𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜

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𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (türük)

⇒ Rouran: *türküt (“Turks”)

→ Middle Chinese: 突厥 (tʰuət̚ kɨut̚)

→ Middle Persian: twlk'

From Proto-Turkic *tür(ü)k (see there for more). Cognate with Azerbaijani türk, Chuvash тӗрӗк (tĕrĕk), Turkish Türk, Uzbek turk, Bashkir төрөк (török), Yakut турок (turok). Compare also Hungarian török, an ancient Turkic borrowing.

𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃:𐱅𐰏:𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃𐰓𐰀:𐰉𐰆𐰞𐰢𐱁:𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜:𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:𐰴𐰍𐰣:𐰉𐰆:𐰇𐰓𐰚𐰀:𐰆𐰞𐰺𐱃𐰢

8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, S1

I, the God-like and Heaven-born Turkic Bilge Khagan, succeeded to the throne at this time.


𐰴𐰍𐰣

Thought to be a borrowing from an uncertain source, possibly a Yeniseian language. Cognate to Turkish kağan (“khagan”), and Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan, “king, khan”), which Clauson (1972) considers a loanword from Turkic; though the reverse loan direction (from Mongolic into Turkic) was equally likely, as Turks borrowed this title from the Rourans (as proposed by Vovin, 2007). Compare also Turkish hākān, an early Arabicized form from Arabic خاقان (ḵāqān).


𐰼

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ēr (“man”). Cognate with Chuvash ар (ar), Khalaj hər, Turkish er, Uzbek er, Bashkir ир (ir), Khakas ир (ir). Compare also Mongolian эр (er).

𐰼:𐰉𐰴𐰀:𐰉𐰺𐰢𐰃𐰾


𐰉

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *āb (“hunt, chase”). Cognate with, Turkish av (“hunt, hunting”), Turkmen āw (“hunt”), Uzbek ov, Bashkir ау (aw). Compare also Mongolian ав (av), Manchu ᠠᠪᠠ (aba).

inh+

𐰼:𐰉𐰴𐰀:𐰉𐰺𐰢𐰃𐰾


𐰴𐰭

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kaŋ (“father”). Cognate to Karakhanid قَنْكْسِقْ (qaŋsïq, “step-father”), Karakhanid قَنْكْدَشْ (qaŋdaš, “half brother”), Old Uyghur qʾnk (qaŋ, “father”).

cog

𐰴𐰆𐰍𐰆:𐰴𐰆𐰽:𐰴𐰣𐰀𐱃𐰃𐰭𐰀:𐰆𐰺𐰆𐰯𐰣𐰃𐰣:𐰴𐰞𐰃𐰖𐰆:𐰉𐰺𐰃𐰯𐰣:𐰇𐰏𐰃𐰭𐰀:𐰴𐰭𐰃𐰭𐰀:𐱅𐰏𐰇𐰼𐰢𐰃𐰾

The swan placed (him) on its wings (and) flew up with him. (Thus) it brought him to his mother and father.


𐰯𐰀

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *apa (“father”). Cognate to Karakhanid اَبا (apā, “father, bear”), Old Uyghur ʾʾpʾ (apa, “ancestor”), Khakas аба (aba, “father”). Compare also Buryat аба (aba, “father”), Mongolian авга (avga, “paternal uncle”), ав (av, “father”).

inh+

𐰚𐰃𐰾𐰃:𐰆𐰍𐰞𐰃𐰦𐰀:𐰇𐰔𐰀:𐰲𐰃𐰢:𐰯𐰀𐰢:𐰉𐰆𐰢𐰣:𐰴𐰍𐰣:𐰃𐰾𐱅𐰢𐰃:𐰴𐰍𐰣:𐰆𐰞𐰺𐰢𐱁
kiši:oɣlïnta:üze:ečim:apam:bumïn:qaɣan:istemi:qaɣan:olurmïš

8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, E1

Over the human beings, my ancestors Bumin Khagan and Istemi Khagan became rulers.


𐱅𐰃

𐰓𐰏𐰇 (edgü, “good”) + 𐱅𐰃 (t²i) → 𐰓𐰏𐰇𐱅𐰃 (edgüti, “very well”)


𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰚

Alternative spelling of 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (t²ür²k̥) as seen on the Tonyukuk inscription. Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *tür(ü)k.


𐰸𐰆𐰨𐰖

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 公主 (MC kuwng tsyuX, “princess”). Compare also Japanese 公主 (kōshu), Korean 공주 (gongju), Mongolian гүнж (günž), Chinese borrowings.

𐰋𐰃𐰭𐰼𐰇:𐰚𐰠𐰢𐰃𐰾:𐰇𐰲𐰇𐰨:𐰴𐰆𐰨𐰆𐰖𐰃:𐰆𐰺𐰃𐰞𐰣𐰢𐰃𐰾

He went to (look at) his house (and saw that) his third princess had just given birth to a son.


𐰸𐱃𐰖

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 縞帶 (MC kawX|kawH tajH).

𐰞𐱃𐰆𐰣:𐰚𐰇𐰢𐱁:𐰃𐰾𐰏𐱅𐰃:𐰸𐰆𐱃𐰖:𐰉𐰆𐰭𐰽𐰔:𐰨𐰀:𐰋𐰃𐰼𐰇𐰼

8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, S5

They give us gold, silver and silk in abundance.


𐱁𐰑

From an Iranian language, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *xšáyati. Compare also Turkish şah (“shah”) a borrowing from the same source through Persian شاه (šâh, “king”).

𐱅𐰇𐰼𐱅𐰘𐰏𐰼𐰢𐰃:𐰖𐱁𐰃𐰢𐰴𐰀:𐱃𐰺𐰑𐰆𐱁:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣:𐰇𐰔𐰀:𐱁𐰑:𐰆𐰞𐰺𐱃𐰢

8th century CE, Bilge Khagan Inscription, E15

I ruled over the Tardu people as their shad at the age of fourteen.

Shad, a title, usually considered to be one step below the khagan


𐱃𐰆𐰪𐰸𐰸

Uncertain, check out Tonyukuk for theories.

𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:𐱃𐰆𐰪𐰸𐰸:𐰋𐰤:𐰇𐰔𐰢:𐱃𐰉𐰍𐰲:𐰃𐰠𐰭𐰀:𐰶𐰠𐰦𐰢

8th century CE, Tonyukuk Inscription, IW1

I myself, wise Tonyukuk, was born in the country of China.

Tonyukuk, a tarkhan & adviser of the Second Turkic Khaganate


𐰶𐰃𐰺𐰴𐰔

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𐰶𐰃𐰺𐰴𐰔 (Qïrqïz)

Uncertain, check out Kyrgyz people for theories. Cognate with Kyrgyz кыргыз (kırgız). Compare also Middle Chinese 吉爾吉斯 (MC kjit nyeX kjit sje, “Kyrgyz”), a Turkic borrowing through Manchu ᡴᡳᡵᡤᡳᠰ (kirgis).

𐰶𐰃𐰺𐰴𐰔:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣𐰍:𐰆𐰑𐰀:𐰉𐰽𐰑𐰢𐰔

8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, E35

...and fell upon the Kyrgyz people while they were asleep.


𐰇𐰏

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ȫg- (to praise). Cognate with Turkish övmek, Yakut үөр (üör).

inh+

𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜:𐰋𐰏𐰠𐰼𐰃𐰤:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣𐰃𐰤:𐰼𐱅𐰭𐰇:𐱅𐰃:𐰢𐰍:𐰃𐱅𐰓𐰃:𐰇𐰏𐰓𐰃

8th century CE, Bilge Khagan Inscription, S15

(My father, the khagan), profoundly glorified and praised the Turkic lords and people.


𐰚𐰓𐰢

Inherited from Common Turkic *kedim (“outfit, clothing”) equivalent to 𐰚𐰓 (ked-, “to wear”) + 𐰢 (-im). Cognate with Turkish giyim, Uzbek kiyim, Bashkir кейем (keyem).

inh+

𐰇𐰲𐰨:𐰘𐰏𐰤:𐰾𐰃𐰠𐰏:𐰋𐰏𐰭:𐰚𐰓𐰢𐰠𐰏:𐱃𐰆𐰺𐰍:𐱃:𐰋𐰃𐰤𐰯:𐱅𐰏𐰓𐰃

8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, E33

Thirdly, he mounted Lord Yegen Silig's dressed bay horse and attacked.


𐰍𐰆𐰺𐰆

Borrowed from Sanskrit गुरु (guru, “venerable, respectable”). Cognate with English guru.

bor+

𐰉𐰆𐰺𐰆𐰀:𐰍𐰆𐰺𐰆:𐰾𐰓𐰯:𐰲𐰢𐰔:𐰃𐰾𐰃𐰏:𐰽𐰭𐰆𐰣:𐰃𐱅𐰀𐰲𐰸:𐰇𐰲𐰇𐰤:𐰋𐰃𐱅𐰃𐰓𐰢

...after having listened to the burua guru ( i.e. the spiritual master of presage), wrote (this book) for our affectionate big brother General Itachuk.


𐱃𐰭𐰆𐱃

𐰘𐱅𐰃:𐰘𐰏𐰼𐰢𐰃:𐰖𐱁𐰢𐰀:𐱃𐰭𐰆𐱃:𐱃𐰯𐰀:𐰾𐰇𐰠𐰓𐰢

8th century CE, Bilge Khagan Inscription, E24

When I was seventeen years old, I went on a campaign against the Tangut.


𐱃𐰸𐰺𐰽𐰃𐰤

Uncertain, probably from an Iranian source. More at Tocharians.

𐱅𐰔𐰃𐰚:𐱃𐰸𐰺𐰽𐰃𐰤

8th century CE, Tonyukuk Inscription, IIS1


𐰉𐰆𐰖𐰺𐰸

From an unattested root 𐰉𐰆𐰖𐰺 (buyur-, “to order”) + 𐰸 (-uq), itself inherited from Proto-Turkic *buyur- (“to order”). Cognate with Chuvash пӳр (pür), Khalaj buyurmaq, Turkish buyurmak (“to order, to request”), Turkish buyruk (“order”), Uzbek buyurmoq, Bashkir бойороу (boyorow).

cog

𐰉𐰆𐰖𐰺𐰸𐰃:𐰘𐰢𐰀:𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:𐰼𐰢𐰾:𐰼𐰨:𐰞𐰯:𐰼𐰢𐰾:𐰼𐰨

8th century CE, Bilge Khagan Inscription, E4

Their ministers, too, were presumably wise and tough.


𐰾𐰇𐰭𐰏

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𐰾𐰇𐰭𐰏 (süŋüg)

From 𐰾𐰇𐰭 (süŋ-, “to pierce”) + 𐰏 (-üg) itself inherited from Proto-Turkic *süŋ- (“to pierce, to war”). Cognate with 𐰾𐰇𐰭𐱁 (süŋüš, “battle, war”), 𐰾𐰇𐰭𐱁 (süŋüš-, “to fight, to war”).

inh+

𐰾𐰇𐰭𐰏:𐰉𐱃𐰢𐰃:𐰴𐰺𐰍:𐰾𐰇𐰚𐰯𐰤

8th century CE, Bilge Khagan Inscription, D26-27

Having opened our way through the lance-deep snow...


𐰆𐰖𐰍𐰺

Uncertain, likely not from 𐰆𐰑 (ud-, “to follow”), more at Uyghurs.
Cognates include Old Uyghur 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾 (uygur), Middle Chinese 回鶻 (ɦuʌiɦˠuɛt̚) and Chinese 回族 (Huízú, “Hui people”).

𐰆𐰖𐰍𐰺:𐰠𐱅𐰋𐰼:𐰘𐰇𐰔𐰲𐰀:𐰼𐰏:𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰼𐰇:𐱅𐰔𐰯:𐰉𐰺𐰑𐰃

8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, E37

The governor of the Uyghurs, together with about one hundred men, fled toward the east...


𐰋𐰇𐰠𐰤

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𐰋𐰇𐰠𐰤 (bölün)

𐱅𐰇𐰯𐰇𐱅:𐰴𐰍𐰦𐰀:𐰋𐰇𐰠𐰤:𐰚𐰠𐱅𐰃

8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, N12


𐰴𐰆𐰺𐰴

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kork- (“to fear”). Cognate with Chuvash хӑра (hăra), Turkish korkmak, Uzbek qoʻrqmoq, Bashkir ҡурҡыу (qurqıw), Tuvan коргар (korgar).

inh+

𐰚𐰃𐰾𐰃:𐰴𐰆𐰺𐰴𐰢𐰃𐰾


𐰖𐰞𐰉𐰲

Derived from Proto-Turkic *yāl-. Cognate with Turkish yalvaç (“prophet”).

𐰽𐰺𐰍:𐱃𐰞𐰍:𐰽𐰉𐰲𐰃:𐰖𐰔𐰍:𐱃𐰞𐰍:𐰖𐰞𐰉𐰲:𐰓𐰏𐰇:𐰾𐰇𐰔:𐰽𐰉:𐰠𐱅𐰃:𐰚𐰠𐰃𐰼:𐱅𐰃𐰼

There comes a messenger on a yellow horse (and) an envoy on a dark brown horse, bringing good tidings, it says.


𐰴𐰆𐰞

Inherited from Common Turkic *kul (“slave, servant”). Cognate with Turkish kul (“servant”), Uzbek qul, Bashkir ҡол (qol), Yakut кулут (kulut).

𐰴𐰆𐰞:𐰽𐰉𐰃:𐰋𐰏𐰃𐰭𐰼𐰇:𐰇𐱅𐰇𐰤𐰇𐰼:𐰴𐰆𐰔𐰍𐰆𐰣:𐰽𐰉𐰃:𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃𐰏𐰼𐰇:𐰖𐰞𐰉𐰺𐰆𐰺

The slave's words are a request to his master; the ravens words are a prayer to heaven.


𐰸𐰆𐰞𐰑

Derived from Common Turkic *kul (“slave, servant”), equivalent to 𐰴𐰆𐰞 (qul, “(male) slave, servant”) + 𐰑 (-ad).

af

𐰘𐱅𐰃𐰘𐰔:𐰼:𐰉𐰆𐰞𐰯:𐰠𐰾𐰼𐰢𐰾:𐰴𐰍𐰣𐰽𐰺𐰢𐰾:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣𐰍:𐰚𐰇𐰭𐰓𐰢𐰾:𐰸𐰆𐰞𐰑𐰢𐰾

8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, E13

After they had numbered seven hundred men, (my father, the khagan), organized and ordered the people who had lost their state and khagan, the people that had turned into slaves and servants...

(intransitive) to become a male slave, servant


𐰠𐰃𐰾𐰇𐰤

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𐰠𐰃𐰾𐰇𐰤 (Lisün)

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 李佺 (MC liX tshjwen).

𐰴𐰭𐰃:𐰠𐰃𐰾𐰇𐰤:𐱃𐰖:𐰾𐰭𐰇𐰤:𐰉𐱁𐰑𐰆:𐰋𐰃𐰾:𐰘𐰇𐰔:𐰼𐰤:𐰚𐰠𐱅𐰃

8th century CE, Bilge Khagan Inscription, S12

...under the presidency of the great general Li Quan, the father of ... came five hundred men.

Li Quan, a Tang Dynasty general sent by the Chinese emperor for Bilge Khagan's funeral


Borrowed from Middle Chinese 舍人呂向 (MC syaeX|syaeH nyin ljoX syangH|xjangH).

ltc-l

𐱃𐰉𐰍𐰲:𐰴𐰍𐰦𐰀:𐰃𐰾𐰘𐰃:𐰠𐰃𐰚𐰭:𐰚𐰠𐱅𐰃
tabɣač:qaɣanta:išiyi:likeŋ:kelti

8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, S12

From the Chinese emperor, Lü Xiang came.

Lü Xiang, one of the officials of Emperor Xuanzong who was sent in order to attend to Kültegin's funeral


𐰢𐰴𐰺𐰲

Borrowed from Sanskrit महाराज (mahārāja). Compare also English maharaja, Turkish mihrace, Sanskrit borrowings through Hindu and Persian respectively.

bor+

𐰆𐰣𐰸:𐰆𐰍𐰞𐰢:𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰏𐰾:𐰴𐰍𐰦𐰀:𐰢𐰴𐰺𐰲:𐱃𐰢𐰍𐰲𐰃:𐰆𐰍𐰔:𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:𐱃𐰢𐰍𐰲𐰃:𐰚𐰠𐱅𐰃
onoq:oɣlum:türgiš:qaɣanta:maqarač:tamɣačï:oɣuz:bilge:tamɣačï:kelti

8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, S13

From my On-Ok descendants, from the Türgesh khagan, seal-keepers Maharaja and wise Oghuz came.

Maharaja, a seal-keeper of a khagan of the Türgesh tribe who was sent in order to attend to Kültegin's funeral


𐰲𐰭

Borrowed from Middle Chinese 張 (MC trjang|trjangH, “Zhang”). Compare also English Zhang, a Chinese borrowing.

𐰉𐰺𐰴:𐰃𐱅𐰏𐰇𐰲𐰃:𐰋𐰓𐰔:𐰖𐰺𐱃𐰍𐰢𐰀:𐰋𐰃𐱅𐰏:𐱃𐱁:𐰃𐱅𐰏𐰇𐰲𐰃:𐱃𐰉𐰍𐰲:𐰴𐰍𐰣:𐰲𐰃𐰴𐰣𐰃:𐰲𐰭:𐰾𐰭𐰇𐰤:𐰚𐰠𐱅𐰃

General Zhang Quyi, the nephew of the Chinese emperor, came in order to build the mausoleum, to make sculptures, to paint and to prepare the insription stones.

General Zhang Quyi, the nephew of Emperor Xuanzong who was sent in order to attend to Kültegin's funeral


𐱄𐰆𐰟

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tul(k) (“widow”). Cognate with Chuvash тӑлӑх (tălăh, “orphan”), Old Uyghur twl (tul), Turkish dul, Uzbek tul, Bashkir тол (tol).

inh+

𐰵𐰆𐰗𐰒𐰁:𐰵𐰆𐰩𐰆𐰗𐰆𐰢:𐱄𐰆𐰟:𐰵𐰟𐱄𐰄:𐰾𐰄𐰕𐰢

My wife, the princess, at hearth became a widow, alas!


𐰲𐰃𐰴𐰣

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𐰲𐰃𐰴𐰣 (čïqan)

Uncertain, possibly from Mongolic language, compare Mongolian зээ (zee) and Turkmen çykan or a variant of Proto-Turkic *yegen (“nibling”), if so cognate with Turkish yeğen.


𐰖𐰉𐰍𐰆

Of unknown origins, see Yabghu for more information.

𐱅𐰇𐰠𐰃𐰾:𐱃𐰺𐰑𐰆𐱁:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣𐰍:𐰦𐰀:𐱅𐰢𐰾:𐰖𐰉𐰍𐰆𐰍:𐱁𐰑𐰍:𐰦𐰀:𐰋𐰼𐰢𐰾
tölis:tarduš:bodunuɣ:anta:étmiš:yabɣuɣ:šadïɣ:anta:bérmiš

He also organized there the Tiele and Tardu people and gave them a yabghu and a shad there.

Yabghu, a title, usually considered to be two steps below the khagan


𐰴𐱃𐰆𐰣

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *xātun (“queen, lady”) itself borrowed from Sogdian 𐼶𐼴𐽂𐼷𐼻 (xwtyn). Cognate with Turkish kadın, Uzbek xotin, Bashkir ҡатын (qatın), Tuvan када (kada). Compare also Mongolian хатан (xatan).

inh+

𐰴𐰭𐰢:𐰃𐰠𐱅𐰼𐰾:𐰴𐰍𐰣𐰍:𐰇𐰏𐰢:𐰃𐰠𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:𐰴𐱃𐰆𐰣𐰍:𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃:𐱅𐰇𐰯𐰾𐰃𐰦𐰀:𐱃𐰆𐱃𐰯:𐰘𐰇𐰏𐰼𐰇:𐰚𐰇𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰢𐰾

8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, E11

(They) held my father Ilterish Khagan and my mother El Bilga Khatun at the top of heaven and raised them upwards.

a type of female ruler; khatun, queen, empress


𐰴𐰖𐰀

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *k(i)aya (“rock”). Cognate with Old Uyghur 𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽶𐽰, Turkish kaya, Uzbek qoya, Bashkir ҡая (qaya), Yakut хайа (qaya). Compare also Mongolian хад (xad), Proto-Samoyedic *koəjə (“mountain”).

𐰖𐰽𐰞:𐰴𐰖𐰀:𐰖𐰖𐰞𐰍𐰢:𐰴𐰃𐰔𐰃𐰞:𐰴𐰖𐰀:𐰴𐰃𐰽𐰞𐰍𐰢:𐰆𐰞

My summer quarters is a green rock and my winter quarters is a red rock.


𐱃𐱁

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *taĺ (“exterior”). Cognate with Turkish dış (“exterior”).

𐰃𐰲𐰃𐰤:𐱃𐱁𐰃𐰤:𐰑𐰨𐰃𐰍:𐰋𐰓𐰔:𐰆𐰺𐱃𐰆𐰺𐱃𐰢:𐱃𐱁:𐱃𐰆𐰴𐰃𐱃𐰑𐰢

I had its inside and outside decorated with wonderful paintings and sculptures (stones).


𐰽𐰗

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *say (“area covered with stones; shallow”). Cognate with Azerbaijani say.

inh+

𐰽𐰗:𐱆𐰐:𐰽𐰻𐰎:𐰡𐰣𐰢


𐰉𐰞𐰀

Derived from Proto-Turkic *āb (“hunt, chase”), equivalent to 𐰉 (ab, “hunt”) + 𐰞𐰀 (-la). Cognate with, Turkish avlamak. Compare also Manchu ᠠᠪᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (abalambi).

der+

𐰉:𐰉𐰞𐰀𐰽𐰺

8th century CE, Kul-Chur Inscription, W9


𐰉𐰍𐰽

Derived from Proto-Turkic *bāg (“connection, tie, rope”). Cognate with Turkish bağ, Uzbek bogʻ, Bashkir бау (baw), Yakut быа (bıa).

der+

𐰉𐰍𐰽𐰃:𐰤𐰀:𐱅𐰏


𐱃𐰆𐰔𐰴

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tuzak (“trap”). Cognate with Turkish tuzak, Bashkir тоҙаҡ (toźaq), Yakut туһах (tuhaq).

inh+

𐱃𐰆𐰖𐰢𐰀𐱃𐰃𐰣:𐱃𐰆𐰔𐰴𐰀:𐰃𐰞𐰃𐰤𐰢𐰃𐰾

(But) by not noticing it, was caught in a snare.


𐰖𐰍𐰴

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yaŋgak (“walnut”). Cognate with Khalaj yağâq, Turkish yangak, Uzbek yongʻoq, Kazakh жаңғақ (jañğaq). Compare also Hungarian dió, a Turkic borrowing.

𐰖𐰍𐰴𐰞𐰍:𐱃𐰆𐰍𐰺𐰴:𐰇𐰔𐰀:𐱅𐰇𐰾𐰇𐰯𐰤:𐰖𐰖𐰞𐰖𐰆𐰺:𐰢𐰤:𐱅𐰃𐰼

Settling down on a poplar full of nuts, I spend the summer, it says.


𐰇𐰏𐰾𐰔

head

𐰇𐰏𐰾𐰔 (ögsüz)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ȫgsiŕ, equivalent to 𐰇𐰏 (ög, “mother”) + 𐰾𐰔 (-süz, “-less”). Cognate with Old Uyghur 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽻𐽳𐽴 (ögsüz), Turkish öksüz, Bashkir үкһеҙ (ükheź), Tuvan өскүс (ösküs).

𐰚𐰇𐰠𐱅𐰃𐰏𐰤:𐰇𐰏𐰾𐰔:𐰴𐰃𐰤:𐰋𐰃𐰤𐰯:𐱃𐰸𐰆𐰔:𐰼𐰤:𐰽𐰨𐰑𐰃:𐰆𐰺𐰑𐰆𐰍:𐰋𐰃𐰼𐰢𐰓𐰃
kültégin:ögsüz:aqïn:binip:toquz:eren:sančdï:orduɣ:bérmedi
Having mounted his orphan white (horse), Prince Kül stabbed nine men and didn't surrender the camp.

8th century CE, Kültegin Inscription, N9


𐰆𐰍𐰞

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ogul (“child”). Cognate with Chuvash ывӑл (yvăl), Khakas oğul, Turkish oğul, Uzbek oʻgʻil, Bashkir ул (ul), Yakut уол (uol).

inh+

𐰆𐰍𐰞𐰃:𐰇𐰏𐰃𐰤𐱅𐰀:𐰴𐰭𐰃𐰣𐱃𐰀:𐰇𐰋𐰚𐰠𐰀𐰯𐰤:𐱅𐰔𐰯𐰤:𐰉𐰺𐰢𐰃𐰾

A son, being angry with his mother and father, ran away.


𐰉𐰆𐰖𐰞𐰀

Uncertain, however cognate with Danube Bulgar ΒΟΗΛΑ, ΒΟΥΗΛΑ, ΒΟΙΛΑ (BOYLA).

𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀:𐱃𐰆𐰪𐰸𐰸:𐰉𐰆𐰖𐰞𐰀:𐰉𐰍𐰀:𐱃𐰺𐰴𐰣:𐰋𐰃𐰼𐰠𐰀:𐰃𐰠𐱅𐰼𐰾:𐰴𐰍𐰣:𐰉𐰆𐰞𐰖𐰣:𐰋𐰼𐰘𐰀:𐱃𐰉𐰍𐰲𐰍:𐰇𐰭𐰼𐰃:𐰴𐰃𐱃𐰪𐰍:𐰖𐰃𐰺𐰖𐰀:𐰆𐰍𐰔𐰍:𐰇𐰚𐰾:𐰝:𐰇𐰠𐰼𐱅𐰃

8th century CE, Tonyukuk Inscription, IW6:

Having become a khagan in the company of the Wise Tonyukuk Boila Bagha Tarkhan, Ilterish killed in great numbers the Chinese to the south, the Kihtans to the east and the Oghuz to the north

a type of nobility, seemingly close to the ruler; boyar, boila