See پیش in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for پیش meaning in Persian (19.7kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "before, pre-, past, beside",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sort": "",
"tr": "pyš",
"ts": "pēš"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"t": "before, pre-, past, beside",
"tr": "pyš",
"ts": "pēš"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"t": "against",
"tr": "patiš"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (patiš, “against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pati-",
"t": "against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"t": "in front; first"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front; first”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"t": "in front, before",
"tr": "paišiyā"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (paišiyā, “in front, before”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pasya-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pasya-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pas-",
"t": "to observe, look"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pas- (“to observe, look”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*kacyápah",
"t": "tortoise, turtle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *kacyápah (“tortoise, turtle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "کشف",
"t": "tortoise, turtle",
"tr": "kašaf"
},
"expansion": "Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-",
"t": "to see, look, observe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to see, look, observe”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pati-aši-",
"t": "before or against one's eyes"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati-aši- (“before or against one's eyes”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pati-",
"t": "against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Háši",
"t": "eye"
},
"expansion": "*Háši (“eye”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*Hákši",
"t": "eye"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákši (“eye”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रत्यक्ष",
"t": "present before the eyes, obvious, clear"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa, “present before the eyes, obvious, clear”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”), of unclear further origin. Multiple theories have been proposed:\n* Horn takes the word as a derivative of Old Persian [script needed] (patiš, “against”), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front; first”); this is rejected by Hubschmann.\n* Nyberg considers the word as a southwestern dialectal form of Old Persian [script needed] (paišiyā, “in front, before”); however, he does not elaborate further.\n* Gershevitch derives the word from Proto-Iranian *pasya-, from Proto-Iranian *pas- (“to observe, look”) (with phonetic assimilation of *sy- to š-, ala the shift from Proto-Iranian *kacyápah (“tortoise, turtle”) to Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”)), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to see, look, observe”).\n* Most likely, according to Edelman, is a derivation from an earlier Proto-Iranian *pati-aši- (“before or against one's eyes”), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”) + *Háši (“eye”), the latter from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákši (“eye”). This would make the word an exact cognate with Sanskrit प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa, “present before the eyes, obvious, clear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "piš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "piš",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "پیش • (piš)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "piš"
},
"expansion": "پیش • (piš)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "پس"
},
{
"word": "پشت"
}
],
"glosses": [
"front part"
],
"id": "en-پیش-fa-noun-Dcz676DM",
"links": [
[
"front",
"front"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "before the king; in front of the king",
"roman": "piš-e šâhenšâh",
"text": "پیش شاهنشاه",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in front of, before"
],
"id": "en-پیش-fa-noun-jwtcZiHA",
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with ezâfe) in front of, before"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with ezâfe"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[peːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰiːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "پیش"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "before, pre-, past, beside",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sort": "",
"tr": "pyš",
"ts": "pēš"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"t": "before, pre-, past, beside",
"tr": "pyš",
"ts": "pēš"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"t": "against",
"tr": "patiš"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (patiš, “against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pati-",
"t": "against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"t": "in front; first"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front; first”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"t": "in front, before",
"tr": "paišiyā"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (paišiyā, “in front, before”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pasya-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pasya-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pas-",
"t": "to observe, look"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pas- (“to observe, look”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*kacyápah",
"t": "tortoise, turtle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *kacyápah (“tortoise, turtle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "کشف",
"t": "tortoise, turtle",
"tr": "kašaf"
},
"expansion": "Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-",
"t": "to see, look, observe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to see, look, observe”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pati-aši-",
"t": "before or against one's eyes"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati-aši- (“before or against one's eyes”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pati-",
"t": "against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Háši",
"t": "eye"
},
"expansion": "*Háši (“eye”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*Hákši",
"t": "eye"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákši (“eye”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रत्यक्ष",
"t": "present before the eyes, obvious, clear"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa, “present before the eyes, obvious, clear”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”), of unclear further origin. Multiple theories have been proposed:\n* Horn takes the word as a derivative of Old Persian [script needed] (patiš, “against”), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front; first”); this is rejected by Hubschmann.\n* Nyberg considers the word as a southwestern dialectal form of Old Persian [script needed] (paišiyā, “in front, before”); however, he does not elaborate further.\n* Gershevitch derives the word from Proto-Iranian *pasya-, from Proto-Iranian *pas- (“to observe, look”) (with phonetic assimilation of *sy- to š-, ala the shift from Proto-Iranian *kacyápah (“tortoise, turtle”) to Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”)), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to see, look, observe”).\n* Most likely, according to Edelman, is a derivation from an earlier Proto-Iranian *pati-aši- (“before or against one's eyes”), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”) + *Háši (“eye”), the latter from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákši (“eye”). This would make the word an exact cognate with Sanskrit प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa, “present before the eyes, obvious, clear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "piš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tr": "piš"
},
"expansion": "پیش • (piš)",
"name": "fa-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "five hours ago",
"roman": "panj sâ'at-e piš",
"text": "پنج ساعت پیش",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "last week",
"roman": "hafte-ye piš",
"text": "هفته پیش",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ago, before, past"
],
"id": "en-پیش-fa-adj-28BZlfvC",
"links": [
[
"ago",
"ago"
],
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"past",
"past"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"of the past"
],
"id": "en-پیش-fa-adj-oyjfNy~o",
"links": [
[
"past",
"past"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[peːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰiːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "پیش"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "from old",
"roman": "az piš",
"word": "از پیش"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to happen, to come up",
"roman": "piš âmadan",
"word": "پیش آمدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to put forth",
"roman": "piš âvordan",
"word": "پیش آوردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "before",
"roman": "piš az",
"word": "پیش از"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to outrun",
"roman": "piš oftâdan",
"word": "پیش افتادن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to win",
"roman": "piš bordan",
"word": "پیش بردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to progress",
"roman": "piš raftan",
"word": "پیش رفتن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to take up",
"roman": "piš kešidan",
"word": "پیش کشیدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to set oneself to",
"roman": "piš gereftan",
"word": "پیش گرفتن"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "forehead",
"roman": "pišâni",
"word": "پیشانی"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "desk",
"roman": "piš-taxte",
"word": "پیشتخته"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "piş",
"bor": "on"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: piş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: piş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "পেশ",
"bor": "on"
},
"expansion": "→ Bengali: পেশ (peś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bengali: পেশ (peś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "पेश"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: पेश (peś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: पेश (peś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "پیش",
"tr": "peś"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: پیش (peś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: پیش (peś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "pêş",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Kurdish: pêş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Kurdish: pêş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "پش",
"bor": "on",
"tr": "peş"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پش (peş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پش (peş)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "peş"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: peş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: peş"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "փէշ",
"bor": "on"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: փէշ (pʿēš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Armenian: փէշ (pʿēš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "փեշ"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: փեշ (pʿeš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: փեշ (pʿeš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "-",
"bor": "on"
},
"expansion": "→ Punjabi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਪੇਸ਼",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਪੇਸ਼ (peś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਪੇਸ਼ (peś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "پیش",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: پیش (peś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: پیش (peś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "pesh",
"bor": "on"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: pesh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: pesh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "before, pre-, past, beside",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sort": "",
"tr": "pyš",
"ts": "pēš"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"t": "before, pre-, past, beside",
"tr": "pyš",
"ts": "pēš"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"t": "against",
"tr": "patiš"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (patiš, “against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pati-",
"t": "against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"t": "in front; first"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front; first”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"t": "in front, before",
"tr": "paišiyā"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (paišiyā, “in front, before”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pasya-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pasya-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pas-",
"t": "to observe, look"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pas- (“to observe, look”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*kacyápah",
"t": "tortoise, turtle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *kacyápah (“tortoise, turtle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "کشف",
"t": "tortoise, turtle",
"tr": "kašaf"
},
"expansion": "Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-",
"t": "to see, look, observe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to see, look, observe”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pati-aši-",
"t": "before or against one's eyes"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati-aši- (“before or against one's eyes”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pati-",
"t": "against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Háši",
"t": "eye"
},
"expansion": "*Háši (“eye”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*Hákši",
"t": "eye"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákši (“eye”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रत्यक्ष",
"t": "present before the eyes, obvious, clear"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa, “present before the eyes, obvious, clear”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”), of unclear further origin. Multiple theories have been proposed:\n* Horn takes the word as a derivative of Old Persian [script needed] (patiš, “against”), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front; first”); this is rejected by Hubschmann.\n* Nyberg considers the word as a southwestern dialectal form of Old Persian [script needed] (paišiyā, “in front, before”); however, he does not elaborate further.\n* Gershevitch derives the word from Proto-Iranian *pasya-, from Proto-Iranian *pas- (“to observe, look”) (with phonetic assimilation of *sy- to š-, ala the shift from Proto-Iranian *kacyápah (“tortoise, turtle”) to Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”)), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to see, look, observe”).\n* Most likely, according to Edelman, is a derivation from an earlier Proto-Iranian *pati-aši- (“before or against one's eyes”), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”) + *Háši (“eye”), the latter from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákši (“eye”). This would make the word an exact cognate with Sanskrit प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa, “present before the eyes, obvious, clear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "piš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
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{
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"tr": "piš"
},
"expansion": "پیش • (piš)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "from a long time ago",
"roman": "az moddat-hâ piš",
"text": "از مدتها پیش",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before, previously"
],
"id": "en-پیش-fa-adv-t8Wcx7hP",
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"previously",
"previously"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 2 1 93 1 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 2 88 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in advance"
],
"id": "en-پیش-fa-adv-9BBiit5p",
"links": [
[
"in advance",
"in advance"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"forward, ahead"
],
"id": "en-پیش-fa-adv-rPkX44AU",
"links": [
[
"forward",
"forward"
],
[
"ahead",
"ahead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of movement) forward, ahead"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of movement"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[peːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰiːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "پیش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Persian adjectives",
"Persian adverbs",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian terms with redundant transliterations",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "before, pre-, past, beside",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sort": "",
"tr": "pyš",
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},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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},
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"name": "inh+"
},
{
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},
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},
{
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},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"t": "in front; first"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front; first”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"t": "in front, before",
"tr": "paišiyā"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (paišiyā, “in front, before”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
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"3": "*pasya-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pasya-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pas-",
"t": "to observe, look"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pas- (“to observe, look”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*kacyápah",
"t": "tortoise, turtle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *kacyápah (“tortoise, turtle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "کشف",
"t": "tortoise, turtle",
"tr": "kašaf"
},
"expansion": "Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-",
"t": "to see, look, observe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to see, look, observe”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pati-aši-",
"t": "before or against one's eyes"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati-aši- (“before or against one's eyes”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pati-",
"t": "against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Háši",
"t": "eye"
},
"expansion": "*Háši (“eye”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*Hákši",
"t": "eye"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákši (“eye”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रत्यक्ष",
"t": "present before the eyes, obvious, clear"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa, “present before the eyes, obvious, clear”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”), of unclear further origin. Multiple theories have been proposed:\n* Horn takes the word as a derivative of Old Persian [script needed] (patiš, “against”), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front; first”); this is rejected by Hubschmann.\n* Nyberg considers the word as a southwestern dialectal form of Old Persian [script needed] (paišiyā, “in front, before”); however, he does not elaborate further.\n* Gershevitch derives the word from Proto-Iranian *pasya-, from Proto-Iranian *pas- (“to observe, look”) (with phonetic assimilation of *sy- to š-, ala the shift from Proto-Iranian *kacyápah (“tortoise, turtle”) to Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”)), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to see, look, observe”).\n* Most likely, according to Edelman, is a derivation from an earlier Proto-Iranian *pati-aši- (“before or against one's eyes”), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”) + *Háši (“eye”), the latter from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákši (“eye”). This would make the word an exact cognate with Sanskrit प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa, “present before the eyes, obvious, clear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "piš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
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"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "piš",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "پیش • (piš)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "piš"
},
"expansion": "پیش • (piš)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "پس"
},
{
"word": "پشت"
}
],
"glosses": [
"front part"
],
"links": [
[
"front",
"front"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "before the king; in front of the king",
"roman": "piš-e šâhenšâh",
"text": "پیش شاهنشاه",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in front of, before"
],
"links": [
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with ezâfe) in front of, before"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with ezâfe"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[peːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰiːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "پیش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Persian adjectives",
"Persian adverbs",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian terms with redundant transliterations",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "before, pre-, past, beside",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sort": "",
"tr": "pyš",
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},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”)",
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},
{
"args": {
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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},
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},
{
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"t": "in front; first"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front; first”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"t": "in front, before",
"tr": "paišiyā"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (paišiyā, “in front, before”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pasya-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pas-",
"t": "to observe, look"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pas- (“to observe, look”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*kacyápah",
"t": "tortoise, turtle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *kacyápah (“tortoise, turtle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "کشف",
"t": "tortoise, turtle",
"tr": "kašaf"
},
"expansion": "Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to see, look, observe”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pati-aši-",
"t": "before or against one's eyes"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati-aši- (“before or against one's eyes”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pati-",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Háši",
"t": "eye"
},
"expansion": "*Háši (“eye”)",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákši (“eye”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रत्यक्ष",
"t": "present before the eyes, obvious, clear"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa, “present before the eyes, obvious, clear”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”), of unclear further origin. Multiple theories have been proposed:\n* Horn takes the word as a derivative of Old Persian [script needed] (patiš, “against”), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front; first”); this is rejected by Hubschmann.\n* Nyberg considers the word as a southwestern dialectal form of Old Persian [script needed] (paišiyā, “in front, before”); however, he does not elaborate further.\n* Gershevitch derives the word from Proto-Iranian *pasya-, from Proto-Iranian *pas- (“to observe, look”) (with phonetic assimilation of *sy- to š-, ala the shift from Proto-Iranian *kacyápah (“tortoise, turtle”) to Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”)), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to see, look, observe”).\n* Most likely, according to Edelman, is a derivation from an earlier Proto-Iranian *pati-aši- (“before or against one's eyes”), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”) + *Háši (“eye”), the latter from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákši (“eye”). This would make the word an exact cognate with Sanskrit प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa, “present before the eyes, obvious, clear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "piš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tr": "piš"
},
"expansion": "پیش • (piš)",
"name": "fa-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "five hours ago",
"roman": "panj sâ'at-e piš",
"text": "پنج ساعت پیش",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "last week",
"roman": "hafte-ye piš",
"text": "هفته پیش",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ago, before, past"
],
"links": [
[
"ago",
"ago"
],
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"past",
"past"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"of the past"
],
"links": [
[
"past",
"past"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[peːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰiːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "پیش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Persian adjectives",
"Persian adverbs",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian terms with redundant transliterations",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "from old",
"roman": "az piš",
"word": "از پیش"
},
{
"english": "to happen, to come up",
"roman": "piš âmadan",
"word": "پیش آمدن"
},
{
"english": "to put forth",
"roman": "piš âvordan",
"word": "پیش آوردن"
},
{
"english": "before",
"roman": "piš az",
"word": "پیش از"
},
{
"english": "to outrun",
"roman": "piš oftâdan",
"word": "پیش افتادن"
},
{
"english": "to win",
"roman": "piš bordan",
"word": "پیش بردن"
},
{
"english": "to progress",
"roman": "piš raftan",
"word": "پیش رفتن"
},
{
"english": "to take up",
"roman": "piš kešidan",
"word": "پیش کشیدن"
},
{
"english": "to set oneself to",
"roman": "piš gereftan",
"word": "پیش گرفتن"
},
{
"english": "forehead",
"roman": "pišâni",
"word": "پیشانی"
},
{
"english": "desk",
"roman": "piš-taxte",
"word": "پیشتخته"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "piş",
"bor": "on"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: piş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: piş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "পেশ",
"bor": "on"
},
"expansion": "→ Bengali: পেশ (peś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bengali: পেশ (peś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "पेश"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: पेश (peś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: पेश (peś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "پیش",
"tr": "peś"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: پیش (peś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: پیش (peś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "pêş",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Kurdish: pêş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Kurdish: pêş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "پش",
"bor": "on",
"tr": "peş"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پش (peş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: پش (peş)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "peş"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: peş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: peş"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "փէշ",
"bor": "on"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: փէշ (pʿēš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Armenian: փէշ (pʿēš)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "փեշ"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: փեշ (pʿeš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: փեշ (pʿeš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "-",
"bor": "on"
},
"expansion": "→ Punjabi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਪੇਸ਼",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਪੇਸ਼ (peś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਪੇਸ਼ (peś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "پیش",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: پیش (peś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: پیش (peś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "pesh",
"bor": "on"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: pesh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: pesh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "before, pre-, past, beside",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sort": "",
"tr": "pyš",
"ts": "pēš"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"t": "before, pre-, past, beside",
"tr": "pyš",
"ts": "pēš"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"t": "against",
"tr": "patiš"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (patiš, “against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pati-",
"t": "against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"t": "in front; first"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front; first”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"t": "in front, before",
"tr": "paišiyā"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian [script needed] (paišiyā, “in front, before”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pasya-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pasya-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pas-",
"t": "to observe, look"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pas- (“to observe, look”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*kacyápah",
"t": "tortoise, turtle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *kacyápah (“tortoise, turtle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "کشف",
"t": "tortoise, turtle",
"tr": "kašaf"
},
"expansion": "Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*speḱ-",
"t": "to see, look, observe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to see, look, observe”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pati-aši-",
"t": "before or against one's eyes"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati-aši- (“before or against one's eyes”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*pati-",
"t": "against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Háši",
"t": "eye"
},
"expansion": "*Háši (“eye”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*Hákši",
"t": "eye"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákši (“eye”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रत्यक्ष",
"t": "present before the eyes, obvious, clear"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa, “present before the eyes, obvious, clear”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pyš /pēš/, “before, pre-, past, beside”), of unclear further origin. Multiple theories have been proposed:\n* Horn takes the word as a derivative of Old Persian [script needed] (patiš, “against”), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front; first”); this is rejected by Hubschmann.\n* Nyberg considers the word as a southwestern dialectal form of Old Persian [script needed] (paišiyā, “in front, before”); however, he does not elaborate further.\n* Gershevitch derives the word from Proto-Iranian *pasya-, from Proto-Iranian *pas- (“to observe, look”) (with phonetic assimilation of *sy- to š-, ala the shift from Proto-Iranian *kacyápah (“tortoise, turtle”) to Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”)), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to see, look, observe”).\n* Most likely, according to Edelman, is a derivation from an earlier Proto-Iranian *pati-aši- (“before or against one's eyes”), from Proto-Iranian *pati- (“against”) + *Háši (“eye”), the latter from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákši (“eye”). This would make the word an exact cognate with Sanskrit प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa, “present before the eyes, obvious, clear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "piš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "adverb",
"tr": "piš"
},
"expansion": "پیش • (piš)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "from a long time ago",
"roman": "az moddat-hâ piš",
"text": "از مدتها پیش",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before, previously"
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
],
[
"previously",
"previously"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"in advance"
],
"links": [
[
"in advance",
"in advance"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"forward, ahead"
],
"links": [
[
"forward",
"forward"
],
[
"ahead",
"ahead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of movement) forward, ahead"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of movement"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[peːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰiːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pʰeʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "پیش"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.