arfi

arfa (genitive)
arfar (plural)
arfi (indefinite nominative singular)
arfinn (definite nominative singular)
arfar (indefinite nominative plural)
arfarnir (definite nominative plural)
arfa (accusative indefinite singular)
arfann (accusative definite singular)
arfa (accusative indefinite plural)
arfana (accusative definite plural)
arfa (dative indefinite singular)
arfanum (dative definite singular)
ǫrfum (dative indefinite plural)
ǫrfunum (dative definite plural)
arfa (genitive indefinite singular)
arfans (definite genitive singular)
arfa (genitive indefinite plural)
arfanna (definite genitive plural)

arfi

From Proto-Norse ᚨᚱᛒᛁᛃᚨᚾᛟ (arbijano /arbijanō/) (genitive plural), from Proto-Germanic *arbijô.


arfi

non-decl-blank-full

arfi

Icelandic: arfi

Faroese: arvi

Norwegian: arve

Old Swedish: arve

Swedish: arv (dialectal)

Danish: arve


arfr

arfs (genitive)
arfar (plural)
arfr (indefinite nominative singular)
arfrinn (definite nominative singular)
arfar (indefinite nominative plural)
arfarnir (definite nominative plural)
arf (accusative indefinite singular)
arfinn (accusative definite singular)
arfa (accusative indefinite plural)
arfana (accusative definite plural)
arfi (dative indefinite singular)
arfinum (dative definite singular)
ǫrfum (dative indefinite plural)
ǫrfunum (dative definite plural)
arfs (genitive indefinite singular)
arfsins (definite genitive singular)
arfa (genitive indefinite plural)
arfanna (definite genitive plural)

arfr

Danish: arv

Icelandic: arfur

Faroese: arvur

Norwegian Nynorsk: arv

Norwegian Bokmål: arv

Swedish: arv

Danish: arv

From Proto-Germanic *arbaz, *arbijaz, whence also Old English ierfe, Old High German arbeo.

arfborinn

by birth entitled to inherit; legitimate

arftaka

receiving or taking possession of an inheritance


hungr

Icelandic: hungur

Faroese: hungur

Norwegian: hunger

Old Swedish: hunger

Swedish: hunger

Danish: hunger

From Proto-Germanic *hunhruz, whence also Old English hungor, Old Saxon hungar and Old High German hungar.


auðr

auðs (genitive)
auðar (genitive)
auðr (indefinite nominative singular)
auðrinn (definite nominative singular)
auð (accusative indefinite singular)
auðinn (accusative definite singular)
auði (dative indefinite singular)
auðinum (dative definite singular)
auðs (genitive indefinite singular)
auðar (genitive indefinite singular)
auðsins (definite genitive singular)
auðarins (definite genitive singular)

non-decl-blank-sing

auðr

Icelandic: auður

Faroese: eyður

Old Swedish: ø̄þer

Swedish: öd

Old Danish: øth

Danish: ød(e), (obsolete)

From Proto-Germanic *audaz (“goods, possession, luck”). Cognate with Old English ēad, Old Saxon ōd, Old High German ōt, the first part of Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍆𐍄𐍃 (audahafts, “fortunate”).

cog

[…] en þó er nú at kominn vestan af Englandi, skortir mik eigi auð, […]

Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar 175, in 1826, S. Egilsson, Þ. Guðmundsson, Fornmanna sögur, Volume II. Copenhagen, page 80

[…] but though that now is west of England, I am not short of money, […]


askr

asks (genitive)
askar (plural)
askr (indefinite nominative singular)
askrinn (definite nominative singular)
askar (indefinite nominative plural)
askarnir (definite nominative plural)
ask (accusative indefinite singular)
askinn (accusative definite singular)
aska (accusative indefinite plural)
askana (accusative definite plural)
aski (dative indefinite singular)
askinum (dative definite singular)
ǫskum (dative indefinite plural)
ǫskunum (dative definite plural)
asks (genitive indefinite singular)
asksins (definite genitive singular)
aska (genitive indefinite plural)
askanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

askr

Icelandic: askur

Faroese: askur

Norwegian Nynorsk: ask

desctree

Old Swedish: asker, ᛆᛋᚴᚽᚱ (Runic)
Swedish: ask
→ Finnish: aski

Old Danish: ask

Danish: ask

Norwegian Bokmål: ask

Gutnish: ask, äsk

desc

→ Old East Slavic: а́скъ (áskŭ), ꙗ́скъ (jáskŭ)

Old Ruthenian: ꙗ́щъ (jášč)

desctree

⇒ Old Ruthenian: ꙗ́щикъ (jáščik)
Belarusian: я́шчык (jáščyk) (dialectal)
Ukrainian: я́щик (jáščyk)

⇒ Middle Russian: ꙗ́щїк (jáščik)

Russian: я́щик (jáščik)

From Proto-Germanic *askaz, whence also Old English æsc, Old High German ask.
For the semantic shift from "tree" to "container" compare Latin buxus, buxis (whence English box, boxwood).

Ask veit ek standa / heitir Yggdrasill / hár baðmr, ausinn / hvíta auri; […]

Vǫluspá, verse 19, lines 1-4, in 1867, S. Bugge, Norrœn fornkvæði: Sæmundar Edda hins fróða. Christiania, page 4

I know an ash stands / named Yggdrasill / a high tree, washed / with white mud; […]


leðr

Danish: læder n

Faroese: leður n

Icelandic: leður n

Norwegian Bokmål: lær n

Norwegian Nynorsk: lêr n

Swedish: läder n

Etymology tree
Proto-Celtic *letrosbor.
Proto-Germanic *leþrą
Old Norse leðr
From Proto-Germanic *leþrą, whence also Old English leþer, Old High German ledar, from Proto-Indo-European *létrom.


bátr

báts (genitive)
bátar (plural)
bátr (indefinite nominative singular)
bátrinn (definite nominative singular)
bátar (indefinite nominative plural)
bátarnir (definite nominative plural)
bát (accusative indefinite singular)
bátinn (accusative definite singular)
báta (accusative indefinite plural)
bátana (accusative definite plural)
báti (dative indefinite singular)
bátinum (dative definite singular)
bátum (dative indefinite plural)
bátunum (dative definite plural)
báts (genitive indefinite singular)
bátsins (definite genitive singular)
báta (genitive indefinite plural)
bátanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

bátr

Icelandic: bátur

Faroese: bátur

Norn: båt

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: båt; (dialectal) båt’e

Swedish: båt

Elfdalian: båt

Old Danish: baat

Danish: båd

Norwegian Bokmål: båt

Gutnish: bat

From Old English bāt (“boat”). Displaced native Old Norse beit (“boat”).


bekkr

non-noun

bekkr m (genitive bekkjar or bekks, plural bekkir)

bekkjar (genitive)
bekks (genitive)
bekkir (plural)
bekkr (indefinite nominative singular)
bekkrinn (definite nominative singular)
bekkir (indefinite nominative plural)
bekkirnir (definite nominative plural)
bekk (accusative indefinite singular)
bekkinn (accusative definite singular)
bekki (accusative indefinite plural)
bekkina (accusative definite plural)
bekk (dative indefinite singular)
bekkinum (dative definite singular)
bekkjum (dative indefinite plural)
bekkjunum (dative definite plural)
bekkjar (genitive indefinite singular)
bekks (genitive indefinite singular)
bekkjarins (definite genitive singular)
bekksins (definite genitive singular)
bekkja (genitive indefinite plural)
bekkjanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

bekkr

Icelandic: bekkur

Faroese: bekkur

Norwegian Nynorsk: bekk

From Proto-Germanic *bankiz, whence also Old English benc (English bench), Old High German bank (German Bank).


bekkr

bekkr

Icelandic: bekkur

Norwegian Nynorsk: bekk

Norwegian Bokmål: bekk

Old Danish: bæk

Danish: bæk

Old Swedish: bækker

Swedish: bäck

→ Old English: bæc, becc (mostly in placenames)

Middle English: bec, becc

Scots: bek, bekk

English: beck

→ Old Norman: bec (mostly in placenames)

From Proto-Germanic *bakiz, whence also German Bach.


blástr

non-noun

blástr m (genitive blástar, dative blæsti)

blástar (genitive)
blæsti (dative)
blástr (indefinite nominative singular)
blástrinn (definite nominative singular)
blæstir (indefinite nominative plural)
blæstirnir (definite nominative plural)
blást (accusative indefinite singular)
blástinn (accusative definite singular)
blástu (accusative indefinite plural)
blástuna (accusative definite plural)
blæsti (dative indefinite singular)
blæstinum (dative definite singular)
blástum (dative indefinite plural)
blástunum (dative definite plural)
blástar (genitive indefinite singular)
blástarins (definite genitive singular)
blásta (genitive indefinite plural)
blástanna (definite genitive plural)
blástr (indefinite nominative singular)
blástrinn (definite nominative singular)
blæstrir (indefinite nominative plural)
blæstrirnir (definite nominative plural)
blástr (accusative indefinite singular)
blástrinn (accusative definite singular)
blástru (accusative indefinite plural)
blástruna (accusative definite plural)
blæstri (dative indefinite singular)
blæstrinum (dative definite singular)
blástrum (dative indefinite plural)
blástrunum (dative definite plural)
blástrar (genitive indefinite singular)
blástrarins (definite genitive singular)
blástra (genitive indefinite plural)
blástranna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

blástr

non-decl-m-u

strong u-stem; stem reanalyzed as blástr

non-decl-blank-full

blástr

Icelandic: blástur

Faroese: blástur

Norwegian Nynorsk: blåster, blåst

→ Norwegian Bokmål: blåst

Old Swedish: blāster, blǣster

Swedish: blåst (in southern dialects bläst, bläjst, blest)

Old Danish: blæst

Danish: blæst

Norwegian Bokmål: blest

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: blest

Norn: blåster


koss

Icelandic: koss

Faroese: kossur

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: kyss; (dialectal) kjøss, kjuss

Old Swedish: kus, kos

Swedish: kyss

Old Danish:

Danish: kys

From Proto-Germanic *kussaz, whence also Old English coss, Old Saxon kus, kos, Old High German kus.


akkeri

non-decl-blank-full

akkeri

akkeri (indefinite nominative singular)
akkerinn (definite nominative singular)
akkerar (indefinite nominative plural)
akkerarnir (definite nominative plural)
akkera (accusative indefinite singular)
akkerann (accusative definite singular)
akkera (accusative indefinite plural)
akkerana (accusative definite plural)
akkera (dative indefinite singular)
akkeranum (dative definite singular)
akkerum (dative indefinite plural)
akkerunum (dative definite plural)
akkera (genitive indefinite singular)
akkerans (definite genitive singular)
akkera (genitive indefinite plural)
akkeranna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: akkeri

Norwegian: anker, ankar

Old Swedish: ankæri

Swedish: ankare, ankar

→ Finnish: ankkuri

→ Ingrian: ankkuri

→ Estonian: ankur

→ Old East Slavic: ѧкорь (jękorĭ)

desctree

Russian: якорь (jakorʹ)
→ Kildin Sami: ёакар (jåkar)
→ Uyghur: ياكور (yakor)
→ Yakut: дьаакыр (jaakır)

Ukrainian: я́кір (jákir)

Danish: anker

From Proto-Germanic *ankurô, from Latin ancora.


bjórr

bjórs (genitive)
bjórar (plural)
bjórr (indefinite nominative singular)
bjórrinn (definite nominative singular)
bjórar (indefinite nominative plural)
bjórarnir (definite nominative plural)
bjór (accusative indefinite singular)
bjórinn (accusative definite singular)
bjóra (accusative indefinite plural)
bjórana (accusative definite plural)
bjóri (dative indefinite singular)
bjórinum (dative definite singular)
bjórum (dative indefinite plural)
bjórunum (dative definite plural)
bjórs (genitive indefinite singular)
bjórsins (definite genitive singular)
bjóra (genitive indefinite plural)
bjóranna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

bjórr

Icelandic: bjór

Norwegian Nynorsk: bjor

Elfdalian: biuor

Old Swedish: biūr

Swedish: bjur (obsolete)

Old Danish: biūr, bifær

Danish: byr (obsolete)

From Proto-Germanic *bebruz, whence also Old English befer, Old High German bibar.


bjórr

bjórr

Icelandic: bjór

Faroese: bjór

Norwegian Nynorsk: bjor

→ Middle Irish: beóir
Irish: beoir

Old Danish: ber

From Proto-Germanic *beuzą (“beer”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰews- (“dross, sediment”). More at beer.


baun

baunar (genitive)
baunir (plural)
baun (indefinite nominative singular)
baunin (definite nominative singular)
baunir (indefinite nominative plural)
baunirnar (definite nominative plural)
baun (accusative indefinite singular)
baunina (accusative definite singular)
baunir (accusative indefinite plural)
baunirnar (accusative definite plural)
baun (dative indefinite singular)
bauninni (dative definite singular)
baunum (dative indefinite plural)
baununum (dative definite plural)
baunar (genitive indefinite singular)
baunarinnar (definite genitive singular)
bauna (genitive indefinite plural)
baunanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

baun

Icelandic: baun

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: bauna; (dialectal) bogna (aun > ogn)

Old Swedish: bø̄n, bø̄na

q

Swedish: böna (added -a under Middle Low German influence)

desctree

Danish: bønne (added -e under Middle Low German influence)
Norwegian Bokmål: bønne
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: bønne
→ Faroese: bøn, bøna

q

from the plural <i class="Latn mention" lang="non">baunir</i>

→ Middle Irish: pónair (from the plural baunir)

Irish: pónaire

Manx: poanrey

Scottish Gaelic: pònair

From Proto-Germanic *baunō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰabʰ- (“bean”). Compare Old English bean (English bean), Old Frisian bāne (West Frisian bean), Old Saxon bōna (Low German Bohn), Dutch boon, Old High German bōna (German Bohne).


þorskr

non-decl-blank-full

þorskr

þorskr (indefinite nominative singular)
þorskrinn (definite nominative singular)
þorskar (indefinite nominative plural)
þorskarnir (definite nominative plural)
þorsk (accusative indefinite singular)
þorskinn (accusative definite singular)
þorska (accusative indefinite plural)
þorskana (accusative definite plural)
þorski (dative indefinite singular)
þorskinum (dative definite singular)
þorskum (dative indefinite plural)
þorskunum (dative definite plural)
þorsks (genitive indefinite singular)
þorsksins (definite genitive singular)
þorska (genitive indefinite plural)
þorskanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: þorskur

Faroese: toskur

Norwegian Nynorsk: torsk, tosk

Old Swedish: þorsker

Swedish: torsk

→ English: torsk

Old Danish: thorsk

Danish: torsk, tosk

Norwegian Bokmål: torsk, tosk

→ Middle Dutch: dorsch

Dutch: dors

→ Middle Low German: dorsch

German Low German: Dorsk

→ Middle High German: dorsch

German: Dorsch

→ Polish: dorsz

→ Middle Irish: trosc

Scottish Gaelic: trosg

Irish: trosc

→ Welsh: torsg

From Proto-Germanic *þurskaz. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”).


íkorni

non-noun

íkorni m (genitive íkorna, plural íkornar)

íkorna (genitive)
íkornar (plural)
íkorni (indefinite nominative singular)
íkorninn (definite nominative singular)
íkornar (indefinite nominative plural)
íkornarnir (definite nominative plural)
íkorna (accusative indefinite singular)
íkornann (accusative definite singular)
íkorna (accusative indefinite plural)
íkornana (accusative definite plural)
íkorna (dative indefinite singular)
íkornanum (dative definite singular)
íkornium (dative indefinite plural)
íkorniunum (dative definite plural)
íkorna (genitive indefinite singular)
íkornans (definite genitive singular)
íkorna (genitive indefinite plural)
íkornanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

íkorni

Icelandic: íkorni

Faroese: íkorni

Norwegian: ikorn, ekorn; (dialectal) ikorre

→ Danish: ekorn, ikorn

Norwegian Bokmål: ekorn, ikorn

Jamtish: íkuðn

Elfdalian: aikuonn

Old Swedish: ēkorne, īkorne

Swedish: ekorre, (dialectal) ikorn

Old Danish: īkærnæ

Danish: egern

Norwegian Bokmål: egern

Gutnish: eikånn

Scanian: igarne

9th century West Norse, 12th century Icelandic

From Proto-Germanic *aikwernô, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wer-. Compare Old English ācweorna, Old Saxon ēkhorn, Old High German eihhorno.


arðr

arðrs (genitive)
arðrar (plural)
arðr (indefinite nominative singular)
arðrinn (definite nominative singular)
arðrar (indefinite nominative plural)
arðrarnir (definite nominative plural)
arðr (accusative indefinite singular)
arðrinn (accusative definite singular)
arðra (accusative indefinite plural)
arðrana (accusative definite plural)
arðri (dative indefinite singular)
arðrinum (dative definite singular)
ǫrðrum (dative indefinite plural)
ǫrðrunum (dative definite plural)
arðrs (genitive indefinite singular)
arðrsins (definite genitive singular)
arðra (genitive indefinite plural)
arðranna (definite genitive plural)

arðr

Icelandic: arður

Norwegian Nynorsk: ard

Norwegian Bokmål: ard

→ English: ard

Old Swedish: arþer n

Swedish: årder n

Danish: ard

From Proto-Germanic *arþrą n, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trom, whence also Latin aratrum.


faldr

From Proto-Germanic *falþaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to fold”), see also Old English fealdan, Old High German falton.

border, edging, hem (usually on the lower end of a garment)


hafri

Icelandic: hafri

Norn: havr

Norwegian Bokmål: havre

Norwegian Nynorsk: havre

Old Swedish: hafre

Swedish: havre

Danish: havre

Faroese: havri

→ North Frisian: Haawer (Sylt)

→ Middle English: haver

Scots: haver
→ English: haver

→ Norman: av'thon (Jersey)

From Proto-Germanic *habrô, whence also Old Saxon haƀoro, Old High German habaro.


hafr

hafrs (genitive)
hafr (indefinite nominative singular)
hafrinn (definite nominative singular)
hafrar (indefinite nominative plural)
hafrarnir (definite nominative plural)
hafr (accusative indefinite singular)
hafrinn (accusative definite singular)
hafra (accusative indefinite plural)
hafrana (accusative definite plural)
hafri (dative indefinite singular)
hafrinum (dative definite singular)
hǫfrum (dative indefinite plural)
hǫfrunum (dative definite plural)
hafrs (genitive indefinite singular)
hafrsins (definite genitive singular)
hafra (genitive indefinite plural)
hafranna (definite genitive plural)

hafr

Icelandic: hafur

Faroese: havur

From Proto-Norse ᚺᛡᛒᛟᚱᚢᛗᛦ (hᴀborumʀ /haβᵒrumʀ/) (dative plural), from Proto-Germanic *hafraz, from Proto-Indo-European *kapro-. Cognate with Old English hæfer, Latin caper.


nagl

nagls (genitive)
negl (plural)
nagl (indefinite nominative singular)
naglinn (definite nominative singular)
negl (indefinite nominative plural)
neglinir (definite nominative plural)
nagl (accusative indefinite singular)
naglinn (accusative definite singular)
negl (accusative indefinite plural)
neglina (accusative definite plural)
nagli (dative indefinite singular)
naglinum (dative definite singular)
nǫglum (dative indefinite plural)
nǫglunum (dative definite plural)
nagls (genitive indefinite singular)
naglsins (definite genitive singular)
nagla (genitive indefinite plural)
naglanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

nagl

Icelandic: nögl

Faroese: negl, naglur, nøgl

Norwegian Nynorsk: nagl

Danish: negl

Norwegian Bokmål: negl

Swedish: nagel

From Proto-Germanic *naglaz, whence also Old English næġl, Old High German nagal.


tafl

Icelandic: tafl

Faroese: talv

Norwegian Nynorsk: tavl

From Middle Low German taffel, tāfel, tāvel, from Old Saxon *tavala, tafla, from Proto-West Germanic *tabulā, from Latin tabula (“a tablet; a board or plank”). Cognate with Old English tæfl (“game board; board game”).


brún

brúnar (genitive)
brýnn (plural)
brún (indefinite nominative singular)
brúnin (definite nominative singular)
brýnn (indefinite nominative plural)
brýnnar (definite nominative plural)
brún (accusative indefinite singular)
brúnina (accusative definite singular)
brýnn (accusative indefinite plural)
brýnnar (accusative definite plural)
brún (dative indefinite singular)
brúninni (dative definite singular)
brúnum (dative indefinite plural)
brúnunum (dative definite plural)
brúnar (genitive indefinite singular)
brúnarinnar (definite genitive singular)
brúna (genitive indefinite plural)
brúnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

brún

Icelandic: brún

Faroese: brún

Norwegian Nynorsk: brun

Old Swedish: brun

Norwegian Nynorsk: bryn n

Norwegian Bokmål: bryn n

Swedish: bryn n

Danish: bryn n


gestr

gests (genitive)
gestir (plural)
gestr (indefinite nominative singular)
gestrinn (definite nominative singular)
gestir (indefinite nominative plural)
gestirnir (definite nominative plural)
gest (accusative indefinite singular)
gestinn (accusative definite singular)
gesti (accusative indefinite plural)
gestina (accusative definite plural)
gest (dative indefinite singular)
gestinum (dative definite singular)
gestum (dative indefinite plural)
gestunum (dative definite plural)
gests (genitive indefinite singular)
gestsins (definite genitive singular)
gesta (genitive indefinite plural)
gestanna (definite genitive plural)

gestr

Icelandic: gestur

Faroese: gestur

Norwegian Nynorsk: gjest

Norwegian Bokmål: gjest

Old Swedish: gæster

Swedish: gäst

Old Danish: gæst

Danish: gæst

desctree

→ Middle English: gest, geste, gist, geast, gyst
English: guest
Scots: guest

From Proto-Norse *ᚷᚨᛊᛏᛁᛉ (*gastiʀ) (attested in several name compounds), from Proto-Germanic *gastiz, whence come also Old English ġiest, Old High German gast. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis.


liðr

liðar (genitive)
liðir (plural)
liðr (indefinite nominative singular)
liðrinn (definite nominative singular)
liðir (indefinite nominative plural)
liðirnir (definite nominative plural)
lið (accusative indefinite singular)
liðinn (accusative definite singular)
liðu (accusative indefinite plural)
liðuna (accusative definite plural)
liði (dative indefinite singular)
liðinum (dative definite singular)
liðum (dative indefinite plural)
liðunum (dative definite plural)
liðar (genitive indefinite singular)
liðarins (definite genitive singular)
liða (genitive indefinite plural)
liðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

liðr

Icelandic: liður

Faroese: liður

Norwegian: lid

Old Swedish: liþer

Swedish: led

Danish: led

From Proto-Germanic *liþuz, whence also Old English liþ, Old High German lid.


náð

From Proto-Germanic *nēþō-, from Proto-Indo-European *net- (“to favor, protect”), cognate with Old Saxon ginātha, Old High German gināda.


haukr

non-decl-blank-full

haukr

haukr (indefinite nominative singular)
haukrinn (definite nominative singular)
haukar (indefinite nominative plural)
haukarnir (definite nominative plural)
hauk (accusative indefinite singular)
haukinn (accusative definite singular)
hauka (accusative indefinite plural)
haukana (accusative definite plural)
hauki (dative indefinite singular)
haukinum (dative definite singular)
haukum (dative indefinite plural)
haukunum (dative definite plural)
hauks (genitive indefinite singular)
hauksins (definite genitive singular)
hauka (genitive indefinite plural)
haukanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: haukur

Faroese: heykur

Norwegian Nynorsk: hauk

→ Norwegian Bokmål: hauk

Elfdalian: ok

Old Swedish: hø̄ker

Swedish: hök

Old Danish: høk

Danish: høg

Norwegian Bokmål: høk (obsolete)

From Proto-Germanic *habukaz, whence also Old English hafoc, Old Saxon havuk, Old High German habuch. Probably ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“seize”).


hatr

Danish: had

Faroese: hatur

Icelandic: hatur

Norwegian Bokmål: hat

Norwegian Nynorsk: hat

Swedish: hat

From Proto-Germanic *hataz, whence also Old English hete, Old Saxon heti, Old High German haz, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌹𐍃 (hatis).

Af þessum hlutum hrærisk (arises) heipt ok hatr.

From these things arises hatred and spite.

Megnt hatr.

baka hatr

to cause hatred, confer baka öfund and baka óvild

hafa hatr á

to bear hate to, confer hafa elsku á, hafa leiða á, hafa ógeð á, hafa óbeit á and hafa andstygð á

leggja hatr á

to take hatred to, confer leggja stund á, leggja starf á, leggja hug á, leggja kapp á, leggja ást á and leggja elsku á


húð

húðar (genitive)
húðir (plural)
húð (indefinite nominative singular)
húðin (definite nominative singular)
húðir (indefinite nominative plural)
húðirnar (definite nominative plural)
húð (accusative indefinite singular)
húðina (accusative definite singular)
húðir (accusative indefinite plural)
húðirnar (accusative definite plural)
húð (dative indefinite singular)
húðinni (dative definite singular)
húðum (dative indefinite plural)
húðunum (dative definite plural)
húðar (genitive indefinite singular)
húðarinnar (definite genitive singular)
húða (genitive indefinite plural)
húðanna (definite genitive plural)

húð

Icelandic: húð

Faroese: húð

Norwegian: hud

Old Swedish: hūþ
Swedish: hud

Danish: hud

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *hūdiz, from Proto-Indo-European *kuHtis.


humarr

non-noun

humarr m (genitive humars, plural humarar)

humars (genitive)
humarar (plural)
humarr (indefinite nominative singular)
humarrinn (definite nominative singular)
humrar (indefinite nominative plural)
humrarnir (definite nominative plural)
humar (accusative indefinite singular)
humarinn (accusative definite singular)
humra (accusative indefinite plural)
humrana (accusative definite plural)
humri (dative indefinite singular)
humrinum (dative definite singular)
humrum (dative indefinite plural)
humrunum (dative definite plural)
humars (genitive indefinite singular)
humarsins (definite genitive singular)
humra (genitive indefinite plural)
humranna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

humarr

Icelandic: humar

Faroese: hummari

Norwegian Nynorsk: hummar, humar

Swedish: hummer

Danish: hummer

Norwegian Bokmål: hummer

→ Middle Low German: *hummer

German Low German: Hummer

Dutch Low Saxon: hummer

→ Dutch: hommer

→ German: Hummer

→ French: homard

→ Bulgarian: омар (omar)

→ Hungarian: homár

desctree

→ Russian: ома́р (omár)
→ Armenian: օմար (ōmar)
→ Kazakh: омар (omar)

→ Slovak: homár

From Proto-Germanic *humaraz (“lobster”).


kraptr

non-decl-blank-full

kraptr

kraptr (indefinite nominative singular)
kraptrinn (definite nominative singular)
kraptar (indefinite nominative plural)
kraptarnir (definite nominative plural)
krapt (accusative indefinite singular)
kraptinn (accusative definite singular)
krapta (accusative indefinite plural)
kraptana (accusative definite plural)
krapti (dative indefinite singular)
kraptinum (dative definite singular)
krǫptum (dative indefinite plural)
krǫptunum (dative definite plural)
krapts (genitive indefinite singular)
kraptsins (definite genitive singular)
krapta (genitive indefinite plural)
kraptanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: kraftur

Faroese: kraft, kraftur

Norwegian: kraft

Elfdalian: krapt

Old Swedish: krapter
Swedish: kraft

Danish: kraft


limr

limr

limr (indefinite nominative singular)
limrinn (definite nominative singular)
limir (indefinite nominative plural)
limirnir (definite nominative plural)
lim (accusative indefinite singular)
liminn (accusative definite singular)
limu (accusative indefinite plural)
limuna (accusative definite plural)
limi (dative indefinite singular)
liminum (dative definite singular)
limum (dative indefinite plural)
limunum (dative definite plural)
limar (genitive indefinite singular)
limarins (definite genitive singular)
lima (genitive indefinite plural)
limanna (definite genitive plural)

From Proto-Germanic *limuz, whence also Old English lim.


matr

matr

matr (indefinite nominative singular)
matrinn (definite nominative singular)
matir (indefinite nominative plural)
matirnir (definite nominative plural)
mat (accusative indefinite singular)
matinn (accusative definite singular)
mati (accusative indefinite plural)
matina (accusative definite plural)
mat (dative indefinite singular)
matinum (dative definite singular)
mǫtum (dative indefinite plural)
mǫtunum (dative definite plural)
matar (genitive indefinite singular)
matarins (definite genitive singular)
mata (genitive indefinite plural)
matanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: matur

Faroese: matur

Norn: mader

Norwegian: mat

Old Swedish: mater

Swedish: mat

Danish: mad

Gutnish: mat

From Proto-Germanic *matiz. Cognate with Old English mete (whence meat), Old High German maz.


sunna

sunnu (genitive)
sunna (indefinite nominative singular)
sunnan (definite nominative singular)
sunnur (indefinite nominative plural)
sunnurnar (definite nominative plural)
sunnu (accusative indefinite singular)
sunnuna (accusative definite singular)
sunnur (accusative indefinite plural)
sunnurnar (accusative definite plural)
sunnu (dative indefinite singular)
sunnunni (dative definite singular)
sunnum (dative indefinite plural)
sunnunum (dative definite plural)
sunnu (genitive indefinite singular)
sunnunnar (definite genitive singular)
sunnna (genitive indefinite plural)
sunnnanna (definite genitive plural)

sunna


áss

áss (genitive)
ásar (plural)
áss (indefinite nominative singular)
ássinn (definite nominative singular)
ásar (indefinite nominative plural)
ásarnir (definite nominative plural)
ás (accusative indefinite singular)
ásinn (accusative definite singular)
ása (accusative indefinite plural)
ásana (accusative definite plural)
ási (dative indefinite singular)
ásinum (dative definite singular)
ásum (dative indefinite plural)
ásunum (dative definite plural)
áss (genitive indefinite singular)
ássins (definite genitive singular)
ása (genitive indefinite plural)
ásanna (definite genitive plural)

áss

Icelandic: ás

Faroese: ásur

Norwegian Nynorsk: ås

Norwegian Bokmål: ås

Danish: ås

Swedish: ås, takås


áss

áss

Icelandic: ás

Faroese: ásur

Norwegian Nynorsk: ås

Norwegian Bokmål: ås

Elfdalian: ą̊s

Swedish: ås

Danish: ås

Likely from Proto-Germanic *amsaz (“shoulder”).


áss

ásar (genitive)
æsir (plural)
áss (indefinite nominative singular)
ássinn (definite nominative singular)
æsir (indefinite nominative plural)
æsirnir (definite nominative plural)
ás (accusative indefinite singular)
ásinn (accusative definite singular)
æsi (accusative indefinite plural)
ásu (accusative indefinite plural)
æsina (accusative definite plural)
ásuna (accusative definite plural)
ási (dative indefinite singular)
ás (dative indefinite singular)
ásinum (dative definite singular)
ásnum (dative definite singular)
ásum (dative indefinite plural)
ásunum (dative definite plural)
áss (genitive indefinite singular)
ásar (genitive indefinite singular)
ássins (definite genitive singular)
ásarins (definite genitive singular)
ása (genitive indefinite plural)
ásanna (definite genitive plural)

áss

Icelandic: ás m

→ Swedish: as c

→ Finnish: aasa

→ Danish: as c

Faroese: ásur m

Norwegian Nynorsk: ås m

Norwegian Bokmål: ås m

→ Swedish: ås c (learned)

From Proto-Norse *ᚨᛊᚢᛉ (*asuʀ), from Proto-Germanic *ansuz (“god”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énsus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ens- (“to engender, beget”). Cognate with Old English ōs, Old Saxon ās, Old High German ans-, Latin Ansis pl (loaned from Gothic).

der

(Germanic paganism) one of the gods, Æsir


dúkr

Icelandic: dúkur

Faroese: dúkur

Norwegian Bokmål: duk

Norwegian Nynorsk: duk

Old Swedish: dūker

Swedish: duk, dok

Danish: dug

Probably related to Old Frisian dōk, Old Saxon dōk or Middle Low German dōk; ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dōkaz.


ostr

osts (genitive)
ostar (plural)
ostr (indefinite nominative singular)
ostrinn (definite nominative singular)
ostar (indefinite nominative plural)
ostarnir (definite nominative plural)
ost (accusative indefinite singular)
ostinn (accusative definite singular)
osta (accusative indefinite plural)
ostana (accusative definite plural)
osti (dative indefinite singular)
ostinum (dative definite singular)
ostum (dative indefinite plural)
ostunum (dative definite plural)
osts (genitive indefinite singular)
ostsins (definite genitive singular)
osta (genitive indefinite plural)
ostanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

ostr

Icelandic: ostur

Faroese: ostur

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: ost, (dialectal) ost’e, øst, ust

Swedish: ost

Danish: ost

Norwegian Bokmål: ost

Old Gutnish: ustr

→ North Frisian: Aast (Sylt)

From Proto-Germanic *justaz. Akin to Latin ius, Proto-Slavic *juxa. Compare Finnish juusto.


silfr

Icelandic: silfur

Faroese: silvur

Norwegian: sylv; (dialectal) silv

desctree

Old Swedish: silver, sylver, sølver
Swedish: silver

Old Danish: silf, sylf, sølf

Danish: sølv

Norwegian Bokmål: sølv

→ Greenlandic: sølvi

Elfdalian: silver

Gutnish: sylvar

Scanian: sølver

From Proto-Germanic *silubrą, whence also Old English seolfor, Old Saxon siluvar, Old High German silbar, Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌿𐌱𐍂 (silubr).


dvergr

non-noun

dvergr m (genitive dvergs, plural dvergar)

dvergs (genitive)
dvergar (plural)
dvergr (indefinite nominative singular)
dvergrinn (definite nominative singular)
dvergar (indefinite nominative plural)
dvergarnir (definite nominative plural)
dverg (accusative indefinite singular)
dverginn (accusative definite singular)
dverga (accusative indefinite plural)
dvergana (accusative definite plural)
dvergi (dative indefinite singular)
dverginum (dative definite singular)
dvergum (dative indefinite plural)
dvergunum (dative definite plural)
dvergs (genitive indefinite singular)
dvergsins (definite genitive singular)
dverga (genitive indefinite plural)
dverganna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

dvergr

Icelandic: dvergur

Faroese: dvørgur

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: dverg; (dialectal) verg, tverg

Old Swedish: dværgher

Swedish: dvärg

Danish: dværg

Norwegian Bokmål: dverg

Gutnish: dvärg, värg

From Proto-Germanic *dwergaz (“dwarf”). Cognate with Old English dweorg, Old Frisian dwerch, Old Saxon dwerg, Old High German twerg, twerc.

[…] hverr skyldi dverga / dróttir skepja […]

Vǫluspá, verse 9, lines 5-6, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 2

[…] who shall the dwarves' / lord shape […]

Þuertre es scorþa staflǽgior oc upphalda dvergom, […]

Old Icelandic Homily Book, in 1872, T. Wisén, Homiliu-bók: Isländska homilier efter en handskrift från tolfte århundradet. Gleerup, page 100, lines 37-38

Crosstrees that prop the beams and upholding pillars, […]

[…] dúkr var á hálsi, / dvergar á öxlum; […]

Rígsþula, verse 16, lines 7-8, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 78

[…] studs on her shoulders, / and scarf on her neck; […]


gaukr

gauks (genitive)
gaukar (plural)
gaukr (indefinite nominative singular)
gaukrinn (definite nominative singular)
gaukar (indefinite nominative plural)
gaukarnir (definite nominative plural)
gauk (accusative indefinite singular)
gaukinn (accusative definite singular)
gauka (accusative indefinite plural)
gaukana (accusative definite plural)
gauki (dative indefinite singular)
gaukinum (dative definite singular)
gaukum (dative indefinite plural)
gaukunum (dative definite plural)
gauks (genitive indefinite singular)
gauksins (definite genitive singular)
gauka (genitive indefinite plural)
gaukanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

gaukr

Icelandic: gaukur

Faroese: geykur

Norn: gokk

Norwegian Nynorsk: gauk

→ Norwegian Bokmål: gauk

Old Swedish: gø̄ker

Swedish: gök

Danish: gøg

Norwegian Bokmål: gjøk (< 19th century Danish gjøg)

Scanian: gøg

Jamtish: gouk

desctree

→ Middle English: goke, gowke, gouke, gauk
English: gowk, gawk
Scots: gowk, gouk

From Proto-Germanic *gaukaz, akin to Old English ġēac, Old High German gouh.


staup

staups (genitive)
staup (plural)
staup (indefinite nominative singular)
staupit (definite nominative singular)
staup (indefinite nominative plural)
staupin (definite nominative plural)
staup (accusative indefinite singular)
staupit (accusative definite singular)
staup (accusative indefinite plural)
staupin (accusative definite plural)
staupi (dative indefinite singular)
staupinu (dative definite singular)
staupum (dative indefinite plural)
staupunum (dative definite plural)
staups (genitive indefinite singular)
staupsins (definite genitive singular)
staupa (genitive indefinite plural)
staupanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

staup

Faroese: steyp

Icelandic: staup

Norwegian Nynorsk: staup

Of Germanic origin, related to Proto-Germanic *staupijaną (“to pour, soak”).


hegri

non-decl-blank-full

hegri

hegri (indefinite nominative singular)
hegrinn (definite nominative singular)
hegrar (indefinite nominative plural)
hegrarnir (definite nominative plural)
hegra (accusative indefinite singular)
hegrann (accusative definite singular)
hegra (accusative indefinite plural)
hegrana (accusative definite plural)
hegra (dative indefinite singular)
hegranum (dative definite singular)
hegrum (dative indefinite plural)
hegrunum (dative definite plural)
hegra (genitive indefinite singular)
hegrans (definite genitive singular)
hegra (genitive indefinite plural)
hegranna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: hegri

Faroese: hegri

Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: heire (obsolete); hegre

Norwegian Nynorsk: hegre

Old Swedish: hægher

Swedish: häger c

Danish: hejre c


rugr

rugr

rugr (indefinite nominative singular)
rugrinn (definite nominative singular)
rugir (indefinite nominative plural)
rugirnir (definite nominative plural)
rug (accusative indefinite singular)
ruginn (accusative definite singular)
rugi (accusative indefinite plural)
rugina (accusative definite plural)
rug (dative indefinite singular)
ruginum (dative definite singular)
rugum (dative indefinite plural)
rugunum (dative definite plural)
rugar (genitive indefinite singular)
rugarins (definite genitive singular)
ruga (genitive indefinite plural)
ruganna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: rúgur

Faroese: rugur

Norwegian Nynorsk: rug

Old Swedish: rogher

Swedish: råg; rôg (dialectal)

Old Danish: rugh

Danish: rug

Norwegian Bokmål: rug

Elfdalian: rug

Scanian: ruğ

Gutnish: ryg

From Proto-Germanic *rugiz, whence also Old English ryġe. Old Frisian rogga, Old Saxon roggo, Old Dutch *roggo, and Old High German rocko are from the related West Germanic form *roggō. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wrugʰyo- (compare Russian рожь (rožʹ) and Old Prussian rugis).

Secale cereale
Secale cereale#Translingual


rokkr

rokks (genitive)
rokkar (plural)
rokkr (indefinite nominative singular)
rokkrinn (definite nominative singular)
rokkar (indefinite nominative plural)
rokkarnir (definite nominative plural)
rokk (accusative indefinite singular)
rokkinn (accusative definite singular)
rokka (accusative indefinite plural)
rokkana (accusative definite plural)
rokki (dative indefinite singular)
rokkinum (dative definite singular)
rokkum (dative indefinite plural)
rokkunum (dative definite plural)
rokks (genitive indefinite singular)
rokksins (definite genitive singular)
rokka (genitive indefinite plural)
rokkanna (definite genitive plural)

rokkr

Danish: rok c

Faroese: rokkur m

Icelandic: rokkur m

Norwegian: rokk (Bokmål), rokk (Nynorsk)

Swedish: rock

From Proto-Germanic *rukkô, akin to Old High German rocko.


dropi

Icelandic: dropi

Faroese: dropi

Norwegian: drope

Old Swedish: drupi, dropi

Swedish: droppe

Old Danish: dropæ

Danish: dråbe

⇒ Old Danish: drypæl

Danish: drøbel (“uvula”)

From Proto-Germanic *drupô. Compare Old English dropa, Old High German troffo, tropfo. Related to (and probably ultimately derived from) the verb drjúpa (“to drip; to bow (one’s head)”).


brúðr

non-noun

brúðr f (genitive brúðar, dative brúði, plural brúðir)

brúðar (genitive)
brúði (dative)
brúðir (plural)
brúðr (indefinite nominative singular)
brúðrin (definite nominative singular)
brúðir (indefinite nominative plural)
brúðirnar (definite nominative plural)
brúði (accusative indefinite singular)
brúðina (accusative definite singular)
brúðir (accusative indefinite plural)
brúðirnar (accusative definite plural)
brúði (dative indefinite singular)
brúðinni (dative definite singular)
brúðum (dative indefinite plural)
brúðunum (dative definite plural)
brúðar (genitive indefinite singular)
brúðarinnar (definite genitive singular)
brúða (genitive indefinite plural)
brúðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

brúðr

Icelandic: brúður

Faroese: brúður

Norwegian Nynorsk: brud, brur

Norwegian Bokmål: brud

Jamtish: brúðr

Old Swedish: brūþ, ᛒᚱᚢᚦ
Swedish: brud

Danish: brud

Old Gutnish: bruþ (accusative singular)

Gutnish: braud, bräud

From Proto-Germanic *brūdiz, whence also Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌸𐍃 (brūþs), Old Saxon brūd, Old English brȳd (English bride), Old High German brūt (German Braut).


belti

beltis (genitive)
belti (indefinite nominative singular)
beltit (definite nominative singular)
belti (indefinite nominative plural)
beltin (definite nominative plural)
belti (accusative indefinite singular)
beltit (accusative definite singular)
belti (accusative indefinite plural)
beltin (accusative definite plural)
belti (dative indefinite singular)
beltinu (dative definite singular)
beltum (dative indefinite plural)
beltunum (dative definite plural)
beltis (genitive indefinite singular)
beltisins (definite genitive singular)
belta (genitive indefinite plural)
beltanna (definite genitive plural)

belti

Icelandic: belti

Faroese: belti

Danish: bælte

Norwegian: belte

Old Swedish: bælte

Swedish: bälte

From Proto-Germanic *baltiją, *baltijaz, from Latin balteus.


vaz

Norwegian Nynorsk: vass-

Norwegian Bokmål: vass-


sinni

sinna (genitive)
sinnar (plural)
sinni (indefinite nominative singular)
sinninn (definite nominative singular)
sinnar (indefinite nominative plural)
sinnarnir (definite nominative plural)
sinna (accusative indefinite singular)
sinnann (accusative definite singular)
sinna (accusative indefinite plural)
sinnana (accusative definite plural)
sinna (dative indefinite singular)
sinnanum (dative definite singular)
sinnum (dative indefinite plural)
sinnunum (dative definite plural)
sinna (genitive indefinite singular)
sinnans (definite genitive singular)
sinna (genitive indefinite plural)
sinnanna (definite genitive plural)

sinni

From earlier of sinni, from Proto-Germanic *gasinþô (“companion”). Cognate with Old English ġesīþ, Old Saxon gisīth, Old High German gisind, gisindo, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌰 (gasinþa), 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰 (gasinþja).


sinni

sinni

sinni (indefinite nominative singular)
sinnit (definite nominative singular)
sinni (indefinite nominative plural)
sinnin (definite nominative plural)
sinni (accusative indefinite singular)
sinnit (accusative definite singular)
sinni (accusative indefinite plural)
sinnin (accusative definite plural)
sinni (dative indefinite singular)
sinninu (dative definite singular)
sinnum (dative indefinite plural)
sinnunum (dative definite plural)
sinnis (genitive indefinite singular)
sinnisins (definite genitive singular)
sinna (genitive indefinite plural)
sinnanna (definite genitive plural)

Probably from the dative of sinn (“time, occurrence”).


hugr

hugr

hugr (indefinite nominative singular)
hugrinn (definite nominative singular)
hugir (indefinite nominative plural)
hugirnir (definite nominative plural)
hug (accusative indefinite singular)
huginn (accusative definite singular)
hugi (accusative indefinite plural)
hugina (accusative definite plural)
hug (dative indefinite singular)
huginum (dative definite singular)
hugum (dative indefinite plural)
hugunum (dative definite plural)
hugar (genitive indefinite singular)
hugarins (definite genitive singular)
huga (genitive indefinite plural)
huganna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: hugur

Faroese: hugur

Norwegian Nynorsk: hug

Old Swedish: hugher, hogher

Swedish: hug c, håg c

Old Danish: hugh

Danish: hu c, (dialectal) hov c

From Proto-Germanic *hugiz, whence also Gothic 𐌷𐌿𐌲𐍃 (hugs), Old English hyġe, Old High German hugu, Dutch heug.

Hugr einn þat veit, · er býr hjarta nær,
einn er hann sér of sefa;
ǫng er sótt verri · hveim snotrum manni

Hávamál 95 (tr. W. H. Auden and P. B. Taylor)

The mind alone knows what is near the heart,
Each is his own judge:
The worst sickness for a wise man
Is to crave what he cannot enjoy.


salts

indefinite genitive singular of salt (“salt”)


naut

nauts (genitive)
naut (plural)
naut (indefinite nominative singular)
nautit (definite nominative singular)
naut (indefinite nominative plural)
nautin (definite nominative plural)
naut (accusative indefinite singular)
nautit (accusative definite singular)
naut (accusative indefinite plural)
nautin (accusative definite plural)
nauti (dative indefinite singular)
nautinu (dative definite singular)
nautum (dative indefinite plural)
nautunum (dative definite plural)
nauts (genitive indefinite singular)
nautsins (definite genitive singular)
nauta (genitive indefinite plural)
nautanna (definite genitive plural)

naut

Icelandic: naut

Faroese: neyt

Norwegian Nynorsk: naut

Norwegian Bokmål: naut

Swedish: nöt

Danish: nød

desc

→ Middle English: nout, nowt, nowwt, nawt, naut

English: (Northern England) nout, nowt

Scots: nout, nowt, nolt

From Proto-Germanic *nautą, related to Old English nēat (whence English neat), Old High German nōz (whence dialectal German Noss).


hrafn

non-decl-blank-full

hrafn

hrafn (indefinite nominative singular)
hrafninn (definite nominative singular)
hrafnar (indefinite nominative plural)
hrafnarnir (definite nominative plural)
hrafn (accusative indefinite singular)
hrafninn (accusative definite singular)
hrafna (accusative indefinite plural)
hrafnana (accusative definite plural)
hrafni (dative indefinite singular)
hrafninum (dative definite singular)
hrǫfnum (dative indefinite plural)
hrǫfnunum (dative definite plural)
hrafns (genitive indefinite singular)
hrafnsins (definite genitive singular)
hrafna (genitive indefinite plural)
hrafnanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: hrafn

Faroese: ravnur

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: ramn, (dialectal) rabn, rabm, ravn

Old Swedish: ramn, rampn, rafn

Swedish: ramn, ramm (dialectal)

Old Danish: rafn

Danish: ravn

Norwegian Bokmål: ravn

From Proto-Norse ᚺᚨᚱᚨᛒᚨᚾᚨᛉ (harabanaʀ), from Proto-Germanic *hrabnaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-. Cognate with Old English hræfn (English raven), Old Frisian ravan (West Frisian raven), Old Saxon hravan, ravan (Low German Raav), Old Dutch ravo (Dutch raaf), Old High German raban (German Rabe). Compare also Latin corvus and Ancient Greek κόραξ (kórax).


klokka

non-noun

klokka f (genitive klokku, plural klokkur)

Icelandic: klukka f

Faroese: klokka f

Norwegian Nynorsk: klokke f

Russenorsk: Klokka, klok

Scanian: klákka f

Swedish: klocka c

Danish: klokke c

Norwegian Bokmål: klokke m or f

From Late Latin clocca, probably of Celtic origin, from Proto-Celtic *klokkos (“bell”) (compare Welsh cloch, Irish clog), from Proto-Indo-European *klek- (onomatopoeia).
Akin to Old High German klocca.


sonr

sonar (genitive)
synir (plural)
sonr (indefinite nominative singular)
sonrinn (definite nominative singular)
synir (indefinite nominative plural)
synirnir (definite nominative plural)
son (accusative indefinite singular)
soninn (accusative definite singular)
sonu (accusative indefinite plural)
syni (accusative indefinite plural)
sonuna (accusative definite plural)
syni (dative indefinite singular)
syninum (dative definite singular)
sonum (dative indefinite plural)
sonunum (dative definite plural)
sonar (genitive indefinite singular)
sonarins (definite genitive singular)
sona (genitive indefinite plural)
sonanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

sonr

Icelandic: sonur, -son

Faroese: sonur, -son

Norn: son

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: son, -son; (dialectal) sun’e, sun

Elfdalian: sun

Old Swedish: sun, son

Swedish: son, -son

Danish: søn, -sen

Norwegian Bokmål: sønn

German: -sen

Gutnish: sun

→ Middle English: *-son

English: -son

From Proto-Germanic *sunuz (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús (“son”). Cognate with Old English sunu, Old Frisian sunu, Old Saxon sunu, Old High German sunu, Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐍃 (sunus).


sandr

sands (genitive)
sandar (plural)
sandr (indefinite nominative singular)
sandrinn (definite nominative singular)
sandar (indefinite nominative plural)
sandarnir (definite nominative plural)
sand (accusative indefinite singular)
sandinn (accusative definite singular)
sanda (accusative indefinite plural)
sandana (accusative definite plural)
sandi (dative indefinite singular)
sandinum (dative definite singular)
sǫndum (dative indefinite plural)
sǫndunum (dative definite plural)
sands (genitive indefinite singular)
sandsins (definite genitive singular)
sanda (genitive indefinite plural)
sandanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

sandr

desctree

Icelandic: sandur
→ English: sandur
→ German: Sander

Faroese: sandur

Norn: sand

Norwegian Bokmål: sand

Norwegian Nynorsk: sand

Old Swedish: sander

Swedish: sand

Old Danish: sand

Danish: sand

Elfdalian: sand

Gutnish: sand

From Proto-Germanic *samdaz (“sand”). Cognate with Old English sand, Old Frisian sand, Old Saxon sand, Old Dutch sant, Old High German sant.
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sámh₂dʰos (“sand”).

[…] vara sandr né sær / né svalar unnir, […]

Vǫluspá, verse 3, lines 3-4, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 1

[…] was there no sand nor sea / nor gelid waves, […]

[…] var þá ecki segir hann, nema sandar oc öræfl, […]

Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar, in 1777, G. Schøning, S. Þ. Thorlacius, Heimskringla, edr Noregs Konunga Sögor, Volume I. Copenhagen, page 229

[…] there was, he says, nothing save sands and wilderness, […]

(in the plural) sandbanks, sands, sandy ground


snær

non-decl-m-wa

Alternatively, the different forms could be spelled with an -f- instead of an -v-, leading to forms such as snæfi instead of snævi and snæfar instead of snævar.

non-decl-blank-full

snær

snær (indefinite nominative singular)
snærinn (definite nominative singular)
snævar (indefinite nominative plural)
snævarnir (definite nominative plural)
snæ (accusative indefinite singular)
snæinn (accusative definite singular)
snæva (accusative indefinite plural)
snævana (accusative definite plural)
snævi (dative indefinite singular)
snævinum (dative definite singular)
snævum (dative indefinite plural)
snævunum (dative definite plural)
snæs (genitive indefinite singular)
snæsins (definite genitive singular)
snæva (genitive indefinite plural)
snævanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: snær, snjór, snjár

Faroese: snjógvur

Norn: snju, snaa

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: snø, snjo; (dialectal) snjór'e, sny

Norwegian Bokmål: snø

Old Swedish: sniōr

Swedish: snö

Old Danish: sniō, snø̄, snē

Danish: sne

Norwegian Bokmål: sne

Elfdalian: sniųo

Jamtish: snǿ

Gutnish: snåi

Scanian: sný

From Proto-Germanic *snaiwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *snóygʷʰos; cognates include the Old English snāw and the Old High German snēo.


snigill

non-noun

snigill m (genitive snigils, plural sniglar)

snigils (genitive)
sniglar (plural)
snigill (indefinite nominative singular)
snigillinn (definite nominative singular)
sniglar (indefinite nominative plural)
sniglarnir (definite nominative plural)
snigil (accusative indefinite singular)
snigilinn (accusative definite singular)
snigla (accusative indefinite plural)
sniglana (accusative definite plural)
snigli (dative indefinite singular)
sniglinum (dative definite singular)
sniglum (dative indefinite plural)
sniglunum (dative definite plural)
snigils (genitive indefinite singular)
snigilsins (definite genitive singular)
snigla (genitive indefinite plural)
sniglanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

snigill

Icelandic: snigill

Faroese: snigil

Norwegian Nynorsk: snigel

Norwegian Bokmål: snile

Old Swedish: snighil

Swedish: snigel

Old Danish: snigel, snæghæl

Danish: snegl

Norwegian Bokmål: snegl, snegle


sokkr

Icelandic: sokkur

Faroese: sokkur

Norwegian Bokmål: sokk

Norwegian Nynorsk: sokk

Danish: sok

Swedish: socka

From Proto-Germanic *sukkaz (whence also Old English socc, Old High German soc), from Latin soccus.


stilli

indefinite accusative/dative singular of stillir


hjǫrtr

non-noun

hjǫrtr m (genitive hjartar, dative hirti, plural hirtir)

hjartar (genitive)
hirti (dative)
hirtir (plural)
hjǫrtr (indefinite nominative singular)
hjǫrtrinn (definite nominative singular)
hirtir (indefinite nominative plural)
hirtirnir (definite nominative plural)
hjǫrt (accusative indefinite singular)
hjǫrtinn (accusative definite singular)
hjǫrtu (accusative indefinite plural)
hjǫrtuna (accusative definite plural)
hirti (dative indefinite singular)
hirtinum (dative definite singular)
hjǫrtum (dative indefinite plural)
hjǫrtunum (dative definite plural)
hjartar (genitive indefinite singular)
hjartarins (definite genitive singular)
hjarta (genitive indefinite plural)
hjartanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

hjǫrtr

Icelandic: hjörtur

Faroese: hjørtur

Norwegian: hjort

Old Swedish: hiorter
Swedish: hjort

Danish: hjort

Gutnish: hjort

From Proto-Germanic *herutaz, whence also Old English heorot, Old High German hiruz.


hirðir

non-noun

hirðir m (genitive hirðis, plural hirðar)

hirðis (genitive)
hirðar (plural)
hirðir (indefinite nominative singular)
hirðirinn (definite nominative singular)
hirðar (indefinite nominative plural)
hirðarnir (definite nominative plural)
hirði (accusative indefinite singular)
hirðinn (accusative definite singular)
hirða (accusative indefinite plural)
hirðana (accusative definite plural)
hirði (dative indefinite singular)
hirðinum (dative definite singular)
hirðum (dative indefinite plural)
hirðunum (dative definite plural)
hirðis (genitive indefinite singular)
hirðisins (definite genitive singular)
hirða (genitive indefinite plural)
hirðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

hirðir

Icelandic: hirðir

Faroese: hirði

Old Swedish: hirþi

Swedish: herde

desc

Old Danish: hierde, hirde, hiørde, hjurde

Danish: hyrde

Norwegian Bokmål: hyrde m

Norwegian Nynorsk: hyrdar m

From Proto-Germanic *hirdijaz. Agent noun to hirða.


hveiti

non-decl-blank-full

hveiti

hveiti (indefinite nominative singular)
hveitit (definite nominative singular)
hveiti (indefinite nominative plural)
hveitin (definite nominative plural)
hveiti (accusative indefinite singular)
hveitit (accusative definite singular)
hveiti (accusative indefinite plural)
hveitin (accusative definite plural)
hveiti (dative indefinite singular)
hveitinu (dative definite singular)
hveitum (dative indefinite plural)
hveitunum (dative definite plural)
hveitis (genitive indefinite singular)
hveitisins (definite genitive singular)
hveita (genitive indefinite plural)
hveitanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: hveiti

Faroese: hveiti

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: kveite; (dialectal) kveiti, gveite, veite

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kveite (obsolete)

Old Swedish: hvēte

Swedish: vete, vät

Old Danish: hwetæ

Danish: hvede

Norwegian Bokmål: hvete

From Proto-Germanic *hwaitijaz, from *hwītaz (“white”).
Compare Old English hwǣte (English wheat), Old Saxon hwēti (German Low German Weite, Weit), Dutch weit, Old High German hwaizi, weizi (German Weizen), Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 (ƕaiteis).


vinr

vinar (genitive)
vinir (plural)
vinr (indefinite nominative singular)
vinrinn (definite nominative singular)
vinir (indefinite nominative plural)
vinirnir (definite nominative plural)
vin (accusative indefinite singular)
vininn (accusative definite singular)
vini (accusative indefinite plural)
vinina (accusative definite plural)
vin (dative indefinite singular)
vininum (dative definite singular)
vinum (dative indefinite plural)
vinunum (dative definite plural)
vinar (genitive indefinite singular)
vinarins (definite genitive singular)
vina (genitive indefinite plural)
vinanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

vinr

Icelandic: vinur

Faroese: vinur

Norwegian Nynorsk: ven, vin

Russenorsk: væn, ven, venn

Old Swedish: vin

Swedish: vän

Old Danish: win

Danish: ven

Norwegian Bokmål: venn

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: venn

From Proto-Norse ᚹᛁᚾᛁᛉ (winiʀ), from Proto-Germanic *winiz (“friend; loved one”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁is, from the root *wenh₁- (“to seek, desire, love, win”). Compare Old English wine, Old Frisian wine, Old Saxon wini, Old High German wini.


viðr

viðar (genitive)
viðir (plural)
viðr (indefinite nominative singular)
viðrinn (definite nominative singular)
viðir (indefinite nominative plural)
viðirnir (definite nominative plural)
við (accusative indefinite singular)
viðinn (accusative definite singular)
viðu (accusative indefinite plural)
viðuna (accusative definite plural)
viði (dative indefinite singular)
viðinum (dative definite singular)
viðum (dative indefinite plural)
viðunum (dative definite plural)
viðar (genitive indefinite singular)
viðarins (definite genitive singular)
viða (genitive indefinite plural)
viðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

viðr

Icelandic: viður

Faroese: viður

Norwegian Nynorsk: ved, vid

Elfdalian: wið

Old Swedish: viþer, vedher

Swedish: ved

Old Danish: with

Danish: ved

Norwegian Bokmål: ved

From Proto-Norse *ᚹᛁᛞᚢᛉ (*widuʀ), from Proto-Germanic *widuz (“wood”). Cognate with Old English widu, wudu, Old Saxon widu, Old High German witu.


niðr

niðr

niðr (indefinite nominative singular)
niðrinn (definite nominative singular)
niðjar (indefinite nominative plural)
niðjarnir (definite nominative plural)
nið (accusative indefinite singular)
niðinn (accusative definite singular)
niðja (accusative indefinite plural)
niðjana (accusative definite plural)
nið (dative indefinite singular)
niðinum (dative definite singular)
niðjum (dative indefinite plural)
niðjunum (dative definite plural)
niðs (genitive indefinite singular)
niðsins (definite genitive singular)
niðja (genitive indefinite plural)
niðjanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: niður

Old Swedish: niþiar m pl

Old Gutnish: niþi

From Proto-Germanic *niþjaz, cognate with Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌸𐌾𐌹𐍃 (niþjis).

Ok Vísburs / vilja byrði
sævar niðr / svelga knátti
And the kinsman of the sea [FIRE] / was able to swallow
the ship of will [BREAST] / of Vísburr

9th c., Þjóðólfr of Hvinir, Ynglingatal, verse 4

iðja várra niðja

ancestors; deceased men belonging to the same clan


sær

sævar (genitive)
sær (indefinite nominative singular)
særinn (definite nominative singular)
sævar (indefinite nominative plural)
sævarnir (definite nominative plural)
sæ (accusative indefinite singular)
sæinn (accusative definite singular)
sæva (accusative indefinite plural)
sævana (accusative definite plural)
sævi (dative indefinite singular)
sæ (dative indefinite singular)
sævinum (dative definite singular)
sænum (dative definite singular)
sævum (dative indefinite plural)
sæum (dative indefinite plural)
sæunum (dative definite plural)
sævar (genitive indefinite singular)
sævarins (definite genitive singular)
sæva (genitive indefinite plural)
sævanna (definite genitive plural)

sær

Icelandic: sær

Faroese: sjógvur

Norn: sheug, sju

Norwegian Nynorsk: sjø

Norwegian Bokmål: sjø

Old Swedish: siōr, siø̄

Swedish: sjö

Old Danish: sio, siø, sø

Danish: sø

From Proto-Germanic *saiwiz (“sea, ocean”). Cognate with Old English sǣ, Old Frisian sē, Old Saxon sēo, Old High German sēo, Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐍃 (saiws).

Vǫluspá, verse 3, lines 3-4, in 1860, T. Möbius, Edda Sæmundar hins fróða: mit einem Anhang zum Theil bisher ungedruckter Gedichte. Leipzig, page 1:
[…] vara sandr né sær / né svalar unnir, […]
[…] there was no sand nor sea / nor gelid waves, […]


fótr

fótar (genitive)
fǿtr (plural)
fótr (indefinite nominative singular)
fótrinn (definite nominative singular)
fǿtr (indefinite nominative plural)
fǿtrnir (definite nominative plural)
fót (accusative indefinite singular)
fótinn (accusative definite singular)
fǿtr (accusative indefinite plural)
fǿtrna (accusative definite plural)
fǿti (dative indefinite singular)
fótinum (dative definite singular)
fótum (dative indefinite plural)
fótunum (dative definite plural)
fótar (genitive indefinite singular)
fótarins (definite genitive singular)
fóta (genitive indefinite plural)
fótanna (definite genitive plural)

fótr

Icelandic: fótur

Faroese: fótur

Norn: fod

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: fot; (dialectal) fót’e

Jamtish: fót

Elfdalian: fuot

Old Swedish: fōter, ᚠᚮᛏᚽᚱ
Swedish: fot

Old Danish: fot

Danish: fod

Norwegian Bokmål: fot

Gutnish: fot

From Proto-Germanic *fōts, whence also Old Saxon fōt, Old English fōt, Old High German fuoz, Gothic 𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐍃 (fōtus). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds.

eiga fótum fjör at launa

to owe one's life to the feet, to run for one's life

leggja land undir fót

to take a long stride; a phrase denoting the delight of getting on shore

Dofinn er mér fótr minn.

My leg is dead. (literally, “Deaf is for me my leg.”)


bringa

bringu (genitive)
bringa (indefinite nominative singular)
bringan (definite nominative singular)
bringur (indefinite nominative plural)
bringurnar (definite nominative plural)
bringu (accusative indefinite singular)
bringuna (accusative definite singular)
bringur (accusative indefinite plural)
bringurnar (accusative definite plural)
bringu (dative indefinite singular)
bringunni (dative definite singular)
bringum (dative indefinite plural)
bringunum (dative definite plural)
bringu (genitive indefinite singular)
bringunnar (definite genitive singular)
bringna (genitive indefinite plural)
bringnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

bringa

Icelandic: bringa

Faroese: bringa

Norwegian Nynorsk: bringe

Danish: bringe

Swedish: bringa

From Proto-Germanic *bringô, which is related to *brinkaz (“edge, hill”).


eir

eir

eir (indefinite nominative singular)
eirit (definite nominative singular)
eir (indefinite nominative plural)
eirin (definite nominative plural)
eir (accusative indefinite singular)
eirit (accusative definite singular)
eir (accusative indefinite plural)
eirin (accusative definite plural)
eiri (dative indefinite singular)
eirinu (dative definite singular)
eirum (dative indefinite plural)
eirunum (dative definite plural)
eirs (genitive indefinite singular)
eirsins (definite genitive singular)
eira (genitive indefinite plural)
eiranna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: eir m or n

Norwegian Nynorsk: eir n

→ Norwegian Bokmål: eir n

Swedish: ärg c

Danish: ir c

Norwegian Bokmål: irr n

From Proto-Germanic *aiz n, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos n.


þistill

non-noun

þistill m (genitive þistils, plural þistlar)

þistils (genitive)
þistlar (plural)
þistill (indefinite nominative singular)
þistillinn (definite nominative singular)
þistlar (indefinite nominative plural)
þistlarnir (definite nominative plural)
þistil (accusative indefinite singular)
þistilinn (accusative definite singular)
þistla (accusative indefinite plural)
þistlana (accusative definite plural)
þistli (dative indefinite singular)
þistlinum (dative definite singular)
þistlum (dative indefinite plural)
þistlunum (dative definite plural)
þistils (genitive indefinite singular)
þistilsins (definite genitive singular)
þistla (genitive indefinite plural)
þistlanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

þistill

Faroese: tistil

Icelandic: þistill

Norwegian Bokmål: tistel

Norwegian Nynorsk: tistel

Swedish: tistel


milti

miltis (genitive)
milti (plural)
milti (indefinite nominative singular)
miltit (definite nominative singular)
milti (indefinite nominative plural)
miltin (definite nominative plural)
milti (accusative indefinite singular)
miltit (accusative definite singular)
milti (accusative indefinite plural)
miltin (accusative definite plural)
milti (dative indefinite singular)
miltinu (dative definite singular)
miltum (dative indefinite plural)
miltunum (dative definite plural)
miltis (genitive indefinite singular)
miltisins (definite genitive singular)
milta (genitive indefinite plural)
miltanna (definite genitive plural)

milti

Icelandic: milta

Faroese: milti, milt

Norwegian Bokmål: milt

Norwegian Nynorsk: milt

Danish: milt

Swedish: mjälte

From Proto-Germanic *miltiją, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld- (“to beat, grind, crush, weaken”).


há

non-decl-blank-full

há

há (indefinite nominative singular)
háin (definite nominative singular)
hár (indefinite nominative plural)
hárnar (definite nominative plural)
há (accusative indefinite singular)
hána (accusative definite singular)
hár (accusative indefinite plural)
hárnar (accusative definite plural)
há (dative indefinite singular)
hánni (dative definite singular)
hám (dative indefinite plural)
hánum (dative definite plural)
hár (genitive indefinite singular)
hárinnar (definite genitive singular)
há (genitive indefinite plural)
hánna (definite genitive plural)

Norwegian Nynorsk: hå m or f

Norwegian Bokmål: hå m or f

From Proto-Germanic *hah(w)ō, cognate with Faroese hógvur and Norwegian Nynorsk hå.


há

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

inflection of hár:
indefinite accusative/dative singular

inflection of hár:
indefinite genitive plural

inflection of hár:
indefinite accusative/genitive plural


reykr

non-decl-blank-full

reykr

reykr (indefinite nominative singular)
reykrinn (definite nominative singular)
reykir (indefinite nominative plural)
reykirnir (definite nominative plural)
reyk (accusative indefinite singular)
reykinn (accusative definite singular)
reyki (accusative indefinite plural)
reykina (accusative definite plural)
reyk (dative indefinite singular)
reykinum (dative definite singular)
reykjum (dative indefinite plural)
reykjunum (dative definite plural)
reykjar (genitive indefinite singular)
reyks (genitive indefinite singular)
reykjarins (definite genitive singular)
reyksins (definite genitive singular)
reykja (genitive indefinite plural)
reykjanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: reykur m

Faroese: roykur m

Norwegian Nynorsk: røyk m

→ Norwegian Bokmål: røyk m

Jamtish: røyk

Elfdalian: räk

Old Swedish: rø̄ker m

Swedish: rök c or m

Old Danish: rø̄k m

Scanian: rǿg

Danish: røg c

Norwegian Bokmål: røk m

Old Gutnish: *roykr

Gutnish: råik

→ English: reek

From Proto-Germanic *raukiz, whence also Old Frisian rēk (West Frisian reek), Old Saxon rōk (Low German Röök), Old Dutch rouc (Dutch rook), Old High German rouh (German Rauch) and possibly Old English rēc, which might be a loanword from Old Norse reykr.


leka

inflection of leki:
indefinite oblique singular

inflection of leki:
indefinite accusative/genitive plural


múgr

Proto-Germanic *mūgô, from Proto-Indo-European *muk- (“heap”), similar to Ancient Greek μύκων (múkōn, “pile”). Compare Old English mūga.


kál

non-decl-blank-sing

kál

kál (indefinite nominative singular)
kálit (definite nominative singular)
kál (accusative indefinite singular)
kálit (accusative definite singular)
káli (dative indefinite singular)
kálinu (dative definite singular)
káls (genitive indefinite singular)
kálsins (definite genitive singular)

Icelandic: kál

Faroese: kál

Norwegian Nynorsk: kål

Norwegian Bokmål: kål

Swedish: kål

Danish: kål


máni

mána (genitive)
mánar (plural)
máni (indefinite nominative singular)
máninn (definite nominative singular)
mánar (indefinite nominative plural)
mánarnir (definite nominative plural)
mána (accusative indefinite singular)
mánann (accusative definite singular)
mána (accusative indefinite plural)
mánana (accusative definite plural)
mána (dative indefinite singular)
mánanum (dative definite singular)
mánum (dative indefinite plural)
mánunum (dative definite plural)
mána (genitive indefinite singular)
mánans (definite genitive singular)
mána (genitive indefinite plural)
mánanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

máni

Icelandic: máni

Faroese: máni

Norn: måni

Norwegian: måne

Old Swedish: māne
Swedish: måne

Old Danish: mānæ

Danish: måne

Gutnish: mane

From Proto-Norse *ᛗᚨᚾᛟ (*mano), from Proto-Germanic *mēnô (“the moon”), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon, month”). Cognate with Old English mōna, Old Frisian mōna, Old Saxon māno, Old High German māno, Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌽𐌰 (mēna).


barmr

Icelandic: barmur

Faroese: barmur

Norwegian Bokmål: barm

Swedish: barm

Danish: barm

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰren- (“project”), related to Old English brant (“steep”), Latvian bruôds (“roof ridge”).


blettr

Faroese: blettur

Icelandic: blettur

→? Middle English: blot

English: blot

>? Old Swedish: plætter
Swedish: plätt


bukkr

Icelandic: bukkur, bokkur

Faroese: bukkur

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: bukk; (dialectal) bukk’e

Old Swedish: bukker, bokker

Swedish: bock

→ Finnish: pukki

Danish: buk

Norwegian Bokmål: bukk


dalr

head

dalr m (genitive dals, dative dali or dal, plural dalir)

dals (genitive)
dali (dative)
dal (dative)
dalir (plural)
dalr (indefinite nominative singular)
dalrinn (definite nominative singular)
dalar (indefinite nominative plural)
dalarnir (definite nominative plural)
dal (accusative indefinite singular)
dalinn (accusative definite singular)
dala (accusative indefinite plural)
dalana (accusative definite plural)
dali (dative indefinite singular)
dalinum (dative definite singular)
dǫlum (dative indefinite plural)
dǫlunum (dative definite plural)
dals (genitive indefinite singular)
dalsins (definite genitive singular)
dala (genitive indefinite plural)
dalanna (definite genitive plural)
dalr (indefinite nominative singular)
dalrinn (definite nominative singular)
dalir (indefinite nominative plural)
dalirnir (definite nominative plural)
dal (accusative indefinite singular)
dalinn (accusative definite singular)
dali (accusative indefinite plural)
dalina (accusative definite plural)
dal (dative indefinite singular)
dalinum (dative definite singular)
dǫlum (dative indefinite plural)
dǫlunum (dative definite plural)
dals (genitive indefinite singular)
dalsins (definite genitive singular)
dala (genitive indefinite plural)
dalanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

dalr

dalr

Faroese: dalur

Icelandic: dalur

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: dal; (dialectal) dal'e

Old Swedish: dal

Swedish: dal

Danish: dal

Norwegian Bokmål: dal

→ Scottish Gaelic: dail

From Proto-Germanic *dala-, whence also Old English dæl, Old High German tal.


diskr

Icelandic: diskur

Faroese: diskur

Danish: disk

Norwegian Bokmål: disk

Norwegian Nynorsk: disk

Swedish: disk

Borrowed from a West Germanic source, perhaps Old English disc, from Proto-West Germanic *disk.


dómr

non-decl-blank-full

dómr

dómr (indefinite nominative singular)
dómrinn (definite nominative singular)
dómar (indefinite nominative plural)
dómarnir (definite nominative plural)
dóm (accusative indefinite singular)
dóminn (accusative definite singular)
dóma (accusative indefinite plural)
dómana (accusative definite plural)
dómi (dative indefinite singular)
dóminum (dative definite singular)
dómum (dative indefinite plural)
dómunum (dative definite plural)
dóms (genitive indefinite singular)
dómsins (definite genitive singular)
dóma (genitive indefinite plural)
dómanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: dómur

Faroese: dómur

Norwegian: dom

Old Swedish: dōmber

Swedish: dom

Danish: dom

From Proto-Germanic *dōmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰóh₁mos. Compare Old English dōm, Old Frisian dōm, Old Saxon dōm, Old High German tuom, Gothic 𐌳𐍉𐌼𐍃 (dōms).

dǿmi

proof, incident, tale, quotation, example


draugr

non-noun

draugr m (genitive draugs, plural draugar)

draugs (genitive)
draugar (plural)
draugr (indefinite nominative singular)
draugrinn (definite nominative singular)
draugar (indefinite nominative plural)
draugarnir (definite nominative plural)
draug (accusative indefinite singular)
drauginn (accusative definite singular)
drauga (accusative indefinite plural)
draugana (accusative definite plural)
draugi (dative indefinite singular)
drauginum (dative definite singular)
draugum (dative indefinite plural)
draugunum (dative definite plural)
draugs (genitive indefinite singular)
draugsins (definite genitive singular)
drauga (genitive indefinite plural)
drauganna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

draugr

Icelandic: draugur

Faroese: dreygur

Norn: drog

Scots: drow (merged with trow (troll))

English: drow

Norwegian: draug, drauv, drog

Old Danish: drog

Swedish: dröger, drög, draugr (dialectal, archaic)

→ Danish: drauge, dravge (learned)

→ English: draugr, draug (learned)

English: Draugr

→ Swedish: draug (learned)}

From Proto-Germanic *draugaz (“delusion, mirage, illusion”). Akin to Old Saxon gidrog (“delusion”) and Old High German bitrog (“delusion”), gitrog (“ghost”). See also Finnish raukka.

inh

Hann kyndir ofn brennanda, sagði draugrinn.

Þáttr Þorsteins skelks, in 1827, S. Egilsson, Þ. Guðmundsson, Fornmanna sögur, Volume III. Copenhagen, page 200

"He kindles furnace's fire", said the ghost.


draugr

Icelandic: draugur

Possibly a nominalisation of Proto-Germanic *draugiz (though one would expect the vowel to display umlaut) or related to drjúgr.

(poetic) (from the sense of tree-trunk) man, warrior


drengr

non-noun

drengr m (genitive drengs, plural drengir)

drengs (genitive)
drengir (plural)
drengr (indefinite nominative singular)
drengrinn (definite nominative singular)
drengir (indefinite nominative plural)
drengirnir (definite nominative plural)
dreng (accusative indefinite singular)
drenginn (accusative definite singular)
drengi (accusative indefinite plural)
drengina (accusative definite plural)
dreng (dative indefinite singular)
drenginum (dative definite singular)
drengjum (dative indefinite plural)
drengjunum (dative definite plural)
drengs (genitive indefinite singular)
drengsins (definite genitive singular)
drengja (genitive indefinite plural)
drengjanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

drengr

Icelandic: drengur

Faroese: drongur

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: dreng; (dialectal) draing

Norwegian Bokmål: dreng

Old Swedish: drænger

Swedish: dräng

→ Northern Sami: reaŋga

→ Finnish: renki

Danish: dreng

→ North Frisian: dräng, dring

From Proto-Germanic *drangijaz (“staff; stake; man; servant”). Cognate with Old English dreng (“warrior; soldier”).

inh

one who is bold, reckless, or inexperienced


eitr

non-decl-blank-full

eitr

eitr (indefinite nominative singular)
eitrit (definite nominative singular)
eitr (indefinite nominative plural)
eitrin (definite nominative plural)
eitr (accusative indefinite singular)
eitrit (accusative definite singular)
eitr (accusative indefinite plural)
eitrin (accusative definite plural)
eitri (dative indefinite singular)
eitrinu (dative definite singular)
eitrum (dative indefinite plural)
eitrunum (dative definite plural)
eitrs (genitive indefinite singular)
eitrsins (definite genitive singular)
eitra (genitive indefinite plural)
eitranna (definite genitive plural)

Elfdalian: ietter (“venom; pus”)

Icelandic: eitur

Faroese: eitur

Norwegian Nynorsk: eiter, eitr

→ Norwegian Bokmål: eiter

Old Swedish: ēter

Swedish: etter

⇒ Old Swedish: ēterkoppa

Swedish: etterkopp

Old Danish: ētær

Danish: edder

Norwegian Bokmål: edder

⇒ Old Danish: etærkop, ederkoppæ

desctree

Danish: edderkop
Norwegian Bokmål: edderkopp
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: edderkopp

From Proto-Germanic *aitrą. Cognate with English atter, Old English ātor, Old High German eitar.


eldr

elds (genitive)
eldar (plural)
eldr (indefinite nominative singular)
eldrinn (definite nominative singular)
eldar (indefinite nominative plural)
eldarnir (definite nominative plural)
eld (accusative indefinite singular)
eldinn (accusative definite singular)
elda (accusative indefinite plural)
eldana (accusative definite plural)
eldi (dative indefinite singular)
eldinum (dative definite singular)
eldum (dative indefinite plural)
eldunum (dative definite plural)
elds (genitive indefinite singular)
eldsins (definite genitive singular)
elda (genitive indefinite plural)
eldanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

eldr

Icelandic: eldur

Faroese: eldur

Norwegian Nynorsk: eld

Elfdalian: jäld

Old Swedish: elder

Swedish: eld

Old Danish: eld

Danish: ild

Norwegian Bokmål: ild

Scanian: élð, ílð

Gutnish: eld, ild


fingr

fingr

fingr (indefinite nominative singular)
fingrinn (definite nominative singular)
fingr (indefinite nominative plural)
fingrnir (definite nominative plural)
fingr (accusative indefinite singular)
fingrinn (accusative definite singular)
fingr (accusative indefinite plural)
fingrna (accusative definite plural)
fingri (dative indefinite singular)
fingrinum (dative definite singular)
fingrum (dative indefinite plural)
fingrunum (dative definite plural)
fingrar (genitive indefinite singular)
fingrs (genitive indefinite singular)
fingrarins (definite genitive singular)
fingrsins (definite genitive singular)
fingra (genitive indefinite plural)
fingranna (definite genitive plural)

Faroese: fingur

Icelandic: fingur

Norwegian: finger

desctree

Old Swedish: finger, ᚠᛁᚿᚵᚽᚱ
Swedish: finger

Danish: finger

From Proto-Germanic *fingraz, from Proto-Indo-European *penkʷrós. Compare Old English finger, Old Saxon fingar, Old High German fingar, Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍂𐍃 (figgrs).


flokkr

non-noun

flokkr m (genitive flokks, plural flokkar)

flokks (genitive)
flokkar (plural)
flokkr (indefinite nominative singular)
flokkrinn (definite nominative singular)
flokkar (indefinite nominative plural)
flokkarnir (definite nominative plural)
flokk (accusative indefinite singular)
flokkinn (accusative definite singular)
flokka (accusative indefinite plural)
flokkana (accusative definite plural)
flokki (dative indefinite singular)
flokkinum (dative definite singular)
flokkum (dative indefinite plural)
flokkunum (dative definite plural)
flokks (genitive indefinite singular)
flokksins (definite genitive singular)
flokka (genitive indefinite plural)
flokkanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

flokkr

Danish: flok

Faroese: flokkur

Icelandic: flokkur

Norwegian Bokmål: flokk

Norwegian Nynorsk: flokk

Swedish: flock

→ Norman: fliotchet (Jersey)


fóðr

Icelandic: fóður

Faroese: fóður

Norwegian Nynorsk: fôr, foder

Norwegian Bokmål: fôr

desctree

Old Swedish: fōþer, ᚠᚮᚦᚽᚱ
Swedish: foder

Danish: foder

→ Middle English: fother, foður, fothir, fothyr, futher, fodyr, fooder, foþer, foþere, foðer, voðer, ffoder
English: fother
Scots: fother

From Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“fodder”), whence also Old English fōdor, Old High German fuotar. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“guard, graze, feed”).


fóðr

From Proto-Germanic *fōdrą (“sheath”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect, guard”) + *-þrą. Compare Old English fōdor, Old High German fuotar, Gothic 𐍆𐍉𐌳𐍂 (fōdr).


froskr

Icelandic: froskur

Faroese: froskur

Norwegian: frosk

→ Middle English: frosk

English: frosk

From Proto-Germanic *fruskaz, whence also Old English frosc, Old High German frosc. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *prew- (“jump, hop”).


faðmr

Icelandic: faðmur

Faroese: favnur

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: famn; (dialectal) fabn, fabm

Elfdalian: farm, fammen

Old Swedish: famn, faghn

Swedish: famn, fagn

Old Danish: fafn, fathm

Danish: favn, farm, fadm

Norwegian Bokmål: favn

Scanian: fağn

Gutnish: famn

From Proto-Germanic *faþmaz, whence also Old English fæþm and Old High German fadum.


fjǫðr

non-noun

fjǫðr f (genitive fjaðrar, plural fjaðrar)

fjaðrar (genitive)
fjaðrar (plural)
fjǫðr (indefinite nominative singular)
fjǫðrin (definite nominative singular)
fjaðrar (indefinite nominative plural)
fjaðrarnar (definite nominative plural)
fjǫðr (accusative indefinite singular)
fjǫðrina (accusative definite singular)
fjaðrar (accusative indefinite plural)
fjaðrarnar (accusative definite plural)
fjǫðr (dative indefinite singular)
fjǫðrinni (dative definite singular)
fjǫðrum (dative indefinite plural)
fjǫðrunum (dative definite plural)
fjaðrar (genitive indefinite singular)
fjaðrarinnar (definite genitive singular)
fjaðra (genitive indefinite plural)
fjaðranna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

fjǫðr

Icelandic: fjöður (“feather, fin”)

Faroese: fjøður

Norwegian Nynorsk: fjør, fjøder

→ Norwegian Bokmål: fjør

Old Swedish: fiæþer

Swedish: fjäder

Old Danish: fiæthær

Danish: fjeder, fjer

Norwegian Bokmål: fjær

Gutnish: fjädar, fjedur

From Proto-Germanic *feþrō, whence also Old English feþer (English feather), Old Saxon fethara, Old High German fedara. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”).


fjǫrðr

non-noun

fjǫrðr m (genitive fjarðar, dative firði, plural firðir)

fjarðar (genitive)
firði (dative)
firðir (plural)
fjǫrðr (indefinite nominative singular)
fjǫrðrinn (definite nominative singular)
firðir (indefinite nominative plural)
firðirnir (definite nominative plural)
fjǫrð (accusative indefinite singular)
fjǫrðinn (accusative definite singular)
fjǫrðu (accusative indefinite plural)
fjǫrðuna (accusative definite plural)
firði (dative indefinite singular)
firðinum (dative definite singular)
fjǫrðum (dative indefinite plural)
fjǫrðunum (dative definite plural)
fjarðar (genitive indefinite singular)
fjarðarins (definite genitive singular)
fjarða (genitive indefinite plural)
fjarðanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

fjǫrðr

Icelandic: fjörður

Faroese: fjørður

Norn: fjord

Norwegian: fjord (see there for further descendants)

Old Swedish: fiorþer, fiordher

Swedish: fjord

⇒ Old Swedish: fiærdher

Swedish: fjärd, (dialectal) fjäl

Old Danish: fiorth

Danish: fjord

→ Middle English: fyrth

Scots: firth

→ English: firth

Gutnish: fjäd

From Proto-Germanic *ferþuz, from Proto-Indo-European *pértus. Related to fara (“to go, travel”) and ferð (“journey, trip”).

Eykr með ennidúki · jarðhljótr día fjarðar
breyti, hún sás beinan · bindr; […]

Kormákr Ǫgmundarson, Sigurðardrápa stanza 3

The land-recipient (RULER) who secures the straight mast endows the plower of the firth of the gods (POET) with a headband. […]


fjǫturr

fjǫturr

fjǫturr (indefinite nominative singular)
fjǫturrinn (definite nominative singular)
fjǫtrar (indefinite nominative plural)
fjǫtrarnir (definite nominative plural)
fjǫtur (accusative indefinite singular)
fjǫturinn (accusative definite singular)
fjǫtra (accusative indefinite plural)
fjǫtrana (accusative definite plural)
fjǫtri (dative indefinite singular)
fjǫtrinum (dative definite singular)
fjǫtrum (dative indefinite plural)
fjǫtrunum (dative definite plural)
fjǫturs (genitive indefinite singular)
fjǫtursins (definite genitive singular)
fjǫtra (genitive indefinite plural)
fjǫtranna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: fjötur m

Faroese: fjøtur n

Old Swedish: fiætur

Swedish: fjätter

Old Danish: fiætær, fiatur

Danish: fjeder c (fjæder, fjær)

From Proto-Germanic *feturaz, whence also Old English feter (English fetter), Dutch veter, Old High German fezzera (obsolete German Fesser).


alfr

alfr

alfr (indefinite nominative singular)
alfrinn (definite nominative singular)
alfar (indefinite nominative plural)
alfarnir (definite nominative plural)
alf (accusative indefinite singular)
alfinn (accusative definite singular)
alfa (accusative indefinite plural)
alfana (accusative definite plural)
alfi (dative indefinite singular)
alfinum (dative definite singular)
ǫlfum (dative indefinite plural)
ǫlfunum (dative definite plural)
alfs (genitive indefinite singular)
alfsins (definite genitive singular)
alfa (genitive indefinite plural)
alfanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: álfur

Faroese: álvur

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: alv, elv; (dialectal) alg

Norwegian Bokmål: alv, elv

Old Swedish: ælf, ælva

Swedish: älva; alf, alv (reborrowed from Old Norse)

Danish: elv (now only poetic); → alf (learned)

→ Arabic: آلْف (ʔālf)

→ English: auf, oaf

→ Scottish Gaelic: ealbhar

→ Belarusian: альв (alʹv)

→ Russian: альв (alʹv)

→ Ukrainian: альв (alʹv)

From Proto-Germanic *albiz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *albʰós.


hagi

haga (genitive)
hagi (indefinite nominative singular)
haginn (definite nominative singular)
hagar (indefinite nominative plural)
hagarnir (definite nominative plural)
haga (accusative indefinite singular)
hagann (accusative definite singular)
haga (accusative indefinite plural)
hagana (accusative definite plural)
haga (dative indefinite singular)
haganum (dative definite singular)
hǫgum (dative indefinite plural)
hǫgunum (dative definite plural)
haga (genitive indefinite singular)
hagans (definite genitive singular)
haga (genitive indefinite plural)
haganna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

hagi

Icelandic: hagi

Faroese: hagi

Norwegian: hage, (dialectal) hagi, haga, hågå

→ Danish: hage, hauge

Norwegian Bokmål: hage

Old Swedish: haghi

Swedish: hage

Danish: have

Norwegian Bokmål: have

→ Norman: hague

Jersey Norman: hague


heðinn

From Proto-Germanic *hadinaz (compare *hōdaz (“hood”)). Cognate to Old English heden.

a short garment without sleeves, but with a hood made of fur


akka

ǫkku (genitive)
ǫkkur (plural)
akka (indefinite nominative singular)
akkan (definite nominative singular)
ǫkkur (indefinite nominative plural)
ǫkkurnar (definite nominative plural)
ǫkku (accusative indefinite singular)
ǫkkuna (accusative definite singular)
ǫkkur (accusative indefinite plural)
ǫkkurnar (accusative definite plural)
ǫkku (dative indefinite singular)
ǫkkunni (dative definite singular)
ǫkkum (dative indefinite plural)
ǫkkunum (dative definite plural)
ǫkku (genitive indefinite singular)
ǫkkunnar (definite genitive singular)
akkna (genitive indefinite plural)
akknanna (definite genitive plural)

akka


Bǫlverkr

Icelandic: Bölverkur

→ Swedish: Bölverk

→ Danish: Bølværk

Faroese: Bølverkur

Norwegian Bokmål: Bolverk

From bǫl (“bale, misfortune”) + verkr (“worker, doer”). Thus literally "worker (or doer) of misfortune".

"misfortune-worker" (a pseudonym used by Odin when lying to the giants)


vǫlva

vǫlu (genitive)
vǫlur (plural)
vǫlva (indefinite nominative singular)
vǫlvan (definite nominative singular)
vǫlur (indefinite nominative plural)
vǫlurnar (definite nominative plural)
vǫlu (accusative indefinite singular)
vǫluna (accusative definite singular)
vǫlur (accusative indefinite plural)
vǫlurnar (accusative definite plural)
vǫlu (dative indefinite singular)
vǫlunni (dative definite singular)
vǫlum (dative indefinite plural)
vǫlunum (dative definite plural)
vǫlu (genitive indefinite singular)
vǫlunnar (definite genitive singular)
vǫlna (genitive indefinite plural)
vǫlnanna (definite genitive plural)

vǫlva

→ Icelandic: völva (learned)

→ Faroese: vølva (learned)

desc

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: volve, volva (learned)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: volve (learned)

→ Swedish: völva (learned); vala

→ Danish: vølve (learned)

→ English: völva (learned)

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *walwǭ, an agent noun of *waluz (“staff”) (whence Old Norse vǫlr), which was characteristic of Germanic seeresses.

Þá reið Óðinn / fyrir austan dyrr,
þar er hann vissi / vǫlu leiði;
nam hann vittugri / valgaldr kveða,

Then rode Odin / before the eastern door:
there, he knew, was / the seeress’ grave;
He began (wise in witchcraft) / to sing a spell to wake the dead,
until reluctantly she rose / and spoke a dead woman's words.

Sú kona var þar í bygð er Þorbjǫrg hét; hon var spákona, ok var kǫlluð lítil vǫlva.

13th century, Eiríks saga rauða, chapter 4

There was a woman there in the settlement named Thorbjorg; she was a prophetess, and was known as the little völva.


vǫlr

non-noun

vǫlr m (genitive valar, dative veli, plural velir)

valar (genitive)
veli (dative)
velir (plural)
vǫlr (indefinite nominative singular)
vǫlrinn (definite nominative singular)
velir (indefinite nominative plural)
velirnir (definite nominative plural)
vǫl (accusative indefinite singular)
vǫlinn (accusative definite singular)
vǫlu (accusative indefinite plural)
vǫluna (accusative definite plural)
veli (dative indefinite singular)
velinum (dative definite singular)
vǫlum (dative indefinite plural)
vǫlunum (dative definite plural)
valar (genitive indefinite singular)
valarins (definite genitive singular)
vala (genitive indefinite plural)
valanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

vǫlr

Icelandic: völur

Faroese: vølur

Norn: vol

Norwegian Nynorsk: vol

Norwegian Bokmål: vol

Old Swedish: val

Swedish: val (dial.)

Danish: ol, vol


kaka

kǫku (genitive)
kǫkur (plural)
kaka (indefinite nominative singular)
kakan (definite nominative singular)
kǫkur (indefinite nominative plural)
kǫkurnar (definite nominative plural)
kǫku (accusative indefinite singular)
kǫkuna (accusative definite singular)
kǫkur (accusative indefinite plural)
kǫkurnar (accusative definite plural)
kǫku (dative indefinite singular)
kǫkunni (dative definite singular)
kǫkum (dative indefinite plural)
kǫkunum (dative definite plural)
kǫku (genitive indefinite singular)
kǫkunnar (definite genitive singular)
kakna (genitive indefinite plural)
kaknanna (definite genitive plural)

kaka

Icelandic: kaka

Faroese: køka, kaka

Norwegian Nynorsk: kake

Old Swedish: kaka

Swedish: kaka

Old Danish: kakæ

Danish: kage

→ Greenlandic: kaagi

Norwegian Bokmål: kake

Scanian: kâga

Gutnish: kake

desctree

→ Middle English: cake, kake, caake, cayk
English: cake (see there for further descendants)
Geordie English: kyek
Scots: cake, cyaak, kyaak
Yola: caake, kaake

→ Irish: cáca


gaman

gamans (genitive)
gaman (indefinite nominative singular)
gamanit (definite nominative singular)
gaman (accusative indefinite singular)
gamanit (accusative definite singular)
gamni (dative indefinite singular)
gamninu (dative definite singular)
gamans (genitive indefinite singular)
gamansins (definite genitive singular)

non-decl-blank-sing

gaman

Icelandic: gaman

Faroese: gaman

Norwegian Nynorsk: gaman, gama

→ Norwegian Bokmål: gaman

Old Swedish: gaman, gamman, gammen

Swedish: gamman

Danish: gammen

Norwegian Bokmål: gammen

From Proto-Germanic *gamaną. Cognates include Old English gamen (Modern English game).


ái

á (genitive)
ár (plural)
ái (indefinite nominative singular)
áinn (definite nominative singular)
ár (indefinite nominative plural)
árnir (definite nominative plural)
á (accusative indefinite singular)
áinn (accusative definite singular)
á (accusative indefinite plural)
áina (accusative definite plural)
á (dative indefinite singular)
áinum (dative definite singular)
ám (dative indefinite plural)
ánum (dative definite plural)
á (genitive indefinite singular)
áins (definite genitive singular)
á (genitive indefinite plural)
áinna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

ái

From Proto-Germanic *awô (“grandfather”).
Alternatively, from Proto-Germanic *anô (“forefather, ancestor”).


slefa

slefu (genitive)
slefa (indefinite nominative singular)
slefan (definite nominative singular)
slefur (indefinite nominative plural)
slefurnar (definite nominative plural)
slefu (accusative indefinite singular)
slefuna (accusative definite singular)
slefur (accusative indefinite plural)
slefurnar (accusative definite plural)
slefu (dative indefinite singular)
slefunni (dative definite singular)
slefum (dative indefinite plural)
slefunum (dative definite plural)
slefu (genitive indefinite singular)
slefunnar (definite genitive singular)
slefna (genitive indefinite plural)
slefnanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

slefa

Icelandic: slefa

Norwegian Nynorsk: sleva, sleve


tjara

tjǫru (genitive)
tjara (indefinite nominative singular)
tjaran (definite nominative singular)
tjǫrur (indefinite nominative plural)
tjǫrurnar (definite nominative plural)
tjǫru (accusative indefinite singular)
tjǫruna (accusative definite singular)
tjǫrur (accusative indefinite plural)
tjǫrurnar (accusative definite plural)
tjǫru (dative indefinite singular)
tjǫrunni (dative definite singular)
tjǫrum (dative indefinite plural)
tjǫrunum (dative definite plural)
tjǫru (genitive indefinite singular)
tjǫrunnar (definite genitive singular)
tjarna (genitive indefinite plural)
tjarnanna (definite genitive plural)

tjara

Icelandic: tjara

Faroese: tjøra

Norwegian Nynorsk: tjære, tjøre

Norwegian Bokmål: tjære

Swedish: tjära

Danish: tjære


tigr

non-noun

tigr m (genitive tigar, plural tigir, accusative plural tigu)

tigar (genitive)
tigir (plural)
tigu (accusative plural)
tigr (indefinite nominative singular)
tigrinn (definite nominative singular)
tigir (indefinite nominative plural)
tigirnir (definite nominative plural)
tig (accusative indefinite singular)
tiginn (accusative definite singular)
tigu (accusative indefinite plural)
tiguna (accusative definite plural)
tigi (dative indefinite singular)
tiginum (dative definite singular)
tigum (dative indefinite plural)
tigunum (dative definite plural)
tigar (genitive indefinite singular)
tigarins (definite genitive singular)
tiga (genitive indefinite plural)
tiganna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

tigr

From Proto-Germanic *teguz. Related to tíu (“ten”).


óðinsdagr

Icelandic: óðinsdagur

Faroese: ónsdagur

Norwegian Nynorsk: onsdag

Old Swedish: ōþinsdagher

Swedish: onsdag

Old Danish: othænsdagh

Danish: onsdag

Norwegian Bokmål: onsdag

Gutnish: onsdag, onsdagar

Calque of Proto-West Germanic *Wōdanas dag, corresponding to Óðinn (“Odin”) and dagr (“day”).


þórsdagr

non-noun

þórsdagr m (genitive þórsdags, dative þórsdegi, plural þórsdagar)

þórsdags (genitive)
þórsdegi (dative)
þórsdagar (plural)
þórsdagr (indefinite nominative singular)
þórsdagrinn (definite nominative singular)
þórsdagar (indefinite nominative plural)
þórsdagarnir (definite nominative plural)
þórsdag (accusative indefinite singular)
þórsdaginn (accusative definite singular)
þórsdaga (accusative indefinite plural)
þórsdagana (accusative definite plural)
þórsdegi (dative indefinite singular)
þórsdeginum (dative definite singular)
þórsdǫgum (dative indefinite plural)
þórsdǫgunum (dative definite plural)
þórsdags (genitive indefinite singular)
þórsdagsins (definite genitive singular)
þórsdaga (genitive indefinite plural)
þórsdaganna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

þórsdagr

Icelandic: þórsdagur

Faroese: tórsdagur, hósdagur

Norwegian Nynorsk: torsdag, tosdag

Elfdalian: tųosdag

Old Swedish: þōrsdagher

Swedish: torsdag

Old Danish: thorsdagh

Danish: torsdag

Norwegian Bokmål: torsdag

Gutnish: torste, torstda, torsdagar

→ Finnish: torstai

From Proto-West Germanic *Þunras dag (“day of the thunder god”), calque of Latin dies Iovis. By surface analysis, Þórr (“Thor”) + dagr (“day”).


frjádagr

Icelandic: frjádagur

Faroese: fríggjadagur

desctree

Middle Norwegian: fræigjadagr (akin to friggjardagr)
Norwegian: fredag; (dialectal) frei(d)dag, frædag

Elfdalian: frjådag

Old Swedish: frēadagher, frīadagher

Swedish: fredag

Danish: fredag

Norwegian Bokmål: fredag

Gutnish: fredagar, fredag, freda

→ Estonian: reede

→ Finnish: perjantai

From earlier *fríadagr, presumably borrowed from Old Saxon *frīadag, *frīgadag (perhaps through Middle Low German vrīdach, vrigedach), from Proto-West Germanic *Frījā dag (“Friday”).


laugardagr

Icelandic: laugardagur

Faroese: leygardagur

Norwegian Nynorsk: laurdag, laugardag

Old Swedish: lø̄ghardagher

Swedish: lördag

desc

Swedish: (dialectal) lawda, löwda (East Swedish); lovdag, loydag, lögardag (Dalarna); löjdag, lögdag (Västerbotten)

Old Danish: løghærdagh

Danish: lørdag

Norwegian Bokmål: lørdag

Gutnish: laudag

desctree

→ Finnish: lauantai
Kven: lauvantai
→ Ingrian: lavvantaki (from dialectal lauvantaki)

⇒ Estonian: laupäev

Compound of laug (“bath”) + dagr (“day”), literally "bath day". The former element is cognate with English lye.


sunnudagr

Icelandic: sunnudagur

Faroese: sunnudagur

Norwegian Nynorsk: sundag

Old Swedish: sunnodagher, synnodagher

Swedish: söndag

Danish: søndag

Norwegian Bokmål: søndag

Gutnish: sundag, sundagar, sunde, sund'

→ Finnish: sunnuntai

From Proto-West Germanic *sunnōn dag, a calque of Latin dies Solis.


andi

anda (genitive)
andar (plural)
andi (indefinite nominative singular)
andinn (definite nominative singular)
andar (indefinite nominative plural)
andarnir (definite nominative plural)
anda (accusative indefinite singular)
andann (accusative definite singular)
anda (accusative indefinite plural)
andana (accusative definite plural)
anda (dative indefinite singular)
andanum (dative definite singular)
ǫndum (dative indefinite plural)
ǫndunum (dative definite plural)
anda (genitive indefinite singular)
andans (definite genitive singular)
anda (genitive indefinite plural)
andanna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

andi

Icelandic: andi

Faroese: andi

Norwegian Nynorsk: ande, ånd

Old Swedish: ande

Swedish: ande, anda

Danish: ånde, ånd

Norwegian Bokmål: ånde

Ok a somu nott sem hann gallt guði sinn anda, sagði hann sialfr benedictiones ifir bræðr, er lasu lectiones.


duna

dunu (genitive)
duna (indefinite nominative singular)
dunan (definite nominative singular)
dunur (indefinite nominative plural)
dunurnar (definite nominative plural)
dunu (accusative indefinite singular)
dununa (accusative definite singular)
dunur (accusative indefinite plural)
dunurnar (accusative definite plural)
dunu (dative indefinite singular)
dununni (dative definite singular)
dunum (dative indefinite plural)
dununum (dative definite plural)
dunu (genitive indefinite singular)
dununnar (definite genitive singular)
duna (genitive indefinite plural)
dunanna (definite genitive plural)

duna


salta

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemmas

indefinite genitive plural of salt (“salt”)


saltara

inflection of saltari (“psalter”):
oblique singular

inflection of saltari (“psalter”):
accusative plural

inflection of saltari (“psalter”):
genitive plural


engill

non-decl-blank-full

engill

engill (indefinite nominative singular)
engillinn (definite nominative singular)
englar (indefinite nominative plural)
englarnir (definite nominative plural)
engil (accusative indefinite singular)
engilinn (accusative definite singular)
engla (accusative indefinite plural)
englana (accusative definite plural)
engli (dative indefinite singular)
englinum (dative definite singular)
englum (dative indefinite plural)
englunum (dative definite plural)
engils (genitive indefinite singular)
engilsins (definite genitive singular)
engla (genitive indefinite plural)
englanna (definite genitive plural)

Icelandic: engill

Faroese: eingil

Norwegian:

Norwegian Nynorsk: engel

Norwegian Bokmål: engel

Elfdalian: aindjel

Danish: engel

Old Swedish: ængil, engil

Swedish: ängel

→ Finnish: enkeli

Gutnish: änggel

Borrowed from Old Saxon engil and/or Old English enġel, from Proto-West Germanic *angil, which is borrowed via Latin angelus, from Ancient Greek ἄγγελος (ángelos, “messenger”).


tapan

non-noun

tapan f (genitive tapanar, plural tapanir)

tapanar (genitive)
tapanir (plural)
tǫpun (indefinite nominative singular)
tǫpunin (definite nominative singular)
tapanir (indefinite nominative plural)
tapanirnar (definite nominative plural)
tǫpun (accusative indefinite singular)
tǫpunina (accusative definite singular)
tapanir (accusative indefinite plural)
tapanirnar (accusative definite plural)
tǫpun (dative indefinite singular)
tǫpuninni (dative definite singular)
tapanum (dative indefinite plural)
tapanunum (dative definite plural)
tapanar (genitive indefinite singular)
tapanarinnar (definite genitive singular)
tapana (genitive indefinite plural)
tapananna (definite genitive plural)

non-decl-blank-full

tapan


heili

Faroese: heili

Icelandic: heili

Norwegian: heile

From Proto-Germanic *hailia-, whence also Old Frisian hēli, heila, hāl.


spá

spár (genitive)
spá (indefinite nominative singular)
spáin (definite nominative singular)
spár (indefinite nominative plural)
spáir (indefinite nominative plural)
spárnar (definite nominative plural)
spáirnar (definite nominative plural)
spá (accusative indefinite singular)
spána (accusative definite singular)
spár (accusative indefinite plural)
spáir (accusative indefinite plural)
spárnar (accusative definite plural)
spáirnar (accusative definite plural)
spá (dative indefinite singular)
spánni (dative definite singular)
spám (dative indefinite plural)
spánum (dative definite plural)
spár (genitive indefinite singular)
spárinnar (definite genitive singular)
spá (genitive indefinite plural)
spánna (definite genitive plural)

spá

Icelandic: spá

From late Proto-Norse ᛋᛒᛡ (sbᴀ), earlier *ᛊᛈᚨᚺᚢ (*spahu), from Proto-Germanic *spahō.

sjaldan hafa spár mínar átt langan aldr

my prophecies rarely take a long time to come true


búfé

búfjár (genitive)
búfé (indefinite nominative singular)
búféit (definite nominative singular)
búfé (accusative indefinite singular)
búféit (accusative definite singular)
búfé (dative indefinite singular)
búfénu (dative definite singular)
búfjár (genitive indefinite singular)
búfjárins (definite genitive singular)

non-decl-blank-sing

búfé

Icelandic: búfé

Faroese: búfæ

Norwegian Nynorsk: bufe

From bú (“dwelling, farm”) + fé (“livestock, wealth”).