خط

→ Turkish: hat

→ Laz: ჰათთი (hatti)

یونانلیلر، ۲۲ حزیران ٣٣٦ده (میلن) خطندن عمومی تعرضه كچدیلر.

1927 October, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Nutuk, page 341:

Yunanlılar, 22 haziran 336'da Milne hattından umumî ta'arruza geçtiler.


اوطه

head

اوطه • (oda)

ota-noun

اوطه • (oda)

Gagauz: oda

Turkish: oda

→ Albanian: odë

→ Arabic:

Egyptian Arabic: أوضة (ʔōḍa)

North Levantine Arabic: أوضة (ʔūḍa)

South Levantine Arabic: أوضة (ʔōḍa)

→ Armenian: օտա (ōta), օ̈դա (öda)

→ Bulgarian: одая́ (odajá)

→ Crimean Tatar: oda

→ Greek: οντάς (ontás)

Kurdish:

→ Northern Kurdish: ode

→ Central Kurdish: ھۆدە (hode)

→ Macedonian: одаја (odaja)

→ Romanian: odaie

→ Hungarian: hodály

→ Serbo-Croatian: òdaja / о̀даја

→ Zazaki: ode, oda

Vulgar spelling of Ottoman Turkish اوتاق (otak), ultimately from Proto-Turkic *ōtag.


قلعه

head

قلعه • (kalʼa or kalʼe) (definite accusative قلعهیی (kalʼeyi), plural قلاع (kılâʼ))

kalʼa (romanization)
kalʼe (romanization)
قلعهیی (accusative definite)
قلاع (plural)

Turkish: kale

→ Albanian: kala

desc

→ Armenian: խալէ (xalē), ղալա (ġala), կալա (kala)

→ Bulgarian: кале́ (kalé)

→ Macedonian: кале (kale)

→ Ubykh: ӄ'ала (q̣ala)

Borrowed from Persian قلعه (qal'e), from Arabic قَلْعَة (qalʕa).

(military) square, a body of troops drawn up in a square formation, used in combat by infantry units


اذن

head

اذن • (izn or izin) (definite accusative اذنی (izni), plural اذنلر (iznler))

izn (romanization)
izin (romanization)
اذنی (accusative definite)
اذنلر (plural)

Turkish: izin

→ Macedonian: изим (izim), изин (izin)

Borrowed from Arabic إِذْن (ʔiḏn, “permission, authorization”), verbal noun from أَذِنَ (ʔaḏina, “to give permission”).

bor+

(military) discharge, dismissal, the act of releasing a member of the army


خندق

head

خندق • (hendek) (definite accusative خندقی (hendeki), plural خنادق (henadik))

hendek (romanization)
خندقی (accusative definite)
خنادق (plural)

Turkish: hendek

→ Albanian: hendek

desc

→ Aromanian: hãndac, hãnacup, hãndachi, hindechi, endec, endecu

→ Middle Armenian: խէնտէկ (xēntēk), խէնդէկ (xēndēk)

→ Romanian: hindichi

→ Serbo-Croatian: јѐндек / jendek

Borrowed from Persian خندق (xandaq), itself from Arabic خَنْدَق (ḵandaq, “trench, moat”), ultimately from Middle Persian *handag.

دوهیه خندق آتلاتمق

to force an obstinate man to do a thing; to make a camel leap a ditch

(military) trench, a narrow excavation as used in warfare


سد

sedd (romanization)
set (romanization)
südd (romanization)
süt (romanization)

Turkish: set

(military) terrace, a sort of cavalier which was carried to a great height in order to overlook and command the walls of a town, such as is constructed by means of mantelets which stand very high to cover from arrows


بلوك

head

بلوك • (bölük)

Turkish: bölük

→ Albanian: bylyk

→ Arabic: بُلُوك (bulūk)

→ Armenian: բոլուկ (boluk)

desc

→ Bulgarian: билю́к (biljúk), бюлю́к (bjuljúk)

→ Greek: μπουλούκι (bouloúki)

→ Macedonian: булук (buluk)

→ Romanian: buluc

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бу̀љук

Latin script: bùljuk

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bȫlük (“part, fraction, section”), from *bȫl- (“to divide, separate, distinguish”); cognate with Azerbaijani bölük, Kazakh бөлік (bölık), Kyrgyz бөлүк (bölük), Southern Altai бӧлӱк (bölük), Tuvan бөлүк (bölük).

inh

(military) company of infantry, commanded by a captain

(military) squadron of cavalry, comprising two companies


پایه

Turkish: paye

Borrowed from Persian پایه (pâye, “base, basis, foundation; grade”), a derivation from پای (pây, “foot”).

bor+

(military) rank, grade, a hierarchical level in a military organization


جبهه

Turkish: cephe

یونان تعرضی و ملی جبههلرك بوزولمسی ، مجلسده بیوك بحرانی و شدتلی تعریضات و تنقیداتی موجب اولدی.

Yunan ta'arruzu ve milli cebheleriñ bozulması, mecliste büyük buhranı ve şiddetli ta'rizatı ve tenkidatı mucib oldu.


رجعت

Turkish: ricat


لوا

Turkish: liva

Borrowed from Arabic لِوَاء (liwāʔ, “flag, banner, standard”).

(military) brigade, a military unit composed of several regiments


طابور

Arabic: طَابُور (ṭābūr)

desc

Armenian: թապուր (tʻapur), թաբուռ (tʻabuṙ)

Spanish: tabor

Turkish: tabur

Cognate with Crimean Tatar tabur (“battalion”), Chagatai [script needed] (tapkur, “fortification”), [script needed] (tabɣur, “belt, fence”).
Compare the Turkic borrowings: Czech tábor, Slovak tábor, Polish tabor, Serbo-Croatian tȃbor / та̑бор, Bulgarian табор (tabor), Old East Slavic та́бар (tábar, “Turkish camp”), Russian та́бор (tábor), dialectal та́бырь (tábyrʹ, “herd of reindeer”), Ukrainian та́бір (tábir), Hungarian tábor, Romanian tabără, English tabor. Has also been compared to Old Armenian թափօր (tʻapʻōr, “religious procession”).

cog

(military) square (body of troops in a square formation)


امداد

head

امداد • (imdad) (definite accusative امدادی (imdadı), plural امدادلر (imdadlar))

imdad (romanization)
امدادی (accusative definite)
امدادلر (plural)

Turkish: imdat

→ Armenian: իմտատ (imtat)

Borrowed from Arabic إِمْدَاد (ʔimdād, “supply, provision, support”).

bor+

(military) reinforcement, additional troops or materiel sent to support a military action


قونداق

kundak (romanization)
kondak (romanization)

Turkish: kundak

→ Albanian: kondak

desc

→ Arabic: قَنْدَاق (qandāq), قَنْدَق (qandaq)

→ Armenian: խունտախ (xuntax), կոնդաղ (kondaġ), ղոնդաղ (ġondaġ)

→ Aromanian: cundáchie

→ Bulgarian: конда́к (kondák)

→ Georgian: კონდახი (ḳondaxi)

→ Greek: κοντάκι (kontáki)

→ Macedonian: кундак (kundak)

→ Persian: قنداق (qondâq), غنداق (ğondâq), قنداغ (qondâğ), قنداقه (qondâqe)

→ Romanian: condác

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ку̀ндак

Latin script: kùndak

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek κοντάκιον (kontákion), diminutive of Byzantine Greek κόνταξ (kóntax, “pole”), diminutive of Ancient Greek κοντός (kontós, “pole”).

(firearms) gun carriage, mount of a cannon


طوقماق

head

طوقماق • (tokmak) (definite accusative طوقماغی (tokmağı), plural طوقماقلر (tokmaklar))

tokmak (romanization)
طوقماغی (accusative definite)
طوقماقلر (plural)

Turkish: tokmak

→ Albanian: tokmak

→ Arabic:

→ Egyptian Arabic: دُقْمَاق (duʔmāʔ)

desc

→ North Levantine Arabic: دُقْمَاق (duʔmāʔ)

→ Yemeni Arabic: طِقْمَاق (ṭigmāg)

→ Armenian: թոխմախ (tʻoxmax)

→ Bulgarian: токма́к (tokmák)

→ Ladino: tokmak

→ Macedonian: токмак (tokmak)

→ Romanian: tocmac

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: то̀кмак

Latin script: tòkmak

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tokïmak (“club, mallet”), perhaps a derivation from *tokï- (“to hit, strike”).

inh+

(firearms) hammer, a moving part of a firearm that strikes the firing pin to discharge a gun


چاوش

head

چاوش • (çavuş, çauş)

ota-noun

چاوش • (çavuş, çauş)

çavuş (romanization)
çauş (romanization)

Turkish: çavuş

desc

→ Arabic: جَاوِيش (jāwīš)

→ Arabic: جَاوِيش (jāwīš), → Arabic: شاويش

→ Armenian: չավուշ (čʻavuš)

→ Albanian: çaush

→ Aromanian: čiaúš

→ Bulgarian: чау́ш (čaúš)

→ English: chiaus

→ French: chaoux

→ Byzantine Greek: τσαούσης (tsaoúsēs), τζαούσιος (tzaoúsios), τζάσις (tzásis)

Greek: τσαούσης (tsaoúsis)

→ Venetan: Zassi, Çassi

→ Latin: ciausius

→ Macedonian: ча́уш (čáuš)

چاوش / چاووش

→ Persian: چاوش / چاووش (čâvuš)

→ Persian: چاوش / چاووش (čâvuš)

→ Romanian: ceaúș

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ча̏ӯш

Latin script: čȁūš

From Common Turkic *čabïš, from earlier *čabïĺ(č). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰲𐰉𐰾 (čabïš, “army commander”), Karakhanid [script needed] (čavïš, “the officer in battle who marshals the ranks”).


طبانجه

Turkish: tabanca

→ Egyptian Arabic: طبنجة (ṭabanga)

desc

→ North Levantine Arabic: طبنجة (ṭabanje)

→ Armenian: տապանճա (tapanča), տաբանջա (tabanǰa), թափանջա (tʻapʻanǰa), դաբանչա (dabančʻa)

→ Georgian: დამბაჩა (dambača)

→ Northern Kurdish: demance, damance, damançe, dabance, dabançe, damance, damançe, dapance, dapançe, davance, davançe, dawance, dawançe, debance, debançe, demançe, depance, depançe, devance, devançe, dewance, dewançe

→ Ossetian: дамбаца (dambaca)

desctree

→ Persian: تپانچه (tapânče), طپانچه (tapânče) (dated spelling), تپنچه (tapanče), تمنچه (tamanča), تفنگچه (tufangča) (Dari)
→ Azerbaijani: tapança
→ Armenian: թափանչա (tʻapʻančʻa), թարփանչա (tʻarpʻančʻa)
→ Gujarati: તમંચો (tamañco)
→ Hindustani:
Urdu: تَپَنْچَہ (tapanca), تَمَنْچَہ (tamanca)
Hindi: तमंचा (tamañcā)
→ Kazakh: тапанша (tapanşa)
→ Pashto: تمانچه (tamānčá), تومانچه (tomānčá), تپانچه (tapānčá), توپنچه (topančá)
→ Uyghur: تاپانچا (tapancha)
→ Uzbek: toʻpponcha

From طبان (taban, “sole of a foot”) + ـجه (-ca).

suffix

(firearms) trigger, lock of a gun, what the hand reaches for on a firearm to launch it


قاچاق

head

قاچاق • (kaçak) (definite accusative قاچاغی (kaçağı), plural قاچاقلر (kaçaklar))

kaçak (romanization)
قاچاغی (accusative definite)
قاچاقلر (plural)

Turkish: kaçak

desc

→ Armenian: խաչախ (xačʻax), կաչախ (kačʻax), կաչաղ (kačʻaġ)

Inherited from Common Turkic *kačgak (“escape”), a derivation from the root *kač- (“to flee, escape”), whence قاچمق (kaçmak, “to flee, escape”). Cognate with Azerbaijani qaçaq, Kazakh қашақ (qaşaq), Uyghur قاچاق (qachaq) and Uzbek qochoq.

inh+

(military) deserter, a person who abandoned a military duty or post with the intention of not returning


خرتوج

Turkish: hartuç

From French cartouche, perhaps via German Kartusche.


سفربر

Turkish: seferber

Borrowed from Persian سفربر (safarbar, “who undertakes a journey, ready to travel”).

bor+

سفربر وصیتنامهسی


بطاریه

head

بطاریه • (batarya) (definite accusative بطاریهیی (bataryayı), plural بطاریهلر (bataryalar))

batarya (romanization)
بطاریهیی (accusative definite)
بطاریهلر (plural)

Turkish: batarya

From Venetan bataria (Italian batteria).


ریاله

Turkish: riyale

(military, nautical) An admiral's rank of the older Ottoman Empire.

(military, nautical) The admiral's flagship.


فرقه

فرقه • (fırka)

Turkish: fırka

From Arabic فِرْقَة (firqa, “part; section; group”).

bor

قوتلری آلتی فرقهیه بالغ اولمش بولونیوردی. اوچ فرقه ایله ایكی قولدن آقحصار ـ صوما استقامتنده ؛ ایكی فرقه ایله صالحلی استقامتنده ؛ بر فرقه ایلهده آیدین جبههسندن تعرض ایتدیلر.

Kuvvetleri altı fırkaya baliğ olmuş bulunuyordı. Üç fırka ile iki koldan Akhisar – Soma istikametinde; iki fırka ile Salihli istimaketinde; bir fırka ile de Aydın cebhesinden ta'aruz ettiler.


آلابانده

Turkish: alabanda

→ Greek: αλαμπάντα (alampánta)

From Italian alla (“to the”) banda (“side”), analyzed as one word.

(nautical, military) broadside (guns on one side of a ship)


طپه

Turkish: tıpa, tapa

→ Albanian: tapë

→ Armenian: թափա (tʻapʻa)

→ Bulgarian: та́па (tápa)

→ Greek: τάπα (tápa)

→ Macedonian: тапа (tapa)

→ Romanian: tapă


افراد

efrad (romanization)
efrat (romanization)

Turkish: efrat

From Arabic فَرْد (fard, “an individual”).

تسالیا غازیلرندن طربزون الاینه منسوب افراد شاهانهنك دائرهٔ حكومت پیشكاهنه قورولان طاق ظفردن مرورلری

1898 July 2, photo caption on cover of Servet-i Fünun

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Tesalya gazilerinden Trabizon alayına mensub efrad şahanenin daire-i hükûmet pişgah kurulan tak-i zaferden mürurları

(military) privates, recruits, soldiers (distinguished from officers)


برلك

Turkish: birlik

From بر (bir, “one”) + ـلك (-lik, “-ness”).


قوماندان

Turkish: kumandan


قایمقام

Turkish: kaymakam

→ English: kaymakam

→ French: caïmakam

→ Hungarian: kajmakám

→ Romanian: caimacam

From Arabic قَائِم (qāʔim) + مَقَام (maqām).

(military) A rank of field officer: lieutenant colonel or a junior captain.


مرتبه

head

مرتبه • (mertebe) (plural مراتب (meratib))

Turkish: mertebe

Borrowed from Arabic مَرْتَبَة (martaba, “step, rank, degree”).


آلای

Turkish: alay

→ Armenian: ալայ (alay)

desc

→ Laz: ალაჲი (alayi), ⇒ ალაჲიცო (alayiʒo)

→ Northern Kurdish: alayî

→ Romanian: alai


طورپیدو

Turkish: torpido

قوای بحریهمز یدی sloop و آلتی طورپیدویی تجاوز ایتمیهجك و هیچ بر طیاره و قابل سوق بالونمز اولمیهجقدر.

1927 October, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Nutuk, page 578:

Kuva-i bahriyemiz yedi sloop ve altı torpidoyu tecavüz etmeyecek ve hiç bir tayyare ve kabil-i sevk balonumuz olmayacaktır.


مفرزه

Turkish: müfreze

Feminine of مفرز (müfrez, “separated”), from Arabic مُفْرَز (mufraz).


استحكامات

Plural of استحكام (istihkam), from Arabic اِسْتِحْكَام (istiḥkām), verbal noun of اِسْتَحْكَمَ (istaḥkama, “to be strong, become stronger”).

der

اِسْتِحْكَام

Arabic اِسْتِحْكَام (istiḥkām)


چورباجی

head

چورباجی • (çorbacı)

desc

Turkish: çorbacı (“soup vendor, Christian member of the rural elite”)

Bulgarian: чорбаджия (čorbadžija, “wealthy peasant, kulak, boss”)

Greek: τσορμπατζής (tsormpatzís, “wealthy peasant, village mayor”)

Armenian: չորպաճի (čʻorpači, “wealthy peasant”) (Western Armenian), Չորբաջյան (Čʻorbaǰyan)

Macedonian: чорбаџија (čorbadžija, “wealthy peasant, boss”)

Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чорбаџија (“wealthy peasant”)

Latin script: čorbadžija

چوربا (çorba, “soup”) + ـجی (-cı, “occupational suffix”)

affix

(military) official title for a colonel of the Janissaries


كرپی

Turkish: kirpi

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kirpi (“hedgehog”); cognate with Azerbaijani kirpi, Bashkir терпе (terpe), Chuvash чӗрӗп (čĕrĕp), Kazakh кірпі (kırpı), Kyrgyz кирпи (kirpi), Turkmen kirpi, Uyghur كىرپە (kirpe) and Uzbek kirpi.

inh+

(military) cheval de frise, an obstacle made of wood with spikes


استحكام

istihkam (romanization)
استحكامات (plural)

Turkish: istihkâm

From Arabic اِسْتِحْكَام (istiḥkām), from ح ك م (ḥ-k-m).

der

اِسْتِحْكَام

Arabic اِسْتِحْكَام (istiḥkām)


بیكباشی

head

بیڭباشی • (biñbaşı)

بیڭباشی (canonical)
biñbaşı (romanization)

Turkish: binbaşı

desc

→ Armenian: պինպաշի (pinpaši), բինբաշի (binbaši)

→ Egyptian Arabic: بكباشي (bimbashi)

→ English: binbashi, bimbashi

→ Macedonian: бимбашија (bimbašija)

→ Serbo-Croatian: bȉmbaša, би̏мбаша

→ Swahili: bimbashi

بیڭ (biñ, “thousand”) + باش (baş, “leader”)

compound

(military) battalion commander, major (army rank)

(military, nautical) commander (navy rank)


طوپجی

head

طوپجی • (topçu)

Turkish: topçu

desc

→ Armenian: թոփչի (tʻopʻčʻi), ⇒ Թոփչյան (Tʻopʻčʻyan)

→ Romanian: topciu

From طوپ (top, “cannon, artillery”) + ـجی (-çu, “occupational suffix”).

affix

(military) gunner, artilleryman, a soldier enlisted in an artillery unit or who uses artillery


انداخت

From a form of Persian انداختن (andâxtan).


مویلی

Turkish: muylu

(military) trunnion (bearing of a cannon)


تحكیمات

Turkish: tahkimat

Plural of Arabic تَحْكِيم (taḥkīm). The military sense arose in Ottoman Turkish.


اونباشی

head

اونباشی • (onbaşı)

Turkish: onbaşı

desc

→ Armenian: օնպաշի (ōnpaši), օնբաշի (ōnbaši)


ضایعات

head

ضایعات • (zayiat) (definite accusative ضایعاتی (zayiatı))

zayiat (romanization)
ضایعاتی (accusative definite)

Turkish: zayiat

Pseudo-Arabism, derived from ضَائِع (ḍāʔiʕ), active participle of ضَاعَ (ḍāʕa).

pseudo-loan

بو دشمن قارشیسنده بولنان ۲۳ نجی فرقه و ملی قوتلرمز ، چوق ضایعاته و ضعفه اوغرادی!

Bu duşman karşısında bulunan 23'ncü firka ve millî kuvvetlerimiz çok zayiata ve zaafa uğradı!


میرآلای

Turkish: miralay

→ Armenian: միրալայ (miralay)

→ Romanian: miralai

From میر (mir, “leader”) + آلای (alay, “regiment”).


پهلو

Turkish: pehlu

Borrowed from Persian پهلو (pahlû, “side, flank”).

bor+

(military) flank, the extreme left or right edge of an army


مایین

head

مایین • (mayın) (plural مایینالر (mayınlar))

Turkish: mayın

From English mine, from Old French mine, from Late Latin mina, from Gaulish, from Proto-Celtic *meinis (“ore, metal”).


شرانپول

شرانپول • (şaranpol)

ota-noun

شرانپول • (şaranpol)

Turkish: şarampol

→ Albanian: sharapoll

Borrowed from Hungarian sorompó (“boom barrier, boom gate”), itself from Bavarian schrancpaum (“barrier”), a compound of schranc (“gate, barrier”) + paum (“tree”).

bor+

(military) stockade, palisade, an enclosure protected by a wall of wooden posts


جریده

head

جریده • (ceride) (definite accusative جریدهیی (cerideyi), plural جرائد (cerâʼid))

ceride (romanization)
جریدهیی (accusative definite)
جرائد (plural)

Turkish: ceride

Borrowed from Arabic جَرِيدَة (jarīda, “detachment; newspaper”).

bor+

(military) detachment, a unit, fleet, or army separated from the main body for a particular purpose or mission