عشق

عِشْق (canonical)
'ešq (romanization)
عشقها (plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: इश्क़ (iśq)

Urdu: عِشْق ('iśq)

→ Chagatai:

Uyghur: ئىشق (ishq)

Uzbek: ishq

Borrowed from Arabic عِشْق (ʕišq, “love, passion”).

bor+

دَرْدِ عِشْق

ز عشق ناتمام ما جمال یار مستغنی است

late 14th century, Xāja Shams-ud-Dīn Moḥammad Ḥāfeẓ-e Shīrāzī, “اگر آن ترک شیرازی به دست آرد دل ما را (Shirazi Turk)”, in دیوان حافظ [Divān of Ḥāfeẓ]:

Of my imperfect love the glory of the beloved is independent

zi išq-i nātamām-i mā jamāl-i yār mustağnī ast

چو درد عشق رسد خواهش دوا کفر است

c. 1650, Chandar Bhan Brahman, دیوان برهمن [The Brahman's divan], Lahore, Mughal Empire:

When the pain of love arrives, the desire for medicine is infidelity

čō dard-i išq rasad xwāhiš-i dawā kufr ast

هر کس که دل به عشق وطن کرد مبتلا، ایمان و عقل و دین نشود هیچ از و جدا.

1915, محمود طرزی, (Mahmud Tarzi), translated by Wali Ahmadi (Modern Persian Literature in Afghanistan), پراکنده مجموعه اشعار [Collection of Scatted Poems], Kabul, Afghanistan: 'Ināyat Press:

That one who is ever consumed by love for his homeland: faith, reason, and belief shall never abandon him.

har kas ki dil ba išq-i watan kard mubtalā, īmān u aql u dīn našawad hēč az u judā

عِشْقِ مَن


نفرت

→ Azerbaijani: nifrət

→ Bashkir: нәфрәт (nəfrət)

→ Gujarati: નફરત (naphrat)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: नफ़रत (nafrat)

Urdu: نفرت (nafrat)

→ Tatar: нәфрәт (näfrät)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: نفرت (nefret)
Turkish: nefret

→ Uyghur: nafrat

→ Uzbek: nafrat

terror, hatred, detestation, aversion, dislike, abhorrence, abomination


دماغ

head

دماغ • (damâğ)

fa-noun

دماغ • (damâğ)

→ Bengali: দেমাগ (demag)

→ Hindi: दिमाग़ (dimāġ)

→ Urdu: دِمَاغ (dimāġ)

→ Khalaj: damâğ

[d̪æ.mɒ́ːɢ̥]

Borrowed from Arabic دِمَاغ (dimāḡ, “brain”).

bor+

(Iran) figurative senses
strong inclination

(Iran) figurative senses
disposition, condition, mood


ترس

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *trāsás, from Proto-Indo-European *tros-ó-s (“fear, dread”), from *tres- (“to tremble (with fear)”). Compare Sanskrit त्रास (trāsa).


عاشق

fa-adj

عاشق • ('âšeq)


خوشحال

خوشحال • (xošhâl) (comparative خوشحالتَر (xošhâl-tar), superlative خوشحالتَرین (xošhâl-tarin))

xošhâl (romanization)
خوشحالتَر (comparative)
خوشحالتَرین (superlative)
خوشحالم (first-person predicative singular)
xošhâlam (first-person predicative singular)
خوشحالیم (first-person plural predicative)
xošhâlim (first-person plural predicative)
خوشحالی (predicative second-person singular)
xošhâli (predicative second-person singular)
خوشحالید (plural predicative second-person)
xošhâlid (plural predicative second-person)
خوشحالین (colloquial plural predicative second-person)
xošhâlin (plural predicative second-person)
خوشحال است (predicative singular third-person)
xošhâl ast (predicative singular third-person)
خوشحاله (colloquial predicative singular third-person)
xošhâle (predicative singular third-person)
خوشحالند (plural predicative third-person)
xošhâland (plural predicative third-person)
خوشحالن (colloquial plural predicative third-person)
xošhâlan (plural predicative third-person)

Hindi: ख़ुशहाल (xuśhāl)

From خوش (xoš, “pleasant”) + حال (hâl, “state”).


غم

Etymology tree
Arabic غ م م (ḡ m m)
Arabic غَمّ (ḡamm)bor.
Persian غمBorrowed from Arabic غَمّ (ḡamm), from غ م م (ḡ m m).


گرایش جنسی

head

گرایشهای جنسی

گرایش جنسی • (garâyeš-e jensi) (plural گرایشهای جنسی (garâyeš-hâ-ye jensi))

fa-noun

گرایشهای جنسی

garâyeš-e jensi (romanization)
گرایشهای جنسی (plural)

[ɡʲæɾɒːˈjeʃe dʒenˈsiː]

fa:گرایش جنسی


خندان

fa-adj

خندان • (xandân)

→ Azerbaijani: xəndan

→ Hindustani:

Urdu: خندان (xandān)

[χän̪.d̪ɔ́n]

From خند (xand, “to laugh”) + ـان (-ân).


عاشق بودن

head

عاشق بودن • ('âšeq budan)

fa-verb

عاشق بودن • ('âšeq budan)

عاشق برادرشم.

عاشقتم.


معشوق

fa-adj

معشوق • (ma'šuq) (comparative معشوقتَر (ma'šuq-tar), superlative معشوقتَرین (ma'šuq-tarin))

ma'šuq (romanization)
معشوقتَر (comparative)
معشوقتَرین (superlative)
معشوقم (first-person possessive singular)
ma'šuqam (first-person possessive singular)
Term? (colloquial first-person possessive singular)
mašuqam (first-person possessive singular)
معشوقمان (first-person plural possessive)
ma'šuqemân (first-person plural possessive)
Term? (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
mašuqemun (first-person plural possessive)
معشوقت (possessive second-person singular)
ma'šuqat (possessive second-person singular)
Term? (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
mašuqet (possessive second-person singular)
معشوقتان (plural possessive second-person)
ma'šuqetân (plural possessive second-person)
Term? (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
mašuqetun (plural possessive second-person)
معشوقش (possessive singular third-person)
ma'šuqaš (possessive singular third-person)
Term? (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
mašuqeš (possessive singular third-person)
معشوقشان (plural possessive third-person)
ma'šuqešân (plural possessive third-person)
Term? (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
mašuqešun (plural possessive third-person)

From Arabic مَعْشُوق (maʕšūq), passive participle of عَشِقَ (ʕašiqa, “fall in love, love excessively”).

derived

Arabic مَعْشُوق (maʕšūq)


نهاز

head

نهاز • (nehâz)

fa-noun

نهاز • (nehâz)


خرم

From Middle Persian [script needed] (hwlm /huram/).


پدرام

fa-adj

پدرام • (pedrâm)

[pʰäd̪.ɾɑ́ːm]

[pʰäd̪.ɾɑ́ːm]

[pʰäd̪.ɾɑ́ːm]

[pʰäd̪.ɾɔ́ːm]

[pʰäd̪.ɾɔ́m]

An old compound. Akin to Sogdian 𐼾𐽂𐽀𐼰𐼺 (ptrʾm /patrām/, “calm, peace”).
* The first part is from Middle Persian 𐭯𐭥𐭭 (pʿn) / PWN (pad, “to, at, in, on”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *per-, *próti, *préti. Compare Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (paⁱti), Sanskrit प्रति (prati, “towards, to”).
* The second part is from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rem-. Compare Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (ramaⁱti), Sanskrit रमते (ramate).

cog

10th century, Ferdowsi, Shahnameh
چنین داد پاسخ که من ساز جنگ
به پیش آورم چون شود کار تنگ
نمانم که کیخسرو از بخت خویش
بود شاد و پدرام بر تخت خویش
čênin dâd pâsux ki man sâz-î jang, ba pêš âvaram čôn šavad kâr tang, namânam ki kayxusrow az baxt-î xweš, bûd šâd u padrâm bar taxt-î xweš

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


پدرام

head

پدرام • (pedrâm)

fa-proper noun

پدرام • (pedrâm)

[pʰäd̪.ɾɑ́ːm]

[pʰäd̪.ɾɑ́ːm]

[pʰäd̪.ɾɑ́ːm]

[pʰäd̪.ɾɔ́ːm]

[pʰäd̪.ɾɔ́m]


پدرام

fa-adj

پدرام • (padrâm)


افسرده

→ Hindi: अफ़सुरदा (afsurdā)

The stem of the verb افسردن (afsordan) + ـه (-e).


حسود

حَسود • (hasud) (comparative حَسودتَر (hasud-tar), superlative حَسودتَرین (hasud-tarin))

حَسود (canonical)
hasud (romanization)
حَسودتَر (comparative)
حَسودتَرین (superlative)

Borrowed from Arabic حَسُود (ḥasūd, “envious”).


خشم

head

خشم • (xašm)

fa-noun

خشم • (xašm)

→ Hindi: ख़श्म (xaśma)

→ Turkish: hışım

From Middle Persian ʾyšm, xyšm (xēšm, “anger”), from Old Persian *aišima (compare Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀 (aēšəma), 𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀 (aēṣ̌ma)), from Proto-Iranian *HayšHmah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HayšHmas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁oysh₂-mo-s, from *h₁eysh₂-.
Cognate with Parthian 𐫙𐫢𐫖𐫃 (ʿšmg /išmag/, “wrath, the demon wrath”) and more distantly Latin īra. Akin to Old Armenian հեշմակ-ապաշտ (hešmak-apašt), Old Georgian ჰეშმაკი (hešmaḳi), ეშმაკი (ešmaḳi), Middle Georgian შმაგი (šmagi), Iranian borrowings.

cog

հեշմակ-ապաշտ

خشم بر شاهان شه و ما را غلام
خشم را هم بستهام زیر لگام

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3799:

Anger is king over kings, and to me it is a slave:
even anger I have bound under the bridle.

xišm bar šāhān šah u mā rā ğulām
xišm rā ham basta-am zēr-i lagām

1021-1077, Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi, Tarikh-i Bayhaqi
چون حسنک بیامد، خواجه بر پای خاست. چون او این مَکرُمت بکرد، همه – اگر خواستند یا نه – بر پای خاستند. بو سهل زوزنی بر خشم خود طاقت نداشت؛ برخاست، نه تمام و بر خویشتن می ژکید. احمد او را گفت: در همه کارها ناتمامی. وی نیک از جای بشد.
Čūn Hasanak biyāmad, Xwāja bar pāy xāst. Čūn ō īn makrumat bikard, hama – agar xwāstand yā na – bar pāy xāstand. Bū Sahl Zawzanī bar xašm-i xwad tāqat nadāšt; bar-xāst, na tamām, wa bar xwēštan mē-žakīd. Ahmad ō rā guft: "dar hama-i kār-hā nā-tamāmī". Way nēk az jāy bišud.
When Hasanak [the Vizier] arrived, Khwaja [Ahmad Maymandi] rose to his feet. Since he displayed this act of respect, everyone – whether they wanted or not – rose to their feet.. Bu Sahl Zawzani couldn't contain his irritation; he rose, [but] not completely, while muttering under his breath. Ahmad said to him: "In all [your] undertakings, you lack thoroughness." He [Bu Sahl] became extremely angered.


پوست‌کلفت

پوستکلفت (canonical)
pust-koloft (romanization)

او آدم پوستکلفتی است ― u âdam-e pust-koloft-i ast ― He is a resilient person.

resilient (able to withstand disease and difficult conditions)


رشک

head

رشک • (rašk)

fa-noun

رشک • (rašk)

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾlyšk' /arešk/), 𐫡𐫏𐫢𐫐 (ryšk /rešk/, “envy”), a suffixed form of Proto-Indo-Iranian *Harš- (“envy”), perhaps borrowed from Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬯𐬐𐬀- (araska-, “envy”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ers-. Cognate with Sanskrit ईर्ष्यति (īrṣyati, “to envy”), Old English irsian (“to be angry”).

inh+

شاهدی از لطف و پاکی رشک آب زندگی
دلبری در حسن و خوبی غیرت ماه تمام

c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 309”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]:

A pretty one whose grace and purity is the envy of the Water of Life,
A heart-snatcher whose beauty and fairness raise the ire of the full moon.

šāhidē az lutf u pākī rašk-i āb-i zindagī
dilbarē dar husn u xūbī ğayrat-i māh-i tamām


رشک

head

رشک • (rešk)

fa-noun

رشک • (rešk)

Related to Sanskrit रिक्षा (rikṣā, “nit”). Compare also Latin ricinus in the sense “tick”, but further connections are problematic.


رعشه

head

رعشه • (ra'še)

fa-noun

رعشه • (ra'še)


مشوش

Borrowed from Arabic مُشَوَّش (mušawwaš).

bor+

بیا که در غم عشقت مشوشم بی تو
بیا ببین که در این دم چه ناخوشم بی تو

12th Century, سعدی شیرازی [sa'dī šērāzī], کلیت [kulliyyat]:

Come because in the sadness of your love I am anxious without you
 Come see how unwell I am at this moment without you