taid

second-person plural progressive present indicative prototonic of at·tá


ainim

ainim (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ainim (mutation)


sruth

head

sruth n or m (genitive srotho, nominative plural srotha)

srotho (genitive)
srotha (nominative plural)
sruth (nominative singular)
sruth (dual nominative)
srothae (nominative plural)
sruth (singular vocative)
sruth (dual vocative)
srothu (plural vocative)
sruth (accusative singular)
sruth (accusative dual)
srothu (accusative plural)
srotho (genitive singular)
srotha (genitive singular)
srotho (dual genitive)
srotha (dual genitive)
srothae (genitive plural)
sruth (dative singular)
srothaib (dative dual)
srothaib (dative plural)

Irish: sruth

Manx: stroo

Scottish Gaelic: sruth

From Proto-Celtic *srutom, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“flow, stream”). Cognate with Welsh ffrwd and maybe the Gaulish hydronym Phroudis.


acher

acher (mutation mutation-radical)
n-acher (mutation)


notaire

head

notaire m (genitive notairi, nominative plural notairi)

notairi (genitive)
notairi (nominative plural)
notaire (nominative singular)
notaire (dual nominative)
notairi (nominative plural)
notairi (singular vocative)
notaire (dual vocative)
notairiu (plural vocative)
notaire (accusative singular)
notaire (accusative dual)
notairiu (accusative plural)
notairi (genitive singular)
notaire (dual genitive)
notaire (genitive plural)
notairiu (dative singular)
notairib (dative dual)
notairib (dative plural)
notaire (mutation mutation-radical)
also nnotaire after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
notaire (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: nodaire

Borrowed from Latin notārius (“note-taker”).

Combad notire rod·scríbad cosse.

It would have been a secretary who had written it until now.


é-

Irish: éa-

From Proto-Celtic *an-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.

é- + trom (“heavy”) → étrum (“light”, literally “unheavy”)

é- + cubus (“conscience”) → écubus (“bad faith”, literally “non-conscience”)

é- + cosmail (“like, similar”) → écsamail (“dissimilar, different”)


ar-

From Proto-Celtic *ɸare-. Prefix form of ar (“in front of”).


lerg

lerg (nominative singular)
leirg (dual nominative)
lerga (nominative plural)
lerg (singular vocative)
leirg (dual vocative)
lerga (plural vocative)
leirg (accusative singular)
leirg (accusative dual)
lerga (accusative plural)
leirge (genitive singular)
lerg (dual genitive)
lerg (genitive plural)
leirg (dative singular)
lergaib (dative dual)
lergaib (dative plural)

Irish: learg

Cognate with Old Armenian ողորկ (ołork, “smooth”) and լերկ (lerk, “hairless”).


lés

lés (nominative singular)
lés (dual nominative)
lésae (nominative plural)
lés (singular vocative)
lés (dual vocative)
lésu (plural vocative)
lés (accusative singular)
lés (accusative dual)
lésu (accusative plural)
léso (genitive singular)
lésa (genitive singular)
léso (dual genitive)
lésa (dual genitive)
lésae (genitive plural)
lés (dative singular)
lésaib (dative dual)
lésaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: lés, lóess

Irish: léas, leos

From Proto-Celtic *ɸlenstus; compare Latin splendeō, Tocharian A plāntā- (“rejoice”). Alternatively, borrowed from Old Norse ljós.


lés

lés (nominative singular)
lés (dual nominative)
lésae (nominative plural)
lés (singular vocative)
lés (dual vocative)
lésu (plural vocative)
lés (accusative singular)
lés (accusative dual)
lésu (accusative plural)
léso (genitive singular)
lésa (genitive singular)
léso (dual genitive)
lésa (dual genitive)
lésae (genitive plural)
lés (dative singular)
lésaib (dative dual)
lésaib (dative plural)
lés (mutation mutation-radical)
also llés after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
lés (mutation mutation-nasal)


tabur

·tabur (canonical)
·tabur (mutation mutation-radical)
·thabur (mutation mutation-nasal)
·tabur (mutation)

first-person singular present indicative prototonic of do·beir


Ádam

Irish: Ádhamh

Scottish Gaelic: Àdhamh

Ádam (mutation mutation-radical)
nÁdam (mutation)

From Latin Adam, from Ancient Greek Ἀδάμ (Adám), from Biblical Hebrew אָדָם (ʾāḏām, “man”).


berid

berid (mutation mutation-radical)
berid (mutation mutation-nasal)
mberid (mutation)


déni

·déni (canonical)
·déni (mutation mutation-radical)
·déni (mutation mutation-nasal)
·ndéni (mutation)

second/third-person singular present prototonic of do·gní


beirid

beirid (conjunct ·beir, verbal noun breth)

·beir (conjunct)
breth (noun-from-verb)
biru (absolute first-person indicative present singular)
biri (absolute indicative present second-person singular)
beirid (absolute indicative present singular third-person)
bermai (absolute first-person indicative plural present)
beirthe (absolute indicative plural present second-person)
berait (absolute indicative plural present third-person)
berir (absolute indicative passive present singular)
berair (absolute indicative passive present singular)
bertair (absolute indicative passive plural present)
·biur (conjunct first-person indicative present singular)
·bir (conjunct indicative present second-person singular)
·beir (conjunct indicative present singular third-person)
not·beir (conjunct indicative present singular third-person)
·beram (conjunct first-person indicative plural present)
·beirid (conjunct indicative plural present second-person)
·berat (conjunct indicative plural present third-person)
·berar (conjunct indicative passive present singular)
·bertar (conjunct indicative passive plural present)
beres (indicative present relative singular third-person)
beires (indicative present relative singular third-person)
berte (indicative plural present relative third-person)
bertae (indicative plural present relative third-person)
berar (indicative passive present relative singular)
bertar (indicative passive plural present relative)
·berinn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
·beirinn (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
·beired (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
·beirmis (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
·beirtis (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
·beirthe (imperfect indicative passive singular)
·beirtis (imperfect indicative passive plural)
birt (absolute preterite singular third-person)
brethae (absolute passive preterite singular)
·biurt (conjunct first-person preterite singular)
·birt (conjunct preterite second-person singular)
·bert (conjunct preterite singular third-person)
·bertatar (conjunct plural preterite third-person)
·breth (conjunct passive preterite singular)
·bretha (conjunct passive plural preterite)
bert (preterite relative singular third-person)
bertatar (plural preterite relative third-person)
bérae (absolute future perfect second-person singular)
béraid (absolute future perfect singular third-person)
bérait (absolute future perfect plural third-person)
bérthair (absolute future passive perfect singular)
·bér (conjunct first-person future perfect singular)
·bérae (conjunct future perfect second-person singular)
·béra (conjunct future perfect singular third-person)
·béram (conjunct first-person future perfect plural)
·bérat (conjunct future perfect plural third-person)
·bérthar (conjunct future passive perfect singular)
·bértar (conjunct future passive perfect plural)
béras (future perfect relative singular third-person)
bértae (future perfect plural relative third-person)
bérthar (future passive perfect relative singular)
·bérainn (conditional first-person perfect singular)
·bértha (conditional perfect second-person singular)
·bérad (conditional perfect singular third-person)
·bérmais (conditional first-person perfect plural)
·bérthae (conditional perfect plural second-person)
·bértais (conditional perfect plural third-person)
·bérthae (conditional passive perfect singular)
beraid (absolute perfect present singular subjunctive third-person)
berthair (absolute passive perfect present singular subjunctive)
·ber (conjunct first-person perfect present singular subjunctive)
·berae (conjunct perfect present second-person singular subjunctive)
·bera (conjunct perfect present singular subjunctive third-person)
·beram (conjunct first-person perfect plural present subjunctive)
·beraid (conjunct perfect plural present second-person subjunctive)
·berat (conjunct perfect plural present subjunctive third-person)
·berthar (conjunct passive perfect present singular subjunctive)
·bertar (conjunct passive perfect plural present subjunctive)
berte (perfect plural present relative subjunctive third-person)
bertae (perfect plural present relative subjunctive third-person)
·berinn (first-person past perfect singular subjunctive)
·berainn (first-person past perfect singular subjunctive)
·bertha (past perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
·berad (past perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
·bermais (first-person past perfect plural subjunctive)
·berthae (past perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
·bertais (past perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
·berthae (passive past perfect singular subjunctive)
·bertais (passive past perfect plural subjunctive)
beir (imperative perfect second-person singular)
beired (imperative perfect singular third-person)
beram (first-person imperative perfect plural)
beirid (imperative perfect plural second-person)
berar (imperative passive perfect singular)
breth (first-person noun-from-verb perfect singular)
ro·ucca (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
ro·ucthar (deuterotonic indicative passive present singular)
·rucaim (first-person indicative present prototonic singular)
·ruca (indicative present prototonic singular third-person)
·rucca (indicative present prototonic singular third-person)
·rucat (indicative plural present prototonic third-person)
·ructhar (indicative passive present prototonic singular)
·rucad (imperfect indicative prototonic singular third-person)
·ructais (imperfect indicative plural prototonic third-person)
ro·uccus (deuterotonic first-person perfect preterite singular)
ro·ucais (deuterotonic perfect preterite second-person singular)
ro·ucc (deuterotonic perfect preterite singular third-person)
ro·uic (deuterotonic perfect preterite singular third-person)
ro·ucsaid (deuterotonic perfect plural preterite second-person)
ro·ucsat (deuterotonic perfect plural preterite third-person)
ro·ucad (deuterotonic passive perfect preterite singular)
ro·uctha (deuterotonic passive perfect plural preterite)
·rucus (first-person perfect preterite prototonic singular)
·rucais (perfect preterite prototonic second-person singular)
·ruc (perfect preterite prototonic singular third-person)
·rucsat (perfect plural preterite prototonic third-person)
·rucad (passive perfect preterite prototonic singular)
·ructha (passive perfect plural preterite prototonic)
·rucfaither (future passive prototonic singular)
·rucfaiter (future passive plural prototonic)
·ruca (present prototonic singular subjunctive third-person)
·rucca (present prototonic singular subjunctive third-person)
·ructar (passive plural present prototonic subjunctive)
·ruccainn (first-person past prototonic singular subjunctive)
·ructhae (passive past prototonic singular subjunctive)
·ructais (passive past plural prototonic subjunctive)
uic (imperative past second-person singular)
beirid (mutation mutation-radical)
beirid (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbeirid (mutation)

sga-conj-simple

prefixed with <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">no-t-</i>

desctree

Middle Irish: beirid
Irish: beir
Manx: behr
Scottish Gaelic: beir

From Proto-Celtic *bereti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti. See ro·uic for the etymology of the suppletive perfective forms.
Cognates include Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (bairan), Ancient Greek φέρω (phérō), Sanskrit भरति (bhárati), Latin ferō, Old Church Slavonic бьрати (bĭrati).

Ní hed not·beir i nem, cía ba loingthech.

It is not this that brings you sg into heaven, that you may be gluttonous.

in tan ṁberes claind, is fáilid íar sin

when she bears children, she is joyous after that

Bat hé berte bretha lib.

Let it be them who give judgments among you.

Ní taibre grád for nech causa a pectha ꝉ a chaíngníma: ar bíit alaili and ro·finnatar a pecthe resíu do·coí grád forru; alaili is íarum ro·finnatar. Berir dano fri láa brátha.
You sg should not confer orders on anyone because of his sin or of his good deed: for there are some whose sins are found out before their ordination, others whose [sins] are found out afterwards. Reference is made, then, to the day of judgment.

(literally, “…before orders go upon them…”)


derbráthair

derbráthair (nominative singular)
derbráthair (dual nominative)
derbráithir (nominative plural)
derbráthair (singular vocative)
derbráthair (dual vocative)
derbráithrea (plural vocative)
derbráthair (accusative singular)
derbráthair (accusative dual)
derbráithrea (accusative plural)
derbráthar (genitive singular)
derbráthar (dual genitive)
derbráthar (genitive plural)
derbráithre (genitive plural)
derbráthair (dative singular)
derbráithrib (dative dual)
derbráithrib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: derbráthair

Irish: deartháir

Manx: jarroo-vraar

(rare until Middle Irish) brother (by blood)


ciúin

ciúin (masculine nominative singular)
ciúin (feminine nominative singular)
ciúin (neuter nominative singular)
ciúin (masculine singular vocative)
ciúin (feminine singular vocative)
ciúin (neuter singular vocative)
ciúin (accusative masculine singular)
ciúin (accusative feminine singular)
ciúin (accusative neuter singular)
ciúin (genitive masculine singular)
ciúine (feminine genitive singular)
ciúin (genitive neuter singular)
ciúin (dative masculine singular)
ciúin (dative feminine singular)
ciúin (dative neuter singular)
ciúini (masculine nominative plural)
ciúini (feminine neuter nominative plural)
ciúini (masculine plural vocative)
ciúini (feminine neuter plural vocative)
ciúini (accusative masculine plural)
ciúini (accusative feminine neuter plural)
ciúin (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
ciúinib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
ciúin (mutation mutation-radical)
chiúin (mutation mutation-nasal)
ciúin (mutation)

Irish: ciúin

Manx: kiune

Scottish Gaelic: ciùin

⇒ Middle Irish: ciúnas


ansae

head

ansae (comparative ansu, superlative ansam)

ansu (comparative)
ansam (superlative)
ansae (masculine nominative singular)
ansae (feminine nominative singular)
ansae (neuter nominative singular)
ansai (masculine singular vocative)
ansae (feminine singular vocative)
ansae (neuter singular vocative)
ansae (accusative masculine singular)
ansai (accusative feminine singular)
ansae (accusative neuter singular)
ansai (genitive masculine singular)
ansae (feminine genitive singular)
ansai (genitive neuter singular)
ansu (dative masculine singular)
ansai (dative feminine singular)
ansu (dative neuter singular)
ansai (masculine nominative plural)
ansai (feminine neuter nominative plural)
ansai (masculine plural vocative)
ansu (masculine plural vocative)
ansai (feminine neuter plural vocative)
ansai (accusative masculine plural)
ansu (accusative masculine plural)
ansai (accusative feminine neuter plural)
ansae (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
ansaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
ansae (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ansae (mutation)

Middle Irish: ansa

Irish: ansa

ar is ansæ in ball do thinchosc neich as·berad cenn

for it is difficult for the member to correct what the head said


bráthair

bráthair m (genitive bráthar, nominative plural bráithir)

bráthar (genitive)
bráithir (nominative plural)
bráthair (nominative singular)
bráthair (dual nominative)
bráithir (nominative plural)
bráthair (singular vocative)
bráthair (dual vocative)
bráithrea (plural vocative)
bráthair (accusative singular)
bráthair (accusative dual)
bráithrea (accusative plural)
bráthar (genitive singular)
bráthar (dual genitive)
bráthar (genitive plural)
bráthre (genitive plural)
bráithre (genitive plural)
bráthair (dative singular)
bráithrib (dative dual)
bráithrib (dative plural)
bráthair (mutation mutation-radical)
bráthair (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbráthair (mutation)

Irish: bráthair

Manx: braar

Scottish Gaelic: bràthair

⇒ Middle Irish: bráithremail

From Proto-Celtic *brātīr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.

Do·beir-som ainm bráthre doib, arná·epret is ara miscuis in cúrsachad, act is ara seircc.

He calls them brothers, lest they should say the reprimand is because of hatred for them, but it is because of love for them.

Ba torad sa⟨í⟩thir dúun in chrud so ce du·melmis cech túari et ce du·gnemmis a ndu·gníat ar céli, act ní bad nertad na mbráithre et frescsiu fochricce as móo.

It would be a fruit of labor for us in this way if we consumed every food and if we did what our fellows do, but it would not be a strengthening of the brothers and a hope of a greater reward.

ɔrabad cech bráthair post alium .i. is huisse ce ru·samaltar fri Críst

so that each brother should be after the other, i.e. it is right that he be compared to Christ


argat

argait (genitive)
argat (nominative singular)
argat (singular vocative)
argat (accusative singular)
argait (genitive singular)
argut (dative singular)
argat (mutation mutation-radical)
n-argat (mutation)

Irish: airgead

Manx: argid

Scottish Gaelic: airgead

From Proto-Celtic *argantom (“silver”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥ǵn̥tóm (“silver”, literally “that which is shining”), from the root *h₂erǵ- (“to shine”). Cognate with Latin argentum and Old Armenian արծաթ (arcatʻ).


cethair

cetheoir (feminine)
cethair (masculine nominative plural)
cethéoir (feminine nominative plural)
cethéora (feminine nominative plural)
cethair (neuter nominative plural)
cethair (masculine plural vocative)
cethéoir (feminine plural vocative)
cethéora (feminine plural vocative)
cethair (neuter plural vocative)
cethri (accusative masculine plural)
cethéora (accusative feminine plural)
cethair (accusative neuter plural)
ceithre (genitive masculine plural)
cethéora (feminine genitive plural)
ceithre (genitive neuter plural)
ceithrib (dative masculine plural)
cethéoraib (dative feminine plural)
ceithrib (dative neuter plural)
cethair (mutation mutation-radical)
chethair (mutation mutation-nasal)
cethair (mutation)

Irish: ceathair, ceithre

Manx: kiare

Scottish Gaelic: ceithir

From Proto-Celtic *kʷetwores, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.


ocus

head

ocus (comparative oicsiu, superlative oicsi)

oicsiu (comparative)
oicsi (superlative)
ocus (masculine nominative singular)
ocus (feminine nominative singular)
ocus (neuter nominative singular)
ocus (masculine singular vocative)
ocus (feminine singular vocative)
ocus (neuter singular vocative)
ocus (accusative masculine singular)
ocuis (accusative feminine singular)
ocus (accusative neuter singular)
ocuis (genitive masculine singular)
oicse (feminine genitive singular)
ocuis (genitive neuter singular)
ocus (dative masculine singular)
ocuis (dative feminine singular)
ocus (dative neuter singular)
oicsi (masculine nominative plural)
oicsi (feminine neuter nominative plural)
oicsi (masculine plural vocative)
oicsi (feminine neuter plural vocative)
oicsi (accusative masculine plural)
oicsi (accusative feminine neuter plural)
oicsib (dative feminine masculine neuter)

sga-decl-adj-table

*not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish

Middle Irish: focus

Irish: fogas

Scottish Gaelic: fagas, faisg

Manx: faggys

From Proto-Celtic *adgostus, with the initial o- arising under the influence of oc (“at”). Cognate to Welsh agos.

écndairc cian ... ecṅdairc ocus

(glosses personae absenti vel quasi absenti; lit. “absent near”, i.e. though present regarded as absent)

"Fot·uigeb-sa dano," ol Pátraic, "hi cill napa ro-ocus arnapa dimicnithi: nípa ró-chian dano co róastar immathigid etronn."

"I will leave you, then," said Patrick, "in a church that shall not be very near lest you be despised [???], and shall not be very far, so that mutual visiting between us may be continued.

is acus a coibdelag


ocus

desctree

Middle Irish: ocus, acus
Irish: agus
Manx: as
Scottish Gaelic: agus


ocus

ocus (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ocus (mutation)

imb i céin fa i n-accus beo-sa


noí

Irish: naoi

Manx: nuy

Scottish Gaelic: naoi

From Proto-Celtic *nowan, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.


cét

Irish: céad

Manx: keead

Scottish Gaelic: ceud

From Proto-Celtic *kantom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.


cét

cét (nominative singular)
cét (dual nominative)
cét (nominative plural)
céta (nominative plural)
cét (singular vocative)
cét (dual vocative)
cét (plural vocative)
céta (plural vocative)
cét (accusative singular)
cét (accusative dual)
cét (accusative plural)
céta (accusative plural)
céit (genitive singular)
cét (dual genitive)
cét (genitive plural)
cét (dative singular)
cétaib (dative dual)
cétaib (dative plural)
cét (mutation mutation-radical)
chét (mutation mutation-nasal)
cét (mutation)


píast

píast (nominative singular)
péist (dual nominative)
píasta (nominative plural)
píast (singular vocative)
péist (dual vocative)
píasta (plural vocative)
péist (accusative singular)
péist (accusative dual)
píasta (accusative plural)
péiste (genitive singular)
píast (dual genitive)
píast (genitive plural)
péist (dative singular)
píastaib (dative dual)
píastaib (dative plural)
píast (mutation mutation-radical)
phíast (mutation mutation-nasal)
or unchanged (mutation mutation-nasal)
píast (mutation)

Middle Irish: péist

Irish: péist

Manx: beisht

Scottish Gaelic: bèist


éscae

éscai (genitive)
éscae (nominative singular)
éscae (singular vocative)
éscae (accusative singular)
éscai (genitive singular)
éscu (dative singular)
éscae (mutation mutation-radical)
n-éscae (mutation)

Irish: éasca

Manx: eayst

Ar is airchenn ṁbes salt hi ciunn nóidécdi mad i ndib ṅ‑uarib deac nammá bas laigu cach mí aescai oldaas trichtaige. Is ed didiu slándliged salto noichtiche co lleuth du árim in ę́scu.
For it is certain that there should be a leap at the end of the nineteen-years-cycle if it is by twelve hours only that every lunar month is less than a space of thirty days. This, then, is the healthy law of the leap, to reckon 29½ days in the lunar month.


lebor

head

lebor m (genitive libuir or libair or liubair, nominative plural libuir or libair or liubair)

libuir (genitive)
libair (genitive)
liubair (genitive)
libuir (nominative plural)
libair (nominative plural)
liubair (nominative plural)
lebor (masculine nominative singular stem)
lebor (dual masculine nominative stem)
libair (masculine nominative plural stem)
libair (masculine singular stem vocative)
lebor (dual masculine stem vocative)
lebru (masculine plural stem vocative)
lebor (accusative masculine singular stem)
lebor (accusative dual masculine stem)
lebru (accusative masculine plural stem)
libair (genitive masculine singular stem)
lebor (dual genitive masculine stem)
lebor (genitive masculine plural stem)
lebor (dative masculine singular stem)
lebraib (dative dual masculine stem)
lebraib (dative masculine plural stem)
lebor (mutation mutation-radical)
also llebor after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
lebor (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: leabhar

Manx: lioar

Scottish Gaelic: leabhar

Lebor quasi libor a libro.


bláth

bláth (nominative singular)
bláth (dual nominative)
bláthae (nominative plural)
bláth (singular vocative)
bláth (dual vocative)
bláthu (plural vocative)
bláth (accusative singular)
bláth (accusative dual)
bláthu (accusative plural)
blátho (genitive singular)
blátha (genitive singular)
blátho (dual genitive)
blátha (dual genitive)
bláthae (genitive plural)
bláth (dative singular)
bláthaib (dative dual)
bláthaib (dative plural)
bláth (mutation mutation-radical)
bláth (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbláth (mutation)

Irish: bláth

Manx: blaa

Scottish Gaelic: blàth

From Proto-Celtic *blātus, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”).


adaig

head

adaig f (genitive aidche or aithche, nominative plural aidchi or aithgi)

aidche (genitive)
aithche (genitive)
aidchi (nominative plural)
aithgi (nominative plural)
adaig (nominative singular)
adaig (dual nominative)
aidchi (nominative plural)
aithchi (nominative plural)
adaig (singular vocative)
adaig (dual vocative)
aidchi (plural vocative)
aithchi (plural vocative)
aidchi (accusative singular)
aithchi (accusative singular)
adaig (accusative dual)
aidchi (accusative plural)
aithchi (accusative plural)
aidche (genitive singular)
aithche (genitive singular)
aidche (dual genitive)
aithche (dual genitive)
aidche (genitive plural)
aidchi (dative singular)
aithchi (dative singular)
adaig (dative singular)
aidchib (dative dual)
aithchib (dative dual)
aidchib (dative plural)
aithchib (dative plural)
adaig (mutation mutation-radical)
n-adaig (mutation)

Middle Irish: adaig, aidche, oidche

Irish: oíche, adhaigh

Manx: oie

Scottish Gaelic: oidhche

From earlier *adekʷī or *adekī, of unknown origin. Similar to Proto-Brythonic *exuɨð (“evening”), whose etymology is equally obscure.
Possibly cognate with Latin āter (“dark”) or Sanskrit अन्ध (andha, “blind”), though these comparisons are also difficult.


adaig

ad·aig (canonical)
ad·aig (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
ad·aich (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
atom·aig (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
attot·aig (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
atann·aig[n]i (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
atob·aich (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
atob·aig (deuterotonic indicative present singular third-person)
ad·agat (deuterotonic indicative plural present third-person)
ad·agar (deuterotonic indicative passive present singular)
ad·agatar (deuterotonic indicative passive plural present)
ad·aigtis (deuterotonic imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ad·acht (deuterotonic preterite singular third-person)
ad·achtatar (deuterotonic plural preterite third-person)
ad·acht (deuterotonic passive preterite singular)
ad·achta (deuterotonic passive plural preterite)
ad·ebla (deuterotonic future perfect singular third-person)
ad·agad (deuterotonic past present singular subjunctive third-person)
ad·aig (imperative present second-person singular)
ad·aig (mutation mutation-radical)
ad·n-aig (mutation)

sga-conj-complex

with infixed pronoun <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">dom-</i>

with infixed pronoun <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">dot-</i>

with infixed pronoun dan- and emphatic enclitic -ni

with infixed pronoun <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">dob-</i>


lám

head

lám f (genitive láme or láime or lámae, nominative plural láma)

láme (genitive)
láime (genitive)
lámae (genitive)
láma (nominative plural)
lám (nominative singular)
láim (dual nominative)
láma (nominative plural)
lám (singular vocative)
láim (dual vocative)
láma (plural vocative)
láim (accusative singular)
láim (accusative dual)
láma (accusative plural)
láime (genitive singular)
láme (genitive singular)
lámae (genitive singular)
lám (dual genitive)
lám (genitive plural)
láim (dative singular)
lámaib (dative dual)
lámaib (dative plural)
lám (mutation mutation-radical)
also llám after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
lám (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: lámh

Manx: laue

Scottish Gaelic: làmh

→ Old Norse: lámr

Faroese: lámur

Icelandic: lámur

From Proto-Celtic *ɸlāmā (compare Welsh llaw), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂meh₂ (“palm, hand”) (compare Latin palma, Greek παλάμη (palámē)).

inh

precept dosom fri dei et saithar ho lámaib in nocte

to him [there is] teaching by day and labor with hands by night

ind lám glosses manu

doe láme glosses lacertus

(abstract, figurative) prowess, accomplishment, power


síi

From Proto-Celtic *swīs (compare Welsh chwi), from Proto-Indo-European *wos (compare Latin vōs, Old Church Slavonic вꙑ (vy)).


-sni

From Proto-Celtic *snīs (“we”) (compare Welsh ni).

lai[mim]mirsni

Emphatic suffixes are added to nouns modified by a possessive determiner to emphasize the possessor

and predicate nouns to emphasize the subject

and to inflected prepositions to emphasize the object


cairm

Cairm in tibre dam? – Where will you give [it] to me?


cía airm

Ní fiastar som cía airm indid immaircide do epert amén – "He will not know where it is fitting in it for him to say amen".


cía dú

Cía dú cosa·tiagam? – "Where are we going?" (lit. "What place to which we are going?")

(interrogative) where (to what place), whither?


srón

head

srón f (genitive sróine, nominative plural sróna)

sróine (genitive)
sróna (nominative plural)
srón (nominative singular)
sróin (dual nominative)
sróna (nominative plural)
srón (singular vocative)
sróin (dual vocative)
sróna (plural vocative)
sróin (accusative singular)
sróin (accusative dual)
sróna (accusative plural)
sróine (genitive singular)
srón (dual genitive)
srón (genitive plural)
sróin (dative singular)
srónaib (dative dual)
srónaib (dative plural)
srón (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡrón (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: srón

Manx: stroin

Scottish Gaelic: sròn

From Proto-Celtic *srognā (compare Welsh ffroen (“nostril”)).


cía chruth

Is hésom ro·fitir cía chruth pridchimmeni – "It is he who knows how we preach"


cía indas

Décaid a eredig ⁊ a arma cía indas rund·gabsat – "Behold his cup and his weapons, how they are."


cindas

Irish: conas

Manx: kanys

Scottish Gaelic: cionnas

Cindas rainnfither in mucc? – "How will the pig be divided?"


cid

Irish: cad

Scottish Gaelic: ciod

Manx: quoid

From Proto-Celtic *kʷid, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷid (compare *kʷis); compare Latin quid, Cornish pyth, Welsh pa.

cid atob·aich cen dílgud cech ancridi do·gnethe frib, et ní bethe fria acre

what impels you pl not to forgive every injury that may have been done to you, and that you should not be about to sue [because of] it?

Ro·cluinethar cách in fogur et nícon·ḟitir cid as·beir.

Everyone hears the sound and does not know what it says.


cid

cid ara·mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib


cid

Univerbation of cía (“though”) + is/ba (“is (indicative or subjunctive)”)

univerbation

cid écen aisndís do neuch as doruid co léir, ní sechmalfaider cuimre and dano

though it is necessary to explain carefully anything that is difficult, however brevity will not be passed by

Bed indbadigthi .i. bed chuintechti .i. cid fáilte ad·cot-sa ⁊ du·ngnéu, is túsu immid·folngi dam, a Dǽ; cid indeb dano ad·cot, is tú, Dǽ, immid·folngi dam.

To be enriched, i.e. to be sought, i.e. though it is joy that I obtain and make, it is you who effects it for me, O God; so too, though it is wealth that I obtain, it is you, God, who effects it for me.


cid

cid (mutation mutation-radical)
chid (mutation mutation-nasal)
cid (mutation)

Mad áill dúib cid accaldam neich diib, da·rigénte.

If you pl desired even to address any of them, you could do it.


nícon

Irish: cha

Scottish Gaelic: cha

Manx: cha

From ní (“not”) and probably co (“to, toward”).

Ro·cluinethar cách in fogur et níɔ·fitir cid as·beir.

Everyone hears the sound and doesn't know what he says.


grád

head

grád n (genitive gráda, nominative plural grád)

gráda (genitive)
grád (nominative plural)
grád (nominative singular)
grád (dual nominative)
grád (nominative plural)
gráda (nominative plural)
grád (singular vocative)
grád (dual vocative)
grád (plural vocative)
grád (accusative singular)
grád (accusative dual)
grád (accusative plural)
grádo (genitive singular)
gráda (genitive singular)
grádo (dual genitive)
gráda (dual genitive)
grád (genitive plural)
grád (dative singular)
grádaib (dative dual)
grádaib (dative plural)

Irish: grá

Manx: graih

Scottish Gaelic: gràdh

desctree

⇒ Middle Irish: grádaigidir
Irish: gráigh
Scottish Gaelic: gràdhaich


grád

head

grád n (genitive gráid, nominative plural gráid)

gráid (genitive)
gráid (nominative plural)
grád (nominative singular)
grád (dual nominative)
grád (nominative plural)
gráda (nominative plural)
grád (singular vocative)
grád (dual vocative)
grád (plural vocative)
gráda (plural vocative)
grád (accusative singular)
grád (accusative dual)
grád (accusative plural)
gráda (accusative plural)
gráid (genitive singular)
grád (dual genitive)
grád (genitive plural)
grád (dative singular)
grádaib (dative dual)
grádaib (dative plural)
grád (mutation mutation-radical)
grád (mutation mutation-nasal)
ngrád (mutation)

Middle Irish: grád

Irish: grádh

desc

⇒ Irish: grád (with d replacing expected dh under English and French influence)

ma chomalnit a ngrád ꝉ apud plebiles ma rud·choiscset a mmuintir

if they fulfill their orders or, among the plebiles, if they have corrected their household

Ní taibre grád for nech causa a pectha ꝉ a chaíngníma: ar biit alaili and ro·finnatar a pecthe resíu do·coí grád forru; alaili is íarum ro·finnatar. Berir dano fri láa brátha
You sg should not confer orders on anyone because of his sin or of his good deed: for there are some whose sins are known before their ordination, others whose [sins] are known afterwards. Reference is made, then, to the day of judgment.

(literally, “…before orders shall go upon them…”)


cáera

head

cáera f (genitive caírech, nominative plural cáeraig)

caírech (genitive)
cáeraig (nominative plural)
cáera (mutation mutation-radical)
cháera (mutation mutation-nasal)
cáera (mutation)


lenab

lenab (masculine nominative singular stem)
lenab (dual masculine nominative stem)
lenaib (masculine nominative plural stem)
lenaib (masculine singular stem vocative)
lenab (dual masculine stem vocative)
lenbu (masculine plural stem vocative)
lenab (accusative masculine singular stem)
lenab (accusative dual masculine stem)
lenbu (accusative masculine plural stem)
lenaib (genitive masculine singular stem)
lenab (dual genitive masculine stem)
lenab (genitive masculine plural stem)
lenab (dative masculine singular stem)
lenbaib (dative dual masculine stem)
lenbaib (dative masculine plural stem)

Irish: leanbh

Manx: lhiannoo

Scottish Gaelic: leanabh


íasc

íasc m (genitive éisc, nominative plural éisc)

éisc (genitive)
éisc (nominative plural)
íasc (masculine nominative singular stem)
íasc (dual masculine nominative stem)
éisc (masculine nominative plural stem)
éisc (masculine singular stem vocative)
íasc (dual masculine stem vocative)
íascu (masculine plural stem vocative)
íasc (accusative masculine singular stem)
íasc (accusative dual masculine stem)
íascu (accusative masculine plural stem)
éisc (genitive masculine singular stem)
íasc (dual genitive masculine stem)
íasc (genitive masculine plural stem)
íasc (dative masculine singular stem)
íascaib (dative dual masculine stem)
íascaib (dative masculine plural stem)
íasc (mutation mutation-radical)
n-íasc (mutation)

Irish: iasc

Manx: eeast

Scottish Gaelic: iasg

From Proto-Celtic *ɸēskos, from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-.


snechtae

snechtae (nominative singular)
snechtae (dual nominative)
snechtai (nominative plural)
snechtai (singular vocative)
snechtae (dual vocative)
snechtu (plural vocative)
snechtae (accusative singular)
snechtae (accusative dual)
snechtu (accusative plural)
snechtai (genitive singular)
snechtae (dual genitive)
snechtae (genitive plural)
snechtu (dative singular)
snechtaib (dative dual)
snechtaib (dative plural)
snechtae (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡnechtae (mutation mutation-nasal)

Middle Irish: snechta

Irish: sneachta

Manx: sniaghtey

Scottish Gaelic: sneachda

From a suffixed derivative of Proto-Indo-European *snéygʷʰs (“snow”); related to Proto-Celtic *snigʷyeti (“to snow”).


cnocc

cnocc m (genitive cnuicc, nominative plural cnuicc)

cnuicc (genitive)
cnuicc (nominative plural)
cnocc (masculine nominative singular stem)
cnocc (dual masculine nominative stem)
cnuicc (masculine nominative plural stem)
cnuicc (masculine singular stem vocative)
cnocc (dual masculine stem vocative)
cnuccu (masculine plural stem vocative)
cnocc (accusative masculine singular stem)
cnocc (accusative dual masculine stem)
cnuccu (accusative masculine plural stem)
cnuicc (genitive masculine singular stem)
cnocc (dual genitive masculine stem)
cnocc (genitive masculine plural stem)
cnucc (dative masculine singular stem)
cnoccaib (dative dual masculine stem)
cnoccaib (dative masculine plural stem)
cnocc (mutation mutation-radical)
chnocc (mutation mutation-nasal)
cnocc (mutation)

Irish: cnoc

Manx: cronk

⇒ Middle Irish: cnocán

Scottish Gaelic: cnoc

→ Welsh: cnwc

cnocc glosses ulcus


slíab

slíab n (genitive slébe, nominative plural slébe)

slébe (genitive)
slébe (nominative plural)
slíab (neuter nominative singular)
slíab (dual neuter nominative)
sléibe (neuter nominative plural)
slíab (neuter singular vocative)
slíab (dual neuter vocative)
sléibe (neuter plural vocative)
slíab (accusative neuter singular)
slíab (accusative dual neuter)
sléibe (accusative neuter plural)
sléibe (genitive neuter singular)
sléibe (dual genitive neuter)
sléibe (genitive neuter plural)
sléib (dative neuter singular)
sléibib (dative dual neuter)
sléibib (dative neuter plural)
slíab (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡlíab (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: sliabh

Manx: slieau

Scottish Gaelic: sliabh

[sʲl͈ʲiːa̯β]

Amal du·berad nech hi ceist do Dauid: “Húare is móir sléb fírinne Dǽ, cid ara fodmai-siu, ⟨a⟩ Dauid, didiu a ndu imnedaib ⁊ frithoircnib fodaimi? Air it fírián-⟨s⟩u.” Ícaid-som didiu anísin, a n-as·mbeir iudicia Domini abisus multa .i. ataat mesai Dǽ nephchomtetarrachti amal abis ⁊ amal fudumain. Is ed in sin fod·era in n-erígim, cid ara fodaim int aís fírián inna fochaidi, ⁊ cid ara mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib.

As though someone had put as a question to David: “Because God’s righteousness is as great as a mountain, why then, David, dost thou suffer what of afflictions and injuries thou sufferest? For thou art righteous.” He solves that then when he says “iudicia Domini abyssus multa”, i.e. there are judgments of God incomprehensible like an abyss and like a depth. That is what causes the complaint why the righteous folk endure tribulations, and why sinners are in prosperity.

Amal rund·gab slíab Sión andes ⁊ antúaid du⟨n⟩ chath⟨raig⟩ dïa dítin, sic rund·gabsat ar ṅdá thoíb du dítin ar n-inmedónach-ni.

As Mount Sion is located on the south and the north of the city to protect it, so are our two sides there to protect our insides.


rétglu

rétglu f (genitive rétglann, nominative plural rétglainn)

rétglann (genitive)
rétglainn (nominative plural)
rétglu (nominative singular)
rétglainn (dual nominative)
rétglainn (nominative plural)
rétglu (singular vocative)
rétglainn (dual vocative)
rétglanna (plural vocative)
rétglainn (accusative singular)
rétglainn (accusative dual)
rétglanna (accusative plural)
rétglann (genitive singular)
rétglann (dual genitive)
rétglann (genitive plural)
rétglainn (dative singular)
rétglu (dative singular)
rétglannaib (dative dual)
rétglannaib (dative plural)
rétglu (mutation mutation-radical)
also rrétglu after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
rétglu (mutation mutation-nasal)

Middle Irish: rétlu

Irish: réalta

Manx: rolt

Scottish Gaelic: reul

The first element is rét (“thing”). The second element is an n-stem derivative of Proto-Celtic *glāwos (“coal”, literally “glowing”), whence also Welsh glo and Breton glaou.


scían

scían (nominative singular)
scín (dual nominative)
scéna (nominative plural)
scían (singular vocative)
scín (dual vocative)
scéna (plural vocative)
scín (accusative singular)
scín (accusative dual)
scéna (accusative plural)
scéine (genitive singular)
scine (genitive singular)
scían (dual genitive)
scén (dual genitive)
scían (genitive plural)
scén (genitive plural)
scín (dative singular)
scénaib (dative dual)
scénaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: scian

Irish: scian

Manx: skynn

Scottish Gaelic: sgian

desctree

→ Middle English: skene, sceyne
English: skean, skene, skeyn

→ Old Welsh: *scien

Middle Welsh: ysgien

Welsh: ysgien

Originally disyllabic scïan. From Proto-Celtic *skiyenā, from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut”). According to some it is borrowed from Latin s(a)cēna (“sacrificial axe”).


ainmm

head

ainmm n (genitive anmae, nominative plural anman)

anmae (genitive)
anman (nominative plural)
ainmm (nominative singular)
ainmm (dual nominative)
anman (nominative plural)
anmann (nominative plural)
anmman (nominative plural)
ainmm (singular vocative)
ainmm (dual vocative)
anman (plural vocative)
anmann (plural vocative)
anmman (plural vocative)
ainmm (accusative singular)
ainmm (accusative dual)
anman (accusative plural)
anmann (accusative plural)
anmman (accusative plural)
anmae (genitive singular)
anman (dual genitive)
anmann (dual genitive)
anmman (dual genitive)
anman (genitive plural)
anmann (genitive plural)
anmman (genitive plural)
anmaim (dative singular)
anmanaib (dative dual)
anmanaib (dative plural)
ainmm (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ainmm (mutation)

desctree

Middle Irish: ainm
Irish: ainm
Manx: ennym
Scottish Gaelic: ainm

From Primitive Irish ᚐᚅᚋ (anm), from Proto-Celtic *anman, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”).

Ní epur a n-anman sund.

Air mad panem nammá du·berad-som ⁊ ní taibred meum, ro·bad dund ṡásad dïant ainm panis tantum no·regad; húare immurgu du·n-uic meum, is ar chech ṡásad da·uic-som amal sodin.

For if it were panem only that he put and he did not put meum, it would be only to the food to which is [given] the name panis that it would apply; however, because he has put meum, it is for every food then that he has put that.

Bés as·bera-su as n‑ai⟨n⟩m dosom animus ci at·bela.

Maybe you would say that animus is its name though it may die.

nibí dechor etir diall n-anmann ⁊ pronominum

there is no difference between the declension of nouns and pronouns

ind anme fil ina chomṡuidigud

anmman do·rónta de dobríathraib


mucc

head

mucc f (genitive muicce, nominative plural mucca)

muicce (genitive)
mucca (nominative plural)
mucc (nominative singular)
muicc (dual nominative)
mucca (nominative plural)
mucc (singular vocative)
muicc (dual vocative)
mucca (plural vocative)
muicc (accusative singular)
muicc (accusative dual)
mucca (accusative plural)
muicce (genitive singular)
mucc (dual genitive)
mucc (genitive plural)
muicc (dative singular)
muccaib (dative dual)
muccaib (dative plural)
mucc (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmucc after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
mucc (mutation mutation-nasal)

desctree

Middle Irish: mucc
Irish: muc
Manx: muc
Scottish Gaelic: muc

From Proto-Celtic *mokkus (compare Welsh moch, Cornish mogh, Breton moc’h).

pig


nád

Ní nád ṁbed arse di chorp, act atá de.

Not that it might therefore not be of (the) body, but (rather) it is of it

Amal nád n-airigther ⁊ nád fintar a ndu·gníther hi suidi, sic ba in fortgidiu ⁊ ba hi temul du·gníth Saul cona muntair intleda ⁊ erelca fri Dauid.

As what is done in that is not perceived and discovered, so it was covertly and it was in darkness that Saul with his people was making snares and ambushes against David.

Iss ed inso nád chumaing ara·n-ísar and, coní enggnatar gníma, acht asa·gnintar.

This is what cannot be found there, that actions are not understood, but they are understood.

negative relative particle: who/which/that … not

nád fil nech con·gné fris ón acht Día

that there is no one to help him but God

negative particle introducing noun clause: that … not

conflation of negative relative particle with is: who/which/that is not


gáeth

sga-decl-adj-table

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

gáeth (masculine nominative singular)
gáeth (feminine nominative singular)
gáeth (neuter nominative singular)
gaíth (masculine singular vocative)
gáeth (masculine singular vocative)
gáeth (feminine singular vocative)
gáeth (neuter singular vocative)
gáeth (accusative masculine singular)
gaíth (accusative feminine singular)
gáeth (accusative neuter singular)
gaíth (genitive masculine singular)
gaíthe (feminine genitive singular)
gaíth (genitive neuter singular)
gáeth (dative masculine singular)
gaíth (dative feminine singular)
gáeth (dative neuter singular)
gaíth (masculine nominative plural)
gáetha (feminine neuter nominative plural)
gáethu (masculine plural vocative)
gáetha (masculine plural vocative)
gáetha (feminine neuter plural vocative)
gáethu (accusative masculine plural)
gáetha (accusative masculine plural)
gáetha (accusative feminine neuter plural)
gáeth (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
gáethaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: gaoth


gáeth

gáeth (nominative singular)
gaíth (dual nominative)
gáetha (nominative plural)
gáeth (singular vocative)
gaíth (dual vocative)
gáetha (plural vocative)
gaíth (accusative singular)
gaíth (accusative dual)
gáetha (accusative plural)
gaíthe (genitive singular)
gáeth (dual genitive)
gáeth (genitive plural)
gaíth (dative singular)
gáethaib (dative dual)
gáethaib (dative plural)

Irish: gaoth

Manx: geay

Scottish Gaelic: gaoth

⇒ Middle Irish: gáethamlacht

I fear not the coursing of a clear sea by the fierce heroes from Lothlend.

Verses in the St Gall Priscian Is acher in gaíth innocht fu·fuasna fairggæ findḟolt ni ágor réimm mora minn dond láechraid lainn ua Lothlind. Bitter is the wind to-night: it tosses the ocean’s white hair


gáeth

head

gáeth m or f (genitive unattested, no plural)

Irish: gaoth

gáeth (mutation mutation-radical)
gáeth (mutation mutation-nasal)
ngáeth (mutation)

table
Uncertain. Perhaps attested in Primitive Irish ᚌᚐᚈᚈᚕᚌᚂᚐᚅ (gattea-glan, “(?)having clean water”).


imdae

imdu (comparative)
imdae (masculine nominative singular)
imdae (feminine nominative singular)
imdae (neuter nominative singular)
imdai (masculine singular vocative)
imdae (feminine singular vocative)
imdae (neuter singular vocative)
imdae (accusative masculine singular)
imdai (accusative feminine singular)
imdae (accusative neuter singular)
imdai (genitive masculine singular)
imdae (feminine genitive singular)
imdai (genitive neuter singular)
imdu (dative masculine singular)
imdai (dative feminine singular)
imdu (dative neuter singular)
imdai (masculine nominative plural)
imdai (feminine neuter nominative plural)
imdai (masculine plural vocative)
imdu (masculine plural vocative)
imdai (feminine neuter plural vocative)
imdai (accusative masculine plural)
imdu (accusative masculine plural)
imdai (accusative feminine neuter plural)
imdae (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
imdaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: iomaí

Manx: shimmey

Scottish Gaelic: iomadh

cit imdi far forcitlidi


imdae

imdae (genitive)
imdad (genitive)
imdae (nominative singular)
imdai (dual nominative)
imdai (nominative plural)
imdae (singular vocative)
imdai (dual vocative)
imdai (plural vocative)
imdai (accusative singular)
imdai (accusative dual)
imdai (accusative plural)
imdae (genitive singular)
imdae (dual genitive)
imdae (genitive plural)
imdai (dative singular)
imdaib (dative dual)
imdaib (dative plural)
imdae (nominative singular)
imdaid (dual nominative)
imdae (dual nominative)
imdaid (nominative plural)
imdae (singular vocative)
imdaid (dual vocative)
imdae (dual vocative)
imdada (plural vocative)
imdaid (accusative singular)
imdaid (accusative dual)
imdae (accusative dual)
imdada (accusative plural)
imdad (genitive singular)
imdad (dual genitive)
imdad (genitive plural)
imdaid (dative singular)
imdadaib (dative dual)
imdadaib (dative plural)
imdae (mutation mutation-radical)
n-imdae (mutation)


sacart

sacart (masculine nominative singular stem)
sacart (dual masculine nominative stem)
sacairt (masculine nominative plural stem)
sacairt (masculine singular stem vocative)
sacart (dual masculine stem vocative)
sacartu (masculine plural stem vocative)
sacart (accusative masculine singular stem)
sacart (accusative dual masculine stem)
sacartu (accusative masculine plural stem)
sacairt (genitive masculine singular stem)
sacart (dual genitive masculine stem)
sacart (genitive masculine plural stem)
sacurt (dative masculine singular stem)
sacartaib (dative dual masculine stem)
sacartaib (dative masculine plural stem)
sacart (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡacart (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: sagart

Manx: saggyrt

Scottish Gaelic: sagart

⇒ Middle Irish: sacartacht


peccad

head

peccad m (genitive pectha, nominative plural pecthe)

pectha (genitive)
pecthe (nominative plural)
peccad (nominative singular)
peccath (nominative singular)
pecad (nominative singular)
peccad (dual nominative)
peccath (dual nominative)
pecad (dual nominative)
pecthi (nominative plural)
peccthi (nominative plural)
pectha (nominative plural)
pecthai (nominative plural)
pecdæ (nominative plural)
pecthe (nominative plural)
pecthae (nominative plural)
peccad (singular vocative)
peccath (singular vocative)
pecad (singular vocative)
peccad (dual vocative)
peccath (dual vocative)
pecad (dual vocative)
pecthu (plural vocative)
peccad (accusative singular)
peccath (accusative singular)
pecad (accusative singular)
peccad (accusative dual)
peccath (accusative dual)
pecad (accusative dual)
pecthu (accusative plural)
pectho (genitive singular)
pecctho (genitive singular)
pectha (genitive singular)
pecctha (genitive singular)
pectho (dual genitive)
pecctho (dual genitive)
pectha (dual genitive)
pecctha (dual genitive)
pecthe (genitive plural)
pecthae (genitive plural)
peccad (dative singular)
peccath (dative singular)
pecad (dative singular)
pecthib (dative dual)
pecthaib (dative dual)
pecthib (dative plural)
pecthaib (dative plural)
peccad (mutation mutation-radical)
pheccad (mutation mutation-nasal)
or unchanged (mutation mutation-nasal)
peccad (mutation)

Middle Irish: peccad (o-stem)

Irish: peaca

Manx: peccah

Scottish Gaelic: peacadh

Borrowed from Latin peccātum. The inflection as a masculine u-stem is due to analogy with the verbal noun suffix -ad.


díriuch

dírgu (comparative)
díriuch (masculine nominative singular)
díriuch (feminine nominative singular)
díriuch (neuter nominative singular)
díriuch (masculine singular vocative)
díriuch (feminine singular vocative)
díriuch (neuter singular vocative)
díriuch (accusative masculine singular)
dírig (accusative feminine singular)
díriuch (accusative neuter singular)
dírig (genitive masculine singular)
dírgae (feminine genitive singular)
dírig (genitive neuter singular)
díriuch (dative masculine singular)
dírig (dative feminine singular)
díriuch (dative neuter singular)
dírgai (masculine nominative plural)
dírgai (feminine neuter nominative plural)
dírgai (masculine plural vocative)
dírgai (feminine neuter plural vocative)
dírgai (accusative masculine plural)
dírgai (accusative feminine neuter plural)
dírgaib (dative feminine masculine neuter)
díriuch (mutation mutation-radical)
díriuch (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndíriuch (mutation)

Irish: díreach

Manx: jeeragh

Scottish Gaelic: dìreach

From Old Irish *riug, from Proto-Celtic *rigus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵ-u-s ~ *h₃r̥ǵ-éw-s (“straight”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-. Sanskrit ऋजुः ~ ऋजोः (ṛjúḥ ~ ṛjóḥ, “straight”) is a precise cognate, both having generalised zero grade in the root. Ancient Greek ὀρεκτός (orektós), Latin rēctus, and English right are also related.
Because u-stem adjectives are rare in Old Irish, it is unlikely to have been borrowed from Latin dīrectus, but the addition of the intensive prefix di- could have been influenced by the Latin term of the same meaning.


croiccenn

head

croiccenn n (genitive croiccinn, nominative plural croicne)

croiccinn (genitive)
croicne (nominative plural)
croiccenn (nominative singular)
croiccenn (dual nominative)
croiccenn (nominative plural)
croicne (nominative plural)
croiccenn (singular vocative)
croiccenn (dual vocative)
croiccenn (plural vocative)
croicne (plural vocative)
croiccenn (accusative singular)
croiccenn (accusative dual)
croiccenn (accusative plural)
croicne (accusative plural)
croiccinn (genitive singular)
croiccenn (dual genitive)
croiccenn (genitive plural)
croicciunn (dative singular)
croicnib (dative dual)
croicnib (dative plural)

Irish: craiceann

Manx: crackan

Scottish Gaelic: craiceann

From Proto-Celtic *krokkenom (“skin”), probably loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate language. However, compare Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz (“ridge, back, spine”) and German Krug.
Cognate with Breton kroc'hen, Cornish kroghen; Welsh croen (< *kroknom).


cóic

Irish: cúig

Manx: queig

Scottish Gaelic: còig

cóic (mutation mutation-radical)
chóic (mutation mutation-nasal)
cóic (mutation)

From Proto-Celtic *kʷenkʷe. Lengthening *e > *ē is expected, but the shift to /oː/ is not. From Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.


tengae

head

tengae f (genitive tengad, nominative plural tengaid)

tengad (genitive)
tengaid (nominative plural)
tengae (nominative singular)
tengaid (dual nominative)
tengae (dual nominative)
tengaid (nominative plural)
tengae (singular vocative)
tengaid (dual vocative)
tengae (dual vocative)
tengtha (plural vocative)
tengaid (accusative singular)
tengaid (accusative dual)
tengae (accusative dual)
tengtha (accusative plural)
tengad (genitive singular)
tengad (dual genitive)
tengad (genitive plural)
tengaid (dative singular)
teng (dative singular)
tenga (dative singular)
tengthaib (dative dual)
tengthaib (dative plural)
tengae (mutation mutation-radical)
thengae (mutation mutation-nasal)
tengae (mutation)

Irish: teanga

Manx: çhengey

Scottish Gaelic: teanga

From Proto-Celtic *tangʷāss (compare Welsh tafod), from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s (“tongue, speech, language”).

inh

in bélrai .i. is and atá gním tengad isind huiliu labramar-ni

of speech, i.e. the action of the tongue is in all that we say


druimm

head

druimm n (genitive drommo, nominative plural drummai)

drommo (genitive)
drummai (nominative plural)
druimm (nominative singular)
druimm (dual nominative)
drummae (nominative plural)
druimm (singular vocative)
druimm (dual vocative)
drummae (plural vocative)
druimm (accusative singular)
druimm (accusative dual)
drummae (accusative plural)
drommo (genitive singular)
dromma (genitive singular)
drommo (dual genitive)
dromma (dual genitive)
drummae (genitive plural)
druimm (dative singular)
drummaib (dative dual)
drummaib (dative plural)
druimm (mutation mutation-radical)
druimm (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndruimm (mutation)

Irish: droim

Manx: dreeym

Scottish Gaelic: druim

From Proto-Celtic *drosman, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *térmn̥ (“end, boundary”), the source of English tram, Proto-Germanic *þrumą (“butt, block”). Or, possibly related to Latin dorsum (“back, ridge”).


fíacail

head

fíacail m or f (genitive fíacla or fíaclu, nominative plural fíaclai)

fíacla (genitive)
fíaclu (genitive)
fíaclai (nominative plural)
fíacail (nominative singular)
fíacail (dual nominative)
fíaclai (nominative plural)
fíacail (singular vocative)
fíacail (dual vocative)
fíaclai (plural vocative)
fíacail (accusative singular)
fíacail (accusative dual)
fíaclai (accusative plural)
fíaclo (genitive singular)
fíacla (genitive singular)
fíaclo (dual genitive)
fíacla (dual genitive)
fíaclae (genitive plural)
fíacail (dative singular)
fíaclaib (dative dual)
fíaclaib (dative plural)
fíacail (mutation mutation-radical)
fhíacail (lenition mutation)

Irish: fiacail

Manx: feeackle

Scottish Gaelic: fiacaill

[ˈɸʲiːa̯kɨlʲ]

An ancient etymology derives it from Latin fīgō (“to fix”), the idea being that a tooth is a "mouth fixture"; this explanation is impossible on phonological grounds and extremely unlikely on semantic ones. More recently, MacBain suggests a connection with Middle Irish fec (“spade, tooth, tusk”), assuming that the latter is actually *féc; the two would then both be from Proto-Celtic *wēkkā of unknown origin.

húa détnaig a fíaclae fri alailiu

by the gnashing of their teeth against each other


fairrge

fairrge f (genitive fairrge, nominative plural fairrgi)

fairrge (genitive)
fairrgi (nominative plural)
fairrge (nominative singular)
fairrgi (dual nominative)
fairrgi (nominative plural)
fairrge (singular vocative)
fairrgi (dual vocative)
fairrgi (plural vocative)
fairrgi (accusative singular)
fairrgi (accusative dual)
fairrgi (accusative plural)
fairrge (genitive singular)
fairrge (dual genitive)
fairrge (genitive plural)
fairrgi (dative singular)
fairrgib (dative dual)
fairrgib (dative plural)
fairrge (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟairrge (mutation mutation-nasal)
fairrge (mutation)

Irish: farraige

Manx: faarkey

Scottish Gaelic: fairge

Possibly from the root of fairsiung (“ample, broad”).


grían

grían (nominative singular)
gréin (dual nominative)
gríana (nominative plural)
grían (singular vocative)
gréin (dual vocative)
gríana (plural vocative)
gréin (accusative singular)
gréin (accusative dual)
gríana (accusative plural)
gréine (genitive singular)
grían (dual genitive)
grían (genitive plural)
gréin (dative singular)
gríanaib (dative dual)
gríanaib (dative plural)
grían (mutation mutation-radical)
grían (mutation mutation-nasal)
ngrían (mutation)

Irish: grian

Manx: grian

Scottish Gaelic: grian

From Proto-Celtic *grēnā. Further etymology uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to be warm, hot”).
Matasović reconstructs Proto-Celtic *gʷrensnā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrenso- (“warm”) (whence Sanskrit घ्रंस (ghraṃsa, “heat of the sun”) and Proto-Celtic *gʷrensos, whence Middle Welsh gwres (“heat (of the sun, fire)”), compare also Proto-Celtic *gʷrīns, whence derived *gʷrīnsā > Old Irish grís (“heat (of the sun), fire, embers”).


óc

oä (comparative)
oäm (superlative)
óc (masculine nominative singular)
óc (feminine nominative singular)
óc (neuter nominative singular)
óic (masculine singular vocative)
óc (masculine singular vocative)
óc (feminine singular vocative)
óc (neuter singular vocative)
óc (accusative masculine singular)
óic (accusative feminine singular)
óc (accusative neuter singular)
óic (genitive masculine singular)
óice (feminine genitive singular)
óic (genitive neuter singular)
óc (dative masculine singular)
óic (dative feminine singular)
óc (dative neuter singular)
óic (masculine nominative plural)
óca (feminine neuter nominative plural)
ócu (masculine plural vocative)
óca (masculine plural vocative)
óca (feminine neuter plural vocative)
ócu (accusative masculine plural)
óca (accusative masculine plural)
óca (accusative feminine neuter plural)
óc (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
ócaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: óg

Manx: aeg

Scottish Gaelic: òg

From hiatus form oäc, from early oëc, from Proto-Celtic *yowankos (compare Welsh ieuanc and Breton yaouank), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yuh₁n̥ḱós (compare English young).


óc

óc (masculine nominative singular stem)
óc (dual masculine nominative stem)
óic (masculine nominative plural stem)
óic (masculine singular stem vocative)
óc (dual masculine stem vocative)
ócu (masculine plural stem vocative)
óc (accusative masculine singular stem)
óc (accusative dual masculine stem)
ócu (accusative masculine plural stem)
óic (genitive masculine singular stem)
óc (dual genitive masculine stem)
óc (genitive masculine plural stem)
óc (dative masculine singular stem)
ócaib (dative dual masculine stem)
ócaib (dative masculine plural stem)
óc (mutation mutation-radical)
n-óc (mutation)


snisni

From Proto-Celtic *snisni (compare Welsh nini).

snisni ata sonortu


cóiced

cóiced (masculine nominative singular)
cóiced (feminine nominative singular)
cóiced (neuter nominative singular)
cóicid (masculine singular vocative)
cóiced (masculine singular vocative)
cóiced (feminine singular vocative)
cóiced (neuter singular vocative)
cóiced (accusative masculine singular)
cóicid (accusative feminine singular)
cóiced (accusative neuter singular)
cóicid (genitive masculine singular)
cóicide (feminine genitive singular)
cóicthe (feminine genitive singular)
cóicid (genitive neuter singular)
cóiciud (dative masculine singular)
cóicid (dative feminine singular)
cóiciud (dative neuter singular)
cóicid (masculine nominative plural)
cóiceda (feminine neuter nominative plural)
cóicedu (masculine plural vocative)
cóiceda (masculine plural vocative)
cóiceda (feminine neuter plural vocative)
cóicedu (accusative masculine plural)
cóiceda (accusative masculine plural)
cóiceda (accusative feminine neuter plural)
cóiced (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
cóicedaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

desctree

Middle Irish: cóiced
Irish: cúigiú
Manx: queiggoo
Scottish Gaelic: còigeamh


cóiced

cóicid (genitive)
cóiced (nominative singular)
cóiced (dual nominative)
cóiced (nominative plural)
cóiceda (nominative plural)
cóiced (singular vocative)
cóiced (dual vocative)
cóiced (plural vocative)
cóiceda (plural vocative)
cóiced (accusative singular)
cóiced (accusative dual)
cóiced (accusative plural)
cóiceda (accusative plural)
cóicid (genitive singular)
cóiced (dual genitive)
cóiced (genitive plural)
cóiciud (dative singular)
cóicedaib (dative dual)
cóicedaib (dative plural)
cóiced (mutation mutation-radical)
chóiced (mutation mutation-nasal)
cóiced (mutation)

Irish: cúige

Manx: queiggey

Scottish Gaelic: còigeamh


imb

imme (genitive)
imb (nominative singular)
imb (singular vocative)
imb (accusative singular)
imme (genitive singular)
immim (dative singular)

Irish: im

Manx: eeym

Scottish Gaelic: ìm

table
From Proto-Celtic *amban (compare Welsh ymenyn), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃engʷen- (compare Latin unguen (“grease”), Old High German ancho (“butter”)), from *h₃engʷ- (“anoint”).


imb

immum (first-person singular)
immut (second-person singular)
imbi (accusative masculine neuter singular third-person)
immi (accusative masculine neuter singular third-person)
impe (accusative feminine singular third-person)
immunn (first-person plural)
immib (plural second-person)
impu (accusative plural third-person)
impo (accusative plural third-person)
imb (mutation mutation-radical)
n-imb (mutation)

Irish: um

Scottish Gaelic: mu

Manx: mysh

table
From Proto-Celtic *ambi (compare Welsh am), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“round about, around”). Cognate with Latin ambi-, Sanskrit अभि (abhí, “towards, over, upon”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 (a-b-i-y /abiy/, “towards, against, upon”), Old High German umbi, Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “about, around”) and the first part of Old Armenian ամբ-ողջ (amb-ołǰ, “whole”).

cog

Gaibid immib a n‑étach macc coím-sa, amal nondad maicc coím-a, .i. uiscera is hé in dechellt as·beir.
Put on this raiment of servants, as you all are servants, i.e. viscera is the garment that he mentions.

Hó goistiu .i. do·bert goiste imma brágait fadesin ɔid·marb, húare nád ndigni Abisolón a chomairli.
By a noose, i.e. he put a noose around his own neck so that it killed him, because Absalom did not follow his advice.


macc

head

macc m (genitive maicc or meicc, nominative plural maicc or meicc)

maicc (genitive)
meicc (genitive)
maicc (nominative plural)
meicc (nominative plural)
macc (masculine nominative singular stem)
mac (masculine nominative singular stem)
macc (dual masculine nominative stem)
mac (dual masculine nominative stem)
maic (masculine nominative plural stem)
maicc (masculine nominative plural stem)
meic (masculine nominative plural stem)
meicc (masculine nominative plural stem)
maic (masculine singular stem vocative)
maicc (masculine singular stem vocative)
meic (masculine singular stem vocative)
meicc (masculine singular stem vocative)
macc (dual masculine stem vocative)
mac (dual masculine stem vocative)
maccu (masculine plural stem vocative)
macc (accusative masculine singular stem)
mac (accusative masculine singular stem)
macc (accusative dual masculine stem)
mac (accusative dual masculine stem)
maccu (accusative masculine plural stem)
maic (genitive masculine singular stem)
maicc (genitive masculine singular stem)
meic (genitive masculine singular stem)
meicc (genitive masculine singular stem)
macc (dual genitive masculine stem)
mac (dual genitive masculine stem)
macc (genitive masculine plural stem)
mac (genitive masculine plural stem)
macc (dative masculine singular stem)
mac (dative masculine singular stem)
maccaib (dative dual masculine stem)
maccaib (dative masculine plural stem)
macc (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmacc after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
macc (mutation mutation-nasal)

desctree

Middle Irish: mac
Irish: mac
Manx: mac
Scottish Gaelic: mac

From Primitive Irish ᚋᚐᚊᚊᚔ (maqqi, genitive), from Proto-Celtic *makkʷos, a variant of *makʷos (“son”) (compare Welsh mab, Gaulish mapos, Maponos), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ḱ- (“to raise, increase”) (compare Ancient Greek μακρός (makrós, “long”), Latin macer (“thin”).

inh

Hóre ammi maicc laí et soilse, ná seichem nahísiu.

Since we are children of day and light, let us not follow these things.

Fomnid-si, a phopul núíednissi, ar ce dud·rónath ní di maith fri maccu Israhél…

Take heed, O people of the New Testament, for although some good has been done to the children of Israel…

Ní derlaicht⟨h⟩a a pecdæ doïb acht du·ratad dígal forru. Cenotad maic-si raith dano, má im·roimsid ní dílgibther dúib.

Their sins have not been forgiven them, but punishment has been inflicted upon them. Though you pl, then, are children of grace, if you sin, you will not be forgiven.

in tan as·mbeir, “Taít, á maccu”


scíath

scíath (masculine nominative singular stem)
scíath (dual masculine nominative stem)
scéith (masculine nominative plural stem)
scéith (masculine singular stem vocative)
scíath (dual masculine stem vocative)
scíathu (masculine plural stem vocative)
scíath (accusative masculine singular stem)
scíath (accusative dual masculine stem)
scíathu (accusative masculine plural stem)
scéith (genitive masculine singular stem)
scíath (dual genitive masculine stem)
scíath (genitive masculine plural stem)
scíath (dative masculine singular stem)
scíathaib (dative dual masculine stem)
scíathaib (dative masculine plural stem)

Irish: sciath

Scottish Gaelic: sgiath

table
From Proto-Celtic *skētos (compare Breton skoed (“shield”)), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, separate”). Compare Latin scūtum, Old Church Slavonic щитъ (štitŭ).


scíath

Irish: sciath

Scottish Gaelic: sgiath

table
The final th (/θ/) was modified from d (/ð/) sometime in the prehistory of Old Irish under the influence of scíath (“shield”) above. From Proto-Celtic *skēdos (“wing, shoulder”). Cognate with Welsh ysgwydd (“shoulder”), Breton skoaz (“shoulder”), and Cornish skoodh (“shoulder”)


sní

From Proto-Celtic *snīs (compare Welsh ni), from Proto-Indo-European *nos, compare Latin nōs, Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐍃 (uns).

o sní credentes in Christo

Ní sní cetid·deirgni ⁊ ní sní dud·rigni nammá.

We have not done it first, and we have not done it alone.


blíadain

head

blíadain f (genitive blíadnae, nominative plural blíadnai)

blíadnae (genitive)
blíadnai (nominative plural)
blíadain (nominative singular)
blíadain (dual nominative)
blíadnai (nominative plural)
blíadain (singular vocative)
blíadain (dual vocative)
blíadnai (plural vocative)
blíadnai (accusative singular)
blíadain (accusative dual)
blíadnai (accusative plural)
blíadnae (genitive singular)
blíadnae (dual genitive)
blíadnae (genitive plural)
blíadnai (dative singular)
blíadain (dative singular)
blíadnaib (dative dual)
blíadnaib (dative plural)
blíadain (mutation mutation-radical)
blíadain (mutation mutation-nasal)
mblíadain (mutation)

Irish: bliain

Manx: blein

Scottish Gaelic: bliadhna

[ˈbʲlʲiːa̯ðɨnʲ]

From Proto-Celtic *blēdanī (“year”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyd- (“pale”), though the semantic connection is weak. See also Lithuanian blaĩvas (“whitish, blue, sober”), Proto-West Germanic *blait, Albanian blehurë.
Celtic cognates include Cornish blydhen, Breton blizen, Welsh blwyddyn.


glenn

head

glenn n (genitive glinne, nominative plural glinne)

glinne (genitive)
glinne (nominative plural)
glenn (neuter nominative singular)
glenn (dual neuter nominative)
glinne (neuter nominative plural)
glenn (neuter singular vocative)
glenn (dual neuter vocative)
glinne (neuter plural vocative)
glenn (accusative neuter singular)
glenn (accusative dual neuter)
glinne (accusative neuter plural)
glinne (genitive neuter singular)
glinne (dual genitive neuter)
glinne (genitive neuter plural)
glinn (dative neuter singular)
glinnib (dative dual neuter)
glinnib (dative neuter plural)

Irish: gleann

Manx: glion

Scottish Gaelic: gleann

From Proto-Celtic *glendos (compare Welsh glyn).


glenn

·glenn (canonical)
(·)glenn (mutation mutation-radical)
(·)glenn (mutation mutation-nasal)
(·)nglenn (mutation)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


étan

étan (masculine nominative singular stem)
étan (dual masculine nominative stem)
étain (masculine nominative plural stem)
étain (masculine singular stem vocative)
étan (dual masculine stem vocative)
étanu (masculine plural stem vocative)
étan (accusative masculine singular stem)
étan (accusative dual masculine stem)
étanu (accusative masculine plural stem)
étain (genitive masculine singular stem)
étan (dual genitive masculine stem)
étan (genitive masculine plural stem)
étan (dative masculine singular stem)
étanaib (dative dual masculine stem)
étanaib (dative masculine plural stem)
étan (mutation mutation-radical)
n-étan (mutation)

Irish: éadan

Manx: eddin

Scottish Gaelic: aodann

From Proto-Celtic *antonos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“forehead”). Related to Latin antiae (“forelocks”). Compare Proto-Germanic *andijaz (“end”) and *umbi (“around”).


flechud

flechuid (genitive)
flechud (masculine nominative singular stem)
flechud (dual masculine nominative stem)
flechuid (masculine nominative plural stem)
flechuid (masculine singular stem vocative)
flechud (dual masculine stem vocative)
flechdu (masculine plural stem vocative)
flechud (accusative masculine singular stem)
flechud (accusative dual masculine stem)
flechdu (accusative masculine plural stem)
flechuid (genitive masculine singular stem)
flechud (dual genitive masculine stem)
flechud (genitive masculine plural stem)
flechud (dative masculine singular stem)
flechdaib (dative dual masculine stem)
flechdaib (dative masculine plural stem)

Middle Irish: fleochad

Manx: fliaghey


neim

head

neim n or f (genitive neime, nominative plural neimi)

neime (genitive)
neimi (nominative plural)
neim (nominative singular)
neim (dual nominative)
neimi (nominative plural)
neim (singular vocative)
neim (dual vocative)
neimi (plural vocative)
neim (accusative singular)
neim (accusative dual)
neimi (accusative plural)
neime (genitive singular)
neime (dual genitive)
neime (genitive plural)
neimim (dative singular)
neimib (dative dual)
neimib (dative plural)

Irish: nimh

Manx: nieu

Scottish Gaelic: nimh

From Proto-Celtic *neman, degeminated from Proto-Indo-European *nem-mn̥, from *nem- (“to distribute, give”) + *-mn̥ (verbal noun suffix). For the semantic relationship, compare German Gift (“poison, toxin”).


frém

frém f (genitive fréime, nominative plural fréma)

fréime (genitive)
fréma (nominative plural)
frém (nominative singular)
fréim (dual nominative)
fréma (nominative plural)
frém (singular vocative)
fréim (dual vocative)
fréma (plural vocative)
fréim (accusative singular)
fréim (accusative dual)
fréma (accusative plural)
fréime (genitive singular)
frém (dual genitive)
frém (genitive plural)
fréim (dative singular)
frémaib (dative dual)
frémaib (dative plural)
frém (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟrém (mutation mutation-nasal)
frém (mutation)

Middle Irish: frém, prém

Irish: fréamh, préamh

Manx: fraue

Scottish Gaelic: freumh

From Proto-Celtic *wridmā (compare Welsh greddf), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥h₂d-. Cognate with synonymous frén, from the same root with a different suffix.


sóer

sóer (masculine nominative singular)
sóer (feminine nominative singular)
sóer (neuter nominative singular)
soír (masculine singular vocative)
sóer (masculine singular vocative)
sóer (feminine singular vocative)
sóer (neuter singular vocative)
sóer (accusative masculine singular)
soír (accusative feminine singular)
sóer (accusative neuter singular)
soír (genitive masculine singular)
soíre (feminine genitive singular)
soír (genitive neuter singular)
sóer (dative masculine singular)
soír (dative feminine singular)
sóer (dative neuter singular)
soír (masculine nominative plural)
sóera (feminine neuter nominative plural)
sóeru (masculine plural vocative)
sóera (masculine plural vocative)
sóera (feminine neuter plural vocative)
sóeru (accusative masculine plural)
sóera (accusative masculine plural)
sóera (accusative feminine neuter plural)
sóer (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
sóeraib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: saor

Manx: seyr

Scottish Gaelic: saor

From Proto-Celtic *su-wiros (“good man”).


sóer

sóer m (genitive soír, nominative plural soír)

soír (genitive)
soír (nominative plural)
sóer (masculine nominative singular stem)
sóer (dual masculine nominative stem)
soír (masculine nominative plural stem)
soír (masculine singular stem vocative)
sóer (dual masculine stem vocative)
sóeru (masculine plural stem vocative)
sóer (accusative masculine singular stem)
sóer (accusative dual masculine stem)
sóeru (accusative masculine plural stem)
soír (genitive masculine singular stem)
sóer (dual genitive masculine stem)
sóer (genitive masculine plural stem)
sóer (dative masculine singular stem)
sóeraib (dative dual masculine stem)
sóeraib (dative masculine plural stem)
sóer (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡóer (mutation mutation-nasal)


bannae

bannae (nominative singular)
bannae (dual nominative)
bannai (nominative plural)
bannai (singular vocative)
bannae (dual vocative)
bannu (plural vocative)
bannae (accusative singular)
bannae (accusative dual)
bannu (accusative plural)
bannai (genitive singular)
bannae (dual genitive)
bannae (genitive plural)
bannu (dative singular)
bannaib (dative dual)
bannaib (dative plural)
bannae (mutation mutation-radical)
bannae (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbannae (mutation)

Middle Irish: bainne

Irish: bainne

Manx: bainney

Scottish Gaelic: bainne

From Proto-Celtic *bandyo- (“drop”), loaned from a source akin to Proto-Slavic *baňa (“bath”), Latin balneum (“bath”), all from Ancient Greek βαλανεῖον (balaneîon, “bath”). Also compared is Proto-Indo-Aryan *bindúṣ (“drop, particle, globule”), but Matasovic rejects this.
Brittonic cognates include Middle Cornish and Breton banne (“drop”).


tosach

head

tosach n (genitive tosaig, nominative plural tosge)

tosaig (genitive)
tosge (nominative plural)
tosach (nominative singular)
tosach (dual nominative)
tosach (nominative plural)
tosge (nominative plural)
tosach (singular vocative)
tosach (dual vocative)
tosach (plural vocative)
tosge (plural vocative)
tosach (accusative singular)
tosach (accusative dual)
tosach (accusative plural)
tosge (accusative plural)
tosaig (genitive singular)
tosach (dual genitive)
tosach (genitive plural)
tosuch (dative singular)
toschib (dative dual)
toschib (dative plural)
tosach (mutation mutation-radical)
thosach (mutation mutation-nasal)
tosach (mutation)

Irish: tosach

Manx: toshiaght

Scottish Gaelic: toiseach

From Proto-Celtic *towissākos, from either Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“lead”) or *weyd- (“know, see”).


cích

cích n (genitive cíche, nominative plural cíche)

cíche (genitive)
cíche (nominative plural)
cích (neuter nominative singular)
cích (dual neuter nominative)
cíche (neuter nominative plural)
cích (neuter singular vocative)
cích (dual neuter vocative)
cíche (neuter plural vocative)
cích (accusative neuter singular)
cích (accusative dual neuter)
cíche (accusative neuter plural)
cíche (genitive neuter singular)
cíche (dual genitive neuter)
cíche (genitive neuter plural)
cích (dative neuter singular)
cíchib (dative dual neuter)
cíchib (dative neuter plural)
cích (mutation mutation-radical)
chích (mutation mutation-nasal)
cích (mutation)

desctree

Middle Irish: cích f
Irish: cíoch
Manx: keeagh
Scottish Gaelic: cìoch

From Primitive Irish ᚉᚉᚔᚉᚐ (ccica-), from Proto-Celtic *kīkos (compare Welsh cig (“meat”)).


bás

bás (nominative singular)
bás (dual nominative)
bás (nominative plural)
bása (nominative plural)
bás (singular vocative)
bás (dual vocative)
bás (plural vocative)
bása (plural vocative)
bás (accusative singular)
bás (accusative dual)
bás (accusative plural)
bása (accusative plural)
báis (genitive singular)
bás (dual genitive)
bás (genitive plural)
bás (dative singular)
básaib (dative dual)
básaib (dative plural)
bás (mutation mutation-radical)
bás (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbás (mutation)

Middle Irish: bás
Irish: bás
Manx: baase
Scottish Gaelic: bàs

From Proto-Celtic *bāstom, bāssom, from either Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂- (“to go”) or *(s)gʷes- (“to extinguish”).

Ná eiplet húan bás coitchen húa n‑epil cách, acht foircniter húa sain-bás sech cách.

Let them not die by the common death by which everyone dies, but let them be ended by a special death different from everyone.


tús

tús (nominative singular)
tús (dual nominative)
túsae (nominative plural)
tús (singular vocative)
tús (dual vocative)
túsu (plural vocative)
tús (accusative singular)
tús (accusative dual)
túsu (accusative plural)
túso (genitive singular)
túsa (genitive singular)
túso (dual genitive)
túsa (dual genitive)
túsae (genitive plural)
tús (dative singular)
túsaib (dative dual)
túsaib (dative plural)
tús (mutation mutation-radical)
thús (mutation mutation-nasal)
tús (mutation)

Irish: tús

Scottish Gaelic: tùs

From Proto-Celtic *towissus, from either Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“lead”) or *weyd- (“know, see”).


scél

head

scél n (genitive scéuil, nominative plural scél or scéla or sceulu)

scéuil (genitive)
scél (nominative plural)
scéla (nominative plural)
sceulu (nominative plural)
scél (nominative singular)
scél (dual nominative)
scél (nominative plural)
scéla (nominative plural)
scél (singular vocative)
scél (dual vocative)
scél (plural vocative)
scéla (plural vocative)
scél (accusative singular)
scél (accusative dual)
scél (accusative plural)
scéla (accusative plural)
scéuil (genitive singular)
scél (dual genitive)
scél (genitive plural)
scéul (dative singular)
scélaib (dative dual)
scélaib (dative plural)

Irish: scéal

Manx: skeeal

Scottish Gaelic: sgeul

From Proto-Celtic *skʷetlom, from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”).

scélach

given to story-telling, gossiping, prattling

story told of a particular person, hence fame, reputation

happening, event, circumstance, state of affairs


cúan

cúan (nominative singular)
cúain (dual nominative)
cúana (nominative plural)
cúan (singular vocative)
cúain (dual vocative)
cúana (plural vocative)
cúain (accusative singular)
cúain (accusative dual)
cúana (accusative plural)
cúaine (genitive singular)
cúan (dual genitive)
cúan (genitive plural)
cúain (dative singular)
cúanaib (dative dual)
cúanaib (dative plural)
cúan (mutation mutation-radical)
chúan (mutation mutation-nasal)
cúan (mutation)

Middle Irish: cúan

If the original sense was "pack of animals, pups," formed from cú (“dog”). Or otherwise from Proto-Celtic *kounos, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂wp-o-, which is related to Proto-Slavic *kupъ (“heap”), possibly also Proto-Germanic *haupaz.


tét

tét (nominative singular)
tét (dual nominative)
tétae (nominative plural)
tét (singular vocative)
tét (dual vocative)
tétu (plural vocative)
tét (accusative singular)
tét (accusative dual)
tétu (accusative plural)
této (genitive singular)
téta (genitive singular)
této (dual genitive)
téta (dual genitive)
tétae (genitive plural)
tét (dative singular)
tétaib (dative dual)
tétaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: tét f

Irish: téad

Manx: tead

Scottish Gaelic: teud

From Proto-Celtic *tantus, from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch”). Cognate with Welsh tant.


tét

·tét (canonical)
tét (mutation mutation-radical)
thét (mutation mutation-nasal)
tét (mutation)

third-person singular imperative of téit

third-person singular present indicative conjunct of téit


béo

béo (masculine nominative singular)
béo (feminine nominative singular)
béo (neuter nominative singular)
bí (masculine singular vocative)
bíi (masculine singular vocative)
béo (masculine singular vocative)
béo (feminine singular vocative)
béo (neuter singular vocative)
béo (accusative masculine singular)
bí (accusative feminine singular)
bíi (accusative feminine singular)
béo (accusative neuter singular)
bí (genitive masculine singular)
bíi (genitive masculine singular)
bíe (feminine genitive singular)
bí (genitive neuter singular)
bíi (genitive neuter singular)
béo (dative masculine singular)
bí (dative feminine singular)
bíi (dative feminine singular)
béo (dative neuter singular)
bí (masculine nominative plural)
bíi (masculine nominative plural)
béoa (feminine neuter nominative plural)
béo (masculine plural vocative)
béoa (masculine plural vocative)
béoa (feminine neuter plural vocative)
béo (accusative masculine plural)
béoa (accusative masculine plural)
béoa (accusative feminine neuter plural)
béo (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
béoaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: beo

Manx: bio

Scottish Gaelic: beò

From Proto-Celtic *biwos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”), from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”). Compare Welsh byw.


béo

béo (masculine nominative singular stem)
béo (dual masculine nominative stem)
bí (masculine nominative plural stem)
bíi (masculine nominative plural stem)
bí (masculine singular stem vocative)
bíi (masculine singular stem vocative)
béo (dual masculine stem vocative)
béo (masculine plural stem vocative)
béo (accusative masculine singular stem)
béo (accusative dual masculine stem)
béo (accusative masculine plural stem)
bí (genitive masculine singular stem)
bíi (genitive masculine singular stem)
béo (dual genitive masculine stem)
béo (genitive masculine plural stem)
béo (dative masculine singular stem)
béoaib (dative dual masculine stem)
béoaib (dative masculine plural stem)


béo

first-person singular present subjunctive absolute and conjunct of at·tá


béo

béo (mutation mutation-radical)
béo (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbéo (mutation)

first-person singular preterite absolute of benaid


aingel

aingel (masculine nominative singular stem)
aingel (dual masculine nominative stem)
aingil (masculine nominative plural stem)
aingil (masculine singular stem vocative)
aingel (dual masculine stem vocative)
aingliu (masculine plural stem vocative)
aingel (accusative masculine singular stem)
aingel (accusative dual masculine stem)
aingliu (accusative masculine plural stem)
aingil (genitive masculine singular stem)
aingel (dual genitive masculine stem)
aingel (genitive masculine plural stem)
aingiul (dative masculine singular stem)
ainglib (dative dual masculine stem)
anglib (dative dual masculine stem)
ainglib (dative masculine plural stem)
anglib (dative masculine plural stem)

Irish: aingeal

Manx: ainle, aile

Scottish Gaelic: aingeal

Borrowed from Late Latin angelus, from Ancient Greek ἄγγελος (ángelos, “messenger”).


aingel

aingel (masculine nominative singular)
aingel (feminine nominative singular)
aingel (neuter nominative singular)
aingil (masculine singular vocative)
aingel (masculine singular vocative)
aingel (feminine singular vocative)
aingel (neuter singular vocative)
aingel (accusative masculine singular)
aingil (accusative feminine singular)
aingel (accusative neuter singular)
aingil (genitive masculine singular)
aingile (feminine genitive singular)
aingil (genitive neuter singular)
aingiul (dative masculine singular)
aingil (dative feminine singular)
aingiul (dative neuter singular)
aingil (masculine nominative plural)
aingela (feminine neuter nominative plural)
aingilu (masculine plural vocative)
aingela (masculine plural vocative)
aingela (feminine neuter plural vocative)
aingilu (accusative masculine plural)
aingela (accusative masculine plural)
aingela (accusative feminine neuter plural)
aingel (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
aingelaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)


aingel

aingel (masculine nominative singular)
aingel (feminine nominative singular)
aingel (neuter nominative singular)
aingil (masculine singular vocative)
aingel (masculine singular vocative)
aingel (feminine singular vocative)
aingel (neuter singular vocative)
aingel (accusative masculine singular)
aingil (accusative feminine singular)
aingel (accusative neuter singular)
aingil (genitive masculine singular)
aingile (feminine genitive singular)
aingil (genitive neuter singular)
aingiul (dative masculine singular)
aingil (dative feminine singular)
aingiul (dative neuter singular)
aingil (masculine nominative plural)
aingela (feminine neuter nominative plural)
aingilu (masculine plural vocative)
aingela (masculine plural vocative)
aingela (feminine neuter plural vocative)
aingilu (accusative masculine plural)
aingela (accusative masculine plural)
aingela (accusative feminine neuter plural)
aingel (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
aingelaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
aingel (mutation mutation-radical)
n-aingel (mutation)


folt

head

folt m (genitive fuilt, nominative plural fuilt)

fuilt (genitive)
fuilt (nominative plural)
folt (masculine nominative singular stem)
folt (dual masculine nominative stem)
fuilt (masculine nominative plural stem)
fuilt (masculine singular stem vocative)
folt (dual masculine stem vocative)
fultu (masculine plural stem vocative)
folt (accusative masculine singular stem)
folt (accusative dual masculine stem)
fultu (accusative masculine plural stem)
fuilt (genitive masculine singular stem)
folt (dual genitive masculine stem)
folt (genitive masculine plural stem)
folt (dative masculine singular stem)
foltaib (dative dual masculine stem)
foltaib (dative masculine plural stem)
folt (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟolt (mutation mutation-nasal)
folt (mutation)

Irish: folt

Manx: folt

Scottish Gaelic: falt

From Proto-Celtic *woltos (compare Cornish gols, Old Breton guolt, Welsh gwallt), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₂- (compare English wold, Lithuanian váltis (“oat awn”), Serbo-Croatian vlȃt (“ear (of wheat)”), Ancient Greek λάσιος (lásios, “hairy”)).


siur

siur f (genitive sethar, nominative plural sethir)

sethar (genitive)
sethir (nominative plural)
siur (nominative singular)
siair (dual nominative)
sieir (dual nominative)
sethir (nominative plural)
siur (singular vocative)
siair (dual vocative)
sieir (dual vocative)
sethra (plural vocative)
siair (accusative singular)
sieir (accusative singular)
siair (accusative dual)
sieir (accusative dual)
sethra (accusative plural)
sethar (genitive singular)
sethar (dual genitive)
sethar (genitive plural)
siair (dative singular)
sieir (dative singular)
sethraib (dative dual)
sethraib (dative plural)
siur (mutation mutation-radical)
phiur (mutation mutation-nasal)
fiur (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: siúr

Manx: shuyr

q

⇒ Scottish Gaelic: piuthar (back-formed from lenited form fiur, phiur)

From Proto-Celtic *swesūr, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.


búachaill

búachaill (nominative singular)
búachaill (dual nominative)
búachailli (nominative plural)
búachaill (singular vocative)
búachaill (dual vocative)
búachailli (plural vocative)
búachaill (accusative singular)
búachaill (accusative dual)
búachailli (accusative plural)
búachallo (genitive singular)
búachalla (genitive singular)
búachallo (dual genitive)
búachalla (dual genitive)
búachaille (genitive plural)
búachaill (dative singular)
búachaillib (dative dual)
búachaillib (dative plural)
búachaill (mutation mutation-radical)
búachaill (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbúachaill (mutation)

Irish: buachaill

Manx: bochilley

Scottish Gaelic: buachaill, buachaille

From Proto-Celtic *boukolyos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷowkólos (compare Ancient Greek βουκόλος (boukólos)), from *gʷṓws (“cow”) + *kʷel- (“to revolve, move around, sojourn”).


bolg

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bolg m (genitive builg, nominative plural builg)

builg (genitive)
builg (nominative plural)
bolg (masculine nominative singular stem)
bolg (dual masculine nominative stem)
builg (masculine nominative plural stem)
builg (masculine singular stem vocative)
bolg (dual masculine stem vocative)
bolgu (masculine plural stem vocative)
bolg (accusative masculine singular stem)
bolg (accusative dual masculine stem)
bolgu (accusative masculine plural stem)
builg (genitive masculine singular stem)
bolg (dual genitive masculine stem)
bolg (genitive masculine plural stem)
bolg (dative masculine singular stem)
bolgaib (dative dual masculine stem)
bolgaib (dative masculine plural stem)

desctree

Irish: bolg
→⇒ Yola: wurgheere (< bhoilg)

Manx: bolg

⇒ Scottish Gaelic: bolgan

⇒ Middle Irish: saigetbolc

From Proto-Celtic *bolgos (“belly”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”).


bolg

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bolg f (genitive unattested, nominative plural bolga)

bolga (nominative plural)
bolg (nominative singular)
builg (dual nominative)
bolga (nominative plural)
bolg (singular vocative)
builg (dual vocative)
bolga (plural vocative)
builg (accusative singular)
builg (accusative dual)
bolga (accusative plural)
builge (genitive singular)
bolg (dual genitive)
bolg (genitive plural)
builg (dative singular)
bolgaib (dative dual)
bolgaib (dative plural)
bolg (mutation mutation-radical)
bolg (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbolg (mutation)


Goídel

Goídel m (genitive Goídil, nominative plural Goídil)

Goídil (genitive)
Goídil (nominative plural)
Goídel (masculine nominative singular stem)
Goídel (dual masculine nominative stem)
Goídil (masculine nominative plural stem)
Goídil (masculine singular stem vocative)
Goídel (dual masculine stem vocative)
Goídelu (masculine plural stem vocative)
Goídel (accusative masculine singular stem)
Goídel (accusative dual masculine stem)
Goídelu (accusative masculine plural stem)
Goídil (genitive masculine singular stem)
Goídel (dual genitive masculine stem)
Goídel (genitive masculine plural stem)
Goídiul (dative masculine singular stem)
Goídelaib (dative dual masculine stem)
Goídelaib (dative masculine plural stem)
Goídel (mutation mutation-radical)
Goídel (mutation mutation-nasal)
nGoídel (mutation)

Middle Irish: Goídel, Gaídel

Irish: Gaoidheal, Gael

Manx: Gael

Scottish Gaelic: Gàidheal, earlier also Gaoidheal

/ˈɡoːi̯ðʲel/

From Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðel (the ancestor of Welsh Gwyddel (“Irishman”)), from Proto-Celtic *wēdus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”).
Medieval Irish traditions, including the Lebor Gabála Érenn, trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, Goídel Glas, but this is not held to be the actual etymology of the word.


Goídelc

Goídelc (nominative singular)
Goídelc (singular vocative)
Goídilc (accusative singular)
Goídilce (genitive singular)
Goídilc (dative singular)
Goídelc (mutation mutation-radical)
Goídelc (mutation mutation-nasal)
nGoídelc (mutation)

Middle Irish: Goídelc, Gaídelc

Classical Gaelic: Gaoidhealg

Irish: Gaeilge, Gaelainn, Gaeilic, pre-reform orthography Gaoidhilg, Gaedhilg, Gaedhilge

Manx: Gaelg, Gailck

Scottish Gaelic: Gàidhlig, earlier also Gaoidhlig

→ English: Goidelic

[ˈɡoːi̯ðʲelɡ]

Borrowed from Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðeleg (the ancestor of Welsh Gwyddeleg (“the Irish language”)) with unexpected syncope (instead of expected *Goídlec). See also Goídel, Welsh Gwyddel.


lóeg

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lóeg m (genitive loíg, nominative plural loíg)

loíg (genitive)
loíg (nominative plural)
lóeg (masculine nominative singular stem)
lóeg (dual masculine nominative stem)
loíg (masculine nominative plural stem)
loíg (masculine singular stem vocative)
lóeg (dual masculine stem vocative)
lóegu (masculine plural stem vocative)
lóeg (accusative masculine singular stem)
lóeg (accusative dual masculine stem)
lóegu (accusative masculine plural stem)
loíg (genitive masculine singular stem)
lóeg (dual genitive masculine stem)
lóeg (genitive masculine plural stem)
lóeg (dative masculine singular stem)
lóegaib (dative dual masculine stem)
lóegaib (dative masculine plural stem)
lóeg (mutation mutation-radical)
also llóeg after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
lóeg (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: lao

Manx: lheiy

Scottish Gaelic: laogh

From Proto-Celtic *lāɸigos (“calf”) (compare Welsh llo, Cornish leugh), diminutive from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂p- (“cattle”) (compare Latvian lùops (“cattle”), Albanian lopë (“cow”)).


úan

úan (masculine nominative singular stem)
úan (dual masculine nominative stem)
úain (masculine nominative plural stem)
úain (masculine singular stem vocative)
úan (dual masculine stem vocative)
úanu (masculine plural stem vocative)
úan (accusative masculine singular stem)
úan (accusative dual masculine stem)
úanu (accusative masculine plural stem)
úain (genitive masculine singular stem)
úan (dual genitive masculine stem)
úan (genitive masculine plural stem)
úan (dative masculine singular stem)
úanaib (dative dual masculine stem)
úanaib (dative masculine plural stem)

Irish: uan

Manx: eayn

Scottish Gaelic: uan

From Proto-Celtic *ognos (compare Welsh oen), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷnós (“lamb”).


úan

From Proto-Indo-European *pow-ino-, from *pu- (“to swell, blow”).


úan

Univerbation of úa (“from”) + sinn (“us”)

univ

first-person plural of úa; alternative spelling of úainn


úan

úan (mutation mutation-radical)
n-úan (mutation)

Univerbation of úa (“from”) + in (“the”, dative singular)


focul

focul (nominative singular)
focul (dual nominative)
focul (nominative plural)
focula (nominative plural)
focul (singular vocative)
focul (dual vocative)
focul (plural vocative)
focula (plural vocative)
focul (accusative singular)
focul (accusative dual)
focul (accusative plural)
focula (accusative plural)
focuil (genitive singular)
focul (dual genitive)
focul (genitive plural)
focul (dative singular)
foculaib (dative dual)
foculaib (dative plural)
focul (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟocul (mutation mutation-nasal)
focul (mutation)

Irish: focal

Manx: fockle

Scottish Gaelic: facal

Once thought to be a loanword from Latin vocābulum (“appellation, designation”), but more likely a native word from Proto-Celtic *woxtlom (compare Welsh gwaethl (“argument”)), from Proto-Indo-European *wokʷtlom (compare Sanskrit वक्त्र (vaktrá, “mouth”)), from *wekʷ- (“to speak”). The older theory was defended in the print edition of Matasović’s dictionary, but the online Addenda et Corrigenda reflect the newer theory.


glún

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glún n (genitive glúne or glúnae, nominative plural glúne or glúnae)

glúne (genitive)
glúnae (genitive)
glúne (nominative plural)
glúnae (nominative plural)
glún (neuter nominative singular)
glún (dual neuter nominative)
glúnae (neuter nominative plural)
glún (neuter singular vocative)
glún (dual neuter vocative)
glúnae (neuter plural vocative)
glún (accusative neuter singular)
glún (accusative dual neuter)
glúnae (accusative neuter plural)
glúnae (genitive neuter singular)
glúnae (dual genitive neuter)
glúnae (genitive neuter plural)
glúin (dative neuter singular)
glúnaib (dative dual neuter)
glúnaib (dative neuter plural)
glún (mutation mutation-radical)
glún (mutation mutation-nasal)
nglún (mutation)

Irish: glúin

Manx: glioon

Scottish Gaelic: glùin

From Proto-Celtic *glūnos (dissimilated from earlier *gnūnos), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu.


glúin

glúin (mutation mutation-radical)
glúin (mutation mutation-nasal)
nglúin (mutation)


claideb

claideb m (genitive claidib, nominative plural claidib)

claidib (genitive)
claidib (nominative plural)
claideb (masculine nominative singular stem)
claideb (dual masculine nominative stem)
claidib (masculine nominative plural stem)
claidib (masculine singular stem vocative)
claideb (dual masculine stem vocative)
claidbiu (masculine plural stem vocative)
claideb (accusative masculine singular stem)
claideb (accusative dual masculine stem)
claidbiu (accusative masculine plural stem)
claidib (genitive masculine singular stem)
claideb (dual genitive masculine stem)
claideb (genitive masculine plural stem)
claidiub (dative masculine singular stem)
claidbib (dative dual masculine stem)
claidbib (dative masculine plural stem)
claideb (mutation mutation-radical)
chlaideb (mutation mutation-nasal)
claideb (mutation)

Middle Irish: claidem

Irish: claíomh, claidheamh

Manx: cliwe

Scottish Gaelic: claidheamh

From Proto-Celtic *kladiwos. Compare Welsh cleddyf, Breton klezeñv.


láech

láech (masculine nominative singular stem)
láech (dual masculine nominative stem)
laích (masculine nominative plural stem)
laích (masculine singular stem vocative)
láech (dual masculine stem vocative)
láechu (masculine plural stem vocative)
láech (accusative masculine singular stem)
láech (accusative dual masculine stem)
láechu (accusative masculine plural stem)
laích (genitive masculine singular stem)
láech (dual genitive masculine stem)
láech (genitive masculine plural stem)
láech (dative masculine singular stem)
láechaib (dative dual masculine stem)
láechaib (dative masculine plural stem)
láech (mutation mutation-radical)
also lláech after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
láech (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: laoch

Scottish Gaelic: laoch

Borrowed from Late Latin lāicus (“lay, layman, laic”), from Ancient Greek λαϊκός (laïkós, “of the people”), from λαός (laós, “the people”).
The sense warrior may be from Proto-Celtic *lāyko- (Matasović, 2009).


Lugnasad

Irish: Lúnasa

Manx: Luanistyn

Scottish Gaelic: Lùnasdal


túath

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túath f (genitive túaithe, nominative plural túatha)

túaithe (genitive)
túatha (nominative plural)
túath (nominative singular)
túaith (dual nominative)
túatha (nominative plural)
túath (singular vocative)
túaith (dual vocative)
túatha (plural vocative)
túaith (accusative singular)
túaith (accusative dual)
túatha (accusative plural)
túaithe (genitive singular)
túath (dual genitive)
túath (genitive plural)
túaith (dative singular)
túathaib (dative dual)
túathaib (dative plural)

Irish: tuath

Manx: theay

Scottish Gaelic: tuath

From Proto-Celtic *toutā, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂.


túath

Irish: thuaidh

Manx: twoaie

Scottish Gaelic: Tuath

túath (mutation mutation-radical)
thúath (mutation mutation-nasal)
túath (mutation)


saírse

saírse (nominative singular)
saírse (dual nominative)
saírsi (nominative plural)
saírsi (singular vocative)
saírse (dual vocative)
saírsiu (plural vocative)
saírse (accusative singular)
saírse (accusative dual)
saírsiu (accusative plural)
saírsi (genitive singular)
saírse (dual genitive)
saírse (genitive plural)
saírsiu (dative singular)
saírsib (dative dual)
saírsib (dative plural)
saírse (nominative singular)
saírse (dual nominative)
saírse (nominative plural)
saírse (singular vocative)
saírse (dual vocative)
saírse (plural vocative)
saírse (accusative singular)
saírse (accusative dual)
saírse (accusative plural)
saírsi (genitive singular)
saírse (dual genitive)
saírse (genitive plural)
saírsiu (dative singular)
saírsib (dative dual)
saírsib (dative plural)
saírse (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡaírse (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: saoirse

Manx: seyrsnys

Scottish Gaelic: saorsa