ap

apad (genitive)
ap (nominative singular)
apid (dual nominative)
ap (dual nominative)
apid (nominative plural)
ap (singular vocative)
apid (dual vocative)
ap (dual vocative)
aptha (plural vocative)
apid (accusative singular)
apid (accusative dual)
ap (accusative dual)
aptha (accusative plural)
apad (genitive singular)
apad (dual genitive)
apad (genitive plural)
apid (dative singular)
ap (dative singular)
apthaib (dative dual)
apthaib (dative plural)
ap
n-ap
abb (alternative)

Irish: ab

Manx: abb

Scottish Gaelic: aba

Borrowed from Latin abbās, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).

Seiss i tempul amal do·n-essid Críst; ꝉ do·géntar aidchumtach tempuil less, et pridchibid smactu rechto fetarlicce, et gébtit Iudei i n-apid, et ɔ·scéra rect núíadnissi.

He will sit in the temple as Christ sat; or rebuilding of the temple will be done by him, and he will preach the institutes of the law of the Old Testament, and the Jews will accept him as lord, and he will destroy the law of the New Testament.


sín

head

sín f (genitive síne, nominative plural sína)

síne (genitive)
sína (nominative plural)
sín (nominative singular)
sín (dual nominative)
sína (nominative plural)
sín (singular vocative)
sín (dual vocative)
sína (plural vocative)
sín (accusative singular)
sín (accusative dual)
sína (accusative plural)
síne (genitive singular)
sín (dual genitive)
sín (genitive plural)
sín (dative singular)
sínaib (dative dual)
sínaib (dative plural)
sín
ṡín

Middle Irish: sín

Irish: síon

Scottish Gaelic: sian

From Proto-Celtic *sīnā (“weather”). Cognate with Welsh hin and Breton hinon (“good weather”).

.i. conscuchud suas ar ómun inna sín.

i.e. moving upwards for fear of the storms.

Dech do sínaib céo[…]


bláthach

bláthach (nominative singular)
bláthaig (dual nominative)
bláthcha (nominative plural)
bláthach (singular vocative)
bláthaig (dual vocative)
bláthcha (plural vocative)
bláthaig (accusative singular)
bláthaig (accusative dual)
bláthcha (accusative plural)
bláthchae (genitive singular)
bláthach (dual genitive)
bláthach (genitive plural)
bláthaig (dative singular)
bláthchaib (dative dual)
bláthchaib (dative plural)
bláthach
mbláthach

Middle Irish: bláthach

Irish: bláthach

Scottish Gaelic: blàthach

→ Faroese: blak

→ Norn: blatho


tracht

trachta (genitive)
tracht (nominative singular)
tracht (dual nominative)
trachtae (nominative plural)
tracht (singular vocative)
tracht (dual vocative)
trachtu (plural vocative)
tracht (accusative singular)
tracht (accusative dual)
trachtu (accusative plural)
trachto (genitive singular)
trachta (genitive singular)
trachto (dual genitive)
trachta (dual genitive)
trachtae (genitive plural)
tracht (dative singular)
trachtaib (dative dual)
trachtaib (dative plural)
tracht
thracht
tracht

Middle Irish: tracht

Irish: trácht

From Proto-Celtic *traxtus, and either borrowed from Latin tractus or otherwise a cognate of it. Cognate with Welsh traeth.


tarta

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


días

días (nominative singular)
déis (dual nominative)
díasa (nominative plural)
días (singular vocative)
déis (dual vocative)
díasa (plural vocative)
déis (accusative singular)
déis (accusative dual)
díasa (accusative plural)
déise (genitive singular)
días (dual genitive)
días (genitive plural)
déis (dative singular)
díasaib (dative dual)
díasaib (dative plural)
días
ndías

Middle Irish: días

Irish: dias

Scottish Gaelic: dias

Manx: jeeas


saile

saile (nominative singular)
saile (dual nominative)
saile (nominative plural)
saile (singular vocative)
saile (dual vocative)
saile (plural vocative)
saile (accusative singular)
saile (accusative dual)
saile (accusative plural)
saili (genitive singular)
saile (dual genitive)
saile (genitive plural)
sailiu (dative singular)
sailib (dative dual)
sailib (dative plural)
sele (alternative)

Middle Irish: seile

Irish: seile

Manx: shelley

Scottish Gaelic: seile


daire

daire (nominative singular)
daire (dual nominative)
daire (nominative plural)
daire (singular vocative)
daire (dual vocative)
daire (plural vocative)
daire (accusative singular)
daire (accusative dual)
daire (accusative plural)
dairi (genitive singular)
daire (dual genitive)
daire (genitive plural)
dairiu (dative singular)
dairib (dative dual)
dairib (dative plural)
daire
ndaire

Irish: doire


selg

selg (nominative singular)
seilg (dual nominative)
selga (nominative plural)
selg (singular vocative)
seilg (dual vocative)
selga (plural vocative)
seilg (accusative singular)
seilg (accusative dual)
selga (accusative plural)
seilge (genitive singular)
selg (dual genitive)
selg (genitive plural)
seilg (dative singular)
selgaib (dative dual)
selgaib (dative plural)
selg
ṡelg

Irish: seilg

Scottish Gaelic: sealg

Manx: shelg

From Proto-Celtic *selgā, from Proto-Indo-European *selǵ- (“let loose, send”).


cloch

cloch (nominative singular)
cloich (dual nominative)
clocha (nominative plural)
cloch (singular vocative)
cloich (dual vocative)
clocha (plural vocative)
cloich (accusative singular)
cloich (accusative dual)
clocha (accusative plural)
cloiche (genitive singular)
cloch (dual genitive)
cloch (genitive plural)
cloich (dative singular)
clochaib (dative dual)
clochaib (dative plural)
cloch
chloch
cloch

Irish: cloch

Manx: clagh

Scottish Gaelic: clach

something built of stone, castle, fortress, stronghold


máthir

head

máthir f (genitive máthar, nominative plural máithir)

máthar (genitive)
máithir (nominative plural)
máthir (nominative singular)
máthair (nominative singular)
máthir (dual nominative)
máthair (dual nominative)
máithir (nominative plural)
máthir (singular vocative)
máthair (singular vocative)
máthir (dual vocative)
máthair (dual vocative)
máithrea (plural vocative)
máthir (accusative singular)
máthair (accusative singular)
máthir (accusative dual)
máthair (accusative dual)
máithrea (accusative plural)
máthar (genitive singular)
máthar (dual genitive)
máithre (genitive plural)
máthir (dative singular)
máthair (dative singular)
máithrib (dative dual)
máithrib (dative plural)
máthir
also mmáthir after a proclitic
ending in a vowel
máthair (alternative)

Irish: máthair

Manx: moir

Scottish Gaelic: màthair

From Proto-Celtic *mātīr, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.


scoil

inflection of scol:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of scol:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


grán

gráin (genitive)
grán (nominative singular)
grán (dual nominative)
gráin (nominative plural)
gráin (singular vocative)
grán (dual vocative)
gránu (plural vocative)
grán (accusative singular)
grán (accusative dual)
gránu (accusative plural)
gráin (genitive singular)
grán (dual genitive)
grán (genitive plural)
grán (dative singular)
gránaib (dative dual)
gránaib (dative plural)
grán
ngrán

Irish: grán

Scottish Gaelic: gràn

From Proto-Celtic *grānom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm.

grain (harvested seeds of various grass-related food crops)


ibar

ibar m (genitive ibair, nominative plural ibair)

ibair (genitive)
ibair (nominative plural)
ibar (nominative singular)
ibar (dual nominative)
ibair (nominative plural)
ibair (singular vocative)
ibar (dual vocative)
ibru (plural vocative)
ibar (accusative singular)
ibar (accusative dual)
ibru (accusative plural)
ibair (genitive singular)
ibar (dual genitive)
ibar (genitive plural)
ibur (dative singular)
ibraib (dative dual)
ibraib (dative plural)
ibar
n-ibar

Irish: iúr, iobhar (obsolete), úr

Manx: euar

Scottish Gaelic: iubhar

From Proto-Celtic *eburos. Cognate with Middle Welsh efwr (“hogweed”).


gus

gossa (genitive)
gus (nominative singular)
gus (dual nominative)
gossae (nominative plural)
gus (singular vocative)
gus (dual vocative)
gussu (plural vocative)
gus (accusative singular)
gus (accusative dual)
gussu (accusative plural)
gosso (genitive singular)
gossa (genitive singular)
gosso (dual genitive)
gossa (dual genitive)
gossae (genitive plural)
gus (dative singular)
gossaib (dative dual)
gossaib (dative plural)
gus
ngus

Middle Irish: gus

Irish: gus

From Proto-Celtic *gustus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus (“choice, taste”).


cruim

cruim (nominative singular)
cruim (dual nominative)
crumai (nominative plural)
cruim (singular vocative)
cruim (dual vocative)
crumai (plural vocative)
cruim (accusative singular)
cruim (accusative dual)
crumai (accusative plural)
crumo (genitive singular)
cruma (genitive singular)
crumo (dual genitive)
cruma (dual genitive)
crumae (genitive plural)
cruim (dative singular)
crumaib (dative dual)
crumaib (dative plural)
cruim
chruim
cruim

Irish: cruimh

Scottish Gaelic: cnuimh

q

compare Irish <i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">crumhóg</i> (“maggot”)

⇒ Manx: crooag (compare Irish crumhóg (“maggot”))

From Proto-Celtic *kʷrimis, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷŕ̥mis (“worm”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic чрьвь (črĭvĭ), Sanskrit कृमि (kṛ́mi, “worm”).


rím

rím (nominative singular)
rím (singular vocative)
rím (accusative singular)
rímae (genitive singular)
rím (dative singular)
rímad (alternative)

Irish: ríomh

From Proto-Celtic *rīmā (“number”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂rey- (“to count”).


cride

head

cride n (genitive cridi, nominative plural cride)

cridi (genitive)
cride (nominative plural)
cride (nominative singular)
cride (dual nominative)
cride (nominative plural)
cride (singular vocative)
cride (dual vocative)
cride (plural vocative)
cride (accusative singular)
cride (accusative dual)
cride (accusative plural)
cridi (genitive singular)
cride (dual genitive)
cride (genitive plural)
cridiu (dative singular)
cridib (dative dual)
cridib (dative plural)
cride
chride
cride

Irish: croí

Manx: cree

Scottish Gaelic: cridhe

From Proto-Celtic *kridyom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr.

ɔrop inonn cretem bes hi far cridiu et a n-as·beraid hó bélib

so that the belief which is in your pl heart and what you utter with [your] lips may be the same

co beid .i. co mbed a ndéde sin im labrad-sa .i. gáu et fír .i. combad sain a n‑as·berin ó bélib et aní imme·rádin ó chridiu

so that there may be, i.e. so that those two things might be in my speaking, namely false and true, i.e. so that what I might say with [my] mouth and what I might think with [my] heart might be different


mám

máma (genitive)
mám (nominative singular)
mám (dual nominative)
mámae (nominative plural)
mám (singular vocative)
mám (dual vocative)
mámu (plural vocative)
mám (accusative singular)
mám (accusative dual)
mámu (accusative plural)
mámo (genitive singular)
máma (genitive singular)
mámo (dual genitive)
máma (dual genitive)
mámae (genitive plural)
mám (dative singular)
mámaib (dative dual)
mámaib (dative plural)
mám
also mmám after a proclitic
ending in a vowel
maám (alternative)
máam (alternative)

Middle Irish: mám

Irish: mám

Uncertain. Has been connected to Proto-Germanic *makaz (“fit, suitable”), though this is dubious.


genti

genti (nominative plural)
genti (plural vocative)
genti (accusative plural)
gente (genitive plural)
gentib (dative plural)
genti
ngenti

Irish: ginte

[ˈɡʲen͈ʲtʲi]

ɔ·ríctar huili genti ꝉ drécht caich ceníuil

till all the Gentiles are saved, or a portion of every nation

is díimsa tairrchet ad·cichitis genti per mé

Of me it has been prophesied that the Gentiles will see by means of me.


éc

éca (genitive)
éc (nominative singular)
éc (dual nominative)
écae (nominative plural)
éc (singular vocative)
éc (dual vocative)
écu (plural vocative)
éc (accusative singular)
éc (accusative dual)
écu (accusative plural)
éco (genitive singular)
éca (genitive singular)
éco (dual genitive)
éca (dual genitive)
écae (genitive plural)
éc (dative singular)
écaib (dative dual)
écaib (dative plural)

Irish: éag

Scottish Gaelic: eug

From Proto-Celtic *ankus, from Proto-Indo-European *néḱus.


caí

caí (nominative singular)
caí (dual nominative)
caí (nominative plural)
caí (singular vocative)
caí (dual vocative)
caí (plural vocative)
caí (accusative singular)
caí (accusative dual)
caí (accusative plural)
caí (genitive singular)
caí (dual genitive)
caí (genitive plural)
caí (dative singular)
caí (dative dual)
caí (dative plural)
caí
chaí
caí

Scottish Gaelic: caoidh

Manx: coe


téta

nominative/vocative/accusative plural of tét


cubus

cubus (nominative singular)
cubus (dual nominative)
cuibse (nominative plural)
cuibsea (nominative plural)
cubus (singular vocative)
cubus (dual vocative)
cubus (plural vocative)
cubus (accusative singular)
cubus (accusative dual)
cubus (accusative plural)
cuibseo (genitive singular)
cuibsea (genitive singular)
cuibseo (dual genitive)
cuibsea (dual genitive)
cuibse (genitive plural)
cubus (dative singular)
cuibsib (dative dual)
cuibsib (dative plural)
cubus
chubus
cubus

Irish: cúis (“conscience”)

com- (“mutual, equal”) + fius (“knowledge”). Calque of Latin conscientia.


arán

arán (nominative singular)
arán (dual nominative)
aráin (nominative plural)
aráin (singular vocative)
arán (dual vocative)
aránu (plural vocative)
arán (accusative singular)
arán (accusative dual)
aránu (accusative plural)
aráin (genitive singular)
arán (dual genitive)
arán (genitive plural)
arán (dative singular)
aránaib (dative dual)
aránaib (dative plural)
arán
n-arán

Middle Irish: arán

Irish: arán

Manx: arran

Scottish Gaelic: aran

Derived by Eric Hamp from Proto-Celtic *aragnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-ǵnh₁-os, from *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) + *ǵenh₁- (“born”), literally “born of the plough”.


cois

inflection of cos:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of cos:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


brón

bróin (genitive)
brón (nominative singular)
brón (dual nominative)
bróin (nominative plural)
bróin (singular vocative)
brón (dual vocative)
brónu (plural vocative)
brón (accusative singular)
brón (accusative dual)
brónu (accusative plural)
bróin (genitive singular)
brón (dual genitive)
brón (genitive plural)
brón (dative singular)
brónaib (dative dual)
brónaib (dative plural)
brón
mbrón

Irish: brón

Scottish Gaelic: bròn

From Proto-Celtic *brugnos (“sadness, pain”) (also reconstructible as *bruginos, *broginos, *brognos), of uncertain further origin. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷruHǵʰ-nó-, from the root *gʷrewHǵʰ- (“to bite”) + *-nós, though the laryngeal makes this problematic; alternatively from *bʰreg- (“to break”) or another root.

"brón caích bad brón dúibsi" glosses flete cum flentibus

"ni far mbrón si ..." glosses contristati

"in brón" glosses mestitudinem

sorrow, grief, lamentation, distress, burden


dál

dál (nominative singular)
dál (dual nominative)
dál (nominative plural)
dála (nominative plural)
dál (singular vocative)
dál (dual vocative)
dál (plural vocative)
dála (plural vocative)
dál (accusative singular)
dál (accusative dual)
dál (accusative plural)
dála (accusative plural)
dáil (genitive singular)
dál (dual genitive)
dál (genitive plural)
dál (dative singular)
dálaib (dative dual)
dálaib (dative plural)

From Proto-Celtic *dālom, from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂- (“to share, divide”).


dál

dál (nominative singular)
dáil (dual nominative)
dála (nominative plural)
dál (singular vocative)
dáil (dual vocative)
dála (plural vocative)
dáil (accusative singular)
dáil (accusative dual)
dála (accusative plural)
dáile (genitive singular)
dál (dual genitive)
dál (genitive plural)
dáil (dative singular)
dálaib (dative dual)
dálaib (dative plural)

Irish: dáil

Scottish Gaelic: dàil


náire

náire (nominative singular)
náire (singular vocative)
náiri (accusative singular)
náire (genitive singular)
náiri (dative singular)
náire
also nnáire after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: náire

Manx: nearey

Scottish Gaelic: nàire

⇒ Middle Irish: innáire

From Proto-Celtic *nāryā. By surface analysis, *nár (first attested in Middle Irish) + -e. See the etymology of modern Irish náir for more.

shamefacedness, bashfulness, diffidence, backwardness, reluctance

modesty, sense of decorum, nobility of behaviour, generosity


nert

head

nert n (genitive neirt, nominative plural nert)

neirt (genitive)
nert (nominative plural)
nert (nominative singular)
nert (dual nominative)
nert (nominative plural)
nerta (nominative plural)
nert (singular vocative)
nert (dual vocative)
nert (plural vocative)
nerta (plural vocative)
nert (accusative singular)
nert (accusative dual)
nert (accusative plural)
nerta (accusative plural)
neirt (genitive singular)
nert (dual genitive)
nert (genitive plural)
niurt (dative singular)
nertaib (dative dual)
nertaib (dative plural)

Irish: neart

Manx: niart

Scottish Gaelic: neart

From Proto-Celtic *nertom (“strength, force”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ner-to- (“virile, strong”), a derivative of *h₂nḗr (“man; vital energy”).


súil

head

súil f (genitive súlo or súla, nominative plural súili)

súlo (genitive)
súla (genitive)
súili (nominative plural)
súil (nominative singular)
súil (dual nominative)
súili (nominative plural)
súli (nominative plural)
súil (singular vocative)
súil (dual vocative)
súili (plural vocative)
súli (plural vocative)
súil (accusative singular)
súil (accusative dual)
súili (accusative plural)
súli (accusative plural)
súlo (genitive singular)
súla (genitive singular)
súlo (dual genitive)
súla (dual genitive)
súile (genitive plural)
súil (dative singular)
súilib (dative dual)
súlib (dative dual)
súilib (dative plural)
súlib (dative plural)
súil
ṡúil

Irish: súil

Manx: sooill

Scottish Gaelic: sùil

From Proto-Celtic *sūle, dual of *sāwūl (“sun”) (compare Welsh haul (“sun”), Breton heol (“sun”)), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”).

Is déniu ad·ciam húa ṡúlib risíu ro·cloammar in fogur húa chluasaib, ut est is toísigiu ad·ciam teilciud in béla resíu ro·cloammar a guth sidi.

We see more quickly with the eyes before we hear the sound with the ears, ut est we see the throwing of the axe sooner before we hear the sound of this.


sét

séta (genitive)
sét (nominative singular)
sét (dual nominative)
sétae (nominative plural)
sét (singular vocative)
sét (dual vocative)
séotu (plural vocative)
sét (accusative singular)
sét (accusative dual)
séotu (accusative plural)
séto (genitive singular)
séta (genitive singular)
séto (dual genitive)
séta (dual genitive)
sétae (genitive plural)
séit (dative singular)
sétaib (dative dual)
sétaib (dative plural)

Irish: séad

From Proto-Celtic *sentus, from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to head for, go”). Cognate with Welsh hynt (“path”) and Old English sīþ (“time”).


sét

head

sét m (genitive séuit, nominative plural séuit)

séuit (genitive)
séuit (nominative plural)
sét (nominative singular)
sét (dual nominative)
séuit (nominative plural)
séuit (singular vocative)
sét (dual vocative)
séutu (plural vocative)
séuti (plural vocative)
sét (accusative singular)
sét (accusative dual)
séutu (accusative plural)
séuti (accusative plural)
séuit (genitive singular)
sét (dual genitive)
sét (genitive plural)
sét (dative singular)
sétaib (dative dual)
sétaib (dative plural)
sét
ṡét

Irish: seoid, séad

Scottish Gaelic: seud

From Proto-Celtic *swantos (“desire”). Cognate with Welsh chwant, Breton c'hoant, and Cornish whans.


ceist

ceist f (genitive cestae, nominative plural cesti)

cestae (genitive)
cesti (nominative plural)
ceist (nominative singular)
ceist (dual nominative)
cestai (nominative plural)
ceist (singular vocative)
ceist (dual vocative)
cestai (plural vocative)
ceist (accusative singular)
ceist (accusative dual)
cestai (accusative plural)
cestae (genitive singular)
cestae (dual genitive)
cestae (genitive plural)
ceist (dative singular)
cestaib (dative dual)
cestaib (dative plural)
ceist
cheist
ceist

Irish: ceist

Manx: keisht

Scottish Gaelic: ceist

Amal du·berad nech hi ceist do Dauid: “Húare is móir sléb fírinne Dǽ, cid ara fodmai-siu, ⟨a⟩ Dauid, didiu a ndu imnedaib ⁊ frithoircnib fodaimi? Air it fírián-⟨s⟩u.” Ícaid-som didiu anísin, a n-as·mbeir iudicia Domini abisus multa .i. ataat mesai Dǽ nephchomtetarrachti amal abis ⁊ amal fudumain. Is ed in sin fod·era in n-erígim, cid ara fodaim int aís fírián inna fochaidi, ⁊ cid ara mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib.

As though someone had put as a question to David: “Because God’s righteousness is as great as a mountain, why then, David, dost thou suffer what of afflictions and injuries thou sufferest? For thou art righteous.” He solves that then when he says “iudicia Domini abyssus multa”, i.e. there are judgments of God incomprehensible like an abyss and like a depth. That is what causes the complaint why the righteous folk endure tribulations, and why sinners are in prosperity.


caill

caille (genitive)
caill (nominative singular)
caill (dual nominative)
cailli (nominative plural)
caill (singular vocative)
caill (dual vocative)
cailli (plural vocative)
caill (accusative singular)
caill (accusative dual)
cailli (accusative plural)
caille (genitive singular)
caille (dual genitive)
caille (genitive plural)
caill (dative singular)
caillib (dative dual)
caillib (dative plural)
caill
chaill
caill

Irish: coill

Manx: keyll

Scottish Gaelic: coille


fírinne

fírinne (nominative singular)
fírinne (singular vocative)
fírinni (accusative singular)
fírinne (genitive singular)
fírinni (dative singular)
fírinne
ḟírinne
fírinne

Irish: fírinne

Manx: firriney

Scottish Gaelic: fìrinne

[ˈɸʲiːrʲin͈ʲe]


gréine

/ˈɡʲrʲeːnʲe/


salann

salainn (genitive)
salann (nominative singular)
salainn (singular vocative)
salann (accusative singular)
salainn (genitive singular)
salunn (dative singular)
salann
ṡalann

Irish: salann

Manx: sollan

Scottish Gaelic: salann

From Proto-Celtic *saleinos (compare Welsh halen), from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls, whence also English salt, Latin sāl.


lacht

lachta (genitive)
lacht (nominative singular)
lacht (singular vocative)
lacht (accusative singular)
lachto (genitive singular)
lachta (genitive singular)
lacht (dative singular)
lacht
also llacht after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: lacht

Scottish Gaelic: lac, lachd

Borrowed from Latin lac, presumably via Late Latin lactis.


géc

géc (nominative singular)
géic (dual nominative)
géca (nominative plural)
géc (singular vocative)
géic (dual vocative)
géca (plural vocative)
géic (accusative singular)
géic (accusative dual)
géca (accusative plural)
géice (genitive singular)
géc (dual genitive)
géc (genitive plural)
géic (dative singular)
gécaib (dative dual)
gécaib (dative plural)
géc
ngéc

Irish: géag

Scottish Gaelic: geug

From Proto-Celtic *kankā, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱak- (“branch”). Cognate with Sanskrit शाखा (śā́khā), Lithuanian šakà (“branch”) and Gothic 𐌷𐍉𐌷𐌰 (hōha, “plough”).


tain

inflection of tan:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of tan:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


cin

cin (nominative singular)
cinaid (dual nominative)
cin (dual nominative)
cinaid (nominative plural)
cin (singular vocative)
cinaid (dual vocative)
cin (dual vocative)
cinta (plural vocative)
cinaid (accusative singular)
cinaid (accusative dual)
cin (accusative dual)
cinta (accusative plural)
cinad (genitive singular)
cinad (dual genitive)
cinad (genitive plural)
cinaid (dative singular)
cintaib (dative dual)
cintaib (dative plural)
cin
chin
cin

desc

Middle Irish: cin (“guilt; payment due, fee”)

Classical Gaelic: cion (“guilt; due portion; partiality”)

Irish: cion (“transgression; share; affection”)

From Proto-Celtic *kʷinuts, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to pay, avenge”).


rét

rét (nominative singular)
rét (dual nominative)
rétae (nominative plural)
réte (nominative plural)
rét (singular vocative)
rét (dual vocative)
rétu (plural vocative)
rét (accusative singular)
rét (accusative dual)
rétu (accusative plural)
réto (genitive singular)
réta (genitive singular)
réto (dual genitive)
réta (dual genitive)
rétae (genitive plural)
réte (genitive plural)
rét (dative singular)
rétaib (dative dual)
rétaib (dative plural)
réit (alternative)

Irish: réad, rud

Manx: red

Scottish Gaelic: rud

Without other cognates in Celtic, but theoretically from Proto-Celtic *rentus, perhaps related to Sanskrit रत्न (rátna, “possession; precious object, treasure, riches, goods”) via a common Proto-Indo-European *(H)ren-t-.

cog

i cach réit ro·hí a less

Ci as·bera nech ro·pïa nem cía du·gneid na rétu sa, nípa fír.

Even if anyone says you pl will have heaven although you do these things, it will not be true.

cia beith ar n‑acathar nech inna rétu inducbaidi in betha so, arnach·corathar i mmoth ⁊ machthad dia seirc ⁊ dia n‑accubur

though it be that someone sees the glorious things of this world, that he may not be put in stupor and admiration by love for them and by desire for them


láma

láma
also lláma after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

nominative/vocative/accusative plural of lám


píana

nominative/accusative/vocative plural of pén


bél

head

bél m (genitive béoil or béuil, nominative plural béoil or béuil)

béoil (genitive)
béuil (genitive)
béoil (nominative plural)
béuil (nominative plural)
bél (nominative singular)
bél (dual nominative)
béoil (nominative plural)
béuil (nominative plural)
béoil (singular vocative)
béuil (singular vocative)
bél (dual vocative)
béolu (plural vocative)
bél (accusative singular)
bél (accusative dual)
béolu (accusative plural)
béoil (genitive singular)
béuil (genitive singular)
bél (dual genitive)
bél (genitive plural)
béul (dative singular)
bélaib (dative dual)
bélib (dative dual)
bélaib (dative plural)
bélib (dative plural)
bél
mbél

Irish: béal, beola

Manx: beeal

Scottish Gaelic: beul

⇒ Middle Irish: bélbach

Irish: béalbhach

Possibly from Proto-Celtic *weblos. Compare Welsh gwefl (“animal lip”), Cornish gwevel.


míl

míl n (genitive míl, nominative plural míla or míl)

míl (genitive)
míla (nominative plural)
míl (nominative plural)
míl (nominative singular)
míl (dual nominative)
míl (nominative plural)
míla (nominative plural)
míl (singular vocative)
míl (dual vocative)
míl (plural vocative)
míla (plural vocative)
míl (accusative singular)
míl (accusative dual)
míl (accusative plural)
míla (accusative plural)
míl (genitive singular)
míl (dual genitive)
míl (genitive plural)
míl (dative singular)
mílaib (dative dual)
mílaib (dative plural)
míl
also mmíl after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: míol

Manx: meeyl

Scottish Gaelic: mial

From Proto-Celtic *mīlom (compare Welsh mil), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₁l- (compare Dutch maal (“calf”), Ancient Greek μῆλον (mêlon, “sheep”)).


cona

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


ét

éuit (genitive)
ét (nominative singular)
éuit (singular vocative)
ét (accusative singular)
éuit (genitive singular)
éut (dative singular)
ǽt (alternative)

Irish: éad

Manx: ead

Scottish Gaelic: eud

From Proto-Celtic *yantus, from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂-. Cognates include Ancient Greek ζῆλος (zêlos) and Sanskrit यत्न (yatna, “zeal”)), यस्यति (yasyati, “strive for”).

trisin intamail sin .i. combad ǽt leu buid domsa i n-iriss et duús in intamlitis

through that imitation, i.e. so that there may be jealousy with them for me to be in faith and if by chance they might imitate [me]


ét

ét (nominative singular)
ét (singular vocative)
éit (accusative singular)
éite (genitive singular)
éit (dative singular)
ét
n-ét

From Proto-Celtic *intā, containing the prefix in-.


topar

topar (nominative singular)
topar (dual nominative)
topair (nominative plural)
topair (singular vocative)
topar (dual vocative)
topru (plural vocative)
topar (accusative singular)
topar (accusative dual)
topru (accusative plural)
topair (genitive singular)
topar (dual genitive)
topar (genitive plural)
topar (dative singular)
topraib (dative dual)
topraib (dative plural)
topar
thopar
topar

Irish: tobar

Manx: çhibbyr

Scottish Gaelic: tobar

From Proto-Celtic *to-od-bur, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁- (“to brew, boil”). However, compare inbhir (“mouth of a river”). Synonymous with tipra.


tocad

tocaid (genitive)
tocad (nominative singular)
tocad (dual nominative)
tocaid (nominative plural)
tocaid (singular vocative)
tocad (dual vocative)
toicdiu (plural vocative)
tocad (accusative singular)
tocad (accusative dual)
toicdiu (accusative plural)
tocaid (genitive singular)
tocad (dual genitive)
tocad (genitive plural)
tocud (dative singular)
toicdib (dative dual)
toicdib (dative plural)
tocad
thocad
tocad
toceth (alternative)

From Proto-Celtic *tonketos. Cognate with Welsh tynged (“destiny, fate”).


abis

Irish: aibhéis (possibly or partially)

Borrowed from Latin abyssus, from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos).

is samlid insin rodaingnigestar Dia imna abissiu

even so hath God made firm about the abysses

Amal du·berad nech hi ceist do Dauid: “Húare is móir sléb fírinne Dǽ, cid ara fodmai-siu, ⟨a⟩ Dauid, didiu a ndu imnedaib ⁊ frithoircnib fo·daimi? Air it fírián-⟨s⟩u.” Ícaid-som didiu anísin, a n‑as·mbeir iudicia Domini abisus multa .i. ataat mesai Dǽ nephchomtetarrachti amal abis ⁊ amal fudumain. Is ed in sin fod·era in n‑erígim, cid ara fodaim int aís fírián inna fochaidi, ⁊ cid ara mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib.


cían

cían (nominative singular)
céin (dual nominative)
cíana (nominative plural)
cían (singular vocative)
céin (dual vocative)
cíana (plural vocative)
céin (accusative singular)
céin (accusative dual)
cíana (accusative plural)
céine (genitive singular)
cían (dual genitive)
cían (genitive plural)
céin (dative singular)
cíanaib (dative dual)
cíanaib (dative plural)
cían
chían
cían
cén (alternative)

Middle Irish: cían

Irish: cian

Scottish Gaelic: cian

From Proto-Celtic *keinos. The noun is a feminine substantivization of the adjective.


áram

áirme (genitive)
áram (nominative singular)
áraim (dual nominative)
áirim (dual nominative)
áirmea (nominative plural)
áram (singular vocative)
áraim (dual vocative)
áirim (dual vocative)
áirmea (plural vocative)
áraim (accusative singular)
áirim (accusative singular)
áraim (accusative dual)
áirim (accusative dual)
áirmea (accusative plural)
áirme (genitive singular)
áram (dual genitive)
áram (genitive plural)
áraim (dative singular)
áirim (dative singular)
áirmib (dative dual)
áirmib (dative plural)
árem
n-árem
áirem (alternative)
árem (alternative)

Middle Irish: áirem

Irish: áireamh

Manx: earroo

Scottish Gaelic: àireamh

desctree

⇒ Middle Irish: comáirem
Irish: comhaireamh

tri togair inn anmae Dǽ ⁊ árim a degmaine

through calling on the name of God and enumerating his benefits

certain collective quantity, amount, sum


rían

rían (nominative singular)
rían (dual nominative)
réin (nominative plural)
réin (singular vocative)
rían (dual vocative)
ríanu (plural vocative)
rían (accusative singular)
rían (accusative dual)
ríanu (accusative plural)
réin (genitive singular)
rían (dual genitive)
rían (genitive plural)
rían (dative singular)
ríanaib (dative dual)
ríanaib (dative plural)

Irish: rian

Scottish Gaelic: rian


rige

rige (nominative singular)
rigi (dual nominative)
rigi (nominative plural)
rige (singular vocative)
rigi (dual vocative)
rigi (plural vocative)
rigi (accusative singular)
rigi (accusative dual)
rigi (accusative plural)
rige (genitive singular)
rige (dual genitive)
rige (genitive plural)
rigi (dative singular)
rigib (dative dual)
rigib (dative plural)
rige
also rrige after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


legad

legtha (genitive)
lechtha (genitive)
legad (nominative singular)
legad (singular vocative)
legad (accusative singular)
legtha (genitive singular)
lechtha (genitive singular)
legud (dative singular)
legad
also llegad after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: leá

Scottish Gaelic: leaghadh


opar

oipre (genitive)
opar (nominative singular)
opair (dual nominative)
oiprea (nominative plural)
opar (singular vocative)
opair (dual vocative)
oiprea (plural vocative)
opair (accusative singular)
opair (accusative dual)
oiprea (accusative plural)
oipre (genitive singular)
opar (dual genitive)
opar (genitive plural)
opair (dative singular)
oiprib (dative dual)
oiprib (dative plural)
opar
n-opar

Middle Irish: opar, opair

Irish: obair

Manx: obbyr

Scottish Gaelic: obair


molad

molto (genitive)
molad (nominative singular)
molad (dual nominative)
moltai (nominative plural)
molad (singular vocative)
molad (dual vocative)
moltu (plural vocative)
molad (accusative singular)
molad (accusative dual)
moltu (accusative plural)
molto (genitive singular)
molta (genitive singular)
molto (dual genitive)
molta (dual genitive)
moltae (genitive plural)
molad (dative singular)
moltaib (dative dual)
moltaib (dative plural)
molad
also mmolad after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: moladh

Scottish Gaelic: moladh

From Proto-Celtic *molātus. See also Middle Welsh molawdd and Gaulish molatus.

Inna c{h}enél fo·rrorbris, fos·roammámigestar dïa molad ⁊ dïa adrad.

The peoples whom he has routed, he has subjugated them to his praise and to his worship.

Im·folṅgi inducbáil dó in molad ro·mmolastar Día.

The praise (with) which he has praised God causes glory to him.


meirle

meirle (nominative singular)
meirli (dual nominative)
meirli (nominative plural)
meirle (singular vocative)
meirli (dual vocative)
meirli (plural vocative)
meirli (accusative singular)
meirli (accusative dual)
meirli (accusative plural)
meirle (genitive singular)
meirle (dual genitive)
meirle (genitive plural)
meirli (dative singular)
meirlib (dative dual)
meirlib (dative plural)
meirle
also mmeirle after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Scottish Gaelic: mèirle


graig

head

graig f or m (genitive grega, nominative plural graigi)

grega (genitive)
graigi (nominative plural)
graig (nominative singular)
graig (dual nominative)
graigi (nominative plural)
graig (singular vocative)
graig (dual vocative)
graigi (plural vocative)
graig (accusative singular)
graig (accusative dual)
graigi (accusative plural)
grego (genitive singular)
grega (genitive singular)
grego (dual genitive)
grega (dual genitive)
graige (genitive plural)
graig (dative singular)
graigib (dative dual)
graigib (dative plural)
graig
ngraig

Báite Pharo lia ṡlúag sain co cairptib ocus mór-graig.

Pharaoh was drowned with his own host,   with chariots and a great number of horses.

Sarugad Eugain Mainisdreach, abbatis Airdd Machae hi foigaillnaig la Conchobar m. n-Donnchada co n-arrgabtha a muinnter & co ructha a graigi.

Eógan of Mainister, abbot of Armagh, was dishonoured over … by Conchobor, son of Donnchad; and his followers were taken prisoner; and his horses taken away.


ferge

ferge
ḟerge
ferge
fercae (alternative)
ferce (alternative)


laith

latha (genitive)
laith (nominative singular)
laith (singular vocative)
laith (accusative singular)
latho (genitive singular)
latha (genitive singular)
laith (dative singular)

Irish: laith

Scottish Gaelic: laith

From Proto-Celtic *latis (“alcoholic beverage”).


laith

Alternative spelling of ḟlaith: lenited form of flaith.


dér

dér (nominative plural)
dér (nominative singular)
dér (dual nominative)
dér (nominative plural)
déra (nominative plural)
dér (singular vocative)
dér (dual vocative)
dér (plural vocative)
déra (plural vocative)
dér (accusative singular)
dér (accusative dual)
dér (accusative plural)
déra (accusative plural)
déir (genitive singular)
dér (dual genitive)
dér (genitive plural)
dér (dative singular)
déraib (dative dual)
déraib (dative plural)
dǽr (alternative)

Middle Irish: dér f

Irish: deoir

Scottish Gaelic: deur

Manx: jeir

From Proto-Celtic *dakrom, from Proto-Indo-European *dáḱru. Celtic cognates include Welsh deigryn and Cornish dager. More distant Indo-European relatives include Old Norse tár, Old Armenian արտասուք (artasukʻ), Ancient Greek δάκρυ (dákru), and Latin lacrima.


cath

catho (genitive)
catha (genitive)
cath (nominative singular)
cath (dual nominative)
cathae (nominative plural)
cath (singular vocative)
cath (dual vocative)
cathu (plural vocative)
cath (accusative singular)
cath (accusative dual)
cathu (accusative plural)
catho (genitive singular)
catha (genitive singular)
catho (dual genitive)
catha (dual genitive)
cathae (genitive plural)
cath (dative singular)
cathaib (dative dual)
cathaib (dative plural)
cath
chath
cath

Irish: cath

Manx: cah

Scottish Gaelic: cath

⇒ Middle Irish: cathaigecht (“warfare”)

From Primitive Irish ᚉᚐᚈᚈᚒ (cattu), from Proto-Celtic *katus, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₃tus (“fight”).

in chatho [translating proelii]

amal du·n‑em-side nech íarna chúl hi cath

as he protects someone behind him in battle

fon chath [translating sub Marte]


árus

head

árus n (genitive áruis, nominative plural árusa)

áruis (genitive)
árusa (nominative plural)
árus (nominative singular)
árus (dual nominative)
árus (nominative plural)
árusa (nominative plural)
árus (singular vocative)
árus (dual vocative)
árus (plural vocative)
árusa (plural vocative)
árus (accusative singular)
árus (accusative dual)
árus (accusative plural)
árusa (accusative plural)
áruis (genitive singular)
árus (dual genitive)
árus (genitive plural)
árus (dative singular)
árusaib (dative dual)
árusaib (dative plural)
árus
n-árus
áros (alternative)

Irish: áras

Scottish Gaelic: àras


fulang

fulang n or m (genitive fulaing, nominative plural fulaing or fuilnge)

fulaing (genitive)
fulaing (nominative plural)
fuilnge (nominative plural)
fulang (nominative singular)
fulang (singular vocative)
fulang (accusative singular)
fulaing (genitive singular)
fulung (dative singular)
fulang (nominative singular)
fulaing (singular vocative)
fulang (accusative singular)
fulaing (genitive singular)
fulung (dative singular)
fulang
ḟulang
fulang


Lochlannach

Lochlannach (nominative singular)
Lochlannach (dual nominative)
Lochlannaig (nominative plural)
Lochlannaig (singular vocative)
Lochlannach (dual vocative)
Lochlannachu (plural vocative)
Lochlannach (accusative singular)
Lochlannach (accusative dual)
Lochlannachu (accusative plural)
Lochlannaig (genitive singular)
Lochlannach (dual genitive)
Lochlannach (genitive plural)
Lochlannach (dative singular)
Lochlannachaib (dative dual)
Lochlannachaib (dative plural)
Lochlannach
also Llochlannach after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: Lochlannach

Manx: Loghlynagh

Scottish Gaelic: Lochlannach


Grec

Alternative spelling of Gréc (“Greek person”)


roí

roí
also rroí after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


cainnt

Irish: caint

Manx: caaynt

Scottish Gaelic: cainnt


leth

leth n (genitive leith or leithe, nominative plural leth or leithe)

leith (genitive)
leithe (genitive)
leth (nominative plural)
leithe (nominative plural)
leth (nominative singular)
leth (dual nominative)
leth (nominative plural)
leth (singular vocative)
leth (dual vocative)
leth (plural vocative)
leth (accusative singular)
leth (accusative dual)
leth (accusative plural)
leith (genitive singular)
leth (dual genitive)
leth (genitive plural)
leuth (dative singular)
lethaib (dative dual)
lethaib (dative plural)
leth (nominative singular)
leth (dual nominative)
leithe (nominative plural)
leth (singular vocative)
leth (dual vocative)
leithe (plural vocative)
leth (accusative singular)
leth (accusative dual)
leithe (accusative plural)
leithe (genitive singular)
leithe (dual genitive)
leithe (genitive plural)
leith (dative singular)
leithib (dative dual)
leithib (dative plural)
leth
also lleth after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: leath

Manx: lieh

Scottish Gaelic: leth

From Primitive Irish *ᚂᚓᚈᚐᚄ (*letas), from Proto-Celtic *letos, perhaps cognate with Latin latus (“side”), or from Proto-Celtic *ɸletos.
Celtic cognates include Welsh lled (“breadth, width, half”), Middle Breton let, led (“large”), and Cornish les.

c. 700, Glosses in the Computus Einsidlensis, published in "The early Old Irish material in the newly discovered Computus Einsidlensis (c. AD 700)", Ériu 58 (2008, Royal Irish Academy), edited and with translations by Jacopo Bisagni and Immo Warntjes
maá triun, laigu leut

[5/12 is] greater than one third, smaller than one half.


daim

inflection of dam:
vocative/genitive singular


dám

dám f (genitive dámae, nominative plural dáma)

dámae (genitive)
dáma (nominative plural)
dám (nominative singular)
dáim (dual nominative)
dáma (nominative plural)
dám (singular vocative)
dáim (dual vocative)
dáma (plural vocative)
dáim (accusative singular)
dáim (accusative dual)
dáma (accusative plural)
dámae (genitive singular)
dám (dual genitive)
dám (genitive plural)
dáim (dative singular)
dámaib (dative dual)
dámaib (dative plural)
dám
ndám

Middle Irish: dám, dáim

Irish: dámh, dáimh

Scottish Gaelic: dàmh, dàimh

From Proto-Celtic *dāmā, a collective term built on Proto-Celtic *dāmos (whence Proto-Brythonic *dọβ̃ (“client; son-in-law”)), from Proto-Indo-European *dōm-o-s (“belonging to the house”), a vṛddhi derivative of Proto-Indo-European *dom-o-s, thematized form of *dṓm (“house, home”). Previously connected with Ancient Greek δῆμος (dêmos, “district, people”) from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂- (“share”) but this derivation was rejected by Campanile, who instead proposed the accepted etymology.
Related to dom (“home, house”) and déis (“client(s)”).


tír

head

tír n (genitive tíre, nominative plural tíre)

tíre (genitive)
tíre (nominative plural)
tír (nominative singular)
tír (dual nominative)
tíre (nominative plural)
tír (singular vocative)
tír (dual vocative)
tíre (plural vocative)
tír (accusative singular)
tír (accusative dual)
tíre (accusative plural)
tíre (genitive singular)
tíre (dual genitive)
tíre (genitive plural)
tír (dative singular)
tírib (dative dual)
tírib (dative plural)
tír
thír
tír

Irish: tír

Manx: çheer

Scottish Gaelic: tìr

nominative/vocative/accusative singular and dual

From Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. ‘dry land’ as opposed to lake or sea. Cognates include English thirst, Latin terra.


crann

cruinn (genitive)
crann (nominative singular)
crann (dual nominative)
crann (nominative plural)
cranna (nominative plural)
crann (singular vocative)
crann (dual vocative)
crann (plural vocative)
cranna (plural vocative)
crann (accusative singular)
crann (accusative dual)
crann (accusative plural)
cranna (accusative plural)
cruinn (genitive singular)
crann (dual genitive)
crann (genitive plural)
crunn (dative singular)
crannaib (dative dual)
crannaib (dative plural)
crann
chrann
crann

Middle Irish: crann

Irish: crann

Manx: croan

Scottish Gaelic: crann

From Proto-Celtic *kʷresnom. Cognate to Welsh pren.

To·fich sruth folo – ró tinn – combu derg snob cech óenchruinn.

A stream of blood gushed forth – too severe – so that the bark of every single tree was red.

.i. don chrunn fésin is nomen buxum hi sin, ni don torud ⁊ is ainsid neutair.

The word buxum here is for the tree itself, not for the fruit, and it is an accusative neuter.

.i. roth cruind forsa ndenat na cerda in lestrai nui ł. cran cruin immua mbiat ocua ndenum.

i.e. a round wheel on which the potters make the new vessels, or a round piece of wood around which [the potters] are while making [the vessels].


lorg

lorg m (genitive luirg, nominative plural luirg)

luirg (genitive)
luirg (nominative plural)
lorg (nominative singular)
lorg (dual nominative)
luirg (nominative plural)
luirg (singular vocative)
lorg (dual vocative)
lurgu (plural vocative)
lorg (accusative singular)
lorg (accusative dual)
lurgu (accusative plural)
luirg (genitive singular)
lorg (dual genitive)
lorg (genitive plural)
lurg (dative singular)
lorgaib (dative dual)
lorgaib (dative plural)

Irish: lorg

Scottish Gaelic: lorg

From Proto-Celtic *lorgos, from Proto-Indo-European *lerg- (“slippery, even”).


lorg

head

lorg f (genitive loirge, nominative plural lorga)

loirge (genitive)
lorga (nominative plural)
lorg (nominative singular)
loirg (dual nominative)
lorga (nominative plural)
lorg (singular vocative)
loirg (dual vocative)
lorga (plural vocative)
loirg (accusative singular)
loirg (accusative dual)
lorga (accusative plural)
loirge (genitive singular)
lorg (dual genitive)
lorg (genitive plural)
loirg (dative singular)
lorgaib (dative dual)
lorgaib (dative plural)
lorg
also llorg after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


aimsir

inflection of aimser:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of aimser:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


aithne

aithne (nominative singular)
aithne (dual nominative)
aithne (nominative plural)
aithne (singular vocative)
aithne (dual vocative)
aithne (plural vocative)
aithne (accusative singular)
aithne (accusative dual)
aithne (accusative plural)
aithni (genitive singular)
aithne (dual genitive)
aithne (genitive plural)
aithniu (dative singular)
aithnib (dative dual)
aithnib (dative plural)
aithne
n-aithne

a n-aithne glosses depositum

an act of entrusting, handing over; the thing entrusted


grís

grís (nominative singular)
grís (singular vocative)
grís (accusative singular)
gríse (genitive singular)
grís (dative singular)
grís
ngrís
gríss (alternative)

Irish: gríos

Manx: grees

Scottish Gaelic: grìos

⇒ Middle Irish: grísach

Irish: gríosach

Same source as grían (“sun”). Matasović specifically reconstructs Proto-Celtic *gʷrīnsos for this term, deriving it from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”).

der

(figuratively) glow, ardour, valour, passion


cís

cís (nominative singular)
cís (dual nominative)
císae (nominative plural)
cís (singular vocative)
cís (dual vocative)
císu (plural vocative)
cís (accusative singular)
cís (accusative dual)
císu (accusative plural)
císo (genitive singular)
císa (genitive singular)
císo (dual genitive)
císa (dual genitive)
císae (genitive plural)
cís (dative singular)
císaib (dative dual)
císaib (dative plural)
cís (nominative singular)
cís (dual nominative)
cís (nominative plural)
císa (nominative plural)
cís (singular vocative)
cís (dual vocative)
cís (plural vocative)
cís (accusative singular)
cís (accusative dual)
cís (accusative plural)
císo (genitive singular)
císa (genitive singular)
císo (dual genitive)
císa (dual genitive)
cís (genitive plural)
cís (dative singular)
císaib (dative dual)
císaib (dative plural)
cís
chís
cís

Irish: cíos

Manx: keesh

Scottish Gaelic: cìs


fér

head

fér n (genitive féuir, nominative plural féra)

féuir (genitive)
féra (nominative plural)
fér (nominative singular)
fér (dual nominative)
fér (nominative plural)
féra (nominative plural)
fér (singular vocative)
fér (dual vocative)
fér (plural vocative)
féra (plural vocative)
fér (accusative singular)
fér (accusative dual)
fér (accusative plural)
féra (accusative plural)
féuir (genitive singular)
fér (dual genitive)
fér (genitive plural)
féor (dative singular)
féraib (dative dual)
féraib (dative plural)
fér
ḟér
fér

Irish: féar

Manx: faiyr

Scottish Gaelic: feur

From Proto-Celtic *wegrom (“grass”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weg- (“increase, enlarge”) via a sense ‘outgrowth’. Cognate with Cornish gora and Welsh gwair (“hay”).


cumail

inflection of cumal:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of cumal:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


rád

rád (nominative singular)
rád (dual nominative)
ráid (nominative plural)
ráid (singular vocative)
rád (dual vocative)
rádu (plural vocative)
rád (accusative singular)
rád (accusative dual)
rádu (accusative plural)
ráid (genitive singular)
rád (dual genitive)
rád (genitive plural)
rád (dative singular)
rádaib (dative dual)
rádaib (dative plural)
rád
also rrád after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: rá

Scottish Gaelic: ràdh

From Proto-Celtic *rādos, from the root Proto-Indo-European *Hreh₁dʰ-.


gili

inflection of gile:
accusative/dative singular


maig

maig
also mmaig after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


tuill

inflection of toll:
vocative/genitive singular


fers

head

fers m (genitive ferso or fersa, nominative plural fersai)

ferso (genitive)
fersa (genitive)
fersai (nominative plural)
fers (nominative singular)
fers (dual nominative)
fersae (nominative plural)
fersai (nominative plural)
fers (singular vocative)
fers (dual vocative)
fersu (plural vocative)
fers (accusative singular)
fers (accusative dual)
fersu (accusative plural)
ferso (genitive singular)
fersa (genitive singular)
ferso (dual genitive)
fersa (dual genitive)
fersae (genitive plural)
fers (dative singular)
fersaib (dative dual)
fersaib (dative plural)
fers
ḟers
fers

Is he in fers-[s]o ro·gab Ch[i]rine oc techt i mBethil .i. haec requies rl. "Bid fír æm," olsesom, "is sunt bia-sa in eilithri co llae messa."

This is the verse that Jerome sang as he went into Bethlehem, namely, haec requies and so on; “it will indeed be true,” he says: “it is here that I will be in pilgrimage until the Day of Judgement.”

Noch ní accam isint saltair in fers n-ísin.

However, we do not see that verse in the Psalter.


bachlaig

inflection of bachlach:
vocative/genitive singular

inflection of bachlach:
nominative plural


lúas

lúas (nominative singular)
lúas (singular vocative)
lúas (accusative singular)
lúaso (genitive singular)
lúasa (genitive singular)
lúas (dative singular)
lúas
also llúas after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: luas

Manx: laueys

Scottish Gaelic: lùths


aue

aue (nominative singular)
aue (dual nominative)
aui (nominative plural)
ui (nominative plural)
aui (singular vocative)
aue (dual vocative)
uu (plural vocative)
aue (accusative singular)
aue (accusative dual)
uu (accusative plural)
aui (genitive singular)
ui (genitive singular)
aue (dual genitive)
aue (genitive plural)
uu (dative singular)
auib (dative dual)
uib (dative dual)
auib (dative plural)
uib (dative plural)
aue
n-aue

Middle Irish: úa

Irish: ó, ua

Manx: oe

Scottish Gaelic: ogha

→ Scots: oe

From Primitive Irish ᚐᚃᚔ (avi) (Old Irish aui/ui, Modern Irish uí), from Proto-Celtic *awyos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewh₂yos. Cognate with Old Prussian awis, Latin avus, Gothic 𐌰𐍅𐍉 (awō) and Old Armenian հաւ (haw).


articol

articol m (genitive articuil, nominative plural articuil)

articuil (genitive)
articuil (nominative plural)
articol (nominative singular)
articol (dual nominative)
articuil (nominative plural)
articuil (singular vocative)
articol (dual vocative)
articlu (plural vocative)
articol (accusative singular)
articol (accusative dual)
articlu (accusative plural)
articuil (genitive singular)
articol (dual genitive)
articol (genitive plural)
articol (dative singular)
articlaib (dative dual)
articlaib (dative plural)
articol
n-articol

Irish: airteagal

Scottish Gaelic: airteagal


ollam

ollam (nominative singular)
ollomain (dual nominative)
ollomain (nominative plural)
ollam (singular vocative)
ollomain (dual vocative)
ollomana (plural vocative)
ollomain (accusative singular)
ollomain (accusative dual)
ollomana (accusative plural)
olloman (genitive singular)
olloman (dual genitive)
olloman (genitive plural)
ollomain (dative singular)
ollam (dative singular)
ollomanaib (dative dual)
ollomanaib (dative plural)

Irish: ollamh

→ English: ollamh

Manx: olloo

Scottish Gaelic: ollamh

From oll (“great, vast”) + -am (occupational noun-forming suffix).

suffix

A master in a particular trade or skill.

the highest rank of fili, or a title of the highest member of any group.


glinne

[ˈɡʲlʲin͈ʲe]

inflection of glenn:
genitive all numbers

inflection of glenn:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


cloich

inflection of cloch:
accusative/dative singular

inflection of cloch:
nominative/vocative/accusative dual


sruth

head

sruth n or m (genitive srotho, nominative plural srotha)

srotho (genitive)
srotha (nominative plural)
sruth (nominative singular)
sruth (dual nominative)
srothae (nominative plural)
sruth (singular vocative)
sruth (dual vocative)
srothu (plural vocative)
sruth (accusative singular)
sruth (accusative dual)
srothu (accusative plural)
srotho (genitive singular)
srotha (genitive singular)
srotho (dual genitive)
srotha (dual genitive)
srothae (genitive plural)
sruth (dative singular)
srothaib (dative dual)
srothaib (dative plural)

Irish: sruth

Manx: stroo

Scottish Gaelic: sruth

From Proto-Celtic *srutom, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“flow, stream”). Cognate with Welsh ffrwd and maybe the Gaulish hydronym Phroudis.


notaire

head

notaire m (genitive notairi, nominative plural notairi)

notairi (genitive)
notairi (nominative plural)
notaire (nominative singular)
notaire (dual nominative)
notairi (nominative plural)
notairi (singular vocative)
notaire (dual vocative)
notairiu (plural vocative)
notaire (accusative singular)
notaire (accusative dual)
notairiu (accusative plural)
notairi (genitive singular)
notaire (dual genitive)
notaire (genitive plural)
notairiu (dative singular)
notairib (dative dual)
notairib (dative plural)
notaire
also nnotaire after a proclitic
ending in a vowel
notire (alternative)

Irish: nodaire

Borrowed from Latin notārius (“note-taker”).

Combad notire rod·scríbad cosse.

It would have been a secretary who had written it until now.


lerg

lerg (nominative singular)
leirg (dual nominative)
lerga (nominative plural)
lerg (singular vocative)
leirg (dual vocative)
lerga (plural vocative)
leirg (accusative singular)
leirg (accusative dual)
lerga (accusative plural)
leirge (genitive singular)
lerg (dual genitive)
lerg (genitive plural)
leirg (dative singular)
lergaib (dative dual)
lergaib (dative plural)

Irish: learg

Cognate with Old Armenian ողորկ (ołork, “smooth”) and լերկ (lerk, “hairless”).


lés

lés (nominative singular)
lés (dual nominative)
lésae (nominative plural)
lés (singular vocative)
lés (dual vocative)
lésu (plural vocative)
lés (accusative singular)
lés (accusative dual)
lésu (accusative plural)
léso (genitive singular)
lésa (genitive singular)
léso (dual genitive)
lésa (dual genitive)
lésae (genitive plural)
lés (dative singular)
lésaib (dative dual)
lésaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: lés, lóess

Irish: léas, leos

From Proto-Celtic *ɸlenstus; compare Latin splendeō, Tocharian A plāntā- (“rejoice”). Alternatively, borrowed from Old Norse ljós.


lés

lés (nominative singular)
lés (dual nominative)
lésae (nominative plural)
lés (singular vocative)
lés (dual vocative)
lésu (plural vocative)
lés (accusative singular)
lés (accusative dual)
lésu (accusative plural)
léso (genitive singular)
lésa (genitive singular)
léso (dual genitive)
lésa (dual genitive)
lésae (genitive plural)
lés (dative singular)
lésaib (dative dual)
lésaib (dative plural)
lés
also llés after a proclitic
ending in a vowel


derbráthair

derbráthair (nominative singular)
derbráthair (dual nominative)
derbráithir (nominative plural)
derbráthair (singular vocative)
derbráthair (dual vocative)
derbráithrea (plural vocative)
derbráthair (accusative singular)
derbráthair (accusative dual)
derbráithrea (accusative plural)
derbráthar (genitive singular)
derbráthar (dual genitive)
derbráthar (genitive plural)
derbráithre (genitive plural)
derbráthair (dative singular)
derbráithrib (dative dual)
derbráithrib (dative plural)
derbráthir (alternative)

Middle Irish: derbráthair

Irish: deartháir

Manx: jarroo-vraar

(rare until Middle Irish) brother (by blood)


bráthair

bráthair m (genitive bráthar, nominative plural bráithir)

bráthar (genitive)
bráithir (nominative plural)
bráthair (nominative singular)
bráthair (dual nominative)
bráithir (nominative plural)
bráthair (singular vocative)
bráthair (dual vocative)
bráithrea (plural vocative)
bráthair (accusative singular)
bráthair (accusative dual)
bráithrea (accusative plural)
bráthar (genitive singular)
bráthar (dual genitive)
bráthar (genitive plural)
bráthre (genitive plural)
bráithre (genitive plural)
bráthair (dative singular)
bráithrib (dative dual)
bráithrib (dative plural)
bráthair
mbráthair

Irish: bráthair

Manx: braar

Scottish Gaelic: bràthair

⇒ Middle Irish: bráithremail

From Proto-Celtic *brātīr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.

Do·beir-som ainm bráthre doib, arná·epret is ara miscuis in cúrsachad, act is ara seircc.

He calls them brothers, lest they should say the reprimand is because of hatred for them, but it is because of love for them.

Ba torad sa⟨í⟩thir dúun in chrud so ce du·melmis cech túari et ce du·gnemmis a ndu·gníat ar céli, act ní bad nertad na mbráithre et frescsiu fochricce as móo.

It would be a fruit of labor for us in this way if we consumed every food and if we did what our fellows do, but it would not be a strengthening of the brothers and a hope of a greater reward.

ɔrabad cech bráthair post alium .i. is huisse ce ru·samaltar fri Críst

so that each brother should be after the other, i.e. it is right that he be compared to Christ


argat

argait (genitive)
argat (nominative singular)
argat (singular vocative)
argat (accusative singular)
argait (genitive singular)
argut (dative singular)
argat
n-argat
arget (alternative)
arggat (alternative)

Irish: airgead

Manx: argid

Scottish Gaelic: airgead

From Proto-Celtic *argantom (“silver”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥ǵn̥tóm (“silver”, literally “that which is shining”), from the root *h₂erǵ- (“to shine”). Cognate with Latin argentum and Old Armenian արծաթ (arcatʻ).


ocus

The adjective, at least, is from Proto-Celtic *adgostus (“near”), with the initial o- arising under the influence of oc (“at”). Cognate to Welsh agos.
Griffith separates the origins of the adjective and the conjunction, proposing that the conjunction is instead indeed a derivative of oc (“at”), more specifically as a contraction of occa as (literally “at it which is”).

imb i céin fa i n-accus beo-sa


cét

cét (nominative singular)
cét (dual nominative)
cét (nominative plural)
céta (nominative plural)
cét (singular vocative)
cét (dual vocative)
cét (plural vocative)
céta (plural vocative)
cét (accusative singular)
cét (accusative dual)
cét (accusative plural)
céta (accusative plural)
céit (genitive singular)
cét (dual genitive)
cét (genitive plural)
cét (dative singular)
cétaib (dative dual)
cétaib (dative plural)
cét
chét
cét

From Proto-Celtic *kantom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.


píast

píast (nominative singular)
péist (dual nominative)
píasta (nominative plural)
píast (singular vocative)
péist (dual vocative)
píasta (plural vocative)
péist (accusative singular)
péist (accusative dual)
píasta (accusative plural)
péiste (genitive singular)
píast (dual genitive)
píast (genitive plural)
péist (dative singular)
píastaib (dative dual)
píastaib (dative plural)
píast
phíast
or unchanged
píast
péist (alternative)

Middle Irish: péist

Irish: péist

Manx: beisht

Scottish Gaelic: bèist


bláth

bláth (nominative singular)
bláth (dual nominative)
bláthae (nominative plural)
bláth (singular vocative)
bláth (dual vocative)
bláthu (plural vocative)
bláth (accusative singular)
bláth (accusative dual)
bláthu (accusative plural)
blátho (genitive singular)
blátha (genitive singular)
blátho (dual genitive)
blátha (dual genitive)
bláthae (genitive plural)
bláth (dative singular)
bláthaib (dative dual)
bláthaib (dative plural)
bláth
mbláth

Irish: bláth

Manx: blaa

Scottish Gaelic: blàth

From Proto-Celtic *blātus, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”).


éscae

éscai (genitive)
éscae (nominative singular)
éscae (singular vocative)
éscae (accusative singular)
éscai (genitive singular)
éscu (dative singular)
éscae
n-éscae
aesca (alternative)
æscae (alternative)
ésca (alternative)
æscæ (alternative)
éisce (alternative)

Irish: éasca

Manx: eayst

Ar is airchenn ṁbes salt hi ciunn nóidécdi mad i ndib ṅ‑uarib deac nammá bas laigu cach mí aescai oldaas trichtaige. Is ed didiu slándliged salto noichtiche co lleuth du árim in ę́scu.

For it is certain that there should be a leap at the end of the nineteen-years-cycle if it is by twelve hours only that every lunar month is less than a space of thirty days. This, then, is the healthy law of the leap, to reckon 29½ days in the lunar month.


srón

head

srón f (genitive sróine, nominative plural sróna)

sróine (genitive)
sróna (nominative plural)
srón (nominative singular)
sróin (dual nominative)
sróna (nominative plural)
srón (singular vocative)
sróin (dual vocative)
sróna (plural vocative)
sróin (accusative singular)
sróin (accusative dual)
sróna (accusative plural)
sróine (genitive singular)
srón (dual genitive)
srón (genitive plural)
sróin (dative singular)
srónaib (dative dual)
srónaib (dative plural)
srón
ṡrón

Irish: srón

Manx: stroin

Scottish Gaelic: sròn

From Proto-Celtic *srognā (compare Welsh ffroen (“nostril”)).


adaig

adaig f (genitive aidche or aithche, nominative plural aidchi or aithgi)

aidche (genitive)
aithche (genitive)
aidchi (nominative plural)
aithgi (nominative plural)
adaig (nominative singular)
adaig (dual nominative)
aidchi (nominative plural)
aithchi (nominative plural)
adaig (singular vocative)
adaig (dual vocative)
aidchi (plural vocative)
aithchi (plural vocative)
aidchi (accusative singular)
aithchi (accusative singular)
adaig (accusative dual)
aidchi (accusative plural)
aithchi (accusative plural)
aidche (genitive singular)
aithche (genitive singular)
aidche (dual genitive)
aithche (dual genitive)
aidche (genitive plural)
aidchi (dative singular)
aithchi (dative singular)
adaig (dative singular)
aidchib (dative dual)
aithchib (dative dual)
aidchib (dative plural)
aithchib (dative plural)
adaig
n-adaig

Middle Irish: adaig, aidche, oidche

Irish: oíche, adhaigh

Manx: oie

Scottish Gaelic: oidhche

From earlier *adekʷī or *adekī, of unknown origin. Similar to Proto-Brythonic *exuɨð (“evening”), whose etymology is equally obscure.
Possibly cognate with Latin āter (“dark”) or Sanskrit अन्ध (andha, “blind”), though these comparisons are also difficult.


lám

lám f (genitive láme or láime or lámae, nominative plural láma)

láme (genitive)
láime (genitive)
lámae (genitive)
láma (nominative plural)
lám (nominative singular)
láim (dual nominative)
láma (nominative plural)
lám (singular vocative)
láim (dual vocative)
láma (plural vocative)
láim (accusative singular)
láim (accusative dual)
láma (accusative plural)
láime (genitive singular)
láme (genitive singular)
lámae (genitive singular)
lám (dual genitive)
lám (genitive plural)
láim (dative singular)
lámaib (dative dual)
lámaib (dative plural)
lám
also llám after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: lámh

Manx: laue

Scottish Gaelic: làmh

→ Old Norse: lámr

Faroese: lámur

Icelandic: lámur

From Proto-Celtic *ɸlāmā (compare Welsh llaw), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂meh₂ (“palm, hand”) (compare Latin palma, Greek παλάμη (palámē)).

inh

precept dosom fri dei et saithar ho lámaib in nocte

to him [there is] teaching by day and labor with hands by night

ind lám glosses manu

doe láme glosses lacertus

(abstract, figurative) prowess, accomplishment, power


lebor

head

lebor m (genitive libuir or libair or liubair, nominative plural libuir or libair or liubair)

libuir (genitive)
libair (genitive)
liubair (genitive)
libuir (nominative plural)
libair (nominative plural)
liubair (nominative plural)
lebor (nominative singular)
lebor (dual nominative)
libair (nominative plural)
libair (singular vocative)
lebor (dual vocative)
lebru (plural vocative)
lebor (accusative singular)
lebor (accusative dual)
lebru (accusative plural)
libair (genitive singular)
lebor (dual genitive)
lebor (genitive plural)
lebor (dative singular)
lebraib (dative dual)
lebraib (dative plural)
lebor
also llebor after a proclitic
ending in a vowel
lebur (alternative)

Irish: leabhar

Manx: lioar

Scottish Gaelic: leabhar

Lebor quasi libor a libro.


grád

grád n (genitive gráda, nominative plural grád)

gráda (genitive)
grád (nominative plural)
grád (nominative singular)
grád (dual nominative)
grád (nominative plural)
gráda (nominative plural)
grád (singular vocative)
grád (dual vocative)
grád (plural vocative)
grád (accusative singular)
grád (accusative dual)
grád (accusative plural)
grádo (genitive singular)
gráda (genitive singular)
grádo (dual genitive)
gráda (dual genitive)
grád (genitive plural)
grád (dative singular)
grádaib (dative dual)
grádaib (dative plural)

Irish: grá

Manx: graih

Scottish Gaelic: gràdh

desctree

⇒ Middle Irish: grádaigidir
Irish: gráigh
Scottish Gaelic: gràdhaich

From Proto-Celtic *gʷrādus, perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to yearn for”) and related to Proto-Germanic *grēduz (“hunger, desire”).


grád

head

grád n (genitive gráid, nominative plural gráid)

gráid (genitive)
gráid (nominative plural)
grád (nominative singular)
grád (dual nominative)
grád (nominative plural)
gráda (nominative plural)
grád (singular vocative)
grád (dual vocative)
grád (plural vocative)
gráda (plural vocative)
grád (accusative singular)
grád (accusative dual)
grád (accusative plural)
gráda (accusative plural)
gráid (genitive singular)
grád (dual genitive)
grád (genitive plural)
grád (dative singular)
grádaib (dative dual)
grádaib (dative plural)
grád
ngrád

Middle Irish: grád

Irish: grádh

desc

⇒ Irish: grád (with d replacing expected dh under English and French influence)

ma chomalnit a ngrád ꝉ apud plebiles ma rud·choiscset a mmuintir

if they fulfill their orders or, among the plebiles, if they have corrected their household

Ní taibre grád for nech causa a pectha ꝉ a chaíngníma: ar biit alaili and ro·finnatar a pecthe resíu do·coí grád forru; alaili is íarum ro·finnatar. Berir dano fri láa brátha

You sg should not confer orders on anyone because of his sin or of his good deed: for there are some whose sins are known before their ordination, others whose [sins] are known afterwards. Reference is made, then, to the day of judgment.


lenab

lenab (nominative singular)
lenab (dual nominative)
lenaib (nominative plural)
lenaib (singular vocative)
lenab (dual vocative)
lenbu (plural vocative)
lenab (accusative singular)
lenab (accusative dual)
lenbu (accusative plural)
lenaib (genitive singular)
lenab (dual genitive)
lenab (genitive plural)
lenab (dative singular)
lenbaib (dative dual)
lenbaib (dative plural)

Irish: leanbh

Manx: lhiannoo

Scottish Gaelic: leanabh


gáeth

gáeth (nominative singular)
gaíth (dual nominative)
gáetha (nominative plural)
gáeth (singular vocative)
gaíth (dual vocative)
gáetha (plural vocative)
gaíth (accusative singular)
gaíth (accusative dual)
gáetha (accusative plural)
gaíthe (genitive singular)
gáeth (dual genitive)
gáeth (genitive plural)
gaíth (dative singular)
gáethaib (dative dual)
gáethaib (dative plural)
gaíth (alternative)

Irish: gaoth

Manx: geay

Scottish Gaelic: gaoth

⇒ Middle Irish: gáethamlacht

desctree

⇒ Middle Irish: gáethmar
Irish: gaofar
Scottish Gaelic: gaothar, gaothmhor


gáeth

head

gáeth m or f (genitive unattested, no plural)

Irish: gaoth

Uncertain. Perhaps attested in Primitive Irish ᚌᚐᚈᚈᚕᚌᚂᚐᚅ (gattea-glan, “(?)having clean water”).


scían

scían (nominative singular)
scín (dual nominative)
scéna (nominative plural)
scían (singular vocative)
scín (dual vocative)
scéna (plural vocative)
scín (accusative singular)
scín (accusative dual)
scéna (accusative plural)
scéine (genitive singular)
scine (genitive singular)
scían (dual genitive)
scén (dual genitive)
scían (genitive plural)
scén (genitive plural)
scín (dative singular)
scénaib (dative dual)
scénaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: scian

Irish: scian

Manx: skynn

Scottish Gaelic: sgian

desctree

→ Middle English: skene, sceyne
English: skean, skene, skeyn

→ Old Welsh: *scien

Middle Welsh: ysgien

Welsh: ysgien

Originally disyllabic scïan. From Proto-Celtic *skiyenā, from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut”). According to some it is borrowed from Latin s(a)cēna (“sacrificial axe”).


ainmm

head

ainmm n (genitive anmae, nominative plural anman)

anmae (genitive)
anman (nominative plural)
ainmm (nominative singular)
ainmm (dual nominative)
anman (nominative plural)
anmann (nominative plural)
anmman (nominative plural)
ainmm (singular vocative)
ainmm (dual vocative)
anman (plural vocative)
anmann (plural vocative)
anmman (plural vocative)
ainmm (accusative singular)
ainmm (accusative dual)
anman (accusative plural)
anmann (accusative plural)
anmman (accusative plural)
anmae (genitive singular)
anman (dual genitive)
anmann (dual genitive)
anmman (dual genitive)
anman (genitive plural)
anmann (genitive plural)
anmman (genitive plural)
anmaim (dative singular)
anmanaib (dative dual)
anmanaib (dative plural)
ainmm
n-ainmm
ainm (alternative)

desctree

Middle Irish: ainm
Irish: ainm
Manx: ennym
Scottish Gaelic: ainm

From Primitive Irish ᚐᚅᚋ (anm), from Proto-Celtic *anman, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”).

Ní epur a n-anman sund.

Air mad panem nammá du·berad-som ⁊ ní taibred meum, ro·bad dund ṡásad dïant ainm panis tantum no·regad; húare immurgu du·n-uic meum, is ar chech ṡásad da·uic-som amal sodin.

For if it were panem only that he put and he did not put meum, it would be only to the food to which is [given] the name panis that it would apply; however, because he has put meum, it is for every food then that he has put that.

Bés as·bera-su as n‑ai⟨n⟩m dosom animus ci at·bela.

Maybe you would say that animus is its name though it may die.

nibí dechor etir diall n-anmann ⁊ pronominum

there is no difference between the declension of nouns and pronouns

ind anme fil ina chomṡuidigud

anmman do·rónta de dobríathraib


slíab

head

slíab n (genitive slébe, nominative plural slébe)

slébe (genitive)
slébe (nominative plural)
slíab (nominative singular)
slíab (dual nominative)
sléibe (nominative plural)
slíab (singular vocative)
slíab (dual vocative)
sléibe (plural vocative)
slíab (accusative singular)
slíab (accusative dual)
sléibe (accusative plural)
sléibe (genitive singular)
sléibe (dual genitive)
sléibe (genitive plural)
sléib (dative singular)
sléibib (dative dual)
sléibib (dative plural)
slíab
ṡlíab
sléb (alternative)

Irish: sliabh

Manx: slieau

Scottish Gaelic: sliabh

[sʲl͈ʲiːa̯β]

Amal du·berad nech hi ceist do Dauid: “Húare is móir sléb fírinne Dǽ, cid ara fodmai-siu, ⟨a⟩ Dauid, didiu a ndu imnedaib ⁊ frithoircnib fodaimi? Air it fírián-⟨s⟩u.” Ícaid-som didiu anísin, a n-as·mbeir iudicia Domini abisus multa .i. ataat mesai Dǽ nephchomtetarrachti amal abis ⁊ amal fudumain. Is ed in sin fod·era in n-erígim, cid ara fodaim int aís fírián inna fochaidi, ⁊ cid ara mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib.

As though someone had put as a question to David: “Because God’s righteousness is as great as a mountain, why then, David, dost thou suffer what of afflictions and injuries thou sufferest? For thou art righteous.” He solves that then when he says “iudicia Domini abyssus multa”, i.e. there are judgments of God incomprehensible like an abyss and like a depth. That is what causes the complaint why the righteous folk endure tribulations, and why sinners are in prosperity.

Amal rund·gab slíab Sión andes ⁊ antúaid du⟨n⟩ chath⟨raig⟩ dïa dítin, sic rund·gabsat ar ṅdá thoíb du dítin ar n-inmedónach-ni.

As Mount Sion is located on the south and the north of the city to protect it, so are our two sides there to protect our insides.


cnocc

cnocc m (genitive cnuicc, nominative plural cnuicc)

cnuicc (genitive)
cnuicc (nominative plural)
cnocc (nominative singular)
cnocc (dual nominative)
cnuicc (nominative plural)
cnuicc (singular vocative)
cnocc (dual vocative)
cnuccu (plural vocative)
cnocc (accusative singular)
cnocc (accusative dual)
cnuccu (accusative plural)
cnuicc (genitive singular)
cnocc (dual genitive)
cnocc (genitive plural)
cnucc (dative singular)
cnoccaib (dative dual)
cnoccaib (dative plural)
cnocc
chnocc
cnocc

Irish: cnoc

Manx: cronk

⇒ Middle Irish: cnocán

Scottish Gaelic: cnoc

→ Welsh: cnwc

cnocc glosses ulcus


mucc

mucc f (genitive muicce, nominative plural mucca)

muicce (genitive)
mucca (nominative plural)
mucc (nominative singular)
muicc (dual nominative)
mucca (nominative plural)
mucc (singular vocative)
muicc (dual vocative)
mucca (plural vocative)
muicc (accusative singular)
muicc (accusative dual)
mucca (accusative plural)
muicce (genitive singular)
mucc (dual genitive)
mucc (genitive plural)
muicc (dative singular)
muccaib (dative dual)
muccaib (dative plural)
mucc
also mmucc after a proclitic
ending in a vowel
muc (alternative)

desctree

Middle Irish: mucc
Irish: muc
Manx: muc
Scottish Gaelic: muc

From Proto-Celtic *mokkus (compare Welsh moch, Cornish mogh, Breton moc’h).

mucc [translating sus]


íasc

head

íasc m (genitive éisc, nominative plural éisc)

éisc (genitive)
éisc (nominative plural)
íasc (nominative singular)
íasc (dual nominative)
éisc (nominative plural)
éisc (singular vocative)
íasc (dual vocative)
íascu (plural vocative)
íasc (accusative singular)
íasc (accusative dual)
íascu (accusative plural)
éisc (genitive singular)
íasc (dual genitive)
íasc (genitive plural)
íasc (dative singular)
íascaib (dative dual)
íascaib (dative plural)
íasc
n-íasc

Irish: iasc

Manx: eeast

Scottish Gaelic: iasg

From Proto-Celtic *ɸeiskos, from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-.


snechtae

snechtae (nominative singular)
snechtae (dual nominative)
snechtai (nominative plural)
snechtai (singular vocative)
snechtae (dual vocative)
snechtu (plural vocative)
snechtae (accusative singular)
snechtae (accusative dual)
snechtu (accusative plural)
snechtai (genitive singular)
snechtae (dual genitive)
snechtae (genitive plural)
snechtu (dative singular)
snechtaib (dative dual)
snechtaib (dative plural)
snechtae
ṡnechtae

Middle Irish: snechta

Irish: sneachta

Manx: sniaghtey

Scottish Gaelic: sneachda

From a suffixed derivative of Proto-Indo-European *snéygʷʰs (“snow”); related to Proto-Celtic *snigʷyeti (“to snow”).


rétglu

rétglu f (genitive rétglann, nominative plural rétglainn)

rétglann (genitive)
rétglainn (nominative plural)
rétglu (nominative singular)
rétglainn (dual nominative)
rétglainn (nominative plural)
rétglu (singular vocative)
rétglainn (dual vocative)
rétglanna (plural vocative)
rétglainn (accusative singular)
rétglainn (accusative dual)
rétglanna (accusative plural)
rétglann (genitive singular)
rétglann (dual genitive)
rétglann (genitive plural)
rétglainn (dative singular)
rétglu (dative singular)
rétglannaib (dative dual)
rétglannaib (dative plural)
rétglu
also rrétglu after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Middle Irish: rétlu

Irish: réalta

Manx: rolt

Scottish Gaelic: reul

The first element is rét (“thing”). The second element is an n-stem derivative of Proto-Celtic *glāwos (“coal”, literally “glowing”), whence also Welsh glo and Breton glaou.


imdae

imdae (genitive)
imdad (genitive)
imdae (nominative singular)
imdai (dual nominative)
imdai (nominative plural)
imdae (singular vocative)
imdai (dual vocative)
imdai (plural vocative)
imdai (accusative singular)
imdai (accusative dual)
imdai (accusative plural)
imdae (genitive singular)
imdae (dual genitive)
imdae (genitive plural)
imdai (dative singular)
imdaib (dative dual)
imdaib (dative plural)
imdae (nominative singular)
imdaid (dual nominative)
imdae (dual nominative)
imdaid (nominative plural)
imdae (singular vocative)
imdaid (dual vocative)
imdae (dual vocative)
imdada (plural vocative)
imdaid (accusative singular)
imdaid (accusative dual)
imdae (accusative dual)
imdada (accusative plural)
imdad (genitive singular)
imdad (dual genitive)
imdad (genitive plural)
imdaid (dative singular)
imdadaib (dative dual)
imdadaib (dative plural)
imdae
n-imdae


peccad

head

peccad m (genitive pectha, nominative plural pecthe)

pectha (genitive)
pecthe (nominative plural)
peccad (nominative singular)
peccath (nominative singular)
pecad (nominative singular)
peccad (dual nominative)
peccath (dual nominative)
pecad (dual nominative)
pecthi (nominative plural)
peccthi (nominative plural)
pectha (nominative plural)
pecthai (nominative plural)
pecdæ (nominative plural)
pecthe (nominative plural)
pecthae (nominative plural)
peccad (singular vocative)
peccath (singular vocative)
pecad (singular vocative)
peccad (dual vocative)
peccath (dual vocative)
pecad (dual vocative)
pecthu (plural vocative)
peccad (accusative singular)
peccath (accusative singular)
pecad (accusative singular)
peccad (accusative dual)
peccath (accusative dual)
pecad (accusative dual)
pecthu (accusative plural)
pectho (genitive singular)
pecctho (genitive singular)
pectha (genitive singular)
pecctha (genitive singular)
pectho (dual genitive)
pecctho (dual genitive)
pectha (dual genitive)
pecctha (dual genitive)
pecthe (genitive plural)
pecthae (genitive plural)
peccad (dative singular)
peccath (dative singular)
pecad (dative singular)
pecthib (dative dual)
pecthaib (dative dual)
pecthib (dative plural)
pecthaib (dative plural)
peccad
pheccad
or unchanged
peccad
pecad (alternative)
peccath (alternative)

Middle Irish: peccad (o-stem)

Irish: peaca

Manx: peccah

Scottish Gaelic: peacadh

Borrowed from Latin peccātum. The inflection as a masculine u-stem is due to analogy with the verbal noun suffix -ad.


óc

óc (nominative singular)
óc (dual nominative)
óic (nominative plural)
óic (singular vocative)
óc (dual vocative)
ócu (plural vocative)
óc (accusative singular)
óc (accusative dual)
ócu (accusative plural)
óic (genitive singular)
óc (dual genitive)
óc (genitive plural)
óc (dative singular)
ócaib (dative dual)
ócaib (dative plural)
óc
n-óc
oäc (alternative)
oëc (alternative)

From hiatus form oäc, from early oëc, from Proto-Celtic *yuwankos (compare Welsh ieuanc and Breton yaouank), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yuh₁n̥ḱós (compare English young).


crocenn

crocainn (genitive)
crocenn (nominative singular)
crocenn (dual nominative)
crocenn (nominative plural)
croicnea (nominative plural)
crocenn (singular vocative)
crocenn (dual vocative)
crocenn (plural vocative)
croicnea (plural vocative)
crocenn (accusative singular)
crocenn (accusative dual)
crocenn (accusative plural)
croicnea (accusative plural)
crocainn (genitive singular)
crocenn (dual genitive)
crocenn (genitive plural)
crocunn (dative singular)
croicnib (dative dual)
croicnib (dative plural)
crocenn
chrocenn
crocenn

Middle Irish: croicenn

Irish: craiceann

Manx: crackan

Scottish Gaelic: craiceann

From Proto-Celtic *krokkenom (“skin”), probably loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate language. However, compare Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz (“ridge, back, spine”) and German Krug.
Cognate with Breton kroc'hen, Cornish kroghen; Welsh croen (< *kroknom).


fíacail

head

fíacail m or f (genitive fíacla or fíaclu, nominative plural fíaclai)

fíacla (genitive)
fíaclu (genitive)
fíaclai (nominative plural)
fíacail (nominative singular)
fíacail (dual nominative)
fíaclai (nominative plural)
fíacail (singular vocative)
fíacail (dual vocative)
fíaclai (plural vocative)
fíacail (accusative singular)
fíacail (accusative dual)
fíaclai (accusative plural)
fíaclo (genitive singular)
fíacla (genitive singular)
fíaclo (dual genitive)
fíacla (dual genitive)
fíaclae (genitive plural)
fíacail (dative singular)
fíaclaib (dative dual)
fíaclaib (dative plural)
fíacail
ḟíacail
fíacail

Irish: fiacail

Manx: feeackle

Scottish Gaelic: fiacaill

[ˈɸʲiːa̯kɨlʲ]

Unknown. Michael Weiss has expressed a complete lack of faith that any satisfactory etymology can be found: "No etymology worth its salt."
Discredited etymologies
* An ancient etymology derives it from Latin fīgō (“to fix”), the idea being that a tooth is a "mouth fixture"; this explanation is impossible on phonological grounds and extremely unlikely on semantic ones.
* MacBain suggests a connection with Middle Irish fec (“spade, tooth, tusk”), assuming that the latter is actually *féc; the two would then both be from Proto-Celtic *weikkā of unknown origin. This etymology is also phonetically impossible because Proto-Celtic *ei should have changed to ía before an unpalatalized consonant, so Middle Irish fec cannot have been **féc in the first place.

húa détnaig a fíaclae fri alailiu

by the gnashing of their teeth against each other


tengae

tengae f (genitive tengad, nominative plural tengaid)

tengad (genitive)
tengaid (nominative plural)
tengae (nominative singular)
tengaid (dual nominative)
tengae (dual nominative)
tengaid (nominative plural)
tengae (singular vocative)
tengaid (dual vocative)
tengae (dual vocative)
tengtha (plural vocative)
tengaid (accusative singular)
tengaid (accusative dual)
tengae (accusative dual)
tengtha (accusative plural)
tengad (genitive singular)
tengad (dual genitive)
tengad (genitive plural)
tengaid (dative singular)
teng (dative singular)
tenga (dative singular)
tengthaib (dative dual)
tengthaib (dative plural)
tengae
thengae
tengae

Irish: teanga

Manx: çhengey

Scottish Gaelic: teanga

From Proto-Celtic *tangʷāss (compare Welsh tafod), from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s (“tongue, speech, language”).

inh

in bélrai .i. is and atá gním tengad isind huiliu labramar-ni

of speech, i.e. the action of the tongue is in all that we say


sacart

sacart (nominative singular)
sacart (dual nominative)
sacairt (nominative plural)
sacairt (singular vocative)
sacart (dual vocative)
sacartu (plural vocative)
sacart (accusative singular)
sacart (accusative dual)
sacartu (accusative plural)
sacairt (genitive singular)
sacart (dual genitive)
sacart (genitive plural)
sacurt (dative singular)
sacartaib (dative dual)
sacartaib (dative plural)
sacart
ṡacart

Irish: sagart

Manx: saggyrt

Scottish Gaelic: sagart

⇒ Middle Irish: sacartacht


druimm

head

druimm n (genitive drommo, nominative plural drummai)

drommo (genitive)
drummai (nominative plural)
druimm (nominative singular)
druimm (dual nominative)
drummae (nominative plural)
druimm (singular vocative)
druimm (dual vocative)
drummae (plural vocative)
druimm (accusative singular)
druimm (accusative dual)
drummae (accusative plural)
drommo (genitive singular)
dromma (genitive singular)
drommo (dual genitive)
dromma (dual genitive)
drummae (genitive plural)
druimm (dative singular)
drummaib (dative dual)
drummaib (dative plural)
druimm
ndruimm

Irish: droim

Manx: dreeym

Scottish Gaelic: druim

From Proto-Celtic *drosman, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *térmn̥ (“end, boundary”), the source of English tram, Proto-Germanic *þrumą (“butt, block”). Or, possibly related to Latin dorsum (“back, ridge”).


fairrge

head

fairrge f (genitive fairrge, nominative plural fairrgi)

fairrge (genitive)
fairrgi (nominative plural)
fairrge (nominative singular)
fairrgi (dual nominative)
fairrgi (nominative plural)
fairrge (singular vocative)
fairrgi (dual vocative)
fairrgi (plural vocative)
fairrgi (accusative singular)
fairrgi (accusative dual)
fairrgi (accusative plural)
fairrge (genitive singular)
fairrge (dual genitive)
fairrge (genitive plural)
fairrgi (dative singular)
fairrgib (dative dual)
fairrgib (dative plural)
fairrge
ḟairrge
fairrge
fairge (alternative)
foirrgae (alternative)
fairggae (alternative)

Irish: farraige

Manx: faarkey

Scottish Gaelic: fairge

Possibly from the root of fairsiung (“ample, broad”).


macc

macc m (genitive maicc or meicc, nominative plural maicc or meicc)

maicc (genitive)
meicc (genitive)
maicc (nominative plural)
meicc (nominative plural)
macc (nominative singular)
mac (nominative singular)
macc (dual nominative)
mac (dual nominative)
maic (nominative plural)
maicc (nominative plural)
meic (nominative plural)
meicc (nominative plural)
maic (singular vocative)
maicc (singular vocative)
meic (singular vocative)
meicc (singular vocative)
macc (dual vocative)
mac (dual vocative)
maccu (plural vocative)
macc (accusative singular)
mac (accusative singular)
macc (accusative dual)
mac (accusative dual)
maccu (accusative plural)
maic (genitive singular)
maicc (genitive singular)
meic (genitive singular)
meicc (genitive singular)
macc (dual genitive)
mac (dual genitive)
macc (genitive plural)
mac (genitive plural)
macc (dative singular)
mac (dative singular)
maccaib (dative dual)
maccaib (dative plural)
macc
also mmacc after a proclitic
ending in a vowel
mac (alternative)

desctree

Middle Irish: mac
Irish: mac
Manx: mac
Scottish Gaelic: mac

From Primitive Irish ᚋᚐᚊᚊᚔ (maqqi, genitive), from Proto-Celtic *makkʷos, a variant of *makʷos (“son”) (compare Welsh mab, Gaulish mapos, Maponos), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ḱ- (“to raise, increase”) (compare Ancient Greek μακρός (makrós, “long”), Latin macer (“thin”).

inh

Hóre ammi maicc laí et soilse, ná seichem nahísiu.

Since we are children of day and light, let us not follow these things.

Fomnid-si, a phopul núíednissi, ar ce dud·rónath ní di maith fri maccu Israhél…

Take heed, O people of the New Testament, for although some good has been done to the children of Israel…

Ní derlaicht⟨h⟩a a pecdæ doïb acht du·ratad dígal forru. Cenotad maic-si raith dano, má im·roimsid ní dílgibther dúib.

Their sins have not been forgiven them, but punishment has been inflicted upon them. Though you pl, then, are children of grace, if you sin, you will not be forgiven.

in tan as·mbeir, “Taít, á maccu”


imb

imme (genitive)
imb (nominative singular)
imb (singular vocative)
imb (accusative singular)
imme (genitive singular)
immim (dative singular)
imm (alternative)

Irish: im

Manx: eeym

Scottish Gaelic: ìm

From Proto-Celtic *amban (compare Welsh ymenyn), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃engʷen- (compare Latin unguen (“grease”), Old High German ancho (“butter”)), from *h₃engʷ- (“anoint”).


grían

grían (nominative singular)
gréin (dual nominative)
gríana (nominative plural)
grían (singular vocative)
gréin (dual vocative)
gríana (plural vocative)
gréin (accusative singular)
gréin (accusative dual)
gríana (accusative plural)
gréine (genitive singular)
grían (dual genitive)
grían (genitive plural)
gréin (dative singular)
gríanaib (dative dual)
gríanaib (dative plural)
grían
ngrían

Irish: grian

Manx: grian

Scottish Gaelic: grian

From Proto-Celtic *greinā. Further etymology uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to be warm, hot”).
Matasović reconstructs Proto-Celtic *gʷrensnā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrenso- (“warm”) (whence Sanskrit घ्रंस (ghraṃsa, “heat of the sun”) and Proto-Celtic *gʷrensos, whence Middle Welsh gwres (“heat (of the sun, fire)”), compare also Proto-Celtic *gʷrīns, whence derived *gʷrīnsā > Old Irish grís (“heat (of the sun), fire, embers”).


cóiced

cóicid (genitive)
cóiced (nominative singular)
cóiced (dual nominative)
cóiced (nominative plural)
cóiceda (nominative plural)
cóiced (singular vocative)
cóiced (dual vocative)
cóiced (plural vocative)
cóiceda (plural vocative)
cóiced (accusative singular)
cóiced (accusative dual)
cóiced (accusative plural)
cóiceda (accusative plural)
cóicid (genitive singular)
cóiced (dual genitive)
cóiced (genitive plural)
cóiciud (dative singular)
cóicedaib (dative dual)
cóicedaib (dative plural)
cóiced
chóiced
cóiced

Irish: cúige

Manx: queiggey

Scottish Gaelic: còigeamh


bás

bás (nominative singular)
bás (dual nominative)
bás (nominative plural)
bása (nominative plural)
bás (singular vocative)
bás (dual vocative)
bás (plural vocative)
bása (plural vocative)
bás (accusative singular)
bás (accusative dual)
bás (accusative plural)
bása (accusative plural)
báis (genitive singular)
bás (dual genitive)
bás (genitive plural)
bás (dative singular)
básaib (dative dual)
básaib (dative plural)
bás
mbás

desctree

Middle Irish: bás
Irish: bás
Manx: baase
Scottish Gaelic: bàs

From Proto-Celtic *bāstom, bāssom, from either Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂- (“to go”) or *(s)gʷes- (“to extinguish”).

Ná eiplet húan bás coitchen húa n‑epil cách, acht foircniter húa sain-bás sech cách.

Let them not die by the common death by which everyone dies, but let them be ended by a special death different from everyone.


scíath

scíath (nominative singular)
scíath (dual nominative)
scéith (nominative plural)
scéith (singular vocative)
scíath (dual vocative)
scíathu (plural vocative)
scíath (accusative singular)
scíath (accusative dual)
scíathu (accusative plural)
scéith (genitive singular)
scíath (dual genitive)
scíath (genitive plural)
scíath (dative singular)
scíathaib (dative dual)
scíathaib (dative plural)

Irish: sciath

Scottish Gaelic: sgiath

From Proto-Celtic *skeitos (compare Breton skoed (“shield”)), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, separate”). Compare Latin scūtum, Old Church Slavonic щитъ (štitŭ).


scíath

Irish: sciath

Scottish Gaelic: sgiath

The final th (/θ/) was modified from d (/ð/) sometime in the prehistory of Old Irish under the influence of scíath (“shield”) above. From Proto-Celtic *skeidā (“wing, shoulder”). Cognate with Welsh ysgwydd (“shoulder”), Breton skoaz (“shoulder”), and Cornish skoodh (“shoulder”)


bannae

bannae (nominative singular)
bannae (dual nominative)
bannai (nominative plural)
bannai (singular vocative)
bannae (dual vocative)
bannu (plural vocative)
bannae (accusative singular)
bannae (accusative dual)
bannu (accusative plural)
bannai (genitive singular)
bannae (dual genitive)
bannae (genitive plural)
bannu (dative singular)
bannaib (dative dual)
bannaib (dative plural)
bannae (nominative singular)
bannae (dual nominative)
bannae (nominative plural)
bannae (singular vocative)
bannae (dual vocative)
bannae (plural vocative)
bannae (accusative singular)
bannae (accusative dual)
bannae (accusative plural)
bannai (genitive singular)
bannae (dual genitive)
bannae (genitive plural)
bannu (dative singular)
bannaib (dative dual)
bannaib (dative plural)
bannae
mbannae
bainne (alternative)

Middle Irish: bainne

Irish: bainne

Manx: bainney

Scottish Gaelic: bainne

From Proto-Celtic *bandyo- (“drop”), loaned from a source akin to Proto-Slavic *baňa (“bath”), Latin balneum (“bath”), all from Ancient Greek βαλανεῖον (balaneîon, “bath”). Also compared is Proto-Indo-Aryan *bindúṣ (“drop, particle, globule”), but Matasovic rejects this.
Brittonic cognates include Middle Cornish and Breton banne (“drop”).


bolg

head

bolg m (genitive builg, nominative plural builg)

builg (genitive)
builg (nominative plural)
bolg (nominative singular)
bolg (dual nominative)
builg (nominative plural)
builg (singular vocative)
bolg (dual vocative)
bolgu (plural vocative)
bolg (accusative singular)
bolg (accusative dual)
bolgu (accusative plural)
builg (genitive singular)
bolg (dual genitive)
bolg (genitive plural)
bolg (dative singular)
bolgaib (dative dual)
bolgaib (dative plural)
bolc (alternative)

desctree

Irish: bolg
→⇒ Yola: wurgheere (< bhoilg)

Manx: bolg

⇒ Scottish Gaelic: bolgan

⇒ Middle Irish: saigetbolc

From Proto-Celtic *bolgos (“belly”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”).


bolg

head

bolg f (genitive unattested, nominative plural bolga)

bolga (nominative plural)
bolg (nominative singular)
builg (dual nominative)
bolga (nominative plural)
bolg (singular vocative)
builg (dual vocative)
bolga (plural vocative)
builg (accusative singular)
builg (accusative dual)
bolga (accusative plural)
builge (genitive singular)
bolg (dual genitive)
bolg (genitive plural)
builg (dative singular)
bolgaib (dative dual)
bolgaib (dative plural)
bolg
mbolg
bolc (alternative)


blíadain

blíadain f (genitive blíadnae, nominative plural blíadnai)

blíadnae (genitive)
blíadnai (nominative plural)
blíadain (nominative singular)
blíadain (dual nominative)
blíadnai (nominative plural)
blíadain (singular vocative)
blíadain (dual vocative)
blíadnai (plural vocative)
blíadnai (accusative singular)
blíadain (accusative dual)
blíadnai (accusative plural)
blíadnae (genitive singular)
blíadnae (dual genitive)
blíadnae (genitive plural)
blíadnai (dative singular)
blíadain (dative singular)
blíadnaib (dative dual)
blíadnaib (dative plural)
blíadain
mblíadain

Irish: bliain

Manx: blein

Scottish Gaelic: bliadhna

[ˈbʲlʲiːa̯ðɨnʲ]

From Proto-Celtic *bleidanī (“year”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyd- (“pale”), though the semantic connection is weak. See also Lithuanian blai̇̃vas (“whitish, blue, sober”), Proto-West Germanic *blait, Albanian blehurë.
Celtic cognates include Cornish blydhen, Breton blizen, Welsh blwyddyn.


sóer

head

sóer m (genitive soír, nominative plural soír)

soír (genitive)
soír (nominative plural)
sóer (nominative singular)
sóer (dual nominative)
soír (nominative plural)
soír (singular vocative)
sóer (dual vocative)
sóeru (plural vocative)
sóer (accusative singular)
sóer (accusative dual)
sóeru (accusative plural)
soír (genitive singular)
sóer (dual genitive)
sóer (genitive plural)
sóer (dative singular)
sóeraib (dative dual)
sóeraib (dative plural)
sóer
ṡóer
sáer (alternative)

From Proto-Celtic *suwiros, from *su- (“good”) + *wiros (“man”). Compare Sanskrit सुवीर (suvī́ra-, “heroic”).


tosach

tosach n (genitive tosaig, nominative plural tosge)

tosaig (genitive)
tosge (nominative plural)
tosach (nominative singular)
tosach (dual nominative)
tosach (nominative plural)
tosge (nominative plural)
tosach (singular vocative)
tosach (dual vocative)
tosach (plural vocative)
tosge (plural vocative)
tosach (accusative singular)
tosach (accusative dual)
tosach (accusative plural)
tosge (accusative plural)
tosaig (genitive singular)
tosach (dual genitive)
tosach (genitive plural)
tosuch (dative singular)
toschib (dative dual)
toschib (dative plural)
tosach
thosach
tosach
tossach (alternative)

Irish: tosach

Manx: toshiaght

Scottish Gaelic: toiseach

From Proto-Celtic *towissākos, from either Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“lead”) or *weyd- (“know, see”).


tét

tét (nominative singular)
tét (dual nominative)
tétae (nominative plural)
tét (singular vocative)
tét (dual vocative)
tétu (plural vocative)
tét (accusative singular)
tét (accusative dual)
tétu (accusative plural)
této (genitive singular)
téta (genitive singular)
této (dual genitive)
téta (dual genitive)
tétae (genitive plural)
tét (dative singular)
tétaib (dative dual)
tétaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: tét f

Irish: téad

Manx: tead

Scottish Gaelic: teud

From Proto-Celtic *tantus, from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch”). Cognate with Welsh tant.


étan

étan (nominative singular)
étan (dual nominative)
étain (nominative plural)
étain (singular vocative)
étan (dual vocative)
étanu (plural vocative)
étan (accusative singular)
étan (accusative dual)
étanu (accusative plural)
étain (genitive singular)
étan (dual genitive)
étan (genitive plural)
étan (dative singular)
étanaib (dative dual)
étanaib (dative plural)
étan
n-étan

Irish: éadan

Manx: eddin

Scottish Gaelic: aodann

From Proto-Celtic *antonos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“forehead”). Related to Latin antiae (“forelocks”). Compare Proto-Germanic *andijaz (“end”) and *umbi (“around”).


glenn

head

glenn n (genitive glinne, nominative plural glinne)

glinne (genitive)
glinne (nominative plural)
glenn (nominative singular)
glenn (dual nominative)
glinne (nominative plural)
glenn (singular vocative)
glenn (dual vocative)
glinne (plural vocative)
glenn (accusative singular)
glenn (accusative dual)
glinne (accusative plural)
glinne (genitive singular)
glinne (dual genitive)
glinne (genitive plural)
glinn (dative singular)
glinnib (dative dual)
glinnib (dative plural)

Irish: gleann

Manx: glion

Scottish Gaelic: gleann

From Proto-Celtic *glendos (compare Welsh glyn).


tús

tús (nominative singular)
tús (dual nominative)
túsae (nominative plural)
tús (singular vocative)
tús (dual vocative)
túsu (plural vocative)
tús (accusative singular)
tús (accusative dual)
túsu (accusative plural)
túso (genitive singular)
túsa (genitive singular)
túso (dual genitive)
túsa (dual genitive)
túsae (genitive plural)
tús (dative singular)
túsaib (dative dual)
túsaib (dative plural)
tús
thús
tús
tuus (alternative)

Irish: tús

Scottish Gaelic: tùs

From Proto-Celtic *towissus, from either Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“lead”) or *weyd- (“know, see”).


neim

neim n or f (genitive neime, nominative plural neimi)

neime (genitive)
neimi (nominative plural)
neim (nominative singular)
neim (dual nominative)
neimi (nominative plural)
neim (singular vocative)
neim (dual vocative)
neimi (plural vocative)
neim (accusative singular)
neim (accusative dual)
neimi (accusative plural)
neime (genitive singular)
neime (dual genitive)
neime (genitive plural)
neimim (dative singular)
neimib (dative dual)
neimib (dative plural)

Irish: nimh

Manx: nieu

Scottish Gaelic: nimh

From Proto-Celtic *neman, degeminated from Proto-Indo-European *nem-mn̥, from *nem- (“to distribute, give”) + *-mn̥ (verbal noun suffix). For the semantic relationship, compare German Gift (“poison, toxin”).


béo

béo (nominative singular)
béo (dual nominative)
bí (nominative plural)
bíi (nominative plural)
bí (singular vocative)
bíi (singular vocative)
béo (dual vocative)
béo (plural vocative)
béo (accusative singular)
béo (accusative dual)
béo (accusative plural)
bí (genitive singular)
bíi (genitive singular)
béo (dual genitive)
béo (genitive plural)
béo (dative singular)
béoaib (dative dual)
béoaib (dative plural)
beo (alternative)
beu (alternative)
béu (alternative)

From Proto-Celtic *biwos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”), from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”). Compare Welsh byw.


flechud

flechuid (genitive)
flechud (nominative singular)
flechud (dual nominative)
flechuid (nominative plural)
flechuid (singular vocative)
flechud (dual vocative)
flechdu (plural vocative)
flechud (accusative singular)
flechud (accusative dual)
flechdu (accusative plural)
flechuid (genitive singular)
flechud (dual genitive)
flechud (genitive plural)
flechud (dative singular)
flechdaib (dative dual)
flechdaib (dative plural)
fleuchud (alternative)
fleochud (alternative)
fleochad (alternative)

Middle Irish: fleochad

Manx: fliaghey


folt

folt m (genitive fuilt, nominative plural fuilt)

fuilt (genitive)
fuilt (nominative plural)
folt (nominative singular)
folt (dual nominative)
fuilt (nominative plural)
fuilt (singular vocative)
folt (dual vocative)
fultu (plural vocative)
folt (accusative singular)
folt (accusative dual)
fultu (accusative plural)
fuilt (genitive singular)
folt (dual genitive)
folt (genitive plural)
folt (dative singular)
foltaib (dative dual)
foltaib (dative plural)
folt
ḟolt
folt

Irish: folt

Manx: folt

Scottish Gaelic: falt

From Proto-Celtic *woltos (compare Cornish gols, Old Breton guolt, Welsh gwallt), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₂- (compare English wold, Lithuanian váltis (“oat awn”), Serbo-Croatian vlȃt (“ear (of wheat)”), Ancient Greek λάσιος (lásios, “hairy”)).


frém

frém f (genitive fréime, nominative plural fréma)

fréime (genitive)
fréma (nominative plural)
frém (nominative singular)
fréim (dual nominative)
fréma (nominative plural)
frém (singular vocative)
fréim (dual vocative)
fréma (plural vocative)
fréim (accusative singular)
fréim (accusative dual)
fréma (accusative plural)
fréime (genitive singular)
frém (dual genitive)
frém (genitive plural)
fréim (dative singular)
frémaib (dative dual)
frémaib (dative plural)
frém
ḟrém
frém

Middle Irish: frém, prém

Irish: fréamh, préamh

Manx: fraue

Scottish Gaelic: freumh

From Proto-Celtic *wridmā (compare Welsh greddf), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥h₂d-. Cognate with synonymous frén, from the same root with a different suffix.


cúan

cúan (nominative singular)
cúain (dual nominative)
cúana (nominative plural)
cúan (singular vocative)
cúain (dual vocative)
cúana (plural vocative)
cúain (accusative singular)
cúain (accusative dual)
cúana (accusative plural)
cúaine (genitive singular)
cúan (dual genitive)
cúan (genitive plural)
cúain (dative singular)
cúanaib (dative dual)
cúanaib (dative plural)
cúan
chúan
cúan

Middle Irish: cúan

From Proto-Celtic *kounā, related to cú (“dog”).
Attempts to relate to Proto-Slavic *kupъ (“heap”), Lithuanian kaupas (“heap”), and Proto-Germanic *haupaz have been made, but the semantics are difficult to reconcile.


cích

cích n (genitive cíche, nominative plural cíche)

cíche (genitive)
cíche (nominative plural)
cích (nominative singular)
cích (dual nominative)
cíche (nominative plural)
cích (singular vocative)
cích (dual vocative)
cíche (plural vocative)
cích (accusative singular)
cích (accusative dual)
cíche (accusative plural)
cíche (genitive singular)
cíche (dual genitive)
cíche (genitive plural)
cích (dative singular)
cíchib (dative dual)
cíchib (dative plural)
cích
chích
cích

desctree

Middle Irish: cích f
Irish: cíoch
Manx: keeagh
Scottish Gaelic: cìoch

From Primitive Irish ᚉᚉᚔᚉᚐ (ccica-), from Proto-Celtic *kīkos (compare Welsh cig (“meat”)).