paranã

desctree

Old Tupi: paraná, paranã
Nheengatu: paraná, paranã
→ Brazilian Portuguese: paraná
→ Portuguese: Paraná

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *paranã.


îasy

Nheengatu: yasí

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *jat͡sɨ, from Proto-Tupian *watɨ.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní jaxy and Paraguayan Guaraní jasy.

inh+

Marã eteĩ raumope amó Anhangarata pôra recou ycô ârapupe oyepe yaci Tupã ebanoĩ çuí omomborû omoingoberememô[…]

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, “Do primeiro nouiſsimo, que he a morte” (chapter I), in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 156v:

How would an inhabitant of Hell live in this world if God made him live out of there for a month?

(Late Tupi, hapax) month (period into which a year is divided)


somana

Ni ayarôi Ieſu Chriſto tateê teõ çui y yepira puana, Tuba y moingoaba ceô aê y ayarô. Cò ſomana pupè yamoaci, yaçapirô yande jara Ieſu Chriſto a piabamo cecô angaipabepiramo ceõ agoera, tiaça pirobè y ànde angai pabà cecê ceô agoera cuàpa.

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, “Paſsionis Chriſti”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 4:

It doesn't look right to speak up for the death out of Jesus Christ, but it makes sense that his death was the reason his Father made him live. This week we lament and mourn Our Lord Jesus Christ, his death, seen as a man of evil life. Let us also mourn him, acknowledging that his death was because of our sins.


parati

Nheengatu: paratí

→ Brazilian Portuguese: parati

Warhaftige [Hiſtoria und] beſchꝛeibung eyner Landtſchafft der wilden nacketen/grimmigen menſchfreſſer leuthen/in der newenwelt America gelegen

w:True History: An Account of Cannibal Captivity in Brazil

grey mullet Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:


matamatá

Nheengatu: matamatá

→ Brazilian Portuguese: matamatá

(North Tupi, hapax) matamata (Chelus fimbriata)


marakaîá

Nheengatu: marakayá

→ Portuguese: maracajá, ⇒ gato-maracajá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *marakaja.
Cognate with Guaraní mbarakaja.

îagûara

îagûarakangusu, îagûareté, *îagûaruna, îagûarusu

Gabriel Soares de Sousa
w:Gabriel Soares de Sousa

Noticia do Brasil
w:pt:Notícia do Brasil

Historia Naturalis Brasiliae
w:Historia Naturalis Brasiliae

Leopardus wiedii
Leopardus wiedii#Translingual

small spotted cat of the genus Leopardus. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:

Leopardus pardalis
Leopardus pardalis#Translingual

Leopardus tigrinus
Leopardus tigrinus#Translingual


kururu

Nheengatu: kururú

Portuguese: → cururu, ⇒ sapo-cururu

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kururu.
Cognate with Guaraní kururu.

etymon

Rhinella marina
Rhinella marina#Translingual

true toad. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:

Anjo. Baepe que tuj opica? / Andira ruâpee. / Panama, coipo guaiquica? / enero, cururu açica? / eri, carigueya e. / Ejori / baenẽ baepoxi / bora, miaratacaca / ceboi, tamarutaca
ſarau[aya] — Xepoeirai, xeropecij / auye, teume xemombaca.

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, “Na feſta de .ſ. L^(ço) [At the Saint Lawrence Festival]” (chapter XLIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ] [Booklet of various poems], Niterói, page 71, lines 483–493; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 133:

Angel: What is here, lying still? Is it a bat, a butterfly or a short-tailed opossum? Maybe a crippled toad? Ay opossum! Come, you stinky, nasty thing, stingless bee, skunk, worm, mantis shrimp.
Saraûaîa: I'm tired, I'm sleepy. Enough! Don't wake me up!

Gabriel Soares de Sousa (1587) chapter CXV, in Noticia do Brasil (overall work in Portuguese), Salvador; republished as Francisco Adolpho de Varnhagen, editor, Tratado descriptivo do Brazil em 1587, Rio de Janeiro: Laemmert, 1851, page 266: “cururús [kururu]”

Claude d'Abbeville (1614) chapter XLI, in Hiſtoire de la Miſsion des Peres Capucins en L’Iſle de Maragnan et terres circonuoiſines [History of the Mission of the Capuchin Fathers in the Island of Maranhão and surrounding lands] (overall work in French), Paris: Imprimerie de François Huby, page 253v: “Courourou [Kururu]”

anonymous author (1622) “Sapo”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 2, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 113: “Cururu [Kururu]”

Georg Marcgrave, Willem Piso (1648) Historia Naturalis Brasiliae [Brazilian Natural History], Medicina Brasiliensi, book 3, chapter 1 (overall work in Latin), Amsterdam: Elzevir, page 46: “Cururu [Kururu]”


akaîu

Nheengatu: akayú

desctree

→ French: acajou
→ English: cashew, acajou

→ Portuguese: caju, acaju
→ Gujarati: કાજુ (kāju)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: काजू (kājū)
Urdu: کاجُو (kājū)
→ Konkani: काजू (kājū)
→ Marathi: काजू (kājū)
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਜੂ (kājū)
Shahmukhi script: کاجُو (kājū)
→ Spanish: cajú
→ Hunsrik: akaschu

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *akaju.

etymon

Anacardium occidentale
Anacardium occidentale#Translingual

Les singularitez de la France Antarctique

(hapax) cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale)


pirãîagûara

desctree

Nheengatu: pirayawara
→ Brazilian Portuguese: pirajaguara
→ Tucano: piraiauára

According to Navarro, from pirãîa (“piranha”) + gûara (“eater”), although the presence of the medial ⟨a⟩ in the final compound is highly irregular: a proper formation would be *pirãîgûara. One contemporary source actually interprets it as pirá (“fish”) + îagûara (“jaguar”), which could be proven right by Nheengatu having pirayawara, and not *piranhawara.

Amazon river dolphin
Amazon river dolphin

Inia geoffrensis
Inia geoffrensis#Translingual

a freshwater dolphin. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:


tapiti

Nheengatu: tapetí, tapití

→ Portuguese: tapiti, tapeti
→ English: tapeti

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tapiti.
Cognate with Guaraní tapiti.

etymon

(astronomy) Name of a constellation. Further details are uncertain.


îagûara

Nheengatu: yawara

→ Portuguese: jaguara

Derived from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *jawar.
Cognate with Guaraní jagua.

marakaîá

bixana, *îagûatyryka, marakaîaeté, marakaîagûasu, marakaîamimbaba, marakaîamirĩ


Pindobusu

→ Brazilian Portuguese: Pindobuçu

Captaincy of São Vicente
w:Captaincy of São Vicente

Júlio Afrânio Peixoto
w:Júlio Afrânio Peixoto


ye'ẽ

— Marãnamope peîapó aîpó ye'ẽ? — Oroîapó, îagûara xe boîá ra'yra gûarûera mbo'asagûama resé.

— Why are you making that pitfall? — We are making it to catch the jaguar that ate my servant's son.

(hapax) pitfall (trap consisting of a concealed pit in the ground)


tapi'irapé

→ Brazilian Portuguese: Tapirapé

By surface analysis, tapi'ira (“tapir”) + pé (“path”).
Compare Mbyá Guaraní tapi'i rape and Paraguayan Guaraní Mborevi Rape.

surf

(astronomy, hapax) Milky Way (broad band of diffuse white light, visible in the night sky)


gûará

Seta pé-pira ſeuaé
Nan[…]Kurema[…]Parati[…]Acara-pep[…]Acara-ouaſſou[…]Acara-bouten[…]Acara-miri[…]Ouara[…]Kamouroupouy-ouaſſou

1578, Jean de Léry, Histoire d'un voyage fait en la terre du Bresil, autrement dite Amerique [History of a voyage to the land of Brazil, also called America] (overall work in Middle French and Old Tupi), La Rochelle: Antoine Chuppin, pages 348–349:

a fish of the family Cichlidae. Further details are uncertain.


kabará

Capra aegagrus hircus
Capra aegagrus hircus#Translingual


pirauruku

desctree

Nheengatu: pirarukú, piraruku
→ Brazilian Portuguese: pirarucu
→ English: pirarucu
→ Japanese: ピラルクー
→ Paraguayan Guaraní: piraruku
→ Spanish: pirarucú

Etymology tree
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pira
Old Tupi pirá
Proto-Tupian *ɨrʲuku
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *uruku
Old Tupi uruku
Old Tupi pirauruku
From pirá (“fish”) + uruku (“achiote”).

etymon

(North Tupi, hapax) arapaima (Arapaima gigas)


anhangu'i

/ã.ɲã.ŋuˈʔi/


so'ogûasurãîgûera

From so'o (“beast of venery”) + -gûasu (“big”) + rãî (“tooth”) + gûer (“former”) + -a, literally “big beast of venery's former tooth”.

af

(Late Tupi, hapax) ivory (hard white form of dentin which forms the tusks of elephants)


xepoxepy

[ʃɛˌpɔ.ʃɛˈpɨ]

Coined by Portuguese missionary Luís Figueira in the 17th century. Literally, “my hands, my feet”.

coinage

Xepo xepyg[…]

c. 1628, Luís Figueira, “Nomes adjectivos do ſingular, & plurar”, in Arte da lingua Braſilica [Art of the Brasílica Language] (overall work in Portuguese), Lisbon: Manuel da Silva, page 3:


Abaosanga

From abá (“man”) + osang (“patient”) + -a.


Abatiposanga

From abati (“corn”) + posanga (“medicine”).


Ararusuaîa

From arara (“macaw”) + -usu (“big”) + ûaîa (“tail”).


sebo'i

Nheengatu: xibuí

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *t͡seβoʔi (“worm”).
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní evo'i and Paraguayan Guaraní sevo’i.

inh+

The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, Auto de São Lourenço [Play of Saint Lawrence], Niterói, page 44; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

Come, you stinky, nasty thing, stingless bee, skunk, leech/worm, mantis shrimp!


tipoîa

Nheengatu: tipuya

→ Portuguese: tipoia, tipói

Fernão Cardim (p. 1583) “A Treatiſe of Braſil, written by a Portugall which had long lived there”, in Samuel Purchas, transl., Francis Cooke, compiler, Pvrchas his Pilgrimes, part IV, book VII, chapter I § I (overall work in English), London: H. Fetherston, published 1625, page 1291: “Tupiya [Typ[o]îa]”

(hapax) sling; baby sling (loop of cloth, worn around the neck, for supporting a baby)

Hans Staden (1557) chapter II, in Warhaftige [Hiſtoria und] beſchꝛeibung eyner Landtſchafft der wilden nacketen/grimmigen menſchfreſſer leuthen/in der newenwelt America gelegen [True history and description of a land of wild, naked, fierce man-eating people located in the New World of America], volume 2 (overall work in German), Marburg: Andreas Kolbe, unnumbered page: “Typpoy [Tipoî[a]]”

(hapax) a kind of cotton camisole worn by women


mokõî oîoirundyk

Coined by Portuguese-Brazilian missionary Antônio de Araújo in 1618. Literally, “two four”, or more loosely translated as “two times four”.

lit

Mocôy oyòirundìc oito àra cìc-eme, T. taira oci, çuîy àrirê, iudeos ecômonhangàbo yapîra mondòc-i[…]

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, “Ianuarius”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 3:

When the day eight came, after the birth of God the Son from his mother, his foreskin was cut following the Jewish law.


puraké

Nheengatu: puraké

desc

→ Brazilian Portuguese: poraquê, poroquê, puraquê

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *purake.
Compare Paraguayan Guaraní porake.

inh+

Electrophorus electricus
Electrophorus electricus#Translingual

(North Tupi, hapax) electric eel (Electrophorus electricus)


xe pó, xe py, abá pó, i py

[ʃɛˈpɔ ʃɛˈpɨ aˈβa ˈpɔ iˈpɨ]

Coined by Portuguese-Brazilian missionary Antônio de Araújo in 1618. Literally, “my hands, my feet, someone's hands, their feet”.

lit

Xe pô, xepi, abâ pô, y pi, ara o membira ragoera coabirè, S. Maria o membira IeSVS reraçou T. oc-ipe T. tùbape y coabeenga, iudeos recomonhangába rupi.

(Can we date this quote?), Antônio de Araújo, “Februarius”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name) (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon, page 3v:

Forty days after the birth of her son, Saint Mary took her son Jesus to the synagogue to present him to God the Father, following the Jewish law.


taîasu

head

taîasu (unpossessable, female equivalent taîasukunhã)

Nheengatu: tayasú

→ Brazilian Portuguese: taiaçu

→ Translingual: Tayassu, Pecari tajacu

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tajat͡ʃu.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní tajaxu.

inh+

white-lipped peccary
white-lipped peccary

Tayassu pecari
Tayassu pecari#Translingual

(Late Tupi, hapax) white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari)


taîasu

Gabriel Soares de Sousa
w:Gabriel Soares de Sousa

Noticia do Brasil
w:pt:Notícia do Brasil


sûasuapara

Nheengatu: suasú-apara

→ Brazilian Portuguese: suaçuapara

From sûasu (“deer”) + apar (“bent”) + -a.

a species of South American deer with big antlers. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:


Îagûaruna

Ycaõygoaçu pipo / xeramũya jaguaruna? / eneĩ taçobeipo, / eri, auyete paco / ayeguac uinhemouna

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, “Na feſta de .ſ. L^(ço) [At the Saint Lawrence Festival]” (chapter XLIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ] [Booklet of various poems], Niterói, page 142, lines 698–702; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 718:

By the way, does my grandpa Jaguaruna have much cauim? Come on! I'm gonna get drunk! Wait! Actually, I must adorn myself with black paint...


aruanã

Nheengatu: arawanã

→ Brazilian Portuguese: aruanã, aruaná

(North Tupi, hapax) silver arowana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum)


Paranaûasu

Etymology tree
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *paranã
Old Tupi paranã
Old Tupi paraná
Proto-Tupian *-at͡ʃu
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *-wat͡ʃu
Old Tupi -gûasu
Old Tupi Paranaûasu
From paraná (“river”) + -ûasu (“big”).

etymon

(hapax) Amazon (a river in northern South America)


kabatã

Nheengatu: kawantá, kawatã

→ Brazilian Portuguese: cabatã

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani [Term?]. By surface analysis, kaba (“wasp”) + atã (“brave”).
Cognate with Paraguayan Guaraní kavytã.

surf

(hapax) red paper wasp (Polistes canadensis)


muruanha

desc

→ Brazilian Portuguese: beruanha, meruanha, muruanha

Navarro derives it from meru (“fly”) + ãî (“toothed”) + -a, but the E>U change is unexplained. Possibly an alternative form *mberuanha existed, as seen in the Portuguese borrowing beruanha, but wasn't recorded.

(hapax, Late Tupi) stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans)


xe pó, xe py, amõ abá pó, i py

[ʃɛˈpɔ ʃɛˈpɨ ãˈmɔ̃ aˈβa ˈpɔ iˈpɨ]

XE pò, xepi.amoabâ pô, y pi 40.ara yandejara IESV Chriſto recou co àra pupe goecobè yebiriré, oci, obojâeta moapicica: y pàbìrê, ibitira Oliuète ceribae apiraribo^([sic]) oci, obojà reraçou, çobaquê, çuîmbeguè, mbeguè y xou oyeupi o beràporanga reraçôbo-igbacupe

1618, Antônio de Araújo, Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica [Catechism in the Brazilian Language], 1 edition, Catalogo dos dias Santos de guarda, & de jejum (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 4v:

Forty days Our Lord Jesus Christ was in this world after coming back to life, comforting his own mother, his own many disciples. After they ended, on the summit of a mountain called Olivet, he took his own mother, his own disciples. Before them, and departing from them, little by little he ascended, along with his own beautiful radiance going to heaven.


xe pó, xe py, amõ abá pó, i py abé

[ʃɛˈpɔ ʃɛˈpɨ ãˈmɔ̃ aˈβa ˈpɔ iˈpɨ aˈβɛ]

Coined by Brazilian missionary Bartolomeu de Leão in 1686. Literally, “my hands, my feet, someone's hands, their feet as well”.

lit

Xe pò, xe py, amo abá pó, ipy abé, quarenta âra iandé iâra JESUS Chriſto recóu có âra pupé goecobé iebyriré, ocy, oboiá etá möapycyca. Ipabiré ybytyra Olivete ceríbäé apytéribo ocy, oboiá reraçóu; çobaké çüí begué, begué ixóu oieupîbo^([sic]) oberáporânga reraçóbo ybakype.

1686 [1618], Antônio de Araújo, edited by Bartolomeu de Leão, Cateciſmo Braſilico da Doutrina Chriſtãa [Brazilian Catechism of the Christian Doctrine], 2 edition, Catalogo dos dias Santos de guarda, & de jejum (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Miguel Deslandes, page 127:


moting

head

moting (first-person singular active indicative aîmoting, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîmotingi, noun motinga)

aîmoting (active first-person indicative singular)
n'aîmotingi (active first-person indicative negative singular)
motinga (noun)

motinga:

Nheengatu: mutinga

From mo- (causative voice prefix) + ting (“white”).

af

(Late Tupi, hapax) to whitewash; to lime


itamembeka

Nheengatu: itá-membeka


Inĩgûasu

From inĩ (“hammock”) + -gûasu (augmentative suffix), literally “big hammock”.


itaîngapema

a tree whose wood was used to make warclubs. Further details are uncertain.


kuré

Nheengatu: kuri

(hapax) used by swineherds to call their pigs


tamûatá

Nheengatu: tamuatá

desc

→ Brazilian Portuguese: tamuatá, tamboatá, tambuatá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tamoata.

inh+

armored catfish. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:


pindobusu

(hapax) palm tree leaves used as roofing


inaîá

Nheengatu: inayá

desctree

→ Brazilian Portuguese: inajá, anajá, anaiá, najá
→ English: inajá


pitaûã

Nheengatu: pitawã

→ Brazilian Portuguese: pitanguá
→ English: pitangua

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pɨtawari.

etymon

boat-billed flycatcher (Megarynchus pitangua)


seîxuîurá

seî‧xu‧îu‧rá

From seîxu (“Pleiades”) + îurá (“grill”), literally “grill of the Pleiades”.

af

(astronomy) Name of a constellation with nine stars arranged like a grill, which, according to the indigenous people, announced the rain. Further details are uncertain.


sembiararaîybo'ira

From sembiara (“[one's] prey”) + raîyra (“[someone's] daughter”) + po'yra (“necklace”), literally “necklace of one's prey's daughter”.

(astronomy) Name of a constellation which, according to the indigenous people, announced the rain. Further details are uncertain.


Tuîba'e

(astronomy) Name of a constellation with many stars arranged like an old man holding a club. Further details are uncertain.


Ûanhumy

(astronomy) Name of a constellation. Further details are uncertain.


sapaîu

→ Brazilian Portuguese: sapaju

desctree

→ French: sapajou
→ English: sapajou
→ Translingual: Sapajus

sapajou. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:

black-striped capuchin (Sapajus libidinosus)


takûara

Nheengatu: takwara

→ Brazilian Portuguese: taquara

Derived from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *takʷar.

etymon

Historia Naturalis Brasiliae
w:Historia Naturalis Brasiliae

bamboo. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:


kopa'yba

Nheengatu: kupaíwa

desctree

→ Portuguese: copaíba
→ English: copaiba

From Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kopaʔɨβ + Old Tupi -a.

etymon

copaiba tree. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:


agûará

Nheengatu: awará

desc

Brazilian Portuguese: → aguará, ⇒ lobo-guará

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *awara.

inh+

Aîukaukar agûará Pedro supé.

Xe gûatáreme agûará xe repîaki.

Agûaráramo ereîkó.

Chrysocyon brachyurus
Chrysocyon brachyurus#Translingual

(hapax) maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus)


Soûerusu

From soba (“leaf”) + pûera (“old”) + -usu (augmentative suffix), literally “big fallen leaf”.

af

Commons:File:E-rara.ch’s Histoire d’un voyage fait en la terre du Brésil 408.jpg


Murukuîaûasu

From murukuîá (“passion fruit”) + -ûasu (augmentative suffix), literally “big passion fruit”.


Marakaûasu

From maraká (“rattle, maraca”) + -ûasu (augmentative suffix), literally “big rattle, maraca”.


ikombó

Commons:File:E-rara.ch’s Histoire d’un voyage fait en la terre du Brésil 399.jpg


kuriboka

desctree

→ Brazilian Portuguese: caboclo, caboco
→ English: caboclo
→ Hunsrik: Kabock

(Late Tupi, hapax) person of mixed Indigenous Brazilian and African descent


amyîu

Nheengatu: abiú
→ Brazilian Portuguese: abiu, abio
→ English: abiu
→ Hunsrik: Abiu

(North Tupi, hapax) abiu (Pouteria caimito)


maxaru

Borrowed from Portuguese machado (“axe”).


amoré

Nheengatu: amuré

desc

Brazilian Portuguese: amoré, amboré, aimoré, amoreia, moré, moreia, muré

goby. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:


karakará

Nheengatu: karakará

Brazilian Portuguese: carcará, caracará

southern crested caracara
southern crested caracara

Caracara plancus
Caracara plancus#Translingual

caracara. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:

southern crested caracara (Caracara plancus)

Caracara cheriway
Caracara cheriway#Translingual

northern crested caracara (Caracara cheriway)

Gabriel Soares de Sousa (1587) chapter LXXXV, in Noticia do Brasil (overall work in Portuguese), Salvador; republished as Francisco Adolpho de Varnhagen, editor, Tratado descriptivo do Brazil em 1587, Rio de Janeiro: Laemmert, 1851, page 232: “Carácará [Karakará]”

Milvago chimachima
Milvago chimachima#Translingual

Claude d'Abbeville (1614) chapter XXXIX, in Hiſtoire de la Miſsion des Peres Capucins en L’Iſle de Maragnan et terres circonuoiſines [History of the Mission of the Capuchin Fathers in the Island of Maranhão and surrounding lands] (overall work in French), Paris: Imprimerie de François Huby, page 233: “Karakara [Karakará]”

Ambrósio Fernandes Brandão (1618) “Dialogo quinto”, in Diálogos das Grandezas do Brasil [Dialogues of Brazil's Greatnesses]; republished as João Capistrano de Abreu, Rodolpho Garcia, compilers, Rio de Janeiro: Officina Industrial Graphica, 1930, page 223: “guará-guará [gûaragûará]”

anonymous author (1622) “Francelho”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 143: “Carâcarâ [Karakará]”


îabutikaba

desctree

→ Portuguese: jabuticaba, jaboticaba
→ English: jaboticaba
→ Hunsrik: Schabutikaab
→ Spanish: jabuticaba

Navarro derives it from îaboti (“tortoise”) + kaba (“fat”), although the /o/ > /u/ change and the relation to the animal aren't very clear.

(hapax) jaboticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora)


kaninana

Nheengatu: kaninana

→ Portuguese: caninana

Gabriel Soares de Sousa (1587) chapter CXIII, in Noticia do Brasil (overall work in Portuguese), Salvador; republished as Francisco Adolpho de Varnhagen, editor, Tratado descriptivo do Brazil em 1587, Rio de Janeiro: Laemmert, 1851, page 264: “Caninam”

a black and yellow colubrid. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:

tropical chicken snake (Spilotes pullatus)

Fernão Cardim (p. 1583) “A Treatiſe of Braſil, written by a Portugall which had long lived there”, in Samuel Purchas, transl., Francis Cooke, compiler, Pvrchas his Pilgrimes, part IV, book VII, chapter I § 4 (overall work in English), London: H. Fetherston, published 1625, page 1303: “Caninana”

anonymous author (1622) “cobra”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 76: “Caninana”

a green colubrid. Further details are uncertain.


gûakary

Nheengatu: wakarí

desc

→ Brazilian Portuguese: acari, cari, guacari, uacari

armored catfish. Further details are uncertain.


akaka'i

desctree

Nheengatu: wakarí, akarí (obsolete)
→ Brazilian Portuguese: uacari
→ English: uakari

(hapax) howler monkey. Further details are uncertain.


sokó

Nheengatu: sukú

→ Brazilian Portuguese: socó

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *soko.

etymon

Xe giboya, xe coço / xe tamuyuçu Aimbire / Çucuriju, taguato / tamandoa atirabebo / xe anhanga morope.

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, “Na feſta de .ſ. L^(ço) [At the Saint Lawrence Festival]” (chapter XLIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ] [Booklet of various poems], Niterói, page 66v; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 124:

I'm a boa, a heron, I'm the great tamoio Aîmbiré. A anaconda, a goshawk, a shaggy anteater, I'm a people-burning devil.

heron. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:

Tigrisoma lineatum
Tigrisoma lineatum#Translingual

rufescent tiger heron (Tigrisoma lineatum)


nhamandakaru

Nheengatu: mandakarú

desctree

→ Brazilian Portuguese: mandacaru, jamacaru, mandacarú (misspelling)
→ English: mandacaru
→ Spanish: mandacaru

cactus. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:


îuá

→ Portuguese: juá

a solanum similar to the jurubeba. Further details are uncertain.


pirasema

Nheengatu: pirasema

→ Brazilian Portuguese: piracema

(hapax) the period of the year when fish migrate upriver to reproduce


Kûarasyîuba

From kûarasy (“Sun”) + îub (“yellow”) + -a (nominal suffix), literally “yellow Sun”.


ybytugûasu

Nheengatu: iwituwasú

From ybytu (“wind”) + -gûasu (augmentative suffix), literally “big wind”.


'ykaraiburu

From 'ykaraíba (“holy water”) + uru (“vessel, container”).

(Christianity, hapax, Late Tupi) stoup (holy water font)


gûyrasapukaîusu

From gûyrasapukaîa (“rooster”) + -usu (augmentative suffix), literally “big rooster”.

(Late Tupi, hapax) turkey (any bird in the genus Meleagris)