snákr

snákr

snákr (indefinite nominative singular)
snákrinn (definite nominative singular)
snákar (indefinite nominative plural)
snákarnir (definite nominative plural)
snák (accusative indefinite singular)
snákinn (accusative definite singular)
snáka (accusative indefinite plural)
snákana (accusative definite plural)
snáki (dative indefinite singular)
snákinum (dative definite singular)
snákum (dative indefinite plural)
snákunum (dative definite plural)
snáks (genitive indefinite singular)
snáksins (definite genitive singular)
snáka (genitive indefinite plural)
snákanna (definite genitive plural)
snókr (alternative)

Icelandic: snákur, snókur

Faroese: snákur

Norwegian: snok

Norwegian: snäk (dialectal)

Elfdalian: snųok

Old Swedish: snōker

Swedish: snok

Danish: snog

Gutnish: snok


brugðu

third-person plural past active indicative of bregða


geysi-

geysi- + mikill → geysimikill (“very great”)

geysi- + hǿgr → geysihǿgr (“extremely gentle”)


hægr

Variant spelling of hǿgrhægr (canonical)

(comparative) right, the opposite of left


frægr

non-adj

frægr (comparative frægri, superlative frægastr)

frægri (comparative)
frægastr (superlative)

Icelandic: frægur

Faroese: frægur

Norwegian Nynorsk: fræg

famous, renowned, illustrious, well-known


ásjón

non-decl-blank-full

ásjón

ásjón (indefinite nominative singular)
ásjónin (definite nominative singular)
ásjónir (indefinite nominative plural)
ásjónirnar (definite nominative plural)
ásjón (accusative indefinite singular)
ásjónina (accusative definite singular)
ásjónir (accusative indefinite plural)
ásjónirnar (accusative definite plural)
ásjón (dative indefinite singular)
ásjóninni (dative definite singular)
ásjónum (dative indefinite plural)
ásjónunum (dative definite plural)
ásjónar (genitive indefinite singular)
ásjónarinnar (definite genitive singular)
ásjóna (genitive indefinite plural)
ásjónanna (definite genitive plural)
ásjóna (alternative)

Icelandic: ásjóna


burðugr

non-adj

burðugr (comparative burðugri, superlative burðugastr)

burðugri (comparative)
burðugastr (superlative)


sitjum

first-person plural present active indicative/imperative of sitja


sitið

second-person plural present active indicative/subjunctive/imperative of sitja


borins

strong masculine/neuter genitive singular of borinn


borinna

strong masculine/feminine/neuter genitive plural of borinn


borinnar

strong feminine genitive singular of borinn


borinni

strong feminine dative singular of borinn


snøggvan

strong masculine accusative singular of snøggr


piltr

Icelandic: piltur

Faroese: piltur

Norn: pilk

Norwegian Nynorsk: pilt

Swedish: pilt

→ Finnish: piltti

Danish: pilt

Of uncertain origin. Has been considered related to Proto-Germanic *plataz, *platjaz (“patch”) (whence Gothic 𐍀𐌻𐌰𐍄 n (plat, “patch, rag”), English plot), also of uncertain origin, though perhaps related to Vulgar Latin *plattus (“flat”). Another theory relates the word to Proto-Celtic *bledyos (“wolf”), while the connection to Proto-Slavic *poltьnò (“linen, cloth”) is doubted by de Vries due to the variety of derived forms in Old Norse.


óþǫrf

non-decl-blank-full

óþǫrf

óþǫrf (indefinite nominative singular)
óþǫrfin (definite nominative singular)
óþarfar (indefinite nominative plural)
óþarfir (indefinite nominative plural)
óþarfarnar (definite nominative plural)
óþarfirnar (definite nominative plural)
óþǫrf (accusative indefinite singular)
óþǫrfina (accusative definite singular)
óþarfar (accusative indefinite plural)
óþarfir (accusative indefinite plural)
óþarfarnar (accusative definite plural)
óþarfirnar (accusative definite plural)
óþǫrf (dative indefinite singular)
óþǫrfinni (dative definite singular)
óþǫrfum (dative indefinite plural)
óþǫrfunum (dative definite plural)
óþarfar (genitive indefinite singular)
óþarfarinnar (definite genitive singular)
óþarfa (genitive indefinite plural)
óþarfanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: óþörf

Old Swedish: otharf

From Proto-Norse *ᚢᚾᚦᚨᚱᛒᚢ (*unþarbu), attested in the late genitive plural ᚢᚦᛡᚱᛡᛒᛡ (uþᴀrᴀbᴀ /ūþarᵃβa/). Equivalent to ó- (“un-”) + þǫrf (“necessity”), and often difficult to tell apart from adjective óþarfr (“harmful”).


vegvísir

vegvísis (genitive)
vegvísir (indefinite nominative singular)
vegvísirinn (definite nominative singular)
vegvísar (indefinite nominative plural)
vegvísarnir (definite nominative plural)
vegvísi (accusative indefinite singular)
vegvísinn (accusative definite singular)
vegvísa (accusative indefinite plural)
vegvísana (accusative definite plural)
vegvísi (dative indefinite singular)
vegvísinum (dative definite singular)
vegvísum (dative indefinite plural)
vegvísunum (dative definite plural)
vegvísis (genitive indefinite singular)
vegvísisins (definite genitive singular)
vegvísa (genitive indefinite plural)
vegvísanna (definite genitive plural)

vegvísir

desc

Icelandic: vegvísir (a road sign; a magical symbol)

→ English: Vegvisir (magical symbol)

From veg (“way”) + vísir (“shower, one that shows”).

af

a guide person or a thing showing the way


skǫkum

first-person plural present active indicative/imperative of skaka


skakið

second-person plural present active indicative/subjunctive/imperative of skaka


sǫmdu

third-person plural past active indicative of sama


píndu

third-person plural past active indicative of pína


pínda

first-person singular past active indicative/subjunctive of pína


fjǫlhǫfðaða

inflection of fjǫlhǫfðaðr:
strong feminine accusative singular

inflection of fjǫlhǫfðaðr:
strong masculine accusative plural

inflection of fjǫlhǫfðaðr:
weak masculine oblique singular

inflection of fjǫlhǫfðaðr:
weak feminine nominative singular

inflection of fjǫlhǫfðaðr:
weak neuter singular


seimr

seims (genitive)
seimar (plural)
seimr (indefinite nominative singular)
seimrinn (definite nominative singular)
seimar (indefinite nominative plural)
seimarnir (definite nominative plural)
seim (accusative indefinite singular)
seiminn (accusative definite singular)
seima (accusative indefinite plural)
seimana (accusative definite plural)
seim (dative indefinite singular)
seimi (dative indefinite singular)
seiminum (dative definite singular)
seimum (dative indefinite plural)
seimunum (dative definite plural)
seims (genitive indefinite singular)
seimsins (definite genitive singular)
seima (genitive indefinite plural)
seimanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

seimr

From Proto-Germanic *saimaz (“raw honey”). Cognate with Dutch zeem, Old Saxon sēm (“fresh honey”), and German Seim (“syrup”). See also Finnish sima (“mead; a certain drink”).

draga seiminn


skǫll

skallar (genitive)
skǫll (indefinite nominative singular)
skǫllin (definite nominative singular)
skǫll (accusative indefinite singular)
skǫllina (accusative definite singular)
skǫll (dative indefinite singular)
skǫllinni (dative definite singular)
skallar (genitive indefinite singular)
skallarinnar (definite genitive singular)
skǫll (indefinite nominative plural)
skǫllin (definite nominative plural)
skǫll (accusative indefinite plural)
skǫllin (accusative definite plural)
skǫllum (dative indefinite plural)
skǫllunum (dative definite plural)
skalla (genitive indefinite plural)
skallanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-sing

skǫll

non-decl-blank-plur

skǫll


mǿti

non-decl-blank-full

mǿti

mǿti (indefinite nominative singular)
mǿtit (definite nominative singular)
mǿti (indefinite nominative plural)
mǿtin (definite nominative plural)
mǿti (accusative indefinite singular)
mǿtit (accusative definite singular)
mǿti (accusative indefinite plural)
mǿtin (accusative definite plural)
mǿti (dative indefinite singular)
mǿtinu (dative definite singular)
mǿtum (dative indefinite plural)
mǿtunum (dative definite plural)
mǿtis (genitive indefinite singular)
mǿtisins (definite genitive singular)
mǿta (genitive indefinite plural)
mǿtanna (definite genitive plural)


frǿði

frǿði (canonical feminine)
frǿði (canonical neuter)
frǿði (genitive)
frǿði (indefinite nominative singular)
frǿðin (definite nominative singular)
frǿði (accusative indefinite singular)
frǿðina (accusative definite singular)
frǿði (dative indefinite singular)
frǿðinni (dative definite singular)
frǿði (genitive indefinite singular)
frǿðinnar (definite genitive singular)
frǿði (indefinite nominative singular)
frǿðit (definite nominative singular)
frǿði (indefinite nominative plural)
frǿðin (definite nominative plural)
frǿði (accusative indefinite singular)
frǿðit (accusative definite singular)
frǿði (accusative indefinite plural)
frǿðin (accusative definite plural)
frǿði (dative indefinite singular)
frǿðinu (dative definite singular)
frǿðum (dative indefinite plural)
frǿðunum (dative definite plural)
frǿðis (genitive indefinite singular)
frǿðisins (definite genitive singular)
frǿða (genitive indefinite plural)
frǿðanna (definite genitive plural)
fróði (alternative)
fræði (alternative)
frœði (alternative)

non-decl-blank-sing

frǿði

non-decl-blank-full

frǿði

Old Swedish: frogde, frijde

Swedish: från

From Proto-Germanic *frōdį̄. Cognate with Old Norse fróðr (“wise”) and Old English frōd (“wise”). More at frood.

knowledge, learning, teaching, lore, spells


frauki

frauki

frauki (indefinite nominative singular)
fraukinn (definite nominative singular)
fraukar (indefinite nominative plural)
fraukarnir (definite nominative plural)
frauka (accusative indefinite singular)
fraukann (accusative definite singular)
frauka (accusative indefinite plural)
fraukana (accusative definite plural)
frauka (dative indefinite singular)
fraukanum (dative definite singular)
fraukum (dative indefinite plural)
fraukunum (dative definite plural)
frauka (genitive indefinite singular)
fraukans (definite genitive singular)
frauka (genitive indefinite plural)
fraukanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: frauki

→ Middle English: froke, frock

English: frock (dialectal)

From Proto-Germanic *fraukô, from earlier *fraukkô. Alternatively from Proto-Germanic *frauþukô, equivalent to frauðr + -ki.


hjalpi

third-person singular/plural present active subjunctive of hjalpa


blendr

second/third-person singular present active indicative of blanda


blǫndum

first-person plural present active indicative/imperative of blanda


blandið

second-person plural present active indicative/subjunctive/imperative of blanda


Útgarða-Loki

→ Latin: Utgarthilocus, Ugarthilocus

→ German: Ugartilock

→ Old Danish: Vrgathiloch, Wgartilok (name of a demon or a pagan idol)


glǫddu

third-person plural past active indicative of gleðja


glǫdduð

second-person plural past active indicative of gleðja


ꜷ

a ligature of au (or equivalently of av)

a letter used for the various vowels /au/, /ǫ/, /ø/, /øː/


ꜻ

a letter used for the various vowels /ǫ/, /ø/, /øː/, /ęː/


ꜽ

a letter used for the various vowels /ǫ/, /øː/, /ey/


Ꝼ

Preꞇeriꞇo inꝑfecꞇo docebaꞇ᷑ aꞇe· þu ꞇæhꞇeſꞇ nu æꞃ· Preꞇeriꞇo ꝑfecꞇo· docꞇũ eraꞇ anoƀ· ƿe ꞇæhꞇon· ⁊ꞅƿa ꝼoꞃꝺ· Infiniꞇiuo modo· doceri ame uolo· ic ƿylle ꞇæcan· doceri anoƀ uolum᷒· ƿe ƿẏllaþ ꞇæcan· Ac þiꞅeꞅ ᵹe meꞇeꞅ niꞅ nan neoꝺ· Gerundia ꝉ parꞇici-

uppercase form of ꝼ; a text may contrast Ꝼ in Norse words and F in Latin words


Ꞃ

uppercase form of ꞃ; a text may contrast Ꞃ in Norse words and R in Latin words


Ꞅ

uppercase form of ꞅ; a text may contrast Ꞅ in Norse words and S in Latin words


leiks

strong masculine/neuter genitive singular of leikr


ýr

ýs (genitive)
ívar (plural)
ýr (indefinite nominative singular)
ýrinn (definite nominative singular)
ívar (indefinite nominative plural)
ívarnir (definite nominative plural)
ý (accusative indefinite singular)
ýinn (accusative definite singular)
íva (accusative indefinite plural)
ívana (accusative definite plural)
ívi (dative indefinite singular)
ívinum (dative definite singular)
ívum (dative indefinite plural)
íum (dative indefinite plural)
íunum (dative definite plural)
ýs (genitive indefinite singular)
ýs (definite genitive singular)
íva (genitive indefinite plural)
ívanna (definite genitive plural)

ýr

Icelandic: ýr

Old Swedish: idhe, ydhe

Swedish: id, ide, yd


váttr

non-noun

váttr m (genitive váttar, plural vættir)

váttar (genitive)
vættir (plural)
váttr (indefinite nominative singular)
váttrinn (definite nominative singular)
vættir (indefinite nominative plural)
vættirnir (definite nominative plural)
vátt (accusative indefinite singular)
váttinn (accusative definite singular)
vætti (accusative indefinite plural)
váttu (accusative indefinite plural)
vættina (accusative definite plural)
váttuna (accusative definite plural)
vætti (dative indefinite singular)
vátt (dative indefinite singular)
vættinum (dative definite singular)
váttinum (dative definite singular)
váttum (dative indefinite plural)
váttunum (dative definite plural)
váttar (genitive indefinite singular)
váttarins (definite genitive singular)
vátta (genitive indefinite plural)
váttanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

váttr

Icelandic: vottur

Old Swedish: vātter

From Proto-Germanic *wahtaz (“speech”).
Older theories tentatively connected the word to vitni (“witness”), from a different root.


vætti

inflection of váttr:
dative singular/plural


smyrsk

second/third-person singular present mediopassive

second-person singular imperative mediopassive


valkyrju

accusative/dative/genitive singular of valkyrja


settu

third-person plural past active indicative of setja


a diacritic on vowels indicating either vowel length or umlaut; for example, ⟨o᷎⟩ was used for the vowel /ø/


Kænugarðr

Icelandic: Kænugarður (Kyiv)

(city in Rus): Composed of kœna + garðr, which is an adaptation of Slavic *Kijan(ov)ŭ gor(o)dŭ / *Kyjevŭ gor(o)dŭ, literally “Kyi's castle”.
(city in Sweden): Composed of Kænir + garðr

Kiænugarðr (alternative)
Kœnugarðr (alternative)

Kænir

tribe in Sweden mentioned in Hversu Noregr byggðist and Gautreks saga

Þeir Þorvaldr Koðránsson ok Stefnir Þorgilsson fundust eftir hvarf Óláfs konungs. Þeir fóru báðir saman víða um heiminn ok allt út í Jórsalaheim ok þaðan til Miklagarðs ok svá til Kænugarðs it eystra eftir Nepr.

Þorvaldr Koðránsson and Stefnir Þorgilsson met after king Óláfr dissapeared. They traveled both together far and wide around the world all the way to Jerusalem and from there to Constantinople and to Kyiv in the east along the Dnieper.

the ancient capital of Rus, in modern Ukraine; modern Kyiv

an ancient city in modern Sweden mentioned in Gautreks saga


Berurjóðr

Composed of bera (“bear”) + rjóðr (“cleared space in forest”). Modern location is unclear. According to P. A. Munch, the place is now called Berglyd.

af

a place in Norway mentioned in Ǫrvar-Odds saga


Tripiðen

Probably of Slavic origin. Same root as in German Trebel.

Atripiden (alternative)
Tripipen (alternative)
Tribipen (alternative)
Tilbipen (alternative)

an ancient area in north-eastern part of modern Germany, Tribeden province at the Trebel River, north of Circipania


gyðingr

non-noun

gyðingr m (genitive gyðings, plural gyðingar)

gyðings (genitive)
gyðingar (plural)
gyðingr (indefinite nominative singular)
gyðingrinn (definite nominative singular)
gyðingar (indefinite nominative plural)
gyðingarnir (definite nominative plural)
gyðing (accusative indefinite singular)
gyðinginn (accusative definite singular)
gyðinga (accusative indefinite plural)
gyðingana (accusative definite plural)
gyðingi (dative indefinite singular)
gyðinginum (dative definite singular)
gyðingum (dative indefinite plural)
gyðingunum (dative definite plural)
gyðings (genitive indefinite singular)
gyðingsins (definite genitive singular)
gyðinga (genitive indefinite plural)
gyðinganna (definite genitive plural)
gýðingr (alternative)

non-decl-blank-full

gyðingr

Icelandic: gyðingur

Faroese: gýðingur

Probably a mix between Latin Iudaea and Old Norse Guð, adding ending -ingr. Compare gyðlingr (“descendant of a priest”) and gyðja (“priestess, goddess”).

Gyðinga saga
Verðr hann reiðr mjǫk við þessa svívirðing ok snýr nú reiði sinni upp á Gyðinga

He (the brother of Tholomeus) becomes very angry at this insult (his defeat in Egypt) and turns his anger against the Jews


Reiðgotaland

Reiðgotalands (genitive)
Reiðgotaland (indefinite nominative)
Reiðgotaland (accusative indefinite)
Reiðgotalandi (dative indefinite)
Reiðgotalands (genitive indefinite)

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Reiðgotaland

Reidgotaland (an ancient or legendary country in modern Ukraine)


Myrkviðr

From myrkr (“dark, murky”) + viðr (“woods, forest”).


Danparstaðr

an ancient or legendary city in modern Ukraine


gefa gaum

hann gaf engi gaum at því


sárr

Icelandic: sár

Faroese: sárur

Norn: sår

Norwegian: sår

Old Swedish: sār

Swedish: sår

Old Danish: sār, saar

Danish: sår

Old Gutnish: sar

Gutnish: sarur, sårur

From Proto-Germanic *sairaz. Cognate with Old English sār (English sore).


lǫð

laðar (genitive)
lǫð (indefinite nominative singular)
lǫðin (definite nominative singular)
laðar (indefinite nominative plural)
laðir (indefinite nominative plural)
laðarnar (definite nominative plural)
laðirnar (definite nominative plural)
lǫð (accusative indefinite singular)
lǫðina (accusative definite singular)
laðar (accusative indefinite plural)
laðir (accusative indefinite plural)
laðarnar (accusative definite plural)
laðirnar (accusative definite plural)
lǫð (dative indefinite singular)
lǫðinni (dative definite singular)
lǫðum (dative indefinite plural)
lǫðunum (dative definite plural)
laðar (genitive indefinite singular)
laðarinnar (definite genitive singular)
laða (genitive indefinite plural)
laðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

lǫð

Icelandic: löð

Inherited from Proto-Norse ᛚᚨᚦᚢ (laþu), from Proto-Germanic *laþō. Cognate with Old English *laþu (attested in compounds), root-related with German einladen (“invite”).


þjóðlǫð

þjóðlaðar (genitive)
þjóðlǫð (indefinite nominative singular)
þjóðlǫðin (definite nominative singular)
þjóðlaðar (indefinite nominative plural)
þjóðlaðir (indefinite nominative plural)
þjóðlaðarnar (definite nominative plural)
þjóðlaðirnar (definite nominative plural)
þjóðlǫð (accusative indefinite singular)
þjóðlǫðina (accusative definite singular)
þjóðlaðar (accusative indefinite plural)
þjóðlaðir (accusative indefinite plural)
þjóðlaðarnar (accusative definite plural)
þjóðlaðirnar (accusative definite plural)
þjóðlǫð (dative indefinite singular)
þjóðlǫðinni (dative definite singular)
þjóðlǫðum (dative indefinite plural)
þjóðlǫðunum (dative definite plural)
þjóðlaðar (genitive indefinite singular)
þjóðlaðarinnar (definite genitive singular)
þjóðlaða (genitive indefinite plural)
þjóðlaðanna (definite genitive plural)

þjóðlǫð

þjóð- (“great, excellent”) + lǫð (“invitation, hospitality”).

prefix

Vats es þǫrf / þęims til verðar kømr,
þęrru ok þjóðlaðar; […]

Of water is a need for the one who comes to a meal; of a towel and of excellent hospitality.


þjóðlaðar

inflection of þjóðlǫð:
nominative/accusative plural

inflection of þjóðlǫð:
genitive singular


þóttuð

second-person plural past active indicative of þykkja


þóttir

second-person singular past active indicative/subjunctive of þykkja


skoðask

inflection of skoða:
mediopassive infinitive

second/third-person singular present mediopassive indicative

third-person plural present mediopassive indicative

second-person singular mediopassive imperative


skoðar

second/third-person singular present active indicative of skoða


skyggnask

inflection of skyggna:
mediopassive infinitive


opnask

inflection of opna:
mediopassive infinitive


skoðaði

third-person singular past active indicative/subjunctive

third-person plural past active subjunctive


glǫð

inflection of glaðr:
strong feminine nominative singular

strong neuter nominative/accusative plural


sælir

strong masculine nominative plural of sæll


sælum

inflection of sæll:
strong masculine dative singular

strong/weak masculine/feminine/neuter dative plural


teitastr

strong superlative degree masculine nominative singular of teitr


stǿra

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of stǿra — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of stǿra — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

stǿra (infinitive)
stǿrandi (participle present)
stǿrðr (participle past)
stǿri (first-person indicative present singular)
stǿrða (first-person indicative past singular)
stǿra (first-person present singular subjunctive)
stǿrða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
stǿrir (indicative present second-person singular)
stǿrðir (indicative past second-person singular)
stǿrir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
stǿrðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
stǿrir (indicative present singular third-person)
stǿrði (indicative past singular third-person)
stǿri (present singular subjunctive third-person)
stǿrði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
stǿrum (first-person indicative plural present)
stǿrðum (first-person indicative past plural)
stǿrim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
stǿrðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
stǿrið (indicative plural present second-person)
stǿrðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
stǿrið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
stǿrðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
stǿra (indicative plural present third-person)
stǿrðu (indicative past plural third-person)
stǿri (plural present subjunctive third-person)
stǿrði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
stǿr (present second-person singular)
stǿri (present second-person singular)
stǿrum (first-person plural present)
stǿrið (plural present second-person)
stǿrask (infinitive)
stǿrandisk (participle present)
stǿrzk (participle past)
stǿrumk (first-person indicative present singular)
stǿrðumk (first-person indicative past singular)
stǿrumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
stǿrðumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
stǿrisk (indicative present second-person singular)
stǿrðisk (indicative past second-person singular)
stǿrisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
stǿrðisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
stǿrisk (indicative present singular third-person)
stǿrðisk (indicative past singular third-person)
stǿrisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
stǿrðisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
stǿrumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
stǿrðumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
stǿrimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
stǿrðimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
stǿrizk (indicative plural present second-person)
stǿrðuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
stǿrizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
stǿrðizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
stǿrask (indicative plural present third-person)
stǿrðusk (indicative past plural third-person)
stǿrisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
stǿrðisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
stǿrsk (present second-person singular)
stǿrisk (present second-person singular)
stǿrumsk (first-person plural present)
stǿrizk (plural present second-person)
stœra (alternative)

Icelandic: stæra


Galizu

accusative singular indefinite of Galiza


Jórsali

accusative singular indefinite of Jórsalir


Jórsala

genitive singular indefinite of Jórsalir


jórsalaferðar

genitive singular indefinite of jórsalaferð


jórsalaferðin

nominative singular definite of jórsalaferð


jórsalaferðina

accusative singular definite of jórsalaferð


jórsalaferðinni

dative singular indefinite of jórsalaferð


jórsalaferðarinnar

genitive singular definite of jórsalaferð


jórsalaferðir

nominative plural indefinite of jórsalaferð

accusative plural indefinite of jórsalaferð


jórsalaferða

genitive plural indefinite of jórsalaferð


jórsalaferðirnar

nominative plural definite of jórsalaferð

accusative plural definite of jórsalaferð


Orkneyjarnar

nominative/accusative plural definite of Orkneyjar


eyðimǫrk

head

eyðimǫrk f (genitive eyðimarkar, and eyðimerkr)

eyðimarkar (genitive)
eyðimerkr (genitive)
eyðimǫrk (indefinite nominative singular)
eyðimǫrkin (definite nominative singular)
eyðimarkar (indefinite nominative plural)
eyðimarkarnar (definite nominative plural)
eyðimǫrk (accusative indefinite singular)
eyðimǫrkina (accusative definite singular)
eyðimarkar (accusative indefinite plural)
eyðimarkarnar (accusative definite plural)
eyðimǫrk (dative indefinite singular)
eyðimǫrkinni (dative definite singular)
eyðimǫrkum (dative indefinite plural)
eyðimǫrkunum (dative definite plural)
eyðimarkar (genitive indefinite singular)
eyðimerkr (genitive indefinite singular)
eyðimarkarinnar (definite genitive singular)
eyðimerkrinnar (definite genitive singular)
eyðimarka (genitive indefinite plural)
eyðimarkanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

eyðimǫrk

Danish: ødemark

Norwegian Nynorsk: øydemark

Faroese: oyðimørk

Icelandic: eyðimörk

Old Swedish: ø̄dhemark

Swedish: ödemark

Equivalent to eyða (“to destroy, to abort”) + mǫrk (“a forest”). Compare auðr (“empty, deserted”).


Kirkjuvágr

Kirkjuvágs (genitive)
Kirkjuvágr (indefinite nominative)
Kirkjuvág (accusative indefinite)
Kirkjuvági (dative indefinite)
Kirkjuvágs (genitive indefinite)

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Kirkjuvágr

Norn: Kirkavå

→ English: Kirkwall

Kirkwall (a town in and the administrative centre of the Orkney Islands council area, Scotland)


spázera

Old Danish: spāssere

Danish: spadsere

Norwegian Bokmål: spasere

Norwegian Nynorsk: spasera

>? Russenorsk: spaserom

Old Swedish: spāzera

Swedish: spatsera

→? Scottish Gaelic: spaideil

→ Scottish Gaelic: spaidsear

Borrowed from Middle High German spazieren, from Italian spaziare, from Latin spatiāri, present active infinitive of Latin spatior (“to go for a walk”).


Nǫrvasund

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Nǫrvasund

Nǫrvasund (indefinite nominative)
Nǫrvasund (accusative indefinite)
Nǫrvasundi (dative indefinite)
Nǫrvasunds (genitive indefinite)

Faroese: Nørvasund


Norðymbralandi

dative singular indefinite of Norðymbraland


Norðymbralands

genitive singular indefinite of Norðymbraland


Nǫrvasunds

genitive singular indefinite of Nǫrvasund


apynja

non-noun

apynja f (genitive apynju, plural apynjur)

apynju (genitive)
apynjur (plural)
apynja (indefinite nominative singular)
apynjan (definite nominative singular)
apynjur (indefinite nominative plural)
apynjurnar (definite nominative plural)
apynju (accusative indefinite singular)
apynjuna (accusative definite singular)
apynjur (accusative indefinite plural)
apynjurnar (accusative definite plural)
apynju (dative indefinite singular)
apynjunni (dative definite singular)
apynjum (dative indefinite plural)
apynjunum (dative definite plural)
apynju (genitive indefinite singular)
apynjunnar (definite genitive singular)
apynjna (genitive indefinite plural)
apynjnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

apynja

Old Swedish: apinia, apina, aapynja

Swedish: apinja

→ Finnish: apina


for því

From for + því. Cognate with Old English forþȳ (“for this cause”).


blauðr

non-adj

blauðr (comparative blauðari, superlative blauðastr)

blauðari (comparative)
blauðastr (superlative)

Icelandic: blauður

Norwegian Nynorsk: blaud

Old Swedish: blø̄dhogher (= blauðugr)

Swedish: blödig

From Proto-Germanic *blaudaz. Probably related to blautr (“wet; weak”).


Eyvindr

Icelandic: Eyvindur

Faroese: Eivindur

Norwegian: Øyvind, Øivind, → Eivind

Old Swedish: Ø̄nder, Ø̄inder

Swedish: Övind

→ Swedish: Eyvind

→ Danish: Ejvind

Composed of ey (probably in the sense ‘luck, happiness’) and -vindr, of unknown origin, possibly “winner”.


blauðan

strong masculine accusative singular of blauðr


blauðum

inflection of blauðr:
strong masculine dative singular

strong/weak masculine/feminine/neuter dative plural


Dumbshaf

Icelandic: Dumbshaf (Iceland Sea)

desc

Translingual: Danhof (bay in Finnmark mentioned in old maps)

a sea somewhere in the north, mentioned in some texts


Rǫgnvaldr

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Rǫgnvaldr

Rǫgnvaldr (indefinite nominative)
Rǫgnvald (accusative indefinite)
Rǫgnvaldi (dative indefinite)
Rǫgnvalds (genitive indefinite)

Icelandic: Rögnvaldur

Faroese: Røgnvaldur

Norwegian: Ragnvald

desctree

Old Swedish: Ragnvalder
Swedish: Ragnvald

desc

→ Old East Slavic: Рогъволодъ (Rogŭvolodŭ)

→ English: Ronald

→ Italian: Ronaldo

→ Spanish: Ronaldo

→ Portuguese: Ronaldo

→ Old Irish: Ragnall

Irish: Raghnall

Scottish Gaelic: Raghnall

→ Scots: Ranald

→ English: Ranald


piparr

non-decl-blank-full

piparr

piparr (indefinite nominative singular)
piparrinn (definite nominative singular)
piprar (indefinite nominative plural)
piprarnir (definite nominative plural)
pipar (accusative indefinite singular)
piparinn (accusative definite singular)
pipra (accusative indefinite plural)
piprana (accusative definite plural)
pipri (dative indefinite singular)
piprinum (dative definite singular)
piprum (dative indefinite plural)
piprunum (dative definite plural)
pipars (genitive indefinite singular)
piparsins (definite genitive singular)
pipra (genitive indefinite plural)
pipranna (definite genitive plural)
pipari (alternative)

Icelandic: pipar

Faroese: pipar

Norwegian:

Norwegian Nynorsk: pepar

Norwegian Bokmål: pepper

Old Swedish: pipar, pepar

Swedish: peppar

desctree

→ Finnish: pippuri
→ Northern Sami: bihppor
→ Kildin Sami: пеһпарь (pjehpar’)

Old Danish: pipær
Danish: peber

Elfdalian: pipär

→ Estonian: pipar

→ Latvian: pipars

Borrowed from Old Saxon *pipar, from Proto-West Germanic *pipar (“pepper”).


bága

inflection of bági:
accusative/dative/genitive singular

inflection of bági:
accusative/genitive plural


bági

bága (genitive)
bágar (plural)
bági (indefinite nominative singular)
báginn (definite nominative singular)
bágar (indefinite nominative plural)
bágarnir (definite nominative plural)
bága (accusative indefinite singular)
bágann (accusative definite singular)
bága (accusative indefinite plural)
bágana (accusative definite plural)
bága (dative indefinite singular)
báganum (dative definite singular)
bǫ́gum (dative indefinite plural)
bǫ́gunum (dative definite plural)
bága (genitive indefinite singular)
bágans (definite genitive singular)
bága (genitive indefinite plural)
báganna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

bági

Icelandic: bági

From earlier of bági. Originally agent noun to Proto-Germanic *bēganą (“to fight, argue, quarrel”)


jálkr

non-decl-blank-full

jálkr

jálkr (indefinite nominative singular)
jálkrinn (definite nominative singular)
jálkar (indefinite nominative plural)
jálkarnir (definite nominative plural)
jálk (accusative indefinite singular)
jálkinn (accusative definite singular)
jálka (accusative indefinite plural)
jálkana (accusative definite plural)
jálki (dative indefinite singular)
jálkinum (dative definite singular)
jálkum (dative indefinite plural)
jálkunum (dative definite plural)
jálks (genitive indefinite singular)
jálksins (definite genitive singular)
jálka (genitive indefinite plural)
jálkanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: jálkur

(Old Icelandic) alternative form of jalkr


jalkr

jalkr

jalkr (indefinite nominative singular)
jalkrinn (definite nominative singular)
jalkar (indefinite nominative plural)
jalkarnir (definite nominative plural)
jalk (accusative indefinite singular)
jalkinn (accusative definite singular)
jalka (accusative indefinite plural)
jalkana (accusative definite plural)
jalki (dative indefinite singular)
jalkinum (dative definite singular)
jalkum (dative indefinite plural)
jalkunum (dative definite plural)
jalks (genitive indefinite singular)
jalksins (definite genitive singular)
jalka (genitive indefinite plural)
jalkanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: jálkur

Norwegian Bokmål: jelk


skamman

strong masculine accusative singular of skammr


grǿta

head

grǿta (past indicative grǿtti, past participle grǿttr)

grǿtti (indicative past)
grǿttr (participle past)
grǿta (infinitive)
grǿtandi (participle present)
grǿttr (participle past)
grǿti (first-person indicative present singular)
grǿtta (first-person indicative past singular)
grǿta (first-person present singular subjunctive)
grǿtta (first-person past singular subjunctive)
grǿtir (indicative present second-person singular)
grǿttir (indicative past second-person singular)
grǿtir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
grǿttir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
grǿtir (indicative present singular third-person)
grǿtti (indicative past singular third-person)
grǿti (present singular subjunctive third-person)
grǿtti (past singular subjunctive third-person)
grǿtum (first-person indicative plural present)
grǿttum (first-person indicative past plural)
grǿtim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
grǿttim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
grǿtið (indicative plural present second-person)
grǿttuð (indicative past plural second-person)
grǿtið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
grǿttið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
grǿta (indicative plural present third-person)
grǿttu (indicative past plural third-person)
grǿti (plural present subjunctive third-person)
grǿtti (past plural subjunctive third-person)
grǿt (present second-person singular)
grǿti (present second-person singular)
grǿtum (first-person plural present)
grǿtið (plural present second-person)
grǿtask (infinitive)
grǿtandisk (participle present)
grǿzk (participle past)
grǿtumk (first-person indicative present singular)
grǿttumk (first-person indicative past singular)
grǿtumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
grǿttumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
grǿtisk (indicative present second-person singular)
grǿttisk (indicative past second-person singular)
grǿtisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
grǿttisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
grǿtisk (indicative present singular third-person)
grǿttisk (indicative past singular third-person)
grǿtisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
grǿttisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
grǿtumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
grǿttumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
grǿtimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
grǿttimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
grǿtizk (indicative plural present second-person)
grǿttuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
grǿtizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
grǿttizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
grǿtask (indicative plural present third-person)
grǿttusk (indicative past plural third-person)
grǿtisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
grǿttisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
grǿzk (present second-person singular)
grǿtisk (present second-person singular)
grǿtumsk (first-person plural present)
grǿtizk (plural present second-person)
grœta (alternative)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of grǿta — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of grǿta — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

Icelandic: græta

Faroese: grøta

Old Swedish: grøta


grǿtta

inflection of grǿttr:
strong feminine accusative singular

inflection of grǿttr:
strong masculine accusative plural

weak feminine/neuter nominative singular

weak masculine/neuter accusative/dative/genitive singular


bragarmál

non-decl-blank-full

bragarmál

bragarmál (indefinite nominative singular)
bragarmálit (definite nominative singular)
bragarmǫ́l (indefinite nominative plural)
bragarmǫ́lin (definite nominative plural)
bragarmál (accusative indefinite singular)
bragarmálit (accusative definite singular)
bragarmǫ́l (accusative indefinite plural)
bragarmǫ́lin (accusative definite plural)
bragarmáli (dative indefinite singular)
bragarmálinu (dative definite singular)
bragarmǫ́lum (dative indefinite plural)
bragarmǫ́lunum (dative definite plural)
bragarmáls (genitive indefinite singular)
bragarmálsins (definite genitive singular)
bragarmála (genitive indefinite plural)
bragarmálanna (definite genitive plural)

Compound of bragr (“poetic praise”) + mál (“speech, language”)

com+

(poetry) a contraction of a short unstressed word; for instance varð ek > varð’k ‘I became’, þá es > þá’s ‘at the time when’


dǫnsk tunga

the Scandinavian, North Germanic language

Gráǵas, Baugatal (Finsen, V. 1852: Elzta lögbók íslendinga, eptir skinnbókinni í bókasafni konungs.)

But it is law in Norway and the whole area where Scandinavian language is spoken that if a man does not observe truces, that he is an outlaw throughout all of Norway and beyond.

En þat ero log inoregi oc alla dansca tungo ef maðr þyrmir eigi griðom at sa maðr er utlagr fyrir endi langan noreg fram.

the area in which this language was spoken


dǫnsk

inflection of danskr:
strong feminine nominative singular

strong neuter nominative/accusative plural


Níðuðr

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Níðuðr

Níðuðr (indefinite nominative)
Níðuð (accusative indefinite)
Níðaði (dative indefinite)
Níðaðar (genitive indefinite)

From Proto-Germanic *Nīþahaduz. Cognate with Old English Nīþhæd.


Vilhjalmr

Vilhjalmr

Vilhjálmr (indefinite nominative)
Vilhjálm (accusative indefinite)
Vilhjálmi (dative indefinite)
Vilhjálms (genitive indefinite)

Icelandic: Vilhjálmur

Faroese: Vilhjálmur, Viljormur

desc

Norwegian: Vilhjelm, Vilhjalm; (regional variations) Vilhjålm, Vilhjåm

Old Swedish: Vilhiælm

Danish: Vilhjælm


annarra

masculine/feminine/neuter genitive plural of annarr


lǫgðir

lǫgðis (genitive)
lǫgðir (indefinite nominative singular)
lǫgðirinn (definite nominative singular)
lǫgðar (indefinite nominative plural)
lǫgðarnir (definite nominative plural)
lǫgði (accusative indefinite singular)
lǫgðinn (accusative definite singular)
lǫgða (accusative indefinite plural)
lǫgðana (accusative definite plural)
lǫgði (dative indefinite singular)
lǫgðinum (dative definite singular)
lǫgðum (dative indefinite plural)
lǫgðunum (dative definite plural)
lǫgðis (genitive indefinite singular)
lǫgðisins (definite genitive singular)
lǫgða (genitive indefinite plural)
lǫgðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

lǫgðir

Most likely from lag (“thrust, stab”), thus ‘stabber’.


dǿgr

dǿgrs (genitive)
dǿgr (plural)
dǿgr (indefinite nominative singular)
dǿgrit (definite nominative singular)
dǿgr (indefinite nominative plural)
dǿgrin (definite nominative plural)
dǿgr (accusative indefinite singular)
dǿgrit (accusative definite singular)
dǿgr (accusative indefinite plural)
dǿgrin (accusative definite plural)
dǿgri (dative indefinite singular)
dǿgrinu (dative definite singular)
dǿgrum (dative indefinite plural)
dǿgrunum (dative definite plural)
dǿgrs (genitive indefinite singular)
dǿgrsins (definite genitive singular)
dǿgra (genitive indefinite plural)
dǿgranna (definite genitive plural)
dœgr (alternative)

dǿgr

Icelandic: dægur

Faroese: -døgur

Norwegian Nynorsk: døger

Old Swedish: dø̄gher

Old Danish: dø̄ghær

⇒ Old Norse: dǿgn n (“24-hour period”)

Old Swedish: dø̄ghn

Swedish: dygn

Old Danish: dø̄ghær, dø̄gn

Danish: døgn

Norwegian Bokmål: døgn

→? Norwegian Nynorsk: døgn

From Proto-Germanic *dōgaz, a z-stem vṛddhi-formation to *dagaz (whence dagr). Related to dǿgn. Cognate with Old English dœg, dōgor.

dǿgr mǿtask nú

í degi dægr tvau, í dægri stundir tólf

in a day two half-days; in a half-day twelve hours


grátr

gráts (genitive)
grátar (plural)
grátr (indefinite nominative singular)
grátrinn (definite nominative singular)
grátar (indefinite nominative plural)
grátarnir (definite nominative plural)
grát (accusative indefinite singular)
grátinn (accusative definite singular)
gráta (accusative indefinite plural)
grátana (accusative definite plural)
gráti (dative indefinite singular)
grátinum (dative definite singular)
grǫ́tum (dative indefinite plural)
grǫ́tunum (dative definite plural)
gráts (genitive indefinite singular)
grátsins (definite genitive singular)
gráta (genitive indefinite plural)
grátanna (definite genitive plural)

grátr

Icelandic: grátur

Faroese: grátur

Norwegian Bokmål: gråt m

Norwegian Nynorsk: gråt m

Old Swedish: grāter

Swedish: gråt

Danish: gråd

From Proto-Norse *ᚷᚱᚨᛏᚨᛉ (grātaz), from Proto-Germanic *grētaz. Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌴𐍄𐍃 (grēts, “weeping, crying”).


ęnkja

(Old East Norse) alternative form of ekkja


Gjallarbrú

Danish: Gældebro

→ Icelandic: Gjallarbrú (learned)

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: Gjeddarbru, Gjallarbru

Swedish: Gillebro

From Gjǫll (“mythic river”) + brú (“bridge”).

Gylfaginning 49, excerpt
hann kom til ariɴar Giallar(ar) ok reið a Giallar brvna
(Normalized spelling): hann kom til árinnar Gjallar ok reið á Gjallarbrúna
he came to the river Gjǫll, and rode on the Gjallarbrú

(Norse mythology) a bridge on the way from Hel


árrisull

Icelandic: árrisull

From ár (“early”) + rísa (“to rise”) + -ull (“inclined to”).


gjǫflan

strong masculine accusative singular of gjǫfull


þveginn

Icelandic: þveginn

Swedish: tvagen


þvær

second/third-person singular present active indicative of þvá


vindandin forna

c. 1250, Óláfr ‘White Skald’ Þórðarson, Third Grammatical Treatise
Auferesis er gagnstaðlig prothesi, ok tekr hon af upphafi ords staf eða samstǫfu, sem þá at v sé af tekit í þessu nafni vrungu, þvíat þyðerskir menn ok danskir hafa v fyrir r í þessi nafni ok mǫrgum ǫðrum, ok þat hyggjum vér fornt mál vera, enn nú er þat kallat vindandin forna í skaldskap, þvíat þat er nú ekki haft í norrænu máli.

Auferesis is the opposite of prothesis, and it removes a letter or syllable from the beginning of a word, as when v is removed in this word: vrungu—for the Germans and Danes still have v before r in this word and in many others, and we judge that to be ancient speech—but it is now called the ancient use of vend, for it is no longer pronounced in West Nordic speech.

(poetry, grammar) 'the ancient use of vend'; the use of letter v before an r in poetry


fornhaldinn

forn (“ancient”) + haldinn (“held”), past participle of halda (“hold”).


hveim

hver (masculine nominative singular)
hvar (masculine nominative singular)
hvat (neuter nominative singular)
hven (accusative masculine singular)
hvat (accusative neuter singular)
hveim (dative masculine singular)
hví (dative neuter singular)
hves (genitive masculine singular)
hves (genitive neuter singular)

Swedish: vem, Swedish: (pre-1906 spelling) hvem

Danish: hvem

Norwegian Bokmål: hvem

From Proto-Germanic *hwammai, dative singular of *hwaz (“what”), phonologically as if from *hwaimaz. Cognate with hwǣm, Old English hwām, Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 (ƕamma).


bǫ́ðum

first-person plural past indicative active of biðja


þǫll

þallar (genitive)
þallar (plural)
þǫll (indefinite nominative singular)
þǫllin (definite nominative singular)
þallar (indefinite nominative plural)
þallarnar (definite nominative plural)
þǫll (accusative indefinite singular)
þǫllina (accusative definite singular)
þallar (accusative indefinite plural)
þallarnar (accusative definite plural)
þǫll (dative indefinite singular)
þǫllinni (dative definite singular)
þǫllum (dative indefinite plural)
þǫllunum (dative definite plural)
þallar (genitive indefinite singular)
þallarinnar (definite genitive singular)
þalla (genitive indefinite plural)
þallanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

þǫll

Icelandic: þöll f

Jamtish: toll m

Swedish: tall c

Inherited from Proto-Norse *ᚦᚨᛚᚢ (*þalu), from Proto-Germanic *þallō.


blóthús

non-noun

blóthús n (genitive blóthús, plural blóthús)

blóthús (genitive)
blóthús (plural)
blóthús (indefinite nominative singular)
blóthúsit (definite nominative singular)
blóthús (indefinite nominative plural)
blóthúsin (definite nominative plural)
blóthús (accusative indefinite singular)
blóthúsit (accusative definite singular)
blóthús (accusative indefinite plural)
blóthúsin (accusative definite plural)
blóthúsi (dative indefinite singular)
blóthúsinu (dative definite singular)
blóthúsum (dative indefinite plural)
blóthúsunum (dative definite plural)
blóthús (genitive indefinite singular)
blóthúsins (definite genitive singular)
blóthúsa (genitive indefinite plural)
blóthúsanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

blóthús

Icelandic: blóthús

Norwegian Bokmål: blothus

Swedish: blothus

From Proto-Germanic *blōtahūsą. Cognate with Old High German bluozhūs.

þá stóð konungr upp ok segir, at Læsir ok á Lóm ok á Vága hafa tekit við kristni ok brotit niðr blóthús sín, ok trúa nú á sannan guð

Then the king stood up and said that Læsir and those of Lom and Vági had accepted Christianity and torn down their sacrificial huts, and now believe in the true god

(Germanic paganism) heathen temple, sacrificial hut


hǫfnum

first-person plural present active indicative

inflection of hafna:
first-person plural active imperative


gáfumk

first-person singular past mediopassive indicative of gefa


gefumk

first-person singular present mediopassive indicative/subjunctive of gefa


erumk

first-person singular present mediopassive indicative of vera


fórsk

third-person singular past mediopassive indicative of fara


raktisk

second/third-person singular past mediopassive indicative of rekja


ljóti

weak masculine nominative singular of ljótr


fróðum

inflection of fróðr:
strong masculine dative singular

strong/weak masculine/feminine/neuter dative plural


vrǫngum

inflection of vrangr:
strong masculine dative singular


drekku

accusative/dative/genitive singular of drekka


harðgeðr

harðr (“hard, stern”) + -geðr (“minded”)


starði

third-person singular past active indicative of stara


drepins

strong masculine/neuter genitive singular of drepinn


borðróins

strong masculine/neuter genitive singular of borðróinn


drepit

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of drepinn


drepnir

strong masculine nominative plural of drepinn


róit

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of róinn


haussprengi

accusative/dative singular of haussprengir


fangboða

inflection of fangboði:
oblique singular

inflection of fangboði:
accusative/genitive plural


hrokkit

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of hrokkinn


fangboði

non-noun

fangboði m (genitive fangboða, plural fangboðar)

fangboða (genitive)
fangboðar (plural)
fangboði (indefinite nominative singular)
fangboðinn (definite nominative singular)
fangboðar (indefinite nominative plural)
fangboðarnir (definite nominative plural)
fangboða (accusative indefinite singular)
fangboðann (accusative definite singular)
fangboða (accusative indefinite plural)
fangboðana (accusative definite plural)
fangboða (dative indefinite singular)
fangboðanum (dative definite singular)
fangboðum (dative indefinite plural)
fangboðunum (dative definite plural)
fangboða (genitive indefinite singular)
fangboðans (definite genitive singular)
fangboða (genitive indefinite plural)
fangboðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

fangboði

fang (“hold; wrestling”) + boði (“messenger”), from bjóða (“to offer”).

compound

(hapax legomenon) wrestling-challenger; someone who challenges another to wrestle


fangvinr

non-noun

fangvinr m (genitive fangvinar, plural fangvinir)

fangvinar (genitive)
fangvinir (plural)
fangvinr (indefinite nominative singular)
fangvinrinn (definite nominative singular)
fangvinir (indefinite nominative plural)
fangvinirnir (definite nominative plural)
fangvin (accusative indefinite singular)
fangvininn (accusative definite singular)
fangvini (accusative indefinite plural)
fangvinina (accusative definite plural)
fangvin (dative indefinite singular)
fangvininum (dative definite singular)
fangvinum (dative indefinite plural)
fangvinunum (dative definite plural)
fangvinar (genitive indefinite singular)
fangvinarins (definite genitive singular)
fangvina (genitive indefinite plural)
fangvinanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

fangvinr

Icelandic: fangvinur

fang (“wrestling, grappling”) + vinr (“friend”)

compound

(wrestling) a wrestling opponent; one with which one grapples


fangvina

non-noun

fangvina f (genitive fangvinu, plural fangvina)

fangvinu (genitive)
fangvina (plural)
fangvina (indefinite nominative singular)
fangvinan (definite nominative singular)
fangvinur (indefinite nominative plural)
fangvinurnar (definite nominative plural)
fangvinu (accusative indefinite singular)
fangvinuna (accusative definite singular)
fangvinur (accusative indefinite plural)
fangvinurnar (accusative definite plural)
fangvinu (dative indefinite singular)
fangvinunni (dative definite singular)
fangvinum (dative indefinite plural)
fangvinunum (dative definite plural)
fangvinu (genitive indefinite singular)
fangvinunnar (definite genitive singular)
fangvinna (genitive indefinite plural)
fangvinnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

fangvina

fang (“wrestling, grappling”) + vina (“female friend”)

compound

(wrestling) a female wrestling opponent; one with which one grapples


fangvinu

accusative/dative/genitive singular of fangvina


fangvinur

nominative/accusative plural of fangvina


þafðan

strong masculine accusative singular of þafðr


vildit

hann vildit þat


pundari

non-noun

pundari m (genitive pundari, plural pundarar)

pundari (genitive)
pundarar (plural)
pundari (indefinite nominative singular)
pundarinn (definite nominative singular)
pundarar (indefinite nominative plural)
pundararnir (definite nominative plural)
pundara (accusative indefinite singular)
pundarann (accusative definite singular)
pundara (accusative indefinite plural)
pundarana (accusative definite plural)
pundara (dative indefinite singular)
pundaranum (dative definite singular)
pundarum (dative indefinite plural)
pundarunum (dative definite plural)
pundara (genitive indefinite singular)
pundarans (definite genitive singular)
pundara (genitive indefinite plural)
pundaranna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

pundari

Icelandic: pundari

Norwegian Bokmål: punder

Old Swedish: pundari

Swedish: pyndare

→ Finnish: puntari

From Old English pundere or German Low German Punder, from medieval Latin pondarium.


signir

second/third-person singular present active indicative

second-person singular present active subjunctive


pundara

inflection of pundari:
accusative/dative/genitive singular

inflection of pundari:
accusative/genitive plural


ljóðpundara

inflection of ljóðpundari:
accusative/dative/genitive singular

inflection of ljóðpundari:
accusative/genitive plural


freistaði

third-person singular past active indicative/subjunctive

third-person plural past active subjunctive


hrýss

second/third-person singular present active indicative of hrjósa


heita á

head

heita á (singular past indicative hét á, plural past indicative hétu á, past participle áheitinn)

hét á (indicative past singular)
hétu á (indicative past plural)
áheitinn (participle past)

Landnámabók
hann trúði á Krist, en hét á Þór til sjófara ok harðræða
he believed in Christ, but called upon Þórr for (help with) sea-journeys and hard plights.

Ullr heitir einn, sonr Sifjar, stúpsonr Þórs. Hann er bogmaðr svá góðr ok skíðfærr svá, at engi má við hann keppast. Hann er ok fagr álitum ok hefir hermanns atgervi. Á hann er ok gott at heita í einvígi.

Ullr one is called, the son of Sif, step-son of Þórr. He is an archer so good, and so fleet on skis, that no man may compete against him. He also fair of countenance and has a warrior’s equipment. It is also good to call upon him in duels.


hét á

first/third-person singular past active indicative of heita á


þekkar

strong feminine nominative/accusative plural of þekkr


sagðan

strong masculine accusative singular of sagðr


hvél

non-decl-blank-full

hvél

hvél (indefinite nominative singular)
hvélit (definite nominative singular)
hvél (indefinite nominative plural)
hvélin (definite nominative plural)
hvél (accusative indefinite singular)
hvélit (accusative definite singular)
hvél (accusative indefinite plural)
hvélin (accusative definite plural)
hvéli (dative indefinite singular)
hvélinu (dative definite singular)
hvélum (dative indefinite plural)
hvélunum (dative definite plural)
hvéls (genitive indefinite singular)
hvélsins (definite genitive singular)
hvéla (genitive indefinite plural)
hvélanna (definite genitive plural)
hvel (alternative)

Icelandic: hvel

Faroese: hvæl

Norwegian Nynorsk: kvel

From Proto-Germanic *hwehwlą, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷekʷlóm. Compare Old Saxon hwiol, Old Frisian hwēl.


hyggjum

first-person plural present active indicative

inflection of hyggja:
first-person plural active imperative


hyggið

second-person plural present active indicative/subjunctive

inflection of hyggja:
second-person plural active imperative


hyggir

second-person singular present active subjunctive of hyggja


hyggim

first-person plural present active subjunctive of hyggja


hugðir

second-person singular past active indicative of hyggja


hugðum

first-person plural past active indicative of hyggja


hugðuð

second-person plural past active indicative of hyggja


hygðir

second-person singular past active subjunctive of hyggja


hygði

third-person singular/plural past active subjunctive of hyggja


hygðim

first-person plural past active subjunctive of hyggja


hygðið

second-person plural past active subjunctive of hyggja


hyggjumk

first-person singular present mediopassive indicative/subjunctive of hyggja


hyggsk

second/third-person singular present mediopassive indicative

second-person singular mediopassive imperative


ávarðr

Icelandic: ávarður

Compound of á (“on”) + varðr (“protected”), second element past participle of verja (“to protect”).

com+

goðum ávarðr · með gumna fjǫlð

962, Egill Skallagrímsson, ”Arinbjarnarkviða”, verse 19

dear to the gods among the multitude of men

(religion) dear to, favoured, protected (by divine forces)


bǿta

head

bǿta (singular past indicative bǿtti, plural past indicative bǿtti, past participle bǿttr)

bǿtti (indicative past singular)
bǿtti (indicative past plural)
bǿttr (participle past)
bǿta (infinitive)
bǿtandi (participle present)
bǿttr (participle past)
bǿti (first-person indicative present singular)
bǿtta (first-person indicative past singular)
bǿta (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bǿtta (first-person past singular subjunctive)
bǿtir (indicative present second-person singular)
bǿttir (indicative past second-person singular)
bǿtir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bǿttir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
bǿtir (indicative present singular third-person)
bǿtti (indicative past singular third-person)
bǿti (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bǿtti (past singular subjunctive third-person)
bǿtum (first-person indicative plural present)
bǿttum (first-person indicative past plural)
bǿtim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bǿttim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
bǿtið (indicative plural present second-person)
bǿttuð (indicative past plural second-person)
bǿtið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bǿttið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
bǿta (indicative plural present third-person)
bǿttu (indicative past plural third-person)
bǿti (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bǿtti (past plural subjunctive third-person)
bǿt (present second-person singular)
bǿti (present second-person singular)
bǿtum (first-person plural present)
bǿtið (plural present second-person)
bǿtask (infinitive)
bǿtandisk (participle present)
bǿzk (participle past)
bǿtumk (first-person indicative present singular)
bǿttumk (first-person indicative past singular)
bǿtumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bǿttumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
bǿtisk (indicative present second-person singular)
bǿttisk (indicative past second-person singular)
bǿtisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bǿttisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
bǿtisk (indicative present singular third-person)
bǿttisk (indicative past singular third-person)
bǿtisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
bǿttisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
bǿtumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
bǿttumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
bǿtimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
bǿttimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
bǿtizk (indicative plural present second-person)
bǿttuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
bǿtizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
bǿttizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
bǿtask (indicative plural present third-person)
bǿttusk (indicative past plural third-person)
bǿtisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
bǿttisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
bǿzk (present second-person singular)
bǿtisk (present second-person singular)
bǿtumsk (first-person plural present)
bǿtizk (plural present second-person)
bœta (alternative)
bꝍta (alternative)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of bǿta — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of bǿta — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

Icelandic: bæta

Faroese: bøta

Norwegian Nynorsk: bøta

Old Swedish: bøta

Swedish: böta

Danish: bøde

Norwegian Bokmål: bøte

to improve, to better something, to correct something [with accusative]

to improve somebody's ways [with accusative]

to add to, to make a contribution [with accusative]

+obj

dative ‘someone’ and accusative ‘for something’; with accusative ‘for something’ and við (+ accusative) ‘someone’

to compensate, to make good [with dative ‘someone’ and accusative ‘for something’; or with accusative ‘for something’ and við (+ accusative) ‘someone’]

dat<someone> + gen/:af(dat)<of a disease>

dative ‘someone’ along with genitive af (+ dative) ‘of a disease’

to relieve, to remedy, to mend, to cure [with dative ‘someone’, along with genitive or af (+ dative) ‘of a disease’]


ákall

ákalls (genitive)
ákall (indefinite nominative singular)
ákallit (definite nominative singular)
ákǫll (indefinite nominative plural)
ákǫllin (definite nominative plural)
ákall (accusative indefinite singular)
ákallit (accusative definite singular)
ákǫll (accusative indefinite plural)
ákǫllin (accusative definite plural)
ákalli (dative indefinite singular)
ákallinu (dative definite singular)
ákǫllum (dative indefinite plural)
ákǫllunum (dative definite plural)
ákalls (genitive indefinite singular)
ákallsins (definite genitive singular)
ákalla (genitive indefinite plural)
ákallanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

ákall

Icelandic: ákall

From á- (“on, upon”) + kall (“call, cry, shouting”). Equivalent to verbal noun from kalla á (“to call upon”).

prefix

ákall til lands


ár ok friðr

plenty and peace; prosperity of a kingdom


auð-

Icelandic: auð-; auð (adverb)

Faroese: eyð-

Norwegian: aud-

From Proto-Germanic *auþuz (“easy”). Cognate with Old English īeþ-.

auð- + sýnn (“seen”) → auðsýnn (“easily seen”)


harðgǫrr

Icelandic: harðger, harðgjör

⇒ Icelandic: harðgerður

Compound of harðr (“hard”) + gǫrr (“made, ready”)

com+

harðgerr (alternative)
harðgørr (alternative)


ballriða

inflection of ballriði:
accusative/dative/genitive singular

inflection of ballriði:
accusative/genitive plural


brō

Old Danish: bro

Danish: bro

Norwegian Bokmål: bro

Swedish: bro

From Proto-Germanic *brōwō, *brūwō. Doublet of brú.


ginn-

From Proto-Norse ᚷᛁᚾᛟ- (gino-), ᚷᛁᚾᛡ- (ginᴀ-), from Proto-Germanic *ginna-. Cognate with Old English ginne (“wide, vast”).

ginn- + heilagr (“holy”) → ginnheilagr (“high holy, sacrosanct”)

(rare, Germanic paganism) great, holy, powerful


biða

first-person singular past active subjunctive of bíða


Uladztir

→ English: Ulster

Possibly borrowed from Old Irish Ulaid (“Ulsterman”)


ǫrfu

accusative/dative/genitive singular of arfa


grimd

non-decl-blank-sing

grimd

grimd (indefinite nominative singular)
grimdin (definite nominative singular)
grimd (accusative indefinite singular)
grimdina (accusative definite singular)
grimd (dative indefinite singular)
grimdinni (dative definite singular)
grimdar (genitive indefinite singular)
grimdarinnar (definite genitive singular)
grimmd (alternative)

Icelandic: grimmd

Faroese: grimd

From Proto-Germanic *grimmiþō, *gremmeþō.


klæki

non-decl-blank-full

klæki

klæki (indefinite nominative singular)
klækit (definite nominative singular)
klæki (indefinite nominative plural)
klækin (definite nominative plural)
klæki (accusative indefinite singular)
klækit (accusative definite singular)
klæki (accusative indefinite plural)
klækin (accusative definite plural)
klæki (dative indefinite singular)
klækinu (dative definite singular)
klækum (dative indefinite plural)
klækunum (dative definite plural)
klækis (genitive indefinite singular)
klækisins (definite genitive singular)
klæka (genitive indefinite plural)
klækanna (definite genitive plural)


skeifr

non-adj

skeifr (comparative skeifari, superlative skeifastr)

skeifari (comparative)
skeifastr (superlative)

Icelandic: skeifur

Faroese: skeivur

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: skeiv; (dialectal) skeiv'u, skeiv'e

→ Norwegian Bokmål: skeiv

Old Swedish: skēver

Swedish: skev

Gutnish: skaiv

Old Danish: skev

Danish: skæv, skjæv, skjev

Norwegian Bokmål: skjev

From Proto-Germanic *skaibaz, from Proto-Indo-European *skoypós. Akin to English skew.


Ulaztir

Possibly borrowed from Old Irish Ulaidh tír (“Land of Ulsterman”)


blǿt

first-person singular present active indicative of blóta


blǿtr

second/third-person singular present active indicative of blóta


blétu

third-person plural past active indicative of blóta


blétim

first-person plural past active subjunctive of blóta


slǿgi

weak masculine nominative singular of slǿgr


Ꜹ

capital form of ꜹ (used interchangeably as the capital form of ꜷ)


hlœgja

beygðr (participle past)
hlœgja (infinitive)
hlœgjandi (participle present)
hlœgðr (participle past)
hlœgi (first-person indicative present singular)
hlœgða (first-person indicative past singular)
hlœgja (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hlœgða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
hlœgir (indicative present second-person singular)
hlœgðir (indicative past second-person singular)
hlœgir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hlœgðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
hlœgir (indicative present singular third-person)
hlœgði (indicative past singular third-person)
hlœgi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hlœgði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
hlœgjum (first-person indicative plural present)
hlœgðum (first-person indicative past plural)
hlœgim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hlœgðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
hlœgið (indicative plural present second-person)
hlœgðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
hlœgið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hlœgðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
hlœgja (indicative plural present third-person)
hlœgðu (indicative past plural third-person)
hlœgi (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hlœgði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
hlœg (present second-person singular)
hlœgi (present second-person singular)
hlœgjum (first-person plural present)
hlœgið (plural present second-person)
hlœgjask (infinitive)
hlœgjandisk (participle present)
hlœgzk (participle past)
hlœgjumk (first-person indicative present singular)
hlœgðumk (first-person indicative past singular)
hlœgjumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hlœgðumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
hlœgisk (indicative present second-person singular)
hlœgðisk (indicative past second-person singular)
hlœgisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hlœgðisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
hlœgisk (indicative present singular third-person)
hlœgðisk (indicative past singular third-person)
hlœgisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hlœgðisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
hlœgjumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
hlœgðumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
hlœgimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hlœgðimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
hlœgizk (indicative plural present second-person)
hlœgðuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
hlœgizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hlœgðizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
hlœgjask (indicative plural present third-person)
hlœgðusk (indicative past plural third-person)
hlœgisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hlœgðisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
hlœgsk (present second-person singular)
hlœgisk (present second-person singular)
hlœgjumsk (first-person plural present)
hlœgizk (plural present second-person)
hlǿgja (alternative)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of hlœgja — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of hlœgja — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

Icelandic: hlægja

From Proto-Germanic *hlōgijaną. Causative of hlæja (“laugh”).


ámr

Icelandic: ámur

From Proto-Germanic *ēmaz or similar; cognate with Old English ōm (“rust”), ōme (“rash”) and dialectal German Ahm, Ohm (“erysipelas; a type of liquor (kornbrand)”), and so equivalent to áma (“erysipelas”) + -r. See Proto-Germanic *ēmǭ. Further origin uncertain: possibly from the root of aska (“ash”) (see Proto-Indo-European *h₂eHs- (“to burn, dry”)) with a different suffix, but this is considered doubtful.


herfiligr

Icelandic: herfilegur

Perhaps related to Proto-West Germanic *haru. The suffix is -ligr.


dáligr

Icelandic: dálegur

Norwegian Nynorsk: dåleg

Old Danish: dålig

Danish: dårlig

Norwegian Bokmål: dårlig

→ Icelandic: dárlegur

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: dårleg

Swedish: dålig

Uncertain. The suffix is -ligr. Possibly from dá (“unconsciousness”), itself of potential connection to Proto-Germanic *dawjaną (“to die”).


fallhaddr

Icelandic: fallhaddur

flowing-haired, having freely flowing/loose hair


fallhadds

strong masculine/neuter genitive singular of fallhaddr


lǫgmaðr

non-decl-blank-full

lǫgmaðr

lǫgmaðr (indefinite nominative singular)
lǫgmaðrinn (definite nominative singular)
lǫgmenn (indefinite nominative plural)
lǫgmenninir (definite nominative plural)
lǫgmann (accusative indefinite singular)
lǫgmanninn (accusative definite singular)
lǫgmenn (accusative indefinite plural)
lǫgmennina (accusative definite plural)
lǫgmanni (dative indefinite singular)
lǫgmanninum (dative definite singular)
lǫgmǫnnum (dative indefinite plural)
lǫgmǫnnunum (dative definite plural)
lǫgmanns (genitive indefinite singular)
lǫgmannsins (definite genitive singular)
lǫgmanna (genitive indefinite plural)
lǫgmannanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: lögmaður

Faroese: løgmaður

Old Swedish: laghman

Swedish: lagman

→ Finnish: laamanni

From lǫg (“law”) + maðr (“man”). Compare Old Frisian āsega, which seems to refer to a similar office.


feigir

strong masculine nominative plural of feigr


feigra

strong masculine/feminine/neuter genitive plural of feigr


feigðarorð

feigðarorð

feigðarorð (indefinite nominative singular)
feigðarorðit (definite nominative singular)
feigðarorð (indefinite nominative plural)
feigðarorðin (definite nominative plural)
feigðarorð (accusative indefinite singular)
feigðarorðit (accusative definite singular)
feigðarorð (accusative indefinite plural)
feigðarorðin (accusative definite plural)
feigðarorði (dative indefinite singular)
feigðarorðinu (dative definite singular)
feigðarorðum (dative indefinite plural)
feigðarorðunum (dative definite plural)
feigðarorðs (genitive indefinite singular)
feigðarorðsins (definite genitive singular)
feigðarorða (genitive indefinite plural)
feigðarorðanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: feigðarorð

feigð (“feyness, imminent death or doom”) + orð (“word, speech”).


tjǫlduð

inflection of tjaldaðr:
strong feminine nominative singular

strong neuter nominative/accusative plural


tjaldat

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of tjaldaðr


timbruðum

inflection of timbraðr:
strong masculine dative singular

strong/weak masculine/feminine/neuter dative plural


hátimbruðum

inflection of hátimbraðr:
strong masculine dative singular


hátimbra

head

hátimbra (singular past indicative hátimbraði, plural past indicative hátimbruðu, past participle hátimbraðr)

hátimbraði (indicative past singular)
hátimbruðu (indicative past plural)
hátimbraðr (participle past)
hátimbra (infinitive)
hátimbrandi (participle present)
hátimbraðr (participle past)
hátimbra (first-person indicative present singular)
hátimbraða (first-person indicative past singular)
hátimbra (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hátimbraða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
hátimbrar (indicative present second-person singular)
hátimbraðir (indicative past second-person singular)
hátimbrir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hátimbraðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
hátimbrar (indicative present singular third-person)
hátimbraði (indicative past singular third-person)
hátimbri (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hátimbraði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
hátimbrum (first-person indicative plural present)
hátimbruðum (first-person indicative past plural)
hátimbrim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hátimbraðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
hátimbrið (indicative plural present second-person)
hátimbruðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
hátimbrið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hátimbraðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
hátimbra (indicative plural present third-person)
hátimbruðu (indicative past plural third-person)
hátimbri (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hátimbraði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
hátimbra (present second-person singular)
hátimbrum (first-person plural present)
hátimbrið (plural present second-person)
hátimbrask (infinitive)
hátimbrandisk (participle present)
hátimbrazk (participle past)
hátimbrumk (first-person indicative present singular)
hátimbruðumk (first-person indicative past singular)
hátimbrumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hátimbruðumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
hátimbrask (indicative present second-person singular)
hátimbraðisk (indicative past second-person singular)
hátimbrisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hátimbraðisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
hátimbrask (indicative present singular third-person)
hátimbraðisk (indicative past singular third-person)
hátimbrisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hátimbraðisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
hátimbrumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
hátimbruðumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
hátimbrimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hátimbraðimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
hátimbrizk (indicative plural present second-person)
hátimbruðuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
hátimbrizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hátimbraðizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
hátimbrask (indicative plural present third-person)
hátimbruðusk (indicative past plural third-person)
hátimbrisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hátimbraðisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
hátimbrask (present second-person singular)
hátimbrumsk (first-person plural present)
hátimbrizk (plural present second-person)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of hátimbra — active (weak class 2)

Conjugation of hátimbra — mediopassive (weak class 2)

non-conj-table

From hár (“high”) + timbra (“build of timber”)

com

Nóatún eru in elliptu, · en þar Njǫrðr hefir
sér um gǫrva sali;
manna þengill, · inn meins-vani
há-timbruðum hǫrgi ræðr.
Nóatun is the eleventh (divine dwelling-place), and there Njǫrðr has made himself a hall.
That guileless prince of men (= Njǫrðr) rules a hǫrgr timbered on high.


hátimbruðu

third-person plural past active indicative of hátimbra


hjǫlp

non-noun

hjǫlp f (genitive hjalpar, plural hjalpir)

hjalpar (genitive)
hjalpir (plural)
hjǫlp (indefinite nominative singular)
hjǫlpin (definite nominative singular)
hjalpir (indefinite nominative plural)
hjalpirnar (definite nominative plural)
hjǫlp (accusative indefinite singular)
hjǫlpina (accusative definite singular)
hjalpir (accusative indefinite plural)
hjalpirnar (accusative definite plural)
hjǫlp (dative indefinite singular)
hjǫlpinni (dative definite singular)
hjǫlpum (dative indefinite plural)
hjǫlpunum (dative definite plural)
hjalpar (genitive indefinite singular)
hjalparinnar (definite genitive singular)
hjalpa (genitive indefinite plural)
hjalpanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

hjǫlp

Icelandic: hjálp

Faroese: hjálp

Elfdalian: jåp

Old Swedish: hiælp

Swedish: hjälp

Danish: hjælp

Norwegian Bokmål: hjelp

Gutnish: hjälp

Norwegian Nynorsk: hjelp


setjum

first-person plural present active indicative

inflection of setja:
first-person plural active imperative


settum

first-person plural past active indicative of setja


setið

second-person plural present active indicative/subjunctive

inflection of setja:
second-person plural active imperative


settuð

second-person plural past active indicative of setja


settim

first-person plural past active subjunctive of setja


settið

second-person plural past active subjunctive of setja


setjask

inflection of setja:
mediopassive infinitive

third-person plural present mediopassive indicative


setjandisk

mediopassive present participle of setja


sezk

inflection of setja:
mediopassive past participle

second/third-person singular present mediopassive indicative

second-person singular mediopassive imperative


setjumk

first-person singular present mediopassive indicative/subjunctive of setja


settumk

first-person singular past mediopassive indicative/subjunctive of setja


settisk

second/third-person singular past mediopassive indicative/subjunctive

third-person plural past mediopassive subjunctive


setjumsk

first-person plural present mediopassive indicative

first-person plural mediopassive imperative


settumsk

first-person plural past mediopassive indicative of setja


setizk

second-person plural present mediopassive indicative/subjunctive

second-person plural mediopassive imperative


settuzk

second-person plural past mediopassive indicative of setja


settusk

third-person plural past mediopassive indicative of setja


setisk

second/third-person singular present mediopassive subjunctive

third-person plural present mediopassive subjunctive


setimsk

first-person plural present mediopassive subjunctive of setja


settimsk

first-person plural past mediopassive subjunctive of setja


settizk

second-person plural past mediopassive subjunctive of setja


þriðjungr

→ Old English: *þriðing

Middle English: trithing

English: trithing

Saga skálda Haralds konúngs hárfagra https://heimskringla.no/wiki/Saga_sk%C3%A1lda_Haralds_kon%C3%BAngs_h%C3%A1rfagra:
[…] er þriðjúngr lifði nætr.
[…] when a third of the night remained.


veðreygr

veðr (“storm, weather”) + eygr (“eyed”).

Wayland, passing over a long way.

900s, Vǫlundarkviða Kom þar af veiði · veðreygr skyti, Vǫlundr, líðandi · of langan veg There came from the hunt the storm-eyed shooter


njóti

third-person singular/plural present active subjunctive of njóta


notit

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of notinn


fǿðir

second/third-person singular present active indicative

second-person singular present active subjunctive


markaðr

non-noun

markaðr m (genitive markaðs, plural markaðar)

markaðs (genitive)
markaðar (plural)
markaðr (indefinite nominative singular)
markaðrinn (definite nominative singular)
markaðar (indefinite nominative plural)
markaðarnir (definite nominative plural)
markað (accusative indefinite singular)
markaðinn (accusative definite singular)
markaða (accusative indefinite plural)
markaðana (accusative definite plural)
markaði (dative indefinite singular)
markaðinum (dative definite singular)
markaðum (dative indefinite plural)
markaðunum (dative definite plural)
markaðs (genitive indefinite singular)
markaðsins (definite genitive singular)
markaða (genitive indefinite plural)
markaðanna (definite genitive plural)
marknaðr (alternative)

non-decl-blank-full

markaðr

Icelandic: markaður

Faroese: marknaður

Norwegian Nynorsk: marknad

Swedish: marknad

Danish: marked

Norwegian Bokmål: marked

desctree

→ Middle Welsh: marchnat
Welsh: marchnad

Borrowed from Old Saxon markat, from Proto-West Germanic *markat (“market”).


hlátr

Icelandic: hlátur

Faroese: látur

Norwegian Nynorsk: lått

→ Norwegian Bokmål: lått

Old Swedish: lāter

Danish: latter

Norwegian Bokmål: latter

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: latter

Gutnish: latter

Scanian: latter

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *hlahtruz, *hlahtraz. Cognate with Old English hleahtor, Old High German lahtar.


Véþormr

Véþorms (genitive)
Véþormr (indefinite nominative)
Véþorm (accusative indefinite)
Véþormi (dative indefinite)
Véþorms (genitive indefinite)

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Véþormr

From vé (“(heathen) sanctuary”) + þormr (“reverent, merciful”). Second element of the same root as the verb þyrma.


heyrðuð

second-person plural past active indicative of heyra


ᛒᚱᚢᚾᛁᛅ

ᛏᚢᚱᛁ ᛬ ᛋᛅᛏᛁ ᛬ ᛋᛏᛁᚾ ᛬ ᚦᚬᚾᛋᛁ ᛬ ᛅᚠᛏᛁᚱ ᛬ ᛅᛋᚴᚢᛏ ᛬ ᛒᚱᚢᚦᚢᚱ ᛬ ᛋᛁᚾ ᛬ ᛁᛅᚱ ᛬ ᛒᛅᚱᚦᛁ ᛬ ᛁᛅᛏᛏᛁᚾ ᛬ ᚦᛁᚴᚱᛅ ᛬ ᛁ ᛬ ᛁᛅᛏᚢᛋᛏᚢᚾ ᛬ ᛅᚢᚴ ᛬ ᛒᚱᚢᚾᛁᛅ ᛬ ᚠᛁᚴ ᛬ ᚼᛅᚱᚦᛅ ᛬ ᚴᚢᚦᛅᚾ ᛫
turi : sati : stin : þonsi : aftir : askut : bruþur : sin : iar : barþi : iattin : þikra : i : iatustun : auk : brunia : fik : harþa : kuþan ·

c. 980–1015, inscription on Järmstastenen (Ög 60)

Ture placed this stone after his brother Ásgautr, which and byrnie had to endure well.


myrðir

myrðis (genitive)
myrðir (indefinite nominative singular)
myrðirinn (definite nominative singular)
myrðar (indefinite nominative plural)
myrðarnir (definite nominative plural)
myrði (accusative indefinite singular)
myrðinn (accusative definite singular)
myrða (accusative indefinite plural)
myrðana (accusative definite plural)
myrði (dative indefinite singular)
myrðinum (dative definite singular)
myrðum (dative indefinite plural)
myrðunum (dative definite plural)
myrðis (genitive indefinite singular)
myrðisins (definite genitive singular)
myrða (genitive indefinite plural)
myrðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

myrðir

Icelandic: myrðir

From Proto-Norse *ᛗᚢᚱᚦᛁᛃᚨᛉ (*murþijaʀ), equivalent to myrða (“to murder”) + -ir.


Norðreyjar

Literally, “Northern Isles”, from norðr (“north”) + eyjar (“islands”).


eineygja

inflection of eineygr:
strong feminine accusative singular

inflection of eineygr:
strong masculine accusative plural

weak feminine/neuter nominative singular

weak masculine/neuter accusative/dative/genitive singular


eineygr

Valr lá þar á sandi · vitinn inum eineygja
Friggjar faðmbyggvi; · fǫgnuðum dǫ́ð slíkri.

c. 900 Þorbjǫrn hornklofi, Hrafnsmál, st. 12https://skaldic.ku.dk/q?p=skp/skalds/stanza/4322

The slain lay there on the sand, dedicated to the one-eyed
bosom-dweller [HUSBAND] of Frigg [= Odin]—we rejoiced in such deeds.


ríðum

first-person plural present active indicative

inflection of ríða:
first-person plural active imperative


víðlendr

Icelandic: víðlendur

Inherited from Proto-Norse *ᚹᛁᛞᚨᛚᚨᛞᛁᛉ (*widaladiʀ), equivalent to víðr (“wide”) + lendr (“landed”).


For example, ⟨qᷦ⟩ for quaðz 'said'


For example, ⟨mikᷞ⟩ for mikill 'great, tall'

an abbreviation of the letter ⟨ʟ⟩ or the sequence ⟨ill⟩


For example, ⟨hᷟ⟩ for honum 'him'


For example, ⟨mᷡ⟩ for menn 'men'

an abbreviation of the letter ⟨ɴ⟩ or the sequence ⟨enn⟩


For example, ⟨Gunnᷢ⟩ for Gunnarr 'Gunnar'


For example, ⟨þᷤ⟩ for þess 'this', ⟨hᷤ⟩ for hans 'his'.


For example, ⟨ıarᷘ,ıkı⟩ for jarðríki 'the kingdom of earth'

(There may be examples where it abbreviates insular d, ⟨ꝺ⟩.)


For example, ⟨ſpiotᷙ⟩ for spiotið 'the spear'


For example, ⟨xxxᫎͦᷚ⟩ (for 30 or 30th?)

an abbreviation of the letter ⟨g⟩ in numbers


For example, ⟨xxᷛͦ⟩ for tottogo 'twentieth'

an abbreviation of the letter ⟨ɢ⟩ in numbers


For example, ⟨mᷜ⟩ for mik 'me'

an abbreviation of the letter ⟨k⟩ (or ⟨c⟩) along with a preceding vowel e or i


For example, ⟨atqᷔðamikill⟩ for atqvæðamikill 'resolute'


For example, ⟨heĩqᷕmo⟩ for heimqvaomo 'return home'


For example, ⟨bᷖþſ fǿzla⟩ for brauðsføzla 'feeding with bread'

an abbreviation of the letter ⟨ꜷ⟩ or ⟨ꜹ⟩


For example, ⟨ꞇᷝ⟩ for til 'to'


For example, ⟨siðᷠ⟩ for siðan 'since'


For example, ⟨spᷣði⟩ for spurði 'asked'

an abbreviation of the letter ⟨ꝛ⟩ (r rotunda)


hallæri

hallæris (genitive)
hallæri (indefinite nominative singular)
hallærit (definite nominative singular)
hallæri (indefinite nominative plural)
hallærin (definite nominative plural)
hallæri (accusative indefinite singular)
hallærit (accusative definite singular)
hallæri (accusative indefinite plural)
hallærin (accusative definite plural)
hallæri (dative indefinite singular)
hallærinu (dative definite singular)
hallærum (dative indefinite plural)
hallærunum (dative definite plural)
hallæris (genitive indefinite singular)
hallærisins (definite genitive singular)
hallæra (genitive indefinite plural)
hallæranna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

hallæri

From Proto-Germanic *halþajēriją, that is, hallr (“leaning over, sloping, awry”) + -æri (“year, harvest”). Compare Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬲𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 (dužiiāⁱriia, “bad year, drought, harvest bringing bad seasons”)

cog

hallæri veldr hvǫ́ru


fála

q

second sense influenced by <i class="Latn mention" lang="is">fælinn</i>?

Icelandic: fála (“adulterous woman; a shy sheep”) (second sense influenced by fælinn?)

From Proto-Germanic *fēlǭ, the feminine of *fēlaz (“terrifying”), related to fæla.


vána

head

vána (singular past indicative vánar, plural past indicative vánuðu, past participle vánaðr)

vánar (indicative past singular)
vánuðu (indicative past plural)
vánaðr (participle past)
vána (infinitive)
vánandi (participle present)
vánaðr (participle past)
vána (first-person indicative present singular)
vánaða (first-person indicative past singular)
vána (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vánaða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
vánar (indicative present second-person singular)
vánaðir (indicative past second-person singular)
vánir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vánaðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
vánar (indicative present singular third-person)
vánaði (indicative past singular third-person)
váni (present singular subjunctive third-person)
vánaði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
vánum (first-person indicative plural present)
vánuðum (first-person indicative past plural)
vánim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vánaðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
vánið (indicative plural present second-person)
vánuðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
vánið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vánaðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
vána (indicative plural present third-person)
vánuðu (indicative past plural third-person)
váni (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vánaði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
vána (present second-person singular)
vánum (first-person plural present)
vánið (plural present second-person)


slagr

non-decl-blank-full

slagr

slag (indefinite nominative singular)
slagit (definite nominative singular)
slagir (indefinite nominative plural)
slagirin (definite nominative plural)
slag (accusative indefinite singular)
slagit (accusative definite singular)
slagir (accusative indefinite plural)
slagirin (accusative definite plural)
slagi (dative indefinite singular)
slaginu (dative definite singular)
slagirum (dative indefinite plural)
slagirunum (dative definite plural)
slags (genitive indefinite singular)
slagsins (definite genitive singular)
slaga (genitive indefinite plural)
slaganna (definite genitive plural)

Unclear origin. Perhaps derived from Proto-Germanic *slagōną.


yrja

Old Swedish: øria f


frakkakonungrinn

definite nominative singular of frakkakonungr


frakkakonunginn

definite accusative singular of frakkakonungr


frakkakonunginum

definite dative singular of frakkakonungr


frakkakonungsins

definite genitive singular of frakkakonungr


frakkakonunga

accusative/genitive plural of frakkakonungr


frakkakonungarnir

definite nominative plural of frakkakonungr


frakkakonungana

definite accusative plural of frakkakonungr


frakkakonunganna

definite genitive plural of frakkakonungr


landreki

Icelandic: landreki

From land + *reki, from Proto-Germanic *rekô, from Proto-Germanic *rekaną; compare Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs. Cognate with the second component of English drake, Dutch draak and German Enterich.

(poetic, kenning) protector of the land, king


eyrendreki

From eyrendi + *reki, from Proto-Germanic *rekô, from Proto-Germanic *rekaną, Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs.


eyrendi

⇒ Old Norse: eyrendreki


sauðreki

From sauðr + *reki, from Proto-Germanic *rekô, from Proto-Germanic *rekaną, Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs, and sauðr from Proto-Germanic *sauþaz.


rækr

Icelandic: rækur

From Proto-Germanic *wrēkiz, vṛddhi gerundive of Proto-Germanic *wrekaną (“to chase out, evict”).


hjarðreki

From an alternative form of hjǫrð + *reki.


hældræpr

Icelandic: hældræpur

hæll (“heel”) + dræpr (“meant for kicking; deserving to be kicked”), from Proto-Germanic *drēpiz, vṛddhi gerundive of *drepaną (“to hit, strike”).

vrd

hældræpir halir


Sumarliði

Icelandic: Summarliði

Faroese: Summarliði

→ Scottish Gaelic: Somhairle

English: Sorley

sumar (“summer”) + liði (“slider, passer, walker”). Apart from its use as a name, sumarliði means “sailor”, since fleets were gathered in summer. Compare Vetrliði (“Winter-passer”) and Old English sumorlida (“summer fleet”).


Jakobsland

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Jakobsland

Jakobsland (indefinite nominative)
Jakobsland (accusative indefinite)
Jakobslandi (dative indefinite)
Jakobslands (genitive indefinite)

Icelandic: Jakobsland

Galicia (a medieval kingdom in modern northwestern Spain)


Garðaríki

Garðaríki

Garðaríki (indefinite nominative)
Garðaríki (accusative indefinite)
Garðaríki (dative indefinite)
Garðaríkis (genitive indefinite)

Icelandic: Garðaríki

From garðr (“farmstead, enclosure”) + ríki (“realm, kingdom”), i.e. “realm of the farmsteads”.

compound

Kievan Rus (a medieval principality in Eastern Europe centred around Kyiv; at its maximum extent covering much of modern Ukraine, Belarus and western Russia and considered an early predecessor of each country) (especially its northern part)


Austrvegr

desc

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: Austerveg (learned)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Austerveg (learned)

→ Swedish: Österväg (learned)

austr (“east”) + vegr (“way”), compare Norðvegr, Noregr (“Norway”).

Haraldur dvaldist í Garðaríki nokkura vetur og fór víða um Austurveg. Síðan byrjaði hann ferð sína út í Grikkland og hafði mikla sveit manna. Þá hélt hann til Miklagarðs

(Can we date this quote?), chapter 2, in Haralds saga Sigurðarsonar:

Harald stayed in Garðaríki for some years and fared far and wide around the Austurveg. Afterwards he began his journey out to Byzantium and had a large group of men. Then he held to Constantinople.

Route from the Varangians to the Greeks (the area roughly bounded by the Volga and Dnieper river systems, connecting Byzantium with ancient Scandinavia)


Miðgarðsormr

Icelandic: Miðgarðsormur

Swedish: Midgårdsormen (with definite suffix)

From Miðgarðr (“the Earth”) + ormr (“serpent”).


Véurr

From Proto-Norse *ᚹᛁᚺᚨᚹᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ (*wihawarjaʀ), from *ᚹᛁᚺᚨᛉ (*wihaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *wīhą, + *ᚹᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ (*warjaʀ). By surface analysis, vé (“mansion, house; temple, holy place”) + -urr (“guardian, defender”).

surf

(Norse mythology, poetic) Thor, especially in his role as protector of human settlements and temples


garmr

non-decl-blank-full

garmr

garmr (indefinite nominative singular)
garmrinn (definite nominative singular)
garmar (indefinite nominative plural)
garmarnir (definite nominative plural)
garm (accusative indefinite singular)
garminn (accusative definite singular)
garma (accusative indefinite plural)
garmana (accusative definite plural)
garmi (dative indefinite singular)
garminum (dative definite singular)
gǫrmum (dative indefinite plural)
gǫrmunum (dative definite plural)
garms (genitive indefinite singular)
garmsins (definite genitive singular)
garma (genitive indefinite plural)
garmanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: garmur

Uncertain, but possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to growl”).


Fáfnir

Faroese: Fávnir

Icelandic: Fáfnir

→ Swedish: Fafner, Fafne

Derived from faðma + -na + -ir, literally “fathomer”. The spelling fáfn- steems from an excrescence following the m, introducing a short /b/ or /p/, in turn morphing into an /f/, thus something akin to /faðmnair/ → /faðmb͡hnair/ → /fahmb͡hnir/ → /fámhp͡hnir/ → /fáfnir/ (compare Danish favne, Old Swedish fampna, fambna, from Old Norse faðma, “fathom”).

the one who embraces; the name of a dragon


gymir

gymir (genitive)
gymir (indefinite nominative singular)
gymirinn (definite nominative singular)
gymi (accusative indefinite singular)
gyminn (accusative definite singular)
gymi (dative indefinite singular)
gyminum (dative definite singular)
gymis (genitive indefinite singular)
gymisins (definite genitive singular)

non-decl-blank-sing

gymir

Icelandic: gymir

Uncertain. Possibly related to Icelandic gómur, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂- (“to yawn, gape”)


Gymir

Gymis (genitive)
Gymir (indefinite nominative)
Gymi (accusative indefinite)
Gymi (dative indefinite)
Gymis (genitive indefinite)

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Gymir

Icelandic: Gymir

Uncertain, probably formed from Proto-Norse *gumijaʀ or late Proto-Norse *gymeʀ. Some relate it to Old Norse gumi, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰmṓ (“earth”) + Proto-Germanic *-jaz (“agent suffix”). Others relate it to Old Norse gamall or Icelandic góa. Compare Old Norse gymbr and Icelandic gimbill, gimbur and Swedish gumse. Possibly ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéyōm 'winter'.
Alternatively from Old Norse gymir 'sea'.


valkyrjur

nominative/accusative plural of valkyrja


Óttarr

Icelandic: Óttarr, Óttar

Faroese: Óttar, Ottar

Norwegian: Ottar

Swedish: Ottar

Believed to be from ótti (“fear”) + herr (“army”), from Proto-Germanic *Uhtaharjaz. Cognate with Old English Ohthere.


valkjósandi

non-decl-blank-full

valkjósandi

valkjósandi (indefinite nominative singular)
valkjósandinn (definite nominative singular)
valkjósanda (accusative indefinite singular)
valkjósandann (accusative definite singular)
valkjósanda (dative indefinite singular)
valkjósandanum (dative definite singular)
valkjósanda (genitive indefinite singular)
valkjósandans (definite genitive singular)
valkjósanda (genitive indefinite plural)
valkjósandanna (definite genitive plural)

val (“the slain”) + kjósa (“choose”) + -andi (“-er”). Compare the older compound valkyrja (“valkyrie”).

affix

(poetic, Norse mythology) Chooser of the Slain, epithet of Odin


valkjósanda

accusative/dative/genitive singular of valkjósandi


gandr

gands (genitive)
gandr (indefinite nominative singular)
gandrinn (definite nominative singular)
gandar (indefinite nominative plural)
gandarnir (definite nominative plural)
gand (accusative indefinite singular)
gandinn (accusative definite singular)
ganda (accusative indefinite plural)
gandana (accusative definite plural)
gandi (dative indefinite singular)
gandinum (dative definite singular)
gǫndum (dative indefinite plural)
gǫndunum (dative definite plural)
gands (genitive indefinite singular)
gandsins (definite genitive singular)
ganda (genitive indefinite plural)
gandanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

gandr

desc

Icelandic: gandur (“a riding animal; (archaic) a wolf, a dangerous beast; a magic staff”)

Faroese: gandur (“black magic”)

→ Latin: gandus

Inherited from Proto-Norse *ᚷᚨᚾᛞᚨᛉ (*gandaʀ) (attested in adjective ᚢᚾᚷᚨᚾᛞᛁᛉ (ungandiʀ, “not bewitched”)), from Proto-Germanic *gandaz.

spágandr

prophecy-"gand"; a spirit invoked in divination?

Fóstbrǿðra saga (“The Saga of the Sworn Brothers”), chapter 23

And, awakening, she was painfully short of breath. Badwar, her son, then said: "You sounded pained in your sleep, mother, or has something happened to thee?" Thurdis answers: "I have roamed far with my gands tonight, and am now wise about such things as I knew not before."

En er hún vaknar hratt hún mǿðilega ǫndunni. Bǫðvarr son hennar mælti þá: “Þú lézt illa í svefni móðir, eða hefir nokkut fyrir þik borit?" Þórdís svarar: "Víða hefi ek gǫndum rennt í nótt; ok em ek nú vís orðin þeira hluta, er ek vissa eigi áðr."

Her eptir samnaz saman með Hertnið konungi mikill her. Ok hans kona Ostacia ferr út ok rærði sinn gand—þat kǫllom vér at hon færi at seiða, svá sem gǫrt var í forneskju—at fjǫlkungar konur, þær er vér kǫllom vǫlur, skyldu seiða hónum seið. Svá mikit gerði hon af sér i fjǫlkyngi ok trollskap, at hon seiddi til sin margskonar dýr, léona ok bjǫrnu ok flugdreka stóra. Hon tamði þá alla þar til at þeir lýddo henni, ok hon mátti vísa þeim á hendr sínom úvinum.
After this a great army gathers around king Hertnid, and his wife Ostacia goes out and reared her gand—by which we mean that she went out to practice magic (seiðr) as was done in ancient times—that the sorcerous women which we call walas should aid him by seiðr. She accomplished so much by sorcery and trollship that she bewitched for herself all kinds of animals; lions and bears and great flying dragons. She tamed them all until they obeyed her and she could set them upon her enemies.


síðim

first-person plural present active subjunctive of síða


leggjumk

first-person singular present mediopassive indicative/subjunctive of leggja


gunnveggr

non-decl-blank-full

gunnveggr

gunnveggr (indefinite nominative singular)
gunnveggrinn (definite nominative singular)
gunnveggir (indefinite nominative plural)
gunnveggirnir (definite nominative plural)
gunnvegg (accusative indefinite singular)
gunnvegginn (accusative definite singular)
gunnveggi (accusative indefinite plural)
gunnveggina (accusative definite plural)
gunnvegg (dative indefinite singular)
gunnvegginum (dative definite singular)
gunnveggjum (dative indefinite plural)
gunnveggjunum (dative definite plural)
gunnveggjar (genitive indefinite singular)
gunnveggs (genitive indefinite singular)
gunnveggjarins (definite genitive singular)
gunnveggsins (definite genitive singular)
gunnveggja (genitive indefinite plural)
gunnveggjanna (definite genitive plural)

Compound of gunnr (“war, battle”) + veggr (“wall”).


þingbítr

Compound of þing (“legal assembly; Thing”) + bítr (“biter”), that is, “one who is vicious, sharp-witted, ruthless on the Thing”.

com+

Norna-Gests þáttr
En hann svarar: "Þórðr hét faðir minn ok var kallaðr þingbítr, danskr at kyni. Hann bjó á þeim bǿ í Danmǫrk, er Grǿningr heitir."

And he (Norn-Guest) answers: "Thord was my father's name, and he was called thingbiter, of Danish ancestry. He lived on a farm in Denmark called Greening."


Gullintanni

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Gullintanni

Gullintanni (indefinite nominative)
Gullintanna (accusative indefinite)
Gullintanna (dative indefinite)
Gullintanna (genitive indefinite)

gullinn (“golden”) + tǫnn (“tooth”) + -i (masculine nominal suffix). Cognate with Sanskrit हिरण्यदन्त (hiraṇyadanta, “Golden-toothed”, epithet of Agni), which has been used to argue for Heimdallr’s role as a fire-god.

cog

epithet of Heimdall, whose teeth were made of gold


Gullintanna

accusative/dative/genitive singular of Gullintanni


gáshaukr

Icelandic: gáshaukur

From gás (“goose”) and haukr (“hawk”). Compare also Old English gōshafoc and English goshawk. The bird gets its name from the fact that the birds of the species are hawks that were alleged to prey on geese.


fara dulðr

Anonymous poetry cited in c. 1250, Óláfr ‘White Skald’ Þórðarson, Third Grammatical Treatise
Þat hef’k sagt, · es sjálfr vissa’k; // dulðr fer’k hins, · es drengr þegir.

I have said that which I myself know; I am ignorant of that which I say not.


dulðr

duldr (alternative)
duliðr (alternative)


dyldir

second-person singular past active subjunctive of dylja


dyljandi

non-noun

dyljandi m (genitive dyljanda, plural dyljendr)

dyljanda (genitive)
dyljendr (plural)
dyljandi (indefinite nominative singular)
dyljandinn (definite nominative singular)
dyljendr (indefinite nominative plural)
dyljendrnir (definite nominative plural)
dyljanda (accusative indefinite singular)
dyljandann (accusative definite singular)
dyljendr (accusative indefinite plural)
dyljendrna (accusative definite plural)
dyljanda (dative indefinite singular)
dyljandanum (dative definite singular)
dyljǫndum (dative indefinite plural)
dyljǫndunum (dative definite plural)
dyljanda (genitive indefinite singular)
dyljandans (definite genitive singular)
dyljanda (genitive indefinite plural)
dyljandanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

dyljandi

Present participle of dylja (dylja + -andi).


dyljendr

nominative/accusative plural of dyljandi


efstu

inflection of efstr:
strong neuter dative singular

weak feminine accusative/dative/genitive singular

weak masculine/feminine/neuter nominative/accusative/genitive plural


ofmargr

ofmargr (masculine nominative singular)
ofmǫrg (feminine nominative singular)
ofmart (neuter nominative singular)
ofmargan (accusative masculine singular)
ofmarga (accusative feminine singular)
ofmart (accusative neuter singular)
ofmǫrgum (dative masculine singular)
ofmargri (dative feminine singular)
ofmǫrgu (dative neuter singular)
ofmargs (genitive masculine singular)
ofmargrar (feminine genitive singular)
ofmargs (genitive neuter singular)
ofmargir (masculine nominative plural)
ofmargar (feminine nominative plural)
ofmǫrg (neuter nominative plural)
ofmarga (accusative masculine plural)
ofmargar (accusative feminine plural)
ofmǫrg (accusative neuter plural)
ofmǫrgum (dative masculine plural)
ofmǫrgum (dative feminine plural)
ofmǫrgum (dative neuter plural)
ofmargra (genitive masculine plural)
ofmargra (feminine genitive plural)
ofmargra (genitive neuter plural)

of- (“too, excessively”) + margr (“many, a lot of”)

prefix

c. 1250, Óláfr ‘White Skald’ Þórðarson, Third Grammatical Treatise
Í aftekning samstǫfu verðr barbarismus, sem kvað Hárekr í Þjóttu: “Ráðit hefik at ríða // Rínleygs heðan mínu.” Hér er Rín fyrir Rínar, þvíat ofmargar verða ella samstǫfur í vísu-orði.
The removal of a syllable results in barbarism, as when Hárekr in Þjótta sung: “I have decided to ride my ... Rhine-flame (GOLD) ... from here.” Here Rín stands for Rínar, since there would otherwise be too many syllables in the line.


ofmargar

feminine nominative/accusative plural of ofmargr


samstafa

samstǫfu (genitive)
samstafa (indefinite nominative singular)
samstafan (definite nominative singular)
samstǫfur (indefinite nominative plural)
samstǫfurnar (definite nominative plural)
samstǫfu (accusative indefinite singular)
samstǫfuna (accusative definite singular)
samstǫfur (accusative indefinite plural)
samstǫfurnar (accusative definite plural)
samstǫfu (dative indefinite singular)
samstǫfunni (dative definite singular)
samstǫfum (dative indefinite plural)
samstǫfunum (dative definite plural)
samstǫfu (genitive indefinite singular)
samstǫfunnar (definite genitive singular)
samstafa (genitive indefinite plural)
samstafanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

samstafa


samstǫfu

accusative/dative/genitive singular of samstafa


samstǫfur

nominative/accusative plural of samstafa


lendr

Icelandic: lendur

Inherited from Proto-Norse *ᛚᚨᛞᛁᛉ (*ladiʀ), equivalent to land (“land”) + -r (“-ed; forms adjectives from nouns”).

affix

lendir menn


heiðit

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of heiðinn


gipta

giptu (genitive)
giptur (plural)
gipta (indefinite nominative singular)
giptan (definite nominative singular)
giptur (indefinite nominative plural)
gipturnar (definite nominative plural)
giptu (accusative indefinite singular)
giptuna (accusative definite singular)
giptur (accusative indefinite plural)
gipturnar (accusative definite plural)
giptu (dative indefinite singular)
giptunni (dative definite singular)
giptum (dative indefinite plural)
giptunum (dative definite plural)
giptu (genitive indefinite singular)
giptunnar (definite genitive singular)
giptna (genitive indefinite plural)
giptnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

gipta

Cognate with Old English gifeþe (“fate”). .