tol

head

tol f (genitive toile or tuile, nominative plural tola)

toile (genitive)
tuile (genitive)
tola (nominative plural)
tol (nominative singular)
toil (dual nominative)
tuil (dual nominative)
tola (nominative plural)
tol (singular vocative)
toil (dual vocative)
tuil (dual vocative)
tola (plural vocative)
toil (accusative singular)
tuil (accusative singular)
toil (accusative dual)
tuil (accusative dual)
tola (accusative plural)
toile (genitive singular)
tuile (genitive singular)
tol (dual genitive)
tol (genitive plural)
toil (dative singular)
tuil (dative singular)
tolaib (dative dual)
tolaib (dative plural)
tol (mutation mutation-radical)
thol (mutation mutation-nasal)
tol (mutation)

Middle Irish: toil, tail

Irish: toil

Manx: toill

Scottish Gaelic: toil

Unknown. MacBain associates it with Proto-Indo-European *telh₂- (“to bear, endure”), but the semantic connection is tenuous.
The form toil was originally the accusative singular, while the form tuil was the dative singular. But both forms were already confused in the Glosses.

der

Níbo in tain no·mbeid ar súil tantum do·gneith toil far coimded.

It must not be when you pl are seen (by him) only that you do your master’s will.

massu thol atom·aig dó; manid ar lóg

if it is desire that drives me to it; if it is not for pay


sens

sens (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡens (mutation mutation-nasal)

Alternative spelling of séns: alternative form of síans


ainm

ainm (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ainm (mutation)


aille

head

aille f (genitive aille, nominative plural ailli)

aille (genitive)
ailli (nominative plural)
aille (nominative singular)
ailli (dual nominative)
ailli (nominative plural)
aille (singular vocative)
ailli (dual vocative)
ailli (plural vocative)
ailli (accusative singular)
ailli (accusative dual)
ailli (accusative plural)
aille (genitive singular)
aille (dual genitive)
aille (genitive plural)
ailli (dative singular)
aillib (dative dual)
aillib (dative plural)
aille (mutation mutation-radical)
n-aille (mutation)

Gabis ailli.
He praised.


ner

ner m (genitive neir, nominative plural neir)

neir (genitive)
neir (nominative plural)
ner (masculine nominative singular stem)
ner (dual masculine nominative stem)
neir (masculine nominative plural stem)
neir (masculine singular stem vocative)
ner (dual masculine stem vocative)
neuru (masculine plural stem vocative)
ner (accusative masculine singular stem)
ner (accusative dual masculine stem)
neuru (accusative masculine plural stem)
neir (genitive masculine singular stem)
ner (dual genitive masculine stem)
ner (genitive masculine plural stem)
neur (dative masculine singular stem)
neraib (dative dual masculine stem)
neraib (dative masculine plural stem)
ner (mutation mutation-radical)
also nner after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
ner (mutation mutation-nasal)

Possibly from Proto-Celtic *neros (“hero”) (compare Middle Welsh ner (“chief, hero”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nḗr (“man, male”).
Witczak rejects this explanation, deriving the word instead from a Proto-Celtic *eɸros (“boar”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epros (“boar”) (Old English eofor, Latin aper, Old Church Slavonic вепрь (veprĭ)), with the n- arising from rebracketing of the demonstrative-final n in accusative *ton eɸron, i.e. overgeneralisation of the nasal mutation. However, Witczak’s explanation ignores the fact that the cluster *‑ɸr- became *‑br- in Proto-Celtic, meaning that a ^×(n)eɸros should become ^×(n)ebros and Old Irish ^×(n)ebar.


biter

·biter (canonical)
·biter (mutation mutation-radical)
·biter (mutation mutation-nasal)
·mbiter (mutation)

third-person plural future passive conjunct of benaid


cuit

cuit (nominative singular)
cuit (dual nominative)
cuiti (nominative plural)
cuit (singular vocative)
cuit (dual vocative)
cuiti (plural vocative)
cuit (accusative singular)
cuit (accusative dual)
cuiti (accusative plural)
coto (genitive singular)
cota (genitive singular)
coto (dual genitive)
cota (dual genitive)
cuite (genitive plural)
cuit (dative singular)
cuitib (dative dual)
cuitib (dative plural)
cuit (mutation mutation-radical)
chuit (mutation mutation-nasal)
cuit (mutation)

Middle Irish: cuit

Irish: cuid

Manx: cooid

Scottish Gaelic: cuid

From Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis (compare Welsh peth (“thing”), Breton pezh (“piece”)).


nime

nime (mutation mutation-radical)
also nnime after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
nime (mutation mutation-nasal)

inflection of nem:
nominative/vocative/accusative plural


fess

·fess (canonical)
·fess (mutation mutation-radical)
·ḟess (mutation mutation-nasal)
·fess (mutation)

From Proto-Celtic *wid-to-m; akin to Welsh gwys and Middle Breton gous.

passive singular perfect prototonic of ro·finnadar


Dia

Dia (mutation mutation-radical)
Dia (mutation mutation-nasal)
nDia (mutation)


Lug

Loga (genitive)
Lug (nominative singular)
Lug (singular vocative)
Lug (accusative singular)
Logo (genitive singular)
Loga (genitive singular)
Lug (dative singular)

desctree

Irish: Lú, Lugh (superseded)
→ English: Lugh

Scottish Gaelic: Lùgh

From Primitive Irish ᚂᚒᚌ (lug), from Proto-Celtic *Lugus.


Mana

head

Mana f (genitive Manann, dative Manainn)

Manann (genitive)
Manainn (dative)
Mana (mutation mutation-radical)
also Mmana after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
Mana (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: Manainn

Manx: Mannin

Scottish Gaelic: Manainn

→ Breton: Manav

→ Cornish: Manow

→ Old Norse: Mǫn

→ Welsh: Manaw

Cognate with the Celtic names of other isles having mountains, from Proto-Celtic *moniyos (related to Welsh mynydd, Cornish menydh, Breton menez), from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to tower, stand out”) (compare Latin mōns).

der

Isle of Man (an island in the British Isles)


Mart

Irish: Márta

Manx: Mayrnt

Scottish Gaelic: Màrt

Mart (mutation mutation-radical)
also Mmart after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
Mart (mutation mutation-nasal)


feb

head

feb f (genitive feibe, nominative plural feba)

feibe (genitive)
feba (nominative plural)
feb (nominative singular)
feib (dual nominative)
feba (nominative plural)
feb (singular vocative)
feib (dual vocative)
feba (plural vocative)
feib (accusative singular)
feib (accusative dual)
feba (accusative plural)
feibe (genitive singular)
feb (dual genitive)
feb (genitive plural)
feib (dative singular)
febaib (dative dual)
febaib (dative plural)
feb (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟeb (mutation mutation-nasal)
feb (mutation)

From Proto-Celtic *weswā, a derivative of Proto-Celtic *wesus (“excellent”).


huile

huile (masculine nominative singular)
huile (feminine nominative singular)
huile (neuter nominative singular)
huili (masculine singular vocative)
huile (feminine singular vocative)
huile (neuter singular vocative)
huile (accusative masculine singular)
huili (accusative feminine singular)
huile (accusative neuter singular)
huili (genitive masculine singular)
huile (feminine genitive singular)
huili (genitive neuter singular)
huiliu (dative masculine singular)
huili (dative feminine singular)
huiliu (dative neuter singular)
huili (masculine nominative plural)
huili (feminine neuter nominative plural)
huili (masculine plural vocative)
huiliu (masculine plural vocative)
huili (feminine neuter plural vocative)
huili (accusative masculine plural)
huiliu (accusative masculine plural)
huili (accusative feminine neuter plural)
huile (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
huilib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
huile (mutation mutation-radical)
nhuile (mutation)


áith

áith (equative áthithir, comparative áithiu, superlative áithem)

áthithir (equative)
áithiu (comparative)
áithem (superlative)
áith (masculine nominative singular)
áith (feminine nominative singular)
áith (neuter nominative singular)
áith (masculine singular vocative)
áith (feminine singular vocative)
áith (neuter singular vocative)
áith (accusative masculine singular)
áith (accusative feminine singular)
áith (accusative neuter singular)
áith (genitive masculine singular)
áithe (feminine genitive singular)
áith (genitive neuter singular)
áith (dative masculine singular)
áith (dative feminine singular)
áith (dative neuter singular)
áithi (masculine nominative plural)
áithi (feminine neuter nominative plural)
áithi (masculine plural vocative)
áithi (feminine neuter plural vocative)
áithi (accusative masculine plural)
áithi (accusative feminine neuter plural)
áith (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
áithib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Middle Irish: áith

Irish: áith

table
From Proto-Celtic *atti-, ultimately from the root of aiteann (“gorse”).

amal in scrissid .i. amal in n-altain n-áith [translating rasorium acutum].

Like the scraper, i.e. like the sharp razor.


áith

átho (genitive)
áith (nominative singular)
áith (dual nominative)
áthai (nominative plural)
áith (singular vocative)
áith (dual vocative)
áthai (plural vocative)
áith (accusative singular)
áith (accusative dual)
áthai (accusative plural)
átho (genitive singular)
átha (genitive singular)
átho (dual genitive)
átha (dual genitive)
áthae (genitive plural)
áith (dative singular)
áthaib (dative dual)
áthaib (dative plural)
áith (mutation mutation-radical)
n-áith (mutation)

Middle Irish: áith

Irish: áith

Scottish Gaelic: àth

Manx: aiee

table
From Proto-Celtic *ātis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₁-.


andes

Middle Irish: anes, aness

Irish: aneas

Manx: niass

Scottish Gaelic: a deas

Amal rund·gab slíab Sión andes ⁊ antúaid du⟨n⟩ chath⟨raig⟩ dïa dítin, sic rund·gabsat ar ṅdá thoíb du dítin ar n-inmedónach-ni.

As Mount Sion is located on the south and the north of the city to protect it, so are our two sides there to protect our insides.


molt

molt m (genitive muilt, nominative plural muilt)

muilt (genitive)
muilt (nominative plural)
molt (masculine nominative singular stem)
molt (dual masculine nominative stem)
muilt (masculine nominative plural stem)
muilt (masculine singular stem vocative)
molt (dual masculine stem vocative)
moltu (masculine plural stem vocative)
molt (accusative masculine singular stem)
molt (accusative dual masculine stem)
moltu (accusative masculine plural stem)
muilt (genitive masculine singular stem)
molt (dual genitive masculine stem)
molt (genitive masculine plural stem)
molt (dative masculine singular stem)
moltaib (dative dual masculine stem)
moltaib (dative masculine plural stem)
molt (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmolt after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
molt (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: molt

Manx: mohlt

Scottish Gaelic: mult

From Proto-Celtic *moltos (“sheep”) (compare Welsh mollt, Gaulish *multon-, source of French mouton).


mo

Irish: mo

Scottish Gaelic: mo

Manx: my

From Proto-Celtic *mene, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁mene, genitive of *éǵh₂. The Goidelic forms came from *mene being remodelled into *mowe by analogy with *towe (“your”) (whence do (“your”)).

Mad ar lóg pridcha-sa, .i. ar m’étiuth et mo thoschith, ním·bia fochricc dar hési mo precepte.

If I preach for pay, that is, for my clothing and my sustenance, I shall not have a reward for my teaching.

Fu·lilsain-se .i. matis mu námait duda·gnetis ⁊ maniptis mu chara⟨i⟩t duda·gnetis.

I would have endured, i.e. if it had been my enemies who did them and if it had not been my friends who did them.


sam

sam (masculine nominative singular stem)
saim (masculine singular stem vocative)
sam (accusative masculine singular stem)
saim (genitive masculine singular stem)
sam (dative masculine singular stem)
sam (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡam (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *samos (“summer”) (compare Welsh haf), from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ó- (compare Old English sumor, Old Armenian ամառն (amaṙn)).


oí

oí (nominative singular)
aí (nominative singular)
oí (dual nominative)
aí (dual nominative)
oí (nominative plural)
aí (nominative plural)
oí (singular vocative)
aí (singular vocative)
oí (dual vocative)
aí (dual vocative)
oí (plural vocative)
aí (plural vocative)
oí (accusative singular)
aí (accusative singular)
oí (accusative dual)
aí (accusative dual)
oí (accusative plural)
aí (accusative plural)
óe (genitive singular)
óe (dual genitive)
óe (genitive plural)
oí (dative singular)
aí (dative singular)
oíb (dative dual)
oíb (dative plural)

From Proto-Celtic *owis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis.


oí

oí (mutation mutation-radical)
n-oí (mutation)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


tartar

·tartar (canonical)
·tartar (mutation mutation-radical)
·thartar (mutation mutation-nasal)
·tartar (mutation)

passive singular present subjunctive perfective prototonic of do·beir


béra

·béra (canonical)
béra (mutation mutation-radical)
béra (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbéra (mutation)

third-person singular future conjunct of beirid


allas

allais (genitive)
allas (nominative singular)
allas (singular vocative)
allas (accusative singular)
allais (genitive singular)
allas (dative singular)
allas (mutation mutation-radical)
n-allas (mutation)

Irish: allas

Manx: ollish

Scottish Gaelic: allas

From Proto-Celtic *alnostus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elh₁- (“heat”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀλέᾱ (aléā, “body heat, warmth”).


ís

íssum (first-person singular)
íssa (dative masculine neuter singular third-person)

⇒ Irish: aníos, síos, thíos

⇒ Scottish Gaelic: nìos, shìos, sìos

From Proto-Celtic *ɸīssu, from Proto-Indo-European *pedsú, locative plural of *pṓds (“foot”).

Patrick's Hymn, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, p. 350, line 17

Let there be a bridge of life beneath me, [and] the blessing of God the Father above me.

Drochet bethad bīd íssum bennacht Dé athar úasum.

Patrick's Hymn, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, p. 357, line 15

Christ in me, Christ below me, Christ above me

hís bronnait

under a small belly (glossing Latin infra ventriculum)


corp

head

corp m (genitive coirp or cuirp, nominative plural coirp or cuirp)

coirp (genitive)
cuirp (genitive)
coirp (nominative plural)
cuirp (nominative plural)
corp (masculine nominative singular stem)
corp (dual masculine nominative stem)
coirp (masculine nominative plural stem)
cuirp (masculine nominative plural stem)
coirp (masculine singular stem vocative)
cuirp (masculine singular stem vocative)
corp (dual masculine stem vocative)
curpu (masculine plural stem vocative)
corp (accusative masculine singular stem)
corp (accusative dual masculine stem)
curpu (accusative masculine plural stem)
coirp (genitive masculine singular stem)
cuirp (genitive masculine singular stem)
corp (dual genitive masculine stem)
corp (genitive masculine plural stem)
curp (dative masculine singular stem)
corpaib (dative dual masculine stem)
corpaib (dative masculine plural stem)
corp (mutation mutation-radical)
chorp (mutation mutation-nasal)
corp (mutation)

Irish: corp

Manx: corp

Scottish Gaelic: corp

Béoigidir in spirut in corp in fecht so.


cert

certu (comparative)
cert (masculine nominative singular)
cert (feminine nominative singular)
cert (neuter nominative singular)
cirt (masculine singular vocative)
cert (masculine singular vocative)
cert (feminine singular vocative)
cert (neuter singular vocative)
cert (accusative masculine singular)
cirt (accusative feminine singular)
cert (accusative neuter singular)
cirt (genitive masculine singular)
cirte (feminine genitive singular)
cirt (genitive neuter singular)
cert (dative masculine singular)
cirt (dative masculine singular)
cirt (dative feminine singular)
cert (dative neuter singular)
cirt (dative neuter singular)
cirt (masculine nominative plural)
certa (feminine neuter nominative plural)
certu (masculine plural vocative)
certa (masculine plural vocative)
certa (feminine neuter plural vocative)
certu (accusative masculine plural)
certa (accusative masculine plural)
certa (accusative feminine neuter plural)
cert (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
certaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

sga-decl-adj-table

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

exact, precise (of numbers, quantities etc.)


cert

cert (nominative singular)
cert (dual nominative)
cert (nominative plural)
certa (nominative plural)
cert (singular vocative)
cert (dual vocative)
cert (plural vocative)
certa (plural vocative)
cert (accusative singular)
cert (accusative dual)
cert (accusative plural)
certa (accusative plural)
cirt (genitive singular)
cert (dual genitive)
cert (genitive plural)
cert (dative singular)
cirt (dative singular)
certaib (dative dual)
certaib (dative plural)
cert (masculine nominative singular stem)
cert (dual masculine nominative stem)
cirt (masculine nominative plural stem)
cirt (masculine singular stem vocative)
cert (dual masculine stem vocative)
certu (masculine plural stem vocative)
cert (accusative masculine singular stem)
cert (accusative dual masculine stem)
certu (accusative masculine plural stem)
cirt (genitive masculine singular stem)
cert (dual genitive masculine stem)
cert (genitive masculine plural stem)
cert (dative masculine singular stem)
cirt (dative masculine singular stem)
certaib (dative dual masculine stem)
certaib (dative masculine plural stem)
cert (mutation mutation-radical)
chert (mutation mutation-nasal)
cert (mutation)

Irish: ceart

Manx: kiart

Scottish Gaelic: ceart

(in quasi-legal sense) right, claim, entitlement


midi

midi (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmidi after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
midi (mutation mutation-nasal)


lib

Níba cuit adíll ⁊ cucuibsi, acht ainfa lib, ar nídad foirbthi-si; it foirbthi immurgu Macidonii.

It will not be merely a passing visit to you pl, but I will remain with you, for you are not perfect; the Macedonians, however, are perfect.


int

nominative singular masculine (before a vowel)

genitive singular masculine/neuter (before ṡ)

inflection of in:
nominative singular feminine (before ṡ)

inflection of in:
nominative plural masculine (before ṡ)


precept

precepte (genitive)
precept (nominative singular)
precept (dual nominative)
preceupt (dual nominative)
precepta (nominative plural)
precept (singular vocative)
precept (dual vocative)
preceupt (dual vocative)
precepta (plural vocative)
precept (accusative singular)
preceupt (accusative singular)
precept (accusative dual)
preceupt (accusative dual)
precepta (accusative plural)
precepte (genitive singular)
preceptae (genitive singular)
precept (dual genitive)
precept (genitive plural)
precept (dative singular)
preceupt (dative singular)
preceptaib (dative dual)
preceptaib (dative plural)
precept (mutation mutation-radical)
phrecept (mutation mutation-nasal)
or unchanged (mutation mutation-nasal)
precept (mutation)

Borrowed from Late Latin praeceptum, form of praecipiō (“to teach”), from prae (“pre-”) + capiō (“take”).


cerca

cerca (mutation mutation-radical)
cherca (mutation mutation-nasal)
cerca (mutation)

nominative and vocative and accusative plural of cerc


cet

head

cet (indeclinable in the early language, with the copula)

in the early language (indeclinable)
cet (mutation mutation-radical)
chet (mutation mutation-nasal)
cet (mutation)

Irish: cead

Scottish Gaelic: cead


Tailtiu

Tailten (genitive)
Tailtiu (nominative singular)
Tailtiu (singular vocative)
Tailtin (accusative singular)
Tailten (genitive singular)
Tailtin (dative singular)
Tailtiu (dative singular)

Middle Irish: Tailtiu

Irish: Tailtin

→ English: Teltown

→ English: Tailtiu

Teltown (a town in County Meath, Ireland)

(Irish mythology) A goddess in Irish mythology originally serving as a personification of the town.


recto

recto (mutation mutation-radical)
also rrecto after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
recto (mutation mutation-nasal)

Alternative spelling of rechto: genitive singular/dual of rect


ara

Univerbation of ar (“for (the sake of), because of”) + a (“the”, neuter accusative singular)

univerbation

for (the sake of) the, because of the (neuter accusative singular)


ara

head

ara (‘his’ and ‘its’ trigger lenition, ‘her’ triggers /h/-prothesis, ‘their’ triggers eclipsis)

Univerbation of ar (“for (the sake of), because of”) + a (“his/her/their”)

univerbation

for (the sake of) his/her/its/their, because of his/her/its/their


ara

head

ara· (triggers lenition in direct relative clauses and eclipsis in indirect relative clauses)

ar (“for (the sake of), because of”) + -a (relative pronoun)

af

for (the sake of) whom/which, because of whom/which


ara

head

ara (negative arna or arná or arnacon or arnachon)

arna (negative)
arná (negative)
arnacon (negative)
arnachon (negative)

Gigeste-si Día linn ara·fulsam ar fochidi.

You pl will pray to God for us so that we may endure our sufferings.

coní·árim-se peccad libsi uili, ꝉ ara·tart-sa fortacht dúibsi, arnap trom fuirib for n‑oínur

so that I may not count sin with you all, or so that I may give aid to you lest it be heavy on you by yourselves

In tan imme·romastar són nach noíb, ara cuintea dílgud Dé isind aimsir sin.

That is, when any saint sins, that he may seek the forgiveness of God at that time.

He reveals this and shows a common exhortation to everyone, i.e. that everyone should pray to God as he did, and that he will hear him […]

Foilsigidir són ⁊ do·adbat nertad coitchen do chách .i. ara·ngé cách Día amal dund·rigni-som ⁊ rond·cechladar […]


breg

breg (mutation mutation-radical)
breg (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbreg (mutation)


linn

Cit comṡuidigthi la Grécu ní écen dúnni beta comṡuidigthi linn.

Although they are compounds in Greek (lit. “with the Greeks”), it is not necessary for us that they be compounds in our language (lit. “with us”).


rega

·rega (canonical)
rega (mutation mutation-radical)
also rrega after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
rega (mutation mutation-nasal)

first-person singular future absolute of téit

third-person singular future conjunct of téit


án

áine (genitive)
án (nominative singular)
án (singular vocative)
áin (accusative singular)
áine (genitive singular)
áin (dative singular)
án (mutation mutation-radical)
n-án (mutation)


brú

brú (nominative singular)
broinn (dual nominative)
broinn (nominative plural)
brú (singular vocative)
broinn (dual vocative)
bronna (plural vocative)
broinn (accusative singular)
broinn (accusative dual)
bronna (accusative plural)
bronn (genitive singular)
bronn (dual genitive)
bronn (genitive plural)
broinn (dative singular)
brú (dative singular)
bronnaib (dative dual)
bronnaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: broinn

Irish: broinn


brú

brú (mutation mutation-radical)
brú (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbrú (mutation)


sidi

side (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡide (mutation mutation-nasal)

genitive singular masculine/neuter unstressed

inflection of suide:
accusative singular feminine unstressed

inflection of suide:
nominative/accusative plural unstressed


og

og n or m or f (genitive ugae, nominative plural ugae)

ugae (genitive)
ugae (nominative plural)
og (neuter nominative singular)
og (dual neuter nominative)
ugae (neuter nominative plural)
og (neuter singular vocative)
og (dual neuter vocative)
ugae (neuter plural vocative)
og (accusative neuter singular)
og (accusative dual neuter)
ugae (accusative neuter plural)
ugae (genitive neuter singular)
ugae (dual genitive neuter)
ugae (genitive neuter plural)
uig (dative neuter singular)
ugaib (dative dual neuter)
ugaib (dative neuter plural)
og (mutation mutation-radical)
n-og (mutation)

Irish: ubh

Manx: ooh

Scottish Gaelic: ugh

Uncertain. Originally a neuter s-stem, perhaps *ugos. Apparently not from Proto-Celtic *āuyom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.


í

deictic particle, used mostly in combination with the definite article or a demonstrative determiner/pronoun


ár

ár (nominative plural)
ára (nominative plural)
ár (nominative singular)
ár (dual nominative)
ár (nominative plural)
ára (nominative plural)
ár (singular vocative)
ár (dual vocative)
ár (plural vocative)
ára (plural vocative)
ár (accusative singular)
ár (accusative dual)
ár (accusative plural)
ára (accusative plural)
áir (genitive singular)
ár (dual genitive)
ár (genitive plural)
ár (dative singular)
áraib (dative dual)
áirib (dative dual)
áraib (dative plural)
áirib (dative plural)
ár (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ár (mutation)

Irish: ár

Manx: haar

Scottish Gaelic: àr

From Proto-Celtic *agrom (“slaughter”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵro- (“hunt”); compare Ancient Greek ἄγρᾱ (ágrā, “hunt”), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬭𐬋𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬜𐬍 (azrōdaⁱδī, “hunt”).

donaib araib
glosses ad strages

du ár
glosses ad cedem

etarcnae áir mo namat
glosses de cede hostium


bera

·bera (canonical)
bera (mutation mutation-radical)
bera (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbera (mutation)

third-person singular present subjunctive conjunct of beirid


rót

rót (masculine nominative singular stem)
rót (dual masculine nominative stem)
róit (masculine nominative plural stem)
róit (masculine singular stem vocative)
rót (dual masculine stem vocative)
rótu (masculine plural stem vocative)
rót (accusative masculine singular stem)
rót (accusative dual masculine stem)
rótu (accusative masculine plural stem)
róit (genitive masculine singular stem)
rót (dual genitive masculine stem)
rót (genitive masculine plural stem)
rout (dative masculine singular stem)
rótaib (dative dual masculine stem)
rótaib (dative masculine plural stem)
rót (mutation mutation-radical)
also rrót after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
rót (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: ród

Manx: raad

Scottish Gaelic: rathad

According to Alexander MacBain, a Germanic borrowing from Middle English roade (see modern English road), but 9th century Sanas Cormaic suggests the word was originally disyllabic in Old Irish—rout, IPA⁽ᵏᵉʸ⁾: /ro.ud/—(as it is in Scottish Gaelic rathad), deriving it from ro-ṡét, from ro- (“very, great”) + sét (“path”), from Proto-Celtic *φro-sentu-.


fet

fet f (genitive fite or feite, nominative plural feta)

fite (genitive)
feite (genitive)
feta (nominative plural)
fet (nominative singular)
fit (dual nominative)
feta (nominative plural)
fet (singular vocative)
fit (dual vocative)
feta (plural vocative)
fit (accusative singular)
fit (accusative dual)
feta (accusative plural)
fite (genitive singular)
fet (dual genitive)
fet (genitive plural)
fit (dative singular)
fetaib (dative dual)
fetaib (dative plural)
fet (nominative singular)
feit (dual nominative)
feta (nominative plural)
fet (singular vocative)
feit (dual vocative)
feta (plural vocative)
feit (accusative singular)
feit (accusative dual)
feta (accusative plural)
feite (genitive singular)
fet (dual genitive)
fet (genitive plural)
feit (dative singular)
fetaib (dative dual)
fetaib (dative plural)
fet (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟet (mutation mutation-nasal)
fet (mutation)

Irish: fead

Manx: fed

Scottish Gaelic: fead

From Proto-Celtic *swizdā, from Proto-Celtic *swizdeti (“to blow”). Related to Old Irish séitid and Welsh chwythu (“to blow”), Breton c'hwezh and Welsh chwyth (“breath”).

is cosmart do rétaib ind ḟet

whistling, hissing, the sound of a sword cleaving the air


bein

bein (mutation mutation-radical)
bein (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbein (mutation)


a

table
From Proto-Celtic *sosim (“this”).

nominative/accusative singular neuter of in


a

Irish: a

Scottish Gaelic: a


a

aí (predicative)
áe (predicative)
in the masculine and neuter singular (triggers-lenition)

Irish: a (“his, her, its, their”)

Scottish Gaelic: a (“his, her, its”); an (“their”)

table
From Proto-Celtic *esyo (m and n), *esyās (f), and *ēsom (pl), from Proto-Indo-European *ésyo, genitive singular of *ís and *íd; compare Welsh ei (“his, her, its”), eu (“their”); Old High German iro (“their”); and Sanskrit अस्य (asyá, “his, its”), अस्यास् (asyā́s, “her”), and एषाम् (eṣā́m, “their”).


a

Irish: a

Scottish Gaelic: a

table
From Proto-Celtic *ā (compare Welsh a), from Proto-Indo-European *ō (compare Ancient Greek ὦ (ô), Latin ō).


a

Irish: a

Scottish Gaelic: a

a deich


a

a (combined with plural article asnaib, combined with 1st singular possessive determiner asmo, combined with 3rd person possessive determiner assa)

asum (first-person singular)
essiut (second-person singular)
as (dative masculine neuter singular third-person)
ass (dative masculine neuter singular third-person)
es (dative masculine neuter singular third-person)
essi (dative feminine singular third-person)
eissi (dative feminine singular third-person)
esse (dative feminine singular third-person)
essisi (dative emphatic feminine singular third-person)
esib (dative plural third-person)
essib (dative plural third-person)
eissib (dative plural third-person)

Irish: as

Manx: ass

Scottish Gaelic: à

table
From Proto-Celtic *exs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs.


á

in the masculine and neuter singular (triggers-lenition)

Mad·genatar á thimthirthidi.
Blessed are his servants.

Nach torbatu coitchenn ro·boí indib fri denum n-uilc at·rubalt tar hesi á pectha.
Every common advantage that had been in them for doing evil has perished for their sin.

Alternative form of a (“his, her, its, their”)


á

in tan as·mbeir, Tait, á maccu


á

á (neuter nominative singular)
á (dual neuter nominative)
á (neuter nominative plural)
á (neuter singular vocative)
á (dual neuter vocative)
á (neuter plural vocative)
á (accusative neuter singular)
á (accusative dual neuter)
á (accusative neuter plural)
á (genitive neuter singular)
á (dual genitive neuter)
á (genitive neuter plural)
á (dative neuter singular)
áib (dative dual neuter)
aaib (dative dual neuter)
áib (dative neuter plural)
aaib (dative neuter plural)
á (mutation mutation-radical)
n-á (mutation)

table
From Proto-Celtic *yās, from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂- (“to go”).

dunaib aaib


beinn

·beinn (canonical)
·beinn (mutation mutation-radical)
·beinn (mutation mutation-nasal)
·mbeinn (mutation)

inflection of at·tá:
first-person singular conditional

inflection of at·tá:
first-person singular past subjunctive


catt

caitt (genitive)
catt (masculine nominative singular stem)
catt (dual masculine nominative stem)
caitt (masculine nominative plural stem)
caitt (masculine singular stem vocative)
catt (dual masculine stem vocative)
cattu (masculine plural stem vocative)
catt (accusative masculine singular stem)
catt (accusative dual masculine stem)
cattu (accusative masculine plural stem)
caitt (genitive masculine singular stem)
catt (dual genitive masculine stem)
catt (genitive masculine plural stem)
catt (dative masculine singular stem)
cattaib (dative dual masculine stem)
cattaib (dative masculine plural stem)
catt (mutation mutation-radical)
chatt (mutation mutation-nasal)
catt (mutation)

Irish: cat

Manx: kayt

Scottish Gaelic: cat

⇒ Middle Irish: caittín

From Proto-Celtic *kattos, either borrowed from or cognate with Latin cattus, which is possibly from Afroasiatic, but see cat for more.

catt ab eo quod est cattus
catt from that which is cattus


serb

serb (masculine nominative singular)
serb (feminine nominative singular)
serb (neuter nominative singular)
seirb (masculine singular vocative)
serb (masculine singular vocative)
serb (feminine singular vocative)
serb (neuter singular vocative)
serb (accusative masculine singular)
seirb (accusative feminine singular)
serb (accusative neuter singular)
seirb (genitive masculine singular)
seirbe (feminine genitive singular)
seirb (genitive neuter singular)
serb (dative masculine singular)
seirb (dative feminine singular)
serb (dative neuter singular)
seirb (masculine nominative plural)
serba (feminine neuter nominative plural)
serbu (masculine plural vocative)
serba (masculine plural vocative)
serba (feminine neuter plural vocative)
serbu (accusative masculine plural)
serba (accusative masculine plural)
serba (accusative feminine neuter plural)
serb (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
serbaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: searbh

Scottish Gaelic: searbh

From Proto-Celtic *swerwos, from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ache”). Cognate with Welsh chwerw.

(in abstract sense) bitter, hurtful, grievous, disagreeable


serb

serb (nominative singular)
serb (singular vocative)
seirb (accusative singular)
seirbe (genitive singular)
seirb (dative singular)

From Proto-Celtic *serwā, from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“booty”); related to Latin servus (“slave”).


serb

serb (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡerb (mutation mutation-nasal)


ain

third-person singular future/present subjunctive conjunct of aingid


ain

ain (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ain (mutation)

second-person singular imperative of aingid


folc

folc (masculine nominative singular stem)
folc (dual masculine nominative stem)
foilc (masculine nominative plural stem)
foilc (masculine singular stem vocative)
folc (dual masculine stem vocative)
folcu (masculine plural stem vocative)
folc (accusative masculine singular stem)
folc (accusative dual masculine stem)
folcu (accusative masculine plural stem)
foilc (genitive masculine singular stem)
folc (dual genitive masculine stem)
folc (genitive masculine plural stem)
folc (dative masculine singular stem)
folcaib (dative dual masculine stem)
folcaib (dative masculine plural stem)
folc (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟolc (mutation mutation-nasal)
folc (mutation)

Middle Irish: folc

Irish: folc

From Proto-Celtic *wolkos, from a devoiced variant of Proto-Indo-European *welg-.


dé

dïad (genitive)
dé (nominative singular)
dé (singular vocative)
dïaid (accusative singular)
dïad (genitive singular)
dïaid (dative singular)

Irish: dé

From Proto-Celtic *dwiyots, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂-.


dé

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

inflection of día (“god”):
vocative/genitive singular

inflection of día (“god”):
nominative plural

accusative/dative singular of día (“day”)


dé

dé (mutation mutation-radical)
dé (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndé (mutation)

Alternative spelling of de: third-person singular masculine of di (“of, from”)


fon

Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑aí fon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.

It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let go to the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.

Univerbation of fo (“under”) + in (“the (accusative singular masculine/feminine; dative singular all genders)”)


cama

cama (mutation mutation-radical)
chama (mutation mutation-nasal)
cama (mutation)


relic

·relic (canonical)
·relic (mutation mutation-radical)
also ·rrelic (mutation mutation-radical)
·relic (mutation mutation-nasal)

/ˈr͈ʲelʲiɡʲ/

third-person singular perfect prototonic of léicid


ibid

·ib (conjunct)
ól (noun-from-verb)
ibiu (absolute first-person indicative present singular)
ibid (absolute indicative present singular third-person)
ebait (absolute indicative plural present third-person)
ebair (absolute indicative passive present singular)
·ib (conjunct indicative present singular third-person)
·ebat (conjunct indicative plural present third-person)
·ebar (conjunct indicative passive present singular)
ibes (indicative present relative singular third-person)
·ibed (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
·ibtis (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ibis (absolute preterite singular third-person)
as·ib (deuterotonic perfect singular third-person)
as·ibsem (deuterotonic first-person perfect plural)
as·ibset (deuterotonic perfect plural third-person)
as·ibed (deuterotonic passive perfect singular)
·esbius (first-person perfect prototonic singular)
·essib (perfect prototonic singular third-person)
·esbetar (perfect plural prototonic third-person)
·esbed (passive perfect prototonic singular)
íba (absolute first-person future singular)
íbthuss (absolute future singular third-person)
íbait (absolute future plural third-person)
·íb (conjunct first-person future singular)
·íba (conjunct future singular third-person)
·íbthar (conjunct future passive singular)
·íbad (conditional singular third-person)
ebthae (absolute plural present second-person subjunctive)
·ebae (conjunct present second-person singular subjunctive)
·roíba (conjunct present singular subjunctive third-person)
·ebam (conjunct first-person plural present subjunctive)
·ebat (conjunct plural present subjunctive third-person)
·ebad (past singular subjunctive third-person)
·ebtais (past plural subjunctive third-person)
ib (imperative second-person singular)
ebam (first-person imperative plural)
ibid (imperative plural second-person)
ól (first-person noun-from-verb singular)
ibid (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ibid (mutation)

sga-conj-simple

with suffixed pronoun <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">-us</i>

<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">ro-</i>form

Irish: ibh

Manx: iu

From Proto-Celtic *ɸibeti, from Proto-Indo-European *píph₃eti.
Compare Latin bibō, Sanskrit पिबति (pibati), Old Church Slavonic пити (piti), Ancient Greek πίνω (pínō).


bie

bie (mutation mutation-radical)
bie (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbie (mutation)

second-person singular future absolute of at·tá

third-person singular preterite relative of benaid


dene

dene (mutation mutation-radical)
dene (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndene (mutation)


fid

fid (nominative singular)
fid (dual nominative)
fedae (nominative plural)
fid (singular vocative)
fid (dual vocative)
fidu (plural vocative)
fid (accusative singular)
fid (accusative dual)
fidu (accusative plural)
fedo (genitive singular)
feda (genitive singular)
fedo (dual genitive)
feda (dual genitive)
fedae (genitive plural)
fid (dative singular)
fedaib (dative dual)
fedaib (dative plural)
fid (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟid (mutation mutation-nasal)
fid (mutation)

Irish: fiodh

Scottish Gaelic: fiodh


gen

gen (nominative singular)
gen (dual nominative)
gen (nominative plural)
gena (nominative plural)
gen (singular vocative)
gen (dual vocative)
gen (plural vocative)
gena (plural vocative)
gen (accusative singular)
gen (accusative dual)
gen (accusative plural)
gena (accusative plural)
gin (genitive singular)
gen (dual genitive)
gen (genitive plural)
giun (dative singular)
genaib (dative dual)
genaib (dative plural)


gen

gen (nominative singular)
gin (dual nominative)
gena (nominative plural)
gen (singular vocative)
gin (dual vocative)
gena (plural vocative)
gin (accusative singular)
gin (accusative dual)
gena (accusative plural)
gine (genitive singular)
gen (dual genitive)
gen (genitive plural)
gin (dative singular)
genaib (dative dual)
genaib (dative plural)
gen (mutation mutation-radical)
gen (mutation mutation-nasal)
ngen (mutation)


lat

Univerbation of la (“with”) + tú (“you sg”)

univ

you <abbr title="singular number">sg</abbr>


lat

Univerbation of la (“with”) + do (“your sg”)

your <abbr title="singular number">sg</abbr>


im

co beid .i. co mbed a ndéde sin im labrad-sa .i. gáu et fír .i. combad sain a n‑as·berin ó bélib et aní imme·rádin ó chridiu

so that there may be, i.e. so that those two things might be in my speaking, namely false and true, i.e. so that what I might say with [my] mouth and what I might think with [my] heart might be different


Fergus

Fergusso (genitive)
Fergus (nominative singular)
Fergus (dual nominative)
Fergusae (nominative plural)
Fergus (singular vocative)
Fergus (dual vocative)
Fergusu (plural vocative)
Fergus (accusative singular)
Fergus (accusative dual)
Fergusu (accusative plural)
Ferguso (genitive singular)
Fergusa (genitive singular)
Ferguso (dual genitive)
Fergusa (dual genitive)
Fergusae (genitive plural)
Fergus (dative singular)
Fergusaib (dative dual)
Fergusaib (dative plural)
Fergus (mutation mutation-radical)
Ḟergus (mutation mutation-nasal)
Fergus (mutation)

Irish: Fearghas

Scottish Gaelic: Fearghas

From Proto-Celtic *Wirogustus, equivalent to fer (“man”) + guss (“vigour”), which is from Proto-Celtic *gustus (“choice”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus.


birr

birr (mutation mutation-radical)
birr (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbirr (mutation)

inflection of berr:
vocative/genitive singular masculine

inflection of berr:
accusative/dative singular feminine

inflection of berr:
genitive singular neuter

inflection of berr:
nominative plural masculine


ingen

ingine (genitive)
ingen (nominative singular)
ingin (dual nominative)
ingena (nominative plural)
ingen (singular vocative)
ingin (dual vocative)
ingena (plural vocative)
ingin (accusative singular)
ingin (accusative dual)
ingena (accusative plural)
ingine (genitive singular)
ingen (dual genitive)
ingen (genitive plural)
ingin (dative singular)
ingenaib (dative dual)
ingenaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: ingen

desc

Irish: iníon, inghean (superseded); inghin, inín (Connacht); nighean, níon (Ulster), inín

Manx: inneen

Scottish Gaelic: nighean, nigheann, inghean

⇒ Middle Irish: ingenach

⇒ Middle Irish: ingenas
Irish: iníonas

From Primitive Irish ᚔᚅᚔᚌᚓᚅᚐ (inigena), from Proto-Celtic *enigenā (literally “born within, indigenous”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, beget”); compare Latin indigena (“native”) and Ancient Greek ἐγγόνη (engónē, “granddaughter”).


ingen

ingen (genitive)
ingen (nominative singular)
ingin (dual nominative)
ingnea (nominative plural)
ingen (singular vocative)
ingin (dual vocative)
ingnea (plural vocative)
ingin (accusative singular)
ingin (accusative dual)
ingnea (accusative plural)
ingne (genitive singular)
ingen (dual genitive)
ingen (genitive plural)
ingin (dative singular)
ingnib (dative dual)
ingnib (dative plural)

Irish: ionga

Manx: ingin

Scottish Gaelic: ionga

From Proto-Celtic *angʷīnā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nṓgʰs.
Cognate with Welsh ewin, Breton ivin; and with Latin unguis, English nail, Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux), Russian но́готь (nógotʹ), Sanskrit नख (nakhá).


benn

head

benn f (genitive beinne or beinde, nominative plural benna or benda)

beinne (genitive)
beinde (genitive)
benna (nominative plural)
benda (nominative plural)
benn (nominative singular)
beinn (dual nominative)
benna (nominative plural)
benn (singular vocative)
beinn (dual vocative)
benna (plural vocative)
beinn (accusative singular)
beinn (accusative dual)
benna (accusative plural)
beinne (genitive singular)
benn (dual genitive)
benn (genitive plural)
beinn (dative singular)
bennaib (dative dual)
bennaib (dative plural)
benn (mutation mutation-radical)
benn (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbenn (mutation)

Irish: beann, binn

Manx: beinn

Scottish Gaelic: beann, beinn

→ Galician: beán

⇒ Middle Irish: bennán


arcu

arcu (absolute first-person indicative present singular)
arco (absolute first-person indicative present singular)

From Proto-Celtic *ɸarsketi, cognate to Welsh erchi and more distantly Latin posco. Other forms of this verb mainly survive in derivatives formed with com-; see Related terms for these.


chell

cell (mutation mutation-radical)
chell (mutation mutation-nasal)
cell (mutation)


é

é (feminine sí, neuter ed, emphatic ésom)

sí (feminine)
ed (neuter)
ésom (emphatic)

Irish: sé, Irish: é

Scottish Gaelic: e

Manx: eh

From Proto-Celtic *es or *ēs, from Proto-Indo-European *éy.

Is hé as airchinnech inna n-uile.

Ní tú nod·n-ail, acht is hé not·ail.

It is not you that nourishes it, but it that nourishes you.


é

From Proto-Celtic *eyes (nom. pl.) or *ens (acc. pl.) (compare Middle Welsh wy), from Proto-Indo-European *éy.

Nitat pecthi collnidi híccatar and ind echt so cebtar hé riam.

It is not fleshly sins that are paid for there now, though it was they before.


cham

Alternative spelling of chamm: lenited form of cam.


bú

bú (mutation mutation-radical)
bú (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbú (mutation)


sál

sál (masculine nominative singular stem)
sáil (masculine singular stem vocative)
sál (accusative masculine singular stem)
sáil (genitive masculine singular stem)
sál (dative masculine singular stem)

Irish: sáile

Scottish Gaelic: sàl

table
From Proto-Celtic *sālos (whence Welsh hâl (“salty water”)), from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls. Akin to Latin sal and English salt.

sáil-onn .i. cloch sáil


sál

sál (nominative singular)
sáil (dual nominative)
sála (nominative plural)
sál (singular vocative)
sáil (dual vocative)
sála (plural vocative)
sáil (accusative singular)
sáil (accusative dual)
sála (accusative plural)
sáile (genitive singular)
sál (dual genitive)
sál (genitive plural)
sáil (dative singular)
sálaib (dative dual)
sálaib (dative plural)
sál (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡál (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: sáil

Manx: saayl

Scottish Gaelic: sàil

table
From Proto-Celtic *stātlā (compare Welsh sawdl), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”).

der

sál ― (glosses Latin calx)


lind

linde (genitive)
lind (nominative singular)
lind (dual nominative)
lindi (nominative plural)
lind (singular vocative)
lind (dual vocative)
lindi (plural vocative)
lind (accusative singular)
lindi (accusative singular)
lind (accusative dual)
lindi (accusative plural)
linde (genitive singular)
linde (dual genitive)
linde (genitive plural)
lind (dative singular)
lindi (dative singular)
lindib (dative dual)
lindib (dative plural)

From Proto-Celtic *lindos, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *leyH- (“to flow”). The two differently-inflecting nouns are closely related, but their morphologies are mysterious.

.i. lind te

i.e. hot pool [The glossator having misunderstood Latin termes (“branch”) as being related to therma (“hot bath”)]


lind

lenda (genitive)
lind (nominative singular)
lind (dual nominative)
lind (nominative plural)
lenda (nominative plural)
lind (singular vocative)
lind (dual vocative)
lind (plural vocative)
lind (accusative singular)
lind (accusative dual)
lind (accusative plural)
lendo (genitive singular)
lenda (genitive singular)
lendo (dual genitive)
lenda (dual genitive)
lend (genitive plural)
lind (dative singular)
lendaib (dative dual)
lendaib (dative plural)
lind (mutation mutation-radical)
also llind after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
lind (mutation mutation-nasal)

[…] Herein, then, he comes into contact with the bitter drink of the reproval, when the lips of the chalice have hitherto been smeared with honey […]

[…]hi sunt tra ↄricc frissa lind serb in chúrsactha, lase fo·ruillecta beóil in chalich di mil cosse anall[…]

lind ― glosses Latin liquamen (“drink”)

ibthecha .i. it mathi inna ganema oc oul ind lenda.

absorbent, i.e. the sands are good at absorbing the liquid.


rí

head

rí m (genitive ríg, nominative plural ríg)

ríg (genitive)
ríg (nominative plural)
rí (nominative singular)
ríg (dual nominative)
ríg (nominative plural)
rí (singular vocative)
ríg (dual vocative)
ríga (plural vocative)
ríg (accusative singular)
ríg (accusative dual)
ríga (accusative plural)
ríg (genitive singular)
ríg (dual genitive)
ríg (genitive plural)
ríg (dative singular)
rígaib (dative dual)
rígaib (dative plural)

desctree

Middle Irish: rí
Irish: rí
Manx: ree
Scottish Gaelic: rìgh

From Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”), which is derived from *h₃reǵ-. Cognates include Sanskrit राज् (rāj, “king”), राजन् (rājan), and Latin rēx (“king”).

der

amtis forbristi ind ríg, glosses principibus oppressis


fliuch

fliuchu (comparative)
fliuch (masculine nominative singular)
fliuch (feminine nominative singular)
fliuch (neuter nominative singular)
fliuch (masculine singular vocative)
fliuch (feminine singular vocative)
fliuch (neuter singular vocative)
fliuch (accusative masculine singular)
flich (accusative feminine singular)
fliuch (accusative neuter singular)
flich (genitive masculine singular)
fliuchae (feminine genitive singular)
flich (genitive neuter singular)
fliuch (dative masculine singular)
flich (dative feminine singular)
fliuch (dative neuter singular)
fliuchai (masculine nominative plural)
fliuchai (feminine neuter nominative plural)
fliuchai (masculine plural vocative)
fliuchai (feminine neuter plural vocative)
fliuchai (accusative masculine plural)
fliuchai (accusative feminine neuter plural)
fliuchaib (dative feminine masculine neuter)

sga-decl-adj-table

*not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish

Irish: fliuch

Manx: fliugh

Scottish Gaelic: fliuch

From Proto-Celtic *wlikʷos (compare Welsh gwlyb, Cornish glyb), from Proto-Indo-European *wleykʷ- (compare Latin liquō (“to melt”), Tocharian A lyīktsi (“to wash”)).


fliuch

fliuch (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟliuch (mutation mutation-nasal)
fliuch (mutation)


dama

·dama (canonical)
·dama (mutation mutation-radical)
·dama (mutation mutation-nasal)
·ndama (mutation)

third-person singular present subjunctive conjunct of daimid


mí

head

mí m (genitive mís, nominative plural mís)

mís (genitive)
mís (nominative plural)
mí (nominative singular)
mí (dual nominative)
mís (nominative plural)
mí (singular vocative)
mí (dual vocative)
mísa (plural vocative)
mís (accusative singular)
mí (accusative dual)
mísa (accusative plural)
mís (genitive singular)
mí (dual genitive)
mís (genitive plural)
mís (dative singular)
mísaib (dative dual)
mísaib (dative plural)
mí (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmí after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
mí (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: mí

Manx: mee

Scottish Gaelic: mìos

From Proto-Celtic *mīns, from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s.


esta

·esta (canonical)
·esta (mutation mutation-radical)
·n-esta (mutation)

second-person singular past subjunctive of ithid


inis

inis f (genitive inse, nominative plural insi)

inse (genitive)
insi (nominative plural)
inis (nominative singular)
inis (dual nominative)
insi (nominative plural)
inis (singular vocative)
inis (dual vocative)
insi (plural vocative)
insi (accusative singular)
inis (accusative dual)
insi (accusative plural)
inse (genitive singular)
inse (dual genitive)
inse (genitive plural)
insi (dative singular)
insib (dative dual)
insib (dative plural)
inis (mutation mutation-radical)
n-inis (mutation)

Middle Irish: inis

Irish: inis

Scottish Gaelic: innis

From Proto-Celtic *enistī (“standing in (the water)”), from Proto-Indo-European *en- (“in”) + *steh₂- (“stand”). Cognate with Welsh ynys.


Cú Roí

Con Roí (genitive)
Cú Roí (mutation mutation-radical)
Chú Roí (mutation mutation-nasal)
Cú Roí (mutation)

Cinaedh m. Con Roi, rex Generis Loighaire, iugulatus est o Delbhni.
Cinaedh, son of Cú Roí, king of the People of Leary, is killed by the Delbhni.

Cú Roí (character in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology)


luch

head

luch f (genitive lochad, nominative plural lochaid)

lochad (genitive)
lochaid (nominative plural)
luch (nominative singular)
lochaid (dual nominative)
luch (dual nominative)
lochaid (nominative plural)
luch (singular vocative)
lochaid (dual vocative)
luch (dual vocative)
lochtha (plural vocative)
lochaid (accusative singular)
lochaid (accusative dual)
luch (accusative dual)
lochtha (accusative plural)
lochad (genitive singular)
lochad (dual genitive)
lochad (genitive plural)
lochaid (dative singular)
lochthaib (dative dual)
lochthaib (dative plural)
luch (mutation mutation-radical)
also lluch after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
luch (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: luch

Manx: lugh

Scottish Gaelic: luch

From Proto-Celtic *lukūts; cognate with Welsh llygod.


crith

Middle Irish: crith

Irish: crith

Manx: crie

Scottish Gaelic: crith

crith (mutation mutation-radical)
chrith (mutation mutation-nasal)
crith (mutation)

From Proto-Celtic *kritos (“trembling, fever”). Cognate to Welsh cryd (“fever”).


ata

third-person plural present indicative relative of is


Lebor Gabála Érenn

Lebor Gabála Érenn
Lebor Gabála Érenn#English


loth

head

loth f (genitive loithe, nominative plural latha)

loithe (genitive)
latha (nominative plural)
loth (nominative singular)
loith (dual nominative)
lotha (nominative plural)
loth (singular vocative)
loith (dual vocative)
lotha (plural vocative)
loith (accusative singular)
loith (accusative dual)
lotha (accusative plural)
loithe (genitive singular)
loth (dual genitive)
loth (genitive plural)
loith (dative singular)
lothaib (dative dual)
lothaib (dative plural)
loth (mutation mutation-radical)
also lloth after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
loth (mutation mutation-nasal)


tussu

Irish: tusa

Manx: uss

Scottish Gaelic: thusa

tussu (mutation mutation-radical)
thussu (mutation mutation-nasal)
tussu (mutation)

Bed indbadigthi .i. bed chuintechti .i. cid fáilte ad·cot-sa ⁊ du·ngnéu, is túsu immid·folngi dam, a Dǽ; cid indeb dano ad·cot, is tú, Dǽ, immid·folngi dam.

To be enriched, i.e. to be sought, i.e. though it is joy that I obtain and make, it is you who effects it for me, O God; so too, though it is wealth that I obtain, it is you, God, who effects it for me.


luid

·luid (canonical)
luid (mutation mutation-radical)
also lluid after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
luid (mutation mutation-nasal)

Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben

This "suffixless preterite" is the descendant of Proto-Indo-European *h₁ludʰét (“climbed, grew”, thematic(?) aorist). When and how it acquired perfect morphology on the way to Old Irish is unclear. Cognate with Sanskrit अरुधत् (arudhát), Ancient Greek ἦλθον (êlthon), ἤλυθον (ḗluthon), and Tocharian A läc.

inh

third-person singular preterite absolute of téit

third-person singular preterite conjunct of téit


aul

elo (genitive)
aul (nominative singular)
aul (dual nominative)
elae (nominative plural)
aul (singular vocative)
aul (dual vocative)
elu (plural vocative)
aul (accusative singular)
aul (accusative dual)
elu (accusative plural)
elo (genitive singular)
ela (genitive singular)
elo (dual genitive)
ela (dual genitive)
elae (genitive plural)
aul (dative singular)
elaib (dative dual)
elaib (dative plural)
aul (mutation mutation-radical)
n-aul (mutation)


fris

third-person singular masculine/neuter of fri


lucht

head

lucht m (genitive luchta or lochta, no plural)

luchta (genitive)
lochta (genitive)
lucht (nominative singular)
lucht (singular vocative)
lucht (accusative singular)
luchto (genitive singular)
luchta (genitive singular)
lochta (genitive singular)
lucht (dative singular)

Irish: lucht

Manx: lught

Scottish Gaelic: luchd

From Proto-Celtic *luxtus (“contents, crowd, people”), of unknown origin. Cognate with Welsh llwyth (“cargo; litter (of baby animals)”) and Gaulish luxtos.

cog

(sailing) complement, crew, (by extension) vessel


coll

coll (masculine nominative singular stem)
coll (dual masculine nominative stem)
cuill (masculine nominative plural stem)
cuill (masculine singular stem vocative)
coll (dual masculine stem vocative)
cullu (masculine plural stem vocative)
coll (accusative masculine singular stem)
coll (accusative dual masculine stem)
cullu (accusative masculine plural stem)
cuill (genitive masculine singular stem)
coll (dual genitive masculine stem)
coll (genitive masculine plural stem)
cull (dative masculine singular stem)
collaib (dative dual masculine stem)
collaib (dative masculine plural stem)

Irish: coll

Manx: coull

Scottish Gaelic: coll

table
From Proto-Celtic *koslos (“hazel”), from Proto-Indo-European *kóslos (“hazel”) (compare Welsh cyll).

hazel (tree or shrub of the genus Corylus)


coll

coll (nominative singular)
coll (dual nominative)
coll (nominative plural)
colla (nominative plural)
coll (singular vocative)
coll (dual vocative)
coll (plural vocative)
colla (plural vocative)
coll (accusative singular)
coll (accusative dual)
coll (accusative plural)
colla (accusative plural)
cuill (genitive singular)
coll (dual genitive)
coll (genitive plural)
cull (dative singular)
collaib (dative dual)
collaib (dative plural)
coll (mutation mutation-radical)
choll (mutation mutation-nasal)
coll (mutation)

desc

Middle Irish: coll, call m, coill, caill f

Scottish Gaelic: coll m (“destruction”)

Irish: caill f (“loss”)

table
From Proto-Celtic *kolCos (“lost”), precise form uncertain, C could represent n, s, or d. Ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to break”).


noch

From Proto-Celtic *nu-kʷe (“and now”), from Proto-Indo-European *nu-kʷe, equivalent to no- + -ch-. Cognate with Old High German noh (from Proto-Germanic *nuh).


cerc

cerc (nominative singular)
circ (dual nominative)
cerca (nominative plural)
cerc (singular vocative)
circ (dual vocative)
cerca (plural vocative)
circ (accusative singular)
circ (accusative dual)
cerca (accusative plural)
circe (genitive singular)
cerc (dual genitive)
cerc (genitive plural)
circ (dative singular)
cercaib (dative dual)
cercaib (dative plural)
cerc (mutation mutation-radical)
cherc (mutation mutation-nasal)
cerc (mutation)

Irish: cearc

Manx: kiark

Scottish Gaelic: cearc

From Proto-Celtic *kerkā, imitative of harsh sounds, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-, same source as Latin cornix (“crow”).

onomatopoeic

imitative


dara

head

dara (triggers lenition in the meaning “his, its”, h-prothesis in the meaning “her”, and nasalization in the meaning “their”)

in the meaning “his (triggers-lenition)
its” (triggers-lenition)

Univerbation of tar (“over, across”) + a (“his, her, its, their”)


lus

lus (nominative singular)
lus (dual nominative)
losae (nominative plural)
lus (singular vocative)
lus (dual vocative)
losu (plural vocative)
lus (accusative singular)
lus (accusative dual)
losu (accusative plural)
loso (genitive singular)
losa (genitive singular)
loso (dual genitive)
losa (dual genitive)
losae (genitive plural)
lus (dative singular)
losaib (dative dual)
losaib (dative plural)
lus (mutation mutation-radical)
also llus after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
lus (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: lus

Manx: lus

Scottish Gaelic: lus

From Proto-Celtic *lussus (“medicinal herb, vegetable”), likely influenced by Proto-Celtic *lubā (“herb, plant”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“leaf”).


ó

úaim (first-person singular)
húaim (first-person singular)
úaimm (first-person singular)
húaimm (first-person singular)
úaimse (emphatic first-person singular)
húaimse (emphatic first-person singular)
úait (second-person singular)
húait (second-person singular)
úaitsu (emphatic second-person singular)
húaitsu (emphatic second-person singular)
úaitsiu (emphatic second-person singular)
húaitsiu (emphatic second-person singular)
úad (dative masculine neuter singular third-person)
húad (dative masculine neuter singular third-person)
úaid (dative masculine neuter singular third-person)
húaid (dative masculine neuter singular third-person)
úadi (dative feminine singular third-person)
húade (dative feminine singular third-person)
úadisi (dative emphatic feminine singular third-person)
úainn (first-person plural)
húainn (first-person plural)
úain (first-person plural)
húain (first-person plural)
úan (first-person plural)
húan (first-person plural)
úann (first-person plural)
húann (first-person plural)
úanni (emphatic first-person plural)
húanni (emphatic first-person plural)
úaib (plural second-person)
húaib (plural second-person)
úaibsi (emphatic plural second-person)
húaibsi (emphatic plural second-person)
úadib (dative plural third-person)
húadib (dative plural third-person)
úaidib (dative plural third-person)
húaidib (dative plural third-person)
úaidibsom (dative emphatic plural third-person)
húadibsem (dative emphatic plural third-person)

desctree

Middle Irish: ó
Irish: ó
Scottish Gaelic: o, bho
Manx: veih, voish

Contested.
* From Proto-Celtic *aw (“away”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew (“away, down”). Cognate with Latin au-, Sanskrit अव (ava, “down”), Old Church Slavonic оу- (u-).
* From Proto-Celtic *aɸu (“away”), from *apó/*h₂epó (“away”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó), Sanskrit अप (ápa, “away, off”), Latin ab (“from”), Old Church Slavonic по (po), Gothic 𐌰𐍆 (af).

inh

ó thurcbáil co fuinud


ó

head

ó (triggers lenition, takes independent verbs)


ó

ó (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ó (mutation)


crud

crud (mutation mutation-radical)
chrud (mutation mutation-nasal)
crud (mutation)


achar

achar (masculine nominative singular)
achar (feminine nominative singular)
achar (neuter nominative singular)
achair (masculine singular vocative)
achar (masculine singular vocative)
achar (feminine singular vocative)
achar (neuter singular vocative)
achar (accusative masculine singular)
achair (accusative feminine singular)
achar (accusative neuter singular)
achair (genitive masculine singular)
achrae (feminine genitive singular)
achaire (feminine genitive singular)
achair (genitive neuter singular)
achur (dative masculine singular)
achair (dative feminine singular)
achur (dative neuter singular)
achair (masculine nominative plural)
achra (feminine neuter nominative plural)
achru (masculine plural vocative)
achra (masculine plural vocative)
achra (feminine neuter plural vocative)
achru (accusative masculine plural)
achra (accusative masculine plural)
achra (accusative feminine neuter plural)
achar (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
achraib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
achar (mutation mutation-radical)
n-achar (mutation)


crie

·crie (canonical)
·crie (mutation mutation-radical)
·chrie (mutation mutation-nasal)
·crie (mutation)

second-person singular present subjunctive conjunct of crenaid


ful

·ful (canonical)
·ful (mutation mutation-radical)
·ḟul (mutation mutation-nasal)
·ful (mutation)

third-person singular present subjunctive prototonic of fo·loing


rath

raith (genitive)
rath (nominative singular)
rath (dual nominative)
rath (nominative plural)
ratha (nominative plural)
rath (singular vocative)
rath (dual vocative)
rath (plural vocative)
ratha (plural vocative)
rath (accusative singular)
rath (accusative dual)
rath (accusative plural)
ratha (accusative plural)
raith (genitive singular)
rath (dual genitive)
rath (genitive plural)
rath (dative singular)
rathaib (dative dual)
rathaib (dative plural)
rath (mutation mutation-radical)
also rrath after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
rath (mutation mutation-nasal)

Middle Irish: rath

Irish: rath

From Proto-Celtic *ɸratom (“grace, virtue, good fortune”), from the root of *ɸarnati (“bestow”) (whence ernaid), from Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- (“bestow, give”) (whence also Sanskrit पृणाक्ति (pṛṇā́kti, “grant, bestow”), Latin parō (“prepare”).

cog

Ní derlaicht⟨h⟩a a pecdæ doïb acht du·ratad dígal forru. Cenotad maic-si raith dano, má im·roimsid ní dílgibther dúib.

Their sins have not been forgiven them, but punishment has been inflicted upon them. Though you pl, then, are children of grace, if you sin, you will not be forgiven.


rann

head

rann f (genitive rainne, nominative plural ranna)

rainne (genitive)
ranna (nominative plural)
rann (nominative singular)
rainn (dual nominative)
ranna (nominative plural)
rann (singular vocative)
rainn (dual vocative)
ranna (plural vocative)
rainn (accusative singular)
rainn (accusative dual)
ranna (accusative plural)
rainne (genitive singular)
rann (dual genitive)
rann (genitive plural)
rainn (dative singular)
rannaib (dative dual)
rannaib (dative plural)
rann (mutation mutation-radical)
also rrann after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
rann (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: rann

Manx: rheynn

Scottish Gaelic: rann


sain

sain (masculine nominative singular)
sain (feminine nominative singular)
sain (neuter nominative singular)
sain (masculine singular vocative)
sain (feminine singular vocative)
sain (neuter singular vocative)
sain (accusative masculine singular)
sain (accusative feminine singular)
sain (accusative neuter singular)
sain (genitive masculine singular)
saine (feminine genitive singular)
sain (genitive neuter singular)
sain (dative masculine singular)
sain (dative feminine singular)
sain (dative neuter singular)
saini (masculine nominative plural)
saini (feminine neuter nominative plural)
saini (masculine plural vocative)
saini (feminine neuter plural vocative)
saini (accusative masculine plural)
saini (accusative feminine neuter plural)
sain (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
sainib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
sain (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡain (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *sanis (“different”) (whence Welsh hân (“separation”), from Proto-Indo-European *senH-; cognate with Latin sine, Ancient Greek ἄτερ (áter, “without, apart from”), Sanskrit सनितुर् (sanitúr, “without”), Old English sundor (“apart, separately”).

cog

so that there may be, i.e. so that those two things might be in my speaking, namely false and true, i.e. so that what I might say with [my] lips and what I might think with [my] heart might be different

A·tá tairmthechtas persan híc .i. is sain indí asid·rubart ⁊ indí frisa n-érbrath.

There is a transition of persons here, i.e. the one who has said it and the one to whom it has been said are different.

Ná eiplet húan bás coitchen húa n‑epil cách, acht foircniter húa sain-bás sech cách.

Let them not die by the common death by which everyone dies, but let them be ended by a special death different from everyone.

Messe ocus Pangur Bán, cechtar náthar fria sain-dán
bíth a menma-sam fri seilgg mu menma céin im sain-cheirdd.

his mind is at hunting, my own mind is in my special craft.

I and Pangur Bán, each of us two at his special art:


douc

do·uc (canonical)
do·uc (mutation mutation-radical)
do·n-uc (mutation)

third-person singular perfect deuterotonic of do·beir


bec

lugu (comparative)
bec (masculine nominative singular)
bec (feminine nominative singular)
bec (neuter nominative singular)
bic (masculine singular vocative)
bec (masculine singular vocative)
bec (feminine singular vocative)
bec (neuter singular vocative)
bec (accusative masculine singular)
bic (accusative feminine singular)
bec (accusative neuter singular)
bic (genitive masculine singular)
bice (feminine genitive singular)
bic (genitive neuter singular)
biuc (dative masculine singular)
bic (dative feminine singular)
biuc (dative neuter singular)
bic (masculine nominative plural)
beca (feminine neuter nominative plural)
bicu (masculine plural vocative)
beca (masculine plural vocative)
beca (feminine neuter plural vocative)
bicu (accusative masculine plural)
beca (accusative masculine plural)
beca (accusative feminine neuter plural)
bec (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
becaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

Irish: beag

Manx: beg

Scottish Gaelic: beag


bec

Irish: beagnach

bec (mutation mutation-radical)
bec (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbec (mutation)

.i. bec nacham·ralae i nderchoíniud ón

i.e. that is, it has almost cast me into despair.

almost (followed by the negative particle nach)


festa

From earlier fecht (“occasion”) + -sa (“this”).


festa

·festa (canonical)
·festa (mutation mutation-radical)
·ḟesta (mutation mutation-nasal)
·festa (mutation)

second-person singular past subjunctive/conditional prototonic of ro·finnadar


roba

first-person singular perfect prototonic of at·tá


teg

head

teg n (genitive tige or taige, nominative plural tige)

tige (genitive)
taige (genitive)
tige (nominative plural)
teg (mutation mutation-radical)
theg (mutation mutation-nasal)
teg (mutation)


damar

·damar (canonical)
·damar (mutation mutation-radical)
·damar (mutation mutation-nasal)
·ndamar (mutation)

passive singular present indicative conjunct of daimid


-am

oll (“great, vast”) + -am → ollam (“master, expert”)


bér

first-person singular future conjunct of beirid


uasal

uasal (mutation mutation-radical)
n-uasal (mutation)


duine

duine m (genitive duini, nominative plural doíni)

duini (genitive)
doíni (nominative plural)
duine (nominative singular)
doíni (nominative plural)
duini (singular vocative)
doíni (plural vocative)
duine (accusative singular)
doíni (accusative plural)
duini (genitive singular)
doíne (genitive plural)
duiniu (dative singular)
doínib (dative plural)
duine (mutation mutation-radical)
duine (mutation mutation-nasal)
nduine (mutation)

desctree

Middle Irish: duine
Irish: duine
Manx: dooinney
Scottish Gaelic: duine

From Proto-Celtic *gdonyos (“human, person”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰm̥mō (“earthling, human”), a derivation of *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”) (whence also dú (“place, spot”)).
Akin to Breton den (“man”) and Welsh dyn (“man”). For the parallel semantic development of the noun for "man, human" from the cognate nominal stem for "earth", compare Latin homō (“man, person”), Old Lithuanian žmuõ (“man”) and Gothic 𐌲𐌿𐌼𐌰 (guma).
The plural doíni is suppletive, coming from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *dʰew- (“to die”) generally reconstructed as Proto-Celtic *dowenis.

der

arná{m}·tomnad námmin duine sed deus

that he should not suppose that I am a human but a god

Ɔ·riris-siu .i. ar·troídfe{a}-siu inna droch daíni, a Dǽ, dia n‑anduch, air is fechtnach a n‑andach mani erthroítar húa Día.

You will bind, i.e. you will restrain the evil people, O God, from their iniquity, for their iniquity is prosperous if they are not restrained by God.


lenn

lenn (nominative singular)
leinn (dual nominative)
lenna (nominative plural)
lenn (singular vocative)
leinn (dual vocative)
lenna (plural vocative)
leinn (accusative singular)
leinn (accusative dual)
lenna (accusative plural)
leinne (genitive singular)
lenn (dual genitive)
lenn (genitive plural)
leinn (dative singular)
lennaib (dative dual)
lennaib (dative plural)

From Proto-Celtic *linnā, of unclear origin.

lenn nó brat formtha


lenn

lenn (mutation mutation-radical)
also llenn after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
lenn (mutation mutation-nasal)

Is and didiu for·téit spiritus ar n-énirti-ni in tain bes n-inun accobor lenn .i. la corp et anim et la spirut.

So it is then that the spirit helps our weakness when we have the same desire, i.e. body and soul and spirit.


dorn

duirn (genitive)
dorn (masculine nominative singular stem)
dorn (dual masculine nominative stem)
duirn (masculine nominative plural stem)
duirn (masculine singular stem vocative)
dorn (dual masculine stem vocative)
durnu (masculine plural stem vocative)
dorn (accusative masculine singular stem)
dorn (accusative dual masculine stem)
durnu (accusative masculine plural stem)
duirn (genitive masculine singular stem)
dorn (dual genitive masculine stem)
dorn (genitive masculine plural stem)
durn (dative masculine singular stem)
dornaib (dative dual masculine stem)
dornaib (dative masculine plural stem)
dorn (mutation mutation-radical)
dorn (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndorn (mutation)

Middle Irish: dorn

Irish: dorn

Scottish Gaelic: dòrn

Manx: doarn

From Proto-Celtic *durnos, further etymology unknown; possibly from a non-Indo-European substrate language. Cognate with Welsh dwrn.


teine

head

teine m (genitive teined, nominative plural teinid)

teined (genitive)
teinid (nominative plural)
teine (nominative singular)
teinid (dual nominative)
teine (dual nominative)
teinid (nominative plural)
teine (singular vocative)
teinid (dual vocative)
teine (dual vocative)
teintea (plural vocative)
teinid (accusative singular)
teinid (accusative dual)
teine (accusative dual)
teintea (accusative plural)
teined (genitive singular)
teined (dual genitive)
teined (genitive plural)
teinid (dative singular)
tein (dative singular)
teintib (dative dual)
teintib (dative plural)
teine (mutation mutation-radical)
theine (mutation mutation-nasal)
teine (mutation)

Irish: tine

Manx: çhenney

Scottish Gaelic: teine

From Proto-Celtic *teɸnets (“fire”) (compare Cornish and Breton tan, Welsh tân).

Middle Irish: tellachIrish: teallachManx: çhiollaghScottish Gaelic: teallach


grian

grïan (canonical)
grïan (masculine nominative singular stem)
grïain (masculine singular stem vocative)
grïan (accusative masculine singular stem)
grïain (genitive masculine singular stem)
grïun (dative masculine singular stem)
grïan (nominative singular)
grïan (singular vocative)
grïan (accusative singular)
grïain (genitive singular)
grïun (dative singular)
grïan (mutation mutation-radical)
grïan (mutation mutation-nasal)
ngrïan (mutation)

Irish: grean


dath

dath (nominative singular)
dath (dual nominative)
dath (nominative plural)
datha (nominative plural)
dath (singular vocative)
dath (dual vocative)
dath (plural vocative)
dath (accusative singular)
dath (accusative dual)
dath (accusative plural)
datho (genitive singular)
datha (genitive singular)
datho (dual genitive)
datha (dual genitive)
dath (genitive plural)
dath (dative singular)
dathaib (dative dual)
dathaib (dative plural)
dath (mutation mutation-radical)
dath (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndath (mutation)

Irish: dath

Manx: daah

Scottish Gaelic: dath


muir

muir n (genitive moro or mora, nominative plural muire)

moro (genitive)
mora (genitive)
muire (nominative plural)
muir (nominative singular)
muir (dual nominative)
muire (nominative plural)
muir (singular vocative)
muir (dual vocative)
muire (plural vocative)
muir (accusative singular)
muir (accusative dual)
muire (accusative plural)
moro (genitive singular)
mora (genitive singular)
moro (dual genitive)
mora (dual genitive)
muire (genitive plural)
muir (dative singular)
muirib (dative dual)
muirib (dative plural)
muir (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmuir after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
muir (mutation mutation-nasal)

Middle Irish: muir

Irish: muir

Manx: mooir

Scottish Gaelic: muir

inna fudumnai in moro

arna té .i. féith forsna muire

so that it may not go, i.e. a calm over the seas


mér

mér (masculine nominative singular stem)
mér (dual masculine nominative stem)
méoir (masculine nominative plural stem)
méoir (masculine singular stem vocative)
mér (dual masculine stem vocative)
méru (masculine plural stem vocative)
mér (accusative masculine singular stem)
mér (accusative dual masculine stem)
méru (accusative masculine plural stem)
méoir (genitive masculine singular stem)
mér (dual genitive masculine stem)
mér (genitive masculine plural stem)
méor (dative masculine singular stem)
méraib (dative dual masculine stem)
méraib (dative masculine plural stem)
mér (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmér after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
mér (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: méar

Manx: mair

Scottish Gaelic: meur

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *mh₂ḱrós. Cognates include Latin macer, Ancient Greek μακρός (makrós) and Old English mæġer.


eper

·eper (canonical)
·eper (mutation mutation-radical)
·n-eper (mutation)

first-person singular present subjunctive prototonic of as·beir


mol

muil (genitive)
mol (masculine nominative singular stem)
mol (dual masculine nominative stem)
muil (masculine nominative plural stem)
muil (masculine singular stem vocative)
mol (dual masculine stem vocative)
mulu (masculine plural stem vocative)
mol (accusative masculine singular stem)
mol (accusative dual masculine stem)
mulu (accusative masculine plural stem)
muil (genitive masculine singular stem)
mol (dual genitive masculine stem)
mol (genitive masculine plural stem)
mul (dative masculine singular stem)
molaib (dative dual masculine stem)
molaib (dative masculine plural stem)
mol (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmol after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
mol (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *molos, from Proto-Indo-European *molós, from *melh₂- (“to grind”) + *-ós (agent suffix).


ordu

ordu (nominative singular)
ordain (dual nominative)
ordain (nominative plural)
ordu (singular vocative)
ordain (dual vocative)
ordain (accusative singular)
ordain (accusative dual)
ordan (genitive singular)
ordan (dual genitive)
ordan (genitive plural)
ordain (dative singular)
ordu (dative singular)
ordu (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ordu (mutation)

⇒ Irish: ordóg


dona

Irish: dona

Manx: donney

Scottish Gaelic: dona

dona (mutation mutation-radical)
dona (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndona (mutation)


cen

head

cen (governs the accusative; triggers lenition)

cenutsu (emphatic second-person singular)
cene (accusative masculine neuter singular third-person)
cenae (accusative masculine neuter singular third-person)
cenuibsi (emphatic plural second-person)
cenaib (accusative plural third-person)
cen (mutation mutation-radical)
chen (mutation mutation-nasal)
cen (mutation)

Irish: gan

Manx: gyn

Scottish Gaelic: gun

From Proto-Celtic *kina (“on this side of”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe (“this, here”); compare Breton ken (“otherwise”).

Cía ru·bé cen ní diib, ní·rubai cenaib huli.

Though he might be without some of them, he could not be without all of them.

cid atob·aich cen dílgud cech ancridi do·gnethe frib, et ní bethe fria acre

what impels you pl not to forgive every injury that may have been done to you, and that you should not be about to sue [because of] it?


bricht

bricht (nominative singular)
bricht (dual nominative)
brechtae (nominative plural)
bricht (singular vocative)
bricht (dual vocative)
brechtu (plural vocative)
bricht (accusative singular)
bricht (accusative dual)
brechtu (accusative plural)
brechto (genitive singular)
brechta (genitive singular)
brechto (dual genitive)
brechta (dual genitive)
brechtae (genitive plural)
bricht (dative singular)
brechtaib (dative dual)
brechtaib (dative plural)
bricht (mutation mutation-radical)
bricht (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbricht (mutation)

Middle Irish: bricht

Irish: briocht


fuar

fuär (canonical neuter)
fuar (nominative singular)
fuar (dual nominative)
fuar (nominative plural)
fúra (nominative plural)
fuar (singular vocative)
fuar (dual vocative)
fuar (plural vocative)
fúra (plural vocative)
fuar (accusative singular)
fuar (accusative dual)
fuar (accusative plural)
fúra (accusative plural)
fuair (genitive singular)
fuar (dual genitive)
fuar (genitive plural)
fuar (dative singular)
fuaraib (dative dual)
fuaraib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: fúr m

Irish: fúr

.i. trisin fuarinbudcaid .i. tri Iohain. Fo·ruar inna inbotha .i. do·rigni tochmarc inna ecailse do Chríst.

i.e. through the bridesman [lit. preparation-of-marriage-(person)], i.e. through John. [John] had prepared the nuptials i.e. he had wooed the Church for Christ.

a fuar inna mbiad [⁊]rl

verbal noun of fo·fera: provision, preparation


biri

second-person singular present indicative absolute of beirid


dég

From di (“from”) + fíach (“debt”), literally "from the debt of".

in sechtugud .i. tabairt almsan son ⁊ denum maith amal dund·gniid-si huare ad·ciat-som do·n-indnagar cech maith duibsi deg innanani-sin [leg. inna n-í-sin].

The deception, i.e. giving alms and doing good, as you do it, because they see that every good thing is given to you because of those things.

.i. deg i[n]d ainmnedo hó cho[m]s[uidigud].

i.e. because of the nominative by composition.


dég

Middle Irish: déig

Lín a ḟertae maic Dé bí, ní·raisnedat cit ecnae, dég is du híic cech duini do·dechuid mo chlothruiri.

The number of the son of the living God's miracles, not even sages can tell, because it is for saving every person that my famous King has come.

Is díriuch a ndechor deg cinte persana.

Right is their difference since they define persons.

.i. dég ro·bói in spiurt nóib less.

That is, because the Holy Spirit has been with him.


muntar

muntar (nominative singular)
muntair (dual nominative)
muntara (nominative plural)
muntar (singular vocative)
muntair (dual vocative)
muntara (plural vocative)
muntair (accusative singular)
muntair (accusative dual)
muntara (accusative plural)
muntaire (genitive singular)
muntar (dual genitive)
muntar (genitive plural)
muntair (dative singular)
muntaraib (dative dual)
muntaraib (dative plural)
muntar (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmuntar after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
muntar (mutation mutation-nasal)


bili

bili (mutation mutation-radical)
bili (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbili (mutation)


to-

prefix used to create verbs and associated verbal nouns


lud

·lud (canonical)
·lud (mutation mutation-radical)
also ·llud (mutation mutation-radical)
·lud (mutation mutation-nasal)

first-person singular preterite conjunct of téit


berat

·berat (canonical)
·berat (mutation mutation-radical)
·berat (mutation mutation-nasal)
·mberat (mutation)

third-person plural present indicative/subjunctive conjunct of beirid


áru

áru f or n (genitive árann, nominative plural árainn)

árann (genitive)
árainn (nominative plural)
áru (nominative singular)
árainn (dual nominative)
árainn (nominative plural)
áru (singular vocative)
árainn (dual vocative)
áirne (plural vocative)
árainn (accusative singular)
árainn (accusative dual)
áirne (accusative plural)
árann (genitive singular)
árann (dual genitive)
árann (genitive plural)
árainn (dative singular)
árnib (dative dual)
árnib (dative plural)
áru (mutation mutation-radical)
n-áru (mutation)

From Proto-Celtic *ārū. Cognate with Welsh aren and perhaps more distantly with Hittite [script needed] (ḫaḫri-), Latin rēn, and Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”).


imbe

imbi (genitive)
imbe (nominative singular)
imbe (dual nominative)
imbe (nominative plural)
imbe (singular vocative)
imbe (dual vocative)
imbe (plural vocative)
imbe (accusative singular)
imbe (accusative dual)
imbe (accusative plural)
imbi (genitive singular)
imbe (dual genitive)
imbe (genitive plural)
imbiu (dative singular)
imbib (dative dual)
imbib (dative plural)
imbe (mutation mutation-radical)
n-imbe (mutation)


fiche

fiche m (genitive singular fichet, nominative plural fichit)

fichet (genitive singular)
fichit (nominative plural)
fiche (nominative singular)
fichit (dual nominative)
fichit (nominative plural)
fiche (singular vocative)
fichit (dual vocative)
fichtea (plural vocative)
fichit (accusative singular)
fichit (accusative dual)
fichtea (accusative plural)
fichet (genitive singular)
fichet (dual genitive)
fichet (genitive plural)
fichit (dative singular)
fichtib (dative dual)
fichtib (dative plural)
fiche (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟiche (mutation mutation-nasal)
fiche (mutation)

Irish: fiche

Manx: feed

Scottish Gaelic: fichead

From Proto-Celtic *wikantī, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wih₁ḱm̥t, from *dwi(h₁)dḱm̥ti (“two-ten”).

fiche ar chét

one hundred and twenty [lit. twenty in front of a hundred]

De Ira, published in "An Irish Penitential", Ériu vol. 7, page 166, edited and with translations by Edward J. Gwynn
Nech marbus a mac nó a ingin, peinnid blíadain ar xx.it.

Anyone who kills their son or daughter [must do] 21 years [lit. a year in front of twenty] in penance.


ardi

ardi (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ardi (mutation)

Alternative spelling of airdi: genitive singular of arde


fili

fili m (genitive filed, nominative plural filid)

filed (genitive)
filid (nominative plural)
fili (nominative singular)
filid (dual nominative)
fili (dual nominative)
filid (nominative plural)
fili (singular vocative)
filid (dual vocative)
fili (dual vocative)
fileda (plural vocative)
filid (accusative singular)
filid (accusative dual)
fili (accusative dual)
fileda (accusative plural)
filed (genitive singular)
filed (dual genitive)
filed (genitive plural)
filid (dative singular)
filedaib (dative dual)
filedaib (dative plural)
fili (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟili (mutation mutation-nasal)
fili (mutation)

Irish: file

Manx: feelee

Scottish Gaelic: filidh

From Primitive Irish ᚃᚓᚂᚔᚈᚐᚄ (velitas), from Proto-Celtic *welīts.

In tan labratar ind ḟilid a persin inna ṅdea, do·gniat primam ⁊ secundam in illis.

When the poets speak in the person of the gods, they make a first and second [person] in them.

Middle Irish: filidechtIrish: filíochtManx: feeleeaghtScottish Gaelic: filidheachd


clé

clé (masculine nominative singular)
clé (feminine nominative singular)
clé (neuter nominative singular)
clí (masculine singular vocative)
clé (feminine singular vocative)
clé (neuter singular vocative)
clé (accusative masculine singular)
clí (accusative feminine singular)
clé (accusative neuter singular)
clí (genitive masculine singular)
clé (feminine genitive singular)
clí (genitive neuter singular)
clíu (dative masculine singular)
clí (dative feminine singular)
clíu (dative neuter singular)
clí (masculine nominative plural)
clí (feminine neuter nominative plural)
clí (masculine plural vocative)
clíu (masculine plural vocative)
clí (feminine neuter plural vocative)
clí (accusative masculine plural)
clíu (accusative masculine plural)
clí (accusative feminine neuter plural)
clé (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
cléib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
clé (mutation mutation-radical)
chlé (mutation mutation-nasal)
clé (mutation)

Middle Irish: clé

Irish: clé

Scottish Gaelic: clì

Manx: clee


damu

damu (mutation mutation-radical)
damu (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndamu (mutation)


cuir

cuir (mutation mutation-radical)
chuir (mutation mutation-nasal)
cuir (mutation)


arde

arde n (genitive ardi, nominative plural arde)

ardi (genitive)
arde (nominative plural)
arde (nominative singular)
arde (dual nominative)
arde (nominative plural)
arde (singular vocative)
arde (dual vocative)
arde (plural vocative)
arde (accusative singular)
arde (accusative dual)
arde (accusative plural)
ardi (genitive singular)
arde (dual genitive)
arde (genitive plural)
ardiu (dative singular)
ardib (dative dual)
ardib (dative plural)
arde (mutation mutation-radical)
n-arde (mutation)


lega

·lega (canonical)
·lega (mutation mutation-radical)
also ·llega (mutation mutation-radical)
·lega (mutation mutation-nasal)

third-person singular present indicative conjunct of legaid


tí

tí (nominative singular)
tíg (dual nominative)
tíg (nominative plural)
tí (singular vocative)
tíg (dual vocative)
tíga (plural vocative)
tíg (accusative singular)
tíg (accusative dual)
tíga (accusative plural)
tíg (genitive singular)
tíg (dual genitive)
tíg (genitive plural)
tíg (dative singular)
tígaib (dative dual)
tígaib (dative plural)

table
From Proto-Celtic *tīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg- (“to cover”).

der

Gabthae tí chorcrae imon ríg lasa senad co ndimbríg.
Ba do genuch fo·cres sin níbu dúthracht a chumtaig.
The king was dressed with a purple cloak   by the contemptible assembly.

It was for mocking that it was put [over him];   it was not a desire to cover him.


tí

·tí (canonical)
·tí (mutation mutation-radical)
·thí (mutation mutation-nasal)
·tí (mutation)

third-person singular present subjunctive prototonic of do·icc


séta

séta (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡéta (mutation mutation-nasal)


bem

·bem (canonical)
·bem (mutation mutation-radical)
·bem (mutation mutation-nasal)
·mbem (mutation)

first-person plural present subjunctive conjunct of at·tá


tó

·tó (canonical)
·tó (mutation mutation-radical)
·thó (mutation mutation-nasal)
·tó (mutation)

first-person singular present progressive conjunct of at·tá


dumu

dumu (mutation mutation-radical)
dumu (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndumu (mutation)


ruis

ruis (mutation mutation-radical)
also rruis after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
ruis (mutation mutation-nasal)

inflection of ros:
vocative/genitive singular

inflection of ros:
nominative plural (both etymologies)


sír

head

sír (comparative síriu, superlative sírem)

síriu (comparative)
sírem (superlative)
sír (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡír (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: síor

Manx: sheer-

Scottish Gaelic: sìor

From Proto-Celtic *sīros (“long”) (compare Welsh hir, Breton hir, and Cornish hyr).


mucca

mucca (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmucca after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
mucca (mutation mutation-nasal)

nominative/vocative/accusative plural of mucc


cene

third-person singular masculine/neuter of cen: without him/it


cene

Irish: cheana

Manx: hannah

Scottish Gaelic: cheana


fedan

fednae (genitive)
fedan (nominative singular)
fedan (singular vocative)
fedain (accusative singular)
fednae (genitive singular)
fedain (dative singular)
fedan (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟedan (mutation mutation-nasal)
fedan (mutation)

Middle Irish: fedan (“band, company”)

Irish: feadhain

Scottish Gaelic: feadhainn

From Proto-Celtic *wedonā, an unusual double-thematic formation in -o-nā. Two other basic verbal nouns, mlegon (“milking”) (from *mlig-o-nos) and orcun (“slaying”) (from *org-e-nā) also have double-thematic *-V-no/ā- formations. Their closest parallels are Proto-Germanic *-aną and past participles in *-anaz, in addition to Slavic past passive participles in original -enъ.

…arad cacha fedna[e], crand fedna[e] collna…

…[a rack] for each carriage, wood for carrying bodies [in biers]…

inna fednae ― glosses Latin invectionis

verbal noun of feidid: carrying, conveying

.i. nabad inunn fedan i mbeith.

i.e. let not the yoke in which you pl are be the same.


cinn

cinn (mutation mutation-radical)
chinn (mutation mutation-nasal)
cinn (mutation)


mide

midi (genitive)
mide (nominative singular)
midi (singular vocative)
mide (accusative singular)
midi (genitive singular)
midiu (dative singular)
mide (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmide after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
mide (mutation mutation-nasal)

Middle Irish: mide

Irish: mí

From Proto-Celtic *medyos, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos.


sona

Irish: sona

Manx: sonney

Scottish Gaelic: sona

sona (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡona (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *sugnāwos (“well grown”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”).


ná

Middle Irish: ná

Irish: ná

Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme

table
Uncertain. According to Matasović originally short /na/, from Proto-Celtic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“not”). According to Dunkel from Proto-Celtic *nā, from Proto-Indo-European *nó-h₁, from *ne + adverbial suffix *-h₁. In Old Irish the expected outcome would be *nú in a final syllable. The variant with á would adopted from originally disyllabic forms like nád (relative) and nách (before infixed pronoun).

Ná bíth i cobadlus doïb, ar atá torad la gnímu soilse .i. praemia aeterna ní ḟil immurgu acht infructuosa.

Do not be in fellowship with them, for there is fruit with works of light, i.e. praemia aeterna. There is nothing [with works of darkness], however, save infructuosa.

Hóre ammi maicc laí et soilse, ná seichem nahísiu.

Since we are children of day and light, let us not follow these things.

Ná déne ainmnit.
Do not show patience.

don’t, let…not (particle used to introduce a negative imperative)


ná

Middle Irish: ná

Irish: ná

table
Maybe from Proto-Celtic *nāwe (“or not”), from Proto-Indo-European *nó-h₁ (“not”) + *-we (“or”). Compare nó (“or”).

.i. ní·frithalim-se rucai na m‑mebuil dam hisa suithin ma fris·accar hi t-ainm-siu a dǽ

i.e. I expect neither shame nor disgrace to me for ever, if I hope in Your name, O God.


loc

loc (masculine nominative singular stem)
loc (dual masculine nominative stem)
luic (masculine nominative plural stem)
luic (masculine singular stem vocative)
loc (dual masculine stem vocative)
lucu (masculine plural stem vocative)
loc (accusative masculine singular stem)
loc (accusative dual masculine stem)
lucu (accusative masculine plural stem)
luic (genitive masculine singular stem)
loc (dual genitive masculine stem)
loc (genitive masculine plural stem)
luc (dative masculine singular stem)
locaib (dative dual masculine stem)
locaib (dative masculine plural stem)
loc (mutation mutation-radical)
also lloc after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ending in a vowel (mutation mutation-radical)
loc (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: log

Borrowed from Proto-Brythonic *llog (whence Welsh llog), from Latin locus.

Cía thés hí loc bes ardu, ní ardu de; ní samlid són dúnni, air ⟨im⟩mi ardu-ni de tri dul isna lucu arda.

Though he may go into a higher place, he is not the higher; this is not the case for us, for we are the higher through going into the high places.

place (usually inhabited, or suited thereto)


sund

sund (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡund (mutation mutation-nasal)

Cognate with Welsh hwn (“this”) and Proto-Celtic *sindos (“this”) (see sin and in).


téged

·téged (canonical)
·téged (mutation mutation-radical)
·théged (mutation mutation-nasal)
·téged (mutation)


cú

cú m (genitive con, nominative plural coin)

con (genitive)
coin (nominative plural)
cú (nominative singular)
coin (dual nominative)
coin (nominative plural)
cú (singular vocative)
coin (dual vocative)
cona (plural vocative)
coin (accusative singular)
coin (accusative dual)
cona (accusative plural)
con (genitive singular)
con (dual genitive)
con (genitive plural)
coin (dative singular)
cú (dative singular)
conaib (dative dual)
conaib (dative plural)
cú (mutation mutation-radical)
chú (mutation mutation-nasal)
cú (mutation)

desctree

Middle Irish: cú
Irish: cú
Manx: coo
Scottish Gaelic: cù

From Primitive Irish ᚉᚒᚅᚐ (cuna, genitive), from Proto-Celtic *kū (compare Welsh ci), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.


ching

cing (mutation mutation-radical)
ching (mutation mutation-nasal)
cing (mutation)


áss

áss (nominative singular)
áss (singular vocative)
áss (accusative singular)
áiss (genitive singular)
áss (dative singular)
áss (mutation mutation-radical)
n-áss (mutation)

Middle Irish: ás

Irish: fás

Scottish Gaelic: fàs

Manx: aase

From Proto-Celtic *ɸāstom, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect, shepherd”).

der

Uisse in boill dó ass ón chiunn.

[It is] proper for the members to grow from the head.


fáilte

fáilte (nominative singular)
fáilti (dual nominative)
fáilti (nominative plural)
fáilte (singular vocative)
fáilti (dual vocative)
fáilti (plural vocative)
fáilti (accusative singular)
fáilti (accusative dual)
fáilti (accusative plural)
fáilte (genitive singular)
fáilte (dual genitive)
fáilte (genitive plural)
fáilti (dative singular)
fáiltib (dative dual)
fáiltib (dative plural)

desctree

Middle Irish: fáilte
Irish: fáilte
Manx: failt
Scottish Gaelic: fàilte

[ˈɸaːl͈ʲtʲe]

From Proto-Celtic *wāletiyā. By surface analysis, fáilid + -e.
Cognate with Old English wele, wela, willan (“to wish”), Latin volō (“to want”).

Bed indbadigthi .i. bed chuintechti .i. cid fáilte ad·cot-sa ⁊ du·ngnéu, is túsu immid·folngi dam, a Dǽ; cid indeb dano ad·cot, is tú, Dǽ, immid·folngi dam.

To be enriched, i.e. to be sought, i.e. though it is joy that I obtain and make, it is you who effects it for me, O God; so too, though it is wealth that I obtain, it is you, God, who effects it for me.


fáilte

fáilte (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟáilte (mutation mutation-nasal)
fáilte (mutation)

[ˈɸaːl͈ʲtʲe]

inflection of fáilid:
feminine genitive singular

inflection of fáilid:
all genders genitive plural


folo

folo (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟolo (mutation mutation-nasal)
folo (mutation)


scara

third-person singular present indicative conjunct of scaraid


failte

failte (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟailte (mutation mutation-nasal)
failte (mutation)


dunni

dunni (mutation mutation-radical)
dunni (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndunni (mutation)


sinni

Irish: sinn

Scottish Gaelic: sinn

Manx: shin

From *sisni, dissimilated from Proto-Celtic *snisni, from *snīs (“we”) (compare Welsh nini, ni).

Is sinni.


berr

berr (masculine nominative singular)
berr (feminine nominative singular)
berr (neuter nominative singular)
birr (masculine singular vocative)
berr (masculine singular vocative)
berr (feminine singular vocative)
berr (neuter singular vocative)
berr (accusative masculine singular)
birr (accusative feminine singular)
berr (accusative neuter singular)
birr (genitive masculine singular)
birre (feminine genitive singular)
birr (genitive neuter singular)
biurr (dative masculine singular)
birr (dative feminine singular)
biurr (dative neuter singular)
birr (masculine nominative plural)
berra (feminine neuter nominative plural)
birru (masculine plural vocative)
berra (masculine plural vocative)
berra (feminine neuter plural vocative)
birru (accusative masculine plural)
berra (accusative masculine plural)
berra (accusative feminine neuter plural)
berr (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
berraib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)


berr

·berr (canonical)
berr (mutation mutation-radical)
berr (mutation mutation-nasal)
mberr (mutation)

third-person singular preterite conjunct of berraid


derb

derbu (comparative)
derb (masculine nominative singular)
derb (feminine nominative singular)
derb (neuter nominative singular)
deirb (masculine singular vocative)
derb (masculine singular vocative)
derb (feminine singular vocative)
derb (neuter singular vocative)
derb (accusative masculine singular)
deirb (accusative feminine singular)
derb (accusative neuter singular)
deirb (genitive masculine singular)
deirbe (feminine genitive singular)
deirb (genitive neuter singular)
derb (dative masculine singular)
deirb (dative feminine singular)
derb (dative neuter singular)
deirb (masculine nominative plural)
derba (feminine neuter nominative plural)
derbu (masculine plural vocative)
derba (masculine plural vocative)
derba (feminine neuter plural vocative)
derbu (accusative masculine plural)
derba (accusative masculine plural)
derba (accusative feminine neuter plural)
derb (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
derbaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)
derb (mutation mutation-radical)
derb (mutation mutation-nasal)
nderb (mutation)

Irish: dearbh

Manx: jarroo

Scottish Gaelic: dearbh

From Proto-Celtic *derwos (“firm”), from Proto-Indo-European *drewh₂- (“steady, firm”), extension of *dóru (“tree”). Compare Old English trīewe, English true.

der

ɔ eperthae cía aiccent ⁊ cisí aimser derb thechtas

so that it might be said what accent and what certain time it has


éta

·éta (canonical)
·éta (mutation mutation-radical)
·n-éta (mutation)

third-person singular present indicative prototonic

second/third-person singular present subjunctive prototonic


cria

·crïa (canonical)
·crïa (mutation mutation-radical)
·chrïa (mutation mutation-nasal)
·crïa (mutation)

third-person singular present subjunctive conjunct of crenaid


broon

broon (mutation mutation-radical)
broon (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbroon (mutation)


bede

second-person plural present subjunctive of is