كلب

head

كلب • (kelb) (plural كلاب (kilâb), feminine كلبت (kelbet))

kelb (romanization)
كلاب (plural)
كلبت (feminine)

a. 1636, Nefʿī
طاهر افندی بڭا كلب دیمش
التفاتی بو سوزده ظاهردر
مالكی مذهبم بنم زیرا
اعتقادمجه كلب طاهردر.
Tahir Efendi baña kelb demiş
İltifatı bu sözde zahirdir
Maliki mezhebim benim zira
İʼtikadımca kelb tahirdir
Mr. Ṭāhir has called me a dog
This is an apparent compliment
For my school of law is the Mālikīy

According to my belief the dog is clean.


كلب

Turkish: kelep, kelebe, kelefe

desc

→ Bulgarian: келе́п (kelép), киле́п (kilép), ке́лево (kélevo), ке́ляво (kéljavo), ке́лева (kéleva)

→ Romanian: căleap, călep

Borrowed from Persian کلاف (kalâf), کلابه (kalâbe), کلاوه (kalâve, “clew”).


سمك

Turkish: semek

Borrowed from Arabic سَمَك (samak, “fish”).

bor+

fish, a cold-blooded animal that lives in water


ثعبان

Turkish: suban

Borrowed from Arabic ثُعْبَان (ṯuʕbān, “snake”).

fabulous serpent of enormous size, dragon


عنكبوت

Turkish: ankebut

Borrowed from Arabic عَنْكَبُوت (ʕankabūt, “spider”).

spider, any of various arthropods of the order Araneae


میوه

meyve (romanization)
meyva (romanization)

Turkish: meyve, (dialectal) meyva

→ Crimean Tatar: meyva

→ Serbo-Croatian: mȉva /ми̏ва

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish میوه (meyvä, mēvä), from Classical Persian میوَه (mēwa, “fruit”), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭩𐭥𐭪 (mēwag, “fruit”).

inh+

میوه آغاجندن اوزاق دوشمز

the fruit doesn't fall far from the tree

(botany) fruit, the seed-bearing part of a plant, often edible


حیوان

head

حیوان • (hayvan) (plural حیوانات (hayvanat))

Turkish: hayvan

→ Albanian: hajvan

→ Armenian: հայվան (hayvan)

→ Greek: χαϊβάνι (chaïváni)

→ Macedonian: ајван (ajvan)

→ Serbo-Croatian: hajvan /хајван

Borrowed from Arabic حَيَوَان (ḥayawān).

animal, any multicellular organism in the clade Animalia


بان

Turkish: ban

Moringa oleifera
Moringa oleifera#Translingual

ben tree, horseradish tree (the Moringa oleifera of Arabia and India, which produces oil of ben)


بان

Turkish: ban

From earlier باڭ (bañ), from Persian بنگ (bang, “henbane”).


نار

Turkish: nar

→ Adyghe: нарэ (narɛ)

→ Kabardian: нары (narə)

→ Laz: ნარი (nari)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: нар

Latin script: nar


موز

mevz (romanization)
meviz (romanization)
muz (romanization)

Turkish: muz


زیتون

zeytun (romanization)
zeytin (romanization)

Turkish: zeytin

desc

→ Bulgarian: зехти́н (zehtín, “olive oil”)

→ Macedonian: зејтин (zejtin, “cooking oil”)

→ Serbo-Croatian: зѐјтӣн / zèjtīn (“cooking oil”)

→ Romanian: zăitin — Banat

→ Ubykh: зеиҭын (zejtən)

Borrowed from Arabic زَيْتُون (zaytūn, “olive”).

bor+

olive, the small oval fruit of the olive tree


فندق

head

فندق • (fındık or funduk) (definite accusative فندغی (fındığı), plural فندقلر (fındıklar))

fındık (romanization)
funduk (romanization)
فندغی (accusative definite)
فندقلر (plural)

Turkish: fındık, funduk

→ Crimean Tatar: fındıq, funduq

→ Russian: фунду́к (fundúk)

→ Belarusian: фунду́к (fundúk)

→ Estonian: fundukk

→ Ukrainian: фунду́к (fundúk)

→ Greek: φουντούκι (fountoúki)

→ Middle Armenian: ֆնտուխ (fntux)

→ Romanian: funduc, fundici

From Persian فندق (fandoq, “hazelnut”), itself from Arabic فُنْدُق (funduq), from Middle Persian pndk' (pondik), from Ancient Greek Ποντικόν κάρυον (Pontikón káruon, “Pontic nut”), from the hazelnut's indigenousness and abundance in the area of Pontus.

der

Ποντικόν κάρυον

Corylus avellana
Corylus avellana#Translingual

hazelnut (the nutlike fruit of the tree Corylus avellana)


شاهین

head

شاهین • (şahin) (definite accusative شاهینی (şahini), plural شاهینلر (şahinler))

şahin (romanization)
شاهینی (accusative definite)
شاهینلر (plural)

Turkish: şahin

→ Albanian: shahin

→ Greek: σαΐνι (saḯni)

→ Serbo-Croatian: šáhin / ша́хин

Borrowed from Persian شاهین (šâhin, “falcon”), itself from Middle Persian [script needed] (*šāhēn, literally “majestic, kingly”).

der

Falco peregrinus
Falco peregrinus#Translingual

peregrine falcon, a medium-sized falcon of the species Falco peregrinus


ذنب

head

ذنب • (zeneb) (definite accusative ذنبی (zenebi), plural اذناب (eznâb))

zeneb (romanization)
ذنبی (accusative definite)
اذناب (plural)

Turkish: zeneb

Borrowed from Arabic ذَنَب (ḏanab, “tail”), from Proto-Semitic *ḏanab- (“tail”).

bor+

descending node, the point in an orbit at which a body passes the ecliptic plane going south


اسد

Borrowed from Arabic أَسَد (ʔasad, “lion”).

lion, any large felid of the species Panthera leo


اسد

Turkish: esed

(astronomy) Leo, a constellation of the Zodiac

(astrology) Leo, the zodiac sign for the Lion


فیل

Turkish: fil

→ Albanian: fil

→ Laz: ჶილი (fili)

→ Serbo-Croatian: fȉl /фи̏л

Borrowed from Arabic فِيل (fīl). Doublet of پیل (pil).


سیب

Turkish: sib

Borrowed from Persian سیب (sib, “apple”), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭰 (sēb).

Malus domestica
Malus domestica#Translingual

apple, a common, round fruit produced by the tree Malus domestica


تمساح

head

تمساح • (timsah) (plural تماسیح (temasih))

Turkish: timsah

Crimean Tatar: timsah

Borrowed from Arabic تِمْسَاح (timsāḥ, “crocodile, alligator”).

bor+

crocodile, alligator any of various large reptiles in the order Crocodilia


عقرب

head

عقرب • (ʼakreb) (definite accusative عقربی (ʼakrebi), plural عقارب (ʼakarîb))

ʼakreb (romanization)
عقربی (accusative definite)
عقارب (plural)

Turkish: akrep

→ Albanian: akrep

→ Armenian: ախրէպ (axrēp)

desc

→ Laz: აკრეპი (aǩrep̌i), აქრები (akrebi) — Artasheni, ანკრეპი (anǩrep̌i)

Borrowed from Arabic عَقْرَب (ʕaqrab, “scorpion”), itself from Proto-Semitic *ʕaḳrab-.

bor+

scorpion, any of the arachnids in the order Scorpiones provided with pincers and a sting


آج

head

آج • (ac) (definite accusative آجی (acı), plural آجلر (aclar))

ac (romanization)
آجی (accusative definite)
آجلر (plural)

Turkish: ac

tamarisk, salt cedar, any of several shrubs in the genus Tamarix


چای

Turkish: çay

→ Adyghe: щай (śaj)

→ Albanian: çaj

→ Armenian: չայ (čʻay)

→ Azerbaijani: çay

→ Bashkir: сәй (səy)

→ Belarusian: чай (čaj)

→ Bulgarian: чай (čaj)

→ Crimean Tatar: şay, çay

→ Greek: τσάι (tsái) (possibly via a Slavic language)

→ Hijazi Arabic: چاي (čāy)

→ Karachay-Balkar: шай (şay)

→ Karakalpak: чай

→ Kazakh: шай (şai)

→ Northern Kurdish: çay

→ Lishana Deni: גׄאייה (čāye)

→ Kyrgyz: чай (cay)

→ Macedonian: чај (čaj)

→ Russian: чай (čaj) (see there for further descendants)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чај

Latin script: čaj

→ Slovene: čaj

→ Lower Sorbian: čaj (literary)

→ Southern Altai: чай (čay)

→ Tatar: чәй (çäy)

→ Turkmen: çay

→ Uyghur: چاي (chay)

→ Uzbek: choy

→ Zazaki: çay

Camellia sinensis
Camellia sinensis#Translingual

tea plant, any bush of the species Camellia sinensis whose leaves are picked to make a beverage


جمل

cemel (romanization)
جمال (plural)
اجمال (plural)


مار

Turkish: mar

Borrowed from Persian مار (mâr, “snake”).

bor+

snake, any reptile of the suborder Serpentes


چندر

Chrysocoma, a flower in the composite family


ماهی

Turkish: mahi

fish, a cold-blooded animal that lives in water


زعفران

Gagauz: şafran

Turkish: safran

→ Bulgarian: шафра́н (šafrán)

→ Macedonian: шафран (šafran)

→ Russian: шафра́н (šafrán)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ша̀фран

Latin script: šàfran

طبیعی بویالرك اك مهملری كوك بویا ، بقام اغاجی ، چیوید ، زغفران جهرى وقرمزدر .

1914, Harun Reşit Kocacan, Muhtasar ilm-i kımya: Darülmuallimin ve Darülfünun ile mekâtib-i iʼdadiye sınıflarına mahsustur, İstanbul: Kitaphane-yi İslâm ve Askerı̂, page 254:

The most important natural dyes are madder, bloodwood, indigo, saffron, yellowberry, and kermes.

tabiʼi boyalarıñ eñ mühimleri kök boya, bakkam ağacı, çivid, zağferan[,] cehri ve kırmızdır.


برنج

Turkish: pirinç

→ Adyghe: пындж (pəndž), (Shapsug) пыдж (pədž)

→ Avar: пиринчӏ (pirinčʼ)

desc

→ Kabardian: прунж (prunž), прундж (prundž)

→ Abaza: прунджь (prundź)

→ Ossetian: пырындз (pyrynʒ)

→ Serbo-Croatian: pirinač

→ Ubykh: p̒irinǰ


بچه

beçe (romanization)
beççe (romanization)

Turkish: beççe

Borrowed from Persian بچه (bače, “child, kid”).


بلبل

head

بلبل • (bülbül)

ota-noun

بلبل • (bülbül)

Turkish: bülbül

→ Albanian: bilbil

→ Greek: μπιρμπίλι (birmpíli)

→ Ladino: bilbil

→ Northern Kurdish: bilbil

→ Serbo-Croatian: bulbul

Borrowed from Classical Persian بلبل (bulbul, “nightingale”).

bor

nightingale, a common songbird in the genus Luscinia


موش

head

موش • (muş) (definite accusative موشی (muşu), plural موشلر (muşlar))

muş (romanization)
موشی (accusative definite)
موشلر (plural)

Turkish: muş

Borrowed from Persian موش (muš, “mouse”), itself from Middle Persian [script needed] (mwšk' /mušk/, “mouse, rat”).

der

rodent, any mammal of the order Rodentia, characterized by long incisors


باران

Turkish: baran

From Armenian պարան (paran, “rope, cord; row of vines in a vineyard”).

bor

(agriculture) row of vines in a vineyard


ببر

Turkish: biber

desc

→ Armenian: բիբար (bibar), բիբառ (bibaṙ), բիբեր (biber), բիբեռ (bibeṙ)

→ Azerbaijani: bibər

→ Crimean Tatar: biber

→ Macedonian: бибер (biber)

→ Serbo-Croatian: бѝбер (biber)

From Greek πιπέρι, πιπεριά (pipéri, piperiá).

bor

πιπέρι, πιπεριά


بامیه

desc

Turkish: bamya, bamıya, bamile, bamiye, bamle, banya, mamya, mamye, manya

→ Armenian: բամիա (bamia)

→ Greek: μπάμια (bámia)

→ Ladino: bamyas

→ Albanian: bamje, bamjё

→ Romanian: bamă

→ Bulgarian: бамя (bamja), ба́бня (bábnja), ба́мия (bámija)

→ Macedonian: бамја (bamja)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ба̀мија / bàmija, бамја / bamja, бамља / bamlja

→ Russian: ба́мия (bámija)

→ Ukrainian: ба́мія (bámija)

→ Yiddish: באַמיע (bamye)

Borrowing either from Persian بامیه (bâmiye) or Arabic بَامِيَا (bāmiyā), بَامِيَة (bāmiya, “okra”).

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus#Translingual

ru:Аникин, Александр Евгеньевич


تره

Turkish: tere, tere otu

→ Armenian: թառա (tʻaṙa), թէրէ (tʻērē)


آناناس

Turkish: ananas

From French ananas, from Spanish ananás, Portuguese ananás, from Old Tupi nanas (“pineapple”).


دلفین

Turkish: delfin

From Ancient Greek δελφίς (delphís), δελφίν (delphín).


عناب

head

عناب • (ʼunnâb) (definite accusative عنابی (ʼunnâbı), plural عنابلر (ʼunnâblar))

ʼunnâb (romanization)
عنابی (accusative definite)
عنابلر (plural)

Turkish: hünnap

→ Armenian: հո̈ւննաբ (hünnab) (Constantinople)

Borrowed from Arabic عُنَّاب (ʕunnāb, “jujube”).

bor+

jujube, the sweet and edible fruits of several trees in the genus Zizyphus


هوش

Turkish: huş

From Persian هوش (huš), a variant of توسکا (tuskâ, “birch”), which probably derives from a Mongolic source; compare modern Mongolian хус (xus, “birch”).

birch, any of various trees in the genus Betula


خرما

Turkish: hurma

→ Adyghe: хъурмэ (ꭓʷurmɛ)

→ Albanian: hurmë

desc

→ Belarusian: хурма́ (xurmá, “persimmon”)

→ Bulgarian: фурма́ (furmá, “persimmon”)

→ Crimean Tatar: hurma

→ Estonian: hurmaa

→ Greek: χουρμάς (chourmás)

→ Romanian: curmală

→ Ido: hurmo

→ Latvian: hurma

→ Macedonian: урма (urma)

→ Polish: hurma

→ Russian: хурма́ (xurmá, “persimmon”)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хурма, у̀рма

Latin script: hurma, ùrma

→ Tatar: хөрмә (xörmä, “persimmon”)

→ Ukrainian: хурма́ (xurmá, “persimmon”)

Borrowed from Persian خرما (xormâ, “date”).

bor+

Phoenix dactylifera
Phoenix dactylifera#Translingual

date, the fruit of the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera)


انجیر

head

انجیر • (incir or encir) (definite accusative انجیری (inciri, enciri), plural انجیرلر (incirler, encirler))

incir (romanization)
encir (romanization)
انجیری (accusative definite)
انجیرلر (plural)

Turkish: incir

Borrowed from Persian انجیر (anjir, “fig”), from Middle Persian ʾncyl (anjīr, “fig”).

bor+

fig, the edible fruit of the tree Ficus carica, pear-shaped and containing many small seeds


خروس

head

خروس • (horoz) (definite accusative خروسی (horozu), plural خروسلر (horozlar))

horoz (romanization)
خروسی (accusative definite)
خروسلر (plural)

Turkish: horoz

→ Armenian: խորոզ (xoroz)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: хо̏ро̄з

Latin script: hȍrōz

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish خُرُوسْ (ḫoros) , from Classical Persian خروس (xorôs, “rooster, cock”), ultimately from Middle Persian [script needed] (hlws /xrōs/, “cock”).

der

Gallus gallus
Gallus gallus#Translingual

rooster, cock, roostcock, chanticleer, an adult male of the species Gallus gallus

cock, hammer, a moving part of a firearm that strikes the firing pin to discharge a gun

(zoology) cock, any male bird, especially the leader in a flock of birds when migrating


باز

Borrowed from Persian باز (bâz, “hawk, falcon”).


خر

imitative of the sound of the gnarl of a dog


خر

Turkish: hır


خر

Turkish: har


سنجاب

sincab (romanization)
sıncab (romanization)

Turkish: sincap

→ Armenian: սնճապ (snčap)

سیاه سنجابلر صیق اغاجلرك یاپراقلری آرهسنده اویون اوینار.

1871, François-René de Chateaubriand, Atala, Terakkî Matbaası:

Black squirrels play in the dense foliage.

Siyah sincablar sık ağacların yaprakları arasında oyun oynar.


بز

Turkish: bez

→ Crimean Tatar: böz

→ Chuvash: пӳс (püs)

→ Laz: ბეზი (bezi)

→ Russian: бязь (bjazʹ), безь (bezʹ)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бе̏з

Latin script: bȅz

Borrowed from Arabic بَزّ (bazz), although probably under the influence of Byzantine Greek βύσσος (bússos). Cognates include Old Turkic 𐰋𐰕 (böz), Karakhanid بُوزْ (bȫz), Chagatai بوز (böz), Uyghur بۆز (böz), Turkmen biz and Chuvash пир (pir).

cloth, vestment, fabric (a generic term, indistinctive of whether it is a fabric or a garment)


شتر

head

شتر • (şütür)

From Classical Persian شتر (šutur, “camel”).

شتر بار


ریحان

Turkish: reyhan


مرجان

Turkish: mercan

→ Armenian: մէրճան (mērčan)

→ Ladino: merdjan

→ Romanian: mărgean

Borrowed from Arabic مَرْجَان (marjān, “coral”), from Classical Syriac ܡܪܰܓܳܢ (margān, “pearl-like”).

der

coral, any of many species of marine invertebrates in the class Anthozoa and the hard substance made of their skeletons


قبر

head

قبر • (kuber or kubber) (singulative قبره (kubere, kubbere))

kuber (romanization)
kubber (romanization)
قبره (singulative)

Borrowed from Arabic قُبَّر (qubbar, “lark”).

bor+

lark, any of several perching birds of the family Alaudidae


بال

Borrowed from Arabic بَال (bāl, “attention, heed”).

condition, status, a particular state of being in a specific moment


سنبل

head

سنبل • (sümbül)

ota-noun

سنبل • (sümbül)

Turkish: sümbül

→ Albanian: zymbyl

→ Bulgarian: зюмбю́л (zjumbjúl)

→ Gagauz: zümbül

desc

→ Greek: ζουμπούλι (zoumpoúli), ζιμπούλι n (zimpoúli)

Kurdish:

→ Northern Kurdish: sumbul, simbil

→ Ladino: zimbul

→ Macedonian: зумбул (zumbul)

→ Romanian: zambilă

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зу̀мбул

Latin script: zùmbul

Borrowed from Classical Persian سنبل (sunbul).

bor+

hyacinth, any plant of the genus Hyacinthus


اوزوم

head

اوزوم • (üzüm) (definite accusative اوزومی (üzümü), plural اوزوملر (üzümler))

üzüm (romanization)
اوزومی (accusative definite)
اوزوملر (plural)

Turkish: üzüm

→ Armenian: իւզիւմ (iwziwm)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *jüŕüm (“grape”); cognate with Azerbaijani üzüm, Bashkir йөҙөм (yöźöm), Chuvash иҫӗм (iś̬ĕm), Kazakh жүзім (jüzım), Kyrgyz жүзүм (jüzüm), Turkmen üzüm, Uyghur ئۈزۈم (üzüm) and Uzbek uzum.

inh+

grape, a small, round, smooth-skinned edible fruit of the genus Vitis, that grows in bunches on vines


بادم

Turkish: badem

→ Albanian: bajame

→ Adyghe: бадэ (badɛ)

→ Bulgarian: баде́м (badém)

→ Crimean Tatar: badem

→ Macedonian: бадем (badem)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

desc

Cyrillic script: бадем, ба̀јам, бајем (regional)

Latin script: badem, bàjam, bajem (regional)

Borrowed from Classical Persian بَادَام (bādām).

bor+

Prunus amygdalus
Prunus amygdalus#Translingual

almond, the nut produced by the small tree Prunus amygdalus


زنجبیل

zencebil (romanization)
zencefil (romanization)

Turkish: zencefil

→ Albanian: xhenxhefil

→ Armenian: զենճեֆիլ (zenčefil)

→ Bulgarian: джинджифи́л (džindžifíl)

From Persian زنجبیل (zanjabil), زنجفیل (zanjafil).


چمن

Turkish: çemen

desc

→ Armenian: չա̈մա̈ն (čʻämän), չեմեն (čʻemen)

caraway, Carum carvi (plant, seed and paste made from seeds used to coat meat)

Trigonella foenum-graecum
Trigonella foenum-graecum#Translingual

fenugreek, Trigonella foenum-graecum (plant, leaves, seed and paste from it)


زین

Turkish: zin

Borrowed from Persian زین (zin, “saddle”), itself from Middle Persian [script needed] (zyn' /zēn/, “saddle”).

der

saddle, a seat for a rider placed on the back of a horse or other animal


دارچین

head

دارچین • (darçın, tarçın)

ota-noun

دارچین • (darçın, tarçın)

darçın (romanization)
tarçın (romanization)

Turkish: tarçın

→ Albanian: darçin (regional)

→ Bulgarian: дарчи́н (darčín)

→ Macedonian: дарчин (darčin)

→ Serbo-Croatian: darčin / дарчин, tarčin / тарчин (regional)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dóru
Proto-Indo-Iranian *dā́ru
Old Persian 𐎭𐎠𐎽𐎢𐎺 (d-a-ru-u-v)der.
Old Chinese 秦 (*zin)der.?
Sanskrit चीन (cīna)der.
Classical Persian دَارْچِین (dārčīn)bor.
Ottoman Turkish دارچین
Borrowed from Persian دارچین (dârčin, “cinnamon”), from Middle Persian *dār-i-čēnīk (literally “Chinese tree”).

der

cinnamon, a spice from the dried bark of several trees of the genus Cinnamomum


شلغم

head

شلغم • (şalğam)

ota-noun

شلغم • (şalğam)

Turkish: şalgam

→ Armenian: շալղամ (šalġam)

desc

→ Georgian: შალღამი (šalɣami) — Javakheti, Meskheti, Chveneburi

→ Greek: σαλγάμι (salgámi)

→ Laz: შალღამი (şalğami)

Borrowed from Persian شلغم (šalğam, “turnip”).

bor+

Brassica rapa
Brassica rapa#Translingual

turnip, any plant with a white, edible root of the species Brassica rapa


تین

Turkish: tin


قاز

Turkish: kaz

From Proto-Turkic *kāŕ (“goose”); cognate with Azerbaijani qaz, Bashkir ҡаҙ (qaź), Karakhanid قازْ (qāz), Kazakh қаз (qaz), Kyrgyz каз (kaz), Turkmen gāz, Tuvan кас (kas) and Yakut хаас (qaas).


قوش

Turkish: kuş

→ Armenian: ղուշ (ġuš)

Inherited from Common Turkic *kuš (“bird”), from Proto-Turkic *kuĺ (“bird”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰴𐰆𐰽 (kuş), Azerbaijani quş, Bashkir ҡош (qoş), Kazakh құс (qūs), Kyrgyz куш (kuş), Turkmen guş, Uyghur قۇش (qush) and Uzbek qush.

inh+

bird, any member of the class of animals Aves, characterized by having feathers and wings


قوش

Turkish: koş

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *koĺ- (“pair, couple, to join, unite”), the same root of قوشمق (koşmak, “to connect, join, attach”). Cognate with Chagatai قوش (qoş), Kazakh қос (qos), Khakas хос (xos), Kyrgyz кош (koş), Southern Altai кош (koš) and Yakut хос (qos).

inh

yoke, team, a pair of draught animals, especially oxen, yoked together to pull something


قوش

→ Arabic: قُوش (qūš)

Compare قوسقون (kuskun, “crupper”), Turkish kaşka (“white spot on the forehead of animals”) and Kazakh құйысқан (qūiysqan).


قیصی

kaysi (romanization)
kayısı (romanization)

Turkish: kayısı

→ Albanian: kajsi

desc

→ Armenian: խայիսի (xayisi), կա̈յսիր (käysir)

→ Bulgarian: кайси́я (kajsíja)

→ Greek: καΐσι (kaḯsi), καϊσί (kaïsí)

→ Ladino: kayisi

→ Macedonian: кајсија (kajsija)

→ Persian: قیصی (qeysi)

→ Romanian: caisă

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кајсија

Latin script: kajsija

From Arabic قَيْسِي (qaysī, “an apricot cultivar with large size”), related to Arabic قَيْس (qays, “measurement, comparison”). Alternatively, has been suggested to originate from the placename قیصری (Kayseri), in the sense of "fruit produced in Kayseri".


عطر

head

ʼıtrı, ʼıtırı

عطر • (ʼıtr or ʼıtır) (definite accusative عطری (ʼıtrı, ʼıtırı), plural عطور (ʼutur))

ʼıtr (romanization)
ʼıtır (romanization)
عطری (accusative definite)
عطور (plural)

Turkish: ıtır

Borrowed from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr, “perfume, scent”).

bor+

rose geranium, any of several pelargoniums having rose-scented leaves, including important sources of rosewater


قمری

Turkish: kumru

→ Albanian: kumrí

→ Armenian: խումրի (xumri)

→ Bulgarian: кумри́я (kumríja)

→ Macedonian: кумрија (kumrija)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ку̀мрија

Latin script: kùmrija

From Old Anatolian Turkish, from Arabic قُمْرِيّ (qumriyy).


خاویار

Turkish: havyar

→ Albanian: havjar

→ Middle Armenian: խաւիար (xawiar)

Armenian: խավիար (xaviar)

→ Bulgarian: хайве́р (hajvér)

→ Italian: caviale

→ French: cavial

→ Medieval Latin: caviarium

→ Serbo-Croatian: àjvār / а̀јва̄р

→ Crimean Tatar: havyar

→ Venetan: caviaro

→ Dutch: kaviaar

→ Middle French: cavyaire

French: caviar

→ Arabic: كَافِيَار (kāfiyār)

→ Catalan: caviar

→ Danish: kaviar

→ Greenlandic: kaviaari

→ English: caviar

→ Korean: 캐비어 (kaebieo)

→ Welsh: cafiâr, cafiar

→ Estonian: kaviaro

→ Faroese: kaviar

→ Finnish: kaviaari

→ Galician: caviar

→ Icelandic: kavíar

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kaviar

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: kaviar

→ Polish: kawior

→ Portuguese: caviar

→ Romanian: caviar

→ Romansch: caviar

→ Spanish: caviar

→ Swahili: kaviar

→ German: Kaviar

→ Czech: kaviár

→ Hungarian: kaviár

→ Macedonian: кавијар (kavijar)

→ Serbo-Croatian: kȁvijār / ка̏вија̄р

→ Slovak: kaviár

From Old Anatolian Turkish, from Persian خاویار (xâvyâr).


ترشی

turşı (romanization)
turşu (romanization)

Turkish: turşu

→ Albanian: turshi

→ Arabic: طُرْشِيّ (ṭuršiyy)

→ Bulgarian: турши́я (turšíja)

→ Greek: τουρσί (toursí)

→ Ladino: trushi

→ Macedonian: туршија (turšija)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ту̀ршија / tùršija

pickle, vegetable made to last with vinegar or salt


عود

head

عود • (ʼud, öd)

wood, piece of wood or timber; stick, wand, etc.


نر

Turkish: ner


كف

Turkish: kef

Borrowed from Arabic كَفّ (kaff, “palm of the hand, hand, paw”).

bor+

hand, the part of the fore limb below the forearm or wrist


كف

Turkish: kef

Borrowed from Arabic كَفّ (kaff, “abstention”).

waiver, desistance, withdrawal, an act of withdrawing

(prosody) drop of the last consonant of the feet


عنب

head

عنب • (ʼineb) (definite accusative عنبی (ʼinebi), plural اعناب (eʼnâb))

ʼineb (romanization)
عنبی (accusative definite)
اعناب (plural)

Turkish: ineb

Borrowed from Arabic عِنَب (ʕinab, “grapes”), from Proto-Semitic *ʿanbab- (“fruit, flower, shoot”).


میمون

meymûn (romanization)
maymun (romanization)

Turkish: maymun

→ Albanian: majmun

→ Armenian: մեյմուն (meymun)

→ Bulgarian: майму́н (majmún)

→ Greek: μαϊμού (maïmoú)

→ Hungarian: majom

→ Ladino: maymona

→ Macedonian: мајмун (majmun)

→ Romanian: maimuță

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ма̀јмун

Latin script: màjmun

→ Georgian: მაიმუნი (maimuni)

Borrowed from Arabic مَيْمُون (maymūn, “monkey”).

bor+

monkey, ape, primate, any mammal in the order Primates


تبر

Turkish: teber

Borrowed from Persian تبر (tabar, “axe, hatchet”).

tuberose, any flowering plant in the genus Polianthes


كون

Turkish: geven

→ Armenian: գեւեն (gewen)


آت

Gagauz: at

Turkish: at

→ Albanian: at

→ Greek: άτι (áti)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *at (“horse”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐱃 (t¹ /at/), Azerbaijani at, Bashkir ат (at), Chuvash ут (ut), Kazakh ат (at), Kyrgyz ат (at), Turkmen at, Uyghur ئات (at), Uzbek: ot and Yakut ат (at).

inh+

Equus ferus caballus
Equus ferus caballus#Translingual

horse, any hoofed mammal of the species Equus ferus caballus, often used for riding and draft work


بیضه

Turkish: beyza, beyze, beyzi

egg, an organic vessel grown by birds, reptiles, insects, and other animals

testicle, the male sex and endocrine gland, found in some types of animals

kind of helmet made of iron, used to protect the head during a fight or battle

(by extension) headache, cephalalgia, a pain or ache in the head


جانباز

head

جانباز • (canbaz or cambaz) (definite accusative جانبازی (canbazı, cambazı), plural جانبازلر (canbazlar, cambazlar))

canbaz (romanization)
cambaz (romanization)
جانبازی (accusative definite)
جانبازلر (plural)

Turkish: cambaz

→ Albanian: xhambaz

desc

→ Armenian: ջամբազ (ǰambaz), ճամպազ (čampaz)

→ Macedonian: џамбаз (džambaz)

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish جانباز (cānbāz), from Persian جانباز (jânbâz, “one who plays with his life, hero”).

bor

(figurative, derogatory) sly fox, rascal, trickster, rogue, a sly, crafty, or dishonest person


باقلا

Turkish: bakla

→ Armenian: փախլա (pʻaxla)

→ Aromanian: baclã

→ Albanian: baklla

→ Bulgarian: бакла́ (baklá)

→ Macedonian: бакла (bakla)

desc

bȁkla / ба̏кла

→ Serbo-Croatian: bȁkla / ба̏кла

Borrowed from Arabic بَاقِلّاء (bāqillāʔ, “broad bean”), from Aramaic בקילא.

bor+

broad bean, fava bean, any edible bean of the species Vicia faba


زردالو

zerdalu (romanization)
zerdali (romanization)

Turkish: zerdali

desc

→ Armenian: զերտալի (zertali), զերտալու (zertalu), զա̈րդալո̈ւ (zärdalü)

→ Bulgarian: за́рзала (zárzala), зарзали́я (zarzalíja), зе́рдала (zérdala) (dialectal)

→ Cappadocian Greek: ζέρντελι (zérnteli)

→ Crimean Tatar:

Cyrillic script: зердали

Latin script: zerdali

→ Greek: ζέρδελο n (zérdelo), ζερδελί n (zerdelí), ζερδαλί n (zerdalí), ζέρζελο n (zérzelo), ζαρταλούδι n (zartaloúdi) (dialectal)

→ Pontic Greek: ζέρταλο n (zértalo), ζερταλί(ν) n (zertalí(n)), ζερτελί(ν) n (zertelí(n))

→ Romanian: zarzără

→ Russian: жердёла (žerdjóla) (dialectal)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: зердѐлица

Latin script: zerdèlica

From Old Anatolian Turkish زردالو (zerdalu), from Persian زردآلو (zard-âlu).


آری

Turkish: arı

→ Armenian: առը (aṙə)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ārï (“wasp, bee”); cognate with Azerbaijani arı, Kazakh ара (ara), Kyrgyz аары (aarı), Turkmen ary, Tuvan ары (arı), Uyghur ھەرە (here) and Uzbek ari.


آری

Turkish: arı

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *arïɣ (“clean, pure”), from *ạrï- (“clean, pure, to be clean; to clean, purify”) + *-ïg.

clean, pure, free of flaws or imperfections


نارنج

narenc (romanization)
narenç (romanization)

Turkish: narenc

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: nàrānča, nàrāndža

Cyrillic script: на̀ра̄нча, на̀ра̄нџа

Citrus aurantium
Citrus aurantium#Translingual


آرمود

Turkish: armut

→ Armenian: արմուտ (armut)

→ Yemenite, Iraqi, Syrian and Gulf Arabic: عَرْمُوط (ʕarmūṭ)

From Old Anatolian Turkish, from Persian ارمود (armud).

pear, an edible fruit produced by the pear tree


الما

head

الما • (elma) (definite accusative المایی (elmayı), plural المالر (elmalar))

elma (romanization)
المایی (accusative definite)
المالر (plural)

Turkish: elma

→ Middle Armenian: Էլմա (Ēlma)

Inherited from Common Turkic *alma; cognate with Azerbaijani alma, Bashkir алма (alma), Kazakh алма (alma), Kumyk алма (alma), Kyrgyz алма (alma), Tatar алма (alma), Turkmen alma, Uyghur ئالما (alma) and Uzbek olma.

apple, a common, round fruit produced by the tree Malus domestica


شفتالی

شفتالی • (şeftali)

ota-noun

شفتالی • (şeftali)


لیمون

Turkish: limon

lemon, the fruit of the tree Citrus limon


یومورطه

head

یومورطه • (yumurta) (plural یومورطهلر (yumurtalar))

yumurta (romanization)
یومورطهلر (plural)

Turkish: yumurta

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yumurtka (“egg”); cognate with Azerbaijani yumurta, Bashkir йомортҡа (yomortqa), Chuvash ҫӑмарта (śămart̬a), Kazakh жұмыртқа (jūmyrtqa), Kyrgyz жумуртка (jumurtka), Turkmen ýumurtga and Uzbek yumurtqa.

inh+

spawn, the numerous eggs released or deposited into water by aquatic animals


پاتاتس

Turkish: patates

desctree

→ Arabic: بَطَاطِس (baṭāṭis), بَطَاطَا (baṭāṭā), بَتَاتَا (batātā), بَطَاطَة (baṭāṭa)
→ Amharic: በጣጢስ (bäṭaṭis), በጣጥስ (bäṭaṭəs), መጣጢስ (mäṭaṭis)
→ Tigre: በጣጢስ (bäṭaṭis), በጣጢሽ (bäṭaṭiš)
→ Tigrinya: በጣጢስ (bäṭaṭis), በጣጢሽ (bäṭaṭiš), በጣጥስ (bäṭaṭəs), በጣጥሽ (bäṭaṭəš)

desc

→ Georgian: ფათათესი (patatesi), პატატესი (ṗaṭaṭesi) — Chveneburi

From Greek πατάτες (patátes), from Spanish patata, from Taíno batata.


طوماتس

From Greek τομάτες (tomátes), from Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl, from Proto-Nahuan *tomatl.


كستانه

Turkish: kestane
→ Zazaki: kestane

→ Armenian: քէստանէ (kʻēstanē), քաստանա (kʻastana)

q

or from German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">Kastanie</i>

→ Bulgarian: кестен (kesten) (or from German Kastanie)

→ Crimean Tatar: kestane

→ Serbo-Croatian: kesten / кестен (or from German Kastanie)

From Byzantine Greek κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ (kắstănă), from Ancient Greek κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ (kắstănă, “sweet chestnuts”).

der

Castanea sativa
Castanea sativa#Translingual

chestnut, the nut-like fruit of the tree Castanea sativa


طوت

Turkish: dut

→ Albanian: dudë

→ Aromanian: dudã

→ Bulgarian: дуд (dud)

→ Laz: მდუთა (mduta)

→ Macedonian: дуд (dud)

→ Romanian: dud, dudă

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ду̏д

Latin script: dȕd


ارز

The vocalization ürüz suggests borrowing from Arabic أُرُزّ (ʔuruzz), as also رز (rüz, “rice”) has its Arabic correspondence رُزّ (ruzz), and this word is not found elsewhere in Turkic, the vocalization erz is deemed unexplained but is probably the more common Arabic vocalization أَرُزّ (ʔaruzz) which should yield in Turkish *erüz but was elided through the form *eriz like Ottoman patterns usually variate between CVCC and CVCiC, the latter being colloquial and the former literary upcorrection.


طاوق

Turkish: tavuk

→ Armenian: թավուխ (tʻavux)

From the older form طاقوق (takuk), from Proto-Turkic *tiakïgu (“hen, fowl”); cognate with Azerbaijani toyuq, Bashkir тауыҡ (tawıq), Chuvash чӑх (čăh), Kazakh тауық (tauyq), Kyrgyz тоок (took), Tatar тавык (tawıq), Turkmen towuk, Uyghur توخۇ (toxu) and Uzbek tovuq.

hen, an adult female of the species Gallus gallus


كم

head

كم • (gem) (definite accusative كمی (gemi), plural كملر (gemler))

gem (romanization)
كمی (accusative definite)
كملر (plural)

Turkish: gem

→? Albanian: gjem

→ Armenian: կէմ (kēm), գյամ (gyam)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek κημός (kēmós, “muzzle; nosebag”).

der

bit, a piece of metal placed in a horse's mouth and connected to the reins to direct the animal

بادملو كم

bit with an almond-shaped part in the middle


قوقوروز

Turkish: kukuruz, kokoroz (dialectal)

→ Armenian: քուքուռիկ (kʻukʻuṙik)

→ Bashkir: кукуруз (kukuruz)

→ Bulgarian: кукуру́з (kukurúz)

→ Czech: kukuřice

→ Polish: kukurydza

desctree

→ Romanian: cucuruz
→ Ukrainian: кукуру́дза (kukurúdza)

→ Russian: кукуру́за (kukurúza)

→ Serbo-Croatian: kukùruz
→ German: Kukuruz
→ English: kukuruz
→ Hungarian: kukorica

⇒ Serbo-Croatian: kukuruza
→? Albanian: kukurec
→ Greek: κοκορέτσι (kokorétsi)
→ English: kokoretsi

→ Slovak: kukurica

→ Slovene: korúza

Unknown, several theories exist.
* From Albanian kokërrëz, from kokërr (“bead, pellet, grain”).
* Alternatively, of Slavic origin, a word used to feed poultry, see Proto-Slavic *kurъ (“cock”) with its many derivatives, in which case the descendants table must be omitted. The Serbo-Croatian word is first attested as kukuruza ‘buckwheat, Fagopyrum’ in 17th-century Ivan Belostenec's Gazophylacium. Compare the coordinate term Serbo-Croatian kikirìki m, Macedonian кикири́ка f (kikiríka), Albanian kikirik m (“peanut”), which, though it be of Italian origin, was surely interpreted as relating to chicken so that an analogical formation could be created, with a consonant added to append declensional endings.
* However, the word kuku used translingually to imitate and attract chicken might have been combined with the Ottoman Turkish رز (rüz), ارز (ürüz, “rice”), which may have had a back vowel since the choice between front and back vowel after Arabic ر (r) was unstable and earlier Ottoman was less palatalized.
Terms like the dialectal Czech turkyň, turkyňa, Czech turkyně, Italian granturco, French blé de Turquie, German türkischer Weizen, Türkischkorn, Hungarian törökbúza originate in New Latin frumentum turcicum mistakenly coined by European botanists in the 1530s, but their survival until present day may indicate that the consumption of maize spread to southeastern and east-central Europe from the Ottoman Empire.


جان اریكی

head

جان اریكی • (can eriği)

ota-noun

جان اریكی • (can eriği)

Turkish: can eriği, can erik

desc

→ Arabic: جَانَرِك (jānarik), جَنَارِك (janārik), جَارِنْك (jārink), جَارِينِك (jārīnik), جَانِيرِك (jānīrik), جَنِيرِك (janīrik)

→ Greek: τζανερίκι (tzaneríki)

⇒ Greek: τζάνερο (tzánero), τζένερο (tzénero), τζανερίκι (tzaneríki)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: џа̏нарика

Latin script: džȁnarika

Prunus cerasifera
Prunus cerasifera#Translingual

cherry plum, Prunus cerasifera (fruit and tree)

gage, Prunus domestica subsp. italica (fruit and tree)


خرج

Turkish: hurç

→ Armenian: խուրճ (xurč)

saddlebag, portmanteau, bysack, a large leathern sack or bag where a traveller’s effects are carried


بورون

Turkish: burun

→ Romanian: bornău

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *burun; cognate with Azerbaijani burun, Crimean Tatar burun, Karachay-Balkar бурун (burun), Tatar борын (borın), Turkmen burun, Uyghur بۇرۇن (burun) and Uzbek burun.

tip, the extreme end of something, especially when pointed


زاغ

Borrowed from Persian زاغ (zâğ, “rook”).

Corvus corone
Corvus corone#Translingual

carrion crow, the common European black crow (Corvus corone)

Corvus frugilegus
Corvus frugilegus#Translingual

rook, a common European bird of the crow family (Corvus frugilegus)


نعلبند

head

نعلبند • (naʼlband) (definite accusative نعلبندی (naʼlbandı), plural نعلبندلر (naʼlbandlar))

naʼlband (romanization)
نعلبندی (accusative definite)
نعلبندلر (plural)

Turkish: nalbant

→ Albanian: nallban

→ Bulgarian: налба́нт (nalbánt)

→ Macedonian: налбат (nalbat)

→ Romanian: nalbant

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: на̀лбант

Latin script: nàlbant

Borrowed from Persian نعلبند (na'l-band, “farrier”), from نعل (na'l, “horseshoe”) + بند (-band, “maker”).

bor+

farrier, horseshoer, a person who trims the hooves and fits the horseshoe


دخان

→ Albanian: duhan

→ Bulgarian: духа́н (duhán) (rare)

→ Hungarian: dohány

→ Romanian: duhan

→ Serbo-Croatian: ду̀ха̄н, ду̀ва̄н


كلك

Turkish: kelek

→ Armenian: Քելեկյան (Kʻelekyan)


كلك

Turkish: kelek

→ Armenian: քէլէկ (kʻēlēk)

From Old Anatolian Turkish, from Arabic كَلَك (kalak, “raft (of inflated skins)”), used locally by the Ottoman army.


كلك

Turkish: kelek

→ Armenian: քէլէկ (kʻēlēk)

From Persian کالک (kâlak, “unripe melon”).


كلك

From Persian کلک (kelk, “hollow reed, kex; pen”).


بوی

Turkish: boy

From Proto-Oghuz, from Persian بوی (bôy, “smell”).

(only constructed with اوتی (otu), تخمی (tohumu), or چیچگی (çiçeği)) fenugreek


بوی

Turkish: böcek, böcük

From Proto-Turkic *bȫg. Cognate with Azerbaijani böyə.


بادلجان

Turkish: patlıcan

→ Albanian: patëllxhan

→ Aromanian: pãtlãganã

→ Armenian: փաթլիճան (pʻatʻličan)

→ Belarusian: баклажан (baklažan)

desc

→ Bulgarian: патладжан (patladžan), патлиджан (patlidžan)

→ Hungarian: padlizsán

→ Crimean Tatar: patılcan

→ Czech: baklažán, patližán, patlažán

→ Greek: πατλιτζάνι (patlitzáni)

→ Laz: ფატიჯანი (paťicani)

→ Macedonian: патлиџан (patlidžan)

→ Malagasy: baranjely

→ Middle Georgian: ბადლიჯანი (badliǯani)

desctree

Georgian: ბადრიჯანი (badriǯani), პატრიჟანი (ṗaṭrižani), პატინჟან (ṗaṭinžan), ბადუმჟან (badumžan) — dialectal
→ Armenian: բադրիջան (badriǰan) — Tbilisi
→ Mingrelian: პატრიჟანი (ṗaṭrižani), ბადრიჟანი (badrižani)
→ Abkhaz: а-паҭырџьан (a-pʼatərdžan, “tomato”)
→ Svan: პა̈ტრიჯან (ṗäṭriǯan, “tomato”), პატრიჯან (ṗaṭriǯan), პატრაჯ (ṗaṭraǯ)

→ Polish: bakłażan

→ Romanian: pătlăgea, pătlăgică

→ Russian: баклажан (baklažan) (see there for further descendants)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: патлиџан

Latin script: patlidžan

→ Slovak: baklažán

→ Ukrainian: баклажан (baklažan)

→ Uzbek: baklajan

desc

פּאַטלעזשאַן

→ Yiddish: פּאַטלעזשאַן (patlezhan)


پاموق

Turkish: pamuk

→ Albanian: pambuk

→ Armenian: փամպուխ (pʻampux)

→ Balkan Romani: (Crimean, Sepečides) pambuki, (Kosovo Arli) pamuko

→ Bulgarian: паму́к (pamúk)

→ Hungarian: pamut

→ Karaim: памукъ (pamuq)

→ Macedonian: памук (pamuk)

pàmuk//па̀мук

→ Serbo-Croatian: pàmuk /па̀мук

→ Urum: памух (pamuh)

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (pambuk), itself from Middle Persian pmbk'; doublet of پنبه (pembe, “cotton”).

inh

cotton, the vegetal fibers produced by plants of the genus Gossypium


پنبه

Borrowed from Persian پنبه (panbe, “cotton”), itself from Middle Persian pmbk' and thus a doublet of پاموق (pamuk, “cotton”). Only the literal meaning "cotton" is attested up to the early 18ᵗʰ century, while the meaning "rosy, pink" is attested later and cannot be reliably justified from the colour of cotton (although there are natural colored varieties of cotton, including pink).


اشك

head

اشك • (eşek)

ota-noun

اشك • (eşek)

Turkish: eşek

Gagauz: yeşek

→ Armenian: էշեկ (ēšek)

→ Bulgarian: ешѐк (ešèk)

→ Laz: ეშეღი (eşeği)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ѐшек

Latin script: èšek

→? Sicilian: sceccu
→ Italian: scecco

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *eĺčgek (“donkey”); cognate with Azerbaijani eşşək, Bashkir ишәк (işək), Chuvash ашак (aš̬ak), Kazakh есек (esek), Kyrgyz эшек (eşek), Tatar ишәк (işäk), Turkmen eşek, Uyghur ئىشەق (isheq) and Uzbek eshak.


دوه

Gagauz: devä

Turkish: deve
→ Zazaki: deva

→ Albanian: deve

→ Armenian: դավա (dava)

→ Northern Kurdish: deve

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: дева

Latin script: deva

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tebe; cognate with Azerbaijani dəvə, Bashkir дөйә (döyə), Chuvash тӗве (tĕve), Kazakh түйе (tüie), Kyrgyz төө (töö), Turkmen düýe, Uyghur تۆگە (töge) and Uzbek tuya.

camel, any beast of burden of the genus Camelus


پیل

Turkish: pil


یاتاق

Turkish: yatak

→ Armenian: յաթախ (yatʻax)

→ Romanian: iatac

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yatgak (“bed”), from *yat- (“to lie, to sleep”), the same root of یاتمق (yatmak, “to lie down, sleep”) and یتاغان (yatağan, “type of sword”); cognate with Azerbaijani yataq and Crimean Tatar yataq.

(in general) every place on which one lies down


فول

desc

Turkish: fol, fala, hal, hol, höl, holu (dialectal)

Borrowed from Greek φώλι (fóli, “nest egg”), a derivative of φωλιά (foliá), ultimately from Ancient Greek φωλεός (phōleós, “den, lair”).

der

nest egg, a natural or artificial egg placed in a bird's nest


چام

Turkish: çam

→ Albanian: çam

→ Aromanian: ciam

→ Bulgarian: чам (čam)

→ Macedonian: чам (čam)

→ Romanian: ceam

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ча̏м

Latin script: čȁm

Borrowed from Arabic شَمْع (šamʕ, “wax; candle; torch”). The initial affrication is found in a few other words like چلتیك (çeltik, “rice”) and چمشیر (çimşir, “box”).


بایقوش

head

بایقوش • (baykuš)

ota-noun

بایقوش • (baykuš)

Turkish: baykuş

→ Georgian: ბაიყუში (baiq̇uši)

desc

→ Middle Armenian: պայղուշ (payġuš), պայըկուշ (payəkuš)

→ Armenian: բայղուշ (bayġuš), պայխուշ (payxuš) — Constantinople

→ Bulgarian: байкуш (bajkuš)

Uncertain. Perhaps from بای (bay, “rich”) + قوش (kuš, “bird”). Alternatively, inherited from Proto-Turkic *bāyk- (“owl”), and folk-etymologically connected to *kuĺ (“bird”). Compare also بایقره (baykara, “a bird of prey”).
Cognate with Azerbaijani bayquş, Turkmen bāýguş, Kazakh байғыз (baiğyz), Persian بایقوش (bâyquš) (a Turkic borrowing).


اوز

head

اوز • (üvez)

Turkish: üvez

From Greek [script needed] (úves), a plural form borrowed as singular, from Ancient Greek ὄᾱ (óā) or ὄον (óon).

sorb (fruit of service tree, Sorbus spp.)


چیچك

چیچك • (çiçek) (definite accusative چیچكی (çiçeği), plural چیچكلر (çiçekler))

çiçek (romanization)
چیچكی (accusative definite)
چیچكلر (plural)

Turkish: çiçek

desc

→ Armenian: չիչէկ (čʻičʻēk), չիչակ (čʻičʻak), չիչա̈գ^յ (čʻičʻägʸ)

→ Czech: šišák

desctree

→ German: Zischägge
→ English: zischägge

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: чи́чак

Latin script: číčak

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *čeček (“flower”); cognate with Azerbaijani çiçək, Bashkir сәсәк (səsək), Chuvash ҫеҫке (śeśke), Kazakh шешек (şeşek), Kyrgyz чечек (cecek), Tatar чәчәк (çäçäk), Uyghur چېچەك (chëchek), Uzbek chechak and Yakut чэчик (cecik).

cog

Tatar чәчәк (çäçäk)

دوكون چیچكی

düğün çiçeği

(botany) flower, the colourful reproductive structure associated with angiosperms

(pathology) smallpox, variola, a highly infectious disease caused by Variola virus

(chemistry) flower, a powder-like substance which is condensed from sublimation


قرباچ

head

قرباچ • (kırbaç) (definite accusative قرباچی (kırbaçı), plural قرباچلر (kırbaçlar))

kırbaç (romanization)
قرباچی (accusative definite)
قرباچلر (plural)

Turkish: kırbaç

→ Albanian: kërbaç

desctree

→ Arabic: كِرْبَاج (kirbāj), كُرْبَاج (kurbāj)
→ Tigre: ክርባጅ (kərbaǧ)

→ English: kurbash

→ Belarusian: карба́ч (karbáč)

→ Czech: karabáč

→ German: Karbatsche

→ French: cravache

→ Italian: cravascia (semi-learned), → cravache (unadapted)

→ French: courbache

→ Italian: curbascio (semi-learned)

→ Hungarian: korbács

→ Polish: korbacz, karbacz

→ Slovak: korbáč

→ Romanian: gârbaci

→ Russian: карба́ч (karbáč)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: kòrbāč, krbač, grbač

Cyrillic script: ко̀рба̄ч, крбач, грбач

→ Spanish: corbacho

→ Ukrainian: карба́ч (karbáč)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kïrmač (“whip, lash”), possibly from *kïr- (“to break”). The suffix may be cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (-maç) with onomatopoeic change to imitate a cracking whip. Cognate with Azerbaijani qırmanc, qırmac.

inh+

riding crop, horsewhip, quirt, any short type of whip without a lash used in horseriding to goad or direct a horse


هندی

Turkish: hindi

→ Armenian: հինտի (hinti)


اوردك

head

اوردك • (ördek)

ota-noun

اوردك • (ördek)

Turkish: ördek

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ȫrdek (“duck”); cognate with Azerbaijani ördək, Bashkir үрҙәк (ürźək), Kazakh үйрек (üirek), Kyrgyz өрдөк (ördök), Tatar үрдәк (ürdäk), Turkmen ördek, Uyghur ئۆردەك (ördek) and Uzbek oʻrdak.

inh+

duck, a freshwater bird in the family Anatidae


حشره

head

حشره • (haşere) (plural حشرات (haşerat))

Turkish: haşere

Borrowed from Arabic حَشَرة (ḥašara, “insect”).

bor+

insect, any arthropod in the Insecta class characterized by six legs


زخمه

head

زخمه • (zahme) (definite accusative زخمهیی (zahmeyi), plural زخمهلر (zahmeler))

zahme (romanization)
زخمهیی (accusative definite)
زخمهلر (plural)

Turkish: sakme

Borrowed from Persian زخمه (zaxme, “plectrum”).

bor+

stirrup strap, stirrup leather, a piece of leather or other material attached to the saddle that supports a stirrup


توتون

tutun (romanization)
tütün (romanization)

Turkish: tütün

Gagauz: tütün

→ Adyghe: тутын (tutən)

→ Armenian: թութուն (tʻutʻun)

→ Bulgarian: тютюн (tjutjun)

→ Central Kurdish: توتن (tutin)

→ Classical Syriac: ܬܬܘܢ

→ Georgian: თუთუნი (tutuni)

→ Iraqi Arabic: تتن

→ Kabardian: тутын (tutən)

→ Laz: თუთუნი (tutuni), ტუტუნი (ťuťuni)

→ Lishana Deni: תותון (tutun)

→ Macedonian: тутун (tutun)

→ Mingrelian: თუთუმი (tutumi)

→ Persian: توتون

→ Polish: tytoń

→ Romanian: tutun

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ту̀тӯн

Latin script: tùtūn

→ Ukrainian: тютюн (tjutjun)

From Proto-Turkic *tütün (“smoke”), from the verb *tüt(e)- (“to smoke”), whence also Ottoman Turkish توتمك (tütmek, “to give out smoke”).

cog

tobacco (for the pipe, as opposed to tobacco for the narghile تنباكو (tenbakü, tumbaki, tumbeki, tömbeki, tönbeki))


ماموت

Turkish: mamut

From French mammouth, from Russian ма́монт (mámont, “mammoth”), probably from a Uralic language.


نعل

head

نعل • (naʼl) (definite accusative نعلی (naʼlı), plural نعال (niʼal))

naʼl (romanization)
نعلی (accusative definite)
نعال (plural)

Turkish: nal

Borrowed from Arabic نَعْل (naʕl, “horseshoe”).

bor+

horseshoe, the U-shaped shoe of a horse, now typically made of metal


پاسقالیه

From Greek Πασχαλιά (Paschaliá, “Eastertide”).


پاسقالیه

Turkish: paskalya

From Greek πασχαλιά (paschaliá, “common lilac”).

Syringa vulgaris
Syringa vulgaris#Translingual

(usually with چیچگی (çiçeği)) common lilac (Syringa vulgaris)

Bellis perennis
Bellis perennis#Translingual

(usually with چیچگی (çiçeği)) common daisy (Bellis perennis)


ارنب

Turkish: erneb

Borrowed from Arabic أَرْنَب (ʔarnab, “hare”).


بالق

head

بالق • (balık)

ota-noun

بالق • (balık)

Turkish: balık

→ Armenian: պալըխ (paləx)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bālɨk (“fish”); cognate with Azerbaijani balıq, Bashkir балыҡ (balıq), Chuvash пулӑ (pulă), Kazakh балық (balyq), Kyrgyz балык (balık), Tatar балык (balıq), Turkmen bālyk, Uyghur بېلىق (bëliq) and Uzbek baliq.

كومش بالغی

gümüş balığı

fish, a cold-blooded animal that lives in water


اریك

Turkish: erik

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *erük (“plum, apricot”); cognate with Bashkir өрөк (örök), Kazakh өрік (örık), Kyrgyz өрүк (örük), Turkmen erik, Uyghur ئۆرۈك (örük) and Uzbek oʻrik.

inh+

Prunus domestica
Prunus domestica#Translingual

plum, the edible, fleshy stone fruit of Prunus domestica


نانه

head

نانه • (nane) (definite accusative نانهیی (naneyi), plural نانهلر (naneler))

nane (romanization)
نانهیی (accusative definite)
نانهلر (plural)

Turkish: nane

Borrowed from Arabic نَعْنَاع (naʕnāʕ, “mint”), a word of Hurrian origin.

bor+

mint, any plant in the genus Mentha, typically aromatic with square stems


بوغدای

boğday (romanization)
buğday (romanization)

Turkish: buğday

desc

→ Laz: ბუღდაჲი (buğdayi), ბოღდა (boğda) — Vizha

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *boguday (“wheat”); cognate with Azerbaijani buğda, Bashkir бойҙай (boyźay), Kazakh бидай (bidai), Kyrgyz буудай (buuday), Southern Altai буудай (buuday), Turkmen bugdaý, Uyghur بۇغداي (bughday) and Uzbek bugʻdoy.

inh+

wheat, any of several cereal grains of the genus Triticum


آرپه

Turkish: arpa

→ Armenian: արփա (arpʻa)

→ Georgian: არფა (arpa) — Chveneburi

→ Laz: არფა (arpa)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *arpa (“barley”); cognate with Azerbaijani arpa, Bashkir арпа (arpa), Chuvash урпа (urp̬a), Kazakh арпа (arpa), Kyrgyz арпа (arpa), Tatar арпа (arpa), Turkmen arpa and Uzbek arpa.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare#Translingual


آترینه

aterine (romanization)
aterina (romanization)

Turkish: aterina

Borrowed from Greek αθερίνα (atherína, “smelt”), from Ancient Greek ἀθερίνη (atherínē, “smelt”).

der

sandsmelt, any small fish in the genus Atherina


تازی

head

تازی • (tazı) (definite accusative تازیی (tazıyı), plural تازیلر (tazılar))

tazı (romanization)
تازیی (accusative definite)
تازیلر (plural)

Turkish: tazı

Borrowed from Persian تازی (tâzi, “a dog breed”), itself from Middle Persian tʾcyk' (tāzīg, “swift, fast”).

der

greyhound, a lean breed of dog which has been bred for coursing, racing and hunting

تازیلاتمق

to make or let become as thin as a greyhound


ون

Perhaps from or related to Persian ون (van, “ash tree”).


چنار

head

چنار • (çınar)

ota-noun

چنار • (çınar)

Turkish: çınar

→ Albanian: çinar

→ Armenian: չընար (čʻənar)

→ Bulgarian: чина́р (činár)

→ Greek: τσινάρι (tsinári)

→ Macedonian: чинар (činar)

Borrowed from Persian چنار (čenâr), itself from Middle Persian cynʾl (činār).

Platanus orientalis
Platanus orientalis#Translingual

oriental plane, chinar, any deciduous tree of the species Platanus orientalis


سار

Borrowed from Persian سار (sâr, “starling”).

bor+

Sturnus vulgaris
Sturnus vulgaris#Translingual


زنبق

Turkish: zambak

→ Albanian: zambak

→ Aromanian: zãmbácã

desc

→ Bulgarian: замба́к (zambák), самба́к (sambák), дзъмба́к (dzǎmbák), тъмба́к (tǎmbák), зомба́к (zombák)

→ Greek: ζαμπάκι (zampáki), τσαμπάκι (tsampáki)

→ Macedonian: замбак (zambak)

→ Romanian: zambác

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: замбак

Latin script: zambak


زغر

Turkish: zağar

→ Albanian: zagar

desctree

→ Middle Armenian: զաղառ (zaġaṙ), զաղար (zaġar)
Armenian: զաղար (zaġar)

→ Aromanian: zãgár, zãghár

desc

→ Bulgarian: зага́р (zagár), зага́р (zagár)

→ Byzantine Greek: ζαγάριον (zagárion), ζαγάριν (zagárin), ζαγάρι (zagári)

Greek: ζαγάρι (zagári)

→ Macedonian: загар (zagar)

→ Serbo-Croatian: за̀га̄р / zàgār

From Old Anatolian Turkish. The origin is uncertain. Compare Proto-Kartvelian *ʒ₁aɣl- (“dog”) on one end and Proto-Basque *zakur (“dog, hound”), Corsican ghjacaru (“dog”), Sardinian giagaru (“dog”) on the other.


مایه

Turkish: maye

Borrowed from Persian مایه (mâye, “origin, source”).


مایه

Turkish: maya

→ Armenian: մայա (maya)

→ Bulgarian: мая́ (majá)

→ Greek: μαγιά (magiá)

→ Macedonian: маја (maja)

→ Romanian: maia

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ма̀ја

Latin script: màja

Borrowed from Persian مایه (mâye, “leaven, yeast”).

brood beast, a female animal kept for fecundation


قرنفل

Turkish: karanfil

→ Albanian: karafil

desc

→ Bulgarian: каранфи́л (karanfíl), карамфи́л (karamfíl), карафи́ль (karafílʹ), ка́рафил (kárafil)

→ Macedonian: каранфил (karanfil), каранфилче (karanfilče)

→ Middle Armenian: ղարանֆիլ (ġaranfil), ղարանֆուլ (ġaranful)

Armenian: ղարանֆիլ (ġaranfil), ղարաֆիլ (ġarafil), խառանֆիլ (xaṙanfil), խարաֆիլ (xarafil), կանաֆիլ (kanafil)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: кара̀нфил, каранфѝлић

Latin script: karànfil, karanfìlić


عنبر

Turkish: amber

Borrowed from Arabic عَنْبَر (ʕanbar, “ambergris”).

bor+

Physeter macrocephalus
Physeter macrocephalus#Translingual

(by extension) sperm whale, the largest of the toothed whales (Physeter macrocephalus)


لوز

Turkish: levz

Borrowed from Arabic لَوْز (lawz, “almond”).

almond, the nut produced by the small tree Prunus amygdalus


قارپوز

head

قارپوز • (karpuz) (plural قارپوزلر (karpuzlar))

Turkish: karpuz

desc

→ Abkhaz: а-карпы́жә (a-kʼarpʼə́ẑʷ)

→ Abkhaz: а-карпы́жә (a-kʼarpʼə́ẑʷ)

→ Adyghe: хъырбыдз (ꭓərbədz)

→ Albanian: karpuz

→ Bulgarian: карпу́за (karpúza)

→ Greek: καρπούζι (karpoúzi)

→ Kabardian: хъарбыз (ꭓarbəz)

→ Ladino: karpus

→ Serbo-Croatian: kàrpuza / ка̀рпуза

Borrowed from Classical Persian خربز (xarbuz), variant of خربزه (xarbuza, “melon”).

bor+

Citrullus lanatus
Citrullus lanatus#Translingual


ایر

Turkish: eyer

desc

→ Armenian: էյէր (ēyēr), ա̈յա̈ր (äyär), էկէռ (ēkēṙ)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ēder (“saddle”); cognate with Azerbaijani yəhər, Bashkir эйәр (eyər), Chuvash йӗнер (jĕner), Kazakh ер (er), Kyrgyz ээр (eer), Turkmen eýer, Uyghur ئىگەر (iger) and Uzbek egar.

saddle, a seat for a rider placed on the back of a horse or other animal


شفتالو

head

شفتالو • (şeftalı)

ota-noun

شفتالو • (şeftalı)

Turkish: şeftali, şeftalı

→ Bulgarian: шефталия (šeftalija) (archaic)

→ Crimean Tatar: şaftalı

→ Northern Kurdish: şeftalî

→ Ladino: shefteli

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шефтелија, шептелија, шевтелија, шепталија (archaic)

Latin script: šeftelija, šeptelija, ševtelija, šeptalija (archaic)

From Old Anatolian Turkish شفتالو (şeftalü, şeftali), from Persian شفتالو (šaftâlu).


بصل

Turkish: basal

Borrowed from Arabic بَصَل (baṣal, “onion”).


غراب

Borrowed from Arabic غُرَاب (ḡurāb, “crow, raven”).


یوز

head

یوز • (yuz) (definite accusative یوزی (yuzu), plural یوزلر (yuzlar))

yuz (romanization)
یوزی (accusative definite)
یوزلر (plural)

Turkish: yuz

Borrowed from Persian یوز (yuz, “cheetah”), from Middle Persian ywc (yōz)

bor+

panther, any mammal of the genus Panthera, which includes big cats such as the leopard, jaguar, tiger, etc.


كراس

Turkish: kiraz

→ Armenian: քիրազ (kʻiraz)

→ Crimean Tatar: kiraz

→ Azerbaijani: gilas


كشف

head

كشف • (keşef) (definite accusative كشفی (keşefi), plural كشفلر (keşefler))

keşef (romanization)
كشفی (accusative definite)
كشفلر (plural)

Turkish: keşef

Borrowed from Persian کشف (kašaf, “tortoise, turtle”), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (kšwk' /kašawag/, “tortoise”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *kacyápah.

der

tortoise, turtle, terrapin, any reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body


قطن

Turkish: kutn

Borrowed from Arabic قُطْن (quṭn, “cotton”).

bor+

cotton, the vegetal fibers produced by plants of the genus Gossypium

cotton, any plant in the genus Gossypium used as a source of this fiber


مركب

head

مركب • (mürekkeb) (plural مركبات (mürekkebat))

Turkish: mürekkep

→ Albanian: myreqep, mireqep, mereçep

desc

մուրա̈քք^յա̈բ

→ Armenian: միւրէկկէպ (miwrēkkēp), մուրա̈քք^յա̈բ (muräkʻkʻʸäb), միրէքէպ (mirēkʻēp), միւրէքէպ (miwrēkʻēp)

→ Bulgarian: мурекеп (murekep) (obsolete)

→ Crimean Tatar: mürekep, merekep

→ Serbo-Croatian: (archaic)

Cyrillic script: мурѐћеп, мурѝћеп, мурѝкеп, мурѐћеф

Latin script: murèćep, murìćep, murìkep, murèćef

Borrowed from Arabic مُرَكَّب (murakkab, “compound”), passive participle of رَكَّبَ (rakkaba, “to assemble, to compose, to combine”).

bor+

compound, a substance formed by chemical bonding of two or more elements

ink, a colorant-based solution used to color or dye a surface together with a quill


مركب

Turkish: merkep

Borrowed from Arabic مَرْكَب (markab, “ship, boat; saddle”), a noun of place from the verb رَكِبَ (rakiba, “to ride”).

(originally) anything mounted or ridden for travel, like a ship, boat, or vessel

(currently) ass, donkey, any domestic animal of the species Equus asinus asinus


ماش

Turkish: maş

From Persian ماش (mâš), from Sanskrit माष (māṣa, “mungo bean”).

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata#Translingual


خرطوم

Turkish: Hartum

Borrowed from Arabic خُرْطُوم (ḵurṭūm, “trunk, proboscis”).


قاقم

head

قاقم • (kakım or kakum) (definite accusative قاقمی (kakımı), plural قاقملر (kakımlar))

kakım (romanization)
kakum (romanization)
قاقمی (accusative definite)
قاقملر (plural)

Turkish: kakım

desc

→ Armenian: քաքում (kʻakʻum), գագում (gagum)

→ Romanian: cacom

Borrowed from Persian قاقم (qâqom, “ermine, stoat”), from Middle Persian kʾkwm (kākom, “stoat”).

bor+

Mustela erminea
Mustela erminea#Translingual

ermine, stoat, a weasel found in northern latitudes whose fur turns white in winter (Mustela erminea)


سمور

head

سمور • (samur or semur) (definite accusative سموری (samuru), plural سمورلر (samurlar))

samur (romanization)
semur (romanization)
سموری (accusative definite)
سمورلر (plural)

Turkish: samur

→ Albanian: samur

desc

→ Armenian: սամուր (samur), սամուռ (samuṙ)

→ Bulgarian: саму́р (samúr), съму́рь (sǎmúrʹ)

→ Byzantine Greek: σαμούριον (samoúrion)

→ Greek: σαμούρι (samoúri)

→ Old Church Slavonic: самꙋринъ (samurinŭ)

→ Crimean Tatar: samur / самур

→ Macedonian: самур (samur)

→ Romanian: samur

→ Serbo-Croatian: sàmūr / са̀мӯр

Borrowed from Persian سمور (samur, “sable”), from Middle Persian smwl (*samōr, “sable”).

bor+

Martes zibellina
Martes zibellina#Translingual

sable, any carnivorous mammal of the species Martes zibellina and its pelt or fur


ركاب

Turkish: rikâb

Borrowed from Arabic رِكَاب (rikāb, “stirrup”).

ركاب همایون

the sultan's presence on a State occasion

stirrup, a ring or hoop for a horseman's foot while mounting or riding


شبك

Turkish: şebek

→ Albanian: shebek

→ Armenian: շէպէկ (šēpēk)

→ Aromanian: shibec, shubec, geabec

→ Bulgarian: шебек (šebek)

→ Greek: σεμπέκα (sempéka)

→ Macedonian: шебек (šebek)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шѐбек

Latin script: šèbek


سمر

head

سمر • (semer) (definite accusative سمری (semeri), plural سمرلر (semerler))

semer (romanization)
سمری (accusative definite)
سمرلر (plural)

Turkish: semer

desc

→ Armenian: սեմեր (semer), սա̈մա̈ր (sämär)

From Greek σαμάρι (samári, “packsaddle”), from Ancient Greek σαγμάριον (sagmárion), a diminutive of σάγμᾰ (ságmă, “packsaddle”). Alternatively, it could derive from Proto-Turkic *samar (“sack, packsaddle”), even though this is less likely.

سمری دوكمك

to hesitate before taking a responsibility

packsaddle, bat, a saddle used to secure and carry goods on the back of an animal


تذرو

Turkish: tezerv

Phasianus colchicus
Phasianus colchicus#Translingual


صرت

head

صرت • (sırt)

ota-noun

صرت • (sırt)

Turkish: sırt
→ Armenian: սըրթ (sərtʻ)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *sïrt (“back, rear of the body”); cognate with Bashkir һірт, Crimean Tatar sırt, Kumyk сырт (sırt), Kyrgyz сырт (sırt), Southern Altai сырт (sïrt), Tatar sırt and Uzbek sirt.

inh

back, the rear of the body, especially its upper part

the ridge of a beast's back, especially the part covered by the saddle

the main ridge of a mountain or mountain chain

(by extension) the back part of an object, such as a knife or sword

the fur from the middle strip along the back of a beast's skin


زردوا

Turkish: zerdeva

desc

→ Armenian: զերտեւա (zertewa), զերտավա (zertava), զերտա (zerta), զէրտէվա (zērtēva), զէրտէվայ (zērtēvay), զերտավայ (zertavay), զերտայ (zertay) — traditional orthography

→ Bulgarian: зерда́в (zerdáv), зерда́ва (zerdáva)

→ Greek: ζερδαβάς (zerdavás)

→ Kipchak:

Armeno-Kipchak: զարտավա (zärdäva)

→ Laz: ზერდავა (zerdava)

→ Romanian: zerdava, zardava

→ Serbo-Croatian: zèrdāv / зѐрда̄в

Martes martes
Martes martes#Translingual

pine marten, Martes martes (animal and its fur)


فستق

head

فستق • (fıstık)

ota-noun

فستق • (fıstık)

Turkish: fıstık

→ Albanian: fistik, fëstëk

gloss

influenced by French <i class="Latn mention" lang="fr">pistache</i>

→ Belarusian: фісташка (fistaška) (influenced by French pistache)

→ Bulgarian: фъстъ́к (fǎstǎ́k)

→ Crimean Tatar: fıstıq

desc

→ English: fistichnut, fisticknut, fistinut

→ Middle French: fistique

→ Greek: φιστίκι (fistíki)

→ Ladino: fustuk

→ Macedonian: фастак (fastak), ф’стак (f’stak)

→ Portuguese: fistico

→ Romanian: fistic

desctree

→ Russian: фиста́шка (fistáška)
→ Armenian: ֆիստաշկա (fistaška)
→ Bashkir: фисташка (fistaşka)
→ Georgian: ფისტაშკა (pisṭašḳa) (informal)
→ Polish: fistaszek
→ Yiddish: פֿיסטאַשקע (fistashke)

→ Ukrainian: фіста́шка (fistáška) (influenced by French pistache)

Borrowed from Arabic فُسْتُق (fustuq, “pistachio”).

bor+

Pistacia vera
Pistacia vera#Translingual

pistachio nut, the nutlike fruit of pistachio (Pistacia vera)


مكس

Turkish: meges

Borrowed from Persian مگس (magas, “fly”).


نیل

head

نیل • (nil) (definite accusative نیلی (nili), plural نیللر (niller))

نیلی (accusative definite)
نیللر (plural)

Turkish: nil

Borrowed from Persian نیل (nil, “indigo”), from Middle Persian 𐭭𐭩𐭫 (nīl), ultimately from Sanskrit नील (nīla, “dark blue”).

bor+

Indigofera tinctoria
Indigofera tinctoria#Translingual

indigo, any leguminous plant of the genus Indigofera, but especially Indigofera tinctoria


فاخته

Turkish: fattıke (with metathesis)

First attested in 1482 in Old Anatolian Turkish, from Persian فاخته (fâxte).

Columba palumbus
Columba palumbus#Translingual

two types of columbids:
wood pigeon (Columba palumbus)

Streptopelia turtur
Streptopelia turtur#Translingual

two types of columbids:
turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur)


مورد

Turkish: murt

Borrowed from Persian مورد (murd, “myrtle”).

Myrtus communis
Myrtus communis#Translingual


سوط

head

سوط • (savt) (definite accusative سوطی (savtı), plural سیاط (siyât) or اسواط (esvât))

savt (romanization)
سوطی (accusative definite)
سیاط (plural)
اسواط (plural)

Turkish: savt

Borrowed from Arabic سَوْط (sawṭ, “whip, scourge”), perhaps from Old Georgian შოლტი (šolṭi, “whip”), via Aramaic שׁוֹטָא (šōṭā, “whip”).

bor+

riding crop, horsewhip, quirt, any short type of whip without a lash used in horseriding to goad or direct a horse


ترنج

turunç (romanization)
türünç (romanization)

Turkish: turunç


بوقاغی

head

بوقاغی • (bukağı)

ota-noun

بوقاغی • (bukağı)

Turkish: bukağı

→ Bulgarian: букаи́ (bukaí)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: бука̀гије

Latin script: bukàgije

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bukagu (“fetters, chain, string”); cognate with Azerbaijani buxov, Bashkir бығау (bığaw), Chuvash пӑхав (păh̬av), Kazakh бұғау (būğau), Uzbek boʻgʻov and Yakut бакаайы (bakaayı).

inh+

hobble, a short strap tied between the legs of horses


داری

head

داری • (darı)

Gagauz: darı

Turkish: darı

desc

→ Armenian: տառը (taṙə), տառոս (taṙos), տարոս (taros)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tạrïg (“millet”); cognate with Azerbaijani darı, Bashkir тары (tarı), Chuvash тырӑ (tyră), Kumyk тари (tari), Kyrgyz таруу (taruu), Turkmen dary, Uyghur تېرىق (tëriq) and Uzbek tariq.

inh+

Panicum miliaceum
Panicum miliaceum#Translingual

millet, any of various types of cereals, especially Panicum miliaceum


طرخون

tarhun (romanization)
tarhon (romanization)

Turkish: tarhun

→ Aromanian: tãrhúne

→ Bulgarian: тарху́н (tarhún) (regional)

→ Macedonian: тархун (tarhun) (regional)

→ Romanian: tarhón

→ Serbo-Croatian: tarhun (isolated in Bosnia)

Borrowed from Arabic طَرْخُون (ṭarḵūn), itself from Ancient Greek δρακόντιον (drakóntion).

Artemisia dracunculus
Artemisia dracunculus#Translingual

tarragon, estragon (Artemisia dracunculus)

Tanacetum balsamita
Tanacetum balsamita#Translingual


قسط

head

قسط • (kust) (definite accusative قسطی (kustu), plural قسطلر (kustlar))

kust (romanization)
قسطی (accusative definite)
قسطلر (plural)

Borrowed from Arabic قُسْط (qusṭ, “costus”), ultimately from Sanskrit कुष्ठ (kuṣṭha, “crepe ginger”).

bor+

Saussurea costus
Saussurea costus#Translingual

costus, a composite growing on the Himalayas whose root has been used in traditional medicine (Saussurea costus)


سدر

Turkish: sidre


زنجفیل

Alternative form of زنجبیل (zencebil, zencefil)


كتان

Turkish: keten

Borrowed from Arabic كَتَّان (kattān, “flax”).

Linum usitatissimum
Linum usitatissimum#Translingual


راوند

head

راوند • (ravend) (definite accusative راوندی (ravendi), plural راوندلر (ravendler))

ravend (romanization)
راوندی (accusative definite)
راوندلر (plural)

Turkish: ravent

→ Albanian: raven

→ Armenian: ռավենտ (ṙavent)

desc

→ Greek: ραβέντι (ravénti), ρεβέντι (revénti)

→ Romanian: revent

→ Russian: реве́нь (revénʹ)

→ Ukrainian: ре́вінь (révinʹ)

→ Uzbek: revand

Borrowed from Classical Persian ریوند (rivand, “rhubarb”), itself from Middle Persian *rēwand.

bor+

any plant of the genus Rheum, especially rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum)


فلس

any scale-like thing, as a spangle, etc.


یولاف

Gagauz: yulaf

Turkish: yulaf

desc

→ Armenian: յուլաֆ (yulaf), ուլաֆ (ulaf)

Vulgarized form of Arabic عَلَف (ʕalaf, “fodder, grass, hay”); cognate with Azerbaijani yulaf and Persian یولاف (yulâf).

der

oat, any widely cultivated cereal grass of the genus Avena, especially Avena sativa


زمام

Turkish: zimam

Borrowed from Arabic زِمَام (zimām, “reins”).

bor+

rein, a strap or rope attached to a bridle or bit


قاون

kavun (romanization)
kavın (romanization)

Turkish: kavun

desctree

→ Arabic: قَاوُون (qāwūn, “bitter melon, cantaloupe”)
Kurdish:
→ Northern Kurdish: qawin, qawûn

desc

→ Georgian: ყავუნი (q̇avuni) — Chveneburi

→ Laz: კავონი (ǩavoni)

→ Ukrainian: каву́н (kavún, “watermelon”) (or possibly from Tatar)

→ Belarusian: каву́н (kavún)

→ Polish: kawon

→ Yiddish: קאַווענע (kavene)


شكمبه

Turkish: işkembe

→ Albanian: shkembë

→ Aromanian: schimbeu, schimbiu, șchembe

→ Bulgarian: шкембе́ (škembé), чкембе́ (čkembé)

→ Greek: σκεμπές (skempés)

→ Macedonian: шкембе (škembe), чкембе (čkembe)

→ Romanian: schimbea, schembea

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шкѐмбе, škѐmba

Latin script: škèmbe, škèmba

tripe, chitterlings, rumen used in the kitchen


فاشرا

head

فاشرا • (faşira)

ota-noun

فاشرا • (faşira)

bor

Arabic فَاشِرَا (fāširā)


بقم

bakam (romanization)
bakkam (romanization)

Turkish: bakam, bakkam

→ Albanian: bakam, bakëm

→ Armenian: պախամ (paxam)

→ Aromanian: bãcãme

→ Belarusian: бака́н (bakán)

→ Bulgarian: бака́м (bakám)

desc

→ Greek: μπαχάμι (bachámi), μπακάμι (bakámi)

→ Macedonian: бакам (bakam)

→ Romanian: băcan

→ Russian: бака́н (bakán)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ба̀кам

Latin script: bàkam

→ Ukrainian: бака́н (bakán)

طبیعی بویالرك اك مهملری كوك بویا ، بقام اغاجی ، چیوید ، زغفران جهرى وقرمزدر .

red paint from the plants of the Caesalpinieae tribe used for their brazilin-containing woods; with آغاجی (ağacı) the plant itself


سرخس

serehs (romanization)
serhas (romanization)


چوجق

head

چوجق • (çocuk) (definite accusative چوجغی (çocuğu), plural چوجقلر (çocuklar))

çocuk (romanization)
چوجغی (accusative definite)
چوجقلر (plural)

Turkish: çocuk


بزر

بزر • (bezr or bezir) (definite accusative بزری (bezri, beziri), plural بزور (buzur))

bezr (romanization)
bezir (romanization)
بزری (accusative definite)
بزور (plural)

Turkish: bezir

→ Armenian: պէզիր (pēzir)

Borrowed from Arabic بَزْر (bazr, “seed, what is sown”), itself from Aramaic בִּזְרָא (bizrā, “seed”).

bor+

(botany) seed, a fertilized and ripened ovule inclosed in a coat, containing an embryonic plant

(in particular) linseed, flaxseed, the seed of the flax plant, which yields linseed oil whend dried

linseed oil, an oil extracted from dried linseed used as a drying agent in paints, varnishes, etc.


قوزی

head

قوزی • (kuzı)

ota-noun

قوزی • (kuzı)

Turkish: kuzu

→ Arabic: قُوزِي (qūzī)

desc

→ Armenian: խուզի (xuzi), կուզի (kuzi), քուզում (kʻuzum)

→ Middle Armenian: Ղուզի (Ġuzi), Ղուզում (Ġuzum)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *koŕï (“lamb”); cognate with Azerbaijani quzu, Bashkir Ҡуҙы (Quźı), Kazakh қозы (qozy), Turkmen guzy and Uzbek qoʻzi.


ساج

Turkish: sac, saç (dated)

From Persian ساج (sâj) or Arabic سَاج (sāj).

teak tree and wood (Tectona gen. et spp.)


اسپنوز

Turkish: ispinoz


چاغنوس

head

چاغنوس • (çağanoz)

ota-noun

چاغنوس • (çağanoz)

Turkish: çağanoz

Of unknown origin. Byzantine Greek τσαγανός (tsaganós) / Greek τσαγανός (tsaganós, “crab”) has been found in sources from Constantinople and Keşan; there being a Pontic Greek τσαγάνα (tsagána, “crab”). Whereas Byzantine Greek ζαγάνος (zagános), Romanian zăgan, Ottoman Turkish زغنوس ,زاغنوس (zağanoz) means a vulture, being from Persian زغن (zağan), variant of Persian زاغ (zâğ).

cog

زغنوس ,زاغنوس


فلامور

head

فلامور • (fılamur)

ota-noun

فلامور • (fılamur)

desc

Turkish: ıhlamur, fambur, felembur, felenbur, filanbur, fılambur, firambul, ıhlambur, ihlamır, ilamur, illamur, uhlamur (dialectal)

→ Armenian: ըխլամուր (əxlamur), օխլամուր (ōxlamur) (Constantinople)

→ Laz: ოხლამური (oxlamuri)

Borrowed from Greek φλαμούρι (flamoúri, “linden”), from Byzantine Greek *φλαμούρι(ο)ν (*phlamoúri(o)n, “linden”), whence also Pontic Greek φλαμούριν (flamoúrin), φλαμούρι (flamoúri), Laz ჶლამური (flamuri), ჶელამური (felamuri).
The Greek tree name is thought to be identical with Byzantine Greek φλάμμουρον, φλάμπουρον (phlámmouron, phlámpouron, “war flag”) (Greek φλάμπουρο (flámpouro, “war flag”)), since linden wood was apt for making war flags, from Medieval Latin flammulum, flammula (“war flag in form of a flame”), from Latin flamma (“flame”).

der

*φλαμούρι(ο)ν

m+

φλάμμουρον, φλάμπουρον


معدنوس

head

معدنوس • (mağdanos, maydanos, madanos, medenos, meğdenos)

mağdanos (romanization)
maydanos (romanization)
madanos (romanization)
medenos (romanization)
meğdenos (romanization)

Turkish: maydanoz

desc

→ Albanian: majdanoz, magdanoz, mandanoz, majdanos, magdanos

→ Armenian: մաղադանոս (maġadanos)

→ Bulgarian: магдано́з (magdanóz), майдано́з (majdanóz)

→ Greek: μαϊντανός (maïntanós)

→ Ladino: maydanoz

→ Macedonian: магдонос (magdonos)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: мајдо̀нос

Latin script: majdònos

Borrowed from Arabic مَعْدُونِس (maʕdūnis).

Petroselinum crispum
Petroselinum crispum#Translingual

معدنوز

mağdanoz, maydanoz, madanoz, medenoz, meğdenoz

صو معدنوسی

celery, Apium graveolens syn. Apium aquaticum


چمشیر

head

چمشیر • (çimşir)

ota-noun

چمشیر • (çimşir)

Turkish: şimşir

→ Albanian: shimshir

→ Aromanian: šimšír

desc

→ Bulgarian: чимши́р (čimšír), чемши́р (čemšír)

→ Greek: τσιμσίρι (tsimsíri), τσιμισίρι (tsimisíri)

→ Karachay-Balkar: шемсер (şemser)

→ Macedonian: шимшир (šimšir)

→ Romanian: cimișir, cimșir

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: шѝмшир

Latin script: šìmšir

From Old Anatolian Turkish شمشاد (şimşad), from Persian شمشاد (šemšâd).

Buxus sempervirens
Buxus sempervirens#Translingual


قلقان بالغی

head

قلقان بالغی • (kalkan balığı)

ota-noun

قلقان بالغی • (kalkan balığı)

Turkish: kalkan balığı

desc

խալխան պալըխի

→ Armenian: խալխան (xalxan), խալխան պալըխի (xalxan paləxi)

→ Bulgarian: калка́н (kalkán)

→ Greek: καλκάνι (kalkáni)

→ Macedonian: калкан (kalkan)

→ Romanian: calcán

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ка̀лка̄н

Latin script: kàlkān

From قلقان (kalkan, “shield”) + بالق (balık, “fish”).

compound

turbot (Scophthalmus maximus, earlier Psetta maxima).


كوپك

head

كوپك • (köpek)

Turkish: köpek

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *köpek (“dog”); cognate with Azerbaijani köpək, Crimean Tatar köpek, Kazakh көпек (köpek), Turkmen köpek and Uzbek koʻppak.

Canis lupus familiaris
Canis lupus familiaris#Translingual


ایت

Gagauz: it

Turkish: it

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *it (“dog”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰃𐱃 (ït), Azerbaijani it, Bashkir эт (et), Chuvash йытӑ (jyt̬ă), Kazakh ит (it), Kyrgyz ит (it), Turkmen it, Uyghur ئىت (it), Uzbek it and Yakut ыт (ıt).

Canis familiaris
Canis familiaris#Translingual

dog, a mammal of the family Canidae, especially the domesticated species Canis familiaris


بوینوز

Turkish: boynuz

→ Crimean Tatar: boynuz

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *büńüŕ (“horn”); cognate with Azerbaijani buynuz, Bashkir мөгөҙ (mögöź), Kazakh мүйіз (müiız), Kyrgyz мүйүз (müyüz), Tatar мөгез (mögez), Uyghur مۈڭگۈز (münggüz) and Uzbek muguz.

inh+

horn, any of several wind instruments with one narrow end into which the musician blows


سرچه

head

سرچه • (serçe) (definite accusative سرچهیی (serçeyi), plural سرچهلر (serçeler))

serçe (romanization)
سرچهیی (accusative definite)
سرچهلر (plural)

Turkish: serçe

→ Armenian: սերչե (serčʻe)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *serče (“sparrow”); cognate with Azerbaijani sərçə, Chuvash ҫерҫи (śerś̬i), Karakhanid سَجا (seçe), Salar sece and Turkmen serçe.

inh+

sparrow, any small perching bird in the family Passeridae, especially the house sparrow


سیكك

head

سیڭك • (siñek)

ota-noun

سیڭك • (siñek)

Turkish: sinek

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *siŋek (“mosquito; fly”); cognate with Azerbaijani sinək, Chuvash шăна (šăna), Crimean Tatar sinek, Southern Altai сек (sek), Turkmen siňek and Tuvan сээк (seek).


بالدران

head

بالدران • (baldıran)

ota-noun

بالدران • (baldıran)

Turkish: baldıran

→ Armenian: պալտըրան (paltəran)

Cognate of Azerbaijani baldırğan (“hogweed”), Kazakh балдырған (baldyrğan, “hogweed”), Kyrgyz балтыркан (baltırkan, “hogweed”), Bashkir балтырған (baltırğan, “hogweed”), Tatar балтырган (baltırgan, “hogweed”), Chuvash пултран (pultran) and пултӑран (pult̬ăran, “hogweed”),
Tuvan палдырган (paldırgan, “hogweed”), Northern Altai палтырган (paltïrgan, “hogweed; angelica”),
Khakas палтырған (paltırğan, “angelica; hogweed”),
Chagatai بالدیرغان (baldırğan) and بالدیرغو (baldırğu, “hogweed; angelica”). Passed into Northwest Caucasian: Kabardian батыргъэн (batərğɛn, “hogweed”), Adyghe батыргъэн (batərğɛn, “hogweed”), into Western Mari палдыран (paldyran, “hogweed”), and Dari بلدرغو (baldarğū, “hogweed; angelica”).
Ultimately from Proto-Mongolic, reflected as
Middle Mongol ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨᠠ (balčirɣan-a, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷ (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix ᠭᠠᠨᠠ (-ɣana),
Mongolian балчиргана (balčirgana, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as балчир (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix -гана (-gana)
Note how German Baldrian and its Romance appendage Medieval Latin valeriāna from which English valerian, distorted after the verb valēre (“to be powerful”) or also the gentilic name Valerius, derive from this Turkic and Mongolic word, as does Hungarian bojtorján for the burdock – consider the Pannonian Avars for context, direct neighbours of the Germans from the late 6ᵗʰ to the early 9ᵗʰ century. The Slavic designation of the valerian that can be reconstructed for the timeframe in question is already a calque of the Latin, *odolěnъ.

cog

Conium maculatum
Conium maculatum#Translingual


كدی

head

كدی • (kedi) (definite accusative كدییی (kediyi), plural كدیلر (kediler))

kedi (romanization)
كدییی (accusative definite)
كدیلر (plural)

Turkish: kedi

Probably from Byzantine Greek γατί (gatí, “kitten”), but see note at Old Armenian կատու (katu).


كدی اوتی

Turkish: kedi otu

From كدی (kedi, “cat”) + اوت (ot, “grass, herb”).

Valeriana officinalis
Valeriana officinalis#Translingual

valerian, any perennial flowering plant of the species Valeriana officinalis

Nepeta cataria
Nepeta cataria#Translingual

Asarum europaeum
Asarum europaeum#Translingual


زارغنه

Turkish: zargana

From Greek ζαργάνα (zargána), σαργώνη (sargóni), σαργώνος (sargónos), extended from Greek σαργός (sargós), from Ancient Greek σαργός (sargós).

Belone belone
Belone belone#Translingual

needlefish, sea-pike, greenbone (Belone belone syn. Belone acus)


واطوس

Turkish: vatoz

rayfish, ray, sea ray, skate, rajiform fish


كستره

kestere (romanization)
küstere (romanization)

Turkish: kestere, küstere

→ Crimean Tatar: kestere

From Ancient Greek κέστρον (késtron, “betony”).

bor

Stachys officinalis
Stachys officinalis#Translingual

wood betony (Stachys officinalis syn. Betonica officinalis)


وشنه

head

وشنه • (vişne)

ota-noun

وشنه • (vişne)

Turkish: vişne

→ Armenian: ֆիշնէ (fišnē)

→ English: visney

desctree

→? Georgian: ქვიშნა (kvišna), ვიშნა (višna) — Guria
→ Mingrelian: ქვიშნა (kvišna)

→ Laz: ვიშნე (vişne)

From a South Slavic language, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *višьňa.


قاپوسقه

Turkish: kapuska

→ English: kapuska

→ French: kapouska

desc

→ Armenian: խափուսխա (xapʻusxa), կափուսկա (kapʻuska)

→ Ubykh: qabasqa

From Russian капу́ста (kapústa), from Old East Slavic капуста (kapusta), from Latin composita.

a stew of drumhead cabbage in butter or oil


رافدان

rafıdan (romanization)
rafadan (romanization)

Turkish: rafadan

From Greek αὐγά ῥουφητά (augá rhouphētá, literally “soft eggs”).

bor

αὐγά ῥουφητά


كلبك

Turkish: kelebek

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kepelek (“butterfly”); cognate with Azerbaijani kəpənək, Bashkir күбәләк (kübələk), Kazakh көбелек (köbelek), Kyrgyz көпөлөк (köpölök), Turkmen kebelek, Uyghur كېپىنەك (këpinek) and Uzbek kapalak.

inh+

butterfly, any diurnal flying insect of the order Lepidoptera


صكسار

head

صڭسار • (sañsar)

Turkish: sansar

→ Arabic: سَنْسَار (sansār)

→ Armenian: սամսար (samsar)

→ Bulgarian: сансар (sansar)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: sànsār

Cyrillic script: сӑнса̄р

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *saġsar (“marten”); cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (saġsar), Azerbaijani sansar, Bashkir һыуһар (hıwhar), Kazakh сусар (susar), Kyrgyz суусар (suusar), Southern Altai суузар (suuzar) and Uzbek suvsar.

inh+

marten, especially the beech marten, a carnivorous mammal of the species Martes foina


جدوار

Turkish: cedvar

Curcuma zedoaria
Curcuma zedoaria#Translingual


مرسین

Turkish: mersin

→ Azerbaijani: mərsin

Borrowed from Arabic مَرْسِين (marsīn), itself from Ancient Greek μυρσίνη (mursínē).

Myrtus communis
Myrtus communis#Translingual


فل

ota:particle broken off because of notching

piece broken off because of notching, fragment, sliver


فل

Turkish: ful, full

→ Greek: φούλι (foúli)

Jasminum sambac
Jasminum sambac#Translingual

Jasminum grandiflorum
Jasminum grandiflorum#Translingual

Arabian jasmine (Jasminum sambac), and Spanish jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum)

Philadelphus coronarius
Philadelphus coronarius#Translingual

sweet mock orange (Philadelphus coronarius)


صنار

head

صنار • (sınar)

ota-noun

صنار • (sınar)

(rare) Alternative form of چنار (çınar, “oriental plane (Platanus orientalis)”)


آیوا

Turkish: ayva

→ Armenian: այվա (ayva)

desctree

→ Crimean Tatar: ayva, aywa (Romanian spelling)
→ Belarusian: айва́ (ajvá)
→ Russian: айва́ (ajvá)
→ Ukrainian: айва́ (ajvá)
→ Polish: ajwa

desc

from the form <i class="Latn mention" lang="tr">hayva</i>

→ Iraqi Arabic: حيوة (ḥēwa) (from the form hayva)

→ Laz: ჰაჲვა (hayva), ჰეჲვა (heyva)

Ultimately from Persian آبی (âbi, “quince”), in turn from Persian آب (âb, “water”) (as in 'a fruit that is watered manually, rather than by rain' (cf. دائمی (daimî, “watered by rain (and not by hand)”)).


سروی

Turkish: servi, selvi

→ Albanian: selvi

→ Armenian: սալվի (salvi), սալբ (salb), սալբի (salbi), սելվի (selvi), սևլի (sewli), սարվի (sarvi) (all dialectal), Սալբի (Salbi) (female given name)

→ Bulgarian: се́лвия (sélvija), се́влия (sévlija) — metathesis, σέλβεια — Greek

→ Greek: σελβίνι (selvíni) — Cretan

→ Macedonian: селвија (selvija)

sèlvija//сѐлвија

→ Serbo-Croatian: sèlvija /сѐлвија

→ Crimean Tatar: servi, selbi


فاصولیه

fasulye (romanization)
fasulya (romanization)

Turkish: fasulye, fasulya, fasülye (misspelling)

desctree

فَاصُولِيَاء

→ Arabic: فَاصُولِيَاء (fāṣūliyāʔ), فَاصُولِيَا (fāṣūliyā), (misspelling) فَصُولِيَاء (faṣūliyāʔ)
→ Central Kurdish: فاسولیا (fasulya)
→ Oromo: fasooliyaa

→ Armenian: ֆասուլյա (fasulya)

→ Ladino: fasulya

desc

→ South Levantine Arabic: فاصوليا (faṣūlya)

From Greek φασούλια (fasoúlia), φασολιά (fasoliá).

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris#Translingual

bean, French bean (various Phaseolus vulgaris types of preparations and plants)


پانجار

Turkish: pancar, pencer, pençer, perpencer

→ Albanian: panxhar

→ Arabic: بَنْجَر (banjar)

→ Bulgarian: панджа́р (pandžár)

→ Greek: παντζάρι (pantzári)

→ Ladino: pandjar

→ Romanian: pangea

From Armenian բանջար (banǰar, “edible greens, vegetable”) (in dialects also փանջար (pʻanǰar), փա̈նջա̈ր (pʻänǰär), պա̈նջա̈ր (pänǰär) etc.), from Old Armenian բանջար (banǰar, “edible greens, vegetable”).

der

Beta vulgaris
Beta vulgaris#Translingual

beet (Beta vulgaris plant, leaves and tree)


مازو

Turkish: mazı

→ Armenian: մազի (mazi)

Borrowed from Persian مازو (mâzu, “gall nut”).

bor+

(botany) gall, nutgall, oak apple, a blister or growth found on the surface of plants, especially the Aleppo gall

Aleppo oak, any small oak native to Greece and Asia Minor of the species Quercus infectoria, best known for its galls

arbor vitae, thuja, any of the evergreen, coniferous trees and shrubs of the genera Thuja and Thujopsis


میشه

head

میشه • (meşe) (definite accusative میشهیی (meşeyi), plural میشهلر (meşeler))

meşe (romanization)
میشهیی (accusative definite)
میشهلر (plural)

Ultimately from Classical Persian بیشه (bēša, “forest”), with a change of initial consonant /b/ > /m/ found also in other words, such as مقره (makara, “pulley”), منكشه (menekşe, “violet”), or منتشه (menteşe, “hinge”).

oak, any deciduous, hardwood tree in the genus Quercus of the beech family


كز

Gagauz: keez

Turkish: gez

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *keŕ (“nock, notch of an arrow”); cognate with Azerbaijani gəz, Bashkir: гиз (giz), Kazakh кез (kez), Tatar [script needed] (kirtü) and Tuvan кес (kes).

inh+

nock, the notch at the rearmost end of an arrow that fits on the bowstring

plummet, plumb line, a cord with a weight attached, used to produce a vertical line


كز

Turkish: gez

→ Crimean Tatar: gez

Fraxinus ornus
Fraxinus ornus#Translingual


زقوم

zakkum (romanization)
zikkum (romanization)
zıkkum (romanization)

Turkish: zakkum

desc

→ Bulgarian: зоку́м (zokúm), заку́м (zakúm)

→ Macedonian: зокум (zokum)

Nerium oleander
Nerium oleander#Translingual


چورك اوتی

head

چورك اوتی • (çörek otu)

ota-noun

چورك اوتی • (çörek otu)

Turkish: çörek otu

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ћорокот, ћурокот, ћурукот, ћурекот, чорокот, чурокот, чурукот, чурекот

Latin script: ćorokot, ćurokot, ćurukot, ćurekot, čorokot, čurokot, čurukot, čurekot

From چورك (çörek, “bun, sweet bread”) + اوت (ot, “grass, herb”).

Nigella sativa
Nigella sativa#Translingual

black caraway, any plant of the genus Nigella sativa and its seeds


چقال

head

چقال • (çakal)

ota-noun

چقال • (çakal)

desctree

Turkish: çakal
→ Greek: τσακάλι (tsakáli)
→ Portuguese: chacal

→ Albanian: çakall

desc

→ Armenian: չախալ (čʻaxal), չախկալ (čʻaxkal)

→ Azerbaijani: çaqqal

→ Bulgarian: чакал (čakal)

→ Central Kurdish: چەقەڵ (çeqell)

→ French: chacal (see there for further descendants)

→ Lezgi: чакъал (čaq̄al)

→ Macedonian: чакал (čakal)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ча̀гаљ

Latin script: čàgalj

→ Crimean Tatar: çaqal

Borrowed from Persian شغال (šağâl, šoğâl).

bor

šağâl, šoğâl


پاتقه

Turkish: patka


دارفلفل

darfülfül (romanization)
darfilfil (romanization)

desc

Turkish: darülfülfül, darıfülfül, darifülfül

дара́-фирфир

q

дарѣ́-фирфир

(дарѣ́-фирфир)

→ Bulgarian: дарфирфи́р (darfirfír), дар-фирфи́р (dar-firfír), дара́-фирфир (dará-firfir) (дарѣ́-фирфир), дара́-фирфил (dará-firfil)

bor

دَارْفِلْفِل

دار فلفل

dar-fülfül, dar-filfil, dar-ı fülfül, dar-ı filfil


شندره

head

شندره • (şendere or şindere) (definite accusative شندرهیی (şendereyi), plural شندرهلر (şendereler))

şendere (romanization)
şindere (romanization)
شندرهیی (accusative definite)
شندرهلر (plural)

Turkish: şendere

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian šȋndra / ши̑ндра (“shingle, batten”), from German Schindel (“shingle”).

shingle, a thin piece of building material for laying in overlapping rows as a covering for the roof

stave, a narrow strip of wood placed edge to edge to form the covering of a barrel or other vessel

striped red mullet, surmullet, any kind of goatfish of the species Mullus surmuletus


كوكم

گوگم • (güğüm)

ota-noun

گوگم • (güğüm)

Turkish: güğüm

→ Crimean Tatar: gügüm

→ Greek: γκιούμι (gkioúmi)

→ Macedonian: ѓум (ǵum)

From Ancient Greek κουκκούμιον (koukkoúmion), κούκκουμα (koúkkouma), from Classical Syriac ܩܘܿܩܡܳܐ (qūqəmā, “pot”), absolute state ܩܘܿܩܽܡ (qūqum), from Imperial Aramaic 𐡒𐡅𐡒𐡌 (qwqm), from Akkadian 𒂁𒆪𒆪𒁍 (/kukkubu, quqquba/, “a smaller container used as an alabastron, libation jar, or drinking flask; originally a drinking pouch made from an animal’s stomach, any similar pouch with a small opening”), suspected to have been loaned or developed from Sumerian 𒂁𒃻𒋫𒆸 (/gugguru/, “tall earthen vessel with a narrow opening”).

der

kind of kettle or ewer with handle, spout and lid, especially made of copper


كوكم

head

گوگم • (göğem, güğem)

ota-noun

گوگم • (göğem, güğem)

گوگم (canonical)
göğem (romanization)
güğem (romanization)

Turkish: göğem, güvem, gövem, güğem

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kȫkem (“sloe, blackthorn”) and thus related to گوك (gök, “sky”). Cognate with Azerbaijani göyəm, Bashkir күгэн (kügen), Chagatai كوگم (kögem), Kipchak كوكان (kögan), Kumyk гоган (gogan), Nogai көген and Tatar күгэн (kügen)

inh+

Prunus spinosa
Prunus spinosa#Translingual

blackthorn, any large shrub or small tree of the species Prunus spinosa


چلتیك

head

چلتیك • (çeltik)

ota-noun

چلتیك • (çeltik)

Turkish: çeltik

From Persian شلتوک (šaltôk, “rice still in the husk; rice-hull”), a compound of شالی (šâli, “rice hull”) + توک (tôk, “bundle, fagot; handle, grip”).

bor

paddy, paddy field, rice paddy, an irrigated or flooded field where rice is grown


قنب

kınnep (romanization)
kınnap (romanization)

Turkish: kınnap

→ Albanian: konop

→ Bulgarian: кана́п (kanáp)

→ Macedonian: канап (kanap)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ка̀на̄п

Latin script: kànāp

Cannabis sativa
Cannabis sativa#Translingual


قباق

head

قباق • (kabak) (definite accusative قباغی (kabağı), plural قباقلر (kabaklar))

kabak (romanization)
قباغی (accusative definite)
قباقلر (plural)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kabak or *kapak (“gourd, pumpkin, marrow”), a diminutive of *kab (“cover; container”); equivalent to قاب (kab, “cover, envelope”) + ـاق (-ak, noun and adjective diminutive suffix). Cognate with Azerbaijani qabaq, Kazakh қабақ (qabaq), Salar gabaq and Tatar кабак (qabaq).

suffix

(figuratively, humorous) bald head, a head having no hair or having a large area of bare scalp on top


مشمله

Turkish: muşmula

desc

→ Albanian: mushmullë, mushmollë, mushmulla, mushmolla

→ Arabic: مَشْمَلَة (mašmala), بَشْمَلَة (bašmala)

→ Armenian: մուշմուլա (mušmula), մշմոլա (mšmola)

→ Aromanian: mushmulã

→ Azerbaijani: muşmula

→ Bulgarian: му́шмула (múšmula), мо́шмула (móšmula)

desctree

→ Crimean Tatar: muşmula
→ Belarusian: мушмула́ (mušmulá)
→ Russian: мушмула́ (mušmulá)
→ Ukrainian: мушмула́ (mušmulá)

desc

→ Georgian: მუშმულა (mušmula), მუშმალა (mušmala)

→ Laz: მუშმულლა (muşmulla)

→ Macedonian: мушмула (mušmula)

→ Megleno-Romanian: mușmul

→ Romanian: mușmulă, mușmul, moșmol, moșmon, moșmulă, moșmoală, moșmoană

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: му̀шмула

Latin script: mùšmula

From Greek μούσμουλο (moúsmoulo), from Ancient Greek μέσπιλον (méspilon).


یكی دنیا

head

یَڭی دُنیا • (Yeñi Dünyâ)

ota-proper-noun

یَڭی دُنیا • (Yeñi Dünyâ)

یَڭی دُنیا (canonical)
Yeñi Dünyâ (romanization)

Turkish: Yeni Dünya


رزنه

Turkish: rezene, raziyane

→ Armenian: ըռեզենե (əṙezene)

→ Azerbaijani: rəzənə

→ Bulgarian: резене́ (rezené)

Foeniculum vulgare
Foeniculum vulgare#Translingual


كرویز

kereviz (romanization)
kerviz (romanization)

Turkish: kereviz

→ Armenian: քերեվիզ (kʻereviz)

desc

→ Bulgarian: кереви́з (kerevíz), керви́з (kervíz)

Borrowed from Persian کرویز (karaviz), obsolete form of now کرفس (karafs, “celery”).


كشنش

head

كشنش • (kişniş)

ota-noun

كشنش • (kişniş)

Turkish: kişniş

→ Armenian: քիշնիշ (kʻišniš)

→ Bulgarian: кишни́ш (kišníš) (regional)

desc

→ Karaim: кишниш, кишнош

→ Karaim: кишниш, кишнош

From Old Anatolian Turkish كشنش (kişniş), كشنچ (kişniç), from Persian گشنیج (gešnij, “coriander”).

Coriandrum sativum
Coriandrum sativum#Translingual


آناصون

anason (romanization)
anasun (romanization)

Turkish: anason

→ Albanian: anason

→ Armenian: անասոն (anason), անասուն (anasun)

→ Bulgarian: анасо́н (anasón)

→ Greek: ανασόνι (anasóni)

→ Macedonian: анасон (anason)

→ Romanian: anason, anison — Moldavia (region), Bukovina

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ана̀сон

Latin script: anàson

From Old Anatolian Turkish, exposing the recent form آناصون (anason) only at the Late Ottoman stage by vowel harmony and borrowed in the spellings and vocalizations آنسون (anesun) and آنیسون (anisun) from Arabic أَنْسُون (ʔansūn), أَنِيسُون (ʔanīsūn), itself a science translation loan from Ancient Greek ἄνισον (ánison).

Pimpinella anisum
Pimpinella anisum#Translingual

Graeco-Arabic translation movement
vowel harmony


زرزور

head

زرزور • (zurzur) (plural زرازیر (zarazir))

Borrowed from Arabic زُرْزُور (zurzūr, “starling”).

bor+

Sturnus vulgaris
Sturnus vulgaris#Translingual


پراصه

head

پراصه • (prasa or pırasa) (definite accusative پراصهیی (prasayı), plural پراصهلر (prasalar))

prasa (romanization)
pırasa (romanization)
پراصهیی (accusative definite)
پراصهلر (plural)

Turkish: pırasa

desc

→ Armenian: փըրասա (pʻərasa), փըռասա (pʻəṙasa)

→ Middle Armenian: փռասա (pʻṙasa)

→ Ladino: prasa

From Greek πράσα (prása), plural of πράσο (práso, “leek”), itself from Ancient Greek πράσον (práson, “leek”).

Allium ampeloprasum
Allium ampeloprasum#Translingual

leek, any vegetable with edible leaves of the species Allium ampeloprasum


پورتقال

head

پورتقال • (portokal, portakal, portukal)

portokal (romanization)
portakal (romanization)
portukal (romanization)

Turkish: portakal

→ Albanian: portokall

→ Arabic: بُرْتُقَال (burtuqāl) (see there for further descendants)

→ Azerbaijani: portağal

desc

→ Armenian: փորթուխալ (pʻortʻuxal), փորթուքալ (pʻortʻukʻal), փորթուկալ (pʻortʻukal)

→ Bulgarian: портока́л (portokál)

desctree

→ Classical Persian: پُرْتُقَال (purtuqāl), پُرْتِقَال (purtiqāl)
→ Khalaj: purtəğâl

→ Gagauz: portokal

→ Georgian: ფორთოხალი (portoxali)

→ Kurdish:

Northern Kurdish: pirteqal

Central Kurdish: پرتهقاڵ (pirteqall)

→ Ladino: portokal

→ Laz: ფოტუკალი (poťuǩali)

→ Macedonian: портокал (portokal)

desc

→ Serbo-Croatian: partòkal, partòkol, portòkal, portàkal, prtòkal (Bosnia regional)

Borrowed from Italian portogallo (“orange”), compare Greek πορτοκάλι (portokáli).

bor+

پورتقال آغاجی

پورتقال چیچگی

كچنده پورتقال طورنجی كوندردكك لكن غایت اكشی
geçende portokal turuncu gönderd{iğ}iñ lakin ğayet ekşi

a. 1730, Ahmed III, a letter to the grand vizier

you sent Portuguese oranges the other day but they were very sour


چیلك

head

چیلك • (çilek) (definite accusative چیلكی (çileği), plural چیلكلر (çilekler))

çilek (romanization)
چیلكی (accusative definite)
چیلكلر (plural)

Turkish: çilek

desc

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܟ̰ܸܠܲܝܩܵܐ (čillayqa)

→ Egyptian Arabic: شليك (šilēk) (archaic)

→ Iraqi Arabic: شليك (šillēk)

→ Kurdish:

Northern Kurdish: çîlek

Central Kurdish: چیلەک (çîlek)

Blend of Proto-Turkic *čiye (“cherry”) and *yegelek (“berry”). Compare Azerbaijani çiyələk, Chagatai چیلاك (čiläk), Kazakh жидек (jidek), Khakas чистек (çistek), Kumyk жиелек (jiyelek), Southern Altai јиилек (ǰiilek) and Tatar җиләк (ciläk) for similar formations.

strawberry, the sweet, usually red, edible fruit of certain plants of the genus Fragaria


یكیبهار

یڭیبهار (canonical)
yeñibahar (romanization)

Turkish: yenibahar

→ Romanian: ienibahar

Univerbation of یڭی (yeñi, “new”) + بهار (bahar, “spice”), so called across languages because it was grown suddenly as an allrounder and widely from the end of the 18th and to the beginning of the 20th century, back then German Neugewürz, Modegewürz and still Slovak nové korenie.


صوغان

head

صوغان • (soğan)

ota-noun

صوغان • (soğan)

Turkish: soğan

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: со̀ган

Latin script: sògan

From Proto-Turkic *sogan (“onion”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰣𐰍𐰽 (soɣun), Azerbaijani soğan, Chuvash сухан (suh̬an), Mongolian сонгино (songino), Tatar суган (suğan), Turkmen sogan and Tuvan согуна (soguna).

corm, a short and swollen underground stem of a plant


بالدرغان

head

بالدرغان • (baldırğan)

ota-noun

بالدرغان • (baldırğan)

Turkish: baldırgan, baldırğan (dialectal)

See بالدران (baldıran, “poison hemlock”) for more information.

Ferula assa-foetida
Ferula assa-foetida#Translingual


حلتیت

head

حلتیت • (hıltit)

ota-noun

حلتیت • (hıltit)

Turkish: hıthıt, hiltit, hıltıt, hıltit

Borrowed from Arabic حِلْتِيت (ḥiltīt, “asafoetida”), itself from Aramaic חלתיתא (ḥeltīṯā, “asafoetida”).

bor+

asafoetida, hing, devil's dung, a resinous gum from the stem and roots of Ferula species


آلاجهری

Turkish: ala cehri (“Rhamnus”)

→ Greek: αλιζάρι (alizári)

→ French: alizari

desctree

→ Middle Armenian: ալաժահր (alažahr)
Armenian: ալաժահրի (alažahri)

From آلا (ala, “spotted; speckled; pied; striped; variegated”) + جهری (cehri, “the yellowberry, fruit of Rhamnus infectorius etc.”).

affix

speckled buckthorn berries, i. e. yellow-berries, fruit of Rhamnus infectorius or Rhamnus amygdalinus, used as a dye (called alizaris in the Levant)


لیلاق

Turkish: leylak

desc

→ Albanian: llullaq, lilak, lailak, laila

→ Armenian: լեյլախ (leylax), լելաղ (lelaġ)

→ Bulgarian: лю́ляк (ljúljak), ли́ляк (líljak), ли́лек (lílek), лю́лек (ljúlek), люле́к (ljulék), люляка f (ljuljaka) — Eastern dialects

→ Polish: lilak (also from French)

→ Romanian: liliac

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: љи́љак

Latin script: ljíljak

→ Ukrainian: лілія́к (liliják) (dialectal, also from French)


چیویت

head

چیویت • (çivit) (definite accusative چیویتی (çiviti), plural چیویتلر (çivitler))

çivit (romanization)
چیویتی (accusative definite)
چیویتلر (plural)

Turkish: çivit

→ Albanian: çivit

desc

→ Armenian: չիվիտ (čʻivit), չվիթ (čʻvitʻ)

→ Macedonian: чивит (čivit)

→ Romanian: civit

→ Serbo-Croatian: (regional)

Cyrillic script: чѝвит

Latin script: čìvit

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *čüvit (“indigo”); cognate with Azerbaijani çiyid, Crimean Tatar чивит and Kyrgyz чивит (civit).

inh+

Indigofera tinctoria
Indigofera tinctoria#Translingual

indigo, any leguminous plant of the genus Indigofera, but especially Indigofera tinctoria


كفال

Turkish: kefal

→ Armenian: քեֆալ (kʻefal)

→ Azerbaijani: kefal

→ Georgian: კეფალი (ḳepali)

Mugil cephalus
Mugil cephalus#Translingual


فسلكن

فسلگن (canonical)
fesleğen (romanization)

Turkish: fesleğen

→ Armenian: ֆեսլիյեն (fesliyen)

From Ancient Greek βασιλικόν (basilikón).


آهوطودی

Turkish: ahududu

آهو (ahu, “gazelle”) + طوت (tut, dut, “mulberry”).


پازی

head

پازی • (pazı)

ota-noun

پازی • (pazı)

Turkish: pazı

→ Greek: παζί (pazí)

→ Ladino: pazi

→ Serbo-Croatian: (sporadic, extinct)

Cyrillic script: пазија, па̀зјак, па̀сјак

Latin script: pazija, pàzjak, pàsjak

From a dialectal form of Armenian բազուկ (bazuk).


اشتیر

head

اشتیر • (iştir)

ota-noun

اشتیر • (iştir)

Turkish: iştir, ıştır

Amaranthus blitum
Amaranthus blitum#Translingual

blite (Amaranthus gen. et spp., particularly Amaranthus blitum)


كشمش

head

كشمش • (kişmiş)

Turkish: kişmiş

desc

→ Armenian: քիշմիշ (kʻišmiš), քիշնիշ (kʻišniš)

Borrowed from Classical Persian کشمش (kišmiš, “raisin”).

bor+

sultana, a pale yellow raisin made from a seedless grape


طویغار

Turkish: toygar

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *torgay (“small bird; lark”); cognate with Azerbaijani torağay, Bashkir турғай (turğay), Kazakh торғай (torğai), Kyrgyz торгой (torgoy), Tatar тургай (turgay), Turkmen torğaý, Uyghur تورغاي (torghay) and Uzbek toʻrgʻay.

inh

lark, any of several perching birds of the family Alaudidae


بوزاغو

head

بوزاغو • (buzağı)

ota-noun

بوزاغو • (buzağı)

Gagauz: buzaa

Turkish: buzağı

From Proto-Turkic *buŕagu; cognate with Azerbaijani buzov, Karakhanid بُزاغُو (buzāɣū), Uyghur موزاي (mozay), Uzbek buzoq, Bashkir быҙау (bıźaw), Kazakh бұзау (būzau), Kyrgyz музоо (muzoo) and Hungarian borjú.


لحنه

Turkish: lahana

desc

→ Arabic: لَهَانَة (lahāna), لَخَانَة (laḵāna)

→ Georgian: ლახანა (laxana) — Imereti, Lechkhumi

→ Mingrelian: ლახანა (laxana)

→ Svan: ლახანა (laxana)

Kurdish:

→ Central Kurdish: لەھانە (lehane)

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܠܵܗܵܢܵܐ (lahānā)

→ Laz: ლაჰანა (lahana)

→ Middle Armenian: լախանայ (laxanay)

Armenian: լախանա (laxana), լահանա (lahana), լա̈հա̈նա̈ (lähänä), լախանայ (laxanay), լահանայ (lahanay) — traditional orthography

From Byzantine Greek λάχανα (lákhana), plural of λάχανον (lákhanon).

Brassica oleracea
Brassica oleracea#Translingual

cabbage, various kinds of Brassica oleracea


چول

Turkish: çul

→ Armenian: չուլ (čʻul), ջուլ (ǰul), չո̈ւլ (čʻül), ջո̈ւլ (ǰül)

→ Bulgarian: чул (čul)

→ Greek: τσόλι (tsóli)

→ Macedonian: чул (čul)

→ Serbo-Croatian: čȕl /чу̏л

چوللاتمق

to make or let be covered with a horsecloth

haircloth, horsehair, a cloth made of the hairs of a horse

saddlecloth, horsecloth, a rug or similar cloth used to cover a horse


سداب

sedâb (romanization)
sedâp (romanization)

Turkish: sedef

→ Bulgarian: седе́ф (sedéf), седефче (sedefče)

→ Macedonian: седеф (sedef), седефче (sedefče)

→ Middle Armenian: սատաֆ (sataf)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: sèdef

Cyrillic script: сѐдеф

Ruta graveolens
Ruta graveolens#Translingual


سونكر

head

سونكر • (sünger) (definite accusative سونكری (süngeri), plural سونكرلر (süngerler))

sünger (romanization)
سونكری (accusative definite)
سونكرلر (plural)

Turkish: sünger

→ Albanian: sfungjer

desc

→ Algerian Arabic: [script needed] (sungāl)

→ Armenian: սունկար (sunkar), սյունկեր (syunker), սյունգյար (syungyar), սո̈ւնգէր (süngēr), սունգ^յա̈ր (sungʸär) — dialectological notation, սիւնկէր (siwnkēr) — traditional orthography

→ Azerbaijani: süngər

→ Bulgarian: сю́нгер (sjúnger)

→ Macedonian: сунѓер (sunǵer)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: су̀нђер

Latin script: sùnđer

Borrowed from Greek σφουγγάρι (sfoungári), σφογγάρι (sfongári), from Byzantine Greek σφουγγάριον (sphoungárion), σπογγάριν (spongárin), from Ancient Greek σπόγγος (spóngos), ultimately from Pre-Greek substrate.

der

sea sponge, any of various marine invertebrates of the phylum Porifera


پاچه

head

پاچه • (paça)

Turkish: paça

→ Armenian: փաչա (pʻačʻa)

the lower part of a leg of a pair of trousers or drawers

(furriery) fur from the shanks and feet of animals


كمیون

Turkish: kimyon

desc

→ Armenian: քիմիոն (kʻimion), քիմոն (kʻimon), քեմոն (kʻemon), քիմեոն (kʻimeon), քէմոն (kʻēmon), քիմեօն (kʻimeōn) — traditional orthography

→ Bulgarian: кимио́н (kimión)

→ Macedonian: кимион (kimion)

→ Romanian: chimion

From Arabic كَمُّون (kammūn), from Aramaic כַּמֹּונָֹא / ܩܰܡܽܘܢܳܐ (kammōnā, “cumin”), from Akkadian 𒌑𒁷𒊺𒉪 (Ú.GAMUN /kamūnu/, “cumin”), from Sumerian [Term?] (/gamun/, “cumin”).

der

Aramaic כַּמֹּונָֹא

Cuminum cyminum
Cuminum cyminum#Translingual


عود آغاجی

head

عود آغاجی • (öd ağacı)

Turkish: öd ağacı

desc

→ Armenian: էօտ աղաճը (ēōt aġačə)

→ Armenian: էօտ աղաճը (ēōt aġačə)


قنات

Turkish: kanat

→ Armenian: խանատ (xanat), խանաթ (xanatʻ), կանադ (kanad)

→ Bulgarian: кана́т (kanát) (rare)

→ Macedonian: канат (kanat) (rare)

→ Romanian: canat

→ Serbo-Croatian: (rare)

Cyrillic script: ка̀на̄т

Latin script: kànāt


تكلتی

تگلتی (canonical)
teğelti (romanization)

Turkish: teğelti

→ Bulgarian: телти́я (teltíja), тилти́я (tiltíja), тельти́й (telʹtíj), тильти́й (tilʹtíj), тегалтия (tegaltija)


یونجه

Turkish: yonca

→ Albanian: jonxhë

→ Armenian: յոնջա (yonǰa)

→ Georgian: იონჯა (ionǯa)

→ Mingrelian: იონჯა (ionǯa)

→ Svan: იუნჯა (iunǯa)

→ Laz: ჲონჯა (yonca)

→ Macedonian: јонџа (jondža)

→ Serbo-Croatian: (sporadic)

Cyrillic script: јонџа

Latin script: jondža

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yorïnčga (“clover”); cognate with Azerbaijani yonca, Bashkir йонса (yonsa), Kazakh жоңышқа (joñyşqa), Kyrgyz жоңгучка (joŋgucka), Tatar йонча (yonça), Turkmen ýorunja and Uzbek yoʻngʻichqa.

inh+

clover, any leguminous plant of the genus Trifolium


اوكسه

head

اوكسه • (ökse)

ota-noun

اوكسه • (ökse)

Turkish: ökse

→ Armenian: էօքսէ (ēōkʻsē)

→ Azerbaijani: öksə


لاوانطه

lavanda (romanization)
lavanta (romanization)

Turkish: lavanta


آردج

head

آردج • (ardıc)

ota-noun

آردج • (ardıc)

Turkish: ardıç

→ Armenian: արտըճ (artəč)

desc

→ Bulgarian: ардич (ardič), ардъч (ardǎč), аръдъч (arǎdǎč)

→ Middle Armenian: արտուճ (artuč)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *artïč (“juniper”), from Proto-Iranian *hampr̥sā (“juniper”); cognate with Azerbaijani ardıc, Bashkir артыш (artış), Southern Altai артыш (artïš), Tatar артыш (artış) and Tuvan артыш (artış). Doublet of ابهل (ebhül, ubhul), the same word from Arabic أَبْهُل (ʔabhul) which was borrowed from its Middle Persian descendant.

inh+

juniper, any shrub or tree of the genus Juniperus


بوجك

head

بوجك • (böcek)

Turkish: böcek

desc

→ Armenian: պէօճէկ (pēōčēk), բէօջա̈գ^յ (bēōǰägʸ)

→ Laz: ბოჯეღი (boceği)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bȫgček (“insect”), a diminutive of *bȫg (“camel spider”). Cognate with Azerbaijani böcək, Bashkir бөжәк (böjək), Crimean Tatar böcek, Kazakh бөжек (böjek) and Turkmen möjek.

inh+

spiny lobster, rock lobster, any crustacean in the family Palinuridae


اوزرلك

head

اوزرلك • (üzerlik)

Turkish: üzerlik

From Proto-Oghuz *yüzerlik (“harmal; ruta montana”). Cognate with Azerbaijani üzərlik.


پیغن

From Persian پیغن, from Ancient Greek πήγᾰνον (pḗgănon, “rue”).


تیون

teyun (romanization)
teyün (romanization)
teyin (romanization)

Turkish: değin, deyin, teğin, teyin

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tegiŋ (“squirrel”); cognate with Bashkir тейен (teyen), Kazakh тиін (tiın), Kyrgyz: тыйын (tıyın), Tatar тиен (tiyen), Uyghur تىيىن (tiyin), Uzbek tiyin and Yakut тииҥ (tiiñ).

inh+

squirrel, a tree-dwelling rodent in the family Sciuridae


زنجاب

zinjab (romanization)
zınjab (romanization)

Alternative spelling of سنجاب (sinjab, sınjab, “squirrel”)


صیچان

head

صیچان • (sıçan) (definite accusative صیچانی (sıçanı), plural صیچانلر (sıçanlar))

sıçan (romanization)
صیچانی (accusative definite)
صیچانلر (plural)

Turkish: sıçan

→ Serbo-Croatian: sičan

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *sïčgan (“mouse”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰽𐰲𐰍𐰭 (sïčgan), Azerbaijani siçan, Bashkir сысҡан (sısqan), Chuvash шӑши (šăš̬i), Kazakh тышқан (tyşqan), Kyrgyz чычкан (cıckan), Turkmen syçan, Uyghur چاشقان (chashqan) and Uzbek sichqon.

inh+

mouse, rat, any small or medium-sized rodent of the genera Mus and Rattus


یراسه

Gagauz: yarasa

Turkish: yarasa

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yarïsgu (“bat”), a development of *yar- (“naked; hairless”). Cognate with Azerbaijani yarasa, Old Uyghur [script needed] (yarsko), Siberian Tatar [script needed] (yarıskı), Salar yarasan, Turkmen yarasa and Tuvan часкы (çaskı).

cog

bat, any of the flying mammals of the order Chiroptera


جبین

Turkish: cibin

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *čï̄pïn (“fly, mosquito”) and thus related to چبان (çıban, “boil; abscess”); cognate with Azerbaijani çibin, Salar cüyin, Turkmen çȳbyn and Uzbek chivin.

inh+

gnat, midge, any small insect such as a mosquito or a sandfly


تاتارجق

head

تاتارجق • (tatarcık)

Turkish: tatarcık

From تاتار (tatar, “Tartar; courier”), of Turkic origin.


چكیك

چكیك • (çekik)