability, durability

ظاهرش مرگ و به باطن زندگی
ظاهرش ابتر نهان پایندگی

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3298:

’Tis death outwardly but life inwardly:
apparently ’tis a cutting-off, in secret ’tis permanence.

zāhir-aš marg u ba bātin zandagī
zahir-aš abtar nihān pāyandagi


فاتحه

head

فاتحه • (fâtehe) (plural فواتح or فاتحهها)

fâtehe (romanization)
فواتح (plural)
فاتحهها (plural)

[fɑː.t̪ʰe̞.ɦǽ]

[fɑː.t̪ʰe̞.ɦǽ]

(Dari) funeral, requiem (gathering held to honor and remember someone who has died)

(Dari) condolence (gathering held to comfort or support the friends and family of someone who died)


امساک

امساک • (emsâk)

fa-noun

امساک • (emsâk)


کاواک

head

کاواک • (kâvâk)

fa-noun

کاواک • (kâvâk)

[kʰɒː.vɒːkʲ]

Dehkhoda Dictionary
Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute
University of Tehran Press

From کاو (kâv, present stem of کاویدن (kâvidan, “to burrow, to dig, to search deeply, to investigate”)) + ـاک (-âk, suffix that forms the active participle from the present verb stem). The suffix is an alternative form of ـا (-â), which originates from Middle Persian -ʾk' (/-āg/). Refer to خوراک (xorâk, “food”) for another example of a word that ends this alternative form of ـا (-â), and to گویا (gôyâ, “capable of speech”) or رسا (resâ, “audible”) for examples of words that ends in the standard form of the suffix.
Alternatively, it may be from Turkic.

af

کاو
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">کاویدن</i> (kâvidan, “to burrow, to dig, to search deeply, to investigate”)>

ـاک
<pos:suffix that forms the active participle from the present verb stem>

ref

Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “کاواک”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “āg”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 6


سرای سپنج

[sä.ɾɑ́ː.jɪ sɪ.pʰǽnd͡ʒ]

[sä.ɾɑ́ː.jɪ sɪ.pʰǽnd͡ʒ]

[sä.ɾɑ́ː.jɪ sɪ.pʰǽnd͡ʒ]

Literally, “temporary house; lodging of a guest.”

lit

بدو مرغ گفت ای دلارای رنج
چه جویی همی زین سرای سپنج

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The reign of Iskandar”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

The bird said to him, "O you who adorn your heart with pain,
Why are you seeking out this temporary world?"

bad-ō murğ guft ay dilārā-yi ranj
či jūyī hamē z-īn sarāy-i sipanj


جهاندار

head

جهاندار • (jahândâr) (plural جهانداران (jahândârân))

jahândâr (romanization)
جهانداران (plural)

[d͡ʒä.ɦɑːn̪.d̪ɑ́ːɾ]

[d͡ʒä.ɦɑːn̪.d̪ɑ́ːɾ]

[d͡ʒɑːɑːn̪.d̪ɑ́ːɾ]

[d͡ʒɔːɔːn̪.d̪ɔ́ːɾ]

[d͡ʒæ.ɦɒːn̪.d̪ɒ́ːɹ]

[d͡ʒä.ɦɔn̪.d̪ɔ́ɾ]

From جهان (jahân, “world”) + دار (dâr, present stem of داشتن (dâštan, “to have, to hold”)).

af

دار
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">داشتن</i> (dâštan, “to have, to hold”)>

جهاندار محمود شاه بزرگ
به آبشخور آرد همی میش و گرگ

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “Introduction”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

The world-lord Mahmūd, the great king
Brings the sheep and wolf [together in peace] at the watering-place.

jahāndār mahmūd šāh-i buzurg
ba ābišxwar ārad hamē mēš u gurg

(historical) "possessor of the world": a laudatory title of kings.


تحکم

[t̪ʰä.ɦäk.kʰʊ́m]

[t̪ʰä.ɦäk.kʰʊ́m]

[t̪ʰɑːäk.kʰʊ́m]

[t̪ʰɔːäk.kʰúm]

[t̪ʰæ.ɦækʲ.kʰóm]

Borrowed from Arabic تَحَكُّم (taḥakkum).

bor+

مرا از بعد پنجه ساله اسلام
نزیبد چون صلیبی بند بر پا
روم ناقوس بوسم زین تحکم
شوم زنار بندم زین تعدا

c. 1180, Khāqānī, “Qaṣīda 8”, in دیوان خاقانی:

After fifty years of Islam for me,
I do not deserve crucifying chains on my feet.
I shall go kiss the church-bell out of this highhandedness,
I shall become a girdle-wearer out of this oppression.

ma-rā az ba'd-i panjah sāla islām
na-zēbad čūn salībī band bar pā
rawam nāqūs bōsam z-īn tahakkum
šawam zunnār band-am z-īn ta'adda


دد

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dt' /dad/), 𐫅𐫅 (dd /dad/).

inh+

دی شیخ با چراغ همیگشت گرد شهر
کز دیو و دد ملولم و انسانم آرزوست

c. 1250, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, “Ghazal 441”, in دیوان شمس تبریزی [Dīvān-i Shams-i Tabrīzī]:

Yesterday the shaykh was circling the city with a lantern,
For I am sick of demons and beasts, and a human being is my desire.

dī šayx bā čirāğ hamē-gašt gird-i šahr
k-az dēw u dad malūl-am u insān-am ārzō-st


استحکامات

head

استحکامات • (estehkâmât)

fa-noun

استحکامات • (estehkâmât)

[ʔɪs.t̪ʰe̞ɦ.kʰɑː.mɑ́ːt̪]

Arabic plural of استحکام (estehkâm), from Arabic اِسْتِحْكَام (istiḥkām, “intensification, becoming fortified”). Probably a calque of French fortification, likely via Ottoman Turkish استحكامات (istihkamat).

bor

اِسْتِحْكَام

(military) fortification (especially one that fully encircles the defended position)


مصلا

Borrowed from Arabic مُصَلًّى (muṣallan).

bor+

بده ساقی میِ باقی که در جنت نخواهی یافت
کنار آب رکنآباد و گلگشت مصلا را

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 3”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divan of Hafez]:

Wine-pourer, give the rest of the wine! For you will not find in paradise
The bank of the waters of Ruknābād, nor the rose-path of the musallā.

bidih sāqī may-yi bāqī ki dar jannat na-xwāhī yāft
kanār-i āb-i rukn-ābād u gulgašt-i musallā rā

musalla; place for public prayer, especially a field outside the building of the mosque

از تائبی سر تافته صد توبه برهم بافته
چون بوی زلفش یافته می بر مصلا ریخته

early 1200s, Farīd ud-Dīn ʿAṭṭār, “Ghazal 706”, in دیوان عطار:

The head turned away from piety, a hundred repentances entangled,
When the scent of her locks was found, wine poured on the prayer rug.

az tā'ibī sar tāfta sad tawba bar-ham bāfta
čūn bōy-i zulf-aš yāfta may bar musallā rēxta

زاهد چه کشی اینهمه بر دوش مصلا
بردار سبوی من و رندانه نگه دار

c. 1580, Vahshī Bāfqī, “Ghazal 225”, in گزیده اشعار [Selected Poems]:

Ascetic, why haul a prayer rug on your shoulders all this time?
Pick up my wine pitcher and look around like a villain!

zāhid či kašī īnhama bar dōš musallā
bardār sabō-yi man u rindāna nigah dār


طاجین

head

طاجین • (tâjin)

fa-noun

طاجین • (tâjin)

[t̪ʰɑː.d͡ʒíːn]

[t̪ʰɒː.d͡ʒíːn]

Borrowed from Moroccan Arabic طجين (ṭajīn), طاجين (ṭājīn).


بیداری

head

بیداری • (bidâri)

fa-noun

بیداری • (bidâri)

Compound of بیدار (bidâr, “awake”) + ی (i, nominalizing suffix)

compound

ز آنکه بیگلزار بلبل خامش است
غیبت خورشید بیداری کش است

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 41:

Because the nightingale is silent without the rose-garden:
the absence of the sun kills (the nightingale's) wakefulness.

za ānki bē-gulzār bulbul xāmuš ast
ğaybat-i xwarshēd bēdārī kuš ast


فلاته

filāta (romanization)
fulāta (romanization)

Inherited from Middle Persian, whence Arabic فَلَاتَج (falātaj), and apparently further Arabic forms from which Neo-Persian alternative forms were derived.

A sweetmeat manufactured from molasses into which milk and nuts are cooked


فره

firih (romanization)
firah (romanization)

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (fryyh, fryh /frēh/, “more”) in its compound form [Book Pahlavi needed] (frh, fryh /frah, freh/, “more”), attested also in derivatives 𐫛𐫡𐫆𐫏𐫅 (prẖyd /frahīd/), 𐫜𐫡𐫆𐫏𐫅 (frẖyd /frahīd/, “many”) and [Book Pahlavi needed] (prhyst(') /frahist/, “most”), itself comparative of Old Persian 𐎱𐎽𐎺 (paruv, “much, many, too much, very”), from Proto-Iranian *pr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Húš.


فرنه

Inherited from Middle Persian, whence also Arabic فُرْنُق (furnuq, “bad, spoiled, mismanaged”).


افترا

head

افترا • (efterâ)

fa-noun

افترا • (efterâ)

[ʔɪf.t̪ʰɪ.ɾɑ́ː]

[ʔɪf.t̪ʰɪ.ɾɑ́ː]

[ʔɪf.t̪ʰɪ.ɾɑ́ː]

Borrowed from Arabic اِفْتِرَاء (iftirāʔ).


دخالت

Borrowed from Arabic دَخَّالَة (daḵḵāla).

روحی صفت خاطرنشان کرد: میانجیگری پاکستان بین نیروهای طالبان موقتی است؛ زیرا برخی از آنها مخالف دخالت پاکستان در امور افغانستان هستند و به نظر میرسد در آیندهای نزدیک شاهد انشعاب در طالبان باشیم[…]

2021 October 6, “میانجیگری پاکستان بین نیروهای طالبان موقتی است”, in imna.ir, Iran Metropolis News Agency:

Rowhi Sefat noted that Pakistan's mediation between Taliban forces is temporary, given that some of the [latter] are opposed to Pakistani intervention in Afghanistan's affairs, and it appears that we will witness a schism in the Taliban in the near future […]

rowhi sefat xâternešân kard: miyânji-gari-ye pâkestân beyn-e niru-hâ-ye tâlebân movaqqati ast; zirâ barxi az ânhâ moxâlef-e dexâlat-e pâkestân dar omur-e afğânestân hastand va be nazar mi-resad dar âyande-ye nazdik šâhed-e enše'âb dar tâlebân bâšim […]


اجساد

head

اجساد • (ajsâd)

[ʔad͡ʒ.ˈsɑːð]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.sɑ́ːd̪]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.sɑ́ːd̪]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.sɑ́ːd̪]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.sɔ́ːd̪̥]

[ʔæd͡ʒ.sɒ́ːd̪̥]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.sɔ́d̪]


سرگین

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (slgyn' /sargēn/), from Proto-Iranian *cákr̥, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćákr̥, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱókʷr̥. Cognate with Sanskrit शकृत् (śakṛt, “dung, manure”), Ancient Greek κόπρος (kópros, “dung, manure”).


فلامینگو

head

فلامینگو • (felâmingo) (plural فلامینگوها (felâmingo-hâ))

felâmingo (romanization)
فلامینگوها (plural)


پلیکان

پلیکان • (pelikân)

fa-noun

پلیکان • (pelikân)

Borrowed from English pelican or French pélican.


دلتنگی

deltangi (romanization)
دلتنگی
deltangi
دلتنگی (ezafe)
deltangi-e (ezafe)
دلتنگیی (definite relative)
دلتنگیی (indefinite stressed)
deltangi-i (definite relative)
deltangi-i (indefinite stressed)
دلتنگیم (first-person possessive singular)
deltangiam (first-person possessive singular)
دلتنگیمان (first-person plural possessive)
deltangiemân (first-person plural possessive)
Term? (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
deltangiemun (first-person plural possessive)
دلتنگیت (possessive second-person singular)
deltangiat (possessive second-person singular)
Term? (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
deltangiet (possessive second-person singular)
دلتنگیتان (plural possessive second-person)
deltangietân (plural possessive second-person)
Term? (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
deltangietun (plural possessive second-person)
دلتنگیش (possessive singular third-person)
deltangiaš (possessive singular third-person)
Term? (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
deltangieš (possessive singular third-person)
دلتنگیشان (plural possessive third-person)
deltangiešân (plural possessive third-person)
Term? (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
deltangiešun (plural possessive third-person)
دلتنگیم (first-person predicative singular)
deltangiam (first-person predicative singular)
دلتنگییم (first-person plural predicative)
deltangiim (first-person plural predicative)
دلتنگیی (predicative second-person singular)
deltangii (predicative second-person singular)
دلتنگیید (plural predicative second-person)
deltangiid (plural predicative second-person)
دلتنگیین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
deltangiin (plural predicative second-person)
دلتنگی است (predicative singular third-person)
deltangi ast (predicative singular third-person)
دلتنگیه (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
deltangie (predicative singular third-person)
دلتنگیند (plural predicative third-person)
deltangiand (plural predicative third-person)
دلتنگین (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
deltangian (plural predicative third-person)

[d̪ɪl̪.t̪ʰäŋ.ɡiː]

[d̪ɪl̪.t̪ʰäŋ.ɡiː]

[d̪ɪl̪.t̪ʰäŋ.ɡiː]

[d̪el̪.t̪ʰæɲ.ɡʲiː]


مشاطه

head

مشاطه • (maššâte)

fa-noun

مشاطه • (maššâte)

[mäʃ.ʃɑː.t̪ʰǽ]

[mäʃ.ʃɑː.t̪ʰǽ]

[mäʃ.ʃɑː.t̪ʰǽ]

[mäʃ.ʃɔː.t̪ʰǽ]

[mæʃ.ʃɒː.t̪ʰé]

[mäʃ.ʃɔ.t̪ʰǽ]

Borrowed from Arabic مَشَّاطَة (maššāṭa).

bor+

چه فتنه بود که مشاطهٔ قضا انگیخت
که کرد نرگس مستش سیه به سرمهٔ ناز

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 258”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divan of Hafez]:

What was this strife that Fate, the maid, created
When she made [the beloved's] narcissus-like eyes black with the kohl [eyeshadow] of flirtatiousness?

či fitna būd ki maššāta-yi qazā angēxt
ki kard nargis-i mast-aš siyah ba sarma-yi nāz


مقبره

head

مقبره • (maqbare) (plural مقابر (maqâber) or مقبرهها (maqbare-hâ))

maqbare (romanization)
مقابر (plural)
مقبرهها (plural)

Borrowed from Arabic مَقْبَرَة (maqbara).

bor+

عبدالله بن مبارک مردی را دید که بین زبالهدانی و مقبرهای ایستاده است. گفت: ای فلان، تو بین دو گنجینه از گنجینههای دنیائی ایستادهای، گنج اموال و گنج مردان.

Abdullāh ibn Mubārak saw a man who was standing between a rubbish dump and a cemetery. He said: "Oh so-and-so, you are standing between two of the treasure-houses of the present world: the treasury of wealth, and the treasury of men."

abdullāh bin mubārak mardē rā dīd ki bayn-i zubāla-dānē u maqbara'ē īstāda ast. guft: ay fulān, tu bayn-i du ganjīna az ganjīna-hā-yi dunyā'i īstāda'ī, ganj-i amwāl u ganj-i mardān.


زهکشی

[zäɦ.kʰä.ʃíː]

[zäɦ.kʰä.ʃíː]

[zɑː.kʰä.ʃíː]

[zɔː.kʰä.ʃí]

[zæɦ.kʰʲæ.ʃíː]

[zæɦ.kʰʲe.ʃíː]

[zäɦ.kʰä.ʃí]

زه (zah, “water source”) + کش (keš, present stem of کشیدن (kešidan, “to draw”)) + ـی (-i).

af

کش
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">کشیدن</i> (kešidan, “to draw”)>


باطلاق

head

باطلاق • (bâtlâq)

fa-noun

باطلاق • (bâtlâq)

باتلاق باتلاق#Persian


نمایشگر

head

نمایشگر • (namâyešgar)

fa-noun

نمایشگر • (namâyešgar)

[nä.mɑː.jɪʃ.ɡǽɾ]


مخموری

چشمت به غمزه خانهی مردم خراب کرد
مخموریت مباد که خوش مست میروی

c. 1390, Hafez, “Ghazal 486”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divan of Hafez]:

A wink from your eyes has ruined the house of men,
You are leaving very drunk: may you not be languorous!

čašm-at ba ğamza xāna-yi mardum xarāb kard
maxmūrī-yat ma-bād ki xwaš mast mē-rawī


تسلیت

Borrowed from Arabic تَسْلِيَة (tasliya).


اهمال

head

اهمال • (ehmâl)

fa-noun

اهمال • (ehmâl)

[ʔe̞ɦ.mɑ́ːl]

[ʔe̞ɦ.mɑ́ːl]

[ʔeɦ.mɒ́ːl̥]

در بیانیه حماس آمده است: شهادت فرمانده اسیر ولید دقه (۶۲ ساله) از باقه غربی در سرزمینهای اشغالی ۱۹۴۸ را که ۳۸ سال در بند اسارت بود و از بیماری سرطان رنج میبرد و در نهایت در نتیجه سیاست اهمال پزشکی عامدانه در زندان رژیم اشغالگر و جنایتکار به شهادت رسید را به ملت بزرگ فلسطین و امت اسلامی و عربی و آزادگان جهان تسلیت عرض میگوئیم.

2024 April 7, “حماس و جهاد اسلامی شهادت اسیر فلسطینی را تسلیت گفتند”, in irna.ir, Islamic Republic News Agency:

dar bayâniye-ye hamâs âmade ast: šahâdat-e farmândeh-e asir valid daqqe (62 sâle) az bâqe-ye ğarbi dar sarzamin-hâ-ye ešğâli-ye 1948 râ ke 38 sâl dar band-e asârat bud va az bimâri-ye saratân ranj mi-bord va dar nehâyat dar natije-ye siyâsat-e ehmâl-e pezeški-ye âmedâne dar zendân-e režim-e ešğalgar va jenâyatkâr be šahâdat rasid râ be mellat-e bozorg-e felastin va ommat-e eslâmi va arabi va âzâdegân-e jahân tasliyat arz mi-guyim.


بیگ‌زاده

head

بیگزاده • (beygzâde)

fa-noun

بیگزاده • (beygzâde)

بیگزاده (canonical)
beygzâde (romanization)


فرزین

From Middle Persian 𐭯𐭫𐭲𐭱𐭩𐭭 (frazēn /plcyn'/, “guard, (chess) queen”).

inh

از سفر بیدق شود فرزین راد
وز سفر یابید یوسف صد مراد

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 535:

Through travel the pawn becomes a noble queen,
and through travel Joseph gained a hundred objects of desire.

az safar baydaq šawad farzīn-i rād
waz safar yābīd Yūsuf sad murād


بیگار

head

بیگار • (bigâr)

fa-noun

بیگار • (bigâr)

Inherited from Middle Persian byk'l (/bēgār/, “corvee, forced labour”).

ref

MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “bēgār”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 18

گفت عیسی یا رب این اسرار چیست
میل این ابله در این بیگار چیست

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 149:

Jesus cried, “O Lord, what are these hidden purposes (of Thine)?
What is (the meaning of) this fool's inclination (to engage) in this fruitless work?

guft 'Isa yā Rab īn asrār čīst
mayl īn abla dar īn bēgār čīst


دستان

head

دستان • (dastân)

fa-noun

دستان • (dastân)

[d̪äs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[d̪äs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[d̪äs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[d̪äs.t̪ʰɔ́ːn]

[d̪æs.t̪ʰɒ́ːn]

داستان داستان#Persian

Alternative form of داستان (dâstân, “story, tale”).

خود گرفتی این عصا در دست راست
دست را دستان موسی از کجاست

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 147:

(Suppose that) thou hast grasped this rod firmly in thy hand:
whence will accrue to thy hand the cunning of Moses?

xwad giriftī īn asā dar dast rāst
dast rā dastān-i Mūsā az kujā-st

هر مرغ به دستانی در گلشن شاه آمد
بلبل به نواسازی حافظ به غزلگویی

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 495”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

Every bird has come to the king's rose garden with a melody;
The nightingale by singing tunes, Ḥāfiẓ by uttering love poems.

har murğ ba dastānē dar gulšan-i šāh āmad
bulbul ba nawāsāzī hāfiz ba ğazal-gūyī


پالوانه

head

پالوانه • (pâlvâne)

fa-noun

پالوانه • (pâlvâne)

Cognate to Central Kurdish باڵندە (ballinde), پاڵوانە (pallwane), پاڵووێنە (palluwêne). The elements parse as برز (burz, “high”) + Middle Persian 𐫇𐫀𐫏- (wāy-, “to fly, to soar”, from Proto-Iranian *wáyHti) + ـه (-a, notorious noun-deriving suffix).

af

from Proto-Iranian <i class="Latn mention" lang="iir-pro">*wáyHti</i>


همسايه

head

همسايه • (hamsāye)


گرافیست

گرافیست • (gerâfist)

fa-noun

گرافیست • (gerâfist)

[ɡʲe.ɹɒː.fíːst̪]


هجو

نه یکی را به خشم کردم هجو
نه یکی را به طمع بستودم
به هوا و به شهوت نفسی
جان پاكيزه را نیالودم

Not a single person did I lampoon in anger,
Not a single person did I praise out of greed.
I did not sully my pristine soul
With the lust and libido of the self.

na yakē rā ba xišm kardam hajw
na yakē rā ba tama' bisutūdam
ba hawā u ba šahwat-i nafsī
jān-i pākīza rā nay-ālūdam

genre of classical poetry dedicated to mockery of someone, often vulgar


تصویرگر

[t̪ʰäs.wiːɾ.ɡǽɾ]

[t̪ʰæs.viːɹ.ɡʲǽɹ]


مسگر

From مس (mes, “copper”) + ـگر (-gar, “-er”).


منزلت

Borrowed from Arabic مَنْزِلَة (manzila).


تکیه‌خانه

head

تکیهخانه • (takye-xâne) (plural تکیهخانهها (takye-xâne-hâ))

تکیهخانه (canonical)
takye-xâne (romanization)
تکیهخانهها (plural)

→ Uzbek: takyaxona

تکیه تکیه#Persian


بدرقه

[bæd̪.ɹæ.ʁé]

Borrowed from Turkic, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *badrak (“banner, flag”) which escorts the convoy.

همتم بدرقهٔ راه کن ای طایر قدس
که دراز است ره مقصد و من نوسفرم

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 328”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

Make your high-mindedness my escort on the road, o sacred bird,
For the way to the destination is long, and I am a man new to travel.

himmat-am badraqa-yi rāh kun ay tāyir-i quds
ki darāz ast rah-i maqsad u man nawsafar-am

escort, company (sending someone off on the road)


خاصیت

خاصیت • (xâsiyyat) (plural خصائص (xasâ'es))

Borrowed from Arabic خَاصِّيَّة (ḵāṣṣiyya).

bor+

گرگ را خود خاصیت بدریدن است
این حسد در خلق آخر روشن است

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 231:

To rend is the instinct of the wolf:
after all, this envy is conspicuous in mankind.”

gurg rā xwad xāsiyyat bi-darīdan ast
īn hasad dar xalq āxir rawšan ast


حسینیه

head

حسینیه • (hoseyniyye) (plural حسینیهها (hoseyniyye-hâ))

hoseyniyye (romanization)
حسینیهها (plural)

Borrowed from Arabic حُسَيْنِيَّة (ḥusayniyya)

bor+

حُسَيْنِيَّة


تکیه‌خانه‌ها

head

تکیهخانهها • (takye-xâne-hâ)

تکیهخانهها (canonical)
takye-xâne-hâ (romanization)

تکیهخانه تکیهخانه#Persian

plural of تکیهخانه


تکیه‌ها

تکیهها (canonical)
takye-hâ (romanization)

تکیه تکیه#Persian


تکیه‌گاه‌ها

تکیهگاهها • (takye-gâh-hâ)

تکیهگاهها (canonical)
takye-gâh-hâ (romanization)

تکیهگاه تکیهگاه#Persian


تکیه‌گاهان

تکیهگاهان • (takye-gâhân)

تکیهگاهان (canonical)
takye-gâhân (romanization)

تکیهگاه تکیهگاه#Persian


توده‌ها

تودهها • (tude-hâ)

تودهها (canonical)
tude-hâ (romanization)

توده توده#Persian


آگهی‌ها

آگهیها • (âgahi-hâ)

آگهیها (canonical)
âgahi-hâ (romanization)

آگهی آگهی#Persian


راحتی

راحتی • (râhati)

fa-noun

راحتی • (râhati)

[rɑː.ɦä.t̪ʰíː]

[rɑː.ɦä.t̪ʰíː]

[rɑːä.t̪ʰíː]

[ɹɒː.ɦæ.t̪ʰíː]

[ɾɔ.ɦä.t̪ʰí]


سرای‌ها

head

سرایها • (sarây-hâ)

سرایها (canonical)
sarây-hâ (romanization)

سرای سرای#Persian


توییت‌ها

توییتها • (tuit-hâ)

توییتها (canonical)
tuit-hâ (romanization)

توییت توییت#Persian


عشوه

به شوق چشمهٔ نوشت چه قطرهها که فشاندم
ز لعل بادهفروشت چه عشوهها که خریدم

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 322”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

Longing for your nectar-filled spring, how many drops [of tears] have I shed!
For your wine-selling ruby [lips], how much coquetry have I bought!

ba šawq-i čašma-yi nōš-at či qatra-hā ki fišāndam
zi la'l-i bāda-furōš-at či išwa-hā ki xarīdam


زینت

زینت • (zīnat)

fa-noun

زینت • (zīnat)

Etymology tree
Arabic زِينَة (zīna)bor.
Persian زینتBorrowed from Arabic زِينَة (zīna).


سایرین

سایر سایر#Persian


مشغله

head

مشغله • (mašğale) (plural مشاغل (mašâğel))

Borrowed from Arabic مَشْغَلَة (mašḡala).

bor+

مشاغل مختلف


برزگری

head

بَرْزْگَری or بَرْزِگَری • (barzgari or barzegari)

بَرْزْگَری (canonical)
بَرْزِگَری (canonical)
barzgari (romanization)
barzegari (romanization)

[bäɹz.ɡä.ɾíː]

[bäɹz.ɡä.ɾíː]

[bäɹz.ɡä.ɾíː]

[bäɹz.ɡä.ɾí]

[bæɹz.ɡʲæ.ɹíː]

[bæɹ.ze.ɡʲæ.ɹíː]

[bäɹz.ɡä.ɾí]

By surface analysis, برزگر (barzegar, “farmer”) + ـی (-i)


گرداننده

[ɡʲæɹ.d̪ɒː.næn̪.d̪é]

From گردان (gardân, present stem of گرداندن (gardândan, “to turn, to cause to turn”)) + ـنده (-ande).

af

گردان
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">گرداندن</i> (gardândan, “to turn, to cause to turn”)>


برزگر

head

بَرْزْگَر or بَرْزِگَر • (barzgar or barzegar) (plural برزگران (barzgarân) or برزگرها (barzgar-hâ))

بَرْزْگَر (canonical)
بَرْزِگَر (canonical)
barzgar (romanization)
barzegar (romanization)
برزگران (plural)
برزگرها (plural)

From Middle Persian wlcykl (/warzīgar/, “peasant”). By surface analysis, برز (“sown field; seed; agriculture”) + ـگَر (“-er”).


مشام

head

مشام • (mašâm)

fa-noun

مشام • (mašâm)

هم گلستان خیالم ز تو پر نقش و نگار
هم مشام دلم از زلف سمنسای تو خوش

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 287”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

The garden of my imagination is full of paintings and decoration thanks to you,
My heart's sense of smell is pleased by your jasmine-rubbing locks.

ham gulistān-i xayālam zi tō pur naqš u nigār
ham mašām-i dilam az zulf-i saman-sā-yi tu xwaš

ز خاک کوی تو هر گه که دم زند حافظ
نسیم گلشن جان در مشام ما افتد

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 114”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

Every time Ḥāfiẓ breathes in the earth of your street,
The fragrance of the soul's rose garden falls into my nose.

zi xāk-i kōy-i tō har gah ki dam zanad hāfiz
nasīm-i gulšan-i jān dar mašām-i mā uftad


عملکرد

[ʔä.mäl.kʰǽɹd̪̥]

[ʔæ.mæl.kʰʲǽɹd̪̥]

عمل (amal, “work, action”) + کرد (kard, past stem of کردن (kardan)).

af

کرد
<pos:past stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">کردن</i> (kardan)>


کارکرد

head

کارکرد • (kârkard)

fa-noun

کارکرد • (kârkard)

[kɑːɾ.ˈkaɾð]

[kʰɑːɾ.kʰǽɹd̪]

[kʰɑːɾ.kʰǽɹd̪]

[kʰɑːɾ.kʰǽɹd̪]

[kʰɔːɾ.kʰǽɹd̪̥]

[kʰɒːɹ.kʰʲǽɹd̪̥]

[kʰɔɾ.kʰǽɹd̪]

کار (kâr, “work”) + کرد (kard, past stem of کردن (kardan)).

af

بعید است شهروندان معترضی که به استقبال خطرات عظیم می روند برای همیشه رضایت بدهند که کارکرد اصلی نیروهای سیاسی، اقدامات نمادین در حمایت از اعتراضات داخلی باشد.

2023 June 19, “ذهنیت «سرنگونی آسان» حکومت”, in bbc.com/persian, BBC Persian:

It is unlikely that the protesting citizens who accept enormous dangers would forever be satisfied with the chief function of the political forces being symbolic actions in support of the protests.

ba'id ast šahrvandân-e mo'tarezi ke be esteqbâl-e xatarât-e azim mi-ravand barâ-ye hamiše rezâyat bedehand ke kârkard-e asli-ye niru-hâ-ye siyâsi, eqdâmât-e namâdin dar hemâyat az e'terâzât-e dâxeli bâšad.


همکاری

head

همکاری • (hamkâri)

fa-noun

همکاری • (hamkâri)

[häm.kʰɑː.ɾíː]

[häm.kʰɑː.ɾíː]

[ʔäm.kʰɑː.ɾíː]

[ʔäm.kʰɔː.ɾí]

[hæm.kʰɒː.ɹíː]

حکیمان گفتهاند، عبادت خداوندی سه گونه است[…]سه - آن چه جهت زندگانی مشترک در جامعه واجب آمده است چون معاملات، کشاورزی، ازدواج، باز پس دادن امانات، و اندرز دادن بیکدیگر و انواع همکاریها و ستیز با دشمن و دفاع از حریم و حمایت از نواحی.

The wise have said that divine worship is of three kinds […] Third, that which is necessary to carry out together in groups for the sake of livelihood, like commercial transactions, agriculture, marriage, the returning of deposits, giving advice to one another, and the [other] kinds of cooperation, and fighting with enemies, defending the inviolable, and supporting one's neighborhood.

hakīmān gufta'and, ibādat-i xudāwandī si gōna ast […] si - ān či jihat-i zindagānī muštarik dar jāmi'a wājib āmada ast čūn mu'āmalāt, kišāvarzī, izdiwāj, bāz pas dādan-i amānāt, u andarz dādan ba yak-dīgar u anwā'-i hamkārī-hā u sitēz bā dušman u difā' az harīm u himāyat az nawāhī.


کیش‌مات

head

کیشمات • (kiš mât)

fa-noun

کیشمات • (kiš mât)

کیشمات (canonical)
kiš mât (romanization)

[kʰɪʃ mɑːt̪]

[kʰɪʃ mɑːt̪]

[kʰɪʃ mɑːt̪]

[kʰʲeʃ mɒːt̪]

From کیش (kiš, “check”) + مات (mât, “stunned, amazed”).


ارزیابی

head

ارزیابی • (arzyâbi)

fa-noun

ارزیابی • (arzyâbi)

[ʔäɹz.jɑː.bíː]

[ʔæɹz.jɒː.bíː]

ارز (arz, “value”) + یاب (yâb, present stem of یافتن (yâftan, “to find”)) + ـی (-i).

af

یاب
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">یافتن</i> (yâftan, “to find”)>


جنایت جنگی

[d͡ʒɪ.nɑː.jǽ.t̪ʰɪ d͡ʒäŋ.ɡíː]

[d͡ʒe.nɒː.jǽ.t̪ʰe d͡ʒæɲ.ɡʲíː]


اجبار

head

اجبار • (ejbâr)

fa-noun

اجبار • (ejbâr)

[ʔid͡ʒ.ˈbɑːɾ]

[ʔɪd͡ʒ.bɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔɪd͡ʒ.bɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔɪd͡ʒ.bɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔid͡ʒ.bɔ́ːɾ]

[ʔed͡ʒ.bɒ́ːɹ]

[ʔid͡ʒ.bɔ́ɾ]

به اجبار


تحسین

[t̪ʰäɦ.síːn]

[t̪ʰäɦ.síːn]

[t̪ʰɑː.síːn]

[t̪ʰæɦ.síːn]

قابل تحسین


سخنران

سخن (soxan, “speech”) + ران (rân, present stem of راندن (rândan)).

af

ران
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">راندن</i> (rândan)>


شکنجه‌گر

head

شکنجهگر • (šekanje-gar) (plural شکنجهگران (šekanje-garân) or شکنجهگرها (šekanje-gar-hâ))

شکنجهگر (canonical)
šekanje-gar (romanization)
شکنجهگران (plural)
شکنجهگرها (plural)

[ʃɪ.kʰän.d͡ʒǽ.ɡäɾ]

[ʃɪ.kʰän.d͡ʒǽ.ɡäɾ]

[ʃɪ.kʰän.d͡ʒǽ.ɡäɾ]

[ʃi.kʰän.d͡ʒǽ.ɡäɾ]

[ʃe.kʰʲæn.d͡ʒǽ.ɡʲæɹ]

[ʃi.kʰän.d͡ʒǽ.ɡäɾ]


تنگنا

تنگنا • (tangnâ)

fa-noun

تنگنا • (tangnâ)

[t̪ʰäŋɡ.nɑ́ː]

[t̪ʰäŋɡ.nɑ́ː]

[t̪ʰäŋɡ.nɑ́ː]

[t̪ʰäŋɡ.nɔ́ː]

[t̪ʰæɲɡʲ.nɒ́ː]

[t̪ʰäŋɡ.nɔ́]


خانگاه

head

خانگاه • (xânagâh) (plural خانقاهها (xânagâh-hâ))

xânagâh (romanization)
خانقاهها (plural)

→ Azerbaijani: xanəgah

desctree

→ Arabic: خَانَقَاه (ḵānaqāh)
→ Azerbaijani: xanəqah
→ Classical Persian: خَانَقَاه (xānaqāh)
Iranian Persian: خانَقاه (xânağâh)
Tajik: хонақоҳ (xonaqoh)
→ Ottoman Turkish: خانَقاه (hanekâh)
Turkish: hankâh
→ Urdu: خانَقاہ (xānaqāh)
→ Uzbek: xonaqoh

[xɑː.nä.ɡɑ́ːʱ]

[xɑː.nä.ɡɑ́ːʱ]

[xɑː.nä.ɡɑ́ː]

[xɔː.nä.ɡɔ́ː]

[xɒː.næ.ɡɒ́ːʰ]

[χɔ.nä.ɡɔ́ʱ]

From خَانَه (xāna, “house”) + ـگَاه (-gāh)

خانقاه خانقاه#Persian


فیلمبردار

head

فیلمبردار • (filmbardâr)

fa-noun

فیلمبردار • (filmbardâr)

فیلم (film, “film”) + بردار (bardâr, present stem of برداشتن (bardâštan)).

af

بردار<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">برداشتن</i> (bardâštan)>

fa:فیلمبردار


تهیه‌کننده

تهیهکننده (canonical)
tahiyye konande (romanization)

From تهیه کن (tahiyye kon) + ـنده (-ande).


آپارات

head

آپارات • (âpârât) (plural آپاراتها (âpârât-hâ))

[ʔɒː.pʰɒː.ɹɒ́ːt̪]

Borrowed from Russian аппара́т (apparát).


وانت

head

وانت • (vânet)

fa-noun

وانت • (vânet)


دمدمه

Borrowed from Arabic دَمْدَمَة (damdama).

bor+

خانهی دیو است دلهای همه
کم پذیر از دیو مردم دمدمه

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 252:

The hearts of all are the Devil's house:
do not accept the palaver of devilish men.

xāna-i dēw ast dil-hā-i hama
kam pazīr az dēw mardum damdama


تلبیس

head

تلبیس • (tablis) (plural تلبیسات (tablisât))

هر که در دنیا خورد تلبیس دیو
و ز عدوی دوست رو تعظیم و ریو

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 254:

Whoever swallows the Devil's imposture in this world
and (swallows) veneration and deceit from the foe that has the face (semblance) of a friend

har ki dar dunyā xwarad tablīs-i dēw
u za 'adū-i dōst rō ta'zīm u rēw


خلنگ

خَلَنْگ • (xalang)

fa-noun

خَلَنْگ • (xalang)

خَلَنْگ (canonical)
xalang (romanization)

→ Arabic: خَلَنْج (ḵalanj)


مثابه

head

مثابه • (masâbe)

fa-noun

مثابه • (masâbe)


تکیه‌نشین

تکیهنشین (canonical)
takye-nešin (romanization)

→ Azerbaijani: təkyənişin

desc

تَکْیَہ نِشِین

→ Urdu: تَکْیَہ نِشِین (takya niśīn)

→ Urdu: تَکْیَہ نِشِین (takya niśīn)

Compound of تکیه (takye) + نشین (nešin).


تکیه‌دار

تکیهدار (canonical)
takye-dâr (romanization)

→ Azerbaijani: təkyədar

→ Urdu: تَکْیَہ دار (takya dār)

[t̪ʰäk.jä.d̪ɑːɾ]

[t̪ʰäk.jä.d̪ɑːɾ]

[t̪ʰäk.jä.d̪ɑːɾ]

[t̪ʰäk.jä.d̪ɔːɾ]

[t̪ʰækʲje.d̪ɒːɹ]


تراژدی

head

تراژدی • (terâžedi)

fa-noun

تراژدی • (terâžedi)

[t̪ʰe.ɹɒː.ʒe.d̪íː]


نحوه

نحوه مدیریت این مراسم توسط پلیس در سطح گستردهای مورد انتقاد احزاب مختلف سیاسی بریتانیا قرار گرفته است.

2021 March 14, “درخواست استعفای رئیس پلیس لندن در پی نحوه برخورد با مراسم یادبود زنی که 'به دست پلیس' کشته شد”, in bbc.com/persian, BBC Persian:

The manner in which the police managed the march has been criticized on a widespread level by the various political parties of the United Kingdom.

nahve-ye modiriyat-e in marâsem tavassot-e polis dar sath-e gostarde'i mowred-e enteqâd-e ahzâb-e moxtalef-e siyâsi-ye beritâniyâ qarâr gerefte ast.


ابرقدرت

head

ابرقدرت • (abarqodrat) (plural ابرقدرتها (abarqodrat-hâ))

abarqodrat (romanization)
ابرقدرتها (plural)

[ʔæ.bæɹ.ɢod̪.ɹǽt̪]


اطرافی

اطرافی • (atrâfi) (plural اطرافیها (atrâfi-hâ) or اطرافیان (atrâfiân))

atrâfi (romanization)
اطرافیها (plural)
اطرافیان (plural)

[ʔät̪.ɾɑː.fíː]

[ʔät̪.ɾɑː.fíː]

[ʔät̪.ɾɑː.fíː]

[ʔät̪.ɾɔː.fí]

[ʔæt̪.ɹɒː.fíː]

[ʔät̪.ɾɔ.fí]

در تحقیق و پژوهش این مجموعه مستند با سوژههایی مواجه شدیم که خلاف جهت آب شنا میکنند و امید را در اطرافیان خود زنده نگه میدارند.

2022 August 27, “«همسایههای خوب» امید را در اطرافیان خود زنده نگه میدارد”, in irna.ir, Islamic Republic News Agency:

In researching and investigating this documentary series, we encountered individuals who go against the current and keep hope alive in those around them.

dar tahqiq o pežuheš-e in majmu'e-ye mostanad bâ suže-hâyi movâjeh šodim ke xelâf-e jehat-e âb šenâ mi-konand va omid râ dar atrâfiyân-e xod zende negah mi-dârand.


برائت

[bä.ɾɑː.ʔǽt̪]

[bä.ɾɑː.ʔǽt̪]

[bæ.ɹɒː.ʔǽt̪]

[bä.ɾɔ.ʔǽt̪]

(with از) exemption, freedom (from)
exemption (from a responsibility)

(with از) exemption, freedom (from)
innocence, acquittal (from a crime)

untaintedness, innocence (from something undesirable)


تعبیر

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: ताबीर (tābīr)

Urdu: تَعْبِیر (ta'bīr)

desc

→ Punjabi: ਤਾਬੀਰ (tābīr), تَعْبِیر (taʻbīr)

[t̪ʰäʔ.bíːɾ]

[t̪ʰäʔ.bíːɾ]

[t̪ʰɑː.bíːɾ]

[t̪ʰæʔ.bíːɹ]

Etymology tree
Arabic عَبَّر (ʕabbar)
Arabic تَعْبِير (taʕbīr)bor.
Persian تَعْبِیرBorrowed from Arabic تَعْبِير (taʕbīr).

etymon

تَعْبِیر

سوء تعبیر


انقضا

head

انقضا • (enqezâ)

fa-noun

انقضا • (enqezâ)

[ʔɪɴ.qɪ.zɑ́ː]

[ʔɪɴ.qɪ.zɑ́ː]

[ʔɪɴ.qɪ.zɑ́ː]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

انقضاء انقضاء#Persian

unhamzated form of انقضاء (“termination, expiration, expiry”)


ضرب و شتم

مورد ضرب و شتم قرار میگیرد و در بازداشت جان خود را از دست میدهد.

2024 May 1, “آخرین لحظات نیکا؛ مستند تحقیقی بیبیسی بر اساس اسناد محرمانه درباره کشتهشدن نیکا شاکرمی”, in YouTube, BBC Persian:

She is subject to physical abuse, and loses her life while being detained.

mowred-e zarb o šatm qarâr mi-girad va dar bâzdâšt jân-e xod râ az dast mi-dehad.

(law, sometimes proscribed) battery (physical abuse)


نافرمانی

head

نافرمانی • (nâfarmâni)

fa-noun

نافرمانی • (nâfarmâni)

From ناـ (nâ-) + فرمان (farmân) + ـی (-i).

مهسا به اتهام بدحجابی در انظار عمومی، اقدامی که از نگاه رژیم نافرمانی تلقی میشود، بازداشت میشود.

Mahsa is arrested under the charge of improper [loose] wearing of the hijab in public, an act which the regime considers as insubordination.

mahsâ be ettehâm-e badhejâbi dar anzâr-e omumi, eqdâmi ke az negâh-e režim nâfarmâni talaqi mi-šavad, bâzdâšt mi-šavad.


عضویت

From عضو (ozv, “member”) + ـیت (-iyyat).


غلبه

غلبه ازبکها بر تیموریان ― ğalabe-ye ozbak-hâ bar timuriyân ― the Uzbeks' triumph over the Timurids


شیون

head

شیون • (šivan) (plural شیونها (šivan-hâ))

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (šywn /šēwan/, “lament”), from Proto-Iranian *xšai- (“to lament, to weep”); further connections unclear.

inh

پیش از آنکه پزشکان خسته بتوانند او را نجات دهند، در میان شیون همسرش جان میدهد.

2024 May 11, “رای نمادین مجمع عمومی به عضویت کامل فلسطین در سازمان ملل”, in YouTube, BBC Persian:

Before the exhausted doctors can save him, he dies amid his wife's wails.

piš az ân-ke pezeškân-e xaste betavânand u râ nejât dehand, dar miyân-e šivan-e hamsar-aš jân mi-dehad.


طریق

[t̪ʰæ.ɹíːɢ̥]


حومه

head

حومه • (howme) (plural حومهها (howme-hâ))


محموله

محموله • (mahmule) (plural محمولات (mahmulât))

Borrowed from Arabic مَحْمُولَة (maḥmūla).

bor+

نگرانی از حمله زمینی اسرائیل به شهر رفح، یکی از دلایلی بود که آمریکا ارسال محموله بمبهای خود به اسرائیل را متوقف کرد.

2024 May 12, “جنگ در سراسر غزه تشدید شده است؛ گوترش خواستار آتشبس فوری شد”, in bbc.com/persian, BBC Persian:

Concerns about Israel's land attack on the city of Rafah was one of the reasons that the United States halted its delivery of a shipment of bombs to Israel.

negarâni az hamle-ye zamini-ye esrâ'il be šahr-e rafah, yeki az dalâyeli bud ke âmrikâ ersâl-e mahmule-ye bomb-hâ-ye xod be esrâ'il râ motavaqqef kard.


خشکی

head

خشکی • (xoški) (plural خشکیها (xoški-hâ))

یکی از سریعترین حیوانات روی خشکیهای زمین است.

It is one of the fastest animals on land on Earth.

yeki az sari'-tarin heyvânât-e ru-ye xoški-hâ-ye zamin ast.

lifelessness, lack of energy (e.g. of a work of art)


جنجال

جنجال • (janjâl)

fa-noun

جنجال • (janjâl)

[d͡ʒän.d͡ʒɑːl]

[d͡ʒän.d͡ʒɑːl]

[d͡ʒän.d͡ʒɑːl]

[d͡ʒän.d͡ʒɔːl̥]

[d͡ʒæn.d͡ʒɒːl̥]

Probably borrowed from Urdu جنجال (janjāl) / Hindi जंजाल (jañjāl, “entanglements, complications, problems”), from Sanskrit जन (jana) + जालं (jālaṃ).


بکتاشی

head

بَکتاشی • (baktâši)

fa-noun

بَکتاشی • (baktâši)

بَکتاشی (canonical)
baktâši (romanization)

[bäk.t̪ʰɑː.ʃíː]

[bäk.t̪ʰɑː.ʃíː]

[bäk.t̪ʰɑː.ʃíː]

[bäk.t̪ʰɔː.ʃí]

[bækʲ.t̪ʰɒː.ʃíː]


نیمه

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (nymk' /nēmag/). By surface analysis, نیم (nim) + ـه (-e).

surf

همچو گاوی نیمهی چپش سیاه
نیمهی دیگر سپید همچو ماه

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 607:

(He is) like an ox, his left half black,
the other half white as the moon.

hamču gāw-ē nēma-i čap-aš siyāh
nēma-i dēgar sapēd hamču māh


تکنوکرات

head

تکنوکرات • (teknokrât)

fa-noun

تکنوکرات • (teknokrât)


ترمیم

[t̪ʰäɾ.míːm]

[t̪ʰäɾ.míːm]

[t̪ʰäɾ.míːm]

[t̪ʰæɹ.míːm]

ترمیم کابینه


پرسه‌زنی

پرسهزنی (canonical)
parse-zani (romanization)

پرسه زن (parse zan, present stem of پرسه زدن (parse zadan, “to wonder”)) + ـی (-i).

af

پرسه زن
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">پرسه زدن</i> (parse zadan, “to wonder”)>


حکمرانی

head

حکمرانی • (hokmrâni)

fa-noun

حکمرانی • (hokmrâni)

[ʔʊkm.ɾɑː.níː]


منازعه

Borrowed from Arabic مُنَازَعَة (munāzaʕa).


بابزن

head

بابزن • (bâbzan)

fa-noun

بابزن • (bâbzan)

چو آتش پراگنده شد پیلتن
درختی بجست از در بابزن

c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The tale of Suhrāb”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]:

When the fire became scattered, the Elephant-Bodied One
Sought out a tree worthy of being a spit.

čū ātaš parāganda šud pīltan
diraxtē bijust az dar-i bābzan

(obsolete) spit, skewer (for grilling meat)


بارگی

head

بارگی • (bâregi)

fa-noun

بارگی • (bâregi)

[bɑː.ɾä.ɡíː]

[bɑː.ɾä.ɡíː]

[bɑː.ɾä.ɡíː]

[bɒːɹe.ɡʲíː]

By surface analysis, باره (bâre, “horse”) + ـگی (-gi).

surf

بدان مرغزار اندرون بنگرید
ز هر سو همی بارگی را ندید

He looked about within that meadow,
No horse was seen in any direction.

bad-ān marğzār andarūn bingarīd
zi har sō hamē bāragī rā na-dīd


جوانمردی

Compound of جوان (javân, “young”) + مردی (mardi, “manliness”)

compound

بود شیخی دایما او وامدار
از جوانمردی که بود آن نامدار

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 376:

There was a Shaykh who was continually in debt
because of the generosity which that illustrious one had.

būd šayx-ē dāyimān ō wām-dār
az jawārmardī ki būd ān nām-dār


سانحه

head

سانحه • (sânehe) (plural سوانح (savâneh))


مغفرت

Borrowed from Arabic مَغْفِرَة (maḡfira).


سلیح

selêh (romanization)
salêh (romanization)

Borrowed from Arabic سِلَاح (silāḥ), from an Arabic dialect with imāla. Compare Classical Persian ایمِن (ēmin) and لیکِن (lēkin), from Arabic آمِن (ʔāmin) and لٰكِن (lākin).

سِلاح سلاح#Persian

(obsolete) Alternative form of سِلاح (selâh, “weapon”)


تشییع

head

تشییع • (tašyi')

fa-noun

تشییع • (tašyi')

[t̪ʰäʃ.jíːʔ]

[t̪ʰäʃ.jíːʔ]

[t̪ʰæʃ.jíːʔ]


سرپیچی

head

سرپیچی • (sarpiči)

fa-noun

سرپیچی • (sarpiči)

[säɾ.pʰeː.t͡ʃʰíː]

[säɾ.pʰeː.t͡ʃʰíː]

[säɾ.pʰeː.t͡ʃʰíː]

[sæɹ.pʰiː.t͡ʃʰíː]


صراحت

[sä.ɾɑː.ɦǽt̪]

[sä.ɾɑː.ɦǽt̪]

[sä.ɾɔ.ɦǽt̪]

به صراحت


مرگ و میر

[mäɾ.ɡʊ.míːɾ]

[mäɾ.ɡʊ.míːɾ]

[mäɾ.ɡʊ.míːɾ]

مرگ (marg, “death”) + و (o, “and”) + میر (mir, present stem of مردن (mordan, “to die”)).

af

میر
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">مردن</i> (mordan, “to die”)>

نرخ مرگ و میر


نبود

گاهی در نبود یک نفر گویی جهان به تمامی خالی است.

Sometimes, when not even one person is around, it seems as if the world is completely empty.

gâhi dar nabud-e yek nafar guyi jahân be tamâmi xâli ast.


دستگیر

[d̪äst̪.ɡíːɾ]

[d̪äst̪.ɡíːɾ]

[d̪äst̪.ɡíːɾ]

[d̪äst̪.ɡíɾ]

[d̪æst̪.ɡʲíːɹ]

[d̪äst̪.ɡíɾ]

دست (dast, “hand”) + گیر (gir, present stem of گرفتن (gereftan, “to take”)).

گیر
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">گرفتن</i> (gereftan, “to take”)>

در پای غم فتاد سلیمی ز دست هجر
وقتست ای پری که شوی دستگیر ما

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 108:

Selim has fallen in the foot of grief out of his separation [from you];
O my fairy, it is time for you to take me in the hand.

dar pā-yi ğam fitād salīmī zi dast-i hajr
waqt ast ay parī ki šawī dastgīr-i mā

helper, supporter, someone who takes one's hand


گزارشگران

head

گزارشگران • (gozârešgarân)

گزارشگر گزارشگر#Persian


موهبت

موهبت • (mowhebat) (plural مواهب (mavâheb))

Borrowed from Arabic مَوْهِبَة (mawhiba).


پردازش

head

پردازش • (pardâzeš)

fa-noun

پردازش • (pardâzeš)

[pʰäɾ.d̪ɑː.zɪ́ʃ]

[pʰäɾ.d̪ɑː.zɪ́ʃ]

[pʰäɾ.d̪ɑː.zɪ́ʃ]

[pʰäɾ.d̪ɔː.zíʃ]

[pʰæɹ.d̪ɒː.zéʃ]

[pʰäɾ.d̪ɔ.zíʃ]

From پرداز (pardâz, present stem of پرداختن (pardâxtan, “to spend, to polish”)) + ـش (-eš).

af

پرداز
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">پرداختن</i> (pardâxtan, “to spend, to polish”)>

پردازش اطلاعات

پردازش تصویر


جویینه

head

جویینه • (jūyīna)

fa-noun

جویینه • (jūyīna)

→ Malay: joyinah


چتنی

head

چتنی • (čatnī)

fa-noun

چتنی • (čatnī)

[t͡ʃʰät̪.níː]

[t͡ʃʰät̪.níː]

[t͡ʃʰät̪.níː]

[t͡ʃʰät̪.ní]

Borrowed from Hindustani चटनी (caṭnī)/چَٹْنی (caṭnī).


اعصار

head

اعصار • (a'sâr)

عَصْر عصر#Persian


اغراق

اغراق • (eğrâq)

fa-noun

اغراق • (eğrâq)

[ʔeɢ.ɹɒ́ːɢ̥]


تاریخ انقضا

head

تاریخ انقضا • (târix-e enqezâ)

fa-noun

تاریخ انقضا • (târix-e enqezâ)

[t̪ʰɒː.ɹíː.xe ʔeɴ.ɢe.zɒ́ː]


ردیابی

[ɹæd̪.jɒː.bíː]

رد (radd, “trace”) + یاب (yâb, present stem of یافتن (yâftan, “to find”)) + ـی (-i).


فیلمساز

head

فیلمساز • (filmsâz)

fa-noun

فیلمساز • (filmsâz)

فیلم (film, “film”) + ساز (sâz, present stem of ساختن (sâxtan)).

af

ساز
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">ساختن</i> (sâxtan)>


کریدور

head

کریدور • (koridor) (plural کریدورها (koridor-hâ))

koridor (romanization)
کریدورها (plural)


تضعیف

[t̪ʰäz.ʔíːf]

[t̪ʰäz.ʔíːf]

[t̪ʰæz.ʔíːf]


قفلی

قفلی • (quflī)

fa-noun

قفلی • (quflī)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: क़ुल्फ़ी (qulfī)

Urdu: قُلفِی (qulfī)


همتا

head

همتا • (hamtâ)

fa-noun

همتا • (hamtâ)

[häm.t̪ʰɑ́ː]

[häm.t̪ʰɑ́ː]

[ʔäm.t̪ʰɑ́ː]

[ʔäm.t̪ʰɔ́ː]

[hæm.t̪ʰɒ́ː]

وی در این سفر در یك نشست چند ساعته در كمیته سیاسی مشترك دو كشور با حضور 'نزار خیرالله' همتای عراقی خود شركت و در خصوص مسائل دو جانبه و برخی پرونده های جاری میان دو كشور بحث و تبادل نظر كردند.

2019 March 2, “ظریف تلفنی با همتای عراقی خود گفت و گو كرد”, in irna.ir, Islamic Republic News Agency:

During this trip, he participated in a meeting a few hours long in the joint political committee of the two countries where his Iraqi counterpart Nizar al-Khayrallah was present, and in particular, they discussed and exchanged opinions on bilateral issues and some current cases between the two countries.

vey dar in safar dar yek nešast-e čand sâ'ate dar komite-ye siyâsi-ye moštarak-e do kešvar bâ hozur-e 'nezâr xeyrallâh' hamtâ-ye erâqi-ye xod šerkat va dar xosus masâ'el-e do jânebe va barxi-ye parvande-hâ-ye jâri miyân-e do kešvar bahs va tabâdol-e nazar kardand.


سنگر

→ Azerbaijani: səngər

→ Central Kurdish: سەنگەر (senger)

→ English: sangar

→ Georgian: სანგარი (sangari)

→ Northern Kurdish: senger

→ Pashto: سنګر (sangar)

(military) fortification, redoubt, fortified spot

(figurative) bulwark, means of defense or protection


ضابطه

head

ضابطه • (zâbete) (plural ضوابط (zavâbet))

ضوابط و پروتکلها


نماز دیگر

→ Pashto: نمازديګر (nəmâzdigar)

→ Punjabi: namāz-e ḍīgar

desc

ਨਮਾਜ਼-ਏ-ਡੀਗਰ

Gurmukhi script: ਨਮਾਜ਼-ਏ-ਡੀਗਰ

Shahmukhi script: نمازِ ڈیگر

Compound of نماز (namāz, “prayer”) + دیگر (dīgar, “other; more”)

compound

تا نماز دیگر آن کودک گریست
شیخ دیده بست و در وی ننگریست

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 411:

Till afternoon prayers the boy wept;
the Shaykh closed his eyes and did not look at him.

tā namāz-i dīgar ān kōdak girīst
šayx dīda bast u dar way nanigarīst

asr prayer (the Islamic afternoon prayer)


چای صبح

head

چای صبح • (čāy-i subh)

fa-noun

چای صبح • (čāy-i subh)

[t͡ʃʰɑː.jɪ sʊbʰ]

[t͡ʃʰɑː.jɪ sʊbʰ]

[t͡ʃʰɑː.jɪ sʊb]

From چَای (čāy, “tea”) + صُبْح (subh, “morning”), literally “morning tea”.


دکاندار

head

دکاندار • (dokândâr)

fa-noun

دکاندار • (dokândâr)

→ Azerbaijani: dükandar

→ Bengali: দোকানদার (dōkanodar)

→ Northern Kurdish: dikandar

→ Kashmiri: دُکاندار (dukāndār)

→ Gujarati: દુકાનદાર (dukāndār)

→ Hindi: दुकानदार (dukāndār)

→ Talysh: دوکوندار (dukundâr)

→ Turkmen: dükandar

desc

→ Sindhi: دڪاندار

→ Sindhi: دڪاندار

→ Urdu: دکان دار

→ Urdu: دکان دار

→ Phalura: dukaandaár

[d̪ʊ.kʰɑːn̪.d̪ɑːɾ]

[d̪ʊk.kʰɑːn̪.d̪ɑːɾ]

[d̪ʊ.kʰɑːn̪.d̪ɑːɾ]

[d̪ʊk.kʰɑːn̪.d̪ɑːɾ]

[d̪ʊ.kʰɑːn̪.d̪ɑːɾ]

[d̪ʊk.kʰɑːn̪.d̪ɑːɾ]

[d̪u.kʰɔːn̪.d̪ɔːɾ]

[d̪o.kʰɒːn̪.d̪ɒːɹ]

[d̪okʲ.kʰɒːn̪.d̪ɒːɹ]

From دکان (dokân, “shop”) + ـدار (-dâr).


لپ‌تاپ

لپتاپ (canonical)
lap-tâp (romanization)


لوازم

Borrowed from Arabic لَوَازِم (lawāzim).

لوازم پزشکی

لازمه لازمه#Persian


خواهان

head

خواهان • (xâhân)

fa-noun

خواهان • (xâhân)

[xʷɑː.ˈhɑːn]

From خواه (xâh, present stem of خواستن (xâstan, “to want”)) + ـان (-ân).

af

خواه
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">خواستن</i> (xâstan, “to want”)>

Coordinate term: متهم (mottaham, “the accused”)


خاوران

head

خاوران • (xâvarân) (plural خاورانها (xâvarân-hâ))

xâvarân (romanization)
خاورانها (plural)

[xɑː.wä.ɾɑ́ːn]

[xɑː.wä.ɾɑ́ːn]

[xɑː.wä.ɾɑ́ːn]

[xɔː.wä.ɾɔ́ːn]

[xɒː.væ.ɹɒ́ːn]

[χɔ.vä.ɾɔ́n]

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwlwlʾn' /xwarwarān/, “sunset, west”). The "graveyard for victims of political execution" sense is from Khavaran cemetery, the unmarked cemetery in the capital of Tehran, located in the Khavaran district.

inh+

خاور خاور#Persian

(Iran) unmarked graveyard for victims of political purges during the 1980s


وصیت

→ Bengali: অসিয়ত (ośiẏot)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: वसीयत (vasīyat)

Urdu: وصیت (wasīyat)

Borrowed from Arabic وَصِيَّة (waṣiyya).


قانون گو

head

قانون گو • (qānūn-go)

fa-noun

قانون گو • (qānūn-go)

→ Assamese: কানন্গো (kanongü)

→ Bengali: কানুনগো (kanungō)

→ Bundeli: कानूनगो (kānūngo)

→ Gujarati: કાનૂગો (kānūgo)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: क़ानूनगो (qānūngo)

Urdu: قَانُون گو (qānūn go)

→ Maithili: कानूनगो (kānūnᵊgō)

→ Odia: କାନୁନ୍ଗୋ (kānungo)

→ Punjabi: kānūgo

Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਨੂਗੋ

Shahmukhi script: کانُوگو

→ Sindhi: qānūṅgo

Arabic script: قانُون گو

Devanagari script: क़ानून गो

an officer whose duty is to register and expound the laws of the empire

an officer in each district acqauinted with the customs, and with the nature of the tenures of the land


فتان

[fät̪.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[fät̪.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[fät̪.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[fät̪.t̪ʰɔ́ːn]

[fæt̪.t̪ʰɒ́ːn]


باشنده

head

باشنده • (bāšanda)

fa-noun

باشنده • (bāšanda)

→ Assamese: বাসিন্দা (baxinda)

→ Bengali: বাসিন্দা (baśinda)

[bɑː.ʃän̪.d̪ä]

[bɑː.ʃän̪.d̪ä]

[bɑː.ʃän̪.d̪ä]

[bɔː.ʃän̪.d̪ä]


مالکانه

head

مالکانه • (mālikāna)

fa-noun

مالکانه • (mālikāna)

→ Assamese: মালিকানা (malikana)

→ Bengali: মালিকানা (malikana)

From مال + کانه.


غالیچه

head

غالیچه • (ğālīča)

fa-noun

غالیچه • (ğālīča)

→ Assamese: গালিচা (galisa)

→ Bengali: গালিচা (galica)

→ Hindustani:

desc

Hindi: ग़ालीचा (ġālīcā)

Hindi: ग़ालीचा (ġālīcā)

Urdu: غالِیچا (ġālīcā)

Urdu: غالِیچا (ġālīcā)

→ Konkani: gālico

Devanagari script: गालिचो

Latin script: galicho

Kannada script: ಗಾಲಿಚೊ

→ Marathi: गालिचा (gālicā)

[ɣɑː.liː.t͡ʃʰä]

[ɣɑː.liː.t͡ʃʰä]

[ɣɑː.liː.t͡ʃʰä]

[ɣɔː.li.t͡ʃʰä]


جامدانی

head

جامدانی • (jamdanī)

fa-noun

جامدانی • (jamdanī)

→ Bengali: জামদানী (jamdani)


نوحه

head

نوحه • (nowhe) (plural نوحهها (nowhe-hâ))

ناله از اجزای ایشان میشنید
نوحه پیدا نوحه گویان ناپدید

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 2543:

He heard wailing from their limbs:
the lamentation was plain, those who uttered it (were) invisible.

nāla az ajzā-yi ēšān mē-šinīd
nawha paydā nawha gōyān nā-padīd


فیصله

→ Bengali: ফয়সালা (phoẏśala)

Borrowed from Arabic فَيْصَلَة (fayṣala).


مغربی

head

مغربی • (mağrebī)

fa-noun

مغربی • (mağrebī)

→ Bengali: মাগরেবী (magrebi)

[mäɣ.ɾɪ.bíː]

[mäɣ.ɾɪ.bíː]

[mäɣ.ɾɪ.bíː]

Borrowed from Arabic مَغْرِبِيّ (maḡribiyy).


اعجوبة

u'jūba (romanization)
u'jūbat (romanization)

اعجوبه اعجوبه#Persian

Archaic form of اعجوبه (u'jūba, “miracle”).


عجوبه

اعجوبه اعجوبه#Persian

Alternative form of اعجوبه (o'jube, “miracle”)


اعجوبه

q

from the variant <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">عُجُوبَه</i> (ujūba)

→ Hindustani: (from the variant عُجُوبَه (ujūba))

Hindi: अजूबा (ajūbā)

Urdu: عَجُوبَہ ('ajūba)

Borrowed from Arabic أُعْجُوبَة (ʔuʕjūba).


فریادرس

From فریاد (faryâd, “cry, shout”) + رس (ras, present stem of رسیدن (residan, “to arrive”)).

af

رس
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">رسیدن</i> (residan, “to arrive”)>

محمل جانان ببوس، آنگه به زاری عرضه دار
کز فراقت سوختم ای مهربان فریادرس

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 267”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ], archived from the original on 2023-12-09:

Kiss the beloved's camel-litter, and say wailing to her then:
"I burnt down from being far from you, o kind one who comes to my relief!"

mahmal-i jānān bibōs, āngah ba zārī arza dār
kaz firāqat sōxtam ay mihrabān-i faryādras

someone who comes to another's relief; redeemer, reliever, savior


عسس

عشرت شبگیر کن، می نوش کاندر راه عشق
شبروان را آشناییهاست با میر عسس

Be happy all night long and drink wine! For on the road of love,
The night watch commander is acquainted with those who walk during night.

išrat-i šabgīr kun, may nōš k-andar rāh-i išq
šabrawān rā āšnāyī-hāst bā mīr-i asas

گر ماه کند شب عسسی بر سر کویت
بنما رخ و شرمنده خود ساز عسس را

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 97:

If the moon should make the night watch at the end of your alleyway,
Show your face to it and make that watchman ashamed of himself.

gar māh kunad šab asasī bar sar-i kōyat
binmā rux u šarmanda-yi xwad sāz asas rā

(historical) night watch, nocturnal patrol, nocturnal police


چوجه

head

چوجه • (čuje)

fa-noun

چوجه • (čuje)

[t͡ʃʰuː.d͡ʒǽ]

[t͡ʃʰuː.d͡ʒǽ]

[t͡ʃʰuː.d͡ʒǽ]

[t͡ʃʰu.d͡ʒǽ]

[t͡ʃʰuː.d͡ʒé]

[t͡ʃʰɵ.d͡ʒǽ]

جوجه جوجه#Persian


مولی

head

مولی • (mowlâ)

fa-noun

مولی • (mowlâ)

مولا مولا#Persian


خلوتگاه

[xäl.wä.t̪ʰɪ.ɡɑːʱ]

[xäl.wä.t̪ʰɪ.ɡɑːʱ]

Compound of خلوت (xalvat, “solitude; alone”) + گاه (gâh, “place”)

af

هیچ کنجی بیدد و بیدام نیست
جز به خلوتگاه حق آرام نیست

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 591:

No corner is without wild beasts;
there is no rest but in the place where you are alone with God.

hēč kunj-ē bē-dad u bē-dām nēst
juz ba xalwatigāh-i haqq ārām nēst

private place, place of retirement, retired place


شامورتی

šâmurti (romanization)
šâmvurti (romanization)

[ʃɒː.muːɹ.t̪ʰíː]

[ʃɒːɱ.vuːɹ.t̪ʰíː]

From Armenian շան որդի (šan ordi, literally “son of a dog”), in turn Calque of Azerbaijani it oğlu.

bor

یارو وارد سن شد، شامورتی را در آورد، بازی را شروع کرد.

1957, Rasoul Parvizi, “قصه عینکم [qesse-ye eynakam, The Story of my Glasses]”, in شلوارهای وصلهدار [šalvâr-hâ-ye vasle-dâr, Patched-up Pants]:

So-and-so came into the scene, picked up the barrel organ and started to play.


تنخواه

head

تنخواه • (tanxwāh)

fa-noun

تنخواه • (tanxwāh)

→ Armenian: թանխա (tʻanxa)

→ Azerbaijani: tanqah, tanqax

→ Georgian: თანხა (tanxa)

→ Hindi: तनख़्वाह (tanxvāh)

→ Punjabi: tanxāh

Gurmukhi script: ਤਨਖ਼ਾਹ

Shahmukhi script: تنخواہ

[t̪ʰän.xɑːʱ]

[t̪ʰän.xɑːʱ]

[t̪ʰæn.xɒːʱ]


حقه

Punjabi: huqqā

Gurmukhi script: ਹੁੱਕ਼ਾ

Shahmukhi script: حُقَّہ


دری‌زبان

head

دریزبان • (dari-zabân) (plural دریزبانان (dari-zabân-ân))

دریزبان (canonical)
dari-zabân (romanization)
دریزبانان (plural)


طا

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


گاف

→ Azerbaijani: gaf

→ Uzbek: gof


غین

head

غین • (ğeyn)

fa-noun

غین • (ğeyn)


بضاعت

→ Urdu: بِضاعَت (bizā'at)

bor

Arabic بِضَاعَة (biḍāʕa)


بقه

head

بَقَه • (baqa)

fa-noun

بَقَه • (baqa)


هدایت

→ Bengali: হেদায়েত (hedaẏet)

[ʔɪ.d̪ɑː.jät̪]


فیروز

→ Bengali: ফিরোজ (phirōj)

Arabized pronunciation and doublet of پیروز (pīrōz, piruz). Not to be semantically confused with Early Classical Persian پیروزه (pērōza, “turquoise”) and its Arabic loans, i.e. فَيْرُوز (fayrūz, “turquoise”), فِيرُوزَج (fīrūzaj), فَيْرُوزَج (fayrūzaj).


فوجدار

→ Bengali: ফৌজদার (phōujodar)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: फ़ौजदार (faujdār)

Urdu: فَوجْدار (faujdār)

[fäʊd͡ʒ.d̪ɑːɾ]

[fäʊd͡ʒ.d̪ɑːɾ]

[fäʊd͡ʒ.d̪ɑːɾ]

[fäud͡ʒ.d̪ɔːɾ]

[fæod͡ʒ.d̪ɒːɹ]

From فوج + ـدار.

an officer or the police in Hindustan, and chief magistrate of a chaklah


دواخانه

head

دواخانه • (dawāxāna)

fa-noun

دواخانه • (dawāxāna)

→ Bengali: দাওয়াখানা (daōẇakhana)

→ Gujarati: દવાખાનું (davākhānũ)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: दवाख़ाना (davāxānā)

Urdu: دَواخانَہ (davāxāna)

→ Kannada: ದವಾಖಾನೆ (davākhāne)

→ Marathi: दवाखाना (davākhānā)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਦਵਾਖ਼ਾਨਾ (davāxānā)

Shahmukhi script: دَواخانَہ (davāxāna)

From دوا + خانه.


توبه

desc

→ Gujarati: તવબા (tavbā), તોબા (tobā), તૌબા (taubā)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: तौबा (taubā)

Urdu: تَوبَہ (tauba)


تراوش

head

تراوش • (tarâveš)

fa-noun

تراوش • (tarâveš)

[t̪ʰä.ɾɑː.wɪ́ʃ]

[t̪ʰä.ɾɑː.wɪ́ʃ]

[t̪ʰä.ɾɑː.wɪ́ʃ]

[t̪ʰä.ɾɔː.wíʃ]

[t̪ʰæ.ɹɒː.véʃ]

[t̪ʰä.ɾɔ.víʃ]

From تراو (tarâv, present stem of تراویدن (tarâvidan)) + ـش (-eš).

af

تراو
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">تراویدن</i> (tarâvidan)>


خانه‌خدا

head

خانهخدا • (xâne-xodâ)

fa-noun

خانهخدا • (xâne-xodâ)

خانهخدا (canonical)
xâne-xodâ (romanization)

خانه (xâne, “house”) + خدا (xodâ, “lord”).

af

جلوه بر من مفروش ای ملک الحاج که تو
خانه میبینی و من خانهخدا میبینم

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 357”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

O lord of the pilgrims! Flaunt not your glory before me, for you
Are seeing the house, and I am seeing the owner of the house.

jilwa bar man mafurōš ay maliku-l-hāj ki tu
xāna mē-bēnī u man xāna-xudā mē-bēnam

master of the house, householder; pater familias


خانه خدا

head

خانه خدا • (xâne xodâ)

fa-noun

خانه خدا • (xâne xodâ)

خانهخدا خانهخدا#Persian

Alternative spelling of خانهخدا (xâne-xodâ)


موی‌لب

head

مویلب • (môylab)

fa-noun

مویلب • (môylab)

→ Uzbek: moʻylov

From موی (môy, “hair”) + لب (lab, “lip”).


خیل

صحن سرای دیده بشستم ولی چه سود
کاین گوشه نیست درخور خیل خیال تو

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 408”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

I washed the field of my vision's palace [with tears], but what was the use?
For this corner is unworthy of the army of my fantasies of you!

sahn-i sarā-yi dīda bišustam walē či sūd
k-īn gōša nēst darxwar-i xayl-i xayāl-i tu

(historical) horsemen, squadron of cavalry; (by extension) army (in general)


ساغر

head

ساغر • (sâğar)

fa-noun

ساغر • (sâğar)

بوی تو میشنیدم و بر یاد روی تو
دادند ساقیان طرب یک دو ساغرم

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 329”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

I smelled your fragrance, and in the memory of your face,
The cup-bearers playing music gave me a cup or two.

bō-yi tu mē-šunīdam u bar yād-i rō-yi tu
dādand sāqiyān-i tarab yak du sāğar-am


عاریت

head

عاریت • (âriyat)

fa-noun

عاریت • (âriyat)

این جان عاریت که به حافظ سپرد دوست
روزی رخش ببینم و تسلیم وی کنم

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 351”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

One day, I will see the beloved and deliver to her
This borrowed soul, which she entrusted to Ḥāfiẓ.

īn jān-i āriyat ki ba hāfiz sipurd dōst
rōzē ruxaš bibēnam u taslīm-i way kunam


پیرانه سر

head

پیرانه سر • (pirâne sar)

fa-noun

پیرانه سر • (pirâne sar)


ریزش

head

ریزش • (rizeš)

fa-noun

ریزش • (rizeš)

From ریز (riz, present stem of ریختن (rixtan)) + ـش (-eš).

af

ریز
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">ریختن</i> (rixtan)>


عده

عده قلیل

در سال ۱۳۴۸ تحت تأثیر جنبش اسلامی به رهبری روحالله خمینی همراه عدهای از دوستاناش وارد مبارزات سیاسی علیه دولت محمدرضا پهلوی شد و گروه الله اکبر را راهاندازی کرد.

2023 March 16, “محمد جهان آرا، فرماندهی نظامی ایرانی و از فرماندهان سپاه خرمشهر”, in sharqhdaily.com:

In the [Iranian] year 1348 [1969], he began to participate in political confrontations with a number of his friends against the government of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi under the influence of the Islamic movement led by Ruhollah Khomeini, and launched the Allahu Akbar group.

dar sâl-e 1348 taht-e ta'sir-e jombeš-e eslâmi be rahbari-ye ruhollâh-e xomeyni hamrâh-e edde'i az dustân-aš vâred-e mobârezât-e siyâsi aleyh-e dowlat-e mohammad-rezâ pahlavi šod va goruh-e allâho akbar râ râh-andâzi kard.

(Islamic law) waiting period upon a woman after her marriage has ended until she can remarry


بودباش

head

بودباش • (budbâš)

fa-noun

بودباش • (budbâš)

[buːð.ˈbɑːʃ]

بود (bud, past stem of بودن (budan, “to be”)) + باش (bâš, a present stem of بودن (budan)).

af

بود
<pos:past stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">بودن</i> (budan, “to be”)>

باش
<pos:a present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">بودن</i> (budan)>


الحاح

head

الحاح • (elhâh)

fa-noun

الحاح • (elhâh)

بداد لعل لبت بوسهای به صد زاری
گرفت کام دلم زو به صد هزار الحاح

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 98”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

The ruby of your lips gave one kiss after a hundred laments;
It took my heart's desire from them after a hundred thousand importunities.

bidād la'l-i labat bōsa'ē ba sad zārī
girift kām-i dilam z-ō ba sad hazār ilhāh


محوطه

Borrowed from Arabic مُحَوَّطَة (muḥawwaṭa).


خاصگی

head

خاصگی • (xāsagī)

fa-noun

خاصگی • (xāsagī)

→ Gujarati: ખાસગી (khāsgī)

→ Hindustani: xāsgī

desc

Hindi: ख़ासगी

Hindi: ख़ासगी

Urdu: خَاصْگِی

Urdu: خَاصْگِی

→ Kannada: ಖಾಸಗಿ (khāsagi)

→ Konkani: khājgī, khāsgī

Devanagari script: खाजगी, खासगी

Latin script: khazgi, khasgi

Kannada script: ಖಾಜ್ಗೀ, ಖಾಸ್ಗೀ

→ Marathi:

Devanagari script: खाजगी (khāj̈gī)

Modi script: 𑘏𑘰𑘕𑘐𑘲 (khājgī)

→ Ottoman Turkish: خاصكی (hasseki, haseki)

Turkish: haseki


شمیم

head

شمیم • (šamim)

fa-noun

شمیم • (šamim)

نسیم مشک تاتاری خجل کرد
شمیم زلف عنبر بوی فرخ

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 99”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

The fragrance of her blessed amber-scented locks
Has put the breeze of Tatar musk to shame.

nasīm-i mušk-i tātārī xajil kard
šamīm-i zulf-i anbar bō-yi farrux


کاکو

کاکا کاکا#Persian


مغان

head

مغان • (moğân)


مساعدت

Borrowed from Arabic مُسَاعَدَة (musāʕada).

bor+

عشق خوشست ار مساعدت بود از یار
یار مساعد نه اندکست و نه بسیار

c. 1030, Farrukhī Sīstānī, “Qaṣīda 43”, in دیوان فرخی سیستانی [Dīvān of Farrukhī]:

It is a happy love if there is help from the beloved;
Helpful beloveds are neither few nor many.

išq-i xwaš ast ar musā'adat buwad az yār
yār-i musā'ad na andak ast u na bisyār


تماشاخانه

head

تماشاخانه • (tamâšâxâne)

fa-noun

تماشاخانه • (tamâšâxâne)

[t̪ʰä.mɑː.ʃɑː.xɑː.nǽ]

[t̪ʰä.mɑː.ʃɑː.xɑː.nǽ]

[t̪ʰä.mɑː.ʃɑː.xɑː.nǽ]

[t̪ʰä.mɔː.ʃɔː.xɔː.nǽ]

[t̪ʰæ.mɒː.ʃɒː.xɒː.né]

[t̪ʰä.mɔ.ʃɔ.χɔ.nǽ]

تماشا (tamâšâ, “sight, beholding, spectacle”) + خانه (xâne, “house”).

af

حلقه زلفش تماشاخانه باد صباست
جان صد صاحبدل آن جا بسته یک مو ببین

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 402”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

The loop in her locks of hair are a theater for the zephyr breeze;
Look at the souls of a hundred wise men, bound there to a single hair!

halqa-yi zulfaš tamāšāxāna-yi bād-i sabā-st
jān-i sad sāhib-dil ānjā basta-yi yak mō bibēn


پیر مغان

head

پیر مغان • (pir-e moğân)

fa-noun

پیر مغان • (pir-e moğân)

[pʰíː.ɾɪ mʊ.ɣɑ́ːn]

[pʰíː.ɾɪ mʊ.ɣɑ́ːn]

[pʰíː.ɾɪ mʊ.ɣɑ́ːn]

Literally, “Zoroastrian elder/priest”. Unlike Muslims, Zoroastrians have no prohibition against consuming alcohol and were often associated with taverns in medieval Iran.

تا ز میخانه و می نام و نشان خواهد بود
سر ما خاک ره پیر مغان خواهد بود

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 205”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

As long as our name and title are from the tavern and the wine,
Our head will be upon the earth of the Magian elder's road.

tā zi mayxāna u may nām u nišān xwāhad būd
sar-i mā xāk-i rah-i pīr-i muğān xwāhad būd

(poetic) innkeeper; in particular, a stock figure in poetry who runs the tavern, possesses eccentric wisdom, and initiates the poet into mystical states that can only be reached while intoxicated.


پیشکار

head

پیشکار • (piškâr) (plural پیشکارها (piškâr-hâ) or پیشکاران (piškârân))

piškâr (romanization)
پیشکارها (plural)
پیشکاران (plural)

[peːʃ.ˈkɑːɾ]

[pʰeːʃ.kʰɑ́ːɾ]

[pʰeːʃ.kʰɑ́ːɾ]

[pʰeːʃ.kʰɑ́ːɾ]

[pʰeːʃ.kʰɔ́ːɾ]

[pʰiːʃ.kʰɒ́ːɹ]

[pʰeʃ.kʰɔ́ɾ]

صفنشینان نیکخواه و پیشکاران با ادب
دوستداران صاحباسرار و حریفان دوستکام

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 309”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

Well-wishing attendants and courteous stewards,
Beloveds who keep secrets and companions who please friends.

saf-nišīnān-i nēk-xwāh u pēškārān-i bā adab
dōst-dārān-i sāhib-asrār u harīfān-i dōst-kām


شاهرخ

شاهرخ • (šâhrox)

fa-noun

شاهرخ • (šâhrox)

From شاه (šâh, “king”) + رخ (rox, “face, countenance”).

af

(obsolete) regal countenance; kingly face


شاهرخ

head

شاهرخ • (šâhrox)

fa-noun

شاهرخ • (šâhrox)

From شاه (šâh, “king”) + رخ (rox, “rook”).


شکرانه

head

شکرانه • (šokrâne)

fa-noun

شکرانه • (šokrâne)

[ʃʊk.ɾɑː.nǽ]

[ʃʊk.ɾɑː.nǽ]

[ʃʊk.ɾɑː.nǽ]

به جان او که به شکرانه جان برافشانم
اگر به سوی من آری پیامی از بر دوست

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 61”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

By her soul, I shall pour out my soul in thanks
If you bring me a message from the bosom of that friend.

ba jān-i ō ki ba šukrāna jān bar-afšānam
agar ba sō-yi man ārī payāmē az bar-i dōst


ستاد

head

ستاد • (setâd)

fa-noun

ستاد • (setâd)

[se.t̪ʰɒ́ːd̪̥]


اجزاء

head

اجزاء • (ajzâ')

[ʔad͡ʒ.ˈzɑːʔ]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.zɑ́ːʔ]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.zɑ́ːʔ]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.zɑ́ː]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.zɔ́ː]

[ʔæd͡ʒ.zɒ́ːʔ]

[ʔäd͡ʒ.zɔ́ʔ]


بانی

بانی • (bâni)

fa-noun

بانی • (bâni)


اذعان

head

اذعان • (ez'ân)

fa-noun

اذعان • (ez'ân)


آپرا

head

آپرا • (āprā)

fa-noun

آپرا • (āprā)


اکمال

head

اکمال • (ekmâl)

fa-noun

اکمال • (ekmâl)

Borrowed from Arabic إِكْمَال (ʔikmāl), verbal noun of أَكْمَلَ (ʔakmala).


اکمال

head

اکمال • (ekmâl)

fa-noun

اکمال • (ekmâl)


ابوالهول

Borrowed from Arabic أَبُو الْهَوْل (ʔabū l-hawl).

bor+

أَبُو الْهَوْل


ابو الهول

head

ابو الهول • (âbu l-howl)

fa-noun

ابو الهول • (âbu l-howl)

ابوالهول ابوالهول#Persian

Alternative spelling of ابوالهول (âbu-l-howl, “sphinx”)


محک

Borrowed from Arabic مِحَكّ (miḥakk, “touchstone”)

bor+

یا محک باید میان جان خویش
ور ندانی ره مرو تنها تو پیش

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 747:

Either you must have a touchstone within your own soul,
or if you know not the Way, do not go forward alone.

yā mihakk bāyad miyān-i jān-i xwēš
war na-dānī rah ma-raw tanhā tū pēš


استکمال

head

استکمال • (estelmâl)

fa-noun

استکمال • (estelmâl)

Borrowed from Arabic اِسْتِكْمَال (istikmāl).

bor+

اِسْتِكْمَال

هر که نقص خویش را دید و شناخت
 اندر استکمال خود ده اسبه تاخت

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3212:

Whoever has seen and recognised his own deficiency has galloped with ten horses in perfecting himself.

har ki naqs-i xwēš-rā dīd u šināxt
 andar istikmāl-i xwad dah asba tāxt


سیاهی

head

سیاهی • (siyâhî)

fa-noun

سیاهی • (siyâhî)

→ Assamese: চিয়াঁহী (siãhi)

→ Gujarati: શાહી (śāhī)

→ Hindustani: syāhī

Devanagari script: स्याही

Shahmukhi script: سِئاہی

→ Marathi: शाई (śāī)

→ Kannada: ಶಾಯಿ (śāyi)

→ Punjabi: siāhī

Gurmukhi script: ਸਿਆਹੀ

Shahmukhi script: سِئاہی

→ Rohingya: cíai

→ Santali: ᱥᱤᱭᱟᱦᱤ (siyahi)


صبیه

Borrowed from Arabic صَبِيَّة (ṣabiyya).

Coordinate term: صبی (sabi)


صبی

Coordinate term: صبیه (sabiyye)


حسرات

head

حسرات • (hasrāt)

fa-noun

حسرات • (hasrāt)

[häs.ɾɑ́ːt̪]

[häs.ɾɑ́ːt̪]

[ʔäs.ɾɑ́ːt̪]

[ʔäs.ɾɔ́ːt̪]

[hæs.ɹɒ́ːt̪]

حسرت حسرت#Persian


پاک دل

head

پاک دل • (pāk dil)

fa-noun

پاک دل • (pāk dil)

From پاک (pāk, “clean”) + دل (dil, “heart”).


پارسل

head

پارسل • (pārsal)

fa-noun

پارسل • (pārsal)

[pʰɔːɾ.säl̥]

Ultimately from English parcel, possibly via Hindustani पार्सल (pārsal) / پارْسَل (pārsal),


پارسی بان

head

پارسی بان • (pārsī bān)

fa-noun

پارسی بان • (pārsī bān)

Uncertain. But possibly from Pashto پارسیوان (pârsiwân), especially as پارسی (pārsī) is generally less common than فارسی (fārsī) in Persian, so this term being predominantly spelt with a پ (p) would be unusual if not from Pashto.

A Persian speaker (from Afghanistan, i.e. A Dari speaker)


حکیم‌جی

head

حکیمجی • (hakīm-jī)

fa-noun

حکیمجی • (hakīm-jī)

حکیمجی (canonical)
hakīm-jī (romanization)

Borrowed from Hindustani हकीम जी (hakīm jī) / حَکِیم جی (hakīm jī). By surface analysis, حکیم (hakīm, “doctor”) + جی (jī, honorific particle).


صاحب قران

head

صاحب قران • (sâheb qerân)

fa-noun

صاحب قران • (sâheb qerân)

صاحبقران صاحبقران#Persian

Alternative spelling of صاحبقران (sâhebqerân)


صاحبقران

head

صاحبقران • (sâhebqerân)

fa-noun

صاحبقران • (sâhebqerân)

[sɑː.ɦɪb.qɪ.ɾɑ́ːn]

[sɑː.ɦɪb.qɪ.ɾɑ́ːn]

صاحب (sâheb, “owner, lord, master”) + قران (qerân, “astronomical conjunction”): "Master of the Conjunction," a king whose success is foretold by astrological conjunctions at the time of his birth.

af

صاحبقران ملک دلبری که هر زمان
از تیغ غمزه فتح شده ملک دیگرش

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 75:

Master of the Conjunction of the realm of capturing lovers' hearts, for whom every time
Another realm is conquered by the blade of her amorous winks.

sāhibqirān-i mulk-i dilbarī ki har zamān
az tēğ-i ğamza fath šuda mulk-i dīgaraš

(historical) "Master of the Conjunction": a laudatory royal title, especially associated with the fourteenth-century warlord Timur.


ترکتاز

head

ترکتاز • (torktâz)

fa-noun

ترکتاز • (torktâz)

[t̪ʰʊɾk.t̪ʰɑ́ːz]

[t̪ʰʊɾk.t̪ʰɑ́ːz]

[t̪ʰʊɾk.t̪ʰɑ́ːz]

[t̪ʰuɾk.t̪ʰɔ́ːz]

[t̪ʰoɹkʲ.t̪ʰɒ́ːz]

ترک (tork, “Turk”) + تاز (tâz, present stem of تاختن (tâxtan, “to gallop, to assault, to raid”)): "Turkish raid."

af

تاز
<pos:present stem of <i class="Arab fa-Arab mention" lang="fa">تاختن</i> (tâxtan, “to gallop, to assault, to raid”)>

جایی که ترکتاز ستم آرد از عتاب
آنجا بگرد ظلم رود صد هزار عدل

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 78:

At the place where she brings forth a chevauchee of oppression from her rebukes,
Justice goes around tyranny there a hundred thousand-fold.

jāyē ki turktāz-i sitam ārad az itāb
ānjā ba-gird-i zulm rawad sad hazār adl


پامادور

head

پامادور • (pâmâdor)

fa-noun

پامادور • (pâmâdor)

Borrowed from Russian помидор (pomidor).

(dialectal, Ardabil, Gilan, Mazandaran) tomato


سیاهی لشکر

head

سیاهی لشکر • (siyâhi laškar)

fa-noun

سیاهی لشکر • (siyâhi laškar)

[si.jɒː.ɦíː.læʃ.kʰʲǽɹ]

From سیاهی لشکر (siyâhi-ye laškar, “large military host; multitude of troops”).

فیلمهایی که بیشترین سیاهی لشکر را داشتند

the films which featured the most extras

filmhâyi ke bištarin siyâhi laškar râ dâštand

(cinematography) extra, background actor


سیاهی لشکر

Literally, “blackness of the army”: such a large army that it appears as a mass of blackness.

اینک بغمزه صفزده مژگان کافرش
در دیدهها نمود سیاهی لشکرش

Behold how her infidel eyelashes, with amorous winks arranged in ranks,
Display in her eyes her multitude of warriors.

īnak ba-ğamza-yi saf-zada mužagān-i kāfar-aš
dar dīda-hā namūd siyāhī-yi laškar-aš

(obsolete) multitude of soldiers; enormous army


دردانه

head

دردانه • (dordâne)

fa-noun

دردانه • (dordâne)

[d̪ʊɾ.d̪ɑː.nǽ]

[d̪ʊɾ.d̪ɑː.nǽ]

[d̪ʊɾ.d̪ɑː.nǽ]

در (dor, “pearl”) + دانه (dâne, “seed, grain”).

af

خورشید اوج حسن مه آسمان لطف
دردانه جهان صدف روزگار هم

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 80:

[The beloved is] the sun in the apex of beauty, the moon in the heaven of grace,
The pearl of the world, and the pearl oyster of the age as well.

xwaršēd-i awj-i husn mah-i āsmān-i lutf
durdāna-yi jahān sadaf-i rōzgār ham


ساداوران

head

ساداوران • (sādāwarān)

fa-noun

ساداوران • (sādāwarān)

desc

→ Arabic: سَادَوَرَان (sādawarān), سَادَاوَرَان (sādāwarān), سَادْآوَرَان (sādʔāwarān), سَادِرْوَان (sādirwān), سَاذَوَرَان (sāḏawarān), سَاذِرْوَان (sāḏirwān)

Uncertain constituent words, which were deformed. Dozy sees *سیاه داوران (*siyāh-i dāwarān, “black [habit of] judges”), Corriente or his ghostwriters in the same a reinterpretation of *سیاه درون (*siyāh-i darūn, “black insides”). We may suspect instead that the present plant name preserves some word’s unattested byform as is recognized for پرسیاوشان (parsiyāwušān).

Juglans regia
Juglans regia#Translingual


احتضار

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احتضار • (ehtezâr)

fa-noun

احتضار • (ehtezâr)

[ʔe̞ɦ.t̪ʰɪ.zɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔe̞ɦ.t̪ʰɪ.zɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔɪ.t̪ʰɪ.zɑ́ːɾ]

[ʔeɦ.t̪ʰe.zɒ́ːɹ]

Borrowed from Arabic اِحْتِضَار (iḥtiḍār).


نقش و نگار

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نقش و نگار • (naqš o negâr)

fa-noun

نقش و نگار • (naqš o negâr)

[nǽq.ʃʊ nɪ.ɡɑ́ːɾ]

[nǽq.ʃʊ nɪ.ɡɑ́ːɾ]

[nǽqʃʊ nɪ.ɡɑ́ːɾ]

[nǽɢ.ʃo ne.ɡɒ́ːɹ]

هم گلستان خیالم ز تو پر نقش و نگار
هم مشام دلم از زلف سمنسای تو خوش

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 287”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

The garden of my imagination is full of decoration thanks to you,
My heart's sense of smell is pleased by your jasmine-rubbing locks.

ham gulistān-i xayālam zi tō pur naqš u nigār
ham mašām-i dilam az zulf-i saman-sā-yi tu xwaš

هر بیت من چو بیت مقدس ز روی حسن
محتاج نیست هیچ بنقش و نگار هم

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 81:

Due to the face of his beauty, my every verse is like the Holy Temple [in Jerusalem],
Nobody is in need of paintings and images either.

har bayt-i man čū bayt-i maqdis zi rō-yi husn
muhtāj nēst hēč ba-naqš u nigār ham

ornamentation; decorations and adornment; paintings and images


پرند

[pʰä.ɾǽn̪d̪]

[pʰä.ɾǽn̪d̪]

[pʰä.ɾǽn̪d̪]

[pʰä.ɾǽn̪d̪̥]

[pʰæ.ɹǽn̪d̪̥]

[pʰä.ɾǽn̪d̪]

Compare Sogdian [script needed] (pryng /paring/, “damask textile with markings on it”).


میوجات

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میوجات • (mivejât)

میوهجات میوهجات#Persian


خرت و پرت

[xéɹ.t̪ʰo pʰéɹt̪]


گلبن

From گل (gol, “rose”) + بن (bon, “bush”).

ای گلبن دولت که شود زنده جاوید
سر گر کند از عشق تو بردار بنفشه

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 85:

O rosebush of fortune that shall live forever!
If it is blossoming out of love for you, pick up the pansy.

ay gulbun-i dawlat ki šawad zinda-yi jāwēd
sar gar kunad az išq-i tō bardār banafša


زریون

Same as Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬹𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬥𐬀 (zaⁱri gaona, “golden; green”), compound of Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (zaⁱri) and Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬥𐬀 (gaona), the first component being Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰárHiš.


دهقانی

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دهقانی • (dehqâni)

fa-noun

دهقانی • (dehqâni)

[d̪eɦ.ɢɒː.níː]

From دهقان (dehqân, “farmer, peasant”) + ـی (-i).

af

چه سازم از دلم جز میوه دردت که حاصل نیست
در این جایی که تیغ غمزهات کردست دهقانی

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 91:

What shall I make of my heart save the fruit of love-pain for you? For there is no harvest
In this place where the tillage has been done by the blade of your flirting winks.

či sāzam az dilam juz mēwa-yi dardat ki hāsil nēst
dar īn jāyē ki tēğ-i ğamza'at kardast dihqānī


کبوترها

کبوتر کبوتر#Persian


کبوتران

کبوتر کبوتر#Persian


آته

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

All family names ending in a vowel may have an epenthetic ـی added

but the latter is more common in Afghanistan


مولایی

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مولایی • (mowlâyi)

fa-noun

مولایی • (mowlâyi)

هر کرا حکم تو راند ز سراپرده حال
نه ز تقوی بودش بهره نه از مولایی

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 92:

Whoever Your decree has driven away from the pavilion of mystical states
Shall find no profit from piety nor from lordship.

har ki-rā hukm-i tō rānd zi sarāparda-yi hāl
na zi taqwā buwadaš bahra na az mawlāyī


دریغ

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دریغ • (deriğ)

fa-noun

دریغ • (deriğ)

ندارم جز نگاهی آرزو زان نرگس رعنا
مدار از من دریغ این لطف را چنانکه بتوانی

I have no desire except for a single look from those fair narcissi[-like eyes of yours];
Do not withhold this grace from me, insofar as you are able.

nadāram juz nigāhē ārzū z-ān nargis-i ra'nā
madār az man dirēğ īn lutf rā činānki bitawānī


تسکین

[t̪ʰæs.kʰʲíːn]

soothing, alleviation, appeasing, calming down, comfort


کونین

Borrowed from Arabic كَوْنَيْن (kawnayn), dual of كَوْن (kawn).

bor+

چنان خواهم سلیمی کز همه کونین باشم فرد
میان عاشقان باری چنین مفرد کنم خود را

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 96:

I, Selim, desire to be solitary in all the two existences;
In short, in the midst of lovers, I shall single myself out like this.

čunān xwāham salīmī k-az hama kawnayn bāšam fard
miyān-i āšiqān bārē čunīn mufrad kunam xwad rā

(Islam) the two kinds of existence: the material world and the spiritual world


میکده

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میکده • (meykade) (plural میکدهها (meykade-hâ))

→ Azerbaijani: meygədə, meykədə

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: मयकदा (maykadā)

Urdu: مَیْکَدَہ (maykada)

→ Ottoman Turkish: میكده (meykede)


سحر حلال

[sɪ́ɦ.ɾɪ hä.lɑ́ːl]

[sɪ́ɦ.ɾɪ hä.lɑ́ːl]

[sɪ́.ɾɪ ʔä.lɑ́ːl]

[sí.ɾi ʔä.lɔ́ːl̥]

Literally, “halal (religiously permissible) sorcery”.

lit

چون سلیم از صفت چشم تو سرگردانم
گرچه در شعر بسی سحر حلال است مرا

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 100:

Like Selim, I am bedazzled by the quality of your eyes,
Though there is much licit [literary] magic in my poetry.

čūn salīm az sifat-i čašm-i tō sargardānam
garči dar ši'r basē sihr-i halāl ast ma-rā


ایثار

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ایثار • (isâr)

fa-noun

ایثار • (isâr)

حیف کآنجا بهر جان دادن مرا خود راه نیست
کس بسویش هم نبرد از ننگ ایثار مرا

A pity that I myself have no way to offer my soul [to the beloved];
Out of shame, nobody has taken my generous gift to her side.

hayf k-ānjā bahr-i jān dādan ma-rā xwad rāh nēst
kas ba-sōyaš ham na-burd az nang īsār-i ma-rā


جمعیت خاطر

[d͡ʒäm.ʔi.jǽ.t̪ʰɪ xɑː.t̪ʰɪ́ɾ]

[d͡ʒäm.ʔi.jǽ.t̪ʰɪ xɑː.t̪ʰɪ́ɾ]

[d͡ʒä.mi.jǽ.t̪ʰɪ xɑː.t̪ʰɪ́ɾ]

[d͡ʒäm.ʔi.jǽ.t̪ʰi χɔ.t̪ʰíɾ]

ای رفیق از من دگر جمعیت خاطر مجو
زانکه حال از حسرت زلف پریشان شد مرا

O friend, do not seek peace of mind from me any more,
Because my state of mind is in shambles out of chagrin for her locks.

ay rafīq az man digar jam'iyat-i xātir majō
z-ān-ki hāl az hasrat-i zulf parēšān šud ma-rā


جحیم

دوزخی ملامتم شوی جنان چه سان روم
بلک ز سوزش تنم تنگ بود جحیم را

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 103:

I am an inmate of the Hell of reproach! How shall I go towards Paradise?
Rather, due to its burning, my body has become too tight for Hell.

dōzaxī-yi malāmatam šō-yi jinān či sān rawam
balk zi sōziš tanam tang buwad jahīm rā


زمینه

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زمینه • (zamine) (plural زمینهها (zamine-hâ))

زمینه سفید

زمینه تصویر زیبا

متخصص در زمینههای مختلف


ماه پاره

ماه پاره • (mâh pâre)

fa-noun

ماه پاره • (mâh pâre)

[mɑːɦ.pʰɑː.ɾǽ]

[mɑːɦ.pʰɑː.ɾǽ]

[mɑː.pʰɑː.ɾǽ]

[mɔː.pʰɔː.ɾǽ]

[mɒːɦ.pʰɒː.ɹé]

[mɔɦ.pʰɔ.ɾǽ]

(literal) piece of the moon; shard of the moon


توفیق

ما بخود پا ننهادیم درین ره هرگز
همه جا مرشد توفیق بود رهبر ما

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 107:

I have never set foot on this road on my own;
Everywhere, the spiritual master of divine grace was my guide.

mā ba-xwad pā nanihādēm dar īn rah hargiz
hama jā muršid-i tawfīq būd rahbar-i mā

grace, favor; (especially) divine grace, God's grace


ادیار

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ادیار • (adyâr)


چاینک

چاینک • (čāynak)

fa-noun

چاینک • (čāynak)


سیه

Metrical variant, with shortened vowel used to fit the poetic meter.

سیاه سیاه#Persian


چای‌بر

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چایبر • (čāy-bar)

fa-noun

چایبر • (čāy-bar)

چایبر (canonical)
čāy-bar (romanization)

[t͡ʃʰɑːj.bäɾ]

[t͡ʃʰɑːj.bäɾ]

[t͡ʃʰɑːj.bäɾ]

[t͡ʃʰäj.bäɾ]

a large teapot (especially one meant for large gatherings)


کجک

[kʰʲæ.d͡ʒǽkʲ]

کج (kaj, “crooked”) + ـک (-ak, diminutive suffix).

af

فیلان مست عرصه هندوستان شدند
از زخم تیغ چون کجک شاه هوشیار

c. 1649, Ṣāʾib-i Tabrīzī, “On the conquest of Qandahār and praise of Shah ʿAbbās II”, in دیوان [Dīvān]:

The rutting elephants of India's battlefields became
Sober from the wound of the king's blade, which is like the elephant goad.

fīlān-i mast-i arsa-yi hindūstān šudand
az zaxm-i tēğ-i čūn kajak-i šāh hōšyār


سیه بهار

[si.jǽʱ bä.ɦɑ́ːɾ]

[si.jǽʱ bä.ɦɑ́ːɾ]

[si.jǽ bɑːɑ́ːɾ]

[si.jǽ bɔːɔ́ːɾ]

[si.jǽʱ bæ.ɦɒ́ːɹ]

Literally, “black spring”, "black" apparently in the sense of "dark green," i.e. luxuriant.

از خرمی نماند اثر در ریاض هند
در برگریز روی نهاد آن سیه بهار

In the gardens of India, no trace remained of joy;
That verdant spring was facing autumntime.

az khurramī na-mānd asar dar riyāz-i hind
dar bargrēz rōy nihād ān siyah bahār


کیمخت

از مهرههای گردن پامال گشتگان
گردید ادیم خاک چو کیمخت دانهدار

Out of the necklace beads of those [Indian soldiers] trampled underfoot,
The skin of the earth became like granulated chamois.

az muhra-yi gardan-i pāmāl gaštagān
gardīd adīm-i xāk čū kīmuxt-i dāna-dār


چای‌جوش

head

چایجوش • (čāy-jōš)

fa-noun

چایجوش • (čāy-jōš)

چایجوش (canonical)
čāy-jōš (romanization)

[t͡ʃʰɑːj.d͡ʒoːʃ]

[t͡ʃʰɑːj.d͡ʒoːʃ]

[t͡ʃʰɑːj.d͡ʒoːʃ]

[t͡ʃʰäj.d͡ʒʊːʃ]

[t͡ʃʰɔj.d͡ʒɵʃ]

From چای (čāy／čây, “tea”) + جوش (jōš／juš, “boil”).

af

teakettle (kettle mainly used mainly for tea)


مسکن

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مسکن • (maskan) (plural مساکن (masâken))

Borrowed from Arabic مَسْكَن (maskan, “residence”)

bor+

ساعد شه مسکن این باز باد
تا ابد بر خلق این در باز باد

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 9:

May this falcon's resting-place be the fore-arm of the King!
May this gate (to the Truth) be open to (all) the people unto everlasting!

sa'id-i šah maskan īn bāz bād
tā abad bar xalq īn dar bāz bād


دوستدار

head

دوستدار • (dustdâr)

fa-noun

دوستدار • (dustdâr)

[d̪oːst̪.d̪ɑ́ːɾ]

[d̪oːst̪.d̪ɑ́ːɾ]

[d̪oːst̪.d̪ɑ́ːɾ]

[d̪ʊːst̪.d̪ɔ́ːɾ]

[d̪uːst̪.d̪ɒ́ːɹ]

[d̪ɵst̪.d̪ɔ́ɾ]

Compound of دوست (dust, “friend”) + ـدار (-dâr, suffix indicating ownership)

af

هر چه کاری از برای او بکار
چون اسیر دوستی ای دوستدار

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 1062:

Whatever you sow, sow for His sake,
inasmuch as you are the Beloved's captive, O lover.

har či kārī az barāy-i ō bi-kār
čōn asīr-i dōst-ē ay dōstdār


سبو

چند بازی عشق با نقش سبو
بگذر از نقش سبو رو آب جو

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 1021:

How long will you play at loving the shape of the jug?
Leave the shape of the jug; go, seek the water.

čand bāzī 'išq bā naqš-i sabō
bi-guzar az naqš-i sabō raw āb jō