رسم

head

رسم • (resm, resim) (plural رسوم (rusum))

resm (romanization)
resim (romanization)
رسوم (plural)

Turkish: resim

Borrowed from Arabic رَسْم (rasm, “drawing, sketch”).

bor+

duty, tariff, customs, a government-imposed tax placed on imports or exports


زندان

zından (romanization)
zindan (romanization)

Turkish: zindan

→ Albanian: zindan

→ Aromanian: zindáne, zundáne, zãndáne

→ Bulgarian: занда́н (zandán)

→ Macedonian: зандана (zandana)

→ Romanian: zandán

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зѝнда̄н

Latin script: zìndān


امر

head

امر • (emr, emir) (definite accusative امری (emri, emiri), plural اوامر (evâmir))

emr (romanization)
emir (romanization)
امری (accusative definite)
اوامر (plural)

Turkish: emir

Borrowed from Arabic أَمْر (ʔamr, “order, command”), verbal noun of أَمَرَ (ʔamara, “to order, command”).

bor+

decree, edict, a proclamation issued by a head of state or monarch, according to some procedures


قانون

head

قانون • (kanun) (accusative definite قانونی (kanunu), plural قوانین (kavanin) or قانونلر (kanunlar))

kanun (romanization)
قانونی (accusative definite)
قوانین (plural)
قانونلر (plural)

Turkish: kanun

→ Albanian: kanun

desctree

→ Armenian: քանոն (kʻanon)
→ English: kanon

→ English: qanun

From Arabic قَانُون (qānūn), from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn).

law (of man, as distinct from the law of God)


قان

head

قان • (kan) (definite accusative قانی (kanı), plural قانلر (kanlar))

kan (romanization)
قانی (accusative definite)
قانلر (plural)

Turkish: kan

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kān (“blood”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰴𐰣 (qan), Azerbaijani qan, Bashkir ҡан (qan), Chuvash юн (jun), Kazakh қан (qan), Kyrgyz кан (kan), Turkmen gan, Uyghur قان (qan), Uzbek qon and Yakut хаан (qaan).

inh+

(by extension) bloodshed, bloodbath, carnage, any slaughter on a large scale


قرار

Turkish: karar

desc

→ Armenian: խարար (xarar), ղարար (ġarar), կարար (karar)

→ Ladino: karar


دستور

head

دستور • (düstur) (definite accusative دستوری (düsturu), plural دستورلر (düsturlar))

düstur (romanization)
دستوری (accusative definite)
دستورلر (plural)

Turkish: düstur

Borrowed from Arabic دُسْتُور (dustūr, “rule, set of rules”), from Persian دستور (dastur, “command, order”).

bor

(law) code, a systematic collection of statutes set forth by a process of codification


سجل

Turkish: sicil

desc

→ Armenian: սիջիլ (siǰil), սիճիլ (sičil)

Borrowed from Arabic سِجِلّ (sijill), which in turn derives from Latin sigillum (“seal; sealed document”).

der

judicial record where public acts are registered


نزاع

head

نزاع • (nizaʼ)

ota-noun

نزاع • (nizaʼ)

Turkish: niza

Borrowed from Arabic نِزَاع (nizāʕ, “quarrel, dispute”), verbal noun of نَازَعَ (nāzaʕa, “to struggle with, to contest”).

bor+

(law) litigation, the conduct of a lawsuit


حبس

haps (romanization)
hapis (romanization)

Turkish: hapis

→ Adyghe: хьэпс (ḥɛps)

→ Albanian: haps

desc

→ Armenian: հափը՛ս (hapʻə́s), հափս (hapʻs)

→ Aromanian: hápse, hápsã, hápsi

→ Bulgarian: апс (aps)

→ Greek: χάψη (chápsi)

→ Macedonian: апс (aps)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ха̏пс

Latin script: hȁps


كمرك

head

كمرك • (gümrük)

ota-noun

كمرك • (gümrük)

Turkish: gümrük

→ Egyptian Arabic: جمرك (gumruk)

→ Arabic: جُمْرُك (jumruk)

→ Hijazi Arabic: جمرك (jumruk)

→ Azerbaijani: gömrük

→ Crimean Tatar: gümrük

→ Persian: گمرک (gomrok)

→ Serbo-Croatian: đùmruk

From Byzantine Greek κομμέρκιον (kommérkion), itself from Latin commercium (“trade, commerce, exchange”).


قاشر

head

قاشر • (kaşer)

ota-noun

قاشر • (kaşer)

Turkish: kaşer, koşer

bor

Hebrew כָּשֵׁר (kāšēr)

kosher, lawful to eat according to the religious law of the Jews


تقاص

(law) A mutual exercise of the law of reprisal (lex talionis).


خراج

head

خراج • (harac) (definite accusative خراجی (haracı), plural اخراج (ahrac))

harac (romanization)
خراجی (accusative definite)
اخراج (plural)

Turkish: haraç

desc

→ Bulgarian: хара́ч (haráč), хара́дж (harádž)

→ Greek: χαράτσι (charátsi)

→ Hungarian: harács

→ Macedonian: арач (arač)

→ Polish: haracz

→ Romanian: haraci

→ Serbo-Croatian: hàrāč / ха̀ра̄ч

Borrowed from Arabic خَرَاج (ḵarāj, “public levy; tribute”).

bor+

poll tax, capitation, head tax, a tax determined as a uniform, fixed amount per individual


حبسخانه

hapshane (romanization)
hapishane (romanization)

Turkish: hapishane

→ Albanian: hapsane, hapsanë

→ Armenian: հափսանա (hapʻsana)

desc

→ Aromanian: hãpseáne, hãpsáne, hãpsáni, hãpsanáu

→ Bulgarian: апсана́ (apsaná), хапсана́ (hapsaná)

→ Macedonian: апсана (apsana)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хапса̀на

Latin script: hapsàna

From Persian حبسخانه (habsxâne), equivalent to حبس (habs, “imprisonment”) + خانه (hane, “house”).


حبسخانه‌جی

حبسخانهجی (canonical)
hapshaneci (romanization)
hapishaneci (romanization)

Turkish: hapishaneci

→ Albanian: hapsanxhi

→ Aromanian: hapsãngí

desc

→ Bulgarian: апсанджи́я (apsandžíja), хапсанджи́я (hapsandžíja)

→ Macedonian: апсанџија (apsandžija)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хапса̀нџија, апса̀нџија

Latin script: hapsàndžija, апса̀нџија

حبسخانه (hapshane, hapishane, “prison”) + ـجی (ci, occupational suffix).


سورسات

head

سورسات • (sürsat)

ota-noun

سورسات • (sürsat)

→ Turkish: sürsat

requisitions, contributions raised by the army on the route of war


جزیه

Turkish: cizye

Borrowed from Arabic جِزْيَة (jizya, “jizya”).

(Islam) jizya, a per capita tax levied on a section of an Islamic state's non-Muslim citizens


محكمه

mahkeme (romanization)
mehkeme (romanization)

Turkish: mahkeme

Crimean Tatar: makeme

Romanian: mahcheme

Borrowed from Arabic مَحْكَمَة (maḥkama, “tribunal”)


قاضی

head

قاضی • (kadı)

ota-noun

قاضی • (kadı)

English: kadi

Macedonian: кадија (kadija)

Turkish: kadı

Romanian: cadiu

bor

Arabic قَاضِي (qāḍī)


وكالت

vekalet (romanization)
vikalet (romanization)

Turkish: vekâlet


ابرالشمق

Compare Arabic أَبَرَّ (ʔabarra, “to perform, to execute, to confirm by fulfilment”), أَبْرَأ (ʔabraʔ, “innocent”).

m+

(law) to execute a mutual release of claims


مرعی

Turkish: meri

From Arabic مَرْعِيّ (marʕiyy), passive participle of رَعَى (raʕā, “to take care of, protect; to tend (a flock)”).


یارغو

head

یارغو • (yarğı)

ota-noun

یارغو • (yarğı)

Turkish: yargı

→ Armenian: յարգի (yargi)

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *yạr- (“to judge, order; call, announcement”); cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (yarɣu), Kazakh жарғы (jarğy), etc.

inh

(law) lawsuit, action, a pleading of litigants before a judge


شریعت

head

شریعت • (şeriʼat) (definite accusative شریعتی (şeriʼatı), plural شرائغ (şeraiʼ))

şeriʼat (romanization)
شریعتی (accusative definite)
شرائغ (plural)

Turkish: şeriat

→ Albanian: sheriat

→ Bulgarian: шериат (šeriat)

→ English: sheriat

→ French: chériat

→ German: Scheriat

→ Italian: sceriat

→ Macedonian: шеријат (šerijat)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шерѝјат

Latin script: šerìjat

Borrowed from Arabic شَرِيعَة (šarīʕa, “shari'a, law”).

bor+

(Islam) shari'a, the traditional Islamic religious law primarily based on the Quran, but also the hadith and tafsir


الغا

Turkish: ilga

der

Arabic إِلْغَاء (ʔilḡāʔ)


باج

Turkish: bac

→ Serbo-Croatian: bádža / ба́џа

tribute, tax, especially a transit duty, a toll


ایپلكخانه

A compound of ایپلك (iplik, “thread, yarn”) + خانه (hâne, “place”).

com

prison or penitentiary in which prisoners where employed in spinning


اسرب

Borrowed from Persian اسرب (osrob), a variant of سرب (sorb, “lead”).

seal applied for transit in a custom house


بالقخانه

head

بالقخانه • (balıkhane)

ota-noun

بالقخانه • (balıkhane)

Turkish: balıkhane

→ Armenian: պալըխանա (paləxana)

A compound of بالق (balık, “fish”) + خانه (hâne, “place”).

com

(historical) the custom house for dues on fish brought to market in Istanbul


عرفی

Turkish: örfi

(law) conventional, customary (in accordance with, or established by, custom or common usage)

(law) extrajudicial, sovereign, arbitrary


جهت

Turkish: cihet

(religion, law) post in a religious foundation


قضا

Turkish: kaza

→ Albanian: kaza

→ Armenian: խազա (xaza), կա̈զա̈ (käzä)

→ Bulgarian: кааза̀ (kaazà)

→ English: kaza

→ French: casa

→ Greek: καζάς (kazás)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: каза

Latin script: kaza

From Arabic قَضَاء (qaḍāʔ, “judgement; jurisdiction”).

قضالق

extent of country sufficient for a district

(law) judgment, the decision or sentence of a judge


مرابحه

Turkish: murabaha

Borrowed from Arabic مُرَابَحَة (murābaḥa, “usury”).

bor+

usury, an exorbitant rate of interest, in excess of any legal rates

usury, the practice of lending money at such rates


قوزغونجق

Turkish: kuzguncuk

From قوزغون (kuzgun, “raven”) + ـجق (-cuk, diminutive suffix).

affix

the small grilled window or wicket in the gate of a prison


فذلكه

Turkish: fezleke

From Arabic فَذْلَكَة (faḏlaka), contraction of فَ ذَالِكَ (fa ḏālika).

(law) police report; summary of questioning


پرانقه

Turkish: pranga

→ Albanian: pranga

desc

→ Armenian: փըռանկա (pʻəṙanka) — Constantinople

Borrowed from Italian branca (“claw, talon; branch”).

bor+

penitentiary, penal colony, a prison where inmates are forced to labour


صوچ

Turkish: suç

desc

→ Armenian: սուչ (sučʻ), սուջ (suǰ), սուճ (suč)

→ Iraqi Arabic: صوچ (ṣūç)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *suč (“fault; sin”), a development of *su- (“to bend, deviate”). Cognate with Azerbaijani suç.

inh+

crime, misdeed, offence, any act committed in violation of the law


محكوم له

head

مَحْكُومٌ لَه

مَحْكُومٌ لَه • (mahkûmün leh)

ota-noun

مَحْكُومٌ لَه

مَحْكُومٌ لَه • (mahkûmün leh)

مَحْكُومٌ لَه (canonical)
mahkûmün leh (romanization)

Turkish: mahkumunleh

Borrowed from Arabic مَحْكُومٌ لَه (maḥkūmun lah)

bor+

مَحْكُومٌ لَه


محكوم علیه

head

مَحْكُومٌ عَلَیْه

مَحْكُومٌ عَلَیْه • (mahkûmün aleyh)

ota-noun

مَحْكُومٌ عَلَیْه

مَحْكُومٌ عَلَیْه • (mahkûmün aleyh)

مَحْكُومٌ عَلَیْه (canonical)
mahkûmün aleyh (romanization)

Turkish: mahkumunaleyh

Borrowed from Arabic مَحْكُومٌ عَلَيْه (maḥkūmun ʕalayh)

bor+

مَحْكُومٌ عَلَيْه


طومروق

Turkish: tomruk

→ Albanian: tumrruk

→ Armenian: թօմրուխ (tʻōmrux)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tomuruk (“bud; log”), a development of *tomur- (“to swell, to become round”).

inh+

(figuratively) prison, a place where people are held against their will


ضبطیه

Turkish: zaptiye

→ Armenian: զապթիյէ (zaptʻiyē)

→ Bulgarian: заптие (zaptie)

→ English: zaptieh

→ French: zaptieh

→ Italian: zaptiè

→ Romanian: zapciu

Borrowed from Arabic ضَبْطِيَّه (ḍabṭiyyah, “policeman”).

bor+

police officer, a peace officer who is a member of a police force


شریعتجی

head

شریعتجی • (şeriʼatcı)

Turkish: şeriatçı

→ Armenian: շէրիաթճի (šēriatʻči)

From شریعت (şeriʼat, “shari'a, Islamic law”) + ـجی (-cı, -ci, occupational suffix).

suffix

(historical) the legal assistant of a Kazasker during the Ottoman Empire


ویركی

head

ویركی • (vergi) (definite accusative ویركیی (vergiyi), plural ویركیلر (vergiler))

vergi (romanization)
ویركیی (accusative definite)
ویركیلر (plural)

Turkish: vergi

→ Albanian: vergji

desc

→ Armenian: վէրկի (vērki), վերգի (vergi)

→ Ubykh: уергьы (wergʲə)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bērgü (“something which ought to be, or is, given”), a derivation from *bēr- (“to give”), whence ویرمك (vermek, “to give”). Cognate with Azerbaijani vergi and Crimean Tatar vergi.

inh+

tax, impost, tribute, a compulsory financial charge or levy imposed by the government


كفنجی

kefenci (romanization)
kefinci (romanization)

Turkish: kefenci

→⇒ Armenian: Քեֆենջյան (Kʻefenǰyan)

From كفن (kefen, “shroud, winding cloth”) + ـجی (-cı, -ci, occupational suffix).

suffix

maker or seller of shrouds, winding cloths, or other similar dresses and apparel for the dead


نفقه

head

نفقه • (nafaka) (plural نفقات (nafakat))

Turkish: nafaka

→ Albanian: nafakë

→ Aromanian: nãfãcã

desc

→ Armenian: նաֆախա (nafaxa), նաֆաքա (nafakʻa)

→ Balkan Romani: nafaka — Sofia Erli

→ Greek: ναφακάς (nafakás)

→ Macedonian: нафака (nafaka)

→ Romanian: nafaca

nafàka//нафа̀ка

→ Serbo-Croatian: nafàka／нафа̀ка

(law) allowance given as support, maintenance, especially for a wife or widow


اسپنج

head

اسپنج • (ispenc) (definite accusative اسپنجی (ispenci), plural اسپنجلر (ispencler))

ispenc (romanization)
اسپنجی (accusative definite)
اسپنجلر (plural)

Turkish: ispenç

desc

→ Armenian: ըսփէնճ (əspʻēnč), սփէնճ (spʻēnč), ըսպէնճ (əspēnč), իսպէնճ (ispēnč), սպէնճ (spēnč)

→ Bulgarian: испендже́ (ispendžé), испе́нч (ispénč)

From a corruption of پنجك (pencik, “a title for slaves”), from پنج (penc, “five”).

(historical) poll tax on slaves when first brought to the market from abroad, as the fiscal fifth due to treasury on all prisoners of war