tupi

Nheengatu: tupí

→ Portuguese: tupi

From Tupi, a mythological figure said to be the ancestor of all Tupian peoples.

Kûeîsé, r'akó, amõ kanhemi, / ogûeîypa Magûeápe. / Abaré ogû erasoá'pe, / n'asaûsubi, i nhegûasemi, / tupi supa xe rekoá'pe.

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, Auto de São Lourenço [Play of Saint Lawrence], Niterói, page 33, lines 110–114; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

Yesterday, for certain, some have gone missing, going down to Magûeá. Because the priests took them, I don't love them, they fled, visiting the Tupi in my home.

—[…]Paranãgûasu rasapa, / ybytyrybo gûibebébo, / asó tupi moangaîpapa, / a'e ré, muru mombapa, / xe ratápe seroîkébo.
— Mba'e apŷabap'aîpó?
— Tupinakyîa, keygûara, / tĩapyra moroupîara. / Muru, anhẽ, oîanga'o! / Nd'oîabyangáî îaguara...

c. 1585, Joseph of Anchieta, Na aldeia de Guaraparim [In the village of Guaraparim], Guarapari, page 142, lines 183–192; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

— Crossing the ocean, flying over the mountains, I went to make the Tupi sin, bringing them to my fire after that to kill the damned. / — Which men are these? / —The Tupiniquim, who live here, enemy informants. The damned, indeed, vituperate them! They truly are no different than the jaguars...

Tupi (any of several related indigenous nations of coastal Brazil that spoke Old Tupi)

(strictly) the Tupian people that lived in the São Vicente capitancy.


marakaîá

Nheengatu: marakayá

→ Portuguese: maracajá, ⇒ gato-maracajá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *marakaja.
Cognate with Guaraní mbarakaja.

îagûara

îagûarakangusu, îagûareté, *îagûaruna, îagûarusu

Gabriel Soares de Sousa
w:Gabriel Soares de Sousa

Noticia do Brasil
w:pt:Notícia do Brasil

Historia Naturalis Brasiliae
w:Historia Naturalis Brasiliae

Leopardus wiedii
Leopardus wiedii#Translingual

small spotted cat of the genus Leopardus. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:

Leopardus pardalis
Leopardus pardalis#Translingual

Leopardus tigrinus
Leopardus tigrinus#Translingual


peró

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek πέτρος (pétros)
Ancient Greek Πέτρος (Pétros)bor.
Latin Petrus
Old Galician-Portuguese Pedro
Portuguese Pedrobor.
Old Tupi Peró
Old Tupi peró
 Nominalization of Peró (“Peter”). The name was so common in Portugal in the 16th century that it became a noun among the Tupi.

etymon

Hans Staden (1557) chapter XVIII, in Warhaftige [Hiſtoria und] beſchꝛeibung eyner Landtſchafft der wilden nacketen/grimmigen menſchfreſſer leuthen/in der newenwelt America gelegen [True history and description of a land of wild, naked, fierce man-eating people located in the New World of America], volume 1 (overall work in German), Marburg: Andreas Kolbe, unnumbered page: “perot [peró]”

Jean de Léry (1578) chapter XIII, in Histoire d'un voyage fait en la terre du Bresil, autrement dite Amerique [History of a voyage to the land of Brazil, also called America] (overall work in Middle French), La Rochelle: Antoine Chuppin, page 197: “Peros [Peró]”

Georg Marcgrave, Willem Piso (1648) Historia Naturalis Brasiliae [Brazilian Natural History], Rerum Naturalium Historiae, book VIII, chapter IV (overall work in Latin), Amsterdam: Elzevir, page 268: “Pero [Peró]”

(Late Tupi) Portuguese (person native to Portugal)


Peró

Aço Pero rupigtigca igpe.

1622, anonymous author, “Alcançar ia a alguẽ q. uay caminhando”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 1 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 30; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:

I went to the river to catch up with Peter.

a male given name from Portuguese, equivalent to English Peter


tupinambá

desctree

→ Brazilian Portuguese: tupinambá
→ English: Tupinambá
→ Finnish: tupinambá, tupinamba
→ Spanish: tupinambá

→ French: tupinamba, topinambou, topinambour
→ German: Topinambur
→ Italian: topinambur
→ Portuguese: tupinambor, tupinambo

Unknown, but Eduardo de Almeida Navarro suggests tupi + anama + mbá.

Tupinambá (member of the Tupinambá people)


Potyra

→ Portuguese: Potira, Potyra


Kunhambeba

→ Brazilian Portuguese: Cunhambebe

[kũ.ɲãˈᵐbɛ.β̞a]


Moroupîarûera

→ Portuguese: Morupiaruera (learned)


Marakaîagûasu

→ Portuguese: Maracajá-Guaçu (learned)


Ka'ioby

Portuguese: Caiobi, Caiubi


Pindobusu

→ Brazilian Portuguese: Pindobuçu

Captaincy of São Vicente
w:Captaincy of São Vicente

Júlio Afrânio Peixoto
w:Júlio Afrânio Peixoto


tukanusu

desc

→ Portuguese: tucanuçu, tucanaçu, tucano-açu, → tucano-grande (calque)

From tukana (“toucan”) + -usu (augmentative suffix).

af

João Capistrano de Abreu
w:João Capistrano de Abreu

(North Tupi, now historical) a non-Tupian tribe that lived in Northeast Brazil


Urubutĩgûaba

/ʔuɾuβ̞utĩˈɣʷaβ̞a/

From urubutinga (“king vulture”) + gûaba (“waterer”).


Urubu

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, Auto de São Lourenço [Play of Saint Lawrence], Niterói, page 66, lines 750–754; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

Here's my big rope. Today I shall eat your severed arms, Îagûarusu your tights and your head, Urubu and Kaburé, your legs.


tupãoka

Nheengatu: tupauku

Etymology tree
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tupã
Old Tupi tupã
Old Tupi Tupã
Proto-Tupian *ekʷ
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ok
Proto-Tupian *-ap
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *-aβ?
Old Tupi -a
Old Tupi oka
Old Tupi tupãoka
From Tupã (“God”) + oka (“house”), coined by Jesuits in the 16th century. Piecewise doublet of Tupã roka.
Compare Paraguayan Guaraní tupão.

etymon

Xe pô, xepi, abâ pô, y pi, ara o membira ragoera coabirè, S. Maria o membira IeSVS reraçou T. oc-ipe T. tubape y coabeenga, iudeos recomonhangába rupi.

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, “Februarius”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 3v:

Forty days after the birth of her son, Saint Mary took her son Jesus to the synagogue to present him to God the Father, following the Jewish law.

Putunamorecê y querpe xererijara T. òca eimonhang, ey S Maria y xupê; cò moçauçûba xeremimotaramo cecó cuapàba[…]

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, “Augustus”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 7:

On a certain night, in their sleep, Saint Mary said to them: "Make a church in my name. This dream is a sign of my will."

house of worship (mosque, church, synagogue, temple, or similar place where believers go to practice their faith)


Tebiresá

→ Portuguese: Tibiriçá


Ybytinga

/ɨ.βɨˈtĩ.ŋa/


'Ybotyra

→ Portuguese: Bartira

/ʔɨ.βɔ.ˈtɨ.ɾa/


Abatiposanga

From abati (“corn”) + posanga (“medicine”).


Aparaîtykabusu

From aparaîtyk (“to knock down”) + -ab (circumstantial suffix) + -usu (augmentative suffix).


Abaosanga

From abá (“man”) + osang (“patient”) + -a.


Ambu'aûasu

From ambu'a (“centipede”) + -ûasu (augmentative suffix), literally “big centipede”.


Ararusuaîa

From arara (“macaw”) + -usu (“big”) + ûaîa (“tail”).


Aîmbiré

Portuguese: Aimberê, Aimbirê

Oicobe / xepitiboanamete / xe piri mara tecoara / xe irunamo ocaibae / tubixacatu Aimbire / apiaba moangaipapara.

(Can we date this quote?), Joseph of Anchieta, Play of Saint Lawrence:

Exists / what will be my true helper, / what works alongside me, / what burns with me: / the chieftain Aimbirê, / the corrupter of the indigenous people.


Araryboîa

a male given name (son of Marakaîagûasu)


tabaîara

→ Portuguese: tabajara

From taba (“village”) + îara (“lord”). Piecewise doublet of tabyîara.

Tabajara, indigenous people that live in Northeastern Brazil


potigûara

desc

→ Brazilian Portuguese: potiguar, potiguara

Named after chieftain Potigûara, from potĩ (“shrimp”) + gûara (“eater”).

Potiguara, a Tupian people from Northeast Brazil


Îagûaruna

I kaûĩgûasupipó xe ramũîa Îagûaruna? Ene'ĩ! T'asabeypó! Erĩ! Aûîeté p'akó, aîegûak ûinhemoúna...

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, Auto de São Lourenço [Play of Saint Lawrence], Niterói, page 60; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

By the way, does my grandpa Îagûaruna have much cauim? Come on, I'm gonna get drunk! Wait! Actually, I must adorn myself with black paint...


tupinikĩ

desctree

→ Brazilian Portuguese: tupiniquim
→ English: Tupiniquim

Unknown, but Eduardo de Almeida Navarro suggests Tupi + ekyî + -a.

Tacejane moxirõ / taçone paratijpe / Tupinaquija reigpe / amo amo taijbõ
Xete cori reritipe

c. 1585, Joseph of Anchieta, “[Na Aldeia de Guaraparim]” (chapter LXIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ], Guarapari, page 156v, column 1, lines 727–731; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 297:

— I shall leave the evil one at least. I will go to the Parati river, to the Tupiniquim band, to hit some of them with arrows.
— Unlike you, today I go to Rerytiba.

Xeparatij çui
aiu tupãci repiaca
guinhemoyegoayegoaka
xeroribaõamari.
Cori catu xe ibija
Jporangatu rece
çoriba xe yabe
xeruba tupuna quija.

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, chapter XXXI, in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ], page 31, column 1, lines 1–8; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 70:

From the Parati river I come to see God's mother, adorning myself for my coming happiness. Very happy is my core with Her great beauty. He's happy, like me, my Tupiniquim father.


kasîana

Borrowed from Portuguese castelhano. It could also be a direct borrowing from Spanish, as Spaniards were present to some extent in 16th century Brazil and Anchieta himself was a native speaker of it.

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, Auto de São Lourenço [Play of Saint Lawrence], Niterói, page 74; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:


Itapuku

From itá (“stone”) + puku (“long”), literally “long stone”.


Serobabé

→ Portuguese: Zorobabé

[sɛ.ɾɔ.βaˈβɛ]


Itaîybá

Portuguese: Itagibá

From itá (“stone”) + îybá (“arm”), literally “stone arm”.


Itaomirĩ

From itá (“stone”) + oka (“house”) + mirĩ (“small”), literally “small stone house”.


Inĩgûasu

From inĩ (“hammock”) + -gûasu (augmentative suffix), literally “big hammock”.


Iperuûasu

From iperu (“shark”) + -ûasu (augmentative suffix).


kariîó

→ Brazilian Portuguese: carijó

* IPA⁽ᵏᵉʸ⁾: [ka.ɾiˈjɔ], [ka.ɾiˈʒɔ]
* Hyphenation: ka‧ri‧îó

(now historical, South Tupi) an indigenous people that lived in South Brazil


Soûerusu

From soba (“leaf”) + pûera (“old”) + -usu (augmentative suffix), literally “big fallen leaf”.

Commons:File:E-rara.ch’s Histoire d’un voyage fait en la terre du Brésil 408.jpg


Murukuîaûasu

From murukuîá (“passion fruit”) + -ûasu (augmentative suffix), literally “big passion fruit”.


Marakaûasu

From maraká (“rattle, maraca”) + -ûasu (augmentative suffix), literally “big rattle, maraca”.