ag

ag (neuter nominative singular)
ag (dual neuter nominative)
aige (neuter nominative plural)
ag (neuter singular vocative)
ag (dual neuter vocative)
aige (neuter plural vocative)
ag (accusative neuter singular)
ag (accusative dual neuter)
aige (accusative neuter plural)
aige (genitive neuter singular)
aige (dual genitive neuter)
aige (genitive neuter plural)
aig (dative neuter singular)
aigib (dative dual neuter)
aigib (dative neuter plural)
ag (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ag (mutation)

Irish: agh

Scottish Gaelic: agh ‘heifer’

From Proto-Celtic *agos (“cow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵHos. Compare Old Armenian եզն (ezn), Sanskrit अही (ahī́).


art

art (masculine nominative singular stem)
art (dual masculine nominative stem)
airt (masculine nominative plural stem)
airt (masculine singular stem vocative)
art (dual masculine stem vocative)
artu (masculine plural stem vocative)
art (accusative masculine singular stem)
art (accusative dual masculine stem)
artu (accusative masculine plural stem)
airt (genitive masculine singular stem)
art (dual genitive masculine stem)
art (genitive masculine plural stem)
art (dative masculine singular stem)
artaib (dative dual masculine stem)
artaib (dative masculine plural stem)
art (mutation mutation-radical)
n-art (mutation)

From Proto-Celtic *artos (“bear”) (compare Cornish arth, Welsh arth), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos (“bear”).


bran

head

bran m (genitive brain or broin, nominative plural brain or broin)

brain (genitive)
broin (genitive)
brain (nominative plural)
broin (nominative plural)
bran (masculine nominative singular stem)
bran (dual masculine nominative stem)
brain (masculine nominative plural stem)
brain (masculine singular stem vocative)
bran (dual masculine stem vocative)
branu (masculine plural stem vocative)
bran (accusative masculine singular stem)
bran (accusative dual masculine stem)
branu (accusative masculine plural stem)
brain (genitive masculine singular stem)
bran (dual genitive masculine stem)
bran (genitive masculine plural stem)
bran (dative masculine singular stem)
branaib (dative dual masculine stem)
branaib (dative masculine plural stem)
bran (mutation mutation-radical)
bran (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbran (mutation)

Irish: bran

From Primitive Irish ᚁᚏᚐᚅᚐ (brana), from Proto-Celtic *branos (“raven”), from Proto-Indo-European *werneh₂- (“crow”) (compare Tocharian B wrauña, Lithuanian várna).


boc

boc m (genitive buic, nominative plural buic)

buic (genitive)
buic (nominative plural)
boc (masculine nominative singular stem)
bocc (masculine nominative singular stem)
boc (dual masculine nominative stem)
bocc (dual masculine nominative stem)
buic (masculine nominative plural stem)
buicc (masculine nominative plural stem)
buic (masculine singular stem vocative)
buicc (masculine singular stem vocative)
boc (dual masculine stem vocative)
bocc (dual masculine stem vocative)
buccu (masculine plural stem vocative)
boc (accusative masculine singular stem)
bocc (accusative masculine singular stem)
boc (accusative dual masculine stem)
bocc (accusative dual masculine stem)
buccu (accusative masculine plural stem)
buic (genitive masculine singular stem)
buicc (genitive masculine singular stem)
boc (dual genitive masculine stem)
bocc (dual genitive masculine stem)
boc (genitive masculine plural stem)
bocc (genitive masculine plural stem)
buc (dative masculine singular stem)
bucc (dative masculine singular stem)
bocaib (dative dual masculine stem)
bocaib (dative masculine plural stem)
boc (mutation mutation-radical)
boc (mutation mutation-nasal)
mboc (mutation)

Irish: boc

Scottish Gaelic: boc

Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑ái fon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.

It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let go to the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.


dam

daim (genitive)
dam (masculine nominative singular stem)
dam (dual masculine nominative stem)
daim (masculine nominative plural stem)
doim (masculine nominative plural stem)
daim (masculine singular stem vocative)
doim (masculine singular stem vocative)
dam (dual masculine stem vocative)
daumu (masculine plural stem vocative)
dumu (masculine plural stem vocative)
damu (masculine plural stem vocative)
dam (accusative masculine singular stem)
dam (accusative dual masculine stem)
daumu (accusative masculine plural stem)
dumu (accusative masculine plural stem)
damu (accusative masculine plural stem)
daim (genitive masculine singular stem)
doim (genitive masculine singular stem)
dam (dual genitive masculine stem)
dam (genitive masculine plural stem)
daum (dative masculine singular stem)
dum (dative masculine singular stem)
dam (dative masculine singular stem)
damaib (dative dual masculine stem)
damaib (dative masculine plural stem)

desctree

Middle Irish: dam
Irish: damh
Manx: dow
Scottish Gaelic: damh

From Proto-Celtic *damos, from Proto-Indo-European *dm̥h₂-ó- (“bull”) (compare Albanian dem (“bullock”), Ancient Greek δάμαλος (dámalos, “calf”)), from *demh₂- (“to tame”) (compare Old Irish daimid (“to allow, give in”), Latin domō, English tame).


dam

hind, cow (old feminine form of previous)


dam

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

first-person singular present subjunctive conjunct

inflection of daimid:
second-person singular imperative


dam

dam (mutation mutation-radical)
dam (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndam (mutation)


orc

orc (masculine nominative singular stem)
orc (dual masculine nominative stem)
oirc (masculine nominative plural stem)
oirc (masculine singular stem vocative)
orc (dual masculine stem vocative)
orcu (masculine plural stem vocative)
orc (accusative masculine singular stem)
orc (accusative dual masculine stem)
orcu (accusative masculine plural stem)
oirc (genitive masculine singular stem)
orc (dual genitive masculine stem)
orc (genitive masculine plural stem)
orc (dative masculine singular stem)
orcaib (dative dual masculine stem)
orcaib (dative masculine plural stem)
orc (mutation mutation-radical)
n-orc (mutation)

Irish: arc

Manx: ark

From Proto-Celtic *ɸorkos, from Proto-Indo-European *pórḱos. Cognate with Latin porcus and English farrow.


marc

head

marc m (genitive mairc, nominative plural mairc)

mairc (genitive)
mairc (nominative plural)
marc (masculine nominative singular stem)
marc (dual masculine nominative stem)
mairc (masculine nominative plural stem)
mairc (masculine singular stem vocative)
marc (dual masculine stem vocative)
marcu (masculine plural stem vocative)
marc (accusative masculine singular stem)
marc (accusative dual masculine stem)
marcu (accusative masculine plural stem)
mairc (genitive masculine singular stem)
marc (dual genitive masculine stem)
marc (genitive masculine plural stem)
marc (dative masculine singular stem)
marcaib (dative dual masculine stem)
marcaib (dative masculine plural stem)
marc (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmarc after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
marc (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: marc

Scottish Gaelic: marc

From Proto-Celtic *markos (“horse”). Cognate with Welsh march, Breton marc’h, and beyond Celtic with Old English mearh (“horse”).


fern

fern f (genitive fernae, nominative plural ferna)

fernae (genitive)
ferna (nominative plural)
fern (nominative singular)
feirn (dual nominative)
ferna (nominative plural)
fern (singular vocative)
feirn (dual vocative)
ferna (plural vocative)
feirn (accusative singular)
feirn (accusative dual)
ferna (accusative plural)
fernae (genitive singular)
fern (dual genitive)
fern (genitive plural)
feirn (dative singular)
fernaib (dative dual)
fernaib (dative plural)
fern (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟern (mutation mutation-nasal)
fern (mutation)

Irish: fearn

⇒ Irish: fearnóg

Manx: farney

Scottish Gaelic: feàrna

From Proto-Celtic *wernā (compare Welsh gwern). Cognate with Old Armenian գերան (geran).


irar

irar m (genitive irair, nominative plural irair)

irair (genitive)
irair (nominative plural)
irar (masculine nominative singular stem)
irar (dual masculine nominative stem)
irair (masculine nominative plural stem)
irair (masculine singular stem vocative)
irar (dual masculine stem vocative)
iraru (masculine plural stem vocative)
irar (accusative masculine singular stem)
irar (accusative dual masculine stem)
iraru (accusative masculine plural stem)
irair (genitive masculine singular stem)
irar (dual genitive masculine stem)
irar (genitive masculine plural stem)
irar (dative masculine singular stem)
iraraib (dative dual masculine stem)
iraraib (dative masculine plural stem)
irar (mutation mutation-radical)
n-irar (mutation)

Middle Irish: ilar

Irish: iolar

Scottish Gaelic: iolair

Manx: urley

From Proto-Celtic *eriros (compare Welsh eryr, Breton erer), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō (“large bird”).


torc

torc (masculine nominative singular stem)
torc (dual masculine nominative stem)
tuirc (masculine nominative plural stem)
tuirc (masculine singular stem vocative)
torc (dual masculine stem vocative)
turcu (masculine plural stem vocative)
torc (accusative masculine singular stem)
torc (accusative dual masculine stem)
turcu (accusative masculine plural stem)
tuirc (genitive masculine singular stem)
torc (dual genitive masculine stem)
torc (genitive masculine plural stem)
turc (dative masculine singular stem)
torcaib (dative dual masculine stem)
torcaib (dative masculine plural stem)
torc (mutation mutation-radical)
thorc (mutation mutation-nasal)
torc (mutation)

Irish: torc


én

head

én m (genitive éuin or éoin, nominative plural éuin or éoin)

éuin (genitive)
éoin (genitive)
éuin (nominative plural)
éoin (nominative plural)
én (masculine nominative singular stem)
én (dual masculine nominative stem)
éuin (masculine nominative plural stem)
éuin (masculine singular stem vocative)
én (dual masculine stem vocative)
éunu (masculine plural stem vocative)
én (accusative masculine singular stem)
én (accusative dual masculine stem)
éunu (accusative masculine plural stem)
éuin (genitive masculine singular stem)
én (dual genitive masculine stem)
én (genitive masculine plural stem)
éun (dative masculine singular stem)
énaib (dative dual masculine stem)
énaib (dative masculine plural stem)

Irish: éan

Manx: eean

Scottish Gaelic: eun

⇒ Middle Irish: senén


ner

ner m (genitive neir, nominative plural neir)

neir (genitive)
neir (nominative plural)
ner (masculine nominative singular stem)
ner (dual masculine nominative stem)
neir (masculine nominative plural stem)
neir (masculine singular stem vocative)
ner (dual masculine stem vocative)
neuru (masculine plural stem vocative)
ner (accusative masculine singular stem)
ner (accusative dual masculine stem)
neuru (accusative masculine plural stem)
neir (genitive masculine singular stem)
ner (dual genitive masculine stem)
ner (genitive masculine plural stem)
neur (dative masculine singular stem)
neraib (dative dual masculine stem)
neraib (dative masculine plural stem)
ner (mutation mutation-radical)
also nner after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
ner (mutation mutation-nasal)

After Witczak, from Proto-Celtic *eɸros (“boar”), from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)epros (“boar”), with the n- arising from rebracketing of the demonstrative-final n in accusative *ton eɸron, i.e. overgeneralisation of the nasal mutation. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *eburaz, Latin aper, and (with a prefix) Proto-Slavic *veprь. Witczak rejects Pokorny's derivation from Proto-Celtic *nero- (“hero”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nḗr (“man, male”).


molt

molt m (genitive muilt, nominative plural muilt)

muilt (genitive)
muilt (nominative plural)
molt (masculine nominative singular stem)
molt (dual masculine nominative stem)
muilt (masculine nominative plural stem)
muilt (masculine singular stem vocative)
molt (dual masculine stem vocative)
moltu (masculine plural stem vocative)
molt (accusative masculine singular stem)
molt (accusative dual masculine stem)
moltu (accusative masculine plural stem)
muilt (genitive masculine singular stem)
molt (dual genitive masculine stem)
molt (genitive masculine plural stem)
molt (dative masculine singular stem)
moltaib (dative dual masculine stem)
moltaib (dative masculine plural stem)
molt (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmolt after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
molt (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: molt

Manx: mohlt

Scottish Gaelic: mult

From Proto-Celtic *moltos (“sheep”) (compare Welsh mollt, Gaulish *multon-, source of French mouton).


oí

oí (nominative singular)
aí (nominative singular)
oí (dual nominative)
aí (dual nominative)
oí (nominative plural)
aí (nominative plural)
oí (singular vocative)
aí (singular vocative)
oí (dual vocative)
aí (dual vocative)
oí (plural vocative)
aí (plural vocative)
oí (accusative singular)
aí (accusative singular)
oí (accusative dual)
aí (accusative dual)
oí (accusative plural)
aí (accusative plural)
óe (genitive singular)
óe (dual genitive)
óe (genitive plural)
oí (dative singular)
aí (dative singular)
oíb (dative dual)
oíb (dative plural)

From Proto-Celtic *owis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis.


og

og n or m or f (genitive ugae, nominative plural ugae)

ugae (genitive)
ugae (nominative plural)
og (neuter nominative singular)
og (dual neuter nominative)
ugae (neuter nominative plural)
og (neuter singular vocative)
og (dual neuter vocative)
ugae (neuter plural vocative)
og (accusative neuter singular)
og (accusative dual neuter)
ugae (accusative neuter plural)
ugae (genitive neuter singular)
ugae (dual genitive neuter)
ugae (genitive neuter plural)
uig (dative neuter singular)
ugaib (dative dual neuter)
ugaib (dative neuter plural)
og (mutation mutation-radical)
n-og (mutation)

Irish: ubh

Manx: ooh

Scottish Gaelic: ugh

Uncertain. Originally a neuter s-stem, perhaps *ugos. Apparently not from Proto-Celtic *āuyom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm. Perhaps connected to 'óg' ('young')


catt

caitt (genitive)
catt (masculine nominative singular stem)
catt (dual masculine nominative stem)
caitt (masculine nominative plural stem)
caitt (masculine singular stem vocative)
catt (dual masculine stem vocative)
cattu (masculine plural stem vocative)
catt (accusative masculine singular stem)
catt (accusative dual masculine stem)
cattu (accusative masculine plural stem)
caitt (genitive masculine singular stem)
catt (dual genitive masculine stem)
catt (genitive masculine plural stem)
catt (dative masculine singular stem)
cattaib (dative dual masculine stem)
cattaib (dative masculine plural stem)
catt (mutation mutation-radical)
chatt (mutation mutation-nasal)
catt (mutation)

Irish: cat

Manx: kayt

Scottish Gaelic: cat

⇒ Middle Irish: caittín

From Proto-Celtic *kattos, either borrowed from or cognate with Latin cattus, which is possibly from Afroasiatic, but see cat for more.

catt ab eo quod est cattus
catt from that which is cattus


luch

luch f (genitive lochad, nominative plural lochaid)

lochad (genitive)
lochaid (nominative plural)
luch (nominative singular)
lochaid (dual nominative)
luch (dual nominative)
lochaid (nominative plural)
luch (singular vocative)
lochaid (dual vocative)
luch (dual vocative)
lochtha (plural vocative)
lochaid (accusative singular)
lochaid (accusative dual)
luch (accusative dual)
lochtha (accusative plural)
lochad (genitive singular)
lochad (dual genitive)
lochad (genitive plural)
lochaid (dative singular)
lochthaib (dative dual)
lochthaib (dative plural)
luch (mutation mutation-radical)
also lluch after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
luch (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: luch

Manx: lugh

Scottish Gaelic: luch

From Proto-Celtic *lukūts; cognate with Welsh llygod.


coll

coll (masculine nominative singular stem)
coll (dual masculine nominative stem)
cuill (masculine nominative plural stem)
cuill (masculine singular stem vocative)
coll (dual masculine stem vocative)
cullu (masculine plural stem vocative)
coll (accusative masculine singular stem)
coll (accusative dual masculine stem)
cullu (accusative masculine plural stem)
cuill (genitive masculine singular stem)
coll (dual genitive masculine stem)
coll (genitive masculine plural stem)
cull (dative masculine singular stem)
collaib (dative dual masculine stem)
collaib (dative masculine plural stem)

Irish: coll

Manx: coull

Scottish Gaelic: coll

table
From Proto-Celtic *koslos (“hazel”), from Proto-Indo-European *kóslos (“hazel”) (compare Welsh cyll).

hazel (tree or shrub of the genus Corylus)


lus

lus (nominative singular)
lus (dual nominative)
losae (nominative plural)
lus (singular vocative)
lus (dual vocative)
losu (plural vocative)
lus (accusative singular)
lus (accusative dual)
losu (accusative plural)
loso (genitive singular)
losa (genitive singular)
loso (dual genitive)
losa (dual genitive)
losae (genitive plural)
lus (dative singular)
losaib (dative dual)
losaib (dative plural)
lus (mutation mutation-radical)
also llus after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
lus (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: lus

Manx: lus

Scottish Gaelic: lus

From Proto-Celtic *lussus (“medicinal herb, vegetable”), likely influenced by Proto-Celtic *lubā (“herb, plant”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“leaf”).


cú

head

cú m (genitive con, nominative plural coin)

con (genitive)
coin (nominative plural)
cú (nominative singular)
coin (dual nominative)
coin (nominative plural)
cú (singular vocative)
coin (dual vocative)
cona (plural vocative)
coin (accusative singular)
coin (accusative dual)
cona (accusative plural)
con (genitive singular)
con (dual genitive)
con (genitive plural)
coin (dative singular)
cú (dative singular)
conaib (dative dual)
conaib (dative plural)
cú (mutation mutation-radical)
chú (mutation mutation-nasal)
cú (mutation)

desctree

Middle Irish: cú
Irish: cú
Manx: coo
Scottish Gaelic: cù

From Primitive Irish ᚉᚒᚅᚐ (cuna, genitive), from Proto-Celtic *kū (compare Welsh ci), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.


lon

lon (masculine nominative singular stem)
lon (dual masculine nominative stem)
luin (masculine nominative plural stem)
luin (masculine singular stem vocative)
lon (dual masculine stem vocative)
lunu (masculine plural stem vocative)
lon (accusative masculine singular stem)
lon (accusative dual masculine stem)
lunu (accusative masculine plural stem)
luin (genitive masculine singular stem)
lon (dual genitive masculine stem)
lon (genitive masculine plural stem)
lun (dative masculine singular stem)
lonaib (dative dual masculine stem)
lonaib (dative masculine plural stem)
lon (mutation mutation-radical)
also llon after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
lon (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: lon, lon dubh

Manx: lhondoo, lhonnag

Scottish Gaelic: lon, lon-dubh

According to Stokes, from Proto-Celtic *lux-no-, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“to shine”).


bó

head

bó f (genitive bóu or bó, nominative plural baí)

bóu (genitive)
bó (genitive)
baí (nominative plural)
bó (nominative singular)
baí (dual nominative)
baí (nominative plural)
bó (singular vocative)
baí (dual vocative)
bú (plural vocative)
boin (accusative singular)
baí (accusative dual)
bú (accusative plural)
bóu (genitive singular)
bó (genitive singular)
bó (dual genitive)
báo (genitive plural)
bó (genitive plural)
boin (dative singular)
buaib (dative dual)
buaib (dative plural)
bó (mutation mutation-radical)
bó (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbó (mutation)

Irish: bó

Manx: booa

Scottish Gaelic: bó, bò

From Proto-Celtic *bāus, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws.


rón

róin (genitive)
rón (masculine nominative singular stem)
rón (dual masculine nominative stem)
róin (masculine nominative plural stem)
róin (masculine singular stem vocative)
rón (dual masculine stem vocative)
rónu (masculine plural stem vocative)
rón (accusative masculine singular stem)
rón (accusative dual masculine stem)
rónu (accusative masculine plural stem)
róin (genitive masculine singular stem)
rón (dual genitive masculine stem)
rón (genitive masculine plural stem)
rón (dative masculine singular stem)
rónaib (dative dual masculine stem)
rónaib (dative masculine plural stem)
rón (mutation mutation-radical)
also rrón after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
rón (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: rón

Unknown. Cognate with Welsh moelrhon (“seal”), which is prefixed with moel (“bald", i.e., "earless”), and Welsh Rhonech, "Steep Holm" (i.e., "place of seals"). Stifter dismisses traditional connections with Welsh rhawn (“coarse animal hair”) as implausible, and supposes that it is instead a Wanderwort from elsewhere. The DIL compares Old English hran (“whale”), but the short vowel of the latter makes it unlikely that the Irish word is borrowed from the English.


ette

ette f (genitive ette, nominative plural etti)

ette (genitive)
etti (nominative plural)
ette (nominative singular)
etti (dual nominative)
etti (nominative plural)
ette (singular vocative)
etti (dual vocative)
etti (plural vocative)
etti (accusative singular)
etti (accusative dual)
etti (accusative plural)
ette (genitive singular)
ette (dual genitive)
ette (genitive plural)
etti (dative singular)
ettib (dative dual)
ettib (dative plural)
ette (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ette (mutation)

Irish: eite, eiteog

Manx: fedjag

Scottish Gaelic: ite, iteag

From Proto-Celtic *ɸettiyā, from *ɸeteti (“to fly”), from Proto-Indo-European *peth₂- (“to fly”).

ettech

winged; having fins; having wing-like appendages; flying, fluttering


capall

capall m (genitive capaill, nominative plural capaill)

capaill (genitive)
capaill (nominative plural)
capall (masculine nominative singular stem)
capall (dual masculine nominative stem)
capaill (masculine nominative plural stem)
capaill (masculine singular stem vocative)
capall (dual masculine stem vocative)
caipliu (masculine plural stem vocative)
capall (accusative masculine singular stem)
capall (accusative dual masculine stem)
caipliu (accusative masculine plural stem)
capaill (genitive masculine singular stem)
capall (dual genitive masculine stem)
capall (genitive masculine plural stem)
capull (dative masculine singular stem)
caiplib (dative dual masculine stem)
caiplib (dative masculine plural stem)
capall (mutation mutation-radical)
chapall (mutation mutation-nasal)
capall (mutation)

Irish: capall

Manx: cabbyl

Scottish Gaelic: capall

→ Old Norse: kapall

Icelandic: kapall

Uncertain. The Old Irish /p/ and the /f/ in Welsh ceffyl suggest an earlier *pp, making it impossible to be directly related to Gaulish Caballo-, which occurs in proper nouns. A common source of the Irish and Welsh words could be a hypothetical Vulgar Latin *cappillus, some kind of contamination of caballus (“horse”) and capellus (“small goat”). Latin caballus is assumed to be a borrowing from Gaulish. This might in turn be a Wanderwort originating in Asia, compare Ancient Greek καβάλλης (kabállēs, “a nag”).


damán

damán (masculine nominative singular stem)
damán (dual masculine nominative stem)
damáin (masculine nominative plural stem)
damáin (masculine singular stem vocative)
damán (dual masculine stem vocative)
damánu (masculine plural stem vocative)
damán (accusative masculine singular stem)
damán (accusative dual masculine stem)
damánu (accusative masculine plural stem)
damáin (genitive masculine singular stem)
damán (dual genitive masculine stem)
damán (genitive masculine plural stem)
damán (dative masculine singular stem)
damánaib (dative dual masculine stem)
damánaib (dative masculine plural stem)


tarb

head

tarb m (genitive tairb, nominative plural tairb)

tairb (genitive)
tairb (nominative plural)
tarb (masculine nominative singular stem)
tarb (dual masculine nominative stem)
tairb (masculine nominative plural stem)
tairb (masculine singular stem vocative)
tarb (dual masculine stem vocative)
tarbu (masculine plural stem vocative)
tarb (accusative masculine singular stem)
tarb (accusative dual masculine stem)
tarbu (accusative masculine plural stem)
tairb (genitive masculine singular stem)
tarb (dual genitive masculine stem)
tarb (genitive masculine plural stem)
tarb (dative masculine singular stem)
tarbaib (dative dual masculine stem)
tarbaib (dative masculine plural stem)
tarb (mutation mutation-radical)
tharb (mutation mutation-nasal)
tarb (mutation)

Irish: tarbh

Manx: tarroo

Scottish Gaelic: tarbh

desctree

→ Old Norse: tarfr
Faroese: tarvur m
Icelandic: tarfur m

From Proto-Celtic *tarwos (compare Gaulish taruos), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros (compare Latin taurus).


cruim

cruim (nominative singular)
cruim (dual nominative)
crumai (nominative plural)
cruim (singular vocative)
cruim (dual vocative)
crumai (plural vocative)
cruim (accusative singular)
cruim (accusative dual)
crumai (accusative plural)
crumo (genitive singular)
cruma (genitive singular)
crumo (dual genitive)
cruma (dual genitive)
crumae (genitive plural)
cruim (dative singular)
crumaib (dative dual)
crumaib (dative plural)
cruim (mutation mutation-radical)
chruim (mutation mutation-nasal)
cruim (mutation)

Irish: cruimh

Scottish Gaelic: cnuimh

q

compare Irish <i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">crumhóg</i> (“maggot”)

⇒ Manx: crooag (compare Irish crumhóg (“maggot”))

From Proto-Celtic *kʷrimis, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷŕ̥mis (“worm”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic чрьвь (črĭvĭ), Sanskrit कृमि (kṛ́mi, “worm”).


míl

head

míl n (genitive míl, nominative plural míla or míl)

míl (genitive)
míla (nominative plural)
míl (nominative plural)
míl (nominative singular)
míl (dual nominative)
míl (nominative plural)
míla (nominative plural)
míl (singular vocative)
míl (dual vocative)
míl (plural vocative)
míla (plural vocative)
míl (accusative singular)
míl (accusative dual)
míl (accusative plural)
míla (accusative plural)
míl (genitive singular)
míl (dual genitive)
míl (genitive plural)
míl (dative singular)
mílaib (dative dual)
mílaib (dative plural)
míl (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmíl after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
míl (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: míol

Manx: meeyl

Scottish Gaelic: mial

From Proto-Celtic *mīlom (compare Welsh mil), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₁l- (compare Dutch maal (“calf”), Ancient Greek μῆλον (mêlon, “sheep”)).


fér

fér n (genitive féuir, nominative plural féra)

féuir (genitive)
féra (nominative plural)
fér (nominative singular)
fér (dual nominative)
fér (nominative plural)
féra (nominative plural)
fér (singular vocative)
fér (dual vocative)
fér (plural vocative)
féra (plural vocative)
fér (accusative singular)
fér (accusative dual)
fér (accusative plural)
féra (accusative plural)
féuir (genitive singular)
fér (dual genitive)
fér (genitive plural)
féor (dative singular)
féraib (dative dual)
féraib (dative plural)
fér (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟér (mutation mutation-nasal)
fér (mutation)

Irish: féar

Manx: faiyr

Scottish Gaelic: feur

From Proto-Celtic *wegrom (“grass”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weg- (“increase, enlarge”) via a sense ‘outgrowth’. Cognate with Cornish gora and Welsh gwair (“hay”).


bláth

bláth (nominative singular)
bláth (dual nominative)
bláthae (nominative plural)
bláth (singular vocative)
bláth (dual vocative)
bláthu (plural vocative)
bláth (accusative singular)
bláth (accusative dual)
bláthu (accusative plural)
blátho (genitive singular)
blátha (genitive singular)
blátho (dual genitive)
blátha (dual genitive)
bláthae (genitive plural)
bláth (dative singular)
bláthaib (dative dual)
bláthaib (dative plural)
bláth (mutation mutation-radical)
bláth (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbláth (mutation)

Irish: bláth

Manx: blaa

Scottish Gaelic: blàth

From Proto-Celtic *blātus, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”).


íasc

head

íasc m (genitive éisc, nominative plural éisc)

éisc (genitive)
éisc (nominative plural)
íasc (masculine nominative singular stem)
íasc (dual masculine nominative stem)
éisc (masculine nominative plural stem)
éisc (masculine singular stem vocative)
íasc (dual masculine stem vocative)
íascu (masculine plural stem vocative)
íasc (accusative masculine singular stem)
íasc (accusative dual masculine stem)
íascu (accusative masculine plural stem)
éisc (genitive masculine singular stem)
íasc (dual genitive masculine stem)
íasc (genitive masculine plural stem)
íasc (dative masculine singular stem)
íascaib (dative dual masculine stem)
íascaib (dative masculine plural stem)
íasc (mutation mutation-radical)
n-íasc (mutation)

Irish: iasc

Manx: eeast

Scottish Gaelic: iasg

From Proto-Celtic *ɸēskos, from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-.


mucc

mucc f (genitive muicce, nominative plural mucca)

muicce (genitive)
mucca (nominative plural)
mucc (nominative singular)
muicc (dual nominative)
mucca (nominative plural)
mucc (singular vocative)
muicc (dual vocative)
mucca (plural vocative)
muicc (accusative singular)
muicc (accusative dual)
mucca (accusative plural)
muicce (genitive singular)
mucc (dual genitive)
mucc (genitive plural)
muicc (dative singular)
muccaib (dative dual)
muccaib (dative plural)
mucc (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmucc after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
mucc (mutation mutation-nasal)

desctree

Middle Irish: mucc
Irish: muc
Manx: muc
Scottish Gaelic: muc

From Proto-Celtic *mokkus (compare Welsh moch, Cornish mogh, Breton moc’h).

pig


scíath

scíath (masculine nominative singular stem)
scíath (dual masculine nominative stem)
scéith (masculine nominative plural stem)
scéith (masculine singular stem vocative)
scíath (dual masculine stem vocative)
scíathu (masculine plural stem vocative)
scíath (accusative masculine singular stem)
scíath (accusative dual masculine stem)
scíathu (accusative masculine plural stem)
scéith (genitive masculine singular stem)
scíath (dual genitive masculine stem)
scíath (genitive masculine plural stem)
scíath (dative masculine singular stem)
scíathaib (dative dual masculine stem)
scíathaib (dative masculine plural stem)

Irish: sciath

Scottish Gaelic: sgiath

table
From Proto-Celtic *skētos (compare Breton skoed (“shield”)), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, separate”). Compare Latin scūtum, Old Church Slavonic щитъ (štitŭ).


cúan

cúan (nominative singular)
cúain (dual nominative)
cúana (nominative plural)
cúan (singular vocative)
cúain (dual vocative)
cúana (plural vocative)
cúain (accusative singular)
cúain (accusative dual)
cúana (accusative plural)
cúaine (genitive singular)
cúan (dual genitive)
cúan (genitive plural)
cúain (dative singular)
cúanaib (dative dual)
cúanaib (dative plural)
cúan (mutation mutation-radical)
chúan (mutation mutation-nasal)
cúan (mutation)

Middle Irish: cúan

If the original sense was "pack of animals, pups," formed from cú (“dog”). Or otherwise from Proto-Celtic *kounos, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂wp-o-, which is related to Proto-Slavic *kupъ (“heap”), possibly also Proto-Germanic *haupaz.


lóeg

head

lóeg m (genitive loíg, nominative plural loíg)

loíg (genitive)
loíg (nominative plural)
lóeg (masculine nominative singular stem)
lóeg (dual masculine nominative stem)
loíg (masculine nominative plural stem)
loíg (masculine singular stem vocative)
lóeg (dual masculine stem vocative)
lóegu (masculine plural stem vocative)
lóeg (accusative masculine singular stem)
lóeg (accusative dual masculine stem)
lóegu (accusative masculine plural stem)
loíg (genitive masculine singular stem)
lóeg (dual genitive masculine stem)
lóeg (genitive masculine plural stem)
lóeg (dative masculine singular stem)
lóegaib (dative dual masculine stem)
lóegaib (dative masculine plural stem)
lóeg (mutation mutation-radical)
also llóeg after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
lóeg (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: lao

Manx: lheiy

Scottish Gaelic: laogh

From Proto-Celtic *lāɸigos (“calf”) (compare Welsh llo, Cornish leugh), diminutive from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂p- (“cattle”) (compare Latvian lùops (“cattle”), Albanian lopë (“cow”)).


láir

láir (nominative singular)
láir (dual nominative)
láiri (nominative plural)
láir (singular vocative)
láir (dual vocative)
láiri (plural vocative)
láir (accusative singular)
láir (accusative dual)
láiri (accusative plural)
láro (genitive singular)
lára (genitive singular)
láro (dual genitive)
lára (dual genitive)
láire (genitive plural)
láir (dative singular)
láirib (dative dual)
láirib (dative plural)

Irish: láir

Manx: laair

Scottish Gaelic: làir

From Proto-Celtic *ɸlārexs, possibly related to Albanian pelë (“mare”).


ech

ech m (genitive eich, nominative plural eich)

eich (genitive)
eich (nominative plural)
ech (masculine nominative singular stem)
ech (dual masculine nominative stem)
eich (masculine nominative plural stem)
eich (masculine singular stem vocative)
ech (dual masculine stem vocative)
eochu (masculine plural stem vocative)
ech (accusative masculine singular stem)
ech (accusative dual masculine stem)
eochu (accusative masculine plural stem)
eich (genitive masculine singular stem)
ech (dual genitive masculine stem)
ech (genitive masculine plural stem)
eoch (dative masculine singular stem)
echaib (dative dual masculine stem)
echaib (dative masculine plural stem)
ech (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ech (mutation)

Middle Irish: each

Irish: each

Manx: agh, eagh

Scottish Gaelic: each

From Primitive Irish *ᚓᚊᚐᚄ (*eqas), from Proto-Celtic *ekʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos (“horse”). Cognates include Latin equus, Ancient Greek ἵππος (híppos), Sanskrit अश्व (áśva) and Old Armenian էշ (ēš, “donkey”).


cuilén

culíuin (nominative plural)
cuilén (masculine nominative singular stem)
cuilén (dual masculine nominative stem)
culíuin (masculine nominative plural stem)
culíuin (masculine singular stem vocative)
cuilén (dual masculine stem vocative)
cuilénu (masculine plural stem vocative)
cuilén (accusative masculine singular stem)
cuilén (accusative dual masculine stem)
cuilénu (accusative masculine plural stem)
culíuin (genitive masculine singular stem)
cuilén (dual genitive masculine stem)
cuilén (genitive masculine plural stem)
cuilén (dative masculine singular stem)
cuilénaib (dative dual masculine stem)
cuilénaib (dative masculine plural stem)
cuilén (mutation mutation-radical)
chuilén (mutation mutation-nasal)
cuilén (mutation)

Middle Irish: cuilén

Irish: coileán

Manx: quallian

Scottish Gaelic: cuilean

From Proto-Celtic *kolignos (“whelp”), possibly borrowed from a non-Indo-European substrate language.


ubull

ubull (nominative singular)
ubull (dual nominative)
ubull (nominative plural)
ubla (nominative plural)
ubull (singular vocative)
ubull (dual vocative)
ubull (plural vocative)
ubla (plural vocative)
ubull (accusative singular)
ubull (accusative dual)
ubull (accusative plural)
ubla (accusative plural)
ubuill (genitive singular)
ubull (dual genitive)
ubull (genitive plural)
ubull (dative singular)
ublaib (dative dual)
ublaib (dative plural)
ubull (mutation mutation-radical)
n-ubull (mutation)

desctree

Middle Irish: uball
Irish: úll
Manx: ooyl
Scottish Gaelic: ubhal

From Proto-Celtic *abūl (“apple”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl.


gabor

gabair (genitive)
gabor (masculine nominative singular stem)
gabor (dual masculine nominative stem)
gabair (masculine nominative plural stem)
gabair (masculine singular stem vocative)
gabor (dual masculine stem vocative)
gabru (masculine plural stem vocative)
gabor (accusative masculine singular stem)
gabor (accusative dual masculine stem)
gabru (accusative masculine plural stem)
gabair (genitive masculine singular stem)
gabor (dual genitive masculine stem)
gabor (genitive masculine plural stem)
gabor (dative masculine singular stem)
gabraib (dative dual masculine stem)
gabraib (dative masculine plural stem)
gabor (mutation mutation-radical)
gabor (mutation mutation-nasal)
ngabor (mutation)

Irish: gabhar

Manx: goayr

Scottish Gaelic: gobhar

From Proto-Celtic *gabros (“he-goat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kápros (“male hooved animal”). Cognate with Latin caper (“goat”) and Ancient Greek κάπρος (kápros, “wild boar”).


damán allaid

damáin allaid (genitive)
damán allaid (masculine nominative singular stem)
damán altai (dual masculine nominative stem)
damáin altai (masculine nominative plural stem)
damáin allaid (masculine singular stem vocative)
damán altai (dual masculine stem vocative)
damánu altai (masculine plural stem vocative)
damán n-allaid (accusative masculine singular stem)
damán altai (accusative dual masculine stem)
damánu altai (accusative masculine plural stem)
damáin allaid (genitive masculine singular stem)
damán allaid (dual genitive masculine stem)
damán n-allaid (genitive masculine plural stem)
damán allaid (dative masculine singular stem)
damánaib altaib (dative dual masculine stem)
damánaib altaib (dative masculine plural stem)
damán allaid (mutation mutation-radical)
damán allaid (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndamán allaid (mutation)

Irish: damhán alla

Manx: doo-oallee

Scottish Gaelic: damhan-allaidh

[ˈdaβ̃aːn ˈal͈ɨðʲ]

From damán (“calf, fawn”) + allaid (“wild”).

of the spiders

inna ndamán n-allaid [translating aranearum]


cailech

head

cailech m (genitive cailig, nominative plural cailig)

cailig (genitive)
cailig (nominative plural)
cailech (masculine nominative singular stem)
cailech (dual masculine nominative stem)
cailig (masculine nominative plural stem)
cailig (masculine singular stem vocative)
cailech (dual masculine stem vocative)
cailechu (masculine plural stem vocative)
cailech (accusative masculine singular stem)
cailech (accusative dual masculine stem)
cailechu (accusative masculine plural stem)
cailig (genitive masculine singular stem)
cailech (dual genitive masculine stem)
cailech (genitive masculine plural stem)
cailech (dative masculine singular stem)
cailechaib (dative dual masculine stem)
cailechaib (dative masculine plural stem)
cailech (mutation mutation-radical)
chailech (mutation mutation-nasal)
cailech (mutation)

Irish: coileach

Manx: kellagh

Scottish Gaelic: coileach

From Proto-Celtic *kalyākos, from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“call”).


adarc

adarc f (genitive adarcae, nominative plural adarca)

adarcae (genitive)
adarca (nominative plural)
adarc (nominative singular)
adairc (dual nominative)
adarca (nominative plural)
adarc (singular vocative)
adairc (dual vocative)
adarca (plural vocative)
adairc (accusative singular)
adairc (accusative dual)
adarca (accusative plural)
adarcae (genitive singular)
adarc (dual genitive)
adarc (genitive plural)
adairc (dative singular)
adarcaib (dative dual)
adarcaib (dative plural)
adarc (mutation mutation-radical)
n-adarc (mutation)

Irish: adharc

Manx: eairk

Scottish Gaelic: adharc

Unknown; perhaps a loanword from a pre-Celtic substrate source; perhaps cognate with or a borrowing to or from Basque adar.

tob di humu fo chosmailius n-adarcae side

a trumpet of bronze in the shape of a horn

nanní fris·oirc doib fa·scannat hua n-adarcaib

whatever offends them, they toss it with their horns

orgain humaidi fo chosmailius n-adarcae

bronze instruments in the shape of a horn


fiach

fïach (canonical masculine)
fïaich (nominative plural)
fïach (masculine nominative singular stem)
fïach (dual masculine nominative stem)
fïaich (masculine nominative plural stem)
fïaich (masculine singular stem vocative)
fïach (dual masculine stem vocative)
fïachu (masculine plural stem vocative)
fïach (accusative masculine singular stem)
fïach (accusative dual masculine stem)
fïachu (accusative masculine plural stem)
fïaich (genitive masculine singular stem)
fïach (dual genitive masculine stem)
fïach (genitive masculine plural stem)
fïuch (dative masculine singular stem)
fïachaib (dative dual masculine stem)
fïachaib (dative masculine plural stem)
fïach (mutation mutation-radical)
ḟïach (mutation mutation-nasal)
fïach (mutation)

Irish: fiach

Manx: feeagh

Scottish Gaelic: fitheach


fíad

fíad (nominative singular)
fíad (dual nominative)
fíadae (nominative plural)
fíad (singular vocative)
fíad (dual vocative)
fíadu (plural vocative)
fíad (accusative singular)
fíad (accusative dual)
fíadu (accusative plural)
fíado (genitive singular)
fíada (genitive singular)
fíado (dual genitive)
fíada (dual genitive)
fíadae (genitive plural)
fíad (dative singular)
fíadaib (dative dual)
fíadaib (dative plural)

Irish: fia

Manx: feeaih

Scottish Gaelic: fiadh

From Proto-Celtic *wēdus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-u-s.


macc tíre

Irish: mac tíre

macc tíre (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmacc tíre after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
macc tíre (mutation mutation-nasal)


sebac

sebac (masculine nominative singular stem)
sebac (dual masculine nominative stem)
sebaic (masculine nominative plural stem)
sebaic (masculine singular stem vocative)
sebac (dual masculine stem vocative)
sebcu (masculine plural stem vocative)
sebac (accusative masculine singular stem)
sebac (accusative dual masculine stem)
sebcu (accusative masculine plural stem)
sebaic (genitive masculine singular stem)
sebac (dual genitive masculine stem)
sebac (genitive masculine plural stem)
sebuc (dative masculine singular stem)
sebcaib (dative dual masculine stem)
sebcaib (dative masculine plural stem)
sebac (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡebac (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: seabhac

Manx: shawk

Scottish Gaelic: seabhag

Borrowed from Old English heafoc. The change of initial consonant is due to a reinterpretation of /h/ as the lenited equivalent of /s/.


cú allaid

cú allaid m (genitive unattested, nominative plural coin altai)

coin altai (nominative plural)
cú allaid (nominative singular)
coin altai (dual nominative)
coin altai (nominative plural)
cú allaid (singular vocative)
coin altai (dual vocative)
cona altai (plural vocative)
coin n-allaid (accusative singular)
coin altai (accusative dual)
cona altai (accusative plural)
con allaid (genitive singular)
con altae (dual genitive)
con allaid (dual genitive)
con n-altae (genitive plural)
con n-allaid (genitive plural)
coin allaid (dative singular)
cú allaid (dative singular)
conaib altaib (dative dual)
conaib altaib (dative plural)
cú allaid (mutation mutation-radical)
chú allaid (mutation mutation-nasal)
cú allaid (mutation)

Ma rom·thoicther-sa inso rop ith ⁊ mlicht ad·cear; manim·rothcaither ropat choin altai ⁊ ois ⁊ imthecht slebe ⁊ oaic Féne ad·cear.
If this is destined for me, may it be corn and milk I see; if it is not destined for me, may it be wolves, deer, wandering on the mountain, and the warriors of the Féini I see. [Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus does not translate the occurrences of ro·toicther]

Poems of the Codex St. Pauli, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, p. 293, line 6


admat

admat (masculine nominative singular stem)
admat (dual masculine nominative stem)
admait (masculine nominative plural stem)
admait (masculine singular stem vocative)
admat (dual masculine stem vocative)
admatu (masculine plural stem vocative)
admat (accusative masculine singular stem)
admat (accusative dual masculine stem)
admatu (accusative masculine plural stem)
admait (genitive masculine singular stem)
admat (dual genitive masculine stem)
admat (genitive masculine plural stem)
admut (dative masculine singular stem)
admataib (dative dual masculine stem)
admataib (dative masculine plural stem)
admat (mutation mutation-radical)
n-admat (mutation)

Irish: adhmad

Manx: aamaid

From Proto-Celtic *ad-mentos, from *manyetor (“think, remember”), from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to think”).


gamuin

gamuin (nominative singular)
gamuin (dual nominative)
gamnai (nominative plural)
gamuin (singular vocative)
gamuin (dual vocative)
gamnai (plural vocative)
gamuin (accusative singular)
gamuin (accusative dual)
gamnai (accusative plural)
gamno (genitive singular)
gamna (genitive singular)
gamno (dual genitive)
gamna (dual genitive)
gamnae (genitive plural)
gamuin (dative singular)
gamnaib (dative dual)
gamnaib (dative plural)
gamuin (mutation mutation-radical)
gamuin (mutation mutation-nasal)
ngamuin (mutation)

Irish: gamhain

Manx: gauin

Scottish Gaelic: gamhainn

desctree

⇒ Middle Irish: mathgamain
Irish: mathúin
Manx: maghouin
Scottish Gaelic: mathan

From gam (“winter”). Similar sense development can be found in Old Norse gymbr (“yearling ewe-lamb”) and Ancient Greek χίμαρος (khímaros, “he-goat”), all ultimately from the same root (*ǵʰéyōm).


cnú

head

cnú f (genitive cnó, nominative plural cnói)

cnó (genitive)
cnói (nominative plural)
cnú (nominative singular)
cnoí (dual nominative)
cnoí (nominative plural)
cnú (singular vocative)
cnoí (dual vocative)
cnóa (plural vocative)
cnoí (accusative singular)
cnoí (accusative dual)
cnóa (accusative plural)
cnó (genitive singular)
cnó (dual genitive)
cnó (genitive plural)
cnoí (dative singular)
cnóib (dative dual)
cnóib (dative plural)
cnú (mutation mutation-radical)
chnú (mutation mutation-nasal)
cnú (mutation)

Irish: cnó

Manx: cro

Scottish Gaelic: cnò

From Proto-Celtic *knūs, cognate with Proto-Germanic *hnuts, Latin nux.


buide

buide (nominative singular)
buidi (dual nominative)
buidi (nominative plural)
buide (singular vocative)
buidi (dual vocative)
buidi (plural vocative)
buidi (accusative singular)
buidi (accusative dual)
buidi (accusative plural)
buide (genitive singular)
buide (dual genitive)
buide (genitive plural)
buidi (dative singular)
buidib (dative dual)
buidib (dative plural)

Irish: buí

Manx: buigh, bwee

Scottish Gaelic: buidhe

From Proto-Celtic *bodyos (“yellow”), from Proto-Indo-European *bodyos (“yellow, brown”), source of Latin badius.


colmán

head

colmán m (genitive colmáin, nominative plural colmáin)

colmáin (genitive)
colmáin (nominative plural)
colmán (masculine nominative singular stem)
colmán (dual masculine nominative stem)
colmáin (masculine nominative plural stem)
colmáin (masculine singular stem vocative)
colmán (dual masculine stem vocative)
colmánu (masculine plural stem vocative)
colmán (accusative masculine singular stem)
colmán (accusative dual masculine stem)
colmánu (accusative masculine plural stem)
colmáin (genitive masculine singular stem)
colmán (dual genitive masculine stem)
colmán (genitive masculine plural stem)
colmán (dative masculine singular stem)
colmánaib (dative dual masculine stem)
colmánaib (dative masculine plural stem)
colmán (mutation mutation-radical)
cholmán (mutation mutation-nasal)
colmán (mutation)

Middle Irish: colmán

Irish: colmán

Manx: calmane, colmane

Scottish Gaelic: calman


columb

columb m (genitive coluimb, nominative plural coluimb)

coluimb (genitive)
coluimb (nominative plural)
columb (masculine nominative singular stem)
columb (dual masculine nominative stem)
coluimb (masculine nominative plural stem)
coluimb (masculine singular stem vocative)
columb (dual masculine stem vocative)
columbu (masculine plural stem vocative)
columb (accusative masculine singular stem)
columb (accusative dual masculine stem)
columbu (accusative masculine plural stem)
coluimb (genitive masculine singular stem)
columb (dual genitive masculine stem)
columb (genitive masculine plural stem)
columb (dative masculine singular stem)
columbaib (dative dual masculine stem)
columbaib (dative masculine plural stem)
columb (mutation mutation-radical)
cholumb (mutation mutation-nasal)
columb (mutation)

Middle Irish: colum

Irish: colm

Manx: colum

Scottish Gaelic: calum

Borrowed from Latin columbus, from Ancient Greek κόλυμβος (kólumbos, “a diver”), from κολυμβάω (kolumbáō, “dive, plunge headlong, swim”).


partán

partán (masculine nominative singular stem)
partán (dual masculine nominative stem)
partáin (masculine nominative plural stem)
partáin (masculine singular stem vocative)
partán (dual masculine stem vocative)
partánu (masculine plural stem vocative)
partán (accusative masculine singular stem)
partán (accusative dual masculine stem)
partánu (accusative masculine plural stem)
partáin (genitive masculine singular stem)
partán (dual genitive masculine stem)
partán (genitive masculine plural stem)
partán (dative masculine singular stem)
partánaib (dative dual masculine stem)
partánaib (dative masculine plural stem)

> Irish: portán, partán (inherited)

> Manx: partan (inherited)

> Scottish Gaelic: partan (inherited)

→ Scots: partan

Unknown; possibly ultimately from a Paleo-European substrate language as Peter Schrijver cites; see Goidelic substrate hypothesis.

Goidelic substrate hypothesis
Peter Schrijver
Pre-Indo-European languages


bech

head

bech m (genitive beich, nominative plural beich)

beich (genitive)
beich (nominative plural)
bech (masculine nominative singular stem)
bech (dual masculine nominative stem)
beich (masculine nominative plural stem)
beich (masculine singular stem vocative)
bech (dual masculine stem vocative)
beuchu (masculine plural stem vocative)
bech (accusative masculine singular stem)
bech (accusative dual masculine stem)
beuchu (accusative masculine plural stem)
beich (genitive masculine singular stem)
bech (dual genitive masculine stem)
bech (genitive masculine plural stem)
beuch (dative masculine singular stem)
bechaib (dative dual masculine stem)
bechaib (dative masculine plural stem)
bech (mutation mutation-radical)
bech (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbech (mutation)

Irish: beach

Scottish Gaelic: beach

From Proto-Celtic *bekos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰey- (“bee”), whence also Old English bēo (English bee), Latin fūcus (“drone”).

Daith bech buide a húaim i n-úaim […]

Nimble is the yellow bee from cave to cave […]


brecc

brecc m (genitive bricc, nominative plural bricc)

bricc (genitive)
bricc (nominative plural)
brecc (masculine nominative singular stem)
brecc (dual masculine nominative stem)
bricc (masculine nominative plural stem)
bricc (masculine singular stem vocative)
brecc (dual masculine stem vocative)
briccu (masculine plural stem vocative)
brecc (accusative masculine singular stem)
brecc (accusative dual masculine stem)
briccu (accusative masculine plural stem)
bricc (genitive masculine singular stem)
brecc (dual genitive masculine stem)
brecc (genitive masculine plural stem)
briucc (dative masculine singular stem)
breccaib (dative dual masculine stem)
breccaib (dative masculine plural stem)
brecc (mutation mutation-radical)
brecc (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbrecc (mutation)

Irish: breac

Manx: breck

Scottish Gaelic: breac


lachu

lachu f (genitive lachan, nominative plural lachain)

lachan (genitive)
lachain (nominative plural)
lachu (nominative singular)
lachain (dual nominative)
lachain (nominative plural)
lachu (singular vocative)
lachain (dual vocative)
lachna (plural vocative)
lachain (accusative singular)
lachain (accusative dual)
lachna (accusative plural)
lachan (genitive singular)
lachan (dual genitive)
lachan (genitive plural)
lachain (dative singular)
lachu (dative singular)
lachnaib (dative dual)
lachnaib (dative plural)
lachu (mutation mutation-radical)
also llachu after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
lachu (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: lacha

Manx: laagh

Scottish Gaelic: lach

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *lek-. Cognate with Lithuanian lak (“to fly”).

lacha .i. lichiu quam aliæ auess


derc

derc (neuter nominative singular)
derc (dual neuter nominative)
dercae (neuter nominative plural)
derc (neuter singular vocative)
derc (dual neuter vocative)
dercae (neuter plural vocative)
derc (accusative neuter singular)
derc (accusative dual neuter)
dercae (accusative neuter plural)
dercae (genitive neuter singular)
dercae (dual genitive neuter)
dercae (genitive neuter plural)
deirc (dative neuter singular)
dercaib (dative dual neuter)
dercaib (dative neuter plural)
derc (mutation mutation-radical)
derc (mutation mutation-nasal)
nderc (mutation)

desctree

Middle Irish: derc
Irish: dearc, dearca, deirc
Scottish Gaelic: dearc

From Proto-Celtic *derkos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreh₂ǵ-. Stokes instead suggests that it is from the same origin as Etymology 1, in the sense of berries standing out as clearly visible.


scíathán

scíathán (masculine nominative singular stem)
scíathán (dual masculine nominative stem)
scíatháin (masculine nominative plural stem)
scíatháin (masculine singular stem vocative)
scíathán (dual masculine stem vocative)
scíathánu (masculine plural stem vocative)
scíathán (accusative masculine singular stem)
scíathán (accusative dual masculine stem)
scíathánu (accusative masculine plural stem)
scíatháin (genitive masculine singular stem)
scíathán (dual genitive masculine stem)
scíathán (genitive masculine plural stem)
scíathán (dative masculine singular stem)
scíathánaib (dative dual masculine stem)
scíathánaib (dative masculine plural stem)

Irish: sciathán

Manx: skian

Scottish Gaelic: sgiathan


selige

selige (nominative singular)
selige (dual nominative)
seligi (nominative plural)
seligi (singular vocative)
selige (dual vocative)
seligiu (plural vocative)
selige (accusative singular)
selige (accusative dual)
seligiu (accusative plural)
seligi (genitive singular)
selige (dual genitive)
selige (genitive plural)
seligiu (dative singular)
seligib (dative dual)
seligib (dative plural)
selige (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡelige (mutation mutation-nasal)

Middle Irish: seilche

Scottish Gaelic: seilche (“turtle”)

⇒ Irish: seilide (“snail”)

Any animal with a shell:
Any animal with a shell

selige ― glosses Latin testudo

Any animal with a shell:
(hapax) turtle, tortoise

Any animal with a shell:
turtle, tortoise


sinnach

sinnach (masculine nominative singular stem)
sinnach (dual masculine nominative stem)
sinnaig (masculine nominative plural stem)
sinnaig (masculine singular stem vocative)
sinnach (dual masculine stem vocative)
sinnchu (masculine plural stem vocative)
sinnach (accusative masculine singular stem)
sinnach (accusative dual masculine stem)
sinnchu (accusative masculine plural stem)
sinnaig (genitive masculine singular stem)
sinnach (dual genitive masculine stem)
sinnach (genitive masculine plural stem)
sinnuch (dative masculine singular stem)
sinnchaib (dative dual masculine stem)
sinnchaib (dative masculine plural stem)
sinnach (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡinnach (mutation mutation-nasal)

Middle Irish: sinnach

Irish: sionnach

Manx: shynnagh

Scottish Gaelic: sionnach

From Proto-Celtic *senūnākos, from Proto-Celtic *senos (“old one”, n-stem noun) + adjectival suffix *-ākos (Old Irish -ach)

der

As·rir in sinnach n-allaid do ráith a aithig in trúaig: dochum feda con·selai cé do·sefnatar int slúaig.

Broccán's Hymn, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. 2, p. 342

She gave the wild fox to her vassal, the wretched one; it went to the woods, although the host chased after it.


raithnech

head

raithnech f (genitive raithnige, no plural)

raithnige (genitive)
raithnech (nominative singular)
raithnech (singular vocative)
raithnig (accusative singular)
raithnige (genitive singular)
raithnig (dative singular)
raithnech (mutation mutation-radical)
also rraithnech after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
raithnech (mutation mutation-nasal)

Irish: raithneach

Manx: rhennagh

Scottish Gaelic: raineach

From Proto-Celtic *ɸratinākā, a derivative of Proto-Celtic *ɸratis (compare Middle Irish raith, Welsh rhedyn, Breton radenn), from Proto-Indo-European *p(t)erH- (compare Greek φτέρη (ftéri), Lithuanian papártis).


cuil

cuil (nominative singular)
cuil (dual nominative)
cuili (nominative plural)
cuil (singular vocative)
cuil (dual vocative)
cuili (plural vocative)
cuil (accusative singular)
cuil (accusative dual)
cuili (accusative plural)
colo (genitive singular)
cola (genitive singular)
colo (dual genitive)
cola (dual genitive)
cuile (genitive plural)
cuil (dative singular)
cuilib (dative dual)
cuilib (dative plural)
cuil (mutation mutation-radical)
chuil (mutation mutation-nasal)
cuil (mutation)

Middle Irish: cuil, cuileóc

Irish: cuil, cuileog

Manx: quill, quaillag

Scottish Gaelic: cuileag

From Proto-Celtic *kulis, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱuH-ló-.


escong

escong (nominative singular)
escuing (dual nominative)
esconga (nominative plural)
escong (singular vocative)
escuing (dual vocative)
esconga (plural vocative)
escuing (accusative singular)
escuing (accusative dual)
esconga (accusative plural)
escuinge (genitive singular)
escong (dual genitive)
escong (genitive plural)
escuing (dative singular)
escongaib (dative dual)
escongaib (dative plural)

Irish: eascann

Manx: astan

Scottish Gaelic: easgann

Possibly from esc (“water”) + Proto-Indo-European *h₂éngʷʰis (“snake”). Not related to English conger.


uinnius

uinnius f (genitive uinnsenn, nominative plural uinnsinn)

uinnsenn (genitive)
uinnsinn (nominative plural)
uinnius (nominative singular)
uinnsinn (dual nominative)
uinnsinn (nominative plural)
uinnius (singular vocative)
uinnsinn (dual vocative)
uinnsenna (plural vocative)
uinnsinn (accusative singular)
uinnsinn (accusative dual)
uinnsenna (accusative plural)
uinnsenn (genitive singular)
uinnsenn (dual genitive)
uinnsenn (genitive plural)
uinnsinn (dative singular)
uinnius (dative singular)
uinnsennaib (dative dual)
uinnsennaib (dative plural)
uinnius (mutation mutation-radical)
n-uinnius (mutation)

⇒ Irish: fuinseog

⇒ Scottish Gaelic: uinnseann

From Proto-Celtic *osnistū, from Proto-Celtic *osnos (compare Welsh onn) and (compare Breton onn), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃es-nos (compare Russian я́сень (jásenʹ), Latin ornus).


glaídem

glaídem m (genitive glaidemon or glaideman, nominative plural glaidemain)

glaidemon (genitive)
glaideman (genitive)
glaidemain (nominative plural)
glaídem (nominative singular)
glaídemain (dual nominative)
glaídemain (nominative plural)
glaídem (singular vocative)
glaídemain (dual vocative)
glaídemna (plural vocative)
glaídemain (accusative singular)
glaídemain (accusative dual)
glaídemna (accusative plural)
glaídemon (genitive singular)
glaídeman (genitive singular)
glaídemon (dual genitive)
glaídeman (dual genitive)
glaídemon (genitive plural)
glaídeman (genitive plural)
glaídemain (dative singular)
glaídem (dative singular)
glaídemnaib (dative dual)
glaídemnaib (dative plural)
glaídem (mutation mutation-radical)
glaídem (mutation mutation-nasal)
nglaídem (mutation)

[ˈɡlaːi̯ðʲeβ̃]


eó

eó m (genitive ïach, nominative plural ïaich)

ïach (genitive)
ïaich (nominative plural)
eó (nominative singular)
ïaich (dual nominative)
ïaich (nominative plural)
eó (singular vocative)
ïaich (dual vocative)
ïacha (plural vocative)
ïaich (accusative singular)
ïaich (accusative dual)
ïacha (accusative plural)
ïach (genitive singular)
ïach (dual genitive)
ïach (genitive plural)
ïaich (dative singular)
eó (dative singular)
ïachaib (dative dual)
ïachaib (dative plural)

Irish: eo

Scottish Gaelic: eò

From Proto-Celtic *esoxs; cognate with Middle Welsh ehawc.


eó

eó (mutation mutation-radical)
n-eó (mutation)

From Proto-Celtic *iwos (“yew”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyHw- (“yew”).


reithe

reithe m (genitive reithi, nominative plural reithi)

reithi (genitive)
reithi (nominative plural)
reithe (nominative singular)
reithe (dual nominative)
reithi (nominative plural)
reithi (singular vocative)
reithe (dual vocative)
reithiu (plural vocative)
reithe (accusative singular)
reithe (accusative dual)
reithiu (accusative plural)
reithi (genitive singular)
reithe (dual genitive)
reithe (genitive plural)
reithiu (dative singular)
reithib (dative dual)
reithib (dative plural)

Irish: reithe

From Proto-Celtic *retios, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁r-i-(e)t- (“certain domestic animal”); also compare *h₁er- (“earth”).


cauru

head

cauru f (genitive caírech, nominative plural caírig)

caírech (genitive)
caírig (nominative plural)
cauru (nominative singular)
caírig (dual nominative)
caírig (nominative plural)
cauru (singular vocative)
caírig (dual vocative)
caírcha (plural vocative)
caírig (accusative singular)
caírig (accusative dual)
caírcha (accusative plural)
caírech (genitive singular)
caírech (dual genitive)
caírech (genitive plural)
caírig (dative singular)
caírchaib (dative dual)
caírib (dative dual)
caírchaib (dative plural)
caírib (dative plural)
cauru (mutation mutation-radical)
chauru (mutation mutation-nasal)
cauru (mutation)

Middle Irish: cáera

Irish: caora

Manx: keyrrey

Scottish Gaelic: caora


máel

sga-decl-adj-table

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

máel (masculine nominative singular)
máel (feminine nominative singular)
máel (neuter nominative singular)
maíl (masculine singular vocative)
máel (masculine singular vocative)
máel (feminine singular vocative)
máel (neuter singular vocative)
máel (accusative masculine singular)
maíl (accusative feminine singular)
máel (accusative neuter singular)
maíl (genitive masculine singular)
maíle (feminine genitive singular)
maíl (genitive neuter singular)
máel (dative masculine singular)
maíl (dative feminine singular)
máel (dative neuter singular)
maíl (masculine nominative plural)
máela (feminine neuter nominative plural)
máelu (masculine plural vocative)
máela (masculine plural vocative)
máela (feminine neuter plural vocative)
máelu (accusative masculine plural)
máela (accusative masculine plural)
máela (accusative feminine neuter plural)
máel (feminine genitive masculine neuter plural)
máelaib (dative feminine masculine neuter plural)

From Proto-Celtic *mailos; cognate with Welsh moel.

(after the introduction of Christianity to Ireland) as of someone who is devoted (to God or to a given saint)


mucc mara

head

mucc mara ? (genitive muice mara or muca mara)

muice mara (genitive)
muca mara (genitive)
mucc mara (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmucc mara after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
mucc mara (mutation mutation-nasal)

mucc mora glosses delphinus


cullach

cullach m (genitive cullaig, nominative plural cullaig)

cullaig (genitive)
cullaig (nominative plural)
cullach (masculine nominative singular stem)
cullach (dual masculine nominative stem)
cullaig (masculine nominative plural stem)
cullaig (masculine singular stem vocative)
cullach (dual masculine stem vocative)
cullachu (masculine plural stem vocative)
cullach (accusative masculine singular stem)
cullach (accusative dual masculine stem)
cullachu (accusative masculine plural stem)
cullaig (genitive masculine singular stem)
cullach (dual genitive masculine stem)
cullach (genitive masculine plural stem)
cullach (dative masculine singular stem)
cullachaib (dative dual masculine stem)
cullachaib (dative masculine plural stem)
cullach (mutation mutation-radical)
chullach (mutation mutation-nasal)
cullach (mutation)

Irish: collach

cullach glosses porcum


muccullach

muccullach m (nominative plural muccullaig)

muccullaig (nominative plural)
muccullach (masculine nominative singular stem)
muccullach (dual masculine nominative stem)
mucculaig (masculine nominative plural stem)
mucculaig (masculine singular stem vocative)
muccullach (dual masculine stem vocative)
muccullachu (masculine plural stem vocative)
muccullach (accusative masculine singular stem)
muccullach (accusative dual masculine stem)
muccullachu (accusative masculine plural stem)
mucculaig (genitive masculine singular stem)
muccullach (dual genitive masculine stem)
muccullach (genitive masculine plural stem)
muccullach (dative masculine singular stem)
muccullachaib (dative dual masculine stem)
muccullachaib (dative masculine plural stem)
muccullach (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmuccullach after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
muccullach (mutation mutation-nasal)


árchú

árchon (genitive)
árchú (nominative singular)
árchoin (dual nominative)
árchoin (nominative plural)
árchú (singular vocative)
árchoin (dual vocative)
árchona (plural vocative)
árchoin (accusative singular)
árchoin (accusative dual)
árchona (accusative plural)
árchon (genitive singular)
árchon (dual genitive)
árchon (genitive plural)
árchoin (dative singular)
árchú (dative singular)
árchonaib (dative dual)
árchonaib (dative plural)
árchú (mutation mutation-radical)
n-árchú (mutation)

From ár (“slaughter, carnage”) + cú (“dog, hound”).


badb

baidb (genitive)
Badb (nominative singular)
Badb (singular vocative)
Baidb (accusative singular)
Baidbe (genitive singular)
Baidb (dative singular)
badb (mutation mutation-radical)
badb (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbadb (mutation)

Irish: badhbh

Scottish Gaelic: badhbh


doburchú

doburchon (genitive)
doburchú (nominative singular)
doburchoin (dual nominative)
doburchoin (nominative plural)
doburchú (singular vocative)
doburchoin (dual vocative)
doburchona (plural vocative)
doburchoin (accusative singular)
doburchoin (accusative dual)
doburchona (accusative plural)
doburchon (genitive singular)
doburchon (dual genitive)
doburchon (genitive plural)
doburchoin (dative singular)
doburchú (dative singular)
doburchonaib (dative dual)
doburchonaib (dative plural)
doburchú (mutation mutation-radical)
doburchú (mutation mutation-nasal)
ndoburchú (mutation)

Irish: dobharchú

Manx: dooarchoo

Scottish Gaelic: dobhar-chù

From Proto-Celtic *dubrokū. By surface analysis, dobur (“water”) + cú (“hound”).

surf

dobarcú .i. cú uisci


aball

head

aball f (genitive abla, nominative plural abla)

abla (genitive)
abla (nominative plural)
aball (nominative singular)
abaill (dual nominative)
abla (nominative plural)
aball (singular vocative)
abaill (dual vocative)
abla (plural vocative)
abaill (accusative singular)
abaill (accusative dual)
abla (accusative plural)
abla (genitive singular)
aball (dual genitive)
aball (genitive plural)
abaill (dative singular)
ablaib (dative dual)
ablaib (dative plural)
aball (mutation mutation-radical)
n-aball (mutation)

Irish: abhaill

Scottish Gaelic: abhall

From Proto-Celtic *aballā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ebl̥neh₂.

apple tree


beithir

beithir f or m (genitive bethrach or beithre)

bethrach (genitive)
beithre (genitive)
beithir (nominative singular)
bethraig (dual nominative)
bethraig (nominative plural)
beithir (singular vocative)
bethraig (dual vocative)
bethracha (plural vocative)
bethraig (accusative singular)
bethraig (accusative dual)
bethracha (accusative plural)
bethrach (genitive singular)
bethrach (dual genitive)
bethrach (genitive plural)
bethraig (dative singular)
bethrachaib (dative dual)
bethrachaib (dative plural)
beithir (mutation mutation-radical)
beithir (mutation mutation-nasal)
mbeithir (mutation)

Possibly from Proto-Celtic *betrixs. The sense of “bear”, according to MacBain, was undoubtedly influenced by or borrowed from Proto-Germanic *berô, but the word also had the sense of “wild beast, serpent, monster”, and the like, which could be a Celtic descendant of the source of Latin bēstia (“wild beast”), itself of uncertain origin


moirb

moirb f (genitive unattested, nominative plural morbi)

morbi (nominative plural)
moirb (nominative singular)
moirb (dual nominative)
morbai (nominative plural)
moirb (singular vocative)
moirb (dual vocative)
morbai (plural vocative)
moirb (accusative singular)
moirb (accusative dual)
morbai (accusative plural)
morbo (genitive singular)
morba (genitive singular)
morbo (dual genitive)
morba (dual genitive)
morbae (genitive plural)
moirb (dative singular)
morbaib (dative dual)
morbaib (dative plural)
moirb (mutation mutation-radical)
also mmoirb after a proclitic (mutation mutation-radical)
moirb (mutation mutation-nasal)

From Proto-Celtic *morwis, from Proto-Indo-European *morwi-.


cuilenn

cuilenn (masculine nominative singular stem)
cuilinn (masculine singular stem vocative)
cuilenn (accusative masculine singular stem)
cuilinn (genitive masculine singular stem)
cuiliunn (dative masculine singular stem)
cuilenn (mutation mutation-radical)
chuilenn (mutation mutation-nasal)
cuilenn (mutation)

Irish: cuileann

Manx: cullyn

Scottish Gaelic: cuileann

From Proto-Celtic *kolinos (compare Welsh celyn, Breton kelenn), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱol- (“thorn, thorny plant”) (compare English holly), from *ḱel- (“to cut”).


géiss

géissi (nominative plural)
géiss (nominative singular)
géiss (dual nominative)
géissi (nominative plural)
géiss (singular vocative)
géiss (dual vocative)
géissi (plural vocative)
géiss (accusative singular)
géiss (accusative dual)
géissi (accusative plural)
gésso (genitive singular)
géssa (genitive singular)
gésso (dual genitive)
géssa (dual genitive)
géisse (genitive plural)
géiss (dative singular)
géissib (dative dual)
géissib (dative plural)
géiss (mutation mutation-radical)
géiss (mutation mutation-nasal)
ngéiss (mutation)

From Proto-Celtic *gansis, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns (“goose”).

géissi glosses coantes (in a gloss of Baruch 6:21(22), where the manuscript is faulty; the Vulgate actually has cattae (“cats”) and it isn’t clear what Latin word the Irish glossator thought this was, but he interpreted it as ‘swans’)

Glosses in Regina No. 215, 102ᵇ, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, p. 2


gagar

gagar (masculine nominative singular stem)
gagar (dual masculine nominative stem)
gagair (masculine nominative plural stem)
gagair (masculine singular stem vocative)
gagar (dual masculine stem vocative)
gagru (masculine plural stem vocative)
gagar (accusative masculine singular stem)
gagar (accusative dual masculine stem)
gagru (accusative masculine plural stem)
gagair (genitive masculine singular stem)
gagar (dual genitive masculine stem)
gagar (genitive masculine plural stem)
gagar (dative masculine singular stem)
gagaraib (dative dual masculine stem)
gagaraib (dative masculine plural stem)
gagar (mutation mutation-radical)
gagar (mutation mutation-nasal)
ngagar (mutation)

desctree

Middle Irish: gadar
Irish: gadhar
Scottish Gaelic: gadhar

Borrowed from Old Norse gagarr, from an imitative North Germanic root *gag (“to howl”).

onomatopoeic

imitative


srían

sréin (nominative plural)
srían (masculine nominative singular stem)
srían (dual masculine nominative stem)
sréin (masculine nominative plural stem)
sréin (masculine singular stem vocative)
srían (dual masculine stem vocative)
sríanu (masculine plural stem vocative)
srían (accusative masculine singular stem)
srían (accusative dual masculine stem)
sríanu (accusative masculine plural stem)
sréin (genitive masculine singular stem)
srían (dual genitive masculine stem)
srían (genitive masculine plural stem)
srían (dative masculine singular stem)
sríanaib (dative dual masculine stem)
sríanaib (dative masculine plural stem)
srían (mutation mutation-radical)
ṡrían (mutation mutation-nasal)

Middle Irish: srían

Irish: srian

Scottish Gaelic: srian

Manx: streean


tromm

truimm (genitive)
tromm (masculine nominative singular stem)
tromm (dual masculine nominative stem)
truimm (masculine nominative plural stem)
truimm (masculine singular stem vocative)
tromm (dual masculine stem vocative)
trommu (masculine plural stem vocative)
tromm (accusative masculine singular stem)
tromm (accusative dual masculine stem)
trommu (accusative masculine plural stem)
truimm (genitive masculine singular stem)
tromm (dual genitive masculine stem)
tromm (genitive masculine plural stem)
tromm (dative masculine singular stem)
trommaib (dative dual masculine stem)
trommaib (dative masculine plural stem)
tromm (mutation mutation-radical)
thromm (mutation mutation-nasal)
tromm (mutation)


íaru

head

íaru f (genitive íarann, nominative plural íaranna)

íarann (genitive)
íaranna (nominative plural)
íaru (nominative singular)
íarainn (dual nominative)
íarainn (nominative plural)
íaranna (nominative plural)
íaru (singular vocative)
íarainn (dual vocative)
íarna (plural vocative)
íarainn (accusative singular)
íarainn (accusative dual)
íarna (accusative plural)
íarann (genitive singular)
íarann (dual genitive)
íarann (genitive plural)
íarainn (dative singular)
íaru (dative singular)
íarnaib (dative dual)
íarnaib (dative plural)
íaru (mutation mutation-radical)

Irish: iora

Manx: feòrag

Scottish Gaelic: fiorag

Possibly from Proto-Celtic *wiweros. Alternatively, an "individualising" n-stem meaning "swift one", derived from Proto-Celtic *isaros (“swift”) (a word attested in the names of many rivers in Europe), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ish₂ro-, for which compare Sanskrit इषिर (iṣirá-, “swift”) and Ancient Greek ἱερός (hierós, “supernatural”).


mílchú

mílchoin (nominative plural)
mílchú (nominative singular)
mílchoin (dual nominative)
mílchoin (nominative plural)
mílchú (singular vocative)
mílchoin (dual vocative)
mílchona (plural vocative)
mílchoin (accusative singular)
mílchoin (accusative dual)
mílchona (accusative plural)
mílchon (genitive singular)
mílchon (dual genitive)
mílchon (genitive plural)
mílchoin (dative singular)
mílchú (dative singular)
mílchonaib (dative dual)
mílchonaib (dative plural)

Middle Irish: mílcú

Irish: míolchú

Scottish Gaelic: mialchu

From míl (“animal”) + cú (“dog, hound”). The term was originally *míluch (as evidenced by the related hypocoristic personal name Míliuc) but the nominative singular was reformed by analogy with the simplex cú.

c. 810, Florence Glosses on Philargyrus, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, p. 48, 21ᵇ
.i. horcae, mílchú ɫ conbocail