fet

head

fet f (genitive fite or feite, nominative plural feta)

fite (genitive)
feite (genitive)
feta (nominative plural)
fet (nominative singular)
fit (dual nominative)
feta (nominative plural)
fet (singular vocative)
fit (dual vocative)
feta (plural vocative)
fit (accusative singular)
fit (accusative dual)
feta (accusative plural)
fite (genitive singular)
fet (dual genitive)
fet (genitive plural)
fit (dative singular)
fetaib (dative dual)
fetaib (dative plural)
fet (nominative singular)
feit (dual nominative)
feta (nominative plural)
fet (singular vocative)
feit (dual vocative)
feta (plural vocative)
feit (accusative singular)
feit (accusative dual)
feta (accusative plural)
feite (genitive singular)
fet (dual genitive)
fet (genitive plural)
feit (dative singular)
fetaib (dative dual)
fetaib (dative plural)
fet
ḟet
fet

Irish: fead

Manx: fed

Scottish Gaelic: fead

From Proto-Celtic *swizdā, from Proto-Celtic *swizdeti (“to blow”). Related to Old Irish séitid and Welsh chwythu (“to blow”), Breton c'hwezh and Welsh chwyth (“breath”).

is cosmart do rétaib ind ḟet

whistling, hissing, the sound of a sword cleaving the air


ór

óir (genitive)
ór (nominative singular)
ór (singular vocative)
ór (accusative singular)
óir (genitive singular)
ór (dative singular)
ór
n-ór

Irish: ór

Manx: airh

Scottish Gaelic: òr


fén

fén m (genitive féoin, nominative plural féoin)

féoin (genitive)
féoin (nominative plural)
fén (masculine nominative singular stem)
fén (dual masculine nominative stem)
féoin (masculine nominative plural stem)
féoin (masculine singular stem vocative)
fén (dual masculine stem vocative)
féonu (masculine plural stem vocative)
fén (accusative masculine singular stem)
fén (accusative dual masculine stem)
féonu (accusative masculine plural stem)
féoin (genitive masculine singular stem)
fén (dual genitive masculine stem)
fén (genitive masculine plural stem)
fén (dative masculine singular stem)
fénaib (dative dual masculine stem)
fénaib (dative masculine plural stem)
fén
ḟén
fén

Irish: féan

From Proto-Celtic *wegnos, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰnos, from Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ- (“to go, transport”).


nau

naue (genitive)
nau (nominative singular)
nau (dual nominative)
noa (nominative plural)
nau (singular vocative)
nau (dual vocative)
noa (plural vocative)
nau (accusative singular)
nau (accusative dual)
noa (accusative plural)
naue (genitive singular)
nau (dual genitive)
nau (genitive plural)
nau (dative singular)
noïb (dative dual)
noïb (dative plural)

Middle Irish: nó, nóe
Irish: nae

From Proto-Celtic *nāwā, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂us. Cognate with Latin navis and Ancient Greek ναῦς (naûs)


argat

argait (genitive)
argat (nominative singular)
argat (singular vocative)
argat (accusative singular)
argait (genitive singular)
argut (dative singular)
argat
n-argat

Irish: airgead

Manx: argid

Scottish Gaelic: airgead

From Proto-Celtic *argantom (“silver”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥ǵn̥tóm (“silver”, literally “that which is shining”), from the root *h₂erǵ- (“to shine”). Cognate with Latin argentum and Old Armenian արծաթ (arcatʻ).


scían

scían (nominative singular)
scín (dual nominative)
scéna (nominative plural)
scían (singular vocative)
scín (dual vocative)
scéna (plural vocative)
scín (accusative singular)
scín (accusative dual)
scéna (accusative plural)
scéine (genitive singular)
scine (genitive singular)
scían (dual genitive)
scén (dual genitive)
scían (genitive plural)
scén (genitive plural)
scín (dative singular)
scénaib (dative dual)
scénaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: scian

Irish: scian

Manx: skynn

Scottish Gaelic: sgian

desctree

→ Middle English: skene, sceyne
English: skean, skene, skeyn

→ Old Welsh: *scien

Middle Welsh: ysgien

Welsh: ysgien

Originally disyllabic scïan. From Proto-Celtic *skiyenā, from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut”). According to some it is borrowed from Latin s(a)cēna (“sacrificial axe”).


claideb

head

claideb m (genitive claidib, nominative plural claidib)

claidib (genitive)
claidib (nominative plural)
claideb (masculine nominative singular stem)
claideb (dual masculine nominative stem)
claidib (masculine nominative plural stem)
claidib (masculine singular stem vocative)
claideb (dual masculine stem vocative)
claidbiu (masculine plural stem vocative)
claideb (accusative masculine singular stem)
claideb (accusative dual masculine stem)
claidbiu (accusative masculine plural stem)
claidib (genitive masculine singular stem)
claideb (dual genitive masculine stem)
claideb (genitive masculine plural stem)
claidiub (dative masculine singular stem)
claidbib (dative dual masculine stem)
claidbib (dative masculine plural stem)
claideb
chlaideb
claideb

Middle Irish: claidem

Irish: claíomh, claidheamh

Manx: cliwe

Scottish Gaelic: claidheamh

From Proto-Celtic *kladiwos. Compare Welsh cleddyf, Breton klezeñv.


forc

Irish: forc

Scottish Gaelic: forc, forca


líach

líach (nominative singular)
léig (dual nominative)
líacha (nominative plural)
líach (singular vocative)
léig (dual vocative)
líacha (plural vocative)
léig (accusative singular)
léig (accusative dual)
líacha (accusative plural)
léige (genitive singular)
líach (dual genitive)
líach (genitive plural)
léig (dative singular)
líachaib (dative dual)
líachaib (dative plural)

Alternative form of líag (“spoon, ladle”)


íarn

íarn n or m (genitive íairn or éirn, nominative plural íairn or éirn)

íairn (genitive)
éirn (genitive)
íairn (nominative plural)
éirn (nominative plural)
íarn (nominative singular)
íarn (dual nominative)
íarn (nominative plural)
íarna (nominative plural)
íarn (singular vocative)
íarn (dual vocative)
íarn (plural vocative)
íarna (plural vocative)
íarn (accusative singular)
íarn (accusative dual)
íarn (accusative plural)
íarna (accusative plural)
ïairn (genitive singular)
íarn (dual genitive)
íarn (genitive plural)
ïurn (dative singular)
íarnaib (dative dual)
íarnaib (dative plural)
íarn (nominative singular)
íarn (dual nominative)
íarn (nominative plural)
íarna (nominative plural)
íarn (singular vocative)
íarn (dual vocative)
íarn (plural vocative)
íarna (plural vocative)
íarn (accusative singular)
íarn (accusative dual)
íarn (accusative plural)
íarna (accusative plural)
éirn (genitive singular)
íarn (dual genitive)
íarn (genitive plural)
íarn (dative singular)
íarnaib (dative dual)
íarnaib (dative plural)
íarn (masculine nominative singular stem)
íarn (dual masculine nominative stem)
ïairn (masculine nominative plural stem)
ïairn (masculine singular stem vocative)
íarn (dual masculine stem vocative)
íarnu (masculine plural stem vocative)
íarn (accusative masculine singular stem)
íarn (accusative dual masculine stem)
íarnu (accusative masculine plural stem)
ïairn (genitive masculine singular stem)
íarn (dual genitive masculine stem)
íarn (genitive masculine plural stem)
ïurn (dative masculine singular stem)
íarnaib (dative dual masculine stem)
íarnaib (dative masculine plural stem)
íarn (masculine nominative singular stem)
íarn (dual masculine nominative stem)
éirn (masculine nominative plural stem)
éirn (masculine singular stem vocative)
íarn (dual masculine stem vocative)
íarnu (masculine plural stem vocative)
íarn (accusative masculine singular stem)
íarn (accusative dual masculine stem)
íarnu (accusative masculine plural stem)
éirn (genitive masculine singular stem)
íarn (dual genitive masculine stem)
íarn (genitive masculine plural stem)
íarn (dative masculine singular stem)
íarnaib (dative dual masculine stem)
íarnaib (dative masculine plural stem)
íarn
n-íarn

Irish: iarann

Manx: yiarn

Scottish Gaelic: iarann

From Proto-Celtic *īsarnom (compare Welsh haearn, Breton houarn), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésh₂r̥.


clár

clár (nominative singular)
clár (dual nominative)
clár (nominative plural)
clára (nominative plural)
clár (singular vocative)
clár (dual vocative)
clár (plural vocative)
clára (plural vocative)
clár (accusative singular)
clár (accusative dual)
clár (accusative plural)
clára (accusative plural)
cláir (genitive singular)
clár (dual genitive)
clár (genitive plural)
clár (dative singular)
cláraib (dative dual)
cláraib (dative plural)
clár
chlár
clár

Irish: clár

Manx: claare

Scottish Gaelic: clàr

From Proto-Celtic *klārom (“plank, board, table”) (compare Proto-Brythonic *klọr), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂ro- (“plank”) (compare Ancient Greek κλῆρος (klêros, “lot, piece of wood for casting lots”)), probably from *kelh₂- (“to cut down”).


saiget

head

saiget f (genitive saigte, nominative plural saigtea)

saigte (genitive)
saigtea (nominative plural)
saiget (nominative singular)
saigit (dual nominative)
saigtea (nominative plural)
saiget (singular vocative)
saigit (dual vocative)
saigtea (plural vocative)
saigit (accusative singular)
saigit (accusative dual)
saigtea (accusative plural)
saigte (genitive singular)
saiget (dual genitive)
saiget (genitive plural)
saigit (dative singular)
saigtib (dative dual)
saigtib (dative plural)
saiget
ṡaiget

Middle Irish: saiget

Irish: saighead

Manx: side

Scottish Gaelic: saighead

.i. céin no·mbetis inna saigtea tuidmithi inna feuil nadɔ·biad íc do.

As long as the arrows stayed stuck to his flesh, there would thus be no healing for him.


crott

crott (nominative singular)
croitt (dual nominative)
crotta (nominative plural)
crott (singular vocative)
croitt (dual vocative)
crotta (plural vocative)
croitt (accusative singular)
croitt (accusative dual)
crotta (accusative plural)
croitte (genitive singular)
crott (dual genitive)
crott (genitive plural)
croitt (dative singular)
crottaib (dative dual)
crottaib (dative plural)
crott
chrott
crott

Irish: cruit

Manx: cruitçh

Scottish Gaelic: cruit

From Proto-Celtic *kruttos (“string instrument, womb, round object”), whence Welsh crwth (“fiddle, hump”), Breton kourzh (“vagina”), and Cornish crothak (“abdomen, uterus”). Further origin unclear, perhaps related to Latvian krūtis (“breast, bust”), or to Proto-Celtic *krundis (“round”).


reithe

head

reithe m (genitive reithi, nominative plural reithi)

reithi (genitive)
reithi (nominative plural)
reithe (nominative singular)
reithe (dual nominative)
reithi (nominative plural)
reithi (singular vocative)
reithe (dual vocative)
reithiu (plural vocative)
reithe (accusative singular)
reithe (accusative dual)
reithiu (accusative plural)
reithi (genitive singular)
reithe (dual genitive)
reithe (genitive plural)
reithiu (dative singular)
reithib (dative dual)
reithib (dative plural)

Irish: reithe

Scottish Gaelic: reithe

From Proto-Celtic *retios, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁r-i-(e)t- (“certain domestic animal”); also compare *h₁er- (“earth”).


sroigell

sroigill (genitive)
sroigell (nominative singular)
sroigell (dual nominative)
sroigle (nominative plural)
sroigella (nominative plural)
sroigell (singular vocative)
sroigell (dual vocative)
sroigle (plural vocative)
sroigella (plural vocative)
sroigell (accusative singular)
sroigell (accusative dual)
sroigle (accusative plural)
sroigella (accusative plural)
sroigill (genitive singular)
sroigell (dual genitive)
sroigell (genitive plural)
sroigell (dative singular)
sroiglib (dative dual)
sroiglib (dative plural)
sroigell
ṡroigell

Irish: sroigheall

Presumably ultimately from Latin flagellum, but intermediate forms are uncertain; compare Welsh ffrewyll.


brao

broon (genitive)
brao (nominative singular)
bráu (nominative singular)
broo (nominative singular)
brao (singular vocative)
bráu (singular vocative)
broo (singular vocative)
broïn (accusative singular)
broon (genitive singular)
broïn (dative singular)
brao (dative singular)
brao
mbrao

Middle Irish: bró

Irish: bró

Scottish Gaelic: brà

From Proto-Celtic *brawū (“millstone”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂wō (“heavy stone”), from *gʷréh₂us (“heavy”).

Tuarcain do·fuaircitis inna grán la arsidi resiu arista brao.

The grains used to be crushed by pounding by the ancients before a quern was invented.

broon glosses Latin molae

c. 850, Book of Armagh, folio 10ᵃ2, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus, vol. 2, p. 45


áel

áel (nominative singular)
áel (dual nominative)
áel (nominative plural)
áela (nominative plural)
áel (singular vocative)
áel (dual vocative)
áel (plural vocative)
áela (plural vocative)
áel (accusative singular)
áel (accusative dual)
áel (accusative plural)
áela (accusative plural)
aïl (genitive singular)
áel (dual genitive)
áel (genitive plural)
aíul (dative singular)
áelaib (dative dual)
áelaib (dative plural)
áel
n-áel

Middle Irish: áel

Irish: adhal

Manx: aall

Scottish Gaelic: adhal

Matasović reconstructs a Proto-Celtic *ausetlom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“to scoop”), but he does not explain how this word fails to leave any trace of au- or ó, the normal reflexes of Proto-Celtic *au- in Old Irish.


biáil

bïáil (canonical masculine)
béla (genitive)
biáil (nominative singular)
biáil (dual nominative)
belai (nominative plural)
biáil (singular vocative)
biáil (dual vocative)
belai (plural vocative)
biáil (accusative singular)
biáil (accusative dual)
belai (accusative plural)
belo (genitive singular)
bela (genitive singular)
belo (dual genitive)
bela (dual genitive)
belae (genitive plural)
biáil (dative singular)
belaib (dative dual)
belaib (dative plural)
biáil
mbiáil

Middle Irish: bíail

Irish: biail

From Proto-Celtic *biyatlis, from the root of *binati (whence benaid). Cognate with Welsh bwyell.

Is déniu ad·ciam húa ṡúlib risíu ro·cloammar in fogur húa chluasaib, ut est is toísigiu ad·ciam teilciud in béla resíu ro·cloammar a guth sidi.

We see more quickly with the eyes before we hear the sound with the ears, ut est we see the throwing of the axe sooner before we hear the sound of this.

.i. do·cer in biail dia samthig issa mmuir 7 fo·caird Eleseus a samthig inna diad 7 do·luid in biail a rithissi ar chenn in samthige co mboi impe.

That is, the ax-head fell from its handle into the sea and Elisha flung its handle after it and the ax-head came again to meet the handle and remained around it.


indéin

Middle Irish: indeóin, inneóin

Irish: inneoin

Manx: ingan

Scottish Gaelic: innean

Stokes reconstructs Proto-Celtic *andebnis, from *ande- + the root of benaid (“to strike”). However, modern scholarship holds that benaid comes from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike, hit”) and that the n is part of the present suffix, not part of the root. On the other hand, Stokes’ etymology of benaid lists Sanskrit हन्ति (hanti, “to strike, smite”) and Ancient Greek θείνω (theínō, “to strike, wound”) as cognates, meaning he associated it with Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“to strike, kill”) (the source of gonaid (“to wound”)). It is thus possible to reconstruct Proto-Celtic *andegʷnis as the source of this as well as the Brythonic cognates (Old Welsh ennian, Welsh einion; Old Cornish ennian, Cornish anwan; Middle Breton anneffn, Breton annev).
The form *andegʷnis is expected to give *indéoin, and that does appear as expected in Middle Irish inneóin and Modern Irish inneoin, suggesting that the spelling indéin (which occurs only once) may be a scribal error.
Alternatively, Pedersen reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *n̥dʰi-ponis (giving Proto-Celtic *andeɸonis in our notation), which would be cognate with Lithuanian pìnti (“to plait”), Old Church Slavonic пѧти (pęti, “to tie, fix”), Ancient Greek πένομαι (pénomai, “to toil, labor”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)penh₁- (“to twist, weave”). However, this connection is semantically less plausible than the connection with verbs meaning “strike, hit”.