پروانه

head

پروانه • (parvâne)

fa-proper noun

پروانه • (parvâne)

From Middle Persian plwʾnk' (parwānag, “guide, leader”). Compare فرانه (farâne), فرانک (farânak). For the sense “caracal”, see Iranica.

der

Proto-Indo-Iranian *parnám (“leaf, feather”)

Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás (“before, first”)

a female given name, Parwana or Parvaneh, from Middle Persian or Iranian Persian


عقرب

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عقرب • (aqrab) (plural عقربها (aqrab-hâ))


سرطان

[sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

[sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɔ́ːn]

[sæ.ɹæ.t̪ʰɒ́ːn]

[sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɔ́n]

Borrowed from Arabic سَرَطَان (saraṭān).


ملخ

→ Ottoman Turkish: ملخ

From Middle Persian *malax (written as Pazend 𐬨𐬀𐬮𐬀𐬐 (malak)), borrowed from Bactrian μαλαχο (malakho), from Proto-Iranian *madaxa, itself probably related to Sanskrit मटची (maṭacī, “locust”). Compare Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬜𐬀𐬑𐬀 (maδaxa, “grasshopper”), Baluchi مدگ (madag), مذغ (maδaγ), Pashto ملخ (malax, “locust”), Old Armenian loanword մարախ (marax), Ossetian мӕтых (mætyx), Khwarezmian مثخ (mθx). The inherited Southwestern Iranian form is میگ (meyg) (> میگو (meygu, “shrimp, prawn”)); the wide phonetic variation in the word's relatives is induced by the taboo of the inauspicious locust.


زنبور عسل

زنبورهای عسل

زنبور عسل • (zanbur-e 'asal) (plural زنبورهای عسل (zanbur-hâ-ye 'asal))

fa-noun

زنبورهای عسل

zanbur-e 'asal (romanization)
زنبورهای عسل (plural)

From زنبور (zanbur, “bee”) + عسل ('asal, “honey”).

compound

fa:زنبور عسل


هزارپا

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هزارپا • (hezâr-pâ)

fa-noun

هزارپا • (hezâr-pâ)

→ Ottoman Turkish: هزارپا

From هزار (hezâr, “thousand”) + پا (pâ, “foot”). Compare Central Kurdish ھەزارپێ (hezarpê).


سوسک

سوسک حمام
سوسک حمام#Persian

cockroach; short for سوسک حمام (susk-e hammâm).


مورچه

head

مورچه • (murče) (plural مورچگان (murčegân) or مورچهها (murče-hâ))

murče (romanization)
مورچگان (plural)
مورچهها (plural)

→ Hindustani:

Hindi: मोर्चा (morcā)

Urdu: مورچہ

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੋਰਚਾ (morcā)

Shahmukhi script: مورچہ (morcah)

[moːɾ.t͡ʃʰä]

[moːɾ.t͡ʃʰä]

[moːɾ.t͡ʃʰä]

[mʊːɾ.t͡ʃʰä]

Diminutive of مور (mur), from Middle Persian [script needed] (mwl /mōr/), from Proto-Iranian *marwíš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *marwíš, from Proto-Indo-European *morwi-.


کرم ابریشم

From کرم (“worm”) and ابریشم (“silk”). Compare with Bengali রেশম কীট (reśom kiṭ).

fa:کرم ابریشم


عنکبوت

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عَنْکَبوت • (ankabut) (plural عنکبوتها (ankabut-hâ) or عناکب ('anâkeb) or عنکبوتان (ankabutân))

عَنْکَبوت (canonical)
ankabut (romanization)
عنکبوتها (plural)
عناکب (plural)
عنکبوتان (plural)

[ʔäŋ.kʰä.búːt̪]

[ʔäŋ.kʰä.búːt̪]

[ʔäŋ.kʰä.búːt̪]

[ʔäŋ.kʰä.bút̪]

[ʔæɲ.kʰʲæ.búːt̪]

[ʔäŋ.kʰä.bɵ́t̪]

Borrowed from Arabic عَنْكَبُوت (ʕankabūt). Displaced native جولا (jôlâ) in Iranian Persian.

bor+

شد دو سه تاری که عنکبوت تنیدش
بر در آن غار پرده دار محمد

late 1400s, Nūr ad-Dīn 'Abd ar-Rahmān Jāmī, فاتحة الشباب:

The two or three threads that the spider wove for him
On the door of the cave, were the veil of Muhammad.

šud du si tārē ki ankabūt tanīd-aš
bar dar-i ān ğār parda dār-i muhammad


مگس

→ Central Kurdish: مەگەز (megez)

→ Khalaj: mağas

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: مگس (meges)
Turkish: meges

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mks /magas/), from Proto-Iranian *makácaH, ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mákš (“fly”). Compare Sanskrit मशक (maśaka).

inh

لب لعلت عجب از عین نزاکت شکریست
که کرانی بود از سایه بال مگسش

c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 190:

Strange that your ruby lips are from the essence of sugar's tenderness,
For one side of it is from the shadow of the fly's wings [i.e. it is very small].

lab-i la'lat ajab az ayn-i nazākat-i šakarī-st
ki karānē buwad az sāya-yi bāl-i magasaš


کیک

→ Ottoman Turkish: كیك (keyk)

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (kdyk' /kayk/), 𐫐𐫏𐫐 (kyk /kayk/), from Proto-Iranian *kā́ykiH. Compare Semnani کیگ (keyg, “flea”), Northern Kurdish kêç (“flea”), Talysh kek (“flea”), Zazaki kekı (“flea”), Central Kurdish كێچ (kêç, “flea”).


کژدم

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کژدم • (každom) (plural کژدمها (každom-hâ))

každom (romanization)
کژدمها (plural)
کژدم (singular)
کژدمها، کژدما (každom-hấ, každomấ^△) (plural)
کژدم را، کژدم رو (každom râ, každomo^△) (definite direct-object singular)
کژدم (ezafe singular)
کژدمی (definite relative singular)
کژدمی (indefinite singular stressed)
کژدمم (first-person possessive singular)
کژدمت (second-person singular)
کژدمش (possessive singular third-person)
کژدمم (first-person singular)
každomam (first-person singular)
کژدمیم (first-person plural)
každomim (first-person plural)
کژدمی (second-person singular)
každomi (second-person singular)
کژدمید (plural second-person)
každomid (plural second-person)
کژدمین (colloquial plural second-person)
každomin (plural second-person)
کژدم است (singular third-person)
každom ast (singular third-person)
کژدمه (colloquial singular third-person)
každome (singular third-person)
کژدمند (plural third-person)
každomand (plural third-person)
کژدمن (colloquial plural third-person)
každoman (plural third-person)

From Middle Persian [script needed] (gazdum). By surface analysis, کژ (kaž, “bent, crooked”) + دم (dom, “tail”). For the semantics compare Old Armenian կոր (kor). Compare Semnani گيژدم (giždom), Talysh کرژدوم (kırjdom).

surf

آدمی مر مار و کژدم را چه کرد
کاو همیخواهد مر او را مرگ و درد

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 230:

What was done by man to snake and scorpion
that they wish (to inflict) death and pain upon him?

ādamī mar mār u každum rā či kard
k-ō hamē-xwahad ō rā marg u dard

(chiefly Dari, Tajik; elsewhere dated) scorpion


آخوندک

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آخوندک • (âxundak)

fa-noun

آخوندک • (âxundak)

From آخوند (âxund, “mullah, cleric”) + ـک (-ak, diminutive suffix).


کفشدوزک

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کفشدوزک • (kafšduzak) (plural کفشدوزکها (kafšduzak-hâ))

kafšduzak (romanization)
کفشدوزکها (plural)

Disputed. Could be from an earlier *کوژدوشَک = کوژ (kuž, “convex”) + دوش (duš, “shoulder, back”) + ـک (-ak, diminutive suffix), "the little hunchback" (also see گوژپُشت), or from کُش (koš) + شَتو (šatu) + زَک (zak), literally “the killer of aphid pests”. Analyzable in Modern Persian as کفشدوز (kafš-duz, “shoe maker”) + ـک (ak, diminutive suffix), literally “the little shoemaker” (etymologically debunked).

af

(Iran) ladybird or lady-bird, ladybug (Canada, US)


زنبور

head

زنبور • (zanbur) (plural زنبورها (zanbur-hâ))

→ Middle Armenian: զամբուռ (zambuṙ)

Borrowed from Arabic زَنْبُور (zanbūr). An alternative pronunciation of Modern Standard Arabic زُنْبُور (zunbūr).

کندوی زنبور

زنبور دنبال گل است.

به روستا رفت و زنبور پرورش داد.

He went to the countryside and raised bees.

زانک کرمنا شد آدم ز اختیار، یم زنبور عسل شد نیم مار

c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 3291:

Because We have honoured Man by [the gift of] free-will: half [of him] is honeybee, half is snake.

z-ân ke karramnâ šod âdam z-extiyâr, nim zanbur-e 'asal šod, nim mâr.

زین پیشتر حلاوت شهد اینقدر نبود، زنبور دانم آن لب شیرین مزیده است

c. 1650, Muḥammad Ṭāhir Ğanī Kašmīrī, translated by Mufti Mudasir Farooqi and Nusrat Bazaz, دیوان [Divān]:

Never before has honey tasted so sweet [as the sweetness of seeing my love]. The bee, I know, has stung that sweet lip.

z-in pištar halâvat-e šahd in-qadr na-bud, zanbur dânam ân lab-e širin gazide ast.


پشه

پشه • (paše or pašše) (plural پشهها (paše-hâ))

paše (romanization)
pašše (romanization)
پشهها (plural)

→ Khalaj: paşşa (“mosquito”)

→ Uyghur: پاشا (pasha, “mosquito”)

→ Uzbek: pashsha (“fly”)

→ Kazakh: маса (masa, “mosquito”)

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (phšk' /paxšag/, “mosquito, gnat”), from Old Iranian *paxšaka-.


خرچنگ

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خرچنگ • (xarčang) (plural خرچنگها (xarčang-hâ))

→ Azerbaijani: xərçəng

→ Gujarati: ખરચંગ (kharcaṅg)

→ Ottoman Turkish: خرچنگ (harçeng)

[xäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽŋɡ]

[xäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽŋɡ]

[xäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽŋɡ]

[xäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽŋɡ̥]

[xæɹ.t͡ʃʰǽɲɡʲ̥]

[χäɾ.t͡ʃʰǽŋɡ]

Having its shape in New Persian due to folk etymological connection to خر (xar, “ass”) and چنگ (čang, “claw”) from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (klcng /karčang/), 𐫞𐫏𐫡𐫉𐫗𐫃 (qyrzng /karzang/), cognate to Central Kurdish قرژاڵ (qerzhal), قرژانگ (qerzhang, “crab”), Southern Kurdish قِرژِنگ (qerzhang, “crab”), Northern Luri کرژنڳ (kerzheng), Zazaki kerkınc (“crab”) and Middle Armenian քարժանկ (kʻaržank, “crawfish”), ultimately from Old Iranian *karičanaka-, from Proto-Iranian *kar-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-, with a different second component encountered in Avestan 𐬐𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬞𐬎 (kharpu, “crab”) and Sanskrit कर्कट (karkaṭa, “crab”), Old Armenian կարիճ (karič, “scorpion”), Ancient Greek καρίς (karís, “shrimp”), Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos, “crab”), Latin cancer (“crab”), and if we compare Ancient Greek κάραβος (kárabos, “a kind of beetle; a kind of crayfish”) then Old Armenian քարբ (kʻarb, “asp, basilisk”) and the Semitic family of Arabic عَقْرَب (ʕaqrab, “scorpion”) has to be noted, a circumstance which may point to an ideophonic phenomenon, which also probably influenced Proto-Germanic *krabbô.


بید

Unknown, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split”), in reference to the harmful activities of these insects. Compare the variants بیو (biv), بیب (bib).

der

moth; especially, the clothes moth or other types of moths that cause damage to crops or fabric, or the larva thereof


سنجاقک

head

سنجاقک • (sanjâqak) (plural سنجاقکها (sanjâqak-hâ))

sanjâqak (romanization)
سنجاقکها (plural)
سنجاقک (singular)
سنجاقک (ezafe singular)
سنجاقکی (definite relative singular)
سنجاقکی (indefinite singular stressed)

[sæn.d͡ʒɒː.ʁǽkʲ]


حشره

حَشَرِه • (hašare) (plural حشرات (hašarât) or حشرهها (hašare-hâ))

حَشَرِه (canonical)
hašare (romanization)
حشرات (plural)
حشرهها (plural)


کرم شب‌تاب

کرمهای شبتاب

کرم شبتاب • (kerm-e šab-tâb) (plural کرمهای شبتاب (kerm-hâ-ye šab-tâb))

fa-noun

کرمهای شبتاب

کرم شبتاب (canonical)
kerm-e šab-tâb (romanization)
کرمهای شبتاب (plural)

fa:کرم شب‌تاب


هیره

hire (romanization)
هیرهها (plural)
هیره (singular)
هیرهها، هیرها (hire-hấ, hireấ^△) (colloquial plural)
هیره را، هیره رو (hiré râ, hirá ro^△) (colloquial definite direct-object singular)
هیرهٔ (ezafe singular)
هیرهای (definite relative singular)
هیرهای (indefinite singular stressed)


مور

From Middle Persian [script needed] (mwl /mōr/), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *marwíš (“ant”).


جیرجیرک

[d͡ʒiːɾ.d͡ʒiː.ɾäk]

[d͡ʒiːɾ.d͡ʒiː.ɾäk]

[d͡ʒiːɾ.d͡ʒiː.ɾäk]

[d͡ʒiːɹ.d͡ʒiː.ɹækʲ]


پخچه

head

پخچه • (paxče)

fa-noun

پخچه • (paxče)


زنجره

zanjere (romanization)
zanjare (romanization)

Dehkhoda Dictionary
Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute
University of Tehran Press


کلیز

head

کلیز • (kaliz) (plural کلیزها (kaliz-hâ))

(archaic outside Dari and Khorasani) bee


جولا

جولا • (julâ, jôlâ) (plural جولاها (julâ, jôlâ-hâ))

julâ (romanization)
jôlâ (romanization)
جولاها (plural)

Displaced by Arabic عَنْكَبُوت (ʕankabūt) in Iranian Persian.

displaced

(chiefly Dari; elsewhere dialectal) spider


موریانه

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موریانه • (muryâne) (plural موریانهها (muryâne-hâ))

muryâne (romanization)
موریانهها (plural)

Derived from the word مور (mur, “ant”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *marwíš.


میگو

میگو • (meygu) (plural میگوها (meygu-hâ))

From Middle Persian [script needed] (mdk' /ma(y)ik/), from Proto-Iranian *madika, a variant of Proto-Iranian *madaxa (“locust, grasshopper”), and thus related to ملخ (malax); see there for further information.
The second component is from Middle Persian [Term?] (/-ūg/, “-like”).


جولاهک

head

جولاهک • (julâhak)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: ջուլհակ (ǰulhak), ջուլուհակ (ǰuluhak)

Armenian: ջուլհակ (ǰulhak), ջուլահակ (ǰulahak) — obsolete

Already Middle Persian, as seen in Arabic جُلَاهِق (julāhiq). From some descendant of Sanskrit कौलिक (kaulika, “weaver”).


مادر کیکان

[mɑː.d̪ǽ.ɾɪ kʰäj.kʰɑ́ːn]