þorna

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of þorna — active (weak class 2)

Conjugation of þorna — mediopassive (weak class 2)

non-conj-table

þorna (infinitive)
þornandi (participle present)
þornaðr (participle past)
þorna (first-person indicative present singular)
þornaða (first-person indicative past singular)
þorna (first-person present singular subjunctive)
þornaða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
þornar (indicative present second-person singular)
þornaðir (indicative past second-person singular)
þornir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
þornaðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
þornar (indicative present singular third-person)
þornaði (indicative past singular third-person)
þorni (present singular subjunctive third-person)
þornaði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
þornum (first-person indicative plural present)
þornuðum (first-person indicative past plural)
þornim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
þornaðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
þornið (indicative plural present second-person)
þornuðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
þornið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
þornaðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
þorna (indicative plural present third-person)
þornuðu (indicative past plural third-person)
þorni (plural present subjunctive third-person)
þornaði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
þorna (present second-person singular)
þornum (first-person plural present)
þornið (plural present second-person)
þornask (infinitive)
þornandisk (participle present)
þornazk (participle past)
þornumk (first-person indicative present singular)
þornuðumk (first-person indicative past singular)
þornumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
þornuðumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
þornask (indicative present second-person singular)
þornaðisk (indicative past second-person singular)
þornisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
þornaðisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
þornask (indicative present singular third-person)
þornaðisk (indicative past singular third-person)
þornisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
þornaðisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
þornumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
þornuðumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
þornimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
þornaðimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
þornizk (indicative plural present second-person)
þornuðuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
þornizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
þornaðizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
þornask (indicative plural present third-person)
þornuðusk (indicative past plural third-person)
þornisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
þornaðisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
þornask (present second-person singular)
þornumsk (first-person plural present)
þornizk (plural present second-person)

Faroese: torna

Icelandic: þorna

From Proto-Germanic *þurznaną. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”).


hins

hinn (masculine nominative singular)
hin (feminine nominative singular)
hitt (neuter nominative singular)
hinn (accusative masculine singular)
hina (accusative feminine singular)
hitt (accusative neuter singular)
hinum (dative masculine singular)
hinni (dative feminine singular)
hinu (dative neuter singular)
hins (genitive masculine singular)
hinnar (feminine genitive singular)
hins (genitive neuter singular)
hinir (masculine nominative plural)
hinar (feminine nominative plural)
hin (neuter nominative plural)
hina (accusative masculine plural)
hinar (accusative feminine plural)
hin (accusative neuter plural)
hinum (dative masculine plural)
hinum (dative feminine plural)
hinum (dative neuter plural)
hinna (genitive masculine plural)
hinna (feminine genitive plural)
hinna (genitive neuter plural)

masculine/neuter singular genitive of hinn


hins

hinn (masculine nominative singular)
hin (feminine nominative singular)
hit (neuter nominative singular)
hinn (accusative masculine singular)
hina (accusative feminine singular)
hit (accusative neuter singular)
hinum (dative masculine singular)
hinni (dative feminine singular)
hinu (dative neuter singular)
hins (genitive masculine singular)
hinnar (feminine genitive singular)
hins (genitive neuter singular)
hinir (masculine nominative plural)
hinar (feminine nominative plural)
hin (neuter nominative plural)
hina (accusative masculine plural)
hinar (accusative feminine plural)
hin (accusative neuter plural)
hinum (dative masculine plural)
hinum (dative feminine plural)
hinum (dative neuter plural)
hinna (genitive masculine plural)
hinna (feminine genitive plural)
hinna (genitive neuter plural)


sýja

non-conj-blank-active

Conjugation of sýja — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of sýja — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

sýja (infinitive)
sýjandi (participle present)
séðr (participle past)
sœðr (participle past)
sý (first-person indicative present singular)
séða (first-person indicative past singular)
sýja (first-person present singular subjunctive)
séða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
sýr (indicative present second-person singular)
séðir (indicative past second-person singular)
sýir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
séðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
sýr (indicative present singular third-person)
séði (indicative past singular third-person)
sýi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
séði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
sýjum (first-person indicative plural present)
séðum (first-person indicative past plural)
sýim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
séðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
sýið (indicative plural present second-person)
séðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
sýið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
séðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
sýja (indicative plural present third-person)
séðu (indicative past plural third-person)
sýi (plural present subjunctive third-person)
séði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
sý (present second-person singular)
sýjum (first-person plural present)
sýið (plural present second-person)

Danish: sy

Icelandic: sýja

Norwegian: sy

Swedish: sy

From Proto-Germanic *siwjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *syuh₁- (“to sew”).


-du

þú (alternative)
-tu (alternative)
-ðu (alternative)

kenn + þú → kenndu


ꝇ

a letter used for the long consonant sound /lː/


etur

nominative/accusative plural indefinite of eta


berjandi

berjandi (masculine nominative singular)
berjandi (feminine nominative singular)
berjanda (neuter nominative singular)
berjanda (accusative masculine singular)
berjandi (accusative feminine singular)
berjanda (accusative neuter singular)
berjanda (dative masculine singular)
berjandi (dative feminine singular)
berjanda (dative neuter singular)
berjanda (genitive masculine singular)
berjandi (feminine genitive singular)
berjanda (genitive neuter singular)
berjandi (masculine nominative plural)
berjandi (feminine nominative plural)
berjandi (neuter nominative plural)
berjandi (accusative masculine plural)
berjandi (accusative feminine plural)
berjandi (accusative neuter plural)
berjǫndum (dative masculine plural)
berjǫndum (dative feminine plural)
berjǫndum (dative neuter plural)
berjandi (genitive masculine plural)
berjandi (feminine genitive plural)
berjandi (genitive neuter plural)


sló

first/third-person singular past active indicative of slá


slógu

third-person plural past active indicative of slá


taldi

third-person singular past active indicative of telja


fingu

third-person plural past active indicative of fá


vitum

first-person plural present active indicative/imperative of vita


ungum

strong masculine dative singular of ungr

strong/weak all genders dative plural of ungr


stignu

inflection of stiginn:
strong neuter dative singular

inflection of stiginn:
weak feminine oblique singular


stigna

inflection of stiginn:
strong feminine accusative singular

inflection of stiginn:
strong masculine accusative plural

inflection of stiginn:
weak masculine oblique singular

inflection of stiginn:
weak feminine nominative singular

inflection of stiginn:
weak neuter singular


stigni

weak masculine nominative singular of stiginn


vengi

vengis (genitive)
vengi (indefinite nominative singular)
vengit (definite nominative singular)
vengi (indefinite nominative plural)
vengin (definite nominative plural)
vengi (accusative indefinite singular)
vengit (accusative definite singular)
vengi (accusative indefinite plural)
vengin (accusative definite plural)
vengi (dative indefinite singular)
venginu (dative definite singular)
vengum (dative indefinite plural)
vengunum (dative definite plural)
vengis (genitive indefinite singular)
vengisins (definite genitive singular)
venga (genitive indefinite plural)
venganna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

vengi

From Proto-Germanic *wangiją, see also Old Norse vangi m.


galdr

galdr

galdr (indefinite nominative singular)
galdrinn (definite nominative singular)
galdrar (indefinite nominative plural)
galdrarnir (definite nominative plural)
galdr (accusative indefinite singular)
galdrinn (accusative definite singular)
galdra (accusative indefinite plural)
galdrana (accusative definite plural)
galdri (dative indefinite singular)
galdrinum (dative definite singular)
gǫldrum (dative indefinite plural)
gǫldrunum (dative definite plural)
galdrs (genitive indefinite singular)
galdrsins (definite genitive singular)
galdra (genitive indefinite plural)
galdranna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: galdur

Faroese: galdur

Norwegian Nynorsk: galder

desctree

Old Swedish: galder, ᚵᛆᛚᚦᚽᚱ
Swedish: galder

→? Irish: goldar

From Proto-Germanic *galdraz, whence also Old English ġealdor.

magical chanting, especially relating to the Ljóðatal, gendered masculine and for protective effects

a term for magic generally; spell, incantation, charm, wizardry, witchcraft


ullu

third-person plural past indicative of vella


flekk

accusative singular indefinite of flekkr m


beðinn

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


feilan

desc

Icelandic: feilan (as a byname), Feilan (as a given name)

From Middle Irish fáelán (literally “wolfling”), diminutive of fáel (“wolf”). See Old Irish Fáelán.

der

(used as a byname) wolfling; little wolf


dagan

non-decl-blank-full

dagan

dagan (indefinite nominative singular)
daganin (definite nominative singular)
daganir (indefinite nominative plural)
daganirnar (definite nominative plural)
dagan (accusative indefinite singular)
daganina (accusative definite singular)
daganir (accusative indefinite plural)
daganirnar (accusative definite plural)
dagan (dative indefinite singular)
daganinni (dative definite singular)
dǫgunum (dative indefinite plural)
dǫgununum (dative definite plural)
daganar (genitive indefinite singular)
daganarinnar (definite genitive singular)
dagana (genitive indefinite plural)
dagananna (definite genitive plural)


mátta

first-person singular past active indicative of mega


Áshildr

Norwegian Bokmål: Åshild

Proto-Germanic *Ansuhildiz, equivalent to áss (“god”) + hildr (“battle”)


sekkr

non-noun

sekkr m (genitive sekkjar, plural sekkir)

sekkjar (genitive)
sekkir (plural)
sekkr (indefinite nominative singular)
sekkrinn (definite nominative singular)
sekkir (indefinite nominative plural)
sekkirnir (definite nominative plural)
sekk (accusative indefinite singular)
sekkinn (accusative definite singular)
sekki (accusative indefinite plural)
sekkina (accusative definite plural)
sekk (dative indefinite singular)
sekkinum (dative definite singular)
sekkjum (dative indefinite plural)
sekkjunum (dative definite plural)
sekkjar (genitive indefinite singular)
sekkjarins (definite genitive singular)
sekkja (genitive indefinite plural)
sekkjanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

sekkr

Icelandic: sekkur

Faroese: sekkur

Norn: sekk

Norwegian: sekk

Old Swedish: sækker

Swedish: säck

→ Finnish: säkki

→ Ingrian: säkki

→ Proto-Samic:

Kildin Sami: са̄һк (sāhk)

Danish: sæk

Gutnish: säkk

From Proto-Germanic *sakkuz (“sack”), from Latin saccus (“large bag”), from Ancient Greek σάκκος (sákkos, “bag of coarse cloth”), from Semitic.

der

sack, big bag (for turnips, flour, mail, etc.)


morgna

non-conj-blank-active

Conjugation of morgna — impersonal, active (weak class 2)

Conjugation of morgna — impersonal, mediopassive (weak class 2)

non-conj-table-impers

morgna (infinitive)
morgnaðr (participle past)
morgnar (indicative present singular third-person)
morgnaði (indicative past singular third-person)
morgni (present singular subjunctive third-person)
morgnaði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
morna (alternative verb)

Icelandic: morgna

Faroese: morgna

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: morgna; (dialectal) menna, medna, mønne, mødna

Swedish: morgna, morna

Danish: morgne

From morginn (“morning”) + -a (“verbal ending”).


tilfelli

From Middle Low German toval, itself ultimately a calque of Latin accidens, possibly via Middle High German intemediary zuoval.


hlutum

first-person plural past active indicative of hljóta


hjalt

hjalt (genitive)
hjǫlt (plural)
hjalt (indefinite nominative singular)
hjaltit (definite nominative singular)
hjǫlt (indefinite nominative plural)
hjǫltin (definite nominative plural)
hjalt (accusative indefinite singular)
hjaltit (accusative definite singular)
hjǫlt (accusative indefinite plural)
hjǫltin (accusative definite plural)
hjalti (dative indefinite singular)
hjaltinu (dative definite singular)
hjǫltum (dative indefinite plural)
hjǫltunum (dative definite plural)
hjalts (genitive indefinite singular)
hjaltsins (definite genitive singular)
hjalta (genitive indefinite plural)
hjaltanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

hjalt

Icelandic: hjalt

Norwegian Nynorsk: hjalt, hjolt

Swedish: hjalt

Danish: hjalt(e)

From Proto-Germanic *heltą. Akin to Modern English hilt.


hjarna

inflection of hjarni:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of hjarni:
dative/genitive singular


brunni

weak masculine nominative singular of brunninn


brunnum

inflection of brunninn:
strong masculine dative singular

inflection of brunninn:
strong/weak dative plural


brunnum

first-person plural past indicative active of brenna


kringla

From Proto-Germanic *kringaz, from Proto-Indo-European *grenǵʰ- (“to turn”).


greinum

first-person plural present active indicative/imperative of greina


belgja

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of belgja — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of belgja — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

belgja (infinitive)
belgjandi (participle present)
belgðr (participle past)
belgi (first-person indicative present singular)
belgða (first-person indicative past singular)
belgja (first-person present singular subjunctive)
belgða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
belgir (indicative present second-person singular)
belgðir (indicative past second-person singular)
belgir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
belgðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
belgir (indicative present singular third-person)
belgði (indicative past singular third-person)
belgi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
belgði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
belgjum (first-person indicative plural present)
belgðum (first-person indicative past plural)
belgim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
belgðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
belgið (indicative plural present second-person)
belgðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
belgið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
belgðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
belgja (indicative plural present third-person)
belgðu (indicative past plural third-person)
belgi (plural present subjunctive third-person)
belgði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
belg (present second-person singular)
belgi (present second-person singular)
belgjum (first-person plural present)
belgið (plural present second-person)
belgjask (infinitive)
belgjandisk (participle present)
belgzk (participle past)
belgjumk (first-person indicative present singular)
belgðumk (first-person indicative past singular)
belgjumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
belgðumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
belgisk (indicative present second-person singular)
belgðisk (indicative past second-person singular)
belgisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
belgðisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
belgisk (indicative present singular third-person)
belgðisk (indicative past singular third-person)
belgisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
belgðisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
belgjumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
belgðumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
belgimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
belgðimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
belgizk (indicative plural present second-person)
belgðuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
belgizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
belgðizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
belgjask (indicative plural present third-person)
belgðusk (indicative past plural third-person)
belgisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
belgðisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
belgsk (present second-person singular)
belgisk (present second-person singular)
belgjumsk (first-person plural present)
belgizk (plural present second-person)

Icelandic: belgja

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: belgja, belga; (dialectal) bægje

Old Swedish: bælghia

Swedish: bälga

Danish: bælle

From Proto-Germanic *balgijaną, causative of *belganą. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”).


skildr

skiliðr (alternative)
skilinn (alternative)


nefi

nefa (genitive)
nefar (plural)
nefi (indefinite nominative singular)
nefinn (definite nominative singular)
nefar (indefinite nominative plural)
nefarnir (definite nominative plural)
nefa (accusative indefinite singular)
nefann (accusative definite singular)
nefa (accusative indefinite plural)
nefana (accusative definite plural)
nefa (dative indefinite singular)
nefanum (dative definite singular)
nefum (dative indefinite plural)
nefunum (dative definite plural)
nefa (genitive indefinite singular)
nefans (definite genitive singular)
nefa (genitive indefinite plural)
nefanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

nefi

Icelandic: nefi

From Proto-Germanic *nefô. More at neve.


gjóta

head

gjóta (singular past indicative gaut, plural past indicative gutu, past participle gotinn)

gaut (indicative past singular)
gutu (indicative past plural)
gotinn (participle past)
gjóta (infinitive)
gjótandi (participle present)
gotinn (participle past)
gýt (first-person indicative present singular)
gaus (first-person indicative past singular)
gjóta (first-person present singular subjunctive)
gyta (first-person past singular subjunctive)
gýtr (indicative present second-person singular)
gauzt (indicative past second-person singular)
gjótir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
gytir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
gýtr (indicative present singular third-person)
gaus (indicative past singular third-person)
gjóti (present singular subjunctive third-person)
gyti (past singular subjunctive third-person)
gjótum (first-person indicative plural present)
gutum (first-person indicative past plural)
gjótim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
gytim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
gjótið (indicative plural present second-person)
gutuð (indicative past plural second-person)
gjótið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
gytið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
gjóta (indicative plural present third-person)
gutu (indicative past plural third-person)
gjóti (plural present subjunctive third-person)
gyti (past plural subjunctive third-person)
gjót (present second-person singular)
gjótum (first-person plural present)
gjótið (plural present second-person)
gjótask (infinitive)
gjótandisk (participle present)
gotizk (participle past)
gjótumk (first-person indicative present singular)
gutumk (first-person indicative past singular)
gjótumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
gytumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
gýzk (indicative present second-person singular)
gauzk (indicative past second-person singular)
gjótisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
gytisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
gýzk (indicative present singular third-person)
gauzk (indicative past singular third-person)
gjótisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
gytisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
gjótumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
gutumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
gjótimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
gytimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
gjótizk (indicative plural present second-person)
gutuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
gjótizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
gytizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
gjótask (indicative plural present third-person)
gutusk (indicative past plural third-person)
gjótisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
gytisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
gýzk (present second-person singular)
gjótumsk (first-person plural present)
gjótizk (plural present second-person)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of gjóta — active (strong􂀽 class 2)

Conjugation of gjóta — mediopassive (strong􂀽 class 2)

non-conj-table

Icelandic: gjóta

Faroese: gýta

Norwegian Nynorsk: gjota, gyta

Dalian:

Mora: gjota

Elfdalian: djuta

Old Swedish: giūta

Swedish: gjuta

Danish: gyde

Norwegian Bokmål: gyte

Gutnish: giauta

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *geutaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewd- (“to pour”).


gjarn

Icelandic: gjarn

Faroese: gjarnur

Old Swedish: giærn

From Proto-Germanic *gernaz. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to yearn”).

[…]þás árgjǫrn / Jóta dolgi

9th c., Þjóðólfr of Hvinir, Ynglingatal, verse 5

[…] Then, when the harvest-eager / kin of the Swedes
had to sacrifice / the enemy of the Jutes.


rói

third-person singular/plural present subjunctive active of róa


Fjǫrgyn

Proper noun from fjǫrgyn (“land, earth”). Compare Jǫrð (“Jord, Earth”) and jǫrð (“earth”).

Jǫrð (“Earth”), the mother of Thor in Norse mythology


teita

inflection of teitr:
strong feminine accusative singular

inflection of teitr:
strong masculine accusative plural

weak feminine/neuter nominative singular

weak masculine/neuter accusative/dative/genitive singular


vitran

non-noun

vitran f (genitive vitranar, plural vitranir)

vitranar (genitive)
vitranir (plural)
vitran (indefinite nominative singular)
vitranin (definite nominative singular)
vitranir (indefinite nominative plural)
vitranirnar (definite nominative plural)
vitran (accusative indefinite singular)
vitranina (accusative definite singular)
vitranir (accusative indefinite plural)
vitranirnar (accusative definite plural)
vitran (dative indefinite singular)
vitraninni (dative definite singular)
vitrunum (dative indefinite plural)
vitrununum (dative definite plural)
vitranar (genitive indefinite singular)
vitranarinnar (definite genitive singular)
vitrana (genitive indefinite plural)
vitrananna (definite genitive plural)
vitrun (alternative)

non-decl-blank-full

vitran

Icelandic: vitran, vitrun


vitran

positive degree strong masculine accusative singular of vitr


greint

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of greindr


greint

second-person singular past indicative of grína


berserkr

non-noun

berserkr m (genitive berserks, plural berserkir)

berserks (genitive)
berserkir (plural)
berserkr (indefinite nominative singular)
berserkrinn (definite nominative singular)
berserkir (indefinite nominative plural)
berserkirnir (definite nominative plural)
berserk (accusative indefinite singular)
berserkinn (accusative definite singular)
berserki (accusative indefinite plural)
berserkina (accusative definite plural)
berserk (dative indefinite singular)
berserkinum (dative definite singular)
berserkum (dative indefinite plural)
berserkunum (dative definite plural)
berserks (genitive indefinite singular)
berserksins (definite genitive singular)
berserka (genitive indefinite plural)
berserkanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

berserkr

→ Icelandic: berserkur (learned)

→ Faroese: berserkur (learned)

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: berserk (learned)

→ Swedish: berserk, bärsärk (learned)

→ Danish: bersærk, berserk (learned)

Norwegian Bokmål: berserk

→ English: berserk

→ Scots: berserk

→ Finnish: berserkki

From bjǫrn (“bear”) and serkr (“shirt, coat”) thus literally "a warrior clothed in bearskin." Probably not from berr (“bare, naked”); see berserk.

a raging warrior of superhuman strength, who fights in a frenzy


blandit

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of blandinn


farni

weak masculine nominative singular of farinn


varir

strong masculine nominative plural of varr


byggi

third-person singular/plural past active subjunctive of búa


orðin

definite nominative/accusative plural of orð


orðin

inflection of orðinn:
strong feminine nominative singular

strong neuter nominative/accusative plural


mant

second-person singular present active indicative of muna


ráðsnjallr

/ˈrɑːðˌsnj̃ɑ̃lːr̩/

From ráð (“council”) + snjallr (“clever, well-spoken”).


snjallr

Icelandic: snjallur, snjall

Faroese: snjallur

Norwegian: snill

Old Swedish: sniælder, snælder

Swedish: snäll

Danish: snild

Hann var snjalli maðr


galdramaðr

Icelandic: galdramaður

Compound of galdr (“magic”) + maðr (“man”).


seiðmaðr

/ˈsɛiðˌmɑ̃ðr/

Compound of seiðr (“witchcraft”) + maðr (“man”).


seiðkona

/ˈsɛiθˌkõnɑ̃/

Compound of seiðr (“witchcraft”) + kona (“woman”).


flugur

inflection of fluga:
nominative plural indefinite

inflection of fluga:
accusative plural indefinite


rauk

first-person singular past indicative active of rjúka

third-person singular past indicative active of rjúka


rifja

Icelandic: rifja

From the same root as rífa (“to rip, pull at forcefully”). The "explain" sense appears to be a metaphorical extension of the "rake hay" sense, as raking hay together is similar to raking one's thoughts and expressing them.


suguð

second-person plural past indicative active of súga


sugum

first-person plural past indicative active of súga


sýg

first-person plural present indicative active of súga


sygi

third-person singular/plural past subjunctive active of súga


sygir

second-person singular past subjunctive active of súga


gipt

giptar (genitive)
giptir (plural)
gipt (indefinite nominative singular)
giptin (definite nominative singular)
giptir (indefinite nominative plural)
giptirnar (definite nominative plural)
gipt (accusative indefinite singular)
giptina (accusative definite singular)
giptir (accusative indefinite plural)
giptirnar (accusative definite plural)
gipt (dative indefinite singular)
giptu (dative indefinite singular)
giptinni (dative definite singular)
giptunni (dative definite singular)
giptum (dative indefinite plural)
giptunum (dative definite plural)
giptar (genitive indefinite singular)
giptarinnar (definite genitive singular)
gipta (genitive indefinite plural)
giptanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

gipt

Icelandic: gift

Norwegian Nynorsk: gift

Norwegian Bokmål: gift

Old Swedish: gipt

Swedish: gift

Danish: gift

→ Middle English: gift

Scots: gift, gyft

English: gift


lypta

head

lypta (singular past indicative lypti, plural past indicative lyptu, past participle lyptr)

lypti (indicative past singular)
lyptu (indicative past plural)
lyptr (participle past)
lypta (infinitive)
lyptandi (participle present)
lyptr (participle past)
lypti (first-person indicative present singular)
lypta (first-person indicative past singular)
lypta (first-person present singular subjunctive)
lypta (first-person past singular subjunctive)
lyptir (indicative present second-person singular)
lyptir (indicative past second-person singular)
lyptir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
lyptir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
lyptir (indicative present singular third-person)
lypti (indicative past singular third-person)
lypti (present singular subjunctive third-person)
lypti (past singular subjunctive third-person)
lyptum (first-person indicative plural present)
lyptum (first-person indicative past plural)
lyptim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
lyptim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
lyptið (indicative plural present second-person)
lyptuð (indicative past plural second-person)
lyptið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
lyptið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
lypta (indicative plural present third-person)
lyptu (indicative past plural third-person)
lypti (plural present subjunctive third-person)
lypti (past plural subjunctive third-person)
lypt (present second-person singular)
lypti (present second-person singular)
lyptum (first-person plural present)
lyptið (plural present second-person)
lyptask (infinitive)
lyptandisk (participle present)
lypsk (participle past)
lyptumk (first-person indicative present singular)
lyptumk (first-person indicative past singular)
lyptumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
lyptumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
lyptisk (indicative present second-person singular)
lyptisk (indicative past second-person singular)
lyptisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
lyptisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
lyptisk (indicative present singular third-person)
lyptisk (indicative past singular third-person)
lyptisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
lyptisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
lyptumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
lyptumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
lyptimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
lyptimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
lyptizk (indicative plural present second-person)
lyptuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
lyptizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
lyptizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
lyptask (indicative plural present third-person)
lyptusk (indicative past plural third-person)
lyptisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
lyptisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
lypsk (present second-person singular)
lyptisk (present second-person singular)
lyptumsk (first-person plural present)
lyptizk (plural present second-person)
lyfta (alternative)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of lypta — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of lypta — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

Icelandic: lyfta

Faroese: lyfta

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: lyfta, lyfte, løfta, løfte

Norwegian Bokmål: løfte

Old Swedish: lypta

Swedish: lyfta

Danish: løfte

→ Middle English: lyften, liften

English: lift

Scots: lyft, lift


væna

head

væna (singular past indicative vændi, plural past indicative vændu, past participle vændr)

vændi (indicative past singular)
vændu (indicative past plural)
vændr (participle past)
væna (infinitive)
vænandi (participle present)
vændr (participle past)
væni (first-person indicative present singular)
vænda (first-person indicative past singular)
væna (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vænda (first-person past singular subjunctive)
vænir (indicative present second-person singular)
vændir (indicative past second-person singular)
vænir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vændir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
vænir (indicative present singular third-person)
vændi (indicative past singular third-person)
væni (present singular subjunctive third-person)
vændi (past singular subjunctive third-person)
vænum (first-person indicative plural present)
vændum (first-person indicative past plural)
vænim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vændim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
vænið (indicative plural present second-person)
vænduð (indicative past plural second-person)
vænið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vændið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
væna (indicative plural present third-person)
vændu (indicative past plural third-person)
væni (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vændi (past plural subjunctive third-person)
væn (present second-person singular)
væni (present second-person singular)
vænum (first-person plural present)
vænið (plural present second-person)
vænask (infinitive)
vænandisk (participle present)
vænzk (participle past)
vænumk (first-person indicative present singular)
vændumk (first-person indicative past singular)
vænumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vændumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
vænisk (indicative present second-person singular)
vændisk (indicative past second-person singular)
vænisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vændisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
vænisk (indicative present singular third-person)
vændisk (indicative past singular third-person)
vænisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
vændisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
vænumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
vændumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
vænimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vændimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
vænizk (indicative plural present second-person)
vænduzk (indicative past plural second-person)
vænizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vændizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
vænask (indicative plural present third-person)
vændusk (indicative past plural third-person)
vænisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vændisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
vænsk (present second-person singular)
vænisk (present second-person singular)
vænumsk (first-person plural present)
vænizk (plural present second-person)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of væna — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of væna — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

þeim vændum vit miskunnar ok eilífrar dýrðar

we gave them hope of grace and eternal glory

+obj

to give hope [with dative ‘someone’ and genitive ‘of something’]

vænir mik

(impersonal) to seem [with accusative ‘to someone’]

to think, to believe, to imagine
to seem

hon vændi mik lygi

to charge, to accuse [with accusative ‘someone’ and dative ‘of something’]

ek vænisk at þú komir

genitive ‘for something’ at (+ subjunctive clause) ‘that ...’

(reflexive) to hope [with genitive ‘for something’ or at (+ subjunctive clause) ‘that ...’]


væna

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

positive degree strong feminine accusative singular

positive degree strong masculine accusative plural

positive degree weak masculine oblique singular

positive degree weak feminine nominative singular

inflection of vænn:
positive degree weak neuter singular


genga

inflection of gengr:
strong accusative feminine singular

inflection of gengr:
strong accusative masculine plural

weak accusative/dative/genitive masculine singular

inflection of gengr:
weak nominative feminine singular

weak nominative/accusative/dative/genitive neuter singular


genga

first-person singular past subjunctive active of ganga


sakir

on account of, for the sake of [with genitive]


beysti

non-decl-blank-full

beysti

beysti (indefinite nominative singular)
beystit (definite nominative singular)
beysti (indefinite nominative plural)
beystin (definite nominative plural)
beysti (accusative indefinite singular)
beystit (accusative definite singular)
beysti (accusative indefinite plural)
beystin (accusative definite plural)
beysti (dative indefinite singular)
beystinu (dative definite singular)
beystum (dative indefinite plural)
beystunum (dative definite plural)
beystis (genitive indefinite singular)
beystisins (definite genitive singular)
beysta (genitive indefinite plural)
beystanna (definite genitive plural)

Possibly related to verb beysta (“to beat, to thresh”).


Skuld

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Skuld

Skuld (indefinite nominative)
Skuld (accusative indefinite)
Skuld (dative indefinite)
Skuldar (genitive indefinite)

See skuld. The name literally means “debt”, or “obligation”; thus, what is bound to happen, the future.

Þaðan koma meyjar / margs vitandi
þrjár, ór þeim sal / er und þolli stendr;
Urð hétu eina, / aðra Verðandi,
skáru á skíði, / Skuld ina þriðju;
þær lög lögðu, / þær líf kuru
alda börnum, / örlög seggja.
Thence come maidens / much knowing
three from the hall / which under that tree stands;

Vǫluspá, verse 20, in 1867, S. Bugge, Norrœn fornkvæði: Sæmundar Edda hins fróða. Christiania, page 4

on a tablet they graved, / Skuld the third;
Laws they established, / life allotted
to the sons of men, / destinies pronounced.

Urd hight the one, / the second Verdandi,

(Norse mythology) one of the three Norns


Noregr

From Old Norse Norvegr (“north way”), Norðvegr, from norðr (“north”) + vegr (“way”), contrasted with suðrvegr (“south way”), i.e. Germany, and austrvegr (“east way”), the Baltic lands.

Norway (a former kingdom in Northern Europe, approximately coincident with modern Norway and Iceland)


búnaðr

non-noun

búnaðr m (genitive búnaðar, plural búnaðir)

búnaðar (genitive)
búnaðir (plural)
búnaðr (indefinite nominative singular)
búnaðrinn (definite nominative singular)
búnaðir (indefinite nominative plural)
búnaðirnir (definite nominative plural)
búnað (accusative indefinite singular)
búnaðinn (accusative definite singular)
búnaði (accusative indefinite plural)
búnaðina (accusative definite plural)
búnaði (dative indefinite singular)
búnaðinum (dative definite singular)
búnuðum (dative indefinite plural)
búnuðunum (dative definite plural)
búnaðar (genitive indefinite singular)
búnaðarins (definite genitive singular)
búnaða (genitive indefinite plural)
búnaðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

búnaðr

Icelandic: búnaður

Faroese: búnaður, búni

Norwegian Nynorsk: bunad

→ Norwegian Bokmål: bunad

→ Danish: bunad

Swedish: bonad

Formed from búa (“to reside, prepare, dress”) + -naðr.


skæra

first-person singular past subjunctive active of skera


væzka

væzku (genitive)
væzkur (plural)
væzka (indefinite nominative singular)
væzkan (definite nominative singular)
væzkur (indefinite nominative plural)
væzkurnar (definite nominative plural)
væzku (accusative indefinite singular)
væzkuna (accusative definite singular)
væzkur (accusative indefinite plural)
væzkurnar (accusative definite plural)
væzku (dative indefinite singular)
væzkunni (dative definite singular)
væzkum (dative indefinite plural)
væzkunum (dative definite plural)
væzku (genitive indefinite singular)
væzkunnar (definite genitive singular)
væzkna (genitive indefinite plural)
væzknanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

væzka

Danish: væske, vædske

Faroese: veska

Norwegian Bokmål: væske

Norwegian Nynorsk: væske

Old Swedish: vætska

Swedish: vätska

Scanian: væzka


sungu

third-person plural past active indicative of syngja

third-person plural past active indicative of syngva


nǫ́tt

nætr (genitive)
nætr (plural)
nótt (alternative)
nátt (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *nahts (“night”), from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts (“night”).


Valhǫll

Valhallar (genitive)
Valhǫll (indefinite nominative)
Valhǫll (accusative indefinite)
Valhǫll (dative indefinite)
Valhǫllu (dative indefinite)
Valhallar (genitive indefinite)

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Valhǫll

Icelandic: Valhöll

Faroese: Valhøll

Norwegian Nynorsk: Valhall

Old Swedish: *Valhal

Swedish: Valhall

Danish: Valhal

Norwegian Bokmål: Valhall

→ English: Valhalla, Walhalla

desc

→ German: Walhall, Valhall, Walhalla, Valhalla

From (uncountable, in the singular) valr (“the dead, slain in battle (i.e., dead warriors)”) + hǫll (“hall”).


hǫll

hallar (genitive)
hallir (plural)
hǫll (indefinite nominative singular)
hǫllin (definite nominative singular)
hallir (indefinite nominative plural)
hallirnar (definite nominative plural)
hǫll (accusative indefinite singular)
hǫllina (accusative definite singular)
hallir (accusative indefinite plural)
hallirnar (accusative definite plural)
hǫll (dative indefinite singular)
hǫllu (dative indefinite singular)
hǫllinni (dative definite singular)
hǫllunni (dative definite singular)
hǫllum (dative indefinite plural)
hǫllunum (dative definite plural)
hallar (genitive indefinite singular)
hallarinnar (definite genitive singular)
halla (genitive indefinite plural)
hallanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

hǫll

Icelandic: höll

Faroese: høll

Norwegian Bokmål: hall

Norwegian Nynorsk: hall

Old Swedish: hal

Swedish: hall

Danish: hal


henta

strong feminine accusative singular of hentr

strong masculine accusative plural of hentr

weak masculine oblique singular of hentr

weak feminine nominative singular of hentr


beizl

beizl

beizl (indefinite nominative singular)
beizlit (definite nominative singular)
beizl (indefinite nominative plural)
beizlin (definite nominative plural)
beizl (accusative indefinite singular)
beizlit (accusative definite singular)
beizl (accusative indefinite plural)
beizlin (accusative definite plural)
beizli (dative indefinite singular)
beizlinu (dative definite singular)
beizlum (dative indefinite plural)
beizlunum (dative definite plural)
beizls (genitive indefinite singular)
beizlsins (definite genitive singular)
beizla (genitive indefinite plural)
beizlanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: beisl, beisli

Norwegian Nynorsk: beisel, beksel

Norwegian Bokmål: bissel

Old Danish: bezæl

Danish: bidsel

Old Swedish: bezl, besl

Swedish: betsel

From Proto-Germanic *baitislą. Related to Old Norse beita (“to make bite”), bíta (“to bite”).

leggja beizl við hest


traðka

Icelandic: traðka

to tread on by foot; trample on [with dative]


læknishǫnd

non-noun

læknishǫnd f (genitive læknishandar, dative læknishendi, plural læknishendr)

læknishandar (genitive)
læknishendi (dative)
læknishendr (plural)
læknishǫnd (indefinite nominative singular)
læknishǫndin (definite nominative singular)
læknishendr (indefinite nominative plural)
læknishendrnar (definite nominative plural)
læknishǫnd (accusative indefinite singular)
læknishǫndina (accusative definite singular)
læknishendr (accusative indefinite plural)
læknishendrnar (accusative definite plural)
læknishendi (dative indefinite singular)
læknishendinni (dative definite singular)
læknishǫndum (dative indefinite plural)
læknishǫndunum (dative definite plural)
læknishandar (genitive indefinite singular)
læknishandarinnar (definite genitive singular)
læknishanda (genitive indefinite plural)
læknishandanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

læknishǫnd

From læknir (“healer”) + hǫnd (“hand”). Cognate with Old Danish ᛚᛅᚴᚿᛅᛌᚼᛆᚿᛑ (læknæshand).

Heilir æsir! / Heilar ásynjur!
Heil sjá in fjǫlnýta fold!
Mál ok mannvit / gefið okkr mærum tveim,

Hail the gods! Hail the goddesses! Hail, the bountiful earth! Speech and wisdom, grant to us famous ones, and healing hands while we live.


sǫk

non-noun

sǫk f (genitive sakar, plural sakar or sakir)

sakar (genitive)
sakar (plural)
sakir (plural)
sǫk (indefinite nominative singular)
sǫkin (definite nominative singular)
sakar (indefinite nominative plural)
sakir (indefinite nominative plural)
sakarnar (definite nominative plural)
sakirnar (definite nominative plural)
sǫk (accusative indefinite singular)
sǫkina (accusative definite singular)
sakar (accusative indefinite plural)
sakir (accusative indefinite plural)
sakarnar (accusative definite plural)
sakirnar (accusative definite plural)
sǫk (dative indefinite singular)
sǫkinni (dative definite singular)
sǫkum (dative indefinite plural)
sǫkunum (dative definite plural)
sakar (genitive indefinite singular)
sakarinnar (definite genitive singular)
saka (genitive indefinite plural)
sakanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

sǫk

Icelandic: sök

Faroese: sak, søk

Norwegian Nynorsk: sak; (dialectal) sok

Old Swedish: sak

Swedish: sak c or f

Old Danish: sak

Danish: sag c

Norwegian Bokmål: sak m or f

From Proto-Norse *ᛊᚨᚲᚢ (*saku), from Proto-Germanic *sakō. Cognate with English sake, Old High German sahha and German Sache.


nǫkkurr

nǫkkurr (masculine nominative singular)
nǫkkur (feminine nominative singular)
nǫkkurt (neuter nominative singular)
nǫkkut (neuter nominative singular)
nǫkkvat (neuter nominative singular)
nǫkkurn (accusative masculine singular)
nǫkkura (accusative feminine singular)
nǫkkurt (accusative neuter singular)
nǫkkut (accusative neuter singular)
nǫkkvat (accusative neuter singular)
nǫkkurum (dative masculine singular)
nǫkkurri (dative feminine singular)
nǫkkuru (dative neuter singular)
nǫkkvi (dative neuter singular)
nǫkkurs (genitive masculine singular)
nǫkkurrar (feminine genitive singular)
nǫkkurs (genitive neuter singular)
nǫkkurir (masculine nominative plural)
nǫkkurar (feminine nominative plural)
nǫkkur (neuter nominative plural)
nǫkkura (accusative masculine plural)
nǫkkurar (accusative feminine plural)
nǫkkur (accusative neuter plural)
nǫkkurum (dative masculine plural)
nǫkkurum (dative feminine plural)
nǫkkurum (dative neuter plural)
nǫkkurra (genitive masculine plural)
nǫkkurra (feminine genitive plural)
nǫkkurra (genitive neuter plural)
nakkvarr (alternative)
nakkverr (alternative)
nekkvarr (alternative)
nekkverr (alternative)
nǫkkvarr (alternative)
nǫkkverr (alternative)
nøkkurr (alternative)
nakkurr (alternative)
nǫkkr (alternative)

Icelandic: nokkur

Faroese: nakar

Norwegian Nynorsk: nokon

Russenorsk: nokka

Jamtish: nukun

Elfdalian: nogär

desctree

Old Swedish: nokor
Swedish: någon, någor

Old Danish: nokær

Danish: nogen, (obsolete) nogher; noghen; noghel

Norwegian Bokmål: noen

Scanian: nóğen

Old Gutnish: nequar

Gutnish: nokon

From earlier nakkvarr, from Proto-Norse *ᚾᛁ ᚹᚨᛁᛏ ᛖᚲ ᚺᚹᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ (*ni wait ek hwarjaʀ, literally “not-know-I-who”), equivalent to né + veit + ek + hverr. Compare Latin nescio quis (“I don't know who”), i.e., "somebody". Development should have included intermediary stage *ᚾᚨᛁᛏᚲᚹᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ (*naitkwarjaʀ).

inh

*ᚾᛁ ᚹᚨᛁᛏ ᛖᚲ ᚺᚹᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ

the plur. added to a numeral; about, some


brúnna

strong genitive plural of brúnn (“brown”)


héðan

Icelandic: héðan

Faroese: hiðan, hiðani

Norwegian Nynorsk: hedan (in expressions)

Swedish: hädan

From the stem of hér (“here”), heðra (“hither”) + -an (ablative adverb). Compare hvaðan, þaðan.


ginga

first-person singular past active subjunctive of ganga


fimti

fimti (masculine nominative singular)
fimta (feminine nominative singular)
fimta (neuter nominative singular)
fimta (accusative masculine singular)
fimtu (accusative feminine singular)
fimta (accusative neuter singular)
fimta (dative masculine singular)
fimtu (dative feminine singular)
fimta (dative neuter singular)
fimta (genitive masculine singular)
fimtu (feminine genitive singular)
fimta (genitive neuter singular)
fimtu (masculine nominative plural)
fimtu (feminine nominative plural)
fimtu (neuter nominative plural)
fimtu (accusative masculine plural)
fimtu (accusative feminine plural)
fimtu (accusative neuter plural)
fimtum (dative masculine plural)
fimtum (dative feminine plural)
fimtum (dative neuter plural)
fimtu (genitive masculine plural)
fimtu (feminine genitive plural)
fimtu (genitive neuter plural)
fimmti (alternative)

Icelandic: fimmti

Faroese: fimti

Norwegian Nynorsk: femte

Norwegian Bokmål: femte

Old Swedish: fæmti

Swedish: femte

Old Danish: fæmtæ

Danish: femte


kør

kørs (genitive)
kør (plural)
kør (indefinite nominative singular)
kørit (definite nominative singular)
kør (indefinite nominative plural)
kørin (definite nominative plural)
kør (accusative indefinite singular)
kørit (accusative definite singular)
kør (accusative indefinite plural)
kørin (accusative definite plural)
køri (dative indefinite singular)
kørinu (dative definite singular)
kørum (dative indefinite plural)
kørunum (dative definite plural)
kørs (genitive indefinite singular)
kørsins (definite genitive singular)
køra (genitive indefinite plural)
køranna (definite genitive plural)
kjǫr (alternative)

non-decl-blank-full

kør

Icelandic: kjör

Faroese: kor

Norwegian Nynorsk: kòr, kår

Swedish: kor

Danish: kår

Norwegian Bokmål: kår

From Proto-Germanic *kuzą. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-.


landit

definite nominative/accusative singular of land


Taðkr

From Middle Irish Tadg (compare modern Irish Tadhg).


tungu

indefinite accusative/dative/genitive singular of tunga


skelmir

non-noun

skelmir m (genitive skelmis, plural skelmar)

Compare German Schelm (“rogue”) and Middle Low German schelm (“scoundrel, rogue”).


teinn

teins (genitive)
teinar (plural)
teinn (indefinite nominative singular)
teinninn (definite nominative singular)
teinar (indefinite nominative plural)
teinarnir (definite nominative plural)
tein (accusative indefinite singular)
teininn (accusative definite singular)
teina (accusative indefinite plural)
teinana (accusative definite plural)
teini (dative indefinite singular)
teininum (dative definite singular)
teinum (dative indefinite plural)
teinunum (dative definite plural)
teins (genitive indefinite singular)
teinsins (definite genitive singular)
teina (genitive indefinite plural)
teinanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

teinn

Icelandic: teinn

Faroese: teinur

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: tein; (dialectal) teidn, tæn

→ Norwegian Bokmål: tein

Old Swedish: tēn

Swedish: ten

Danish: ten

Norwegian Bokmål: ten

From Proto-Germanic *tainaz. Cognate with Old English tān. For the divination aspect see Old English tānhlyta.

hristu teina · ok á hlaut sǫ́u
fundu at Ægis · ørkost hvera.
they shook the twigs and looked at the divination;
they found [out through the divination that] at Ægir’s home [there was] an immense choice of cauldrons.


Snorri

Snorra (genitive)
Snorri (indefinite nominative)
Snorra (accusative indefinite)
Snorra (dative indefinite)
Snorra (genitive indefinite)

non-decl-blank-sing-indef

Snorri

Icelandic: Snorri

Faroese: Snorri

→ Swedish: Snorre (learned)

Possibly related to snerra (“attack, onslaught”), as if from Proto-Germanic *Snurrô.


barð

barðs (genitive)
bǫrð (plural)
barð (indefinite nominative singular)
barðit (definite nominative singular)
bǫrð (indefinite nominative plural)
bǫrðin (definite nominative plural)
barð (accusative indefinite singular)
barðit (accusative definite singular)
bǫrð (accusative indefinite plural)
bǫrðin (accusative definite plural)
barði (dative indefinite singular)
barðinu (dative definite singular)
bǫrðum (dative indefinite plural)
bǫrðunum (dative definite plural)
barðs (genitive indefinite singular)
barðsins (definite genitive singular)
barða (genitive indefinite plural)
barðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

barð

Icelandic: barð

Norwegian Bokmål: bard m

Norwegian Nynorsk: bard, barde

Swedish: bard, bård

From Proto-Germanic *bardą n, variant of *bardaz m (“beard”) (whence Old English beard, Old High German bart). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰéh₂.

(nautical) an armed prow, beak (of a ship)


rǫðull

rǫðull

rǫðull (indefinite nominative singular)
rǫðullinn (definite nominative singular)
rǫðlar (indefinite nominative plural)
rǫðlarnir (definite nominative plural)
rǫðul (accusative indefinite singular)
rǫðulinn (accusative definite singular)
rǫðla (accusative indefinite plural)
rǫðlana (accusative definite plural)
rǫðli (dative indefinite singular)
rǫðlinum (dative definite singular)
rǫðlum (dative indefinite plural)
rǫðlunum (dative definite plural)
rǫðuls (genitive indefinite singular)
rǫðulsins (definite genitive singular)
rǫðla (genitive indefinite plural)
rǫðlanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: röðull (“sun”)

From Proto-Germanic *raduraz ~ *radulaz (“sky, heaven, wheel”), whence also Old English rodor (“sky, heaven, heavens”) and Old Saxon radur (“sky, heaven, heavens”).


leó

non-decl-blank-full

leó

leó (indefinite nominative singular)
leóin (definite nominative singular)
leœr (indefinite nominative plural)
leœrnar (definite nominative plural)
leó (accusative indefinite singular)
leóina (accusative definite singular)
leœr (accusative indefinite plural)
leœrnar (accusative definite plural)
leó (dative indefinite singular)
leóinni (dative definite singular)
leóm (dative indefinite plural)
leónum (dative definite plural)
leóar (genitive indefinite singular)
leóarinnar (definite genitive singular)
leóa (genitive indefinite plural)
leóanna (definite genitive plural)


valskr

Icelandic: valskur

Norwegian Nynorsk: valsk, velsk (Possibly from Middle Low German)

Old Swedish: valsker

Swedish: välsk

Danish: vælsk (Possibly from Middle Low German)

Norwegian Bokmål: velsk

From Proto-Germanic *walhiskaz (“foreign, non-Germanic (Celtic, later also Roman)”). Equivalent to valr (“Romance-speaking foreigner”) + -iskr (“-ish, -ic”)


vágr

vágs (genitive)
vágar (plural)
vágr (indefinite nominative singular)
vágrinn (definite nominative singular)
vágar (indefinite nominative plural)
vágarnir (definite nominative plural)
vág (accusative indefinite singular)
váginn (accusative definite singular)
vága (accusative indefinite plural)
vágana (accusative definite plural)
vági (dative indefinite singular)
váginum (dative definite singular)
vágum (dative indefinite plural)
vágunum (dative definite plural)
vágs (genitive indefinite singular)
vágsins (definite genitive singular)
vága (genitive indefinite plural)
váganna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

vágr

Icelandic: vogur

Faroese: vágur, vág

Norwegian Bokmål: våg

Norwegian Nynorsk: våg

Old Swedish: vāgher

Swedish: våg

Danish: våg

→ Old French: vague

Middle French:

French: vague

Cognate with Old English wæg. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *wēgaz.

13th century, Jómsvíkinga saga

The Jomsvikings saw then that the bay was full of ships.

Þeir Jómsvíkingar sjá nú at vágrinn er allr þakiðr af skipum.


hentan

strong masculine accusative singular of hentr


sumin

inflection of suminn:
strong feminine nominative singular

strong neuter nominative/accusative plural


skyta

first-person singular past active subjunctive of skjóta


Ragnarr

Icelandic: Ragnar

Faroese: Ragnar

Norwegian: Ragnar

Old Swedish: Ragnar

Swedish: Ragnar

→ Estonian: Ragnar

Old Danish: Ragnar

Danish: Ragner, Regner, Regnar

From Proto-Germanic *Raginaharjaz. Equivalent to regin + herr.


draup

first/third-person singular past active indicative of drjúpa


unn

second-person singular present active imperative of unna


margs

strong masculine/neuter genitive singular of margr


fauk

first-person singular past indicative active of fjúka

third-person singular past indicative active of fjúka


leikar

positive degree strong feminine nominative/accusative plural of leikr


leikt

positive degree strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of leikr


væn

positive degree strong feminine nominative singular

positive degree strong neuter nominative/accusative plural


væn

second-person singular imperative active of væna


vænt

positive degree strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of vænn


bæri

third-person singular/plural past active subjunctive of bera


sámr

Norwegian Nynorsk: såm

desc

⇒? Swedish: sämre (“worse”), sämst (“worst”)

Köbler proposes an origin from Proto-Germanic *sēmaz. Perhaps cognate with Old English sǣmra (“worse”).

[…] þó vas snemr in sáma · Svívǫr numin lífi.

Þorbjǫrn dísarskáld, Poem about Þórr 2/7–8

[…] but earlier the swarthy Swiwor was robbed of life.


úlíkr

Danish: ulig

Faroese: ólíkur

Icelandic: ólíkur

Norwegian Bokmål: ulik

Norwegian Nynorsk: ulik

Swedish: olik

From Proto-Germanic *ungalīkaz. By surface analysis, ú- + líkr. Compare Old English unġelīċ (English unlike), Dutch ongelijk, German ungleich.


Játvarðr

Faroese: Jatvarður

Icelandic: Játvarður

Borrowed from Old English Ēadweard, from Proto-Germanic *Audawarduz. Cognate to Old High German Otdward. Doublet of inherited Auðvarðr.


dult

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of duld


galdra

indefinite accusative/genitive plural of galdr


sæta

head

sæta (past indicative sætti, past participle sættr)

sætti (indicative past)
sættr (participle past)
sæta (infinitive)
sætandi (participle present)
sættr (participle past)
sæti (first-person indicative present singular)
sætta (first-person indicative past singular)
sæta (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sætta (first-person past singular subjunctive)
sætir (indicative present second-person singular)
sættir (indicative past second-person singular)
sætir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
sættir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
sætir (indicative present singular third-person)
sætti (indicative past singular third-person)
sæti (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sætti (past singular subjunctive third-person)
sætum (first-person indicative plural present)
sættum (first-person indicative past plural)
sætim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
sættim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
sætið (indicative plural present second-person)
sættuð (indicative past plural second-person)
sætið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sættið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
sæta (indicative plural present third-person)
sættu (indicative past plural third-person)
sæti (plural present subjunctive third-person)
sætti (past plural subjunctive third-person)
sæt (present second-person singular)
sæti (present second-person singular)
sætum (first-person plural present)
sætið (plural present second-person)
sætask (infinitive)
sætandisk (participle present)
sæzk (participle past)
sætumk (first-person indicative present singular)
sættumk (first-person indicative past singular)
sætumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sættumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
sætisk (indicative present second-person singular)
sættisk (indicative past second-person singular)
sætisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
sættisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
sætisk (indicative present singular third-person)
sættisk (indicative past singular third-person)
sætisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sættisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
sætumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
sættumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
sætimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
sættimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
sætizk (indicative plural present second-person)
sættuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
sætizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sættizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
sætask (indicative plural present third-person)
sættusk (indicative past plural third-person)
sætisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
sættisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
sæzk (present second-person singular)
sætisk (present second-person singular)
sætumsk (first-person plural present)
sætizk (plural present second-person)

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of sæta — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of sæta — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

Icelandic: sæta

Norwegian Nynorsk: sæta, sæte


sæta

sætu (genitive)
sæta (indefinite nominative singular)
sætan (definite nominative singular)
sætur (indefinite nominative plural)
sæturnar (definite nominative plural)
sætu (accusative indefinite singular)
sætuna (accusative definite singular)
sætur (accusative indefinite plural)
sæturnar (accusative definite plural)
sætu (dative indefinite singular)
sætunni (dative definite singular)
sætum (dative indefinite plural)
sætunum (dative definite plural)
sætu (genitive indefinite singular)
sætunnar (definite genitive singular)
sætna (genitive indefinite plural)
sætnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

sæta

Icelandic: sæta

a woman whose husband has gone out of the country


sæta

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


vandahús

wicker house (as in a house made of wicker or wickerwork):

Á Náströndum er mikill salr ok illr, ok horfa í norðr dyrr, hann er ok ofinn allr ormahryggjum sem vandahús, en ormahöfuð öll vitu inn í húsit ok blása eitri, svá at eptir salnum renna eitrár, ok vaða þær ár eiðrofar ok morðvargar, [...]
On Nástrand [Strand of the Dead] is a great hall and evil, and its doors face to the north: it is all woven of serpent-backs like a wattle-house; and all the snake-heads turn into the house and blow venom, so that along the hall run rivers of venom; and they who have broken oaths, and murderers, wade those rivers, …

1916, Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur (translation), ca. 1220, Snorri Sturluson, Prose Edda, Gylfaginning 52

(Norse mythology) a description of the hall of snakes in Nástrǫnd (Corpse Shore), a location in Hel, as recorded in Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda


freyja

Icelandic: freyja

Old Swedish: -prea

From Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ (“lady”). Cognate with Old English frēo, frōwe, Old Frisian frowe, Old Saxon frūa, Old High German frouwa.


strauk

first-person singular past indicative active of strjúka

third-person singular past indicative active of strjúka


ꝫ

mꝫ → með; mꝫan → meðan

(medial or word-final) scribal abbreviation of ⟨eð⟩


ú-

Icelandic: ó-

Faroese: ó-

Norwegian Nynorsk: u-, o-

Old Swedish: ō-

Swedish: o-

Danish: u-

Norwegian Bokmål: u-

Inherited from Proto-Norse ᚢᚾ- (un-), from Proto-Germanic *un-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-, a prefix use of the particle *né (“not”). Cognates include Middle High German un-, Old English un-, Latin in- and Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-).


vestan

Icelandic: vestan

Faroese: vestan

Old Swedish: væstan

Swedish: västan

From Proto-Germanic *westanē (“from the west”), akin to vestr + -an.


Gautstafr

Icelandic: Gautstafur

Norwegian: Gautstav

Old Swedish: Gø̄tstaf

Swedish: Göstav, Gösta, Gustav, Gustaf

→ Norwegian: Gustav


skilnaðr

Icelandic: skilnaður

Old Danish: skilnad

Old Swedish: skilnadher, skilnaþer

Swedish: skillnad

Norwegian: skilnad

at skilnaði


Bura

accusative/dative/genitive singular of Buri


hentar

strong feminine nominative/accusative plural of hentr


synst

strong feminine nominative singular of synstr

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of synstr

strong neuter nominative/accusative plural of synstr


humra

indefinite accusative/genitive plural of humarr


saup

non-decl-blank-full

saup

saup (indefinite nominative singular)
saupit (definite nominative singular)
saup (indefinite nominative plural)
saupin (definite nominative plural)
saup (accusative indefinite singular)
saupit (accusative definite singular)
saup (accusative indefinite plural)
saupin (accusative definite plural)
saupi (dative indefinite singular)
saupinu (dative definite singular)
saupum (dative indefinite plural)
saupunum (dative definite plural)
saups (genitive indefinite singular)
saupsins (definite genitive singular)
saupa (genitive indefinite plural)
saupanna (definite genitive plural)

Norwegian Nynorsk: saup

Norwegian Bokmål: saup


saup

inflection of súpa:
first-person singular past indicative

inflection of súpa:
third-person singular past indicative


snautt

strong neuter nominative singular of snauðr

strong neuter accusative singular of snauðr


kranga

Related to kringla (“circle, disk”). Compare also Old English cringan (“to yield, fall”).


Kinaðr

Possibly from Old Irish Cináed or from its source, Pictish *ᚉᚔᚅᚔᚑᚇ (Ciniod), in which case it is a cognate to English Kenneth.


víst

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of víss


hvell

strong feminine nominative singular of hvellr

strong neuter nominative and accusative plural of hvellr


jǫrmun-

Icelandic: jörmun-

From Proto-Germanic *ermunaz, cognate with Old Saxon irmin- and Old English eormen-.


skjalgr

>? Norwegian Nynorsk: skjegl

From Proto-Germanic *skelhaz (“squinting”).


tangir

indefinite nominative/accusative plural of tǫng


Kalman

Kalman (indefinite nominative singular)
Kalman (accusative indefinite singular)
Kalmani (dative indefinite singular)
Kalmans (genitive indefinite singular)

Icelandic: Kalman

Borrowed from Middle Irish Colmán, diminutive of Old Irish columb (“dove”), from Latin columba (“dove”).


tekit

strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of tekinn


ꝁ

Ⱥⱥ Ƀƀ Ȼȼ Đđ Ɇɇ Ǥǥ Ħħ Ɨɨ Ɉɉ Ꝁꝁ Łł Øø Ᵽᵽ Ɍɍ Ŧŧ Ʉʉ Ɏɏ Ƶƶ Ꝥꝥ


ꝍ

a letter for the various vowel sounds /ǫ/, /øː/, /ey/


brannt

second-person singular past indicative active of brenna (intransitive verb)


kumbl

Icelandic: kuml

Faroese: kumli m

Old Swedish: kumbel

Swedish: kummel

→ Finnish: kummeli

From Proto-Germanic *kumblą. Cognate with Old English cumbol (“sign, banner”).

kuml (alternative)
kubl (alternative)
ᚴᚢᛘᛒᛚ (alternative)
ᚴᚢᛘᛚ (alternative)
ᚴᚢᛒᛚ (alternative)


djǫfull

djǫfull

djǫfull (indefinite nominative singular)
djǫfullinn (definite nominative singular)
djǫflar (indefinite nominative plural)
djǫflarnir (definite nominative plural)
djǫful (accusative indefinite singular)
djǫfulinn (accusative definite singular)
djǫfla (accusative indefinite plural)
djǫflana (accusative definite plural)
djǫfli (dative indefinite singular)
djǫflinum (dative definite singular)
djǫflum (dative indefinite plural)
djǫflunum (dative definite plural)
djǫfuls (genitive indefinite singular)
djǫfulsins (definite genitive singular)
djǫfla (genitive indefinite plural)
djǫflanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: djöfull

Faroese: djevul, devul, devil

Norwegian:

Bokmål: djevel

Nynorsk: djevel

desc

Old Swedish: diævul, diæffwol, diæffuill, diawl, diwell, dyfwll, dyffwill, diefwel

Swedish: djävel, djävul, jävel

Danish: djævel

From Old English dēofol, from Latin diabolus, from Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos).


vǫrn

varnar (genitive)
varnir (plural)
vǫrn (indefinite nominative singular)
vǫrnin (definite nominative singular)
varnir (indefinite nominative plural)
varnirnar (definite nominative plural)
vǫrn (accusative indefinite singular)
vǫrnina (accusative definite singular)
varnir (accusative indefinite plural)
varnirnar (accusative definite plural)
vǫrn (dative indefinite singular)
vǫrninni (dative definite singular)
varnum (dative indefinite plural)
varnunum (dative definite plural)
varnar (genitive indefinite singular)
varnarinnar (definite genitive singular)
varna (genitive indefinite plural)
varnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

vǫrn

Old Danish: værn f

Danish: værn n

Norwegian Bokmål: vern n

Faroese: vørn f

Icelandic: vörn f

Norwegian Nynorsk: vern n

Old Swedish: værn

Swedish: värn n

From Proto-Germanic *warīniz, from *warjaną, whence also Old Norse verja.


draf

draf

draf (indefinite nominative singular)
drafit (definite nominative singular)
drǫf (indefinite nominative plural)
drǫfin (definite nominative plural)
draf (accusative indefinite singular)
drafit (accusative definite singular)
drǫf (accusative indefinite plural)
drǫfin (accusative definite plural)
drafi (dative indefinite singular)
drafinu (dative definite singular)
drǫfum (dative indefinite plural)
drǫfunum (dative definite plural)
drafs (genitive indefinite singular)
drafsins (definite genitive singular)
drafa (genitive indefinite plural)
drafanna (definite genitive plural)


viku

accusative/dative/genitive singular of vika


sadda

inflection of saddr:
strong feminine accusative singular

inflection of saddr:
strong masculine accusative plural

inflection of saddr:
weak masculine oblique singular

inflection of saddr:
weak feminine nominative singular

inflection of saddr:
weak neuter singular


spǫlr

head

spǫlr m (genitive spalar, plural spelir, accusative spǫlu)

spalar (genitive)
spelir (plural)
spǫlu (accusative)
spǫlr (indefinite nominative singular)
spǫlrinn (definite nominative singular)
spelir (indefinite nominative plural)
spelirnir (definite nominative plural)
spǫl (accusative indefinite singular)
spǫlinn (accusative definite singular)
spǫlu (accusative indefinite plural)
spǫluna (accusative definite plural)
speli (dative indefinite singular)
spelinum (dative definite singular)
spǫlum (dative indefinite plural)
spǫlunum (dative definite plural)
spalar (genitive indefinite singular)
spalarins (definite genitive singular)
spala (genitive indefinite plural)
spalanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

spǫlr

smugu þeir milli spalanna

hefja upp sǫgu ok segja af spǫl nǫkkurn


settr

hón skal hér svá vel sett sem hón væri mín dóttir

skip konungs vóru sett mjǫk

lítt settr at klæðum

settr með einhverju


ættaðr

From ætt (“lineage, clan”) + -aðr (“-ed”).

ættaðr vel

hón var ættuð ór Mostr


áttatigir

non-decl-blank-plur-indef

áttatigir

áttatigir (indefinite nominative)
áttatigu (accusative indefinite)
áttatigum (dative indefinite)
áttatiga (genitive indefinite)
átta tigir (alternative)
áttatigi (alternative)
áttatíu (alternative)

Icelandic: áttatíu

Norwegian Nynorsk: åtti

Norwegian Bokmål: åtti

→ Danish: otti

Swedish: åttio

Old Danish: attetigh

From átta (“eight”) + tigir (“amounts of ten”).

compound

áttatigir manna eru á skipi mínu

(cardinal number) eighty [with genitive ‘of something’]


eldsváði

Icelandic: eldsvoði

Old Swedish: elds vadhe

Swedish: eldsvåda

Danish: ildsvåde


annt

mörgum var annt heim

ekki er annt um þat

vera annt til einhvers


spyrið

second-person plural present active indicative/subjunctive/imperative of spyrja


fǫlr

Icelandic: fölur

Faroese: følin

Old Swedish:

Swedish: fal

From Proto-Germanic *falwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *polHwós (“pale, gray”).

inh

fǫlr sem aska (gras, nár)

hann gørði fǫlvan

1000s, Sigtuna box
ᚠᚢᚼᛚ × ᚢᛅᛚᚢᛅ × ᛋᛚᛅᛁᛏ × ᚠᛅᛚᚢᚬᚾ × ᚠᚬᚾᚴᛆᚢᚴ × ᚬᚾᚬᛋᛅᚢᚴᛅ
fuhl × ualua × slait × faluąn × fąnkauk × ąnąsauka
fugl velva sleit fǫlvan / fann gauk á nás auka

A bird tore the pale robber apart / one found an increase/swelling [of the stomach] on the corpse-bird.


druknar

strong feminine nominative/accusative plural of drukkinn


druknar

second/third-person singular present indicative active of drukna


smaug

first-person singular past indicative active of smjúga

third-person singular past indicative active of smjúga


fǿra

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of fǿra — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of fǿra — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

fǿra (infinitive)
fǿrandi (participle present)
fǿrðr (participle past)
fǿri (first-person indicative present singular)
fǿrða (first-person indicative past singular)
fǿra (first-person present singular subjunctive)
fǿrða (first-person past singular subjunctive)
fǿrir (indicative present second-person singular)
fǿrðir (indicative past second-person singular)
fǿrir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
fǿrðir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
fǿrir (indicative present singular third-person)
fǿrði (indicative past singular third-person)
fǿri (present singular subjunctive third-person)
fǿrði (past singular subjunctive third-person)
fǿrum (first-person indicative plural present)
fǿrðum (first-person indicative past plural)
fǿrim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
fǿrðim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
fǿrið (indicative plural present second-person)
fǿrðuð (indicative past plural second-person)
fǿrið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
fǿrðið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
fǿra (indicative plural present third-person)
fǿrðu (indicative past plural third-person)
fǿri (plural present subjunctive third-person)
fǿrði (past plural subjunctive third-person)
fǿr (present second-person singular)
fǿri (present second-person singular)
fǿrum (first-person plural present)
fǿrið (plural present second-person)
fǿrask (infinitive)
fǿrandisk (participle present)
fǿrzk (participle past)
fǿrumk (first-person indicative present singular)
fǿrðumk (first-person indicative past singular)
fǿrumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
fǿrðumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
fǿrisk (indicative present second-person singular)
fǿrðisk (indicative past second-person singular)
fǿrisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
fǿrðisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
fǿrisk (indicative present singular third-person)
fǿrðisk (indicative past singular third-person)
fǿrisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
fǿrðisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
fǿrumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
fǿrðumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
fǿrimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
fǿrðimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
fǿrizk (indicative plural present second-person)
fǿrðuzk (indicative past plural second-person)
fǿrizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
fǿrðizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
fǿrask (indicative plural present third-person)
fǿrðusk (indicative past plural third-person)
fǿrisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
fǿrðisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
fǿrsk (present second-person singular)
fǿrisk (present second-person singular)
fǿrumsk (first-person plural present)
fǿrizk (plural present second-person)
fœra (alternative)
færa (alternative)

Icelandic: færa

Faroese: føra

Norwegian Nynorsk: føra

Old Swedish: fø̄ra

Swedish: föra

Old Danish: føræ

Danish: føre

Norwegian Bokmål: føre

→ English: fure


fǿra

first-person singular subjunctive past of fara


fjǫl

head

fjǫl f (genitive fjalar, plural fjalar or fjalir)

fjalar (genitive)
fjalar (plural)
fjalir (plural)

Icelandic: fjöl

Norwegian Nynorsk: fjøl

→ Norwegian Bokmål: fjøl


beini

beina (genitive)
beini (indefinite nominative singular)
beininn (definite nominative singular)
beinar (indefinite nominative plural)
beinarnir (definite nominative plural)
beina (accusative indefinite singular)
beinann (accusative definite singular)
beina (accusative indefinite plural)
beinana (accusative definite plural)
beina (dative indefinite singular)
beinanum (dative definite singular)
beinum (dative indefinite plural)
beinunum (dative definite plural)
beina (genitive indefinite singular)
beinans (definite genitive singular)
beina (genitive indefinite plural)
beinanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

beini

Faroese: beini

Norwegian Nynorsk: beine f


týja

head

týja (third-person singular present indicative týr, preterite týði, supine týt)

týr (indicative present singular third-person)
týði (preterite)
týt (supine)
tjá (alternative)
tjóa (alternative)
tœja (alternative)

þat týði ekki


lakt

positive degree strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of lakr


lakt

second-person singular past indicative of leka


kraup

first-person singular past indicative active of krjúpa

third-person singular past indicative active of krjúpa


selda

first-person singular past indicative of selja

first-person singular past subjunctive of selja


þunnvangi

Norwegian:

Bokmål: tinning

Norwegian Nynorsk: tinning

Swedish: tinning

Danish: tinding


venzl

fyrir venzla sakir


rjóðr

rjóðr í andliti


rjóðr

non-decl-blank-full

rjóðr

rjóðr (indefinite nominative singular)
rjóðrit (definite nominative singular)
rjóðr (indefinite nominative plural)
rjóðrin (definite nominative plural)
rjóðr (accusative indefinite singular)
rjóðrit (accusative definite singular)
rjóðr (accusative indefinite plural)
rjóðrin (accusative definite plural)
rjóðri (dative indefinite singular)
rjóðrinu (dative definite singular)
rjóðrum (dative indefinite plural)
rjóðrunum (dative definite plural)
rjóðrs (genitive indefinite singular)
rjóðrsins (definite genitive singular)
rjóðra (genitive indefinite plural)
rjóðranna (definite genitive plural)
ruð (alternative)
ryðja (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *reudaną (“to clear, eradicate”).

inh

skógr rjóðrum hǫggvinn


rjóðr

non-decl-blank-full

rjóðr

rjóðr (indefinite nominative singular)
rjóðrinn (definite nominative singular)
rjóðar (indefinite nominative plural)
rjóðarnir (definite nominative plural)
rjóð (accusative indefinite singular)
rjóðinn (accusative definite singular)
rjóða (accusative indefinite plural)
rjóðana (accusative definite plural)
rjóði (dative indefinite singular)
rjóðinum (dative definite singular)
rjóðum (dative indefinite plural)
rjóðunum (dative definite plural)
rjóðs (genitive indefinite singular)
rjóðsins (definite genitive singular)
rjóða (genitive indefinite plural)
rjóðanna (definite genitive plural)

A-stem agent noun of rjóða (“to redden”).


braka

Danish: brage

Icelandic: braka

Norwegian Bokmål: brake

Norwegian Nynorsk: brake, braka

Swedish: braka

brakaði mjǫk í skipinu


sǫgn

sagnar (genitive)
sagnir (plural)
sǫgn (indefinite nominative singular)
sǫgnin (definite nominative singular)
sagnir (indefinite nominative plural)
sagnirnar (definite nominative plural)
sǫgn (accusative indefinite singular)
sǫgnina (accusative definite singular)
sagnir (accusative indefinite plural)
sagnirnar (accusative definite plural)
sǫgn (dative indefinite singular)
sǫgninni (dative definite singular)
sǫgnum (dative indefinite plural)
sǫgnunum (dative definite plural)
sagnar (genitive indefinite singular)
sagnarinnar (definite genitive singular)
sagna (genitive indefinite plural)
sagnanna (definite genitive plural)

sǫgn

Icelandic: sögn

Faroese: søgn

Norwegian Bokmål: sagn, segn

Norwegian Nynorsk: segn, sogn

Old Swedish: saghn, sæghn

Swedish: sägen, sägn

Old Danish: saghn

Danish: sagn

From the root of segja (“to declare, tell, say”).

þat er sǫgn manna, at


verðr

Icelandic: verður

Faroese: verður

Norwegian: dugurd, dagverd, nattverd

desc

Old Swedish: -varþer, -værþer, -orþer, -vordher

Swedish: dagvard, nattvard

Old Danish: dagorth, natwarth

Danish: davre, nadver

From Proto-Germanic *werdu-, related to *werduz (“host”). The original meaning may have been "attendance, heeding."


verðr

Icelandic: verður

Faroese: verður

Norwegian: verdt, verd

Old Swedish: værþer

Swedish: värd

Danish: værd

svá þótti honum mikils um vert

mikils verðr

verðr einhvers


ᚦᚢᚱ

late 10th, early 11th century: Velanda Runestone
× ᚦᚢᚱᚢᛁ : ᚱᛁᛋᚦᛁ : ᛋᛏᛁᚾ : ᛁᚠᛏᛁᛦ : ᚢᚴᛘᚢᛏ : ᛒᚢᛏᛅ : ᛋᛁᚾ : ᛘᛁᚢᚴ : ᚴᚢᚦᛅᚾ : ᚦᛁᚴᚾ × ᚦᚢᚱ : ᚢᛁᚴᛁ ×
× þurui : risþi : stin : iftiʀ : ukmut : buta : sin : miuk : kuþan : þikn × þur : uiki ×
Þyrvi raised the stone in memory of Ǫgmundr, her husbandman, a very good Þegn. May Thor hallow.

(Norse mythology) Runic spelling of Þórr (“Thor (god of thunder)”).


ᚱᛅᛁᛋᛅ

head

ᚱᛅᛁᛋᛏᛁ, ᚱᛋᛏᛁ, ᚱᛁᛋᚦᛁ

ᚱᛅᛁᛋᛏᚢ, ᚱᛋᛏᚢ

ᚱᛅᛁᛋᛅ (raisa) (singular past indicative ᚱᛅᛁᛋᛏᛁ, ᚱᛋᛏᛁ, ᚱᛁᛋᚦᛁ, plural past indicative ᚱᛅᛁᛋᛏᚢ, ᚱᛋᛏᚢ)

non-verb

ᚱᛅᛁᛋᛏᛁ, ᚱᛋᛏᛁ, ᚱᛁᛋᚦᛁ

ᚱᛅᛁᛋᛏᚢ, ᚱᛋᛏᚢ

raisa (romanization)
ᚱᛅᛁᛋᛏᛁ (indicative past singular)
ᚱᛋᛏᛁ (indicative past singular)
ᚱᛁᛋᚦᛁ (indicative past singular)
ᚱᛅᛁᛋᛏᚢ (indicative past plural)
ᚱᛋᛏᚢ (indicative past plural)

11th century Ingvar runestones#Sö 179
× ᛏᚢᛚᛅ : ᛚᛁᛏ : ᚱᛅᛁᛋᛅ : ᛋᛏᛅᛁᚾ : ᚦᛁᚾᛋ ᛅᛏ : ᛋᚢᚾ : ᛋᛁᚾ : ᚼᛅᚱᛅᛚᛏ : ᛒᚱᚢᚦᚢᚱ : ᛁᚾᚴᚢᛅᚱᛋ...
Tola let ræisa stæin þennsa at sun sinn Harald, broður Ingvars.
Tóla had this stone raised in memory of her son Haraldr, Ingvarr's brother.

11th century Runestone Uppland 937
ᚦᛁᛅᚴᚾ᛫ᛅᚢᚴ᛫ᚴᚢᚾᛅᚱ᛫ᚱᛅᛁᛋᛏᚢ᛫ᛋᛏᛅᛁᚾᛅ᛫ᛅᚠᛏᛁᛦ᛫ᚢᛅᚱ᛫ᛒᚱᚢᚦᚢᚱ᛫ᛋᛁᚾ
þiakn᛫auk᛫kunar᛫raistu᛫staina᛫aftiʀ᛫uar᛫bruþur᛫sin
Tegn and Gunnarr raised this stone after Väder, their brother.

Runic spelling of reisa /ræisa (“to raise, erect (a stone, etc.)”)


ᚱᛁᛋᛏᛅ

head

ᚱᛁᛋᛏᛅ (rista) (singular past indicative ᚱᛁᛋᛏᛁ, plural past indicative ᚱᛁᛋᛏᚢ)

rista (romanization)
ᚱᛁᛋᛏᛁ (indicative past singular)
ᚱᛁᛋᛏᚢ (indicative past plural)

11th century Uppland Runic Inscription 80
×ᛅᚾᛏᚢᚽᛏᚱ×ᛅᚢᚴ᛭ᚴᚽᚱᚦᛅᚱ᛭ᛚᛁᛏᚢ×ᚱᛁᛋᛏᛅ×ᚱᚢᚾᛅᚱ×ᚦᛁᛋᛅ×ᛁᚠᛏᛁᛦ×ᛋᚢᛅᛁᚾ×ᚠᛅᚦᚢᚱᛋᛁᚾ×ᛅᚢᚴ×ᚴᛅᛏᛁᛚᚢᛁ×ᛁᚠᛏᛁᛦ×ᛒᚢᛅᚾᛏᛅᛋᛁᚾ᛭
Andvettr ok Gærðarr letu rista runaʀ þessaʀ æftiʀ Svæin, faður sinn, ok Kætilvi æftiʀ boanda sinn.
Andvéttr and Gerðarr had these runes carved in memory of Sveinn, their father; and Ketilvé in memory of her husbandman.

11th century Uppland Runic Inscription Fv1976;104
ᚱᛁᚴᚱ᛫ᚮᚴ᛫ᚼᚢᛚᛏᛁ᛫ᚠᛅᛋᛏᚴᛅᛁᚱ᛫ᚦᛅᛁᛦ᛫ᛚᛁᛏᚢ᛫____ᛅ᛫ᛋᛏᛅᛁᚾ᛫ᛅᛏ᛫ᚢᛁᚴᛘᛅᚱ᛫ᚠᛅᚦᚢᚱ᛫ᛋᛁᚾ᛫ᛋᛏᚤᚱᛁᛘᛅᚾ᛫ᚴᚮᚦᛅᚾ᛫ᛚᛁᚴᛒᛁᛅᚱᚾ᛫ᚱᛁᛋᛏᛁ
Rikʀ/Rinkʀ/Ringʀ ok Hulti [ok] Fastgæiʀʀ þæiʀ letu ... stæin at Vigmar, faður sinn, styrimann goðan. Likbiorn risti.
Ríkr/Rekkr/Hringr and Holti and Fastgeirr, they had ... the stone in memory of Vígmarr, their father, a good captain. Líkbjôrn carved.

Runic spelling of rísta (“to carve (on a stone, etc.)”).


ᚴᚢᚦ

ᚴᚢᚦ᛫ᚼᛁᛂᛚᛒᛁ᛫ᛋᛅᛚ᛫ᚼᛂᚾᛅᛦ᛫ᚢᛂᛚ᛫ᚾᚢ
kuþ᛫hielbi᛫sal᛫henaʀ᛫uel᛫nu

ᛋᚴᛅᚾᛘᛅᛚᛋ ᛅᚢᚴ × ᚬᛚᛅᚢᚠ × ᚦᛅᚢ × ᛚᛁᛏᚢ × ᚴᛁᛅᚱᛅ × ᛘᛂᚱᚴᛁ × ᚦᛅᚢᛋᛁ × ᛂᚠᛏᛁᛦ × ᛋᚢᛅᛁᚾ × ᚠᛅᚦᚢᚱ × ᛋᛁᚾ × ᚴᚢᚦ × ᚼᛁᛅᛚᛒᛁ ᛋᛅᛚᚢ ᚼᛅᚾᛋ
skanmals auk × olauf × þau × litu × kiara × merki × þausi × eftiʀ × suain × faþur × sin × kuþ × hialbi salu hans

11th c., inscription on the Skåäng Runestone

Skammhals and Ólôf, they had these landmarks made in memory of Sveinn, their father. May God help his soul.


eisa

From Proto-Germanic *aisōną (“to drive violently”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂oyseh₂ye-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eysh₂ (“to move, propel”). Cognate with Latin īra (“anger, rage”).


eisa

non-decl-blank-full

eisa

eisa (indefinite nominative singular)
eisan (definite nominative singular)
eisur (indefinite nominative plural)
eisurnar (definite nominative plural)
eisu (accusative indefinite singular)
eisuna (accusative definite singular)
eisur (accusative indefinite plural)
eisurnar (accusative definite plural)
eisu (dative indefinite singular)
eisunni (dative definite singular)
eisum (dative indefinite plural)
eisunum (dative definite plural)
eisu (genitive indefinite singular)
eisunnar (definite genitive singular)
eisna (genitive indefinite plural)
eisnanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: eisa

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: eisa, eise; (dialectal) ese, hese

→ Norwegian Bokmål: eise

Swedish: (dialectal) ajsa

→ Scots: aes, es, aze

From Proto-Germanic *aidsǭ, *aisǭ, from *aidaz (“fire, pyre”).

1000s, Unknown poem, Atli the Little, quoted in Skáldskaparmál, Snorri Sturluson.
Øx rýðsk – eisur vaxa,
allmǫrg – loga hallir –
hús brenna, gim geisar,
góðmennit fellr – blóði.
The axe is reddened with blood, the embers grow,
the halls are engulfed,
all houses are burning, the flame surges,


falkr

Faroese: falkur

Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: falk

Norwegian Nynorsk: falk

Swedish: falk

Danish: falk

Elfdalian: falk

From Proto-Germanic *falkô (“hawk, falcon”).


gullu

third-person plural past active indicative of gjalla


ausker

Swedish: öskar

Norwegian: auskjer

→ Finnish: äyskäri


ᛅᚢᚴ

auk (romanization)
ᛡᚢᚴ (alternative)
ᚢᚴ (alternative)
ᚮᚴ (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *auk (“also”). Cognate with Old English ēac, Old Frisian āk, Old Saxon ōk, Old High German ouh, Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌺 (auk).

c. 10th century, inscription B on the Skåäng Runestone:
ᛋᚴᛅᚾᛘᛅᛚᛋ ᛅᚢᚴ × ᚬᛚᛅᚢᚠ × ᚦᛅᚢ × ᛚᛁᛏᚢ × ᚴᛁᛅᚱᛅ × ᛘᛂᚱᚴᛁ × ᚦᛅᚢᛋᛁ × ᛂᚠᛏᛁᛦ × ᛋᚢᛅᛁᚾ × ᚠᛅᚦᚢᚱ × ᛋᛁᚾ × ᚴᚢᚦ × ᚼᛁᛅᛚᛒᛁ ᛋᛅᛚᚢ ᚼᛅᚾᛋ
skanmals auk × olauf × þau × litu × kiara × merki × þausi × eftiʀ × suain × faþur × sin × kuþ × hialbi salu hans
Skammhals and Ólôf, they had these landmarks made in memory of Sveinn, their father. May God help his soul.

11th century, Uppland Runic Inscription 80:
×ᛅᚾᛏᚢᚽᛏᚱ×ᛅᚢᚴ᛭ᚴᚽᚱᚦᛅᚱ᛭ᛚᛁᛏᚢ×ᚱᛁᛋᛏᛅ×ᚱᚢᚾᛅᚱ×ᚦᛁᛋᛅ×ᛁᚠᛏᛁᛦ×ᛋᚢᛅᛁᚾ×ᚠᛅᚦᚢᚱᛋᛁᚾ×ᛅᚢᚴ×ᚴᛅᛏᛁᛚᚢᛁ×ᛁᚠᛏᛁᛦ×ᛒᚢᛅᚾᛏᛅᛋᛁᚾ᛭
×antuhtr×auk᛭khrþar᛭litu×rista×runar×þisa×iftiʀ×suain×faþursin×auk×katilui×iftiʀ×buantasin᛭
Andvéttr and Gerðarr had these runes carved in memory of Sveinn, their father; and Ketilvé in memory of her husbandman.


lægð

non-decl-blank-full

lægð

lægð (indefinite nominative singular)
lægðin (definite nominative singular)
lægðir (indefinite nominative plural)
lægðirnar (definite nominative plural)
lægð (accusative indefinite singular)
lægðina (accusative definite singular)
lægðir (accusative indefinite plural)
lægðirnar (accusative definite plural)
lægð (dative indefinite singular)
lægðinni (dative definite singular)
lægðum (dative indefinite plural)
lægðunum (dative definite plural)
lægðar (genitive indefinite singular)
lægðarinnar (definite genitive singular)
lægða (genitive indefinite plural)
lægðanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: lægð

Faroese: lægd

Norwegian Nynorsk: lægd

From Proto-Germanic *lēgiþō. Akin to lágr + -ð.


hœnsn

Gutnish: hyns n pl

Elfdalian: yöns n

Danish: høns c pl

Icelandic: hænsn n

Norwegian Bokmål: høns n pl

Norwegian Nynorsk: høns n pl

Swedish: höns n


búi

búa (genitive)
búi (indefinite nominative singular)
búinn (definite nominative singular)
búar (indefinite nominative plural)
búarnir (definite nominative plural)
búa (accusative indefinite singular)
búann (accusative definite singular)
búa (accusative indefinite plural)
búana (accusative definite plural)
búa (dative indefinite singular)
búanum (dative definite singular)
búm (dative indefinite plural)
búnum (dative definite plural)
búa (genitive indefinite singular)
búans (definite genitive singular)
búa (genitive indefinite plural)
búanna (definite genitive plural)

búi

Norwegian Nynorsk: -bu

→ Norwegian Bokmål: -bu

Old Swedish: -boe

Swedish: bo

Old Danish: -bōi

Danish: -bo

Norwegian Bokmål: -bo


kvern

non-noun

kvern f (genitive kvernar, plural kvernir)

kvernar (genitive)
kvernir (plural)
kvern (indefinite nominative singular)
kvernin (definite nominative singular)
kvernar (indefinite nominative plural)
kvernir (indefinite nominative plural)
kvernarnar (definite nominative plural)
kvernirnar (definite nominative plural)
kvern (accusative indefinite singular)
kvernina (accusative definite singular)
kvernar (accusative indefinite plural)
kvernir (accusative indefinite plural)
kvernarnar (accusative definite plural)
kvernirnar (accusative definite plural)
kvern (dative indefinite singular)
kverninni (dative definite singular)
kvernum (dative indefinite plural)
kvernunum (dative definite plural)
kvernar (genitive indefinite singular)
kvernarinnar (definite genitive singular)
kverna (genitive indefinite plural)
kvernanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

kvern

Icelandic: kvörn f

Faroese: kvørn f

Norwegian Nynorsk: kvern f

Norwegian Bokmål: kvern m or f

Jamtish: kvárn f

Old Swedish: kværn f

Swedish: kvarn c

Danish: kværn c


vitnir

non-noun

vitnir m (genitive vitnis, plural vitnar)

vitnis (genitive)
vitnar (plural)
vitnir (indefinite nominative singular)
vitnirinn (definite nominative singular)
vitnar (indefinite nominative plural)
vitnarnir (definite nominative plural)
vitni (accusative indefinite singular)
vitninn (accusative definite singular)
vitna (accusative indefinite plural)
vitnana (accusative definite plural)
vitni (dative indefinite singular)
vitninum (dative definite singular)
vitnum (dative indefinite plural)
vitnunum (dative definite plural)
vitnis (genitive indefinite singular)
vitnisins (definite genitive singular)
vitna (genitive indefinite plural)
vitnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

vitnir

Unclear; no Germanic cognates are known. However, possibly connected to Hittite 𒄷𒄿𒋫𒅈 (ḫu-i-ta-ar /ḫwitar/, “wild animal, game”) (gen.sg. 𒄷𒀉𒈾𒀸 (ḫu-it-na-aš /ḫwitnas/)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weyd- (“to be alive”), as found also in Luwian, e.g. 𒄷𒄿𒁺𒉿𒇷𒅖 (ḫu-i-du-wa-li-iš /ḫwitwalis/, “alive”).


vesall

Icelandic: vesæll, vesall

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: vesall, vesal (dialectal) visall’e, vesål, vesæl

Elfdalian: wisäl, wisel

Swedish: vesäll

From Proto-Norse *ᚹᚨᛃᛖᛊᚨᛚᛁᛉ (*wajesaliʀ /wajēsālīʀ/), equivalent to ve- (“miserably, (very) poorly”) + sæll (“well, fortunate, happy”) (compare veill from Proto-Norse *ᚹᚨᛃᛖᚺᚨᛁᛚᚨᛉ (*wajehailaʀ) and also Proto-Norse ᚹᚨᛃᛖᛗᚨᚱᛁᛉ (wajemariʀ /wajēmārīʀ/, “ill reputed, infamous”)). This word must be fairly old; there is no i-umlaut on the second element. Compare with the younger and more transparent ósæll.


hjallr

Icelandic: hjallur

Faroese: hjallur

Swedish: hjälle

desc

Norwegian: hjell, hell, hjedl, kjedl, sjall, hil (dialectal)

Danish: hjald

From Proto-Germanic *helþaz (“outhouse, shed”).


andsǿlis

From and- (“against”) + *sǿlis, genitive of *sǿli (“course of the sun”), from Proto-Germanic *sōliją, from *sōl (“sun”) + *-ją.

against the course of the sun, widdershins, anticlockwise


kverk

non-noun

kverk f (genitive kverkar, plural kverkr)

kverkar (genitive)
kverkr (plural)
kverk (indefinite nominative singular)
kverkin (definite nominative singular)
kverkr (indefinite nominative plural)
kverkrnar (definite nominative plural)
kverk (accusative indefinite singular)
kverkina (accusative definite singular)
kverkr (accusative indefinite plural)
kverkrnar (accusative definite plural)
kverk (dative indefinite singular)
kverkinni (dative definite singular)
kverkum (dative indefinite plural)
kverkunum (dative definite plural)
kverkar (genitive indefinite singular)
kverkarinnar (definite genitive singular)
kverka (genitive indefinite plural)
kverkanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

kverk

Icelandic: kverk

Faroese: kvørkrar pl

Norwegian Nynorsk: kverk

Norwegian Bokmål: kverk

→ Middle English: *querk

>? English: quirk

Scots: querk


hlœgi

Old Swedish: lø̄ghe

Swedish: löje

Old Danish: løghe, løiæ

From a form related to Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną (“to laugh”), Proto-Germanic *hlōgijaną (“to make someone laugh”).

der

fá einhverjum hlœgis


hlær

veðr var þykkt ok hlætt


hlǿða

non-conj-blank-full

Conjugation of hlǿða — active (weak class 1)

Conjugation of hlǿða — mediopassive (weak class 1)

non-conj-table

hlǿða (infinitive)
hlǿðandi (participle present)
hlǿddr (participle past)
hlǿði (first-person indicative present singular)
hlǿdda (first-person indicative past singular)
hlǿða (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hlǿdda (first-person past singular subjunctive)
hlǿðir (indicative present second-person singular)
hlǿddir (indicative past second-person singular)
hlǿðir (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hlǿddir (past second-person singular subjunctive)
hlǿðir (indicative present singular third-person)
hlǿddi (indicative past singular third-person)
hlǿði (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hlǿddi (past singular subjunctive third-person)
hlǿðum (first-person indicative plural present)
hlǿddum (first-person indicative past plural)
hlǿðim (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hlǿddim (first-person past plural subjunctive)
hlǿðið (indicative plural present second-person)
hlǿdduð (indicative past plural second-person)
hlǿðið (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hlǿddið (past plural second-person subjunctive)
hlǿða (indicative plural present third-person)
hlǿddu (indicative past plural third-person)
hlǿði (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hlǿddi (past plural subjunctive third-person)
hlǿð (present second-person singular)
hlǿði (present second-person singular)
hlǿðum (first-person plural present)
hlǿðið (plural present second-person)
hlǿðask (infinitive)
hlǿðandisk (participle present)
hlǿzk (participle past)
hlǿðumk (first-person indicative present singular)
hlǿddumk (first-person indicative past singular)
hlǿðumk (first-person present singular subjunctive)
hlǿddumk (first-person past singular subjunctive)
hlǿðisk (indicative present second-person singular)
hlǿddisk (indicative past second-person singular)
hlǿðisk (present second-person singular subjunctive)
hlǿddisk (past second-person singular subjunctive)
hlǿðisk (indicative present singular third-person)
hlǿddisk (indicative past singular third-person)
hlǿðisk (present singular subjunctive third-person)
hlǿddisk (past singular subjunctive third-person)
hlǿðumsk (first-person indicative plural present)
hlǿddumsk (first-person indicative past plural)
hlǿðimsk (first-person plural present subjunctive)
hlǿddimsk (first-person past plural subjunctive)
hlǿðizk (indicative plural present second-person)
hlǿdduzk (indicative past plural second-person)
hlǿðizk (plural present second-person subjunctive)
hlǿddizk (past plural second-person subjunctive)
hlǿðask (indicative plural present third-person)
hlǿddusk (indicative past plural third-person)
hlǿðisk (plural present subjunctive third-person)
hlǿddisk (past plural subjunctive third-person)
hlǿzk (present second-person singular)
hlǿðisk (present second-person singular)
hlǿðumsk (first-person plural present)
hlǿðizk (plural present second-person)
hlœða (alternative)

Icelandic: hlæða

Faroese: løða

Norwegian Nynorsk: løda, løa, lø

Norwegian Bokmål: lø

Old Swedish: lø̄dha

hlǿða skip, hest

þú munt gulli hlǿða á Grana bógu


þúfa

þúfu (genitive)
þúfur (plural)
þúfa (indefinite nominative singular)
þúfan (definite nominative singular)
þúfur (indefinite nominative plural)
þúfurnar (definite nominative plural)
þúfu (accusative indefinite singular)
þúfuna (accusative definite singular)
þúfur (accusative indefinite plural)
þúfurnar (accusative definite plural)
þúfu (dative indefinite singular)
þúfunni (dative definite singular)
þúfum (dative indefinite plural)
þúfunum (dative definite plural)
þúfu (genitive indefinite singular)
þúfunnar (definite genitive singular)
þúfna (genitive indefinite plural)
þúfnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

þúfa

Icelandic: þúfa

Faroese: túgva

Norwegian Nynorsk: tue

Swedish: tuva

Danish: tue

From Proto-Germanic *þūbaz; cognate with English tuft. May come from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂-.


sveipr

sveipr

sveipr (indefinite nominative singular)
sveiprinn (definite nominative singular)
sveipar (indefinite nominative plural)
sveiparnir (definite nominative plural)
sveip (accusative indefinite singular)
sveipinn (accusative definite singular)
sveipa (accusative indefinite plural)
sveipana (accusative definite plural)
sveipi (dative indefinite singular)
sveipinum (dative definite singular)
sveipum (dative indefinite plural)
sveipunum (dative definite plural)
sveips (genitive indefinite singular)
sveipsins (definite genitive singular)
sveipa (genitive indefinite plural)
sveipanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: sveipur

Norwegian Nynorsk: sveip

Norwegian Bokmål: sveip

Swedish: svep

Old Danish: svøff

Danish: svøb

Related to the verb sveipa (“to swaddle, wrap; to cast”), from Proto-Germanic *swaipaną.

sveipr í hári

opt verðr sveipr í svefni


sveipr

second/third-person singular present indicative active of sveipa


hnjóskr

Icelandic: hnjóskur

Faroese: njóskur

Norwegian Nynorsk: knjosk, njosk, knusk

desc

Norwegian: (dialectal) knjøsk, hnjysk, knjysk, knøsk, knósk, knøysk, knausk, gnjåsk

Elfdalian: sniųosk

Swedish: fnöske

Gutnish: snyske

fnjóskr (alternative)
knjóskr (alternative)


veill

Icelandic: veill

Faroese: veilur

Norwegian Nynorsk: veil

Swedish: velig

ve- + heill (“healthy”). Compare vesall, úheill (English unwhole) and Latin vesanus.

veill á fótum


jafni

positive degree strong feminine dative singular

positive degree weak masculine nominative singular


jafni

third-person singular/plural present subjunctive active of jafna


gengi

gengis (genitive)
gengi (indefinite nominative singular)
gengit (definite nominative singular)
gengi (indefinite nominative plural)
gengin (definite nominative plural)
gengi (accusative indefinite singular)
gengit (accusative definite singular)
gengi (accusative indefinite plural)
gengin (accusative definite plural)
gengi (dative indefinite singular)
genginu (dative definite singular)
gengjum (dative indefinite plural)
gengjunum (dative definite plural)
gengis (genitive indefinite singular)
gengisins (definite genitive singular)
gengja (genitive indefinite plural)
gengjanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

gengi

Icelandic: gengi

desctree

→? Old English: genge
Middle English: genge, geng, ging, gyng, gynge
English: ging (obsolete)
Middle Scots: ging

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *gangiją, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ- (“to walk, step”). Related to ganga (“to go, walk”).


gengi

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemmas

weak masculine nominative singular of gengr


gengi

third-person singular/plural past subjunctive active of ganga


broddr

Icelandic: broddur

Faroese: broddur

→ Middle English: brodd, brod, brad (partly)

English: brod, brad

desc

Norwegian: brodd (“tip, shoot; elk hair; sting, stinger”), brodde

Old Swedish: brodder

Swedish: brodd

Danish: brod


fræs

strong masculine/neuter genitive singular of frær


fræs

Of imitative origin, compare Norwegian Bokmål frese, Swedish fräs.

onomatopoeic

imitative


frjó

frjós (genitive)
frjó (indefinite nominative singular)
frjóit (definite nominative singular)
frjó (indefinite nominative plural)
frjóin (definite nominative plural)
frjó (accusative indefinite singular)
frjóit (accusative definite singular)
frjó (accusative indefinite plural)
frjóin (accusative definite plural)
frjó (dative indefinite singular)
frjói (dative indefinite singular)
frjónu (dative definite singular)
frjóinu (dative definite singular)
frjóm (dative indefinite plural)
frjónum (dative definite plural)
frjós (genitive indefinite singular)
frjósins (definite genitive singular)
frjóa (genitive indefinite plural)
frjóanna (definite genitive plural)
frjó (indefinite nominative singular)
frjóit (definite nominative singular)
frjó (indefinite nominative plural)
frjóin (definite nominative plural)
frjó (accusative indefinite singular)
frjóit (accusative definite singular)
frjó (accusative indefinite plural)
frjóin (accusative definite plural)
frjóvi (dative indefinite singular)
frjóvinu (dative definite singular)
frjóvum (dative indefinite plural)
frjóvunum (dative definite plural)
frjós (genitive indefinite singular)
frjósins (definite genitive singular)
frjóva (genitive indefinite plural)
frjóvanna (definite genitive plural)
fræ (alternative)

non-decl-blank-full

frjó

frjó

Icelandic: frjó, fræ

Faroese: fræ

Norwegian Nynorsk: frø

Norwegian Bokmål: frø

Swedish: frö

Danish: frø

From Proto-Germanic *fraiwą, whence also the variant fræ.


frjó

inflection of frjór:
strong feminine nominative singular

strong neuter nominative/accusative plural


lǫgg

lǫgg

lǫgg (indefinite nominative singular)
lǫggin (definite nominative singular)
laggar (indefinite nominative plural)
laggir (indefinite nominative plural)
laggarnar (definite nominative plural)
laggirnar (definite nominative plural)
lǫgg (accusative indefinite singular)
lǫggina (accusative definite singular)
laggar (accusative indefinite plural)
laggir (accusative indefinite plural)
laggarnar (accusative definite plural)
laggirnar (accusative definite plural)
lǫgg (dative indefinite singular)
lǫgginni (dative definite singular)
lǫggum (dative indefinite plural)
lǫggunum (dative definite plural)
laggar (genitive indefinite singular)
laggarinnar (definite genitive singular)
lagga (genitive indefinite plural)
lagganna (definite genitive plural)

Danish: lugge

Faroese: løgg

Icelandic: lögg

Norwegian Bokmål: logg m, lagg m

Swedish: lagg


gerum

first-person plural present active indicative/imperative of gera


dyl

first-person singular present active indicative

second-person singular present active imperative


váði

Icelandic: voði

Faroese: váði

Norwegian: våde

Old Swedish: vāþe

Swedish: våda

Old Danish: wathæ

Danish: våde

Old Gutnish: waþi

scathe, danger, peril, of extreme sudden danger


sviðna

Icelandic: sviðna

Faroese: sviðna

→ Middle English: *swithenen

English: swidden