بیراق

Turkish: bayrak

→ Albanian: bajrak

desctree

→ Arabic: بَيْرَق (bayraq)
→ Tigre: ቤረቅ (beräḳ)

desc

→ Armenian: պայրախ (payrax), պարյախ (paryax), բայրաղ (bayraġ)

→ Bulgarian: байра́к (bajrák)

desctree

→ Georgian: ბაირაღი (bairaɣi)
→ Mingrelian: ბაირაღი (bairaɣi)
→ Svan: ბა̈ჲრა̈ხ (bäyräx)

→ Greek: μπαϊράκι (baïráki)

→ Ladino: באייראק (bayrak)

→ Macedonian: бајрак (bajrak)

desc

→ Northern Kurdish: bayrax, bayraq, bêraq, bêrax

→ Persian: بیرق (beyraq)

→ Romanian: bairac

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ба̀рја̄к

Latin script: bàrjāk

→ Ubykh: баираҟ (bajraqʼ)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *badrak (“banner, flag”); cognate with Azerbaijani bayraq, Bashkir байраҡ (bayraq), Kazakh байрақ (bairaq), Kyrgyz байрак (bayrak), Tatar bayraq, Turkmen baýdak, Uyghur بايرىق (bayriq) and Uzbek bayroq.

flag, banner, standard, ensign, especially foreign flags


باتاق

head

باتاق • (batak) (definite accusative باتاغی (batağı), plural باتاقلر (bataklar))

batak (romanization)
باتاغی (accusative definite)
باتاقلر (plural)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *batgak (“swamp, marsh”), from the same root of باتمق (batmak, “to sink”). Cognate with Azerbaijani bataq, Bashkir батҡаҡ (batqaq), Chuvash путхах (puthah), Kazakh батпақ (batpaq), Kyrgyz баткак (batkak), Turkmen batga, Uyghur پاتقاق (patqaq) and Uzbek botqoq.

inh+

swamp, marsh, mire, bog, quagmire, an area of low and wet land

quicksand, wet sand that appears firm, but in which things readily sink

barrelhouse, honky-tonk, any establishment where fraud takes place


باتاق

Turkish: batak

→ Bulgarian: бата́к (baták)

desc

պաթախ<lb:պլ>

բաթլաղ<lb:վն>

պաթխախ<lb:ննխ>

→ Armenian: (Constantinople) պաթախ (patʻax), (Van) բաթլաղ (batʻlaġ), (Nor Nakhichevan) պաթխախ (patʻxax)

sloughy, swampy, marshy, boggy, miry, having the characteristics of a wetland or swamp

(figuratively) fraudulent, based on fraud or deception in order to secure unlwaful gain


بل

head

بل • (bel) (definite accusative بلی (beli), plural بللر (beller))

bel (romanization)
بلی (accusative definite)
بللر (plural)

Turkish: bel

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bẹ̄l(k) (“waist”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰋𐰃𐰠 (b²il² /bél/), Azerbaijani bel, Bashkir бил (bil), Kazakh бел (bel), Kyrgyz бел (bel), Turkmen bil, Uyghur بەل (bel), Uzbek bel and Yakut биил (biil).

inh+

waist, the part of the body between the pelvis and the stomach

loin, lumbus, the part of the body at each side of the backbone

small of the back, the relatively narrow, lumbar region of the back


بل

Alternative spelling of بیل (bil, “spade”)


قوپچه

head

قوپچه • (kopça)

ota-noun

قوپچه • (kopça)

Turkish: kopça

→ Greek: κόπιτσα (kópitsa)

→ Albanian: kopsë

desc

kȍpča//ко̏пча

→ Serbo-Croatian: kȍpča /ко̏пча


دخان

→ Albanian: duhan

→ Bulgarian: духа́н (duhán) (rare)

→ Hungarian: dohány

→ Romanian: duhan

→ Serbo-Croatian: ду̀ха̄н, ду̀ва̄н


خور

Turkish: hor

→ Armenian: խոռ (xoṙ)

مفت خور

مردوم خور ― merdüm hor ― cannibal

میراث خور

كیاه خور ― kiyah hor ― herbivore

كوشت خور

خور گورمك

خور طوتمق

خورپرست

sun-adorer, who wants to expose himself to the sun much

(in compounds) eating, consuming, receiving, undergoing


دری

Turkish: deri

→ Armenian: տերի (teri), դա̈րի (däri)

From Proto-Turkic *tẹri (“skin”); cognate with Azerbaijani dəri, Bashkir тире (tire), Kazakh тері (terı), Kyrgyz тери (teri), Turkmen deri, Uyghur تېرە (tëre), Uzbek teri and Yakut тирии (tirii).

skin, hide, the outer protective layer of the body

leather, a tough material produced from the skin of animals


دری

head

دری • (derî)

ota-adj

دری • (derî)

Borrowed from Classical Persian دَرِی (darī)


دری

head

دری • (Derî)

ota-proper noun

دری • (Derî)


غوغا

ğavğa (romanization)
kavga (romanization)

Turkish: kavga

→ Aromanian: căvgắ

desc

→ Armenian: ղաւղայ (ġawġay), խաղվա (xaġva)

→ Bulgarian: кавга́ (kavgá)

→ Greek: καβγάς (kavgás)

→ Laz: კაბღა (ǩabğa)

→ Macedonian: кавга (kavga)

→ Romanian: cavgá

→ Serbo-Croatian: ка̑вга, kȃvga

bor

ğowğâ, ğavğâ

dispute; clamor; quarrel; brawl; squabble


كلك

Turkish: kelek

→ Armenian: Քելեկյան (Kʻelekyan)


كلك

Turkish: kelek

→ Armenian: քէլէկ (kʻēlēk)

From Old Anatolian Turkish, from Arabic كَلَك (kalak, “raft (of inflated skins)”), used locally by the Ottoman army.


كلك

Turkish: kelek

→ Armenian: քէլէկ (kʻēlēk)

From Persian کالک (kâlak, “unripe melon”).


كلك

From Persian کلک (kelk, “hollow reed, kex; pen”).


لوند

Turkish: levent

→ Albanian: levend

→ Armenian: լէվէնտ (lēvēnt)

→ Aromanian: livendu

→ Bulgarian: леве́нт (levént)

→ Greek: λεβέντης (levéntis)

→ Hungarian: levente

→ Italian: levente

→ Macedonian: левент (levent)

→ Romanian: levent

desc

lèvēnta//лѐве̄нта

→ Serbo-Croatian: lèvēnta /лѐве̄нта

Borrowed from Persian لوند (lavand, “coquettish, flirtatious”).

bor+

scapegrace, scoundrel, rascal, rogue, knave, a person without honour or virtue

(historical) levend, a soldier recruited in eastern countries who worked in Venetian ships

(historical) levend, any person of the military class working for the Ottoman navy

(in general) irregular, a soldier who is not a member of an official military force


تیغ

Turkish: tığ


ادبیات

Turkish: edebiyat

Borrowed from Arabic أَدَبِيَّات (ʔadabiyyāt). By surface analysis, ادب (edeb) + ـیات (iyyât).


غرور

head

غرور • (gurur) (definite accusative غروری (gururu), plural غرورلر (gururlar))

gurur (romanization)
غروری (accusative definite)
غرورلر (plural)

Turkish: gurur

→ Crimean Tatar: ğurur

pride, haughtiness, conceit, arrogance, superciliousness, presumptuousness, an unreasonable overestimation of one's own superiority


تپسی

Turkish: tepsi

→ Albanian: tepsi

→ Algerian Arabic: طبسي (“plate”)

→ Armenian: թեփսի (tʻepʻsi)

→ Bulgarian: тепси́я (tepsíja)

→ Egyptian Arabic: طُبسيّة (“plate”)

desctree

→ Georgian: თეფში (tepši), თევში (tevši) — dialectal or nonstandard
→ Bats: თეფშ (tepš)

→ Greek: ταψί (tapsí)

→ Hijazi Arabic: تبسي (“tray, bowl”)

desc

→ Hungarian: tepsi, tepszi, tepszia (regional)

→ Ladino: tefsin, tifsin, tepsi

→ Macedonian: тепсија (tepsija)

→ Moroccan Arabic: طبسيل (ṭabsīl, “plate”)

→ North Levantine Arabic: تبسيّة (“ashtray”)

→ Romanian: tipsie (“tray”)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тѐпсија

Latin script: tèpsija

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tevsi (“dish, plate”), a word that is already attested in Turkic from the 8ᵗʰ century, itself from Middle Chinese 疊子 (dep̚ t͡sɨ^X, “small dish; plate”). Cognate with Azerbaijani təpsi and Karakhanid تَڤْسٖی (tewsi).

der

tray, waiter, salver, a flat and rigid object upon which things are carried


سینی

Borrowed from Persian سینی (sini, “tray”), itself from Arabic صِينِيّ (ṣīniyy, “Chinese”).


سینی

Turkish: sini

→ Bulgarian: сини́я (siníja)

→ Macedonian: синија (sinija)

→ Serbo-Croatian: sìnija

large, round tray made of copper or brass, used to carry things or as a table

speculum metal, an alloy of around two-thirds copper and one-third tin

Dutch tile, a glazed ornamental tile used in the jambs of chimneys etc.


بوی

Turkish: boy

→ Armenian: բոյ (boy)

→ Bulgarian: бой (boj)

→ Romanian: boi

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бо̑ј

Latin script: bȏj


بوی

Turkish: boy


بوی

Turkish: boy

From Proto-Oghuz, from Persian بوی (bôy, “smell”).

(only constructed with اوتی (otu), تخمی (tohumu), or چیچگی (çiçeği)) fenugreek


بوی

Turkish: böcek, böcük

From Proto-Turkic *bȫg. Cognate with Azerbaijani böyə.


كول

Turkish: göl

→ Middle Armenian: կօլ (kōl)

desc

Armenian: գյոլ (gyol), կյոլ (kyol), կոլ (kol), գոլ (gol), գէօլ (gēōl), կէօլ (kēōl), կօլ (kōl), գօլ (gōl) — traditional orthography

→ Bulgarian: гьол (gjol)

→ Greek: γκιόλα (gkióla) (dialectal)

→ Northern Kurdish: gol

→ Romanian: ghiol

→ Zazaki: gol

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kȫl (“lake”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰚𐰇𐰠 (köl), Azerbaijani göl, Bashkir күл (kül), Chuvash кӳлӗ (külĕ), Kazakh көл (köl), Kyrgyz көл (köl), Tatar күл (kül), Turkmen kȫl, Uyghur كۆل (köl), Uzbek koʻl and Yakut күөл (küöl).

lake, a large, landlocked stretch of water

pond or puddle, an inland body of standing water


كول

Turkish: kül

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kül (“ash”); cognate with Azerbaijani kül, Bashkir көл (köl), Chuvash кӗл (kĕl), Kazakh күл (kül), Kyrgyz күл (kül), Tatar көл (köl), Turkish kül, Tuvan хүл (xül) Uyghur كۈل (kül), Uzbek kul and Yakut күл (kül).

ash, the solid and powdery remains of fire


بادلجان

Turkish: patlıcan

→ Albanian: patëllxhan

→ Aromanian: pãtlãganã

→ Armenian: փաթլիճան (pʻatʻličan)

→ Belarusian: баклажан (baklažan)

→ Bulgarian: патладжан (patladžan), патлиджан (patlidžan)

→ Hungarian: padlizsán

→ Crimean Tatar: patılcan

→ Czech: baklažán, patližán, patlažán

→ Greek: πατλιτζάνι (patlitzáni)

→ Laz: ფატიჯანი (paťicani)

→ Macedonian: патлиџан (patlidžan)

→ Malagasy: baranjely

→ Middle Georgian: ბადლიჯანი (badliǯani)

desctree

Georgian: ბადრიჯანი (badriǯani), პატრიჟანი (ṗaṭrižani), პატინჟან (ṗaṭinžan), ბადუმჟან (badumžan) — dialectal
→ Armenian: բադրիջան (badriǰan) — Tbilisi
→ Mingrelian: პატრიჟანი (ṗaṭrižani), ბადრიჟანი (badrižani)
→ Abkhaz: а-паҭырџьан (a-pʼatərdžan, “tomato”)
→ Svan: პა̈ტრიჯან (ṗäṭriǯan, “tomato”), პატრიჯან (ṗaṭriǯan), პატრაჯ (ṗaṭraǯ)

→ Polish: bakłażan

→ Romanian: pătlăgea, pătlăgică

→ Russian: баклажан (baklažan) (see there for further descendants)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: патлиџан

Latin script: patlidžan

→ Slovak: baklažán

→ Ukrainian: баклажан (baklažan)

→ Uzbek: baklajan

desc

פּאַטלעזשאַן

→ Yiddish: פּאַטלעזשאַן (patlezhan)


پاتلجان

head

پاتلجان • (patlıcan)

ota-noun

پاتلجان • (patlıcan)

Borrowed from Persian بادلجان (bâdeljân).


خلیج

head

خلیج • (halîc)

ota-noun

خلیج • (halîc)

Turkish: haliç


خلیج

head

خلیج • (Halîc)

ota-proper noun

خلیج • (Halîc)

Turkish: Haliç

the Golden Horn (a major urban waterway, the primary inlet of the Bosporus in Istanbul, Turkey)


دستور

head

دستور • (düstur) (definite accusative دستوری (düsturu), plural دستورلر (düsturlar))

düstur (romanization)
دستوری (accusative definite)
دستورلر (plural)

Turkish: düstur

Borrowed from Arabic دُسْتُور (dustūr, “rule, set of rules”), from Persian دستور (dastur, “command, order”).

bor

plenipotentiary, a person invested with full powers, especially a minister or a functionary

(Zoroastrianism) dastur, a Zoroastrian high priest ranking above a mobad or herbad

permission, authorization, granting, leave, a formal consent from someone in authority

(law) code, a systematic collection of statutes set forth by a process of codification


پلنقه

alternative spelling of پلانقه (palanka)


پاموق

Turkish: pamuk

→ Albanian: pambuk

→ Armenian: փամպուխ (pʻampux)

desc

→ Balkan Romani: (Crimean, Sepečides) pambuki, (Kosovo Arli) pamuko

→ Bulgarian: паму́к (pamúk)

→ Hungarian: pamut

→ Karaim: памукъ (pamuq)

→ Macedonian: памук (pamuk)

pàmuk//па̀мук

→ Serbo-Croatian: pàmuk /па̀мук

→ Urum: памух (pamuh)

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (pambuk), itself from Middle Persian pmbk'; doublet of پنبه (pembe, “cotton”).

inh

cotton, the vegetal fibers produced by plants of the genus Gossypium

cotton wool, the raw fibers of cotton before being processed

batting, wadding, soft and fibrous cotton used as stuffing material


بوره

Alternative spelling of بورا (bora, “storm, squall, tempest”)


بالطه

Turkish: balta

→ Albanian: balltje

→ Arabic: بَلْطة (balṭa)

→ Armenian: պալթա (paltʻa)

desc

→ Bulgarian: балти́я (baltíja), балта́ (baltá)

→ Greek: μπαλτάς (baltás)

→ Ladino: balta

→ Romanian: baltag

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: bȃlta

Cyrillic script: ба̑лта

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *baltu (“axe”); cognate with Azerbaijani balta, Bashkir балта (balta), Chuvash пуртӑ (purt̬ă), Kazakh балта (balta), Kyrgyz балта (balta), Southern Altai малта (malta), Tatar балта (balta), Turkmen palta, Uyghur پالتا (palta) and Uzbek bolta.

inh+

axe, hatchet, a tool for felling trees or chopping wood

battle axe, an ancient military weapon in the form of an axe


پنبه

Borrowed from Persian پنبه (panbe, “cotton”), itself from Middle Persian pmbk' and thus a doublet of پاموق (pamuk, “cotton”). Only the literal meaning "cotton" is attested up to the early 18ᵗʰ century, while the meaning "rosy, pink" is attested later and cannot be reliably justified from the colour of cotton (although there are natural colored varieties of cotton, including pink).

bor+

(by extension) anything soft, white or unsoiled


پنبه

Turkish: pembe

→ Armenian: փեմպե (pʻempe)

→⇒ Laz: ფემბელი (pembeli)

pink, having a color between red and white


نمونه

head

نمونه • (nümune)

ota-noun

نمونه • (nümune)

Turkish: nümune


پین

Turkish: pin

Borrowed from a dialectal form of Armenian բույն (buyn, “nest”).


بها

Turkish: paha

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish بَهَا (bahā), from Persian بها (bahâ), from Middle Persian [script needed] (whʾk /wahāg/).


بها

head

بها • (bahâ)

ota-noun

بها • (bahâ)


چكیج

head

چكیج • (çekic)

ota-noun

چكیج • (çekic)


جیب

head

جیب • (ceb, cep, ceyb, cib) (definite accusative جیبی (cebi), plural جیبلر (cebler, cepler), plural جیوب (cüyub, cüyup), plural جیبات (ceybat))

ceb (romanization)
cep (romanization)
ceyb (romanization)
cib (romanization)
جیبی (accusative definite)
جیبلر (plural)
جیوب (plural)
جیبات (plural)

Turkish: cep

→ Albanian: xhep

→ Bulgarian: джоб (džob)

→ Greek: τσέπη (tsépi)

→ Hungarian: zseb

→ Ladino: djep

desc

→ Laz: ჯები (cebi), ჟები (jebi) — Vizha, ჯებე (cebe) — Akçakoca

→ Macedonian: џеб (džeb)

→ Middle Armenian: ճէպ (čēp)

Armenian: ջեբ (ǰeb), ճեպ (čep), ջիբ (ǰib), ջոբ (ǰob), ջուբ (ǰub), ջիպ (ǰip), ջեպ (ǰep), ջոպ (ǰop), ջուպ (ǰup), ջէբ (ǰēb), ճէպ (čēp) — traditional orthography

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: џе̏п, же̏п (colloquial)

Latin script: džȅp, žȅp (colloquial)

→ Slovene: žep

Borrowed from Classical Persian جیب (jēb), from Arabic جَيْب (jayb).

bor+

pocket, a bag- or envelop-like receptacle stitched to an item of clothing, used for carrying small items

(mathematics) sine, the ratio of the length of the side opposite an angle to the length of the hypotenuse


چكیچ

head

چكیچ • (çekiç)

ota-noun

چكیچ • (çekiç)

Turkish: çekiç

→ Albanian: çekiç, çâkiç

desc

→ Arabic: شَاكُوش (šākūš), شَكُوش (šakūš)

→ Armenian: չագուչ (čʻagučʻ), չագուճ (čʻaguč), չաքուճ (čʻakʻuč), չաքուջ (čʻakʻuǰ), չաքուչ (čʻakʻučʻ)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чѐкић

Latin script: čèkić

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *čekük, *čeküč (“hammer”); cognate with Azerbaijani çəkic, Bashkir сүкеш (sükeş), Crimean Tatar çöküç, Karachay-Balkar чёгюч (çögüç), Khakas сӧӧс, Kumyk чёгюч (çögüç), Kyrgyz чөкэч (cökec), Nogai шоькиш (şökiş), Tatar чүкеч (çükeç), Turkmen çekiç and Uzbek cho'kich.

cog

Kumyk чёгюч (çögüç)

Nogai шоькиш (şökiş)

hammer, a tool with a heavy head and a handle used for pounding


قوم

Turkish: kum

→ Armenian: խում (xum), ղում (ġum)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ку̏м

Latin script: kȕm

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”); cognate with Azerbaijani qum, Bashkir ҡом (qom), Kazakh құм (qūm), Kyrgyz кум (kum), Turkmen gum, Uyghur قۇم (qum) and Uzbek qum.

inh+

sand, finely ground rock which forms beaches and deserts

(medicine) kidney stones, a calculus in the kidney

(figuratively) anything that is as numerous as grains of sand


بظر

head

بظر • (bazr, bezar) (definite accusative بظری (bazrı, bezarı), plural بظور (buzur))

bazr (romanization)
bezar (romanization)
بظری (accusative definite)
بظور (plural)

Turkish: bızır

Borrowed from Arabic بَظْر (baẓr, “clitoris”).

bor+

clitoris, an erectile organ at the anterior part of the vulva


اشك

head

اشك • (eşek)

ota-noun

اشك • (eşek)

Turkish: eşek

Gagauz: yeşek

→ Armenian: էշեկ (ēšek)

→ Bulgarian: ешѐк (ešèk)

→ Laz: ეშეღი (eşeği)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ѐшек

Latin script: èšek

→? Sicilian: sceccu
→ Italian: scecco

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *eĺčgek (“donkey”); cognate with Azerbaijani eşşək, Bashkir ишәк (işək), Chuvash ашак (aš̬ak), Kazakh есек (esek), Kyrgyz эшек (eşek), Tatar ишәк (işäk), Turkmen eşek, Uyghur ئىشەق (isheq) and Uzbek eshak.

(figuratively) silly, stupid, perverse man


دوه

Gagauz: devä

Turkish: deve
→ Zazaki: deva

→ Albanian: deve

→ Armenian: դավա (dava)

→ Northern Kurdish: deve

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дева

Latin script: deva

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tebe; cognate with Azerbaijani dəvə, Bashkir дөйә (döyə), Chuvash тӗве (tĕve), Kazakh түйе (tüie), Kyrgyz төө (töö), Turkmen düýe, Uyghur تۆگە (töge) and Uzbek tuya.

camel, any beast of burden of the genus Camelus


تل

Turkish: tel

→ Albanian: tel

→ Arabic:

Egypt: تيل (tīl, “fibre such as of flax or hemp or cotton; wire”)

Syria, Iraq: تيل (tīl, “wire, metallic thread, telegraph or power line”)

Tunisia, Algeria: تَلّ (tall, “wire”)

Yemen: تر (tar, “wire, metallic thread, telegraph”)

→ Bulgarian: тел (tel)

→ Georgian: თელი (teli, “metal wire”)

→ Greek: τέλι (téli)

desc

→ Hebrew: תַּיִל (tayil, “wire, esp. barbed wire”)

Kurdish:

→ Northern Kurdish: têl

→ Central Kurdish: تەل (tel), تێل (têl)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тел

Latin script: tel

Borrowed from Armenian թել (tʻel, “thread”), or derived from Proto-Turkic *tēl (“wire, string”).


تل

Borrowed from Arabic تَلّ (tall). Doublet of تللو (tillo, “a town and district of Turkey”).


زیتین

Alternative form of زیتون (zeytun, “olive”)


پیل

Turkish: pil


دمشق

Turkish: Dimişk, Dimaşk

Synonym of شام, Damascus (the capital of Syria)


طرابلس

head

طرابلس • (Tarabülüs)

ota-proper noun

طرابلس • (Tarabülüs)

Turkish: Trablus

Borrowed from Arabic طَرَابُلُس (ṭarābulus). Doublet of تیرهبولی.

bor+

طرابلس شام
طرابلس شام#Ottoman_Turkish

Synonym of طرابلس شام (Tarabülüs-i Şam), Tripoli (a city in Lebanon)

طرابلس شام

طرابلس غرب
طرابلس غرب#Ottoman_Turkish

Synonym of طرابلس غرب (Tarabülüs-i Garb), Tripoli (the capital of Libya)


فؤاد

Turkish: Fuat


جفن

Turkish: cefn

Borrowed from Arabic جَفْن (jafn, “eyelid”).

eyelid, a thin skin membrane that covers the eye

scabbard, the sheath of a sword or knife


درزی

head

درزی • (Dürzi)

Turkish: Dürzi

From Arabic دَرْزِيّ (darziyy), from the same Persian word as the previous sense.


تونك

تونك • (tünek)

Turkish: tünek

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish دونك (dünek). Compare Karakhanid تونك (tünek, “prison”).


بیچاق

head

بیچاق • (bıçak)

ota-noun

بیچاق • (bıçak)

Turkish: bıçak

→ Romanian: briceag

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: би̏ча̄к

Latin script: bȉčāk

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bïčgak (“knife”); cognate with Azerbaijani bıçaq, Bashkir бысаҡ (bısaq), Kazakh пышақ (pyşaq), Kyrgyz бычак (bıcak), Tatar пычак (pıçaq), Turkmen pyçak, Uyghur پىچاق (pichaq) and Uzbek pichoq.

inh+

knife, a tool designed for cutting, especially a table knife

باغجی بیچاغی

bağcı bıçağı


زمانه

From Persian زمانه (zamâne); see there for more.


شهباز

head

شهباز • (şahbaz)

ota-noun

شهباز • (şahbaz)

Alternative spelling of شاهباز (şahbaz, “gyrfalcon”)


یلدز

head

یلدز • (yıldız)

ota-noun

یلدز • (yıldız)

Gagauz: yıldız

Turkish: yıldız

→ Armenian: եըլտըզ (eəltəz)

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish یلدوز, from Proto-Turkic *yulduŕ (“star”).

(astronomy) star, a luminous celestial body made up of plasma

north, the compass point directed toward the North Pole

asterisk, the symbol *, used for various purposes


ترزی

Turkish: terzi

→ Albanian: terzi

→ Arabic: تَرْزِيّ (tarziyy)

desc

→ Armenian: թարզի (tʻarzi), թերզի (tʻerzi)

→ Bulgarian: терзи́я (terzíja)

→ Georgian: თერძი (terʒi)

→ Macedonian: терзија (terzija)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: терзија

Latin script: terzija

Borrowed from Persian درزی (darzi, “tailor, seamster”), itself from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dlcyk' /darzīg/, “tailor”).

der

(colloquial) tailor, seamster, a person who sews clothes professionally


آفرم

Turkish: aferin

→ Arabic: عَفَارِم (ʕafārim)

→ Albanian: aferim

→ Armenian: աֆերիմ (aferim)

→ Bulgarian: а́ферим (áferim)

→ Macedonian: аферим (aferim)

→ Romanian: aferim

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: афѐрим

Latin script: afèrim


یاتاق

Turkish: yatak

→ Armenian: յաթախ (yatʻax)

→ Romanian: iatac

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yatgak (“bed”), from *yat- (“to lie, to sleep”), the same root of یاتمق (yatmak, “to lie down, sleep”) and یتاغان (yatağan, “type of sword”); cognate with Azerbaijani yataq and Crimean Tatar yataq.

bed, a piece of furniture on which to rest or sleep

(in general) every place on which one lies down

place of ambush, a concealed position or state

mart, a place of congregation or gathering

(nautical) place of anchorage for a ship


خوان

From Persian خوان (xvân, “table, tablecloth”).

bor

a large tray which serves as a table, board where viands are processed or eaten


خوان

head

خوان • (han)

ota-adj

خوان • (han)

قرآن خوان


آغده

head

آغده • (ağda)

ota-noun

آغده • (ağda)

Turkish: ağda

→ Bulgarian: агда́ (agdá)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: а̀гда

Latin script: àgda


تنجره

Turkish: tencere

→ Albanian: tenxhere

→ Armenian: թանջարա (tʻanǰara)

→ Bulgarian: те́нджера (téndžera)

→ Ladino: tendjeré

→ Macedonian: тенџере (tendžere)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: те̏нџера

Latin script: tȅndžera

From Arabic طَنْجَرَة (ṭanjara) or تَنْجَرَة (tanjara), both colloquial variants of طَنْجِير (ṭanjīr, “pot, pan”).

saucepan, stewpan, a cooking vessel with a handle, used for making sauces or stew

pot, cooking pot, a flat-bottomed vessel, usually made of metal, used for cooking food


دشمان

head

دشمان • (düşman)

ota-noun

دشمان • (düşman)

Alternative form of دشمن (düşmen, “enemy, foe”)


دسته

deste (romanization)
teste (romanization)

Turkish: deste

→ Arabic: دَسْتَة (dasta)

→ Bulgarian: тесте (teste)

→ Macedonian: тесте (teste)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тѐсте

Latin script: tèste

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish دسته (dästä), from Classical Persian دسته (dasta).

inh+

a dozen, specifically a bundle of twelve


اورنك

head

اورْنَك • (örnek)

ota-noun

اورْنَك • (örnek)

اورْنَك (canonical)
örnek (romanization)

Turkish: örnek

→ Albanian: yrnek

desc

→ Armenian: էօրիւնէկ (ēōriwnēk) — Constantinople

→ Bulgarian: юрнек (jurnek)

→ Laz: ორნეღი (orneği)

→ Northern Kurdish: ornek

→ Greek: ορνέκι (ornéki)

→ Serbo-Croatian: urnek /урнек

Perhaps a derivation from *ȫr- /*ör- or some metathesized derivation of *ög- /*ögre-. Compare Kazakh өрнек (örnek), Uzbek o'rnak, Uyghur ئۆرنەك (örnek), Tatar үрнәк (ürnäk) (all from Chagatai?).
According to Budagov, borrowed from Middle Armenian օրինակ (ōrinak), from Old Armenian օրինակ (ōrinak, “example”), which is called into question by Sevortyan and rejected by Lewis.
Origin from گورمك (görmek, “to see”) has also been suggested, but such a formation is unusual in Turkic, and the drop of g- would remain unexplained.

Lewis, Geoffrey (1999) The Turkish Language Reform: A Catastrophic Success, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, page 120


اورنك

head

اَوْرَنْك • (evrenk)

ota-noun

اَوْرَنْك • (evrenk)

اَوْرَنْك (canonical)
evrenk (romanization)

Turkish: evrenk

Borrowed from Classical Persian اَوْرَنْگ (awrang).


جوهر

head

جوهر • (cevher) (plural جوهرلر (cevherler) or جواهر (cevahir))

cevher (romanization)
جوهرلر (plural)
جواهر (plural)

Turkish: cevher

→ Armenian: ճէվհէր (čēvhēr)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: џевер

Latin script: džever

Borrowed from Arabic جَوْهَر (jawhar, “jewel, gem, precious stone”), from Classical Persian گَوهَر (gawhar, “jewel, gem”), from Middle Persian gwhl (gôhr).

der

jewel, any valuable object used for personal ornamentation

gem, gemstone, any precious or semi-precious stone

ore, rock or other material that contains valuable materials

damascening, the process of making a sword damascene


پاسبان

Turkish: pazvant

→ Albanian: pazvan

→ Aromanian: pãzvan, pãzvandu

desc

→ Bulgarian: пазва́н (pazván), пазва́нт (pazvánt)

→ Greek: πασβάντης (pasvántis), παζβάντης (pazvántis)

→ Macedonian: пазван (pazvan), пазвант m (pazvant), пазвантин m (pazvantin)

→ Romanian: pazvan, pazvant

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: пазван

Latin script: pazvan

Borrowed from Classical Persian پاسبان (pāsbān).

bor+

sentinel, guard, watchman, person who keeps watch


قیش

Gagauz: kış

Turkish: kış

→ Laz: კიში (ǩişi)


بری

Turkish: beri

→ Armenian: պէրի (pēri)

→ Laz: ბერი (beri)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bẹrü (“hitherward”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰋𐰼𐰇 (bérü, “hither, hitherward”).


بری

Turkish: berri


بری

biri (romanization)
برنی (accusative definite)

Turkish: biri

بر (bir, “one”) + ـی (-i, “possession marker”).


دشنه

head

دشنه • (deşne) (definite accusative دشنهیی (deşneyi), plural دشنهلر (deşneler))

deşne (romanization)
دشنهیی (accusative definite)
دشنهلر (plural)

Turkish: deşne

Borrowed from Classical Persian دشنه (dašna, “dagger, poniard”), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dšnk' /dašnag/, “right hand; dagger”).

der

dagger, poniard, a stabbing weapon, similar to a sword but with a short, double-edged blade


حمص

head

حمص • (hımmıs)

ota-noun

حمص • (hımmıs)

Turkish: humus


حمص

Hıms (romanization)
vulg. Hams (romanization)


فول

Borrowed from Arabic فُول (fūl, “fava bean”).


فول

Alternative spelling of فل (ful, “sweet mock orange”)


فول

desc

Turkish: fol, fala, hal, hol, höl, holu (dialectal)

Borrowed from Greek φώλι (fóli, “nest egg”), a derivative of φωλιά (foliá), ultimately from Ancient Greek φωλεός (phōleós, “den, lair”).

der

nest egg, a natural or artificial egg placed in a bird's nest


حلب

حَلَب (canonical)
Haleb (romanization)
vulg. Halep (romanization)

Turkish: Halep

→ Albanian: Halepi

→ Armenian: Հալեպ (Halep)

→ Greek: Χαλέπι (Chalépi)

→ French: Alep

desctree

→ Italian: Aleppo
→ Danish: Aleppo
→ Dutch: Aleppo
→ English: Aleppo
→ Finnish: Aleppo
→ German: Aleppo
→ Norwegian: Aleppo
→ Polish: Aleppo
→ Russian: Алеппо (Aleppo)
→ Swedish: Aleppo
→ Ukrainian: Алеппо (Aleppo)


شالوار

head

شالوار • (şalvar)

ota-noun

شالوار • (şalvar)


ناو

Turkish: nav

Borrowed from Persian ناو (nâv, “anything long and hollow”).

bor+

pipe, tube, anything that is hollow and cylindrical in shape

drainpipe, a pipe that carries fluid which is being drained

gutter, drain, a channel intended for the drainage of water

boat, a watercraft, smaller than a ship, used for various purposes


سیلندر

Alternative spelling of سلندر (silindir, “cylinder”)


իւ

A digraph used in the Armeno-Turkish script. Represents close front rounded vowel: [y]. Transliterated as ü.


ساكن

Borrowed from Arabic سَاكِن (sākin, “inhabitant; stationary, still”).


ساكن

Turkish: sakin


تكفور

Turkish: tekfur

Borrowed from Arabic تَكْفُور (takfūr), from Middle Armenian թագւոր (tʻagwor), from Old Armenian թագաւոր (tʻagawor, “king”), itself from Parthian *tag(a)-bar (“king”, literally “crown bearing”), borrowed during the existence of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia.

der

tekfur, a title given to independent or semi-independent minor Christian rulers in Asia Minor and Thrace


قنطار

Turkish: kantar

→ Albanian: kandar

→ Armenian: ղանթար (ġantʻar)

→ Belarusian: ка́нтар (kántar)

→ Bulgarian: кантар (kantar)

→ Byzantine Greek: καντάρι (kantári)

desctree

Greek: καντάρι (kantári)
→ Albanian: kandar
→ Aromanian: cãntare, cîntare, cîndare

desc

→ Karaim: кантар, къантар

→ Karaim: кантар, къантар

→ Macedonian: кантар (kantar)

→ Polish: kantar (obsolete)

→ Ukrainian: ка́нтар (kántar)

→ Romanian: cântar

→ Russian: канта́рь (kantárʹ), конта́рь (kontárʹ), канта́р (kantár), ка́нтырь (kántyrʹ)

→ Kazakh: кантар (kantar)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ка̀нта̄р/kàntār

Borrowed from Arabic قِنْطَار (qinṭār, “hundredweight, quintal”), itself from Byzantine Greek κεντηνάριον (kentēnárion), from Latin centēnārium (“hundredweight”).

der

kantar, hundredweight, quintal, a unit of weight used in various Eastern Mediterranean countries

steelyard, a transportable balance with unequal arm lengths which incorporates a sliding counterweight


چراق

head

چراق • (çırak)

ota-noun

چراق • (çırak)

Turkish: çırak

→ Albanian: çirak

desc

→⇒ Egyptian Arabic: إشراقة (išrāqa), أشراقة (ašrāqa)

→ Armenian: չրախ (čʻrax), չրաղ (čʻraġ)

→ Aromanian: cirac, cireac

→ Bulgarian: чира́к (čirák)

→ Crimean Tatar: şıraq

→ Greek: τσιράκι (tsiráki)

→ Macedonian: чирак (čirak)

→ Romanian: cirac

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чѝрак

Latin script: čìrak


بایات

desctree

Turkish: bayat
→ Greek: μπαγιάτικος (bagiátikos)
→ Ladino: bayat

→ Albanian: bajat

desc

→ Laz: ბაჲატი (bayaťi), ბაჲათი (bayati) — Batumi

→ Macedonian: бајат (bajat)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бајат

Latin script: bajat


عارسز

head

عارسز • (ʼarsız)

ota-adj

عارسز • (ʼarsız)

Turkish: arsız

→ Crimean Tatar: arsîz

From Arabic عَار (ʕār, “shame”) + ـسز (sız, “without”).


عارسزلق

head

عارسزلق • (ârsızlık)

ota-noun

عارسزلق • (ârsızlık)

From عارسز (ârsız, “shameless”) + ـلق (-lık, “-ness”).


معلومات

Turkish: malumat

bor

Arabic مَعْلُومَات (maʕlūmāt)

ایضاح ایتدیكم معلومات و مشاهداته كوره اوچ نوع قرار اورتهیه آتیلمشدی.

1927 October, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Nutuk, page 12:

İzah ettiğim malumat ve müşahedata göre üç nev karar ortaya atılmıştı.


طبیعت

Turkish: tabiat

→ Romanian: tabiet

Borrowed from Arabic طَبِيعَة (ṭabīʕa, “nature, quality, essence”).

bor+

nature, the essential or innate qualities and characteristics of a person or thing

nature, the totality of all things in the physical universe and their order

good taste, refinement, natural elegance in behaviour, manner, or taste


نردبان

nerdiban (romanization)
nerdüban (romanization)

Borrowed from Persian نردبان (nardabân).

stair, staircase, stairway, used to walk up and down

ladder, a portable frame used for ascent and descent


سیم

Turkish: sim

→ Armenian: սիմ (sim)

سیمدوز

one who stitches with silverlike threads

silver, a lustrous, white, metallic element

silverlike thread, lace or metalware, wire


اوردن

head

اوردن • (Ürdün)

ota-proper noun

اوردن • (Ürdün)

Turkish: Ürdün

From Arabic الْأُرْدُن (al-ʔUrdun), from the جُـنْـد الْأُرْدُنّ (Jund al-Urdunn, “Military District of Jordan”).

Jordan (a country in the Middle East, in southwestern Asia)


قهرمان

Turkish: kahraman

Borrowed from Persian قهرمان (qahramân, “hero”).


قوقلامق

Turkish: koklamak


چام

Turkish: çam

→ Albanian: çam

→ Aromanian: ciam

→ Bulgarian: чам (čam)

→ Macedonian: чам (čam)

→ Romanian: ceam

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ча̏м

Latin script: čȁm

Borrowed from Arabic شَمْع (šamʕ, “wax; candle; torch”). The initial affrication is found in a few other words like چلتیك (çeltik, “rice”) and چمشیر (çimşir, “box”).


اصفهان

Turkish: İsfahan

Borrowed from Classical Persian اِصْفَهَان (isfahān), from earlier سِپَاهَان (sipāhān), from Middle Persian, ultimately from Old Persian *spādānah (“army”) or *spādānām (“of the armies”), from 𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎭 (s-p-a-d /spādaʰ/, “army”), from Proto-Iranian *cwáHdaH (“army”).

Isfahan (a city in Isfahan province, Iran).


قادر

head

قادر • (kadir, kadır) (feminine and plural قادره)

kadir (romanization)
kadır (romanization)
قادره (feminine plural)

desc

Turkish: kadir, kâdir (superseded spelling), kadır (Vidin)

→ Albanian: kadër

→ Armenian: խատիր (xatir)

→ Aromanian: cadãr

→ Bulgarian: кадъ́р (kadǎ́r) (archaic); ⇒ кадъ́рен (kadǎ́ren)

→ Macedonian: кадар (kadar)

kádar//ка́дар

→ Serbo-Croatian: kádar /ка́дар

قادر اولمق


دایی

head

دایی • (dayı) (definite accusative داییی (dayıyı), plural داییلر (dayılar))

dayı (romanization)
داییی (accusative definite)
داییلر (plural)

Turkish: dayı

→ Albanian: dajë

→ Armenian: տայի (tayi), դայի (dayi)

→ French: dey

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: да̀иџа

Latin script: dàidža

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tāy, *dāj (“maternal uncle”); cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (tay, tagay), Azerbaijani dayı, Kyrgyz тай (tay), Southern Altai таай (taay), Turkmen daýy and Yakut таай (taay). Akin to Persian دایی (dâyi) and تغایی (tağāyī), both Turkic borrowings.

second-degree relative
second-degree relative

maternal uncle, the brother of one's mother, thus a second-degree relative

(historical) dey, the ruler of the Regency of Algiers under the Ottoman Empire


آد

آد • (ad) (definite accusative آدی (adı), plural آدلر (adlar))

ad (romanization)
آدی (accusative definite)
آدلر (plural)

Turkish: ad

From Old Anatolian Turkish آدْ (ad, “name”), from Proto-Turkic *āt (“name”). Compare Chuvash ят (jat, “name”).


بایقوش

بایقوش • (baykuš)

ota-noun

بایقوش • (baykuš)

Turkish: baykuş

→ Georgian: ბაიყუში (baiq̇uši)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: պայղուշ (payġuš), պայըկուշ (payəkuš)

→ Armenian: բայղուշ (bayġuš), պայխուշ (payxuš) — Constantinople

→ Bulgarian: байкуш (bajkuš)

Uncertain. Perhaps from بای (bay, “rich”) + قوش (kuš, “bird”). Alternatively, inherited from Proto-Turkic *bāyk- (“owl”), and folk-etymologically connected to *kuĺ (“bird”). Compare also بایقره (baykara, “a bird of prey”).
Cognate with Azerbaijani bayquş, Turkmen bāýguş, Kazakh байғыз (baiğyz), Persian بایقوش (bâyquš) (a Turkic borrowing).


مبتدی

head

مبتدی • (mübtedi) (plural مبتدیان or مبتدیلر)

mübtedi (romanization)
مبتدیان (plural)
مبتدیلر (plural)


مارت

Turkish: mart

From Byzantine Greek Μᾱ́ρτιος (Mā́rtios), from Latin mārtius.


دیوان

دیوان • (dîvân)

ota-noun

دیوان • (dîvân)

Turkish: divan

→ Azerbaijani: divan

→ Czech: divan

desctree

→ French: divan
→ English: divan
→ German: Diwan
→ Portuguese: divã

desc

→ Greek: διβάνι (diváni), ντιβάνι (ntiváni)

→ Hungarian: díván

→ Italian: divano, diwan

→ Middle Armenian: տիւան (tiwan)

Armenian: դիվան (divan)

→ Polish: dywan

→ Romanian: divan

→ Russian: дива́н (diván)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дѝва̄н

Latin script: dìvān

→ Bulgarian: дива̀н (divàn)

→ Spanish: diván

An administrative unit consisting of a few villages in the Ottoman Empire.


تجارت

head

تجارت • (ticâret) (definite accusative تجارتی (ticâreti), plural تجارتلر (ticâretler))

ticâret (romanization)
تجارتی (accusative definite)
تجارتلر (plural)

Turkish: ticaret

Borrowed from Arabic تِجَارَة (tijāra, “trade, commerce”).

bor+

trade, commerce, the buying and selling of goods and services on a market, often in exchange of money

traffic, the commercial transportation or exchange of goods, or the movement of passengers or people


سجل

Turkish: sicil

desc

→ Armenian: սիջիլ (siǰil), սիճիլ (sičil)

Borrowed from Arabic سِجِلّ (sijill), which in turn derives from Latin sigillum (“seal; sealed document”).

der

judicial record where public acts are registered


والده

head

والده • (vâlide)

Arabic feminine singular and nonhuman plural of والد (vâlid)


والده

والده • (vâlide)

ota-noun

والده • (vâlide)

Turkish: valide

والده سلطان

title of the mother of the reigning sultan of Turkey


خندق

head

خندق • (hendek) (definite accusative خندقی (hendeki), plural خنادق (henadik))

hendek (romanization)
خندقی (accusative definite)
خنادق (plural)

Turkish: hendek

→ Albanian: hendek

desc

→ Aromanian: hãndac, hãnacup, hãndachi, hindechi, endec, endecu

→ Middle Armenian: խէնտէկ (xēntēk), խէնդէկ (xēndēk)

→ Romanian: hindichi

→ Serbo-Croatian: јѐндек / jendek

Borrowed from Persian خندق (xandaq), itself from Arabic خَنْدَق (ḵandaq, “trench, moat”), ultimately from Middle Persian *handag.

دوهیه خندق آتلاتمق

to force an obstinate man to do a thing; to make a camel leap a ditch

(military) trench, a narrow excavation as used in warfare

moat, fosse, a deep and defensive ditch normally filled with water

(irrigation ditch)

ditch, trench, gutter, dyke, any long, shallow indentation dug to conduct water


خندق

Turkish: Hendek

Hendek (a town and district in Sakarya province, Turkey)


راهب

Turkish: rahip

Borrowed from Arabic رَاهِب (rāhib, “monk”).

bor+

(Christianity) monk, a male member of a monastic order who has devoted his life for religious service


ظفر

Turkish: zafer

Crimean Tatar: zafer


اوز

Turkish: uz

From Proto-Turkic *ūŕ (“master, craftsman”).


اوز

Turkish: öz

marrow; cream; the best part of something


اوز

head

اوز • (üvez)

Turkish: üvez

From Greek [script needed] (úves), a plural form borrowed as singular, from Ancient Greek ὄᾱ (óā) or ὄον (óon).

sorb (fruit of service tree, Sorbus spp.)


انجمن

انجمن • (encümen) (definite accusative انجمنی (encümeni), plural انجمنلر (encümenler))

encümen (romanization)
انجمنی (accusative definite)
انجمنلر (plural)

Turkish: encümen

Borrowed from Persian انجمن (anjoman, “meeting, assembly”), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭭𐭰𐭬𐭭 (hanjaman, “congregation, assembly, community”), itself from Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬧𐬘𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬀 (haṇjamana, “assembly”).

der

society, association, club, a group of people who meet to engage in a common interest

convocation, assembly, meeting, reunion, any gathering of persons for a specific purpose

commission, committee, a group of people convened for the accomplishment of a specific task


چیچك

head

چیچك • (çiçek) (definite accusative چیچكی (çiçeği), plural چیچكلر (çiçekler))

çiçek (romanization)
چیچكی (accusative definite)
چیچكلر (plural)

Turkish: çiçek

desc

→ Armenian: չիչէկ (čʻičʻēk), չիչակ (čʻičʻak), չիչա̈գ^յ (čʻičʻägʸ)

→ Czech: šišák

desctree

→ German: Zischägge
→ English: zischägge

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чи́чак

Latin script: číčak

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *čeček (“flower”); cognate with Azerbaijani çiçək, Bashkir сәсәк (səsək), Chuvash ҫеҫке (śeśke), Kazakh шешек (şeşek), Kyrgyz чечек (cecek), Tatar чәчәк (çäçäk), Uyghur چېچەك (chëchek), Uzbek chechak and Yakut чэчик (cecik).

cog

Tatar чәчәк (çäçäk)

دوكون چیچكی

düğün çiçeği

(botany) flower, the colourful reproductive structure associated with angiosperms

(pathology) smallpox, variola, a highly infectious disease caused by Variola virus

(chemistry) flower, a powder-like substance which is condensed from sublimation


اوطه‌لق

head

اوطهلق • (odalık)

ota-noun

اوطهلق • (odalık)

اوطهلق (canonical)
odalık (romanization)

Turkish: odalık

→ Armenian: օտալըխ (ōtaləx)

desctree

→ French: odalisque
→ Catalan: odalisca
→ Dutch: odalisk
→ English: odalisque
→ German: Odaliske
→ Hungarian: odaliszk
→ Icelandic: ódalíska
→ Italian: odalisca
→ Portuguese: odalisca
→ Russian: одали́ска (odalíska)
→ Serbo-Croatian: одалиска (odaliska)
→ Spanish: odalisca

→ Greek: οδαλίσκη (odalíski)

From اوطه (oda, “room, chamber”) + لق (lık).

woman, baggage (like German Frauenzimmer)

odalisque, a female slave adduced by her owner as a concubine


قرباچ

head

قرباچ • (kırbaç) (definite accusative قرباچی (kırbaçı), plural قرباچلر (kırbaçlar))

kırbaç (romanization)
قرباچی (accusative definite)
قرباچلر (plural)

Turkish: kırbaç

→ Albanian: kërbaç

desctree

→ Arabic: كِرْبَاج (kirbāj), كُرْبَاج (kurbāj)
→ Tigre: ክርባጅ (kərbaǧ)

→ English: kurbash

→ Belarusian: карба́ч (karbáč)

→ Czech: karabáč

→ German: Karbatsche

→ French: cravache

→ Italian: cravascia (semi-learned), → cravache (unadapted)

→ French: courbache

→ Italian: curbascio (semi-learned)

→ Hungarian: korbács

→ Polish: korbacz, karbacz

→ Slovak: korbáč

→ Romanian: gârbaci

→ Russian: карба́ч (karbáč)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: kòrbāč, krbač, grbač

Cyrillic script: ко̀рба̄ч, крбач, грбач

→ Spanish: corbacho

→ Ukrainian: карба́ч (karbáč)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kïrmač (“whip, lash”), possibly from *kïr- (“to break”). The suffix may be cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (-maç) with onomatopoeic change to imitate a cracking whip. Cognate with Azerbaijani qırmanc, qırmac.

inh+

whip, lash, a pliant, flexible instrument used to direct and herd animals, or to strike a person as a punishment

riding crop, horsewhip, quirt, any short type of whip without a lash used in horseriding to goad or direct a horse


پریشان

head

پریشان • (perişan)

ota-adj

پریشان • (perişan)

Turkish: perişan

desc

փէրուշան<lb:պլ>

փա̈րիշա̈ն<lb:վն>

→ Armenian: (Constantinople) փէրուշան (pʻērušan), (Van) փա̈րիշա̈ն (pʻärišän)


طوزله

saltern, saltworks, salt pan, any area or installation for making salt


طوزله

Tuzla (a city and district in Istanbul province, Turkey)


چزمه‌جی

head

چزمهجی • (çizmeci)

ota-noun

چزمهجی • (çizmeci)

چزمهجی (canonical)
çizmeci (romanization)

Turkish: çizmeci

desc

→ Armenian: ճիզմէճի (čizmēči), ջըզմա̈ջի (ǰəzmäǰi), ⇒ Ճիզմեճյան (Čizmečyan)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чизмеџија

Latin script: čizmedžija

From چزمه (çizme, “boot”) + ـجی (-ci, “suffix denoting a profession or occupation”).


اذان

head

اذان • (ezân) (definite accusative اذانی (ezânı), plural اذانلر (ezânlar))

ezân (romanization)
اذانی (accusative definite)
اذانلر (plural)

Turkish: ezan

→ Albanian: ezan

→ Bulgarian: езан (ezan)

→ Hungarian: ezán

→ Macedonian: езан (ezan)

→ Romanian: ezan

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: езан

Latin script: ezan

Borrowed from Arabic أَذَان (ʔaḏān, “adhan, call to prayer”).

bor+

(Islam) adhan, call to prayer, a public proclamation made five times a day in Muslim societies


آب آبستنی

head

آب آبستنی • (âb-ı âbistenî)

ota-noun

آب آبستنی • (âb-ı âbistenî)


سیل

Turkish: sel, seyl

Borrowed from Arabic سَيْل (sayl, “flood, stream, torrent”).

bor+

flood, inundation, deluge, a disastrous overflow of water from a lake or other body of water

torrent, a violent flow or stream that suddenly raises and runs rapidly, as down a precipice


هندی

Turkish: hindi

→ Armenian: հինտի (hinti)


اورتا

head

اورتا • (orta)

ota-adj

اورتا • (orta)

From Proto-Turkic *orto (“middle”), from Proto-Turkic *or-. Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰆𐰺𐱃𐰆 (ortu, “middle”).


اورتا

head

اورتا • (orta)

ota-noun

اورتا • (orta)

Turkish: orta

→ Armenian: օրթա (ōrtʻa), օշտա (ōšta)

→ Laz: ორთა (orta)


اورتاق

head

اورتاق • (ortak)

ota-noun

اورتاق • (ortak)

Turkish: ortak

→ Albanian: ortak

→ Armenian: օրթախ (ōrtʻax)

→ Aromanian: urtác

→ Bulgarian: орта́к (orták)

→ Macedonian: ортак (ortak)

→ Serbo-Croatian: òrtāk / о̀рта̄к

→ Romanian: ortác

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ortuk (“partner, associate”), probably a development from *or-, the same root of اورتا (orta, “middle”), اردو (ordu, “military camp”) and اورون (orun, “place”). Cognate with Azerbaijani ortaq, Bashkir уртаҡ (urtaq), Kazakh ортақ (ortaq), Kyrgyz орток (ortok), Uyghur ئورتاق (ortaq) and Uzbek oʻrtoq.

inh+

partner, associate, someone who is associated with another in a common activity


اوردك

head

اوردك • (ördek)

ota-noun

اوردك • (ördek)

Turkish: ördek

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ȫrdek (“duck”); cognate with Azerbaijani ördək, Bashkir үрҙәк (ürźək), Kazakh үйрек (üirek), Kyrgyz өрдөк (ördök), Tatar үрдәк (ürdäk), Turkmen ördek, Uyghur ئۆردەك (ördek) and Uzbek oʻrdak.

inh+

duck, a freshwater bird in the family Anatidae


بزم

Turkish: bizim

A native Turkic word. See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


امان

Turkish: aman

→ Armenian: աման (aman)

→ Greek: αμάν (amán)

→ Macedonian: аман (aman)

→ Serbo-Croatian: aman


امان

Turkish: aman

→ Albanian: aman

→ Armenian: աման (aman)

→ Greek: αμάν (amán)

→ Ladino: aman

→ Laz: ამანი (amani)

→ Macedonian: аман (aman)

→ Romanian: aman

→ Serbo-Croatian: aman


جنوبی

head

جنوبی • (cenûbî)

ota-adj

جنوبی • (cenûbî)

Borrowed from Arabic جَنُوبِيّ (janūbiyy). By surface analysis, جنوب (cenûb, “south”) + ـی (-î, nisba suffix).


غربی

head

غربی • (garbî)

ota-adj

غربی • (garbî)

Borrowed from Arabic غَرْبِيّ (ḡarbiyy). By surface analysis, غرب (garb, “west”) + ـی (-î, nisba suffix).


شمالی

head

شمالی • (şimali)

Turkish: şimali

From Arabic شَمَالِيّ (šamāliyy) or Persian شمالی.


بارون

Turkish: baron


قلیون

Alternative spelling of قالیون (kalyon, “galleon; pipe”)


جناب

جِناب • (cinâb)

ota-noun

جِناب • (cinâb)

a being at, or coming to the side of another


جناب

head

جَناب • (cenâb)

ota-noun

جَناب • (cenâb)

Turkish: cenap

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish جناب (cänāb), from Arabic جَنَاب (janāb).

inh+

جنابڭز


مردانه

Turkish: merdane

→ Armenian: մէրտանէ (mērtanē)

Borrowed from Persian مردانه (mardâne, “manly, masculine”).

bor+

masculine, manly, male, of or pertaining to the male gender

manly, virile, having characteristics associated with being male


مردانه

Turkish: merdane, merdene

→ Armenian: մէրտէնէ (mērtēnē)

→ Bulgarian: мердене́ (merdené)

→ Romanian: merdenea

Borrowed from Persian وردانه (vardâne, “rolling pin”), on which see Armenian գրտնակ (grtnak).

roller, cylinder, any rotating device that is part of a machine

rolling pin, any cylindrical kitchen tool used to flatten dough

rolling press, a press used for rolling or calendering cloth

club, any stick-like plaything used in athletic exercises


غلغله

Turkish: gulgule

→ Serbo-Croatian: gungúla / гунгу́ла


حیران

head

حیران • (heyrân)

Turkish: hayran


آب حیات

Turkish: abıhayat

Borrowed from Persian آب حیات (literally “water of life”).


كوز

Turkish: göz

Gagauz: göz

→ Armenian: գյոզ (gyoz)


كوز

Gagauz: güz

Turkish: güz

→ Laz: ჯუზი (cuzi)


قبرس

head

قبرس • (Kıbrıs)

Turkish: Kıbrıs

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Cyprus (an island and country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia)


قونشو

konşu (romanization)
komşu (romanization)

Gagauz: komşu

Turkish: komşu

→ Aromanian: cumší

→ Albanian: komshi

→ Bulgarian: комши́я (komšíja)

→ Macedonian: комшија (komšija)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ко̀мшија

Latin script: kòmšija

Romanian: comșie

From Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (konşı, konşu, “neighbor”), from Proto-Turkic *kon- (“neighbor; friend, guest”).


ایش

Gagauz: iş

Turkish: iş

desc

→ Pontic Greek: δουλεία (douleía) (semantic loan)


دارفور

Turkish: Darfur

Borrowed from Arabic دار فور (Dār Fūr, “land of the Fur”).

bor+

Darfur: A region in western Sudan where the Fur live.


سودان

Turkish: Sudan

Borrowed from Arabic سُودَان (sūdān, “black people”), plural of أَسْوَد (ʔaswad, “black”).

Sudan (a country in North Africa and East Africa)


دده

Turkish: dede


خزینه

Turkish: hazine

→ Albanian: hazine

→ Bulgarian: хазна́ (hazná)

→ Crimean Tatar: hazine

desc

→ Macedonian: хазна (hazna), азна (azna), азно (azno)

→ Romanian: hazna

→ Serbo-Croatian: hȁzna / ха̏зна

Borrowed from Arabic خَزِينَة (ḵazīna, “treasury, closet”), a word of Iranian origin.

bor+

treasure, trove, a collection of valuable things, often buried underground

treasury, a place where state or royal money and valuables are safely stored

chamber, one of the bullet-holding compartments in the cylinder of a revolver


اشعار

head

اشعار • (işar) (plural اشعارات)

From Arabic إِشْعَار (ʔišʕār), verbal noun of أَشْعَرَ (ʔašʕara, “to notify, inform”).

der

Arabic إِشْعَار (ʔišʕār)


اشعار

head

اشعار • (eşar)

From Arabic أَشْعَار (ʔašʕār), plural of شِعْر (šiʕr).

der

Arabic أَشْعَار (ʔašʕār)


تحقیقات

Turkish: tahkikat

→ Crimean Tatar: tahqiqat


عملیات

Turkish: ameliyat

desc

→ Laz: ამელიჲათი (ameliyati), ემელიჲათი (emeliyati) — Vitse


نقطه

head

نقطه • (nokta) (plural نقتهط (nukat) or نقطهلر (noktalar))

nokta (romanization)
نقتهط (plural)
نقطهلر (plural)

→ Turkish: nokta

desc

→ Armenian: նօխտա (nōxta), նոխթա (noxtʻa)

Borrowed from Arabic نُقْطَة (nuqṭa, “dot, point”).

bor+

dot, point, a small, round spot or speck

dot, a punctuation mark used to indicate the end of a sentence

(figuratively) small patch of verdure in a desert


پادشاه

head

پادشاه • (padišah)

ota-noun

پادشاه • (padišah)

Turkish: padişah

→ Bulgarian: падиша́х (padišáh)

desc

→ Cappadocian Greek: Πατισάχης (Patisáchis)

→ Czech: pádišáh

→ Hungarian: padisah

→ Macedonian: падишах (padišah)

→ Romanian: padișah

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: па̀дишах

Latin script: pàdišah


طوپ

Turkish: top

→ Albanian: top

→ Greek: τόπι (tópi)

→ Ladino: טופ

→ Macedonian: топ (top)

→ Middle Armenian: թօփ (tʻōpʻ)

Armenian: թոփ (tʻopʻ)

→ Iraqi Arabic: طوبة (ṭobe)

→ North Levantine Arabic: طابه (ṭābe)

→ Ossetian: топп (topp)

→ Persian: توپ (tup, top)

Hindi: तोप (top)

Urdu: توپ (top)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: топ

Latin script: top

→ Slovene: top

From Proto-Turkic *top (“round object”).


نفوذ

head

نفوذ • (nüfuz) (definite accusative نفوذی (nüfuzu), plural نفوذلر (nüfuzlar))

nüfuz (romanization)
نفوذی (accusative definite)
نفوذلر (plural)

Turkish: nüfuz

Borrowed from Arabic نُفُوذ (nufūḏ, “penetration; influence”).

bor+

penetration, the act of penetrating a given situation with the mind or faculties

influence, the power to affect, control or manipulate something or someone


مشاهده

head

مشاهده • (müşahede) (definite accusative مشاهدهیی (müşahedeyi), plural مشاهدات (müşahedat))

müşahede (romanization)
مشاهدهیی (accusative definite)
مشاهدات (plural)

Turkish: müşahede


جاهد

Turkish: Cahit


ساز

سازجی (sazcı)

Turkish: saz

good works standing to one's credit in heaven

a stringed instrument, especially the saz or baglama


ساز

Alternative spelling of صاز (saz, “rush”)


آخرت

Turkish: āhiret

→ Macedonian: ахирет (ahiret)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: а́хирет

Latin script: áhiret

→ Ubykh: аҳреҭ (ahret)

From Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (āχıret), from Arabic اَلْآخِرَة (al-ʔāḵira, “the hereafter”).


آمان

Borrowed from Arabic أَمَان (ʔamān, “security, safety, peacefulness”).


عموجه

head

عموجه • (ʼamuca) (definite accusative عموجهیی (ʼamucayı), plural عموجهلر (ʼamucalar))

ʼamuca (romanization)
عموجهیی (accusative definite)
عموجهلر (plural)

Turkish: amca

→ Armenian: ամուճա (amuča)

→ Bulgarian: аму́джа (amúdža)

→ Serbo-Croatian: а̀миџа / àmidža

From the older form آبجه (abıca, abuca), from Proto-Turkic *abučka (“uncle”), probably under the influence of Arabic عَمّ (ʕamm, “paternal uncle”). Cognate with Bashkir абышҡа (abışqa), Chuvash упӑшка (up̬ăška), Kazakh абышка (abyşka), Kyrgyz абышка (abışka), Southern Altai абышка (abïška) and Tuvan ашак (aşak).

paternal uncle, one's father's brother, thus a second-degree relative


بوغاز

بوغاز • (boğaz) (plural بوغازلر)

ota-noun

بوغاز • (boğaz) (plural بوغازلر)

Turkish: boğaz

→ Abkhaz: абаӷәаза (abağʷaza)

desc

→ Arabic: بُوغَاز (būḡāz)

→ Arabic: بُوغَاز (būḡāz)

→ Aromanian: bugáze

→ Armenian: բողազ (boġaz), պողազ (poġaz)

→ Bulgarian: бо́аз (bóaz), боа́з (boáz)

→ Greek: μπουγάζι (bougázi), μπογάζι (bogázi)

→ Persian: بوغاز (boğâz)

→ Marathi: बोगदा (bogdā)

→ Romanian: bogaz, boaz

→ Serbo-Croatian: bȍgaz / бо̏газ

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *boguŕ (“throat”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰉𐰆𐰍𐰔 (boɣuz), Azerbaijani boğaz, Bashkir боғаҙ (boğaź), Chuvash пыр (pyr), Kyrgyz богуз (boguz), Turkmen bogaz, Uyghur بوغۇز (boghuz) and Uzbek boʼgʼiz.

بوغازلتمق

to make or let be killed by cutting the throat

throat, the front part of the neck, between the chin and the breast

gullet, esophagus, the tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach

windpipe, trachea, the cartilaginous tube connecting the larynx to the bronchi

(by extension) sound, strait, a narrow channel connecting two larger bodies of water

(by extension) canyon, defile, gorge, any narrow pass between mountains

(in furriery) the fur of the throat of any beast


معتبر

Turkish: muteber


اثبات

isbat (romanization)
ispat (romanization)

Turkish: ispat

der

Arabic إِثْبَات (ʔiṯbāt)


سد

sedd (romanization)
set (romanization)
südd (romanization)
süt (romanization)

Turkish: set

(medicine) obturation, obliteration, abstruction; tamponnement

(military) terrace, a sort of cavalier which was carried to a great height in order to overlook and command the walls of a town, such as is constructed by means of mantelets which stand very high to cover from arrows


قندهار

قَندَهار (canonical)
Kandehar (romanization)

Turkish: Kandehar

Borrowed from Persian قندهار (qandahâr).


جنایت

head

جنایت • (cinayet) (definite accusative جنایتی (cinayeti), plural جنایات (cinayat))

cinayet (romanization)
جنایتی (accusative definite)
جنایات (plural)

Turkish: cinayet


اعتراف

اعتراف • (itirâf)

ota-noun

اعتراف • (itirâf)

Turkish: itiraf

Borrowed from Arabic اِعْتِرَاف (iʕtirāf).


حشره

head

حشره • (haşere) (plural حشرات (haşerat))

Turkish: haşere

Borrowed from Arabic حَشَرة (ḥašara, “insect”).

bor+

insect, any arthropod in the Insecta class characterized by six legs

(colloquial) insect, bug, any small arthropod similar to an insect


خصوص

Turkish: husus

der

Arabic خُصُوص (ḵuṣūṣ)


حشفه

Turkish: haşefe

Borrowed from Arabic حَشَفَة (ḥašafa, “tip; glans”).

bor+

glans, a structure at the extremity of the penis and of the clitoris

stubble, gratten, the short stalks left in a field after the harvest

rock, a sharp mass of stone projecting out of the water


اس

head

اس • (üss, üs) (plural اساس (ıssas) or آساس (assas) or اسلر (üsler))

üss (romanization)
üs (romanization)
اساس (plural)
آساس (plural)
اسلر (plural)

Turkish: üs


موضوع

موضوع • (mevzu) (definite accusative موضوعی (mevzuu), plural موضوعات (mevzuat))

mevzu (romanization)
موضوعی (accusative definite)
موضوعات (plural)

bor

Arabic مَوْضُوع (mawḍūʕ)


موضوع

Turkish: mevzu

Arabic مَوْضُوع (mawḍūʕ)


وان

Turkish: Van

→ English: Van

Central Anatolia
Central Anatolia#English

Van (a city and province in Central Anatolia, Turkey)


قدرت

Turkish: kudret

From Arabic قُدْرَة (qudra), verbal noun of قَدَرَ (qadara, “to have power over; to be able to”).


مور

The origin is uncertain. Cognate with Azerbaijani mor (“violet”), Turkmen mor (“reddish-brown, rust-colored”), Nogai моры (morı), мору (moru, “brown; maroon”), Karachay-Balkar мор (mor, “brown”), Kyrgyz мор (mor, “a dark brown dye”).
Often considered a borrowing from a violet berry name in an Indo-European language: compare Armenian մոր (mor), dialectal մոռ (moṙ, “blackberry; raspberry; wild strawberry”), Ancient Greek μόρον (móron, “black mulberry; blackberry”), Italian moro (“black mulberry tree”).


مور

Turkish: mor

→ Kurdish:

Central Kurdish: مۆر (mor)

Northern Kurdish: mor

→ Middle Armenian: մօռ (mōṙ, “violet”)

Armenian: մոռ (moṙ)


بتر

Turkish: beter


دشوار

head

دشوار • (düşvâr)

Turkish: düşvar

Borrowed from Persian دشوار (došvâr, “difficult, hard”), from Middle Persian [script needed] (dwšw'l /dušwār/).

der

difficult, hard, cumbersome, demanding to handle or get around with


پارسه

Turkish: parsa

From Italian borsa. Doublet of بورسه (borsa, “exchange”) borrowed again later into a higher register.

money amassed by begging or street performance, kitty


پارسه

dative singular of پارس (pars, “leopard”)


پارسه

dative singular of پارس (paris, “Paris”)


سپر

Turkish: siper

→ Armenian: սիփեր (sipʻer)

shield, a broad piece of defensive armor held in hand

shield, anything that acts as a protection, or guard

(printing) side smudge of ink made by type


ساری

Turkish: Sari

Sari (a city in Mazandaran province, Iran).


یان

Turkish: yan

→ Armenian: յան (yan)

→ Macedonian: јан (jan)


ارامنه

head

ارامنه • (Erâmine)

Turkish: Eramine

From pseudo-Arabic *أَرَامِنَة. Compare truly attested Arabic plurals such as سَلَاجِقَة (salājiqa) (whence Ottoman Turkish سلاجقه (Selâcıka)).


عثمانلوجه

عثمانلوجه • (Osmânlıca)

Turkish: Osmanlıca

عثمان (Osman, “Osman”) + ـلو (-lı, adjective forming suffix) + ـجه (-ca, language forming suffix)


زخمه

head

زخمه • (zahme) (definite accusative زخمهیی (zahmeyi), plural زخمهلر (zahmeler))

zahme (romanization)
زخمهیی (accusative definite)
زخمهلر (plural)

Turkish: sakme

Borrowed from Persian زخمه (zaxme, “plectrum”).

bor+

plectrum, a small piece of metal, ivory, etc., for plucking the strings of an instrument, such as a lyre, guitar, etc.

bow, a rod with horsehair stretched between the ends, used for playing various stringed musical instruments

stirrup strap, stirrup leather, a piece of leather or other material attached to the saddle that supports a stirrup


مضراب

head

مضراب • (mızrab) (definite accusative مضرابی (mızrabı), plural مضاریب (mazârîb))

mızrab (romanization)
مضرابی (accusative definite)
مضاریب (plural)

Turkish: mızrap

Borrowed from Arabic مِضْرَاب (miḍrāb, “plectrum”).


سوز

Turkish: söz

→ Laz: სოზი (sozi)


صارق

head

صارق • (sarık) (definite accusative صارغی (sarığı), plural صارقلر (sarıklar))

sarık (romanization)
صارغی (accusative definite)
صارقلر (plural)

Turkish: sarık

→ Albanian: sarëk

→ Armenian: սարըխ (sarəx)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: сарук

Latin script: saruk

Ultimately from a development of Proto-Turkic *saru- (“to wind around”), the same root of صارمق (sarmak, “to wind, wrap”), زار (zar, “wrapping, envelope”) and صارغی (sargı, “anything wound or wrapped”).

turban, a man's headdress made by winding a length of muslin round the head

صارغی بورمه

kind of dessert in the shape of a turban


داغ

Gagauz: daa (“forest”)

Turkish: dağ

→ Bulgarian: даг (dag) (dialectal)

desc

→ Laz: დაღი (daği), ნდაღი (ndaği) — Atina


داغ

Turkish: dağ

sear, mark left by cauterization or etching, brand


خریطه

Turkish: harita

→ Armenian: խարթա (xartʻa)

From Arabic خَرِيطَة (ḵarīṭa), from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs, “sheet of paper”).

bor

Arabic خَرِيطَة (ḵarīṭa)


مردیون

Turkish: merdiven

→ Serbo-Croatian: mȅrdevine / ме̏рдевине

Vulgar form of نردبان (nerdiban, nerdüban, “stair, staircase, stairway; ladder”)


منشار

head

منشار • (minşar) (plural مناشیر (manaşir))

Turkish: minşar

Borrowed from Arabic مِنْشَار (minšār, “saw; winnowing fan”).

bor+

saw, a tool with a toothed blade used for cutting hard substances

winnowing fan, a basket in which grain is shaken in order to remove the chaff


دومان

Turkish: duman

Gagauz: duman

desc

→ Armenian: տո̈ւման (tüman), դուման (duman), թուման (tʻuman)

→ Bulgarian: дума́н (dumán)

→ Greek: ντουμάνι (ntoumáni)

⇒ Greek: ντουμανιάζω (ntoumaniázo)

Kurdish:

→ Northern Kurdish: duman

→ Central Kurdish: دومان (duman)

→ Macedonian: думан (duman)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ду̀ма̄н

Latin script: dùmān


توتن

tutun (romanization)
tütün (romanization)

alternative spelling of توتون (tutun, tütün)


اقرباء

Turkish: akraba

bor

Arabic أَقْرِبَاء (ʔaqribāʔ)


توتون

Turkish: tütün

Gagauz: tütün

→ Adyghe: тутын (tutən)

→ Armenian: թութուն (tʻutʻun)

→ Bulgarian: тютюн (tjutjun)

→ Central Kurdish: توتن (tutin)

→ Classical Syriac: ܬܬܘܢ

→ Georgian: თუთუნი (tutuni)

→ Iraqi Arabic: تتن

→ Kabardian: тутын (tutən)

→ Laz: თუთუნი (tutuni), ტუტუნი (ťuťuni)

→ Lishana Deni: תותון (tutun)

→ Macedonian: тутун (tutun)

→ Mingrelian: თუთუმი (tutumi)

→ Persian: توتون

→ Polish: tytoń

→ Romanian: tutun

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ту̀тӯн

Latin script: tùtūn

→ Ukrainian: тютюн (tjutjun)

From Proto-Turkic *tütün (“smoke”), from the verb *tüt(e)- (“to smoke”), whence also Ottoman Turkish توتمك (tütmek, “to give out smoke”).

cog

tobacco (for the pipe, as opposed to tobacco for the narghile تنباكو (tenbakü, tumbaki, tumbeki, tömbeki, tönbeki))


جمعیت

Turkish: cemiyet

→ Crimean Tatar: cemiyet

Borrowed from Arabic جَمْعِيَّة (jamʕiyya, “association; gathering, assembly”); analyzable as جمع (cemʼ, “collection”) + ـیت (-iyet).

bor+

society, association, club, a group of people who meet to engage in a common interest

convocation, assembly, meeting, reunion, any gathering of persons for a specific purpose

(sociology) society, a long-standing group of individuals sharing cultural aspects


اولا

Turkish: evvela

Borrowed from Arabic أَوَّلًا (ʔawwalan).


اولا

head

اولا • (ola)

Turkish: ola

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

third-person singular optative of اولمق (olmak)


اولا

head

اولا • (ûlâ)

ota-adj

اولا • (ûlâ)


اولا

head

اولا • (evlâ)

ota-adj

اولا • (evlâ)


افلاس

head

افلاس • (iflâs)

ota-noun

افلاس • (iflâs)

Turkish: iflas

Borrowed from Arabic إِفْلاس (ʔiflās, “bankruptcy”).

bor+

(finance) bankruptcy, insolvency, the condition of one who is unable to pay his debts as they fall due


ترك

head

ترك • (türk) (plural تركلر (türkler) or اتراك (etrak))

türk (romanization)
تركلر (plural)
اتراك (plural)

Turkish: Türk
→ English: Türk

→ Albanian: turk

→ Romanian: turc

From Proto-Turkic *tür(ü)k. Cognate with Old Turkic 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (t²ür²k̥ /türük/).

افندیلر ، بو وضعیت قارشیسنده بر ، تك قرار واردی. اوده حاكمیت ملیهیه مستند ، بلا قید وشرط مستقل یكی بر تورك دولتی تأسیس ایتمك!

Efendiler, bu vaziyet karşısında bir tek karar vardı. O da hakimiyet-i milliyeye müstenid, bilakayduşart müstakil yeni bir Türk devleti te'sis etmek!


ترك

Turkish: terk

→ Armenian: թէրք (tʻērkʻ)

From Arabic تَرْك (tark), verbal noun of تَرَكَ (taraka, “to leave, relinquish”).

quitting, abandoning, leaving; abandonment


منع

Turkish: men


پیاس

Turkish: Payas

Borrowed from Arabic بياس, ultimately from Ancient Greek Παίας (Paías).

Payas (a town and district in Hatay province, Turkey)


عبادت

عبادت • (ʼibâdet) (definite accusative عبادتی (ʼibâdeti), plural عبادتلر (ʼibâdetler))

ʼibâdet (romanization)
عبادتی (accusative definite)
عبادتلر (plural)

Turkish: ibadet

Borrowed from Arabic عِبَادَة (ʕibāda, “worship”).

bor+

worship, adoration, the devotion accorded to a deity or to a sacred object

divine service, a rite or ritual performed in as part of a religious observation


شاب

Turkish: şap

→ Armenian: շապ (šap)

From Arabic شَبّ (šabb, “vitriol; alum”).

alum, an astringent salt much used in dyeing and tanning

coral reef, a reef formed by compacted coral skeletons


نظم

Turkish: nazım


قین

Turkish: kın

desc

→ Armenian: խըն (xən), ղին (ġin), կըն (kən)

→ Bulgarian: кания (kanija)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kï̄n (“sheath, scabbard”); cognate with Azerbaijani qın, Bashkir ҡын (qın), Chuvash йӗнӗ (jĕnĕ), Kazakh қын (qyn), Kyrgyz кын (kın), Turkmen gyn, Uyghur قىن (qin), Uzbek qin and Yakut кыын (kıın).


عارف

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish عَارِفْ ('ārif), which was borrowed from Arabic عَارِف (ʕārif).

knowing, versed, skilled; an expert; especially, an adept in divine or mystical matters


عارف

Turkish: arif, Arif

→ Albanian: Arif


كسر

Turkish: keser

→ Armenian: քէսէր (kʻēsēr)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *keser (“adze”), a development of *kes- (“to cut”), whence كسمك (kesmek, “to cut”).

adze, a cutting tool that has a curved blade set at a right angle to the handle


نسل

Turkish: nesil

Borrowed from Arabic نَسْل (nasl, “progeny, offspring”).

نسلی منقرض اولمق

for one's whole race to die out and be extinct

lineage, ancestry, stock, descent, the descending line of offspring or ascending line of parentage

race, breed, strain, a group of people distinguished by common ancestry, heritage or characteristics

offspring, progeny, issue, any of a person's descendants, including of further generations


توقف

Turkish: tevakkuf

From Arabic تَوَقُّف (tawaqquf), verbal noun of تَوَقَّفَ (tawaqqafa).


تحدث

Turkish: tahaddüs (“intuition”)


بربر

Turkish: berber

→ Albanian: berber
→ Aromanian: birber

→ Adyghe: бэрбэр (bɛrbɛr)

desc

→ Armenian: պերպեր (perper), պեռպեռ (peṙpeṙ), ⇒ Բերբերյան (Berberyan), ⇒ Պերպերյան (Perperyan)

→ Azerbaijani: bərbər

→ Ladino: berber

→ Laz: ბერბერი (berberi)

→ Macedonian: бербер (berber)

→ Serbo-Croatian: бербер / berber

From Venetan barbièr (Italian barbiere).


بربر

head

بربر • (berber) (singulative بربری (berberi))

berber (romanization)
بربری (singulative)

Turkish: Berber


آم

Turkish: am

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *am (“vulva”); cognate with Azerbaijani am, Bashkir әм (əm), Kazakh ам (am), Kyrgyz ам (am), Tatar әм (äm), Turkmen am and Uzbek am.

inh+

vulva, the external female sexual organs, collectively


طیاره

Turkish: tayyare

→ Arabic: طيارة (ṭayyāra)

desc

թայյարա<lb:պլ>

→ Armenian: (Constantinople) թայյարա (tʻayyara)

→ Azerbaijani: təyyarə

→ Crimean Tatar: tayare

→ Persian:

Dari: طیاره (tayyāra)

Iranian Persian: طیاره (teyyâre)

Tajik: тайёра (tayyora)

→ Uzbek: tayyora

From Arabic ط ي ر (related to flying), likely coined by Turkish poet, educator and stateman Fazıl Ahmet Aykaç around 1910.

coin

اخیراً قناداده (ژوزهف غادبوری) اسمنده بری مختلف کیمسهلری (۸۰۰) بیك دولار دولانديردقدن صوكره بر طیارهیه راکباً فرار ایلهمشدر

Ahîren Kanada’da ( Jozef Gadbori ) isminde biri muhtelif kimseleri ( 800 ) biñ dolar dolandırdıkdan soñra bir tayyâreye râkiben firâr eylemişdir.


ربط

Turkish: rabıt


فكر

Turkish: fikir

→ Armenian: ֆիքր (fikʻr)

→ Laz: ჶიკირი (fiǩiri)


بروم

Turkish: brom


مر

→⇒ Armenian: մռու (mṙu)


مر

→? Armenian: մուռ (muṙ)


دقت

head

دقت • (dikkât) (definite accusative دقتی (dikkati), plural دقتلر (dikkatler))

dikkât (romanization)
دقتی (accusative definite)
دقتلر (plural)

Turkish: dikkat

→ Armenian: տիքքաթ (tikʻkʻatʻ)

Borrowed from Arabic دِقَّة (diqqa, “accuracy, precision”).

bor+

attention, care, heed, regard, consideration, any action or remark expressing concern for or interest in someone or something


دمیر

Turkish: demir

desc

→ Armenian: տէմիր (tēmir) — Constantinople

→ Laz: დემირი (demiri)

→⇒ Cretan Greek: ντεμίρικο (ntemíriko)


بارداق

Turkish: bardak

→ Albanian: bardak, ⇒ bardhak

→ Armenian: պարտախ (partax), բարդաղ (bardaġ)

→ Egyptian Arabic: بَرْدَاق (bardāq)

→ Aromanian: bardac

→ Bulgarian: барда́к (bardák)

→ Laz: ბარდაღი (bardaği)

→ Macedonian: ба́рдак (bárdak)

→ Romanian: bărdac, bărdacă

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ба̀рда̄к

Latin script: bàrdāk

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bartak, a development of *bart (“jug, vessel”), whence Old Turkic 𐰉𐰺𐱃 (bart). Cognate with Azerbaijani bardaq.

glass, a vessel from which one drinks, often made of glass

tankard, a drinking vessel with a handle and a cover

mug, a large cup for beverages, usually having a handle


رنده

Turkish: rende

→ Albanian: rende

→ Armenian: ըռենտե (əṙente), էրենտե (ērente)

→ Aromanian: réndã, rindéauã

→ Bulgarian: ренде́ (rendé)

→ Greek: ρεντές (rentés)

→ Macedonian: ренде (rende)

→ Romanian: rindea, rendea, rândea, rindă

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: рѐнде

Latin script: rènde


ضعیف

head

ضعیف • (zaʼif)

Turkish: zayıf

→ Armenian: զայիֆ (zayif)

→ Crimean Tatar: zayıf

→ Gagauz: zayıf

→ Romanian: zaif

Borrowed from Arabic ضَعِيف (ḍaʕīf, “weak, feeble”).

bor+

weak, feeble, infirm, debilitated, deficient in force or physical strength

slim, thin, meager, slender, lithe, skinny, having little body fat or flesh

emaciated, scrawny, gaunt, macilent, especially from hunger or disease


اعتماد

head

اعتماد • (itimad) (definite accusative اعتمادی (itimadı))

itimad (romanization)
اعتمادی (accusative definite)

Turkish: itimat

Borrowed from Arabic اِعْتِمَاد (iʕtimād).


بینش

head

بینش • (biniş)

ota-noun

بینش • (biniş)


عنوان

desc

> Turkish: (superseded) unvan, ⇒ ünvan (inherited)

عنوانی خلیفه اولسون ، نه اولورسه اولسون هیچ كمسه بو ملتك مقدراتنده مشاركت صاحبی اولهماز.

1927 October, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Nutuk, page 501:

Unvanı halife olsun, ne olursa olsun hiç kimse bu milletin mukadderatında müşareket sahibi olamaz.


ماموت

Turkish: mamut

From French mammouth, from Russian ма́монт (mámont, “mammoth”), probably from a Uralic language.


اقلیت

ekalliyet (romanization)
اقلیتلر (plural)

> Turkish: ekalliyet (inherited)

→ Azerbaijani: əqəlliyyət, əqəliyyət

→ Arabic: أَقَلِّيَّة (ʔaqalliyya)

desctree

→ Persian: اقلیت (aqalliyat)
→ Gujarati: અકલિયત (akaliyat)
→ Urdu: اَقَلِّیَت (aqalliyat)

From اقل (ekall, “less”) + ـیت (-iyet, “-ness”). First attested in 1877.

suffix

minority (any subgroup that does not form a numerical majority)


نوبت

nevbet (romanization)
nöbet (romanization)

Turkish: nöbet

→ Armenian: նէօպէթ (nēōpētʻ)

desc

→ Georgian: ნობეთი (nobeti) — Chveneburi

→ Laz: ნობეთი (nobeti)

Borrowed from Classical Persian نوبت (nawbat), from Arabic نَوْبَة (nawba).

bor+

guard, patrol, the occupation of keeping watch

watchman, guard, patrol, man or mandem keeping watch

an orchestra or concert planned for a specific date or on a specific schedule

shift, turn, rotational change in position or the practice of rotation itself

(rare) time as in three times and four times


بیز

Turkish: biz

→ Armenian: բիզ (biz)

→ Laz: ბიზი (bizi)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bińŕ (“awl”); cognate with Azerbaijani biz, Bashkir беҙ (beź), Kazakh бiз (biz), Khakas піс (pìs), Nogai биз (biz), Uyghur بېگىز (bëgiz) and Uzbek bigiz.

awl, a pointed instrument for piercing small holes


علامت

head

علامت • (ʼalamet) (definite accusative علامتی (ʼalameti), plural علامات (ʼalamat))

ʼalamet (romanization)
علامتی (accusative definite)
علامات (plural)

Turkish: alamet

→ Albanian: alamet

Borrowed from Arabic عَلَامَة (ʕalāma, “sign, mark, symbol”).

bor+

sign, symbol, any object or event whose presence indicates the occurance of something else

symptom, a perceived change in some function of a person that indicates a disease or disorder

cipher, device, any emblem or other mark used to distinguish or identify the bearer from others

miracle, wonder, marvel, prodigy, any event that appears inexplicable by the laws of nature


جنت

Turkish: cennet

→ Abkhaz: џьанаҭ (džanat)

→ Albanian: xhennet, xhenet

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: џѐнет, џѐннет, Џѐнет, Џѐннет

Latin script: džènet, džènnet, Džènet, Džènnet

Etymology tree
Arabic جَنَّة (janna)bor.
Classical Persian جَنَّت (jannat)bor.
Ottoman Turkish جنت
Borrowed from Classical Persian جَنَّت (jannat), borrowed from Arabic جَنَّة (janna).

جنتلی

who has attained paradise by his piety; deceased; great in memory

(originally) garden, park, any outdoor, luxuriant area where plants are grown for ornamental purposes

(religion) Heaven, paradise, the abode of God or the gods, when considered as a specific location


جنت

Turkish: cinnet

Borrowed from Classical Persian جنت (jinnat), from Arabic جِنَّة (jinna, “madness, craziness”).

der

madness, craziness, insanity, lunacy, the state of being mad, crazy, or insane


یقین

head

یقین • (yakın)


برابر

beraber (romanization)
barabar (romanization)

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish برابر (beraber, barabar).


برابر

Turkish: beraber

→ Aromanian: bara-bara

→ Bulgarian: бараба́р (barabár)

→ Ladino: baraber, barabar

→ Laz: ბააბეჲი (baabeyi)

→ Macedonian: барабар (barabar)

→ Romanian: bărăbar

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бара̀бар

Latin script: baràbar


بلوك

head

بلوك • (bölük)

Turkish: bölük

→ Albanian: bylyk

→ Arabic: بُلُوك (bulūk)

→ Armenian: բոլուկ (boluk)

desc

→ Bulgarian: билю́к (biljúk), бюлю́к (bjuljúk)

→ Greek: μπουλούκι (bouloúki)

→ Macedonian: булук (buluk)

→ Romanian: buluc

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бу̀љук

Latin script: bùljuk

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bȫlük (“part, fraction, section”), from *bȫl- (“to divide, separate, distinguish”); cognate with Azerbaijani bölük, Kazakh бөлік (bölık), Kyrgyz бөлүк (bölük), Southern Altai бӧлӱк (bölük), Tuvan бөлүк (bölük).

inh

part, division, subdivision, fraction, section

(military) company of infantry, commanded by a captain

(military) squadron of cavalry, comprising two companies


كسم

Turkish: kesim

→ Egyptian Arabic: كسم (kasm)

→ Armenian: քէսիմ (kʻēsim)

→ Bulgarian: ке́си́м (késím)

→ Macedonian: ќесим (ḱesim)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ће̑сӣм, ке̑сӣм

Latin script: ćȇsīm, kȇsīm

كسمك (kesmek, “to cut”) + ـم (-im). Some meanings are inspired by Arabic قِسْم (qism, “part”).

affix

<i class="Latn mention" lang="tr">-im</i>

cut, the wise in which something is snithen


برا

Borrowed from Arabic بَرًّا (barran), adverbial accusative of بَرّ (barr).


آزمان

Turkish: azman

→ Armenian: ազման (azman)

From آزمق (azmak, “to overflow, overgrow”) + ـمان (-man).

af

overgrown, disproportionate, enormous, monstrous


اشتر

head

اشتر • (iştir)

ota-noun

اشتر • (iştir)

Alternative spelling of اشتیر (iştir, “blite”)


اشتر

head

اشتر • (uştur)

ota-noun

اشتر • (uştur)

Alternative spelling of شتر (şütür, “camel”)


چبوق

çibuk (romanization)
çıbuk (romanization)
çubuk (romanization)

Turkish: çubuk

→ Albanian: çubuk, çibuk

→ Arabic: شُبُق (šubuq), شُبُك (šubuk)

→ Armenian: չիբուխ (čʻibux)

→ Greek: τσιμπούκι (tsimpoúki)

→ French: chibouque

→ English: chibouk

→ Georgian: ჩიბუხი (čibuxi)

→ Hungarian: csibuk

→ Persian: چبوق (čebuq, čobuq)

Tajik: чубуқ (čubuq)

→ Romanian: ciubuc

→ Serbo-Croatian: čìbuk / чѝбук

From Proto-Turkic *čöpik (“stick, twig”). Cognate with Karakhanid جِبِقْ (čïpïq), Bashkir сыбыҡ (sıbıq).


خنجر

head

خنجر • (hancar or hancer) (definite accusative خنجری (hanceri), plural خنجرلر (hancerler))

hancar (romanization)
hancer (romanization)
خنجری (accusative definite)
خنجرلر (plural)

Turkish: hançer

→ Belarusian: ханджа́р (xandžár)

→ Bulgarian: ханджа́р (handžár)

→ Old Czech: končier

Czech: končíř

Slovak: končiar, končur

→ Hungarian: handzsár

Czech: handžár

desc

→ Italian: canciàro, canciàrro, cangiàro

→ Macedonian: а́нџар (ándžar)

→ Polish: koncerz

→ Romanian: hanger

→ Russian: ханджа́р (xandžár)

→ Serbo-Croatian: hàndžār / ха̀нџа̄р

→ German: Handschar

→ Sicilian: canciarru

→ Ukrainian: ханджа́р (xandžár)

→ Venetan: ganzar

Borrowed from Persian خنجر (xanjar, “dagger”).

bor+

dagger, poniard, a stabbing weapon, similar to a sword but with a short, double-edged blade

khanjar, a kind of traditional dagger used in Arabic countries whose shape resembles a hook


ارضروم

Turkish: Erzurum

Eastern Anatolia
Eastern Anatolia#English

Erzurum (a city and province in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey)


نعل

head

نعل • (naʼl) (definite accusative نعلی (naʼlı), plural نعال (niʼal))

naʼl (romanization)
نعلی (accusative definite)
نعال (plural)

Turkish: nal

Borrowed from Arabic نَعْل (naʕl, “horseshoe”).

bor+

horseshoe, the U-shaped shoe of a horse, now typically made of metal

ferrule, a band or cap of metal placed around a shaft to reinforce it

patten, clog, sabot, any of various types of footwear made of wood


یكی آی

head

یڭی آی • (yeñi ay)

ota-noun

یڭی آی • (yeñi ay)

یڭی آی (canonical)
yeñi ay (romanization)


آیاز

head

آیاز • (ayaz) (definite accusative آیازی (ayazı), plural آیازلر (ayazlar))

ayaz (romanization)
آیازی (accusative definite)
آیازلر (plural)

Turkish: ayaz

→ Armenian: այազ (ayaz)

→ Greek: αγιάζι (agiázi)

→ Laz: აჲაზი (ayazi)

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish آیَازْ (ayaz), from Proto-Turkic *ayaŕ (“clear sky; frost”). Cognate with Azerbaijani ayaz, Bashkir аяҙ (ayaź), Chuvash уяр (ujar), Kazakh аяз (aäz), Kyrgyz аяз (ayaz), Turkmen aýaz, Uyghur ئاياز (ayaz) and Uzbek ayoz.

inh+

frost, the cold weather that causes ice crystals to form, especially on a clear night


ایالت

Turkish: eyalet

→ English: eyalet

→ French: eyalet

→ German: Ejalet

⇒ Portuguese: eialete

→ Russian: эялет (ejalet)

⇒ Spanish: eyalato

eyalet (administrative division of the Ottoman Empire)


قار

Turkish: kar

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kār (“snow”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰴𐰺 (kar), Azerbaijani qar, Chuvash йор (jor), Dolgan каар, Kazakh қар (qar), Kyrgyz кар (kar), Turkmen gar, Tuvan хар (xar), Uyghur قار (qar), Uzbek qor and Yakut хаар (qaar).

snow, the frozen state of water that falls as precipitation


شمشك

head

شمشك • (şimşek) (plural شمشكلر (şimşekler))

Turkish: şimşek

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish سوكوشاك (sügüşek/süŋüşek), سوكوشاك (sügşek/süŋşek), which is believed to derive from Proto-Turkic *süŋüĺek, a development from *süŋgü (“spear”); for the semantic development spear → lightning, compare Latin sagitta (“arrow”) and the Italian descendant saetta (“lightning”).

inh+

lightning, the flash of light produced by a thunderbolt


یوق

Gagauz: yok

Turkish: yok (yoğ-)

→ Macedonian: јок (jok)

→ Romanian: ioc

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: јок

Latin script: jok


یونانستان

Yunanıstan (romanization)
Yunanistan (romanization)

Turkish: Yunanistan

From یونان (Yunan, “Greek”) + ـستان (“-istan, -land: forming place names”). Equivalent to Yunan + -istan.


بالقون

Turkish: balkon

→ Albanian: ballkon


كوچوك پاسقالیه

head

كوچوك پاسقالیه • (küçük paskalya)

ota-noun

كوچوك پاسقالیه • (küçük paskalya)

Turkish: Küçük Paskalya, küçük paskalya


بیوك پاسقالیه

head

بیوك پاسقالیه • (büyük paskalya)

ota-noun

بیوك پاسقالیه • (büyük paskalya)

Turkish: Büyük Paskalya, büyük paskalya


میلاد عیسی

head

میلاد عیسی • (milad-ı isa)

ota-noun

میلاد عیسی • (milad-ı isa)


پاسقالیه

From Greek Πασχαλιά (Paschaliá, “Eastertide”).

bor

بیوك پاسقالیه ― büyük paskalya ― Easter (literally: great paskalya)

كوچوك پاسقالیه ― küçük paskalya ― Christmas (literally: small paskalya)


پاسقالیه

Turkish: paskalya

From Greek πασχαλιά (paschaliá, “common lilac”).

Syringa vulgaris
Syringa vulgaris#Translingual

(usually with چیچگی (çiçeği)) common lilac (Syringa vulgaris)

Bellis perennis
Bellis perennis#Translingual

(usually with چیچگی (çiçeği)) common daisy (Bellis perennis)


میلاد عیسی عرفه‌سی

head

میلاد عیسی عرفهسی • (milad-ı isa arifesi)

میلاد عیسی عرفهسی (canonical)
milad-ı isa arifesi (romanization)


بیوك پرهیز

بیوك پرهیز • (Büyük Perhiz)

ota-proper noun

بیوك پرهیز • (Büyük Perhiz)

Turkish: Büyük Perhiz

By surface analysis, بیوك (büyük, “great”) + پرهیز (perhiz, “fast”).


خمسین بیرامی

head

خمسین بیرامی

ota-noun

خمسین بیرامی


فصح

head

فصح • (fısıh)

ota-noun

فصح • (fısıh)

Turkish: fısıh, Fısıh


كل بیرامی

head

گل بیرامی • (gül bayramı)

ota-proper noun

گل بیرامی • (gül bayramı)

گل بیرامی (canonical)
gül bayramı (romanization)


شكر بیرامی

head

شكر بیرامی • (şeker bayramı)

ota-noun

شكر بیرامی • (şeker bayramı)


ایواه

head

ایواه • (eyvâh)

ota-interjection

ایواه • (eyvâh)

Turkish: eyvah


ابه

Turkish: ebe

From Proto-Turkic *apa (“mother, elder sister, aunt”).
According to Starostin, front row variants (e.g. Kazakh ебей (ebei), Dolgan and Yakut эбэ (ebe)) are recent and may have a Mongolic origin.


بیل

Turkish: bil, bel

→ Armenian: պել (pel)

→ Laz: ბელი (beli)

Borrowed from Persian بیل (bil, “shovel, spade”).

bor+

spade, a garden tool with a handle and a flat blade for digging


مرض

head

مرض • (maraz) (definite accusative مرضی (marazı), plural امراض (emraz))

maraz (romanization)
مرضی (accusative definite)
امراض (plural)

Turkish: maraz

→ Albanian: maraz

→ Armenian: մարազ (maraz)

→ Crimean Tatar: maraz

desc

→ Greek: μαράζης (marázis), μαραζάρης (marazáris)

→ Northern Kurdish: meraz

→ Romanian: măraz, maraz

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мараз

Latin script: maraz

Borrowed from Arabic مَرَض (maraḍ, “disease, illness”), from Proto-Semitic *maraṣ̂- (“to be ill”).

bor+

امراض بولیهٔ تناسلیه و امراض داخلیه متخصص
اسكی و یكی بل صغوقلغی و فرنكی و بوبرك و مثانه و امعا و معده خستهلقلرینی غایت سریع و یکی اصول اوزره تداوی ایدر.

1910 April 24, “دوقتور صوجیان [Doctor Sodjian]”, in Tercüman-i Ahval, page 4:

Emraz bevliye tenasüliye ve emraz dahiliye mütehassıs
eski ve yeni belsoğukluğu ve frengi ve böbrek ve masane ve ema ve mi'de hastalıklarını gayet seri ve yeni usul üzere tedavi eder.

disease, sickness, illness, an abnormal condition of a human, animal or plant that causes discomfort or dysfunction


ـی

قیامت كونی


ویران

Turkish: viran

→ Macedonian: фиран (firan)

→ Romanian: viran

Borrowed from Persian ویران (virân, “ruined; desolate”).


جم

From Persian جم (jam), referring to Jamshid, a legendary ruler of ancient Iran.


صنف

head

صنف • (sınf or sınıf) (definite accusative صنفی (sınfı), plural اصناف (esnâf) or صنوف (sunuf))

sınf (romanization)
sınıf (romanization)
صنفی (accusative definite)
اصناف (plural)
صنوف (plural)

Turkish: sınıf

Crimean Tatar: sınıf

→ Laz: სინიჶი (sinifi)

Borrowed from Arabic صِنْف (ṣinf, “kind, sort”).

bor+

kind, sort, type, variety, a class of entities that have common characteristics such that they may be grouped together

class, category, a group, collection, or set to which items are assigned based on similarity or defined criteria

classroom, schoolroom, a room, often in a school, where classes take place and in which both children and adults learn

guild, corporation, any association of artisans and merchants who oversee the practice of their craft or trade


اختیار

Turkish: ihtiyar

Borrowed from Arabic اِخْتِيَار (iḵtiyār).


تاتارستان

From تاتار (tatar, “Tatar”) + ـستان (-stan, “-stan”)


خاصه

Turkish: hassa

der

Arabic خَاصَّة (ḵāṣṣa)

Short for عساكر خاصه (asakir hassa, “imperial guard”).


ترسا

head

ترسا • (tersâ)


ویس

Turkish: veys


سپاهی

سپاهی • (sipahi) (plural سپاهیان or سپاهیلر (sipahiler))

sipahi (romanization)
سپاهیان (plural)
سپاهیلر (plural)

Turkish: sipahi

→ English: sipahi

desctree

→ French: spahi
→ Dutch: spahi
→ English: spahi
→ Russian: спаги́ (spagí), спаг (spag)

→ Romanian: spahiu

→ Serbo-Croatian: sìpāh/сѝпа̄х, spàhija/спа̀хија

Borrowed from Classical Persian سِپَاهِی (sipāhī, “soldier, cavalryman”). By surface analysis, سپاه (sipah, “army”) + ـی.

surf

sipahi, a feudal cavalryman in the Ottoman Turkish army

yeoman, a small freeholder who farms his own land


خرم

Turkish: hürrem

From Persian خرم (xorram), from Middle Persian [script needed] (hwlm /huram/).


خرم

Turkish: Hürrem

Hürrem Sultan


دومن

head

دومن • (dümen)

ota-noun

دومن • (dümen)

desc

Turkish: dümen, domen, dömen, demen (dialectal)

→ Albanian: dymen

→ Arabic: دُومَان (dūmān)

→ Armenian: (Constantinople) տիւմէն (tiwmēn), (Van) դուման (duman)

→ Bulgarian: дюме́н (djumén)

→ Dalmatian: dùmen

→ Moroccan Arabic: دمان (dmān)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ду̀мен

Latin script: dùmen

→ Ukrainian: деме́н (demén), деме́но (deméno)

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek τιμόνι (timóni), from Venetan timón. The initial /d/ is most likely due to the voicing effect in Greek for the preceding neuter article τον (ton), also compare Laz დიმონი (dimoni).

bor+

(nautical) rudder, an underwater vane used to steer a vessel


بوستان

Turkish: bostan

→ Albanian: bostan

→ Aromanian: bustane

→ Bulgarian: боста́н (bostán)

→ Byzantine Greek: μποστάνι (mpostáni)

Greek: μποστάνι (bostáni)

→ Crimean Tatar: bostan

→ Ladino: bostan, bustan

→ Macedonian: бостан (bostan)

→ Romanian: bostan, bostană

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бо̀стан

Latin script: bòstan


جاهل

Turkish: cahil


برات

head

برات • (berât) (definite accusative براتی (berâtı), plural براوات (berevât))

berât (romanization)
براتی (accusative definite)
براوات (plural)

Turkish: berat

Borrowed from Arabic بَرَاءَة (barāʔa, “license, patent”).

bor+

licence, permit, any legal document or artifact giving official permission to do something

patent, any official document granting an appointment, privilege, right, or some property

charter, any document issued by an authority conferring rights and privileges on a person


برات

Albanian: Berat

English: Berat

Turkish: Berat

From Old Church Slavonic Бѣлградъ (Bělgradŭ), from бѣлъ (bělŭ, “white”) + градъ (gradŭ, “fortress, city”), from Proto-Slavic *bělъ and *gordъ. Doublet of بلغراد (belgrad).


ارنب

Turkish: erneb

Borrowed from Arabic أَرْنَب (ʔarnab, “hare”).


بالق

head

بالق • (balık)

ota-noun

بالق • (balık)

Turkish: balık

→ Armenian: պալըխ (paləx)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bālɨk (“fish”); cognate with Azerbaijani balıq, Bashkir балыҡ (balıq), Chuvash пулӑ (pulă), Kazakh балық (balyq), Kyrgyz балык (balık), Tatar балык (balıq), Turkmen bālyk, Uyghur بېلىق (bëliq) and Uzbek baliq.

كومش بالغی

gümüş balığı

fish, a cold-blooded animal that lives in water

(in general) any animal that habitually lives in water


دلاك

From Persian دلاک (dallâk), from Arabic دَلَّاك (dallāk).


تلاق

Turkish: tellak

From earlier دلاك (dellak), from Arabic دَلَّاك (dallāk).


اریك

Turkish: erik

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *erük (“plum, apricot”); cognate with Bashkir өрөк (örök), Kazakh өрік (örık), Kyrgyz өрүк (örük), Turkmen erik, Uyghur ئۆرۈك (örük) and Uzbek oʻrik.

inh+

Prunus domestica
Prunus domestica#Translingual

plum, the edible, fleshy stone fruit of Prunus domestica


نمك

Turkish: nemek

salt, a common substance chemically consisting of sodium chloride

taste, flavour, especially a sweet or pleasant one

(figuratively) Attic salt, pointed and delicate wit


چاك

Borrowed from Persian چاک (čâk, “crack, fissure”).


چكاد

head

چكاد • (çekâd)

ota-noun

چكاد • (çekâd)

Borrowed from Persian چکاد (čakâd, čekâd, “crown of the head, summit”).


كرم

Turkish: kerem


تركیه

Turkish: Türkiye

Turkey (a country located in eastern Thrace in southeastern Europe and Anatolia in southwestern Asia)


خاكی

Turkish: haki


نازك

head

نازك • (nâzik)

ota-adj

نازك • (nâzik)

Turkish: nazik

From Persian نازک (nâzok, nâzak).
According to Nisanyan the transformation of the final vowel from /u/ or /y/ to /i/ occurred in the 13th century. This form is found in nearly all Turkic borrowings of the word including the more Persianized languages such as Uzbek nozik and Azerbaijani nazik.
See Persian نازک for the list of borrowings.


قاپی

head

قاپی • (kapı)

ota-noun

قاپی • (kapı)

kapı (romanization)
قاپی (nominative singular)
قاپیلر (nominative plural)
قاپینڭ (genitive singular)
قاپیلرڭ (genitive plural)
قاپییه (dative singular)
قاپیلره (dative plural)
قاپییی (accusative definite singular)
قاپیلری (accusative definite plural)
قاپیده (locative singular)
قاپیلرده (locative plural)
قاپیدن (ablative singular)
قاپیلردن (ablative plural)


قلپاق

kalpak (romanization)
قلپاق (nominative singular)
قلپاقلر (nominative plural)
قلپاغڭ (genitive singular)
قلپاقلرڭ (genitive plural)
قلپاغه (dative singular)
قلپاقلره (dative plural)
قلپاغی (accusative definite singular)
قلپاقلری (accusative definite plural)
قلپاقده (locative singular)
قلپاقلرده (locative plural)
قلپاقدن (ablative singular)
قلپاقلردن (ablative plural)

Turkish: kalpak

desc

→ Armenian: խալփախ (xalpʻax), կալփաղ (kalpʻaġ)

→ Bulgarian: калпа́к (kalpák)

→ English: calpack

desctree

→ French: colback
→ Catalan: colbac
→ Italian: colbacco

→ Kazakh: қалпақ (qalpaq)

→ Macedonian: калпак (kalpak)

→ Romanian: calpác

→ Russian: колпак (kolpak)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ка̀лпак

Latin script: kàlpak

→ Tatar: калфак (qalfaq)

→ Ukrainian: ковпа́к (kovpák)

→ Uzbek: qalpoq

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kalpak; cognate with Azerbaijani qalpaq, Bashkir ҡалпаҡ (qalpaq), Chuvash калпак (kalp̬ak, “cap, bonnet, hat”), Kazakh қалпақ (qalpaq), Kumyk къалпакъ (qalpaq), Tatar калпак (qalpaq), Turkmen galpak and Uzbek qalpoq.

cog

calpack, a kind of cap typical of Turkic countries, with a high crown


قورقو

head

قورقو • (korku) (definite accusative قورقویی (korkuyu), plural قورقولر (korkular))

korku (romanization)
قورقویی (accusative definite)
قورقولر (plural)

Turkish: korku

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *korkug (“fear”), a development of *kork- (“to fear”), whence قورقمق (korkmak, “to fear”). Cognate with Azerbaijani qorxu, Southern Altai корку (korku), Turkmen gorky and Uzbek qoʻrquv.

inh+

fear, fright, terror, dread, an unpleasant emotion caused by actual or perceived danger

threat, menace, an indication of potential or imminent danger that can harm a person

danger, peril, hazard, jeopardy, an impending exposure to likely harm, a lack of safety

alarm, a sudden surprise with fear or terror excited by apprehension of danger


قوجه

Possibly a doublet of خواجه (hoca, “teacher, master”), from Persian خواجه (xâje, “lord, master, owner”). Cognate with Bashkir хужа (xuja, “master, owner”), Kazakh қожа (qoja, “host, owner”), Kyrgyz кожо (kojo, “host, owner”), Tatar хуҗа (xuca, “host, owner”), Uyghur خوجا (xoja, “host, owner”) and Uzbek xoʻja (“host, owner”).

bor

old, aged, having existed for a relatively long period of time

large, big, of considerable or relatively great size or extent


قوجه

Turkish: koca

→ Bulgarian: коджа́ (kodžá)

chief, a leader or head of a group of people

husband, a man in a marriage or marital relationship


قولاق

head

قولاق • (kulak) (definite accusative قولاغی (kulağı), plural قولاقلر (kulaklar))

kulak (romanization)
قولاغی (accusative definite)
قولاقلر (plural)

Gagauz: kulak

Turkish: kulak

→ Armenian: խուլախ (xulax)

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish قلاق (qulaq, “ear”), from Proto-Turkic *kulkak (“ear”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰸𐰆𐰞𐰴𐰴 (qulqaq), Azerbaijani qulaq, Bashkir ҡолаҡ (qolaq), Chuvash хӑлха (hălh̬a), Kazakh құлақ (qūlaq), Kyrgyz кулак (kulak), Turkmen gulak, Uyghur قۇلاق (qulaq), Uzbek quloq and Yakut кулгаах (kulgaaq).

inh+

ear, the organ that enables hearing and body balance using the vestibular system

ear, that which resembles in shape or position the ear of an animal, like a lug or a handle

(by extension) hearing, the sense used to perceive sound through an organ, such as the ear


قولاق

Turkish: kolak

From قول (kol, “arm”) + ـاق (-ak, noun and adjective diminutive suffix).

suffix

one-armed, armless, arm-crippled, having lost one or both arms

one-handed, handless, hand-crippled, having lost one or both hands


محراب

head

محراب • (mihrâb)

ota-noun

محراب • (mihrâb)

Turkish: mihrap


نانه

head

نانه • (nane) (definite accusative نانهیی (naneyi), plural نانهلر (naneler))

nane (romanization)
نانهیی (accusative definite)
نانهلر (plural)

Turkish: nane

Borrowed from Arabic نَعْنَاع (naʕnāʕ, “mint”), a word of Hurrian origin.

bor+

mint, any plant in the genus Mentha, typically aromatic with square stems


بوغدای

boğday (romanization)
buğday (romanization)

Turkish: buğday

desc

→ Laz: ბუღდაჲი (buğdayi), ბოღდა (boğda) — Vizha

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *boguday (“wheat”); cognate with Azerbaijani buğda, Bashkir бойҙай (boyźay), Kazakh бидай (bidai), Kyrgyz буудай (buuday), Southern Altai буудай (buuday), Turkmen bugdaý, Uyghur بۇغداي (bughday) and Uzbek bugʻdoy.

inh+

wheat, any of several cereal grains of the genus Triticum


آجیو

Turkish: acyo


آرپه

Turkish: arpa

→ Armenian: արփա (arpʻa)

→ Georgian: არფა (arpa) — Chveneburi

→ Laz: არფა (arpa)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *arpa (“barley”); cognate with Azerbaijani arpa, Bashkir арпа (arpa), Chuvash урпа (urp̬a), Kazakh арпа (arpa), Kyrgyz арпа (arpa), Tatar арпа (arpa), Turkmen arpa and Uzbek arpa.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare#Translingual


آترینه

aterine (romanization)
aterina (romanization)

Turkish: aterina

Borrowed from Greek αθερίνα (atherína, “smelt”), from Ancient Greek ἀθερίνη (atherínē, “smelt”).

der

sandsmelt, any small fish in the genus Atherina


قسم

Turkish: kasem


قسم

kısm (romanization)
vulg. kısım (romanization)

Turkish: kısım


كوپه

head

كوپه • (küpe)

ota-noun

كوپه • (küpe)

Turkish: küpe

From Proto-Turkic *köpe (“coat of mail, earring”).


تقریر

Turkish: takrir


آمیرال

Turkish: amiral

From French amiral, etc., from Medieval Latin amiralis, from Arabic أَمِير (ʔamīr, “commander”) + -alis (“-al”).


هیچ

Turkish: hiç

→ Albanian: hiç

→ Armenian: հիչ (hičʻ)

→ Aromanian: ici, hici

→ Bulgarian: хич (hič)

→ Laz: ჰიჩი (hiçi)

→ Macedonian: ич (ič)

→ Romanian: hici

Borrowed from Iranian Persian هیچ (hič), from Classical Persian هیچ (hēč).


صاعقه

head

صاعقه • (saʿika) (plural صواعق (savaʿik))

Turkish: saika

Borrowed from Arabic صَاعِقَة (ṣāʕiqa, “thunderbolt”).

bor+

thunderbolt, lightning, a discharge of electricity within a cloud


طغرا

head

طغرا • (tuğra) (plural طغرالر (tuğralar))

Turkish: tuğra

desc

→ Armenian: թուռա (tʻuṙa), թուրա (tʻura)

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *tuġraġ (“omen, sign, symbol”). Possibly related with *tuġ (“banner, spearhead symbol”).


استقلال

head

استقلال • (istiklâl)

ota-noun

استقلال • (istiklâl)

Turkish: istiklal

Crimean Tatar: istiqlâl

bor

اِسْتِقْلَال

بر ملتت موجودیت و استقلالنی تأمین ایچون قابل تصور اولان تشبثات و فداكارلغی یادقدن صوكره موفق اولور.

1927 October, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Nutuk, page 129:

Bir millet mevcudiyet ve istiklalını temin için kabil tasavvur olan teşebbüsat ve fedakarlığı yaptıktan sonra muvaffak olur.


تازی

head

تازی • (tazı) (definite accusative تازیی (tazıyı), plural تازیلر (tazılar))

tazı (romanization)
تازیی (accusative definite)
تازیلر (plural)

Turkish: tazı

Borrowed from Persian تازی (tâzi, “a dog breed”), itself from Middle Persian tʾcyk' (tāzīg, “swift, fast”).

der

greyhound, a lean breed of dog which has been bred for coursing, racing and hunting

تازیلاتمق

to make or let become as thin as a greyhound


ون

Perhaps from or related to Persian ون (van, “ash tree”).


طاقت

head

طاقت • (takat) (definite accusative طاقتی (takati), plural طاقتلر (takatlet))

takat (romanization)
طاقتی (accusative definite)
طاقتلر (plural)

Turkish: takat

→ Albanian: takat

desc

→ Armenian: թախատ (tʻaxat), թախաթ (tʻaxatʻ), թախէթ (tʻaxētʻ)

Etymology tree
Arabic طَاقَ (ṭāqa)
Arabic طَاقَة (ṭāqa)bor.
Classical Persian طَاقَت (tāqat)bor.
Ottoman Turkish طَاقَت
Borrowed from Classical Persian طَاقَت (tāqat), borrowed from Arabic طَاقَة (ṭāqa), from طَاقَ (ṭāqa).

etymon

طَاقَت

might, power, vigour, the strength, or force held by a person or group, especially physical strength

endurance, stamina, the energy and strength for continuing to do something over a long period of time


تشكر

head

تشكر • (teşekkür) (definite accusative تشكری (teşekkürü), plural تشکرات (teşekkürat))

teşekkür (romanization)
تشكری (accusative definite)
تشکرات (plural)

Turkish: teşekkür

Borrowed from Arabic تَشَكُّر (tašakkur).


مقدس

Turkish: mukaddes

Borrowed from Arabic مُقَدَّس (muqaddas, “holy, sacred”).

holy, sacred, godly, characterized by solemn religious ceremony or dedicated to a religious purpose

sanctified, hallowed, consecrated, made holy by some procedure, set aside for sacred or ceremonial use


مفتاح

Turkish: miftah

Borrowed from Arabic مِفْتَاح (miftāḥ, “key”).

key, an object designed to open and close a lock


افتتاح

Turkish: iftitah

Borrowed from Arabic اِفْتِتَاح (iftitāḥ).

opening, introduction, inauguration, commencement, the starting off or beginning a thing


محجوب

→ Turkish: mahcup

→⇒ Armenian: Մահջուբյան (Mahǰubyan)

Borrowed from Arabic مَحْجُوب (maḥjūb, “veiled; conceiled, hidden”), from the passive participle of the verb حَجَبَ (ḥajaba, “to veil, hide, conceal”).

veiled, curtained, covered or conceiled by a veil or curtain

ashamed, embarrassed, having a feeling of shameful discomfort

shy, bashful, reserved, disinclined to familiar approach


قاش

head

قاش • (kaş) (definite accusative قاشی (kaşı), plural قاشلر (kaşlar))

kaş (romanization)
قاشی (accusative definite)
قاشلر (plural)

Gagauz: kaş

Turkish: kaş

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kāĺ (“eyebrow; edge”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰴𐱁 (qaš), Azerbaijani qaş, Bashkir ҡаш (qaş), Kazakh қас (qas), Kyrgyz каш (kaş), Turkmen gāş, Uyghur قاش (qash), Uzbek qosh and Yakut хаас (qaas).

inh+

eyebrow, supercilium, the hair that grows above the eye socket

collet, bezel, the rim and flange which encompasses a jewel


قاش

Turkish: Kaş

(historical)

Kaş (a town and district in Antalya province, Turkey)


روم

English: Rum

German: Rum

desc

→ Laz: ურუმი (urumi), რუმი (rumi) — Ortaalan, Lome, Batumi

Swahili: Rum

Turkish: Rum

Borrowed from Arabic رُوم (rūm), الرُّوم (ar-rūm), from Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrom), from Byzantine Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía), from Latin Romani, from Roma (“Rome”). In particular application to central Anatolia, from such use in Seljuk Old Anatolian Turkish.

Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire#English

(historical) Byzantine Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)

(historical) Rum (an eyalet in the Ottoman Empire)

(historical) Various other areas of the Ottoman Empire full of "Roman" (i.e. Byzantine Greek) people, particularly central Anatolia


جاوید

Turkish: Cavit


ترتیب

head

ترتیب • (tertib) (plural ترتیبات (tertibat))

Turkish: tertip

→ Albanian: tertip

→ Bulgarian: терти́п (tertíp)

→ Macedonian: тертип (tertip)

→ Romanian: tertip


دیار

Turkish: diyar

From Arabic دِيَار (diyār), a plural form of دَار (dār).


ولایت

Turkish: vilayet

→ Albanian: vilajet

→ Armenian: վիլայեթ (vilayetʻ)

→ Dutch: vilajet

→ English: vilayet

→ French: vilayet

→ German: Wilajet

→ Hungarian: vilajet

From Persian ولایت (velâyat), derived from Arabic وِلَايَة (wilāya).


سیمین

Turkish: simin

Borrowed from Classical Persian سیمین (sīmīn)


باف

Turkish: Baf

Ultimately from Byzantine Greek Πάφος (Páphos), from Ancient Greek.


سلخ

Turkish: selh

Borrowed from Arabic سِلْخ (silḵ, “hide, skin”).

hide, pelt, the flayed off skin of an animal used by humans for various purposes

slough, the skin shed by a snake or other reptile when the old skin is outgrown

the last day of a lunar month, in reference to the Hijri, the Islamic lunar calendar

plagiarism, the act of copying another person's poem and presenting it as one's own


چنار

head

چنار • (çınar)

ota-noun

چنار • (çınar)

Turkish: çınar

→ Albanian: çinar

→ Armenian: չընար (čʻənar)

→ Bulgarian: чина́р (činár)

→ Greek: τσινάρι (tsinári)

→ Macedonian: чинар (činar)

Borrowed from Persian چنار (čenâr), itself from Middle Persian cynʾl (činār).

Platanus orientalis
Platanus orientalis#Translingual

oriental plane, chinar, any deciduous tree of the species Platanus orientalis


چنار

head

چنار • (çınar)

ota-proper noun

چنار • (çınar)

Turkish: Çınar

(historical)

Çınar (a town and district in Diyarbakır province, Turkey)


ظاهر

Turkish: zahir

Borrowed from Arabic ظَاهِر (ẓāhir, “apparent, visible”).

bor+

obvious, clear, evident, apparent, manifest, visible

external, exterior, relating to the outside parts or surface of something


فن

head

فن • (fenn) (definite accusative فنی (fenni), plural فنون (fünun) or افنان (efnân))

fenn (romanization)
فنی (accusative definite)
فنون (plural)
افنان (plural)

Turkish: fen

Borrowed from Arabic فَنّ (fann, “art”), itself from Classical Persian پند (pand, “knack, trick”).

der

kind, sort, type, variety, a class of entities that have common characteristics such that they may be grouped together

art, the conscious production or arrangement of various elements in a manner that affects the senses and emotions


خسته‌خانه

head

خستهخانه • (hastahane) (plural خستهخانهلر (hastahaneler))

خستهخانه (canonical)
hastahane (romanization)
خستهخانهلر (plural)

Turkish: hastane

desc

خَسْتَخَانَة

→ Iraqi Arabic: خَسْتَخَانَة (ḵastaḵāna)

خَسْتَخَانَة

→ North Levantine Arabic: خَسْتَخَانَة (ḵastaḵāna)

→ Armenian: հաստաանէ (hastaanē), խաստախանա (xastaxana)

→ Crimean Tatar: hastahane

Borrowed from Classical Persian خَسْتَهخَانَه (xasta-xāna).

bor+

خَسْتَهخَانَه


لشكر

head

لشكر • (leşker) (definite accusative لشكری (leşkeri), plural لشكریان (leşkeriyan) or لشكرلر (leşkerler))

leşker (romanization)
لشكری (accusative definite)
لشكریان (plural)
لشكرلر (plural)

Turkish: leşker

Borrowed from Persian لشکر (laškar, “army”), from Middle Persian lškl (/laškar/). Doublet of عسكر (ʼasker, “army; soldier”).

doublet

army, a highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground operations


عسكر

head

عسكر • (ʼasker) (definite accusative عسكری (ʼaskeri), plural عساكر (ʼasakir) or عسكرلر (ʼaskerler))

ʼasker (romanization)
عسكری (accusative definite)
عساكر (plural)
عسكرلر (plural)

Turkish: asker

→ Azerbaijani: əsgər

→ Bashkir: ғәскәр (ğəskər)

desc

→ Armenian: ասկեր (asker), ասքար (askʻar), ասկյար (askyar)

→ Bulgarian: аске́р (askér)

→ Crimean Tatar: asker

→ Greek: ασκέρι (askéri)

⇒ Indonesian: laskar

→ Kazakh: әскер (äsker)

→ Kyrgyz: аскер (asker)

→ Ladino: asker

→ Laz: ასქერი (askeri), ასკერი (asǩeri) — Atina, Vizha, Artasheni

→ Malay:

Latin script: askar

Arabic script: عسکر

→ Macedonian: аскер (asker)

⇒ Northern Kurdish: leşker

→ Russian: аске́р (askér), эске́р (eskér)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: а̏скер

Latin script: ȁsker

→ Tajik: аскар (askar)

→ Tatar: гаскәр (ğaskär)

→ Turkmen: esger

→ Uyghur: ئەسكەر (esker)

→ Uzbek: askar

Borrowed from Arabic عَسْكَر (ʕaskar, “army, soldiers”), probably from Middle Persian lškl (/laškar/). Doublet of لشكر (leşker, “army”).

bor+

مرزیفون و صامسونده انكلیز عسكرلری بولونیور.

1927 October, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Nutuk, page 5:

There are British soldiers in Merzifon and Samsun.

Merzifon ve Samsun'da ingiliz askerleri bulunuyor.

soldier, a member of a ground-based army, of any rank, especially an enlisted one

troop, any large group or detachment of soldiers usually commanded by a captain