شیر

From Middle Persian 𐫢𐫃𐫡 (šgr /šagr, šēr/, “lion; (astronomy) Leo”).
Sense 2 is from the fact that the first taps in Iran looked like lion heads.


شیر

šir (romanization)
شیرم (first-person possessive singular)
širam (first-person possessive singular)
شیرمان (first-person plural possessive)
širemân (first-person plural possessive)
Term? (colloquial first-person plural possessive)
širemun (first-person plural possessive)
شیرت (possessive second-person singular)
širat (possessive second-person singular)
Term? (colloquial possessive second-person singular)
širet (possessive second-person singular)
شیرتان (plural possessive second-person)
širetân (plural possessive second-person)
Term? (colloquial plural possessive second-person)
širetun (plural possessive second-person)
شیرش (possessive singular third-person)
širaš (possessive singular third-person)
Term? (colloquial possessive singular third-person)
šireš (possessive singular third-person)
شیرشان (plural possessive third-person)
širešân (plural possessive third-person)
Term? (colloquial plural possessive third-person)
širešun (plural possessive third-person)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: शीर (śīr)

Urdu: شیر (šīr)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (HLḆA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (šyl), 𐫢𐫏𐫏𐫡 (šyyr /šīr/, “milk”), from Proto-Iranian *xšiHrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšiHrám.

کمی شیر اضافه کن


چای

desc

→ Arabic: شَاي (šāy), صَاي (ṣāy), صَا (ṣā)

→ Amharic: ሻይ (šay)

→ Gulay: sáȳ, sáyā

→ Hausa: shāyì

→ Nupe: shayì

→ Hijazi Arabic: شاهي (šāhi)

→ Libyan Arabic: شاهي (šāhi)

→ Mango: sáỳ

→ Gulf Arabic: چاي

→ Swahili: chai

→ Mabaan: caayi

→ Aramaic: ܟ݈ܐܝ (chai)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: चाय (cāy), चा (cā)

Urdu: چای (ćāy), چا (cā)

→ Kalasha: čay

→ Khalaj: čây

→ Konkani: चा (cā), च्या (cyā)

→ Malayalam: ചായ (cāya)

→ Marathi: चहा (cahā)

→ Mongolian: цай (caj) ᠴᠠᠢ (čai)

→ Odia: ଚା (cā)

→ Pashto: چای (čây)

→ Punjabi: ਚਾਹ (cāh) / چاہ (cāh)

→ Sindhi: چانھ (čānhi)

→ Ottoman Turkish: چای (çay) (see there for further descendants)

→ Turkmen: çaý

From possibly چا + ـی or Chinese 茶葉 /茶叶 (cháyè).


رم

→ Pashto: رم (ram)

Likely from Middle Persian *hram, borrowed from Parthian *hram (“fear, terror”), from Proto-Iranian *θráhma. Doublet of سهم (sahm, “fear”).

(especially of animals, birds) shying, taking off from fright


گلاب

head

گلاب • (golâb)

fa-noun

گلاب • (golâb)

desctree

→ Arabic: جُلَاب (julāb)
→ Aragonese: julepe
→ Asturian: xulepe
→ Byzantine Greek: ζουλάπιν (zoulápin)
→ English: julep
→ French: julep
→ Russian: щуле́пъ (ščulép), шуле́пъ (šulép, “a kind of gingerbread”)
→ Georgian: ჯულაბი (ǯulabi)
→ Gujarati: જુલાબ (julāb), જુલ્લાબ (jullāb)
→ Italian: giulebbe, giulebbo (archaic)
→ Maltese: ġulepp, ġlepp
→ Middle Armenian: ճուլապ (čulap), ճուլլապ (čullap)
→ Old Catalan: julep
Catalan: julep
→ Old Galician-Portuguese: jalepe
→ Portuguese: julepe, julepo
→ Old Spanish: julepe
Spanish: julepe
→ Sicilian: gileppu, cileppu

→ Azerbaijani: gülab

→ Gujarati: ગુલાબ (gulāb)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: गुलाब (gulāb)

Urdu: گُلاب (gulāb)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਗੁਲਾਬ (gulāb)

Shahmukhi script: گلاب (gulāb)

desc

гуля́фная вода́

→ Russian: гуля́фная вода́ (guljáfnaja vodá), гуля́ф (guljáf)

→ Thai: กุหลาบ (gù-làap)

→ Uzbek: gulob

[ɡ̥o.lɒ́ːb̥]

From گل (gol, “rose”) + آب (âb, “water”).


دوغ

Borrowed from Parthian [Manichaean needed] (dwwg), from Proto-Iranian *dáwgah. Related to دوختن (duxtan), دوشیدن (dušidan, “to milk”). Also compare Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdhá).


قهوه

head

قَهْوِه • (qahve) (plural قهوهها (qahve-hâ))

قَهْوِه (canonical)
qahve (romanization)
قهوهها (plural)

Tajik: қаҳва (qahva)

→ Gujarati: કહવા (kahvā)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: क़हवा (qahvā)

Urdu: قَہْوَہ (qahva)

→ Punjabi: قَہْوَہ (qahvah)

→ Sindhi: قَهِوو (qahivo)


آبلیمو

آبلیمو • (âblimu)

fa-noun

آبلیمو • (âblimu)

From آب + لیمو.


عرق

head

عَرَق • (araq)

fa-noun

عَرَق • (araq)

→ Middle Armenian: արաղ (araġ)

Armenian: արաղ (araġ)

→ Punjabi: ਅਰਕ (arak)

arak, araq (aniseed-flavoured distilled alcoholic drink)


آب میوه

head

آب میوه • (âb mive)

fa-noun

آب میوه • (âb mive)


کوکاکولا

head

کوکاکولا • (kokâkolâ)

fa-noun

کوکاکولا • (kokâkolâ)


آبجو

head

آبْجُو • (âbjow)

fa-noun

آبْجُو • (âbjow)

[ʔɑːβ.ˈd͡ʒaw]

[ʔɑːb.d͡ʒǽw]

[ʔɑːb.d͡ʒǽw]

[ʔɑːb.d͡ʒǽw]

[ʔɔːb.d͡ʒǽw]

[ʔɒːb.d͡ʒów]


شراب

head

شَراب • (šarâb)

fa-noun

شَراب • (šarâb)

مگر سپاه سالار که هرگز شراب نخورده بود.

11th century, Abulfazl Bayhaqi, edited by Ali-Akbar Fayyaz, Tarikh-i Bayhaqi, page 78:

except the Sipahsalar [Army Commander], who had never drunk wine.

magar sepâh-sâlâr ke hargez šarâb na-xorde bud.


می

→ Azerbaijani:

Arabic script: مئی

Cyrillic script: меј

Latin script: mey

→ Gujarati: મય (maya)

→ Gurani: مهی (may)

→ Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: مەی (mey)

Northern Kurdish: mey

→ Hindustani:

Urdu: مے (mai)

→ Ottoman Turkish: می (may)

Turkish: mey

→ Pashto: می (may)

→ Uzbek: may

From Middle Persian [script needed] (HS) / [script needed] (mdy /may/, “wine”), from Old Persian *𐎶𐎯 (*m-du /*madu/), from Proto-Iranian *mádu, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mádʰu, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu (“honey, mead”).


باده

head

باده • (bâde)

fa-noun

باده • (bâde)

→ Gujarati: બાદા (bādā)

→ Hindustani:

Urdu: باده (bāda)

→ Ottoman Turkish: باده (bâde)

Turkish: bade

From Middle Persian bʾtk' (bādag, “wine, must”), from Old Persian, most likely from Akkadian 𒁀𒂅𒌑 (baṭû, “tray, platter; mixing container, bowl for liquids; wine jar, pitcher”), from earlier Akkadian 𒁀𒋾𒌝 (baṭium, “vessel, basin, place to hold; tray, platter”). Cognate to Arabic بَاطِيَة (bāṭiya, “a kind of earthen vessel for storing wine”), Persian بادیه (bâtiye), Classical Syriac ܒܳܛܺܝܬܴܐ (bāṭīṯā), Ancient Greek βατιάκη, βατιάκιον (batiákē, batiákion), Latin batiaca, batioca, batiola. Compare Arabic بَاذِق ("red wine"), an Iranian borrowing.

cog

βατιάκη, βατιάκιον


ودکا

head

ودکا • (vodkâ)

fa-noun

ودکا • (vodkâ)


میخانه

head

میخانه • (meyxâne) (plural میخانهها (meyxâne-hâ))

meyxâne (romanization)
میخانهها (plural)

Tajik: майхона (mayxona)

→ Azerbaijani: meyxana

→ Hindi: मैख़ाना (maixānā)

→ Northern Kurdish: meyxane

→ Pashto: ميخانه (mayxāná)

→ Turkmen: meýhana

→ Urdu: میخانہ (maixānā)

→ Uzbek: mayxona

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: میخانه (meyhane)
Turkish: meyhane
→ Armenian: մեխանա (mexana), մեյխանա (meyxana), միհանա (mihana)
→ Bulgarian: механа́ (mehaná)
→ Macedonian: меана (meana)
→ Romanian: mihamea
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: меха̀на
Latin script: mehàna


سرخوش

fa-adj

سرخوش • (sarxoš) (comparative سرخوشتَر (sarxoš-tar), superlative سرخوشتَرین (sarxoš-tarin))

sarxoš (romanization)
سرخوشتَر (comparative)
سرخوشتَرین (superlative)

→ Armenian: սարխոշ (sarxoš)

→ Azerbaijani: sərxoş

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: سرخوش (sarhoş), (rare) سارخوش (sarhoş)
Turkish: sarhoş
→ Albanian: sarhosh

→ Uyghur: سەرخۇش (serxush)

From سر (sar, “head”) + خوش (xoš, “happy”).


قهوه‌خانه

head

قَهْوِهخانِه

قَهْوِهخانِه • (qahve-xâne) (plural قهوهخانهها (qahve-xâne-hâ))

fa-noun

قَهْوِهخانِه

قَهْوِهخانِه (canonical)
qahve-xâne (romanization)
قهوهخانهها (plural)

→ Gujarati: કાવાખાનું (kāvākhānũ)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: قهوهخانه (kahvehane)
→ Romanian: cafenea
Turkish: kahvehane

→ Uyghur: قەھۋەخانا (qehwexana)

→ Uzbek: qahvaxona

From قَهْوِه (qahve, “coffee”) + خانِه (xâne, “house”).


چایخانه

head

چایْخانِه • (čâyxâne) (plural چایخانهها (čâyxâne-hâ))

چایْخانِه (canonical)
čâyxâne (romanization)
چایخانهها (plural)

→ Azerbaijani: çayxana

→ Bashkir: сәйхана (səyxana)

→ Belarusian: чайхана (čajxana)

→ Gujarati: ચાખાનું (cākhānũ)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: चायख़ाना (cāyxānā)

Urdu: چائے خانَہ (cāe xāna)

→ Georgian: ჩაიხანა (čaixana)

→ Kazakh: шайхана (şaixana)

→ Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: چایخانە (çayxane)

→ Kyrgyz: чайкана (caykana)

→ Russian: чайхана́ (čajxaná)

→ Tatar: чәйханә (çäyxanä)

→ Turkish: çayhane

→ Turkmen: çaýhana

→ Ukrainian: чайхана́ (čajxaná)

→ Uyghur: چايخانا (chayxana)

→ Uzbek: choyxona

[t͡ʃʰɑːj.xɑː.nǽ]

[t͡ʃʰɑːj.xɑː.nǽ]

[t͡ʃʰɑːj.xɑː.nǽ]

[t͡ʃʰɒːj.xɒː.né]

[t͡ʃʰɔj.χɔ.nǽ]

From چای (čây, “tea”) + خانه (xâne, “house”).


چای سبز

چای سبز • (čây-e sabz)

fa-noun

چای سبز • (čây-e sabz)


قهوه ترک

میخوام قهوه ترک بخرم ولی نمیدونم قیمتش چقدره.

I want to buy (some) Turkish coffee but I don't know how much it costs.

Mi-xâm qahve-ye tork bexaram vali nemi-dunam qeymateš čeqadr-e.


نبید

From Old Persian *𐎴𐎱𐎫 (*nipita) , from Proto-Iranian, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtás (compare Sanskrit निपीत (nipīta, “drunk up, imbibed”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃-.


بوزه

→ Indonesian: bozah

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: بوزا (boza), بوزه (boza)
Turkish: boza
→ Albanian: bozë
→ Arabic: بُوظَة (būẓa), بُوظَا (būẓā, bōẓā), بُوزَة (būza, bōza)
→ Armenian: պօզա (pōza)
→ Bulgarian: боза́ (bozá)
→ Greek: μποζάς (bozás)
→ Macedonian: боза (boza)
→ Romanian: boza
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: бо́за
Latin script: bóza

Related to بوزک (bowzak, “yeast; mould”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew- (“to blow, inflate, swell”).


بگماز

head

بگماز • (bagmâz)

fa-noun

بگماز • (bagmâz)

→ Karakhanid: [script needed] (bekmes) (Divan-ı Lugatı't-Türk)

→ Old Anatolian Turkish:

Azerbaijani: bəkməz

desctree

Ottoman Turkish: پكمز (bekmez), پكماز (pekmaz), بكمز (bekmez), بكماز (bekmaz), پتمز (petmez), پتماز (petmaz)
Turkish: pekmez, dialectally petmez
→ Abkhaz: абақьмаз (abakʲmaz)
→ Albanian: pekmez, pekmes
→ Armenian: բաքմազ (bakʻmaz), փեքմեզ (pʻekʻmez)
→ Aromanian: picmezã, picmeze, pitmeze, pihmez
→ Bulgarian: пекме́з (pekméz)
→ Greek: πετιμέζι (petimézi), πετμέζι (petmézi)
→ Macedonian: пекмез (pekmez)
→ Romanian: pecmez, pegmez, pecmes, pecmed, pedzmieg, pecsămet, pemnez, părămet, pigmez, petmez, pezmiet, picmiez, pigmiez, pimnăz, plimez, pesmet, pezmet
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: пѐкмез
Latin script: pèkmez


شربت

head

شربت • (šarbat) (plural شربتها (šarbat-hâ))

→ Georgian: შარბათი (šarbati)

Borrowed from Arabic شَرْبَة (šarba, “drink”).

bor+

هر که او تیر فراقت بدل پر غم خورد
نه دگر شربت هجران نه غم مرهم خورد

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 146:

Whoever suffers the arrow of separation in his sorrowful heart
Shall no longer drink the sherbet of departure, nor suffer the sorrow of the remedy [to the disease of love].

har ki ō tīr-i firāqat ba-dil-i pur ğam xwarad
na digar šarbat-i hijrān na ğam-i marham xwarad


شیر سویا

head

شیر سویا • (šir-e soyâ)

fa-noun

شیر سویا • (šir-e soyâ)


شیر گاو

head

شیر گاو • (šir-e gâv)

fa-noun

شیر گاو • (šir-e gâv)


نوشابه انرژی‌زا

head

نوشابههای انرژیزا

نوشابه انرژیزا • (nušâbe-ye enerži-zâ) (plural نوشابههای انرژیزا (nušâbe-hâ-ye enerži-zâ))

fa-noun

نوشابههای انرژیزا

نوشابه انرژیزا (canonical)
nušâbe-ye enerži-zâ (romanization)
نوشابههای انرژیزا (plural)

fa:نوشابه انرژی‌زا


شکلات داغ

head

شکلات داغ • (šokolât-e dâğ)

fa-noun

شکلات داغ • (šokolât-e dâğ)

/ʃokʰolɒːˈtʰe dɒːɣ/


هات چاکلت

head

هات چاکلت • (hât čâklet)

fa-noun

هات چاکلت • (hât čâklet)


نهره

→ Azerbaijani: nehrə

desc

→ Turkish: nehre, nihre, nekre — dialectal

Etymology tree
Proto-Semitic *nahar-
Arabic نَهْر (nahr)bor.?
Proto-Semitic *nahar-
Aramaic נהראbor.?
Persian نهره
* Ultimately of Semitic origin; if not from Arabic نَهْر (nahr, “river”) by a multistep semantic change as in river → liquid → milk → churn, from Aramaic נַהְרָא / ܢܰܗܪܴܐ (nahrā, “river”) in the sense of canal pertinent to urbanized Mesopotamia used figuratively for the passageway of milk.
* Possibly from the Iranian root Proto-Indo-Iranian *nayH- (“to churn butter”), from Proto-Indo-European *neyH- (“to make butter, churn”). Cognate with Sanskrit (नव-)नीत ((nava-)nīta, “fresh butter”); outside of Indo-Iranian, cognate with Latvian nīt (“used in sviestu nīt (to make butter)”) and paniņas (“buttermilk”).

bor

Aramaic נַהְרָא


بگنی

Cognate with Ossetian бӕгӕны (bægæny, “beer”).


جلاب

head

جلاب • (jolâb)

fa-noun

جلاب • (jolâb)

[d͡ʒu.ˈlɑːβ]

[d͡ʒʊ.lɑ́ːb]

[d͡ʒʊ.lɑ́ːb]

[d͡ʒʊ.lɑ́ːb]

Etymology tree
Proto-Iranian *wardah
Old Persian *vr̥dah
Middle Persian gwl
Classical Persian گُل (gul)
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hā́ps
Proto-Iranian *Hā́fš
Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎡𐎹𐎠 (a-p-i-y-a)
Middle Persian ʾp̄
Classical Persian آب (āb)
Classical Persian گُلَاب (gulāb)bor.
Arabic جُلَاب (julāb)bor.
Persian جلاب
Borrowed from Arabic جُلَاب (julāb), borrowed from Classical Persian گُلَاب (gulāb), from گُل (gul) + آب (āb).

etymon

نکتهها میگفت او آمیخته
در جلاب قند زهری ریخته

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 447:

He was saying fine things mixed [with foul]: he had poured some poison into the sugared julep.

nukta-hā mē-guft ō āmēxta
dar julāb-i qand zahrē rēxta


نوشیدنی

head

نوشیدنی • (nušidani)

fa-noun

نوشیدنی • (nušidani)

From نوشیدن (nušidan, “to drink”) + ـی (-i).


آغوز

head

آغوز • (âğuz)

fa-noun

آغوز • (âğuz)

Borrowed from Turkic, Ottoman Turkish آغز (ağız), ultimately Proto-Turkic *aguŕ.


افشره

head

افشره • (afšore)

fa-noun

افشره • (afšore)

→ Old Anatolian Turkish: افشره (äfşürä)

Ottoman Turkish: افشره (efşüre)

From a Middle Persian term also borrowed in Old Armenian օշարակ (ōšarak) and Arabic أَفْشُرَج (ʔafšuraj) composed *Habí- + the stem of the present verb فشردن (fešordan, “to press”) diminutive *-akah.


میکده

head

میکده • (meykade) (plural میکدهها (meykade-hâ))

→ Azerbaijani: meygədə, meykədə

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: मयकदा (maykadā)

Urdu: مَیْکَدَہ (maykada)

→ Ottoman Turkish: میكده (meykede)