"چغندر" meaning in Persian

See چغندر in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [t͡ʃu.ɣun.ˈduɾ] [Classical-Persian], [t͡ʃu.ɣun.ˈdaɾ] [Classical-Persian], [t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ʊ́ɾ] [Dari, formal], [t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ǽɾ] [Dari, formal], [t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ʊ́ɾ] [Dari, formal], [t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ǽɾ] [Dari, formal], [t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ʊ́ɾ] [Kabuli], [t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ǽɾ] [Kabuli], [t͡ʃʰu.ɣun̪.d̪úɾ] (note: Hazaragi), [t͡ʃʰu.ɣun̪.d̪ǽɾ] (note: Hazaragi), [t͡ʃʰo.ɢon̪.d̪ǽɹ] [Iran, formal], [t͡ʃʰo.ɢon̪.d̪úːɹ] [Iran, formal], [t͡ʃʰu.ʁun̪.d̪úɾ] [Tajik, formal], [t͡ʃʰu.ʁun̪.d̪ǽɾ] [Tajik, formal] Forms: classical čuğundar [romanization], čuğundur [romanization], iranian čoğondar [romanization], čoğondur [romanization]
Etymology: Bailey derives from Proto-Iranian *čak- (“be pointed, horned”) (compare Khotanese [script needed] (cakurīka-, “wood sorrel”), Persian چکش (čakoš, “hammer”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kek-, *kenk-, *keg-, *keng- (“be pointed; hook, peg”), on which see Pokorny. An improbable origin from Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł) has also been suggested. Cognate with Kurdish çewender, چەوەندەر (çewender), Gurani چۆنڎەری (čōnḓarī), Talysh чәғынде (“beet”); çəğınde, Northern Kurdish çarkindêle (“beet; carrot”) and the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł, “beet”), Old Georgian ჭაკუნტელი (č̣aḳunṭeli), Chinese 莙薘/莙荙 (jūndá, “chard”). Etymology templates: {{der|fa|ira-pro|*čak-||be pointed, horned}} Proto-Iranian *čak- (“be pointed, horned”), {{cog|kho|t=wood sorrel|tr=cakurīka-}} Khotanese [script needed] (cakurīka-, “wood sorrel”), {{cog|fa|چکش||hammer|tr=čakoš}} Persian چکش (čakoš, “hammer”), {{der|fa|ine-pro|*kek-}} Proto-Indo-European *kek-, {{m|ine-pro|*kenk-}} *kenk-, {{m|ine-pro|*keg-}} *keg-, {{m|ine-pro|*keng-||be pointed; hook, peg}} *keng- (“be pointed; hook, peg”), {{cog|xcl|ճակնդեղ}} Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł), {{cog|ku|-}} Kurdish, {{m|kmr|çewender}} çewender, {{m|ckb|چەوەندەر}} چەوەندەر (çewender), {{cog|hac|چۆنڎەری|tr=čōnḓarī}} Gurani چۆنڎەری (čōnḓarī), {{cog|tly|чәғынде|t=beet}} Talysh чәғынде (“beet”), {{cog|kmr|çarkindêle||beet; carrot}} Northern Kurdish çarkindêle (“beet; carrot”), {{cog|xcl|ճակնդեղ||beet}} Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł, “beet”), {{cog|oge|ჭაკუნტელი}} Old Georgian ჭაკუნტელი (č̣aḳunṭeli), {{cog|zh|莙薘||chard|tr=jūndá}} Chinese 莙薘/莙荙 (jūndá, “chard”) Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|tr=classical čuğundar, čuğundur, iranian čoğondar, čoğondur}} چغندر • (classical čuğundar, čuğundur, iranian čoğondar, čoğondur)
  1. beet Categories (lifeform): Amaranths and goosefoots, Vegetables Synonyms: چقندر (čoqondar, čoqondor), چکندر (čukundar, čukundur), چگندر (čugundar, čugundur), چندر (čundar, čundur)
    Sense id: en-چغندر-fa-noun-j~RJ3Ppu Categories (other): Chinese terms with redundant transliterations, Persian entries with incorrect language header

Download JSON data for چغندر meaning in Persian (9.7kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ps",
            "2": "چغندر",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "čuğundar"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Pashto: چغندر (čuğundar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Pashto: چغندر (čuğundar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "çuğundur",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: çuğundur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Azerbaijani: çuğundur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gu",
            "2": "ચુકનદાર",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Gujarati: ચુકનદાર (cukandār)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Gujarati: ચુકનદાર (cukandār)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "چوكندر",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "çükündür, çökündür, çügündür, çükündur, çükundur"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: چوكندر (çükündür, çökündür, çügündür, çükündur, çükundur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: چوكندر (çükündür, çökündür, çügündür, çükündur, çükundur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "çükündür",
            "3": "çökündür"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: çükündür, çökündür",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: çükündür, çökündür"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "чукунду́р",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bulgarian: чукунду́р (čukundúr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bulgarian: чукунду́р (čukundúr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lad",
            "2": "chukundur",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ladino: chukundur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ladino: chukundur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "axm",
            "2": "չքնտուր",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: չքնտուր (čʿkʿntur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle Armenian: չքնտուր (čʿkʿntur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Syrmia, obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(Syrmia, obsolete)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: (Syrmia, obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "чуку̀ндрук",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: чуку̀ндрук",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: чуку̀ндрук"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "čukùndruk",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: čukùndruk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: čukùndruk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "сөгөлдөр",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bashkir: сөгөлдөр (sögöldör)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bashkir: сөгөлдөр (sögöldör)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv",
            "2": "чĕкĕнтĕр",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Chuvash: чĕкĕнтĕр (čĕkĕntĕr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Chuvash: чĕкĕнтĕр (čĕkĕntĕr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tk",
            "2": "şugundyr",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Turkmen: şugundyr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Turkmen: şugundyr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "чөгендер",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Tatar: чөгендер (çögender)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Tatar: чөгендер (çögender)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krc",
            "2": "чюгюндюр",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Karachay-Balkar: чюгюндюр (çügündür)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Karachay-Balkar: чюгюндюр (çügündür)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "चुक़न्दर",
            "3": "चुकंदर",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindi: चुक़न्दर (cuqandar), चुकंदर (cukandar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindi: चुक़न्दर (cuqandar), चुकंदर (cukandar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "چقندر",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "cuqandar"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Urdu: چقندر (cuqandar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Urdu: چقندر (cuqandar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lez",
            "2": "чугъундур",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Lezgi: чугъундур (čuġundur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Lezgi: чугъундур (čuġundur)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*čak-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "be pointed, horned"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *čak- (“be pointed, horned”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kho",
        "t": "wood sorrel",
        "tr": "cakurīka-"
      },
      "expansion": "Khotanese [script needed] (cakurīka-, “wood sorrel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "چکش",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hammer",
        "tr": "čakoš"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian چکش (čakoš, “hammer”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kek-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kek-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*kenk-"
      },
      "expansion": "*kenk-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*keg-"
      },
      "expansion": "*keg-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*keng-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "be pointed; hook, peg"
      },
      "expansion": "*keng- (“be pointed; hook, peg”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ճակնդեղ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ku",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Kurdish",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "çewender"
      },
      "expansion": "çewender",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ckb",
        "2": "چەوەندەر"
      },
      "expansion": "چەوەندەر (çewender)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hac",
        "2": "چۆنڎەری",
        "tr": "čōnḓarī"
      },
      "expansion": "Gurani چۆنڎەری (čōnḓarī)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tly",
        "2": "чәғынде",
        "t": "beet"
      },
      "expansion": "Talysh чәғынде (“beet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "çarkindêle",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beet; carrot"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Kurdish çarkindêle (“beet; carrot”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ճակնդեղ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beet"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł, “beet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oge",
        "2": "ჭაკუნტელი"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Georgian ჭაკუნტელი (č̣aḳunṭeli)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "莙薘",
        "3": "",
        "4": "chard",
        "tr": "jūndá"
      },
      "expansion": "Chinese 莙薘/莙荙 (jūndá, “chard”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Bailey derives from Proto-Iranian *čak- (“be pointed, horned”) (compare Khotanese [script needed] (cakurīka-, “wood sorrel”), Persian چکش (čakoš, “hammer”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kek-, *kenk-, *keg-, *keng- (“be pointed; hook, peg”), on which see Pokorny.\nAn improbable origin from Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł) has also been suggested.\nCognate with Kurdish çewender, چەوەندەر (çewender), Gurani چۆنڎەری (čōnḓarī), Talysh чәғынде (“beet”); çəğınde, Northern Kurdish çarkindêle (“beet; carrot”) and the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł, “beet”), Old Georgian ჭაკუნტელი (č̣aḳunṭeli), Chinese 莙薘/莙荙 (jūndá, “chard”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "classical čuğundar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuğundur",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iranian čoğondar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čoğondur",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "tr": "classical čuğundar, čuğundur, iranian čoğondar, čoğondur"
      },
      "expansion": "چغندر • (classical čuğundar, čuğundur, iranian čoğondar, čoğondur)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Amaranths and goosefoots",
          "orig": "fa:Amaranths and goosefoots",
          "parents": [
            "Caryophyllales order plants",
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Vegetables",
          "orig": "fa:Vegetables",
          "parents": [
            "Foods",
            "Plants",
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Lifeforms",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beet"
      ],
      "id": "en-چغندر-fa-noun-j~RJ3Ppu",
      "links": [
        [
          "beet",
          "beet"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "čoqondar, čoqondor",
          "word": "چقندر"
        },
        {
          "roman": "čukundar, čukundur",
          "word": "چکندر"
        },
        {
          "roman": "čugundar, čugundur",
          "word": "چگندر"
        },
        {
          "roman": "čundar, čundur",
          "word": "چندر"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃu.ɣun.ˈduɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃu.ɣun.ˈdaɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ʊ́ɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ʊ́ɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ʊ́ɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰu.ɣun̪.d̪úɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰu.ɣun̪.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰo.ɢon̪.d̪ǽɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰo.ɢon̪.d̪úːɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰu.ʁun̪.d̪úɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰu.ʁun̪.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "چغندر"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ps",
            "2": "چغندر",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "čuğundar"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Pashto: چغندر (čuğundar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Pashto: چغندر (čuğundar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "çuğundur",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: çuğundur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Azerbaijani: çuğundur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gu",
            "2": "ચુકનદાર",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Gujarati: ચુકનદાર (cukandār)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Gujarati: ચુકનદાર (cukandār)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "چوكندر",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "çükündür, çökündür, çügündür, çükündur, çükundur"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: چوكندر (çükündür, çökündür, çügündür, çükündur, çükundur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: چوكندر (çükündür, çökündür, çügündür, çükündur, çükundur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "çükündür",
            "3": "çökündür"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: çükündür, çökündür",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: çükündür, çökündür"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "чукунду́р",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bulgarian: чукунду́р (čukundúr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bulgarian: чукунду́р (čukundúr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lad",
            "2": "chukundur",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ladino: chukundur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ladino: chukundur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "axm",
            "2": "չքնտուր",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: չքնտուր (čʿkʿntur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle Armenian: չքնտուր (čʿkʿntur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Syrmia, obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(Syrmia, obsolete)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: (Syrmia, obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "чуку̀ндрук",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: чуку̀ндрук",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: чуку̀ндрук"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "čukùndruk",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: čukùndruk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: čukùndruk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "сөгөлдөр",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bashkir: сөгөлдөр (sögöldör)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bashkir: сөгөлдөр (sögöldör)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv",
            "2": "чĕкĕнтĕр",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Chuvash: чĕкĕнтĕр (čĕkĕntĕr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Chuvash: чĕкĕнтĕр (čĕkĕntĕr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tk",
            "2": "şugundyr",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Turkmen: şugundyr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Turkmen: şugundyr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "чөгендер",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Tatar: чөгендер (çögender)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Tatar: чөгендер (çögender)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krc",
            "2": "чюгюндюр",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Karachay-Balkar: чюгюндюр (çügündür)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Karachay-Balkar: чюгюндюр (çügündür)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "चुक़न्दर",
            "3": "चुकंदर",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindi: चुक़न्दर (cuqandar), चुकंदर (cukandar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindi: चुक़न्दर (cuqandar), चुकंदर (cukandar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "چقندر",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "cuqandar"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Urdu: چقندر (cuqandar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Urdu: چقندر (cuqandar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lez",
            "2": "чугъундур",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Lezgi: чугъундур (čuġundur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Lezgi: чугъундур (čuġundur)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*čak-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "be pointed, horned"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *čak- (“be pointed, horned”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kho",
        "t": "wood sorrel",
        "tr": "cakurīka-"
      },
      "expansion": "Khotanese [script needed] (cakurīka-, “wood sorrel”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "چکش",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hammer",
        "tr": "čakoš"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian چکش (čakoš, “hammer”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kek-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kek-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*kenk-"
      },
      "expansion": "*kenk-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*keg-"
      },
      "expansion": "*keg-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*keng-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "be pointed; hook, peg"
      },
      "expansion": "*keng- (“be pointed; hook, peg”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ճակնդեղ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ku",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Kurdish",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "çewender"
      },
      "expansion": "çewender",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ckb",
        "2": "چەوەندەر"
      },
      "expansion": "چەوەندەر (çewender)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hac",
        "2": "چۆنڎەری",
        "tr": "čōnḓarī"
      },
      "expansion": "Gurani چۆنڎەری (čōnḓarī)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tly",
        "2": "чәғынде",
        "t": "beet"
      },
      "expansion": "Talysh чәғынде (“beet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "çarkindêle",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beet; carrot"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Kurdish çarkindêle (“beet; carrot”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ճակնդեղ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "beet"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł, “beet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oge",
        "2": "ჭაკუნტელი"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Georgian ჭაკუნტელი (č̣aḳunṭeli)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "莙薘",
        "3": "",
        "4": "chard",
        "tr": "jūndá"
      },
      "expansion": "Chinese 莙薘/莙荙 (jūndá, “chard”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Bailey derives from Proto-Iranian *čak- (“be pointed, horned”) (compare Khotanese [script needed] (cakurīka-, “wood sorrel”), Persian چکش (čakoš, “hammer”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kek-, *kenk-, *keg-, *keng- (“be pointed; hook, peg”), on which see Pokorny.\nAn improbable origin from Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł) has also been suggested.\nCognate with Kurdish çewender, چەوەندەر (çewender), Gurani چۆنڎەری (čōnḓarī), Talysh чәғынде (“beet”); çəğınde, Northern Kurdish çarkindêle (“beet; carrot”) and the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł, “beet”), Old Georgian ჭაკუნტელი (č̣aḳunṭeli), Chinese 莙薘/莙荙 (jūndá, “chard”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "classical čuğundar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čuğundur",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iranian čoğondar",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "čoğondur",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "tr": "classical čuğundar, čuğundur, iranian čoğondar, čoğondur"
      },
      "expansion": "چغندر • (classical čuğundar, čuğundur, iranian čoğondar, čoğondur)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Persian lemmas",
        "Persian nouns",
        "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
        "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Requests for native script for Khotanese terms",
        "fa:Amaranths and goosefoots",
        "fa:Vegetables"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beet"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beet",
          "beet"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃu.ɣun.ˈduɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃu.ɣun.ˈdaɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ʊ́ɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ʊ́ɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ʊ́ɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰʊ.ɣʊn̪.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰu.ɣun̪.d̪úɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰu.ɣun̪.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰo.ɢon̪.d̪ǽɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰo.ɢon̪.d̪úːɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰu.ʁun̪.d̪úɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃʰu.ʁun̪.d̪ǽɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "čoqondar, čoqondor",
      "word": "چقندر"
    },
    {
      "roman": "čukundar, čukundur",
      "word": "چکندر"
    },
    {
      "roman": "čugundar, čugundur",
      "word": "چگندر"
    },
    {
      "roman": "čundar, čundur",
      "word": "چندر"
    }
  ],
  "word": "چغندر"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.