See bać in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bojaźliwie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bojaźliwy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bojeźliwość"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bać",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bać, boić (Chełmno-Dobrzyń)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bać, boić (Chełmno-Dobrzyń)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bŏć"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bŏć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bŏć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bojàti",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bojàti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bojàti"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bojàti",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "second half of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "the second half of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "second half of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the second half of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bojàti First attested in the second half of the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bojeć",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "bać impf",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bojaźny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bojaźność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bojaźń"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Borderlands Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 22 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 22 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1880-1894 [Middle of the 15th century], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, Lviv, page 99:",
"text": "Abyscze sze nye bogely ne timveritis (timorem... eorum ne timueritis I Pet 3, 14)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 26, 5:",
"text": "Acz vstawø przeciwo mne grodi, ne bødze se bacz serce moie (non timebit cor meum)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 9, 5:",
"text": "I wpuscil w usta moia pene nowe, pastnkø bogu naszemu. Vzrzø mnodzi y bødø se bacz y bødø pwacz w gospodna (et timebunt et sperabunt in domino)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1928 [End of the fifteenth century], Jan Janów, editor, Zespół ewangelijny Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamoyskich nr 1116, Warsaw, page 292:",
"text": "Szvyathloscz bosza ogarnąla ony i baly szyą boyasznyą vyelyką (timuerunt timore magno Luc 2, 9)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie, Krakow, page 11 b:",
"text": "On gego [g]grosz ne bal szø gest byl",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1922 [End of the 14th century], Jan Łoś, editor, Początki piśmiennictwa polskiego. (Przegląd zabytków językowych), page 232:",
"text": "[…] gesc wam boyøcym sye boga wsznydze",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 64, 8:",
"text": "Zamøczø se pogani y bacz se bødø, gisz przebiwaiø na conczoch, od znamon twogich (turbabuntur gentes et timebunt, qui habitant terminos, a signis tuis)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 42:",
"text": "Czvdzego drapycz szą nye boyą (aliena rapere non formidant)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, page 235:",
"text": "Boymisch syą, bichom pichą krolewstwa nyebyeskyego nye straczily",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be afraid, to fear"
],
"id": "en-bać-zlw-opl-verb-QMYYB43l",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gen<of what>",
"3": "inf<to do what>"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive ‘of what’; or with infinitive ‘to do what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"genitive",
"‘of",
"what’;",
"with",
"infinitive",
"‘to",
"do",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Old_Polish"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Southern Borderlands; Lesser Poland; attested in Southern Borderlands; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, attested in Southern Borderlands, Lesser Poland, Masovia) to be afraid, to fear [with genitive ‘of what’; or with infinitive ‘to do what’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lękać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 27 22 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 22 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, page 248:",
"text": "Czlowyek, czsso nawyączey myluge, o tho syą bogi nawyączey y ląka",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be afraid for; to worry, to fret"
],
"id": "en-bać-zlw-opl-verb-c2gvtcA5",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":o(acc)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Old_Polish"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid"
],
[
"worry",
"worry"
],
[
"fret",
"fret"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to be afraid for; to worry, to fret [with o (+ accusative) ‘for what’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lękać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/baːt͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɒt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "bać"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish imperfective verbs",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Fear",
"zlw-opl:Fear"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bojaźliwie"
},
{
"word": "bojaźliwy"
},
{
"word": "bojeźliwość"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bać",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bać, boić (Chełmno-Dobrzyń)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bać, boić (Chełmno-Dobrzyń)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bŏć"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bŏć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bŏć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bojàti",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bojàti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bojàti"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bojàti",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "second half of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "the second half of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "second half of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the second half of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bojàti First attested in the second half of the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bojeć",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "bać impf",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "bojaźny"
},
{
"word": "bojaźność"
},
{
"word": "bojaźń"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish reflexive verbs",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Southern Borderlands Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1880-1894 [Middle of the 15th century], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, Lviv, page 99:",
"text": "Abyscze sze nye bogely ne timveritis (timorem... eorum ne timueritis I Pet 3, 14)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 26, 5:",
"text": "Acz vstawø przeciwo mne grodi, ne bødze se bacz serce moie (non timebit cor meum)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 9, 5:",
"text": "I wpuscil w usta moia pene nowe, pastnkø bogu naszemu. Vzrzø mnodzi y bødø se bacz y bødø pwacz w gospodna (et timebunt et sperabunt in domino)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1928 [End of the fifteenth century], Jan Janów, editor, Zespół ewangelijny Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamoyskich nr 1116, Warsaw, page 292:",
"text": "Szvyathloscz bosza ogarnąla ony i baly szyą boyasznyą vyelyką (timuerunt timore magno Luc 2, 9)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie, Krakow, page 11 b:",
"text": "On gego [g]grosz ne bal szø gest byl",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1922 [End of the 14th century], Jan Łoś, editor, Początki piśmiennictwa polskiego. (Przegląd zabytków językowych), page 232:",
"text": "[…] gesc wam boyøcym sye boga wsznydze",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 64, 8:",
"text": "Zamøczø se pogani y bacz se bødø, gisz przebiwaiø na conczoch, od znamon twogich (turbabuntur gentes et timebunt, qui habitant terminos, a signis tuis)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 42:",
"text": "Czvdzego drapycz szą nye boyą (aliena rapere non formidant)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, page 235:",
"text": "Boymisch syą, bichom pichą krolewstwa nyebyeskyego nye straczily",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be afraid, to fear"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gen<of what>",
"3": "inf<to do what>"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive ‘of what’; or with infinitive ‘to do what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"genitive",
"‘of",
"what’;",
"with",
"infinitive",
"‘to",
"do",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Old_Polish"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Southern Borderlands; Lesser Poland; attested in Southern Borderlands; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, attested in Southern Borderlands, Lesser Poland, Masovia) to be afraid, to fear [with genitive ‘of what’; or with infinitive ‘to do what’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lękać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish reflexive verbs",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, page 248:",
"text": "Czlowyek, czsso nawyączey myluge, o tho syą bogi nawyączey y ląka",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be afraid for; to worry, to fret"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":o(acc)<for what>"
},
"expansion": "[with o (+ accusative) ‘for what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"o",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘for",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Old_Polish"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid"
],
[
"worry",
"worry"
],
[
"fret",
"fret"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to be afraid for; to worry, to fret [with o (+ accusative) ‘for what’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lękać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/baːt͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɒt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "bać"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bać meaning in Old Polish (7.6kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: reflexive with się, attested in Southern Borderlands, Lesser Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"bać"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bać",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: reflexive with się, attested in Southern Borderlands, Lesser Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"bać"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bać",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.