چای

Turkish: çay

→ Adyghe: щай (śaj)

→ Albanian: çaj

→ Armenian: չայ (čʻay)

→ Azerbaijani: çay

→ Bashkir: сәй (səy)

→ Belarusian: чай (čaj)

→ Bulgarian: чай (čaj)

→ Crimean Tatar: şay, çay

→ Greek: τσάι (tsái) (possibly via a Slavic language)

→ Hijazi Arabic: چاي (čāy)

→ Karachay-Balkar: шай (şay)

→ Karakalpak: чай

→ Kazakh: шай (şai)

→ Northern Kurdish: çay

→ Lishana Deni: גׄאייה (čāye)

→ Kyrgyz: чай (cay)

→ Macedonian: чај (čaj)

→ Russian: чай (čaj) (see there for further descendants)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чај

Latin script: čaj

→ Slovene: čaj

→ Lower Sorbian: čaj (literary)

→ Southern Altai: чай (čay)

→ Tatar: чәй (çäy)

→ Turkmen: çay

→ Uyghur: چاي (chay)

→ Uzbek: choy

→ Zazaki: çay

Camellia sinensis
Camellia sinensis#Translingual

tea plant, any bush of the species Camellia sinensis whose leaves are picked to make a beverage

tea, a common beverage made by infusing the dried leaves or buds of this plant in hot water


چای

Turkish: çay

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *čāj (“river”); cognate with Azerbaijani çay.

inh+

rivulet, creek, brook, a body of running water smaller than a river


سن

Turkish: Sen

اوچ فياقر اوزره کنار سنده

1885–1886, Abdülhak Hâmid, دیوانهلكلرم یاخود بلده, page 11:


جدول

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جدول • (cedvel) (definite accusative جدولی (cedveli), plural جداول (cedâvil))

cedvel (romanization)
جدولی (accusative definite)
جداول (plural)

Turkish: cetvel

→ Crimean Tatar: cedvel

→ Serbo-Croatian: džedvel (Bosnia)

Borrowed from Arabic جَدْوَل (jadwal, “creek, brook”).

bor+

rivulet, creek, brook, a body of water smaller than a river usually dry in the summer

irrigation ditch, canal, any long indentation used to channel water in a field or garden

column, vertical line of entries in a table, index, or book, usually read from top to bottom

schedule, table, sheet, roster, any tabulated form indicating a sequence of operations


طونه

Turkish: Tuna


اوزی

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اوزی • (Özi)

Turkish: Özi, Özü


نیل

Turkish: Nil

Borrowed from Arabic النِّيل (an-nīl, “the Nile”), itself from Ancient Greek Νεῖλος (Neîlos).


حوض

head

حوض • (havz or havuz) (definite accusative حوضی (havzı, havuzu), plural احواض (ehvâz) or حیاض (hiyâz))

havz (romanization)
havuz (romanization)
حوضی (accusative definite)
احواض (plural)
حیاض (plural)

Turkish: havuz

desc

→ Arabic: هَوِيس (hawīs), هَاوِيس (hāwīs)

հավուզ<lb:պլ>

ավուզ<lb:վն>

→ Armenian: (Constantinople) հավուզ (havuz), (Van) ավուզ (avuz)

→ Georgian: აუზი (auzi)

→ Greek: χαβούζα (chavoúza)

→ Ladino: havuz

→ Laz: ჰავუზი (havuzi)

→ Romanian: havuz

→ Ubykh: х'абзы (x̣abzə)

Borrowed from Arabic حَوْض (ḥawḍ, “basin, pool”).

bor+

pool, water tank, reservoir, any artifical basin for storing fresh water

حوض الرسول

the tank in Paradise of which all the Blessed will drink


بركه

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بركه • (birke) (definite accusative بركهیی (birkeyi), plural برك (birâk))

birke (romanization)
بركهیی (accusative definite)
برك (plural)

Turkish: birke

Borrowed from Arabic بِرْكَة (birka, “pool, tank”).


طورله

Turkish: Turla

Dniester (a river in Eastern Europe), flowing through Ukraine and Moldova to the Black Sea.


دینیه‌ستر

دینیهستر (canonical)
Dinyester (romanization)

Turkish: Dinyester

Probably a rendering of Old East Slavic Дънѣстръ (Dŭněstrŭ), since the Ottoman territory already contained the East-Slavic-speaking coastal region south of the river’s mouth by the end of the 14th century and then the Empire conquered it under Süleyman I.

Unsere weitere Absicht, nach Herstellung der Eisenbahnverbindungen in Ostgalizien und in der Bukowina zur Erzwingung des Friedens im Osten den Feldzug gegen die russisch-rumänische Front südlich des Dnjestr fortzusetzen, mußte aufgegeben werden. Er sollte in einem doppelten Angriff über den oberen Sereth westlich Galatz und hart südlich des Dnjestr bestehen und auch zangenartig wirken.

1922, ادارهٔ حرب و سیاست [Idare-i harb ve siyaset], Istanbul: مطبعهٔ عثمانیه, page 176, originally 199; translation of Erich Ludendorff, Kriegsführung und Politik, Berlin: E. S. Mittler & Sohn, 1922:

Our further intention, the military campaign against the Russian-Romanian front to be continued south of the Dniestr to force piece in the east, after procurement of the railroad connections in Eastern Galicia and in the Bukovina, had to be abandoned. It was supposed to consist in a double attack over the upper Siret west of Galați as well as hard south of the Dniestr and go like pincers.

Territorial evolution of the Ottoman Empire


قره دكز

Turkish: Karadeniz


آق دكز

Turkish: Akdeniz

آق (ak, “white”) + دكز (deñiz, deniz, “sea”).
Referring to it as the "White" sea is common throughout the region, see Arabic الْبَحْر الْأَبْيَض الْمُتَوَسِّط (al-baḥr al-ʔabyaḍ al-mutawassiṭ, “"Middle white sea”), Persian بحر سفید, though these may be calques as direct translations from the Ottoman (possibly by the Ottomans). See the Wikipedia page for more details.

cog

الْبَحْر الْأَبْيَض الْمُتَوَسِّط

Persian بحر سفید


كدوس

Turkish: Gediz

A river in Turkey, the site of a battle during the Turkish War of Independence.


چناب

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چَناب • (Çenab)

ota-proper noun

چَناب • (Çenab)

Turkish: Çenab

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *(s)čandrás
Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás
Sanskrit भाग (bhāga)
Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā)bor.
Classical Persian چَنَاب (čanāb)bor.
Ottoman Turkish چناب
Borrowed from Classical Persian چَنَاب (čanāb), borrowed from Sanskrit चन्द्रभागा (candrabhāgā), from चन्द्र (candra) + भाग (bhāga).


لیمان

Azerbaijani: liman

Crimean Tatar: liman

Turkish: liman

→ Armenian: լիման (liman)

→ Greek: λιμάνι (limáni)

→ Romanian: liman

desctree

→ Russian: лима́н (limán)
English: liman

→ Ukrainian: лима́н (lymán)

From Byzantine Greek λιμένιον (liménion), from Ancient Greek λιμήν (limḗn).

estuary, the place where ocean tides and river water merge


ناصر

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ناصر • (nâsır) (definite accusative ناصری (nâsırı), plural ناصرلر (nâsırlar))

nâsır (romanization)
ناصری (accusative definite)
ناصرلر (plural)

Turkish: nasır

Borrowed from Arabic نَاصِر (nāṣir, “helper, aide”).

bor+

tributary, affluent, a water stream that flows into a river or other body of water


آزماق

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آزماق • (azmak) (definite accusative آزماغی (azmağı), plural آزماقلر (azmaklar))

azmak (romanization)
آزماغی (accusative definite)
آزماقلر (plural)

Turkish: azmak

→ Albanian: hasmak

Ultimately a derivation from Proto-Turkic *āŕ- (“to go astray, lose one's way”), whence the verb آزمق (azmak, “to stray, wander; to overflow”).

inh

any artificial or temporary torrent or stream of water formed by the overflow of a river or from an inundation


سقاریه

Turkish: Sakarya
→ English: Sakarya

Ultimately from Ancient Greek Σαγγάρῐος (Sangárĭos), the ancient name of the Sakarya River.

A river in Turkey, which flows into the Black Sea


لیوار

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لیوار • (livar) (definite accusative لیواری (livarı), plural لیوارلر (livarlar))

livar (romanization)
لیواری (accusative definite)
لیوارلر (plural)

Turkish: livar

Borrowed from Greek βιβάριον (vivárion) or λιβάριον (livárion, “aquarium, fish tank”), itself from Latin vīvārium (“park, preserve, enclosure”).

der

fishpond, a small pond in communication with the sea, for keeping live fish for use