uba

head

uba (possessable, IIb class pluriform, absolute tuba, R1 ruba, R2 tuba)

Nheengatu: uba

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tup (“father”), from Proto-Tupian *t͡sup (“father”).
Cognate with Guaraní túva.

inh+

(Christianity, Late Tupi) godfather (man present at the christening of a baby)


ybyrá

Nheengatu: mirá

→ Portuguese: Ibirá, Iburá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ɨβɨr. The sense of cross is a semantic loan from Portuguese madeiro.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní and Paraguayan Guaraní yvyra.

cog

Îandé 'anga raûsupape
ybyrá pupé omanõmo;
îandé repyme'engape,
anhangape oîemoyrõmo,
îandé raûsupa,
îandé rarõmo
îandé 'anga pysyrõmo.

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, “Cantiga por "El sin ventura"”, in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, Helder Perri Ferreira, compilers, Poemas: lírica portuguesa e tupi (Poetas do Brasil; 5), 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, published 2004, →ISBN, page 90, lines 8–14:

Because of his love for our soul, he dies on the cross; to give us the remission, infuriating himself because of the devil, loving us, looking after us, saving our soul.


ybaka

Nheengatu: iwaka

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ɨβa-k (“sky”), from Proto-Tupian *ɨpʷa- (“high”). Doublet of ybaté. The sense of heaven is a semantic loan from Portuguese céu.
Cognate with Guaraní yvága.


Tupã

Nheengatu: Tupana

→ Portuguese: Tupã

Ne mungitta dee Tuppan do Quabe anamaſu y an dee Imme Ranni me ſiſe[…]

1557, Hans Staden, chapter 20, in Warhaftige [Hiſtoria und] beſchꝛeibung eyner Landtſchafft der wilden nacketen/grimmigen menſchfreſſer leuthen/in der newenwelt America gelegen [True history and description of a land of wild, naked, fierce man-eating people located in the New World of America] (overall work in German), Marburg: Andreas Kolbe, unnumbered page:

Ask your God to truly make the storm pass so that it does not harm us.

[…]peẽ Christam ramo pereco roije / Coy peẽ pecanhema rece natecatupe Erimae Chris/tam recou Paitupa raucuba peabo rau

1645 October 21, Diogo Pinheiro Camarão, Letter to Baltazar Araberana, Gaspar Cararu, Jandaia and Pedro Valadin (Camarão Indians' letters; 6), page 2:

You, as Christians, are sick. Now you, for your doom, are the most vunerable. In the past you were Christians, but you sadly left Lord God's love.


Anhanga

→ Portuguese: Anhangá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ajaŋ.
Cognate with Guaraní Aña.

(Late Tupi, Christianity) Satan; the Devil


Îurupari

Nheengatu: Yuruparí

→ Brazilian Portuguese: Jurupari

Cruſſa chèpopéſecoremé, ouyiemo cruſſaue tooure Ieropary oycoue aermé, naſſequeie chouéne ichouy[…]

1614, Claude d'Abbeville, “tpw”, in Hiſtoire de la Miſsion des Peres Capucins en L’Iſle de Maragnan et terres circonuoiſines [History of the Mission of the Capuchin Fathers in the Island of Maranhão and surrounding lands] (overall work in French), Paris: Imprimerie de François Huby, page 357:

If this cross is in my hands, […] let even the Devil come then, I won't fear him.

(Can we date this quote?), Cristóvão Valente, compiled by Antônio de Araújo, (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon:

(Christianity, Late Tupi) the Devil; Satan


pa'i

Nheengatu: paí

(Christianity, Late Tupi) father (term of adress to a priest)

Xe reroketé pa'i

(Christianity, Late Tupi, by extension) priest, clergyman


tupã

Nheengatu: tupã, tupana

Etymology tree
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tupã
Old Tupi tupã
Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tupã (“thunder”).


abaré

→ Portuguese: abaré, Abaré, Avaré


paîé

head

paîé (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute maîé)

Nheengatu: payé

→ Portuguese: pajé

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *paje.
Cognate with Guaraní paje.


Îesu

Etymology tree
Hebrew ישועbor.
Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs)bor.
Latin Iēsūs
Old Galician-Portuguese Jesu
Portuguese Jesusbor.
Old Tupi Îesu
Borrowed from Portuguese Jesus, from Old Galician-Portuguese Jesu, from Latin Iēsūs, borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), borrowed from Hebrew ישוע.
Compare Guaraní Hesu.


Tupã Tuba

(Christianity, Late Tupi) God the Father


Tupã Ta'yra

M. Cetépe Tupã Tûba, Tupã Täŷra, Tupã Espirito Santo? acẽ iabé?
D. Natecëí: Tupã Täŷra äé, iande iabé, apyâbamo onhemonhanghiré é, cetéramo cöyté, acẽ iabẽ.

1687, João Filipe Bettendorff, Compendio da Doutrina Christãa Na lingua Portugueza, e Brasilica [Compendium of the Christian Doctrine in the Portuguese and Brasílica Language] (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), page 43; republished as José Mariano da Conceição Vellozo, editor, Lisbon: Offic. de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, 1800:

Does God the Son, God the Father, God the Holy Ghost have a body like us? / He has no body: God the Son, however, after making Himself man like us, had, in the end, a body like us.


anhanga ratá

Literally, “devil's fire”. Coined by Jesuits in the 16th century.


anhanga

Nheengatu: anhanga

(Christianity, Late Tupi) devil; demon (evil spirit resident in or working for Hell)


kurusá

Nheengatu: kurusá

Borrowed from Portuguese cruz.
Compare Paraguayan Guaraní kurusu.

O ati'yba ri kurusá osupi.

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, compiled by Eduardo de Almeida Navarro and Helder Perri Ferreira, Poemas: lírica portuguesa e tupi (Poetas do Brasil; 5), 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, published 2004, →ISBN, page 122:


karaibebé

Nheengatu: karaiwewé

[ka.ɾaˌi.β̞ɛˈβ̞ɛ]

Coined by Jesuits in the 16th century, from karaíba (“Christian”) + bebé (“flying”).

Peyôri apiàbetà
Oyepé tiay moêté
Yandé caraîbèbê

(Can we date this quote?), Cristóvão Valente, compiled by Antônio de Araújo, (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 6:

Come, men. We shall honor in unisson our angel.

Pe îabi'õ Pa'i Tupã karaibebé moingóû. A'e pe mopyatã; a'e kó pe sumarã pe 'anga suí i mondóû.

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, Auto de São Lourenço [Play of Saint Lawrence], Niterói, page 50; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

For each one of you, Lord God has charged an angel. He makes you strong; he shoos away your enemies from your souls.


Îandé Îara

Nheengatu: Yané Yara

Nde reriyarabê eimõgetâ igbac-igoâra catûpabê abè: peimonhirom Tupã yande jara y xêbo, eyâ, taxe reraço corî oangaturama recèm xerecè ogeõ agoêra recêbè, yxe ogoerobiararecê, oyoêcê xeyerobiâara recêbê goripâpe, eyâ.

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, “Ordem que ſe guarda no dar da Sancta Vnção” (chapter VII), in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, pages 141v–142:

The bearer of Thy name also prays, the multitude that inhabits the skies too, saying: “make Our Lord God pardon me” and “may He take me with Him today, because of His goodness, because of His belief on me as well as my belief on Him, to His Heaven.”


Anhanga retama

From Anhanga (“Devil”) + retama (“land”), literally “land of the Devil”. Compare Guaraní añaretã.

compound

yanga oso ognanga retam

1586, André Thevet, “Du Goulphre ou Riviere de Ganabara”, in Le grand Insulaire et pilotage d'André THEVET, Angoumoisin, cosmographe du Roy, dans lequel sont contenus plusieurs plants d'isles habitées et deshabitées et description d'icelles, page 253:


tupãrorypaba

From Tupã (“God”) + rorypaba (“place of happiness”).

Arobia ychegnuam pupé catou toupan rorupape ycaraïcatouäe gognugnangaue

I believe deeply in my heart that in paradise those who are truly virtuous gather together.

Emonanamo pemendârirè peteûme pemendàragoêra rerecômemoammo, peîcôcatu, tecó catú repenhãdàpe peicôbo: igbacupe Tupã roripápe, pereõroirè, peçòyanondè.

1618, Antônio de Araújo, “Exortação antes do recebimento & bençoens” (chapter 5), in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica [Catechism in the Brazilian Language], 1 edition, [https://archive.org/details/catecismo-na-lingoa-brasilica-1618/page/n269/mode/1up Livro Setimo da ordem de baptizar, […] ] (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 133v:

Therefore, after your marriage, be careful not to mistreat the one you married. Live well, behaving to embrace virtue, before going to heaven, to paradise, after your deaths.


orypaba

head

orypaba (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute torypaba, R1 rorypaba, R2 sorypaba)

From oryb (“happy”) + -sab (circumstantial suffix) + -a (nominal suffix), literally “place of happiness”.

affix

M. Doimoacijpe amo onheengaîbagoêra, y yaorè?
D. Oimoacî, ye catuâba cotí oicob aè ndeiteè oâpixâra cacàpa cepîca
M. Aèpe yandejâra çupê marã eỹ?
D. Nde maenduar xerecè nde rorîpape nde recô roirè, ey?
M. Mara ey pe yandejàra ynheeng obaixoa?
D. Cori ereicô xe roripape xe pirine, ey.

1618, Antônio de Araújo, “Do que paſsou na Cruz” (chapter 10), in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica [Catechism in the Brazilian Language], 1 edition, [https://archive.org/details/catecismo-na-lingoa-brasilica-1618/page/n137/mode/1up Livro Terceiro do Cathecismo, e summa da Doctrina Christam […] ] (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, pages 62v–63:

M. Did anyone regret their own evil words, after insulting him?
D. The one who was on his right regretted. It is no wonder he rebuked his fellow, making reparations.
M. And to Our Lord, what did he say?
D. He said: "Remember me after you are in paradise".
M. What did Our Lord say in response to his words?
D. He said: "Today you will be in paradise with me".

(Christianity, Late Tupi) paradise (when possessor is God)


'ykaraíba

Calque of Portuguese água benta, from 'y + karaíb + -a.

Anhanga nhegoacẽbâba igcaraiba.

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, chapter VII, in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 142:

The holy water is the reason of Devil's fleeing.


karaíb

form karaíba (noun)
Causative
mongaraíb
-ba'e
i karaiba'e／i karaibyba'e
-sab
-saba
karaipaba
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
xe karaíb (active)
i karaíb (active)
oré karaíb (active)
îandé karaíb (active)
Imperative (active)
Permissive (active)
ta xe karaíb (active)
ta nde karaíb (active)
t'i karaíb (active)
t'oré karaíb (active)
t'îandé karaíb (active)
ta pe karaíb (active)
Negative indicative (active)
na xe karaíbi (active)
na nde karaíbi (active)
n'i karaíbi (active)
n'oré karaíbi (active)
n'îandé karaíbi (active)
na pe karaíbi (active)
Negative imperative (active)
nde karaíb umẽ (active)
pe karaíb umẽ (active)
Negative permissive (active)
ta xe karaíb umẽ (active)
ta nde karaíb umẽ (active)
t'i karaíb umẽ (active)
t'oré karaíb umẽ (active)
t'îandé karaíb umẽ (active)
ta pe karaíb umẽ (active)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe karaíbamo (gerund)
nde karaíbamo (gerund)
o karaíbamo (gerund)
oré karaíbamo (gerund)
îandé karaíbamo (gerund)
pe karaíbamo (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe karaibe'ymamo (gerund)
nde karaibe'ymamo (gerund)
o karaibe'ymamo (gerund)
oré karaibe'ymamo (gerund)
îandé karaibe'ymamo (gerund)
pe karaibe'ymamo (gerund)
Affirmative (infinitive)
karaíba (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
karaibe'yma (infinitive)
same as gerund (infinitive)
xe karaíbi (infinitive)
i karaíbi (infinitive)
oré karaíbi (infinitive)
îandé karaíbi (infinitive)
xe karaibe'ymi (infinitive)
i karaibe'ymi (infinitive)
oré karaibe'ymi (infinitive)
îandé karaibe'ymi (infinitive)

M[estre]. marãgatupeacerecou Tupã oc-îpe oiquiabo?
D[isciple]. Oye î piî igcaraiba pupè.

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, chapter III, in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 24:

Master: How do the people behave entering the church?
Disciple: They sprinkle themselves with holy water.


Tupã sy

Calque of Portuguese Mãe de Deus (“Mother of God”). Compare Guaraní Tupãsy.


mongaraíb

tpw-verb

mongaraíb (first-person singular active indicative aîmongaraíb, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîmongaraíbi, gerund mongaraípa, noun mongaraíba) (transitive)

aîmongaraíb (active first-person indicative singular)
n'aîmongaraíbi (active first-person indicative negative singular)
mongaraípa (gerund)
mongaraíba (noun)
Tupi (Late)
Causative
mongaraibukar
Reflexive
îemongaraíb
-ba'e
oîmongaraiba'e
emi-
emimongaraíba／mimongaraíba
-pyr
-pyra
i mongaraibypyra
-sab
-saba
mongaraipaba
-sar
-sara
mongaraipara
Singular
Singular & Plural
Plural
1ˢᵗ person
2ⁿᵈ person
3ʳᵈ person
1ˢᵗ person exclusive
1ˢᵗ person inclusive
Indicative (active)
aîmongaraíb (active)
ereîmongaraíb (active)
oîmongaraíb (active)
oroîmongaraíb (active)
îaîmongaraíb (active)
peîmongaraíb (active)
Permissive (active)
t'aîmongaraíb (active)
t'ereîmongaraíb (active)
t'oîmongaraíb (active)
t'oroîmongaraíb (active)
t'îaîmongaraíb (active)
ta peîmongaraíb (active)
Imperative (active)
eîmongaraíb (active)
Negative indicative (active)
n'aîmongaraíbi (active)
n'ereîmongaraíbi (active)
n'oîmongaraíbi (active)
n'oroîmongaraíbi (active)
n'îaîmongaraíbi (active)
na peîmongaraíbi (active)
Negative permissive (active)
t'aîmongaraíb umẽ (active)
t'ereîmongaraíb umẽ (active)
t'oîmongaraíb umẽ (active)
t'oroîmongaraíb umẽ (active)
t'îaîmongaraíb umẽ (active)
ta peîmongaraíb umẽ (active)
Negative imperative (active)
eîmongaraíb umẽ (active)
peîmongaraíb umẽ (active)
Affirmative (infinitive)
mongaraíba (infinitive)
Negative (infinitive)
mongaraibe'yma (infinitive)
Affirmative (gerund)
xe mongaraípa (gerund)
nde mongaraípa (gerund)
i mongaraípa (gerund)
oré mongaraípa (gerund)
îandé mongaraípa (gerund)
pe mongaraípa (gerund)
Negative (gerund)
xe mongaraibe'yma (gerund)
nde mongaraibe'yma (gerund)
i mongaraibe'yma (gerund)
oré mongaraibe'yma (gerund)
îandé mongaraibe'yma (gerund)
pe mongaraibe'yma (gerund)
xe mongaraíbi (gerund)
i mongaraíbi (gerund)
oré mongaraíbi (gerund)
îandé mongaraíbi (gerund)
xe mongaraibe'ymi (gerund)
i mongaraibe'ymi (gerund)
oré mongaraibe'ymi (gerund)
îandé mongaraibe'ymi (gerund)

Causative of karaíb, from mo- (causative prefix) + karaíb (“holy”).


oré-ruba

[ɔ.ɾɛˈɾu.βa]

Calque of Portuguese pai-nosso, from oré (“our”) + ruba (“father”). Compare Guaraní Ore Ru.

M. Marã iabêpe iarobia^([sic]) cüácatú Tupã recé, ixupébé iande recotebẽçâba pabẽ recé ıâieruré cüa catúne?
D. Orerûba cüacatuâbo.
M. Aépe Virgem MARIA Senhora nossa, marã iabe iaierurecüacatúne?
D. Ave MARIA, Salve Rainha abe cüâcatûreme: iepi memébe çäânga ixupé cecẽ oierobiá étébo.

1687, João Filipe Bettendorff, “Dialogo II”, in Compendio da Doutrina Christãa Na lingua Portugueza, e Brasilica [Compendium of the Christian Doctrine in the Portuguese and Brasílica Language] (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Do que pertence á Esperança, e Caridade, &c., pages 64–65; republished as José Mariano da Conceição Vellozo, editor, Lisbon: Offic. de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira, 1800:

M. In what way will we know well to trust in God and ask him for all our needs?
D. By knowing the Lord's Prayer well.
M. And as for the Virgin Mary Our Lady, in what way will we know well to ask her?
D. By knowing the Hail Mary and the Salve Regina well, always pronouncing them and trusting in her a lot.

(Christianity, Late Tupi) Lord's Prayer, Our Father (the prayer taught by Jesus Christ to his disciples)


abaeté

Nheengatu: awaeté

→ Brazilian Portuguese: abaetê, Abaeté

(Late Tupi, Christianity) layman (man who is not an ordained cleric)


'anga

Nheengatu: anga

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ʔaŋ (“shadow”).

inh+

yanderubete Ieſu
yande recobe meẽgara
oimõboreauçucatu
yãde amotareimbara
anhãga aiba
morapitiara
yãde anga iucaçara

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, “Cãtiga & el ſin Vẽtura” (chapter XXV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ], page 26, column 1, lines 1-7; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 61:

Our true father Jesus, donor of our souls. Our enemy, the devil's wickedness, the slaughterer, the killer of our souls, has aflicted him so much.

(Late Tupi, Christianity) soul (spirit or essence of a person)


angaîpaba

Nheengatu: angaipawa

Etymology tree
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ʔaŋ
Old Tupi 'anga
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *aiβ
Old Tupi aíb
Proto-Tupian *-ap
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *-aβ?
Old Tupi -a
Old Tupi aíba
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *-aβ
Old Tupi -sab
Old Tupi -a
Old Tupi angaîpaba
From 'anga (“soul”) + aíba (“wickedness”) + -sab (instrumentalizer suffix) + -a. Coined by Jesuits in the 16th century.