uba

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ʔɨβ (“thigh”), from Proto-Tupian *kʔɨp (“leg”).
Cognate with Guaraní uvã.


un

head

un (IIa class pluriform, R1 run, R2 sun, noun form una)

form una (noun)
Causative
moún
-ba'e
i unyba'e
-sab
-saba
undaba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe un (active)
i un (active)
oré un (active)
îandé un (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe un (active)
ta nde un (active)
t'i un (active)
t'oré un (active)
t'îandé un (active)
ta pe un (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe uni (active)
na nde uni (active)
n'i uni (active)
n'oré uni (active)
n'îandé uni (active)
na pe uni (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde un umẽ (active)
pe un umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe un umẽ (active)
ta nde un umẽ (active)
t'i un umẽ (active)
t'oré un umẽ (active)
t'îandé un umẽ (active)
ta pe un umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe unamo (gerund)
nde unamo (gerund)
o unamo (gerund)
oré unamo (gerund)
îandé unamo (gerund)
pe unamo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe une'ymamo (gerund)
nde une'ymamo (gerund)
o une'ymamo (gerund)
oré une'ymamo (gerund)
îandé une'ymamo (gerund)
pe une'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
una (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
une'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe uni (infinitive)
i uni (infinitive)
oré uni (infinitive)
îandé uni (infinitive)
xe une'ymi (infinitive)
i une'ymi (infinitive)
oré une'ymi (infinitive)
îandé une'ymi (infinitive)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *un (“black, dark”).
Cognate with Guaraní hũ.


py

head

py (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute mby)

Nheengatu: pí

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pɨ, *mbɨ, from Proto-Tupian *pɨ, *mbɨ.
Cognate with Guaraní py.


ty

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tɨ (“liquid, urine”), from Proto-Tupian *tˀɨ (“liquid, urine”). Doublet of y.
Cognate with Sateré-Mawé hɨ (“river”), Guaraní ty (“urine”).


una

head

una (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute tuna, R1 runa, R2 suna)

Nheengatu: una (adjective)


kama

Nheengatu: kama

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kam, from Proto-Tupian *ᵑkam.
Cognate with Paraguayan Guaraní káma.


aba

aba (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute taba, R1 raba, R2 saba)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *rap, from Proto-Mawé-Guaraní *t͡sap, from Proto-Tupian *jap.
Cognate with Sateré-Mawé sap, Guaraní ague.


'a

From Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ʔa (“fruit, head”), from Proto-Tupian *ʔa (“fruit, head”).
Cognate wirh Sateré-Mawé 'a and Guaraní 'a.


ting

form tinga (noun)
Causative
moting
-ba'e
tingyba'e
-sab
-saba
tingaba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe ting (active)
ting (active)
oré ting (active)
îandé ting (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe ting (active)
ta nde ting (active)
ta ting (active)
t'oré ting (active)
t'îandé ting (active)
ta pe ting (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe tingi (active)
na nde tingi (active)
na tingi (active)
n'oré tingi (active)
n'îandé tingi (active)
na pe tingi (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde ting umẽ (active)
pe ting umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe ting umẽ (active)
ta nde ting umẽ (active)
ta ting umẽ (active)
t'oré ting umẽ (active)
t'îandé ting umẽ (active)
ta pe ting umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe tingamo (gerund)
nde tingamo (gerund)
o tingamo (gerund)
oré tingamo (gerund)
îandé tingamo (gerund)
pe tingamo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe tinge'ymamo (gerund)
nde tinge'ymamo (gerund)
o tinge'ymamo (gerund)
oré tinge'ymamo (gerund)
îandé tinge'ymamo (gerund)
pe tinge'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
tinga (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
tinge'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe tingi (infinitive)
tingi (infinitive)
oré tingi (infinitive)
îandé tingi (infinitive)
xe tinge'ymi (infinitive)
tinge'ymi (infinitive)
oré tinge'ymi (infinitive)
îandé tinge'ymi (infinitive)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tiŋ, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tˀiŋ.


pira

pira (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute mbira)

Nheengatu: pira

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pir, from Proto-Tupian *pit.
Cognate with Paraguayan Guaraní pire.

skin (outer protective layer of the body of a person or animal)


pora

pora (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute mbora)

bruise; scratch (mark on the skin left by a blow)


pó

pó (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute mbó)

Nheengatu: pú

From Proto-Tupi-Guarani *po, from Proto-Tupian *po.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní and Paraguayan Guaraní po.

Nde morerecoâr xerî
Nde poguîrêpe xenonga
Nde raquîpoêra rupî
Toçô xeanga yepi,
Tecô catû mono onga.

(Can we date this quote?), Cristóvão Valente, “Do nome ſantifsimo de IESV”, in Antônio de Araújo, compiler, (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon:

Be thou my guardian putting thy hands on me. Through your footprints, may my soul always go collecting virtues.


tinga

Nheengatu: tinga


tinga

nausea (feeling of illness or discomfort in the digestive system)


pé

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pe, from Proto-Tupian *pe.


kanga

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kaŋ, from Proto-Tupian *kaŋ.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní kã.

etymon

M. O atá yepé cerà y ij bà mocõya ita pigoâ coaráma rece?
D. Oatá yepè.
M. Marãpe ibiâ cerecou, ymondîca potà?
D. Opaçama pupè yapitiũcequicequij etebo ycanga yeptâçába peabo oyo çuî.

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, chapter IX, in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 62v:

Master: Was his arm too short to reach the place where the nails would go?
Disciple: It was.
Master: What did they do, wanting to draw them closer?
Disciple: With a whole rope they tied it, pulling it a lot and separating its bones from their joints.


akanga

Nheengatu: akanga

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *a-kaŋ. By surface analysis, 'a (“head”) + kanga (“bone”).


asy

head

asy (IIa class pluriform, R1 rasy, R2 sasy, noun form asy)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tat͡sɨ (“to hurt, pain”), from Proto-Tupian *(j)atɨ (“to hurt, pain”).
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní axy.


asy

head

asy (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute tasy, R1 rasy, R2 sasy)


oby

oby (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute toby, R1 roby, R2 soby)


oby

oby (IIa class pluriform, R1 roby, R2 soby, noun form oby)

form oby (noun)
Causative
mooby
-ba'e
sobyba'e
-sab
-saba
obŷaba／obysaba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe roby (active)
soby (active)
oré roby (active)
îandé roby (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe roby (active)
ta nde roby (active)
ta soby (active)
t'oré roby (active)
t'îandé roby (active)
ta pe roby (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe robyî (active)
na nde robyî (active)
na sobyî (active)
n'oré robyî (active)
n'îandé robyî (active)
na pe robyî (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde roby umẽ (active)
pe roby umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe roby umẽ (active)
ta nde roby umẽ (active)
ta soby umẽ (active)
t'oré roby umẽ (active)
t'îandé roby umẽ (active)
ta pe roby umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe robyramo (gerund)
nde robyramo (gerund)
o obyramo (gerund)
oré robyramo (gerund)
îandé robyramo (gerund)
pe robyramo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe robye'ymamo (gerund)
nde robye'ymamo (gerund)
o obye'ymamo (gerund)
oré robye'ymamo (gerund)
îandé robye'ymamo (gerund)
pe robye'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
oby (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
obye'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe robyû (infinitive)
sobyû (infinitive)
oré robyû (infinitive)
îandé robyû (infinitive)
xe robye'ymi (infinitive)
sobye'ymi (infinitive)
oré robye'ymi (infinitive)
îandé robye'ymi (infinitive)


pereba

pereba (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute mereba)

Nheengatu: perewa

→ Brazilian Portuguese: pereba

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pereβ, from Proto-Tupian *perep.

inh+

Near-synonyms: kutukagûera, pora


pysã

head

pysã (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute mysã)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pɨt͡ʃã, from Proto-Tupian *pɨt͡ʃˀã.
Cognate with Guaraní pysã.


kamby

Nheengatu: kambí

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kamɨ. By surface analysis, kama (“breast”) + y (“liquid”).
Cognate with Guaraní kamby.

surf

milk (white liquid produced by the mammary glands)


esá

head

esá (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute tesá, R1 resá, R2 sesá)

Nheengatu: esá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tsetsa, from Proto-Tupian *(e-)t͡sa.
Cognate with Guaraní tesa.


piranga

head

piranga (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute miranga)

Nheengatu: piranga


ybaka

Nheengatu: iwaka

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ɨβa-k (“sky”), from Proto-Tupian *ɨpʷa- (“high”). Doublet of ybaté. The sense of heaven is a semantic loan from Portuguese céu.
Cognate with Guaraní yvága.


nambi

Nheengatu: nambí

→ Brazilian Portuguese: nambi

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *nami.
Cognate with Guaraní nambi.

S. Pedro y tãgapema ocequij morubixàba rembiauçuba Malco ceribaè ra pixapa, ynambi mondôra

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, “Paſſo da Prizão.” (chapter III), in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 54b:

Saint Peter drew his sword, striking a servant of the high priest called Malchus, cutting off his ear.

ear; auricle (external part of the organ of hearing)


aîa

head

aîa (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute taîa, R1 raîa, R2 saîa)


gûatá

tpw-verb

gûatá (first-person singular active indicative agûatá, first-person singular negative active indicative n'agûatáî, first-person singular gerund gûigûatábo, noun gûatá) (intransitive)

agûatá (active first-person indicative singular)
n'agûatáî (active first-person indicative negative singular)
gûigûatábo (first-person gerund singular)
gûatá (noun)
Causative
mogûatá
Causative-comitative
erogûatá
-ba'e
ogûataba'e
-sab
-saba
gûatasaba
-sar
-sara
gûatasara
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
agûatá (active)
eregûatá (active)
ogûatá (active)
orogûatá (active)
îagûatá (active)
pegûatá (active)
Permissive (active)
t'agûatá (active)
t'eregûatá (active)
t'ogûatá (active)
t'orogûatá (active)
t'îagûatá (active)
ta pegûatá (active)
Imperative (active)
egûatá (active)
Negative indicative (active)
n'agûatáî (active)
n'eregûatáî (active)
n'ogûatáî (active)
n'orogûatáî (active)
n'îagûatáî (active)
na pegûatáî (active)
Negative permissive (active)
t'agûatá umẽ (active)
t'eregûatá umẽ (active)
t'ogûatá umẽ (active)
t'orogûatá umẽ (active)
t'îagûatá umẽ (active)
ta pegûatá umẽ (active)
Negative imperative (active)
egûatá umẽ (active)
pegûatá umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
gûigûatábo (gerund)
egûatábo (gerund)
ogûatábo (gerund)
orogûatábo (gerund)
îagûatábo (gerund)
pegûatábo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
gûigûatae'yma (gerund)
egûatae'yma (gerund)
ogûatae'yma (gerund)
orogûatae'yma (gerund)
îagûatae'yma (gerund)
pegûatae'yma (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
gûatá (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
gûatae'yma (infinitive)
xe gûatáû (infinitive)
i gûatáû (infinitive)
oré gûatáû (infinitive)
îandé gûatáû (infinitive)
xe gûatae'ymi (infinitive)
i gûatae'ymi (infinitive)
oré gûatae'ymi (infinitive)
îandé gûatae'ymi (infinitive)

Nheengatu: watá


upaba

head

upaba (possessable, IIb class pluriform, absolute tupaba, R1 rupaba, R2 tupaba)

Nheengatu: tupa, tupé

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *-upaβ, from Proto-Tupian *-upap. By surface analysis, ub (“to lie”) + -ab (instrumentalizer suffix) + -a, literally “lying place”.
Cogante with Mbyá Guaraní upa.

surf

field (wide, open space that is used to grow crops)


kûara

Nheengatu: kuara, kwara

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kʷa, from Proto-Tupian *kʷat.
Cognate with Awetí kwat, Guaraní kua.


nhan

tpw-verb

nhan (first-person singular active indicative anhan, first-person singular negative active indicative n'anhani, first-person singular gerund gûinhana, noun nhana) (intransitive)

anhan (active first-person indicative singular)
n'anhani (active first-person indicative negative singular)
gûinhana (first-person gerund singular)
nhana (noun)
Causative
monhan
Causative-comitative
eronhan
-ba'e
onhanyba'e
-sab
-saba
nhandaba
-sar
-sara
nhandara
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
anhan (active)
erenhan (active)
onhan (active)
oronhan (active)
îanhan (active)
penhan (active)
Permissive (active)
t'anhan (active)
t'erenhan (active)
t'onhan (active)
t'oronhan (active)
t'îanhan (active)
ta penhan (active)
Imperative (active)
enhan (active)
Negative indicative (active)
n'anhani (active)
n'erenhani (active)
n'onhani (active)
n'oronhani (active)
n'îanhani (active)
na penhani (active)
Negative permissive (active)
t'anhan umẽ (active)
t'erenhan umẽ (active)
t'onhan umẽ (active)
t'oronhan umẽ (active)
t'îanhan umẽ (active)
ta penhan umẽ (active)
Negative imperative (active)
enhan umẽ (active)
penhan umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
gûinhana (gerund)
enhana (gerund)
onhana (gerund)
oronhana (gerund)
îanhana (gerund)
penhana (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
gûinhane'yma (gerund)
enhane'yma (gerund)
onhane'yma (gerund)
oronhane'yma (gerund)
îanhane'yma (gerund)
penhane'yma (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
nhana (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
nhane'yma (infinitive)
xe nhani (infinitive)
i nhani (infinitive)
oré nhani (infinitive)
îandé nhani (infinitive)
xe nhane'ymi (infinitive)
i nhane'ymi (infinitive)
oré nhane'ymi (infinitive)
îandé nhane'ymi (infinitive)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *wan, from Proto-Tupian *jan.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní nha.

Abá onhan.


pirang

form piranga (noun)
Causative
mopirang
-ba'e
i pirangyba'e
-sab
-saba
pirangaba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe pirang (active)
i pirang (active)
oré pirang (active)
îandé pirang (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe pirang (active)
ta nde pirang (active)
t'i pirang (active)
t'oré pirang (active)
t'îandé pirang (active)
ta pe pirang (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe pirangi (active)
na nde pirangi (active)
n'i pirangi (active)
n'oré pirangi (active)
n'îandé pirangi (active)
na pe pirangi (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde pirang umẽ (active)
pe pirang umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe pirang umẽ (active)
ta nde pirang umẽ (active)
t'i pirang umẽ (active)
t'oré pirang umẽ (active)
t'îandé pirang umẽ (active)
ta pe pirang umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe pirangamo (gerund)
nde pirangamo (gerund)
o pirangamo (gerund)
oré pirangamo (gerund)
îandé pirangamo (gerund)
pe pirangamo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe pirange'ymamo (gerund)
nde pirange'ymamo (gerund)
o pirange'ymamo (gerund)
oré pirange'ymamo (gerund)
îandé pirange'ymamo (gerund)
pe pirange'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
piranga (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
pirange'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe pirangi (infinitive)
i pirangi (infinitive)
oré pirangi (infinitive)
îandé pirangi (infinitive)
xe pirange'ymi (infinitive)
i pirange'ymi (infinitive)
oré pirange'ymi (infinitive)
îandé pirange'ymi (infinitive)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *piraŋ.


pytang

form pytanga (noun)
Causative
mopytang
-ba'e
i pytangyba'e
-sab
-saba
pytangaba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe pytang (active)
i pytang (active)
oré pytang (active)
îandé pytang (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe pytang (active)
ta nde pytang (active)
t'i pytang (active)
t'oré pytang (active)
t'îandé pytang (active)
ta pe pytang (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe pytangi (active)
na nde pytangi (active)
n'i pytangi (active)
n'oré pytangi (active)
n'îandé pytangi (active)
na pe pytangi (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde pytang umẽ (active)
pe pytang umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe pytang umẽ (active)
ta nde pytang umẽ (active)
t'i pytang umẽ (active)
t'oré pytang umẽ (active)
t'îandé pytang umẽ (active)
ta pe pytang umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe pytangamo (gerund)
nde pytangamo (gerund)
o pytangamo (gerund)
oré pytangamo (gerund)
îandé pytangamo (gerund)
pe pytangamo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe pytange'ymamo (gerund)
nde pytange'ymamo (gerund)
o pytange'ymamo (gerund)
oré pytange'ymamo (gerund)
îandé pytange'ymamo (gerund)
pe pytange'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
pytanga (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
pytange'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe pytangi (infinitive)
i pytangi (infinitive)
oré pytangi (infinitive)
îandé pytangi (infinitive)
xe pytange'ymi (infinitive)
i pytange'ymi (infinitive)
oré pytange'ymi (infinitive)
îandé pytange'ymi (infinitive)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pɨtaŋ.
Cognate with Guaraní pytã.

ybyrapytanga

pastelly (having a having a light and low-intensity shade)


îub

form îuba (noun)
Causative
moîub
-ba'e
i îuba'e／i îubyba'e
-sab
-saba
îupaba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe îub (active)
i îub (active)
oré îub (active)
îandé îub (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe îub (active)
ta nde îub (active)
t'i îub (active)
t'oré îub (active)
t'îandé îub (active)
ta pe îub (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe îubi (active)
na nde îubi (active)
n'i îubi (active)
n'oré îubi (active)
n'îandé îubi (active)
na pe îubi (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde îub umẽ (active)
pe îub umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe îub umẽ (active)
ta nde îub umẽ (active)
t'i îub umẽ (active)
t'oré îub umẽ (active)
t'îandé îub umẽ (active)
ta pe îub umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe îubamo (gerund)
nde îubamo (gerund)
o îubamo (gerund)
oré îubamo (gerund)
îandé îubamo (gerund)
pe îubamo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe îube'ymamo (gerund)
nde îube'ymamo (gerund)
o îube'ymamo (gerund)
oré îube'ymamo (gerund)
îandé îube'ymamo (gerund)
pe îube'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
îuba (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
îube'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe îubi (infinitive)
i îubi (infinitive)
oré îubi (infinitive)
îandé îubi (infinitive)
xe îube'ymi (infinitive)
i îube'ymi (infinitive)
oré îube'ymi (infinitive)
îandé îube'ymi (infinitive)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *juβ (“yellow”), from Proto-Tupian *wup (“red”).
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní ju.


îuba

Yapigtejuba.

1622, anonymous author, “Gema de ouo”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 1 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 147; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:


pytanga

Nheengatu: pitanga


e'õ

head

e'õ (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute te'õ, R1 re'õ, R2 se'õ)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *-eʔõ (“to die”), from Proto-Tupian *eʔõ (“to die”).
Cognate with Guaraní e'õ and Eastern Bolivian Guaraní tẽo.

inh+

Opá te'õ îandé mondyki.

1952 [1618], Antônio de Araújo, Catecismo na Língua Brasílica, Rio de Janeiro: PUC, page 315:


uruku

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *uruku, from Proto-Tupian *ɨrʲuku.
Cognate with Guaraní uruku.

Bixa orellana
Bixa orellana#Translingual


uruku

Nheengatu: urukú

→ Portuguese: urucum

achiote (orange-red dye obtained from the anchiote seed)


katinga

Nheengatu: katinga

→ Portuguese: catinga

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *katiŋ. By surface analysis, aby'aka (“stench”) + ting (“nauseous”) + -a.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní kaxĩ.

surf

funk (foul or unpleasant smell, especially body odour)


o'o

head

o'o (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute to'o, R1 ro'o, R2 so'o)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *oʔo (“meat”), from Proto-Tupian.
Cognate with Guaraní so'o.


eté

head

eté (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute teté, R1 reté, R2 seté)


andyrá

Nheengatu: andirá

→ Brazilian Portuguese: andirá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *anɨra.

inh+

Anjo. Baepe que tuj opica?
Andira ruâpee.
Panama, coipo guaiquica?
enero, cururu açica?
eri, carigueya e.
Ejori
baenẽ baepoxi
bora, miaratacaca
ceboi, tamarutaca
ſarau[aya] — Xepoeirai, xeropecij
auye, teume xemombaca.

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, “Na feſta de .ſ. L^(ço)” (chapter XLIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ], Niterói, page 71, lines 483–493; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 133:

Angel: What is here, lying still? Is it a bat, a butterfly or a short-tailed opossum? Maybe a crippled frog? Ay opossum! Come, you stinky, nasty thing, stingless bee, skunk, worm, mantis shrimp.
Saraûaîa: I'm tired, I'm sleepy. Enough! Don't wake me up!

Gabriel Soares de Sousa
w:Gabriel Soares de Sousa

Noticia do Brasil
w:pt:Notícia do Brasil

bat (any flying mammal of the order Chiroptera)


py'a

head

py'a (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute my'a)

Nheengatu: piá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pɨʔa (“liver”), from Proto-Tupian *pɨʔa (“liver”).
Cognate with Guaraní py'a.

inh+

Xepiaecotebẽ.

1622, anonymous author, Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 1 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 36; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:

(figuratively) heart (source of one's feelings and emotions)

(figuratively) mind; brains (source of one's thoughts and awareness)

Acoeime aicotebẽ
Xerecopochipuruabo
taiticpac coty ypeabo
xenhiãme tereique
Xepig-a moingatuabo.

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, compiled by Eduardo de Almeida Navarro and Helder Perri Ferreira, Poemas: lírica portuguesa e tupi (Poetas do Brasil; 5), 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, published 2004, →ISBN, page 130, lines 27-31:

In the past, I was anguished, commiting wrongdoings. May I throw away all traps, repelling them. May you enter in my heart, protecting my core.

(figuratively) core; bowels (deepest or innermost part)


inĩ

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ini, from Proto-Tupian *ẽri.
Cognate with Kamayurá ini.


îybá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *jɨβa.
Cognate with Guaraní jyva.


etymã

head

etymã (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute tetymã, R1 retymã, R2 setymã)

Nheengatu: etimã

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *etɨmã.
Cognate with Paraguayan Guaraní tetyma.


popytera

head

popytera (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute mopytera)

Nheengatu: pú-pitera

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *popɨter. By surface analysis, pó (“hand”) + pytera (“middle”).
Cognate with Guaraní popyte.


moroting

form morotinga (noun)
Causative
momoroting
-ba'e
i morotingyba'e
-sab
-saba
morotingaba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe moroting (active)
i moroting (active)
oré moroting (active)
îandé moroting (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe moroting (active)
ta nde moroting (active)
t'i moroting (active)
t'oré moroting (active)
t'îandé moroting (active)
ta pe moroting (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe morotingi (active)
na nde morotingi (active)
n'i morotingi (active)
n'oré morotingi (active)
n'îandé morotingi (active)
na pe morotingi (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde moroting umẽ (active)
pe moroting umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe moroting umẽ (active)
ta nde moroting umẽ (active)
t'i moroting umẽ (active)
t'oré moroting umẽ (active)
t'îandé moroting umẽ (active)
ta pe moroting umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe morotingamo (gerund)
nde morotingamo (gerund)
o morotingamo (gerund)
oré morotingamo (gerund)
îandé morotingamo (gerund)
pe morotingamo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe morotinge'ymamo (gerund)
nde morotinge'ymamo (gerund)
o morotinge'ymamo (gerund)
oré morotinge'ymamo (gerund)
îandé morotinge'ymamo (gerund)
pe morotinge'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
morotinga (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
morotinge'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe morotingi (infinitive)
i morotingi (infinitive)
oré morotingi (infinitive)
îandé morotingi (infinitive)
xe morotinge'ymi (infinitive)
i morotinge'ymi (infinitive)
oré morotinge'ymi (infinitive)
îandé morotinge'ymi (infinitive)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *morotiŋ. By surface analysis, moro- + ting.
Cognate with Paraguayan Guaraní morotĩ.

inh+

[…]I morotĩngatu nde 'anga[…]

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, translated by Armando Cardoso, Doutrina Cristã: Catecismo Brasílico, volume 1, São Paulo: Edições Loyola, published 1992, →ISBN, page 204:


kaûĩ

Nheengatu: kawĩ

→ Portuguese: cauim

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kawĩ (“fermented drink, corn drink”).
Compare Mbyá Guaraní kaguijy and Paraguayan Guaraní kaguy.

inh+

cauim (traditional alcoholic beverage made by the fermentation of cashews, manioc or maize)


poranga

head

poranga (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute moranga)

Nheengatu: puranga (adjective)


ebira

ebira (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute tebira, R1 rebira, R2 sebira)

→ Portuguese: tibira, tubi, tuvira

hindquarters (the rear half of a quadruped)


ugûy

ugûy (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute tugûy, R1 rugûy, R2 sugûy)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tuwy, from Proto-Mawé-Guaraní *cuy, from Proto-Tupian *jəɯ.
Cognate with Sateré-Mawé suː, Guaraní tuguy.


ugûy

ugûy (IIa class pluriform, R1 rugûy, R2 sugûy, noun form ugûy)

form ugûy (noun)
Causative
mougûy
-ba'e
sugûyba'e
-sab
-saba
ugûŷaba／ugûysaba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe rugûy (active)
sugûy (active)
oré rugûy (active)
îandé rugûy (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe rugûy (active)
ta nde rugûy (active)
ta sugûy (active)
t'oré rugûy (active)
t'îandé rugûy (active)
ta pe rugûy (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe rugûyî (active)
na nde rugûyî (active)
na sugûyî (active)
n'oré rugûyî (active)
n'îandé rugûyî (active)
na pe rugûyî (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde rugûy umẽ (active)
pe rugûy umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe rugûy umẽ (active)
ta nde rugûy umẽ (active)
ta sugûy umẽ (active)
t'oré rugûy umẽ (active)
t'îandé rugûy umẽ (active)
ta pe rugûy umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe rugûyramo (gerund)
nde rugûyramo (gerund)
o ugûyramo (gerund)
oré rugûyramo (gerund)
îandé rugûyramo (gerund)
pe rugûyramo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe rugûye'ymamo (gerund)
nde rugûye'ymamo (gerund)
o ugûye'ymamo (gerund)
oré rugûye'ymamo (gerund)
îandé rugûye'ymamo (gerund)
pe rugûye'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
ugûy (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
ugûye'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe rugûyû (infinitive)
sugûyû (infinitive)
oré rugûyû (infinitive)
îandé rugûyû (infinitive)
xe rugûye'ymi (infinitive)
sugûye'ymi (infinitive)
oré rugûye'ymi (infinitive)
îandé rugûye'ymi (infinitive)

menstruous (currently undergoing menstruation)


yby

yby (possessable, IIb class pluriform, absolute tyby, R1 ryby, R2 tyby)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *(ʔ)ɨβɨ, from Proto-Tupian *ꝁɯt͡spɨ.
Cognate with Guaraní and Mbyá Guaraní yvy.


so'ogûasurãîgûera

From so'o (“beast of venery”) + -gûasu (“big”) + rãî (“tooth”) + gûer (“former”) + -a, literally “big beast of venery's former tooth”.

af

(Late Tupi, hapax) ivory (hard white form of dentin which forms the tusks of elephants)


pûer

form pûera (noun)
Causative
momûer
-ba'e
i pûeryba'e
-sab
-saba
pûesaba／pûeraba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe pûer (active)
i pûer (active)
oré pûer (active)
îandé pûer (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe pûer (active)
ta nde pûer (active)
t'i pûer (active)
t'oré pûer (active)
t'îandé pûer (active)
ta pe pûer (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe pûeri (active)
na nde pûeri (active)
n'i pûeri (active)
n'oré pûeri (active)
n'îandé pûeri (active)
na pe pûeri (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde pûer umẽ (active)
pe pûer umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe pûer umẽ (active)
ta nde pûer umẽ (active)
t'i pûer umẽ (active)
t'oré pûer umẽ (active)
t'îandé pûer umẽ (active)
ta pe pûer umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe pûeramo (gerund)
nde pûeramo (gerund)
o pûeramo (gerund)
oré pûeramo (gerund)
îandé pûeramo (gerund)
pe pûeramo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe pûere'ymamo (gerund)
nde pûere'ymamo (gerund)
o pûere'ymamo (gerund)
oré pûere'ymamo (gerund)
îandé pûere'ymamo (gerund)
pe pûere'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
pûera (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
pûere'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe pûeri (infinitive)
i pûeri (infinitive)
oré pûeri (infinitive)
îandé pûeri (infinitive)
xe pûere'ymi (infinitive)
i pûere'ymi (infinitive)
oré pûere'ymi (infinitive)
îandé pûere'ymi (infinitive)

Nheengatu: kwera

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pʷer (“ancient”), from Proto-Tupian *pʷet (“ancient”).
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní -re and Paraguayan Guaraní -kue.


nhy'ã

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *jeʔã (“heart”).
Cognate with Guaraní ñe'ã.

(broadly) bowels; entrails (the internal organs)


sybá

Nheengatu: siwá

forehead (part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hairline)


a'yra

head

a'yra (possessable, IIb class pluriform, absolute ta'yra, R1 ra'yra, R2 ta'yra, female equivalent aîyra)

Nheengatu: taíra

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *-aʔɨr (“son of a man”), from Proto-Tupian *aʔɨt (“son of a man”).
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní a'y.

inh+

first cousin once removed
first cousin once removed

first cousin once removed (son of a male first cousin)


obá

head

obá (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute tobá, R1 robá, R2 sobá)

Nheengatu: suá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *toβa (“face”), from Proto-Tupian *jəba (“face, forehead”).
Cognate with Guaraní tova.

inh+

face (front part of the head of a human or animal)


nhe'enge'yma

Nheengatu: nheengaíma

/ɲɛˌʔɛ̃.ŋɛˈʔɨ̃.ma/

From nhe'enga (“word”) + -e'ym (“-less”) + -a.


obyeté

head

obyeté (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute tobyeté, R1 robyeté, R2 sobyeté)

[ɔˌβ̞ɨ.ɛˈtɛ]

From oby (“blue, green, purple”) + eté (“true”), as to differentiate it from the other colors.


obyeté

head

obyeté (IIa class pluriform, R1 robyeté, R2 sobyeté, noun form obyeté)

form obyeté (noun)
Causative
moobyeté
-ba'e
sobyeteba'e
-sab
-saba
obyeteaba／obyetesaba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe robyeté (active)
sobyeté (active)
oré robyeté (active)
îandé robyeté (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe robyeté (active)
ta nde robyeté (active)
ta sobyeté (active)
t'oré robyeté (active)
t'îandé robyeté (active)
ta pe robyeté (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe robyetéî (active)
na nde robyetéî (active)
na sobyetéî (active)
n'oré robyetéî (active)
n'îandé robyetéî (active)
na pe robyetéî (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde robyeté umẽ (active)
pe robyeté umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe robyeté umẽ (active)
ta nde robyeté umẽ (active)
ta sobyeté umẽ (active)
t'oré robyeté umẽ (active)
t'îandé robyeté umẽ (active)
ta pe robyeté umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe robyetéramo (gerund)
nde robyetéramo (gerund)
o obyetéramo (gerund)
oré robyetéramo (gerund)
îandé robyetéramo (gerund)
pe robyetéramo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe robyetee'ymamo (gerund)
nde robyetee'ymamo (gerund)
o obyetee'ymamo (gerund)
oré robyetee'ymamo (gerund)
îandé robyetee'ymamo (gerund)
pe robyetee'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
obyeté (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
obyetee'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe robyetéû (infinitive)
sobyetéû (infinitive)
oré robyetéû (infinitive)
îandé robyetéû (infinitive)
xe robyetee'ymi (infinitive)
sobyetee'ymi (infinitive)
oré robyetee'ymi (infinitive)
îandé robyetee'ymi (infinitive)

[ɔˌβ̞ɨ.ɛˈtɛ]


anhanga ratá

Literally, “devil's fire”. Coined by Jesuits in the 16th century.


ãîa

ãîa (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute tãîa, R1 rãîa, R2 sãîa)

Nheengatu: anha

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tãj, from Proto-Tupian *jãj.
Cognate with Guaraní tãi.

tooth (hard structure present in the mouth of many animals)


esatinga

esatinga (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute tesatinga, R1 resatinga, R2 sesatinga)


'aba

Nheengatu: awa

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ʔaβ. By surface analysis, 'a (“head”) + aba (“hair”).
Cognate with Awetí ʔap.


obaîuba

Nheengatu: uaíwa

[ɔ.β̞aˈʝu.β̞a]

From obá (“face”) + îub (“yellow”) + -a.


'apiku'i

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ʔapikuʔi. By surface analysis, 'a (“head”) + pira (“skin”) + ku'i (“flour”).
Cognate with Guaraní apiku'i.


puraké

head

puraké (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute muraké)

Nheengatu: puraké

elbow (joint between upper arm and forearm)


u'uba

u'uba (possessable, IIc class pluriform, absolute u'uba, R1 ru'uba, R2 su'uba)

Nheengatu: uíwa

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *uʔyP, from Proto-Tupian *ə-ꝁɯP.
Cognate with Guaraní hu'y.

arrow (projectile that is shot from a bow)


akûãîa

akûãîa (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute takûãîa, R1 rakûãîa, R2 sakûãîa)

Nheengatu: akunha

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *akʷãj. By surface analysis, akó (“groin, crotch”) + ãîa (“tooth”) or akó + ûaîa (“tail”).
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní akuãĩ.

surface analysis

Erepokókpe nde rakuãia resé eñemoaguyrōmo?

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, “Sextum Mandatum”, in [Doutrina Cristã]; republished as Armando Cardoso, compiler, Doutrina Cristã: Doutrina autógrafa e confessionário, volume 2, São Paulo: Loyola, 1992, →ISBN, page 90, line 13:

Have you touched your penis arousing yourself?


kesaba

Nheengatu: kisawa

From ker (“to sleep”) + -sab (instrumentalizer suffix) + -a, literally “sleeping place”.

af

perch (rod used used as a roost by birds)


endy

head

endy (IIa class pluriform, R1 rendy, R2 sendy, noun form endy)

form endy (noun)
Causative
moendy
-ba'e
sendyba'e
-sab
-saba
endŷaba／endysaba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe rendy (active)
sendy (active)
oré rendy (active)
îandé rendy (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe rendy (active)
ta nde rendy (active)
ta sendy (active)
t'oré rendy (active)
t'îandé rendy (active)
ta pe rendy (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe rendyî (active)
na nde rendyî (active)
na sendyî (active)
n'oré rendyî (active)
n'îandé rendyî (active)
na pe rendyî (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde rendy umẽ (active)
pe rendy umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe rendy umẽ (active)
ta nde rendy umẽ (active)
ta sendy umẽ (active)
t'oré rendy umẽ (active)
t'îandé rendy umẽ (active)
ta pe rendy umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe rendyramo (gerund)
nde rendyramo (gerund)
o endyramo (gerund)
oré rendyramo (gerund)
îandé rendyramo (gerund)
pe rendyramo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe rendye'ymamo (gerund)
nde rendye'ymamo (gerund)
o endye'ymamo (gerund)
oré rendye'ymamo (gerund)
îandé rendye'ymamo (gerund)
pe rendye'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
endy (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
endye'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe rendyû (infinitive)
sendyû (infinitive)
oré rendyû (infinitive)
îandé rendyû (infinitive)
xe rendye'ymi (infinitive)
sendye'ymi (infinitive)
oré rendye'ymi (infinitive)
îandé rendye'ymi (infinitive)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *en-tɨ, from Proto-Tupian *enɨ. By surface analysis, ena (“mouth”) + y (“liquid”).
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní endyry.


embé

head

embé (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute tembé, R1 rembé, R2 sembé)

Nheengatu: embé

Coordinate term: apûã (“upper lip”)

labium inferius oris
labium inferius oris

(strictly) labium inferius oris; lower lip


umbyk

*umbyk (IIa class pluriform, R1 *rumbyk, R2 *sumbyk, noun form *umbyka)

Nheengatu: sumbika


arukanga

Nheengatu: arukanga

M. Mbäépe Tupã oimonháng iandé rubypy remirecó retéramo?
D. Iarucanga anhó.

1686 [1618], Antônio de Araújo, “Da creaçaõ do primeiro homem” (chapter 3), in Bartolomeu de Leão, editor, Cateciſmo Braſilico da Doutrina Chriſtãa [Brazilian Catechism of the Christian Doctrine], 2 edition, Cateciſmo […] (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Miguel Deslandes, page 48:

M. What did God transform in the body of the wife of our first father?
D. Only his rib.


apûã

Coordinate term: embé (“lower lip”)

labium superius oris
labium superius oris


aîura

Nheengatu: ayura

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *jur, from Proto-Tupian *wut.
Cognate with Paraguayan Guaraní ajúra.

Oyâbo acé Sanctos ará cuábi, oyábo bê acé ycãgoerĩ tiruã mombaêtêo oaiuri cerecõbocecê onhemoapicicatuabo yepi cecé oyerobiâ.

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, “Da inſtituição do Domingo”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 12v:

The same way people acknowledge the saints' days, they too worship even their little bones as well, keeping them in their necks so as to always comfort themselves, trusting in them.

neck (part of the body connecting the head and the trunk)


e'ẽ

e'ẽ (IIa class pluriform, R1 re'ẽ, R2 se'ẽ, noun form e'ẽ)

form e'ẽ (noun)
Causative
moe'ẽ
-ba'e
se'ẽba'e
-sab
-saba
e'ẽsaba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe re'ẽ (active)
se'ẽ (active)
oré re'ẽ (active)
îandé re'ẽ (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe re'ẽ (active)
ta nde re'ẽ (active)
ta se'ẽ (active)
t'oré re'ẽ (active)
t'îandé re'ẽ (active)
ta pe re'ẽ (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe re'ẽî (active)
na nde re'ẽî (active)
na se'ẽî (active)
n'oré re'ẽî (active)
n'îandé re'ẽî (active)
na pe re'ẽî (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde re'ẽ umẽ (active)
pe re'ẽ umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe re'ẽ umẽ (active)
ta nde re'ẽ umẽ (active)
ta se'ẽ umẽ (active)
t'oré re'ẽ umẽ (active)
t'îandé re'ẽ umẽ (active)
ta pe re'ẽ umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe re'ẽnamo (gerund)
nde re'ẽnamo (gerund)
o e'ẽnamo (gerund)
oré re'ẽnamo (gerund)
îandé re'ẽnamo (gerund)
pe re'ẽnamo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe re'ẽe'ymamo (gerund)
nde re'ẽe'ymamo (gerund)
o e'ẽe'ymamo (gerund)
oré re'ẽe'ymamo (gerund)
îandé re'ẽe'ymamo (gerund)
pe re'ẽe'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
e'ẽ (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
e'ẽe'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe re'ẽû (infinitive)
se'ẽû (infinitive)
oré re'ẽû (infinitive)
îandé re'ẽû (infinitive)
xe re'ẽe'ymi (infinitive)
se'ẽe'ymi (infinitive)
oré re'ẽe'ymi (infinitive)
îandé re'ẽe'ymi (infinitive)

Nheengatu: seẽ

Ig-eẽ.

1622, anonymous author, “Agoa salgada”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 1 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 24; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953: