ukir

Javanese: ꦲꦸꦏꦶꦂ (ukir)

Banyumasan: ꦲꦸꦏꦶꦂ (ukir)

Osing: ꦲꦸꦏꦶꦂ (ukir)

Tengger: ꦲꦸꦏꦶꦂ (ukir)

→ Balinese: ᬳᬸᬓᬶᬃ (ukir (“carve; engrave”))

desc

→ Sasak: ᬳᬸᬓᬶᬃ

→ Sasak: ᬳᬸᬓᬶᬃ (ukir)

→ Manggarai: ukir

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ukir (“carving, sculpture”).

inh+

provide (adorn) with carvings (sculptures, reliefs)


sānak

desc

Javanese: ꦱꦤꦏ꧀ (sanak, “relative, relation”)

→ Balinese: ᬲᬵᬦᬓ᭄ (sanak, “family, relatives”)

Affixed sa- + anak. Attested in the Old Javanese manuscript of Kakawin Sutasoma dates back to 1365 AD.

brother, sister, relative; with his brother(s)


alaya

Borrowed from Sanskrit आलय (ālaya, “house”).


alaya

shoot of a climber or liana, aerial root


kuṇḍi

> Javanese: ꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦶ (kendhi) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit कुण्डी (kuṇḍī), female form of कुण्ड (kuṇḍa) or कुण्डिक (kuṇḍika, “water pot”).


tumbuk

Javanese: tumbuk


taṅgal

desc

ꦠꦁꦒꦭ꧀꧈ ꦠꦔ꧀ꦒꦭ꧀

Javanese: ꦠꦁꦒꦭ꧀꧈ ꦠꦔ꧀ꦒꦭ꧀ (tanggal, “date (day and month); beginning of the lunar month”)

→ Indonesian: tanggal (“date (day and month)”)

→ Balinese: ᬢᬗ᭄ᬕᬮ᭄ (tanggal, “day, date”)

Probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋgal (“unfastened, detached”), refers to the new moon which moon is detached from the night sky.

ataṅgal

to rise, get up, draw oneself up, jump up, start, move into action; also: to stay (remain) erect?

day in the first half of the lunar month


hyaṅ

Javanese: ꦲꦾꦁ (yang)

→ Balinese: ᬳ᭄ᬬᬂ

→ Indonesian: hyang, yang

→ Malay: hiang, yang

From (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qiaŋ.

sacred person, such as anchorite, monk, nun.


lawar

> Javanese: ꦭꦮꦂ (lawar) (inherited)

>? Balinese: ᬮᬯᬃ (lawar)

>? Malay: lawar

> Indonesian: lawar (inherited)


kĕmbaṅ

Javanese: ꦏꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦁ (kembang)


wasana

Alternative spelling of wasana, wasāna, awasāna (“end; result, issue”)


wasana

Synonym of wasana, awasana, māwasāna (“to have as end”)


wasana

Synonym of wasana, awasana, māwasāna (“finally”)


wasana

Borrowed from Sanskrit वसन (vasana, “cloth; garment; vestment”).


gabah

desctree

Javanese: ꦒꦧꦃ (gabah)
→ Indonesian: gabah (“unhusked rice”)

Probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓaʔ (“paddy”). Compare Temiar baa (“rice plants, husked rice”), Semai ba (“rice”), Proto-Khasian *kba (“paddy rice”).


muhara

Javanese: ꦩꦸꦮꦫ (muwara)

Probably from Prakrit *muhavara, from Sanskrit मुख (mukha) + द्वार (dvāra) (compare to Tamil முகத்துவாரம் (mukattuvāram, “mouth (of river); estuary”)).

ncog

முகத்துவாரம்


aparwa

(of the mind) wavering, drawn in two directions


amawa

to carry, to carry along, to take along,

to have power over, to control, to rule, to command


rāh

Javanese: ꦫꦃ (rah, “blood”)

→ Balinese: ᬭᬵᬄ (rah, “blood”)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daʀaq, from Proto-Austronesian *daʀaq.


sīma

desc

Javanese: ꦱꦶꦩꦃ, ꦱꦺꦩꦃ (simah, sémah, “household, husband”)

→ Balinese: ᬲᬶᬫ (sima, “border, cloistered area, village”)

→ Indonesian: sima (“free tax area”) (learned)

Borrowed from Sanskrit सीमा (sīmā, “limit, bounds, frontier”).


gandharwa

Javanese: ꦒꦤ꧀ꦢꦂꦮ (gandarwa)

→ Indonesian: gêndêruwo

→ Balinese: ᬕᬦ᭄ᬥᬃᬯ᭄ᬯ (gandarwa)

(Hinduism, Buddhism) a gandharva (one of a class of male heavenly beings, famed singers and guardians of soma)


oṣadhi

→ Balinese: ᬑᬱᬥᬶ (osadi)

Borrowed from Sanskrit ओषधि (oṣadhi, “a herb, plant, especially, a medicinal herb”).


prabhu

desctree

Javanese: ꦥꦿꦧꦸ (prabu)
→ Indonesian: prabu

→ Balinese: ᬧ᭄ᬭᬪᬸ (prabu)


ṭikā

→ Balinese: ᬝᬶᬓ (tika)

Borrowed from Prakrit ṭikka (“mark, spot”), probably from Sanskrit टीका (ṭīkā, “note, remark, commentary”) and तिलक (tilaka, “a freckle; mark”).


madhya

desctree

Javanese: ꦩꦢꦾ (madya)
→ Indonesian: madya (“middle, medium”)

→ Balinese: ᬫᬥ᭄ᬬ (madia)


wīja

→ Balinese: ᬯᬷᬚ (wija)


rahajĕṅ

→ Balinese: ᬭᬳᬚᭂᬂ (rahajeng)

Affixed ra- (“oblique marker”) + hajĕṅ, ajĕṅ (“goodness, rightness, beauty”).


āyuṣa

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit आयुष (āyuṣa, “duration of life”).


wiḍaṅ

→ Balinese: ᬯᬶᬤᬂ (widang)


riṅ

Javanese: ꦲꦶꦁ (ing)

→ Balinese: ᬭᬶᬂ (ring)

Compound of ri (“prepositional particle”) + aṅ (“definite particle”). Doublet of iṅ.


hajĕṅ

desc

Javanese: ꦲꦗꦼꦁ (ajeng, “facing, progress; front; will, want”)

→ Balinese: ᬳᬚᭂᬂ (ajeng, “front”)

Affixed harĕp, arĕp (“front; to wish”) + -jĕṅ (“high register suffix”).


hajĕṅ

desc

Javanese: ꦲꦗꦼꦁ (ajeng, “younger female”)

Affixed hayu, ayu + -jĕṅ (“high register suffix”).


gĕḍaṅ

Javanese: ꦒꦼꦝꦁ (gedhang, “banana”)

desc

→ Balinese: ᬕᬤᬂ (gadang, “green”), ᬕᭂᬤᬂ (gedang, “papaya”)

→ Sundanese: ᮌᮨᮓᮀ (gedang, “papaya”)

Probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kdɔʔ (“plantain bud”).


pĕtĕṅ

Javanese: ꦥꦼꦠꦼꦁ (peteng)


alaṅkara

Javanese: ꦊꦁꦏꦫ (lengkara, “impossible, improbable”)

→ Balinese: ᬍᬗ᭄ᬓᬭ (lengkara, “sentence”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit अलङ्कार, अलंकार (alaṅkāra, alaṃkāra, “an ornament of the sense or the sound”, literally “ornament, decoration”). Compare to Tamil அலங்காரம் (alaṅkāram, “figure of speech”).

bor+

अलङ्कार, अलंकार


griṅsiṅ

desctree

Javanese: ꦒꦿꦶꦁꦱꦶꦁ (gringsing)
→ Indonesian: geringsing
→ English: geringsing

→ Balinese: ᬕ᭄ᬭᬶᬂᬲᬶᬂ (gringsing)

Compound of Old Javanese griṅ (“illness, affliction”) and Balinese ᬲᬶᬂ (sing, “no, not”).


kañca

desctree

> Javanese: ꦏꦚ꧀ꦕ (kanca, kântyâ, kantja) (inherited)
Caribbean Javanese: kantya
→ Indonesian: kanca
→ Malay: konco

→ Balinese: ᬓᬜ᭄ᬘ (kanca)

Unknown, probably affixed pañca (“collection or completeness”, literally “five”) + ka-.


śilā

Javanese: ꦱꦺꦭ (séla)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬶᬮᬵ (sila)

Borrowed from Sanskrit शिला (śilā, “stone, rock”).


śweta

Borrowed from Sanskrit श्वेत (śveta, “white”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwaytás (“white”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweyt- (“bright; shine”).


ḍapunta

Unknown, probably from ḍa (“sun deity”) + pu (“master, lord”) + -ta (“second person pronominal suffix”).


kṣiti

> Javanese: ꦱꦶꦠꦶ (siti) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬓ᭄ᬱᬶᬢᬶ (siti), ᬲᬶᬢᬶ (siti)

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्षिति (kṣiti, “ground”).


garuḍa

desctree

> Javanese: ꦒꦫꦸꦝ (garudha) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: garuda
→ Malay: geroda

→ Balinese: ᬕᬭᬸᬥ (garuda)


nyuh

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *niuʀ.


tandaṅ

Javanese: ꦠꦤ꧀ꦢꦁ (tandang)

tumandaṅ

to move into action, to come down (upon), to attack


bhrā

> Javanese: ꦧꦿ (bra) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit भ्राज् (bhrāj, “shining, splendor, light”).


uṇḍi

desctree

Javanese: ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦝꦶ (undhi)
→ Malay: undi (“to vote”)
Indonesian: undi

Borrowed from Tamil உண்டை (uṇṭai, “ball, dice”).


twah

Javanese: ꦠꦺꦴꦃ (toh)

→ Indonesian: toh

Probably ta- + wwah (“betel-nut”, literally “fruit”).


celeṅ

desctree

> Javanese: ꦕꦺꦭꦺꦁ (cèlèng) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: celeng

→ Balinese: ᬘᬾᬮᬾᬂ (céléng)

Probably from Austroasiatic. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *lik ~ *liik (“pig”) (whence Old Mon cliṅ (“pig”)).


bhāra

Borrowed from Sanskrit भार (bhāra, “burdern; labour”).


bhāra

> Javanese: ꦧꦫ (bara) (inherited)


gampaṅ

desctree

→ Javanese: ꦒꦩ꧀ꦥꦁ (gampang)
→ Indonesian: gampang
→ Malay: gampang

From Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hampaŋ (“easy, promiscuous”).


wadak

Probably from Proto-Austroasiatic (compare to Proto-Bahnaric *-rok (“cow, ox”) and Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruuk (“ox”)).
Doublet of warak (“rhinoceros”).


wuruk

Javanese: ꦮꦸꦫꦸꦏ꧀ (wuruk)

→ Balinese: ᬯᬸᬭᬸᬓ᭄ (wuruk, “teach”)

From Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓɔɔʔ (“younger sibling”) (compare Khmer ប្អូន (pʼoun, “younger sibling”)) and *ruuh, *ruh (“young girl, virgin”). Semantic loan from Sanskrit वत्स (vatsa, “calf; child, boy, son”).


hawuk

Javanese: ꦲꦧꦸꦏ꧀ (abuk)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qabuk (“dust, sawdust”), *Rabuk (“decaying wood; dust, powder”), *-buk (“decay, crumble; powder”).


rawuh

Probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zauq (“far”), or Proto-Mon-Khmer *rəh, *ruəh, *ruh (“to fall”). Doublet of ḍawuh.


rawuh

Javanese: ꦫꦮꦸꦃ (rawuh)

→ Balinese: ᬭᬯᬸᬄ (rauh)


kālih

desctree

Javanese: ꦏꦭꦶꦃ (kalih)
→ Musi: (bebaso) kali

→ Balinese: ᬓᬮᬶᬄ (kalih)


lĕmĕs

Javanese: ꦊꦩꦼꦱ꧀ (lemes)
→ Indonesian: lemas (semantic loan)
→ Sundanese: ᮜᮨᮙᮨᮞ᮪ (lemes)
→ Indonesian: lemas (semantic loan)

→ Malay: lemas
Indonesian: lemas

Probably from Proto-Austronesian *lemaq (“soft, weak, slack”).


wāra

Javanese: ꦮꦫ (wara, “day”)

→ Balinese: ᬯᬵᬭ (wara, “day”)


pajĕg

desctree

Javanese: ꦥꦗꦼꦒ꧀ (pajeg)
→ Indonesian: pajak (semantic loan)
→ Sundanese: ᮕᮏᮨᮌ᮪ (pajeg)

→ Balinese: ᬧᬚᭂᬕ᭄ (pajeg, “rent”)

→ Malay: pajak

Indonesian: pajak, padjak (pre-1947, 1947-1972)
→ Balinese: ᬧᬚᭂᬕ᭄ (pajeg, “tax”) (semantic loan)
→ Min Nan: 吧灼 (pā-chiak)

→ Min Nan: 吧灼 (pā-chiak)


rahaden

Alternative spelling of rahadyan (“lord, master”)


gĕlut

Javanese: ꦒꦼꦭꦸꦠ꧀ (gelut)

→ Balinese: ᬕᭂᬮᬸᬢ᭄ (gelut)

→ Malay: gelut
Indonesian: gelut

→ Sundanese: ᮌᮨᮜᮥᮒ᮪ (gelut)

Unknown, probably related to grĕgut (“furious; gritting teeth”), grut (“gnashing, grinding”), gutgut (“to bite”), pagut (“to meet, to collide, to clash, to engage”), pugut (“to cut off”).


rahadyan

Javanese: ꦫꦢꦺꦤ꧀ (radèn)
→ Malay: raden, radin
Indonesian: raden

desc

→ Malagasy: rohandryan, roandriana, randryan, randriana, andriana

Affixed ra- (“His Honour, Your Honour”) + hadyan (“lord, master”).


paṅeran

desctree

→ Javanese: ꦥꦔꦺꦫꦤ꧀ (pangéran)
→ Malay: pangeran, pengeran, pengiran
Indonesian: pangeran
→ Hokkien: 班奇蘭／班奇兰, 邦奇蘭／邦奇兰

Affixed her, er (“to wait”) + paṅ- -an. Doublet of paṅheran (“waiting-place, dwelling-place”)


raditya

Javanese: ꦫꦢꦶꦠꦾ (raditya, “Sunday”)

→ Balinese: ᬋᬤᬶᬢᬾ (Redité, “Sunday”)

Affixed ra- + āditya, borrowed from Sanskrit आदित्य (āditya).

com

आदित्य (āditya)


hadyan

Affixed ādi, adi (“first, principal, chief”) + -an.


āditya

desctree

Javanese: ꦄꦢꦶꦠꦾ (Aditya)
→ Indonesian: Aditya

→ Balinese: ᬆᬤᬶᬢ᭄ᬬ (Aditya)

Borrowed from Sanskrit आदित्य (āditya, “Aditya”).

bor+

Aditya: Any of a group of solar deities, the sons of Aditi and Kashyapa.


byaya

→ Malay: biaya

Indonesian: biaya

→ Tagalog: biyaya

Borrowed from Sanskrit व्यय (vyaya). Doublet of beya.


ḍasar

Javanese: ꦝꦱꦂ (dhasar)


ulĕr

desctree

Javanese: ꦲꦸꦭꦼꦂ (uler, “caterpillar”)
→ Indonesian: uler (“caterpillar”)

* From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quləj.
* From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hulaʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *Sulaʀ. Doublet of ulā (“snake”).


kĕlir

Javanese: ꦏꦼꦭꦶꦂ (kelir)
→ Malay: kelir
Indonesian: kelir (“screen”)


polah

Javanese: ꦥꦺꦴꦭꦃ (polah, “action, motion; to move”)
→ Indonesian: polah (“conduct, behaviour”)

desc

→ Tenggarong Kutai Malay: polah (“to make”)


pasewan

desctree

Javanese: ꦥꦱꦺꦧꦤ꧀ (paséban)
→ Indonesian: paséban

→ Balinese: ᬧᬲᬾᬩᬦ᭄ (paséban, “outside”)


pagĕlaran

Javanese: ꦥꦒꦼꦭꦫꦤ꧀ (pagelaran)
→ Indonesian: pagelaran, pergelaran

→ Sundanese: ᮕᮌᮨᮜᮛᮔ᮪ (pagelaran)


gĕlar

Javanese: ꦒꦼꦭꦂ (gelar)
→ Indonesian: gelar

→ Balinese: ᬕᭂᬮᬃ (gelar)


prajā

Javanese: ꦥꦿꦗ (praja)
→ Indonesian: praja

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रजा (prajā, “subject of a king, rule”).


ḍawuh

> Javanese: ꦝꦮꦸꦃ (dhawuh) (inherited)

desc

→ Balinese: ᬤᬯᬸᬄ (dawuh, dauh, “west”), ᬤᬳᬸᬄ (dahuh, dauh, “west”), ᬥᬯᬸᬄ (dawuh, dauh, “time”)

→ Sundanese: ᮓᮝᮥᮂ (dawuh, “period of time”)


wṛtta

desctree

Javanese: ꦮꦂꦠ (warta)
→ Malay: warta
Indonesian: warta

→ Balinese: ᬳᭀᬃᬢ (orta, “news”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit वार्त्ता (vārttā).

bor+

event: that which happens (has happened)

news, rumour, (Skt wārtā) account of what has happened


lāwan

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laban (“oppose, go against someone”).


lāwan

desctree

Javanese: ꦭꦮꦤ꧀ (lawan)
→ Banjarese: lawan


śabda

> Javanese: ꦱꦧ꧀ꦢ (sabda) (inherited)

>? Javanese: ꦱꦼꦢ (seda)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬩ᭄ᬤ (sabda)

Borrowed from Sanskrit शब्द (śabda, “sound, noise, voice, tone, note; word”).


rahayu

desctree

Javanese: ꦫꦲꦪꦸ (rahayu)
→ Indonesian: rahayu

→ Balinese: ᬭᬳᬬᬸ (rahayu)


wuragil

Javanese: ꦫꦒꦶꦭ꧀ (ragil), ꦮꦿꦒꦶꦭ꧀ (wragil), ꦮꦸꦫꦒꦶꦭ꧀ (wuragil)
→ Indonesian: ragil

youngest, lastborn (born last in a family)


acaraki

→ Indonesian: acaraki (learned)


gagā

Javanese: ꦒꦒ (gaga, “unirrigated rice field”)
→ Indonesian: gaga (“dry field”)

→ Balinese: ᬕᬕ (gaga, “field”)

Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *tkɔɔʔ ~ *tkɔɔh (“island”) (compare to Khmer កោះ (kɑh), Thai เกาะ (gɔ̀), Lao ເກາະ (kǫ), Vietnamese gò).


aruṇa

Borrowed from Sanskrit अरुण (aruṇa, “sun”).


kawaśan

Javanese: ꦏꦮꦱꦤ꧀ (kawasan)

→ Indonesian: kawasan

waśa (“power, force; dominion”) + ka- -(a)n.

af

overpowered, dominated, mastered, subdued


paṇḍo

Javanese: ꦥꦤ꧀ꦝꦸ (pandhu)

Affixed pa- + aṇḍo, from Tamil அண்டு (aṇṭu, “resort, seek protection”).


waśa

Javanese: ꦮꦱ (wasa)

desc

→ Balinese: ᬯᬰ (wasa, “power, authority”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit वश (vaśa, “authority, power, control, dominion”).


taḍah

desctree

Javanese: ꦠꦝꦃ (tadhah, “catching container, receptacle; capacity, consumption”)
→ Malay: tadah
Indonesian: tadah

Affixed ta- + waḍah (“vessel, container”). Doublet of tĕḍa (“food; (humble) request”).


waḍah

Javanese: ꦲꦝꦃ (adhah), ꦮꦝꦃ (wadhah)

Unknown, cognate of Indonesian wadah, Malay wadah. Probably mutation of arah (“command; position, direction”).


kuṇḍala

Borrowed from Sanskrit कुण्डल (kuṇḍala, “ear-ring, rope, tie”). Doublet of kuṇḍali (“bridle”).


kuṇḍali

desctree

Javanese: ꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦭꦶ (kendhali, “bridle”)
→ Malay: kendali
Indonesian: kendali (“rein; control”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit कुण्डल (kuṇḍala, “ear-ring, rope, tie”). Doublet of kuṇḍala (“ear-pendant”).


santĕn

Javanese: ꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (santen)
→ Dutch: santen (“coconut milk”)

→ Malay: santan
Indonesian: santan
→ Chinese: 參丹／参丹
→ Macanese: santám
→ Tagalog: santan
→ Tausug: santan

Affixed sāri, sari (“quintessence; pollen”) + -ntĕn.


santĕn

Affixed *śāri + -ntĕn, from Sanskrit शारि (śāri, “chessman, piece at chess”).


santĕn

Affixed sari (“continuously, constantly, uninterruptedly, lasting”) + -ntĕn. Doublet of santun.

af

Alternative spelling of sari, santĕn, sintĕn, santun (“continuously, constantly, uninterruptedly, lasting”)


sāri

> Javanese: ꦱꦫꦶ (sari) (inherited)

desc

→ Balinese: ᬲᬭᬶ (sari, “milk”), ᬲᬵᬭᬶ (sari, “flower”)

→ Malay: sari

> Indonesian: sari (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit सार (sāra, “soup; extract, essence”). Doublet of sāra.


menak

Javanese: ꦩꦺꦤꦏ꧀ (ménak, “comfortable”)

Affixed (m)aN- + inak (“well-being, peace, ease, enjoyment, satisfaction, easy (smooth, untroubled) course”).

af

pleasant, agreeable, comfortable, convenient, preferable


menak

desc

Javanese: ꦩꦺꦤꦏ꧀ (ménak, “obsolete title for a nobleman”)

→ Balinese: ᬫᬾᬦᬓ᭄ (ménak, “pleasant person; nobility”)

→ Sundanese: ᮙᮦᮔᮊ᮪ (ménak, “nobility”)


ḍawĕt

desctree

Javanese: ꦝꦮꦼꦠ꧀ (dhawet)
→ Indonesian: dawet

(cooking) drink from coconut milk and melted sugar with lumps of rice-flour


kāraṇa

desc

Javanese: ꦏꦫꦤ (karana, “reason, cause; because”), ꦏꦿꦤ (krana, “reason; because of”), ꦏꦼꦫꦤ (kerana, “because”)

→ Balinese: ᬓᬭᬡ (karana, “cause, origin, reason”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit कारण (kāraṇa, “cause; reason”).


baṇḍuṅ

Javanese: ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝꦸꦁ (bandhung)

→ Balinese: ᬩᬡ᭄ᬥᬸᬂ (bandung)

→ Malay: bandung (“pair”)

Indonesian: bandung (“pair”)

Affix bandhu (“kinship; kindred, relative; friend”) + -ṅ (“definite article”).


wwantĕn

desc

Javanese: ꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (wonten), ꦮꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (wènten) — Serang, palace language, ꦲꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (ènten) — dialectal

→ Balinese: ᬯᬾᬦ᭄ᬢᭂᬦ᭄ (wènten)

Affixed wwaya, wwara (“there is/are”) + -ntĕn.


wwaya

Javanese: ꦧꦺꦴꦪ (boya)

⇒ Jambi Malay: (Kota Seberang) moya

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wada.


hāra

Borrowed from Sanskrit हार (hāra, “garland of pearls”).


upasarga

Borrowed from Sanskrit उपसर्ग (upasarga, “misfortune”). Compare to Old Malay upasargga.


prakosa

desc

> Javanese: ꦥꦿꦏꦺꦴꦱ (prakosa) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रकाश (prakāśa, “visible, shining, bright; manifest, public; universally noted, famous; clearness, brightness, splendour; publicity, fame”). Doublet of prakāśa.


ruṅu

desctree

Javanese: ꦫꦸꦔꦸ (rungu, “to hear”)
→ Indonesian: rungu (“hearing”)

→ Balinese: ᬭᬸᬗᬸ (rungu, “to hear”)


rĕṅö

rĕṅĕ-rĕṅĕ

remaining in the ear, continuously audible


gagaṅ

desc

Javanese: ꦒꦒꦁ (gagang, “central stalk; stem; handle, haft, hilt, knob”)

Partial reduplication of gaṅ (“stalk”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *tguəŋ, *guəŋ, *tgəŋ (“stalk, handle”).


gaṅ

desctree

⇒ Javanese: ꦒꦒꦁ (gagang, “central stalk; stem; handle, haft, hilt, knob”)
→ Malay: gagang
Indonesian: gagang

⇒? Javanese: ꦩꦒꦁ (magang, “apprentice official”)
→ Malay: magang (“apprentice”)
Indonesian: magang (“apprentice”)

desc

⇒? Javanese: ꦥꦒꦁ (pagang, “to wait for; to be an apprentice”)

Probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *tguəŋ, *guəŋ, *tgəŋ (“stalk, handle”).


truh

Unknown, probably affixed ta- + *ruh, which came from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruh (“to fall, be shed”), hence doublet of tĕḍuh (“quiet, calm”). Cognate of Indonesian teduh.


tĕḍuh

Javanese: ꦠꦼꦝꦸꦃ (tedhuh, “cloudy”)

Unknown, probably affixed ta- + *ruh, which came from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruh (“to fall, be shed”), hence related to truh (“drizzle, fine rain, rainy mist”) and ruruh (“calm, quiet, composed, modest”). Cognate of Indonesian teduh.


kapāla

Javanese: ꦏꦥꦭ (kapala), ꦏꦼꦥꦭ (kepala)

→ Balinese: ᬓᭂᬧᬮ (kepala)

→ Banjarese: kapala

→ Classical Malay: کڤالا (kepala)

Malay: کڤالا (kepala)

Indonesian: kepala

→ Lindu: kapala

→ Maranao: kapala

→ Tausug: kapāla

Borrowed from Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “skull, cranium; bowl”).

bor+

head: the part of the body of an animal or human which contains the brain, mouth and main sense organs.


sĕga

Javanese: ꦱꦼꦒ (sega, “cooked rice”)

→ Balinese: ᬲᭂᬕ (sega, “cooked rice”)

Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *sŋoʔ (“paddy”).


bĕkĕl

Javanese: ꦧꦼꦏꦼꦭ꧀ (bekel)

→ Balinese: ᬩᭂᬓᭂᬮ᭄ (bekel)

→ Malay: bekal

Indonesian: bekal

Unknown, probably came from bakal (“prospective, future”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *[b]kəl[ ] (“to give, make over”). Doublet of bakal.


bĕkĕl

desctree

Javanese: ꦧꦼꦏꦼꦭ꧀ (bekel)
→ Indonesian: bekel

→ Balinese: ᬩᭂᬓᭂᬮ᭄ (bekel)


karaṅ

desc

Javanese: ꦏꦫꦁ (karang, “coral, coral reef; rock; vein”)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karaŋ (“coral, limestone”).


karaṅ

Javanese: ꦏꦫꦁ (karang, “place; home”)

→ Indonesian: karang (“assembly place”)

Unknown, probably affixed ka- + araṅ (“widely spaced, far between, seldom, rare; sparse, thin, tenuous”).


karaṅ

desc

Javanese: ꦏꦫꦁ (karang, “flower headdress; article: piece of writing”)

→ Malay: karang (“to compose”)

Indonesian: karang (“to compose, to create”)


mĕnir

Javanese: ꦩꦼꦤꦶꦂ (menir)


ḍĕḍĕk

Javanese: ꦝꦼꦝꦏ꧀ (dhedhak, “rice bran”).

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dəkdək (“pulverize, crush by pounding”) (compare Tagalog darak (“bran”)) or Proto-Mon-Khmer *lʔək (“rice-bran”).


siṇḍyan

Javanese: ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦤ꧀ (sindhèn)

Affixed siṇḍi (“allusion, innuendo”) + -an.


śāstra

Javanese: ꦱꦱ꧀ꦠꦿ (sastra)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬵᬲ᭄ᬢ᭄ᬭ (sastra)

Borrowed from Sanskrit शास्त्र (śāstra).


śastra

→ Balinese: ᬲᬵᬲ᭄ᬢ᭄ᬭ (sastra, “arrow”)


tatā

> Javanese: ꦠꦠ (tata) (inherited)

→ Malay: tata, tatar

> Indonesian: tata, tatar (inherited)


jaṭi

Borrowed from Sanskrit जटि (jaṭi, “twisted hair”).


jaṭī

Borrowed from Sanskrit जटिन् (jaṭin, “ascetic”).


aśana

Borrowed from Sanskrit अशन (aśana, “eating”).


dāha

Borrowed from Sanskrit दाह (dāha, “burning”).


praśasti

desctree

Javanese: ꦥꦿꦱꦱ꧀ꦠꦶ (prasasti, “ancient inscription”)
→ Indonesian: prasasti (“stele”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रशस्ति (praśasti, “eulogistic inscription”).


sogatapakṣa

Compound of sogata + pakṣa. Doublet of swagatapakṣa.


swagatapakṣa

Compound of swagata + pakṣa. Doublet of sogatapakṣa.


kāyastha

Borrowed from Sanskrit कायस्थ (kāyastha).


swāgata

desc

Javanese: ꦱꦸꦒꦠ (sugata, “refreshment; formal welcome”)

→ Balinese: ᬲ᭄ᬯᬵᬕᬢ (swagata)

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्वागत (svāgata, “welcome”).


sogata

→ Balinese: ᬲᭀᬕᬢ (sogata)

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्वागत (svāgata, “name of certain Buddha disciple”, literally “welcome”).


ṅaran

desc

Javanese: ꦲꦫꦤ꧀ (aran, “name”), ꦢꦫꦤ꧀ (daran, “to name, to call”), ꦫꦤ꧀ (ran, “name”)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ŋajan.


wiśuddha

desc

→ Indonesian: wisuda (“convocation, commencement, graduation”) (learned)

Affixed wi- + śuddha (“clean, pure, clear; bright, white; faultless, blameless, right, correct; subtracted, diminished subtraction”), borrowed from Sanskrit विशुद्ध (viśuddha, “clear, virtuous, completed”).


senāpati

Javanese: ꦱꦺꦤꦥꦠꦶ (sénapati)

Compound of senā (“army”) + pati (“lord, master”), borrowed from Sanskrit सेनापति (senāpati, “commandant, commander, general”).


śuddha

desc

Javanese: ꦱꦸꦢ (suda, “to decrease, to diminish”), ꦱꦸꦝꦃ (sudhah, “to unload, to unpack”)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬸᬤ᭄ᬥ→ᬰᬸᬥ (suda, “pure, honourable (mind), righteous; clean, holy; cure”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit शुद्ध (śuddha, “pure; clear; clean; true; right; accurate; simple”).


sudagar

desctree

Javanese: ꦱꦸꦢꦒꦂ (sudagar, “merchant, trader”)
→ Indonesian: sudagar (“merchant, trader”)

Borrowed from Persian سوداگر (sowdâgar, “merchant, trader”).


śuddhi

Borrowed from Sanskrit शुद्धि (śuddhi, “innocence, genuineness”).


śuddhi

desc

Javanese: ꦱꦸꦢꦶ (sudi, “willing to; to acquiesce, be agreeable”), ꦱꦸꦝꦶ (sudhi, “offering container”)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬸᬤ᭄ᬥᬶ→ᬰᬸᬥᬶ (sudi, “merciful; favour, benevolence, pleasure”)


cakrawarti

Javanese: ꦕꦏꦿꦮꦂꦠꦶ (cakrawarti)

→ Balinese: ᬘᬓ᭄ᬭᬯᬃᬢᬶ (cakrawarti)

Borrowed from Sanskrit चक्रवर्तिन् (cakravartin, “chakravartin”).


āṣādha

→ Balinese: ᬱᬤ᭄ᬥ

Borrowed from Sanskrit आषाढ (āṣāḍha), अषाढ (aṣāḍha, “invincible”).

a month of the Hindu calendar that corresponds to June/July in the Gregorian calendar.


kuṇḍa

desc

Javanese: ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦝ (kundha, “ritual brazier; calm high tide; service, department”)

→ Balinese: ᬓᬸᬡ᭄ᬥ (kunda, “ritual brazier”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit कुण्ड (kuṇḍa, “bowl, waterpot; basin of water, pit”), from Dravidian.


sahana

Affixed sa- + hana (“to be, exist, stay; being, existence”).


kṣaṇa

→ Balinese: ᬓ᭄ᬱᬡ (ksana)

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्षण (kṣaṇa, “a moment”).


kamantryan

Javanese: ꦏꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀ (kamantrèn)


śāsana

Borrowed from Sanskrit शासन (śāsana, “rule; government”).

precept, doctrine, discipline, code, rule


mantrī

desctree

Javanese: ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶ (mantri)
→ Indonesian: mantri

Borrowed from Sanskrit मन्त्री (mantrī).


amwaṅ

desc

Javanese: ꦲꦩꦺꦴꦁ (among, “to take care, to handle, to protect”)

Affixed (m)aN- + wwang (“human, people; servant, attendant”).


(m)aN-

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *maN-.


wwaṅ

Alternative spelling of wwang (“man, person, human being; attendant, servant”)


citralekha

Borrowed from Sanskrit चित्रलेखा (citralekhā, “picture”).


ājñā

Borrowed from Sanskrit आज्ञा (ājñā, “order, command; authority”).


haṇḍap

desctree

Javanese: ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ꧀ (andhap, “below, under; short, low; to descend”)
→ Indonesian: andap (“low”), endap (“to precipitate”)

desc

ᬳᬡ᭄ᬟᬧ᭄→ᬳᬦ᭄ᬤᬧ᭄

→ Balinese: ᬳᬡ᭄ᬟᬧ᭄→ᬳᬦ᭄ᬤᬧ᭄ (andap, “low, concise”)

>? Malay: endap

> Indonesian: endap (inherited)

Probably affixed *ḍap + (m)aN-, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *daap (“low”).


pĕṇḍĕm

Javanese: ꦥꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦩ꧀ (pendhem)

→ Balinese: ᬧᭂᬦ᭄ᬤᭂᬫ᭄ (pendem)

→ Malay: pendam

Indonesian: pendam

Probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *nɗəm (“under, underpart”).


ḍukuh

desctree

Javanese: ꦝꦸꦏꦸꦃ (dhukuh, “hamlet; chief of hamlet”), ꦢꦸꦏꦸꦃ (dukuh)
→ Indonesian: dukuh (“hamlet; chief of hamlet”)

→ Balinese: ᬥᬸᬓᬸᬄ (dukuh, “priest”)


drawya

desc

Javanese: ꦢꦸꦮꦺ (duwé, “to have, to own”)

→ Balinese: ᬤᬸᬯᬾ (duwé, “to have, to own”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit द्रव्य (dravya, “object of possession, wealth, goods, money; gold”, literally “substance, thing, object; tree”).


kadipatyan

Javanese: ꦏꦢꦶꦥꦠꦺꦤ꧀ (kadipatèn)


wadana

desctree

Javanese: ꦮꦢꦤ (wadana, “face; mouth; leader; head of an administrative district”), ꦮꦼꦢꦤ (wedana)
→ Indonesian: wedana (“assistant regent”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit वदन (vadana, “mouth, face”).


puṅgawa

Borrowed from Sanskrit पुङ्गव (puṅgava, “hero; chief”).


ārya

Javanese: ꦲꦂꦪ (arya), ꦄꦂꦪ (Arya)

→ Balinese: ᬆᬃᬬ (arya)


kabayan

Javanese: ꦏꦧꦪꦤ꧀ (kabayan)

→ Balinese: ᬓᬩᬬᬦ᭄ (kabayan)


umbul

desctree

Javanese: ꦲꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭ꧀ (umbul)
Indonesian: umbul


śūdra

Javanese: ꦱꦸꦢꦿ (sudra, “low, humble”)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬹᬤ᭄ᬭ (sudra, “Shudra”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit शूद्र (śūdra), a variant of क्षुद्र (kṣudra, “small, diminutive”).


kryan

Affixed ārya (“noble”) + ka- -(a)n. Doublet of kaaryan.


mahāmantri

Compound of mahā + mantrī, borrowed from Sanskrit महामन्त्रिन् (mahāmantrin, “prime minister; chief counsellor”).

bor+

महामन्त्रिन्


thāni

desc

> Javanese: ꦠꦤꦶ (tani, “farmer”) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬢᬦᬶ (tani, “farmer”)

Borrowed from Tamil தானி (tāṉi, “place”), from Pali ṭhāna (“place”), from Sanskrit स्थान (sthāna).


baṅawan

desctree

Javanese: ꦧꦼꦔꦮꦤ꧀ (bengawan), ꦧꦔꦮꦤ꧀ (bangawan)
→ Indonesian: bengawan

Unknown, probably from affixed awan, hawan (“way, road, vehicle”) + baṅ-.


sintĕn

Javanese: ꦱꦶꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (sinten, “who”)


śāpa

Javanese: ꦱꦥ (sapa, “curse”)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬵᬧ (sapa)


pāduka

Javanese: ꦥꦢꦸꦏ (paduka)

→ Balinese: ᬧᬵᬤᬸᬓ (paduka)


jaṅgala

Borrowed from Sanskrit जङ्गल (jaṅgala, “arid, desert”).


tapĕl

Javanese: ꦠꦥꦼꦭ꧀ (tapel)

→ Balinese: ᬢᬧᭂᬮ᭄ (tapel)


tumapĕl

Affixed tapĕl (“closely linked, joined, close together”) + -um-.


sakhā

desc

> Javanese: ꦱꦏ (saka, “friend; partner; branch”) (inherited)

desctree

→ Balinese: ᬲᭂᬓᬳ (sekaa, “villagers' club; society”)
→ Indonesian: sêka (“association”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit सख (sakha, “friend”).


wuhaya

Alternative spelling of buhaya (“crocodile”)


waraṇa

desc

Javanese: ꦮꦫꦤ (warana, “screen; pretext; representative, substitute”)


bhūṣaṇa

Javanese: ꦧꦸꦱꦤ (busana, “cloth”)

→ Balinese: ᬪᬹᬱᬡ (busana, “raiment; cloth; ornament”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit भूषण (bhūṣaṇa, “ornament”).


rakṣa

desc

> Javanese: ꦫꦏ꧀ꦱ (raksa, “to guard”) (inherited)

desctree

> Javanese: ꦉꦏ꧀ꦱ (reksa, “to guard, to watch over”) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: reksa (“police; guard”)

desc

→ Balinese: ᬭᬓ᭄ᬱ (raksa, “protection, shelter, care”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit रक्षा (rakṣā, “guard”).


śākhā

Borrowed from Sanskrit शाखा (śākhā, “branch”).

the woody part of a tree arising from the trunk and usually dividing.

a location of an organization with several locations.


śaka

Javanese: ꦱꦏ (saka, “Shaka year”)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬓ (saka, “Shaka year”)


śāka

Borrowed from Sanskrit शाक (śāka, “vegetable”), शाखा (śākhā, “vegetable”, literally “branch”).


śāka

Borrowed from Sanskrit शाखा (śākhā, “teak”, literally “branch”).


śāka

Alternative spelling of śaka (“Shaka year”)


aṅgara

→ Balinese: ᬅᬗ᭄ᬕᬭ (Anggara)


aṅsa

Alternative spelling of haṅsa (“goose, gander, swan, flamingo”)


haṅsa

Javanese: ꦲꦁꦱ (angsa), ꦒꦁꦱ (gangsa)

→ Balinese: ᬳᬗ᭄ᬲ (angsa)

Borrowed from Sanskrit हंस (haṃsa, “goose, gander, swan, flamingo”).


aṅśa

Javanese: ꦲꦁꦱ (angsa, “portion, share”)

desc

→ Balinese: ᬅᬗ᭄ᬰ (angsa, “inheritance, fraction”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit अंश (aṃśa, “share, portion”).


gaṅsa

Javanese: ꦒꦁꦱ (gangsa), ꦒꦺꦴꦁꦱ (gongsa)

→ Balinese: ᬕᬗ᭄ᬲ (gangsa)


aṣṭa

→ Balinese: ᬅᬱ᭄ᬝ (asta, “eight”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit अष्ट (aṣṭa, “eight”). Cognate to Malay asta (“eight”).


awatāra

Borrowed from Sanskrit अवतार (avatāra, “descent of a deity from a heaven”), a compound of अव (ava, “off, away, down”) and the vṛddhi-stem of the root तरति (√tṝ, “to cross”).


awatāra

desctree

→ Balinese: ᬅᬯᬢᬵᬭ (awatara)
→ Indonesian: awatara


rṣi

→ Javanese: ꦉꦱꦶ (resi, “hermit”)

desc

→ Balinese: ᬋᬱᬶ (resi, “rishi; holy man; prophet”)

→ Malay: resi

→ Indonesian: rêsi (“sage”)


śaila

Borrowed from Sanskrit शैल (śaila, “hill, mountain”)


tūr

→ Balinese: ᬢᬹᬃ (tur)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuhud, from Proto-Austronesian *tuduS.


jīwa

Javanese: ꦗꦶꦮ (jiwa)

→ Balinese: ᬚᬶᬯ (jiwa)

Borrowed from Sanskrit जीव (jīva), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰiHwás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós.


śara

Javanese: ꦱꦫ (sara, “arrow”)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬭ (sara, “arrow”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit शर (śara, “arrow, shaft”).


sāra

Borrowed from Sanskrit सार (sāra, “core or pith; firmness, strength, power, energy”). Doublet of sāri.


sāra

> Javanese: ꦱꦫ (sara) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬲᬵᬭ (sara, “energy”)


wadha

Borrowed from Sanskrit वध (vadha, “murder”).


wāda

Javanese: ꦮꦢ (wada, “to criticise”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit वाद (vāda, “speaking, saying”).


wādha

desctree

>? Javanese: ꦧꦼꦝꦺꦴ (bedho)
→ Indonesian: bedo

Borrowed from Sanskrit बाधा (bādhā, “interruption, obstacle, hardship, disturbance; suffering, pain, injury”).


jāla

Javanese: ꦗꦭ (jala)

→ Balinese: ᬚᬮ (jala)

Borrowed from Sanskrit जाल (jāla, “net”).


layū

desc

Javanese: ꦭꦪꦸ (layu, “running pace; runner, courier”)

→ Balinese: ᬮᬬᬹ (layu, “course, walk, flight”)

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *laRiw (“run, run away, flee, escape”). Cognate of Malay lari.


tuntun

desctree

> Javanese: ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ (tuntun) (inherited)
→ Malay: tuntun
> Indonesian: tuntun (inherited)

Reduplication of tön (“desire”) (compare to Old Javanese atun (“desiring, loving, attached”)).


titih

> Javanese: ꦠꦶꦠꦶꦃ (titih) (inherited)


idĕr

desctree

Javanese: ꦲꦶꦢꦼꦂ (ider)
→ Indonesian: ider

→ Balinese: ᬳᬶᬤᭂᬃ (ider)

>? Malay: edar
Indonesian: èdar


śrāma

alternative spelling of āśrama (“hermitage”)


śuci

Javanese: ꦱꦸꦕꦶ (suci)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬸᬘᬶ (suci)

Borrowed from Sanskrit शुचि (śuci, “clean”).


śrama

Borrowed from Sanskrit श्रम (śrama, “fatigue, weariness, exhaustion; exertion, labour, toil, exercise; military exercise, drill”).


śrama

desc

Javanese: ꦱꦿꦩ (srama, “present/gift to superior”)


tĕmpur

desctree

> Javanese: ꦠꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦂ (tempur) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: tempur

Probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *puh (“to slap, hit”).


cagĕr

Javanese: ꦕꦒꦂ (cagar)
→ Indonesian: cagar (“reserve, preserve”) (semantic loan)

>? Malay: cagar

Indonesian: cagar

From Proto-Mon-Khmer *gar, *cgar, *cgaar (“to fence, to enclose”).


ācamanīya

Borrowed from Sanskrit आचमनीय (ācamanīya).


malayū

Javanese: ꦩ꧀ꦭꦪꦸ (mlayu)

Affixed layū (“to run; to flee”) + (m)aN-.


deśa

Javanese: ꦢꦺꦱ (désa)

→ Balinese: ᬤᬾᬰ (désa)

Borrowed from Sanskrit देश (deśa, “point, region, spot, place, part, portion; province, country, kingdom”).

country, countryside, rural area, village


īśwara

→ Balinese: ᬰ᭄ᬯᬭ (suara)

Borrowed from Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvara, “God; the Supreme Being”).


wanitā

> Javanese: ꦮꦤꦶꦠ (wanita) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬯᬦᬶᬢ (wanita)


wañci

Compare to Old Javanese bañcana, wañcana (“deception, deceitful”), from Sanskrit वञ्चन (vañcana, “deceiving, trickery”).

der

disposition, character, humour, temper, mood


wañci

Javanese: ꦮꦚ꧀ꦕꦶ (wanci)

desctree

Javanese: ꦧꦚ꧀ꦕꦶ (banci)
→ Indonesian: banci
→ Malay: banci


bañcana

Javanese: ꦧꦚ꧀ꦕꦤ (bancana)

desc

→ Balinese: ᬩᬜ᭄ᬘᬦ (bancana), ᬩᭂᬜ᭄ᬘᬦ (bencana)

→ Malay: bencana
Indonesian: bencana

Borrowed from Sanskrit वञ्चन (vañcana, “deceiving, trickery”).

bor+

ruse, cunning, device, beguilement, seduction


lyan

Javanese: ꦭꦺꦤ꧀ (lèn)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lian (“to change appearance”) (compare Old Javanese lan (“and”)).


barwaṅ

desctree

Javanese: ꦧꦫꦺꦴꦁ (barong)
→ Indonesian: barong

desc

Javanese: ꦧꦂꦮꦁ (barwang), ꦧꦲꦸꦁ (baung), ꦮꦲꦸꦁ (waung), ꦧꦿꦸꦮꦁ (bruwang)

desctree

→ Balinese: ᬩᬭᭀᬂ (barong)
→ Indonesian: barong

>? Balinese: ᬩ᭄ᬭᬸᬯᬂ (bruang)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀuaŋ (“bear”).


wuṅa

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa.


mānuṣa

Javanese: ꦩꦤꦸꦁꦱ (manungsa)

→ Balinese: ᬫᬵᬦᬸᬱ (manusa)

Borrowed from Prakrit manusa, from Sanskrit मनुष्य (manuṣyá, “human being”).


duhkha

Borrowed from Pali dukkha, from Sanskrit दुःख (duḥkha).

unhappiness, misfortune, misery, miserable


duhkha

Javanese: ꦢꦸꦏ (duka)

→ Balinese: ᬤᬸᬓ (duka)


undaṅ

Alternative spelling of hundaṅ (“to call; to invite”)


wicakṣaṇa

desctree

Javanese: ꦮꦶꦕꦏ꧀ꦱꦤ (wicaksana)
→ Indonesian: kebijaksanaan (semantic loan)

Borrowed from Sanskrit विचक्षण (vicakṣaṇa, “wise, learned, skillful”).


sambarana

desctree

Javanese: ꦱꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦿꦤ (sembrana)
→ Indonesian: sembrono
→ Malay: semberono

Probably from Sanskrit सम्भरण (sambharaṇa, “preparation; composition; collection”).


maliṅ

desctree

Javanese: ꦩꦭꦶꦁ (maling)
→ Indonesian: maling


pañjĕnĕṅan

desc

Javanese: ꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦔꦤ꧀ (panjenengan, “you”)

pañ‧jĕ‧nĕṅ‧an


jĕnĕṅ

Probably related to Old Javanese jĕnaṅ (“precious stone”).


jĕnĕṅ

Javanese: ꦗꦼꦤꦼꦁ (jeneng, “name”)


alun-alun

desctree

Javanese: ꦲꦭꦸꦤ꧀ꦲꦭꦸꦤ꧀ (alun-alun)
→ Indonesian: alun-alun


śaṭha

Borrowed from Sanskrit शठ (śaṭha, “false, wicked”).


pañjalu

Affixed jalu (“male; man, husband”) + paN-.


śata

Javanese: ꦱꦠ (sata)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬢ (sata)

Borrowed from Sanskrit शत (śata, “hundred”).


saruṅ

Javanese: ꦱꦫꦸꦁ (sarung)

→ Balinese: ᬲᬭᬸᬂ (sarung)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *saruŋ (“sheath, sheath-like container; to sheathe a weapon”). Cognate with Sundanese ᮞᮛᮥᮀ (sarung).

inh+

sarong (garment made of batik or ikat cloth wrapped about the waist)


sawuṅ

Javanese: ꦱꦮꦸꦁ (sawung)

→ Balinese: ᬲᬯᬸᬂ (sawung)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sabuŋ (“pit two opponents against each other; cockfight”).


ḍiri

Javanese: ꦝꦶꦫꦶ (dhiri)

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *diʀi.


aṇḍiri

Affixed ḍiri + (m)aN-. Doublet of maṇḍiri.


jantĕn

→ Malay: jantan
Indonesian: jantan

Affixed jalu (“male; man, husband”) + -ntĕn.


ramĕs

desctree

Javanese: ꦫꦩꦼꦱ꧀ (rames)
→ Indonesian: rames

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀaməs.


pūrwaka

Borrowed from Sanskrit पूर्वक (pūrvaka).


pūrwa

desctree

Javanese: ꦥꦸꦂꦮ (purwa)
→ Indonesian: purwa, purwa-

→ Balinese: ᬧᬹᬃᬯ᭄ᬯ (purwa)


sĕlā

Javanese: ꦱꦼꦭ (sela)


jāgra

Borrowed from Sanskrit जागर्ति (jāgarti), जागृ (jāgṛ). Doublet of jaga.


mañca

Borrowed from Sanskrit मञ्च (mañca, “throne”).


mañcanagara

desctree

Javanese: ꦩꦚ꧀ꦕꦤꦒꦫ (mancanagara)
→ Indonesian: mancanegara

Compound of mañca (“functionary, official of high rank”) + nagara (“palace, court; residence; capital; state, realm”).


bhawana

Borrowed from Sanskrit भवन (bhavana, “building”).


bhuwana

Javanese: ꦧꦸꦮꦤ (buwana), ꦧꦮꦤ (bawana)

→ Balinese: ᬪᬸᬯᬦ (buana)

→ Malay: buana

Indonesian: buana

Borrowed from Sanskrit भुवन (bhuvana, “abode, residence; earth”).


prāsāda

desctree

> Javanese: ꦥꦿꦱꦢ (prasada) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: prasada

→ Balinese: ᬧ᭄ᬭᬵᬲᬵᬤ (prasada)

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रासाद (prāsāda, “castle”).


mūrkha

Javanese: ꦩꦸꦂꦏ (murka)

desc

→ Balinese: ᬫᬹᬃᬔ (murka), ᬫᬹᬃᬓ᭄ᬓ (murka), ᬫᬹᬃᬓ (murka)

→ Malay: murka

Indonesian: murka

Borrowed from Sanskrit मूर्ख (mūrkha, “stupid, foolish, blockhead”).


prasāda

> Javanese: ꦥꦿꦱꦢ (prasada) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रसाद (prasāda).


kĕna

desctree

Javanese: ꦏꦼꦤ (kena)
→ Indonesian: kena (semantic loan)

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *keNa (“be ensnared, caught in a trap; suffer, undergo, be struck by something; be entrapped or deceived; hit the mark, be ‘on target’, correct, right, true”).

inh+

hit by, touched by, subjected to, being the object of


asthana

desctree

Javanese: ꦲꦱ꧀ꦠꦤ (astana)
Indonesian: astana

Borrowed from Sanskrit आस्थान (āsthāna, “place, site, ground, base; assembly; a hall of audience”).


kaḍatwan

Javanese: ꦏꦼꦝꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (kedhaton)

Affixed ḍatu (“king”) + ka- -an. Doublet of karatun.


ḍatu

Javanese: ꦝꦠꦸ (dhatu)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *datu. Doublet of ratu.


abhyāsa

>? Javanese: ꦧꦶꦱ (bisa)

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">biasa</i>

→ Malay: بياسا (biasa)

> Indonesian: biasa (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit अभ्यास (abhyāsa, “drill, habit”).

bor+

to be familiar with, acquainted with, at home in


wyāsa

Borrowed from Sanskrit व्यास (vyāsa, “diameter”).


wyāsa

name of a celebrated mythical sage and author, Vyasa.


akĕn

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aken (“preposition, on, upon; applicative marker”). Doublet of -akĕn (“causative”).


-akĕn

Javanese: -ꦲꦏꦼꦤ꧀ (-aken)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aken (“preposition, on, upon; applicative marker”). Doublet of akĕn (“like, by way of”).


santāna

desctree

Javanese: ꦱꦼꦤ꧀ꦠꦤ (sentana)
→ Indonesian: sentana

→ Balinese: ᬲᭂᬦ᭄ᬢᬦ (sentana)

Borrowed from Sanskrit सन्तान (santāna, “child”).


tambā

Alternative spelling of tamba (“cure, remedy, medicine”)


waidya

Borrowed from Sanskrit वैद्य (vaidya, “physician, doctor; expert”).


uwat

Javanese: ꦲꦺꦴꦧꦠ꧀ (obat)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ubat.


adĕgan

desctree

> Javanese: ꦲꦢꦼꦒꦤ꧀ (adegan) (inherited)
→ Malay: adegan
→ Indonesian: adegan


aṅkat

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *aŋkat.


aṅkat

Javanese: ꦲꦁꦏꦠ꧀ (angkat)

Javanese: ꦲꦸꦁꦏꦢ꧀ (ungkad)


ambö

Javanese: ꦲꦩ꧀ꦧꦸ (ambu)

→ Balinese: ᬳᬫ᭄ᬩᬸ (ambu)


aṅel

desctree

Javanese: ꦲꦔꦺꦭ꧀ (angèl)
→ Indonesian: angel

→ Balinese: ᬳᬗᬾᬮ᭄ (angél)


śirah

Javanese: ꦱꦶꦫꦃ (sirah)
→ Sundanese: ᮞᮤᮛᮂ (sirah)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬶᬭᬄ → ᬲᬶᬭᬄ (sirah)

Borrowed from Sanskrit शिर (śira, “head”).


wāhana

desctree

> Javanese: ꦮꦲꦤ (wahana) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: Wahono

→ Balinese: ᬯᬳᬦ (wahana)

Borrowed from Sanskrit वाहन (vāhana, “vehicle”)


pramāṇa

desctree

Javanese: ꦥꦿꦩꦤ (pramana)
→ Indonesian: Pramono

→ Balinese: ᬧ᭄ᬭᬫᬡ (pramana)

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रमाण (pramāṇa, “proof, evidence; measure”).


sewu

desctree

Javanese: ꦱꦺꦮꦸ (sèwu, “thousand”)
Indonesian: sewu


prathama

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रथम (prathamá, “first, primary, original”).


prathama

desctree

Javanese: ꦥꦿꦠꦩ (pratama)
→ Indonesian: pratama, Pratama

→ Balinese: ᬧ᭄ᬭᬣᬫ (pratama)


atwas

Javanese: ꦲꦠꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (atos)

Affixed twas (“hardness; core, heart”) + a-


saṅu

Javanese: ꦱꦔꦸ (sangu)
→ Indonesian: sangu

→ Balinese: ᬲᬗᬸ (sangu)

>? Sundanese: ᮞᮍᮥ (sangu)


aṅduk

Affixed duk (“thrust, stab”) + (m)aN- (“active verbal prefix”). Doublet of anduk.


anduk

Affixed duk (“thrust, stab”) + (m)aN- (“active verbal prefix”). Doublet of aṅduk.


pĕpĕt

desctree

Javanese: ꦥꦼꦥꦼꦠ꧀ (pepet)
→ Malay: pepet
→ Indonesian: pepet

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *petpet (“sealed, leak-proof”).


bĕḍah

desctree

Javanese: ꦧꦼꦝꦃ (bedhah)
→ Malay: bedah
Indonesian: bedah

→ Balinese: ᬩᭂᬥᬄ (bedah)

Probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀəq (doublet of barah), from Proto-Austronesian *baʀəq (“abscess, boil, swelling on the body”).


aböh

desctree

Javanese: ꦲꦧꦸꦃ (abuh)
→ Indonesian: abuh


böh

Javanese: ꦧꦸꦃ (buh)

Probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀəq, from Proto-Austronesian *baʀəq (“abscess, boil, swelling on the body”).


katwaṅ

Affixed twaṅ, toṅ (“reverence, respect, awe”) + ka-.


dyah

Javanese: ꦢꦾꦃ (dyah)

Probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(si-)ia, from Proto-Austronesian *(si-)ia.


ĕmpu

Javanese: ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦸ (empu)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *empu. Cognate with Toba Batak ompu, Malay perempuan.


krĕṇḍa

Borrowed from Sanskrit करण्ड (karaṇḍa, “bamboo box”).


ĕban

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *həban, from Proto-Austronesian *SəbaN (“carry a child with a carrying cloth”).


hĕmban

desctree

Javanese: ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦤ꧀ (emban)
→ Indonesian: emban (semantic loan)

Affixed ĕban (“box, case, casket”) + -um-.


ĕmpal

Javanese: ꦲꦼꦩ꧀ꦥꦭ꧀ (empal)
→ Indonesian: empal


antĕṅ

Javanese: ꦲꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦁ (anteng)
→ Indonesian: anteng


baśa

Alternative spelling of waśa (“power, force; dominion”)


bañak

Javanese: ꦧꦚꦏ꧀ (banyak)

Compare to Middle Chinese 鴻雁 (ɦuŋ ŋˠanᴴ).


ḍuhur

Javanese: ꦝꦸꦮꦸꦂ (dhuwur)


wāla

> Javanese: ꦮꦭ (wala) (inherited)


dwalapan

Compound ḍo (“two”) + lapan (“something taken”), literally “two subtracted (from ten)”.


riṅgit

Javanese: ꦫꦶꦁꦒꦶꦠ꧀ (ringgit)

Affixed gigit (“to bite”) + -in- (“passive voice”) + -er-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gitgit (“to nibble, chew at”).


pālapa

Affixed alap (“to take; to fetch; to seize; to win”) + pa- + -a (“irrealis mood suffix”).


pālapa

→ Indonesian: palapa (learned)


mās

Several etymologies have been proposed:
* From Sanskrit माष (māṣa, “particular weight of gold”). Compare to Bengali মাস্ (maś).
* From Pre-Angkorian Old Khmer mās ~ mas (“gold”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *jmaas, an infixed form of *jaas (“to shine”). Compare Old Mon yimās (“shining (gold)”) and yās (“dawn; to shine”).


mās

Javanese: ꦩꦱ꧀ (mas), ꦲꦼꦩꦱ꧀ (emas)


dāya

Alternative spelling of daya, dāya, deya


darya

Borrowed from Sanskrit हृदय (hṛdaya). Doublet of daya and hṛdaya.


hṛdaya

desc

> Javanese: ꦲꦽꦢꦪ (hredaya), ꦮꦂꦢꦪ (wardaya), ꦢꦪ (daya) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬳᬺᬤᬬ (hredaya)

Borrowed from Sanskrit हृदय (hṛdaya). Doublet of daya and darya.


māṅsa

Javanese: ꦩꦁꦱ (mangsa)

→ Balinese: ᬫᬵᬗ᭄ᬲ (mangsa), ᬫᬗ᭄ᬲ (mangsa)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *mems-
Proto-Indo-European *mḗmsder.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *māmsám
Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa)bor.
Old Javanese māṅsa
Borrowed from Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa, “flesh”).


alwat

Affixed lwat (“sinewy (wiry); tendon, sinew, muscle”) + a- (“adjective form prefix”). Doublet of alot.

af

tenacious, stubborn, steadfast, unremitting


lanaṅ

desctree

Javanese: ꦭꦤꦁ (lanang)
→ Indonesian: lanang
→ Musi: lanang

→ Balinese: ᬮᬦᬂ (lanang)

Unknown, probably affixed lan, len, lyan (“other, different”) + -(a)ṅ (“definite article”), literally “the others; the different one”.


wĕnaṅ

Javanese: ꦮꦼꦤꦁ (wenang)

→ Indonesian: wenang

Unknown, probably related to
* *hwan, wan, *on (“herd”),
* wana, wahana (“vehicle or conveyance”).
* kwan, kon (“to order”)

to have within one's reach or power, be able to, be capable of, have a right to, be entitled to, have authority


wĕnaṅ

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *benaŋ, *banaeŋ.


unaṅ

desctree

⇒ Javanese: ꦠꦸꦤꦁ (tunang)
→ Malay: tunang
Indonesian: tunang


bhāgya

> Javanese: ꦧꦼꦗ (beja) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: bejo

desc

> Javanese: ꦧꦒꦾ (bagya), ꦧꦼꦒ꧀ꦗ (begja) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬪᬵᬕ᭄ᬬ (bagia)


abāṅ

Javanese: ꦲꦧꦁ (abang)


ṅwaṅ

Javanese: ꦲꦺꦚꦺꦴꦁ (ènyong), ꦲꦶꦚꦺꦴꦁ (inyong)

Unknown, probably affixed wwang (“man, person, human being; attendant, servant”) + (m)aN-. Probably cognate of Khmer ខ្ញុំ (khñom, “I, my, me”, literally “servant, slave”) and Khmer ញោម (ñoom, “you, your”).

cog

I, my, me (first person personal pronoun)


iṅoṅ

Alternative spelling of ṅwaṅ (“I, my, me (first person personal pronoun)”)


bāṅ

Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *rɔɔŋ, *ɟrɔɔŋ (“red”).

der

*rɔɔŋ, *ɟrɔɔŋ


bāṅ

Javanese: ꦧꦁ (bang)

*rɔɔŋ, *ɟrɔɔŋ


ḍusun

desc

Javanese: ꦝꦸꦱꦸꦤ꧀ (dhusun), ꦢꦸꦱꦸꦤ꧀ (dusun)

→ Balinese: ᬤᬸᬲᬸᬦ᭄ (dusun)


wasthā

Alternative spelling of awasthā (“condition, state; circumstance, fate; course”)


awasthā

Borrowed from Sanskrit अवस्था (avasthā, “state, situation”).


layaṅ

Javanese: ꦭꦪꦁ (layang)

Unknown, probably Proto-Mon-Khmer *slaʔ (“leaf”).


wastha

Javanese: ꦮꦱ꧀ꦠ (wasta)

→ Balinese: ᬯᬲ᭄ᬢ (wasta)

Back-formation from wasthā, awasthā (“state, condition; circumstance, fate; course”), borrowed from Sanskrit अवस्था (avasthā, “state, situation”).


sĕrat

desctree

Javanese: ꦱꦼꦫꦠ꧀ (serat)
→ Indonesian: serat

Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *caat (“to comb”) (compare to Khmer សិត (sət, “to comb”)).


srĕt

Javanese: ꦱꦼꦉꦠ꧀ (seret)
→ Indonesian: sêrêt


cāraka

Javanese: ꦕꦫꦏ (caraka)
→ Indonesian: caraka

→ Balinese: ᬘᬭᬓ (caraka)

Borrowed from Sanskrit चारक (cāraka, “spy; associate, companion”).


wās

> Javanese: ꦮꦱ꧀ (was) (inherited)

Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *waas (“(to make an) opening, (clear a) path”).


traṅ

Unknown, probably affixed *raṅ + ta-, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *raaŋʔ (“light, to shine”) (compare Vietnamese rạng (“to dawn; be brightened, be lightened”), Khmer ស្រាង (sraang, “to glimmer”)).


traṅ

> Javanese: ꦠꦼꦫꦁ (terang) (inherited)

desctree

>? Malay: terang
> Indonesian: terang (inherited)
→ Iban: terang
→ West Makian: terang


awās

> Javanese: ꦲꦮꦱ꧀ (awas) (inherited)

>? Malay: awas

> Indonesian: awas (inherited)

Affixed wās (“clear”) + a- (“adjective forming”).


martya

Borrowed from Sanskrit मर्त्य (martya, “mortal”).


kaṇṭi

desctree

> Javanese: ꦏꦤ꧀ꦛꦶ (kanthi) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: kanti

Probably from Sanskrit कान्ता (kāntā, “wife”), कान्त (kānta, “beloved”).


wutuh

> Javanese: ꦮꦸꦠꦸꦃ (wutuh) (inherited)

>? Javanese: ꦧꦸꦠꦸꦃ (butuh)

Unknown, cognate of Malay utuh, Indonesian utuh.


cupu

> Javanese: ꦕꦸꦥꦸ (cupu) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: cupu

Borrowed from Malay cepu, from Tamil செப்பு (ceppu).


maṇḍiri

> Javanese: ꦩꦤ꧀ꦝꦶꦫꦶ (mandhiri) (inherited)
→ Malay: mandiri
Indonesian: mandiri

Affixed ḍiri + (m)aN-. Doublet of aṅḍiri and aṇḍiri.


reñcaṅ

desc

> Javanese: ꦫꦺꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ (réncang) (inherited)


rĕñcaṅ

> Javanese: ꦉꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ (rencang) (inherited)

→ Indonesian: rêncang (learned)


prapañca

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रपञ्च (prapañca, “visible world; error, fraud”).


wallī

Borrowed from Sanskrit वल्ली (vallī, “creeper”).


wwat

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buhat. Doublet of bwat.


dānta

→ Balinese: ᬤᬵᬦ᭄ᬢ (danta)

Borrowed from Sanskrit दान्त (dānta, “tamed, docile”).


aḍaṅ

desctree

> Javanese: ꦲꦢꦁ (adang) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: adang


haḍaṅ

> Javanese: ꦲꦝꦁ (adhang) (inherited)

>? Malay: adang, hadang

> Indonesian: adang, hadang (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qadaŋ (“to block, obstruct a path; ambush”).


aḍĕm

desctree

>? Javanese: ꦲꦝꦼꦩ꧀ (adhem)
→ Betawi: adem
→ Indonesian: adêm

Affixed ḍĕm, ḍöm (“still, not moving”) + a-.


griṅ

> Javanese: ꦒꦼꦫꦶꦁ (gering) (inherited)

>? Malay: gering
> Indonesian: gering (inherited)


dĕmak

> Javanese: ꦢꦼꦩꦏ꧀ (demak) (inherited)


cūta

Borrowed from Pali cuta (“fallen”), from Sanskrit च्युत् (cyut, “to flow, trickle, ooze; to fall down”).


cūta

> Javanese: ꦕꦸꦠ (cuta) (inherited)


kaṭah

desctree

> Javanese: ꦏꦛꦃ (kathah) (inherited)
→ Musi: (bebaso) kata

→ Balinese: ᬓᬝᬄ (katah)


akweh

> Javanese: ꦲꦏꦺꦃ (akèh) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬳᬓᬾᬄ (akéh)

Affixed kweh (“number, amount, great number”) + a-.


gañjur

desctree

> Javanese: ꦒꦚ꧀ꦗꦸꦂ (ganjur) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: ganjur

→ Balinese: ᬕᬜ᭄ᬚᬸᬃ (ganjur)


kontā

> Javanese: ꦏꦸꦤ꧀ꦠ (kunta) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit कुन्त (kunta, “spear”).


ĕṇḍas

desc

> Javanese: ꦲꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦱ꧀ (endhas) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬳᭂᬡ᭄ᬟᬲ᭄ (endas)


ḍāha

Alternative spelling of ḍāha, kaḍāha, kaḍāhaka (“foothill, piedmont”)


kahuripan

> Javanese: ꦏꦲꦸꦫꦶꦥꦤ꧀ (kauripan) (inherited)

desctree

> Javanese: ꦏꦺꦴꦫꦶꦥꦤ꧀ (koripan) (inherited)
→ Malay: kuripan


kaḍāhaka

Unknown, probably Borrowed from Prakrit kaḍāha (“iron vessel, cauldron”) + Sanskrit -क (-ka, “diminutive masculine nominal suffix”), from Sanskrit कटाहक (kaṭāhaka, “caldron, pan, pot”).


pajaṅ

Unknown, probably affixed *jaṅ + pa-, derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer *raaŋʔ (“light, to shine”) (compare to Khmer ស្រាង (sraang, “to glimmer”), Vietnamese rạng (“to dawn”), and Chinese 亮 (liàng, “bright; brilliant; radiant; loud and clear”)). Doublet of paḍaṅ.


pajaṅ

> Javanese: ꦥꦗꦁ (pajang) (inherited)


cĕmĕṭi

desc

> Javanese: ꦕꦼꦩꦼꦛꦶ (cemethi) (inherited)

Borrowed from Tamil சம்மட்டி (cammaṭṭi, “horse-whip, large hammer”). Doublet of camĕṭi.


camĕṭi

Borrowed from Tamil சம்மட்டி (cammaṭṭi, “horse-whip, large hammer”). Doublet of cĕmĕṭi.


cāmara

desc

> Javanese: ꦕꦩꦫ (camara), ꦕꦼꦩꦫ (cemara) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit चामर (cāmara, “chowrie”), चमर (camara, “yak”).


kārya

desctree

> Javanese: ꦏꦂꦪ (karya) (inherited)
→ Malay: karya
> Indonesian: karya (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬓᬃᬬ (karya)

Borrowed from Sanskrit कार्य (kārya, “deed”).


ḍaḍar

desc

> Javanese: ꦝꦝꦂ (dhadhar), ꦢꦢꦂ (dadar) (inherited) (see there for further descendants)


amuhun

> Javanese: ꦚꦸꦮꦸꦤ꧀ (nyuwun) (inherited)

>? Malay: mohon

> Indonesian: mohon (inherited)

Affixed
* puhun + (m)aN- or
* suhun (“to ask respectfully”) + (m)aN-. Doublet of anuhun.


dālima

> Javanese: ꦢ꧀ꦭꦶꦩ (dlima) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit दालिम (dālima, “pomegranate”).


sinuhun

desctree

> Javanese: ꦱꦶꦤꦸꦲꦸꦤ꧀ (sinuhun) (inherited)
→ Malay: sinuhun, senuhun
> Indonesian: sinuhun (inherited)

to pay homage, to accept respectfully, to ask respectfully


daśa

> Javanese: ꦢꦱ (dasa) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬤᬰ (dasa)

Borrowed from Sanskrit दश (daśa, “ten”).


dāśa

> Javanese: ꦢꦱ (dasa) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬤᬵᬰ (dasa)


kāśa

→ Balinese: ᬓᬲ (kasa)

Borrowed from Sanskrit काश (kāśa, “wild sugarcane, kans grass”).

bor+

Saccharum spontaneum
Saccharum spontaneum#Translingual

(botany) wild sugarcane, kans grass (Saccharum spontaneum).


jyeṣṭha

> Javanese: ꦢꦺꦱ꧀ꦠ (désta) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit ज्येष्ठ (jyeṣṭha).


jyeṣṭha

→ Balinese: ᬚᬶᬬᬾᬱ᭄ᬞ (Jiyestha)

Alternative spelling of jyaiṣṭha (“a month of the lunar calendar”)


lawā

> Javanese: ꦭꦮ (lawa) (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kula-la(m)baR (“bat”), from Proto-Austronesian *lawaR (“flying squirrel”). Compare to Balinese ᬮᬯᬄ (lawah, “bat”).


śilpin

→ Indonesian: silpin (learned)

Borrowed from Sanskrit शिल्पिन् (śilpin, “artisan, craftsman”).


susuhunan

desc

> Javanese: ꦱꦸꦱꦸꦲꦸꦤꦤ꧀ (susuhunan) (inherited)

af

Reduplication of <i class="Latn mention" lang="kaw">suhun</i>


aṅĕn

> Javanese: ꦲꦔꦼꦤ꧀ (angen) (inherited)

desctree

→ Malay: angan
> Indonesian: angan (inherited)
→ Javanese: ꦲꦔꦤ꧀ (angan)

→ Balinese: ᬳᬗᭂᬦ᭄ (angen)

→ Sundanese: ᮃᮍᮨᮔ᮪ (angen)

→ Indonesian: angan (learned)


tuṅkas

desc

> Javanese: ꦠꦸꦁꦏꦱ꧀ (tungkas) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬢᬸᬗ᭄ᬓᬲ᭄ (tungkas)


hundaṅ

Javanese: ꦲꦸꦤ꧀ꦢꦁ (undang)


mātra

> Javanese: ꦩꦠꦿ (matra) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬫᬢ᭄ᬭ (matra)

Borrowed from Sanskrit मात्रा (mātrā, “measure”).


joṅ

desctree

> Javanese: ꦗꦺꦴꦁ (jong) (inherited)
→ English: djong
→ Malay: jong
> Indonesian: jung (inherited)
→ Arabic: جُنْك (junk)
→ Dutch: jonk, djonk
→ Portuguese: junco, junquo, jungo
→ English: junk
→ Italian: giunco, giunca, giunchi (plural), giunche (plural), zonchi (plural)
→ French: jonque
→ German: Junke, Juncke, Dschunke
→ Latin: junkus, iunca, iuncus
→ Dutch: ionco, iunco
→ Italian: ioncque
→ French: ionct
→ Spanish: iuncque
→ Spanish: junco, juanga, joanga

Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *d₂luuŋ ~ *d₂luŋ ~ *d₂luəŋ ~ *d₂ləŋ (“boat”).


lwah

> Javanese: ꦭꦺꦴꦃ (loh) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬮᬸᬯᬄ (luah)

→ Indonesian: luah (learned)

Unknown, probably Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruŋ, *ruuŋ, *ruəŋ (“channel, river”)


luwĕs

desctree

> Javanese: ꦭꦸꦮꦼꦱ꧀ (luwes) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: luwês

→ Balinese: ᬮᬸᬯᭂᬲ᭄ (lues)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *luas (“outside; spacious; roomy”). Doublet of lwā.


lwā

> Javanese: ꦭ꧀ꦮ (lwa) (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *luas (“outside; spacious; roomy”). Doublet of luwĕs.


kidaṅ

desctree

> Javanese: ꦏꦶꦢꦁ (kidang) (inherited)
→ English: kidang

>? Malay: kijang
> Indonesian: kijang (inherited)
→ Chinese: 棋樟山 (Qízhāng Shān)

Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *jəŋ (“deer, venison”).


bāndhawa

> Javanese: ꦮꦤ꧀ꦢꦮ (wandawa) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit बान्धव (bāndhava, “relative”).


rājya

>? Javanese: ꦫꦢꦾ (radya)

Borrowed from Sanskrit राज्य (rājya, “state; government”).


rudhira

desc

> Javanese: ꦫꦸꦢꦶꦫ (rudira), ꦭꦸꦢꦶꦫ (ludira) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬭᬸᬥᬶᬭ (rudira)

Borrowed from Sanskrit रुधिर (rudhira, “blood”).


yakti

Alternative spelling of wyakti (“evidence, proof, clarification, explanation”)


wyakti

desc

> Javanese: ꦪꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ (yakti), ꦪꦼꦏ꧀ꦠꦶ (yekti) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit व्यक्ति (vyakti, “manifestation”).


kūla

Borrowed from Sanskrit कूल (kūla, “mound”).


praṇawa

> Javanese: ꦥꦿꦤꦮ (pranawa) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रणव (praṇava, “mystical or sacred syllable om”).


adhyakṣa

desctree

> Javanese: ꦗꦏ꧀ꦱ (jaksa) (inherited)
→ Min Nan: 若卅
→ Indonesian: jaksa
→ Malay: jaksa

Borrowed from Sanskrit अध्यक्ष (adhyakṣa, “inspector, chairperson”).


lakṣaṇa

> Javanese: ꦭꦏ꧀ꦱꦤ (laksana) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬮᬓ᭄ᬱᬡ (laksana)

→ Indonesian: laksana (learned)


śrī

> Javanese: ꦱꦿꦶ (sri) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬰ᭄ᬭᬶ (sri)


widyā

Borrowed from Sanskrit विद्या (vidyā, “knowledge; science”).


widyā

> Javanese: ꦮꦶꦢꦾ (widya) (inherited)


kṛti

desc

> Javanese: ꦏꦂꦠꦶ (karti), ꦏꦼꦂꦠꦶ (kerti) (inherited)


krīḍā

desctree

> Javanese: ꦏꦿꦶꦝ (kridha) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: krida

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्रीडा (krīḍā, “game; sport”).


mārdawa

> Javanese: ꦩꦂꦢꦮ (mardawa) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit मार्दव (mārdava, “softness, gentleness”).


yaśa

> Javanese: ꦪꦱ (yasa) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit यशस् (yaśas, “honour; worth”).

deed, merit, honour, renown, meritorious deed


ghāra

>? Javanese: ꦒꦂꦮ (garwa) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Sanskrit गृह (gṛha, “house, family, wife, assistant”).


citrā

Borrowed from Sanskrit चित्रा (citrā, “Spica”).


nitya

> Javanese: ꦤꦶꦠꦾ (nitya) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit नित्य (nitya, “constant; eternal”).


ḍara

desc

> Javanese: ꦝꦫ (dhara), ꦢꦫ (dara) (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daRa₂ (“maiden, virgin, unmarried girl”). Doublet of rara.


ḍara

Unknown, perhaps similar to previous etymology.


yātra

> Javanese: ꦪꦠꦿ (yatra) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit यात्रा (yātrā, “support of life; livelihood, maintenance”).


warṇa

> Javanese: ꦮꦂꦤ (warna) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬯᬃᬡ (warna)

Borrowed from Sanskrit वर्ण (varṇa, “paint, colour”).


paścima

desc

> Javanese: ꦥꦿꦕꦶꦩ (pracima), ꦥꦕꦶꦩ (pacima), ꦥꦱ꧀ꦕꦶꦩ (pascima) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit पश्चिम (paścima). Compare to Thai ประจิม (bprà-jim).


rowaṅ

desctree

> Javanese: ꦫꦺꦮꦁ (réwang) (inherited)
→ Malay: rewang

Compound of ro (“two”) + wwaṅ (“human being, man (woman), people; servant, attendant”).


turaga

Borrowed from Sanskrit तुरग (turaga, “horse”).


turaṅga

desctree

> Javanese: ꦠꦸꦫꦁꦒ (turangga) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: turangga

Borrowed from Sanskrit तुरङ्ग (turaṅga, “horse”).


dwīpāntara

Compound of dwīpa (“island”) + antara (“interval, interspace; other, another; whole area”).


dwipa

Borrowed from Sanskrit द्विप (dvipa, “elephant”).


śapatha

desc

> Javanese: ꦱꦥꦠ (sapata), ꦱꦼꦥꦠ (sepata), ꦱꦸꦥꦠ (supata), ꦱꦸꦥꦲꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (supaos) (inherited)

→ Balinese: sepata

Borrowed from Sanskrit शपथ (śapatha, “oath, vow; swear; scolding, curse; ordeal; reviling, anathema”).


śwāna

> Javanese: ꦱꦺꦴꦤ (sona) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit श्वान (śvāna, “dog”).


dwīpa

> Javanese: ꦢ꧀ꦮꦶꦥ (dwipa) (inherited)

desc

ᬤ᭄ᬯᬷᬧ, ᬤ᭄ᬯᬶᬧ

→ Balinese: ᬤ᭄ᬯᬷᬧ, ᬤ᭄ᬯᬶᬧ (dwipa)

Borrowed from Sanskrit द्वीप (dvīpa, “island”). Doublet of dīpa.


cĕṭṭa

>? Javanese: ꦕꦼꦛ (cetha)

→ Balinese: ᬘᭂᬝ᭄ᬝ (ceta)

Unknown, probably from Sanskrit छात्त्र (chāttra, “scholar; pupil”), छत्त्र (chattra, “teacher”, literally “shelter; parasol, umbrella”). Sound change probably were influenced by Pali chatta (“parasol”), Prakrit chatta (“parasol”).


luṅhā

> Javanese: ꦭꦸꦔ (lunga) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬮᬸᬗ (lunga)

Unknown, probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *luqaR (“outside, wide open spaces; loose”).


ḍapur

> Javanese: ꦝꦥꦸꦂ (dhapur) (inherited)

→ Indonesian: dapur (learned)

Unknown, probably inherited from Proto-Austronesian *-puk (“cluster, group”).


raśmi

> Javanese: ꦫꦱ꧀ꦩꦶ (rasmi) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬭᬰ᭄ᬫᬶ (rasmi)

bliss, amorous pleasure, love-making, sexual intercourse


wāhu

> Javanese: ꦮꦲꦸ (wau) (inherited)

desc

⇒ Javanese: ꦮꦲꦺ (waé), ꦧꦲꦺ (baé), ꦲꦲꦺ (aé)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)baqəʀu, from Proto-Austronesian *(ma-)baqəʀuh.


taṅhi

> Javanese: ꦠꦔꦶ (tangi) (inherited)

Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₂ŋiiʔ (“sun, day”) (compare to Khmer ថ្ងៃ (thngay, “day”)).


dawā

> Javanese: ꦢꦮ (dawa) (inherited)

Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *wah ~ *lwah (“wide”).


tĕtĕs

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *-tes (“tear, rip”). Doublet of tatas.


tĕtĕs

> Javanese: ꦠꦼꦠꦼꦱ꧀ (tetes) (inherited)

penetrating, breaking through, coming out, hatching


ḍahar

> Javanese: ꦝꦲꦂ (dhahar) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬤᬳᬃ (daar)

>? Sundanese: ᮓᮠᮁ (dahar)


wañcak

> Javanese: ꦲꦚ꧀ꦕꦏ꧀ (ancak) (inherited)


rañcaṅ

> Javanese: ꦫꦚ꧀ꦕꦁ (rancang) (inherited)

Derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer *rcaŋ (“to prick, to pierce, to insert; rack, framework”).


paḍaṅ

> Javanese: ꦥꦝꦁ (padhang) (inherited)

Affixed *ḍaṅ + pa-, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *raaŋʔ (“light, to shine”). Doublet of pajaṅ.


liṇḍū

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *linduʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *linuʀ. Compare to Tagalog lindol.


liṇḍū

> Javanese: ꦭꦶꦤ꧀ꦝꦸ (lindhu) (inherited)


prabhā

desctree

> Javanese: ꦥꦿꦧ (praba) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: praba

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रभा (prabhā, “illumination”).


prabhāwa

desctree

> Javanese: ꦥꦿꦧꦮ (prabawa) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: perbawa

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रभाव (prabhāva, “importance; greatness; prowess; influence; impact”).


panĕmbahan

desctree

> Javanese: ꦥꦤꦼꦩ꧀ꦧꦲꦤ꧀ (panembahan) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: panembahan


kaharṣa

> Javanese: ꦏꦂꦱ (karsa), ꦏꦼꦂꦱ (kersa), ꦏꦂꦰ (karsa) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: karsa
→ Sundanese: ᮊᮨᮁᮞ (kersa)

Affixed arṣa, harṣa (“joy, pleasure, delight; desire, love; glad, pleased, delighted”) + ka-.


karṇa

> Javanese: ꦏꦂꦤ (karna) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬓᬃᬡ (karna)

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्ण (karṇa, “ear”).


harṣa

Borrowed from Sanskrit हर्ष (harṣa, “joy, pleasure, happiness; bristling; erection; ardent desire”).


harṣa

> Javanese: ꦲꦂꦱ (arsa) (inherited)


rampuṅ

desctree

> Javanese: ꦫꦩ꧀ꦥꦸꦁ (rampung) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: rampung

cut off, broken off, snapped off, truncated


gĕlis

> Javanese: ꦒꦼꦭꦶꦱ꧀ (gelis) (inherited)

Unknown, probably from Proto-Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-qiliR (“flow down, downstream”), Proto-Austronesian *-liR.


bhāwanā

Borrowed from Sanskrit भावना (bhāvanā, “meditation”).


turū

> Javanese: ꦠꦸꦫꦸ (turu) (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuduʀ, compare Tagalog tulog.


tumpaṅ

desc

> Javanese: ꦠꦸꦩ꧀ꦥꦁ (tumpang) (inherited)

desctree

> Javanese: ꦠꦸꦩ꧀ꦥꦼꦁ (tumpeng) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: tumpeng

→ Malay: tumpang

> Indonesian: tumpang (inherited)

→ Tagalog: tumpang

Unknown
* Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumpang (“to carry something above one another”).
* *paṅ + -um- + ta-, from Proto-Bahnaric *paṅ (“above, over”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *luəŋ, *luŋ (“above, on”).


sumaṅga

desc

> Javanese: ꦱꦸꦩꦔ꧀ꦒ (sumangga), ꦩꦔ꧀ꦒ (mangga) (inherited)

to support, to bear, to lift, to hold up.


wiyoga

Borrowed from Sanskrit वियोग (viyoga, “subtraction; separation; division; disjunction”).


wiyoga

> Javanese: ꦮꦶꦪꦺꦴꦒ (wiyoga) (inherited)


siyaṅ

desctree

> Javanese: ꦱꦶꦪꦁ (siyang) (inherited)
→ Malay: siang
> Indonesian: siang (inherited)

Unknown, probably hyaṅ (“god, goddess, deified being, divinity”) + si-.


wyādhi

Borrowed from Sanskrit व्याधि (vyādhi, “disorder, disease, ailment, plague”).


abhiṣeka

desctree

> Javanese: ꦲꦧꦶꦱꦺꦏ (abiséka) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: abiseka

Borrowed from Sanskrit अभिषेक (abhiṣeka).

bor+

Alternative spelling of abhiṣekanāma (“consecration name”)


sontĕn

desc

> Javanese: ꦱꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (sonten) (inherited)


gaṅsal

desctree

> Javanese: ꦒꦁꦱꦭ꧀ (gangsal) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: gangsal
→ Musi: (bebaso) gangsal


maṇḍĕg

desc

> Javanese: ꦩꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦒ꧀ (mandheg) (inherited)

to come to a standstill, to halt, to stop


aṇḍĕg

> Javanese: ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦒ꧀ (andheg) (inherited)


gañja

> Javanese: ꦒꦚ꧀ꦗ (ganja) (inherited) (see there for further descendants)


jawadah

> Javanese: ꦗꦸꦮꦢꦃ (juwadah), ꦗꦢꦃ (jadah) (inherited)

(cooking) a snack made from sticky rice.


surabhi

desctree

>? Javanese: ꦱꦿꦧꦶ (srabi)
→ Indonesian: serabi

Borrowed from Sanskrit सुरभि (surabhi, “fragrant”).


aśrī

desctree

> Javanese: ꦲꦱꦿꦶ (asri, “good; beautiful; pleasing”) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: asri (“beautiful”)

śrī (“splendour, radiance, beauty”) + a-


pĕcĕl

desctree

> Javanese: ꦥꦼꦕꦼꦭ꧀ (pecel) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: pecel

(cooking) a traditional Javanese salad with peanut sauce, usually eaten with carbs (steamed rice, lontong or ketupat).


antĕp

> Javanese: ꦲꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦥ꧀ (antep) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: antep
→ Malay: انتڤ (antap)
> Indonesian: antap (inherited)
→ Minangkabau:
> Indonesian: antap (inherited)

tap (“proper arrangement, right order”) + (m)aN-


śūra

Borrowed from Sanskrit शूर (śūra, “strong, powerful, valiant, heroic, brave”).


śūra

> Javanese: ꦱꦸꦫ (sura) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬰᬹᬭ (sura)


pantĕn

desc

<i class="Latn mention" lang="ms">pentan</i>

→ Malay: ڤنتن (pentan)


bhāṇḍa

desctree

> Javanese: ꦧꦤ꧀ꦝ (bandha) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: banda, bandha

→ Balinese: ᬪᬵᬡ᭄ᬥ (banda)

Borrowed from Sanskrit भाण्ड (bhāṇḍa, “good”).


kaṇḍaṅ

desc

> Javanese: ꦏꦤ꧀ꦝꦁ (kandhang) (inherited)

Unknown, probably affixed aṇḍa (“egg”) + ka- + -aṅ (“definite article”).


galadag

desc

> Javanese: ꦒ꧀ꦭꦝꦒ꧀ (gladhag) (inherited)

→ Malay: geladak

> Indonesian: geladak (inherited)


daluwaṅ

desctree

> Javanese: ꦢ꧀ꦭꦸꦮꦁ (dluwang) (inherited)
→ English: daluwang, dluwang
→ Indonesian: deluang

→ Indonesian: daluang (learned)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaluang.


lĕbĕt

> Javanese: ꦊꦧꦼꦠ꧀ (lebet) (inherited)


lĕbū

> Javanese: ꦊꦧꦸ (lebu) (inherited)

Unknown. Doublet of lĕbur (“destroyed, annihilated, wiped out, melted, dissolved”, literally “turned into dust”).


lĕbu

> Javanese: ꦊꦧꦸ (lebu) (inherited)


iṣṭakā

Borrowed from Sanskrit इष्टका (iṣṭakā, “block; brick”). Doublet of wiṣṭaka.


bhaṭa

desc

→ Balinese: ᬪᬝ (bata, “servant; soldier”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit भट (bhaṭa, “a mercenary, hired soldier, warrior, combatant; a servant, slave”).


wiṣṭaka

Borrowed from Sanskrit इष्टका (iṣṭakā, “block; brick”). Doublet of iṣṭakā.


baṭaṅ

> Javanese: ꦧꦛꦁ (bathang) (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bataŋ. Doublet of wataṅ.


wataṅ

> Javanese: ꦮꦠꦁ (watang) (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bataŋ. Doublet of baṭaṅ.


waṭa

Borrowed from Sanskrit वट (vaṭa, “Indian fig-tree”).


bataṅ

> Javanese: ꦧꦠꦁ (batang) (inherited)


wāta

> Javanese: ꦮꦠ (wata) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit वात (vāta, “wind, air”).


kuruṅ

> Javanese: ꦏꦸꦫꦸꦁ (kurung) (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuruŋ.


rantas

desctree

> Javanese: ꦫꦤ꧀ꦠꦱ꧀ (rantas) (inherited)
→ Malay: rantas, rentas
→ Indonesian: rantas

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qantas (“cut through”), compare Proto-Austronesian *-tas (“cut through, sever; rip”).


pĕḍaṅ

> Javanese: ꦥꦼꦝꦁ (pedhang) (inherited)

Probably mutation of paraṅ (“rock, crag”), from Proto-Austronesian *-Raŋ (“clanging”). Doublet of paraṅ.


paraṅ

desc

> Javanese: ꦥꦫꦁ (parang), ꦥꦝꦁ (padhang) (inherited)


kasep

desctree

> Javanese: ꦏꦱꦺꦥ꧀ (kasèp) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: kasip


wĕlas

> Javanese: ꦮꦼꦭꦱ꧀ (welas) (inherited)


wĕlas

> Javanese: -ꦭꦱ꧀ (-las) (inherited)


pañji

> Javanese: ꦥꦚ꧀ꦗꦶ (panji) (inherited)
→ Malay: panji (“banner”)
> Indonesian: panji (inherited)
→ Tausug: panji
→ Indonesian: panji (“a Javanese noble rank; a genre of Indonesian heroic and noble story”)

Probably from Sanskrit पञ्जी (pañjī, “register”).


yogya

> Javanese: ꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾ (yogya) (inherited)
→ Malay: يوݢيا (yogia)
> Indonesian: yogia (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit योग्य (yogya, “fit for the yoke; useful, serviceable, proper, fit or qualified for”).


biṣa

desctree

> Javanese: ꦧꦶꦱ (bisa), ꦲꦶꦱ (isa) (inherited)
→ Peranakan Indonesian: iso
→ Malay: bisa
> Indonesian: bisa (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit विष (viṣa, “poison”). Doublet of wiṣa, biṣa, and bisa.


kawaca

> Javanese: ꦏꦮꦕ (kawaca) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit कवच (kavaca, “armour”).


wiṣa

Borrowed from Sanskrit विष (viṣa). Doublet of wiṣa, biṣa, and bisa.


wiṣa

> Javanese: ꦮꦶꦱ (wisa) (inherited)


birū

> Javanese: ꦧꦶꦫꦸ (biru) (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(ma-)biʀaw.


tuṇḍa

desctree

> Javanese: ꦠꦸꦤ꧀ꦝ (tundha) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: tunda

intermediate step, intermediate, means to reach


wṛddhi

Borrowed from Sanskrit वृद्धि (vṛddhi, “growth, increase, augmentation, prolongation; advancement, prosperity, welfare, happiness; gain, profit; elevation (of the ground); swelling”).


wṛddhi

growth, increase, prosperity, luxuriant blossoming, burning high


arthi

Borrowed from Sanskrit अर्थिन् (arthin, “suppliant”).


arthi

desctree

> Javanese: ꦲꦂꦠꦶ (arti) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: arti

Javanese: ꦲꦼꦂꦠꦶ (erti), ꦉꦠꦶ (reti)

>? Malay: erti, reti (informal)
> Indonesian: erti (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit अर्थ (artha, “meaning, wealth”). Doublet of artha (“aim, purpose; material progress; wealth, possessions; money; sense, meaning”).


taraju

> Javanese: ꦠꦿꦗꦸ (traju) (inherited)

Borrowed from Persian ترازو (tarâzu, “balance, scales; equilibrium, balance”).


yakṣa

desc

> Javanese: ꦪꦏ꧀ꦱ (yaksa), ꦪꦼꦏ꧀ꦱ (yeksa) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit यक्ष (yakṣa, “yaksha”).


prākṛta

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्राकृत (prākṛta, “a provincial or vernacular dialect; an ordinary, common, low or vulgar man; original, natural”).


prakṛti

desctree

> Javanese: ꦥꦏꦼꦂꦠꦶ (pakerti) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: pekerti

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रकृति (prakṛti, “nature, character, constitution, temper, disposition”).


prakāśa

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रकाश (prakāśa, “visible, shining, bright; manifest, public; universally noted, famous; clearness, brightness, splendour; publicity, fame”). Doublet of prakosa.


prakāśa

> Javanese: ꦥꦿꦏꦱ (prakasa) (inherited)


pratāpa

> Javanese: ꦥꦿꦠꦥ (pratapa) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रताप (pratāpa, “strength; bonanza; opulence, prosperity, wealth; heat-giver; scorcher”).

glowing heat, splendour, brilliance, glory, majesty, power, strength, energy


kāñcana

Borrowed from Sanskrit काञ्चन (kāñcana, “gold”)


kāñcana

desc

> Javanese: ꦏꦼꦚ꧀ꦕꦤ (kencana) (inherited)


wagu

desctree

> Javanese: ꦮꦒꦸ (wagu) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: wagu


wakta

> Javanese: ꦮꦏ꧀ꦠ (wakta) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit उक्त (ukta, “uttered, said, spoken; word, sentence”).


kacapuri

desctree

> Javanese: ꦏꦕꦥꦸꦫꦶ (kacapuri) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: kacapuri

desc

⇒ Javanese: ꦕꦥꦸꦫꦶ (capuri), ꦕꦼꦥꦸꦫꦶ (cepuri)

Compound of kaca (“glass”) + puri, purī (“castle; palace”).


wakṣa

> Javanese: ꦮꦏ꧀ꦱ (waksa) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit वक्षस् (vakṣas, “breast”).


warāha

> Javanese: ꦮꦫꦲ (waraha) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit वराह (varāha, “wild boar”).


wasāna

Alternative spelling of wasana, wasāna, awasāna (“end; result, issue”)


waruṅ

desctree

> Javanese: ꦮꦫꦸꦁ (warung) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: warung
→ Malay: واروڠ (warung)
→ Peranakan Indonesian: waroeng

Unknown, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ruuŋ (“unpartitioned building”).


wāsanā

the impression on the mind of acts done in a former state of existence


wāsana

Borrowed from Sanskrit वासन (vāsana, “steeping”).

bor+

particular posture during abstract meditation


awasāna

desctree

⇒ Javanese: ꦮꦱꦤ (wasana)
→ Indonesian: wasana

Borrowed from Sanskrit अवसान (avasāna, “end, finish, limit”).


waśeṣa

> Javanese: ꦮꦱꦺꦱ (wasésa) (inherited)


waśitā

supernatural power of subduing all to one's own will


wasita

> Javanese: ꦮꦱꦶꦠ (wasita) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit भाषित (bhāṣita, “speech; talk”).


wāsita

Borrowed from Sanskrit वासित (vāsita, “perfumed”).


akuwu

desctree

> Javanese: ꦲꦏꦸꦮꦸ (akuwu) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: akuwu

Affixed kuwu (“dwelling, housing, quarter, lodging; encampment, tent; residence; administrative division under a kuwu, akuwu; leader of such administrative division”) + a- (“active verb forming prefix”).


caraṅ

> Javanese: ꦕꦧꦁ (cabang) (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *cabaŋ (“bifurcation, forking”).


caḍaṅ

> Javanese: ꦕꦝꦁ (cadhang) (inherited)


komala

Borrowed from Sanskrit कोमल (komala, “tender, delicate, soft; gentle, charming, sweet”).


komala

desctree

> Javanese: ꦏꦺꦴꦩꦭ (komala), ꦏꦸꦩꦭ (kumala) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: kumala

>? Malay: kemala, gemala

> Indonesian: kemala (inherited)

Unknown, probably figurative sense of etymology 1.


sĕmut

> Javanese: ꦱꦼꦩꦸꦠ꧀ (semut) (inherited)

Derived from Proto-Austroasiatic *smuːcʔ (“ant”).


alöm

desctree

> Javanese: ꦲꦭꦸꦩ꧀ (alum) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: alum

Affixed löm (“withering”) + a- (“adjective forming”).


dhāraṇī

Borrowed from Sanskrit धारणी (dhāraṇī, “mystical verse or charm”).


dharaṇī

> Javanese: ꦝꦫꦤꦶ (dharani) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit धरणी (dharaṇī, “earth”).


malaṅ

> Javanese: ꦩꦭꦁ (malang) (inherited)


palaṅ

> Javanese: ꦥꦭꦁ (palang) (inherited)


pariwāra

desc

> Javanese: ꦥꦫꦶꦮꦫ (pariwara) (inherited) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Sanskrit परिवार (parivāra, “dependents, followers”).


aṣṭi

Borrowed from Sanskrit अष्टि (aṣṭi, “sixteen; reaching”).


patāka

> Javanese: ꦥꦠꦏ (pataka) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit पताक, पताका (patāka, patākā, “flag, banner”)


asthi

Borrowed from Sanskrit अस्थि (asthi, “bone”).


paṣṭi

desctree

> Javanese: ꦥꦱ꧀ꦛꦶ (pasthi) (inherited)
→ Malay: pasti
> Indonesian: pasti (inherited)

Unknown, probably from *aṣṭi + pa-, from Sanskrit अष्टि (aṣṭi, “a playing die”).


parīkṣa

desc

> Javanese: ꦥꦫꦶꦏ꧀ꦱ (pariksa) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit परीक्षा (parīkṣā, “inspection, investigation, examination, test, trial by ordeal”).

bor+

careful inspection, observation, examination


pātaka

Borrowed from Sanskrit पातक (pātaka, “crime, loss of caste”).


pātaka

> Javanese: ꦥꦠꦏ (pataka) (inherited)


alaṅ

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qalaŋ (“obstruct, lie across or athwart”).

inh+

Alternative spelling of halaṅ (“across”)


alaṅ

Alternative spelling of halaṅ (“weapon”)


halaṅ

> Javanese: ꦲꦭꦁ (alang) (inherited)


halaṅ

> Javanese: ꦲꦭꦁ (halang) (inherited)


kṣetra

desctree

> Javanese: ꦱꦺꦠꦿ (sétra) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: setra (“field”)

→ Balinese: ᬲᬾᬢ᭄ᬭ (setra)
→ Indonesian: setra (“graveyard, cemetery”)

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्षेत्र (kṣetra, “field”).


luṅsur

coming down, slipping down, sliding down


luṅsur

desctree

> Javanese: ꦭꦸꦁꦱꦸꦂ (lungsur), ꦭꦺꦴꦁꦱꦺꦴꦂ (longsor) (inherited)
→ Malay: لوڠسور (lungsur)
> Indonesian: lungsur (inherited)
→ Indonesian: longsor

to come down, to slide down, to slip down


ācārya

Borrowed from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya, “a spiritual guide or teacher”, literally “knowing or teaching the rules”). Doublet of ajar.


sĕnĕṅ

desctree

> Javanese: ꦱꦼꦤꦼꦁ (seneng) (inherited)
→ Peranakan Indonesian: seneng


santun

Affixed sāri (“quintessence; pollen, flower”) + -ntun.


santun

Affixed sari (“continuously, constantly, uninterruptedly, lastingly; day after day”) + -ntun.


saṅa

> Javanese: ꦱꦔ (sanga) (inherited)


taṭa

Borrowed from Sanskrit तट (taṭa, “bank; margin; slope”).


saṅā

> Javanese: ꦱꦔ (sanga) (inherited)


kĕtan

desctree

> Javanese: ꦏꦼꦠꦤ꧀ (ketan) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: ketan


cakĕp

>? Javanese: ꦕꦏꦼꦥ꧀ (cakep)
→ Indonesian: cakap (semantic loan)
→ Peranakan Indonesian: tjakap


ḍyam

> Javanese: ꦝꦶꦪꦼꦩ꧀ (dhiyem) (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hidəm.


lĕgi

> Javanese: ꦊꦒꦶ (legi) (inherited)


lāghawa

> Javanese: ꦊꦒꦮ (legawa) (inherited)

Borrowed from Sanskrit लाघव (lāghava, “smallness; lightness (also of heart), ease, relief”).


awitan

→ Indonesian: awitan (learned)

having a beginning or origin, making a start


raṇḍĕ

Ceiba pentandra
Ceiba pentandra#Translingual


sirikan

desc

> Javanese: ꦱꦶꦫꦶꦏꦤ꧀ (sirikan) (inherited)

mahāmantri i sirikan


umbah

> Javanese: ꦲꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦃ (umbah) (inherited)

Affixed *bah + -um-. Related to wāh (“flood”).


sirik

> Javanese: ꦱꦶꦫꦶꦏ꧀ (sirik) (inherited)

→ Indonesian: sirik


wāh

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bahaq, compare Malay bah.


wāh

> Javanese: ꦮꦃ (wah) (inherited)


rĕja

desc

> Javanese: ꦲꦂꦗ (arja), ꦉꦗ (reja) (inherited)

→ Balinese: ᬅᬃᬚ (arja)

Unknown, probably from Sanskrit ऋज् (ṛj, “to direct, to stretch”) or Sanskrit अर्ज् (arj, “to be of good health”, literally “to procure, acquire, obtain”).


kĕdö

> Javanese: ꦏꦼꦢꦃ (kedah) (inherited)

desctree

> Javanese: ꦏꦸꦢꦸ (kudu) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: kudu
→ Malay: کودو (kudu)

unremittingly, insistently, obstinately, unavoidably


muṣṭi

Borrowed from Sanskrit मुष्टि (muṣṭi, “fist, clenched hand; a handful, fistful; stealing; sword hilt; the penis”).


śiṣṭa

Borrowed from Sanskrit शिष्ट (śiṣṭa, “left; remaining”).


śiṣṭa

Borrowed from Sanskrit शिष्ट (śiṣṭa, “taught, directed, ordered, commanded; disciplined, cultured, educated, learned, wise; eminent, superior”).


sundĕl

desc

> Javanese: ꦱꦸꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦭ꧀ (sundel) (inherited)


maṅkat

desctree

> Javanese: ꦩꦁꦏꦠ꧀ (mangkat) (inherited)
→ Malay: mangkat
> Indonesian: mangkat (inherited)

Affixed aṅkat (“departure, getting up”) + ma-.


tumĕṅguṅ

> Javanese: ꦠꦸꦩꦼꦁꦒꦸꦁ (tumenggung), ꦠꦼꦩꦼꦁꦒꦸꦁ (temenggung) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: tumenggung
→ Malay: تمڠݢوڠ (temenggung)

Affixed taṅguṅ (“carrying, bearing, burden, load”) + -um-.


laṅgĕṅ

desctree

> Javanese: ꦭꦁꦒꦼꦁ (langgeng) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: langgeng

permanent, lasting, abiding, constant, firm


taṅguṅ

desc

> Javanese: ꦠꦁꦒꦸꦁ (tanggung) (inherited)

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋguŋ (“carry on a shoulder pole”).


chattra

> Javanese: ꦕꦠꦿ (catra) (inherited) (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Sanskrit छत्त्र (chattra, “parasol”).