amar

Occitan: aimar

Ma dona m’assai’ e·m prueva, / Quossi de qual guiza l’am [...].

My lady tries to tempt me to find out how much I love her.


far

Occitan: far, fer, faire

Dieus que fetz tot qunt ve ni vai / E formet sest'amor de lonh / Mi don poder [...].

God, who makes everything that comes or goes and who created this distant love, give me power.


saber

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *sapēre, from Latin sapĕre (“taste, know”).


cantar

Occitan: cantar, chantar


dormir

Occitan: dormir

Auvergnat: dromir

Gascon: dromir, dròmer

Limousin: durmir

Vivaro-Alpine: durmir

Inherited from Latin dormīre. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French dormir.


dir

Occitan: dire, díder, díser

From a contraction of Latin dīcō, dīcere.


traire

Occitan: traire

From Early Medieval Latin tragō, from Classical Latin trahō (“I pull”).


aver

Occitan: aver

From Latin habēre (“to have, hold, keep”). Cognate with Old French avoir, aver, aveir, avoyr, Old Sardinian avere, and Old Spanish aver.

Jes gran saber
no potz aver,
si fors non eis de ta reion.


mentir

Occitan: mentir


mandar

Occitan: mandar

From Latin mandāre, present active indicative of mandō (“order, commission”). Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French mander.


dire

Occitan: dire


sui

first-person singular present indicative of esser


vendre

Occitan: vendre


prendre

Occitan: prendre

From Latin prēndere, variant of prehendere. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French prendre.

penre (alternative)
perne (alternative)
prener (alternative)
prenze (alternative)


dezirar

Occitan: desirar

desc

→ Italian: desirare, disirare, desiare (archaic)


donar

Occitan: donar


venir

Occitan: venir


doler

Occitan: dòler

From Latin dolēre. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French doloir.


tenir

Occitan: téner, tendre, ténguer, tenir, tiéner

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin tenīre, from Classical Latin tenēre.


servir

Occitan: servir


rire

Occitan: rire

From Late Latin rīdere, from Latin rīdēre.


demostrar

Occitan: demostrar


morir

Occitan: morir

Inherited from Latin morīrī, variant of morī.


poder

Occitan: poder

From Vulgar Latin potēre, regularization of Latin posse.


voler

Occitan: voler

From Vulgar Latin volēre, regularized from Latin velle.

Mas so qu'ieu vuelh m'es atahis [...].


mostrar

Occitan: mostrar


asegurar

Occitan: assegurar

From Vulgar Latin *assēcūrare, from Latin sēcūrus (“safe”).


salvar

Catalan: salvar

From Late Latin salvāre (“to save”), from Latin salvus.


demandar

Occitan: demandar


pesar

Occitan: pesar

(transitive) to weigh (measure the weight of)

(intransitive) to weigh (have a certain weight)


perdre

Occitan: pèrdre, pèrder


cuidar

Occitan: coidar


mover

Occitan: mòure, mòver, mòguer

From Vulgar Latin *movĕre, from Latin movēre (“to move”).


esser

esser (infinitive)
essen (participle present)
estat (participle past)
soi (indicative present singular)
est (indicative present singular)
es (indicative present singular)
em (indicative plural present)
esmes (indicative plural present)
etz (indicative plural present second-person)
es (indicative plural present second-person)
son (indicative plural present)
sunt (indicative plural present)
era (imperfect indicative singular)
eras (imperfect indicative singular)
eram (imperfect indicative plural)
eratz (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
eran (imperfect indicative plural)
eron (imperfect indicative plural)
serai (future indicative singular)
seras (future indicative singular)
sera (future indicative singular)
serem (future indicative plural)
seretz (future indicative plural second-person)
seran (future indicative plural)
fui (indicative preterite singular)
fust (indicative preterite singular)
fon (indicative preterite singular)
fom (indicative plural preterite)
fotz (indicative plural preterite second-person)
foron (indicative plural preterite)
seria (indicative singular)
serias (indicative singular)
seriam (indicative plural)
seriatz (indicative plural second-person)
serian (indicative plural)
fora (indicative singular)
foras (indicative singular)
foram (indicative plural)
foratz (indicative plural second-person)
foran (indicative plural)
sia (present singular subjunctive)
sias (present singular subjunctive)
siam (plural present subjunctive)
siatz (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sian (plural present subjunctive)
sion (plural present subjunctive)
fos (past singular subjunctive)
fosses (past singular subjunctive)
fossem (past plural subjunctive)
fossetz (past plural second-person subjunctive)
fosson (past plural subjunctive)
sia (imperative singular)
siam (imperative plural)
siatz (imperative plural second-person)

Occitan: èsser

Que crestian devon esser


punir

Occitan: punir

From Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.


cridar

Occitan: cridar


doblar

From Late Latin duplāre, from Latin duplus.

(transitive) to double (make twice as much or twice as large)

(intransitive) to double (become twice as much or twice as large)


enojar

desc

Occitan: anujar, anutjar (Languedoc), einujar, einuiar (Limousin), enujar, enuiar (Provençal), enuiar (Vivaro-Alpine)

desctree

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: anojar, enojar
Galician: anoxar
Portuguese: anojar, enjoar

→ Old Spanish: enojar
Spanish: enojar

enujar (alternative)
enuejar (alternative)


rayar

From Latin radiāre. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French raier.

(usually of the Sun) to shine; to emit light


tornar

Catalan: tornar

(transitive) to turn (to rotate or reorient)

(intransitive) to turn into [with en ‘something’]


tondre

Occitan: tondre, tónder

From Vulgar Latin *tondĕre, variant of Latin tondēre.


mou

third-person singular present indicative of mover


manjar

Occitan: manjar

From Vulgar Latin mandicāre, from Latin manducāre.

manchar (alternative)
mangar (alternative)
manhar (alternative)
mengar (alternative)


vei

first-person singular present indicative of vezer


contener

From Latin contineō, continēre. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French contenir.


luzir

Occitan: lusir

From Vulgar Latin *lūcīre, from Latin lūcēre. Compare Old French luisir.


començar

Occitan: començar


beure

Occitan: beure


escriure

Occitan: escriure

From Latin scrībere. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French escrivre.

escreure (alternative)
escriere (alternative)
escrieure (alternative)
escrir (alternative)
escrire (alternative)
scrieure (alternative)
scriure (alternative)


viure

Occitan: viure

Quar senes lieys non puesc viure, / Tant ai pres de s'amor gran fam.

For without her I cannot live, such great hunger do I have for her love.


cobrir

Occitan: cobrir

From Latin cooperiō, cooperīre. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French covrir.

cubrir (alternative)
curbi (alternative)

12th century, Bernard de Ventadour, Bel m’es can eu vei la brolha
e.lh ram son cubert de folha

and the branches are covered with leaves


sofrir

Occitan: sofrir

From Vulgar Latin *sufferīre, from Latin sufferre.

suffrir (alternative)
sufrir (alternative)


albergar

Borrowed from Frankish [Term?]. See English auberge.

12th century, Garin d'Apchier, Mos Cominals fai ben parer
ni·l voilla albergar un ser

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

to host; to lodge (provide a place to stay)


sospirar

Occitan: sospirar


gardar

Occitan: gardar

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.


gabar

Occitan: gabar

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: gabar

Galician: gabar

Portuguese: gabar

Borrowed from Old Norse gabb with the verbal suffix -ar. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French gaber.


caler

Ladino: kaler

Occitan: caler

12th century, Bernard de Ventadour, Lo gens tems de pascor
Ela.m ditz no m'en chal.

(reflexive, se caler) to care about; to be concerned about


multiplicar

Borrowed from Latin multiplicāre. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French molteplier.

(intransitive) to multiply (augment; increase)


audir

Occitan: ausir, audir, auvir


trobar

Occitan: trobar

desctree

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: trobar
Galician: trobar
Portuguese: trovar

→ Old Spanish: trobar
Spanish: trovar

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *tropāre. Attested in the Sainte Foy. Compare Old French trover.

Nos, e molz libres, o trobam legen

Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch
fr:Chanson de sainte Foy d'Agen


creire

Occitan: creire


remembrar

Occitan: remembrar

From Latin rememoror. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French remembrer.


recebre

Gascon: recéber, ⇒ arrecéber, arcéber

Occitan: recebre

From Latin recipere. Cognate with Old French recevoir.


trucar

Occitan: trucar

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre, from Latin trūdō + -icō.


raubar

Occitan: raubar


defendre

Occitan: defendre

Latin defendō. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French defendre.


fenir

Occitan: finir

Aissi fenira ma chanso


semblar

Occitan: semblar

desc

→ Italian: sembrare, sembiare, semblare (poetic, archaic)

→ Portuguese: sembrar

→ Spanish: semblar (archaic)

From Late Latin similāre, a verb derived from Latin similis (“similar”). Compare Old French sembler.


oblidar

Occitan: doblidar

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *oblītāre, a frequentative based on Latin oblīvīscor (via its past participle oblītus). Compare Old French oblier.


remirar

From Latin remīrārī, from mīrārī (“to wonder at, admire”).

to admire, especially with affection or desire


trametre

Occitan: trasméter, trasmetre

From Latin tramitto, tramittere, possibly borrowed.


comensar

Occitan: començar

From Vulgar Latin *cominitiāre. Compare Old French comencier.


remaner

Occitan: remàner


chazer

dels arbres chazer la fòlha

c. 1145, Bernard de Ventadour, Lancan vei per mei la landa:


vezer

Occitan: veire, vèire (Provençal), véder, véser


posc

first-person singular present indicative of poder


adormir

Occitan: adormir


alberguar

to house; to shelter (provide accommodation)


peccar

Occitan: pecar


aucir

Occitan: aucir


venjar

Occitan: venjar

Languedocien: vengar

From Latin vindicāre. Closely related to Old French and Anglo-Norman vengier.

(reflexive, se venjar) to avenge oneself, to take revenge


asorar

Que plus etz blanca qu'evori, / Per qu'ieu autra non azori.

For you are whiter than ivory, I'll not love any other than you.


conoiser

Occitan: conóisser

From Late Latin conōscere, from Latin cognōscere.


reverdir

From re- + verdir. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French reverdir.

to turn green again (of trees, plants, etc.)


aunir

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *haunīre. Attested in Jaufré.


aparelhar

Occitan: aparelhar

From Vulgar Latin *appariclāre, *appariculāre, itself probably from Latin apparō. Gallo-Romance cognate with Catalan aparellar and Old French apareillier.


plazer

From Latin placēre. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French plaisir.


tremblar

From Late Latin tremulāre, a verb based on Latin tremulus (“shaking, quivering”), itself an adjective based on tremere (“shudder”).

temblar (alternative)
tramblar (alternative)
tremolar (alternative)


endurar

Occitan: endurar


blasmar

Occitan: blaimar, blasmar

Inherited from Late Latin blastēmāre (variant of blasphēmāre). Compare Old French blasmer.

12th century, Bernard de Ventadour, Lo tems vai e ven e vire
Ja per me no·n er blasmada


concluire

Borrowed from Latin conclūdō. The earliest dated usage listed in the Franzözisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch attributes it to Bernard de Ventadour in the 12th century.

concludir (alternative)
concluzir (alternative)


cazer

From Late Latin cadēre, from Latin cadĕre.


umiliar

Ultimately from Latin humilis (“humble”).

(reflexive, s'umiliar) to humble oneself (to act humbly)


membrar

From Latin memorare. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French membrer.

(reflexive, se membrar) to recall; to remember


dezesperar

(reflexive, se dezesperar) to lose hope; to feel hopeless


eschazer

From Vulgar Latin *excadēre (“fall out”), from Latin ex- + cadere. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French escheoir.


solelhar

solelh + -ar. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French soleiller.


baizar

Latin bāsiō. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French baisier.


escumengar

Latin excommunicō. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French escumengier.


espingar

Occitan:

Auvergnat: eipïjâ, espïjâ (South), eipijâ, espijâ (Yssingelais), eipïnchâ, espïnchâ (Velay), eipichâ (Gannatois), eipïtâ (Bourbonnaise, Gannatois, West Uplands), ipayà

Gascon: aspiar

Languedocien: espiar

Provençal: espiar (Niçois), espigar

From Vulgar Latin *spincō, *spiō (“to spy, espy”), from Frankish *spehōn (“to spy, watch”).


ademprar

Occitan: asemprar

azemprar (alternative)
aremprar (alternative)
adzemprar (alternative)


esfredar

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *exfridāre. Attested in Borneil.