A

Vun A bis Z.


Haus

From Middle High German and Old High German hūs. Cognate to German Haus.

Die Bump is juscht drei Schritt vum Haus;
Dart krigt mer's Wasser frisch heraus.

1907, “Das Schulhaus an der Krick”, in The Pennsylvania-German: A Popular Magazine, page 335:

Des Haus gans voll mit Gschpuckerei

2011, Peter Fritsch, Pennsylvania Dutch Halloween Scherenschnitte, page 40:

The house [is] full of spookiness (i.e. it is haunted)


Buch

From Middle High German buoch, from Old High German buoh. Compare German Buch, Dutch boek, English book.


Fisch

From Middle High German visch, from Old High German fisk, fisc, from Proto-West Germanic *fisk.


Maus

From Middle High German mūs, from Old High German mūs, from Proto-West Germanic *mūs. Compare German Maus, Dutch muis, English mouse, Swedish mus.


Gaul

From Middle High German gūl, of obscure ultimate origin, but possibly ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *geutan (“to pour, cast”), referring to a powerful male horse, a "seed-pouring animal." Cognate with German Gaul, Middle Low German gûl, and Dutch guil (“old horse”).


Kuh

From Middle High German kuo, from Old High German kuo, from Proto-West Germanic *kō, from Proto-Germanic *kōz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws.


Welt

Compare German Welt, Dutch wereld, English world, Swedish värld.


Nacht

From Middle High German nacht, from Old High German naht, from Proto-West Germanic *naht, from Proto-Germanic *nahts, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts. Compare German Nacht, Dutch nacht, English night.


Narr

From Middle High German narre, from Old High German narro, further etymology unknown. Cognate with German Narr, Yiddish נאַר (nar).

unk

unknown


Schnee

From Middle High German snê, from Old High German snēo, from Proto-West Germanic *snaiw.


Schatz

From Middle High German schaz, from Old High German skaz, from Proto-West Germanic *skatt. Compare German Schatz, Dutch schat.


Schatz

Probably from Middle Low German schörte, from Old Saxon *skurtia, from Proto-West Germanic *skurtijā. Compare German Schürze, Dutch schort, English shirt.


Wasser

From Middle High German wazzer, from Old High German wazzar. Compare German Wasser, Dutch water, English water.


Licht

From Middle High German lieht, from Old High German lioht. Compare German Licht, Dutch licht, English light.


Eis

From Middle High German and Old High German īs, from Proto-West Germanic *īs, from Proto-Germanic *īsą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH-. Compare German Eis, Dutch ijs, English ice.


Sau

From Middle High German sū, from Old High German sū, from Proto-West Germanic *sū. Compare German Sau, Dutch zeug, English sow.


Kessel

Compare German Kessel, Dutch ketel, English kettle.


Blatt

From Rhine Franconian Blaat, from Middle High German blat, from Old High German blat.
Compare German Blatt, Dutch blad, English blade.


Ohr

From Middle High German ore, from Old High German ōra, from Proto-West Germanic *auʀā, from the voiced Verner alternant of Proto-Germanic *ausô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows-. Compare German Ohr, Dutch oor, English ear.


Mittwoch

Sunndaag · Moondaag~Mundaag~Muundaag · Dinschdaag · Mittwoch · Dunnerschdaag · Freidaag · Samschdaag [edit]


Schuh

From Middle High German schuoch, from Old High German scuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *skōh. Compare German Schuh, Dutch schoen, English shoe.


Gold

Compare German Gold, Dutch goud, English gold.


Appel

From Rhine Franconian, from Middle High German apfel. Compare German Apfel, Dutch appel, English apple.


Band

Compare German band, Dutch band, English band.


Bank

From Middle High German bank, from Old High German bank. Compare German Bank, Dutch bank, English bench.


Bier

From Middle High German bier, from Old High German bior, from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ.
Compare German Bier, Dutch bier, English beer.


Bild

From Middle High German bilde, from Old High German bilidi, biladi, from Proto-West Germanic *biliþī.


Blut

Compare German Blut, Dutch bloed, English blood.


Bord

From Middle High German and Old High German bort, from Proto-West Germanic *bord. Compare German Bord, Dutch boord, English board.


Brett

Compare German Brett, Dutch berd, Old English bred.


Brief

Compare German Brief, Dutch brief, English brief.


Dag

Dag (plural)
Dage (plural)
Daag (alternative)

Compare German Tag, Dutch dag, English day.


Dank

Compare German Dank, Dutch dank, English thanks.


Dier

From Middle High German türe, from Old High German turi. Compare German Tür, Dutch deur, English door.


Dier

From Middle High German tier, from Old High German tior. Compare German Tier, Dutch dier, English deer, Swedish djur.


Eider

Compare German Euter, Dutch uier, English udder.


End

From Middle High German ende, from Old High German enti, from Proto-West Germanic *andī, from Proto-Germanic *andijaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂entíos.
Cognate with German Ende, German Low German Enn, Dutch einde, English end, Danish ende, Swedish ände.


Engel

From Middle High German engel, from Old High German engil, from Proto-West Germanic *angil, borrowed from Latin angelus, itself from Ancient Greek ἄγγελος (ángelos).


Enkel

From Middle High German eninkel, from Old High German eninchilī, from or related to Proto-Germanic *anô (“ancestor”). Compare German Enkel.


Esse

Esse un Drinke


Fall

From Middle High German val, from Old High German fal, from Proto-West Germanic *fall. Compare German Fall, Dutch geval.


Finger

From Middle High German vinger, from Old High German fingar. Compare German Finger, Dutch vinger, English finger.


Flint

Compare German Flinte and Plautdietsch Flint.


Gans

From Middle High German and Old High German gans, from Proto-West Germanic *gans. Compare German Gans, Dutch gans, English goose, Danish gås.


Geld

From Middle High German gelt, from Old High German kelt, from Proto-West Germanic *geld. Compare German Geld, Dutch geld.


Gift

From Middle High German and Old High German gift, from Proto-West Germanic *gifti, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz. Compare German Gift, Dutch gif.


Grund

From Middle High German and Old High German grunt. Compare German Grund, Dutch grond, English ground.


Haar

From Middle High German and Old High German hār, from Proto-West Germanic *hār. Compare German Haar, Dutch haar, English hair, Swedish hår.


Hack

From Middle Low German hakke, from Proto-Germanic *hak(k)-, perhaps related to *hakô. Compare German Hacke, Dutch hak.


Hals

Compare German Hals, Dutch hals, Old English heals.


Hammer

head

Hammer m (plural Hammer, second plural Hemmer)

From Middle High German hamer, from Old High German hamar. Compare German Hammer, Dutch hamer, English hammer.


Hand

From Middle High German and Old High German hant, from Proto-West Germanic *handu, from Proto-Germanic *handuz.
Compare German Hand, Dutch hand, English hand.


Haut

From Middle High German hūt, from Old High German hūt. Compare German Haut, Dutch huid, English hide.


Heft

From Middle High German hefte, from Old High German hefti, from Proto-West Germanic *haftī, from Proto-Germanic *haftiją (“handle, grip”). Compare German Heft, Dutch heft, English haft.


Himmel

From Middle High German himel, from Old High German himil. Compare German Himmel, Dutch hemel.


Hund

From Middle High German and Old High German hunt. Compare German Hund, Dutch hond, English hound.


Hut

Compare German Hut, Dutch hoed, English hood.


Kind

From Middle High German kint, from Old High German kind, from Proto-West Germanic *kind (“child”). Cognate with Dutch kind, Latin gēns and genus.


Land

From Middle High German lant. Compare German Land, Dutch land, English land.


Laus

From Middle High German lūs, from Old High German lūs, from Proto-West Germanic *lūs, from Proto-Germanic *lūs.
Compare German Laus, Dutch luis, English louse.


Lied

Compare German Lied, Dutch lied, Old English lēoþ.


Loch

From Middle High German loch, from Old High German loh. Compare German Loch.


Luft

From Middle High German luft, from Old High German luft, from Proto-West Germanic *luftu.
Compare German Luft, Dutch lucht, Old English lyft, Swedish luft.


Mann

From Middle High German man, from Old High German man, from Proto-West Germanic *mann, from Proto-Germanic *mann-, from Proto-Indo-European *mon-. Cognate with German Mann.


Maul

From Middle High German mūl, mūle (“snout, mouth”), from Old High German *mūl, mūla (“snout”), from Proto-Germanic *mūlą, *mūlō (“muzzle, snout”), from Proto-Indo-European *mū- (“lips, muzzle”).
Compare German Maul, Dutch muil.


Oi

From Old High German ei, from Proto-Germanic *ajją. Compare German Ei, Dutch ei, English egg.


Rick

Cognate with German Rücken, Dutch rug, English ridge.


Rock

From Middle High German roc, from Old High German roc(h), from Proto-Germanic *rukkaz. Compare German Rock.


Rot

From Middle High German rāt, from Old High German rāt, from Proto-West Germanic *rād.
Compare German Rat, Dutch raad, Old English rǣd.


Sack

From Middle High German Old High German sac, from Proto-West Germanic *sakku, from Proto-Germanic *sakkuz.
Compare German Sack, Dutch zak, English sack.


Schwarz

/ˈʃʋaːɐ̯t͡s/

From Middle High German swarz, from Old High German swarz, from Proto-West Germanic *swart, from Proto-Germanic *swartaz, from Proto-Indo-European *swordo- (“dirty, dark, black”). Compare German schwarz, Dutch zwart, English swart.


See

From Old High German sēo, from Proto-Germanic *saiwiz. Compare German See, Dutch zee, English sea, Swedish sjö.


Ton

From Middle High German tôn, from Latin tonus. Compare German Ton.


Wand

From Middle High German and Old High German want. Compare German Wand, Dutch wand, English wand.


Watt

Compare German Wort, Dutch woord, English word.


Web

Compare German Gewebe, Dutch web, English web.


Weg

From Middle High German wec, from Old High German weg, from Proto-West Germanic *weg. Cognate with German Weg, English way.


Winkel

From Middle High German winkel, from Old High German winkil, from Proto-West Germanic *winkil. Compare German Winkel, Dutch winkel.


Wolf

From Middle High German wolf, from Old High German wolf, from Proto-West Germanic *wulf, from Proto-Germanic *wulfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos. Compare German Wolf, Dutch wolf and English wolf, Danish ulv, Gothic 𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐍃 (wulfs).


Dach

Inherited from Middle High German dach, from Old High German dah, from Proto-West Germanic *þak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką.


Zehe

Compare German Zehe, Dutch teen, English toe.


Hof

From Middle High German and Old High German hof, from Proto-West Germanic *hof, from Proto-Germanic *hufą (“hill, farm”). Compare German Hof.


Bauer

From Middle High German būre, gebūre, from Old High German būr (“peasant”), gibūr, gibūro.


Brot

From Middle High German and Old High German brōt. Compare German Brot, Dutch brood, English bread.


Kalb

Compare German Kalb, Dutch kalf, English calf.


Bett

From Middle High German bette, from Old High German betti, from Proto-West Germanic *badi.
Compare German Bett, Dutch bed, English bed.


Fett

See the adjective fett. Compare German Fett, Dutch vet, English fat.


Frosch

From Middle High German vrosch, from Old High German frosc (“frog”), from Proto-West Germanic *frosk (“frog”), from Proto-Germanic *fruskaz (“frog”), from Proto-Indo-European *prew- (“jump, hop”).
Cognate with German Frosch, Middle Low German vorsch (“frog”), Dutch vors, West Frisian froask, Icelandic froskur.


Nuss

From Middle High German and Old High German nuz. Cognate with German Nuss, Dutch noot, English nut, Icelandic hnut.


Fels

From Middle High German vels, from Old High German felis, from Proto-West Germanic *falis, from Proto-Germanic *falisaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pels-, *pelis- (“rock, cliff”). Compare German Fels.


Zelt

From Middle High German zëlt, from Old High German zelt, from Proto-West Germanic *teld, from Proto-Germanic *teldą. Compare German Zelt, Old English teld.


Feld

From Middle High German vëlt, from Old High German feld, from Proto-West Germanic *felþu. Compare German Feld, Dutch veld, English field.


Leim

From Middle High German and Old High German līm, from Proto-West Germanic *līm, from Proto-Germanic *līmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *sley- (“smooth; slick; sticky; slimy”). Compare German Leim, Dutch lijm.


Moos

From Middle High German māz, from Old High German māza, from Proto-West Germanic *mātu. Compare German Maß, Dutch maat.


Moos

From Middle High German mos, from Old High German mos.
Compare German Moos, Dutch mos, English moss.


Schild

From Middle High German schilt, from Old High German scilt, scild, from Proto-West Germanic *skeldu (“shield”), from Proto-Germanic *skelduz (“shield”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keyt-, *(s)keyd-, *keyt- (“shield, cover”). Compare German Schild, Dutch schild, English shield, Danish skjold.


Gott

From Middle High German and Old High German got. Compare German Gott, Dutch god, English god.


Bruder

From Middle High German and Old High German bruoder. Compare German Bruder, Dutch broer, English brother, Swedish bror.


Kohl

From Middle High German and Old High German kol. Compare German Kohle, Dutch kool, English coal.


Schloss

Compare German Schloss, Dutch slot, English slot.


Bruch

Compare German Bruch, Dutch breuk, English breach.


Ding

From Rhine Franconian [Term?], from Middle High German ding, from Old High German thing, from Proto-West Germanic *þing. Compare German Ding, Dutch ding, English thing, Swedish ting.


Lamm

From Middle High German lamp, from Old High German lamb. Compare German Lamm, Dutch lam, English lamb.


Mehl

From Middle High German mel, from Old High German melo, from Proto-West Germanic *melu, from Proto-Germanic *melwą. Cognate with German Mehl, Dutch meel, English meal (etymology 2).


Macht

From Middle High German and Old High German maht. Compare German Macht, Dutch macht, English might.


Huf

Compare German Huf, Dutch hoef, English hoof, Swedish hov.


Hass

From Middle High German and Old High German haz. Compare German Hass, Dutch haat, English hate.


Sicht

From Middle High German and Old High German siht, from Proto-West Germanic *sihti. Compare German Sicht, Dutch zicht, English sight.


Beil

From Middle High German bīl, bīhel, from Old High German bīhal, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bíþla- (“axe”), instrumental noun from *bītaną (“to bite”). Compare German Beil, Dutch bijl.


Busch

From Middle High German busch, bosch, from Old High German busk, from Proto-West Germanic *busk. Compare German Busch, Dutch bos, English bush.


Esel

From Middle High German esel, from Old High German esil, from Proto-West Germanic *asil. Compare German Esel, Dutch ezel.


Feier

From Middle High German viur, from Old High German fiur, from Proto-West Germanic *fuir. Compare German Feuer, English fire.


Feind

From Middle High German vīant, from Old High German fīand, fīant, from Proto-West Germanic *fijand, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz.
Cognate to German Feind, Low German Feend, Fiend, Icelandic fjandi, Dutch vijand, English fiend, Danish fjende, Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands).


Fink

From Old High German finco. Compare German Fink, Dutch vink, English finch.


Frack

Borrowed from English frock. Compare German Frack.


Gewalt

From Middle High German gewalt, from Old High German giwalt, from Proto-West Germanic *wald. Compare German Gewalt, Dutch geweld.


Neid

From Middle High German nīt, from Old High German nīd, from Proto-West Germanic *nīþ. Compare German Neid, Dutch nijd, Old English nīþ.


Schaufel

Compare German Schaufel, Dutch schoffel, English shovel.


Schall

From Middle High German schal, from Old High German scal, from Proto-West Germanic *skellan. Compare German Schall.


Schenkel

From Middle High German schenkel, schinkel, from Old High German scanca. Compare German Schenkel. Related to English shank.


Sitz

From Middle High German siz, from Old High German siz, ultimately from the root of sitzen (“to sit”). Compare German Sitz, Dutch zit.


Vieh

From Middle High German vihe, from Old High German fihu, Proto-West Germanic *fehu, from Proto-Germanic *fehu, from Proto-Indo-European *peḱu-. Compare German Vieh.


Volk

From Middle High German volk, from Old High German folk, from Proto-West Germanic *folk.
Compare German Volk, Dutch volk, English folk.


Weib

Compare German Weib, Dutch wijf, English wife.


Hell

From Middle High German helle, from Old High German hellia, from Proto-West Germanic *hallju. Compare German Hölle, Dutch hel, English hell.


Yuli

Tschulei (alternative)
Juli (alternative)


Brauerei

Compare German Brauerei, Dutch brouwerij, English brewery.


Molke

From Middle High German molken, from Proto-Germanic *mulknō, related to the verb *melkaną (“to milk”), compare German Molke.


Katz

From Middle High German katze, from Old High German kazza. Cognate with German Katze.


Buh

Buwe (plural)
Bu (alternative)
Bub (alternative)

Compare English bub, English boy, and German Bube.


Baer

From Middle High German bër, from Old High German bero.
Compare German Bär, Dutch beer, English bear.


Grumbeer

Grumbeere (plural)
Grumbier (alternative)

Compound of Grund (“ground”) + Beer (“pear”). Compare German Grumbeere.


Kar

Kars (plural)
Kar (nominative singular)
Kars (definite nominative plural)
Kar (accusative singular)
Kars (accusative definite plural)
Kar (dative singular)
Kars (dative definite plural)


Hatz

Compare German Herz, Dutch hart, English heart, Swedish hjärta.


Weh

Compare German Weh, Dutch wee, English woe.


Aag

From Old High German ouga, cognate to German Auge; from Proto-Germanic *augô, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ-.


Kaundi

Yarick Kaundi


Eiwuhner

Compare German Einwohner, Dutch inwoner.


Mudder

Compare German Mutter, Dutch moeder, English mother.


Bee

Compare German Bein, Dutch been, English bone.


Brill

From Middle High German brille, berille, from berillus (“beryl”), from Latin beryllus (“beryl”). Compare German Brille, Dutch bril.


Fuuss

Compare German Fuß, Dutch voet, English foot.


Geess

From Middle High German and Old High German geiz, from Proto-West Germanic *gait. Cognate with German Geiß, Dutch geit, English goat, Danish ged.


Eil

Compare German Eule, Dutch uil, English owl.


Eechel

From Middle High German eichel, from Old High German eihhila, from Proto-West Germanic *aikilu. Compare German Eichel, Dutch eikel.


Deel

From Middle High German and Old High German teil, from Proto-West Germanic *daili. Compare German Teil, Dutch deel.


Aarm

Aerm (plural)
Aarem (alternative)
Arm (alternative)

Compare German Arm, Dutch arm, Old English earm.


Blumm

Compare German Blume, Dutch bloem, English bloom.


Kapp

From Middle High German kappe, from Old High German kappa, from Late Latin cappa. Compare German Kappe, Dutch kap, English cap.


Woch

From Middle High German woche, from Old High German wohha, alteration of earlier wehha, from Proto-West Germanic *wikā, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ. Compare German Woche, Dutch week, English week.


Fleesch

From Middle High German fleisch, from Old High German fleisk, from Proto-West Germanic *flaiski.


Schank

From Middle High German schanc, perhaps a variant of schranc, whence German Schrank.


Baart

From Middle High German and Old High German bart. Compare German Bart, Dutch baard, English beard.


Deeg

Compare German Teig, Dutch deeg, English dough, Swedish deg.


Geescht

From Middle High German and Old High German geist. Compare German Geist, Dutch geest, English ghost.


Harf

Compare German Harfe, Dutch harp, English harp.


Hiwwel

From Middle High German hübel, from Old High German *hubil, from Proto-Germanic *hubilaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kewb- (“to bend; a bend, joint”), see also Proto-Germanic *hupiz (“hip”), *hufą (“elevated place, hill”). Compare German Hübel.


Fedder

From Middle High German vëdere, from Old High German fedara (akin to Old Saxon fethara), from Proto-West Germanic *feþru, from Proto-Germanic *feþrō, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”).
Compare German Feder, Dutch veder, English feather.


Peffer

Compare German Pfeffer, Dutch peper, English pepper.


Woll

From Middle High German wolle, from Old High German wolla, from Proto-West Germanic *wulla. Compare German Wolle, Dutch wol, English wool.


Schipp

From Middle Low German and Middle High German schüppe, related to schupfen (“push”), from Proto-Germanic *skuppōną. Compare German Schippe, Dutch schep.

Schipp un Schtiel


Schof

From Middle High German schāf, from Old High German scāf. Compare German Schaf, English sheep, Dutch schaap, West Frisian skiep.


Leeder

Compare German Leiter, Dutch ladder, English ladder.


Duch

From Middle High German tuoch, from Old High German (*)duoh, northern variant of tuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *dōk, from Proto-Germanic *dōkaz.
Cognate with German Tuch (“cloth; towel”), Dutch doek (“cloth”), Danish dug (“cloth; tablecloth”), English duck (“canvas”).


Nascht

From Middle High German ast, from Old High German ast. Cognate to German Ast, the n resulted from rebracketing after the indefinite article.


Leit

Compare German Leute, Dutch lieden, Old English lēod.

Viel Leit wolle es net esse, awwer ich fer schurr.

Many people don't want to eat it, but I do for sure.


Hex

Compare German Hexe, Dutch heks, and English hag from Old English hægtesse.


Scheed

From Middle High German scheide, from Old High German sceida, from Proto-West Germanic *skaiþiju. Compare German Scheide, Dutch schede, English sheath.


Zweiwel

From Old High German zwīfal. Cognate with German Zweifel, Luxembourgish Zweiwel and Dutch twijfel.


Seef

Compare German Seife, Dutch zeep, English soap.


Schlof

Compare German Schlaf, Dutch slaap, English sleep.


Scheier

From Middle High German schiure, from Old High German scūra. Cognate with dialectal German Scheuer.


Eck

From Rhine Franconian Eck, from Middle High German egge, from Old High German egga, from Proto-West Germanic *aggju. Compare German Ecke, English edge.


Hann

From Middle High German hirne, hërne, from Old High German hirni (“brain”), from Proto-West Germanic *hirʀnī, from Proto-Germanic *hirzniją (“brain”). Compare German Hirn.


Hann

From Middle High German and Old High German horn. Compare German Horn, Dutch hoorn, English horn.


Haas

From Middle High German hase, from Old High German haso. Compare German Hase, English hare.


Zacke

From Middle High German zacke, from Old High German *zacho, from Proto-Germanic *takkô (“spike, prickle”). Cognate with Dutch tak (“branch”), English tack.


Tschaepp

Nee, 's waar doch schur ebbes letz Mit dem Schulmeeschter-Tschaepp; […]

1968, Publications of the Pennsylvania German Society, volume 2, page 208:

Es grooss waar fer die Maemm un Paepp,

1988, in A Pennsylvania German anthology (Earl C. Haag), page 301

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


Daag

From Middle High German tag, tac, from Old High German tag, tac (attested since the 8th century); from Proto-West Germanic *dag.
Compare German Tag, Dutch dag, English day.

en paar Daage


Schmier

Deverbal from Middle High German smirn, smirwen, from Old High German smirwen, from Proto-West Germanic *smirwijan (“to smear”).
Equivalent to German Schmiere. Compare also German Schmer, English smear.


Kopp

From Rhine Franconian, from Middle High German and Old High German kopf, from Proto-Germanic *kuppaz. Compare German Kopf, Dutch kop.


Beer

From Middle High German ber, from Old High German beri. Compare German Beere, English berry, Swedish bär.


Beer

From Middle High German bir, from Old High German bira. Compare German Birne, Dutch peer, English pear.


Pann

From Middle High German pfanne, from Old High German *panna, a northern variant of pfanna, from Proto-West Germanic *pannā, from Proto-Germanic *pannǭ, from Latin panna. Compare German Pfanne, Dutch pan, English pan.


Fill

Compare German Füllen, Dutch veulen, English foal.


Ox

Compare German Ochse, Dutch os, English ox.


Wei

Compare German Wein, Dutch wijn, English wine.


Weed

From Old High German weida. Cognate with German Weide, Dutch weide, English wathe, and Dutch weide.


Fenz

Mei Nochber, der Greeley, is an der Fenz gestanne un hot mer zugeguckt.

1907, Meik Fuchs, “Charlie Green's Expirienz mit eme Skunk (Western German-American Dialect)”, in The Pennsylvania-German: A Popular Magazine, page 185:

My neighbor, Greeley, stood at the fence and watched me.


Nochber

My neighbour, Greeley, stood at the fence watching me.


Portsch

Bortsch (alternative)
Porch (alternative)

Die Mammy hot die Portsch abgekehrt, […]

1904, Daniel Miller, Pennsylvania German: A collection of Pennsylvania German productions in poetry and prose, page 235:


Deiwel

From Middle High German tiuvel, from Old High German tiufal. Cognate to German Teufel, Dutch duivel, English devil.

Do is en Deiwel, […]

2011, Peter Fritsch, Pennsylvania Dutch Halloween Scherenschnitte, page 62:


Voggel

From Middle High German vogel, from Old High German fogal, from Proto-West Germanic *fugl, from Proto-Germanic *fuglaz. Compare to German Vogel, Dutch vogel, English fowl, Swedish fågel.


Feiervoggel

Der Feiervoggel baut ken Nescht,
Er singt net in de Baem;

1938, poem published in the journal of the Pennsylvania German Folklore Society, page 26

The firefly doesn't build a nest,
He doesn't sing in the trees;
He has a lantern affixed behind [him].


Brick

From Middle High German brucke, from Old High German brugga, from Proto-West Germanic *bruggju, from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ.
Compare German Brücke, Dutch brug, English bridge, Old Saxon bruggia, Low German Brüch, Danish brygge.


Odem

From Middle High German ātem, from Old High German *ādum, northern variant of ātum. Compare German Atem.


Schaam

From Middle High German schūm, from Old High German scūm, from Proto-West Germanic *skūm.
Compare German Schaum, Dutch schuim, English scum.


Balle

Compare English ball, German Ball, Dutch bal.


Lieg

From Middle High German lügen, from Old High German lugina, from Proto-West Germanic *luginu. Compare German Lüge, Dutch leugen, English lie.


Fraa

From Middle High German vrouwe, vrowe, from the Old High German frouwa. Compare German Frau, Dutch vrouw.


Ax

From Middle High German ahse, from Old High German ahsa, from Proto-West Germanic *ahsu. Compare German Achse, Dutch as.


Ax

From Middle High German ackes, from Old High German ackis, from Proto-West Germanic *akusi. Compare German Axt, English ax.


kumme

kumme (infinitive)
iss kumme (participle past)
waerd kumme (future)
kumm (first-person present singular)
kummscht (present second-person singular)
kummt (present singular third-person)
kumme (first-person plural present)
kummt (plural present second-person)
kumme (plural present third-person)
kumm (imperative present)

From Middle High German komen, from Old High German kweman. Compare German kommen, Dutch komen, English come.


Eise

Compare German Eisen, Dutch ijzer, English iron.


Mundaag

Mundaage (plural)
Muundaag (alternative)

From Middle High German mōntac, māntac, from Old High German mānotag (9th c.), māntag (12th c.), from Proto-West Germanic *mānini dag (“day of the moon”). Equivalent to Muhn (“moon”) + Daag (“day”).


Ries

From Middle High German rise, from Old High German risi, from Proto-West Germanic *risi. Compare German Riese, Dutch reus.


Peif

head

Peif f (plural Peife, diminutive Peifli)

Cf. German Pfeife, Central Franconian Peif.


Baam

From Middle High German boum, from Old High German boum, from Proto-West Germanic *baum, from Proto-Germanic *baumaz. Compare German Baum, Dutch boom, English beam.


Wedder

Compare German Wetter, Dutch weer, English weather.


Bundel

Cognate with German Bündel. Perhaps influenced by English bundle.


Grundsau

Grundsei (plural)
Grundsow (alternative)


Silwer

Compare German Silber, Dutch zilver, English silver.


Welschhinkel

From welsch (“foreign”) + Hinkel (“chicken”).


Aerdabbel

Aerd (“earth”) + Abbel (“apple”). Compare English earthapple ("potato, Jerusalem artichoke"), dialectal German Erdapfel ("potato"), Dutch aardappel ("potato"), Dutch aardpeer ("Jerusalem artichoke"), dialectal German Grundbirne ("potato").


Baas

Compare Dutch baas ("boss, employer"), English boss and Middle Low German bās ("foreman, supervisor").


Hochdeitsch

hoch (“high”) + Deitsch (“German”); compare German Hochdeutsch


Regge

From Middle High German rëgen, from Old High German regan, from Proto-West Germanic *regn, from Proto-Germanic *regną.


Aarsch

From Middle High German and Old High German ars, from Proto-West Germanic *ars. Compare German Arsch, Dutch aars, English arse.


Keenich

Keenich m (plural Keenich, feminine Keenichn)

From Middle High German künec, from Old High German kuning (rarer kunig), from Proto-West Germanic *kuning. Compare German König. Cognate to Dutch koning, English king.


Grick

From Middle High German krucke, krücke, from Old High German krucka, from Proto-West Germanic *krukkju, from Proto-Germanic *krukjō (“crutch, staff”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewg- (“wrinkle, bend”), from *ger- (“to turn, bend”).
Compare German Krücke, Dutch kruk, English crutch.


Grick

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


Ehr

From Middle High German ēre, from Old High German ēra (“honour, fame, sense of honour”), from Proto-West Germanic *aiʀu, from Proto-Germanic *aizō.
Compare German Ehre, Dutch eer.


Glick

From Middle High German gelücke, from Middle Low German gelucke, from Middle Dutch ghelucke, of uncertain ultimate origin, but perhaps related to Proto-West Germanic *lok (“shutter, lock”). Compare German Glück, Dutch geluk, English luck.


Bohn

Compare German Bohne, Dutch boon, English bean.


Hoke

Compare German Haken, Dutch haak, and English hook.


Hitt

Compare German Hütte, Dutch hut, English hut, Swedish hytt.


Harr

From Middle High German herre, from Old High German hērro (“master”), comparative of hēr (“gray-haired, old; noble, venerable”), from Proto-Germanic *hairaz (“gray; aged, old, distinguished”). Compare German Herr, Dutch heer.


Heid

From Middle High German heide, from Old High German heida, from Proto-West Germanic *haiþi, from Proto-Germanic *haiþī. Compare German Heide, Dutch heiden, English heathen.


Keffer

Mei Hals iss voll Keffer un Schpinne.

1951, Pennsylvania German Folklore Society, volume 16, page 73:

My neck is covered with beetles and spiders.


Scher

Compare German Schere, Dutch schaar, English shears.


Lieb

From Middle High German liebe (“joy, affection, kindliness”), from Old High German liob, lioba (“fortune, health, pleasantness, joy”), from Proto-West Germanic *leubu (“love”).
Compare German Liebe.


Loh

From Middle High German lōn, from Old High German lōn, from Proto-West Germanic *laun, from Proto-Germanic *launą. Cognate with German Lohn, Dutch loon.


Hur

Compare German Hure, Dutch hoer, English whore.


Daub

Ultimately from Latin via Middle High German dūge. Compare also Rhine Franconian dǫu. See the etymology at German Daube for more.


Daub

From Rhine Franconian daup, dǫup, from Middle High German tūbe, from Old High German tūba, from Proto-West Germanic *dūbā. Compare German Taube, Dutch duif, English dove.


Raabe

From Middle High German raben, from Old High German rabo, from Proto-West Germanic *hrabn, from Proto-Germanic *hrabnaz. Compare German Rabe, Dutch raaf, English raven.


Wedding

From Old High German wetti. Compare German Wette, English wedding.


Scheib

Compare German Scheibe, Dutch schijf, English shive.


Kann

Compare German Korn, Dutch koren, English corn.


Kann

Compare German Kern, Dutch kern, English kernel.


Kann

Compare German Kanne, Dutch kan, English can.


Peil

From Old High German pfīl. Compare German Pfeil, Dutch pijl.


Schopp

From Middle High German schupfe, from Old High German scupfa, from Proto-Germanic *skup-. Compare German Schuppen, Dutch schop, English shop.


Kotz

From Middle High German koppezen, intensive form of koppen (“to spit”), likely of onomatopoeic origin. Compare German Kotze.

Akademie-Verlag
Berlin
Wolfgang Pfeifer (etymologist)


Flamm

From Middle High German vlamme, from Latin flamma. Compare German Flamme, Dutch vlam, English flame.


Grebs

[…] / Der Grebs, der petzt noch aller Aard, / […]

1951, Pennsylvania German Folklore Society, volume 16, page 20:


Fuder

Compare German Futter, Old English fōdor, and Dutch voering.


Soh

From Middle High German sun, from Old High German sunu, from Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.
Compare German Sohn, Low German Söhn, Dutch zoon, English son, Danish søn, Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐍃 (sunus).


Graft

Compare German Kraft, Dutch kracht, English craft.


Blans

From Old High German pflanza, from Latin planta. Compare German Pflanze, Dutch plant, English plant.


Fecht

From Middle High German vëhten, from Old High German fehtan. Compare German Fechten, Dutch gevecht, English fight.


Kich

From Middle High German küche, from Old High German chuhhina. Compare German Küche, Dutch keuken, English kitchen.

Es Maedel iss in re Kich.


Naas

From Middle High German nase, from Old High German nasa, from Proto-West Germanic *nasu. Cognate with German Nase.


Zeiding

Compare German Zeitung, Dutch tijding, English tiding.


Yaahr

Yaahre (plural)
Jaahr (alternative)
Jahr (alternative)

From Middle High German jār, from Old High German jār, from Proto-West Germanic *jār, from Proto-Germanic *jērą. Compare German Jahr, Dutch jaar, English year.


Offe

From Middle High German oven, from Old High German ofan, from Proto-West Germanic *ofn. Compare German Ofen, Dutch oven, English oven.


Iem

From Middle High German imbe (“bee; swarm of bees”), from Old High German imbi (“swarm of bees”). Compare German Imme, Dutch imme.


Raache

From Old High German rāhha, from Proto-Germanic *wrēkō. Compare German Rache, Dutch wraak, English wrake.


Uffning

From Old High German offanunga. Compare German Öffnung, Dutch opening, English opening.


Barig

From Middle High German bërc, from Old High German berg, from Proto-West Germanic *berg, from Proto-Germanic *bergaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“high”).
Compare German Berg, Dutch berg, Low German Barg, West Frisian berch, English berg, bergh, barrow, Danish bjerg, Swedish berg.


Schteddel

Diminutive of German Stadt. Compare Yiddish שטעטל (shtetl).


Draub

From Old High German drūbo, thrūbo, from Proto-West Germanic *þrūbō (“grape”).


Kaes

From Middle High German kæse, from Old High German kāsi. Compare German Käse, Dutch kaas, English cheese, West Frisian tsiis.


Mudderschprooch

head

Mudderschprooch f (plural Mudderschprooche)

Mer schwetze noch die Mudderschprooch.


Effning

From Middle High German offenunge, from Old High German offanunga. Compare German Öffnung, Dutch opening, English opening.


Disch

From Rhine Franconian, from Middle High German tisch, from Old High German tisc. Compare German Tisch, English desk and dish.


Dischdel

From Middle High German distel, from Old High German distil. Compare German Distel, Dutch distel, English thistle.


Grischtbaam

Grischtbaam m (plural Grischtbeem or Grischtbaem)

Grischtbeem (plural)
Grischtbaem (plural)

/ˈɡrɪʃtbɑːm/

From Grischt (“Christ”) + Baam (“tree”). Compare German Christbaum.

2006, Mit Pennsylvaanisch-Deitsch darich's yaahr: A Pennsylvania German reader for grandparents and grandchildren, Editio Tintenfaß (publ.), page 129.
[…] Der Himmel schtrahlt, des Door is uff, / An Grischtbeem sin die Lichder druff.

[…] the sky is shining, the door is open, / the lights are in the Christmas trees.


Baawoll

Compound of Baam (“tree”) + Woll (“wool”). Compare German Baumwolle.


Kaerich

From Old High German kirihha. Compare German Kirche, Dutch kerk, English church.


Kaerichhof

Compound of Kaerich (“church”) + Hof (“yard”).


Schtann

From Old High German sterno. Compare German Stern, Dutch ster, English star.


Schtann

From Old High German stirna. Compare German Stirn.


Schtee

From Old High German stein. Compare German Stein, Dutch steen, English stone.


Sunn

From Middle High German sunne, from Old High German sunna, from Proto-West Germanic *sunnā, from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *sh̥₂uén-, oblique stem of *sóh₂wl̥. Compare German Sonne, Dutch zon, English sun.


Schtimm

From Old High German stimma. Compare German Stimme, Dutch stem, Swedish stämma.


Fenschder

From Middle High German venster. Compare German Fenster, Dutch venster.


Schweschder

From Old High German swester. Compare German Schwester, Dutch zuster, English sister.


Friehyaahr

frieh (“early”) + Yaahr (“year”). Compare German Frühjahr.


Schpotyaahr

Schpotyaahre (plural)
Schpotjaahr (alternative)
Schpotjahr (alternative)
Spotjahr (alternative)


Dochder

From Middle High German tohter, from Old High German tohter. Compare German Tochter, Dutch dochter, English daughter, Swedish dotter.


Laab

Compare German Laub, Dutch loof, English leaf.


Ent

From Middle High German anet, from Old High German enita. Compare German Ente, Dutch eend.


Haerbscht

From Middle High German herbest, from Old High German herbist, from Proto-West Germanic *harbist.
Compare German Herbst, Dutch herfst, Low German Harvst, West Frisian hjerst, English harvest.


Schillgrott

Compound of Schild + Grott. Compare German Schildkröte.


Kall

Compare German Kerl, Dutch kerel, English churl, Swedish karl.


Freind

Inherited from Rhine Franconian, from Middle High German vriunt, from Old High German friunt.
Cognate with German Freund, Dutch vriend, English friend.


Reggeboge

Compound of Regge (“rain”) + Boge (“bow”). Compare German Regenbogen, Dutch regenboog, English rainbow, Swedish regnbåge.


Boge

From Middle High German boge, from Old High German bogo, from Proto-West Germanic *bogō, from Proto-Germanic *bugô. Compare German Bogen, Dutch boog, English bow, Danish bue, Norwegian boge.


Fleddermaus

2006, Deutsch-Pennsylvanischer Arbeitskreis (eds.), Mit Pennsylvaanisch-Deitsch darich's yaahr: A Pennsylvania German reader for grandparents and grandchildren, Tintenfaß (publ.), page 118.
Un hie un do sehnt mer noch en Fleddermaus, as widder zu Gnaade kumme is.


Schpeck

From Old High German spek. Compare German Speck, Dutch spek, Old English spic.


Hunnich

Cognate with German Honig, Dutch honing, English honey, Swedish honung.


Hols

Compare German Holz, Dutch hout, English holt.


Warscht

From Middle High German wurst, from Old High German wurst, from Proto-West Germanic *wursti. Compare German Wurst, Dutch worst.


Daaf

From Rhine Franconian, from Middle High German toufe, from Old High German toufī, from Proto-West Germanic *daupīni, compare to Hunsrik Daaf, German Taufe, Dutch doop.


Aff

From Rhine Franconian Aff, from Middle High German affe, from Old High German affo, from Proto-West Germanic *apō, from Proto-Germanic *apô.
Compare German Affe, Dutch aap, English ape.


Schlofschtubb

Compound of Schlof (“sleep”) + Schtubb (“room”).


Owed

Compare German Abend, Dutch avond, English even.


Waddebuch

Compound of Watt (“word”) + Buch (“book”). Compare German Wörterbuch, Dutch woordenboek.


Fux

Compare German Fuchs, Dutch vos, English fox.


Oschderhaas

Compound of Oschder (“Easter”) + Haas (“rabbit”). Compare German Osterhase.

Sundaag iss Oschder, noh kummt der Oscherhaas.

2013, Richard Savidge Hegins, “'S iss Friehyaahr im Daal”, in Hiwwe wie Driwwe, volume 17, number 1, page 16:

On Sunday it's Easter, now the Easterbunny comes.


Raahm

Compare German Rahm, Dutch room and English ream.


Schinke

Compare German Schinken, Swedish skinka.


Oschderoi

Compound of Oschder (“Easter”) + Oi (“egg”). Compare German Osterei.


Gawwel

Compare German Gabel, Dutch gaffel, Swedish gaffel.


Hoi

Compare German Heu, Dutch hooi, English hay.


Schtroh

Compare German Stroh, Dutch stro, English straw.


Weschp

Compare German Wespe, Dutch wesp, English wasp.


Naame

Compare German Name, Dutch naam, English name.


Familyenaame

Compound of Familye (“family”) + Naame (“name”).


Yaahreszeit

Yaahreszeide (plural)
Jaahreszeit (alternative)
Jahreszeit (alternative)

Compare German Jahreszeit, Dutch jaargetijde.


Munet

Compare German Monat, Dutch maand, English month.


Sunndaagsgleeder

Compound of Sunndaag (“Sunday”) + Gleeder (“clothes”). Compare German Sonntagskleidung.


Baad

Compare German Bad, Dutch bad, English bath.


Baadschtubb

Baadschtuwwe (plural)
Badstubb (alternative)
Baadstubb (alternative)

Compound of Baad (“bath”) + Schtubb (“room”).


Essschtubb

Compound of esse (“eating”) + Schtubb (“room”).


Essschtick

Compound of Esse (“food”) + Schtick (“piece”).


Middaagesse

Compound of Middaag (“midday”) + Esse (“meal”). Compare German Mittagessen, Dutch middageten.


Middaag

Compare German Mittag, Dutch middag, English midday.


Erd

From Middle High German ërde, from Old High German erda. Cognate with German Erde, Dutch aarde, English earth, Swedish jord.


Seit

From Middle High German sīte, from Old High German sīta. Compare German Seite, Dutch zijde, English side.


Millich

From Middle High German milch, from Old High German miluh, from Proto-West Germanic *meluk. Compare German Milch, Dutch melk, English milk.


Wexel

Compare German Wechsel, Dutch wissel, Old English wrixl.


Kaerper

From Middle High German körper/korper, from Latin corpus. Compare German Körper.


Gaardesach

Compound of Gaarde (“garden”) + Sach (“thing”).


Sach

From Middle High German sache, from Old High German sahha, from Proto-West Germanic *saku, from Proto-Germanic *sakō. Compare German Sache, Dutch zaak, English sake.


Schtrom

Compare German Strom, Dutch stroom, English stream, Swedish ström.


Draam

Compare German Traum, Dutch droom, English dream, Swedish dröm.


Koppekisse

Compound of Kopp (“head”) + Kisse (“cushion”). Compare German Kopfkissen.


Reddich

From Middle High German retich, from Old High German rātih, from Latin rādix. Compare German Rettich, Dutch radijs, English radish.


Gehlrieb

Compound of gehl (“yellow”) + Rieb (“turnip”). Compare German gelb and German Rübe.


Kisse

From Middle High German küssen, from Old High German kussīn, from Old French coissin. Compare German Kissen, Dutch kussen, English cushion.


Paad

Compare German Pfad, Dutch pad, English path.


Schlang

From Middle High German slange, from Old High German slango. Compare German Schlange, Dutch slang.


Eeche

Compare German Eiche, Dutch eik, English oak.


Glaas

From Middle High German glas, from Old High German glas, from Proto-West Germanic *glas. Compare German Glass, Dutch glas, English glass.


Dellerduch

Compound of Deller (“plate”) + Duch (“cloth”)


Weck

From Middle High German wecke, from Old High German wecki, weggi (“wedge; wedge-shaped baked good”), from Proto-West Germanic *wagi (“wedge”). Cognate with Dutch wig (“wedge”), English wedge. Compare German Weck.


Welschhaahne

welsch (“foreign”) + Haahne (“rooster”).


Zeeche

Compare German Zeichen, Dutch teken, English token.


Marick

Compare German Merk, Dutch merk, English mark.


Marick

Compare German Markt, Dutch markt, English market.


Daume

From Middle High German dūme, from Old High German dūmo, from Proto-West Germanic *þūmō, from Proto-Germanic *þūmô, from Proto-Indo-European *tum-.
Compare German Daumen, Dutch duim, English thumb.


Ellboge

Compare German Ellbogen, Dutch elleboog, English elbow.


Versammling

Versammlinge (plural)
Fersommling (alternative)


Karich

Kariche (plural)
Kaerich (alternative)
Kaerrich (alternative)

From Middle High German kirche, from Old High German kirihha, from Proto-West Germanic *kirikā.


Grees

From Middle High German kreiz, from Old High German kreiz, from Proto-Germanic *kraitaz (“circle”). Compare German Kreis.


Ricksack

Compare German Rucksack, Dutch rugzak, and English rucksack.


Rickguck

Compound of Rick (“back”) + Guck (“look”). Compare German Rückblick.


Iwwerschtock

Compound of iwwer (“over”) + Schtock (“skirt”).


Karichhof

Compound of Karich (“church”) + Hof (“yard”).


Weeze

Compare German Weizen, Dutch weit, English wheat.

1988, Pierce Edward Swope, "Wie ich en Bu waar", in Earl C. Haag, A Pennsylvania German Anthology, page 271.
Wann mer Mischt un Kallick uffs Land hot, noh hot's en Latt Weeze gewwe.

When one has manure and lime on the land, then it gave a lot of wheat.


Gebottsdaag

Compare German Geburtstag, Dutch geboortedag.

Hallicher Gebottsdaag!


Daal

head

Daal n (plural Daale or Daaler or Deeler or Daeler)

Daale (plural)
Daaler (plural)
Deeler (plural)
Daeler (plural)

Compare German Tal, Dutch dal, English dale.


Schpielbank

Compound of schpiele (“rinse”) + Bank (“bench”).


Zung

Compare German Zunge, Dutch tong, English tongue, Swedish tunga.


Hoigawwel

Compound of Hoi (“hay”) + Gawwel (“fork”). Compare German Heugabel.


Graas

Compare German Gras, Dutch gras, English grass.


Satt

Compare German Sorte, Dutch soort, English sort.

Alle Sadde Wadde


Iwwerhosse

Compound of iwwer (“over”) + Hosse (“pants”). Compare German Überhose.


Gaerdel

Compare German Gürtel, Dutch gordel, English girdle.


Gnie

Compare German Knie, Dutch knie, English knee.


Halsduch

Compound of Hals (“neck”) + Duch (“cloth”). Compare German Halstuch.


Daagbuch

Compound of Daag (“day”) + Buch (“book”). Compare German Tagebuch, Dutch dagboek.


Goddesdinscht

Compound of Gott (“god”) + Dinscht (“service”). Compare German Gottesdienst, Dutch godsdienst.

worship service, divine service, liturgy, mass (Christianity)


Zaah

Compare German Zahn, Dutch tand, English tooth.


Millichhaus

Compound of Millich (“milk”) + Haus (“house”).

dairy (place where dairy products are made)


Bruscht

Compare German Brust, Dutch borst, English breast.


Kaschde

Er hot ebbes im Kaschde.


Kischt

Compare German Kiste, Dutch kist, English chest.


Naggel

Compare German Nagel, Dutch nagel, English nail.


Schraub

Compare German Schraube, Dutch schroef, English screw.


Eisraahm

Calque of English ice cream. Compound of Eis (“ice”) + Raahm (“cream”).

Es iss arrig gut uff Eisraahm.


Glee

From Middle High German klee, from Old High German chlēo, from Proto-West Germanic *klaiw. Compare German Klee, Dutch klaver, English clover.


Schtuhl

Compare German Stuhl, Dutch stoel, English stool.


Iwwersetzing

Compare German Übersetzung, Dutch overzetting.


Hufeise

Compound of Huf (“hoof”) + Eise (“iron”). Compare German Hufeisen, Dutch hoefijzer.

en Hufeise verliere

to have a child out of wedlock (lit. to lose a horseshoe)


Babier

Hock dich anne mit Babier un en Bleipensil.


Fenschderlaade

Fenschderlaade m (plural Fenschderlaede)

Compound of Fenschder (“window”) + Laade (“Laade”). Compare German Fensterladen.


Schubblaad

Compare German Schublade, Dutch schuiflade.


Nadde

Compare German Norden, Dutch noorden, English north.


Sudde

Compare German Süden, Dutch zuiden, English south.


Oscht

Compare German Osten, Dutch oosten, English east.


Wescht

Compare German Westen, Dutch west, English west.


Haapt

Compare German Haupt, Dutch hoofd, English head.


Sals

Compare German Salz, Dutch zout, English salt.


Draen

From Middle High German træne (“tears”), plural of trān m, a Central German variant of trahen, from Old High German trahan (“tear”), probably ultimately related to Proto-Germanic *trahnuz. Compare German Träne, Dutch traan.


Willkumm

Compare German Willkommen, English welcome.


Oidodder

Compound of Oi (“egg”) + Dodder (“yolk”). Compare German Eidotter, Dutch eierdooier.


Drach

Compare German Drache, Dutch draak, English drake.


Bese

Compare German Besen, Dutch bezem, English besom.


Kellich

Compare German Kelch, Dutch kelk, English chalice.


Keppche

Kopp + -che. Compare German Köpfchen, Dutch kopje.


Aageblick

Compare German Augenblick, Dutch ogenblik.


Gfaahr

Compare German Gefahr, Dutch gevaar, English fear.


Arewet

Compare German Arbeit, Dutch arbeid, Old English earfoþe.


Schmierkaes

→ English: smearcase

Compound of Schmier (“spread”) + Kaes (“cheese”). Cf. German Schmierkäse.


Deppich

From Middle High German teppich, tepich, teppech, tepech, tepch, teppch, from Old High German teppih, tepich, teppech, from Medieval Latin tapicus; from Latin tapes. Cognate with German Teppich.


Wuhnschtubb

Compound of wuhne (“live”) + Schtubb (“room”).


Schul

From Old High German scuola, from Latin schola, from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ). Compare German Schule, Yiddish שול (shul), Dutch school, English school.


Ratt

From Middle High German ratte, from Old High German rato.
Compare German Ratte, Dutch rat, English rat.


Blaan

Compare German Plan, Dutch plan, English plan.


Gascht

Compare German Gast, Dutch gast, English guest.


Saeg

Compare German Säge, Dutch zaag, English saw.


Soot

From Middle High German sat, from Old High German sāt, from Proto-West Germanic *sādi, from Proto-Germanic *sēdiz, from Proto-Indo-European *sētis-, *seh₁tis, from *seh₁- (“to sow”).
Compare German Saat, Dutch zaad, English seed.


Saam

Compare German Saum, Dutch zoom, English seam.


Schand

From Middle High German schande, from Old High German scanta, from Proto-West Germanic *skandu, from Proto-Germanic *skandō (“shame, disgrace”). Cognates include Bavarian Schånd, German Schande, Yiddish שאַנדע (shande), English shand, Dutch schande.


Aaguscht

Auguschde (plural)
Aguscht (alternative)


Yanuaar

Yenner (alternative)
Januaar (alternative)
Januar (alternative)


Yenner

Yanuaar (alternative)
Jenner (alternative)


Grischtmunet

Compound of Grischt (“Christ”) + Munet (“month”). This term comes from the fact that December is when Christmas takes place, which is called Grischtdaag in Pennsylvania German. Compare German Julmond (“Yulemonth”), North Frisian Jöölmuun (“Yulemonth”), Old English ærra geola (“Early Yule, the Former Yule”), all signifying that Yule was the most important matter regarding December.


Greiz

From Middle High German kriuze, from Old High German kruzi, from Latin crux. Compare German Kreuz.


Hausuhr

Compound of Haus (“house”) + Uhr (“clock”).


Dod

Compare German Tod, Dutch dood, English death.


Dodesfall

Compound of Dod (“death”) + Fall (“event”). Compare German Todesfall.


Iwwersetzer

Compare German Übersetzer, Swedish översättare.


Seelichkeet

Compare German Seligkeit, Dutch zaligheid.


Schnut

From Low German snūt, from Middle Low German snûte, from Old Saxon *snūt, from Proto-West Germanic *snūt. Compare German Schnute, Dutch snuit, English snout.


Deiwelsgewalt

Compound of Deiwel (“devil”) + Gewalt (“power”).

mit Deiwelsgewalt


Graad

Compare German Grad, Dutch graad, English grade.


Gruck

Compare German Krug, Dutch kruik, English crock.


Dischduch

Compound of Disch (“table”) + Duch (“cloth”). Compare German Tischtuch.


Schteeesel

Compound of Schtee (“stone”) + Esel (“ass”).


Hinnerdeel

Compound of hinner (“rear”) + Deel (“part”). Cognate to German Hinterteil. Compare English hindquarter.


Langohr

Compound of lang (“long”) + Ohr (“ear”).


Sitzloch

Compound of Sitz (“butt”) + Loch (“hole”).


Nodel

Compare German Nadel, Dutch naald, English needle.


Wese

From Middle High German wësen, from Old High German wesan. Compare German Wesen, Dutch wezen.


Schpeech

Compare German Speiche, Dutch spaak, English spoke.


Reche

From Middle High German reche, from Old High German recho, rehho, from Proto-Germanic *rekô. Compare German Rechen, English rake.


Gnall

Compare German Knall, Dutch knal, English knell.


Gnallhitt

Probably a compound of Gnall (“loud sound”) + Hitt (“hut”)


Yuuchend

Compare German Jugend, Dutch jeugd, English youth.


Schlucker

From schlucke + -er, literally “swallower”.


Brotschank

Compound of Brot (“bread”) + Schank (“cupboard”)


Gscharrschank

Compound of Gscharr (“dishes”) + Schank (“cupboard”)


Kicheschank

Compound of Kich (“kitchen”) + Schank (“cupboard”). Compare German Küchenschrank.


Warkzeich

Compare German Werkzeug, Dutch werktuig.


Braucherei

Compare Brauchtum, containing the same root: Brauch-


Wesch

Compare German Wäsche, Dutch was, English wash.

Die Maad nemmt die Wesch naus / Un legt sie schee uffs Graas, / Do kummt en gleenes Amschelche / Un beisst re in die Naas.

1951, Pennsylvania German Folklore Society, volume 16, page 144:

The maid takes the laundry outside / and lays it out nicely on the grass, / here a tiny, little robin comes / and bites her in her nose.


Hammelfleesch

Compound of Hammel (“wether”) + Fleesch (“meat”). Compare German Hammelfleisch.


Schoffleesch

Compound of Schof (“sheep”) + Fleesch (“meat”). Compare German Schaffleisch, Dutch schapevlees.


Buschtaawe

Originally a compound of Buch (“book”) + Schtaab (“staff”). Compare German Buchstabe, Old English bōcstæf.


Schtaab

Compare German Stab, Dutch staf, English stave and staff.


Yoch

Compare German Joch, Dutch juk, English yoke.


Blug

Compare German Pflug, Dutch ploeg, English plow and plough.


Wagge

Compare German Wagen, Dutch wagen, English wain and wagon, Swedish vagn.


Leich

From Middle High German leich, from Old High German līh. Compare German Leiche, Dutch lijk, Old English līc, which was modernized to English lich.


Gsetz

From Middle High German gesetze, gesetzede, from Old High German gisezzida (“fixing, determination, assessment”), from sezzen (“to make sit, set, put”), from Proto-West Germanic *sattjan (“to set, put down”). Compare German Gesetz.


Hokegreiz

20th Century coinage from German Hakenkreuz. Compound of Hoke (“hook”) + Greiz (“cross”).


Lascht

Compare German Last, Dutch last, Swedish last.


Luscht

Compare German Lust, Dutch lust, English lust.


Lischt

Compare German Liste, Dutch lijst, English list.


Heiraat

Compare German Heirat, Old English hīred.


Karichesitz

Compound of Karich (“church”) + Sitz (“seat”).


Kuschen

Borrowed from English cushion. Compare German Kissen.


Zieraat

Zieraade (plural)
Zierraat (alternative)
Zierrat (alternative)


Heb

Compare German Hebel. Noun form of the verb hewe.


Handgriff

Compound of Hand (“hand”) + Griff (“grip”). Compare English handgrip.


Gedraesch

Prefix Ge- + borrowing of English trash.


Weigeischt

Compare German Weingeist. Compound of Wei (“wine”) + Geischt (“spirit”).


Geischt

Compare German Geist, Dutch geest, English ghost.


Gsicht

From Middle High German gesiht, from Old High German gisiht, from Proto-West Germanic *gasihti. Compare German Gesicht, Dutch gezicht.


Hawwer

Compare German Hafer, Dutch haver, English haver.


Muhn

From Middle High German māne, from Old High German māno. Compare German Mond, English moon, Icelandic máni, Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌽𐌰 (mēna).


Wilkum

Compare German willkommen, English welcome.


Haaptman

Used in Grundsow Lodches as title of the President.


Grundsow

Orthographically nonstandard (anglicized) spelling variation of Grundsau, used particularly in eastern Pennsylvania by Grundsow Lodges.

P. S.—Oh sawg, Mister Drucker, won's dir mix ausmacht, will ich en grundsow shtory doh unna droh henga fer der Solly Hulsbuck.

1912, The Penn Germania: A Popular Journal of German History and Ideals in the United States, page 133:


Himmelfardaag

Compound of Himmel (“heaven”) + Faahrt (“journey”) + Daag (“day”). Compare German Himmelfahrtstag.


Zwarich

From Old High German twerc, from Proto-Germanic *dwergaz. Compare German Zwerg, Dutch dwerg, English dwarf.


Mudderschof

Compound of Mudder (“mother”) + Schof (“sheep”). Compare German Mutterschaf.


Gfecht

fighting, quarreling (continual or ongoing)


Mildaa

Compare German Mehltau, Dutch meeldauw, English mildew.


Rotrieb

Compound of rot (“red”) + Rieb (“turnip”).


Gnowwelich

Compare German Knoblauch, which is a compound of clove + leek.


Buhn

Compare German Bohne, Dutch boon, English bean.


Kaffibohn

Compound of Kaffi (“coffee”) + Bohn (“bean”). Compare German Kaffeebohne.


Schmatze

Compare German Schmerz, Dutch smart, English smart.


Backeschtee

Compound of backe (“bake”) + Schtee (“stone”). Compare German Backstein, Dutch baksteen.


Kaynich

Compare German König, Dutch koning, English king.


Eaht

Compare German Erde, Dutch aarde, English earth.


Zeid

From Middle High German zīt, from Old High German zīt, from Proto-Germanic *tīdiz, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂itis (“time, period”), from *deh₂y- (“divide”).
Compare German Zeit, Dutch tijd, English tide.


Gschwarl

From English squirrel, with adaptation to words on Gsch-. The same word is also mentioned for other South German lects in the United States; whether these appearances are independent borrowings from English or are due to the word spreading through the German lects is hard to determine.

2006, Deutsch-Pennsylvanischer Arbeitskreis (eds.), Mit Pennsylvaanisch-Deitsch darich's yaahr: A Pennsylvania German reader for grandparents and grandchildren, Tintenfaß (publ.), page 118.
Datt driwwe schpringt en groh Gschwarl uff de Fens naus un geht am Eechebaam nuff mit'me Hickerniss im Maul.

Over there a large squirrel jumps away onto the fence and goes up the oak with a hickory nut in its mouth.


Beddelmann

head

Beddelmann m (plural Beddelmenner or Beddelleit)

Beddelmenner (plural)
Beddelleit (plural)


en Latt

Partially adapted borrowing from English a lot.

Mer hen en Latt Kieh un Geil uff der Bauerei.

We have a lot of cows and horses on the farm.


Grossmammi

Grossmammis (plural)
Groossmammi (alternative)


Gmee

Un ich wees aa net was ihre Gmee is, awwer ihre Karich is sie net plain.

2014, C. Richard Beam, Jennifer L. Trout, editors, Dorathy V. Eberly Fry: Pennsylvania German Teacher and Storyteller, Masthof Press, →ISBN, page 167:

And I also don't know what her congregation is, but her church is not plain.


Mennischt

Awwer die Mennischde, ich denk sie hen's gschtart fer die alde Leit raushelfe un hen net gschtart fer Geld mache.

2014, C. Richard Beam, Jennifer L. Trout, editors, Dorathy V. Eberly Fry: Pennsylvania German Teacher and Storyteller, Masthof Press, →ISBN, page 161:

But the Mennonites, I think they started it to help out the old people and didn't start it for making money.


Kallick

From Middle High German kalc, from Old High German calc, from Proto-West Germanic *kalk, from Latin calx (“limestone”). Compare German Kalk, Luxembourgish Kallek, and more distantly English chalk.


Mischthaufe

Mischtheife (plural)
Mischthof (alternative)


Amschel

Amschel f (plural Amschle, diminutive Amschelche)

Amschle (plural)
Amschelche (diminutive)

Die Harrnhuter blosen en Marjelied, / Es rauscht mer des Lewe in alle Glied: / Mir peifen die Amschle in de Schwem, / Adje, Du Städel, mei Bethlehem.

1911, The Pennsylvania-German: A Popular Magazine of Biography, History, Genealogy, Folklore, Literature, Etc., volume 12, page 245:

Turdus migratorius
Turdus migratorius#Translingual


Grankheet

Equivalent to grank + -heet. Cf. German Krankheit.


Unkel

From French oncle. Compare German Onkel.


Heemweh

Equivalent to Heem + Weh. Compare German Heimweh.


Meening

Compare German Meinung. Probably semantically influenced by English meaning.


Baamgaarde

Equivalent to Baam + Gaarde. Cf. German Baumgarten.


Bluug

Compare German Pflug, English plow and Dutch ploeg.


Erfaahring

Compare German Erfahrung, Dutch ervaring.


Melassichriwwelkuche

Melassichriwwelkuche m (plural Melassichriwwelkuche)

Ennerscht du mei Hatz / Gedichdich, awwer es es fiehlt guud, / Wie waarme Luft in Matz / Un Melassichriwwelkuche naach en Daach vun hatt schaffe / Drunne Summersunn / Un nachts drunne Baeryiebeem, / Muhngringel hell un ...

2012, Ben Rader, “Melassichriwwelkuche”, in Hiwwe wie Driwwe, volume 16, number 2, page 12:


Kefferbrieh

Compound of Keffer (“beetle”) + Brieh (“broth, juice”).


Schpielsach

Compare German Spielsache, English plaything.


Moondaag

Moondaage (plural)
Muundaag (alternative)
Mundaag (alternative)


Keenichn

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Keenichn f (plural Keenichne, masculine Keenich)

Compare German Königin, Hunsrik Keenichin.


Moschdert

Probably from Middle High German mostert, ultimately from Latin mustum. Compare English mustard.


Kaer

Kaere (plural)
Kaers (plural)
Kaer (nominative singular)
Kaers (definite nominative plural)
Kaer (accusative singular)
Kaers (accusative definite plural)
Kaer (dative singular)
Kaere (dative definite plural)
Kaers (dative definite plural)


Schwiegervadder

Schwiegervadder m (plural Schwiegervedder)

/ˈʃʋiːjɐˌfadɐ/


Schwiegervedder

/ˈʃʋiːjɐˌfɛdɐ/


Schwaerdaadi

/ˈʃʋæːɐˌdaːdi/


Schwaerdaadis

/ˈʃʋæːɐˌdaːdis/


Schwiegermudder

Schwiegermudder f (plural Schwiegermidder)

/ˈʃʋiːjɐˌmʊdɐ/


Schwiegermidder

/ˈʃʋiːjɐˌmɪdɐ/


Schwaermammi

/ˈʃʋæːɐˌmami/


Schwaermammis

/ˈʃʋæːɐˌmamis/


Schwiegersoh

/ˈʃʋiːjɐˌsoː/


Schwiegerseh

/ˈʃʋiːjɐˌseː/


Schwiegerdochder

Schwiegerdochder f (plural Schwiegerdechder)

/ˈʃʋiːjɐˌdɔxdɐ/


Schwiegerdechder

/ˈʃʋiːjɐˌdɛçdɐ/


Bommerans

Compare German Pomeranze, English orange.


Gummerans

Apparently from Gummer + Pomeranze. Compare German Pomeranze, English orange.


Suddelwedder

From suddle (“to drizzle”) + Wedder (“weather”).


Winderwedder

From Winder (“winter”) + Wedder (“weather”).


Blaeckbeerewinder

head

Blaeckbeerewinder m (plural Blaeckbeerewindre)

Partial calque of English blackberry winter.

partial calque

blackberry winter (a period of cold weather in late spring)


Windergraut

From Winder (“winter”) + Graut (“cabbage”).


Vorwinder

Compare English forewinter, German Vorwinter, Dutch voorwinter, etc.

forewinter, (the period directly preceding the onset of winter)


Winderhols

winter firewood, firewood for the winter


Noochwinder

late winter, (the period directly before the end of winter and the beginning of spring)


Wildkaschewinder

head

Wildkaschewinder m (plural Wildkaschewindre)

wild cherry winter (a period of cold weather in May)


Winderappel

From Winder (“winter”) + Appel (“apple”).


Windergleeder

From Winder (“winter”) + Gleeder (“clothing”).


Leffelgraut

From Leffel (“spoon”) + Graut (“cabbage”).


Holskaerbs

From Hols (“wood”) + Kaerbs (“pumpkin, squash”).


Winderdaag

From Winder (“winter”) + Daag (“day”). Compare German Wintertag.


Winderobscht

From Winder (“winter”) + Obscht (“fruit”).


Windermunet

From Winder (“winter”) + Munet (“month”).


Windermariye

From Winder (“winter”) + Mariye (“morning”). Compare German Wintermorgen


Winderreddich

From Winder (“winter”) + Reddich (“radish”). Compare German Winterrettich


Winderweeze

From Winder (“winter”) + Weeze (“wheat”). Compare German Winterweizen, English winter wheat.


Nachtarwet

From Nacht (“night”) + Arwet (“work”). Compare German Nachtarbeit.


Owedrot

From Owed (“evening”) + rot (“red”). Compare German Abendrot.


Owedschtann

From Owed (“evening”) + Schtann (“star”). Compare German Abendstern.


Mariyeschtund

From Mariye (“morning”) + Schtund (“hour”). Compare German Morgenstunde.


Mariyeschtunn

From Mariye (“morning”) + Schtunn (“hour”). Compare German Morgenstunde.


Oschdermariye

From Oschder (“Easter”) + Mariye (“morning”). Compare German Ostermorgen.


Mariyegebet

From Mariye (“morning”) + Gebet (“prayer”). Compare German Morgengebet.


Mariyeschtann

From Mariye (“morning”) + Schtann (“star”). Compare German Morgenstern.


Mariyesunn

From Mariye (“morning”) + Sunn (“the Sun”). Compare German Morgensonne.


Mariyerot

From Mariye (“morning”) + rot (“red”). Compare German Morgenrot.


Grischtdaagnacht

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Grischtdaagnacht f (plural Grischtdaagnachde)

From Grischtdaag (“Christmas day”) + Nacht (“night”).


Neiyaahrnacht

From German, Neujahr (“New Year's”) + Nacht (“night”).


Nachtgleed

From Nacht (“night”) + Gleed (“garment”). Compare German Nachtkleid.


Kaerbsekosderd

head

Kaerbsekosderd m (plural Kaerbsekosderds)

From Kaerbs (“pumpkin”) + Kosderd (“custard, custard pie”).


Saldaat

Ultimately derived from Italian soldato.


Bix

Compare German Büchse.
From Middle High German bühse, from Old High German buhsa, from Proto-West Germanic *buhsā, borrowed from Late Latin buxis, borrowed from Ancient Greek πυξίς (puxís), from πῠ́ξος (pŭ́xos) + -ις (-is).


Aabappe

gerund of aabappe (“to slap, to put on”)


Aabasse

gerund of aabasse (“to fit, to cheat, to lie”)


Aabaue

gerund of aabaue (“to build against, to build an addition to”)


Aabefehle

/ˈɔːbəˌfeːlə/

gerund of aabefehle (“command, to impress upon”)


Aabeginn

vun Aabeginn

Der Woody Newhart wor aw ains fon da schwetser. Er hot der Michael Schneider ous galaigt fon awbegin bis ons end. Er hot aw shae gsunga.

1925 August 19, Pumpernickel Bill (William S. Troxell), The Morning Call; republished as C. Richard Baum, Joshua R. Brown, editors, The Comprehensive Pennsylvania German Dictionary, volume 1 (A), 219 Mill Road, Morgantown, PA 19543-9516: Masthof Press, 2004, →ISBN, page 2:

Woody Newhart was also one of the speakers. He laid out Michael Schneider from the beginning to the end. He also sang beautifully.

Ou[n] now Kit do dich net druvla do dar waya eb do fon dreck gamocht bishd, oder eb do fom monkey, rinsfee, sei, oder hund, har shdoma dust, un bisht by evolution developed, sel mocht gar nix ous; do bisht do, un dar same Gut dut ragera wos fon aw ba gin dar weld ragerd hut.

1925 July 21, Kit Leffelschlecker (Irwin Scheirer), The Morning Call; republished as C. Richard Baum, Joshua R. Brown, editors, The Comprehensive Pennsylvania German Dictionary, volume 1 (A), 219 Mill Road, Morgantown, PA 19543-9516: Masthof Press, 2004, →ISBN, page 2:

And now child, don't worry about whether you were made from dirt, or if you descend from the monkey, cattle, sow, or dog, and are developed by evolution, it doesn't matter at all; you're here, and the same god governs who from the beginning has governed the world.

Sell hot es schun gewwe vun Aabeginn der Welt.

1925 July 21, Kit Leffelschlecker (Irwin Scheirer), edited by C. Richard Baum, Joshua R. Brown, The Comprehensive Pennsylvania German Dictionary, volume 1 (A), 219 Mill Road, Morgantown, PA 19543-9516: Masthof Press, →ISBN, page 2:

That existed from the beginning of the world.

Ich glaab net as sie Deitsch waar vun Aabeginn.

1995, Dorathy V. Fry, edited by C. Richard Baum, Joshua R. Brown, The Comprehensive Pennsylvania German Dictionary, volume 1 (A), 219 Mill Road, Morgantown, PA 19543-9516: Masthof Press, →ISBN, page 2:

I don't believe she was Pennsylvania Dutch from the beginning.


Aabeisse

gerund of aabeisse (“to take the first bite of, to bite into”)


Aabelange

gerund of aabelange (“to belong, to concern”)


Aabiede

gerund of aabiede (“to offer, to tender, to make the first bet in an auction”)


Aabiedes

/ˈɔːˌbiːdəs/

Awwer ich saag doch gross Dank fer dei Aabiedes, Misder.

(Can we date this quote?), Butzdeiwel, Charles C. More; republished as C. Richard Baum, Joshua R. Brown, editors, The Comprehensive Pennsylvania German Dictionary, volume 1, 219 Mill Road, Morgantown, PA 19543-9516: Masthof Press, 2004, →ISBN, page 2:

But I say many thanks for your offer, Mister.

aabiede

to offer, to tender, to make the first bid


Aabieding

/ˈɔːˌbiːdɪŋ/


Aabiedinge

/ˈɔːˌbiːdɪŋə/


Aabinnblatz

Ya, sie hen noch Aabinnbletz fer die Geil aabinne.

2004, Dorathy V. Fry, edited by C. Richard Baum, Joshua R. Brown, The Comprehensive Pennsylvania German Dictionary, volume 1, 219 Mill Road, Morgantown, PA 19543-9516: Masthof Press, →ISBN, page 2:

Yes, they still have tying places left to tie up the horses.