aba

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aba (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute taba, R1 raba, R2 saba)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *rap, from Proto-Mawé-Guaraní *t͡sap, from Proto-Tupian *jap.
Cognate with Sateré-Mawé sap, Guaraní ague.


pó

Poquîgâ.

1622, anonymous author, “Çuja cousa ser como quer .s. da 1.ª maneira”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 1 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 87; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:


ka'a

Nheengatu: kaá

→ Brazilian Portuguese: caá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kaʔa (“forest, leaf”).
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní ka'a and Guaraní ka'a.


ybyrá

Nheengatu: mirá

→ Portuguese: Ibirá, Iburá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ɨβɨr. The sense of cross is a semantic loan from Portuguese madeiro.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní and Paraguayan Guaraní yvyra.

cog

Îandé 'anga raûsupape
ybyrá pupé omanõmo;
îandé repyme'engape,
anhangape oîemoyrõmo,
îandé raûsupa,
îandé rarõmo
îandé 'anga pysyrõmo.

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, “Cantiga por "El sin ventura"”, in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, Helder Perri Ferreira, compilers, Poemas: lírica portuguesa e tupi (Poetas do Brasil; 5), 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, published 2004, →ISBN, page 90, lines 8–14:

Because of his love for our soul, he dies on the cross; to give us the remission, infuriating himself because of the devil, loving us, looking after us, saving our soul.


morubixaba

Nheengatu: muruixawa

→ Brazilian Portuguese: morubixaba

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani [Term?]. By surface analysis, moro- (“people”) + ubixaba (“leader”).
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní mboruvixa and Paraguayan Guaraní mburuvicha.

surf

Bourouuichaue de akan omano?

1614, Claude d'Abbeville, chapter LII, in Hiſtoire de la Miſsion des Peres Capucins en L’Iſle de Maragnan et terres circonuoiſines [History of the Mission of the Capuchin Fathers in the Island of Maranhão and surrounding lands] (overall work in French), Paris: Imprimerie de François Huby, page 327v:

(Late Tupi) monarch (ruler of an absolute monarchy)

(Late Tupi) judge (public judicial official)

(Late Tupi) superior (person of higher rank)


aoba

Unknown.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní and Paraguayan Guaraní ao.

sail (piece of fabric attached to a sailboat)


pindá

→ Portuguese: pindá


kapi'i

Nheengatu: kapiĩ

→ Portuguese: capim

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kapiʔi. By surface analysis, ka'a (“leaf”) + po'i (“slender”).
Cognate with Guaraní kapi'i.

surf

thatch (straw for covering roofs or stacks)


ye'ẽ

— Marãnamope peîapó aîpó ye'ẽ? — Oroîapó, îagûara xe boîá ra'yra gûarûera mbo'asagûama resé.

— Why are you making that pitfall? — We are making it to catch the jaguar that ate my servant's son.

(hapax) pitfall (trap consisting of a concealed pit in the ground)


so'o

Nheengatu: suú

[…]çoô, pirà, guîrà retãmeengàba ê ycô ára[…]

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, chapter 4, in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 166v:

This world is the true promised land of the beasts of venery, fishes and birds.

game; beast of venery (wild animal hunted for food)


mundé

→ Portuguese: mundéu, mundé, mondé


abaré

→ Portuguese: abaré, Abaré, Avaré


paîé

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paîé (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute maîé)

Nheengatu: payé

→ Portuguese: pajé

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *paje.
Cognate with Guaraní paje.

Les singularitez de la France Antarctique


kysé

Nheengatu: kisé

→ Portuguese: quicé

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kɨt͡ʃe (“knife”), from Proto-Tupian *kɨt͡ʃe (“bamboo”).
Cognate with Guaraní kyse.

inh+

Ereroupè itaxé amo[…]?

1578, Jean de Léry, chapter XX, in Histoire d'un voyage fait en la terre du Bresil, autrement dite Amerique [History of a voyage to the land of Brazil, also called America] (overall work in Middle French and Old Tupi), La Rochelle: Antoine Chuppin, page 346:


yby

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *(ʔ)ɨβɨ, from Proto-Tupian *ꝁɯt͡spɨ.
Cognate with Guaraní and Mbyá Guaraní yvy.

earth; soil (unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth)


ybyku'i

Nheengatu: iwikuí

→ Brazilian Portuguese: Ibicuí

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ɨβɨkuʔi (“sand”). By surface analysis, yby (“earth”) + ku'i (“flour”).
Cognate with Guaraní yvykuʼi.


pokaba

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pokaba (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute mokaba)

Nheengatu: mukawa

Coined by Spanish Jesuit missionary Joseph of Anchieta in the 16th century, from poka (“explosion”) + -ab (instrumentalizer suffix) + -a, literally “explosion instrument”.


'yba

(Late Tupi) conductor (person who conducts an orchestra, choir or other music ensemble)


pinda'yba

→ Portuguese: pindaíba

From pindá (“fishhook”) + 'yba (“tree, shaft”)


u'uba

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u'uba (possessable, IIc class pluriform, absolute u'uba, R1 ru'uba, R2 su'uba)

Nheengatu: uíwa

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *uʔyP, from Proto-Tupian *ə-ꝁɯP.
Cognate with Guaraní hu'y.

arrow (projectile that is shot from a bow)


miaûsuba

miaûsuba (possessable, IId class pluriform, absolute miaûsuba, R1 remiaûsuba, R2 semiaûsuba, R3 o emiaûsuba)

From emi- (passive deverbal preffix) + aûsub (“to love”) + -a.

af

Marã oicobotepe, / Ace Anhãga rẽbiauçubamo cecou?

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, chapter V, in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 26v:

But acting in what way, being the people Devil's loved one?


reîa

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs
Proto-Italic *rēks
Latin rex
Old Galician-Portuguese rei
Portuguese rei
Proto-Tupian *-ap
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *-aβ?
Old Tupi -a
Old Tupi reîa
Borrowed from Portuguese rei (“king”).

etymon

Orirẏ nde iucare / tupã çumarã reya / eiori ore requÿa / toroico nde ipipenhe / ore çumarã mõdia

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, Auto de São Lourenço [Play of Saint Lawrence], Niterói, page 124, lines 1476–1480; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

They tremble after killing you, the kings enemy to God. Come to rapture us, so we can be at your side, and frighten our enemies.

monarch (ruler of an absolute monarchy; king or queen)

royalty (rank, status, power or authority of a monarch)


ubixaba

head

ubixaba (IIa class pluriform, absolute tubixaba, R1 rubixaba, R2 subixaba)

ubixaba (possessable, IIb class pluriform, absolute tubixaba, R1 rubixaba, R2 tubixaba)

Nheengatu: uixawa

→ Brazilian Portuguese: tuxaua

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani [Term?].
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní uvixa.

inh+

chief; leader (head of a group of people, organisation, etc.)


nhe'engerekoara

[ɲɛˌʔɛ̃.ŋɛ.ɾɛˌkɔˈa.ɾa]

Etymology tree
Proto-Tupian *weʔeŋ
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *jeʔeŋ
Old Tupi nhe'eng
Proto-Tupian *-ap
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *-aβ?
Old Tupi -a
Old Tupi nhe'enga
Old Tupi erekó
Proto-Tupian *-at
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *-ar
Old Tupi -sar
Old Tupi -a
Old Tupi nhe'engerekoara
From nhe'enga (“language”) + erekó (“to have”) + -ar (deverbalizer suffix) + -a, literally “language haver”.

af

Abarê nheengerecoara.

1622, anonymous author, “Lingoa, o q. disso serue a outro”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 2 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 22; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:

(Late Tupi) interpreter (person who converts spoken language in real time)


tuîuka

Nheengatu: tuyuka

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tujuk, from Proto-Tupian *tʔup.

inh+

Near-synonym: (of inorganic matter) îuka

(of organic matter) decay; deterioration


itaîngapema

→ Brazilian Portuguese: tangapema

maẽ co xe itãgapema
xepope ndoicoi tenhe
pemobocaõma e.

c. 1589, Joseph of Anchieta, “Recebimẽto, q̃ fezeraõ oſ Jndioſ de guaraparĩ ao Pᵉ Prouĩcial Marçal Belliarte” (chapter XXI), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ], page 23v, column 2, lines 189–191; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 56:

Look, this warclub of mine is not aimlessly in my hands, it is in fact the weapon that will shatter you all.

S. Pedro y tãgapema ocequij / morubixàba rembiauçuba / Malco ceribaè rapixapa, / ynambi mondôra

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, chapter III, in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 54v:

Saint Peter drew the sword and struck a servant of the high priest named Malchus, cutting off his ear.

Enhonong de itaingapema ndecuaì[…]

c. 1628, Luís Figueira, “Da Prepoſição 5. parte da oração”, in Arte da lingua Braſilica [Art of the Brasílica Language] (overall work in Portuguese), Lisbon: Manuel da Silva, page 68:


itaîngapema

Gabriel Soares de Sousa
w:Gabriel Soares de Sousa

Noticia do Brasil
w:pt:Notícia do Brasil

a tree whose wood was used to make warclubs. Further details are uncertain.


porabyky

head

porabyky (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute morabyky)

Nheengatu: murakí


kopa'yba

Nheengatu: kupaíwa

desctree

→ Portuguese: copaíba
→ English: copaiba

From Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kopaʔɨβ + Old Tupi -a.

etymon

Historia Naturalis Brasiliae
w:Historia Naturalis Brasiliae

copaiba (oleoresin extracted from such trees)