dér

dér (nominative plural)
dér (nominative singular)
dér (dual nominative)
dér (nominative plural)
déra (nominative plural)
dér (singular vocative)
dér (dual vocative)
dér (plural vocative)
déra (plural vocative)
dér (accusative singular)
dér (accusative dual)
dér (accusative plural)
déra (accusative plural)
déir (genitive singular)
dér (dual genitive)
dér (genitive plural)
dér (dative singular)
déraib (dative dual)
déraib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: dér f

Irish: deoir

Scottish Gaelic: deur

Manx: jeir

From Proto-Celtic *dakrom, from Proto-Indo-European *dáḱru. Celtic cognates include Welsh deigryn and Cornish dager. More distant Indo-European relatives include Old Norse tár, Old Armenian արտասուք (artasukʻ), Ancient Greek δάκρυ (dákru), and Latin lacrima.


dér

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

third-person singular future/present subjunctive prototonic of do·éirig


od-

From Proto-Celtic *ud-, from Proto-Indo-European *úd.

Alternative form of uss- found before stops


cath

catho (genitive)
catha (genitive)
cath (nominative singular)
cath (dual nominative)
cathae (nominative plural)
cath (singular vocative)
cath (dual vocative)
cathu (plural vocative)
cath (accusative singular)
cath (accusative dual)
cathu (accusative plural)
catho (genitive singular)
catha (genitive singular)
catho (dual genitive)
catha (dual genitive)
cathae (genitive plural)
cath (dative singular)
cathaib (dative dual)
cathaib (dative plural)
cath
chath
cath

Irish: cath

Manx: cah

Scottish Gaelic: cath

⇒ Middle Irish: cathaigecht (“warfare”)

From Primitive Irish ᚉᚐᚈᚈᚒ (cattu), from Proto-Celtic *katus, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₃tus (“fight”).

in chatho [translating proelii]

amal du·n‑em-side nech íarna chúl hi cath

as he protects someone behind him in battle

fon chath [translating sub Marte]


árus

head

árus n (genitive áruis, nominative plural árusa)

áruis (genitive)
árusa (nominative plural)
árus (nominative singular)
árus (dual nominative)
árus (nominative plural)
árusa (nominative plural)
árus (singular vocative)
árus (dual vocative)
árus (plural vocative)
árusa (plural vocative)
árus (accusative singular)
árus (accusative dual)
árus (accusative plural)
árusa (accusative plural)
áruis (genitive singular)
árus (dual genitive)
árus (genitive plural)
árus (dative singular)
árusaib (dative dual)
árusaib (dative plural)
árus
n-árus

Irish: áras

Scottish Gaelic: àras


-sa

Irish: -sa

Manx: -s

Scottish Gaelic: -sa

co beid .i. co mbed a ndéde sin im labrad-sa .i. gáu et fír .i. combad sain a n‑as·berin ó bélib et aní imme·rádin ó chridiu

so that there may be, i.e. so that those two things might be in my (emphatic) speaking, namely false and true, i.e. so that what I might say with [my] lips and what I might think with [my] heart might be different

Bíuu-sa oc irbáig dar far cenn-si fri Maccidóndu.

I (emphatic) am boasting about you to the Macedonians.

Níta chumme-se friusom.

I (emphatic) am not like them (emphatic).

Emphatic suffixes are added to nouns modified by a possessive determiner to emphasize the possessor

and predicate nouns to emphasize the subject

and to inflected prepositions to emphasize the object


-se

Alternative form of -sa (used after slender consonants and front vowels)


nach-

Appendix:Old Irish affixed pronouns#Infixed pronouns

Alternative form of ná (negative particle used with the imperative) used before an infixed pronoun

ná

Alternative form of nád (negative particle used in relative and noun clauses) used before an infixed pronoun


fulang

fulang n or m (genitive fulaing, nominative plural fulaing or fuilnge)

fulaing (genitive)
fulaing (nominative plural)
fuilnge (nominative plural)
fulang (nominative singular)
fulang (singular vocative)
fulang (accusative singular)
fulaing (genitive singular)
fulung (dative singular)
fulang (nominative singular)
fulaing (singular vocative)
fulang (accusative singular)
fulaing (genitive singular)
fulung (dative singular)
fulang
ḟulang
fulang


Lochlannach

sga-decl-adj-table

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Lochlannach (masculine nominative singular)
Lochlannach (feminine nominative singular)
Lochlannach (neuter nominative singular)
Lochlannaig (masculine singular vocative)
Lochlannach (masculine singular vocative)
Lochlannach (feminine singular vocative)
Lochlannach (neuter singular vocative)
Lochlannach (accusative masculine singular)
Lochlannaig (accusative feminine singular)
Lochlannach (accusative neuter singular)
Lochlannaig (genitive masculine singular)
Lochlannaige (feminine genitive singular)
Lochlannaig (genitive neuter singular)
Lochlannach (dative masculine singular)
Lochlannaig (dative feminine singular)
Lochlannach (dative neuter singular)
Lochlannaig (masculine nominative plural)
Lochlannacha (feminine neuter nominative plural)
Lochlannachu (masculine plural vocative)
Lochlannacha (masculine plural vocative)
Lochlannacha (feminine neuter plural vocative)
Lochlannachu (accusative masculine plural)
Lochlannacha (accusative masculine plural)
Lochlannacha (accusative feminine neuter plural)
Lochlannach (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
Lochlannachaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: Lochlannach

Manx: Loghlynagh

Scottish Gaelic: Lochlannach


Lochlannach

Lochlannach (nominative singular)
Lochlannach (dual nominative)
Lochlannaig (nominative plural)
Lochlannaig (singular vocative)
Lochlannach (dual vocative)
Lochlannachu (plural vocative)
Lochlannach (accusative singular)
Lochlannach (accusative dual)
Lochlannachu (accusative plural)
Lochlannaig (genitive singular)
Lochlannach (dual genitive)
Lochlannach (genitive plural)
Lochlannach (dative singular)
Lochlannachaib (dative dual)
Lochlannachaib (dative plural)
Lochlannach
also Llochlannach after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: Lochlannach

Manx: Loghlynagh

Scottish Gaelic: Lochlannach


Grec

Alternative spelling of Gréc (“Greek person”)


Grec

Alternative spelling of Gréc (“Greek language”)


roí

roí
also rroí after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


roí

third-person singular present subjunctive of ro·icc


tías

third-person singular present subjunctive relative of téit

first-person singular present subjunctive conjunct of téit


cainnt

Irish: caint

Manx: caaynt

Scottish Gaelic: cainnt


-de

Inherited from Proto-Celtic *-adyos, cognate with Middle Welsh -eid.

Gréc (“Greek”, noun) + -de → grécdae (“Greek”, adjective)

Used to form adjectives from nouns, denoting quality, kind, origin or material.


leth

head

leth n (genitive leith or leithe, nominative plural leth or leithe)

leith (genitive)
leithe (genitive)
leth (nominative plural)
leithe (nominative plural)
leth (nominative singular)
leth (dual nominative)
leth (nominative plural)
leth (singular vocative)
leth (dual vocative)
leth (plural vocative)
leth (accusative singular)
leth (accusative dual)
leth (accusative plural)
leith (genitive singular)
leth (dual genitive)
leth (genitive plural)
leuth (dative singular)
lethaib (dative dual)
lethaib (dative plural)
leth (nominative singular)
leth (dual nominative)
leithe (nominative plural)
leth (singular vocative)
leth (dual vocative)
leithe (plural vocative)
leth (accusative singular)
leth (accusative dual)
leithe (accusative plural)
leithe (genitive singular)
leithe (dual genitive)
leithe (genitive plural)
leith (dative singular)
leithib (dative dual)
leithib (dative plural)
leth
also lleth after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: leath

Manx: lieh

Scottish Gaelic: leth

From Primitive Irish *ᚂᚓᚈᚐᚄ (*letas), from Proto-Celtic *letos, perhaps cognate with Latin latus (“side”), or from Proto-Celtic *ɸletos.
Celtic cognates include Welsh lled (“breadth, width, half”), Middle Breton let, led (“large”), and Cornish les.

c. 700, Glosses in the Computus Einsidlensis, published in "The early Old Irish material in the newly discovered Computus Einsidlensis (c. AD 700)", Ériu 58 (2008, Royal Irish Academy), edited and with translations by Jacopo Bisagni and Immo Warntjes
maá triun, laigu leut

[5/12 is] greater than one third, smaller than one half.


daim

inflection of dam:
vocative/genitive singular


daim

Inflected forms of daimid (“to suffer, permit”)

third-person singular present indicative conjunct of daimid

second-person singular imperative of daimid


dám

dám f (genitive dámae, nominative plural dáma)

dámae (genitive)
dáma (nominative plural)
dám (nominative singular)
dáim (dual nominative)
dáma (nominative plural)
dám (singular vocative)
dáim (dual vocative)
dáma (plural vocative)
dáim (accusative singular)
dáim (accusative dual)
dáma (accusative plural)
dámae (genitive singular)
dám (dual genitive)
dám (genitive plural)
dáim (dative singular)
dámaib (dative dual)
dámaib (dative plural)
dám
ndám

Middle Irish: dám, dáim

Irish: dámh, dáimh

Scottish Gaelic: dàmh, dàimh

From Proto-Celtic *dāmā, a collective term built on Proto-Celtic *dāmos (whence Proto-Brythonic *dọβ̃ (“client; son-in-law”)), from Proto-Indo-European *dōm-o-s (“belonging to the house”), a vṛddhi derivative of Proto-Indo-European *dom-o-s, thematized form of *dṓm (“house, home”). Previously connected with Ancient Greek δῆμος (dêmos, “district, people”) from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂- (“share”) but this derivation was rejected by Campanile, who instead proposed the accepted etymology.
Related to dom (“home, house”) and déis (“client(s)”).


tír

head

tír n (genitive tíre, nominative plural tíre)

tíre (genitive)
tíre (nominative plural)
tír (nominative singular)
tír (dual nominative)
tíre (nominative plural)
tír (singular vocative)
tír (dual vocative)
tíre (plural vocative)
tír (accusative singular)
tír (accusative dual)
tíre (accusative plural)
tíre (genitive singular)
tíre (dual genitive)
tíre (genitive plural)
tír (dative singular)
tírib (dative dual)
tírib (dative plural)
tír
thír
tír

Irish: tír

Manx: çheer

Scottish Gaelic: tìr

nominative/vocative/accusative singular and dual

From Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. ‘dry land’ as opposed to lake or sea. Cognates include English thirst, Latin terra.


crann

cruinn (genitive)
crann (nominative singular)
crann (dual nominative)
crann (nominative plural)
cranna (nominative plural)
crann (singular vocative)
crann (dual vocative)
crann (plural vocative)
cranna (plural vocative)
crann (accusative singular)
crann (accusative dual)
crann (accusative plural)
cranna (accusative plural)
cruinn (genitive singular)
crann (dual genitive)
crann (genitive plural)
crunn (dative singular)
crannaib (dative dual)
crannaib (dative plural)
crann
chrann
crann

Middle Irish: crann

Irish: crann

Manx: croan

Scottish Gaelic: crann

From Proto-Celtic *kʷresnom. Cognate to Welsh pren.

To·fich sruth folo – ró tinn – combu derg snob cech óenchruinn.

A stream of blood gushed forth – too severe – so that the bark of every single tree was red.

.i. don chrunn fésin is nomen buxum hi sin, ni don torud ⁊ is ainsid neutair.

The word buxum here is for the tree itself, not for the fruit, and it is an accusative neuter.

.i. roth cruind forsa ndenat na cerda in lestrai nui ł. cran cruin immua mbiat ocua ndenum.

i.e. a round wheel on which the potters make the new vessels, or a round piece of wood around which [the potters] are while making [the vessels].


regat

third-person plural future conjunct of téit


inna

In tan téte a laithe di chiunn cosnaib gnimaib ⁊ cosnaib imnedaib gniter and, do·tét iarum imthánud aidche tara hæsi, co ndermanammar-ni inna imned sin i mbiam isind laithiu tri chumsanad inna aidche dod·iarmorat.

When the day passes away with the deeds and the troubles that are done therein, then comes the alternation of night after it that we may forget those troubles in which we are in the day through the repose of the night that follows it.

genitive singular feminine of in (triggers /h/-prothesis before a vowel)

Inna ancride inna fochaide do·bertar forsin n-aís noib, ad·cobrat-sidi cumscugud fercæ Dǽ do thabairt díglae tara n-ési.

The cruelties of the afflictions that are wrought on the saints desire the stirring of the anger of God to inflict vengeance on their behalf.

nominative plural feminine/neuter of in (triggers /h/-prothesis before a vowel)

accusative plural of all genders of in (triggers /h/-prothesis before a vowel)

genitive plural of all genders of in (triggers eclipsis)


inna

inna (‘his’/‘its’ triggers lenition, ‘her’ triggers /h/-prothesis, ‘their’ triggers eclipsis)

Univerbation of hi (“in”) + a (“his/her/its/their”)

univ

Rethit huili, et is oínḟer gaibes búaid diib inna chomalnad.

All run, and it is one man of them who gets victory for completing it

Má beid ní di rúnaib do·théi ar menmuin ind ḟir bíis inna ṡuidiu et ad·reig.

If there are any of the mysteries that may come upon the mind of the man who is sitting, and he rises.

Ní·guid dígail du thabairt foraib, acht corru·anat inna arrad.

He prays not that punishment should be inflicted on them, but that they may remain in his company.


lorg

head

lorg m (genitive luirg, nominative plural luirg)

luirg (genitive)
luirg (nominative plural)
lorg (nominative singular)
lorg (dual nominative)
luirg (nominative plural)
luirg (singular vocative)
lorg (dual vocative)
lurgu (plural vocative)
lorg (accusative singular)
lorg (accusative dual)
lurgu (accusative plural)
luirg (genitive singular)
lorg (dual genitive)
lorg (genitive plural)
lurg (dative singular)
lorgaib (dative dual)
lorgaib (dative plural)

Irish: lorg

Scottish Gaelic: lorg

From Proto-Celtic *lorgos, from Proto-Indo-European *lerg- (“slippery, even”).


lorg

head

lorg f (genitive loirge, nominative plural lorga)

loirge (genitive)
lorga (nominative plural)
lorg (nominative singular)
loirg (dual nominative)
lorga (nominative plural)
lorg (singular vocative)
loirg (dual vocative)
lorga (plural vocative)
loirg (accusative singular)
loirg (accusative dual)
lorga (accusative plural)
loirge (genitive singular)
lorg (dual genitive)
lorg (genitive plural)
loirg (dative singular)
lorgaib (dative dual)
lorgaib (dative plural)
lorg
also llorg after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


-aid

From Proto-Celtic *-āti, from Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ti and *-eh₂yéti.

AP:Old Irish class A I present verbs#English

forms class A I verbs from nouns and adjectives


-aid

From Proto-Celtic *-Vti, where V stands for any thematic vowel.

forms a third-person singular absolute verb ending in the present indicative and subjunctive and in the future


-aid

forms a second-person plural present indicative conjunct verb ending in the present indicative and subjunctive, in the imperative, in the future and in the preterite


-aid

Alternative form of -id (agentive suffix) used after a broad consonant


uile

uile (masculine nominative singular)
uile (feminine nominative singular)
uile (neuter nominative singular)
uili (masculine singular vocative)
uile (feminine singular vocative)
uile (neuter singular vocative)
uile (accusative masculine singular)
uili (accusative feminine singular)
uile (accusative neuter singular)
uili (genitive masculine singular)
uile (feminine genitive singular)
uili (genitive neuter singular)
uiliu (dative masculine singular)
uili (dative feminine singular)
uiliu (dative neuter singular)
uili (masculine nominative plural)
uili (feminine neuter nominative plural)
uili (masculine plural vocative)
uiliu (masculine plural vocative)
uili (feminine neuter plural vocative)
uili (accusative masculine plural)
uiliu (accusative masculine plural)
uili (accusative feminine neuter plural)
uile (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
uilib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
uile
n-uile

desctree

Middle Irish: uile
Irish: uile
Scottish Gaelic: uile
Manx: ooilley

From Proto-Celtic *olyos (“all, whole, every”) (compare Welsh oll, Gaulish ollon), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂olyos (compare Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐍃 (alls, “all, whole”), Old Armenian ողջ (ołǰ)).

inh

huili doíni talman

Israheldai huli

in tain do·n-airbertar in boill uili

int huile talam

arin duiniu huiliu


aimsir

inflection of aimser:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of aimser:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


aithne

aithne (nominative singular)
aithne (dual nominative)
aithne (nominative plural)
aithne (singular vocative)
aithne (dual vocative)
aithne (plural vocative)
aithne (accusative singular)
aithne (accusative dual)
aithne (accusative plural)
aithni (genitive singular)
aithne (dual genitive)
aithne (genitive plural)
aithniu (dative singular)
aithnib (dative dual)
aithnib (dative plural)
aithne
n-aithne

a n-aithne glosses depositum

an act of entrusting, handing over; the thing entrusted


roma

third-person singular present subjunctive prototonic ro-form of maidid


cís

cís (nominative singular)
cís (dual nominative)
císae (nominative plural)
cís (singular vocative)
cís (dual vocative)
císu (plural vocative)
cís (accusative singular)
cís (accusative dual)
císu (accusative plural)
císo (genitive singular)
císa (genitive singular)
císo (dual genitive)
císa (dual genitive)
císae (genitive plural)
cís (dative singular)
císaib (dative dual)
císaib (dative plural)
cís (nominative singular)
cís (dual nominative)
cís (nominative plural)
císa (nominative plural)
cís (singular vocative)
cís (dual vocative)
cís (plural vocative)
cís (accusative singular)
cís (accusative dual)
cís (accusative plural)
císo (genitive singular)
císa (genitive singular)
císo (dual genitive)
císa (dual genitive)
cís (genitive plural)
cís (dative singular)
císaib (dative dual)
císaib (dative plural)
cís
chís
cís

Irish: cíos

Manx: keesh

Scottish Gaelic: cìs


fér

head

fér n (genitive féuir, nominative plural féra)

féuir (genitive)
féra (nominative plural)
fér (nominative singular)
fér (dual nominative)
fér (nominative plural)
féra (nominative plural)
fér (singular vocative)
fér (dual vocative)
fér (plural vocative)
féra (plural vocative)
fér (accusative singular)
fér (accusative dual)
fér (accusative plural)
féra (accusative plural)
féuir (genitive singular)
fér (dual genitive)
fér (genitive plural)
féor (dative singular)
féraib (dative dual)
féraib (dative plural)
fér
ḟér
fér

Irish: féar

Manx: faiyr

Scottish Gaelic: feur

From Proto-Celtic *wegrom (“grass”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weg- (“increase, enlarge”) via a sense ‘outgrowth’. Cognate with Cornish gora and Welsh gwair (“hay”).


cumail

inflection of cumal:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of cumal:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


tarm

Univerbation of tar (“over, across”) + mo (“my”)


rád

rád (nominative singular)
rád (dual nominative)
ráid (nominative plural)
ráid (singular vocative)
rád (dual vocative)
rádu (plural vocative)
rád (accusative singular)
rád (accusative dual)
rádu (accusative plural)
ráid (genitive singular)
rád (dual genitive)
rád (genitive plural)
rád (dative singular)
rádaib (dative dual)
rádaib (dative plural)
rád
also rrád after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: rá

Scottish Gaelic: ràdh

From Proto-Celtic *rādos, from the root Proto-Indo-European *Hreh₁dʰ-.


gilu

vocative/accusative masculine plural of gel


gili

inflection of gile:
accusative/dative singular


maig

maig
also mmaig after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


innaní

masculine/feminine/neuter genitive plural of intí


bete

third-person plural present subjunctive relative of is


ges

first-person singular present subjunctive conjunct of guidid


cuin

Scottish Gaelic: cuin

From Proto-Celtic *kʷani. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos, *kʷis. Cognate with Welsh pan (“when”, conjunction), Cornish pan (“when”, conjunction) Breton pa (“when”, conjunction). Compare also Latin quando, Proto-Germanic *hwan (“when”).

Cuin do·rega?


fers

head

fers m (genitive ferso or fersa, nominative plural fersai)

ferso (genitive)
fersa (genitive)
fersai (nominative plural)
fers (nominative singular)
fers (dual nominative)
fersae (nominative plural)
fersai (nominative plural)
fers (singular vocative)
fers (dual vocative)
fersu (plural vocative)
fers (accusative singular)
fers (accusative dual)
fersu (accusative plural)
ferso (genitive singular)
fersa (genitive singular)
ferso (dual genitive)
fersa (dual genitive)
fersae (genitive plural)
fers (dative singular)
fersaib (dative dual)
fersaib (dative plural)
fers
ḟers
fers

Is he in fers-[s]o ro·gab Ch[i]rine oc techt i mBethil .i. haec requies rl. "Bid fír æm," olsesom, "is sunt bia-sa in eilithri co llae messa."

This is the verse that Jerome sang as he went into Bethlehem, namely, haec requies and so on; “it will indeed be true,” he says: “it is here that I will be in pilgrimage until the Day of Judgement.”

Noch ní accam isint saltair in fers n-ísin.

However, we do not see that verse in the Psalter.


damat

third-person plural present subjunctive conjunct of daimid


bachlaig

inflection of bachlach:
vocative/genitive singular

inflection of bachlach:
nominative plural


bachlaig

inflection of bachlach:
vocative/genitive singular masculine

inflection of bachlach:
accusative/dative singular feminine

inflection of bachlach:
genitive singular neuter

inflection of bachlach:
nominative plural masculine


anais

second-person singular future/present subjunctive conjunct of aingid


anais

third-person singular future/present subjunctive absolute of aingid


uilc

inflection of olc:
masculine vocative/genitive singular

inflection of olc:
feminine accusative/dative singular

inflection of olc:
neuter genitive singular

inflection of olc:
masculine nominative plural


-aige

-aige (nominative singular)
-aige (dual nominative)
-aigi (nominative plural)
-aigi (singular vocative)
-aige (dual vocative)
-aigiu (plural vocative)
-aige (accusative singular)
-aige (accusative dual)
-aigiu (accusative plural)
-aigi (genitive singular)
-aige (dual genitive)
-aige (genitive plural)
-aigiu (dative singular)
-aigib (dative dual)
-aigib (dative plural)

desc

Irish: -aí, -aidhe, -oidhe, -uidhe (obsolete), -í (slender form), -idhe (obsolete slender form)

Scottish Gaelic: -iche, -aiche

cenn (“end”) + -aige → cennaige (“merchant”)

Forms nouns from existing nouns, indicating a person who engages in an activity associated with the base noun.


lúas

lúas (nominative singular)
lúas (singular vocative)
lúas (accusative singular)
lúaso (genitive singular)
lúasa (genitive singular)
lúas (dative singular)
lúas
also llúas after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: luas

Manx: laueys

Scottish Gaelic: lùths


aue

aue (nominative singular)
aue (dual nominative)
aui (nominative plural)
ui (nominative plural)
aui (singular vocative)
aue (dual vocative)
uu (plural vocative)
aue (accusative singular)
aue (accusative dual)
uu (accusative plural)
aui (genitive singular)
ui (genitive singular)
aue (dual genitive)
aue (genitive plural)
uu (dative singular)
auib (dative dual)
uib (dative dual)
auib (dative plural)
uib (dative plural)
aue
n-aue

Middle Irish: úa

Irish: ó, ua

Manx: oe

Scottish Gaelic: ogha

→ Scots: oe

From Primitive Irish ᚐᚃᚔ (avi) (Old Irish aui/ui, Modern Irish uí), from Proto-Celtic *awyos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewh₂yos. Cognate with Old Prussian awis, Latin avus, Gothic 𐌰𐍅𐍉 (awō) and Old Armenian հաւ (haw).


articol

head

articol m (genitive articuil, nominative plural articuil)

articuil (genitive)
articuil (nominative plural)
articol (nominative singular)
articol (dual nominative)
articuil (nominative plural)
articuil (singular vocative)
articol (dual vocative)
articlu (plural vocative)
articol (accusative singular)
articol (accusative dual)
articlu (accusative plural)
articuil (genitive singular)
articol (dual genitive)
articol (genitive plural)
articol (dative singular)
articlaib (dative dual)
articlaib (dative plural)
articol
n-articol

Irish: airteagal

Scottish Gaelic: airteagal


ollam

ollam (nominative singular)
ollomain (dual nominative)
ollomain (nominative plural)
ollam (singular vocative)
ollomain (dual vocative)
ollomana (plural vocative)
ollomain (accusative singular)
ollomain (accusative dual)
ollomana (accusative plural)
olloman (genitive singular)
olloman (dual genitive)
olloman (genitive plural)
ollomain (dative singular)
ollam (dative singular)
ollomanaib (dative dual)
ollomanaib (dative plural)

Irish: ollamh

→ English: ollamh

Manx: olloo

Scottish Gaelic: ollamh

From oll (“great, vast”) + -am (occupational noun-forming suffix).

suffix

A master in a particular trade or skill.

the highest rank of fili, or a title of the highest member of any group.


baid

baïd (canonical)
·bá (conjunct)
bás (noun-from-verb)
·bá (absolute conjunct indicative present singular third-person)
·baat (absolute conjunct indicative plural present third-person)
·baad (absolute imperfect indicative singular third-person)
·batis (absolute imperfect indicative plural third-person)
bebais (absolute preterite singular third-person)
bebsait (absolute plural preterite third-person)
·beba (absolute conjunct preterite singular third-person)
·bebae (absolute conjunct preterite singular third-person)
·bebsat (absolute conjunct plural preterite third-person)
ro·mbebe (absolute deuterotonic perfect singular third-person)
beba (absolute first-person future singular)
bebaid (absolute future singular third-person)
·bebat (absolute conjunct future plural third-person)
bebte (absolute future plural relative third-person)
·baam (absolute conjunct first-person plural present subjunctive)
·baathar (absolute conjunct passive present singular subjunctive)

From Proto-Celtic *bayeti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂- (“to go”). The meaning arose euphemistically: "go (away)" → "to die".

"Nech bas endac," ol Ísu, "do bráthaib ní·bá; is in miscadach lenas in mallacht na[m]má."

"Anyone who is innocent," Jesus said, "does not die to the judgements. It is only the wicked onto whom the curse sticks."

c. 720, Baile Chuinn Chétchathaig from Royal Irish Academy, MS 23 N 10, published in "On the Dates of Two Sources Used in Thurneysen's Heldensage", Ériu 16 (1952), pages 145-156, edited by Rudolf Thurneysen and Gerard Murphy and with translations by Gerard Murphy
Íbthuss Art íer cetharchait aidchi, comnart caur, co [m]beba Muccruime.

Art shall drink it after forty nights, a mighty hero, until he shall die [at] Muccruime.

Bebais mac ind ríg ⁊ do·bert Óengus in mnaí leis.

The king's son [Conn, who Óengus murders for raping Forach] died and Óengus took [lit. brought] the woman [Forach] [away] with him.

oínecht a ppecad amal n-oínect ro·mbebe colinn Crist

once out of sin as once Christ’s flesh has died


baid

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

second-person plural preterite conjunct of at·tá


glinne

[ˈɡʲlʲin͈ʲe]

inflection of glenn:
genitive all numbers

inflection of glenn:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


tés

third-person singular present subjunctive absolute of téit

second-person singular present subjunctive conjunct of téit


matu

third-person plural present indicative of masu


cloich

inflection of cloch:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of cloch:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


nipi

Nipi cían a masse in choirp.

The beauty of the body is not long-lasting.

third-person singular present indicative habitual negated of is: is (habitually) not


batar

third-person plural preterite/imperfect indicative absolute/relative of is


taid

second-person plural progressive present indicative prototonic of at·tá


sruth

head

sruth n or m (genitive srotho, nominative plural srotha)

srotho (genitive)
srotha (nominative plural)
sruth (nominative singular)
sruth (dual nominative)
srothae (nominative plural)
sruth (singular vocative)
sruth (dual vocative)
srothu (plural vocative)
sruth (accusative singular)
sruth (accusative dual)
srothu (accusative plural)
srotho (genitive singular)
srotha (genitive singular)
srotho (dual genitive)
srotha (dual genitive)
srothae (genitive plural)
sruth (dative singular)
srothaib (dative dual)
srothaib (dative plural)

Irish: sruth

Manx: stroo

Scottish Gaelic: sruth

From Proto-Celtic *srutom, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“flow, stream”). Cognate with Welsh ffrwd and maybe the Gaulish hydronym Phroudis.


notaire

head

notaire m (genitive notairi, nominative plural notairi)

notairi (genitive)
notairi (nominative plural)
notaire (nominative singular)
notaire (dual nominative)
notairi (nominative plural)
notairi (singular vocative)
notaire (dual vocative)
notairiu (plural vocative)
notaire (accusative singular)
notaire (accusative dual)
notairiu (accusative plural)
notairi (genitive singular)
notaire (dual genitive)
notaire (genitive plural)
notairiu (dative singular)
notairib (dative dual)
notairib (dative plural)
notaire
also nnotaire after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: nodaire

Borrowed from Latin notārius (“note-taker”).

Combad notire rod·scríbad cosse.

It would have been a secretary who had written it until now.


ar-

From Proto-Celtic *ɸare-. Prefix form of ar (“in front of”).


é-

Irish: éa-

From Proto-Celtic *an-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.

é- + trom (“heavy”) → étrum (“light”, literally “unheavy”)

é- + cubus (“conscience”) → écubus (“bad faith”, literally “non-conscience”)

é- + cosmail (“like, similar”) → écsamail (“dissimilar, different”)


lerg

lerg (nominative singular)
leirg (dual nominative)
lerga (nominative plural)
lerg (singular vocative)
leirg (dual vocative)
lerga (plural vocative)
leirg (accusative singular)
leirg (accusative dual)
lerga (accusative plural)
leirge (genitive singular)
lerg (dual genitive)
lerg (genitive plural)
leirg (dative singular)
lergaib (dative dual)
lergaib (dative plural)

Irish: learg

Cognate with Old Armenian ողորկ (ołork, “smooth”) and լերկ (lerk, “hairless”).


lés

lés (nominative singular)
lés (dual nominative)
lésae (nominative plural)
lés (singular vocative)
lés (dual vocative)
lésu (plural vocative)
lés (accusative singular)
lés (accusative dual)
lésu (accusative plural)
léso (genitive singular)
lésa (genitive singular)
léso (dual genitive)
lésa (dual genitive)
lésae (genitive plural)
lés (dative singular)
lésaib (dative dual)
lésaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: lés, lóess

Irish: léas, leos

From Proto-Celtic *ɸlenstus; compare Latin splendeō, Tocharian A plāntā- (“rejoice”). Alternatively, borrowed from Old Norse ljós.


lés

lés (nominative singular)
lés (dual nominative)
lésae (nominative plural)
lés (singular vocative)
lés (dual vocative)
lésu (plural vocative)
lés (accusative singular)
lés (accusative dual)
lésu (accusative plural)
léso (genitive singular)
lésa (genitive singular)
léso (dual genitive)
lésa (dual genitive)
lésae (genitive plural)
lés (dative singular)
lésaib (dative dual)
lésaib (dative plural)
lés
also llés after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


tabur

·tabur (canonical)
·tabur
·thabur
·tabur

first-person singular present indicative prototonic of do·beir


Ádam

Irish: Ádhamh

Scottish Gaelic: Àdhamh

From Latin Adam, from Ancient Greek Ἀδάμ (Adám), from Biblical Hebrew אָדָם (ʾāḏām, “man”).


beirid

beirid (conjunct ·beir, verbal noun breth)

·beir (conjunct)
breth (noun-from-verb)
biru (absolute first-person indicative present singular)
biri (absolute indicative present second-person singular)
beirid (absolute indicative present singular third-person)
bermai (absolute first-person indicative plural present)
beirthe (absolute indicative plural present second-person)
berait (absolute indicative plural present third-person)
berir (absolute indicative passive present singular)
berair (absolute indicative passive present singular)
bertair (absolute indicative passive plural present)
·biur (conjunct first-person indicative present singular)
·bir (conjunct indicative present second-person singular)
·beir (conjunct indicative present singular third-person)
not·beir (conjunct indicative present singular third-person)
·beram (conjunct first-person indicative plural present)
·beirid (conjunct indicative plural present second-person)
·berat (conjunct indicative plural present third-person)
·berar (conjunct indicative passive present singular)
·bertar (conjunct indicative passive plural present)
beres (indicative present relative singular third-person)
beires (indicative present relative singular third-person)
berte (indicative plural present relative third-person)
bertae (indicative plural present relative third-person)
berar (indicative passive present relative singular)
bertar (indicative passive plural present relative)
·berinn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
·beirinn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
·beired (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
·beirmis (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
·beirtis (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
·beirthe (imperfect indicative passive singular)
·beirtis (imperfect indicative passive plural)
birt (absolute preterite singular third-person)
brethae (absolute passive preterite singular)
·biurt (conjunct first-person preterite singular)
·birt (conjunct preterite second-person singular)
·bert (conjunct preterite singular third-person)
·bertatar (conjunct plural preterite third-person)
·breth (conjunct passive preterite singular)
·bretha (conjunct passive plural preterite)
bert (preterite relative singular third-person)
bertatar (plural preterite relative third-person)
bérae (absolute future perfect second-person singular)
béraid (absolute future perfect singular third-person)
bérait (absolute future perfect plural third-person)
bérthair (absolute future passive perfect singular)
·bér (conjunct first-person future perfect singular)
·bérae (conjunct future perfect second-person singular)
·béra (conjunct future perfect singular third-person)
·béram (conjunct first-person future perfect plural)
·bérat (conjunct future perfect plural third-person)
·bérthar (conjunct future passive perfect singular)
·bértar (conjunct future passive perfect plural)
béras (future perfect relative singular third-person)
bǽras (future perfect relative singular third-person)
bértae (future perfect plural relative third-person)
bérthar (future passive perfect relative singular)
·bérainn (conditional first-person perfect singular)
·bértha (conditional perfect second-person singular)
·bérad (conditional perfect singular third-person)
·bérmais (conditional first-person perfect plural)
·bérthae (conditional perfect plural second-person)
·bértais (conditional perfect plural third-person)
·bérthae (conditional passive perfect singular)
beraid (absolute perfect present singular subjunctive third-person)
berthair (absolute passive perfect present singular subjunctive)
·ber (conjunct first-person perfect present singular subjunctive)
·berae (conjunct perfect present second-person singular subjunctive)
·bera (conjunct perfect present singular subjunctive third-person)
·beram (conjunct first-person perfect plural present subjunctive)
·beraid (conjunct perfect plural present second-person subjunctive)
·berat (conjunct perfect plural present subjunctive third-person)
·berthar (conjunct passive perfect present singular subjunctive)
·bertar (conjunct passive perfect plural present subjunctive)
berte (perfect plural present relative subjunctive third-person)
bertae (perfect plural present relative subjunctive third-person)
·berinn (first-person past perfect singular subjunctive)
·berainn (first-person past perfect singular subjunctive)
·bertha (past perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
·berad (past perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
·bermais (first-person past perfect plural subjunctive)
·berthae (past perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
·bertais (past perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
·berthae (passive past perfect singular subjunctive)
·bertais (passive past perfect plural subjunctive)
beir (imperative perfect second-person singular)
beired (imperative perfect singular third-person)
beram (first-person imperative perfect plural)
beirid (imperative perfect plural second-person)
berar (imperative passive perfect singular)
breth (first-person noun-from-verb perfect singular)
ro·ucca (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
ro·ucthar (deuterotonic indicative passive present singular)
·rucaim (first-person indicative present prototonic singular)
·ruca (indicative present prototonic singular third-person)
·rucca (indicative present prototonic singular third-person)
·rucat (indicative plural present prototonic third-person)
·ructhar (indicative passive present prototonic singular)
·rucad (imperfect indicative prototonic singular third-person)
·ructais (imperfect indicative plural prototonic third-person)
ro·uccus (deuterotonic first-person perfect preterite singular)
ro·ucais (deuterotonic perfect preterite second-person singular)
ro·ucc (deuterotonic perfect preterite singular third-person)
ro·uic (deuterotonic perfect preterite singular third-person)
ro·ucsaid (deuterotonic perfect plural preterite second-person)
ro·ucsat (deuterotonic perfect plural preterite third-person)
ro·ucad (deuterotonic passive perfect preterite singular)
ro·uctha (deuterotonic passive perfect plural preterite)
·rucus (first-person perfect preterite prototonic singular)
·rucais (perfect preterite prototonic second-person singular)
·ruc (perfect preterite prototonic singular third-person)
·rucsat (perfect plural preterite prototonic third-person)
·rucad (passive perfect preterite prototonic singular)
·ructha (passive perfect plural preterite prototonic)
·rucfaither (future passive prototonic singular)
·rucfaiter (future passive plural prototonic)
·ruca (present prototonic singular subjunctive third-person)
·rucca (present prototonic singular subjunctive third-person)
·ructar (passive plural present prototonic subjunctive)
·ruccainn (first-person past prototonic singular subjunctive)
·ructhae (passive past prototonic singular subjunctive)
·ructais (passive past plural prototonic subjunctive)
uic (imperative past second-person singular)
beirid
mbeirid

sga-conj-simple

prefixed with <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">no-t-</i>

desctree

Middle Irish: beirid
Irish: beir
Manx: behr
Scottish Gaelic: beir

From Proto-Celtic *bereti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti. See ro·uic for the etymology of the suppletive perfective forms.
Cognates include Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (bairan), Ancient Greek φέρω (phérō), Sanskrit भरति (bhárati), Latin ferō, Old Church Slavonic бьрати (bĭrati).

Ní hed not·beir i nem, cía ba loingthech.

It is not this that brings you sg into heaven, that you may be gluttonous.

in tan ṁberes claind, is fáilid íar sin

when she bears children, she is joyous after that

Bat hé berte bretha lib.

Let it be them who give judgments among you.

Ní taibre grád for nech causa a pectha ꝉ a chaíngníma: ar bíit alaili and ro·finnatar a pecthe resíu do·coí grád forru; alaili is íarum ro·finnatar. Berir dano fri láa brátha.

You sg should not confer orders on anyone because of his sin or of his good deed: for there are some whose sins are found out before their ordination, others whose [sins] are found out afterwards. Reference is made, then, to the day of judgment.


déni

second/third-person singular present prototonic of do·gní


ciúin

ciúin (masculine nominative singular)
ciúin (feminine nominative singular)
ciúin (neuter nominative singular)
ciúin (masculine singular vocative)
ciúin (feminine singular vocative)
ciúin (neuter singular vocative)
ciúin (accusative masculine singular)
ciúin (accusative feminine singular)
ciúin (accusative neuter singular)
ciúin (genitive masculine singular)
ciúine (feminine genitive singular)
ciúin (genitive neuter singular)
ciúin (dative masculine singular)
ciúin (dative feminine singular)
ciúin (dative neuter singular)
ciúini (masculine nominative plural)
ciúini (feminine neuter nominative plural)
ciúini (masculine plural vocative)
ciúini (feminine neuter plural vocative)
ciúini (accusative masculine plural)
ciúini (accusative feminine neuter plural)
ciúin (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
ciúinib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
ciúin
chiúin
ciúin

Irish: ciúin

Manx: kiune

Scottish Gaelic: ciùin

⇒ Middle Irish: ciúnas


derbráthair

derbráthair (nominative singular)
derbráthair (dual nominative)
derbráithir (nominative plural)
derbráthair (singular vocative)
derbráthair (dual vocative)
derbráithrea (plural vocative)
derbráthair (accusative singular)
derbráthair (accusative dual)
derbráithrea (accusative plural)
derbráthar (genitive singular)
derbráthar (dual genitive)
derbráthar (genitive plural)
derbráithre (genitive plural)
derbráthair (dative singular)
derbráithrib (dative dual)
derbráithrib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: derbráthair

Irish: deartháir

Manx: jarroo-vraar

(rare until Middle Irish) brother (by blood)


ansae

head

ansae (comparative ansu, superlative ansam)

ansu (comparative)
ansam (superlative)
ansae (masculine nominative singular)
ansae (feminine nominative singular)
ansae (neuter nominative singular)
ansai (masculine singular vocative)
ansae (feminine singular vocative)
ansae (neuter singular vocative)
ansae (accusative masculine singular)
ansai (accusative feminine singular)
ansae (accusative neuter singular)
ansai (genitive masculine singular)
ansae (feminine genitive singular)
ansai (genitive neuter singular)
ansu (dative masculine singular)
ansai (dative feminine singular)
ansu (dative neuter singular)
ansai (masculine nominative plural)
ansai (feminine neuter nominative plural)
ansai (masculine plural vocative)
ansu (masculine plural vocative)
ansai (feminine neuter plural vocative)
ansai (accusative masculine plural)
ansu (accusative masculine plural)
ansai (accusative feminine neuter plural)
ansae (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
ansaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
ansae
n-ansae

Middle Irish: ansa

Irish: ansa

ar is ansæ in ball do thinchosc neich as·berad cenn

for it is difficult for the member to correct what the head said


bráthair

bráthair m (genitive bráthar, nominative plural bráithir)

bráthar (genitive)
bráithir (nominative plural)
bráthair (nominative singular)
bráthair (dual nominative)
bráithir (nominative plural)
bráthair (singular vocative)
bráthair (dual vocative)
bráithrea (plural vocative)
bráthair (accusative singular)
bráthair (accusative dual)
bráithrea (accusative plural)
bráthar (genitive singular)
bráthar (dual genitive)
bráthar (genitive plural)
bráthre (genitive plural)
bráithre (genitive plural)
bráthair (dative singular)
bráithrib (dative dual)
bráithrib (dative plural)
bráthair
mbráthair

Irish: bráthair

Manx: braar

Scottish Gaelic: bràthair

⇒ Middle Irish: bráithremail

From Proto-Celtic *brātīr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.

Do·beir-som ainm bráthre doib, arná·epret is ara miscuis in cúrsachad, act is ara seircc.

He calls them brothers, lest they should say the reprimand is because of hatred for them, but it is because of love for them.

Ba torad sa⟨í⟩thir dúun in chrud so ce du·melmis cech túari et ce du·gnemmis a ndu·gníat ar céli, act ní bad nertad na mbráithre et frescsiu fochricce as móo.

It would be a fruit of labor for us in this way if we consumed every food and if we did what our fellows do, but it would not be a strengthening of the brothers and a hope of a greater reward.

ɔrabad cech bráthair post alium .i. is huisse ce ru·samaltar fri Críst

so that each brother should be after the other, i.e. it is right that he be compared to Christ


argat

argait (genitive)
argat (nominative singular)
argat (singular vocative)
argat (accusative singular)
argait (genitive singular)
argut (dative singular)
argat
n-argat

Irish: airgead

Manx: argid

Scottish Gaelic: airgead

From Proto-Celtic *argantom (“silver”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥ǵn̥tóm (“silver”, literally “that which is shining”), from the root *h₂erǵ- (“to shine”). Cognate with Latin argentum and Old Armenian արծաթ (arcatʻ).


ocus

desctree

Middle Irish: ocus, acus
Irish: agus
Manx: as
Scottish Gaelic: agus

From Proto-Celtic *adgostus (“near”), with the initial o- arising under the influence of oc (“at”). Cognate to Welsh agos.


ocus

head

ocus (comparative nessa, superlative nessam)

nessa (comparative)
nessam (superlative)
ocus (masculine nominative singular)
ocus (feminine nominative singular)
ocus (neuter nominative singular)
ocus (masculine singular vocative)
ocus (feminine singular vocative)
ocus (neuter singular vocative)
ocus (accusative masculine singular)
ocuis (accusative feminine singular)
ocus (accusative neuter singular)
ocuis (genitive masculine singular)
oicse (feminine genitive singular)
ocuis (genitive neuter singular)
ocus (dative masculine singular)
ocuis (dative feminine singular)
ocus (dative neuter singular)
oicsi (masculine nominative plural)
oicsi (feminine neuter nominative plural)
oicsi (masculine plural vocative)
oicsi (feminine neuter plural vocative)
oicsi (accusative masculine plural)
oicsi (accusative feminine neuter plural)
oicsib (dative feminine masculine neuter)

sga-decl-adj-table

*not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish

Middle Irish: focus

Irish: fogas

Scottish Gaelic: fagas, faisg

Manx: faggys

écndairc cian ... ecṅdairc ocus

(glosses personae absenti vel quasi absenti; lit. “absent near”, i.e. though present regarded as absent)

"Fot·uigeb-sa dano," ol Pátraic, "hi cill napa ro-ocus arnapa dimicnithi: nípa ró-chian dano co róastar immathigid etronn."

"I will leave you, then," said Patrick, "in a church that shall not be very near lest you be despised [???], and shall not be very far, so that mutual visiting between us may be continued.

is acus a coibdelag

Ind rígrad do·ruirmius, is ocus ar cundu, iar tuirim a féle do·rimiub a ndrungu.

c. 808, Félire Oengusso, Epilogue, line 229; republished as Whitley Stokes, transl., Félire Óengusso Céli Dé: The Martyrology of Oengus the Culdee, Harrison & Sons, 1905:

The kingsfolk I have recounted, close is our friendship; after reckoning their feasts, I will number their troops.


ocus

imb i céin fa i n-accus beo-sa


cethair

cetheoir (feminine)
cethair (masculine nominative plural)
cethéoir (feminine nominative plural)
cethéora (feminine nominative plural)
cethair (neuter nominative plural)
cethair (masculine plural vocative)
cethéoir (feminine plural vocative)
cethéora (feminine plural vocative)
cethair (neuter plural vocative)
cethri (accusative masculine plural)
cethéora (accusative feminine plural)
cethair (accusative neuter plural)
ceithre (genitive masculine plural)
cethéora (feminine genitive plural)
ceithre (genitive neuter plural)
ceithrib (dative masculine plural)
cethéoraib (dative feminine plural)
ceithrib (dative neuter plural)
cethair
chethair
cethair

Irish: ceathair, ceithre

Manx: kiare

Scottish Gaelic: ceithir

From Proto-Celtic *kʷetwores, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.


noí

Irish: naoi

Manx: nuy

Scottish Gaelic: naoi, naodh

From Proto-Celtic *nowan, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.


cét

Irish: céad

Manx: keead

Scottish Gaelic: ceud

From Proto-Celtic *kantom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.


cét

cét (nominative singular)
cét (dual nominative)
cét (nominative plural)
céta (nominative plural)
cét (singular vocative)
cét (dual vocative)
cét (plural vocative)
céta (plural vocative)
cét (accusative singular)
cét (accusative dual)
cét (accusative plural)
céta (accusative plural)
céit (genitive singular)
cét (dual genitive)
cét (genitive plural)
cét (dative singular)
cétaib (dative dual)
cétaib (dative plural)
cét
chét
cét


píast

píast (nominative singular)
péist (dual nominative)
píasta (nominative plural)
píast (singular vocative)
péist (dual vocative)
píasta (plural vocative)
péist (accusative singular)
péist (accusative dual)
píasta (accusative plural)
péiste (genitive singular)
píast (dual genitive)
píast (genitive plural)
péist (dative singular)
píastaib (dative dual)
píastaib (dative plural)
píast
phíast
or unchanged
píast

Middle Irish: péist

Irish: péist

Manx: beisht

Scottish Gaelic: bèist


bláth

bláth (nominative singular)
bláth (dual nominative)
bláthae (nominative plural)
bláth (singular vocative)
bláth (dual vocative)
bláthu (plural vocative)
bláth (accusative singular)
bláth (accusative dual)
bláthu (accusative plural)
blátho (genitive singular)
blátha (genitive singular)
blátho (dual genitive)
blátha (dual genitive)
bláthae (genitive plural)
bláth (dative singular)
bláthaib (dative dual)
bláthaib (dative plural)
bláth
mbláth

Irish: bláth

Manx: blaa

Scottish Gaelic: blàth

From Proto-Celtic *blātus, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”).


éscae

éscai (genitive)
éscae (nominative singular)
éscae (singular vocative)
éscae (accusative singular)
éscai (genitive singular)
éscu (dative singular)
éscae
n-éscae

Irish: éasca

Manx: eayst

Ar is airchenn ṁbes salt hi ciunn nóidécdi mad i ndib ṅ‑uarib deac nammá bas laigu cach mí aescai oldaas trichtaige. Is ed didiu slándliged salto noichtiche co lleuth du árim in ę́scu.

For it is certain that there should be a leap at the end of the nineteen-years-cycle if it is by twelve hours only that every lunar month is less than a space of thirty days. This, then, is the healthy law of the leap, to reckon 29½ days in the lunar month.


srón

head

srón f (genitive sróine, nominative plural sróna)

sróine (genitive)
sróna (nominative plural)
srón (nominative singular)
sróin (dual nominative)
sróna (nominative plural)
srón (singular vocative)
sróin (dual vocative)
sróna (plural vocative)
sróin (accusative singular)
sróin (accusative dual)
sróna (accusative plural)
sróine (genitive singular)
srón (dual genitive)
srón (genitive plural)
sróin (dative singular)
srónaib (dative dual)
srónaib (dative plural)
srón
ṡrón

Irish: srón

Manx: stroin

Scottish Gaelic: sròn

From Proto-Celtic *srognā (compare Welsh ffroen (“nostril”)).


adaig

adaig f (genitive aidche or aithche, nominative plural aidchi or aithgi)

aidche (genitive)
aithche (genitive)
aidchi (nominative plural)
aithgi (nominative plural)
adaig (nominative singular)
adaig (dual nominative)
aidchi (nominative plural)
aithchi (nominative plural)
adaig (singular vocative)
adaig (dual vocative)
aidchi (plural vocative)
aithchi (plural vocative)
aidchi (accusative singular)
aithchi (accusative singular)
adaig (accusative dual)
aidchi (accusative plural)
aithchi (accusative plural)
aidche (genitive singular)
aithche (genitive singular)
aidche (dual genitive)
aithche (dual genitive)
aidche (genitive plural)
aidchi (dative singular)
aithchi (dative singular)
adaig (dative singular)
aidchib (dative dual)
aithchib (dative dual)
aidchib (dative plural)
aithchib (dative plural)
adaig
n-adaig

Middle Irish: adaig, aidche, oidche

Irish: oíche, adhaigh

Manx: oie

Scottish Gaelic: oidhche

From earlier *adekʷī or *adekī, of unknown origin. Similar to Proto-Brythonic *exuɨð (“evening”), whose etymology is equally obscure.
Possibly cognate with Latin āter (“dark”) or Sanskrit अन्ध (andha, “blind”), though these comparisons are also difficult.


adaig

ad·aig (canonical)
ad·aig (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
ad·aich (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
atom·aig (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
attot·aig (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
atann·aig[n]i (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
atob·aich (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
atob·aig (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
ad·agat (deuterotonic indicative plural present third-person)
ad·agar (deuterotonic indicative passive present singular)
ad·agatar (deuterotonic indicative passive plural present)
ad·aigtis (deuterotonic imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ad·acht (deuterotonic preterite singular third-person)
ad·achtatar (deuterotonic plural preterite third-person)
ad·acht (deuterotonic passive preterite singular)
ad·achta (deuterotonic passive plural preterite)
ad·ebla (deuterotonic future perfect singular third-person)
ad·agad (deuterotonic past present singular subjunctive third-person)
ad·aig (imperative present second-person singular)
ad·aig
ad·n-aig

sga-conj-complex

with infixed pronoun <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">dom-</i>

with infixed pronoun <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">dot-</i>

with infixed pronoun dan- and emphatic enclitic -ni

with infixed pronoun <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">dob-</i>


lám

head

lám f (genitive láme or láime or lámae, nominative plural láma)

láme (genitive)
láime (genitive)
lámae (genitive)
láma (nominative plural)
lám (nominative singular)
láim (dual nominative)
láma (nominative plural)
lám (singular vocative)
láim (dual vocative)
láma (plural vocative)
láim (accusative singular)
láim (accusative dual)
láma (accusative plural)
láime (genitive singular)
láme (genitive singular)
lámae (genitive singular)
lám (dual genitive)
lám (genitive plural)
láim (dative singular)
lámaib (dative dual)
lámaib (dative plural)
lám
also llám after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: lámh

Manx: laue

Scottish Gaelic: làmh

→ Old Norse: lámr

Faroese: lámur

Icelandic: lámur

From Proto-Celtic *ɸlāmā (compare Welsh llaw), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂meh₂ (“palm, hand”) (compare Latin palma, Greek παλάμη (palámē)).

inh

precept dosom fri dei et saithar ho lámaib in nocte

to him [there is] teaching by day and labor with hands by night

ind lám glosses manu

doe láme glosses lacertus

(abstract, figurative) prowess, accomplishment, power


lebor

head

lebor m (genitive libuir or libair or liubair, nominative plural libuir or libair or liubair)

libuir (genitive)
libair (genitive)
liubair (genitive)
libuir (nominative plural)
libair (nominative plural)
liubair (nominative plural)
lebor (nominative singular)
lebor (dual nominative)
libair (nominative plural)
libair (singular vocative)
lebor (dual vocative)
lebru (plural vocative)
lebor (accusative singular)
lebor (accusative dual)
lebru (accusative plural)
libair (genitive singular)
lebor (dual genitive)
lebor (genitive plural)
lebor (dative singular)
lebraib (dative dual)
lebraib (dative plural)
lebor
also llebor after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: leabhar

Manx: lioar

Scottish Gaelic: leabhar

Lebor quasi libor a libro.


grád

grád n (genitive gráda, nominative plural grád)

gráda (genitive)
grád (nominative plural)
grád (nominative singular)
grád (dual nominative)
grád (nominative plural)
gráda (nominative plural)
grád (singular vocative)
grád (dual vocative)
grád (plural vocative)
grád (accusative singular)
grád (accusative dual)
grád (accusative plural)
grádo (genitive singular)
gráda (genitive singular)
grádo (dual genitive)
gráda (dual genitive)
grád (genitive plural)
grád (dative singular)
grádaib (dative dual)
grádaib (dative plural)

Irish: grá

Manx: graih

Scottish Gaelic: gràdh

desctree

⇒ Middle Irish: grádaigidir
Irish: gráigh
Scottish Gaelic: gràdhaich


grád

head

grád n (genitive gráid, nominative plural gráid)

gráid (genitive)
gráid (nominative plural)
grád (nominative singular)
grád (dual nominative)
grád (nominative plural)
gráda (nominative plural)
grád (singular vocative)
grád (dual vocative)
grád (plural vocative)
gráda (plural vocative)
grád (accusative singular)
grád (accusative dual)
grád (accusative plural)
gráda (accusative plural)
gráid (genitive singular)
grád (dual genitive)
grád (genitive plural)
grád (dative singular)
grádaib (dative dual)
grádaib (dative plural)
grád
ngrád

Middle Irish: grád

Irish: grádh

desc

⇒ Irish: grád (with d replacing expected dh under English and French influence)

ma chomalnit a ngrád ꝉ apud plebiles ma rud·choiscset a mmuintir

if they fulfill their orders or, among the plebiles, if they have corrected their household

Ní taibre grád for nech causa a pectha ꝉ a chaíngníma: ar biit alaili and ro·finnatar a pecthe resíu do·coí grád forru; alaili is íarum ro·finnatar. Berir dano fri láa brátha

You sg should not confer orders on anyone because of his sin or of his good deed: for there are some whose sins are known before their ordination, others whose [sins] are known afterwards. Reference is made, then, to the day of judgment.


-sni

From Proto-Celtic *snīs (“we”) (compare Welsh ni).

lai[mim]mirsni


síi

From Proto-Celtic *swīs (compare Welsh chwi), from Proto-Indo-European *wos (compare Latin vōs, Old Church Slavonic вꙑ (vy)).


cid

Irish: cad

Scottish Gaelic: ciod

Manx: quoid

From Proto-Celtic *kʷid, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷid (compare *kʷis); compare Latin quid, Cornish pyth, Welsh pa.

"Ceist, cid do·gén-sa?" olsé ria máthair.

c. 775, “Táin Bó Fraích”, in Book of Leinster; republished as Ernst Windisch, editor, Táin bó Fraích, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1974, line 322:

"Question: what will I do?" he said before his mother.

cid atob·aich cen dílgud cech ancridi do·gnethe frib, et ní bethe fria acre

what impels you pl not to forgive every injury that may have been done to you, and that you should not be about to sue [because of] it?

Ro·cluinethar cách in fogur et nícon·ḟitir cid as·beir.

Everyone hears the sound and does not know what it says.


cid

cid ara·mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib


cid

Univerbation of cía (“though”) + is/ba (“is (indicative or subjunctive)”)

univerbation

cid écen aisndís do neuch as doruid co léir, ní sechmalfaider cuimre and dano

though it is necessary to explain carefully anything that is difficult, however brevity will not be passed by

Bed indbadigthi .i. bed chuintechti .i. cid fáilte ad·cot-sa ⁊ du·ngnéu, is túsu immid·folngi dam, a Dǽ; cid indeb dano ad·cot, is tú, Dǽ, immid·folngi dam.

To be enriched, i.e. to be sought, i.e. though it is joy that I obtain and make, it is you who effects it for me, O God; so too, though it is wealth that I obtain, it is you, God, who effects it for me.


cid

Mad áill dúib cid accaldam neich diib, da·rigénte.

If you pl desired even to address any of them, you could do it.


cía airm

Ní fiastar som cía airm indid immaircide do epert amén – "He will not know where it is fitting in it for him to say amen".


cairm

Cairm in tibre dam? – Where will you give [it] to me?


cía dú

Cía dú cosa·tiagam? – "Where are we going?" (lit. "What place to which we are going?")

(interrogative) where (to what place), whither?


cía chruth

Is hésom ro·fitir cía chruth pridchimmeni – "It is he who knows how we preach"


cía indas

Décaid a eredig ⁊ a arma cía indas rund·gabsat – "Behold his cup and his weapons, how they are."


cindas

Irish: conas

Manx: kanys

Scottish Gaelic: cionnas

Cindas rainnfither in mucc? – "How will the pig be divided?"


nícon

Irish: cha

Scottish Gaelic: cha

Manx: cha

From ní (“not”) and probably co (“to, toward”).

Ro·cluinethar cách in fogur et níɔ·fitir cid as·beir.

Everyone hears the sound and doesn't know what he says.


lenab

lenab (nominative singular)
lenab (dual nominative)
lenaib (nominative plural)
lenaib (singular vocative)
lenab (dual vocative)
lenbu (plural vocative)
lenab (accusative singular)
lenab (accusative dual)
lenbu (accusative plural)
lenaib (genitive singular)
lenab (dual genitive)
lenab (genitive plural)
lenab (dative singular)
lenbaib (dative dual)
lenbaib (dative plural)

Irish: leanbh

Manx: lhiannoo

Scottish Gaelic: leanabh


gáeth

gáeth (masculine nominative singular)
gáeth (feminine nominative singular)
gáeth (neuter nominative singular)
gaíth (masculine singular vocative)
gáeth (masculine singular vocative)
gáeth (feminine singular vocative)
gáeth (neuter singular vocative)
gáeth (accusative masculine singular)
gaíth (accusative feminine singular)
gáeth (accusative neuter singular)
gaíth (genitive masculine singular)
gaíthe (feminine genitive singular)
gaíth (genitive neuter singular)
gáeth (dative masculine singular)
gaíth (dative feminine singular)
gáeth (dative neuter singular)
gaíth (masculine nominative plural)
gáetha (feminine neuter nominative plural)
gáethu (masculine plural vocative)
gáetha (masculine plural vocative)
gáetha (feminine neuter plural vocative)
gáethu (accusative masculine plural)
gáetha (accusative masculine plural)
gáetha (accusative feminine neuter plural)
gáeth (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
gáethaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: gaoth


gáeth

gáeth (nominative singular)
gaíth (dual nominative)
gáetha (nominative plural)
gáeth (singular vocative)
gaíth (dual vocative)
gáetha (plural vocative)
gaíth (accusative singular)
gaíth (accusative dual)
gáetha (accusative plural)
gaíthe (genitive singular)
gáeth (dual genitive)
gáeth (genitive plural)
gaíth (dative singular)
gáethaib (dative dual)
gáethaib (dative plural)

Irish: gaoth

Manx: geay

Scottish Gaelic: gaoth

⇒ Middle Irish: gáethamlacht

desctree

⇒ Middle Irish: gáethmar
Irish: gaofar
Scottish Gaelic: gaothar, gaothmhor

I fear not the coursing of a clear sea by the fierce heroes from Lothlend.

Verses in the St Gall Priscian Is acher in gaíth innocht fu·fuasna fairggæ findḟolt ni ágor réimm mora minn dond láechraid lainn ua Lothlind. Bitter is the wind to-night: it tosses the ocean’s white hair


gáeth

head

gáeth m or f (genitive unattested, no plural)

Irish: gaoth

Uncertain. Perhaps attested in Primitive Irish ᚌᚐᚈᚈᚕᚌᚂᚐᚅ (gattea-glan, “(?)having clean water”).


scían

scían (nominative singular)
scín (dual nominative)
scéna (nominative plural)
scían (singular vocative)
scín (dual vocative)
scéna (plural vocative)
scín (accusative singular)
scín (accusative dual)
scéna (accusative plural)
scéine (genitive singular)
scine (genitive singular)
scían (dual genitive)
scén (dual genitive)
scían (genitive plural)
scén (genitive plural)
scín (dative singular)
scénaib (dative dual)
scénaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: scian

Irish: scian

Manx: skynn

Scottish Gaelic: sgian

desctree

→ Middle English: skene, sceyne
English: skean, skene, skeyn

→ Old Welsh: *scien

Middle Welsh: ysgien

Welsh: ysgien

Originally disyllabic scïan. From Proto-Celtic *skiyenā, from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut”). According to some it is borrowed from Latin s(a)cēna (“sacrificial axe”).


ainmm

head

ainmm n (genitive anmae, nominative plural anman)

anmae (genitive)
anman (nominative plural)
ainmm (nominative singular)
ainmm (dual nominative)
anman (nominative plural)
anmann (nominative plural)
anmman (nominative plural)
ainmm (singular vocative)
ainmm (dual vocative)
anman (plural vocative)
anmann (plural vocative)
anmman (plural vocative)
ainmm (accusative singular)
ainmm (accusative dual)
anman (accusative plural)
anmann (accusative plural)
anmman (accusative plural)
anmae (genitive singular)
anman (dual genitive)
anmann (dual genitive)
anmman (dual genitive)
anman (genitive plural)
anmann (genitive plural)
anmman (genitive plural)
anmaim (dative singular)
anmanaib (dative dual)
anmanaib (dative plural)
ainmm
n-ainmm

desctree

Middle Irish: ainm
Irish: ainm
Manx: ennym
Scottish Gaelic: ainm

From Primitive Irish ᚐᚅᚋ (anm), from Proto-Celtic *anman, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”).

Ní epur a n-anman sund.

Air mad panem nammá du·berad-som ⁊ ní taibred meum, ro·bad dund ṡásad dïant ainm panis tantum no·regad; húare immurgu du·n-uic meum, is ar chech ṡásad da·uic-som amal sodin.

For if it were panem only that he put and he did not put meum, it would be only to the food to which is [given] the name panis that it would apply; however, because he has put meum, it is for every food then that he has put that.

Bés as·bera-su as n‑ai⟨n⟩m dosom animus ci at·bela.

Maybe you would say that animus is its name though it may die.

nibí dechor etir diall n-anmann ⁊ pronominum

there is no difference between the declension of nouns and pronouns

ind anme fil ina chomṡuidigud

anmman do·rónta de dobríathraib


slíab

head

slíab n (genitive slébe, nominative plural slébe)

slébe (genitive)
slébe (nominative plural)
slíab (nominative singular)
slíab (dual nominative)
sléibe (nominative plural)
slíab (singular vocative)
slíab (dual vocative)
sléibe (plural vocative)
slíab (accusative singular)
slíab (accusative dual)
sléibe (accusative plural)
sléibe (genitive singular)
sléibe (dual genitive)
sléibe (genitive plural)
sléib (dative singular)
sléibib (dative dual)
sléibib (dative plural)
slíab
ṡlíab

Irish: sliabh

Manx: slieau

Scottish Gaelic: sliabh

[sʲl͈ʲiːa̯β]

Amal du·berad nech hi ceist do Dauid: “Húare is móir sléb fírinne Dǽ, cid ara fodmai-siu, ⟨a⟩ Dauid, didiu a ndu imnedaib ⁊ frithoircnib fodaimi? Air it fírián-⟨s⟩u.” Ícaid-som didiu anísin, a n-as·mbeir iudicia Domini abisus multa .i. ataat mesai Dǽ nephchomtetarrachti amal abis ⁊ amal fudumain. Is ed in sin fod·era in n-erígim, cid ara fodaim int aís fírián inna fochaidi, ⁊ cid ara mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib.

As though someone had put as a question to David: “Because God’s righteousness is as great as a mountain, why then, David, dost thou suffer what of afflictions and injuries thou sufferest? For thou art righteous.” He solves that then when he says “iudicia Domini abyssus multa”, i.e. there are judgments of God incomprehensible like an abyss and like a depth. That is what causes the complaint why the righteous folk endure tribulations, and why sinners are in prosperity.

Amal rund·gab slíab Sión andes ⁊ antúaid du⟨n⟩ chath⟨raig⟩ dïa dítin, sic rund·gabsat ar ṅdá thoíb du dítin ar n-inmedónach-ni.

As Mount Sion is located on the south and the north of the city to protect it, so are our two sides there to protect our insides.


cnocc

cnocc m (genitive cnuicc, nominative plural cnuicc)

cnuicc (genitive)
cnuicc (nominative plural)
cnocc (nominative singular)
cnocc (dual nominative)
cnuicc (nominative plural)
cnuicc (singular vocative)
cnocc (dual vocative)
cnuccu (plural vocative)
cnocc (accusative singular)
cnocc (accusative dual)
cnuccu (accusative plural)
cnuicc (genitive singular)
cnocc (dual genitive)
cnocc (genitive plural)
cnucc (dative singular)
cnoccaib (dative dual)
cnoccaib (dative plural)
cnocc
chnocc
cnocc

Irish: cnoc

Manx: cronk

⇒ Middle Irish: cnocán

Scottish Gaelic: cnoc

→ Welsh: cnwc

cnocc glosses ulcus


mucc

mucc f (genitive muicce, nominative plural mucca)

muicce (genitive)
mucca (nominative plural)
mucc (nominative singular)
muicc (dual nominative)
mucca (nominative plural)
mucc (singular vocative)
muicc (dual vocative)
mucca (plural vocative)
muicc (accusative singular)
muicc (accusative dual)
mucca (accusative plural)
muicce (genitive singular)
mucc (dual genitive)
mucc (genitive plural)
muicc (dative singular)
muccaib (dative dual)
muccaib (dative plural)
mucc
also mmucc after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

desctree

Middle Irish: mucc
Irish: muc
Manx: muc
Scottish Gaelic: muc

From Proto-Celtic *mokkus (compare Welsh moch, Cornish mogh, Breton moc’h).

mucc [translating sus]


íasc

head

íasc m (genitive éisc, nominative plural éisc)

éisc (genitive)
éisc (nominative plural)
íasc (nominative singular)
íasc (dual nominative)
éisc (nominative plural)
éisc (singular vocative)
íasc (dual vocative)
íascu (plural vocative)
íasc (accusative singular)
íasc (accusative dual)
íascu (accusative plural)
éisc (genitive singular)
íasc (dual genitive)
íasc (genitive plural)
íasc (dative singular)
íascaib (dative dual)
íascaib (dative plural)
íasc
n-íasc

Irish: iasc

Manx: eeast

Scottish Gaelic: iasg

From Proto-Celtic *ɸeiskos, from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-.


snechtae

snechtae (nominative singular)
snechtae (dual nominative)
snechtai (nominative plural)
snechtai (singular vocative)
snechtae (dual vocative)
snechtu (plural vocative)
snechtae (accusative singular)
snechtae (accusative dual)
snechtu (accusative plural)
snechtai (genitive singular)
snechtae (dual genitive)
snechtae (genitive plural)
snechtu (dative singular)
snechtaib (dative dual)
snechtaib (dative plural)
snechtae
ṡnechtae

Middle Irish: snechta

Irish: sneachta

Manx: sniaghtey

Scottish Gaelic: sneachda

From a suffixed derivative of Proto-Indo-European *snéygʷʰs (“snow”); related to Proto-Celtic *snigʷyeti (“to snow”).


rétglu

rétglu f (genitive rétglann, nominative plural rétglainn)

rétglann (genitive)
rétglainn (nominative plural)
rétglu (nominative singular)
rétglainn (dual nominative)
rétglainn (nominative plural)
rétglu (singular vocative)
rétglainn (dual vocative)
rétglanna (plural vocative)
rétglainn (accusative singular)
rétglainn (accusative dual)
rétglanna (accusative plural)
rétglann (genitive singular)
rétglann (dual genitive)
rétglann (genitive plural)
rétglainn (dative singular)
rétglu (dative singular)
rétglannaib (dative dual)
rétglannaib (dative plural)
rétglu
also rrétglu after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Middle Irish: rétlu

Irish: réalta

Manx: rolt

Scottish Gaelic: reul

The first element is rét (“thing”). The second element is an n-stem derivative of Proto-Celtic *glāwos (“coal”, literally “glowing”), whence also Welsh glo and Breton glaou.


imdae

imdu (comparative)
imdae (masculine nominative singular)
imdae (feminine nominative singular)
imdae (neuter nominative singular)
imdai (masculine singular vocative)
imdae (feminine singular vocative)
imdae (neuter singular vocative)
imdae (accusative masculine singular)
imdai (accusative feminine singular)
imdae (accusative neuter singular)
imdai (genitive masculine singular)
imdae (feminine genitive singular)
imdai (genitive neuter singular)
imdu (dative masculine singular)
imdai (dative feminine singular)
imdu (dative neuter singular)
imdai (masculine nominative plural)
imdai (feminine neuter nominative plural)
imdai (masculine plural vocative)
imdu (masculine plural vocative)
imdai (feminine neuter plural vocative)
imdai (accusative masculine plural)
imdu (accusative masculine plural)
imdai (accusative feminine neuter plural)
imdae (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
imdaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: iomaí

Manx: shimmey

Scottish Gaelic: iomadh

cit imdi far forcitlidi


imdae

imdae (genitive)
imdad (genitive)
imdae (nominative singular)
imdai (dual nominative)
imdai (nominative plural)
imdae (singular vocative)
imdai (dual vocative)
imdai (plural vocative)
imdai (accusative singular)
imdai (accusative dual)
imdai (accusative plural)
imdae (genitive singular)
imdae (dual genitive)
imdae (genitive plural)
imdai (dative singular)
imdaib (dative dual)
imdaib (dative plural)
imdae (nominative singular)
imdaid (dual nominative)
imdae (dual nominative)
imdaid (nominative plural)
imdae (singular vocative)
imdaid (dual vocative)
imdae (dual vocative)
imdada (plural vocative)
imdaid (accusative singular)
imdaid (accusative dual)
imdae (accusative dual)
imdada (accusative plural)
imdad (genitive singular)
imdad (dual genitive)
imdad (genitive plural)
imdaid (dative singular)
imdadaib (dative dual)
imdadaib (dative plural)
imdae
n-imdae


nád

negative relative particle: who/which/that … not

negative particle introducing noun clause: that … not

conflation of negative relative particle with is: who/which/that is not


díriuch

dírgu (comparative)
díriuch (masculine nominative singular)
díriuch (feminine nominative singular)
díriuch (neuter nominative singular)
díriuch (masculine singular vocative)
díriuch (feminine singular vocative)
díriuch (neuter singular vocative)
díriuch (accusative masculine singular)
dírig (accusative feminine singular)
díriuch (accusative neuter singular)
dírig (genitive masculine singular)
dírgae (feminine genitive singular)
dírig (genitive neuter singular)
díriuch (dative masculine singular)
dírig (dative feminine singular)
díriuch (dative neuter singular)
dírgai (masculine nominative plural)
dírgai (feminine neuter nominative plural)
dírgai (masculine plural vocative)
dírgai (feminine neuter plural vocative)
dírgai (accusative masculine plural)
dírgai (accusative feminine neuter plural)
dírgaib (dative feminine masculine neuter)
díriuch
ndíriuch

Irish: díreach

Manx: jeeragh

Scottish Gaelic: dìreach

From Old Irish *riug, from Proto-Celtic *rigus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵ-u-s ~ *h₃r̥ǵ-éw-s (“straight”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-. Sanskrit ऋजुः ~ ऋजोः (ṛjúḥ ~ ṛjóḥ, “straight”) is a precise cognate, both having generalised zero grade in the root. Ancient Greek ὀρεκτός (orektós), Latin rēctus, and English right are also related.
Because u-stem adjectives are rare in Old Irish, it is unlikely to have been borrowed from Latin dīrectus, but the addition of the intensive prefix di- could have been influenced by the Latin term of the same meaning.


peccad

head

peccad m (genitive pectha, nominative plural pecthe)

pectha (genitive)
pecthe (nominative plural)
peccad (nominative singular)
peccath (nominative singular)
pecad (nominative singular)
peccad (dual nominative)
peccath (dual nominative)
pecad (dual nominative)
pecthi (nominative plural)
peccthi (nominative plural)
pectha (nominative plural)
pecthai (nominative plural)
pecdæ (nominative plural)
pecthe (nominative plural)
pecthae (nominative plural)
peccad (singular vocative)
peccath (singular vocative)
pecad (singular vocative)
peccad (dual vocative)
peccath (dual vocative)
pecad (dual vocative)
pecthu (plural vocative)
peccad (accusative singular)
peccath (accusative singular)
pecad (accusative singular)
peccad (accusative dual)
peccath (accusative dual)
pecad (accusative dual)
pecthu (accusative plural)
pectho (genitive singular)
pecctho (genitive singular)
pectha (genitive singular)
pecctha (genitive singular)
pectho (dual genitive)
pecctho (dual genitive)
pectha (dual genitive)
pecctha (dual genitive)
pecthe (genitive plural)
pecthae (genitive plural)
peccad (dative singular)
peccath (dative singular)
pecad (dative singular)
pecthib (dative dual)
pecthaib (dative dual)
pecthib (dative plural)
pecthaib (dative plural)
peccad
pheccad
or unchanged
peccad

Middle Irish: peccad (o-stem)

Irish: peaca

Manx: peccah

Scottish Gaelic: peacadh

Borrowed from Latin peccātum. The inflection as a masculine u-stem is due to analogy with the verbal noun suffix -ad.


óc

oä (comparative)
oäm (superlative)
óc (masculine nominative singular)
óc (feminine nominative singular)
óc (neuter nominative singular)
óic (masculine singular vocative)
óc (masculine singular vocative)
óc (feminine singular vocative)
óc (neuter singular vocative)
óc (accusative masculine singular)
óic (accusative feminine singular)
óc (accusative neuter singular)
óic (genitive masculine singular)
óice (feminine genitive singular)
óic (genitive neuter singular)
óc (dative masculine singular)
óic (dative feminine singular)
óc (dative neuter singular)
óic (masculine nominative plural)
óca (feminine neuter nominative plural)
ócu (masculine plural vocative)
óca (masculine plural vocative)
óca (feminine neuter plural vocative)
ócu (accusative masculine plural)
óca (accusative masculine plural)
óca (accusative feminine neuter plural)
óc (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
ócaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: óg

Manx: aeg

Scottish Gaelic: òg

From hiatus form oäc, from early oëc, from Proto-Celtic *yuwankos (compare Welsh ieuanc and Breton yaouank), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yuh₁n̥ḱós (compare English young).


óc

óc (nominative singular)
óc (dual nominative)
óic (nominative plural)
óic (singular vocative)
óc (dual vocative)
ócu (plural vocative)
óc (accusative singular)
óc (accusative dual)
ócu (accusative plural)
óic (genitive singular)
óc (dual genitive)
óc (genitive plural)
óc (dative singular)
ócaib (dative dual)
ócaib (dative plural)
óc
n-óc


crocenn

crocainn (genitive)
crocenn (nominative singular)
crocenn (dual nominative)
crocenn (nominative plural)
croicnea (nominative plural)
crocenn (singular vocative)
crocenn (dual vocative)
crocenn (plural vocative)
croicnea (plural vocative)
crocenn (accusative singular)
crocenn (accusative dual)
crocenn (accusative plural)
croicnea (accusative plural)
crocainn (genitive singular)
crocenn (dual genitive)
crocenn (genitive plural)
crocunn (dative singular)
croicnib (dative dual)
croicnib (dative plural)
crocenn
chrocenn
crocenn

Middle Irish: croicenn

Irish: craiceann

Manx: crackan

Scottish Gaelic: craiceann

From Proto-Celtic *krokkenom (“skin”), probably loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate language. However, compare Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz (“ridge, back, spine”) and German Krug.
Cognate with Breton kroc'hen, Cornish kroghen; Welsh croen (< *kroknom).


fíacail

head

fíacail m or f (genitive fíacla or fíaclu, nominative plural fíaclai)

fíacla (genitive)
fíaclu (genitive)
fíaclai (nominative plural)
fíacail (nominative singular)
fíacail (dual nominative)
fíaclai (nominative plural)
fíacail (singular vocative)
fíacail (dual vocative)
fíaclai (plural vocative)
fíacail (accusative singular)
fíacail (accusative dual)
fíaclai (accusative plural)
fíaclo (genitive singular)
fíacla (genitive singular)
fíaclo (dual genitive)
fíacla (dual genitive)
fíaclae (genitive plural)
fíacail (dative singular)
fíaclaib (dative dual)
fíaclaib (dative plural)
fíacail
ḟíacail
fíacail

Irish: fiacail

Manx: feeackle

Scottish Gaelic: fiacaill

[ˈɸʲiːa̯kɨlʲ]

Unknown. Michael Weiss has expressed a complete lack of faith that any satisfactory etymology can be found: "No etymology worth its salt."
Discredited etymologies
* An ancient etymology derives it from Latin fīgō (“to fix”), the idea being that a tooth is a "mouth fixture"; this explanation is impossible on phonological grounds and extremely unlikely on semantic ones.
* MacBain suggests a connection with Middle Irish fec (“spade, tooth, tusk”), assuming that the latter is actually *féc; the two would then both be from Proto-Celtic *weikkā of unknown origin. This etymology is also phonetically impossible because Proto-Celtic *ei should have changed to ía before an unpalatalized consonant, so Middle Irish fec cannot have been **féc in the first place.

húa détnaig a fíaclae fri alailiu

by the gnashing of their teeth against each other


tengae

tengae f (genitive tengad, nominative plural tengaid)

tengad (genitive)
tengaid (nominative plural)
tengae (nominative singular)
tengaid (dual nominative)
tengae (dual nominative)
tengaid (nominative plural)
tengae (singular vocative)
tengaid (dual vocative)
tengae (dual vocative)
tengtha (plural vocative)
tengaid (accusative singular)
tengaid (accusative dual)
tengae (accusative dual)
tengtha (accusative plural)
tengad (genitive singular)
tengad (dual genitive)
tengad (genitive plural)
tengaid (dative singular)
teng (dative singular)
tenga (dative singular)
tengthaib (dative dual)
tengthaib (dative plural)
tengae
thengae
tengae

Irish: teanga

Manx: çhengey

Scottish Gaelic: teanga

From Proto-Celtic *tangʷāss (compare Welsh tafod), from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s (“tongue, speech, language”).

inh

in bélrai .i. is and atá gním tengad isind huiliu labramar-ni

of speech, i.e. the action of the tongue is in all that we say


sacart

sacart (nominative singular)
sacart (dual nominative)
sacairt (nominative plural)
sacairt (singular vocative)
sacart (dual vocative)
sacartu (plural vocative)
sacart (accusative singular)
sacart (accusative dual)
sacartu (accusative plural)
sacairt (genitive singular)
sacart (dual genitive)
sacart (genitive plural)
sacurt (dative singular)
sacartaib (dative dual)
sacartaib (dative plural)
sacart
ṡacart

Irish: sagart

Manx: saggyrt

Scottish Gaelic: sagart

⇒ Middle Irish: sacartacht


druimm

head

druimm n (genitive drommo, nominative plural drummai)

drommo (genitive)
drummai (nominative plural)
druimm (nominative singular)
druimm (dual nominative)
drummae (nominative plural)
druimm (singular vocative)
druimm (dual vocative)
drummae (plural vocative)
druimm (accusative singular)
druimm (accusative dual)
drummae (accusative plural)
drommo (genitive singular)
dromma (genitive singular)
drommo (dual genitive)
dromma (dual genitive)
drummae (genitive plural)
druimm (dative singular)
drummaib (dative dual)
drummaib (dative plural)
druimm
ndruimm

Irish: droim

Manx: dreeym

Scottish Gaelic: druim

From Proto-Celtic *drosman, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *térmn̥ (“end, boundary”), the source of English tram, Proto-Germanic *þrumą (“butt, block”). Or, possibly related to Latin dorsum (“back, ridge”).


fairrge

head

fairrge f (genitive fairrge, nominative plural fairrgi)

fairrge (genitive)
fairrgi (nominative plural)
fairrge (nominative singular)
fairrgi (dual nominative)
fairrgi (nominative plural)
fairrge (singular vocative)
fairrgi (dual vocative)
fairrgi (plural vocative)
fairrgi (accusative singular)
fairrgi (accusative dual)
fairrgi (accusative plural)
fairrge (genitive singular)
fairrge (dual genitive)
fairrge (genitive plural)
fairrgi (dative singular)
fairrgib (dative dual)
fairrgib (dative plural)
fairrge
ḟairrge
fairrge

Irish: farraige

Manx: faarkey

Scottish Gaelic: fairge

Possibly from the root of fairsiung (“ample, broad”).


macc

macc m (genitive maicc or meicc, nominative plural maicc or meicc)

maicc (genitive)
meicc (genitive)
maicc (nominative plural)
meicc (nominative plural)
macc (nominative singular)
mac (nominative singular)
macc (dual nominative)
mac (dual nominative)
maic (nominative plural)
maicc (nominative plural)
meic (nominative plural)
meicc (nominative plural)
maic (singular vocative)
maicc (singular vocative)
meic (singular vocative)
meicc (singular vocative)
macc (dual vocative)
mac (dual vocative)
maccu (plural vocative)
macc (accusative singular)
mac (accusative singular)
macc (accusative dual)
mac (accusative dual)
maccu (accusative plural)
maic (genitive singular)
maicc (genitive singular)
meic (genitive singular)
meicc (genitive singular)
macc (dual genitive)
mac (dual genitive)
macc (genitive plural)
mac (genitive plural)
macc (dative singular)
mac (dative singular)
maccaib (dative dual)
maccaib (dative plural)
macc
also mmacc after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

desctree

Middle Irish: mac
Irish: mac
Manx: mac
Scottish Gaelic: mac

From Primitive Irish ᚋᚐᚊᚊᚔ (maqqi, genitive), from Proto-Celtic *makkʷos, a variant of *makʷos (“son”) (compare Welsh mab, Gaulish mapos, Maponos), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ḱ- (“to raise, increase”) (compare Ancient Greek μακρός (makrós, “long”), Latin macer (“thin”).

inh

Hóre ammi maicc laí et soilse, ná seichem nahísiu.

Since we are children of day and light, let us not follow these things.

Fomnid-si, a phopul núíednissi, ar ce dud·rónath ní di maith fri maccu Israhél…

Take heed, O people of the New Testament, for although some good has been done to the children of Israel…

Ní derlaicht⟨h⟩a a pecdæ doïb acht du·ratad dígal forru. Cenotad maic-si raith dano, má im·roimsid ní dílgibther dúib.

Their sins have not been forgiven them, but punishment has been inflicted upon them. Though you pl, then, are children of grace, if you sin, you will not be forgiven.

in tan as·mbeir, “Taít, á maccu”


imb

imme (genitive)
imb (nominative singular)
imb (singular vocative)
imb (accusative singular)
imme (genitive singular)
immim (dative singular)

Irish: im

Manx: eeym

Scottish Gaelic: ìm

From Proto-Celtic *amban (compare Welsh ymenyn), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃engʷen- (compare Latin unguen (“grease”), Old High German ancho (“butter”)), from *h₃engʷ- (“anoint”).


imb

immum (first-person singular)
immut (second-person singular)
imbi (accusative singular)
immi (accusative singular)
impe (accusative singular)
immunn (dative first-person plural)
immib (dative plural second-person)
impu (accusative plural third-person)
impo (accusative plural third-person)
imb
n-imb

Irish: um

Scottish Gaelic: mu

Manx: mysh

From Proto-Celtic *ambi (compare Welsh am), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“round about, around”). Cognate with Latin ambi-, Sanskrit अभि (abhí, “towards, over, upon”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 (a-b-i-y /abiy/, “towards, against, upon”), Old High German umbi, Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “about, around”) and the first part of Old Armenian ամբ-ողջ (amb-ołǰ, “whole”).

cog

Gaibid immib a n‑étach macc coím-sa, amal nondad maicc coím-a, .i. uiscera is hé in dechellt as·beir.

Put on this raiment of servants, as you all are servants, i.e. viscera is the garment that he mentions.

Hó goistiu .i. do·bert goiste imma brágait fadesin ɔid·marb, húare nád ndigni Abisolón a chomairli.

By a noose, i.e. he put a noose around his own neck so that it killed him, because Absalom did not follow his advice.


grían

grían (nominative singular)
gréin (dual nominative)
gríana (nominative plural)
grían (singular vocative)
gréin (dual vocative)
gríana (plural vocative)
gréin (accusative singular)
gréin (accusative dual)
gríana (accusative plural)
gréine (genitive singular)
grían (dual genitive)
grían (genitive plural)
gréin (dative singular)
gríanaib (dative dual)
gríanaib (dative plural)
grían
ngrían

Irish: grian

Manx: grian

Scottish Gaelic: grian

From Proto-Celtic *greinā. Further etymology uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to be warm, hot”).
Matasović reconstructs Proto-Celtic *gʷrensnā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrenso- (“warm”) (whence Sanskrit घ्रंस (ghraṃsa, “heat of the sun”) and Proto-Celtic *gʷrensos, whence Middle Welsh gwres (“heat (of the sun, fire)”), compare also Proto-Celtic *gʷrīns, whence derived *gʷrīnsā > Old Irish grís (“heat (of the sun), fire, embers”).


cóic

Irish: cúig

Manx: queig

Scottish Gaelic: còig

From Proto-Celtic *kʷenkʷe. Lengthening *e > *ē is expected, but the shift to /oː/ is not. From Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.


cóiced

cóiced (masculine nominative singular)
cóiced (feminine nominative singular)
cóiced (neuter nominative singular)
cóicid (masculine singular vocative)
cóiced (masculine singular vocative)
cóiced (feminine singular vocative)
cóiced (neuter singular vocative)
cóiced (accusative masculine singular)
cóicid (accusative feminine singular)
cóiced (accusative neuter singular)
cóicid (genitive masculine singular)
cóicide (feminine genitive singular)
cóicthe (feminine genitive singular)
cóicid (genitive neuter singular)
cóiciud (dative masculine singular)
cóicid (dative feminine singular)
cóiciud (dative neuter singular)
cóicid (masculine nominative plural)
cóiceda (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cóicedu (masculine plural vocative)
cóiceda (masculine plural vocative)
cóiceda (feminine neuter plural vocative)
cóicedu (accusative masculine plural)
cóiceda (accusative masculine plural)
cóiceda (accusative feminine neuter plural)
cóiced (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
cóicedaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

desctree

Middle Irish: cóiced
Irish: cúigiú
Manx: queiggoo
Scottish Gaelic: còigeamh


cóiced

cóicid (genitive)
cóiced (nominative singular)
cóiced (dual nominative)
cóiced (nominative plural)
cóiceda (nominative plural)
cóiced (singular vocative)
cóiced (dual vocative)
cóiced (plural vocative)
cóiceda (plural vocative)
cóiced (accusative singular)
cóiced (accusative dual)
cóiced (accusative plural)
cóiceda (accusative plural)
cóicid (genitive singular)
cóiced (dual genitive)
cóiced (genitive plural)
cóiciud (dative singular)
cóicedaib (dative dual)
cóicedaib (dative plural)
cóiced
chóiced
cóiced

Irish: cúige

Manx: queiggey

Scottish Gaelic: còigeamh


bás

bás (nominative singular)
bás (dual nominative)
bás (nominative plural)
bása (nominative plural)
bás (singular vocative)
bás (dual vocative)
bás (plural vocative)
bása (plural vocative)
bás (accusative singular)
bás (accusative dual)
bás (accusative plural)
bása (accusative plural)
báis (genitive singular)
bás (dual genitive)
bás (genitive plural)
bás (dative singular)
básaib (dative dual)
básaib (dative plural)
bás
mbás

Middle Irish: bás
Irish: bás
Manx: baase
Scottish Gaelic: bàs

From Proto-Celtic *bāstom, bāssom, from either Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂- (“to go”) or *(s)gʷes- (“to extinguish”).

Ná eiplet húan bás coitchen húa n‑epil cách, acht foircniter húa sain-bás sech cách.

Let them not die by the common death by which everyone dies, but let them be ended by a special death different from everyone.


scíath

scíath (nominative singular)
scíath (dual nominative)
scéith (nominative plural)
scéith (singular vocative)
scíath (dual vocative)
scíathu (plural vocative)
scíath (accusative singular)
scíath (accusative dual)
scíathu (accusative plural)
scéith (genitive singular)
scíath (dual genitive)
scíath (genitive plural)
scíath (dative singular)
scíathaib (dative dual)
scíathaib (dative plural)

Irish: sciath

Scottish Gaelic: sgiath

From Proto-Celtic *skeitos (compare Breton skoed (“shield”)), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, separate”). Compare Latin scūtum, Old Church Slavonic щитъ (štitŭ).


scíath

Irish: sciath

Scottish Gaelic: sgiath

The final th (/θ/) was modified from d (/ð/) sometime in the prehistory of Old Irish under the influence of scíath (“shield”) above. From Proto-Celtic *skeidā (“wing, shoulder”). Cognate with Welsh ysgwydd (“shoulder”), Breton skoaz (“shoulder”), and Cornish skoodh (“shoulder”)


sní

From Proto-Celtic *snīs (compare Welsh ni), from Proto-Indo-European *nos, compare Latin nōs, Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐍃 (uns).

o sní credentes in Christo

Ní sní cetid·deirgni ⁊ ní sní dud·rigni nammá.

We have not done it first, and we have not done it alone.


snisni

From Proto-Celtic *snisni (compare Welsh nini).

snisni ata sonortu


bannae

bannae (nominative singular)
bannae (dual nominative)
bannai (nominative plural)
bannai (singular vocative)
bannae (dual vocative)
bannu (plural vocative)
bannae (accusative singular)
bannae (accusative dual)
bannu (accusative plural)
bannai (genitive singular)
bannae (dual genitive)
bannae (genitive plural)
bannu (dative singular)
bannaib (dative dual)
bannaib (dative plural)
bannae (nominative singular)
bannae (dual nominative)
bannae (nominative plural)
bannae (singular vocative)
bannae (dual vocative)
bannae (plural vocative)
bannae (accusative singular)
bannae (accusative dual)
bannae (accusative plural)
bannai (genitive singular)
bannae (dual genitive)
bannae (genitive plural)
bannu (dative singular)
bannaib (dative dual)
bannaib (dative plural)
bannae
mbannae

Middle Irish: bainne

Irish: bainne

Manx: bainney

Scottish Gaelic: bainne

From Proto-Celtic *bandyo- (“drop”), loaned from a source akin to Proto-Slavic *baňa (“bath”), Latin balneum (“bath”), all from Ancient Greek βαλανεῖον (balaneîon, “bath”). Also compared is Proto-Indo-Aryan *bindúṣ (“drop, particle, globule”), but Matasovic rejects this.
Brittonic cognates include Middle Cornish and Breton banne (“drop”).


bolg

head

bolg m (genitive builg, nominative plural builg)

builg (genitive)
builg (nominative plural)
bolg (nominative singular)
bolg (dual nominative)
builg (nominative plural)
builg (singular vocative)
bolg (dual vocative)
bolgu (plural vocative)
bolg (accusative singular)
bolg (accusative dual)
bolgu (accusative plural)
builg (genitive singular)
bolg (dual genitive)
bolg (genitive plural)
bolg (dative singular)
bolgaib (dative dual)
bolgaib (dative plural)

desctree

Irish: bolg
→⇒ Yola: wurgheere (< bhoilg)

Manx: bolg

⇒ Scottish Gaelic: bolgan

⇒ Middle Irish: saigetbolc

From Proto-Celtic *bolgos (“belly”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”).


bolg

head

bolg f (genitive unattested, nominative plural bolga)

bolga (nominative plural)
bolg (nominative singular)
builg (dual nominative)
bolga (nominative plural)
bolg (singular vocative)
builg (dual vocative)
bolga (plural vocative)
builg (accusative singular)
builg (accusative dual)
bolga (accusative plural)
builge (genitive singular)
bolg (dual genitive)
bolg (genitive plural)
builg (dative singular)
bolgaib (dative dual)
bolgaib (dative plural)
bolg
mbolg


blíadain

blíadain f (genitive blíadnae, nominative plural blíadnai)

blíadnae (genitive)
blíadnai (nominative plural)
blíadain (nominative singular)
blíadain (dual nominative)
blíadnai (nominative plural)
blíadain (singular vocative)
blíadain (dual vocative)
blíadnai (plural vocative)
blíadnai (accusative singular)
blíadain (accusative dual)
blíadnai (accusative plural)
blíadnae (genitive singular)
blíadnae (dual genitive)
blíadnae (genitive plural)
blíadnai (dative singular)
blíadain (dative singular)
blíadnaib (dative dual)
blíadnaib (dative plural)
blíadain
mblíadain

Irish: bliain

Manx: blein

Scottish Gaelic: bliadhna

[ˈbʲlʲiːa̯ðɨnʲ]

From Proto-Celtic *bleidanī (“year”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyd- (“pale”), though the semantic connection is weak. See also Lithuanian blaĩvas (“whitish, blue, sober”), Proto-West Germanic *blait, Albanian blehurë.
Celtic cognates include Cornish blydhen, Breton blizen, Welsh blwyddyn.


sóer

sóer (masculine nominative singular)
sóer (feminine nominative singular)
sóer (neuter nominative singular)
soír (masculine singular vocative)
sóer (masculine singular vocative)
sóer (feminine singular vocative)
sóer (neuter singular vocative)
sóer (accusative masculine singular)
soír (accusative feminine singular)
sóer (accusative neuter singular)
soír (genitive masculine singular)
soíre (feminine genitive singular)
soír (genitive neuter singular)
sóer (dative masculine singular)
soír (dative feminine singular)
sóer (dative neuter singular)
soír (masculine nominative plural)
sóera (feminine neuter nominative plural)
sóeru (masculine plural vocative)
sóera (masculine plural vocative)
sóera (feminine neuter plural vocative)
sóeru (accusative masculine plural)
sóera (accusative masculine plural)
sóera (accusative feminine neuter plural)
sóer (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
sóeraib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: saor

Manx: seyr

Scottish Gaelic: saor

From Proto-Celtic *suwiros, from *su- (“good”) + *wiros (“man”). Compare Sanskrit सुवीर (suvī́ra-, “heroic”).


sóer

head

sóer m (genitive soír, nominative plural soír)

soír (genitive)
soír (nominative plural)
sóer (nominative singular)
sóer (dual nominative)
soír (nominative plural)
soír (singular vocative)
sóer (dual vocative)
sóeru (plural vocative)
sóer (accusative singular)
sóer (accusative dual)
sóeru (accusative plural)
soír (genitive singular)
sóer (dual genitive)
sóer (genitive plural)
sóer (dative singular)
sóeraib (dative dual)
sóeraib (dative plural)
sóer
ṡóer


tosach

tosach n (genitive tosaig, nominative plural tosge)

tosaig (genitive)
tosge (nominative plural)
tosach (nominative singular)
tosach (dual nominative)
tosach (nominative plural)
tosge (nominative plural)
tosach (singular vocative)
tosach (dual vocative)
tosach (plural vocative)
tosge (plural vocative)
tosach (accusative singular)
tosach (accusative dual)
tosach (accusative plural)
tosge (accusative plural)
tosaig (genitive singular)
tosach (dual genitive)
tosach (genitive plural)
tosuch (dative singular)
toschib (dative dual)
toschib (dative plural)
tosach
thosach
tosach

Irish: tosach

Manx: toshiaght

Scottish Gaelic: toiseach

From Proto-Celtic *towissākos, from either Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“lead”) or *weyd- (“know, see”).


tét

tét (nominative singular)
tét (dual nominative)
tétae (nominative plural)
tét (singular vocative)
tét (dual vocative)
tétu (plural vocative)
tét (accusative singular)
tét (accusative dual)
tétu (accusative plural)
této (genitive singular)
téta (genitive singular)
této (dual genitive)
téta (dual genitive)
tétae (genitive plural)
tét (dative singular)
tétaib (dative dual)
tétaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: tét f

Irish: téad

Manx: tead

Scottish Gaelic: teud

From Proto-Celtic *tantus, from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch”). Cognate with Welsh tant.


tét

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

third-person singular imperative of téit

third-person singular present indicative conjunct of téit


étan

étan (nominative singular)
étan (dual nominative)
étain (nominative plural)
étain (singular vocative)
étan (dual vocative)
étanu (plural vocative)
étan (accusative singular)
étan (accusative dual)
étanu (accusative plural)
étain (genitive singular)
étan (dual genitive)
étan (genitive plural)
étan (dative singular)
étanaib (dative dual)
étanaib (dative plural)
étan
n-étan

Irish: éadan

Manx: eddin

Scottish Gaelic: aodann

From Proto-Celtic *antonos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“forehead”). Related to Latin antiae (“forelocks”). Compare Proto-Germanic *andijaz (“end”) and *umbi (“around”).


glenn

head

glenn n (genitive glinne, nominative plural glinne)

glinne (genitive)
glinne (nominative plural)
glenn (nominative singular)
glenn (dual nominative)
glinne (nominative plural)
glenn (singular vocative)
glenn (dual vocative)
glinne (plural vocative)
glenn (accusative singular)
glenn (accusative dual)
glinne (accusative plural)
glinne (genitive singular)
glinne (dual genitive)
glinne (genitive plural)
glinn (dative singular)
glinnib (dative dual)
glinnib (dative plural)

Irish: gleann

Manx: glion

Scottish Gaelic: gleann

From Proto-Celtic *glendos (compare Welsh glyn).


tús

tús (nominative singular)
tús (dual nominative)
túsae (nominative plural)
tús (singular vocative)
tús (dual vocative)
túsu (plural vocative)
tús (accusative singular)
tús (accusative dual)
túsu (accusative plural)
túso (genitive singular)
túsa (genitive singular)
túso (dual genitive)
túsa (dual genitive)
túsae (genitive plural)
tús (dative singular)
túsaib (dative dual)
túsaib (dative plural)
tús
thús
tús

Irish: tús

Scottish Gaelic: tùs

From Proto-Celtic *towissus, from either Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“lead”) or *weyd- (“know, see”).


neim

neim n or f (genitive neime, nominative plural neimi)

neime (genitive)
neimi (nominative plural)
neim (nominative singular)
neim (dual nominative)
neimi (nominative plural)
neim (singular vocative)
neim (dual vocative)
neimi (plural vocative)
neim (accusative singular)
neim (accusative dual)
neimi (accusative plural)
neime (genitive singular)
neime (dual genitive)
neime (genitive plural)
neimim (dative singular)
neimib (dative dual)
neimib (dative plural)

Irish: nimh

Manx: nieu

Scottish Gaelic: nimh

From Proto-Celtic *neman, degeminated from Proto-Indo-European *nem-mn̥, from *nem- (“to distribute, give”) + *-mn̥ (verbal noun suffix). For the semantic relationship, compare German Gift (“poison, toxin”).


béo

béo (masculine nominative singular)
béo (feminine nominative singular)
béo (neuter nominative singular)
bí (masculine singular vocative)
bíi (masculine singular vocative)
béo (masculine singular vocative)
béo (feminine singular vocative)
béo (neuter singular vocative)
béo (accusative masculine singular)
bí (accusative feminine singular)
bíi (accusative feminine singular)
béo (accusative neuter singular)
bí (genitive masculine singular)
bíi (genitive masculine singular)
bíe (feminine genitive singular)
bí (genitive neuter singular)
bíi (genitive neuter singular)
béo (dative masculine singular)
bí (dative feminine singular)
bíi (dative feminine singular)
béo (dative neuter singular)
bí (masculine nominative plural)
bíi (masculine nominative plural)
béoa (feminine neuter nominative plural)
béo (masculine plural vocative)
béoa (masculine plural vocative)
béoa (feminine neuter plural vocative)
béo (accusative masculine plural)
béoa (accusative masculine plural)
béoa (accusative feminine neuter plural)
béo (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
béoaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: beo

Manx: bio

Scottish Gaelic: beò

From Proto-Celtic *biwos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”), from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”). Compare Welsh byw.


béo

béo (nominative singular)
béo (dual nominative)
bí (nominative plural)
bíi (nominative plural)
bí (singular vocative)
bíi (singular vocative)
béo (dual vocative)
béo (plural vocative)
béo (accusative singular)
béo (accusative dual)
béo (accusative plural)
bí (genitive singular)
bíi (genitive singular)
béo (dual genitive)
béo (genitive plural)
béo (dative singular)
béoaib (dative dual)
béoaib (dative plural)


béo

first-person singular present subjunctive absolute and conjunct of at·tá