چراغ

head

چراغ • (çerağ or çirağ) (definite accusative چراغی (çerağı), plural چراغلر (çerağlar))

çerağ (romanization)
çirağ (romanization)
چراغی (accusative definite)
چراغلر (plural)

Turkish: çerağ, çirağ

Borrowed from Iranian Persian چراغ (čerâğ, čarâğ), itself from Parthian 𐫝𐫡𐫀𐫃 (crʾg /čirāγ/, “lamp”). Doublet of سراج (sirac, “lamp”).

bor+

čerâğ, čarâğ

light, any source of illumination, such as a candle, lightbulb, torch, lamp, streetlight, etc.


چینی

head

چینی • (çini)

ota-noun

چینی • (çini)

Turkish: çini

Borrowed from Persian چینی (čini, “Chinese; porcelain”).

bor+

porcelain blue, a peculiarly delicate, light blue color


زعفران

Gagauz: şafran

Turkish: safran

→ Bulgarian: шафра́н (šafrán)

→ Macedonian: шафран (šafran)

→ Russian: шафра́н (šafrán)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ша̀фран

Latin script: šàfran

طبیعی بویالرك اك مهملری كوك بویا ، بقام اغاجی ، چیوید ، زغفران جهرى وقرمزدر .

1914, Harun Reşit Kocacan, Muhtasar ilm-i kımya: Darülmuallimin ve Darülfünun ile mekâtib-i iʼdadiye sınıflarına mahsustur, İstanbul: Kitaphane-yi İslâm ve Askerı̂, page 254:

The most important natural dyes are madder, bloodwood, indigo, saffron, yellowberry, and kermes.

tabiʼi boyalarıñ eñ mühimleri kök boya, bakkam ağacı, çivid, zağferan[,] cehri ve kırmızdır.


سیاه

Turkish: siyah


زرد

Turkish: zerd


زر

Turkish: zer

Borrowed from Persian زر (zar, “gold”), from Middle Persian *zarr (“gold”).

yellow, possessing a color which stands between gree and orange on the visible spectrum


زر

buzz, hum, thrum, whirr, a continuous humming noise, as of bees


زر

Turkish: zır

buzzing, whirring, thrumming, producing a continuous humming noise


نور

head

نور • (nur) (definite accusative نوری (nuru), plural انوار (envâr) or نیران (nirân))

nur (romanization)
نوری (accusative definite)
انوار (plural)
نیران (plural)

Turkish: nur

→ Albanian: nur

→ Romanian: nur

Borrowed from Arabic نُور (nūr, “light, ray of light”), from Proto-Semitic *nūr- (“light”).

bor+

electromagnetic radiation
electromagnetic radiation

light, the electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range visible to the human eye


شمع

head

شمع • (şemʼ)

Turkish: şem

Borrowed from Arabic شَمْع (šamʕ, “wax; candle”).

bor+

wax-candle, a candle or taper made of wax


فانوس

Turkish: fanus

Borrowed from Arabic فَانُوس (fānūs), which in turn derives from Ancient Greek φανός (phanós, “lantern”).

lantern, a glass or gauze case for a lamp


موم

Turkish: mum

Borrowed from Persian موم (mum, “wax; candle”).


اوجاق

head

اوجاق • (ocak) (definite accusative اوجاغی (ocağı), plural اوجاقلر (ocaklar))

ocak (romanization)
اوجاغی (accusative definite)
اوجاقلر (plural)

Turkish: ocak

→ Abkhaz: ауаџьаҟ (awadžaqʼ)

→ Albanian: oxhak

→ Armenian: օջախ (ōǰax)

→ Aromanian: ugeac

→ Bulgarian: оджак (odžak)

→ Byzantine Greek: ὀτζάκι (otzáki)

Greek: τζάκι (tzáki)

→ Georgian: ოჯახი (oǯaxi)

→ Macedonian: о́џак (ódžak)

→ Persian: اجاق (ojâq)

→ Romanian: ogeac, hogeag

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: о̀џак

Latin script: òdžak

From Proto-Turkic *ōtčak (“hearth”), from *ōt (“fire”), whence also Ottoman Turkish اود (od, “fire”); cognate with Azerbaijani ocaq, Bashkir уҫаҡ (uśaq), Chuvash вучах (vuč̬ah), Kazakh ошақ (oşaq), Kyrgyz очок (ocok), Southern Altai очок (očok), Tatar учак (uçaq) and Uzbek oʻchoq, while Russian оча́г (očág) is borrowed from Turkic.

(in general) any place for lighting fire, such as a hearth, furnace or kiln


بویا

desctree

Turkish: boya
→ Northern Kurdish: boyax
→ Zazaki: boye

→ Albanian: bojë

→ Greek: μπογιά (bogiá)

→ Bulgarian: боя (boja)

→ Laz: ბოჲა (boya)

→ Macedonian: боја (boja)

→ Romanian: boia

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: боја

Latin script: boja

→ Slovene: boja

From Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (boyaɣ, “dye”), from earlier [script needed] (*boδaɣ), from Proto-Turkic *bodog (“paint, dye”), derived from Proto-Turkic *boda- (“to paint, dye”). Cognate with Azerbaijani boya, Bashkir буяу (buyaw), Kazakh бояу (boäu), Kyrgyz боёк (boyok), Turkmen boýag, Uyghur بوياق (boyaq) and Uzbek boʻyoq.

inh

color, hue, a particular set of visible spectral compositions, perceived or named as a class


فنر

Turkish: fener

→ Albanian: fener

→ Armenian: ֆանար (fanar)

→ Aromanian: finere f

→ Azerbaijani: fənər

→ Bulgarian: фене́р (fenér)

→ Crimean Tatar: fener

→ Gilaki: فنار (fanár)

→ Macedonian: фенер (fener)

→ Mazanderani: فنر (fenar)

→ Persian: فنر (fanar), فنار (fanâr)

→ Romanian: fanar, fener, fânar, fănar

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: фѐњер

Latin script: fènjer

From Arabic فَنَار (fanār), from Ancient Greek φανάριον (phanárion).

street lamp, any outdoor light used to illuminate a public area


كول

Turkish: kül

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kül (“ash”); cognate with Azerbaijani kül, Bashkir көл (köl), Chuvash кӗл (kĕl), Kazakh күл (kül), Kyrgyz күл (kül), Tatar көл (köl), Turkish kül, Tuvan хүл (xül) Uyghur كۈل (kül), Uzbek kul and Yakut күл (kül).

ash, the solid and powdery remains of fire


پنبه

Borrowed from Persian پنبه (panbe, “cotton”), itself from Middle Persian pmbk' and thus a doublet of پاموق (pamuk, “cotton”). Only the literal meaning "cotton" is attested up to the early 18ᵗʰ century, while the meaning "rosy, pink" is attested later and cannot be reliably justified from the colour of cotton (although there are natural colored varieties of cotton, including pink).

bor+

cotton, the vegetal fibers produced by plants of the genus Gossypium

(by extension) anything soft, white or unsoiled


پنبه

Turkish: pembe

→ Armenian: փեմպե (pʻempe)

→⇒ Laz: ფემბელი (pembeli)

pink, having a color between red and white


مور

The origin is uncertain. Cognate with Azerbaijani mor (“violet”), Turkmen mor (“reddish-brown, rust-colored”), Nogai моры (morı), мору (moru, “brown; maroon”), Karachay-Balkar мор (mor, “brown”), Kyrgyz мор (mor, “a dark brown dye”).
Often considered a borrowing from a violet berry name in an Indo-European language: compare Armenian մոր (mor), dialectal մոռ (moṙ, “blackberry; raspberry; wild strawberry”), Ancient Greek μόρον (móron, “black mulberry; blackberry”), Italian moro (“black mulberry tree”).


خاكی

Turkish: haki


لاجورد

lâcverd (romanization)
laciverd (romanization)

Turkish: lacivert

desc

→ Armenian: լաճիվէրտ (lačivērt) — Constantinople

Borrowed from Persian لاجورد (lâjvard, “lapis lazuli”).

bor+

lapis lazuli, a deep-blue stone, used in making jewelry


ماوی

From Arabic مَاوِيّ (māwiyy, “watery”), ultimately from Arabic مَاء (māʔ, “water”).

, آبی (âbî), ازرق (ezrak), کبود (kebûd)


ماوی

Turkish: mavi

→ Armenian: մավի (mavi)

→ Greek: μαβής (mavís)

→ Italian: mavì

→ Ladino: mavi

→ Middle Georgian: მავი (mavi)


مصباح

Turkish: mısbah

Borrowed from Arabic مِصْبَاح (miṣbāḥ, “lamp, light”).


افلاطون

Turkish: eflatun

From Arabic أَفْلَاطُون (ʔaflāṭūn, “Plato”), from Ancient Greek Πλάτων (Plátōn) as adjusted to Arabic phonology. Nişanyan considers that the use of the term for a shade of purple originates in the multiple references to such colours in Plato's work (e.g. Ancient Greek ἁλουργής (halourgḗs) in the Republic, Book IV, 429d).


افلاطون

Turkish: eflatun


آلا

Turkish: ala

→ Bulgarian: ала (ala)

→ Macedonian: ала (ala)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ала

Latin script: ala

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *āla (“variegated”); cognate with Azerbaijani ala, Bashkir ала (ala), Chuvash ула (ula), Kazakh ала (ala), Kyrgyz ала (ala), Turkmen āla, Uyghur ئالا (ala), Uzbek ola and Yakut ала (ala).

inh+

spotted, speckled, pied, striped, variegated


بوز

Turkish: boz

→ Middle Armenian: պօզ (pōz)

Armenian: բոզ (boz)


شهلا

head

شهلا • (şehla)

ota-adj

شهلا • (şehla)

Turkish: şehla

Borrowed from Arabic شَهْلَاء (šahlāʔ), feminine singular of أَشْهَل (ʔašhal). The meaning “squinting, squint-eyed” is an invention of Ottoman Turkish (not found in Arabic), which likely stemmed from confusion with Arabic حَوْلَاء (ḥawlāʔ) (whence Ottoman Turkish حولا (havla)), with which the word شَهْلَاء (šahlāʔ) occurred in Arabic incantations against the evil eye. See evil eye in Turkey.

(of eyes) of a bluish or light grey color

whose eyes are bluish or light grey in color


قاون

kavun (romanization)
kavın (romanization)

Turkish: kavun

desctree

→ Arabic: قَاوُون (qāwūn, “bitter melon, cantaloupe”)
Kurdish:
→ Northern Kurdish: qawin, qawûn

desc

→ Georgian: ყავუნი (q̇avuni) — Chveneburi

→ Laz: კავონი (ǩavoni)

→ Ukrainian: каву́н (kavún, “watermelon”) (or possibly from Tatar)

→ Belarusian: каву́н (kavún)

→ Polish: kawon

→ Yiddish: קאַווענע (kavene)


سراج

head

سراج • (sirac) (definite accusative سراجی (siracı), plural سرج (sürüc))

sirac (romanization)
سراجی (accusative definite)
سرج (plural)

Turkish: sirac

Borrowed from Arabic سِرَاج (sirāj, “lamp, lantern”), itself from Aramaic שְׁרָגָא (šerāgā), from Parthian *𐫢𐫡𐫀𐫄 (*šrʾɣ /širāɣ/). Doublet of چراغ (çirag, “lamp”).

bor+

light, any source of illumination, such as a candle, lightbulb, torch, lamp, streetlight, etc.


بقم

bakam (romanization)
bakkam (romanization)

Turkish: bakam, bakkam

→ Albanian: bakam, bakëm

→ Armenian: պախամ (paxam)

→ Aromanian: bãcãme

→ Belarusian: бака́н (bakán)

→ Bulgarian: бака́м (bakám)

desc

→ Greek: μπαχάμι (bachámi), μπακάμι (bakámi)

→ Macedonian: бакам (bakam)

→ Romanian: băcan

→ Russian: бака́н (bakán)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ба̀кам

Latin script: bàkam

→ Ukrainian: бака́н (bakán)

red paint from the plants of the Caesalpinieae tribe used for their brazilin-containing woods; with آغاجی (ağacı) the plant itself


مشعل

مَشْعَل (canonical)
meş'al (romanization)
مشاعل (plural)

Turkish: meşal


چاقماق

head

چاقماق • (çakmak)

Turkish: çakmak

→ Albanian: çakmak

→ Bulgarian: чакма́к (čakmák)

→ Georgian: ჩახმახი (čaxmaxi)

→ Greek: τσακμάκι (tsakmáki)

→ Macedonian: чакмак (čakmak)

→ Middle Armenian: չախմախ (čʻaxmax)

Armenian: չախմախ (čʻaxmax)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ча̀кмак

Latin script: čàkmak

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *č(i)akmak (“firestriker”), a development of *č(i)ak- (“to hit, strike”), whence چاقمق (çakmak, “to hit, strike”). Cognate with Azerbaijani çaxmaq and Uyghur چاقماق (chaqmaq).

inh+

firestriker, firesteel, a piece of steel used for striking a spark


آلاجهری

Turkish: ala cehri (“Rhamnus”)

→ Greek: αλιζάρι (alizári)

→ French: alizari

desctree

→ Middle Armenian: ալաժահր (alažahr)
Armenian: ալաժահրի (alažahri)

From آلا (ala, “spotted; speckled; pied; striped; variegated”) + جهری (cehri, “the yellowberry, fruit of Rhamnus infectorius etc.”).

affix

speckled buckthorn berries, i. e. yellow-berries, fruit of Rhamnus infectorius or Rhamnus amygdalinus, used as a dye (called alizaris in the Levant)


چیویت

head

چیویت • (çivit)

ota-noun

چیویت • (çivit)

Turkish: çivit

→ Albanian: çivit

desc

→ Armenian: չիվիտ (čʻivit), չվիթ (čʻvitʻ)

→ Macedonian: чивит (čivit)

→ Romanian: civit

→ Serbo-Croatian: (regional)

Cyrillic script: чѝвит

Latin script: čìvit

Cognate to Kyrgyz чивит (civit), Crimean Tatar чивит, çivit …

Indigofera tinctoria
Indigofera tinctoria#Translingual

indigo, Indigofera tinctoria and Indigofera gen. et spp.


قندیل

head

قندیل • (kandil or kındil) (plural قنادیل)

kandil (romanization)
kındil (romanization)
قنادیل (plural)

Turkish: kandil

→ Albanian: kandil

desc

→ Armenian: խանտիլ (xantil), կանդիլ (kandil)

From Arabic قِنْدِيل (qindīl), ultimately from Latin candēla (“candle”).

(botany) hanging flower or glumaceous seed vessel


قاو

Turkish: kav

→ Armenian: ղավ (ġav), խավ (xav), կավ (kav), ղաւ (ġaw) — traditional orthography

Inherited from both Proto-Turkic *kiab (“tree fungus; dry grass”) and *k(i)ab (“peeled skin, to peel”). Cognate with Azerbaijani qov and Yakut кыа (kıa).

inh

tinder, punk, touchwood, any material used to light fires, but especially decayed wood


صاری

head

صاری • (sarı)

ota-adj

صاری • (sarı)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *siarïg (“yellow, white”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰽𐰺𐰍 (sarïg), Azerbaijani sarı, Bashkir һары (harı), Chuvash шурӑ (šură), Kazakh сары (sary), Kyrgyz сары (sarı), Turkmen sāry, Tuvan сарыг (sarıg), Uyghur سېرىق (sëriq) and Uzbek sariq.

inh+

blond, flaxen, fair-haired, having pale golden or ligth yellow hair


لامپه

Turkish: lamba

From Italian lampa, from Ancient Greek λαμπάς (lampás).


قیرچیل

head

قیرچیل • (kırçıl)

Turkish: kırçıl

قیر (kır, “gray”) + چیل (çil, “freckled”)


قیر

Turkish: kır

→ Armenian: խըռ (xəṙ), ղըռ (ġəṙ)

→ Serbo-Croatian: kŕdža, кр́џа

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kïr (“isolated mountain; steppe, wilderness”); cognate with Azerbaijani qır, Bashkir ҡыр (qır), Chuvash хир (hir), Kazakh қыр (qyr), Kyrgyz кыр (kır), Turkmen gyr, Uyghur قىر (qir) and Uzbek qir.

inh+

grey, of a grey hue, of an intermediate colour between black and white


رنك

Turkish: renk

→ Armenian: ըռէնկ (əṙēnk)


قوروم

Turkish: kurum

→ Armenian: խուռում (xuṙum)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kurum (“soot”); cognate with Azerbaijani qurum, Bashkir ҡором (qorom), Chuvash хӑрӑм (hărăm), Kazakh құрым (qūrym), Kyrgyz курум (kurum), Uyghur قۇرۇم (qurum), Uzbek qurum and Yakut курунньук (kurunnyuk).

soot, lampblack, fine particles of amorphous carbon and tar


طنب

head

طنب • (tunb, tunub) (plural اطناب (etnab))

tunb (romanization)
tunub (romanization)
اطناب (plural)

Turkish: tunub, tenef (dialectal)

desc

→ Bulgarian: тенеп (tenep), тенеф (tenef)

→ Northern Kurdish: tenef, tenab

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тѐнеф, тѐнеп

Latin script: tènef, tènep

Borrowed from Arabic طُنُب (ṭunub, “rope, line”).

bor+

(by extension) sunbeam, a visible, narrow and intense ray of sunlight


مائی

head

مائی • (mâî)

Ultimately from Arabic مَاء (māʔ, “water”), through the meaning "having the colour of water".


یشیل

یشیل • (yeşil)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yāĺïl (“green”); cognate with Azerbaijani yaşıl, Bashkir йәшел (yəşel), Chuvash ҫулҫӑ (śulś̬ă), Kazakh жасыл (jasyl), Kyrgyz жашыл (jaşıl), Turkmen ýaşyl, Uyghur يېشىل (yëshil), Uzbek yashil and Yakut саһыл (sahıl)

inh+

green, verdant, virent, with a hue which is of grass or leaves


ترنجی

türünci (romanization)
turuncu (romanization)

From Ottoman Turkish ترنج (türünç, “bitter orange”) or Persian ترنجی (toronji), from Arabic تُرُنْج (turunj, “citron (fruit)”).

der

resembling a bitter orange, especially in colour


ترنجی

Turkish: turuncu


كولكه

head

گولگه • (gölge) (plural گولگهلر)

ota-noun

گولگه • (gölge) (plural گولگهلر)

گولگه (canonical)
gölge (romanization)
گولگهلر (plural)

Turkish: gölge

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kölige, from the root *köl (“shade, shadow”); cognate with Azerbaijani kölgə, Bashkir күләгә (küləgə), Crimean Tatar kölge, Kazakh көлеңке (köleñke), Kyrgyz көлөкө (kölökö), Tuvan хөлеге (xölege), Turkmen kölege and Yakut күлүк (külük).

shadow, shade, darkness where light is blocked


دوه توكی

head

دوه توكى • (deve tüyü)

ota-noun

دوه توكى • (deve tüyü)

دوه توكى (canonical)
deve tüyü (romanization)

Turkish: deve tüyü

Compound of دوه (deve, “camel”) + توك (tük, “hair”), variant of توی (tüy, “hair”).


ایشق

head

ایشق • (ışık) (definite accusative ایشغی (ışığı), plural ایشقلر (ışıklar))

ışık (romanization)
ایشغی (accusative definite)
ایشقلر (plural)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yạĺ(č)uk (“light”), a development of *yạĺ(č)- (“to blaze, flame”), the same source of ایشیمق (ışımak, “to shine”) and ایشین (ışın, “flash, gleam, lightning glow”). Cognate with Azerbaijani işıq (“light”) and Turkmen yşyk (“light”).

inh+

light, the electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range visible to the human eye


ایشق

head

ایشق • (ışık)

Turkish: ışık

desc

→ Armenian: ըշըխ (əšəx) — Constantinople

luminous, shining, radiant, brilliant, refulgent, emitting light, glowing brightly

luminous, brightly illuminated, lighted, lit up, irradiated or shone with light


قولا

Turkish: kula

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kula (“light yellow, brown”); cognate with Chuvash хула (hula), Mongolian хул (xul), Turkmen qula and Uzbek qula.

inh

قولا:


فستقی

head

فستقی • (fıstıkî)

ota-adj

فستقی • (fıstıkî)

Turkish: fıstıki

→ Greek: φιστικί (fistikí)

Borrowed from Arabic فُسْتُقِيّ (fustuqiyy). By surface analysis, فستق (fıstık) + ـی (-î, nisba suffix).

surf

فستقی:


آتشدان

head

آتشدان • (ateşdan)

Turkish: ateşdan

Borrowed from Persian آتشدان (âtašdân, “fireplace”), from آتش (âtaš, “fire”) + ـدان (-dân, “holder, container”).

bor+

fireplace, an open hearth for holding a fire at the base of a chimney


چوقولاته

head

چوقولاته • (çokolata)

ota-noun

چوقولاته • (çokolata)

→ Albanian: çokollátë

Turkish: çikolata

From Italian cioccolato, from Spanish chocolate, from Classical Nahuatl chocolātl.


تكیر

Turkish: tekir

→ Armenian: թէքիր (tʻēkʻir)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek τῐ́γρῐς (tígris, “tiger”), in reference to its dark vertical stripes.

brindled, tabby, of a brownish or grey colour, with stripes, streaks, or spots


اوطون

head

اوطون • (odun)

ota-noun

اوطون • (odun)

Turkish: odun

→ Armenian: օտուն (ōtun)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ōtïn (“firewood”), from *ōt (“fire”); cognate with Azerbaijani odun, Bashkir утын (utın), Kazakh отын (otyn), Kyrgyz отун (otun), Tatar утын (utın), Turkmen odun, Uyghur ئوتۇن (otun) and Uzbek o'tin.

inh+

firewood, wood intended to be burned, typically for heat


كونش

head

گونش • (güneş)

ota-noun

گونش • (güneş)

Turkish: güneş

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *küneĺ (“sun; sunny place”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰛𐰈𐰤𐰾 (küneš), Azerbaijani günəş, Bashkir ҡояш (qoyaş), Chuvash хӗвел (hĕvel), Tatar кояш (qoyaş), Turkmen güneş, Uyghur قۇياش (quyash), Uzbek quyosh and Yakut куйаас (kuyaas).

inh+

(astronomy) sun, the star that the Earth revolves around