niozan

nioȥan (canonical)
nioȥan (infinitive)
niuȥu (first-person present singular)
niuȥo (first-person present singular)
nōȥ (first-person past singular)
niuȥis (present second-person singular)
niuȥist (present second-person singular)
nuȥȥi (past second-person singular)
niuȥit (present singular third-person)
nōȥ (past singular third-person)
nioȥem (first-person plural present)
nioȥemēs (first-person plural present)
nuȥȥum (first-person past plural)
nuȥȥumēs (first-person past plural)
nioȥet (plural present second-person)
nuȥȥut (past plural second-person)
nioȥant (plural present third-person)
nuȥȥun (past plural third-person)
nioȥe (first-person present singular)
nuȥȥi (first-person past singular)
nioȥēs (present second-person singular)
nioȥēst (present second-person singular)
nuȥȥīs (past second-person singular)
nuȥȥīst (past second-person singular)
nioȥe (present singular third-person)
nuȥȥi (past singular third-person)
nioȥēm (first-person plural present)
nuȥȥīm (first-person past plural)
nuȥȥīmēs (first-person past plural)
nioȥēt (plural present second-person)
nuȥȥīt (past plural second-person)
nioȥēn (plural present third-person)
nuȥȥīn (past plural third-person)
niuȥ (present singular)
nioȥet (plural present)
nioȥanti (present)
ginoȥȥan (past)
nioȥȥan (alternative)

Middle High German: nieȥen

German: nießen

From Proto-West Germanic *neutan, akin to Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽 (niutan, “to catch, to reach”), Old Norse njóta, Old English nēotan.


pfeffar

Middle High German: pfeffer

Cimbrian: fèffar

German: Pfeffer

Hunsrik: Peffer

Luxembourgish: Peffer

Pennsylvania German: Peffer

Yiddish: פֿעפֿער (fefer)


pfal

pfāl (canonical masculine)
phāl (alternative)

Middle High German: phāl, pfāl

German: Pfahl

Luxembourgish: Poul

Vilamovian: föł


phanna

Middle High German: pfanne

Alemannic German: Pfane

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: fanna, fånn (Luserna)

Mòcheno: pfònn

German: Pfanne

Yiddish: פֿאַן (fan)

From Proto-West Germanic *pannā. See German Pfanne.


pfawo

pfāwo (canonical masculine)
pfāwa (alternative)

Middle High German: pfāwe, pfā

German: Pfau m, (chiefly Austria) Pfaue f

⇒ German: Pfauhahn f

desc

⇒ Middle High German: *pfāwelīn, *pfāuwelīn (diminutive)

German: Pfäulein (archaic)

→ Estonian: paabulind

→ Old East Slavic:

Belarusian: паўлі́н (paŭlín)

Russian: павли́н (pavlín)

Rhine Franconian: Fau, Pau

Frankfurterisch: IPA [fau]

Yiddish: פּאַווע (pave)


pfil

German: Pfeil

Hunsrik: Peil

Yiddish: פֿײַל (fayl)

From Latin pīlum (“javelin, throwing spear”).


pfilari

pfīlāri (canonical masculine)
pfīlāri (nominative singular)
pfīlāre (nominative plural)
pfīlārā (nominative plural)
pfīlāra (nominative plural)
pfīlāri (accusative singular)
pfīlāre (accusative plural)
pfīlārā (accusative plural)
pfīlāra (accusative plural)
pfīlāres (genitive singular)
pfīlāro (genitive plural)
pfīlāre (dative singular)
pfīlārim (dative plural)
pfīlāru (instrumental singular)

Middle High German: pfīlære, pfīler

German: Pfeiler


pfarifrit

pfarifrit (nominative singular)
pfarifritā (nominative plural)
pfarifrita (nominative plural)
pfarifrit (accusative singular)
pfarifritā (accusative plural)
pfarifrita (accusative plural)
pfarifrites (genitive singular)
pfarifrito (genitive plural)
pfarifrite (dative singular)
pfarifritum (dative plural)
pfarifritu (instrumental singular)
pharifrit (alternative)
pharafrit (alternative)
pferit (alternative)
pherit (alternative)
pherfrit (alternative)

Middle High German: phërt, pfërt, pfërit, pfaerît n

Central Franconian: Pääd, Perd (chiefly Moselle Franconian), Päärd (Siegerland Moselle Franconian)

Hunsrik: Peerd, Peer, Pied

Luxembourgish: Päerd

Transylvanian Saxon: Faard

East Central German:

Erzgebirgisch: [ˈpfaːɰ]

Silesian East Central German: Faard

Vilamovian: faod

German: Pferd

Rhine Franconian: Pääd, Päär, Per, Perd

Frankfurterisch: [fæː(ɐ̯)t]

Yiddish: פֿערד (ferd)


pflanza

Middle High German: pflanze

German: Pflanze


pflastar

Middle High German: pflaster

German: Pflaster
→ Polish: plaster


pfruma

Possibly from pflūma, with r retaken from Latin prūnum.


pforta

Middle High German: pforte, pforze

German: Pforte

→ Old Polish: forta

Polish: furta

→ Old Ruthenian: форта (forta)

⇒ Belarusian: фортка (fórtka)

⇒ Ukrainian: хвіртка (xvirtka)


pfost

Middle High German: pfoste, pfost

German: Pfosten


pfunt

Middle High German: pfunt

German: Pfund

Yiddish: פֿונט (funt)


donaristag

donaristag (nominative singular)
donaristagā (nominative plural)
donaristaga (nominative plural)
donaristag (accusative singular)
donaristagā (accusative plural)
donaristaga (accusative plural)
donaristages (genitive singular)
donaristago (genitive plural)
donaristage (dative singular)
donaristagum (dative plural)
donaristagu (instrumental singular)

German: Donnerstag

Compound of the genitive form of the name of the god of thunder, Donar, and tag, from Proto-West Germanic *Þunras dag (“day of the thunder god”), a calque of Latin dies Iovis.


Fria

Akin to Old Norse Frigg; compare also Friia.


tuoch

Middle High German: tuoch

German: Tuch

Yiddish: טוך (tukh)

From Proto-West Germanic *dōk. Akin to Old Norse dúkr.


questa

German: Quaste


quecsilbar

German: Quecksilber

quec + silbar, calque of Latin argentum vivum


silbar

Middle High German: silber

Bavarian: Süber, Suiber

Cimbrian: silbar

Mòcheno: silber

German: Silber

Kölsch: Seleve

Luxembourgish: Sëlwer

Pennsylvania German: Silwer

Vilamovian: zyłwer

Yiddish: זילבער (zilber)

From Proto-West Germanic *silubr, whence also Old English seolfor, Old Norse silfr.


quec

German: keck

From Proto-West Germanic *kwiku, see also Old English cwic, Old Norse kvikr. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”).


twerc

Middle High German: twerc

German: Zwerg

From Proto-West Germanic *dwerg, from Proto-Germanic *dwergaz, whence also Old English dweorg, Old Norse dvergr.


ratih

rātih (canonical masculine)
retich (alternative)
rādich (alternative)
redich (alternative)

desc

Middle High German: rætich, retich; rædich, redich

Alemannic German: Räätrich

Central Franconian: Rädich, Reddich, Redich, Riedich

German: Rettich

Yiddish: רעטעך (retekh)


gouh

gouh (nominative singular)
gouhā (nominative plural)
gouha (nominative plural)
gouh (accusative singular)
gouhā (accusative plural)
gouha (accusative plural)
gouhes (genitive singular)
gouho (genitive plural)
gouhe (dative singular)
gouhum (dative plural)
gouhu (instrumental singular)

German: Gauch

Common Germanic, akin to Old English ġēac, Old Norse gaukr, from Proto-West Germanic *gauk.


diz

nominative/accusative neuter singular of dese


skiluf

Middle High German: schilf

German: Schilf


sita

Middle High German: sīte

Alemannic German: Siite

Central Franconian: Seck

Cimbrian: sait

German: Seite

Luxembourgish: Säit

Yiddish: זײַט (zayt)

From Proto-Germanic *sīdǭ, whence also Old English sīde, Old Norse síða.


senef

Middle High German: senf

German: Senf

→ Macedonian: сенф (senf)

→ Serbo-Croatian: sȅnf

Yiddish: זענעפֿט (zeneft)


streno

Middle High German: strene

German: Strähne


riomo

riomo (nominative singular)
riomon (nominative plural)
riomun (nominative plural)
riomon (accusative singular)
riomun (accusative singular)
riomon (accusative plural)
riomun (accusative plural)
riomen (genitive singular)
riomin (genitive singular)
riomōno (genitive plural)
riomen (dative singular)
riomin (dative singular)
riomōm (dative plural)
riomōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: rieme

German: Riemen

Hunsrik: Rieme

Luxembourgish: Rimm


riemo

Middle High German: rieme

German: Riemen


herizogo

herizogo (nominative singular)
herizogon (nominative plural)
herizogun (nominative plural)
herizogon (accusative singular)
herizogun (accusative singular)
herizogon (accusative plural)
herizogun (accusative plural)
herizogen (genitive singular)
herizogin (genitive singular)
herizogōno (genitive plural)
herizogen (dative singular)
herizogin (dative singular)
herizogōm (dative plural)
herizogōn (dative plural)
herizoho (alternative)

Middle High German: herzoge, herzog

desctree

German: Herzog, Hertzog (obsolete)
→ Albanian: hercog
→ Bulgarian: херцо́г (hercóg)
→ Saterland Frisian: Härtsoch
→ Georgian: ჰერცოგი (hercogi)
→ Hungarian: herceg
→ Latgalian: gercogs
→ Latvian: hercogs
→ Lithuanian: hercogas
→ Luxembourgish: Herzog
→ Ottoman Turkish: هرسك (hersek)
Turkish: Hersek
→ Armenian: Հէրսէք (Hērsēkʻ)
→ Arabic: هرسك (Harsek)
→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܗܸܪܣܲܟ݂ (hirsaḵ)
→ Russian: ге́рцог (gércog)
→ Azerbaijani: hersoq
→ Uzbek: gersog
→ Translingual: Herzogiella
→ Ukrainian: ге́рцог (hércoh)
→ Saterland Frisian: Härtsoch
→ Serbo-Croatian: Херцег
Serbo-Croatian: Хѐрцеговина
→ English: Herzegovina

Yiddish: הערצאָג (hertsog)

→ Slovak: herzog

From Proto-West Germanic *harjatogō (“army leader”). Equivalent to heri (“army”) + *zogo (“leader”).

inh

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache


zogo

Middle High German: zoge, zog

German: Zog

From Proto-West Germanic *togō, from Proto-Germanic *tugô, whence also Old English toġa.


struz

strūz (canonical masculine)
strūz (nominative singular)
strūzā (nominative plural)
strūza (nominative plural)
strūz (accusative singular)
strūzā (accusative plural)
strūza (accusative plural)
strūzes (genitive singular)
strūzo (genitive plural)
strūze (dative singular)
strūzum (dative plural)
strūzu (instrumental singular)
*strūzo (alternative)

desctree

Middle High German: strūz, strouȥ
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: Straus
Luxembourgish: Strauss
German: Strauß
Yiddish: שטרויס (shtroys)
→ Czech: pštros
→ Slovak: pštros

From Proto-West Germanic *strūcijō, borrowed from Late Latin strūthiō, borrowed from Ancient Greek στρουθίων (strouthíōn), from στρουθός (strouthós) + -ίων (-íōn).


hopfo

hopfo (nominative singular)
hopfon (nominative plural)
hopfun (nominative plural)
hopfon (accusative singular)
hopfun (accusative singular)
hopfon (accusative plural)
hopfun (accusative plural)
hopfen (genitive singular)
hopfin (genitive singular)
hopfōno (genitive plural)
hopfen (dative singular)
hopfin (dative singular)
hopfōm (dative plural)
hopfōn (dative plural)

desctree

Middle High German: hopfe
German: Hopfen

From Proto-Germanic *huppô (“hops”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keup (“tuft, hair of the head”), referring to the plant's appearance. See also Old Saxon hoppo, Middle English hoppe.


karpho

karpho (nominative singular)
karphon (nominative plural)
karphun (nominative plural)
karphon (accusative singular)
karphun (accusative singular)
karphon (accusative plural)
karphun (accusative plural)
karphen (genitive singular)
karphin (genitive singular)
karphōno (genitive plural)
karphen (dative singular)
karphin (dative singular)
karphōm (dative plural)
karphōn (dative plural)
carfo (alternative)
carpe (alternative)
carpfo (alternative)
carph (alternative)
carphe (alternative)
carpho (alternative)
carpo (alternative)
charpfo (alternative)
charphe (alternative)
charpho (alternative)
charpo (alternative)
cherpho (alternative)
chærf (alternative)
karpha (alternative)

Middle High German: karpfe

German: Karpfen

From a Germanic source allied with Dutch karper, Old Norse karfe, karfi, Gothic *𐌺𐌰𐍂𐍀𐌰 (*karpa). Outside of Germanic, compared with Sanskrit शफर (śaphara), Welsh carp, Lithuanian šapalas. However, the un-shifted Germanic k suggests that the word entered Indo-European languages through Germanic and is ultimately from a non-Indo-European substrate native to the Alpine region and Danube basin.


krapho

krāpho (canonical masculine)
krapho (nominative singular)
kraphon (nominative plural)
kraphun (nominative plural)
kraphon (accusative singular)
kraphun (accusative singular)
kraphon (accusative plural)
kraphun (accusative plural)
kraphen (genitive singular)
kraphin (genitive singular)
kraphōno (genitive plural)
kraphen (dative singular)
kraphin (dative singular)
kraphōm (dative plural)
kraphōn (dative plural)
kraffo (alternative)
krapfo (alternative)

Middle High German: krapfe

Alemannic German: Chrapfe

German: Krapfe, Krapfen

→ Italian: graffa

From Proto-West Germanic *krappō. Compare Old Saxon krappo.


stro

Middle High German: strō

German: Stroh

Luxembourgish: Stréi

Vilamovian: śtruf

Yiddish: שטרוי (shtroy)

From Proto-West Germanic *strau, see also Old English strēaw, Old Norse strá.


stuba

Middle High German: stube

desc

Alemannic German: Schtube, Schtub, Stube

Swabian:

Bavarian:

Central Franconian: Stuvv

Luxembourgish: Stuff

East Central German:

Erzgebirgisch: [ˈʂʈuːp]

Upper Saxon German:

Vilamovian: śtuw

East Franconian:

German: Stube

Rhine Franconian: Stubb, Stobb, Stoob, Stow, Stuw

Frankfurterisch: [ʃd̥up]

Yiddish: שטיבל (shtibl), שטוב (shtub)

→ English: shtiebel

→ Hungarian: szoba (see there for further descendants)


samo

sāmo (canonical masculine)
sāmo (nominative singular)
sāmon (nominative plural)
sāmun (nominative plural)
sāmon (accusative singular)
sāmun (accusative singular)
sāmon (accusative plural)
sāmun (accusative plural)
sāmen (genitive singular)
sāmin (genitive singular)
sāmōno (genitive plural)
sāmen (dative singular)
sāmin (dative singular)
sāmōm (dative plural)
sāmōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: sāme, saume

Cimbrian: zamo

desctree

German: Samen, Same (now rare)
→ Japanese: ザーメン (zāmen)

Hunsrik: Some

Luxembourgish: Som

Vilamovian: zöma

Yiddish: זוימען (zoymen) (< saume)

From Proto-West Germanic *sāmō, from Proto-Germanic *sēmô, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₁mn̥. Cognate to Latin sēmen.


besamo

besamo (nominative singular)
besamon (nominative plural)
besamun (nominative plural)
besamon (accusative singular)
besamun (accusative singular)
besamon (accusative plural)
besamun (accusative plural)
besamen (genitive singular)
besamin (genitive singular)
besamōno (genitive plural)
besamen (dative singular)
besamin (dative singular)
besamōm (dative plural)
besamōn (dative plural)
besemo (alternative)
besmo (alternative)
pesamo (alternative)

Middle High German: bëseme, bësme

German: Besen

Luxembourgish: Biesem

Yiddish: בעזעם (bezem)

From Proto-West Germanic *besmō (“branch, rod, broom”), whence also Old English besema. More at besom.


brunno

brunno (nominative singular)
brunnon (nominative plural)
brunnun (nominative plural)
brunnon (accusative singular)
brunnun (accusative singular)
brunnon (accusative plural)
brunnun (accusative plural)
brunnen (genitive singular)
brunnin (genitive singular)
brunnōno (genitive plural)
brunnen (dative singular)
brunnin (dative singular)
brunnōm (dative plural)
brunnōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: brunne

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: prunn

Mòcheno: prunn

Central Franconian:

Luxembourgish: Buer, Bur

Hunsrik: Brunne

German: Brunnen (Bronnen, Brunne, Bronne, Brunn)

Rhine Franconian: Brunne

desc

Yiddish: ברונעם (brunem), ברונע (brune), ברונען (brunen)

From Proto-West Germanic *brunnō, from Proto-Germanic *brunnô.


gomo

gomo (nominative singular)
gomon (nominative plural)
gomun (nominative plural)
gomon (accusative singular)
gomun (accusative singular)
gomon (accusative plural)
gomun (accusative plural)
gomen (genitive singular)
gomin (genitive singular)
gomōno (genitive plural)
gomen (dative singular)
gomin (dative singular)
gomōm (dative plural)
gomōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: gome

From Proto-West Germanic *gumō. See also Old Lithuanian žmuõ (“man”) and Gothic 𐌲𐌿𐌼𐌰 (guma).


hano

hano (nominative singular)
hanon (nominative plural)
hanun (nominative plural)
hanon (accusative singular)
hanun (accusative singular)
hanon (accusative plural)
hanun (accusative plural)
hanen (genitive singular)
hanin (genitive singular)
hanōno (genitive plural)
hanen (dative singular)
hanin (dative singular)
hanōm (dative plural)
hanōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: hane, han

Alemannic German: Haane

Central Franconian:

Hunsrik: Haan

Cimbrian: haano, hå (Luserna)

German: Hahn

Luxembourgish: Hunn

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: Haahne

Yiddish: האָן (hon)

From Proto-West Germanic *hanō, from Proto-Germanic *hanô, from Proto-Indo-European *kan- (“to sing”). Compare Old Saxon hano, Old English hana, Old Norse hani, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰 (hana).


herro

hērro (canonical masculine)
hērro (nominative singular)
hērron (nominative plural)
hērrun (nominative plural)
hērron (accusative singular)
hērrun (accusative singular)
hērron (accusative plural)
hērrun (accusative plural)
hērren (genitive singular)
hērrin (genitive singular)
hērrōno (genitive plural)
hērren (dative singular)
hērrin (dative singular)
hērrōm (dative plural)
hērrōn (dative plural)
hēriro (alternative)
hēro (alternative)

Middle High German: herre

Alemannic German: Heer

Cimbrian: hear, hèere (Sette Comuni)

Central Franconian:

Hunsrik: Herr, hër

German: Herr

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: Harr

Yiddish: הער (her)

From earlier hērōro, comparative form of hēr (“gray-haired, old; noble, venerable”), from Proto-Germanic *hairaz (“grey; old, distinguished”). Compare the same semantic development from Latin senior to Old French seignor, whence the feudal meaning was loaned to Old High German in Carolingian times.


lenzo

Middle High German: lenze

desc

Alemannic German: Langssi, langsé (Formazza)

Bavarian: longas, lòngas, longast

Cimbrian: langaz, langhes, långez; lentz

Mòcheno: langes

German: Lenz

lengizin (alternative)
lenzin (alternative)
lenz (alternative)


namo

namo (nominative singular)
namon (nominative plural)
namun (nominative plural)
namon (accusative singular)
namun (accusative singular)
namon (accusative plural)
namun (accusative plural)
namen (genitive singular)
namin (genitive singular)
namōno (genitive plural)
namen (dative singular)
namin (dative singular)
namōm (dative plural)
namōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: nâme

Alemannic German: Naame

Italian Walser: namä, noame, nomu, nàmund

Bavarian: Nama, Nam, Nåm

Cimbrian: nåm, name, naamo

Mòcheno: nu'm

Udinese: nome, nòmm, nome, nomat

German: Name, Namen

Luxembourgish: Numm

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: Naame

Yiddish: נאָמען (nomen)

From Proto-West Germanic *namō, whence also Old Saxon namo and Old Dutch namo, Old English nama, Old Norse nafn, Gothic 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐍉 (namō).


nollo

nollo (nominative singular)
nollon (nominative plural)
nollun (nominative plural)
nollon (accusative singular)
nollun (accusative singular)
nollon (accusative plural)
nollun (accusative plural)
nollen (genitive singular)
nollin (genitive singular)
nollōno (genitive plural)
nollen (dative singular)
nollin (dative singular)
nollōm (dative plural)
nollōn (dative plural)
hnollo (alternative)


olbenta

Middle High German: olbende

From Proto-West Germanic *olbandu, from Proto-Germanic *ulbanduz (“camel”), from Ancient Greek ἐλέφας (eléphas, “elephant”). The sense developed in Germanic through confusion. Doublet of helfant (“elephant”), a later borrowing in the original meaning.

der

olbenda (alternative)
olpenta (alternative)
olvenda (alternative)
olvinda (alternative)
ulvinda (alternative)
olbendo (alternative)
olbento (alternative)


grafio

grāfio (canonical masculine)
grāfo (alternative)
grāvo (alternative)
grāvio (alternative)
grāphio (alternative)
krāvio (alternative)

Middle High German: grâve

German: Graf


kempfo

kempfo (nominative singular)
kempfon (nominative plural)
kempfun (nominative plural)
kempfon (accusative singular)
kempfun (accusative singular)
kempfon (accusative plural)
kempfun (accusative plural)
kempfen (genitive singular)
kempfin (genitive singular)
kempfōno (genitive plural)
kempfen (dative singular)
kempfin (dative singular)
kempfōm (dative plural)
kempfōn (dative plural)
kemphio (alternative)
chemphio (alternative)
kempho (alternative)
chempho (alternative)

Middle High German: kempfe

German: Kämpfe, Kämpfer

Agent noun belonging to Old High German kampf, whence German Kampf.
Cognate to Old Norse kappi, Old English cempa.


lih

līh (canonical feminine neuter)
līh (nominative singular)
līhi (nominative plural)
līh (accusative singular)
līhi (accusative plural)
līhi (genitive singular)
līho (genitive plural)
līhi (dative singular)
līhim (dative plural)
līhen (dative plural)
līh (nominative singular)
līh (nominative plural)
līh (accusative singular)
līh (accusative plural)
līhes (genitive singular)
līho (genitive plural)
līhe (dative singular)
līhum (dative plural)
līhu (instrumental singular)

Middle High German: lîch, lîche, leich

Central Franconian: Lich

Bavarian: Leich

German: Leiche

Luxembourgish: Läich

From Proto-West Germanic *līk. Compare Old Saxon līk, Old English līc, Old Norse lík, Gothic 𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺 (leik).


gisellio

Middle High German: geselle

Cimbrian: khsell

German: Geselle

Luxembourgish: Gesell


mennisko

mennisko (nominative singular)
menniskon (nominative plural)
menniskun (nominative plural)
menniskon (accusative singular)
menniskun (accusative singular)
menniskon (accusative plural)
menniskun (accusative plural)
mennisken (genitive singular)
menniskin (genitive singular)
menniskōno (genitive plural)
mennisken (dative singular)
menniskin (dative singular)
menniskōm (dative plural)
menniskōn (dative plural)
mennisk (alternative)

Middle High German: mensch, mensche

Alemannic German: Mänsch

Bavarian: Mensch

Mòcheno: mènsch

Central Franconian:

Hunsrik: Mensch

Kölsch: Minsch

Luxembourgish: Mënsch

German: Mensch

Rhine Franconian: Mensch (Frankfurterisch)

Pennsylvania German: Mensch

Vilamovian: menś

desctree

Yiddish: מענטש (mentsh)
→ English: mensch

Substantivization of the adjective mennisk, from Proto-West Germanic *mannisk, from Proto-Germanic *manniskaz (“human”).


mittemo

mittemo (nominative singular)
mittemon (nominative plural)
mittemun (nominative plural)
mittemon (accusative singular)
mittemun (accusative singular)
mittemon (accusative plural)
mittemun (accusative plural)
mittemen (genitive singular)
mittemin (genitive singular)
mittemōno (genitive plural)
mittemen (dative singular)
mittemin (dative singular)
mittemōm (dative plural)
mittemōn (dative plural)


scolo

scolo (nominative singular)
scolon (nominative plural)
scolun (nominative plural)
scolon (accusative singular)
scolun (accusative singular)
scolon (accusative plural)
scolun (accusative plural)
scolen (genitive singular)
scolin (genitive singular)
scolōno (genitive plural)
scolen (dative singular)
scolin (dative singular)
scolōm (dative plural)
scolōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: schol

⇒ Middle High German: selpschol

From Proto-West Germanic *skolō, from Proto-Germanic *skulô.


sparo

Middle High German: sparwe, spare, spar

Alemannic German: Spar

⇒ Middle High German: spaz, spatze (diminutive)

Alemannic German: Spatz, Schpatz

Bavarian: Spåtz

German: Spatz
→ Luxembourgish: Spatz

⇒ Old High German: sperilig

Middle High German: sperlinc

German: Sperling

Yiddish: שפּערל (shperl)

From Proto-West Germanic *sparwō, related to Old English spearwa, Gothic 𐍃𐍀𐌰𐍂𐍅𐌰 (sparwa).


sterno

sterno (nominative singular)
sternon (nominative plural)
sternun (nominative plural)
sternon (accusative singular)
sternun (accusative singular)
sternon (accusative plural)
sternun (accusative plural)
sternen (genitive singular)
sternin (genitive singular)
sternōno (genitive plural)
sternen (dative singular)
sternin (dative singular)
sternōm (dative plural)
sternōn (dative plural)
sterro (alternative)
stern (alternative)

Middle High German: stërne, stërre, stërn
Alemannic German: Stern
Bavarian: Stean
Mòcheno: stern
Central Franconian: Stään, Stär, Stären, Stern
Hunsrik: Stern
Luxembourgish: Stär
German: Stern
Vilamovian: śtaom
Yiddish: שטערן (shtern)

From Proto-West Germanic *sternō, from Proto-Germanic *sternô, *sternǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Compare Old Saxon sterro, Old Frisian stēra, Old English steorra, Old Norse stjarna, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍉 (stairnō).


stallo

stallo (nominative singular)
stallon (nominative plural)
stallun (nominative plural)
stallon (accusative singular)
stallun (accusative singular)
stallon (accusative plural)
stallun (accusative plural)
stallen (genitive singular)
stallin (genitive singular)
stallōno (genitive plural)
stallen (dative singular)
stallin (dative singular)
stallōm (dative plural)
stallōn (dative plural)


cundo

cundo (nominative singular)
cundon (nominative plural)
cundun (nominative plural)
cundon (accusative singular)
cundun (accusative singular)
cundon (accusative plural)
cundun (accusative plural)
cunden (genitive singular)
cundin (genitive singular)
cundōno (genitive plural)
cunden (dative singular)
cundin (dative singular)
cundōm (dative plural)
cundōn (dative plural)
chundo (alternative)

Middle High German: kunde

German: Kunde

From Proto-West Germanic *kunþō. Cognate with Old English cūþa, Middle Dutch conde (“acquaintance, friend”).
To be distinguished from chundeo (“witness”).


wahsmo

wahsmo (nominative singular)
wahsmon (nominative plural)
wahsmun (nominative plural)
wahsmon (accusative singular)
wahsmun (accusative singular)
wahsmon (accusative plural)
wahsmun (accusative plural)
wahsmen (genitive singular)
wahsmin (genitive singular)
wahsmōno (genitive plural)
wahsmen (dative singular)
wahsmin (dative singular)
wahsmōm (dative plural)
wahsmōn (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *wahsmō, from Proto-Germanic *wahsmô. Related to wahsan.


weiso

weiso (nominative singular)
weison (nominative plural)
weisun (nominative plural)
weison (accusative singular)
weisun (accusative singular)
weison (accusative plural)
weisun (accusative plural)
weisen (genitive singular)
weisin (genitive singular)
weisōno (genitive plural)
weisen (dative singular)
weisin (dative singular)
weisōm (dative plural)
weisōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: weise

German: Waise

⇒ Cimbrian: böozle (diminutive)

From Proto-West Germanic *waiso, thought to be either a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“to separate”) or from the same origin as Latin vītō (“to avoid”), itself possibly from *h₁weydʰh₁-.

der

Akademie-Verlag
Berlin
Wolfgang Pfeifer (etymologist)


sahho

sahho (nominative singular)
sahhon (nominative plural)
sahhun (nominative plural)
sahhon (accusative singular)
sahhun (accusative singular)
sahhon (accusative plural)
sahhun (accusative plural)
sahhen (genitive singular)
sahhin (genitive singular)
sahhōno (genitive plural)
sahhen (dative singular)
sahhin (dative singular)
sahhōm (dative plural)
sahhōn (dative plural)


willo

willo (nominative singular)
willon (nominative plural)
willun (nominative plural)
willon (accusative singular)
willun (accusative singular)
willon (accusative plural)
willun (accusative plural)
willen (genitive singular)
willin (genitive singular)
willōno (genitive plural)
willen (dative singular)
willin (dative singular)
willōm (dative plural)
willōn (dative plural)
willio (alternative)

Middle Low German: wille

Cimbrian: bill

German: Wille

Luxembourgish: Wëllen

From Proto-West Germanic *willjō (“desire, will”).


wizago

wīzago (canonical masculine)
wīzago (nominative singular)
wīzagon (nominative plural)
wīzagun (nominative plural)
wīzagon (accusative singular)
wīzagun (accusative singular)
wīzagon (accusative plural)
wīzagun (accusative plural)
wīzagen (genitive singular)
wīzagin (genitive singular)
wīzagōno (genitive plural)
wīzagen (dative singular)
wīzagin (dative singular)
wīzagōm (dative plural)
wīzagōn (dative plural)


gifeho

gifeho (nominative singular)
gifehon (nominative plural)
gifehun (nominative plural)
gifehon (accusative singular)
gifehun (accusative singular)
gifehon (accusative plural)
gifehun (accusative plural)
gifehen (genitive singular)
gifehin (genitive singular)
gifehōno (genitive plural)
gifehen (dative singular)
gifehin (dative singular)
gifehōm (dative plural)
gifehōn (dative plural)


anto

anto (nominative singular)
anton (nominative plural)
antun (nominative plural)
anton (accusative singular)
antun (accusative singular)
anton (accusative plural)
antun (accusative plural)
anten (genitive singular)
antin (genitive singular)
antōno (genitive plural)
anten (dative singular)
antin (dative singular)
antōm (dative plural)
antōn (dative plural)
ando (alternative)
anado (alternative)

Middle High German: ande

German: Ahnd, And

From Proto-West Germanic *anadō. Cognates include Old English anda.


magazogo

magazogo (nominative singular)
magazogon (nominative plural)
magazogun (nominative plural)
magazogon (accusative singular)
magazogun (accusative singular)
magazogon (accusative plural)
magazogun (accusative plural)
magazogen (genitive singular)
magazogin (genitive singular)
magazogōno (genitive plural)
magazogen (dative singular)
magazogin (dative singular)
magazogōm (dative plural)
magazogōn (dative plural)

From *mago (“boy”) + *zogo (“leader”). The former element is from Proto-West Germanic *magu.


bluomo

bluomo (nominative singular)
bluomon (nominative plural)
bluomun (nominative plural)
bluomon (accusative singular)
bluomun (accusative singular)
bluomon (accusative plural)
bluomun (accusative plural)
bluomen (genitive singular)
bluomin (genitive singular)
bluomōno (genitive plural)
bluomen (dative singular)
bluomin (dative singular)
bluomōm (dative plural)
bluomōn (dative plural)
bluoma (alternative)

desctree

Middle High German: bluome, blōme, pluome
Bavarian: Blama, Bleame, Bleaml, Bloama, Bluma
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: Blumm
Kölsch: Bloom
Luxembourgish: Blumm
German: Blume
German Low German: Bloom
Plautdietsch: Bloom
Rhine Franconian: Blum, Blumm
Frankfurterisch: [plum]
Pennsylvania German: Blumm
Yiddish: בלום (blum)

From Proto-West Germanic *blōmō, from Proto-Germanic *blōmô, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃-. Compare Old Saxon blōmo, Old Norse blóm, blómi, Gothic 𐌱𐌻𐍉𐌼𐌰 (blōma).


bogo

bogo (nominative singular)
bogon (nominative plural)
bogun (nominative plural)
bogon (accusative singular)
bogun (accusative singular)
bogon (accusative plural)
bogun (accusative plural)
bogen (genitive singular)
bogin (genitive singular)
bogōno (genitive plural)
bogen (dative singular)
bogin (dative singular)
bogōm (dative plural)
bogōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: boge

German: Bogen

Hunsrik: Bohe

Luxembourgish: Bou

desc

Rhine Franconian: Boche, Bouche, Boge, Boo, Booe

Frankfurterisch: [b̥oːɣ̥ə]

Yiddish: בויגן (boygn)

From Proto-West Germanic *bogō, see also Old Saxon bogo, Old English boga, Old Norse bogi.


borto

borto (nominative singular)
borton (nominative plural)
bortun (nominative plural)
borton (accusative singular)
bortun (accusative singular)
borton (accusative plural)
bortun (accusative plural)
borten (genitive singular)
bortin (genitive singular)
bortōno (genitive plural)
borten (dative singular)
bortin (dative singular)
bortōm (dative plural)
bortōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: borte m or f

German: Borte

From Proto-West Germanic *bordō, from Proto-Germanic *burdô. Cognate with Old English borda, borde and Old Norse borði.

seam, hem (point of attachment between fabrics)


brato

German: Brät, Brat, Braten

Related to the verb brātan which derived from Proto-Germanic *brēdaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁- (“to boil, brew”).


brutigomo

brūtigomo (canonical masculine)
brūtigomo (nominative singular)
brūtigomon (nominative plural)
brūtigomun (nominative plural)
brūtigomon (accusative singular)
brūtigomun (accusative singular)
brūtigomon (accusative plural)
brūtigomun (accusative plural)
brūtigomen (genitive singular)
brūtigomin (genitive singular)
brūtigomōno (genitive plural)
brūtigomen (dative singular)
brūtigomin (dative singular)
brūtigomōm (dative plural)
brūtigomōn (dative plural)

desc

Middle High German: brûtegoum, briutegome

German: Bräutigam

Compound of brūt + gomo, from Proto-West Germanic *brūdigumō. Cognates include Old Saxon brūdigomo, Old Frisian brēdgoma, Old English brȳdguma, and Old Norse brúðgumi.

Coordinate term: brūt


dumo

dūmo (canonical masculine)
dūmo (nominative singular)
dūmon (nominative plural)
dūmun (nominative plural)
dūmon (accusative singular)
dūmun (accusative singular)
dūmon (accusative plural)
dūmun (accusative plural)
dūmen (genitive singular)
dūmin (genitive singular)
dūmōno (genitive plural)
dūmen (dative singular)
dūmin (dative singular)
dūmōm (dative plural)
dūmōn (dative plural)

desctree

Middle High German: dūme, doume, tūme
Cimbrian: daumo
German: Daumen
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: Daume
Luxembourgish: Daum
Rhine Franconian:
Pennsylvania German: Daume

From Proto-West Germanic *þūmō, from Proto-Germanic *þūmô, from Proto-Indo-European *tum-.


totoro

totoro (nominative singular)
totoron (nominative plural)
totorun (nominative plural)
totoron (accusative singular)
totorun (accusative singular)
totoron (accusative plural)
totorun (accusative plural)
totoren (genitive singular)
totorin (genitive singular)
totorōno (genitive plural)
totoren (dative singular)
totorin (dative singular)
totorōm (dative plural)
totorōn (dative plural)
tuter (alternative)

Middle High German: toter, tuter

German: Dotter

Luxembourgish: Dueder

From Proto-West Germanic *dodrō (“egg yolk”).


trahho

trahho (nominative singular)
trahhon (nominative plural)
trahhun (nominative plural)
trahhon (accusative singular)
trahhun (accusative singular)
trahhon (accusative plural)
trahhun (accusative plural)
trahhen (genitive singular)
trahhin (genitive singular)
trahhōno (genitive plural)
trahhen (dative singular)
trahhin (dative singular)
trahhōm (dative plural)
trahhōn (dative plural)
tracho (alternative)
trakko (alternative)
tracko (alternative)

Middle High German: trache

Alemannic German: Traach

Bavarian: Drack

German: Drache

Luxembourgish: Draach

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: Drach

Vilamovian: draoch


einhurno

Middle High German: einhurne, einhorn

German: Einhorn

Yiddish: איינהאָרן (eynhorn)

Calque of Latin ūnicornis, itself a calque of Ancient Greek μονόκερως (monókerōs).

einhorn (alternative)
einhorno (alternative)
einhurn (alternative)


elho

elho (nominative singular)
elhon (nominative plural)
elhun (nominative plural)
elhon (accusative singular)
elhun (accusative singular)
elhon (accusative plural)
elhun (accusative plural)
elhen (genitive singular)
elhin (genitive singular)
elhōno (genitive plural)
elhen (dative singular)
elhin (dative singular)
elhōm (dative plural)
elhōn (dative plural)

German: Elch

From Proto-Germanic *elhaz. Akin to Old English eolc, Old Norse elgr.


faso

faso (nominative singular)
fason (nominative plural)
fasun (nominative plural)
fason (accusative singular)
fasun (accusative singular)
fason (accusative plural)
fasun (accusative plural)
fasen (genitive singular)
fasin (genitive singular)
fasōno (genitive plural)
fasen (dative singular)
fasin (dative singular)
fasōm (dative plural)
fasōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: vase

German: Faser

From Proto-West Germanic *fasō, of uncertain origin. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pē̆s- (“to blow”), which could be related to Polish pasmo (“band, strip, streak”). But, according to Kroonen, this is at odds with the spelling variants *fesōn and *fisōn, and he prefers a connection with Ancient Greek πτύσσω (ptússō, “I fold”), from a Pre-Germanic root *fisan-, from Proto-Indo-European *tpis-e- << *tpis-.


finco

finco (nominative singular)
fincon (nominative plural)
fincun (nominative plural)
fincon (accusative singular)
fincun (accusative singular)
fincon (accusative plural)
fincun (accusative plural)
fincen (genitive singular)
fincin (genitive singular)
fincōno (genitive plural)
fincen (dative singular)
fincin (dative singular)
fincōm (dative plural)
fincōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: vinke

Bavarian: Pienke

Cimbrian: finko

German: Fink
→ Estonian: vint

Pennsylvania German: Fink

From Proto-Germanic *finkô, whence also Old English finċ.


friatag

frīatag (canonical masculine)
frīatag (nominative singular)
frīatagā (nominative plural)
frīataga (nominative plural)
frīatag (accusative singular)
frīatagā (accusative plural)
frīataga (accusative plural)
frīatages (genitive singular)
frīatago (genitive plural)
frīatage (dative singular)
frīatagum (dative plural)
frīatagu (instrumental singular)
frījetag (alternative)

Middle High German: vrītac

Alemannic German: Fritig

Italian Walser: fritog, frittag, vrittàg, vréitag

Swabian: Freidig, Fri'tig, Freidich

Bavarian: Freida

Carinthian: Freitog

desc

Cimbrian: vraitag, braitag, vraita, fraitak

Mòcheno: vraita

Styrian: Freitog

Udinese: vraitach, vraiti

Central Franconian:

Kölsch: Friedach

East Franconian:

Main-Franconian: Freidich

German: Freitag

Luxembourgish: Freideg

Rhine Franconian:

Palatine German: Freidach

Pennsylvania German: Freidaag

Vilamovian: fretaog

Yiddish: פֿרײַטאָג (fraytog)

From Proto-West Germanic *Frījā dag (literally “day of Frigg”), a calque of Latin diēs Veneris. Equivalent to Frīa + tag.


flado

flado (nominative singular)
fladon (nominative plural)
fladun (nominative plural)
fladon (accusative singular)
fladun (accusative singular)
fladon (accusative plural)
fladun (accusative plural)
fladen (genitive singular)
fladin (genitive singular)
fladōno (genitive plural)
fladen (dative singular)
fladin (dative singular)
fladōm (dative plural)
fladōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: vlade

German: Flade, Fladen

Luxembourgish: Flued


fridu

Middle High German: vride, vrit

Cimbrian: friide

German: Friede, Frieden

Luxembourgish: Fridden

Yiddish: פֿרידן (fridn)

From Proto-West Germanic *friþu, from Proto-Germanic *friþuz.


funcho

funcho (nominative singular)
funchon (nominative plural)
funchun (nominative plural)
funchon (accusative singular)
funchun (accusative singular)
funchon (accusative plural)
funchun (accusative plural)
funchen (genitive singular)
funchin (genitive singular)
funchōno (genitive plural)
funchen (dative singular)
funchin (dative singular)
funchōm (dative plural)
funchōn (dative plural)
funko (alternative)
funco (alternative)

Middle High German: vunke

German: Funke

Luxembourgish: Fonk

Yiddish: פֿונק (funk)

From Proto-West Germanic *funkō, from Proto-Germanic *funkô.


furisto

furisto (nominative singular)
furiston (nominative plural)
furistun (nominative plural)
furiston (accusative singular)
furistun (accusative singular)
furiston (accusative plural)
furistun (accusative plural)
furisten (genitive singular)
furistin (genitive singular)
furistōno (genitive plural)
furisten (dative singular)
furistin (dative singular)
furistōm (dative plural)
furistōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: vürste

German: Fürst

Luxembourgish: viischt (possibly)

A substantivized superlative meaning "first," from Proto-West Germanic *furist, from Proto-Germanic *furistaz. Related to Old English fyrest.


galgo

galgo (nominative singular)
galgon (nominative plural)
galgun (nominative plural)
galgon (accusative singular)
galgun (accusative singular)
galgon (accusative plural)
galgun (accusative plural)
galgen (genitive singular)
galgin (genitive singular)
galgōno (genitive plural)
galgen (dative singular)
galgin (dative singular)
galgōm (dative plural)
galgōn (dative plural)
galga (alternative)

Middle High German: galge

Alemannic German: Galge

desctree

German: Galgen
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: галге
Latin script: galge

Luxembourgish: Gaalgen

From Proto-West Germanic *galgō, see also Old Saxon galgo, Old Frisian galga, Old English ġealga, Old Norse galgi, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌲𐌰 (galga).


garto

garto (nominative singular)
garton (nominative plural)
gartun (nominative plural)
garton (accusative singular)
gartun (accusative singular)
garton (accusative plural)
gartun (accusative plural)
garten (genitive singular)
gartin (genitive singular)
gartōno (genitive plural)
garten (dative singular)
gartin (dative singular)
gartōm (dative plural)
gartōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: garte
Alemannic German: Garte, Gaarte
Bavarian: Gåatn, Goatn, Gårtn, Gåschtn
Cimbrian: gaarto, gart (Luserna)
Central Franconian: (Ripuarian) Jaade, Jaat (western Ripuarian), Gaade, Gaarde, Goarde, Goart (Moselle Franconian)
Hunsrik: Gaarde
Luxembourgish: Gaart
, ([ˈɡɔːɐ̯tn̩] Britten)
East Franconian: [ˈɡ̊ad̥n̩]
German: Garten
Rhine Franconian: (South Hessian) /ˈɡaːtə/, /ˈɡaːrə/, (Palatine) /ˈɡaːtə/
Pennsylvania German: Gaarde
Yiddish: גאָרטן (gortn)

From Proto-West Germanic *gardō, from Proto-Germanic *gardô, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ-.


goumo

goumo (nominative singular)
goumon (nominative plural)
goumun (nominative plural)
goumon (accusative singular)
goumun (accusative singular)
goumon (accusative plural)
goumun (accusative plural)
goumen (genitive singular)
goumin (genitive singular)
goumōno (genitive plural)
goumen (dative singular)
goumin (dative singular)
goumōm (dative plural)
goumōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: goume, goum

Cimbrian: gaumo

German: Gaum; Gaumen

From Proto-Germanic *gaumô, an alternative form of *gōmô (“gum, palate”), whence also Old English gōma.


habaro

habaro (nominative singular)
habaron (nominative plural)
habarun (nominative plural)
habaron (accusative singular)
habarun (accusative singular)
habaron (accusative plural)
habarun (accusative plural)
habaren (genitive singular)
habarin (genitive singular)
habarōno (genitive plural)
habaren (dative singular)
habarin (dative singular)
habarōm (dative plural)
habarōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: habere, haber

Cimbrian: habarn pl

German: Haber

Luxembourgish: Huewer

Yiddish: האָבער (hober)


hako

hāko (canonical masculine)
hāko (nominative singular)
hākon (nominative plural)
hākun (nominative plural)
hākon (accusative singular)
hākun (accusative singular)
hākon (accusative plural)
hākun (accusative plural)
hāken (genitive singular)
hākin (genitive singular)
hākōno (genitive plural)
hāken (dative singular)
hākin (dative singular)
hākōm (dative plural)
hākōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: hāken

German: Haken

→ Czech: hák

→ Polish: hak

From Proto-West Germanic *hakō, from Proto-Germanic *hakô, from Proto-Indo-European *keg-.


haso

haso (nominative singular)
hason (nominative plural)
hasun (nominative plural)
hason (accusative singular)
hasun (accusative singular)
hason (accusative plural)
hasun (accusative plural)
hasen (genitive singular)
hasin (genitive singular)
hasōno (genitive plural)
hasen (dative singular)
hasin (dative singular)
hasōm (dative plural)
hasōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: hase

Alemannic German: Haase

Bavarian: Hås

Cimbrian: haazo, has (Luserna)

Mòcheno: hos

Central Franconian: Has, Hoas

Luxembourgish: Hues

desctree

German: Hase, Haase
→ French: hase
→ Silesian: hazŏk

Vilamovian: hoza

Yiddish: האָז (hoz)


heidano

heidano (nominative singular)
heidanon (nominative plural)
heidanun (nominative plural)
heidanon (accusative singular)
heidanun (accusative singular)
heidanon (accusative plural)
heidanun (accusative plural)
heidanen (genitive singular)
heidanin (genitive singular)
heidanōno (genitive plural)
heidanen (dative singular)
heidanin (dative singular)
heidanōm (dative plural)
heidanōn (dative plural)

German: Heide

→ Yiddish: הייד (heyd)

From Proto-Germanic *haiþinaz, a calque of Latin paganus; equivalent to heida (“wilderness”) + -ano.


huosto

huosto (nominative singular)
huoston (nominative plural)
huostun (nominative plural)
huoston (accusative singular)
huostun (accusative singular)
huoston (accusative plural)
huostun (accusative plural)
huosten (genitive singular)
huostin (genitive singular)
huostōno (genitive plural)
huosten (dative singular)
huostin (dative singular)
huostōm (dative plural)
huostōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: huoste

Alemannic German: Hueste

German: Husten


kasto

kasto (nominative singular)
kaston (nominative plural)
kastun (nominative plural)
kaston (accusative singular)
kastun (accusative singular)
kaston (accusative plural)
kastun (accusative plural)
kasten (genitive singular)
kastin (genitive singular)
kastōno (genitive plural)
kasten (dative singular)
kastin (dative singular)
kastōm (dative plural)
kastōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: kaste

desc

Alemannic German: Chaschte, Chaste, Kaschte

German: Kasten

Yiddish: קאַסטן (kastn)


kimo

kīmo (canonical masculine)
kīmo (nominative singular)
kīmon (nominative plural)
kīmun (nominative plural)
kīmon (accusative singular)
kīmun (accusative singular)
kīmon (accusative plural)
kīmun (accusative plural)
kīmen (genitive singular)
kīmin (genitive singular)
kīmōno (genitive plural)
kīmen (dative singular)
kīmin (dative singular)
kīmōm (dative plural)
kīmōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: kīme

German: Keim

Luxembourgish: Kéng

From Proto-West Germanic *kīmō, from Proto-Germanic *kīmô.


kneo

Middle High German: knie

Alemannic German: Chnüüw

Cimbrian: khnia

German: Knie

Luxembourgish: Knéi

Vilamovian: kni

Yiddish: קני (kni)

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *knewą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu. Compare Old Saxon knio, Old English cnēow, Old Norse kné, Gothic 𐌺𐌽𐌹𐌿 (kniu).

kniu (alternative)
knio (alternative)
chniu (alternative)
chneo (alternative)


knoto

knoto (nominative singular)
knoton (nominative plural)
knotun (nominative plural)
knoton (accusative singular)
knotun (accusative singular)
knoton (accusative plural)
knotun (accusative plural)
knoten (genitive singular)
knotin (genitive singular)
knotōno (genitive plural)
knoten (dative singular)
knotin (dative singular)
knotōm (dative plural)
knotōn (dative plural)
knodo (alternative)
chnodo (alternative)

Middle High German: knote, knode

Alemannic German: Chnode

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: khnòtto, khnott (Luserna)

Mòcheno: knott

German: Knoten

From Proto-Germanic *knuppô (“lump, clod”), related to *knappô (“knob”), *knappa-, which is perhaps related to *knappō (“knob, boy”). See also Old English cnotta, Dutch knot.


leimo

leimo (nominative singular)
leimon (nominative plural)
leimun (nominative plural)
leimon (accusative singular)
leimun (accusative singular)
leimon (accusative plural)
leimun (accusative plural)
leimen (genitive singular)
leimin (genitive singular)
leimōno (genitive plural)
leimen (dative singular)
leimin (dative singular)
leimōm (dative plural)
leimōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: leim, lēm

Bavarian: Lahm, Loam

German: Lehm (merged with Middle Low German)

Hunsrik: Lehm

Luxembourgish: Leem

Yiddish: ליים (leym)

From Proto-West Germanic *laimō, from Proto-Germanic *laimô, variant of *laimaz.


melo

Middle High German: mël

Alemannic German: Mël, Mèhl

Bavarian: Mej, Möö

Central Franconian:

Hunsrik: Meel

Luxembourgish: Miel

German: Mehl

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: Mehl

Vilamovian: maoł

Yiddish: מעל (mel)


metu

Middle High German: mete, met

German: Met

From Proto-West Germanic *medu. Compare Old Saxon, Old Dutch medu, Old Norse mjǫðr.


narro

narro (nominative singular)
narron (nominative plural)
narrun (nominative plural)
narron (accusative singular)
narrun (accusative singular)
narron (accusative plural)
narrun (accusative plural)
narren (genitive singular)
narrin (genitive singular)
narrōno (genitive plural)
narren (dative singular)
narrin (dative singular)
narrōm (dative plural)
narrōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: narre

Alemannic German: Narr

Bavarian: Noar (see there for further descendants)

German: Narr (see there for further descendants)

Pennsylvania German: Narr

Yiddish: נאַר (nar)


nevo

nevo (nominative singular)
nevon (nominative plural)
nevun (nominative plural)
nevon (accusative singular)
nevun (accusative singular)
nevon (accusative plural)
nevun (accusative plural)
neven (genitive singular)
nevin (genitive singular)
nevōno (genitive plural)
neven (dative singular)
nevin (dative singular)
nevōm (dative plural)
nevōn (dative plural)
nefo (alternative)

Middle High German: nëfe, nëve, nëf, nebe

Cimbrian: néf

desctree

German: Neffe, Nefe (obsolete)
→? German Low German: Neffe

From Proto-Germanic *nefô, whence also Old English nefa, Old Norse nefi.


nioro

nioro (nominative singular)
nioron (nominative plural)
niorun (nominative plural)
nioron (accusative singular)
niorun (accusative singular)
nioron (accusative plural)
niorun (accusative plural)
nioren (genitive singular)
niorin (genitive singular)
niorōno (genitive plural)
nioren (dative singular)
niorin (dative singular)
niorōm (dative plural)
niorōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: niere

German: Niere f

→ Luxembourgish: Nier

Hunsrik: Nier

q

archaic, but see <i class="Latn mention" lang="lb">Éierchen</i>

Luxembourgish: Néier (archaic, but see Éierchen)

Yiddish: ניר (nir)


ohso

ohso (nominative singular)
ohson (nominative plural)
ohsun (nominative plural)
ohson (accusative singular)
ohsun (accusative singular)
ohson (accusative plural)
ohsun (accusative plural)
ohsen (genitive singular)
ohsin (genitive singular)
ohsōno (genitive plural)
ohsen (dative singular)
ohsin (dative singular)
ohsōm (dative plural)
ohsōn (dative plural)

desctree

Middle High German: ohse, ochse, osse, ox
Bavarian:
Cimbrian: oks
Mòcheno: ocks
German: Ochse, Ochs (regional or poetic)
→ Luxembourgish: Ochs
Central Franconian: Ohs
Hunsrik: Ochs
Luxembourgish: Uess
Yiddish: אָקס (oks)

From Proto-West Germanic *ohsō, from Proto-Germanic *uhsô, from Proto-Indo-European *uksḗn.


rahho

rahho (nominative singular)
rahhon (nominative plural)
rahhun (nominative plural)
rahhon (accusative singular)
rahhun (accusative singular)
rahhon (accusative plural)
rahhun (accusative plural)
rahhen (genitive singular)
rahhin (genitive singular)
rahhōno (genitive plural)
rahhen (dative singular)
rahhin (dative singular)
rahhōm (dative plural)
rahhōn (dative plural)
hrahho (alternative)

Middle High German: rache

Alemannic German: Chrache

German: Rachen

→ Middle Low German: rache

German Low German: Rachen


rifo

rīfo (canonical masculine)
rīfo (nominative singular)
rīfon (nominative plural)
rīfun (nominative plural)
rīfon (accusative singular)
rīfun (accusative singular)
rīfon (accusative plural)
rīfun (accusative plural)
rīfen (genitive singular)
rīfin (genitive singular)
rīfōno (genitive plural)
rīfen (dative singular)
rīfin (dative singular)
rīfōm (dative plural)
rīfōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: rīfe, rīf

German: Reif

From Proto-West Germanic *hrīpō, from the oblique stem of Proto-Germanic *hrīmô (“hoarfrost”).


heigaro

heigaro (nominative singular)
heigaron (nominative plural)
heigarun (nominative plural)
heigaron (accusative singular)
heigarun (accusative singular)
heigaron (accusative plural)
heigarun (accusative plural)
heigaren (genitive singular)
heigarin (genitive singular)
heigarōno (genitive plural)
heigaren (dative singular)
heigarin (dative singular)
heigarōm (dative plural)
heigarōn (dative plural)
reigaro (alternative)
reigar (alternative)

Middle High German: heiger, reiger

desctree

German: Reiher
→ Saterland Frisian: Raier

Luxembourgish: Räer

→ Italian: airone (partially from Old French)

From Proto-West Germanic *hraigrō, from Proto-Germanic *haigrô, *hraigrô.


rocko

rocko (nominative singular)
rockon (nominative plural)
rockun (nominative plural)
rockon (accusative singular)
rockun (accusative singular)
rockon (accusative plural)
rockun (accusative plural)
rocken (genitive singular)
rockin (genitive singular)
rockōno (genitive plural)
rocken (dative singular)
rockin (dative singular)
rockōm (dative plural)
rockōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: rocke

German: Rocken (archaic)

Mòcheno: rocken

From Proto-West Germanic *roggō, whence also Old Saxon roggo, Old Dutch *roggo, and Old Frisian rogga. Old English ryġe and Old Norse rugr are also closely related. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wrugʰyo- (compare Russian рожь (rožʹ) and Old Prussian rugis).


rocko

German: Rocken

From Proto-Germanic *rukkô, akin to Old Norse rokkr.


reho

rēho (canonical masculine)
rēho (nominative singular)
rēhon (nominative plural)
rēhun (nominative plural)
rēhon (accusative singular)
rēhun (accusative singular)
rēhon (accusative plural)
rēhun (accusative plural)
rēhen (genitive singular)
rēhin (genitive singular)
rēhōno (genitive plural)
rēhen (dative singular)
rēhin (dative singular)
rēhōm (dative plural)
rēhōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: rēch n, rē n

Bavarian:

Mòcheno: reach

Central Franconian:

Hunsrik: Reh

Luxembourgish: Réi

German: Reh

Rhine Franconian:

Frankfurterisch: [ʀeː]

From Proto-West Germanic *raihō, from Proto-Germanic *raihô, cognate with Old English rāha, rā, Proto-Norse ᚱᚨᛇᚺᚨᚾ (raïhan) (genitive singular) Old Norse rá.


tiufal

tiufala (plural)
tiufal (nominative singular)
tiufalā (nominative plural)
tiufala (nominative plural)
tiufal (accusative singular)
tiufalā (accusative plural)
tiufala (accusative plural)
tiufales (genitive singular)
tiufalo (genitive plural)
tiufale (dative singular)
tiufalum (dative plural)
tiufalu (instrumental singular)
tiwal (alternative)

Middle High German: tiuvel, tievel

Alemannic German: Tüüfel

Swabian: Deifel

Bavarian: Deiwi, Deifi, Teifi

Cimbrian: taüvl

desc

Central Franconian: Düüvel, Deuvel, Deivel

Hunsrik: Deivel

Luxembourgish: Däiwel

East Central German: Deibel, Teibel, Teifel

Vilamovian: tojfuł

→ German: Deibel

German: Teufel

Rhine Franconian: Deiwel

Pennsylvania German: Deiwel

Yiddish: טײַוול (tayvl)

From Proto-West Germanic *diubul; see modern German Teufel for more. The word might have adopted its -f- by association with tiof (“deep”), as the expected form would be *tiubal.


drubo

drūbo (canonical masculine)
drūbo (nominative singular)
drūbon (nominative plural)
drūbun (nominative plural)
drūbon (accusative singular)
drūbun (accusative singular)
drūbon (accusative plural)
drūbun (accusative plural)
drūben (genitive singular)
drūbin (genitive singular)
drūbōno (genitive plural)
drūben (dative singular)
drūbin (dative singular)
drūbōm (dative plural)
drūbōn (dative plural)
thrūbo (alternative)

German: Traube

Yiddish: טרויב (troyb)


tropfo

tropfo (nominative singular)
tropfon (nominative plural)
tropfun (nominative plural)
tropfon (accusative singular)
tropfun (accusative singular)
tropfon (accusative plural)
tropfun (accusative plural)
tropfen (genitive singular)
tropfin (genitive singular)
tropfōno (genitive plural)
tropfen (dative singular)
tropfin (dative singular)
tropfōm (dative plural)
tropfōn (dative plural)
troffo (alternative)
tropho (alternative)

Middle High German: tropfe

German: Tropfe, Tropfen

Yiddish: טראָפּן (tropn), טראָפּ (trop)

From Proto-West Germanic *dropō, whence also Old English dropa, Old Norse dropi.


tumphilo

German: Tümpel

From Proto-Germanic *dumpilaz, related to *deupaz (“deep”). See also modern German Tümpel and English dimple.


fetiro

German: Vetter


fihu

Middle High German: vihe, vëhe, vich, viech, vech, vie, vē

Alemannic German: Vëh

Swabian: Viech

Bavarian: Viech

Cimbrian: viighe, biighe (Mezzaselva)

East Central German:

Upper Saxon German: Viech

German: Vieh; Viech (with distinction)

Luxembourgish: Véi

Rhine Franconian:

Hessian: Veh, Veih, Vieh

Palatine: Veh, Vieh, Viech

Yiddish: פֿיך (fikh)

From Proto-West Germanic *fehu, from Proto-Germanic *fehu, from Proto-Indo-European *péḱu (“livestock, domestic animals”).
Germanic cognates include Old Saxon fehu (Low German Veeh), Old English feoh (“cattle, property”) (English fee), Dutch vee, Old Frisian fia (West Frisian fee), Old Norse fé (Danish fæ, Swedish fä), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿 (faihu). The Indo-European root is also the source of Sanskrit पशु (paśu, “cattle”), Latin pecus, Old Armenian ասր (asr, “fleece”) and Lithuanian pekus (“cattle”).


wado

German: Wade

From Proto-Germanic *waþwô. Cognate with Old Saxon watho, Old Norse vǫðvi.


wehha

wehha (nominative singular)
wehhūn (nominative plural)
wehhūn (accusative singular)
wehhūn (accusative plural)
wehhūn (genitive singular)
wehhōno (genitive plural)
wehhūn (dative singular)
wehhōm (dative plural)
wehhōn (dative plural)
wecha (alternative)
wohha (alternative)
wocha (alternative)

desctree

Middle High German: woche, wuche, weche
Alemannic German:
Italian Walser: bòchò, wuchu, wucha, wucchu
Bavarian: Woch, Wocha, Wochn
Cimbrian: bòcha, boch (Luserna)
Mòcheno: boch
Central Franconian: Woch, Wech, Wääch (Ripuarian; now widely obsolete)
Hunsrik: Woch
Luxembourgish: Woch
German: Woche
Rhine Franconian:
Pennsylvania German: Woch
Vilamovian: woch
Yiddish: וואָך (vokh)

From Proto-West Germanic *wikā, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ (“sequence, week”), whence also Old English wiċe, Old Norse vika.


amsala

Middle High German: amsel

German: Amsel

amsla (alternative)
amasla (alternative)
amusla (alternative)
amisla (alternative)


asc

Middle High German: asche, esche

Cimbrian: ess

German: Esche

Luxembourgish: Esch

Yiddish: אַשבוים (ashboym)

⇒? German: Essen (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-West Germanic *ask, see also Old English æsc, Old Norse askr.


backo

backo (nominative singular)
backon (nominative plural)
backun (nominative plural)
backon (accusative singular)
backun (accusative singular)
backon (accusative plural)
backun (accusative plural)
backen (genitive singular)
backin (genitive singular)
backōno (genitive plural)
backen (dative singular)
backin (dative singular)
backōm (dative plural)
backōn (dative plural)
bakko (alternative)

Middle High German: backe

German: Backe

Yiddish: באַק (bak)

Further origin uncertain; note, however, the similarity to Ancient Greek φᾰγεῖν (phăgeîn, “eat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g- (“to divide, distribute”) (though the same non-trivial semantic shift occurring in two independent branches is unlikely), as well as Latin bucca.


balo

Middle High German: bale

⇒ Middle High German: balheit

From Proto-West Germanic *balu, see also Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (balweins, “torture”), Old English bealu, Old Norse bǫl.


balz

>? Middle High German: balz, balzer

German: Balz (etymology disputed)

From Proto-Germanic *baltaz, *baltijaz (“belt, girdle”), whence also Old English belt, Old Norse belti.


bano

bano (nominative singular)
banon (nominative plural)
banun (nominative plural)
banon (accusative singular)
banun (accusative singular)
banon (accusative plural)
banun (accusative plural)
banen (genitive singular)
banin (genitive singular)
banōno (genitive plural)
banen (dative singular)
banin (dative singular)
banōm (dative plural)
banōn (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *banō, from Proto-Germanic *banô. Cognate with Old English bana, Old Norse Old Norse bani.


biscof

Middle High German: bischof

Cimbrian: bissof

German: Bischof

Vilamovian: bisküp

Yiddish: בישאָף (bishof)

Borrowed from Latin episcopus, whence also Old English biscop, Old Norse biskup.


blio

blīo (canonical neuter)
blīwo (alternative)
blīoh (alternative)

Middle High German: blī

German: Blei

Luxembourgish: Bläi

Vilamovian: błaj

Yiddish: בלײַ (blay)


bremo

German: Bremse

From the verb *breman, from Proto-West Germanic *breman (“to hum, drone”). According to Kluge, Duden, and Pokorny, this is related to the root of modern brummen (“to hum, growl”), which is *brummōn.
Related to Old Saxon brimissa. Also compare *bramjaną (“to roar”).

inh

Brill Publishers
Friedrich Kluge
John Francis Davis


burgeo

Middle High German: bürge

German: Bürge

Luxembourgish: Bierg

From Proto-Germanic *burgijô, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ- (“to safeguard, protect; to preserve”).


cheviro

cheviro (nominative singular)
cheviron (nominative plural)
chevirun (nominative plural)
cheviron (accusative singular)
chevirun (accusative singular)
cheviron (accusative plural)
chevirun (accusative plural)
cheviren (genitive singular)
chevirin (genitive singular)
chevirōno (genitive plural)
cheviren (dative singular)
chevirin (dative singular)
chevirōm (dative plural)
chevirōn (dative plural)
chevar (alternative)

Middle High German: kever

Alemannic German: Chääfer

German: Käfer

→ Ladin: chëifer

q

from MHG <i class="Latn mention" lang="gmh">*keverlinc</i>

⇒ Luxembourgish: Kiewerlek (from MHG *keverlinc)

From Proto-West Germanic *kefrō, whence also Old English ceafor (English chafer), Old Dutch *keviro (Dutch kever), Old Saxon kevera (Low German Käver).


kerno

kerno (nominative singular)
kernon (nominative plural)
kernun (nominative plural)
kernon (accusative singular)
kernun (accusative singular)
kernon (accusative plural)
kernun (accusative plural)
kernen (genitive singular)
kernin (genitive singular)
kernōno (genitive plural)
kernen (dative singular)
kernin (dative singular)
kernōm (dative plural)
kernōn (dative plural)
kern (alternative)

Middle High German: kerne, kern

Central Franconian:

Hunsrik: Kern

German: Kern

Luxembourgish: Kär

Yiddish: קערן (kern)


knappo

knappo (nominative singular)
knappon (nominative plural)
knappun (nominative plural)
knappon (accusative singular)
knappun (accusative singular)
knappon (accusative plural)
knappun (accusative plural)
knappen (genitive singular)
knappin (genitive singular)
knappōno (genitive plural)
knappen (dative singular)
knappin (dative singular)
knappōm (dative plural)
knappōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: knappe

German: Knappe

Mòcheno: knòpp


taha

Middle High German: tāhe

German: Tach, Dache (dialectal)

From Proto-West Germanic *dāhwā. Akin to Old English *dawe, English daw.


koufo

koufo (nominative singular)
koufon (nominative plural)
koufun (nominative plural)
koufon (accusative singular)
koufun (accusative singular)
koufon (accusative plural)
koufun (accusative plural)
koufen (genitive singular)
koufin (genitive singular)
koufōno (genitive plural)
koufen (dative singular)
koufin (dative singular)
koufōm (dative plural)
koufōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: koufe


koufo

first/third-person singular present subjunctive of koufōn

second-person singular present imperative of koufōn


koufon

koufōn (canonical)
koufōn (infinitive)
koufōm (first-person present singular)
koufōn (first-person present singular)
koufōta (first-person past singular)
koufōs (present second-person singular)
koufōst (present second-person singular)
koufōtōs (past second-person singular)
koufōtōst (past second-person singular)
koufōt (present singular third-person)
koufōta (past singular third-person)
koufōm (first-person plural present)
koufōmēs (first-person plural present)
koufōtum (first-person past plural)
koufōtumēs (first-person past plural)
koufōt (plural present second-person)
koufōtut (past plural second-person)
koufōnt (plural present third-person)
koufōtun (past plural third-person)
koufo (first-person present singular)
koufōti (first-person past singular)
koufōtīs (past second-person singular)
koufo (present singular third-person)
koufōti (past singular third-person)
koufōtīm (first-person past plural)
koufōtīmēs (first-person past plural)
koufōtīt (past plural second-person)
koufōn (plural present third-person)
koufōtīn (past plural third-person)
koufo (present singular)
koufōt (plural present)
koufōnti (present)
gikoufōt (past)
choufōn (alternative Alemannic Bavarian Upper-German)

Middle High German: koufen

Alemannic German:

Alsatian: köife

Swabian: kaafe

Bavarian: kaufn, kaffa

desc

Central Franconian: koofe, kaufe (Kölsch; Westerwald), koofn

East Franconian: kaafm

German: kaufen

Luxembourgish: kafen

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: kaafe

Vilamovian: kaofja

Yiddish: קויפֿן (koyfn)

From Proto-West Germanic *kaupōn. Cognate with Old English ċēapian.


koufon

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


kouf

desctree

Middle High German: kouf, keuf
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: Kaaf
German: Kauf

From Proto-West Germanic *kaup, from *kaupōn, from Proto-Germanic *kaupōną, from *kaupô + *-ōną.


kocho

kocho (nominative singular)
kochon (nominative plural)
kochun (nominative plural)
kochon (accusative singular)
kochun (accusative singular)
kochon (accusative plural)
kochun (accusative plural)
kochen (genitive singular)
kochin (genitive singular)
kochōno (genitive plural)
kochen (dative singular)
kochin (dative singular)
kochōm (dative plural)
kochōn (dative plural)

Cognate with English cog (“type of ship”).


kolbo

kolbo (nominative singular)
kolbon (nominative plural)
kolbun (nominative plural)
kolbon (accusative singular)
kolbun (accusative singular)
kolbon (accusative plural)
kolbun (accusative plural)
kolben (genitive singular)
kolbin (genitive singular)
kolbōno (genitive plural)
kolben (dative singular)
kolbin (dative singular)
kolbōm (dative plural)
kolbōn (dative plural)
cholpo (alternative)

Middle High German: kolbe

Alemannic German: Cholbe, Cholpe

Bavarian: Koim, Koibm

Central Franconian: Kolf, Kolwe

Hunsrik: Kolve

German: Kolben

→ Luxembourgish: Kolben

Luxembourgish: Kollef, Kolf

Rhine Franconian: Kolwe

Pennsylvania German: Kolwe

From Proto-West Germanic *kolbō, derivative of Proto-Germanic *kulbaz (“round object”), from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to form into a ball”). Cognate to Old Norse kylfa and kolfr.


klobo

klobo (nominative singular)
klobon (nominative plural)
klobun (nominative plural)
klobon (accusative singular)
klobun (accusative singular)
klobon (accusative plural)
klobun (accusative plural)
kloben (genitive singular)
klobin (genitive singular)
klobōno (genitive plural)
kloben (dative singular)
klobin (dative singular)
klobōm (dative plural)
klobōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: klobe

German: Kloben


chleo

chlēo (canonical masculine)
klēo (alternative)

Middle High German: klē

Central Franconian: Klee, Klie

Cimbrian: khlea

German: Klee

Luxembourgish: Kléi

desc

Rhine Franconian: Klee, Kleje, Klie, Kläi

Vilamovian: kłej


kezzil

Middle High German: kezzel

Cimbrian: khéssel

German: Kessel

Hunsrik: Kessel

Luxembourgish: Kessel

Pennsylvania German: Kessel

Vilamovian: kesuł

Yiddish: קעסל (kesl)


armilo

armilo (nominative singular)
armilon (nominative plural)
armilun (nominative plural)
armilon (accusative singular)
armilun (accusative singular)
armilon (accusative plural)
armilun (accusative plural)
armilen (genitive singular)
armilin (genitive singular)
armilōno (genitive plural)
armilen (dative singular)
armilin (dative singular)
armilōm (dative plural)
armilōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: ermel

Alemannic German: Ärmel

Cimbrian: èrmel

German: Ärmel

Hunsrik: Aarmel

Yiddish: אַרבל (arbl)


elinbogo

elinbogo (nominative singular)
elinbogon (nominative plural)
elinbogun (nominative plural)
elinbogon (accusative singular)
elinbogun (accusative singular)
elinbogon (accusative plural)
elinbogun (accusative plural)
elinbogen (genitive singular)
elinbogin (genitive singular)
elinbogōno (genitive plural)
elinbogen (dative singular)
elinbogin (dative singular)
elinbogōm (dative plural)
elinbogōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: elenboge

German: Ellenboge, Ellbogen, Ellenbogen

Luxembourgish: Ielebou

Vilamovian: ełböga

Yiddish: עלנבויגן (elnboygn)

From Proto-Germanic *alinabugô. By surface analysis, elina (“ulna, ell”) + bogo (“bow, arch”).


fano

fano (nominative singular)
fanon (nominative plural)
fanun (nominative plural)
fanon (accusative singular)
fanun (accusative singular)
fanon (accusative plural)
fanun (accusative plural)
fanen (genitive singular)
fanin (genitive singular)
fanōno (genitive plural)
fanen (dative singular)
fanin (dative singular)
fanōm (dative plural)
fanōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: vane, van

Alemannic German: Faane

Cimbrian: baane

German: Fahne
→ Silesian: fana

Hunsrik: Faan

Yiddish: פֿאָן (fon)

From Proto-West Germanic *fanō, from Proto-Germanic *fanô, whence also Old English fana, Old Norse fani.


falco

falco (nominative singular)
falcon (nominative plural)
falcun (nominative plural)
falcon (accusative singular)
falcun (accusative singular)
falcon (accusative plural)
falcun (accusative plural)
falcen (genitive singular)
falcin (genitive singular)
falcōno (genitive plural)
falcen (dative singular)
falcin (dative singular)
falcōm (dative plural)
falcōn (dative plural)
falko (alternative)
falcho (alternative)
falc (alternative)

Middle High German: valke

German: Falke, Falk

Hunsrik: Fallek

Luxembourgish: Fallek

From Proto-West Germanic *falkō, from Proto-Germanic *falkô. See Latin falcō.


farah

Middle High German: varch

⇒ Old High German: farhīli, farheli (diminutive)

Middle High German: verkel, verhel

Alemannic German: Färli

German: Ferkel

Luxembourgish: Fierkel

From Proto-West Germanic *farh, whence also Old English fearh.


fendo

fendo (nominative singular)
fendon (nominative plural)
fendun (nominative plural)
fendon (accusative singular)
fendun (accusative singular)
fendon (accusative plural)
fendun (accusative plural)
fenden (genitive singular)
fendin (genitive singular)
fendōno (genitive plural)
fenden (dative singular)
fendin (dative singular)
fendōm (dative plural)
fendōn (dative plural)
fendeo (alternative)

Middle High German: vende

Swabian: Fende

Alemannic German: Fend

From Proto-West Germanic *fanþijō (“walker, walking”), from Proto-Indo-European *pent- (“to go, pass”).


floccho

Probably from Proto-Germanic *flukkōn-, *flukkan-, *fluksōn- (“down, flock”), from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“hair, fibres, tuft”). Akin to English floc and its doublet flock (“tufts, lock of wool”), Middle Dutch vlocke (“flock”), Faroese flóki (“tuft of wool, bank of fog”), Icelandic flóki (“dark cloud, tangle, felt”) and Norwegian dialectal flugsa (“snowflake”).
Alternatively borrowed from Latin floccus which perhaps is a loan from Germanic. Compare Albanian flok (“hair”), which could be a loan from Latin.


folo

folo (nominative singular)
folon (nominative plural)
folun (nominative plural)
folon (accusative singular)
folun (accusative singular)
folon (accusative plural)
folun (accusative plural)
folen (genitive singular)
folin (genitive singular)
folōno (genitive plural)
folen (dative singular)
folin (dative singular)
folōm (dative plural)
folōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: vole

From Proto-West Germanic *folō. Cognates include Old English fola, Old Norse foli.


foll

Middle High German: vol, voll

Alemannic German: vole, voll

Bavarian: voi, vui

Cimbrian: vòll, bòll (Mezzaselva)

Hunsrik: foll

Luxembourgish: voll

German: voll

Vilamovian: fułł

Yiddish: פֿול (ful)

From Proto-West Germanic *full, from Proto-Germanic *fullaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós.
Cognate with Old Saxon ful, Old English full, Dutch vol, Old Norse fullr, Gothic 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐍃 (fulls).


grabo

From a derivative of Proto-West Germanic *graban (“to dig”).


gisindo

gisindo (nominative singular)
gisindon (nominative plural)
gisindun (nominative plural)
gisindon (accusative singular)
gisindun (accusative singular)
gisindon (accusative plural)
gisindun (accusative plural)
gisinden (genitive singular)
gisindin (genitive singular)
gisindōno (genitive plural)
gisinden (dative singular)
gisindin (dative singular)
gisindōm (dative plural)
gisindōn (dative plural)

German: Gesinde


gazza

Middle High German: gazze

desc

Central Franconian: Jass, Jaas (western Ripuarian), Gass (eastern Moselle Franconian), Gaß (western Moselle Franconian)

Bavarian: Gåssn

German: Gasse

Luxembourgish: Gaass

Yiddish: גאַס (gas)

→ Middle Low German: gatze, gadtze, gasse

Plautdietsch: Gauss

→ Middle Dutch: gasse

Dutch: gas

→ Slovene: gȃsa

From Proto-West Germanic *gatwā, from Proto-Germanic *gatwǭ, whence also Old Norse gata, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐍅𐍉 (gatwō).


vaz

German: Fass

From Proto-Germanic *fatą, whence also Old English fæt, Old Norse fat.


gimazzo

gimazzo (nominative singular)
gimazzon (nominative plural)
gimazzun (nominative plural)
gimazzon (accusative singular)
gimazzun (accusative singular)
gimazzon (accusative plural)
gimazzun (accusative plural)
gimazzen (genitive singular)
gimazzin (genitive singular)
gimazzōno (genitive plural)
gimazzen (dative singular)
gimazzin (dative singular)
gimazzōm (dative plural)
gimazzōn (dative plural)

Of West Germanic origin, from Proto-Germanic *gamatô, *gamatjô, itself from *ga- (“together”) + *matjô, from *matiz (“food”).


giferto

giferto (nominative singular)
giferton (nominative plural)
gifertun (nominative plural)
giferton (accusative singular)
gifertun (accusative singular)
giferton (accusative plural)
gifertun (accusative plural)
giferten (genitive singular)
gifertin (genitive singular)
gifertōno (genitive plural)
giferten (dative singular)
gifertin (dative singular)
gifertōm (dative plural)
gifertōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: geverte

German: Gefährte

From Proto-West Germanic *gafardijō. By surface analysis, gi- + fart (“trip, travel”) + -o. Cognate with Old Dutch geferdi, Middle Low German gevērde.


gingibero

gingibero (nominative singular)
gingiberon (nominative plural)
gingiberun (nominative plural)
gingiberon (accusative singular)
gingiberun (accusative singular)
gingiberon (accusative plural)
gingiberun (accusative plural)
gingiberen (genitive singular)
gingiberin (genitive singular)
gingiberōno (genitive plural)
gingiberen (dative singular)
gingiberin (dative singular)
gingiberōm (dative plural)
gingiberōn (dative plural)
gingiber (alternative)
ingiber (alternative)

desc

Middle High German: ingeber, ingewer, ingwer, gingebere

desctree

German: Ingwer, Ingber, Imber (dialectal, obsolete)
→ Estonian: ingver
→ Latvian: ingvers
→ Luxembourgish: Ingwer
→ Polish: imbir, imbier (obsolete), imgbir, ingbier, jęgbir, engbier, imgbier, inbier (Middle Polish)
→ Belarusian: імбі́р (imbír)
→ Lithuanian: imbieras
→ Russian: имби́рь (imbírʹ)
→ Ukrainian: імби́р (imbýr)
→ Slovene: īngver, īmber
→ Lower Sorbian: ingwer
→ Upper Sorbian: himbjer, ingwer

Yiddish: אינגבער (ingber)


groz

Middle High German: grōȥ

Alemannic German: groß, gruuss

Swabian: groß

Bavarian: groas, grous

Cimbrian: groaz, gròas (Sette Comuni)

Mòcheno: groas

Central Franconian: jruß, gruß

Hunsrik: gros

Luxembourgish: grouss

German: groß

Rhine Franconian: gruß

Frankfurterisch: [kʀoːs]

Pennsylvania German: gross

Vilamovian: gros

Yiddish: גרויס (groys)

From Proto-West Germanic *graut, from Proto-Germanic *grautaz, whence also Old English grēat.
More at English great.


grozi

grōzī (canonical feminine)
grōzī (nominative singular)
grōzī (accusative singular)
grōzī (genitive singular)
grōzī (dative singular)

Middle High German: grœze; (grœzede)

German: Größe

(Luxembourgish: Gréisst)

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *grautī, equivalent to grōz + -ī.


fulli

fullī (canonical feminine)
fullī (nominative singular)
fullī (accusative singular)
fullī (genitive singular)
fullī (dative singular)
follī (alternative)
vollī (alternative)

Middle High German: vülle, völle

Alemannic German: Fülli, Völli

German: Fülle, Völle

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fullī, from Proto-Germanic *fullį̄. Consists of foll (“full”) + -ī.


gelo

Middle High German: gël (inflected gëlwe)

Alemannic German:

Alsatian: gahl, gäl

Central Franconian: gäl, jäl, jell

Cimbrian: gel, ghéel (Sette Comuni)

German: gelb; gehl (regional)

→ Hunsrik: gelleb

Luxembourgish: giel

Pennsylvania German: gehl

Vilamovian: gaoł

Yiddish: געל (gel), געלב (gelb)

From Proto-West Germanic *gelu, from Proto-Germanic *gelwaz, whence also Old English geolu.


guoti

guotī (canonical feminine)
guotī (nominative singular)
guotī (nominative plural)
guotī (accusative singular)
guotī (accusative plural)
guotī (genitive singular)
guotino (genitive plural)
guotī (dative singular)
guotinum (dative plural)
guatī (alternative)
guodī (alternative)
guoitī (alternative)
kuotī (alternative)
chuotī (alternative hypercorrect)

desc

Middle High German: giute, güete, güöte, guͤte, guͤti

Alemannic German: Gieti, Güeti

Central Franconian: Jöt, Jöde

Hunsrik: Gied

Cimbrian: güute

German: Güte

Rhine Franconian:

Hessian: Gied, Giede

Palatine German: Giet, Giete

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *gōdī, from Proto-Germanic *gōdį̄; equivalent to guot (“good”) + -ī.


hohi

hōhī (canonical feminine)
hōhī (nominative singular)
hōhī (nominative plural)
hōhī (accusative singular)
hōhī (accusative plural)
hōhī (genitive singular)
hōhino (genitive plural)
hōhī (dative singular)
hōhinum (dative plural)

Middle High German: hœhe, hōhe, hō

Alemannic German: Hechi, Höchi, Hööchi

Swabian: Hea, Hee

Bavarian:

Austrian: He

German: Höhe, Höh

Yiddish: הייך (heykh)

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hauhī, from Proto-Germanic *hauhį̄; equivalent to hōh (“high”) + -ī.


nahi

nāhī (canonical feminine)
nāhī (nominative singular)
nāhī (accusative singular)
nāhī (genitive singular)
nāhī (dative singular)

Middle High German: næhe

Alemannic German: Näächi

German: Nähe

Hunsrik: Neh


breiti

breitī (canonical feminine)
breitī (nominative singular)
breitī (accusative singular)
breitī (genitive singular)
breitī (dative singular)
*breitīn (alternative)

Middle High German: breite; breiten

German: Breite

Luxembourgish: Breet

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *braidī, from Proto-Germanic *braidį̄, equivalent to breit (“broad”) + -ī.


harti

hartī (canonical feminine)
hartī (nominative singular)
hartī (accusative singular)
hartī (genitive singular)
hartī (dative singular)
herte (alternative)
hertī (alternative)

Middle High German: herte

German: Härte

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hardī, from Proto-Germanic *hardį̄; equivalent to hart (“hard”) + -ī.


starchi

starchī (canonical feminine)
starchī (nominative singular)
starchī (nominative plural)
starchī (accusative singular)
starchī (accusative plural)
starchī (genitive singular)
starchino (genitive plural)
starchī (dative singular)
starchinum (dative plural)
sterkī (alternative)

Middle High German: sterke

German: Stärke

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *starkī; equivalent to stark (“strong”) + -ī.


lengi

lengī (canonical feminine)
lengī (nominative singular)
lengī (accusative singular)
lengī (genitive singular)
lengī (dative singular)

Middle High German: lenge

Alemannic German: Längi

Alsatian: Länga

Swabian: Läng

Bavarian: Läng, Leng

Central Franconian: Läng, Leng

Hunsrik: Leng

German: Länge

Rhine Franconian: Läng, Leng

Palatine German: Läng

Pennsylvania German: Leng

Vilamovian: łeń

Yiddish: לענג (leng)

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *langī, from Proto-Germanic *langį̄; equivalent to lang (“long”) + -ī.


kurzi

kurzī (canonical feminine)
kurzī (nominative singular)
kurzī (nominative plural)
kurzī (accusative singular)
kurzī (accusative plural)
kurzī (genitive singular)
kurzino (genitive plural)
kurzī (dative singular)
kurzinum (dative plural)
churcī (alternative)
churzī (alternative)
chruzzī (alternative)
curcī (alternative)
kurtī (alternative)
kuͥrzī (alternative)

Middle High German: kürze

German: Kürze


scepho

scepho (nominative singular)
scephon (nominative plural)
scephun (nominative plural)
scephon (accusative singular)
scephun (accusative singular)
scephon (accusative plural)
scephun (accusative plural)
scephen (genitive singular)
scephin (genitive singular)
scephōno (genitive plural)
scephen (dative singular)
scephin (dative singular)
scephōm (dative plural)
scephōn (dative plural)


zago

zago (nominative singular)
zagon (nominative plural)
zagun (nominative plural)
zagon (accusative singular)
zagun (accusative singular)
zagon (accusative plural)
zagun (accusative plural)
zagen (genitive singular)
zagin (genitive singular)
zagōno (genitive plural)
zagen (dative singular)
zagin (dative singular)
zagōm (dative plural)
zagōn (dative plural)


zagal

German: Zagel

From Proto-Germanic *taglą, whence also Old English tæġl, Old Norse tagl.


hufo

hūfo (canonical masculine)
hūfo (nominative singular)
hūfon (nominative plural)
hūfun (nominative plural)
hūfon (accusative singular)
hūfun (accusative singular)
hūfon (accusative plural)
hūfun (accusative plural)
hūfen (genitive singular)
hūfin (genitive singular)
hūfōno (genitive plural)
hūfen (dative singular)
hūfin (dative singular)
hūfōm (dative plural)
hūfōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: hūfe

Alemannic German: Hufe

Cimbrian: hauf, haufen

German: Haufe

From Proto-Germanic *hūpô. Related to houf.


hugu

From Proto-Germanic *hugiz, *huguz, whence also Old English hyġe, Old Norse hugr.


zungal

zungal (nominative singular)
zungal (nominative plural)
zungal (accusative singular)
zungal (accusative plural)
zungales (genitive singular)
zungalo (genitive plural)
zungale (dative singular)
zungalum (dative plural)
zungalu (instrumental singular)

From Proto-Germanic *tunglą, whence Old English tungol, Old Norse tungl, Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌲𐌲𐌻 (tuggl) (gloss on Galatians 4:3).
The further etymology is unknown; Pokorny reconstructs a PIE root *dengh- "to shine" just from this Germanic word and a Baltic word for "to seem, to appear" (Lithuanian diñga).
Grimm in his Teutonic Mythology opined that "no doubt", the word was a derivation from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ "lingua", offering the explanation that "the moon and some of the planets, when partially illuminated, do present the appearance of a tongue or sickle" but admits that he knows of no parallel to this in other language and adds the footnote "or was the twinkling of the stars likened to a tingling [züngeln]"http://books.google.com/books?id=Of-9kLGvLUUC&pg=PA700&lpg=PA700&dq=tungl+tuggl&source=bl&ots=PDhPLU4533&sig=2Kesq0J-SA3lA5ZtDNGsv4YPL3g&hl=en&ei=l6prTeXdC9O74gbK5rXfCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CDsQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=tungl%20tuggl&f=false.
The meaning "moon", which is already found in Old Icelandic prose, is secondary, as evidenced by the surviving Icelandic compound himintungl (= Old English heofontungol, Old High German himilzungal, Old Saxon himiltungal) for "star".


harmo

harmo (nominative singular)
harmon (nominative plural)
harmun (nominative plural)
harmon (accusative singular)
harmun (accusative singular)
harmon (accusative plural)
harmun (accusative plural)
harmen (genitive singular)
harmin (genitive singular)
harmōno (genitive plural)
harmen (dative singular)
harmin (dative singular)
harmōm (dative plural)
harmōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: harme

German: Harm

⇒ Old High German: harmilo

⇒ Old High German: harmilīn

Middle High German: hermelīn

German: Hermelin

→ Danish: hermelin

→ Swedish: hermelin

→ Norwegian Bokmål: hermelin

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: hermelin


ila

īla (canonical feminine)
īla (nominative singular)
īlā (nominative plural)
īla (accusative singular)
īlā (accusative plural)
īla (genitive singular)
īlōno (genitive plural)
īlu (dative singular)
īlōm (dative plural)

Middle High German: īle

German: Eile

From Proto-West Germanic *īlu, from Proto-Germanic *īlō (“rush, haste”).


jugund

German: Jugend

Yiddish: יוגנט (yugnt)

From Proto-Germanic *jugunþiz, from earlier Proto-Germanic *juwuniþō, whence also Old English ġeoġuþ.


chalo

Middle High German: kal

German: kahl

From Proto-Germanic *kalwaz (“naked, bald”), from Proto-Indo-European *gelH- (“naked, bald”).
Cognate with Old Saxon kalo (“bald”), Middle Low German kāl, kāle (“bald”), Middle Dutch cāle, cālū (“bald”), Old English calu (“bald”), Old Frisian kale (“baldness”), Latin calvus (“bald”), Old Church Slavonic голъ (golŭ, “nude”), Russian го́лый (gólyj), Sanskrit कुल्व (kulva, “bald”), Persian کل (kal), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (kaᵘruua, “bald”).


luppi

Middle High German: luppe, lüppe

German: Luppe, Lüppe

From Proto-West Germanic *lubi, from Proto-Germanic *lubją. Akin to Old English lybb, Old Norse lyf.

lupi (alternative)
lubbi (alternative)
*lub (alternative)


nuohturn

desc

Middle High German: nüehtern, nüchtern, nüchtarn, nüchter

German: nüchtern

Hunsrik: nichter

By influence from uohta (“dawn”), as can be seen in the derived term uohternīn, nuohtarnīn, nuohturnīn, nuehternīn (“abstinent”) from Latin nocturnus, the meaning “nightly” of which is preserved in nohturn.

not having eaten yet, fasting, abstinent


niz

German: Nisse

From Proto-West Germanic *hnitu, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱ(o)nid-.


noz

From Proto-West Germanic *naut, see also Old English nēat, Old Norse naut.


nezzila

Middle High German: nezzel

Cimbrian: éssala (reanalyzed)

German: Nessel

→ Yiddish: ברעננעסל (brennesl)

q

Yiddish: ניסול (nisul) (Middle Yiddish, attested in Shemot Devarim)


nezzi

Middle High German: netze

German: Netz

Luxembourgish: Netz

Yiddish: נעץ (nets)

From Proto-West Germanic *nati. Akin to Old Saxon netti, nett, Old English net, nett, Old Norse net, Gothic 𐌽𐌰𐍄𐌹 (nati).


nebul

Middle High German: nebel

German: Nebel

Hunsrik: Newel

Luxembourgish: Niwwel

Vilamovian: naowuł

Yiddish: נעפּל (nepl)

From Proto-Germanic *nebulaz, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos.


naz

German: nass

Yiddish: נאַס (nas)

From Proto-West Germanic *nat, from Proto-Germanic *nataz (“wet”), from Proto-Indo-European *ned- (“to be wet”).
Cognate with Dutch nat (“wet”), Ancient Greek νοτέω (notéō, “to be wet”), νότος (nótos, “the south wind”).


adal

German: edel, adlig, adelig

Yiddish: איידל (eydl), אַדל (adl)

From Proto-West Germanic *aþal. Cognate with Old English æþele.

edil (alternative)
athal (alternative)
adhal (alternative)


adal

Middle High German: adel

German: Adel
→ Estonian: aadel

Yiddish: אַדל (adl)

From Proto-West Germanic *aþal. Cognate with Old Norse aðal (“nature, inborn disposition”).


pfaffo

pfaffo (nominative singular)
pfaffon (nominative plural)
pfaffun (nominative plural)
pfaffon (accusative singular)
pfaffun (accusative singular)
pfaffon (accusative plural)
pfaffun (accusative plural)
pfaffen (genitive singular)
pfaffin (genitive singular)
pfaffōno (genitive plural)
pfaffen (dative singular)
pfaffin (dative singular)
pfaffōm (dative plural)
pfaffōn (dative plural)
phaffo (alternative)
phapho (alternative)

Middle High German: pfaffe

German: Pfaffe

An early borrowing from Gothic 𐍀𐌰𐍀𐌰 (papa) demonstrating the effects of the High German consonant shift, from Ancient Greek πάπας (pápas).


pfuzzi

desc

Middle High German: pfütze, putze, pütze, butze, bütze

German: Pfütze, Pütz

Luxembourgish: Pëtz

From Proto-West Germanic *puti (“a well”).

pfuzi (alternative)
phuzzi (alternative)
putzi (alternative)
fuzze (alternative)
pucza (alternative)
puzza (alternative)
buzza (alternative)
pfuze (alternative)
pfuzze (alternative)
phuzze (alternative)
putze (alternative)
puze (alternative)
puzze (alternative)


querdar

Middle High German: querder

German: Köder

From Proto-West Germanic *kwerþr (“bait”).


quala

German: Qual


kuoli

Middle High German: küele, küel, kůl, kule

Alemannic German: chüel

Alsatian: kiahl

Swabian: kiahl

Bavarian:

Hianzisch: kiahl

Central Franconian: köhl, kehl, kiehl

Hunsrik: kiel

Luxembourgish: kill

German: kühl

Rhine Franconian:

Hessian: kihl, koil

Palatine German: kihl

Pennsylvania German: kiehl

Vilamovian: kīł

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *kōl(ī), from Proto-Germanic *kōluz, whence also Old English cōl.

inh+

chuali (alternative)
chuoli (alternative)
kuali (alternative)


kuoli

kuolī (canonical feminine)
kuolī (nominative singular)
kuolī (accusative singular)
kuolī (genitive singular)
kuolī (dative singular)
choͧle (alternative)
chuele (alternative)
chuile (alternative)
chuilī (alternative)
chulī (alternative)
chuͦle (alternative)
chuolī (alternative)
cuole (alternative)

Middle High German: chůle, küele, kůli

Alemannic German: Chüeli

Cimbrian: khüule

German: Kühle

Pennsylvania German: Kiehle

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *kōlī; equivalent to kuoli (“cool”) + -ī.


kalti

kaltī (canonical feminine)
kaltī (nominative singular)
kaltī (accusative singular)
kaltī (genitive singular)
kaltī (dative singular)
chaldī (alternative)
chalte (alternative)
chaltī (alternative)
chaltīn (alternative)
keltīn (alternative)

Middle High German: kelte

Alemannic German: Chälti, Chelti

Central Franconian: Käll

Cimbrian: khélte

German: Kälte

Luxembourgish: Keelt

Vilamovian: kełt

From Proto-West Germanic *kaldī, equivalent to kalt (“cold”) + -ī.


raban

hraban (nominative singular)
hrabanā (nominative plural)
hrabana (nominative plural)
hraban (accusative singular)
hrabanā (accusative plural)
hrabana (accusative plural)
hrabanes (genitive singular)
hrabano (genitive plural)
hrabane (dative singular)
hrabanum (dative plural)
hrabanu (instrumental singular)
hraban (alternative)
hram (alternative)
ram (alternative)
rabo (alternative)
rappo (alternative)

Middle High German: raben, ram; rabe, rab, rappe, rapp; rauen (plural; Niederrheinisch)

Alemannic German: Rapp

Central Franconian:

Hunsrik: Raab, Raaf

Luxembourgish: Ramm

German: Rabe

Rhine Franconian: Rab, Ramm, Rapp

Frankfurterisch: [ʀɑːp]

Yiddish: ראָב (rob)

Aphetic form of hraban, from Proto-West Germanic *hrabn, from Proto-Germanic *hrabnaz, whence also Old Saxon hravan, hraƀan, Old English hræfn, Old Dutch ravo, Old Norse hrafn. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-. Aphesis of initial [h] before [l], [r] and [w] in High German was complete by the 9th C., but began earlier.


siuhhi

siuhhī (canonical feminine)
siuhhī (nominative singular)
siuhhī (nominative plural)
siuhhī (accusative singular)
siuhhī (accusative plural)
siuhhī (genitive singular)
siuhhino (genitive plural)
siuhhī (dative singular)
siuhhinum (dative plural)

Middle High German: siuche

Alemannic German: Siechi

German: Seuche

→ Luxembourgish: Seuch

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *siukī, from Proto-Germanic *siukį̄; equivalent to sioh (“sick”) + -ī.


sunnuntag

desc

Middle High German: sunnentac, sunntac, sunnetac, suntac

Alemannic German:

Swabian: Sunntig, Sonndich

Walser: ŝchunnutog, sònntag, sunntag, sunnatag, ŝchuntàg

Bavarian: Sunnda, sunntach, suntach, sunti

Carinthian: Sunntog

Cimbrian: sunta, suntak, zùntag

Mòcheno: sunta

Styrian: Sunntog

Central Franconian:

Kölsch: Sonndach

East Franconian: Sunndooch

Main-Franconian: Sundich

German: Sonntag

Luxembourgish: Sonndeg

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: Sunndaag

Vilamovian: zuntaog

Yiddish: זונטיק (zuntik), זונטאָג (zuntog)

From Proto-West Germanic *sunnōn dag, a calque of Latin diēs Sōlis.


reccho

reccho (nominative singular)
recchon (nominative plural)
recchun (nominative plural)
recchon (accusative singular)
recchun (accusative singular)
recchon (accusative plural)
recchun (accusative plural)
recchen (genitive singular)
recchin (genitive singular)
recchōno (genitive plural)
recchen (dative singular)
recchin (dative singular)
recchōm (dative plural)
recchōn (dative plural)
*wreccheo (alternative)
wreccho (alternative)
hrechjo (alternative)
wrecko (alternative)
recko (alternative)

Middle High German: reche, recke

→ Middle Low German: recke

German: Recke

From Proto-West Germanic *wrakkjō, whence also Old English wreċċa.


regan

regan (nominative singular)
reganā (nominative plural)
regana (nominative plural)
regan (accusative singular)
reganā (accusative plural)
regana (accusative plural)
reganes (genitive singular)
regano (genitive plural)
regane (dative singular)
reganum (dative plural)
reganu (instrumental singular)
regin (alternative)

Middle High German: rëgen

Alemannic German:

Alsatian: Raga

Italian Walser: regu, räge, rägä

Swabian: Räaga

Bavarian: Regn

Cimbrian: réego, regan, reng

Mòcheno: reng

Udinese: regn, rein

Central Franconian: Rään

Hunsrik: Rehn

Luxembourgish: Reen

East Central German:

Erzgebirgisch: reeng [ˈɣeːŋ]

Vilamovian: raan

German: Regen

Rhine Franconian: Raje, Raane, Räje, Rääche, Rään, Rääne, Rääsche, Reche, Ree, Reen, Reesche, Reje, Resche, Riin

Frankfurterisch: Rääsche [ʀɛːʒ̥ə]

Pennsylvania German: Regge

Yiddish: רעגן (regn)

From Proto-West Germanic *regn, from Proto-Germanic *regną.


reginbogo

reginbogo (nominative singular)
reginbogon (nominative plural)
reginbogun (nominative plural)
reginbogon (accusative singular)
reginbogun (accusative singular)
reginbogon (accusative plural)
reginbogun (accusative plural)
reginbogen (genitive singular)
reginbogin (genitive singular)
reginbogōno (genitive plural)
reginbogen (dative singular)
reginbogin (dative singular)
reginbogōm (dative plural)
reginbogōn (dative plural)
reganbogo (alternative)

Middle High German: regenboge, rëgenboge

German: Regenbogen

Hunsrik: Rehnbohe

Luxembourgish: Reebou

Vilamovian: ranaböga, rȧnaböga, rȧnböga, raenaböga, rǡnabȫga

Yiddish: רעגנבויגן (regnboygn)

From Proto-West Germanic *regnabogō. By surface analysis, regin (“rain”) + bogo (“bow”).


rito

From Proto-Germanic *hriþiz. Akin to Old Saxon hrido, Old English hriþ.


rono

rono (nominative singular)
ronon (nominative plural)
ronun (nominative plural)
ronon (accusative singular)
ronun (accusative singular)
ronon (accusative plural)
ronun (accusative plural)
ronen (genitive singular)
ronin (genitive singular)
ronōno (genitive plural)
ronen (dative singular)
ronin (dative singular)
ronōm (dative plural)
ronōn (dative plural)


rucki

rucki (nominative singular)
rucke (nominative plural)
ruckā (nominative plural)
rucka (nominative plural)
rucki (accusative singular)
rucke (accusative plural)
ruckā (accusative plural)
rucka (accusative plural)
ruckes (genitive singular)
rucko (genitive plural)
rucke (dative singular)
ruckim (dative plural)
rucku (instrumental singular)
ruggi (alternative)
hruggi (alternative)

Middle High German: rücke

From Proto-West Germanic *hrugi. Cognate with Old English hryċġ (English ridge), Old Norse hryggr.


kinni

Middle High German: kinne, kin

Alemannic German: Chimmi

German: Kinn

Luxembourgish: Kënn

Yiddish: קין (kin)


klocca

Middle High German: glocke, glogge

Alemannic German: Glogg

German: Glocke

Luxembourgish: Klack

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: Glock

Vilamovian: głok

Yiddish: גלאָק (glok)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin clocca, probably of Celtic origin, from Proto-Celtic *klokkos (“bell”) (compare Welsh cloch, Irish clog), from Proto-Indo-European *klēg-, *klōg- (onomatopoeia).
Akin to Old Norse klokka.


sahs

From Proto-Germanic *sahsą, whence also Old English seax, Old Norse sax.


scato

desc

Middle High German: schate, schatewe, schete, schade, schede

German: Schatten

Luxembourgish: Schiet

From Proto-West Germanic *skadu, whence also Old English sceadu.


sculd

sculd (nominative singular)
sculdi (nominative plural)
sculd (accusative singular)
sculdi (accusative plural)
sculdi (genitive singular)
sculdo (genitive plural)
sculdi (dative singular)
sculdim (dative plural)
sculden (dative plural)

Middle High German: schult, schulde

German: Schuld

→ Esperanto: ŝuldo

Luxembourgish: Schold

Yiddish: שולד (shuld)


sculdheizo

sculdheizo (nominative singular)
sculdheizon (nominative plural)
sculdheizun (nominative plural)
sculdheizon (accusative singular)
sculdheizun (accusative singular)
sculdheizon (accusative plural)
sculdheizun (accusative plural)
sculdheizen (genitive singular)
sculdheizin (genitive singular)
sculdheizōno (genitive plural)
sculdheizen (dative singular)
sculdheizin (dative singular)
sculdheizōm (dative plural)
sculdheizōn (dative plural)
scultheizzo (alternative)
schultheizo (alternative)
sculthaizeo (alternative)
scultheizo (alternative)

Middle High German: schultheiz(e), schultez(e), (since 14th c., attested as scolze, schultz etc.) *schulz(e)

German: Schulze, Schultheiß

→ Hungarian: soltész

→ Kashubian: szôłtës

→ Polish: sołtys

→ Romanian: șoltuz

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *skuldihaitijō. By surface analysis, sculd + heizzan + -o.


heiz

Middle High German: heiz

Bavarian: hoaß

Central Franconian: heeß, hääß, heiß

East Central German: heeß

German: heiß, heiss

Hunsrik: heis

Yiddish: הייס (heys)

From Proto-West Germanic *hait, see also Old Saxon hēt, Old English hāt, Old Norse heitr.


segan

segan (nominative singular)
seganā (nominative plural)
segana (nominative plural)
segan (accusative singular)
seganā (accusative plural)
segana (accusative plural)
seganes (genitive singular)
segano (genitive plural)
segane (dative singular)
seganum (dative plural)
seganu (instrumental singular)

Middle High German: segen

Bavarian: Segn

German: Segen

Luxembourgish: Segen


situ

German: Sitte

Cognate with Old Norse siðr (whence Faroese siður, Danish sæd) and Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍃 (sidus), from Proto-West Germanic *sidu.


stero

stero (nominative singular)
steron (nominative plural)
sterun (nominative plural)
steron (accusative singular)
sterun (accusative singular)
steron (accusative plural)
sterun (accusative plural)
steren (genitive singular)
sterin (genitive singular)
sterōno (genitive plural)
steren (dative singular)
sterin (dative singular)
sterōm (dative plural)
sterōn (dative plural)


sterbo

sterbo (nominative singular)
sterbon (nominative plural)
sterbun (nominative plural)
sterbon (accusative singular)
sterbun (accusative singular)
sterbon (accusative plural)
sterbun (accusative plural)
sterben (genitive singular)
sterbin (genitive singular)
sterbōno (genitive plural)
sterben (dative singular)
sterbin (dative singular)
sterbōm (dative plural)
sterbōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: sterbe

From Proto-West Germanic *sterbō, from Proto-Germanic *sterbô.


sunno

sunno (nominative singular)
sunnon (nominative plural)
sunnun (nominative plural)
sunnon (accusative singular)
sunnun (accusative singular)
sunnon (accusative plural)
sunnun (accusative plural)
sunnen (genitive singular)
sunnin (genitive singular)
sunnōno (genitive plural)
sunnen (dative singular)
sunnin (dative singular)
sunnōm (dative plural)
sunnōn (dative plural)

desctree

Middle High German: sunne f or m
Alemannic German: Sunnä
Italian Walser: sunna, sunnu, sònnò, ŝchunna, ŝchunnà
Bavarian: Son
Cimbrian: sunn, sonde, zunna
Mòcheno: sunn
Udinese: suna, sune, sunne
Viennese: Sun
Central Franconian: Sonn, Sunn (rarer variant)
Hunsrik: Sunn, Sonn
Luxembourgish: Sonn
German: Sonne
Rhine Franconian:
Palatine German: Sunn
Pennsylvania German: Sunn
Vilamovian: zunn, zun
Yiddish: זון (zun)

From Proto-West Germanic *sunnō. Masculine form of sunna.


psalmo

German: Psalm

Borrowed from Latin psalmus, from Ancient Greek ψαλμός (psalmós).


sant

Middle High German: sant; sampt, sambt

German: Sand

Luxembourgish: Sand

Vilamovian: zaond

Yiddish: זאַמד (zamd)

From Proto-West Germanic *samd, from Proto-Germanic *samdaz, whence also Old Saxon sand, Old Dutch sant, Old English sand, Old Norse sandr. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sámh₂dʰos.


saro

saro (nominative singular)
saro (nominative plural)
saro (accusative singular)
saro (accusative plural)
sarwes (genitive singular)
sarwo (genitive plural)
sarwe (dative singular)
sarwum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *sarwą, from Proto-Indo-European *serw- (“to guard”) or *ser- (“to bind together”). Cognate with Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐍂𐍅𐌰 (sarwa, “weapons, armour”), Old English searu (“gear, armour”), Old Norse sǫrvi (“sword”).


scara

German: Schar

From Proto-West Germanic *skaru, from Proto-Germanic *skarō, whence also Old English sċearu.


scaro

German: Schar

From Proto-Germanic *skar-, *skaraz (“ploughshare”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”), whence also Old English scear (modern English share (“plough-share”)).


scimo

scīmo (canonical masculine)
scīmo (nominative singular)
scīmon (nominative plural)
scīmun (nominative plural)
scīmon (accusative singular)
scīmun (accusative singular)
scīmon (accusative plural)
scīmun (accusative plural)
scīmen (genitive singular)
scīmin (genitive singular)
scīmōno (genitive plural)
scīmen (dative singular)
scīmin (dative singular)
scīmōm (dative plural)
scīmōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: schīme; (schëme)


scinco

Middle High German: schinke

German: Schinken (see there for further descendants)

Luxembourgish: Schank

Pennsylvania German: Schinke

→ Italian: stinco


scozo

scōzo (canonical masculine)
scōz (alternative)
*scōza (alternative)
scozza (alternative)

Middle High German: schoz, schōze

German: Schoß

Luxembourgish: Schouss

Yiddish: שויס (shoys)


sihhila

Middle High German: sichel

German: Sichel
→ Dutch: zichel

Luxembourgish: Séchel

Vilamovian: sychuł


sichur

Middle High German: sicher

Cimbrian: sichar

German: sicher
→ Kashubian: zycher
→ Saterland Frisian: sicher, zicher
→ Silesian: zicher

Hunsrik: sicher

Luxembourgish: sécher

Yiddish: זיכער (zikher)

alternative spelling of sihhur (“secure”)