tatu

desctree

→ French: tatou, tattou (obsolete)
→ Breton: tatou
→ English: tatou
→ Hungarian: tatu
→ Romanian: tatu

→ Portuguese: tatu

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tatu, from Proto-Tupian *jat͡sju.
Cognate with Guaraní tatu and Sateré-Mawé sahu.


paka

Nheengatu: paka

→ Portuguese: paca
→ English: paca
→ Galician: paca

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pak.
Cognate with Guaraní paka.

Paka onhan.
The paca ran.

Pacarupiara[…]

1622, anonymous author, Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 2 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 73; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:

Cuniculus paca
Cuniculus paca#Translingual


irara

Nheengatu: irara

→ Portuguese: irara


akuti

Nheengatu: akutí

→ French: agouti, acouchi

→? Dutch: agoeti
Afrikaans: agoeti
→ Sranan Tongo: aguti

→ English: agouti, acouchi, acouchy

→ Italian: aguti

→? Russian: агути (aguti)

desc

→ Portuguese: cutia (with regular loss of word-initial /a/), aguti, aguchi, acouti, acuti


marakaîá

Nheengatu: marakayá

→ Portuguese: maracajá, ⇒ gato-maracajá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *marakaja.
Cognate with Guaraní mbarakaja.

îagûara

îagûarakangusu, îagûareté, *îagûaruna, îagûarusu

Gabriel Soares de Sousa
w:Gabriel Soares de Sousa

Noticia do Brasil
w:pt:Notícia do Brasil

Historia Naturalis Brasiliae
w:Historia Naturalis Brasiliae

Leopardus wiedii
Leopardus wiedii#Translingual

small spotted cat of the genus Leopardus. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:

Leopardus pardalis
Leopardus pardalis#Translingual

Leopardus tigrinus
Leopardus tigrinus#Translingual


tapiti

Nheengatu: tapetí, tapiti

→ Portuguese: tapiti
→ English: tapeti

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tapiti.
Cognate with Guaraní tapiti.


tamandûá

Nheengatu: tamanduá

→ Portuguese: tamanduá

Akó xe îubykarûera, tataûrana, tamandûá, xe îubyk benhẽ potá!!

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, Auto de São Lourenço [Play of Saint Lawrence], Niterói, page 62; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

That is the one who strangled me, a stinging caterpillar, an anteater, wanting to strangle me again!

Myrmecophaga tridactyla
Myrmecophaga tridactyla#Translingual

(strictly) giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)


îagûara

Nheengatu: yawara

→ Portuguese: jaguara

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *jawar.
Cognate with Guaraní jagua.

marakaîá

bixana, *îagûatyryka, marakaîaeté, marakaîagûasu, marakaîamimbaba, marakaîamirĩ

Jau ware ſche[…]

1557, Hans Staden, quoting Cunhambebe, chapter 44, in Warhaftige [Hiſtoria und] beſchꝛeibung eyner Landtſchafft der wilden nacketen/grimmigen menſchfreſſer leuthen/in der newenwelt America gelegen [True history and description of a land of wild, naked, fierce man-eating people located in the New World of America] (overall work in German), Marburg: Andreas Kolbe, unnumbered page:

Ajucancar iaguara Pedro çupe[…]

c. 1628, Luís Figueira, “De algũas dições, que ſos per ſi não ſignificão; mas juntas a outras parstes da oração, lhe dão ſentido differente”, in Arte da lingua Braſilica [Art of the Brasílica Language] (overall work in Portuguese), Lisbon: Manuel da Silva, page 79v:

Panthera onca
Panthera onca#Translingual

Canis familiaris
Canis familiaris#Translingual

îagûapopeba

river otter (literally, “flat-footed canivoran”)


sagûi

Nheengatu: sawĩ

→ Portuguese: sagui

Callithrix jacchus
Callithrix jacchus#Translingual

(North Tupi) common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)


eîrara

→ Portuguese: papa-mel (calque)

>? English: tayra

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *eirar／*eirjar. By surface analysis, eíra (“honey”) + ar (“to drink”) + -a, literally “honey drinker”.
Cognate with Guarayu eirar and Guaraní eira.


tapi'ira

Nheengatu: tapiira

→ Portuguese: Tapira, tapira, tapiira

desctree

→? French: tapir
→ English: tapir
→ German: Tapir
→ Ottoman Turkish: طاپر
Turkish: tapir
→ Polish: tapir
→ Kashubian: tapir
→? Portuguese: tapir
→? Spanish: tapir
→ Catalan: tapir
→ Dutch: tapir
→ Tagalog: tapir
→ Swedish: tapir

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tapiʔir.
Cognate with Guajajára tapi'ir and Mbyá Guaraní tapi'i.

inh+

[…]xéreimbâba tapiîra

1555, Joseph of Anchieta, chapter V, in Arte de grammatica da lingoa mais vſada na coſta do Braſil (overall work in Portuguese), Coimbra: Antonio de Mariz, published 1595, page 14v:

Le langaige du breſiL
w:Le langaige du Bresil

Les singularitez de la France Antarctique

tapi'ikaba

Tapijra oço ogoapixara pyri[…]

c. 1628, Luís Figueira, “Da Prepoſição 5. parte da oração”, in Arte da lingua Braſilica [Art of the Brasílica Language] (overall work in Portuguese), Lisbon: Manuel da Silva, page 68:


kapi'iûara

Nheengatu: kapiwara

→ Portuguese: capivara

→ English: capybara

→ Spanish: capibara

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kapiʔiβar. By surface analysis, kapi'i (“grass”) + gûara (“eater”).
Cognate with Guaraní kapi'yva.

surf

Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris
Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris#Translingual


andyrá

Nheengatu: andirá

→ Brazilian Portuguese: andirá

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *anɨra.

inh+

Anjo. Baepe que tuj opica?
Andira ruâpee.
Panama, coipo guaiquica?
enero, cururu açica?
eri, carigueya e.
Ejori
baenẽ baepoxi
bora, miaratacaca
ceboi, tamarutaca
ſarau[aya] — Xepoeirai, xeropecij
auye, teume xemombaca.

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, “Na feſta de .ſ. L^(ço)” (chapter XLIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ], Niterói, page 71, lines 483–493; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 133:

Angel: What is here, lying still? Is it a bat, a butterfly or a short-tailed opossum? Maybe a crippled frog? Ay opossum! Come, you stinky, nasty thing, stingless bee, skunk, worm, mantis shrimp.
Saraûaîa: I'm tired, I'm sleepy. Enough! Don't wake me up!

bat (any flying mammal of the order Chiroptera)


a'y

Nheengatu: aí

desctree

→ Brazilian Portuguese: aí, aígue
→ English: ai

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *aʔi, from Proto-Tupian *aʔi.
Cognate with Paraguayan Guaraní a'i.

Coordinate term: una'u

brown-throated sloth (Bradypus variegatus)


gûasunĩ

Nheengatu: waxinĩ

→ Portuguese: guaxinim

Procyon cancrivorus
Procyon cancrivorus#Translingual

crab-eating raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus)


kûatimundé

Nheengatu: kwatí-mundé

→ Portuguese: quatimundéu

→ English: coatimundi

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kʷatimone. By surface analysis, kûati (“coati”) + mundé (“deadfall trap”). Coati bands are composed of only females and young males. When these age, they are driven away from the group and become solitary, being easily caught in traps.
Cognate with Paraguayan Guaraní kuati monde.


kûati

Nheengatu: kwatí

→ Portuguese: quati

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kʷati.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní kuaxi and Paraguayan Guaraní kuati.


îagûasinĩ

→ Portuguese: jaguacinim

îa‧gûa‧si‧nĩ


gûariba

Nheengatu: wariwa

desctree

→ Portuguese: guariba
→ English: guariba
→ French: ouarine
→ English: ouarine
→ English: warine

[ɡʷaˈɾi.β̞a]

From Proto-Tupi-Guarani *wariβ.
Cognate with Guaraní guaryva.

howler monkey (any monkey in the genus Alouatta)


kabaru

Nheengatu: kawarú

Borrowed from Portuguese cavalo, from Old Galician-Portuguese cavalo, from Latin caballus.

etymon

Cabarû repanacû.

1622, anonymous author, “Sella do caualo”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume II (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 115; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:

Cabarú çoce.

c. 1628, Luís Figueira, “Da Prepoſição 5. parte da oração”, in Arte da lingua Braſilica [Art of the Brasílica Language] (overall work in Portuguese), Lisbon: Manuel da Silva, page 66:

Equus ferus caballus
Equus ferus caballus#Translingual


kabará

Capra aegagrus hircus
Capra aegagrus hircus#Translingual


îagûareté

Nheengatu: yawareté

→ Portuguese: jaguaretê

îa‧gûa‧re‧té

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *jawarete. By surface analysis, îagûara + eté.
Coagnate with Paraguayan Guaraní jaguarete and Urubú-Kaapor jawarete.

inh+

Xe iaguarete iporu

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, Auto de São Lourenço [Play of Saint Lawrence], Niterói, page 66; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:


sygûasumẽ

Nheengatu: suasumé

Coined by Spanish Jesuit missionary Joseph of Anchieta, from sygûasu (“deer”) + mẽ (“baa, cry of a goat”).

af

[…]sygûasumé rerekoara oîosupotá o îara[…]

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, “Polo moleiro”, in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, Helder Perri Ferreira, compilers, Poemas: lírica portuguesa e tupi (Poetas do Brasil; 5), 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, published 2004, →ISBN, page 164:


sûasu

Nheengatu: suasú

→ Brazilian Portuguese: suaçu

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *t͡ʃɨ-wat͡ʃu, from Proto-Tupian *ɨt͡ʃɨ.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní guaxu and Guaraní guasu.

inh+

deer (any animal of the Cervidae family)


taîyby

head

taîyby (unpossessable, female equivalent sarigûeîa)


kûandu

→ Portuguese: cuandu

→ New Latin: coendou

→ English: coendou


apere'a

→ Portuguese: preá


agûaragûasu

→ Portuguese: aguaraçu

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *awarawat͡su. By surface analysis, agûará + -gûasu (augmentative suffix).
Cognate with Paraguayan Guaraní aguara guasu, aguarasu.

surf

Chrysocyon brachyurus
Chrysocyon brachyurus#Translingual


tatuûasu

Nheengatu: tatuwasú

→ Portuguese: tatu-açu

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tatuwat͡su. By surface analysis, tatu (“armadillo”) + -ûasu (“big”).
Cognate with Guaraní tatu guasu.


aîká

dolphin (carnivorous aquatic mammal in one of several families of order Cetacea)


tatupeba

→ Portuguese: tatupeba

From tatu (“armadillo”) + peb (“flat”) + -a.

six-banded armadillo (Euphractus sexcinctus)


tatueté

Nheengatu: tatueté

desc

Brazilian Portuguese: → tatuetê, → tatu-verdadeiro (calque)

nine-banded armadillo
nine-banded armadillo

Dasypus novemcinctus
Dasypus novemcinctus#Translingual

nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus)


tatu'i

Nheengatu: tatuí

→ Brazilian Portuguese: tatuí

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tatuʔi. By surface analysis, tatu (“armadillo”) + -'i (dimminutive suffix).
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní tatu'i

surf

Dasypus septemcinctus
Dasypus septemcinctus#Translingual

seven-banded armadillo (Dasypus septemcinctus)


tatugûaxima

→ Brazilian Portuguese: tatuxima

greater naked-tailed armadillo (Cabassous tatouay)


tatuapara

Nheengatu: tatú-apara

→ Brazilian Portuguese: tatuapara

From tatu (“armadillo”) + apar (“curved”) + -a.

af

Brazilian three-banded armadillo (Tolypeutes trincinctus)


taîasu

head

taîasu (unpossessable, female equivalent taîasukunhã)

Nheengatu: tayasú

→ Brazilian Portuguese: taiaçu

desc

→ Translingual: Tayassu, Pecari tajacu (learned)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tajat͡ʃu.
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní tajaxu.

inh+

Warhaftige [Hiſtoria und] beſchꝛeibung eyner Landtſchafft der wilden nacketen/grimmigen menſchfreſſer leuthen/in der newenwelt America gelegen

w:True History: An Account of Cannibal Captivity in Brazil

Gabriel Soares de Sousa
w:Gabriel Soares de Sousa

Noticia do Brasil
w:pt:Notícia do Brasil

white-lipped peccary
white-lipped peccary

Tayassu pecari
Tayassu pecari#Translingual

Historia Naturalis Brasiliae
w:Historia Naturalis Brasiliae

(Late Tupi, hapax) white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari)

16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, compiled by Eduardo de Almeida Navarro and Helder Perri Ferreira, Poemas: lírica portuguesa e tupi (Poetas do Brasil; 5), 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, published 2004, →ISBN, page 152:

But you, chickens and pigs are plentiful.

Tajaçu remiuru.

1622, anonymous author, Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 1 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 76; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:

(Late Tupi) domestic pig (Sus scrofa domestica)


taîasu

The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:


sûasuapara

Nheengatu: suasú-apara

→ Brazilian Portuguese: suaçuapara

From sûasu (“deer”) + apar (“bent”) + -a.

a species of South American deer with big antlers. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:


sûasuarana

Nheengatu: suasuarana

desc

→ Brazilian Portuguese: suaçurana, Suassurana

Puma concolor
Puma concolor#Translingual


sûasupytanga

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani [Term?]. By surface analysis, sûasu (“deer”) + pytang (“reddish”) + -a.
Cognate with Guaraní guasu pytã.


sûasutinga

Nheengatu: suasú-tinga

→ Brazilian Portuguese: suaçutinga

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani [Term?]. By surface analysis, sûasu (“deer”) + ting (“white”) + -a.
Cognate with Guaraní guasu tĩ.


îagûapopeba

From îagûara (“carnivoran”) + pó (“hand”) + peb (“flat”) + -a.
Possibly cognate with Guaraní jagua pe.


miaratakaka

desc

→ Brazilian Portuguese: jaritataca, maritacaca

c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, Auto de São Lourenço [Play of Saint Lawrence], Niterói, page 44; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

Come, you stinky, nasty thing, stingless bee, skunk, leech, mantis shrimp!

striped hog-nosed skunk (Conepatus semistriatus)


sarigûeîa

head

sarigûeîa (unpossessable, male equivalent taîyby)

Nheengatu: sariwé

→ Brazilian Portuguese: saruê

Meronym: ambeaîó (“marsupium”)

Angel: What is here, lying still? Is it a bat, a butterfly or a short-tailed opossum? Maybe a crippled toad? Ay opossum! Come, you stinky, nasty thing, stingless bee, skunk, worm, mantis shrimp.
Saraûaîa: I'm tired, I'm sleepy. Enough! Don't wake me up!

female large American opossum (any mammal in the genus Didelphis)


îagûaruna

Nheengatu: yawaruna

→ Brazilian Portuguese: Jaguaruna

From îagûara (“jaguar”) + un (“black”) + -a.

Panthera onca
Panthera onca#Translingual

black panther (melanistic colour variant of the jaguar (Panthera onca))


îupará

Nheengatu: yupará

→ Brazilian Portuguese: jupará


pirapu'ã

Cognate with Guaraní pirapuã. By surface analysis, pirá (“fish”) + pu'am (“standing”).

surf

whale (any large marine mammal in infraorder Cetacea)


mbyryki

desctree

→ Portuguese: muriqui
→ English: muriqui

muriqui (any monkey of the genus Brachyteles)


marakaîagûasu

Nheengatu: marakayawasú

→ Brazilian Portuguese: maracajá-açu

From marakaîá (“wild cat”) + -gûasu (augmentative suffix).

af

Leopardus pardalis
Leopardus pardalis#Translingual


bixana

head

bixana (?, female equivalent bixanakunhã)

desc

from alternative form <i class="Latn mention" lang="tpw">pixana</i>

Nheengatu: pixana (from alternative form pixana)


arerãîa

→ Brazilian Portuguese: ariranha

Pteronura brasiliensis
Pteronura brasiliensis#Translingual


kuré

Nheengatu: kuri

(hapax) used by swineherds to call their pigs


sapaîu

→ Brazilian Portuguese: sapaju

→ French: sapajou

sapajou. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include: