col

cuil (genitive)
col (nominative singular)
col (dual nominative)
col (nominative plural)
cola (nominative plural)
col (singular vocative)
col (dual vocative)
col (plural vocative)
cola (plural vocative)
col (accusative singular)
col (accusative dual)
col (accusative plural)
cola (accusative plural)
cuil (genitive singular)
col (dual genitive)
col (genitive plural)
col (dative singular)
colaib (dative dual)
colaib (dative plural)
col
chol
col

Irish: col

Scottish Gaelic: col (“incest”)


-u

Alternative form of -iu (when the preceding consonant (cluster) isn't palatalised)


reg

first-person singular future conjunct of téit


bard

head

bard m (genitive baird, nominative plural baird)

baird (genitive)
baird (nominative plural)
bard (nominative singular)
bard (dual nominative)
baird (nominative plural)
baird (singular vocative)
bard (dual vocative)
bardu (plural vocative)
bard (accusative singular)
bard (accusative dual)
bardu (accusative plural)
baird (genitive singular)
bard (dual genitive)
bard (genitive plural)
bard (dative singular)
bardaib (dative dual)
bardaib (dative plural)
bard
mbard

Irish: bard

Manx: bard

Scottish Gaelic: bàrd
→ English: bard


anim

anim f (genitive ainme, nominative plural anmi)

ainme (genitive)
anmi (nominative plural)
anim (nominative singular)
anim (dual nominative)
ainmi (nominative plural)
anim (singular vocative)
anim (dual vocative)
ainmi (plural vocative)
anim (accusative singular)
anim (accusative dual)
ainmi (accusative plural)
ainme (genitive singular)
ainme (dual genitive)
ainme (genitive plural)
anim (dative singular)
ainmib (dative dual)
ainmib (dative plural)

Is desin ro·gníd Ocheill for Temraig sechtair .i. clasa ráth la Cormac, conid inte no·foihed-som do grés, ar ni ba hada rí co n-anim do feis i Temraig.

Hence Achaill was built by the side of Tara, that is to say a ringfort was dug by Cormac in which he would always sleep, as it was not lawful for a king with a blemish to sleep in Tara.


anim

anim f (genitive anmae, nominative plural anmain)

anmae (genitive)
anmain (nominative plural)
anim
n-anim


leu

trisin intamail sin .i. combad ǽt leu buid domsa i n-iriss et duús in intamlitis

through that imitation, i.e. so that there may be jealousy with them for me to be in faith and if by chance they might imitate [me]

Is peccad díabul lesom .i. fodord doib di dommatu, ⁊ du·fúairthed ní leu fora sáith din main, ⁊ todlugud inna féulæ ɔ amairis nánda·tibérad Día doïb, ⁊ nach coimnacuir ⁊ issi dano insin ind frescissiu co fochaid.

It is a double sin in his opinion, i.e. the murmuring by them of want, although there remained some of the manna with them upon their satiety, and demanding the meat with faithlessness that Good would not give it to them, and [even] that he could not; therefore that is the expectation with testing.


-si

Irish: -sa

Manx: -ish, -sh

Scottish Gaelic: -se

Emphatic suffixes are added to nouns modified by a possessive determiner to emphasize the possessor

and predicate nouns to emphasize the subject

and to inflected prepositions to emphasize the object

Níba cuit adíll ⁊ cucuibsi, acht ainfa lib, ar nídad foirbthi-si; it foirbthi immurgu Macidonii.

It will not be merely a passing visit to you pl, but I will remain with you, for you are not perfect; the Macedonians, however, are perfect.

Gigeste-si Día linn ara·fulsam ar fochidi.

You will pray to God for us so that we may endure our sufferings.

Bíuu-sa oc irbáig dar far cenn-si fri Maccidóndu.

I am boasting about you to the Macedonians.


lase

lase (followed by a nasalizing relative clause)

Univerbation of la (“with”) + so (“this”)

univ

lase celebirsimme

hi sunt tra con·ricc frissa lind serb in chúrsachta lase fo·ruillecta beóil in chalich di mil cosse anall

Herein, then, he comes into contact with the bitter drink of the reproval, whereas the lips of the chalice have hitherto been smeared with honey


molto

molto
also mmolto after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


attach

ataig (genitive)
attach (nominative singular)
attach (dual nominative)
attach (nominative plural)
attacha (nominative plural)
attach (singular vocative)
attach (dual vocative)
attach (plural vocative)
attacha (plural vocative)
attach (accusative singular)
attach (accusative dual)
attach (accusative plural)
attacha (accusative plural)
attaig (genitive singular)
attach (dual genitive)
attach (genitive plural)
attuch (dative singular)
attachaib (dative dual)
attachaib (dative plural)
attach
n-attach

Middle Irish: attach

Irish: atach

Scottish Gaelic: atach

From ad- + a Celtic pre-form tekʷom. The meaning "refuge" (attested mainly in the Milan glosses, where it is its only sense) is believed to be the original meaning, with its related literal sense vanishing from its associated verb before Old Irish.

.i. a·tá Día atach ṅdúnni aís de-threbo hónaib comfulidib echtrannaib .i. ar comfulidib ar chuit ceneuil .i. ais deich-thribo ro·echtrannaigtho [leg. roechtrannaigthea] huainn hua menmain naimtidiu.

i.e. God is a refuge for us of the Two Tribes from alien kinsmen, i.e. our kinsmen by race, i.e. the Ten Tribes who were alienated from us by hostile mind.

.i. nímchubandom attach trócaire frib; is tree rob·hícad.

[illegible] to entreat mercy from you; it is through it that you pl have been saved.

Tromde iarum, ro·búi frisim ind chaillech oc atach Dé co mór.

c. 815-840, “The Monastery of Tallaght”, in Edward J. Gwynn, Walter J. Purton, transl., Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, volume 29, Royal Irish Academy, published 1911-1912, paragraph 7, pages 115-179:

Presently, the old woman wearied him with her loud praying to God.

dígbail neich den praind ┐ attag nDé fris

c. 815-840, “The Monastery of Tallaght”, in Edward J. Gwynn, Walter J. Purton, transl., Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, volume 29, Royal Irish Academy, published 1911-1912, paragraph 58, pages 115-179:

to take away part of the meal, and to invoke God in the matter

verbal noun of ad·teich: invocation, beseeching


cam

sga-decl-adj-table

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

cam (masculine nominative singular)
cam (feminine nominative singular)
cam (neuter nominative singular)
caim (masculine singular vocative)
cam (masculine singular vocative)
cam (feminine singular vocative)
cam (neuter singular vocative)
cam (accusative masculine singular)
caim (accusative feminine singular)
cam (accusative neuter singular)
caim (genitive masculine singular)
caime (feminine genitive singular)
caim (genitive neuter singular)
cam (dative masculine singular)
caim (dative feminine singular)
cam (dative neuter singular)
caim (masculine nominative plural)
cama (feminine neuter nominative plural)
camu (masculine plural vocative)
cama (masculine plural vocative)
cama (feminine neuter plural vocative)
camu (accusative masculine plural)
cama (accusative masculine plural)
cama (accusative feminine neuter plural)
cam (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
camaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
cam
cham
cam


conn

cuinn (genitive)
conn (nominative singular)
conn (dual nominative)
cuinn (nominative plural)
cuinn (singular vocative)
conn (dual vocative)
cunnu (plural vocative)
conn (accusative singular)
conn (accusative dual)
cunnu (accusative plural)
cuinn (genitive singular)
conn (dual genitive)
conn (genitive plural)
cunn (dative singular)
connaib (dative dual)
connaib (dative plural)
conn
chonn
conn

Middle Irish: conn

Irish: conn

Scottish Gaelic: conn (“sense, reason”)

Back-formation from the genitive singular and nominative plural cuinn and dative singular cunn, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom (“head”). In Primitive Irish, the genitive singular *kʷennī (attested as -ᚉᚓᚅᚅᚔ (-cennī)) raised to *kʷinnī and then the resulting *i was rounded by the initial labiovelar to result in Old Irish cuinn. In case-forms without raising, the etymological e remained as such since it was not regularly rounded by labiovelars, hence an original nominative singular cenn. Since u in o-stem nouns usually alternates with o, not e (which usually alternates with i in o-stems), two separate nouns, cenn and conn arose.


dint

Is samlid léicfimmi-ni doïbsom aisndís dint ṡéns ⁊ din mórálus, manip écóir frisin stoir ad·fíadam-ni.

It is thus we shall leave to them the exposition of the sense and the morality, if it is not at variance with the history that we relate.


druid

inflection of druí:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of druí:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


dun

Alternative spelling of dún (“fort(ress)”)


dun

Alternative spelling of dúnn (“to/for us”)


foss

foiss (genitive)
foss (nominative singular)
foss (dual nominative)
foiss (nominative plural)
foiss (singular vocative)
foss (dual vocative)
fossu (plural vocative)
foss (accusative singular)
foss (accusative dual)
fossu (accusative plural)
foiss (genitive singular)
foss (dual genitive)
foss (genitive plural)
foss (dative singular)
fossaib (dative dual)
fossaib (dative plural)

From Proto-Celtic *uɸostos, from Proto-Indo-European *upo-sth₂-ós, from *upó (“under”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”) + *-ós (“agent suffix”). Cognate to Welsh gwas (“servant”).


foss

foiss (genitive)
foss (nominative singular)
foss (dual nominative)
foiss (nominative plural)
foiss (singular vocative)
foss (dual vocative)
fossu (plural vocative)
foss (accusative singular)
foss (accusative dual)
fossu (accusative plural)
foiss (genitive singular)
foss (dual genitive)
foss (genitive plural)
foss (dative singular)
fossaib (dative dual)
fossaib (dative plural)
foss
ḟoss
foss

Irish: fos

From Proto-Celtic *wostos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes- (“to stay”). Cognate to Middle Welsh gwas (“abode”).

rest, halt, the state of not being in motion


gait

head

gait f (genitive gaite, nominative plural gata)

gaite (genitive)
gata (nominative plural)
gait (nominative singular)
gait (dual nominative)
gata (nominative plural)
gait (singular vocative)
gait (dual vocative)
gata (plural vocative)
gait (accusative singular)
gait (accusative dual)
gata (accusative plural)
gaite (genitive singular)
gait (dual genitive)
gait (genitive plural)
gait (dative singular)
gataib (dative dual)
gataib (dative plural)
gait
ngait

Matasović derives this from Proto-Celtic *gozdis, a variant of *gostis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis (“stranger”). The irregular vowel change is a dissimilation from got (“stammering”).


ibis

third-person singular preterite absolute of ibid


iris

Alternative spelling of iriss: accusative/dative singular of iress


lac

Irish: lag

Manx: lag

Scottish Gaelic: lag

lac
also llac after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

From Proto-Celtic *laggos, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh₁g-.


marc

marc m (genitive mairc, nominative plural mairc)

mairc (genitive)
mairc (nominative plural)
marc (nominative singular)
marc (dual nominative)
mairc (nominative plural)
mairc (singular vocative)
marc (dual vocative)
marcu (plural vocative)
marc (accusative singular)
marc (accusative dual)
marcu (accusative plural)
mairc (genitive singular)
marc (dual genitive)
marc (genitive plural)
marc (dative singular)
marcaib (dative dual)
marcaib (dative plural)
marc
also mmarc after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: marc

Scottish Gaelic: marc

From Proto-Celtic *markos (“horse”). Cognate with Welsh march, Breton marc’h, and beyond Celtic with Old English mearh (“horse”).

marc .i. each


sen

sen (comparative siniu, superlative sinem)

siniu (comparative)
sinem (superlative)
sen (masculine nominative singular)
sen (feminine nominative singular)
sen (neuter nominative singular)
sin (masculine singular vocative)
sen (masculine singular vocative)
sen (feminine singular vocative)
sen (neuter singular vocative)
sen (accusative masculine singular)
sin (accusative feminine singular)
sen (accusative neuter singular)
sin (genitive masculine singular)
sine (feminine genitive singular)
sin (genitive neuter singular)
siun (dative masculine singular)
sin (dative feminine singular)
siun (dative neuter singular)
sin (masculine nominative plural)
sena (feminine neuter nominative plural)
senu (masculine plural vocative)
sena (masculine plural vocative)
sena (feminine neuter plural vocative)
senu (accusative masculine plural)
sena (accusative masculine plural)
sena (accusative feminine neuter plural)
sen (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
senaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
sen
ṡen

Middle Irish: sen

Irish: sean

Manx: shenn

Scottish Gaelic: sean

From Proto-Celtic *senos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sénos.

Cía for·comam-ni ríagoil sen-Gréc hi scríbunt in dá caractar isnaib ɔsonaib ucut, ro·cruthaigsemmar camaiph immurgu óen charactar – ·f· tar hési ·p· co tinfeth – i n‑epertaib Latinṅdaib.

Although we preserve the rule of the ancient Greeks in writing the two characters in those consonants, we have, however, formed one character – f instead of p with lenition – in Latin words.


sib

Irish: sibh

Manx: shiu

Scottish Gaelic: sibh

From Proto-Celtic *swīswīs (compare Middle Welsh chwichwi), a reduplicated form of *swīs (“you, ye”), from Proto-Indo-European *wos, the oblique plural of *túh₂ (“you”).

It sib ata chomarpi Abracham.


tog

second-person singular imperative of do·goa


toil

inflection of tol:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of tol:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


mall

mall (comparative mailliu, superlative maillem)

mailliu (comparative)
maillem (superlative)
mall (masculine nominative singular)
mall (feminine nominative singular)
mall (neuter nominative singular)
maill (masculine singular vocative)
mall (masculine singular vocative)
mall (feminine singular vocative)
mall (neuter singular vocative)
mall (accusative masculine singular)
maill (accusative feminine singular)
mall (accusative neuter singular)
maill (genitive masculine singular)
maille (feminine genitive singular)
maill (genitive neuter singular)
maull (dative masculine singular)
maill (dative feminine singular)
maull (dative neuter singular)
maill (masculine nominative plural)
malla (feminine neuter nominative plural)
mallu (masculine plural vocative)
malla (masculine plural vocative)
malla (feminine neuter plural vocative)
mallu (accusative masculine plural)
malla (accusative masculine plural)
malla (accusative feminine neuter plural)
mall (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
mallaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
mall
also mmall after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Middle Irish: mall

Irish: mall

Manx: moal

Scottish Gaelic: mall

From Proto-Celtic *malnos (“slow, lazy”), of uncertain derivation, but perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *mel- (“to be late, hesitate”) + *-nós; compare Ancient Greek μέλλω (méllō, “be late”).

der

Nirbo mailli[u] do·lotar olmbátar in charpait.

[The men] who arrived [on foot] were no slower than the men on chariots.

Dos·n-icfa cobir, cid mall. Bith maith immurgu intain dond·iccfa.

Help will come, although it may be slow to do so. [The help] will be good, however, when it does arrive.


mess

head

mess m (genitive messa, nominative plural mesai)

messa (genitive)
mesai (nominative plural)
mess (nominative singular)
mess (dual nominative)
messae (nominative plural)
mesai (nominative plural)
mess (singular vocative)
mess (dual vocative)
messu (plural vocative)
mess (accusative singular)
mess (accusative dual)
messu (accusative plural)
messo (genitive singular)
messa (genitive singular)
messo (dual genitive)
messa (dual genitive)
messae (genitive plural)
mess (dative singular)
messaib (dative dual)
messaib (dative plural)

Irish: meas

Scottish Gaelic: meas

From Proto-Celtic *messus (“judgement”), from Proto-Indo-European *med-.


mess

messa (genitive)
mess
also mmess after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Middle Irish: mes, mess

Irish: meas

Manx: mess

Scottish Gaelic: meas


slice

slici (nominative plural)
slice (nominative singular)
slice (dual nominative)
slici (nominative plural)
slici (singular vocative)
slice (dual vocative)
sliciu (plural vocative)
slice (accusative singular)
slice (accusative dual)
sliciu (accusative plural)
slici (genitive singular)
slice (dual genitive)
slice (genitive plural)
sliciu (dative singular)
slicib (dative dual)
slicib (dative plural)

Irish: slige

Manx: shlig

Scottish Gaelic: slige

From Proto-Celtic *sleggio, from *sleg, from Proto-Indo-European *slak- (“to hit, strike, throw”). See also Ancient Greek λᾰκίζω (lăkízō, “to tear apart”).


tart

tarta (genitive)
tart (nominative singular)
tart (dual nominative)
tartae (nominative plural)
tart (singular vocative)
tart (dual vocative)
tartu (plural vocative)
tart (accusative singular)
tart (accusative dual)
tartu (accusative plural)
tarto (genitive singular)
tarta (genitive singular)
tarto (dual genitive)
tarta (dual genitive)
tartae (genitive plural)
tart (dative singular)
tartaib (dative dual)
tartaib (dative plural)

Irish: tart

Scottish Gaelic: tart

Manx: taart

From Proto-Celtic *tartus, from Proto-Indo-European *térstus, from *ters- (“dry”).


tart

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

first-person singular present subjunctive perfective prototonic of do·beir


clam

clam (nominative singular)
clam (dual nominative)
claim (nominative plural)
claim (singular vocative)
clam (dual vocative)
clamu (plural vocative)
clam (accusative singular)
clam (accusative dual)
clamu (accusative plural)
claim (genitive singular)
clam (dual genitive)
clam (genitive plural)
clam (dative singular)
clamaib (dative dual)
clamaib (dative plural)
clam (nominative singular)
claim (dual nominative)
clama (nominative plural)
clam (singular vocative)
claim (dual vocative)
clama (plural vocative)
claim (accusative singular)
claim (accusative dual)
clama (accusative plural)
claime (genitive singular)
clam (dual genitive)
clam (genitive plural)
claim (dative singular)
clamaib (dative dual)
clamaib (dative plural)
clam
chlam
clam

Middle Irish: clam

From Proto-Celtic *klamos (“sick, leprous”). Cognate with Welsh claf (“sick, ill”).


fir

inflection of fer:
vocative/genitive singular


burb

dative singular masculine/neuter of borb


dich

third-person singular present subjunctive perfective prototonic of téit

third-person singular present indicative prototonic of do·fich


fern

head

fern f (genitive fernae, nominative plural ferna)

fernae (genitive)
ferna (nominative plural)
fern (nominative singular)
feirn (dual nominative)
ferna (nominative plural)
fern (singular vocative)
feirn (dual vocative)
ferna (plural vocative)
feirn (accusative singular)
feirn (accusative dual)
ferna (accusative plural)
fernae (genitive singular)
fern (dual genitive)
fern (genitive plural)
feirn (dative singular)
fernaib (dative dual)
fernaib (dative plural)
fern
ḟern
fern

Irish: fearn

⇒ Irish: fearnóg

Manx: farney

Scottish Gaelic: feàrna

From Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Welsh gwern). Cognate with Old Armenian գերան (geran).


beth

third-person singular past subjunctive of at·tá


mato

third-person plural present indicative of masu


bic

inflection of bec:
vocative/genitive singular masculine

inflection of bec:
accusative/dative singular feminine

inflection of bec:
genitive singular neuter

inflection of bec:
nominative plural masculine


magister

magister m (genitive magistir, nominative plural magistir)

magistir (genitive)
magistir (nominative plural)
magister (nominative singular)
magister (dual nominative)
magistir (nominative plural)
magistir (singular vocative)
magister (dual vocative)
magistru (plural vocative)
magister (accusative singular)
magister (accusative dual)
magistru (accusative plural)
magistir (genitive singular)
magister (dual genitive)
magister (genitive plural)
magister (dative singular)
magistraib (dative dual)
magistraib (dative plural)
magister
also mmagister after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: máistir

Manx: mainshtyr

Scottish Gaelic: maighstir

Do·adbadar sund trá causa pro qua scripta est æpistola .i. irbága ro·bátar leosom eter desciplu et debe; óentu immurgu eter a magistru.

Here, then is shown the reason for which the epistle was written, i.e. they had had contentions and disagreements between the disciples; unity, however, among their masters.


état

third-person plural present indicative prototonic of ad·cota

third-person plural present subjunctive prototonic of ad·cota


bá

first-person singular preterite absolute of at·tá

first/second-person singular preterite conjunct of at·tá


gelid

gelid (conjunct ·geil, verbal noun gelt)

·geil (conjunct)
gelt (noun-from-verb)
gelid (absolute indicative present singular third-person)
·gel (conjunct indicative present singular third-person)
·gelat (conjunct indicative plural present third-person)
·gelar (conjunct indicative passive present singular)
geiles (indicative present relative singular third-person)
geltatar (absolute imperfect indicative plural preterite third-person)
geltatar (imperfect indicative plural preterite relative third-person)
ro·diult (deuterotonic first-person imperfect indicative misspelling perfect singular)
ro·gelt (deuterotonic imperfect indicative perfect singular third-person)
géldae (absolute future imperfect indicative plural relative third-person)
gelt (absolute first-person imperative noun-from-verb singular)
glidi (absolute first-person necessitative participle past singular)

sga-conj-simple

misspelling of ra·giult, with infixed pronoun a-

From Proto-Celtic *gʷeleti (“to graze”), of uncertain origin; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷlew-, extension from *gʷel- (“throat”), which could be imitative. See also Old English ceole, German Kehle, Proto-Slavic *glъtati (“to devour”).

onomatopoeic

imitative

Ron·geilt in gaeth feib geilius [nem]aod forderg fidnime [leg. fidnaige].

c. 700, De Origine Scoticae Linguae from the Yellow Book of Lecan, O'Mulc. 830

The storm has consumed us [lit. grazed on] like heavenly red fire consumes [lit. grazes on] firewood.

c. 800, Immacaldam Choluim Cille ⁊ ind óclaig, published in "The Lough Foyle Colloquy Texts: Immacaldam Choluim Chille 7 ind Óclaig oc Carraic Eolairg and Immacaldam in Druad Brain 7 Inna Banḟátho Febuil Ós Loch Ḟebuil", Ériu 52 (2002), pp. 53-87, edited and with translations by John Carey,
"Cesc," ol Colum Cille, "cóich robo riam, a lloch-sa at·chiam?" Respondit iuvenis: "Ro·fetur-sa aní-sin; [...] ra·giult-sa [MS ro·diultsa] a mbasa os, ra·senas a mbasa é[o]...

"A question," said Colum Cille, "whose was it formerly, this loch we see?" The youth responded, "I know that! … I had grazed it when I was a stag, I had swum it when I was a salmon...

géldae

gelid


fort

Irish: ort

Manx: ort

Scottish Gaelic: ort

on you


dáil

third-person singular preterite conjunct of dáilid

second-person singular imperative of dáilid


dáil

inflection of dál f:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of dál f:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


mil

melo (genitive)
mil (nominative singular)
mil (singular vocative)
mil (accusative singular)
melo (genitive singular)
mela (genitive singular)
mil (dative singular)
mil
also mmil after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Middle Irish: mil

Irish: mil

Scottish Gaelic: mil

Manx: mill

From Proto-Celtic *meli n, from Proto-Indo-European *mélit.

Hi sunt tra ↄ·ricc frissa lind serb in chúrsactha lase foruillecta beóil in chalich di mil cosse anall...

Herein, then, he comes into contact with the bitter drink of the reproval, when the lips of the chalice have hitherto been smeared with honey...


aile

aile (masculine nominative singular)
aile (feminine nominative singular)
aill (neuter nominative singular)
aili (masculine singular vocative)
aile (feminine singular vocative)
aill (neuter singular vocative)
aile (accusative masculine singular)
aili (accusative feminine singular)
aill (accusative neuter singular)
aili (genitive masculine singular)
aile (feminine genitive singular)
aili (genitive neuter singular)
ailiu (dative masculine singular)
aili (dative feminine singular)
ailiu (dative neuter singular)
aili (masculine nominative plural)
aili (feminine neuter nominative plural)
aili (masculine plural vocative)
ailiu (masculine plural vocative)
aili (feminine neuter plural vocative)
aili (accusative masculine plural)
ailiu (accusative masculine plural)
aili (accusative feminine neuter plural)
aile (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
ailib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
aile
n-aile

desctree

Middle Irish: aile, oile, eile
Irish: eile
Manx: elley
Scottish Gaelic: eile

From Proto-Celtic *alyos (“other, second”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.

(pronominalized, with the definite article) another, the other, others

(pronominalized) something else, anything else


s-

head

s- (class A infixed pronoun, triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others)

in some texts but not in others (triggers-mutation-nasal)

L means this form triggers lenition.N means this form triggers nasalization(N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others.


suí

suí m (genitive süad, nominative plural suïd)

süad (genitive)
suïd (nominative plural)
suí (nominative singular)
suïd (dual nominative)
suí (dual nominative)
suïd (nominative plural)
suí (singular vocative)
suïd (dual vocative)
suí (dual vocative)
suídea (plural vocative)
suíthiu (plural vocative)
suïd (accusative singular)
suïd (accusative dual)
suí (accusative dual)
suídea (accusative plural)
suíthiu (accusative plural)
süad (genitive singular)
süad (dual genitive)
süad (genitive plural)
suïd (dative singular)
suídib (dative dual)
suídib (dative plural)
suí
ṡuí

Middle Irish: suí

Irish: saoi

desc

Scottish Gaelic: saoidh (“worthy, righteous person”)

From Proto-Celtic *suwits, from *su- (“good”) + *wid- (“knowing”), the root ultimately being Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to know”).


bris

first-person singular present subjunctive conjunct

second-person singular imperative of brisid

third-person singular preterite conjunct


rig

first-person singular future conjunct of téit


molid

molid
also mmolid after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


ad-

Irish: a- (no longer productive)

From Proto-Celtic *ad-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“near, at”). Cognates include Latin ad and English at.

in many compounds, it has a purely intensive sense

con·birt (“you conceived”) + ad- → con·abairt (“you have conceived”) (forms of con·beir)

con·melt (“(s)he rubbed”) + ad- → con·amailt (“(s)he had rubbed”) (forms of con·meil)

·coscrad (“not destroyed”) + ad- → ·comscarad (“had not destroyed”) (past subjunctive prototonic forms of con·scara)

con·gab (“it contained”) + ad- → con·acab (“it had contained”) (forms of con·gaib)

·cotla + ad- → ·comthala (subjunctive forms of con·tuili (“to sleep”))

augment infix used instead of ro- on verbs whose first prefix is com- and the stressed syllable starts with a consonant


-as

Irish: -as

Manx: -ys

Scottish Gaelic: -as

From Proto-Celtic *-assus, from Proto-Indo-European *-ad-tus.

óclach (“young man”) + -as → óclachas (“youth”)

muinter (“family”) + -as → muinteras (“familiarity”)

Nominal suffix, used to form abstract ideas or nouns


-e

-e (nominative singular)
-i (dual nominative)
-i (nominative plural)
-e (singular vocative)
-i (dual vocative)
-i (plural vocative)
-i (accusative singular)
-i (accusative dual)
-i (accusative plural)
-e (genitive singular)
-e (dual genitive)
-e (genitive plural)
-i (dative singular)
-ib (dative dual)
-ib (dative plural)

Irish: -e

From Proto-Celtic *-iyā (whence also Welsh -edd and Cornish -edh), from Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂. Cognate with Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā) and Latin -ia.

cathach (“bellicose”) + -e → cathaige (“warlike spirit”)

sáer (“free”) + -e → saíre (“freedom, liberty”)

Forms concrete or abstract nouns from adjectives.


-us

her (object pronoun), it (in reference to a feminine noun)


certa

inflection of cert:
nominative plural feminine/neuter

inflection of cert:
vocative/accusative plural all genders


mid

meda (genitive)
mid (nominative singular)
mid (singular vocative)
mid (accusative singular)
medo (genitive singular)
meda (genitive singular)
mid (dative singular)
mid
also mmid after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Middle Irish: mid

Irish: meá

Scottish Gaelic: meadh

From Primitive Irish *ᚋᚓᚇᚒ (*medu), from Proto-Celtic *medu, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu.

mesce tre ol corma(e) nó chingiti meda(e)

c. 815-840, “The Monastery of Tallaght”, in Edward J. Gwynn, Walter J. Purton, transl., Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, volume 29, Royal Irish Academy, published 1911-1912, paragraph 40, pages 115-179:

tipsiness through drinking beer or a goblet of mead


alt

third-person singular preterite active conjunct of ailid

singular preterite passive conjunct of ailid


caille

caille (nominative singular)
caille (dual nominative)
caille (nominative plural)
caille (singular vocative)
caille (dual vocative)
caille (plural vocative)
caille (accusative singular)
caille (accusative dual)
caille (accusative plural)
cailli (genitive singular)
caille (dual genitive)
caille (genitive plural)
cailliu (dative singular)
caillib (dative dual)
caillib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: caille

Irish: caille

Borrowed from Latin pallium. Doublet of paillium.


uisce

uisce (nominative singular)
uisce (dual nominative)
uisci (nominative plural)
uisci (singular vocative)
uisce (dual vocative)
uisciu (plural vocative)
uisce (accusative singular)
uisce (accusative dual)
uisciu (accusative plural)
uisci (genitive singular)
uisce (dual genitive)
uisce (genitive plural)
uisciu (dative singular)
uiscib (dative dual)
uiscib (dative plural)
uisce
n-uisce

desctree

Irish: uisce, uisge (obsolete)
→ English: whiskey

Manx: ushtey

Scottish Gaelic: uisge
→ English: whisky

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wed-
Proto-Indo-European *-r̥
Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥der.
Proto-Celtic *udenskyos
Old Irish uisce
From Proto-Celtic *udenskyos, from Proto-Indo-European *wódr, *udéns.


-ad

Irish: -adh

Manx: -ey

Scottish Gaelic: -adh

From the various thematic vowels of verb stems plus Proto-Celtic *-tus, i.e. from *-atus, *-ātus, *-etus, and *-ītus.


-ad

From the various thematic vowels of verb stems plus Proto-Celtic *-to, i.e. from *-ato, *-āto, *-eto, and *-īto.

suffix forming the third-person singular imperative form

suffix forming the third-person singular imperfect indicative form

suffix forming the third-person singular past subjunctive form

suffix forming the third-person singular conditional form of reduplicated and ē-future stems

suffix forming the singular passive conjunct preterite form of s-preterite stems


gal

gaile (genitive)
gal (nominative singular)
gail (dual nominative)
gala (nominative plural)
gal (singular vocative)
gail (dual vocative)
gala (plural vocative)
gail (accusative singular)
gail (accusative dual)
gala (accusative plural)
gaile (genitive singular)
gal (dual genitive)
gal (genitive plural)
gail (dative singular)
galaib (dative dual)
galaib (dative plural)
gal
ngal

Middle Irish: gal

Irish: gal

Scottish Gaelic: gal

Co rígaib ránaib cét ngal co láthib do·ruíchetar.

With the noble kings of a hundred feats of valour,   they have taken revenge with warriors.


mná

mná
also mmná after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

inflection of ben:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


Ethniu

Irish: Eithne

→ Old Norse: Eðna

Icelandic: Eðna

Scottish Gaelic: Eithne

Finn mac Cumail
Finn mac Cumail#Old_Irish

(Irish mythology) The daughter of the Fomorian king Balor, wife of Cían and the mother of Lug and Delbáeth, and the grandmother of Cú Chulainn and Finn mac Cumail.


cuire

second-person singular imperative of fo·ceird


bas

bas (nominative singular)
bass (nominative singular)
bais (dual nominative)
bois (dual nominative)
boiss (dual nominative)
bassa (nominative plural)
bas (singular vocative)
bass (singular vocative)
bais (dual vocative)
bois (dual vocative)
boiss (dual vocative)
bassa (plural vocative)
bais (accusative singular)
bois (accusative singular)
boiss (accusative singular)
bais (accusative dual)
bois (accusative dual)
boiss (accusative dual)
bassa (accusative plural)
baise (genitive singular)
boise (genitive singular)
bas (dual genitive)
bas (genitive plural)
bais (dative singular)
bois (dative singular)
boiss (dative singular)
bassaib (dative dual)
bassaib (dative plural)

Irish: bos, bas
→ Yola: baush, bash

Scottish Gaelic: bas

From Proto-Celtic *bostā (“palm, fist”) (compare Breton boz (“hollow of the hand”)), from dialectal Proto-Indo-European *gʷost-eh₂ ~ *gʷosdʰ-eh₂ (“branch”).


bas

third-person singular present subjunctive relative of is


bith

head

bith m (genitive betho or betha, nominative plural betha)

betho (genitive)
betha (genitive)
betha (nominative plural)
bith (nominative singular)
bith (dual nominative)
betha (nominative plural)
bith (singular vocative)
bith (dual vocative)
bethu (plural vocative)
bith (accusative singular)
bith (accusative dual)
bethu (accusative plural)
betho (genitive singular)
betha (genitive singular)
betho (dual genitive)
betha (dual genitive)
bethae (genitive plural)
biuth (dative singular)
bethaib (dative dual)
bethaib (dative plural)

Irish: bith

→? Middle Welsh: byth

Welsh: byth

From Proto-Celtic *bitus (compare Welsh byd).

cia beith ar n‑acathar nech inna rétu inducbaidi in betha so, arnach·corathar i mmoth ⁊ machthad dia seirc ⁊ dia n‑accubur

though it be that someone sees the glorious things of this world, that he may not be put in stupor and admiration by love for them and by desire for them


bith

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

inflection of is:
third-person singular past subjunctive

inflection of is:
third-person singular future


tá

From Proto-Celtic *tāyeti (compare Welsh taw (“there is”)), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.

unattested by itself; takes various preverbs to form verbs


tá

third-person singular present progressive conjunct of at·tá


ithe

ithe (nominative singular)
ithi (dual nominative)
ithi (nominative plural)
ithe (singular vocative)
ithi (dual vocative)
ithi (plural vocative)
ithi (accusative singular)
ithi (accusative dual)
ithi (accusative plural)
ithe (genitive singular)
ithe (dual genitive)
ithe (genitive plural)
ithi (dative singular)
ithib (dative dual)
ithib (dative plural)
ithe
n-ithe

Itius anúas ⁊ dus·claid anís; air ní foircnea in fíni hithe neich di anúas, amal du·ngní int aís sechmaill as·mbeir-som .i. air is cuit adaill ad·n-ellat-sidi in fíni du thabairt neich doib dia thorud.

They eat it from above and he roots it up from below; for it does not exterminate the vine to eat of anything of it from above, as do the passers-by whom he speaks of, i.e. for it is only a passing visit that they make [lit: ‘that they visit’] to the vine to take something for themselves of its fruit.


ith

etho (genitive)
ith (nominative singular)
ith (singular vocative)
ith (accusative singular)
etho (genitive singular)
atho (genitive singular)
ith (dative singular)

Irish: ioth

From Proto-Celtic *ɸitu, from Proto-Indo-European *peyt- (“food, nutrition”); from the same root is derived ithid (“to eat”). Cognate with Welsh ŷd.


ith

second-person singular imperative of ithid


ól

óil (genitive)
ól (nominative singular)
óil (singular vocative)
ól (accusative singular)
óil (genitive singular)
óul (dative singular)

Irish: ól

Manx: oyl

Scottish Gaelic: òl

desctree

⇒ Middle Irish: tech n-óil (“drinking house”), tech n-óla
Irish: teach óil

From older óol. Most likely from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃(y)-, although the exact derivation is uncertain, as the vowel ó and the hiatus are hard to explain. Usually derived via Proto-Celtic *ɸotlom or *ɸōtlom from Proto-Indo-European *péh₃tlom (whence also Latin pōculum (“drinking cup”) and Sanskrit पात्र (pātra, “drinking vessel”)) from *peh₃(y)-.
Gordon prefers a derivation via Proto-Celtic *ɸoyalom from Proto-Indo-European *poyh₃-lo-m. He considers the required metathesis *h₃y* > *yh₃ unmotivated, but it is assumed by other Indo-European derivatives, e.g. Ancient Greek πῑ́νω (pī́nō, “to drink”) and Proto-Slavic *pìti (“to drink”).


ól

óil (genitive)
ól (nominative singular)
ól (dual nominative)
ól (nominative plural)
óla (nominative plural)
ól (singular vocative)
ól (dual vocative)
ól (plural vocative)
óla (plural vocative)
ól (accusative singular)
ól (accusative dual)
ól (accusative plural)
óla (accusative plural)
óil (genitive singular)
ól (dual genitive)
ól (genitive plural)
ól (dative singular)
ólaib (dative dual)
ólaib (dative plural)
ól
n-ól


gol

gol (nominative singular)
gol (dual nominative)
guil (nominative plural)
guil (singular vocative)
gol (dual vocative)
gulu (plural vocative)
gol (accusative singular)
gol (accusative dual)
gulu (accusative plural)
guil (genitive singular)
gol (dual genitive)
gol (genitive plural)
gul (dative singular)
golaib (dative dual)
golaib (dative plural)
gol
ngol

Irish: gol


dul

dula (genitive)
dul (nominative singular)
dul (singular vocative)
dul (accusative singular)
dulo (genitive singular)
dula (genitive singular)
dul (dative singular)
dul
ndul

Irish: dul

Scottish Gaelic: dol

The u in the term is commonly assumed to have arisen in the first place from u-infection of an original Proto-Celtic *dalus, which may be derived from Proto-Indo-European *dʰelh₁- (“to ooze, spring up”), Ancient Greek θάλλω (thállō, “to bloom, thrive”), Albanian dal (“to go out”). Related to Welsh deillio (“to emanate, arise”).


tig

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


tig

genitive singular masculine/neuter of tiug


lán

lán (masculine nominative singular)
lán (feminine nominative singular)
lán (neuter nominative singular)
láin (masculine singular vocative)
lán (masculine singular vocative)
lán (feminine singular vocative)
lán (neuter singular vocative)
lán (accusative masculine singular)
láin (accusative feminine singular)
lán (accusative neuter singular)
láin (genitive masculine singular)
láine (feminine genitive singular)
láin (genitive neuter singular)
lán (dative masculine singular)
láin (dative feminine singular)
lán (dative neuter singular)
láin (masculine nominative plural)
lána (feminine neuter nominative plural)
lánu (masculine plural vocative)
lána (masculine plural vocative)
lána (feminine neuter plural vocative)
lánu (accusative masculine plural)
lána (accusative masculine plural)
lána (accusative feminine neuter plural)
lán (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
lánaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
lán
also llán after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

desctree

Middle Irish: lán
Irish: lán
Manx: lane
Scottish Gaelic: làn

From Proto-Celtic *ɸlānos (compare Welsh llawn), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (compare English full, Latin plēnus, Sanskrit पूर्ण (pūrṇa)), from *pleh₁- (“to fill”).


messa

Irish: measa

Scottish Gaelic: miosa

Manx: messey

From Proto-Celtic *missos + -a (comparative suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *mey-. Akin to mí-.


messa

messa
also mmessa after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


milis

milis (masculine nominative singular)
milis (feminine nominative singular)
milis (neuter nominative singular)
milis (masculine singular vocative)
milis (feminine singular vocative)
milis (neuter singular vocative)
milis (accusative masculine singular)
milis (accusative feminine singular)
milis (accusative neuter singular)
milis (genitive masculine singular)
milse (feminine genitive singular)
milis (genitive neuter singular)
milis (dative masculine singular)
milis (dative feminine singular)
milis (dative neuter singular)
milsi (masculine nominative plural)
milsi (feminine neuter nominative plural)
milsi (masculine plural vocative)
milsi (feminine neuter plural vocative)
milsi (accusative masculine plural)
milsi (accusative feminine neuter plural)
milis (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
milsib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
milis
also mmilis after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: milis

Manx: millish

Scottish Gaelic: milis

From Proto-Celtic *melissos with a change to the i-stems, related to *meli (whence Old Irish mil).

Léic úait inna bíada milsi et tomil innahí-siu do·mmeil do chenél arnáp hésom con·éit détso.

Put away from you sg the sweet foods, and consume those that your race consumes, so that it may not be he who is indulgent to you.


glan

glan (masculine nominative singular)
glan (feminine nominative singular)
glan (neuter nominative singular)
glain (masculine singular vocative)
glan (masculine singular vocative)
glan (feminine singular vocative)
glan (neuter singular vocative)
glan (accusative masculine singular)
glain (accusative feminine singular)
glan (accusative neuter singular)
glain (genitive masculine singular)
glaine (feminine genitive singular)
glain (genitive neuter singular)
glan (dative masculine singular)
glain (dative feminine singular)
glan (dative neuter singular)
glain (masculine nominative plural)
glana (feminine neuter nominative plural)
glanu (masculine plural vocative)
glana (masculine plural vocative)
glana (feminine neuter plural vocative)
glanu (accusative masculine plural)
glana (accusative masculine plural)
glana (accusative feminine neuter plural)
glan (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
glanaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: glan

Scottish Gaelic: glan

Manx: glen


glan

third-person singular preterite conjunct of glanaid

second-person singular imperative of glanaid


salach

salach (masculine nominative singular)
salach (feminine nominative singular)
salach (neuter nominative singular)
salaig (masculine singular vocative)
salach (masculine singular vocative)
salach (feminine singular vocative)
salach (neuter singular vocative)
salach (accusative masculine singular)
salaig (accusative feminine singular)
salach (accusative neuter singular)
salaig (genitive masculine singular)
salaige (feminine genitive singular)
salaig (genitive neuter singular)
saluch (dative masculine singular)
salaig (dative feminine singular)
saluch (dative neuter singular)
salaig (masculine nominative plural)
salcha (feminine neuter nominative plural)
salchu (masculine plural vocative)
salcha (masculine plural vocative)
salcha (feminine neuter plural vocative)
salchu (accusative masculine plural)
salcha (accusative masculine plural)
salcha (accusative feminine neuter plural)
salach (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
salchaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
salach
ṡalach

Middle Irish: salach

Irish: salach

Manx: sollagh

Scottish Gaelic: salach

From Proto-Celtic *salākos. By surface analysis, sal (“dirt, filth”) + -ach.


bile

head

bile m (genitive bili, nominative plural bili)

bili (genitive)
bili (nominative plural)
bile (nominative singular)
bile (dual nominative)
bili (nominative plural)
bili (singular vocative)
bile (dual vocative)
biliu (plural vocative)
bile (accusative singular)
bile (accusative dual)
biliu (accusative plural)
bili (genitive singular)
bile (dual genitive)
bile (genitive plural)
biliu (dative singular)
bilib (dative dual)
bilib (dative plural)
bile
mbile

Irish: bile

Manx: billey

From Proto-Celtic *belyos (“tree”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰolyo- (“leaf”). Cognate with Latin folium, Ancient Greek φύλλον (phúllon), and Old Armenian բողբոջ (bołboǰ).

tree, especially a large, ancient, sacred one


basa

first/second-person singular preterite/imperfect indicative of is


irar

irar m (genitive irair, nominative plural irair)

irair (genitive)
irair (nominative plural)
irar (nominative singular)
irar (dual nominative)
irair (nominative plural)
irair (singular vocative)
irar (dual vocative)
iraru (plural vocative)
irar (accusative singular)
irar (accusative dual)
iraru (accusative plural)
irair (genitive singular)
irar (dual genitive)
irar (genitive plural)
irar (dative singular)
iraraib (dative dual)
iraraib (dative plural)
irar
n-irar

Middle Irish: ilar

Irish: iolar

Scottish Gaelic: iolair

Manx: urley

From Proto-Celtic *eriros (compare Welsh eryr, Breton erer), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō (“large bird”).


fora

head

fora (‘his’ and ‘its’ trigger lenition, ‘her’ triggers /h/-prothesis, ‘their’ triggers eclipsis)

Univerbation of for (“on”) + a (“his/her/its/their”)

univerbation

Is peccad díabul lesom .i. fodord doib di dommatu, ⁊ du·fúairthed ní leu fora sáith din main, ⁊ todlugud inna féulæ ɔ amairis nánda·tibérad Día doïb, ⁊ nach coimnacuir ⁊ issi dano insin ind frescissiu co fochaid.

It is a double sin in his opinion, i.e. the murmuring by them of want, although there remained some of the manna with them upon their satiety, and demanding the meat with faithlessness that Good would not give it to them, and [even] that he could not; therefore that is the expectation with testing.


fora

In Belzefuth: is béss didu ind lïacc benir il-béim friss, et intí do·thuit foir ɔ·boing a chnámi, intí fora·tuit-som immurgu at·bail-side.

The Beelzebub: it is the custom, then, of the stone that many blows are hit against it, and he who falls upon it breaks his bones; however, he whom it falls on perishes


agar

passive singular present indicative of aigid


agar

passive singular present indicative relative

inflection of aigid:
passive singular imperative


torc

torc (nominative singular)
torc (dual nominative)
tuirc (nominative plural)
tuirc (singular vocative)
torc (dual vocative)
turcu (plural vocative)
torc (accusative singular)
torc (accusative dual)
turcu (accusative plural)
tuirc (genitive singular)
torc (dual genitive)
torc (genitive plural)
turc (dative singular)
torcaib (dative dual)
torcaib (dative plural)

Irish: torc

Scottish Gaelic: torc

From Proto-Celtic *tworkos (“boar”) (compare Welsh twrch).


torc

torc (nominative singular)
torc (dual nominative)
tuirc (nominative plural)
tuirc (singular vocative)
torc (dual vocative)
turcu (plural vocative)
torc (accusative singular)
torc (accusative dual)
turcu (accusative plural)
tuirc (genitive singular)
torc (dual genitive)
torc (genitive plural)
turc (dative singular)
torcaib (dative dual)
torcaib (dative plural)
torc
thorc
torc

Irish: torc


briste

passive singular preterite absolute of brisid


briste

briste (masculine nominative singular)
briste (feminine nominative singular)
briste (neuter nominative singular)
bristi (masculine singular vocative)
briste (feminine singular vocative)
briste (neuter singular vocative)
briste (accusative masculine singular)
bristi (accusative feminine singular)
briste (accusative neuter singular)
bristi (genitive masculine singular)
briste (feminine genitive singular)
bristi (genitive neuter singular)
bristiu (dative masculine singular)
bristi (dative feminine singular)
bristiu (dative neuter singular)
bristi (masculine nominative plural)
bristi (feminine neuter nominative plural)
bristi (masculine plural vocative)
bristiu (masculine plural vocative)
bristi (feminine neuter plural vocative)
bristi (accusative masculine plural)
bristiu (accusative masculine plural)
bristi (accusative feminine neuter plural)
briste (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
bristib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
briste
mbriste


fuil

folo (genitive)
fuil (nominative singular)
fuil (dual nominative)
fuili (nominative plural)
fuil (singular vocative)
fuil (dual vocative)
fuili (plural vocative)
fuil (accusative singular)
fuil (accusative dual)
fuili (accusative plural)
folo (genitive singular)
fola (genitive singular)
folo (dual genitive)
fola (dual genitive)
fuile (genitive plural)
fuil (dative singular)
fuilib (dative dual)
fuilib (dative plural)
fuil
ḟuil
fuil

desctree

Middle Irish: fuil
Irish: fuil
Manx: fuill
Scottish Gaelic: fuil

From Proto-Celtic *wolis, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₃- (“to strike, wound”).


tú

Irish: tú

Manx: oo

Scottish Gaelic: thu

From Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (compare Ancient Greek σύ (sú), Latin tū, Old Church Slavonic тꙑ (ty), Gothic 𐌸𐌿 (þu), Welsh ti).

Ní tú nod·n-ail, acht is hé not·ail.

It is not you that nourishes it, but it that nourishes you.

Bed indbadigthi .i. bed chuintechti .i. cid fáilte ad·cot-sa ⁊ du·ngnéu, is túsu immid·folngi dam, a Dǽ; cid indeb dano ad·cot, is tú, Dǽ, immid·folngi dam.

To be enriched, i.e. to be sought, i.e. though it is joy that I obtain and make, it is you who effects it for me, O God; so too, though it is wealth that I obtain, it is you, God, who effects it for me.


mé

Irish: mé

Manx: mee

Scottish Gaelic: mi

From Proto-Celtic *mī, from Proto-Indo-European *me (“me”) (compare Sanskrit मा (mā), Ancient Greek με (me), Latin mē, Welsh mi).


sé

Irish: sé

Manx: shey

Scottish Gaelic: sia

From Proto-Celtic *swexs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.


agat

third-person plural present indicative conjunct of aigid


mór

head

mór (equative móir, comparative mó, moü, moä, moö, superlative moäm)

móir (equative)
mó (comparative)
moü (comparative)
moä (comparative)
moö (comparative)
moäm (superlative)
mór (masculine nominative singular)
mór (feminine nominative singular)
mór (neuter nominative singular)
móir (masculine singular vocative)
mór (masculine singular vocative)
mór (feminine singular vocative)
mór (neuter singular vocative)
mór (accusative masculine singular)
móir (accusative feminine singular)
mór (accusative neuter singular)
móir (genitive masculine singular)
móire (feminine genitive singular)
móir (genitive neuter singular)
mór (dative masculine singular)
móir (dative feminine singular)
mór (dative neuter singular)
móir (masculine nominative plural)
móra (feminine neuter nominative plural)
móru (masculine plural vocative)
móra (masculine plural vocative)
móra (feminine neuter plural vocative)
móru (accusative masculine plural)
móra (accusative masculine plural)
móra (accusative feminine neuter plural)
mór (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
móraib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: mór

Manx: mooar

Scottish Gaelic: mòr

An irregular change of már (possibly influenced by the comparative/superlative forms with ó) from Proto-Celtic *māros (compare Welsh mawr), from Proto-Indo-European *moh₁ros.
Compare Old High German māri (“famous, great”) and perhaps the element -μωρος (-mōros) in Ancient Greek ἐγχεσίμωρος (enkhesímōros, “mighty with the spear”), ἰόμωροι (iómōroi, “boasting”), σινάμωρος (sinámōros, “mischievous, hurtful”), ὑλακόμωρος (hulakómōros, “always barking”).


mór

mór (nominative singular)
mór (singular vocative)
mór (accusative singular)
móir (genitive singular)
mór (dative singular)

mór fína

much wine (literally, “a large amount of wine”)

mór fer

many men (literally, “a large number of men”)

a large amount, a large number; much, many (with the modified noun in the genitive)


mór

·mór (canonical)
mór
also mmór after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

third-person singular preterite conjunct of móraid


mó

mó
also mmó after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

From Early Old Irish *máu from Proto-Celtic *māyūs comparative form of *māros, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁-. Cognate with Welsh mwy.


ard

head

ard (equative ardithir, comparative ardu, superlative ardam)

ardithir (equative)
ardu (comparative)
ardam (superlative)
ard (masculine nominative singular)
ard (feminine nominative singular)
ard (neuter nominative singular)
aird (masculine singular vocative)
ard (masculine singular vocative)
ard (feminine singular vocative)
ard (neuter singular vocative)
ard (accusative masculine singular)
aird (accusative feminine singular)
ard (accusative neuter singular)
aird (genitive masculine singular)
ardae (feminine genitive singular)
aird (genitive neuter singular)
ard (dative masculine singular)
aird (dative feminine singular)
ard (dative neuter singular)
aird (masculine nominative plural)
arda (feminine neuter nominative plural)
ardu (masculine plural vocative)
arda (masculine plural vocative)
arda (feminine neuter plural vocative)
ardu (accusative masculine plural)
arda (accusative masculine plural)
arda (accusative feminine neuter plural)
ard (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
ardaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

From Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰwós, from *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus).

Cía thés hí loc bes ardu, ní ardu de; ní samlid són dúnni, air ⟨im⟩mi ardu-ni de tri dul isna lucu arda.

Though he may go into a higher place, he is not the higher; this is not the case for us, for we are the higher through going into the high places.


ard

ard n (genitive aird, nominative plural arda)

aird (genitive)
arda (nominative plural)
ard (nominative singular)
ard (dual nominative)
ard (nominative plural)
arda (nominative plural)
ard (singular vocative)
ard (dual vocative)
ard (plural vocative)
arda (plural vocative)
ard (accusative singular)
ard (accusative dual)
ard (accusative plural)
arda (accusative plural)
aird (genitive singular)
ard (dual genitive)
ard (genitive plural)
ard (dative singular)
ardaib (dative dual)
ardaib (dative plural)
ard
n-ard

Irish: ard

Manx: ard

Scottish Gaelic: àrd


bocht

bocht (masculine nominative singular)
bocht (feminine nominative singular)
bocht (neuter nominative singular)
boicht (masculine singular vocative)
bocht (masculine singular vocative)
bocht (feminine singular vocative)
bocht (neuter singular vocative)
bocht (accusative masculine singular)
boicht (accusative feminine singular)
bocht (accusative neuter singular)
boicht (genitive masculine singular)
boichte (feminine genitive singular)
boicht (genitive neuter singular)
bocht (dative masculine singular)
boicht (dative feminine singular)
bocht (dative neuter singular)
boicht (masculine nominative plural)
bochta (feminine neuter nominative plural)
bochtu (masculine plural vocative)
bochta (masculine plural vocative)
bochta (feminine neuter plural vocative)
bochtu (accusative masculine plural)
bochta (accusative masculine plural)
bochta (accusative feminine neuter plural)
bocht (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
bochtaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: bocht

Manx: boght

Scottish Gaelic: bochd

From Proto-Celtic *boxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰogtós, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to break”).

(Christianity) of one who has taken a vow of poverty


bocht

bocht (nominative singular)
bocht (dual nominative)
boicht (nominative plural)
boicht (singular vocative)
bocht (dual vocative)
bochtu (plural vocative)
bocht (accusative singular)
bocht (accusative dual)
bochtu (accusative plural)
boicht (genitive singular)
bocht (dual genitive)
bocht (genitive plural)
bocht (dative singular)
bochtaib (dative dual)
bochtaib (dative plural)
bocht (nominative singular)
boicht (dual nominative)
bochta (nominative plural)
bocht (singular vocative)
boicht (dual vocative)
bochta (plural vocative)
boicht (accusative singular)
boicht (accusative dual)
bochta (accusative plural)
boichte (genitive singular)
bocht (dual genitive)
bocht (genitive plural)
boicht (dative singular)
bochtaib (dative dual)
bochtaib (dative plural)

Manx: boght


bocht

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


bán

bán (masculine nominative singular)
bán (feminine nominative singular)
bán (neuter nominative singular)
báin (masculine singular vocative)
bán (masculine singular vocative)
bán (feminine singular vocative)
bán (neuter singular vocative)
bán (accusative masculine singular)
báin (accusative feminine singular)
bán (accusative neuter singular)
báin (genitive masculine singular)
báine (feminine genitive singular)
báin (genitive neuter singular)
bán (dative masculine singular)
báin (dative feminine singular)
bán (dative neuter singular)
báin (masculine nominative plural)
bána (feminine neuter nominative plural)
bánu (masculine plural vocative)
bána (masculine plural vocative)
bána (feminine neuter plural vocative)
bánu (accusative masculine plural)
bána (accusative masculine plural)
bána (accusative feminine neuter plural)
bán (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
bánaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
bán
mbán

Irish: bán

Manx: bane

Scottish Gaelic: bàn

⇒ Middle Irish: abbán


donn

donn (masculine nominative singular)
donn (feminine nominative singular)
donn (neuter nominative singular)
duinn (masculine singular vocative)
donn (masculine singular vocative)
donn (feminine singular vocative)
donn (neuter singular vocative)
donn (accusative masculine singular)
duinn (accusative feminine singular)
donn (accusative neuter singular)
duinn (genitive masculine singular)
duinne (feminine genitive singular)
duinn (genitive neuter singular)
donn (dative masculine singular)
duinn (dative feminine singular)
donn (dative neuter singular)
duinn (masculine nominative plural)
donna (feminine neuter nominative plural)
donnu (masculine plural vocative)
donna (masculine plural vocative)
donna (feminine neuter plural vocative)
donnu (accusative masculine plural)
donna (accusative masculine plural)
donna (accusative feminine neuter plural)
donn (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
donnaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
donn (masculine nominative singular)
donn (feminine nominative singular)
donn (neuter nominative singular)
doinn (masculine singular vocative)
donn (masculine singular vocative)
donn (feminine singular vocative)
donn (neuter singular vocative)
donn (accusative masculine singular)
doinn (accusative feminine singular)
donn (accusative neuter singular)
doinn (genitive masculine singular)
doinne (feminine genitive singular)
doinn (genitive neuter singular)
donn (dative masculine singular)
doinn (dative feminine singular)
donn (dative neuter singular)
doinn (masculine nominative plural)
donna (feminine neuter nominative plural)
donnu (masculine plural vocative)
donna (masculine plural vocative)
donna (feminine neuter plural vocative)
donnu (accusative masculine plural)
donna (accusative masculine plural)
donna (accusative feminine neuter plural)
donn (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
donnaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: donn

Manx: dhone

Scottish Gaelic: donn


donn

donn (nominative singular)
donn (dual nominative)
duinn (nominative plural)
duinn (singular vocative)
donn (dual vocative)
donnu (plural vocative)
donn (accusative singular)
donn (accusative dual)
donnu (accusative plural)
duinn (genitive singular)
donn (dual genitive)
donn (genitive plural)
donn (dative singular)
donnaib (dative dual)
donnaib (dative plural)

Irish: donn


donn

duinn (genitive)
donn (nominative singular)
donn (dual nominative)
donn (nominative plural)
donna (nominative plural)
donn (singular vocative)
donn (dual vocative)
donn (plural vocative)
donna (plural vocative)
donn (accusative singular)
donn (accusative dual)
donn (accusative plural)
donna (accusative plural)
duinn (genitive singular)
donn (dual genitive)
donn (genitive plural)
donn (dative singular)
donnaib (dative dual)
donnaib (dative plural)
donn
ndonn


glas

glas (masculine nominative singular)
glas (feminine nominative singular)
glas (neuter nominative singular)
glais (masculine singular vocative)
glas (masculine singular vocative)
glas (feminine singular vocative)
glas (neuter singular vocative)
glas (accusative masculine singular)
glais (accusative feminine singular)
glas (accusative neuter singular)
glais (genitive masculine singular)
glaise (feminine genitive singular)
glais (genitive neuter singular)
glas (dative masculine singular)
glais (dative feminine singular)
glas (dative neuter singular)
glais (masculine nominative plural)
glasa (feminine neuter nominative plural)
glasu (masculine plural vocative)
glasa (masculine plural vocative)
glasa (feminine neuter plural vocative)
glasu (accusative masculine plural)
glasa (accusative masculine plural)
glasa (accusative feminine neuter plural)
glas (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
glasaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: glas

Manx: glass

Scottish Gaelic: glas

green, greenish (especially of growing things, grass, trees, etc.)

the colour of the blue dye extracted from woad


glas

glas (nominative singular)
glas (dual nominative)
glais (nominative plural)
glais (singular vocative)
glas (dual vocative)
glasu (plural vocative)
glas (accusative singular)
glas (accusative dual)
glasu (accusative plural)
glais (genitive singular)
glas (dual genitive)
glas (genitive plural)
glas (dative singular)
glasaib (dative dual)
glasaib (dative plural)
glas
nglas

Irish: glas

Manx: glass

Scottish Gaelic: glas

From earlier *glapsâ, which could be related to Old English clyppan (“to clasp, embrace, hold onto”).


Ulaid

Ulaid (nominative plural)
Ultu (plural vocative)
Ulto (plural vocative)
Ultu (accusative plural)
Ulto (accusative plural)
Ulad (genitive plural)
Ultaib (dative plural)
Ulaid
nUlaid

desctree

Middle Irish: Ulaid
Irish: Ulaidh
Manx: Ullee
Scottish Gaelic: Ulaidh

→⇒ Latin: Ultōnia

→ Old Norse: Uladztir, Ulaztir
→ English: Ulster

Probably identical to Ancient Greek Ούολουντιοι (Oúolountioi), Ούλουτοι (Oúloutoi), mentioned by Ptolemy. Probably ultimately from ul (“beard”). More at Ulaid.

(plural only) Ulster (a province of Ireland)


arda

inflection of ard:
nominative plural feminine/neuter

inflection of ard:
vocative/accusative plural all genders


aird

inflection of ard:
masculine vocative/genitive singular

inflection of ard:
feminine accusative/dative singular

inflection of ard:
neuter genitive singular

inflection of ard:
masculine nominative plural


airde

head

airde n (genitive airdi, nominative plural airde)

airdi (genitive)
airde (nominative plural)
airde (nominative singular)
airde (dual nominative)
airde (nominative plural)
airde (singular vocative)
airde (dual vocative)
airde (plural vocative)
airde (accusative singular)
airde (accusative dual)
airde (accusative plural)
airdi (genitive singular)
airde (dual genitive)
airde (genitive plural)
airdiu (dative singular)
airdib (dative dual)
airdib (dative plural)

From Proto-Celtic *ɸareweidyom, from *ɸare- + *wēd- (“to know”). Cognate to Welsh arwydd, Breton arouez.

In tan as·mber Dauid “intellectum tibi dabo”, sech is arde són do·mbéra Día do neuch nod·n-eirbea ind ⁊ génas triit con·festar cid as imgabthi do dénum di ulc ⁊ cid as déinti dó di maith. Aithesc trá lesom insin a persin Dǽ.

When David says, “I will give thee understanding”, that is a sign that God will give to everyone that will trust in him, and work through him, that he may know what evil he must avoid doing, and what good he must do. He has then here a reply in the person of God.


brig

inflection of brí:
accusative/dative singular


dán

dán m (genitive dáno, nominative plural dánai)

dáno (genitive)
dánai (nominative plural)
dán (nominative singular)
dán (dual nominative)
dána (nominative plural)
dánai (nominative plural)
dán (singular vocative)
dán (dual vocative)
dánu (plural vocative)
dán (accusative singular)
dán (accusative dual)
dánu (accusative plural)
dáno (genitive singular)
dána (genitive singular)
dáno (dual genitive)
dána (dual genitive)
dánae (genitive plural)
dán (dative singular)
dánaib (dative dual)
dánaib (dative plural)
dán
ndán

From Proto-Celtic *dānus, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃nom. Cognate with Latin dōnum (“gift”).

Ní rïat na dánu díadi ara n-indeb domunde.

Let them not sell the divine gifts for the worldly wealth.


baile

baile m (genitive baili, nominative plural baili)

baili (genitive)
baili (nominative plural)
baile (nominative singular)
baile (dual nominative)
baili (nominative plural)
baili (singular vocative)
baile (dual vocative)
bailiu (plural vocative)
baile (accusative singular)
baile (accusative dual)
bailiu (accusative plural)
baili (genitive singular)
baile (dual genitive)
baile (genitive plural)
bailiu (dative singular)
bailib (dative dual)
bailib (dative plural)

Irish: baile

Manx: balley

Scottish Gaelic: baile

Inherited from Proto-Celtic *baliyos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to appear, grow”), see also Proto-Germanic *bōþlą (“dwelling, abode, lair”).


baile

baile (nominative singular)
baile (dual nominative)
baili (nominative plural)
baili (singular vocative)
baile (dual vocative)
bailiu (plural vocative)
baile (accusative singular)
baile (accusative dual)
bailiu (accusative plural)
baili (genitive singular)
baile (dual genitive)
baile (genitive plural)
bailiu (dative singular)
bailib (dative dual)
bailib (dative plural)
baile (nominative singular)
baili (dual nominative)
baili (nominative plural)
baile (singular vocative)
baili (dual vocative)
baili (plural vocative)
baili (accusative singular)
baili (accusative dual)
baili (accusative plural)
baile (genitive singular)
baile (dual genitive)
baile (genitive plural)
baili (dative singular)
bailib (dative dual)
bailib (dative plural)
baile
mbaile

Irish: buile

supernaturally induced frenzy or madness


céile

head

céile m (genitive céili, nominative plural céili)

céili (genitive)
céili (nominative plural)
céile (nominative singular)
céile (dual nominative)
céili (nominative plural)
céili (singular vocative)
céile (dual vocative)
céiliu (plural vocative)
céile (accusative singular)
céile (accusative dual)
céiliu (accusative plural)
céili (genitive singular)
céile (dual genitive)
céile (genitive plural)
céiliu (dative singular)
céilib (dative dual)
céilib (dative plural)
céile
chéile
céile

Irish: céile

Manx: keilley

Scottish Gaelic: cèile

From Primitive Irish ᚉᚓᚂᚔ (celi, “follower, devotee”, genitive), from Proto-Celtic *keiliyos.

inh

(law) liege, vassal, the recipient of a fief


én

head

én m (genitive éuin or éoin, nominative plural éuin or éoin)

éuin (genitive)
éoin (genitive)
éuin (nominative plural)
éoin (nominative plural)
én (nominative singular)
én (dual nominative)
éuin (nominative plural)
éuin (singular vocative)
én (dual vocative)
éunu (plural vocative)
én (accusative singular)
én (accusative dual)
éunu (accusative plural)
éuin (genitive singular)
én (dual genitive)
én (genitive plural)
éun (dative singular)
énaib (dative dual)
énaib (dative plural)

Irish: éan

Manx: eean

Scottish Gaelic: eun

⇒ Middle Irish: senén


tris

tris (masculine nominative singular)
tris (feminine nominative singular)
tris (neuter nominative singular)
tris (masculine singular vocative)
tris (feminine singular vocative)
tris (neuter singular vocative)
tris (accusative masculine singular)
tris (accusative feminine singular)
tris (accusative neuter singular)
tris (genitive masculine singular)
tresi (feminine genitive singular)
tris (genitive neuter singular)
triuss (dative masculine singular)
tris (dative feminine singular)
triuss (dative neuter singular)
tris (masculine nominative plural)
trisa (feminine neuter nominative plural)
trisu (masculine plural vocative)
trisa (masculine plural vocative)
trisa (feminine neuter plural vocative)
trisu (accusative masculine plural)
trisa (accusative masculine plural)
trisa (accusative feminine neuter plural)
tris (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
trisaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
tris
thris
tris

Middle Irish: tres

Irish: treas


bí

Irish: bí

Manx: bee

Scottish Gaelic: bi

Inflected forms of at·tá, derived from Proto-Celtic *bwiyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-.

second/third-person singular habitual present indicative conjunct of at·tá

second-person singular imperative of at·tá


bí

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

third-person singular preterite absolute of benaid

third-person singular preterite conjunct of benaid


bí

inflection of béo:
vocative/genitive singular masculine

inflection of béo:
accusative/dative singular feminine

inflection of béo:
genitive singular neuter

inflection of béo:
nominative plural masculine


persan

head

persan f (genitive persine, nominative plural persin)

persine (genitive)
persin (nominative plural)
persan (nominative singular)
persann (nominative singular)
persin (dual nominative)
persain (dual nominative)
persin (nominative plural)
persain (nominative plural)
persan (singular vocative)
persann (singular vocative)
persin (dual vocative)
persain (dual vocative)
persana (plural vocative)
persanna (plural vocative)
persin (accusative singular)
persain (accusative singular)
persin (accusative dual)
persain (accusative dual)
persana (accusative plural)
persanna (accusative plural)
persine (genitive singular)
persaine (genitive singular)
persan (dual genitive)
persann (dual genitive)
persan (genitive plural)
persann (genitive plural)
persin (dative singular)
persain (dative singular)
persanaib (dative dual)
personaib (dative dual)
persunnaib (dative dual)
persanaib (dative plural)
personaib (dative plural)
persunnaib (dative plural)
persan
phersan
or unchanged
persan

desctree

Middle Irish: persa
Irish: pearsa
Scottish Gaelic: pearsa

Is i persin Crist da·gníu-sa sin.

It is in the person of Christ that I do that.

person (individual; physical body seen as distinct from the mind)

In tan labratar ind ḟilid a persin inna ṅdea, do·gniat primam ⁊ secundam in illis.

When the poets speak in the person of the gods, they make a first and second [person] in them.

(grammar) person (linguistic category used to distinguish between the speaker of an utterance and those to whom or about whom he is speaking)


mani

manid

before the indicative if there is no infixed pronoun


tol

head

tol f (genitive toile or tuile, nominative plural tola)

toile (genitive)
tuile (genitive)
tola (nominative plural)
tol (nominative singular)
toil (dual nominative)
tuil (dual nominative)
tola (nominative plural)
tol (singular vocative)
toil (dual vocative)
tuil (dual vocative)
tola (plural vocative)
toil (accusative singular)
tuil (accusative singular)
toil (accusative dual)
tuil (accusative dual)
tola (accusative plural)
toile (genitive singular)
tuile (genitive singular)
tol (dual genitive)
tol (genitive plural)
toil (dative singular)
tuil (dative singular)
tolaib (dative dual)
tolaib (dative plural)
tol
thol
tol

Middle Irish: toil, tail

Irish: toil

Manx: toill

Scottish Gaelic: toil

Unknown. MacBain associates it with Proto-Indo-European *telh₂- (“to bear, endure”), but the semantic connection is tenuous.
The form toil was originally the accusative singular, while the form tuil was the dative singular. But both forms were already confused in the Glosses.

der

Níbo in tain no·mbeid ar súil tantum do·gneith toil far coimded.

It must not be when you pl are seen (by him) only that you do your master’s will.

massu thol atom·aig dó; manid ar lóg

if it is desire that drives me to it; if it is not for pay


fini

inflection of fine:
accusative/dative singular


sens

Alternative spelling of séns: alternative form of síans


ner

head

ner m (genitive neir, nominative plural neir)

neir (genitive)
neir (nominative plural)
ner (nominative singular)
ner (dual nominative)
neir (nominative plural)
neir (singular vocative)
ner (dual vocative)
neuru (plural vocative)
ner (accusative singular)
ner (accusative dual)
neuru (accusative plural)
neir (genitive singular)
ner (dual genitive)
ner (genitive plural)
neur (dative singular)
neraib (dative dual)
neraib (dative plural)
ner
also nner after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Possibly from Proto-Celtic *neros (“hero”) (compare Middle Welsh ner (“chief, hero”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nḗr (“man, male”).
Witczak rejects this explanation, deriving the word instead from a Proto-Celtic *eɸros (“boar”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epros (“boar”) (Old English eofor, Latin aper, Old Church Slavonic вепрь (veprĭ)), with the n- arising from rebracketing of the demonstrative-final n in accusative *ton eɸron, i.e. overgeneralisation of the nasal mutation. However, Witczak’s explanation ignores the fact that the cluster *‑ɸr- became *‑br- in Proto-Celtic, meaning that a ^×(n)eɸros should become ^×(n)ebros and Old Irish ^×(n)ebar.


biter

third-person plural future passive conjunct of benaid


aille

head

aille f (genitive aille, nominative plural ailli)

aille (genitive)
ailli (nominative plural)
aille (nominative singular)
ailli (dual nominative)
ailli (nominative plural)
aille (singular vocative)
ailli (dual vocative)
ailli (plural vocative)
ailli (accusative singular)
ailli (accusative dual)
ailli (accusative plural)
aille (genitive singular)
aille (dual genitive)
aille (genitive plural)
ailli (dative singular)
aillib (dative dual)
aillib (dative plural)
aille
n-aille

Gabis ailli.


cuit

cuit (nominative singular)
cuit (dual nominative)
cuiti (nominative plural)
cuit (singular vocative)
cuit (dual vocative)
cuiti (plural vocative)
cuit (accusative singular)
cuit (accusative dual)
cuiti (accusative plural)
coto (genitive singular)
cota (genitive singular)
coto (dual genitive)
cota (dual genitive)
cuite (genitive plural)
cuit (dative singular)
cuitib (dative dual)
cuitib (dative plural)
cuit
chuit
cuit

Middle Irish: cuit

Irish: cuid

Manx: cooid

Scottish Gaelic: cuid

From Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis (compare Welsh peth (“thing”), Breton pezh (“piece”)).


fess

From Proto-Celtic *wid-to-m; akin to Welsh gwys and Middle Breton gous.

passive singular perfect prototonic of ro·finnadar


nime

nime
also nnime after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

inflection of nem:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


a

nominative/accusative singular neuter of in


a

Irish: a

Scottish Gaelic: a


a

aí (predicative)
áe (predicative)
in the masculine and neuter singular (triggers-lenition)

Irish: a (“his, her, its, their”)

Scottish Gaelic: a (“his, her, its”); an (“their”)

From Proto-Celtic *esyo (m and n), *esyās (f), and *ēsom (pl), from Proto-Indo-European *ésyo, genitive singular of *ís and *íd; compare Welsh ei (“his, her, its”), eu (“their”); Old High German iro (“their”); and Sanskrit अस्य (asyá, “his, its”), अस्यास् (asyā́s, “her”), and एषाम् (eṣā́m, “their”).


a

Irish: a

Scottish Gaelic: a

From Proto-Celtic *ā (compare Welsh a), from Proto-Indo-European *ō (compare Ancient Greek ὦ (ô), Latin ō).


a

Irish: a

Scottish Gaelic: a

a deich


a

a (combined with plural article asnaib, combined with 1st singular possessive determiner asmo, combined with 3rd person possessive determiner assa)

asum (first-person singular)
essiut (second-person singular)
as (dative singular)
ass (dative singular)
es (dative singular)
essi (dative singular)
eissi (dative singular)
esse (dative singular)
essisi (dative emphatic singular)
esib (dative plural third-person)
essib (dative plural third-person)
eissib (dative plural third-person)

Irish: as

Manx: ass

Scottish Gaelic: à

From Proto-Celtic *exs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs.


Lug

Loga (genitive)
Lug (nominative singular)
Lug (singular vocative)
Lug (accusative singular)
Logo (genitive singular)
Loga (genitive singular)
Lug (dative singular)

desctree

Irish: Lú, Lugh (superseded)
→ English: Lugh

Scottish Gaelic: Lùgh

From Primitive Irish ᚂᚒᚌ (lug), from Proto-Celtic *Lugus.


Mana

head

Mana f (genitive Manann, dative Manainn)

Manann (genitive)
Manainn (dative)
Mana
also Mmana after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: Manainn

Manx: Mannin

Scottish Gaelic: Manainn

→ Breton: Manav

→ Cornish: Manow

→ Old Norse: Mǫn

→ Welsh: Manaw

Cognate with the Celtic names of other isles having mountains, from Proto-Celtic *moniyos (related to Welsh mynydd, Cornish menydh, Breton menez), from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to tower, stand out”) (compare Latin mōns).

der

Isle of Man (an island in the British Isles)


Mart

Irish: Márta

Manx: Mayrnt

Scottish Gaelic: Màrt

Mart
also Mmart after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


mo

Irish: mo

Scottish Gaelic: mo

Manx: my

From Proto-Celtic *mene, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁mene, genitive of *éǵh₂. The Goidelic forms came from *mene being remodelled into *mowe by analogy with *towe (“your”) (whence do (“your”)).

Mad ar lóg pridcha-sa, .i. ar m’étiuth et mo thoschith, ním·bia fochricc dar hési mo precepte.

If I preach for pay, that is, for my clothing and my sustenance, I shall not have a reward for my teaching.

Fu·lilsain-se .i. matis mu námait duda·gnetis ⁊ maniptis mu chara⟨i⟩t duda·gnetis.

I would have endured, i.e. if it had been my enemies who did them and if it had not been my friends who did them.


áith

head

áith (equative áthithir, comparative áithiu, superlative áithem)

áthithir (equative)
áithiu (comparative)
áithem (superlative)
áith (masculine nominative singular)
áith (feminine nominative singular)
áith (neuter nominative singular)
áith (masculine singular vocative)
áith (feminine singular vocative)
áith (neuter singular vocative)
áith (accusative masculine singular)
áith (accusative feminine singular)
áith (accusative neuter singular)
áith (genitive masculine singular)
áithe (feminine genitive singular)
áith (genitive neuter singular)
áith (dative masculine singular)
áith (dative feminine singular)
áith (dative neuter singular)
áithi (masculine nominative plural)
áithi (feminine neuter nominative plural)
áithi (masculine plural vocative)
áithi (feminine neuter plural vocative)
áithi (accusative masculine plural)
áithi (accusative feminine neuter plural)
áith (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
áithib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Middle Irish: áith

Irish: áith

From Proto-Celtic *atti-, ultimately from the root of aiteann (“gorse”).

amal in scrissid .i. amal in n-altain n-áith [translating rasorium acutum].

Like the scraper, i.e. like the sharp razor.


áith

átho (genitive)
áith (nominative singular)
áith (dual nominative)
áthai (nominative plural)
áith (singular vocative)
áith (dual vocative)
áthai (plural vocative)
áith (accusative singular)
áith (accusative dual)
áthai (accusative plural)
átho (genitive singular)
átha (genitive singular)
átho (dual genitive)
átha (dual genitive)
áthae (genitive plural)
áith (dative singular)
áthaib (dative dual)
áthaib (dative plural)
áith
n-áith

Middle Irish: áith

Irish: áith

Scottish Gaelic: àth

Manx: aiee

From Proto-Celtic *ātis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₁-.


sam

sam (nominative singular)
saim (singular vocative)
sam (accusative singular)
saim (genitive singular)
sam (dative singular)
sam
ṡam

From Proto-Celtic *samos (“summer”) (compare Welsh haf), from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ó- (compare Old English sumor, Old Armenian ամառն (amaṙn)).


huile

huile (masculine nominative singular)
huile (feminine nominative singular)
huile (neuter nominative singular)
huili (masculine singular vocative)
huile (feminine singular vocative)
huile (neuter singular vocative)
huile (accusative masculine singular)
huili (accusative feminine singular)
huile (accusative neuter singular)
huili (genitive masculine singular)
huile (feminine genitive singular)
huili (genitive neuter singular)
huiliu (dative masculine singular)
huili (dative feminine singular)
huiliu (dative neuter singular)
huili (masculine nominative plural)
huili (feminine neuter nominative plural)
huili (masculine plural vocative)
huiliu (masculine plural vocative)
huili (feminine neuter plural vocative)
huili (accusative masculine plural)
huiliu (accusative masculine plural)
huili (accusative feminine neuter plural)
huile (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
huilib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
huile
nhuile


feb

feb f (genitive feibe, nominative plural feba)

feibe (genitive)
feba (nominative plural)
feb (nominative singular)
feib (dual nominative)
feba (nominative plural)
feb (singular vocative)
feib (dual vocative)
feba (plural vocative)
feib (accusative singular)
feib (accusative dual)
feba (accusative plural)
feibe (genitive singular)
feb (dual genitive)
feb (genitive plural)
feib (dative singular)
febaib (dative dual)
febaib (dative plural)
feb
ḟeb
feb

From Proto-Celtic *weswā, a derivative of Proto-Celtic *wesus (“excellent”).


molt

molt m (genitive muilt, nominative plural muilt)

muilt (genitive)
muilt (nominative plural)
molt (nominative singular)
molt (dual nominative)
muilt (nominative plural)
muilt (singular vocative)
molt (dual vocative)
moltu (plural vocative)
molt (accusative singular)
molt (accusative dual)
moltu (accusative plural)
muilt (genitive singular)
molt (dual genitive)
molt (genitive plural)
molt (dative singular)
moltaib (dative dual)
moltaib (dative plural)
molt
also mmolt after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: molt

Manx: mohlt

Scottish Gaelic: mult

From Proto-Celtic *moltos (“sheep”) (compare Welsh mollt, Gaulish *multon-, source of French mouton).


andes

Middle Irish: anes, aness

Irish: aneas

Manx: niass

Scottish Gaelic: a deas

Amal rund·gab slíab Sión andes ⁊ antúaid du⟨n⟩ chath⟨raig⟩ dïa dítin, sic rund·gabsat ar ṅdá thoíb du dítin ar n-inmedónach-ni.

As Mount Sion is located on the south and the north of the city to protect it, so are our two sides there to protect our insides.


oí

oí (nominative singular)
aí (nominative singular)
oí (dual nominative)
aí (dual nominative)
oí (nominative plural)
aí (nominative plural)
oí (singular vocative)
aí (singular vocative)
oí (dual vocative)
aí (dual vocative)
oí (plural vocative)
aí (plural vocative)
oí (accusative singular)
aí (accusative singular)
oí (accusative dual)
aí (accusative dual)
oí (accusative plural)
aí (accusative plural)
óe (genitive singular)
óe (dual genitive)
óe (genitive plural)
oí (dative singular)
aí (dative singular)
oíb (dative dual)
oíb (dative plural)

From Proto-Celtic *owis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis.


oí

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


tartar

·tartar (canonical)
·tartar
·thartar
·tartar

passive singular present subjunctive perfective prototonic of do·beir


allas

allais (genitive)
allas (nominative singular)
allas (singular vocative)
allas (accusative singular)
allais (genitive singular)
allas (dative singular)
allas
n-allas

Irish: allas

Manx: ollish

Scottish Gaelic: allas

From Proto-Celtic *alnostus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elh₁- (“heat”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀλέᾱ (aléā, “body heat, warmth”).


béra

third-person singular future conjunct of beirid


corp

head

corp m (genitive coirp or cuirp, nominative plural coirp or cuirp)

coirp (genitive)
cuirp (genitive)
coirp (nominative plural)
cuirp (nominative plural)
corp (nominative singular)
corp (dual nominative)
coirp (nominative plural)
cuirp (nominative plural)
coirp (singular vocative)
cuirp (singular vocative)
corp (dual vocative)
curpu (plural vocative)
corp (accusative singular)
corp (accusative dual)
curpu (accusative plural)
coirp (genitive singular)
cuirp (genitive singular)
corp (dual genitive)
corp (genitive plural)
curp (dative singular)
corpaib (dative dual)
corpaib (dative plural)
corp
chorp
corp

Irish: corp

Manx: corp

Scottish Gaelic: corp

Béoigidir in spirut in corp in fecht so.


ís

íssum (first-person singular)
íssa (dative singular)

⇒ Irish: aníos, síos, thíos

⇒ Scottish Gaelic: nìos, shìos, sìos

From Proto-Celtic *ɸīssu, from Proto-Indo-European *pedsú, locative plural of *pṓds (“foot”).

Patrick's Hymn, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, p. 350, line 17

Let there be a bridge of life beneath me, [and] the blessing of God the Father above me.

Drochet bethad bīd íssum bennacht Dé athar úasum.

Patrick's Hymn, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, p. 357, line 15

Christ in me, Christ below me, Christ above me

Fom·glúaissi mór ndubai sund ís riched rindmas...

c. 808, Félire Oengusso, Epilogue, line 377; republished as Whitley Stokes, transl., Félire Óengusso Céli Dé: The Martyrology of Oengus the Culdee, Harrison & Sons, 1905:

Much sorrow disquiets me here, below star-beautiful heaven...

hís bronnait

under a small belly (glossing Latin infra ventriculum)


int

nominative singular masculine (before a vowel)

genitive singular masculine/neuter (before ṡ)

inflection of in:
nominative singular feminine (before ṡ)

inflection of in:
nominative plural masculine (before ṡ)


cert

certu (comparative)
cert (masculine nominative singular)
cert (feminine nominative singular)
cert (neuter nominative singular)
cirt (masculine singular vocative)
cert (masculine singular vocative)
cert (feminine singular vocative)
cert (neuter singular vocative)
cert (accusative masculine singular)
cirt (accusative feminine singular)
cert (accusative neuter singular)
cirt (genitive masculine singular)
cirte (feminine genitive singular)
cirt (genitive neuter singular)
cert (dative masculine singular)
cirt (dative masculine singular)
cirt (dative feminine singular)
cert (dative neuter singular)
cirt (dative neuter singular)
cirt (masculine nominative plural)
certa (feminine neuter nominative plural)
certu (masculine plural vocative)
certa (masculine plural vocative)
certa (feminine neuter plural vocative)
certu (accusative masculine plural)
certa (accusative masculine plural)
certa (accusative feminine neuter plural)
cert (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
certaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

exact, precise (of numbers, quantities etc.)


cert

cert (nominative singular)
cert (dual nominative)
cert (nominative plural)
certa (nominative plural)
cert (singular vocative)
cert (dual vocative)
cert (plural vocative)
certa (plural vocative)
cert (accusative singular)
cert (accusative dual)
cert (accusative plural)
certa (accusative plural)
cirt (genitive singular)
cert (dual genitive)
cert (genitive plural)
cert (dative singular)
cirt (dative singular)
certaib (dative dual)
certaib (dative plural)
cert (nominative singular)
cert (dual nominative)
cirt (nominative plural)
cirt (singular vocative)
cert (dual vocative)
certu (plural vocative)
cert (accusative singular)
cert (accusative dual)
certu (accusative plural)
cirt (genitive singular)
cert (dual genitive)
cert (genitive plural)
cert (dative singular)
cirt (dative singular)
certaib (dative dual)
certaib (dative plural)
cert
chert
cert

Irish: ceart

Manx: kiart

Scottish Gaelic: ceart

(in quasi-legal sense) right, claim, entitlement


midi

midi
also mmidi after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


cerca

nominative and vocative and accusative plural of cerc


lib

Irish: libh

Manx: lhiu

Scottish Gaelic: leibh


precept

precepte (genitive)
precept (nominative singular)
precept (dual nominative)
preceupt (dual nominative)
precepta (nominative plural)
precept (singular vocative)
precept (dual vocative)
preceupt (dual vocative)
precepta (plural vocative)
precept (accusative singular)
preceupt (accusative singular)
precept (accusative dual)
preceupt (accusative dual)
precepta (accusative plural)
precepte (genitive singular)
preceptae (genitive singular)
precept (dual genitive)
precept (genitive plural)
precept (dative singular)
preceupt (dative singular)
preceptaib (dative dual)
preceptaib (dative plural)
precept
phrecept
or unchanged
precept

Borrowed from Late Latin praeceptum, form of praecipiō (“to teach”), from prae (“pre-”) + capiō (“take”).


ara

Univerbation of ar (“for (the sake of), because of”) + a (“the”, neuter accusative singular)

univerbation

for (the sake of) the, because of the (neuter accusative singular)


ara

head

ara (‘his’ and ‘its’ trigger lenition, ‘her’ triggers /h/-prothesis, ‘their’ triggers eclipsis)

Univerbation of ar (“for (the sake of), because of”) + a (“his/her/their”)

univerbation

for (the sake of) his/her/its/their, because of his/her/its/their


ara

head

ara· (triggers lenition in direct relative clauses and eclipsis in indirect relative clauses)

ar (“for (the sake of), because of”) + -a (relative pronoun)

af

for (the sake of) whom/which, because of whom/which


ara

head

ara (negative arna or arná or arnacon or arnachon)

arna (negative)
arná (negative)
arnacon (negative)
arnachon (negative)


cet

cet (indeclinable in the early language, with the copula)

in the early language (indeclinable)
cet
chet
cet

Irish: cead

Scottish Gaelic: cead


Tailtiu

Tailten (genitive)
Tailtiu (nominative singular)
Tailtiu (singular vocative)
Tailtin (accusative singular)
Tailten (genitive singular)
Tailtin (dative singular)
Tailtiu (dative singular)

Middle Irish: Tailtiu

Irish: Tailtin

→ English: Teltown

→ English: Tailtiu

Teltown (a town in County Meath, Ireland)

(Irish mythology) A goddess in Irish mythology originally serving as a personification of the town.


recto

recto
also rrecto after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Alternative spelling of rechto: genitive singular/dual of rect


linn

Gigeste-si Día linn ara·fulsam ar fochidi.

You pl will pray to God for us so that we may endure our sufferings.

Cit comṡuidigthi la Grécu ní écen dúnni beta comṡuidigthi linn.

Although they are compounds in Greek (lit. “with the Greeks”), it is not necessary for us that they be compounds in our language (lit. “with us”).


rega

·rega (canonical)
rega
also rrega after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

first-person singular future absolute of téit

third-person singular future conjunct of téit


á

in the masculine and neuter singular (triggers-lenition)

Mad·genatar á thimthirthidi.
Blessed are his servants.

Nach torbatu coitchenn ro·boí indib fri denum n-uilc at·rubalt tar hesi á pectha.
Every common advantage that had been in them for doing evil has perished for their sin.

Alternative form of a (“his, her, its, their”)


á

in tan as·mbeir, Tait, á maccu


á

á (nominative singular)
á (dual nominative)
á (nominative plural)
á (singular vocative)
á (dual vocative)
á (plural vocative)
á (accusative singular)
á (accusative dual)
á (accusative plural)
á (genitive singular)
á (dual genitive)
á (genitive plural)
á (dative singular)
áib (dative dual)
aaib (dative dual)
áib (dative plural)
aaib (dative plural)
á
n-á

From Proto-Celtic *yās, from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂- (“to go”).

dunaib aaib


án

áine (genitive)
án (nominative singular)
án (singular vocative)
áin (accusative singular)
áine (genitive singular)
áin (dative singular)
án
n-án


ár

ár (nominative plural)
ára (nominative plural)
ár (nominative singular)
ár (dual nominative)
ár (nominative plural)
ára (nominative plural)
ár (singular vocative)
ár (dual vocative)
ár (plural vocative)
ára (plural vocative)
ár (accusative singular)
ár (accusative dual)
ár (accusative plural)
ára (accusative plural)
áir (genitive singular)
ár (dual genitive)
ár (genitive plural)
ár (dative singular)
áraib (dative dual)
áirib (dative dual)
áraib (dative plural)
áirib (dative plural)
ár
n-ár

Irish: ár

Manx: haar

Scottish Gaelic: àr

From Proto-Celtic *agrom (“slaughter”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵro- (“hunt”); compare Ancient Greek ἄγρᾱ (ágrā, “hunt”), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬭𐬋𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬜𐬍 (azrōdaⁱδī, “hunt”).

donaib araib

du ár

etarcnae áir mo namat


bera

third-person singular present subjunctive conjunct of beirid


brú

brú (nominative singular)
broinn (dual nominative)
broinn (nominative plural)
brú (singular vocative)
broinn (dual vocative)
bronna (plural vocative)
broinn (accusative singular)
broinn (accusative dual)
bronna (accusative plural)
bronn (genitive singular)
bronn (dual genitive)
bronn (genitive plural)
broinn (dative singular)
brú (dative singular)
bronnaib (dative dual)
bronnaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: broinn

Irish: broinn


sidi

genitive singular masculine/neuter unstressed

inflection of suide:
accusative singular feminine unstressed

inflection of suide:
nominative/accusative plural unstressed


í

deictic particle, used mostly in combination with the definite article or a demonstrative determiner/pronoun


og

og n or m or f (genitive ugae, nominative plural ugae)

ugae (genitive)
ugae (nominative plural)
og (nominative singular)
og (dual nominative)
ugae (nominative plural)
og (singular vocative)
og (dual vocative)
ugae (plural vocative)
og (accusative singular)
og (accusative dual)
ugae (accusative plural)
ugae (genitive singular)
ugae (dual genitive)
ugae (genitive plural)
uig (dative singular)
ugaib (dative dual)
ugaib (dative plural)
og
n-og

Irish: ubh

Manx: ooh

Scottish Gaelic: ugh

Uncertain. Originally a neuter s-stem, perhaps *ugos.
This word cannot be derived from Proto-Celtic *āwyom (from which Brittonic words Welsh wy (“egg”) descend), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm, because the -g- and the vowel in Old Irish are unaccounted for.


fet

fet f (genitive fite or feite, nominative plural feta)

fite (genitive)
feite (genitive)
feta (nominative plural)
fet (nominative singular)
fit (dual nominative)
feta (nominative plural)
fet (singular vocative)
fit (dual vocative)
feta (plural vocative)
fit (accusative singular)
fit (accusative dual)
feta (accusative plural)
fite (genitive singular)
fet (dual genitive)
fet (genitive plural)
fit (dative singular)
fetaib (dative dual)
fetaib (dative plural)
fet (nominative singular)
feit (dual nominative)
feta (nominative plural)
fet (singular vocative)
feit (dual vocative)
feta (plural vocative)
feit (accusative singular)
feit (accusative dual)
feta (accusative plural)
feite (genitive singular)
fet (dual genitive)
fet (genitive plural)
feit (dative singular)
fetaib (dative dual)
fetaib (dative plural)
fet
ḟet
fet

Irish: fead

Manx: fed

Scottish Gaelic: fead

From Proto-Celtic *swizdā, from Proto-Celtic *swizdeti (“to blow”). Related to Old Irish séitid and Welsh chwythu (“to blow”), Breton c'hwezh and Welsh chwyth (“breath”).

is cosmart do rétaib ind ḟet

whistling, hissing, the sound of a sword cleaving the air


rót

rót (nominative singular)
rót (dual nominative)
róit (nominative plural)
róit (singular vocative)
rót (dual vocative)
rótu (plural vocative)
rót (accusative singular)
rót (accusative dual)
rótu (accusative plural)
róit (genitive singular)
rót (dual genitive)
rót (genitive plural)
rout (dative singular)
rótaib (dative dual)
rótaib (dative plural)
rót
also rrót after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: ród

Manx: raad

Scottish Gaelic: rathad

According to Alexander MacBain, a Germanic borrowing from Middle English roade (see modern English road), but 9th century Sanas Cormaic suggests the word was originally disyllabic in Old Irish—rout, IPA⁽ᵏᵉʸ⁾: /ro.ud/—(as it is in Scottish Gaelic rathad), deriving it from ro-ṡét, from ro- (“very, great”) + sét (“path”), from Proto-Celtic *φro-sentu-.


beinn

inflection of at·tá:
first-person singular conditional

inflection of at·tá:
first-person singular past subjunctive


serb

serb (masculine nominative singular)
serb (feminine nominative singular)
serb (neuter nominative singular)
seirb (masculine singular vocative)
serb (masculine singular vocative)
serb (feminine singular vocative)
serb (neuter singular vocative)
serb (accusative masculine singular)
seirb (accusative feminine singular)
serb (accusative neuter singular)
seirb (genitive masculine singular)
seirbe (feminine genitive singular)
seirb (genitive neuter singular)
serb (dative masculine singular)
seirb (dative feminine singular)
serb (dative neuter singular)
seirb (masculine nominative plural)
serba (feminine neuter nominative plural)
serbu (masculine plural vocative)
serba (masculine plural vocative)
serba (feminine neuter plural vocative)
serbu (accusative masculine plural)
serba (accusative masculine plural)
serba (accusative feminine neuter plural)
serb (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
serbaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: searbh

Scottish Gaelic: searbh

From Proto-Celtic *swerwos, from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ache”). Cognate with Welsh chwerw.

(in abstract sense) bitter, hurtful, grievous, disagreeable


serb

serb (nominative singular)
serb (singular vocative)
seirb (accusative singular)
seirbe (genitive singular)
seirb (dative singular)

From Proto-Celtic *serwā, from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“booty”); related to Latin servus (“slave”).


ain

third-person singular future/present subjunctive conjunct of aingid


ain

second-person singular imperative of aingid


catt

caitt (genitive)
catt (nominative singular)
catt (dual nominative)
caitt (nominative plural)
caitt (singular vocative)
catt (dual vocative)
cattu (plural vocative)
catt (accusative singular)
catt (accusative dual)
cattu (accusative plural)
caitt (genitive singular)
catt (dual genitive)
catt (genitive plural)
catt (dative singular)
cattaib (dative dual)
cattaib (dative plural)
catt
chatt
catt

Irish: cat

Manx: kayt

Scottish Gaelic: cat

⇒ Middle Irish: caittín

From Proto-Celtic *kattos, either borrowed from or cognate with Latin cattus, which is possibly from Afroasiatic, but see cat for more.

catt ab eo quod est cattus


folc

folc (nominative singular)
folc (dual nominative)
foilc (nominative plural)
foilc (singular vocative)
folc (dual vocative)
folcu (plural vocative)
folc (accusative singular)
folc (accusative dual)
folcu (accusative plural)
foilc (genitive singular)
folc (dual genitive)
folc (genitive plural)
folc (dative singular)
folcaib (dative dual)
folcaib (dative plural)
folc
ḟolc
folc

Middle Irish: folc

Irish: folc

From Proto-Celtic *wolkos, from a devoiced variant of Proto-Indo-European *welg-.


fon

Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑aí fon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.

It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let go to the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.

Univerbation of fo (“under”) + in (“the (accusative singular masculine/feminine; dative singular all genders)”)


dé

dïad (genitive)
dé (nominative singular)
dé (singular vocative)
dïaid (accusative singular)
dïad (genitive singular)
dïaid (dative singular)

Irish: dé

From Proto-Celtic *dwiyots, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂-.


dé

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

inflection of día (“god”):
vocative/genitive singular

inflection of día (“god”):
nominative plural

accusative/dative singular of día (“day”)


dé

Alternative spelling of de: third-person singular masculine of di (“of, from”)


relic

/ˈr͈ʲelʲiɡʲ/

third-person singular perfect prototonic of léicid


gen

gen (nominative singular)
gen (dual nominative)
gen (nominative plural)
gena (nominative plural)
gen (singular vocative)
gen (dual vocative)
gen (plural vocative)
gena (plural vocative)
gen (accusative singular)
gen (accusative dual)
gen (accusative plural)
gena (accusative plural)
gin (genitive singular)
gen (dual genitive)
gen (genitive plural)
giun (dative singular)
genaib (dative dual)
genaib (dative plural)


gen

gen (nominative singular)
gin (dual nominative)
gena (nominative plural)
gen (singular vocative)
gin (dual vocative)
gena (plural vocative)
gin (accusative singular)
gin (accusative dual)
gena (accusative plural)
gine (genitive singular)
gen (dual genitive)
gen (genitive plural)
gin (dative singular)
genaib (dative dual)
genaib (dative plural)
gen
ngen


bie

second-person singular future absolute of at·tá

third-person singular preterite relative of benaid