spǫrr

non-noun

spǫrr m (genitive spǫrs or sparrar, dative spǫrvi, plural spǫrvar)

spǫrs (genitive)
sparrar (genitive)
spǫrvi (dative)
spǫrvar (plural)
spǫrr (indefinite nominative singular)
spǫrrinn (definite nominative singular)
spǫrvar (indefinite nominative plural)
spǫrvarnir (definite nominative plural)
spǫr (accusative indefinite singular)
spǫrinn (accusative definite singular)
spǫrva (accusative indefinite plural)
spǫrvana (accusative definite plural)
spǫrvi (dative indefinite singular)
spǫrvinum (dative definite singular)
spǫrum (dative indefinite plural)
spǫrunum (dative definite plural)
spǫrs (genitive indefinite singular)
sparrar (genitive indefinite singular)
spǫrsins (definite genitive singular)
sparrarins (definite genitive singular)
spǫrva (genitive indefinite plural)
spǫrvanna (definite genitive plural)
sparr (alternative)

non-decl-blank-full

spǫrr

Faroese: spurvur m

Icelandic: spörr m

Norwegian Nynorsk: sporv m

Old Danish: sparw, sporw, spørwe

Danish: spurv c

Norwegian Bokmål: spurv m

desc

Old Swedish: sparver m, spørver m, sparff m

Swedish: sparv c

→ Middle English: *spar

English: sparr

From Proto-Germanic *sparwaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *spḗr.


Sigtryggr

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Sigtryggr

Sigtryggr (indefinite nominative)
Sigtrygg (accusative indefinite)
Sigtryggvi (dative indefinite)
Sigtryggs (genitive indefinite)

From sigr (“victory”) + tryggr (“true, faithful”).


Níðhǫggr

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Níðhǫggr

Níðhǫggr (indefinite nominative)
Níðhǫgg (accusative indefinite)
Níðhǫggvi (dative indefinite)
Níðhǫggs (genitive indefinite)

Norwegian Nynorsk: Nidhogg

→ English: Nidhogg (learned)

From níð (“shame; enmity, hatred”) + hǫggr (“hewer, striker, cutter”). The second element is the agent of the verb hǫggva (“to hew”).

compound

(Norse mythology) a dragon who eats the roots of the Ash of Yggdrasill and torments those who died in shame


bǫrr

bǫrs (genitive)
bǫrvar (plural)
bǫrr (indefinite nominative singular)
bǫrrinn (definite nominative singular)
bǫrvar (indefinite nominative plural)
bǫrvarnir (definite nominative plural)
bǫr (accusative indefinite singular)
bǫrinn (accusative definite singular)
bǫrva (accusative indefinite plural)
bǫrvana (accusative definite plural)
bǫrvi (dative indefinite singular)
bǫrvinum (dative definite singular)
bǫrum (dative indefinite plural)
bǫrunum (dative definite plural)
bǫrs (genitive indefinite singular)
bǫrsins (definite genitive singular)
bǫrva (genitive indefinite plural)
bǫrvanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

bǫrr


bǫrr

bǫrr


mǫrr

mǫrs (genitive)
mǫrvar (plural)
mǫrr (indefinite nominative singular)
mǫrrinn (definite nominative singular)
mǫrvar (indefinite nominative plural)
mǫrvarnir (definite nominative plural)
mǫr (accusative indefinite singular)
mǫrinn (accusative definite singular)
mǫrva (accusative indefinite plural)
mǫrvana (accusative definite plural)
mǫrvi (dative indefinite singular)
mǫrvinum (dative definite singular)
mǫrum (dative indefinite plural)
mǫrunum (dative definite plural)
mǫrs (genitive indefinite singular)
mǫrsins (definite genitive singular)
mǫrva (genitive indefinite plural)
mǫrvanna (definite genitive plural)

mǫrr

Faroese: mørur

Icelandic: mör

Norwegian Bokmål: morr, mørr

Norwegian Nynorsk: mòr

→ Old Irish: mar

⇒ Middle Irish: maróc

Scottish Gaelic: marag

Irish: maróg

From Proto-Norse *ᛗᚨᚱᚺᚹᚨ- (*marhwa-), from Proto-Germanic *marhwaz.


hvæsa

Icelandic: hvæsa

Faroese: hvæsa

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: kvæsa, kvesa; (dialectal) gvæse, væse

Elfdalian: węsa

Swedish: väsa, (older) hväsa

Danish: hvæse

Norwegian Bokmål: hvese

→ Middle English: whesen

English: wheeze

From Proto-Germanic *hwēsijaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwes-. Related to Latin queror, Sanskrit श्वास (śvāsá). Cognate with English quarrel, Pashto ساه (sāh, “breath, blow, puff, soul, spirit, essence”), Baluchi ساہ (sáh, “breath, blow, essence”).


kópr

kóps (genitive)
kópar (plural)
kópr (indefinite nominative singular)
kóprinn (definite nominative singular)
kópar (indefinite nominative plural)
kóparnir (definite nominative plural)
kóp (accusative indefinite singular)
kópinn (accusative definite singular)
kópa (accusative indefinite plural)
kópana (accusative definite plural)
kópi (dative indefinite singular)
kópinum (dative definite singular)
kópum (dative indefinite plural)
kópunum (dative definite plural)
kóps (genitive indefinite singular)
kópsins (definite genitive singular)
kópa (genitive indefinite plural)
kópanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

kópr

Faroese: kópur m

Icelandic: kópur m

Norwegian: kop m

Swedish: *kop (attested only as part of a placename, Kopskär, a reef off Åland; compare Icelandic Kópasker)

From the verb kópa (“to stare”), from Proto-Germanic *kōpēn-, related to *kōpijaną (“to look after”).

an Old Icelandic nickname, probably meaning “one who stares”


Þórr

Icelandic: Þór

Faroese: Tórur

Norwegian: Tor

Old Swedish: Þōr

Swedish: Tor

Old Danish: Thor

Danish: Tor (older spelling Thor)

→ Chinese: 索爾 /索尔 (suǒ'ěr)

→ English: Thor

→ French: Thor

→ Japanese: トール

→ Korean: 토르 (toreu)

→ Russian: Тор (Tor)

From Proto-Norse *ᚦᛟᚾᚨᚱᚨᛉ (*þonaraʀ), from Proto-Germanic *Þunraz, whence also Old English Þunor (English thunder), Old Saxon Thunær, Old High German ᚹᛁᚷᛁᚦᛟᚾᚨᚱ (wigiþonar), Donar (German Donner). In most related languages the theonym (“Thor”) and the natural phenomenon (“thunder”) were identical, but in Old Norse the latter sense was lost outside of compounds (like the ancestor of Swedish tordön (“the sound of thunder”)).

ᚦᚢᚱ (alternative nominative)
ᚦᚮᚱ (alternative nominative)

c. 975, Þórbjǫrn dísarskáld, Poem about Þórr, verse 1

Thor has mightily defended Asgard together with the messengers of Ygg [GODS].

Þórr hefr Yggs með ǫ́rum / Ásgarð af þrek varðan.


titra

Faroese: titra

Icelandic: titra

From Proto-Germanic *titrōną, whence also Old High German zittarōn (German zittern).


ógurligr

desc

Faroese: ógvuligur, ógvusligur, ógvisligur

Icelandic: ógurlegur


skipti

skiptis (genitive)
skipti (indefinite nominative singular)
skiptit (definite nominative singular)
skipti (indefinite nominative plural)
skiptin (definite nominative plural)
skipti (accusative indefinite singular)
skiptit (accusative definite singular)
skipti (accusative indefinite plural)
skiptin (accusative definite plural)
skipti (dative indefinite singular)
skiptinu (dative definite singular)
skiptum (dative indefinite plural)
skiptunum (dative definite plural)
skiptis (genitive indefinite singular)
skiptisins (definite genitive singular)
skipta (genitive indefinite plural)
skiptanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

skipti

Icelandic: skipti

Swedish: skifte

From skipta (“to change”), from earlier Proto-Germanic *skiftijaną (“to put in order, arrange”).

der

(plural only) dealings, transactions, disputes, fights


fró

Icelandic: fró


strǫnd

non-decl-blank-full

strǫnd

strǫnd (indefinite nominative singular)
strǫndin (definite nominative singular)
strendr (indefinite nominative plural)
strendrnar (definite nominative plural)
strǫnd (accusative indefinite singular)
strǫndina (accusative definite singular)
strendr (accusative indefinite plural)
strendrnar (accusative definite plural)
strǫnd (dative indefinite singular)
strǫndu (dative indefinite singular)
strǫndinni (dative definite singular)
strǫndum (dative indefinite plural)
strǫndunum (dative definite plural)
strandar (genitive indefinite singular)
strandarinnar (definite genitive singular)
stranda (genitive indefinite plural)
strandanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: strönd

Faroese: strond

Norn: stranjd

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: strond, strand; (dialectal) strønd

Norwegian Bokmål: strand

Old Swedish: strand

Swedish: strand

Danish: strand

Gutnish: strand

From Proto-Germanic *strandō, whence also English strand, German Strand.


Suðreyjar

English: Sodor

Faroese: Suðuroyggjar f pl

Icelandic: Suðureyjar f pl

Literally “south isles”, from suðr (“south”) + ey (“island”).


Orkneyjar

non-decl-blank-plur

Orkneyjar

Orkneyjar (indefinite nominative plural)
Orkneyjarnar (definite nominative plural)
Orkneyjar (accusative indefinite plural)
Orkneyjarnar (accusative definite plural)
Orkneyjum (dative indefinite plural)
Orkneyjunum (dative definite plural)
Orkneyja (genitive indefinite plural)
Orkneyjanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: Orkneyjar f pl

Faroese: Orknoyggjar f pl

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: Orknøyar f pl; (definite form) Orknøyane, Orknøyarne

Norwegian Bokmål: Orknøyene m pl or f pl

Swedish: Orknöarna c pl

Danish: Ørkenøerne c pl

→ English: Orkney, Orkneys, Orkney Islands

Adapted from a Pictish word (perhaps from Proto-Celtic *ɸorkos (“pig”)), with a suffixed eyjar (“islands”). Compare Latin Orcades.


Vestmannaeyjar

Faroese: Vestmannaoyggjar

Icelandic: Vestmannaeyjar

From Vestmaðr (“Briton, Irishman, Gael”) + ey (“island”).

af

the Westman Islands, an archipelago off the south coast of Iceland


plǿgja

Icelandic: plægja

Faroese: pløga

Norwegian Nynorsk: pløya, pløye

Norwegian Bokmål: pløye

Swedish: plöja

Danish: pløje

From Proto-Germanic *plōgijaną (“a plough”), equivalent to plógr (“a plough”) + -ja (causative verbal suffix); compare German pflügen (“to plow, to plough”).


æja

head

æja (present indicative ær, past indicative áði, past participle áðr)

ær (indicative present)
áði (indicative past)
áðr (participle past)
æja (infinitive)
æjandi (participle present)
áðr (participle past)
æ (first-person indicative present singular)
áða (first-person indicative past singular)
æja (first-person present singular subjunctive)
æða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
ær (indicative present second-person singular)
áðir (indicative past second-person singular)
æir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
æðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
ær (indicative present singular third-person)
áði (indicative past singular third-person)
æi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
æði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
æjum (first-person indicative plural present)
áðum (first-person indicative past plural)
æim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
æðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
æið (indicative plural present second-person)
áðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
æið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
æðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
æja (indicative plural present third-person)
áðu (indicative past plural third-person)
æi (plural present subjunctive third-person)
æði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
æ (present second-person singular)
æjum (first-person plural present)
æið (plural present second-person)
æjask (infinitive)
æjandisk (participle present)
æzk (participle past)
æjumk (first-person indicative present singular)
áðumk (first-person indicative past singular)
æjumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
æðumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
æsk (indicative present second-person singular)
áðisk (indicative past second-person singular)
æisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
æðisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
æsk (indicative present singular third-person)
áðisk (indicative past singular third-person)
æisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
æðisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
æjumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
áðumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
æimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
æðimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
æizk (indicative plural present second-person)
áðuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
æizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
æðizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
æjask (indicative plural present third-person)
áðusk (indicative past plural third-person)
æisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
æðisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
æsk (present second-person singular)
æjumsk (first-person plural present)
æizk (plural present second-person)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of æja — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of æja — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

Icelandic: æja

Probably from Proto-Germanic *ahjaną, related to Sanskrit अशनाति (aśnā́ti, “eat”), Ancient Greek ἄκολος (ákolos, “morsel”).


háð

háðs (genitive)
háð (indefinite nominative singular)
háðit (definite nominative singular)
háð (indefinite nominative plural)
háðin (definite nominative plural)
háð (accusative indefinite singular)
háðit (accusative definite singular)
háð (accusative indefinite plural)
háðin (accusative definite plural)
háði (dative indefinite singular)
háðinu (dative definite singular)
háðum (dative indefinite plural)
háðunum (dative definite plural)
háðs (genitive indefinite singular)
háðsins (definite genitive singular)
háða (genitive indefinite plural)
háðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

háð

Icelandic: háð

From Proto-Germanic *hawiþą, related to *hauniz (“miserable”).


bráð

bráðar (genitive)
bráðir (plural)
bráð (indefinite nominative singular)
bráðin (definite nominative singular)
bráðir (indefinite nominative plural)
bráðirnar (definite nominative plural)
bráð (accusative indefinite singular)
bráðina (accusative definite singular)
bráðir (accusative indefinite plural)
bráðirnar (accusative definite plural)
bráð (dative indefinite singular)
bráðinni (dative definite singular)
bráðum (dative indefinite plural)
bráðunum (dative definite plural)
bráðar (genitive indefinite singular)
bráðarinnar (definite genitive singular)
bráða (genitive indefinite plural)
bráðanna (definite genitive plural)

bráð

From Proto-Germanic *brēdô m (“flesh, muscle”), whence ultimately also English brawn.


gnastan

Unknown origin, may be the source of Middle English gnasten (“to gnash the teeth”), itself the origin of English gnash.


gnísting

Derived from gnísta (“to scrub, to gnash”), akin to gniða (“to rub, to scrub”) and Norwegian gniste (“yelp, whimper, squeak”) and gnisning/gnissing (“friction, dissension”).


efstan

strong masculine accusative singular of efstr


gil

gils (genitive)
gil (plural)
gil (indefinite nominative singular)
gilit (definite nominative singular)
gil (indefinite nominative plural)
gilin (definite nominative plural)
gil (accusative indefinite singular)
gilit (accusative definite singular)
gil (accusative indefinite plural)
gilin (accusative definite plural)
gili (dative indefinite singular)
gilinu (dative definite singular)
giljum (dative indefinite plural)
giljunum (dative definite plural)
gils (genitive indefinite singular)
gilsins (definite genitive singular)
gilja (genitive indefinite plural)
giljanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

gil

Icelandic: gil

Faroese: gil

Norwegian Bokmål: gjel

Norwegian Nynorsk: gjel

Middle English: gille

English: gill


ábreiða

ōn (plural)
ábreiða (indefinite nominative singular)
ábreiðan (definite nominative singular)
ábreiður (indefinite nominative plural)
ábreiðurnar (definite nominative plural)
ábreiðu (accusative indefinite singular)
ábreiðuna (accusative definite singular)
ábreiður (accusative indefinite plural)
ábreiðurnar (accusative definite plural)
ábreiðu (dative indefinite singular)
ábreiðunni (dative definite singular)
ábreiðum (dative indefinite plural)
ábreiðunum (dative definite plural)
ábreiðu (genitive indefinite singular)
ábreiðunnar (definite genitive singular)
ábreiðna (genitive indefinite plural)
ábreiðnanna (definite genitive plural)

ábreiða


bleik

inflection of bleikr:
strong feminine nominative singular

strong neuter nominative/accusative plural


bleik

second-person singular imperative active of bleikja


negla

negldr (participle past)
negla (infinitive)
neglandi (participle present)
negldr (participle past)
negli (first-person indicative present singular)
neglda (first-person indicative past singular)
negla (first-person present singular subjunctive)
neglda (first-person past singular subjunctive)
neglir (indicative present second-person singular)
negldir (indicative past second-person singular)
neglir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
negldir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
neglir (indicative present singular third-person)
negldi (indicative past singular third-person)
negli (present singular subjunctive third-person)
negldi (past singular subjunctive third-person)
neglum (first-person indicative plural present)
negldum (first-person indicative past plural)
neglim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
negldim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
neglið (indicative plural present second-person)
neglduð (indicative past plural second-person)
neglið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
negldið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
negla (indicative plural present third-person)
negldu (indicative past plural third-person)
negli (plural present subjunctive third-person)
negldi (past plural subjunctive third-person)
negl (present second-person singular)
negli (present second-person singular)
neglum (first-person plural present)
neglið (plural present second-person)
neglask (infinitive)
neglandisk (participle present)
neglzk (participle past)
neglumk (first-person indicative present singular)
negldumk (first-person indicative past singular)
neglumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
negldumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
neglisk (indicative present second-person singular)
negldisk (indicative past second-person singular)
neglisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
negldisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
neglisk (indicative present singular third-person)
negldisk (indicative past singular third-person)
neglisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
negldisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
neglumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
negldumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
neglimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
negldimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
neglizk (indicative plural present second-person)
neglduzk (indicative past plural second-person)
neglizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
negldizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
neglask (indicative plural present third-person)
negldusk (indicative past plural third-person)
neglisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
negldisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
neglsk (present second-person singular)
neglisk (present second-person singular)
neglumsk (first-person plural present)
neglizk (plural present second-person)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of negla — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of negla — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

Icelandic: negla

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: nagle, nagla, negla, negle

Norwegian Bokmål: nagle

Old Danish: næglæ

Danish: nagle


hent

strong feminine nominative singular of hentr

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of hentr

strong neuter nominative/accusative plural of hentr


sám

first-person plural present indicative active of sá

first-person plural past indicative active of sjá


geirr

non-decl-blank-full

geirr

geirr (indefinite nominative singular)
geirrinn (definite nominative singular)
geirar (indefinite nominative plural)
geirarnir (definite nominative plural)
geir (accusative indefinite singular)
geirinn (accusative definite singular)
geira (accusative indefinite plural)
geirana (accusative definite plural)
geiri (dative indefinite singular)
geirinum (dative definite singular)
geirum (dative indefinite plural)
geirunum (dative definite plural)
geirs (genitive indefinite singular)
geirsins (definite genitive singular)
geira (genitive indefinite plural)
geiranna (definite genitive plural)
ᚴᛅᛁᛦ (alternative)
gæiʀʀ (alternative)

Danish: ger

Icelandic: geir

⇒ Icelandic: geiri

Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: geir

Norwegian Nynorsk: geir

Old Swedish: göir, geir, ger, gir

Swedish: ger, gir

⇒ Swedish: gere, gir

⇒ Swedish: gering

From Proto-Germanic *gaizaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰoysós (“throwing spear”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰey- (“to drive, move, fling”). Cognate with Old English gār, Old Frisian gēr, Old Saxon gēr, Old High German gēr, Low German gere, Dutch geer.

der

but old age gives / him no peace

verse 16 of the Hávamál Ósnjallr maðr / hyggsk munu ey lifa, ef hann við víg varask; en elli gefr / hánum engi frið, þótt hánum geirar gefi. A cowardly man / believes he will live forever if he keep himself away from battle


senn

Icelandic: senn

Norwegian Nynorsk: senn

Swedish: sänder (in i sänder)

From Proto-Germanic *sanþi (“soon, at once”), a denominal adverb derived from the root of *sinnaną (“to head for, long for”).


trog

non-decl-blank-full

trog

trog (indefinite nominative singular)
trogit (definite nominative singular)
trog (indefinite nominative plural)
trogin (definite nominative plural)
trog (accusative indefinite singular)
trogit (accusative definite singular)
trog (accusative indefinite plural)
trogin (accusative definite plural)
trogi (dative indefinite singular)
troginu (dative definite singular)
trogum (dative indefinite plural)
trogunum (dative definite plural)
trogs (genitive indefinite singular)
trogsins (definite genitive singular)
troga (genitive indefinite plural)
troganna (definite genitive plural)
trug (alternative)

Icelandic: trog

Faroese: trog

Norwegian Nynorsk: trau

Norwegian Bokmål: trau

Danish: trug

Swedish: tråg


ergi

ergi (genitive)
ergi (indefinite nominative singular)
ergin (definite nominative singular)
ergi (accusative indefinite singular)
ergina (accusative definite singular)
ergi (dative indefinite singular)
erginni (dative definite singular)
ergi (genitive indefinite singular)
erginnar (definite genitive singular)
regi (alternative)

non-decl-blank-sing

ergi

Formally from Proto-Germanic *argį̄. Proto-Norse ᛡᚱᛡᚷᛖᚢ (ᴀrᴀgeu /arᵃgju/) (dative/instrumental singular) appears to be a jōn-stem noun, but may still be ancestral to ergi if the declension were irregularly changed. By surface analysis, argr (“effeminate, shameful, homosexual”) + -i (“-ness”, abstract noun suffix).

surf

-i<pos:abstract noun suffix><t:-ness><id:abstract noun>

the state of being argr; variously translated as lewdness, perversity, effeminacy, degeneracy


farri

farri (genitive)
farri (indefinite nominative singular)
farrinn (definite nominative singular)
farrar (indefinite nominative plural)
farrarnir (definite nominative plural)
farra (accusative indefinite singular)
farrann (accusative definite singular)
farra (accusative indefinite plural)
farrana (accusative definite plural)
farra (dative indefinite singular)
farranum (dative definite singular)
fǫrrum (dative indefinite plural)
fǫrrunum (dative definite plural)
farra (genitive indefinite singular)
farrans (definite genitive singular)
farra (genitive indefinite plural)
farranna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

farri

Icelandic: farri

Swedish: farre


hef

first-person singular present indicative active

second-person singular imperative active


ím

íms (genitive)
ím (plural)
ím (indefinite nominative singular)
ímit (definite nominative singular)
ím (indefinite nominative plural)
ímin (definite nominative plural)
ím (accusative indefinite singular)
ímit (accusative definite singular)
ím (accusative indefinite plural)
ímin (accusative definite plural)
ími (dative indefinite singular)
íminu (dative definite singular)
ímum (dative indefinite plural)
ímunum (dative definite plural)
íms (genitive indefinite singular)
ímsins (definite genitive singular)
íma (genitive indefinite plural)
ímanna (definite genitive plural)

ím

Faroese: ím

Norwegian Nynorsk: im

Has an ablaut relationship with eimr. Thus presumedly from Proto-Germanic *īmą, from a marginal Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ey- (“~ to burn, smoke”), but there are no secure cognates outside of North Germanic, so the origin is uncertain.


berill

non-noun

berill m (genitive berils, plural berlar)

berils (genitive)
berlar (plural)
berill (indefinite nominative singular)
berillinn (definite nominative singular)
berlar (indefinite nominative plural)
berlarnir (definite nominative plural)
beril (accusative indefinite singular)
berilinn (accusative definite singular)
berla (accusative indefinite plural)
berlana (accusative definite plural)
berli (dative indefinite singular)
berlinum (dative definite singular)
berlum (dative indefinite plural)
berlunum (dative definite plural)
berils (genitive indefinite singular)
berilsins (definite genitive singular)
berla (genitive indefinite plural)
berlanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

berill

From Proto-Germanic *barilaz, equivalent to bera + -ill.


séð

second-person plural present indicative/subjunctive/imperative of sjá

second-person plural present subjunctive of vera


tóm

tóms (genitive)
tóm (indefinite nominative singular)
tómit (definite nominative singular)
tóm (indefinite nominative plural)
tómin (definite nominative plural)
tóm (accusative indefinite singular)
tómit (accusative definite singular)
tóm (accusative indefinite plural)
tómin (accusative definite plural)
tómi (dative indefinite singular)
tóminu (dative definite singular)
tómum (dative indefinite plural)
tómunum (dative definite plural)
tóms (genitive indefinite singular)
tómsins (definite genitive singular)
tóma (genitive indefinite plural)
tómanna (definite genitive plural)

tóm


tóm

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

inflection of tómr:
strong feminine nominative singular


fræva

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of fræva — active (weak class 2)

Conjugation of fræva — mediopassive (weak class 2)

non-conj-table

fræva (infinitive)
frævandi (participle present)
frævaðr (participle past)
fræva (first-person indicative present singular)
frævaða (first-person indicative past singular)
fræva (first-person present singular subjunctive)
frævaða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
frævar (indicative present second-person singular)
frævaðir (indicative past second-person singular)
frævir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
frævaðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
frævar (indicative present singular third-person)
frævaði (indicative past singular third-person)
frævi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
frævaði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
frævum (first-person indicative plural present)
frævuðum (first-person indicative past plural)
frævim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
frævaðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
frævið (indicative plural present second-person)
frævuðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
frævið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
frævaðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
fræva (indicative plural present third-person)
frævuðu (indicative past plural third-person)
frævi (plural present subjunctive third-person)
frævaði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
fræva (present second-person singular)
frævum (first-person plural present)
frævið (plural present second-person)
frævask (infinitive)
frævandisk (participle present)
frævazk (participle past)
frævumk (first-person indicative present singular)
frævuðumk (first-person indicative past singular)
frævumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
frævuðumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
frævask (indicative present second-person singular)
frævaðisk (indicative past second-person singular)
frævisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
frævaðisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
frævask (indicative present singular third-person)
frævaðisk (indicative past singular third-person)
frævisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
frævaðisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
frævumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
frævuðumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
frævimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
frævaðimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
frævizk (indicative plural present second-person)
frævuðuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
frævizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
frævaðizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
frævask (indicative plural present third-person)
frævuðusk (indicative past plural third-person)
frævisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
frævaðisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
frævask (present second-person singular)
frævumsk (first-person plural present)
frævizk (plural present second-person)
frjóva (alternative)

Norwegian Nynorsk: fræve


fræva

inflection of frær:
strong feminine accusative singular

inflection of frær:
strong masculine accusative plural

inflection of frær:
weak masculine oblique singular

inflection of frær:
weak feminine nominative singular

inflection of frær:
weak neuter singular


blǿða

head

blǿða (singular past indicative blǿddi, plural past indicative blǿddu, past participle blǿtt)

blǿddi (indicative past singular)
blǿddu (indicative past plural)
blǿtt (participle past)
blǿða (infinitive)
blǿðandi (participle present)
blǿddr (participle past)
blǿði (first-person indicative present singular)
blǿdda (first-person indicative past singular)
blǿða (first-person present singular subjunctive)
blǿdda (first-person past singular subjunctive)
blǿðir (indicative present second-person singular)
blǿddir (indicative past second-person singular)
blǿðir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
blǿddir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
blǿðir (indicative present singular third-person)
blǿddi (indicative past singular third-person)
blǿði (present singular subjunctive third-person)
blǿddi (past singular subjunctive third-person)
blǿðum (first-person indicative plural present)
blǿddum (first-person indicative past plural)
blǿðim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
blǿddim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
blǿðið (indicative plural present second-person)
blǿdduð (indicative past plural second-person)
blǿðið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
blǿddið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
blǿða (indicative plural present third-person)
blǿddu (indicative past plural third-person)
blǿði (plural present subjunctive third-person)
blǿddi (past plural subjunctive third-person)
blǿð (present second-person singular)
blǿði (present second-person singular)
blǿðum (first-person plural present)
blǿðið (plural present second-person)
blǿðask (infinitive)
blǿðandisk (participle present)
blǿðzk (participle past)
blǿðumk (first-person indicative present singular)
blǿddumk (first-person indicative past singular)
blǿðumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
blǿddumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
blǿðisk (indicative present second-person singular)
blǿddisk (indicative past second-person singular)
blǿðisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
blǿddisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
blǿðisk (indicative present singular third-person)
blǿddisk (indicative past singular third-person)
blǿðisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
blǿddisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
blǿðumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
blǿddumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
blǿðimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
blǿddimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
blǿðizk (indicative plural present second-person)
blǿdduzk (indicative past plural second-person)
blǿðizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
blǿddizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
blǿðask (indicative plural present third-person)
blǿddusk (indicative past plural third-person)
blǿðisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
blǿddisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
blǿðsk (present second-person singular)
blǿðisk (present second-person singular)
blǿðumsk (first-person plural present)
blǿðizk (plural present second-person)
blœða (alternative)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of blǿða — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of blǿða — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

Icelandic: blæða

Faroese: bløða

Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: blø

Norwegian Nynorsk: blø, bløde, bløda

Old Swedish: blø̄þa

Swedish: blöda

Old Danish:

Danish: bløde

From Proto-Germanic *blōþijaną, from the root of blóð (“blood”). Compare Old English blēdan, Old Frisian blēda, Old High German bluoten.


stræti

Icelandic: stræti

Faroese: stræti

Norwegian: strede, strete

Danish: stræde

Old Swedish: strǣte, strāta

Swedish: sträte, stråt

From Old English strǣt or Old Frisian strēte, from Proto-West Germanic *strātu, from Latin strāta.


menna

head

menna (singular past indicative mennti, plural past indicative menntu, past participle menntr)

mennti (indicative past singular)
menntu (indicative past plural)
menntr (participle past)
menna (infinitive)
mennandi (participle present)
menntr (participle past)
menni (first-person indicative present singular)
mennta (first-person indicative past singular)
menna (first-person present singular subjunctive)
mennta (first-person past singular subjunctive)
mennir (indicative present second-person singular)
menntir (indicative past second-person singular)
mennir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
menntir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
mennir (indicative present singular third-person)
mennti (indicative past singular third-person)
menni (present singular subjunctive third-person)
mennti (past singular subjunctive third-person)
mennum (first-person indicative plural present)
menntum (first-person indicative past plural)
mennim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
menntim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
mennið (indicative plural present second-person)
menntuð (indicative past plural second-person)
mennið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
menntið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
menna (indicative plural present third-person)
menntu (indicative past plural third-person)
menni (plural present subjunctive third-person)
mennti (past plural subjunctive third-person)
menn (present second-person singular)
menni (present second-person singular)
mennum (first-person plural present)
mennið (plural present second-person)
mennask (infinitive)
mennandisk (participle present)
mennzk (participle past)
mennumk (first-person indicative present singular)
menntumk (first-person indicative past singular)
mennumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
menntumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
mennisk (indicative present second-person singular)
menntisk (indicative past second-person singular)
mennisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
menntisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
mennisk (indicative present singular third-person)
menntisk (indicative past singular third-person)
mennisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
menntisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
mennumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
menntumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
mennimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
menntimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
mennizk (indicative plural present second-person)
menntuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
mennizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
menntizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
mennask (indicative plural present third-person)
menntusk (indicative past plural third-person)
mennisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
menntisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
mennsk (present second-person singular)
mennisk (present second-person singular)
mennumsk (first-person plural present)
mennizk (plural present second-person)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of menna — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of menna — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

Verbal formation related to maðr (“man”).


hám

inflection of hár:
strong masculine dative singular

strong/weak masculine/feminine/neuter dative plural


tína

Icelandic: tína

Norn: tinna

Norwegian Bokmål: tine

Hann tíndi upp gullit.

tínda korn

...bað jarl sína menn tína undan

...chief asked his men to go ahead one by one


býsna-

Icelandic: býsna

Býsnavel.


vreka

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of vreka — active (strong􂀽 class 5)

Conjugation of vreka — mediopassive (strong􂀽 class 5)

non-conj-table

vreka (infinitive)
vrekandi (participle present)
vrekinn (participle past)
vrek (first-person indicative present singular)
vrak (first-person indicative past singular)
vreka (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vræka (first-person past singular subjunctive)
vrekr (indicative present second-person singular)
vrakt (indicative past second-person singular)
vrekir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vrækir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
vrekr (indicative present singular third-person)
vrak (indicative past singular third-person)
vreki (present singular subjunctive third-person)
vræki (past singular subjunctive third-person)
vrekum (first-person indicative plural present)
vrákum (first-person indicative past plural)
vrekim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vrækim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
vrekið (indicative plural present second-person)
vrákuð (indicative past plural second-person)
vrekið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vrækið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
vreka (indicative plural present third-person)
vráku (indicative past plural third-person)
vreki (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vræki (past plural subjunctive third-person)
vrek (present second-person singular)
vrekum (first-person plural present)
vrekið (plural present second-person)
vrekask (infinitive)
vrekandisk (participle present)
vrekizk (participle past)
vrekumk (first-person indicative present singular)
vrákumk (first-person indicative past singular)
vrekumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vrækumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
vreksk (indicative present second-person singular)
vrakzk (indicative past second-person singular)
vrekisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vrækisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
vreksk (indicative present singular third-person)
vraksk (indicative past singular third-person)
vrekisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
vrækisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
vrekumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
vrákumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
vrekimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vrækimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
vrekizk (indicative plural present second-person)
vrákuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
vrekizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vrækizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
vrekask (indicative plural present third-person)
vrákusk (indicative past plural third-person)
vrekisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vrækisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
vreksk (present second-person singular)
vrekumsk (first-person plural present)
vrekizk (plural present second-person)
reka (alternative)

Icelandic: reka

Faroese: reka

Norwegian: reke

Norwegian Nynorsk: reka

Old Swedish: vræka, rwæka

Swedish: vräka, räka (dialectal)

Danish: vrage

Gutnish: bräkä

From Proto-Germanic *wrekaną, whence also Old English wrecan (English wreak), Old High German rehhan, Old Saxon wrekan, Gothic 𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 (wrikan).

Ulfr glęypa / mun Aldafǫðr,
þess mun Víðarr vreka;
kalda kjapta / hann klyfja mun
vitnis vígi at.
The wolf will swallow the father of men <= Óðinn>; Víðarr will avenge that. The cold jaws he will cleave at the fight with the wolf.

800s, Anonymous, Vafþrúðnismǫ́l (‘the speeches of Vafþrúðnir’), stanza 2


mjór

Icelandic: mjór, mjár, mær

Faroese: mjáur

Norwegian Nynorsk: mjå

Norwegian Bokmål: mjå

From Proto-Germanic *maiwaz (“slim, narrow”).


hór

hórs (genitive)
hór (indefinite nominative singular)
hórit (definite nominative singular)
hór (indefinite nominative plural)
hórin (definite nominative plural)
hór (accusative indefinite singular)
hórit (accusative definite singular)
hór (accusative indefinite plural)
hórin (accusative definite plural)
hóri (dative indefinite singular)
hórinu (dative definite singular)
hórum (dative indefinite plural)
hórunum (dative definite plural)
hórs (genitive indefinite singular)
hórsins (definite genitive singular)
hóra (genitive indefinite plural)
hóranna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

hór

Icelandic: hór

Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: hor

Norwegian Nynorsk: hor

Old Swedish: hōr

Swedish: hor

Danish: hor

From Proto-Germanic *hōrą. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“desire, wish”).


hór

Icelandic: hór


jós

first/third-person singular indicative past of ausa


fúss

non-adj

fúss (comparative fúsari, superlative fúsastr)

fúsari (comparative)
fúsastr (superlative)

Icelandic: fús

Faroese: fúsur

Norwegian Nynorsk: fus

Norwegian Bokmål: fus

Swedish: fus (dialectal)

Danish: fus

From Proto-Germanic *funsaz, whence also Old English fūs, Old Saxon fūs, Old High German funs.


Áki

Icelandic: Áki

Faroese: Áki

Swedish: Åke

Danish: Aage, Åge

→ Norwegian: Åge

→ Finnish: Aake

From a diminutive of Proto-Norse *ᚨᚾᚢᛉ (*anuʀ, “ancestor”), from Proto-Germanic *anô (as in the first part of the name Óláfr).


Guðrún

Danish: Gudrun

Faroese: Guðrun

Icelandic: Guðrún

Norwegian: Gudrun, Guro

Swedish: Gudrun

Probably a mix of two originally distinct names, both with the latter part rún (“rune, secret, confidante”): Guðrún, Goðrún, from guð (“god”) (Proto-Germanic *Gudarūnō) and (perhaps more common) *Gunnrún, Guðrún, from gunnr, guðr (“battle”) (Proto-Germanic *Gunþarūnō), with the regular sound change -nnr- > -ðr-. The latter is evidenced by the Icelandic short form Gunna.
A heroine of several Norse legends, identical to Kriemhild in the German Nibelungenlied.


þind

Faroese: tind

Icelandic: þind


rerum

first-person plural past indicative active of róa


blána

non-conj-blank-active

Conjugation of blána — active (weak class 2)

Conjugation of blána — mediopassive (weak class 2)

non-conj-table

blána (infinitive)
blánandi (participle present)
blánaðr (participle past)
blána (first-person indicative present singular)
blánaða (first-person indicative past singular)
blána (first-person present singular subjunctive)
blánaða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
blánar (indicative present second-person singular)
blánaðir (indicative past second-person singular)
blánir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
blánaðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
blánar (indicative present singular third-person)
blánaði (indicative past singular third-person)
bláni (present singular subjunctive third-person)
blánaði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
blánum (first-person indicative plural present)
blánuðum (first-person indicative past plural)
blánim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
blánaðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
blánið (indicative plural present second-person)
blánuðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
blánið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
blánaðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
blána (indicative plural present third-person)
blánuðu (indicative past plural third-person)
bláni (plural present subjunctive third-person)
blánaði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
blána (present second-person singular)
blánum (first-person plural present)
blánið (plural present second-person)

Faroese: blána

Icelandic: blána

Norwegian Nynorsk: blåna, blåne

Norwegian Bokmål: blåne


mól

first/third-person singular past active indicative of mala


kveld

kvelds (genitive)
kveld (plural)
kveld (indefinite nominative singular)
kveldit (definite nominative singular)
kveld (indefinite nominative plural)
kveldin (definite nominative plural)
kveld (accusative indefinite singular)
kveldit (accusative definite singular)
kveld (accusative indefinite plural)
kveldin (accusative definite plural)
kveldi (dative indefinite singular)
kveldinu (dative definite singular)
kveldum (dative indefinite plural)
kveldunum (dative definite plural)
kvelds (genitive indefinite singular)
kveldsins (definite genitive singular)
kvelda (genitive indefinite plural)
kveldanna (definite genitive plural)
kveldr (alternative)
kvøld (alternative)

non-decl-blank-full

kveld

Icelandic: kveld n, kvöld n

Faroese: kvøld n

Norwegian Bokmål: kveld m

Norwegian Nynorsk: kveld m

desc

Old Swedish: quälder m, quäld n, quöld n

Swedish: kväll c, in dialects also kväller c, kvöld n

Old Danish: kwæld

Danish: kvæld c (before and in dialects also n)

From Proto-Germanic *kweldą, *kwildiz. Akin to Old English cwild (“downfall, death”), cwyldtīd (“evening”), Old High German quiltiwerc (“evening work”), dialectal German Kilt. Originally literally “the quelling [of day]”, and exists also in the form kveld dags, usually with the preposition at: at kveldi dags (originally literally “at the end or quelling of the day”, hence “in the evening”). Related to kvelja, Old English cwellan, English quell, kill.


steli

third-person present subjunctive active of stela


tigna

positive degree strong feminine accusative singular

positive degree strong masculine accusative plural

positive degree weak masculine oblique singular

positive degree weak feminine nominative singular

inflection of tiginn:
positive degree weak neuter singular


tigna

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of tigna — active (weak class 2)

Conjugation of tigna — mediopassive (weak class 2)

non-conj-table

tigna (infinitive)
tignandi (participle present)
tignaðr (participle past)
tigna (first-person indicative present singular)
tignaða (first-person indicative past singular)
tigna (first-person present singular subjunctive)
tignaða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
tignar (indicative present second-person singular)
tignaðir (indicative past second-person singular)
tignir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
tignaðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
tignar (indicative present singular third-person)
tignaði (indicative past singular third-person)
tigni (present singular subjunctive third-person)
tignaði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
tignum (first-person indicative plural present)
tignuðum (first-person indicative past plural)
tignim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
tignaðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
tignið (indicative plural present second-person)
tignuðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
tignið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
tignaðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
tigna (indicative plural present third-person)
tignuðu (indicative past plural third-person)
tigni (plural present subjunctive third-person)
tignaði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
tigna (present second-person singular)
tignum (first-person plural present)
tignið (plural present second-person)
tignask (infinitive)
tignandisk (participle present)
tignazk (participle past)
tignumk (first-person indicative present singular)
tignuðumk (first-person indicative past singular)
tignumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
tignuðumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
tignask (indicative present second-person singular)
tignaðisk (indicative past second-person singular)
tignisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
tignaðisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
tignask (indicative present singular third-person)
tignaðisk (indicative past singular third-person)
tignisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
tignaðisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
tignumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
tignuðumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
tignimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
tignaðimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
tignizk (indicative plural present second-person)
tignuðuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
tignizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
tignaðizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
tignask (indicative plural present third-person)
tignuðusk (indicative past plural third-person)
tignisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
tignaðisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
tignask (present second-person singular)
tignumsk (first-person plural present)
tignizk (plural present second-person)

Icelandic: tigna


hreyfa

Faroese: royva

Icelandic: hreyfa

Norwegian (nynorsk): røyve


deyfa

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of deyfa — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of deyfa — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

deyfa (infinitive)
deyfandi (participle present)
deyfðr (participle past)
deyfi (first-person indicative present singular)
deyfða (first-person indicative past singular)
deyfa (first-person present singular subjunctive)
deyfða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
deyfir (indicative present second-person singular)
deyfðir (indicative past second-person singular)
deyfir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
deyfðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
deyfir (indicative present singular third-person)
deyfði (indicative past singular third-person)
deyfi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
deyfði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
deyfum (first-person indicative plural present)
deyfðum (first-person indicative past plural)
deyfim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
deyfðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
deyfið (indicative plural present second-person)
deyfðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
deyfið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
deyfðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
deyfa (indicative plural present third-person)
deyfðu (indicative past plural third-person)
deyfi (plural present subjunctive third-person)
deyfði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
deyf (present second-person singular)
deyfi (present second-person singular)
deyfum (first-person plural present)
deyfið (plural present second-person)
deyfask (infinitive)
deyfandisk (participle present)
deyfzk (participle past)
deyfumk (first-person indicative present singular)
deyfðumk (first-person indicative past singular)
deyfumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
deyfðumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
deyfisk (indicative present second-person singular)
deyfðisk (indicative past second-person singular)
deyfisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
deyfðisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
deyfisk (indicative present singular third-person)
deyfðisk (indicative past singular third-person)
deyfisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
deyfðisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
deyfumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
deyfðumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
deyfimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
deyfðimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
deyfizk (indicative plural present second-person)
deyfðuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
deyfizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
deyfðizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
deyfask (indicative plural present third-person)
deyfðusk (indicative past plural third-person)
deyfisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
deyfðisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
deyfsk (present second-person singular)
deyfisk (present second-person singular)
deyfumsk (first-person plural present)
deyfizk (plural present second-person)

Icelandic: deyfa

Faroese: doyva

Norwegian Nynorsk: døyva

→ Norwegian Bokmål: døyve


skaut

Possibly from Proto-Germanic *skautaz m (“corner, wedge”), from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kewd- (“to throw, shoot, pursue, rush”). Related to skjóta. Cognates include English sheet.


feitr

non-adj

feitr (comparative feitari, superlative feitastr)

feitari (comparative)
feitastr (superlative)

Icelandic: feitur

Faroese: feitur

Norwegian Nynorsk: feit

→ Norwegian Bokmål: feit

Old Swedish: fēter
Swedish: fet

Danish: fed

Norwegian Bokmål: fet

From Proto-Germanic *faitaz, whence also, Old Frisian fāt, Old Saxon feit, Middle Low German vēt, Middle High German veiz (Early High German feiß, now replaced by fett).


skak

non-decl-blank-full

skak

skak (indefinite nominative singular)
skakit (definite nominative singular)
skǫk (indefinite nominative plural)
skǫkin (definite nominative plural)
skak (accusative indefinite singular)
skakit (accusative definite singular)
skǫk (accusative indefinite plural)
skǫkin (accusative definite plural)
skaki (dative indefinite singular)
skakinu (dative definite singular)
skǫkum (dative indefinite plural)
skǫkunum (dative definite plural)
skaks (genitive indefinite singular)
skaksins (definite genitive singular)
skaka (genitive indefinite plural)
skakanna (definite genitive plural)


skak

second-person singular imperative of skaka


gýgr

gýgjar (genitive)
gýgjar (plural)
gýgr (indefinite nominative singular)
gýgrin (definite nominative singular)
gýgjar (indefinite nominative plural)
gýgjarnar (definite nominative plural)
gýgi (accusative indefinite singular)
gýgina (accusative definite singular)
gýgjar (accusative indefinite plural)
gýgjarnar (accusative definite plural)
gýgi (dative indefinite singular)
gýginni (dative definite singular)
gýgjum (dative indefinite plural)
gýgjunum (dative definite plural)
gýgjar (genitive indefinite singular)
gýgjarinnar (definite genitive singular)
gýgja (genitive indefinite plural)
gýgjanna (definite genitive plural)

gýgr

Icelandic: gýgur

Faroese: gýggja

Norwegian: gyger, gygr; (dialectal) gyvr

→ Danish: gyger, gygre

Norwegian Bokmål: gyger, gygre

Uncertain origin. According to Pokorny, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeugʰ-, *gʰūgʰ- (“to hide, conceal”), see also Sanskrit गूहति (gūhati, “to conceal”), Persian آغل (“penfold”).


bergrisi

non-noun

bergrisi m (genitive bergrisa, plural bergrisar)

From berg (“mountain”) + risi (“giant”). Cognate with Dutch bergreus (“mountain giant”) and German Bergriese (“mountain giant”).


hrímþurs

hrímþurs m (genitive hrímþurs, plural hrímþursar)


þurs

þurs (genitive)
þursar (plural)
þurs (indefinite nominative singular)
þursinn (definite nominative singular)
þursar (indefinite nominative plural)
þursarnir (definite nominative plural)
þurs (accusative indefinite singular)
þursinn (accusative definite singular)
þursa (accusative indefinite plural)
þursana (accusative definite plural)
þursi (dative indefinite singular)
þursinum (dative definite singular)
þursum (dative indefinite plural)
þursunum (dative definite plural)
þurs (genitive indefinite singular)
þursins (definite genitive singular)
þursa (genitive indefinite plural)
þursanna (definite genitive plural)
þuss (alternative)

non-decl-blank-full

þurs

Icelandic: þurs

Faroese: tussur

Norwegian Nynorsk: tuss, tusse

Norwegian Bokmål: tuss, tusse

Swedish: tuss, tusse (dialectal)

Old Danish: tusse, tosse

Danish: tosse

→ Scottish Gaelic: tursa

9th century West Norse, 12th century Icelandic

From Proto-Germanic *þursaz, *þurisaz (“giant, name of the Þ-rune”). Cognate with Old English þyrs, Old Saxon thuris, Old High German durs, duris. See also Finnish turisas, Tursas, turso. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tur-, *twer- (“to rotate, twirl, swirl, move”).

[…] unz þrjár kvámu / þursa meyjar […]

Vǫluspá, verse 8, lines 5-6, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 2

[…] until three came / giant-maidens […]

(Norse mythology) a giant, ogre, monster

[…] en þursinn heimskr þegja hlýtr, […]

Heilræðavísur, in 1933, H. Pétursson, Heilræði Hallgríms Péturssonar

[…] but a stupid dunce must remain silent, […]


íviðja

non-noun

íviðja f (genitive íviðju, plural íviðjur)

íviðju (genitive)
íviðjur (plural)
íviðja (indefinite nominative singular)
íviðjan (definite nominative singular)
íviðjur (indefinite nominative plural)
íviðjurnar (definite nominative plural)
íviðju (accusative indefinite singular)
íviðjuna (accusative definite singular)
íviðjur (accusative indefinite plural)
íviðjurnar (accusative definite plural)
íviðju (dative indefinite singular)
íviðjunni (dative definite singular)
íviðjum (dative indefinite plural)
íviðjunum (dative definite plural)
íviðju (genitive indefinite singular)
íviðjunnar (definite genitive singular)
íviðja (genitive indefinite plural)
íviðjanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

íviðja

/ˈĩːˌwið.jɑ/

Of obscure origin and meaning. Some sources propose derivation from *í-viðr, thus meaning "one in the woods", while others suggest connection to Old Saxon inwid (“fraud, wickedness”), Old High German inwit (“deceit, cunning”).

cog

Níu man ek heima,
níu íviðjur … (This word in Codex Regius has previously been read as iviþi, which is normalized to íviði, but later investigations has shown it in fact does say iviþiur. Hauksbók has uidiur, which Björnsson normalizes to íviðjur.)

Nine worlds I remember,
nine giantesses …

(hapax legomenon, Norse mythology) a word of unclear meaning, often taken to mean giantess or ogress


vrak

first/third-person singular past active indicative of vreka


blindan

strong masculine accusative singular of blindr


nár

Icelandic: nár

Norwegian Nynorsk: nåe

Norwegian Bokmål: nåe

From Proto-Germanic *nawiz, whence also Gothic 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍃 (naus, “corpse”).


Óðinn

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Óðinn

Óðinn (indefinite nominative)
Óðin (accusative indefinite)
Óðni (dative indefinite)
Óðins (genitive indefinite)
ᚢᚦᛁᚾ (alternative)
ᚮᚦᛂᚾ (alternative)

Icelandic: Óðinn

Faroese: Óðin

Norwegian Nynorsk: Oden, ons- (< Óðins), Odin

Old Swedish: Ōþin, Ōdhen, Ōdhin

Swedish: Oden

Old Danish: Odhen

Scanian: Óðen, Nóðen

Danish: Oden

→ Danish: Odin

Norwegian Bokmål: Odin

→ Old English: Ōþen, Ōðon, Ōwðen

→ English: Odin

→ Japanese: オーディン (Ōdin)

→ Chinese: 奧丁 /奥丁 (Àodīng)

→ Latin: Ōthinus, Ōdinus, Ōthin

Italian: Odino

→ Portuguese: Ódin

→ Spanish: Odín

→ German: Odin

→ French: Odin

→ Swedish: Odin

→ Finnish: Odin

→ Russian: О́дин (Ódin)

From Proto-Norse ᚹᛟᛞᛁᚾᛦ (wodinʀ), ᚹᛟᛞᛁᚾᚨᛉ (wodinaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *Wōdanaz, whence also Old English Wōden, Old Saxon Wōden, Old High German Wuotan, Wodan. Related to the adjective óðr, literally meaning “the mad one”.

Ǫnd þau né átto, óð þau né hǫfðo,
lá né læti né lito góða.
Ǫnd gaf Óðinn, óð gaf Hœnir,
lá gaf Lóðurr ok lito góða.

Spirit they possessed not, sense they had not,
blood nor motive powers, nor goodly colour.
Spirit gave Odin, sense gave Hœnir,
blood gave Lodur, and goodly colour.


farra

inflection of farri:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of farri:
dative/genitive singular


yðvarr

yðvarr (masculine nominative singular)
yður (feminine nominative singular)
yðvart (neuter nominative singular)
yðvarn (accusative masculine singular)
yðra (accusative feminine singular)
yðvart (accusative neuter singular)
yðrum (dative masculine singular)
yðvarri (dative feminine singular)
yðru (dative neuter singular)
yðvars (genitive masculine singular)
yðvarrar (feminine genitive singular)
yðvars (genitive neuter singular)
yðrir (masculine nominative plural)
yðrar (feminine nominative plural)
yður (neuter nominative plural)
yðra (accusative masculine plural)
yðrar (accusative feminine plural)
yður (accusative neuter plural)
yðrum (dative masculine plural)
yðrum (dative feminine plural)
yðrum (dative neuter plural)
yðvarra (genitive masculine plural)
yðvarra (feminine genitive plural)
yðvarra (genitive neuter plural)
iðwarr (alternative)
yðarr (alternative)

Icelandic: yðar, yðvar

Norwegian Bokmål: deres

Old Swedish: iþar, idhar

Swedish: edar, eder, er

Danish: jeres, eders

From Proto-Germanic *izweraz, whence also Old English ēower, Old Saxon and Old High German iuwar, Gothic 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰𐍂 (izwar).

the possessive pronoun corresponding to the personal pronoun ér, þér; your, yours (plural)


Freyr

Freyr

Freyr (indefinite nominative)
Frey (accusative indefinite)
Frey (dative indefinite)
Freys (genitive indefinite)

Icelandic: Freyr

→ Swedish: Frej (learned)

→ Danish: Frej (learned)

Faroese: Froyur

Norwegian: Frøy

Old Swedish: *Frø̄

Swedish: Frö

Old Danish: Frø̄

Old Danish: Frø

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *frawjô (“Lord”), via alternative form *frawjaz (transferred to a-stem declension). Originally an epithet of Yngvi (cognate with Old English Ing), as seen in Yngvi-Freyr (“Lord Yngvi”). Compare Freyja.

inh+

[…] folkmýgi lát flœja,
Freyr ok Njǫrðr, af jǫrðum,
leiðisk lofða stríði,
landôss, þanns vé grandar.
Freyr and Njǫrðr, let the people-oppressor flee from his lands; may the land-áss [= Þórr] come to loathe the tormentor of men, the one who damages sanctuaries.

c. 930, Egill Skallagrímsson, loose verse 21

Mér skyli Freyr ok Freyja,
fjǫrð lætk ǫðul Njarðar,
líknisk grǫm við Grímni,
gramr, ok Þór enn ramma; […]
Freyr and Freyja, and Þórr the strong, must be angry with me; last year I forsook the inheritance of Njǫrðr; may the fiends ask Grímnir <= Óðinn> for mercy.

995-1000, Hallfreðr vandræðaskald Óttarsson, loose verse 9

Freyr, a god associated with kingship and virility


samar

strong feminine nominative/accusative plural of samr


samar

feminine nominative/accusative plural of samr


skar

first/third-person singular past indicative active of skera


fogl

non-decl-blank-full

fogl

fogl (indefinite nominative singular)
foglinn (definite nominative singular)
foglar (indefinite nominative plural)
foglarnir (definite nominative plural)
fogl (accusative indefinite singular)
foglinn (accusative definite singular)
fogla (accusative indefinite plural)
foglana (accusative definite plural)
fogli (dative indefinite singular)
foglinum (dative definite singular)
foglum (dative indefinite plural)
foglunum (dative definite plural)
fogls (genitive indefinite singular)
foglsins (definite genitive singular)
fogla (genitive indefinite plural)
foglanna (definite genitive plural)
fugl (alternative)

Icelandic: fugl

Faroese: fuglur

Norn: fugl, ful

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: fugl; (dialectal) fogl, føgl, faugl

Jamtish: fugł

Elfdalian: fugel

desctree

Old Swedish: fughl, foghl, ᚠᚢᚵᚼᛚ
Swedish: fågel, fogel
→ Finnish: fogeli (Helsinki)

Old Danish: fughl

Danish: fugl

Norwegian Bokmål: fugl

Scanian: fuğl

Gutnish: fäugel

From Proto-Germanic *fuglaz, whence also Old English fugol (English fowl), Old Frisian fugel (West Frisian fûgel), Old Saxon fugal (Low German Vagel), Old Dutch fogal (Dutch vogel), Old High German fogal (German Vogel), Gothic 𐍆𐌿𐌲𐌻𐍃 (fugls).


skari

skara (genitive)
skari (indefinite nominative singular)
skarinn (definite nominative singular)
skarar (indefinite nominative plural)
skararnir (definite nominative plural)
skara (accusative indefinite singular)
skarann (accusative definite singular)
skara (accusative indefinite plural)
skarana (accusative definite plural)
skara (dative indefinite singular)
skaranum (dative definite singular)
skǫrum (dative indefinite plural)
skǫrunum (dative definite plural)
skara (genitive indefinite singular)
skarans (definite genitive singular)
skara (genitive indefinite plural)
skaranna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

skari

Icelandic: skari

Norwegian Nynorsk: skare

Norwegian Bokmål: skare

Danish: skare

Swedish: skara

Likely borrowed from Middle Low German schāre, from Old Saxon scara, from Proto-West Germanic *skaru, from Proto-Germanic *skarō. Doublet of skǫr f. Akin to English share.


fórum

first-person plural past active indicative of fara


vell

vell

vell (indefinite nominative singular)
vellit (definite nominative singular)
vell (indefinite nominative plural)
vellin (definite nominative plural)
vell (accusative indefinite singular)
vellit (accusative definite singular)
vell (accusative indefinite plural)
vellin (accusative definite plural)
velli (dative indefinite singular)
vellinu (dative definite singular)
vellum (dative indefinite plural)
vellunum (dative definite plural)
vells (genitive indefinite singular)
vellsins (definite genitive singular)
vella (genitive indefinite plural)
vellanna (definite genitive plural)


vell

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

first-person singular present indicative

inflection of vella:
second-person singular imperative


marr

marr

marr

marr (indefinite nominative singular)
marrinn (definite nominative singular)
marar (indefinite nominative plural)
mararnir (definite nominative plural)
mar (accusative indefinite singular)
marinn (accusative definite singular)
mara (accusative indefinite plural)
marana (accusative definite plural)
mari (dative indefinite singular)
marinum (dative definite singular)
mǫrum (dative indefinite plural)
mǫrunum (dative definite plural)
mars (genitive indefinite singular)
marsins (definite genitive singular)
mara (genitive indefinite plural)
maranna (definite genitive plural)
marr (indefinite nominative singular)
marrinn (definite nominative singular)
marir (indefinite nominative plural)
marirnir (definite nominative plural)
mar (accusative indefinite singular)
marinn (accusative definite singular)
mari (accusative indefinite plural)
marina (accusative definite plural)
mar (dative indefinite singular)
marinum (dative definite singular)
mǫrum (dative indefinite plural)
mǫrunum (dative definite plural)
mars (genitive indefinite singular)
marsins (definite genitive singular)
mara (genitive indefinite plural)
maranna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: mar

From Proto-Germanic *marhaz (“horse”). Compare Old English mearh, Old Frisian mar, Old High German marah, Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌷𐍃 (marhs).


marr

Faroese: marur

Icelandic: mar

Norwegian Bokmål: mar (in compounds)

Norwegian Nynorsk: mar (in compounds)

→ Old French: mare

Middle French: mare

French: mare

Swedish: mar (in compounds)

→ Scots: mar

Old Danish: mær

Danish: mar, mor (in compounds)

From Proto-Germanic *mari (“sea”), from Proto-Indo-European *móri. Compare Old English mere (English mere), Old Frisian mere (West Frisian mar), Old Saxon meri (Low German Meer), Dutch meer, Old High German meri (German Meer).


fati

third-person present subjunctive active of fata


eðr

Icelandic: eður

Related to Old English oþerg, oþþe, eþþa, Old Saxon ettho, Old High German odar, odo, Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌿 (aiþþau).


gabba

Icelandic: gabba

→ Old French: gaber, gaiber, jaber

Middle French: gaber

French: gaber

From Proto-Germanic *gapponą, *gabbōną (“to joke”), probably related to *gapōną (“to gape”). See Dutch gapen (“to gape”).


speni

spena (genitive)
speni (indefinite nominative singular)
speninn (definite nominative singular)
spenar (indefinite nominative plural)
spenarnir (definite nominative plural)
spena (accusative indefinite singular)
spenann (accusative definite singular)
spena (accusative indefinite plural)
spenana (accusative definite plural)
spena (dative indefinite singular)
spenanum (dative definite singular)
spenum (dative indefinite plural)
spenunum (dative definite plural)
spena (genitive indefinite singular)
spenans (definite genitive singular)
spena (genitive indefinite plural)
spenanna (definite genitive plural)

speni

Icelandic: speni

Faroese: spini (“teat; penis”)

Norwegian Bokmål: spene

Norwegian Nynorsk: spene

Swedish: spene, späne

Danish: spene


and-

Icelandic: and-

Faroese: and-

Norwegian Nynorsk: and-

Norwegian Bokmål: and-

From Proto-Germanic *anda-, *andi-. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“face, forehead, front”).

inh

and- + vitni (“testimony”) → andvitni (“contradictory testimony”)

denotes whatever is opposite, against, towards


stykki

stykkis (genitive)
stykki (indefinite nominative singular)
stykkit (definite nominative singular)
stykki (indefinite nominative plural)
stykkin (definite nominative plural)
stykki (accusative indefinite singular)
stykkit (accusative definite singular)
stykki (accusative indefinite plural)
stykkin (accusative definite plural)
stykki (dative indefinite singular)
stykkinu (dative definite singular)
stykkjum (dative indefinite plural)
stykkjunum (dative definite plural)
stykkis (genitive indefinite singular)
stykkisins (definite genitive singular)
stykkja (genitive indefinite plural)
stykkjanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

stykki

Faroese: stykki

Icelandic: stykki

Norwegian Nynorsk: stykke

Norwegian Bokmål: stykke

desc

Old Swedish: stykke, stikke, stykkie, stökke

Swedish: stycke

Danish: stykke


lézt

second-person singular past active indicative of láta


ǫrn

non-noun

ǫrn m (genitive arnar, dative erni, plural ernir)

arnar (genitive)
erni (dative)
ernir (plural)
ǫrn (indefinite nominative singular)
ǫrninn (definite nominative singular)
ernir (indefinite nominative plural)
ernirnir (definite nominative plural)
ǫrn (accusative indefinite singular)
ǫrninn (accusative definite singular)
ǫrnu (accusative indefinite plural)
ǫrnuna (accusative definite plural)
erni (dative indefinite singular)
erninum (dative definite singular)
ǫrnum (dative indefinite plural)
ǫrnunum (dative definite plural)
arnar (genitive indefinite singular)
arnarins (definite genitive singular)
arna (genitive indefinite plural)
arnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

ǫrn

Icelandic: örn

Faroese: ørn

Norwegian Nynorsk: ørn

Elfdalian: örn

Old Swedish: ørn

Swedish: örn

Old Danish: ørn

Danish: ørn

Norwegian Bokmål: ørn

Scanian: ǫrn

Gutnish: ann, örn

From Proto-Germanic *arô, whence also Old English earn (English erne), Old Saxon arn.


mǫgr

magar (genitive)
megir (plural)
mǫgr (indefinite nominative singular)
mǫgrinn (definite nominative singular)
megir (indefinite nominative plural)
megirnir (definite nominative plural)
mǫg (accusative indefinite singular)
mǫginn (accusative definite singular)
mǫgu (accusative indefinite plural)
mǫguna (accusative definite plural)
megi (dative indefinite singular)
meginum (dative definite singular)
mǫgum (dative indefinite plural)
mǫgunum (dative definite plural)
magar (genitive indefinite singular)
magarins (definite genitive singular)
maga (genitive indefinite plural)
maganna (definite genitive plural)
ᛘᛅᚴᚢᛦ (alternative)

mǫgr

Icelandic: mögur

From Proto-Norse *ᛗᚨᚷᚢᛉ (*maguʀ, “boy, son”) (attested in the accusative and genitive singular), from Proto-Germanic *maguz (“boy”). Cognate with Old English magu, Old Saxon magu, Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍃 (magus). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mogʰus (“boy”).

lb

[…] meiri ok minni / mǫgu Heimdallar; […]

Vǫluspá, verse 1, lines 3-4, in 1867, S. Bugge, Norrœn fornkvæði: Sæmundar Edda hins fróða. Christiania, page 1

[…] greater and smaller / sons of Heimdall; […]


trjóna

trjónu (genitive)
trjóna (indefinite nominative singular)
trjónan (definite nominative singular)
trjónur (indefinite nominative plural)
trjónurnar (definite nominative plural)
trjónu (accusative indefinite singular)
trjónuna (accusative definite singular)
trjónur (accusative indefinite plural)
trjónurnar (accusative definite plural)
trjónu (dative indefinite singular)
trjónunni (dative definite singular)
trjónum (dative indefinite plural)
trjónunum (dative definite plural)
trjónu (genitive indefinite singular)
trjónunnar (definite genitive singular)
trjónna (genitive indefinite plural)
trjónnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

trjóna

Icelandic: trjóna

From Proto-Germanic *treunǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to split, separate, flay”), see also English tear.


goti

non-decl-blank-full

goti

goti (indefinite nominative singular)
gotinn (definite nominative singular)
gotnar (indefinite nominative plural)
gotnarnir (definite nominative plural)
gota (accusative indefinite singular)
gotann (accusative definite singular)
gotna (accusative indefinite plural)
gotnana (accusative definite plural)
gota (dative indefinite singular)
gotanum (dative definite singular)
gotnum (dative indefinite plural)
gotnumnum (dative definite plural)
gota (genitive indefinite singular)
gotans (definite genitive singular)
gotna (genitive indefinite plural)
gotnanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: Goti

Faroese: goti

Norwegian Nynorsk: gote

Old Swedish: guti (pl. gutar, gotar)

Swedish: gute, got (in Gotland)

Danish: guter pl, gote, goter

Norwegian Bokmål: goter

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: gotar

Old Gutnish: gutar pl

→ Finnish: gootti

[…]frǫ́gu frǿknan / ef fjǫr vildi

They asked the bold one if he, the prince of the Gots, would wish to buy his life with gold.

[…]sitiʀ nú garwʀ / á gota sínum
skealdi um fatlaðʀ / skati mǽringa.

Now he sits ready on his steed with his shield strapped, the prince of the Mærings.

Svá beit þá sverð / ór siklings hendi
váðir Váfaðar, / sem í vatn brygði.
Brǫkuðu broddar, / brotnuðu skildir,
glumruðu gylfringar / í gotna hausum.
Then the sword in the sovereign’s hand bit the garments of Váfuðr <=Óðinn> [ARMOUR], as if it were cutting through water. Points clanged, shields burst, swords clattered in the skulls of men.

10th c., Eyvindr skáldaspillir Finnsson, Hákonarmál, verse 5


systur

accusative/dative/genitive singular of systir


hryggja

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of hryggja — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of hryggja — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

hryggja (infinitive)
hryggjandi (participle present)
hrygðr (participle past)
hryggi (first-person indicative present singular)
hrygða (first-person indicative past singular)
hryggja (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hrygða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
hryggir (indicative present second-person singular)
hrygðir (indicative past second-person singular)
hryggir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hrygðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
hryggir (indicative present singular third-person)
hrygði (indicative past singular third-person)
hryggi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hrygði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
hryggjum (first-person indicative plural present)
hrygðum (first-person indicative past plural)
hryggim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hrygðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
hryggið (indicative plural present second-person)
hrygðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
hryggið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hrygðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
hryggja (indicative plural present third-person)
hrygðu (indicative past plural third-person)
hryggi (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hrygði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
hrygg (present second-person singular)
hryggi (present second-person singular)
hryggjum (first-person plural present)
hryggið (plural present second-person)
hryggjask (infinitive)
hryggjandisk (participle present)
hrygzk (participle past)
hryggjumk (first-person indicative present singular)
hrygðumk (first-person indicative past singular)
hryggjumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hrygðumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
hryggisk (indicative present second-person singular)
hrygðisk (indicative past second-person singular)
hryggisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hrygðisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
hryggisk (indicative present singular third-person)
hrygðisk (indicative past singular third-person)
hryggisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hrygðisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
hryggjumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
hrygðumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
hryggimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hrygðimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
hryggizk (indicative plural present second-person)
hrygðuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
hryggizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hrygðizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
hryggjask (indicative plural present third-person)
hrygðusk (indicative past plural third-person)
hryggisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hrygðisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
hrygsk (present second-person singular)
hryggisk (present second-person singular)
hryggjumsk (first-person plural present)
hryggizk (plural present second-person)
hryggva (alternative)

Icelandic: hryggja

Faroese: ryggja

Norwegian Nynorsk: ryggja

From Proto-Germanic *hrewwaną, *hriwwijaną.

to distress, to grieve [with accusative]


bryggja

bryggju (genitive)
bryggja (indefinite nominative singular)
bryggjan (definite nominative singular)
bryggjur (indefinite nominative plural)
bryggjurnar (definite nominative plural)
bryggju (accusative indefinite singular)
bryggjuna (accusative definite singular)
bryggjur (accusative indefinite plural)
bryggjurnar (accusative definite plural)
bryggju (dative indefinite singular)
bryggjunni (dative definite singular)
bryggjum (dative indefinite plural)
bryggjunum (dative definite plural)
bryggju (genitive indefinite singular)
bryggjunnar (definite genitive singular)
bryggna (genitive indefinite plural)
bryggnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

bryggja

Icelandic: bryggja

Faroese: bryggja

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: brygge, bryggje, brygga, bryggja

Norwegian Bokmål: brygge

desctree

Old Swedish: bryggia, ᛒᚱᛦᚵᚵᛁᛆ
Swedish: brygga

Danish: brygge

→ Middle English: brig, brigg, bryg, bregg
Scots: brig, brigg, breeg
→ English: brig, brigg

From Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ, whence also English bridge.


svella

head

svella (singular past indicative svall, plural past indicative sullu, past participle sollinn)

svall (indicative past singular)
sullu (indicative past plural)
sollinn (participle past)
svella (infinitive)
svellandi (participle present)
sollinn (participle past)
svell (first-person indicative present singular)
svall (first-person indicative past singular)
svella (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sylla (first-person past singular subjunctive)
svellr (indicative present second-person singular)
svallt (indicative past second-person singular)
svellir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
syllir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
svellr (indicative present singular third-person)
svall (indicative past singular third-person)
svelli (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sylli (past singular subjunctive third-person)
svellum (first-person indicative plural present)
sullum (first-person indicative past plural)
svellim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
syllim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
svellið (indicative plural present second-person)
sulluð (indicative past plural second-person)
svellið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
syllið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
svella (indicative plural present third-person)
sullu (indicative past plural third-person)
svelli (plural present subjunctive third-person)
sylli (past plural subjunctive third-person)
svell (present second-person singular)
svellum (first-person plural present)
svellið (plural present second-person)
svellask (infinitive)
svellandisk (participle present)
sollizk (participle past)
svellumk (first-person indicative present singular)
sullumk (first-person indicative past singular)
svellumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
syllumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
svellsk (indicative present second-person singular)
svallzk (indicative past second-person singular)
svellisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
syllisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
svellsk (indicative present singular third-person)
svallsk (indicative past singular third-person)
svellisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
syllisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
svellumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
sullumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
svellimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
syllimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
svellizk (indicative plural present second-person)
sulluzk (indicative past plural second-person)
svellizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
syllizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
svellask (indicative plural present third-person)
sullusk (indicative past plural third-person)
svellisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
syllisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
svellsk (present second-person singular)
svellumsk (first-person plural present)
svellizk (plural present second-person)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of svella — active (strong􂀽 class 3)

Conjugation of svella — mediopassive (strong􂀽 class 3)

non-conj-table

Icelandic: svella

Norwegian Nynorsk: svella, svelle

Norwegian Bokmål: svelle

Old Swedish: svælla

Swedish: svälla

From Proto-Germanic *swellaną (“to swell”).


þorri

Faroese: torri m

Icelandic: þorri m

Norwegian Nynorsk: torre m, Norwegian Nynorsk: terre m


hrína

head

hrína (singular past indicative hrein, plural past indicative hrinu, past participle hrininn)

hrein (indicative past singular)
hrinu (indicative past plural)
hrininn (participle past)
hrína (infinitive)
hrínandi (participle present)
hrininn (participle past)
hrín (first-person indicative present singular)
hrein (first-person indicative past singular)
hrína (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hrina (first-person past singular subjunctive)
hrínn (indicative present second-person singular)
hreint (indicative past second-person singular)
hrínir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hrinir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
hrínn (indicative present singular third-person)
hrein (indicative past singular third-person)
hríni (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hrini (past singular subjunctive third-person)
hrínum (first-person indicative plural present)
hrinum (first-person indicative past plural)
hrínim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hrinim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
hrínið (indicative plural present second-person)
hrinuð (indicative past plural second-person)
hrínið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hrinið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
hrína (indicative plural present third-person)
hrinu (indicative past plural third-person)
hríni (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hrini (past plural subjunctive third-person)
hrín (present second-person singular)
hrínum (first-person plural present)
hrínið (plural present second-person)
hrínask (infinitive)
hrínandisk (participle present)
hrinizk (participle past)
hrínumk (first-person indicative present singular)
hrinumk (first-person indicative past singular)
hrínumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hrinumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
hrínsk (indicative present second-person singular)
hreinzk (indicative past second-person singular)
hrínisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hrinisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
hrínsk (indicative present singular third-person)
hreinsk (indicative past singular third-person)
hrínisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hrinisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
hrínumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
hrinumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
hrínimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hrinimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
hrínizk (indicative plural present second-person)
hrinuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
hrínizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hrinizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
hrínask (indicative plural present third-person)
hrinusk (indicative past plural third-person)
hrínisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hrinisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
hrínsk (present second-person singular)
hrínumsk (first-person plural present)
hrínizk (plural present second-person)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of hrína — active (strong􂀽 class 1)

Conjugation of hrína — mediopassive (strong􂀽 class 1)

non-conj-table

Icelandic: hrína

Faroese: rína

Norwegian:

Norwegian Nynorsk: rine

Norwegian Bokmål: rine (weak)


grœnn

non-adj

grœnn (comparative grœnni, superlative grœnstr)

grœnni (comparative)
grœnstr (superlative)


hverr

non-decl-blank-full

hverr

hverr (indefinite nominative singular)
hverrinn (definite nominative singular)
hverar (indefinite nominative plural)
hverarnir (definite nominative plural)
hver (accusative indefinite singular)
hverinn (accusative definite singular)
hvera (accusative indefinite plural)
hverana (accusative definite plural)
hveri (dative indefinite singular)
hverinum (dative definite singular)
hverum (dative indefinite plural)
hverunum (dative definite plural)
hvers (genitive indefinite singular)
hversins (definite genitive singular)
hvera (genitive indefinite plural)
hveranna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: hver m

From Proto-Germanic *hweraz, whence also Old English hwer and Old High German wer. Ultimately from the same root as Irish coire (“kettle, cauldron”), Welsh pair, Sanskrit चरु (carú), Russian чара (čara, “bowl”).


hverr

hver (feminine)
hvert (neuter)
hverr (masculine nominative singular)
hver (feminine nominative singular)
hvert (neuter nominative singular)
hvern (accusative masculine singular)
hverjan (accusative masculine singular)
hverja (accusative feminine singular)
hvert (accusative neuter singular)
hverjum (dative masculine singular)
hverri (dative feminine singular)
hverju (dative neuter singular)
hvers (genitive masculine singular)
hverrar (feminine genitive singular)
hvers (genitive neuter singular)
hverir (masculine nominative plural)
hverjar (feminine nominative plural)
hver (neuter nominative plural)
hverja (accusative masculine plural)
hverjar (accusative feminine plural)
hver (accusative neuter plural)
hverjum (dative masculine plural)
hverjum (dative feminine plural)
hverjum (dative neuter plural)
hverra (genitive masculine plural)
hverra (feminine genitive plural)
hverra (genitive neuter plural)

Icelandic: hver

Faroese: hvør

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: kvar, kven; (dialectal) kver

Old Swedish: hvar (acc. fem. hvaria)

Swedish: var, varje, (pre-1906 spelling) hvar, hvarje

Danish: hver

Norwegian Bokmål: hver

Old Gutnish: hwer

From Proto-Germanic *hwarjaz (“which, what (of many)”), *hwarjazuh (“each”), cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃 (ƕarjis, “which”), 𐍈𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐌶𐌿𐌷 (ƕarjizuh, “each”). The meaning "who", "which", rather comes from Proto-Germanic *hwaz; see *hver.

inh

Ek veit einn, · at aldrigi deyr:

I know one which never dies:
the fame of every dead man.


féar

inflection of fé:
definite genitive singular


æðr

non-noun

æðr f (genitive æðar, dative æði, plural æðar)

æðar (genitive)
æði (dative)
æðar (plural)
æðr (indefinite nominative singular)
æðrin (definite nominative singular)
æðar (indefinite nominative plural)
æðarnar (definite nominative plural)
æði (accusative indefinite singular)
æðina (accusative definite singular)
æðar (accusative indefinite plural)
æðarnar (accusative definite plural)
æði (dative indefinite singular)
æðinni (dative definite singular)
æðum (dative indefinite plural)
æðunum (dative definite plural)
æðar (genitive indefinite singular)
æðarinnar (definite genitive singular)
æða (genitive indefinite plural)
æðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

æðr

Faroese: æðr, æður (Suðuroy)

Icelandic: æð

Norwegian: år, åre

Old Swedish: āþra, ādher

Swedish: åder, ådra

Old Danish: athræ

Danish: åre

From Proto-Germanic *ēdrǭ, *ēþrǭ; whence also Old English ǣder, ǣdre, Old High German ādara (German Ader).


æðr

æðr

Faroese: æða f

Icelandic: æður f

→ Danish: edder c

→ German: Eider f

→ English: eider

→ Swedish: ejder c

Norwegian: ær f, æd f

Swedish: åda c

Uncertain. Cognate to Proto-Samic *(h)āvtë, either from a common unattested language or through mutual loans. Sanskrit आति (āti, “a type of aquatic bird”) has been suggested, but it is inconsistent with either Sami cognates or the unattested masculine form *áðr, both suggesting a Proto-Germanic *aw(V)diz, probably Proto-Germanic *awadiz. Derivations from an ultimate Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis are considered "unconvincing" by Guus Kroonen, which strengthens the non-Indo-European substrate hypothesis.
According to Watkins, from a North Germanic root [script needed] (*athi-) (sc. *āði-), from Proto-Germanic *ethi- (sc. *ēþi-), from a theoretical Proto-Indo-European root *eti- (“eider”) (sc. *ḗti-?).
Compare the difficulty in precising the relationship between Old Norse igða (“small bird”) and Akkala Sami avigʒinĉ (“chickadee”).


Egill

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Egill

Egill (indefinite nominative)
Egil (accusative indefinite)
Agli (dative indefinite)
Egli (dative indefinite)
Egils (genitive indefinite)

Icelandic: Egill

Faroese: Egil

Norwegian: Egel, Egil, Eiel, Eigil

Old Swedish: Æghil

Swedish: Egil

Old Danish: Eghil

Danish: Eigil, Ejgil

→ Greenlandic: Eikili

→ Sami: Egel

From Proto-Germanic *Agilaz. Old Norse forms include Old Swedish Æghil and Old Danish Eghil. The Old High German cognates are Agilo, Egilo. Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌻- (agil-) may also be cognate.


-k

hafða + -k → hafðak

em + -k → emk

Þat veitk bezt / und bláum himni
kenninafn, / svát konungr eigi[…]

9th c., Þjóðólfr of Hvinir, Ynglingatal, verse 27

I know that the best / nickname
under the blue sky / that a king might have […]


þjórr

non-decl-blank-full

þjórr

þjórr (indefinite nominative singular)
þjórrinn (definite nominative singular)
þjórar (indefinite nominative plural)
þjórarnir (definite nominative plural)
þjór (accusative indefinite singular)
þjórinn (accusative definite singular)
þjóra (accusative indefinite plural)
þjórana (accusative definite plural)
þjóri (dative indefinite singular)
þjórinum (dative definite singular)
þjórum (dative indefinite plural)
þjórunum (dative definite plural)
þjórs (genitive indefinite singular)
þjórsins (definite genitive singular)
þjóra (genitive indefinite plural)
þjóranna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: þjór

Faroese: tjórur

Norwegian Nynorsk: tjor

Old Swedish: þiūr

Swedish: tjur

Old Danish: thiūr

Danish: tyr

→ Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: tyr

Norwegian Nynorsk: tyr

Gutnish: tjur

Scanian: týr

From Proto-Germanic *þeuraz, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros, whence also Latin taurus, Ancient Greek ταῦρος (taûros), Old Irish tarb ( > Old Norse tarfr).


stýri

Icelandic: stýri

Faroese: stýri

Norwegian Nynorsk: styre

Swedish: styre (Old Swedish: styre)

Danish: styre (Old Danish: styre)

Norwegian Bokmål: styre

→ Middle Irish: stiúir f

Irish: stiúir f

From Proto-Germanic *stiuriją, from the verb *stiurijaną (“to steer”), whence also Old English stēor, Old Frisian stiure, Dutch stuur, Old High German stiure (German Steuer).


hvísla

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of hvísla — active (weak class 2)

Conjugation of hvísla — mediopassive (weak class 2)

non-conj-table

hvísla (infinitive)
hvíslandi (participle present)
hvíslaðr (participle past)
hvísla (first-person indicative present singular)
hvíslaða (first-person indicative past singular)
hvísla (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hvíslaða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
hvíslar (indicative present second-person singular)
hvíslaðir (indicative past second-person singular)
hvíslir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hvíslaðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
hvíslar (indicative present singular third-person)
hvíslaði (indicative past singular third-person)
hvísli (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hvíslaði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
hvíslum (first-person indicative plural present)
hvísluðum (first-person indicative past plural)
hvíslim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hvíslaðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
hvíslið (indicative plural present second-person)
hvísluðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
hvíslið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hvíslaðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
hvísla (indicative plural present third-person)
hvísluðu (indicative past plural third-person)
hvísli (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hvíslaði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
hvísla (present second-person singular)
hvíslum (first-person plural present)
hvíslið (plural present second-person)
hvíslask (infinitive)
hvíslandisk (participle present)
hvíslazk (participle past)
hvíslumk (first-person indicative present singular)
hvísluðumk (first-person indicative past singular)
hvíslumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hvísluðumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
hvíslask (indicative present second-person singular)
hvíslaðisk (indicative past second-person singular)
hvíslisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hvíslaðisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
hvíslask (indicative present singular third-person)
hvíslaðisk (indicative past singular third-person)
hvíslisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hvíslaðisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
hvíslumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
hvísluðumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
hvíslimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hvíslaðimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
hvíslizk (indicative plural present second-person)
hvísluðuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
hvíslizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hvíslaðizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
hvíslask (indicative plural present third-person)
hvísluðusk (indicative past plural third-person)
hvíslisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hvíslaðisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
hvíslask (present second-person singular)
hvíslumsk (first-person plural present)
hvíslizk (plural present second-person)

Icelandic: hvísla

Norwegian Nynorsk: kvisle

Norwegian Bokmål: kvisle

Swedish: vissla

Scanian: hvysla

From Proto-Germanic *hwistlōną (“to whistle, hiss”), whence also English whistle.


þváttr

non-noun

þváttr m (genitive þváttar, dative þvætti, plural þvættir)

þváttar (genitive)
þvætti (dative)
þvættir (plural)
þváttr (indefinite nominative singular)
þváttrinn (definite nominative singular)
þvættir (indefinite nominative plural)
þvættirnir (definite nominative plural)
þvátt (accusative indefinite singular)
þváttinn (accusative definite singular)
þváttu (accusative indefinite plural)
þváttuna (accusative definite plural)
þvætti (dative indefinite singular)
þvættinum (dative definite singular)
þváttum (dative indefinite plural)
þváttunum (dative definite plural)
þváttar (genitive indefinite singular)
þváttarins (definite genitive singular)
þvátta (genitive indefinite plural)
þváttanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

þváttr

Icelandic: þvottur

Faroese: tváttur

Norwegian Bokmål: tvett

Old Swedish: þvǣtter

Swedish: tvätt

Danish: tvæt

From Proto-Germanic *þwahtuz, from the root of the verb þvá.


þvá

head

þvá (singular past indicative þó, plural past indicative þógu, past participle þveginn)

þó (indicative past singular)
þógu (indicative past plural)
þveginn (participle past)
þvá (infinitive)
þváandi (participle present)
þveginn (participle past)
þvæ (first-person indicative present singular)
þó (first-person indicative past singular)
þvá (first-person present singular subjunctive)
þǿga (first-person past singular subjunctive)
þvær (indicative present second-person singular)
þótt (indicative past second-person singular)
þváir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
þǿgir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
þvær (indicative present singular third-person)
þó (indicative past singular third-person)
þvái (present singular subjunctive third-person)
þǿgi (past singular subjunctive third-person)
þvám (first-person indicative plural present)
þógum (first-person indicative past plural)
þváim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
þǿgim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
þváið (indicative plural present second-person)
þóguð (indicative past plural second-person)
þváið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
þǿgið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
þvá (indicative plural present third-person)
þógu (indicative past plural third-person)
þvái (plural present subjunctive third-person)
þǿgi (past plural subjunctive third-person)
þvá (present second-person singular)
þvám (first-person plural present)
þváið (plural present second-person)
þvásk (infinitive)
þváandisk (participle present)
þvegizk (participle past)
þvámk (first-person indicative present singular)
þógumk (first-person indicative past singular)
þvámk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
þǿgumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
þvæsk (indicative present second-person singular)
þózk (indicative past second-person singular)
þváisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
þǿgisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
þvæsk (indicative present singular third-person)
þósk (indicative past singular third-person)
þváisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
þǿgisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
þvámsk (first-person indicative plural present)
þógumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
þváimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
þǿgimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
þváizk (indicative plural present second-person)
þóguzk (indicative past plural second-person)
þváizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
þǿgizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
þvásk (indicative plural present third-person)
þógusk (indicative past plural third-person)
þváisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
þǿgisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
þvásk (present second-person singular)
þvámsk (first-person plural present)
þváizk (plural present second-person)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of þvá — active (strong􂀽 class 6)

Conjugation of þvá — mediopassive (strong􂀽 class 6)

non-conj-table

Icelandic: þvo

Faroese: tváa

Norwegian: två

Old Swedish: þvā

Swedish: två, tvaga (from past participle)

Old Danish: þwā, thwo, tho

Danish: to

From Proto-Germanic *þwahaną, whence also Old English þwēan, Old Saxon thwahan, Old High German dwahan (dialectal German zwagen), Gothic 𐌸𐍅𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽 (þwahan).