brestan

brestan (infinitive)
bristu (first-person present singular)
bristo (first-person present singular)
brast (first-person past singular)
bristis (present second-person singular)
bristist (present second-person singular)
brusti (past second-person singular)
bristit (present singular third-person)
brast (past singular third-person)
brestem (first-person plural present)
brestemēs (first-person plural present)
brustum (first-person past plural)
brustumēs (first-person past plural)
brestet (plural present second-person)
brustut (past plural second-person)
brestant (plural present third-person)
brustun (past plural third-person)
breste (first-person present singular)
brusti (first-person past singular)
brestēs (present second-person singular)
brestēst (present second-person singular)
brustīs (past second-person singular)
brustīst (past second-person singular)
breste (present singular third-person)
brusti (past singular third-person)
brestēm (first-person plural present)
brustīm (first-person past plural)
brustīmēs (first-person past plural)
brestēt (plural present second-person)
brustīt (past plural second-person)
brestēn (plural present third-person)
brustīn (past plural third-person)
brist (present singular)
brestet (plural present)
brestanti (present)
gibrostan (past)

Middle High German: brësten, bresten

German: bresten, bersten

From Proto-West Germanic *brestan, from Proto-Germanic *brestaną.


drucchen

drucchen (infinitive)
drucchu (first-person present singular)
druhta (first-person past singular)
drucchis (present second-person singular)
drucchist (present second-person singular)
druhtōs (past second-person singular)
drucchtōst (past second-person singular)
drucchit (present singular third-person)
druhta (past singular third-person)
drucchem (first-person plural present)
drucchemēs (first-person plural present)
druhtum (first-person past plural)
druhtumēs (first-person past plural)
drucchet (plural present second-person)
druhtut (past plural second-person)
drucchent (plural present third-person)
druhtun (past plural third-person)
drucche (first-person present singular)
druhti (first-person past singular)
drucchēs (present second-person singular)
drucchēst (present second-person singular)
druhtīs (past second-person singular)
druhtīst (past second-person singular)
drucche (present singular third-person)
druhti (past singular third-person)
drucchēm (first-person plural present)
drucchēn (first-person plural present)
druhtīm (first-person past plural)
druhtīn (first-person past plural)
druhtīmēs (first-person past plural)
drucchēt (plural present second-person)
druhtīt (past plural second-person)
drucchēn (plural present third-person)
druhtīn (past plural third-person)
drucchi (present singular)
drucchet (plural present)
drucchenti (present)
gidruht (past)

Middle High German: drücken, drucken

Bavarian: druckn

Cimbrian: drukhan

desc

German: drücken (“press”), drucken (“print”)

→ Ladin: druché

→ Low German: drucken

desctree

→ Polish: drukować
→ Belarusian: друкава́ць (drukavácʹ)
→ Ukrainian: друкува́ти (drukuváty)

→ Yiddish: דרוקן (drukn)

Luxembourgish: drécken

Yiddish: דריקן (drikn)

From Proto-Germanic *þrukkijaną (“to press”).


briuwan

briuwan (infinitive)
briuwu (first-person present singular)
briuwo (first-person present singular)
brouw (first-person past singular)
briuwis (present second-person singular)
briuwist (present second-person singular)
bruwi (past second-person singular)
briuwit (present singular third-person)
brouw (past singular third-person)
briuwem (first-person plural present)
briuwemēs (first-person plural present)
bruwum (first-person past plural)
bruwumēs (first-person past plural)
briuwet (plural present second-person)
bruwut (past plural second-person)
briuwant (plural present third-person)
bruwun (past plural third-person)
briuwe (first-person present singular)
bruwi (first-person past singular)
briuwēs (present second-person singular)
briuwēst (present second-person singular)
bruwīs (past second-person singular)
bruwīst (past second-person singular)
briuwe (present singular third-person)
bruwi (past singular third-person)
briuwēm (first-person plural present)
bruwīm (first-person past plural)
bruwīmēs (first-person past plural)
briuwēt (plural present second-person)
bruwīt (past plural second-person)
briuwēn (plural present third-person)
bruwīn (past plural third-person)
briuw (present singular)
briuwet (plural present)
briuwanti (present)
gibruwan (past)

Middle High German: briuwen, brūwen

German: brauen

From Proto-West Germanic *breuwan, whence also Old English brēowan, Old Norse brugga.


dri

Middle High German: drī
Alemannic German: drüü, drü
Bavarian: drei
Cimbrian: drai
Mòcheno: drai
Central Franconian: drei
Hunsrik: drei
Luxembourgish: dräi
East Central German:
Upper Saxon German: dreie
German: drei
Rhine Franconian:
Pennsylvania German: drei
Vilamovian: draj
Yiddish: דרײַ (dray)

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *þrīʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Cognate with Old Saxon thrīe, Old English þrī, Old Norse þrír.


bosi

Middle High German: bōse

Alemannic German: bös

Swabian: béés, béas

Bavarian: bees

Cimbrian: pöoze

German: böse

Luxembourgish: béis

Yiddish: בייז (beyz)


dringan

dringan (infinitive)
dringu (first-person present singular)
dringo (first-person present singular)
drang (first-person past singular)
dringis (present second-person singular)
dringist (present second-person singular)
drungi (past second-person singular)
dringit (present singular third-person)
drang (past singular third-person)
dringem (first-person plural present)
dringemēs (first-person plural present)
drungum (first-person past plural)
drungumēs (first-person past plural)
dringet (plural present second-person)
drungut (past plural second-person)
dringant (plural present third-person)
drungun (past plural third-person)
dringe (first-person present singular)
drungi (first-person past singular)
dringēs (present second-person singular)
dringēst (present second-person singular)
drungīs (past second-person singular)
drungīst (past second-person singular)
dringe (present singular third-person)
drungi (past singular third-person)
dringēm (first-person plural present)
drungīm (first-person past plural)
drungīmēs (first-person past plural)
dringēt (plural present second-person)
drungīt (past plural second-person)
dringēn (plural present third-person)
drungīn (past plural third-person)
dring (present singular)
dringet (plural present)
dringanti (present)
gidrongan (past)

Middle High German: dringen

German: dringen

From Proto-West Germanic *þringwan, from Proto-Germanic *þrinhwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *trenkʷ- (“to beat, hew, press”).
Cognate with Old Saxon thringan (Low German dringen), Dutch dringen, Old English þringan (English thring), Old Norse þryngva, Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌽 (þreihan).


naz

German: nass

Yiddish: נאַס (nas)

From Proto-West Germanic *nat, from Proto-Germanic *nataz (“wet”), from Proto-Indo-European *ned- (“to be wet”).
Cognate with Dutch nat (“wet”), Ancient Greek νοτέω (notéō, “to be wet”), νότος (nótos, “the south wind”).


wola

Middle High German: wol, wole

Cimbrian: bóol, boll

German: wohl

Luxembourgish: wuel

Yiddish: ווויל (voyl)

With we- > wo- (as in wohha, wollen etc.), from Proto-Germanic *wela. Cognate with Old Saxon wela Old English wel, Old Norse vel (Icelandic vel).


ferrana

From the adjective ferro, from Proto-Germanic *ferrai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to go over”).


bintan

bintan (infinitive)
bintu (first-person present singular)
binto (first-person present singular)
bant (first-person past singular)
bintis (present second-person singular)
bintist (present second-person singular)
bunti (past second-person singular)
bintit (present singular third-person)
bant (past singular third-person)
bintem (first-person plural present)
bintemēs (first-person plural present)
buntum (first-person past plural)
buntumēs (first-person past plural)
bintet (plural present second-person)
buntut (past plural second-person)
bintant (plural present third-person)
buntun (past plural third-person)
binte (first-person present singular)
bunti (first-person past singular)
bintēs (present second-person singular)
bintēst (present second-person singular)
buntīs (past second-person singular)
buntīst (past second-person singular)
binte (present singular third-person)
bunti (past singular third-person)
bintēm (first-person plural present)
buntīm (first-person past plural)
buntīmēs (first-person past plural)
bintēt (plural present second-person)
buntīt (past plural second-person)
bintēn (plural present third-person)
buntīn (past plural third-person)
bint (present singular)
bintet (plural present)
bintanti (present)
gibuntan (past)

desctree

Middle High German: binden
Bavarian: bindn
German: binden
Luxembourgish: bannen

From Proto-West Germanic *bindan. Compare Old Saxon, Old Dutch, Old English bindan, Old Norse binda.


fartig

From the noun fart (“journey”). Cognate with Old English fierd (“expedition, campaign”).


dankon

dankōn (canonical)
dankōn (infinitive)
dankōm (first-person present singular)
dankōn (first-person present singular)
dankōta (first-person past singular)
dankōs (present second-person singular)
dankōst (present second-person singular)
dankōtōs (past second-person singular)
dankōtōst (past second-person singular)
dankōt (present singular third-person)
dankōta (past singular third-person)
dankōm (first-person plural present)
dankōmēs (first-person plural present)
dankōtum (first-person past plural)
dankōtumēs (first-person past plural)
dankōt (plural present second-person)
dankōtut (past plural second-person)
dankōnt (plural present third-person)
dankōtun (past plural third-person)
danko (first-person present singular)
dankōti (first-person past singular)
dankōtīs (past second-person singular)
danko (present singular third-person)
dankōti (past singular third-person)
dankōtīm (first-person past plural)
dankōtīmēs (first-person past plural)
dankōtīt (past plural second-person)
dankōn (plural present third-person)
dankōtīn (past plural third-person)
danko (present singular)
dankōt (plural present)
dankōnti (present)
gidankōt (past)

Middle High German: danken

Cimbrian: dånkan

German: danken

Luxembourgish: danken

Yiddish: דאַנקען (danken)

→⇒ Czech: děkovat

desctree

→⇒ Polish: dziękować, dziekować (Middle Polish)
→ Kashubian: dzãkòwac

→⇒ Russian: дя́ковать (djákovatʹ)

→⇒ Slovak: ďakovať

→⇒ Ukrainian: дя́кувати (djákuvaty)

→⇒ Lithuanian: dėkoti

→⇒ Belarusian: дзя́каваць (dzjákavacʹ)

From Proto-Germanic *þankōną, akin to Old English þancian, Old Norse þakka.


finstar

Middle High German: vinster
German: finster
Yiddish: פֿינצטער (fintster)

Maybe dissimilated from the adjective dinstar.


ezzan

ezzan (infinitive)
izzu (first-person present singular)
izzo (first-person present singular)
āz (first-person past singular)
izzis (present second-person singular)
izzist (present second-person singular)
āzi (past second-person singular)
izzit (present singular third-person)
āz (past singular third-person)
ezzem (first-person plural present)
ezzemēs (first-person plural present)
āzum (first-person past plural)
āzumēs (first-person past plural)
ezzet (plural present second-person)
āzut (past plural second-person)
ezzant (plural present third-person)
āzun (past plural third-person)
ezze (first-person present singular)
āzi (first-person past singular)
ezzēs (present second-person singular)
ezzēst (present second-person singular)
āzīs (past second-person singular)
āzīst (past second-person singular)
ezze (present singular third-person)
āzi (past singular third-person)
ezzēm (first-person plural present)
āzīm (first-person past plural)
āzīmēs (first-person past plural)
ezzēt (plural present second-person)
āzīt (past plural second-person)
ezzēn (plural present third-person)
āzīn (past plural third-person)
iz (present singular)
ezzet (plural present)
ezzanti (present)
gezzan (past)

Middle High German: ëzzen, eszen

Alemannic German: ässe

Walser: essen, ässä, asse, assu

Bavarian: eisn, essn, èssn

Cimbrian: èzzan, èssan, ezzan

Mòcheno: èssn

desc

Central Franconian: äße, esse (Kölsch, northernmost Ripuarian), eaße (parts of Moselle Franconian)

Hunsrik: esse

German: essen

Luxembourgish: iessen

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: esse

Vilamovian: aosa

Yiddish: עסן (esn)

From Proto-West Germanic *etan, akin to Old Saxon, Old Dutch, and Old English etan, Old Norse eta, Gothic 𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (itan).


feigi

Middle High German: veige

Alemannic German: fiig

German: feige, feig (colloquial or poetic)

From Proto-Germanic *faigijaz (“doomed to die imminently; fey”), whence also Old English fæġe, Old Norse feigr (Icelandic feigur).


waga

Middle High German: wāge

German: Waage

Luxembourgish: Wo

Yiddish: וואָג (vog)

→ Czech: váhy, váha

desctree

→ Old Polish: waga
Polish: waga
→ Kashubian: wôga
→ Russian: ва́га (vága)
→ Slovincian: wogha
→ Ukrainian: ва́га (váha)
→ Belarusian: ва́гі (váhi)
Silesian: wŏga

→ Serbo-Croatian: vaga

→ Macedonian: ва́га (vága)

→ Slovak: váhy, váha

→ Slovene: vaga


finstari

finstarī (canonical feminine)
finstarī (nominative singular)
finstarī (nominative plural)
finstarī (accusative singular)
finstarī (accusative plural)
finstarī (genitive singular)
finstarino (genitive plural)
finstarī (dative singular)
finstarinum (dative plural)

Middle High German: vinstere, vinster

Alemannic German: Finsteri, Fistri

Bavarian:

Carnithian: Finstre

German: Finster, Finstere (obsolete)


faltan

faltan (infinitive)
faltu (first-person present singular)
falto (first-person present singular)
fialt (first-person past singular)
faltis (present second-person singular)
faltist (present second-person singular)
fialti (past second-person singular)
faltit (present singular third-person)
fialt (past singular third-person)
faltem (first-person plural present)
faltemēs (first-person plural present)
fialtum (first-person past plural)
fialtumēs (first-person past plural)
faltet (plural present second-person)
fialtut (past plural second-person)
faltant (plural present third-person)
fialtun (past plural third-person)
falte (first-person present singular)
fialti (first-person past singular)
faltēs (present second-person singular)
faltēst (present second-person singular)
fialtīs (past second-person singular)
fialtīst (past second-person singular)
falte (present singular third-person)
fialti (past singular third-person)
faltēm (first-person plural present)
fialtīm (first-person past plural)
fialtīmēs (first-person past plural)
faltēt (plural present second-person)
fialtīt (past plural second-person)
faltēn (plural present third-person)
fialtīn (past plural third-person)
falt (present singular)
faltet (plural present)
faltanti (present)
gifaltan (past)

From Proto-West Germanic *falþan with -t- from the past forms, generalized probably by analogy with haltan, waltan.


flioga

Middle High German: vliege, fliuge

Alemannic German: Flüüge

Bavarian: Fluig

Cimbrian: blòiga

German: Fliege, Fleug

Luxembourgish: Fléi

Yiddish: פֿליג (flig)

From Proto-Germanic *fleugǭ, whence also Old English flēoġe. Akin to Old Norse fluga.


flucki

Middle High German: vlücke, flücke

Alemannic German: flück

Central Franconian: flögg

Moselle Franconian: flegg

German: flück

Luxembourgish: fléck

Rhine Franconian: flick

Palatine German: flick

Pennsylvania German: flick


dih

Middle High German: dich

Alemannic German: dich

Cimbrian: dich

German: dich

Hunsrik: dich

Luxembourgish: dech

Yiddish: דיך (dikh)

From Proto-Germanic *þek, whence also Old English þec, Old Norse þik.


ango

From Proto-Germanic *angô, whence also Old English anga, Old Saxon ango, Old Norse angi, Gothic *𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰 (*agga).


ango

Middle High German: ange m or f

Alemannic German: Ange

German: (dialectal) Ange

⇒ Swabian: Halsanke


ila

īla (canonical feminine)
īla (nominative singular)
īlā (nominative plural)
īla (accusative singular)
īlā (accusative plural)
īla (genitive singular)
īlōno (genitive plural)
īlu (dative singular)
īlōm (dative plural)

Middle High German: īle

German: Eile

From Proto-West Germanic *īlu, from Proto-Germanic *īlō (“rush, haste”).


gelo

Middle High German: gël (inflected gëlwe)

Alemannic German:

Alsatian: gahl, gäl

Central Franconian: gäl, jäl, jell

Cimbrian: gel, ghéel (Sette Comuni)

German: gelb; gehl (regional)

→ Hunsrik: gelleb

Luxembourgish: giel

Pennsylvania German: gehl

Vilamovian: gaoł

Yiddish: געל (gel), געלב (gelb)

From Proto-West Germanic *gelu, from Proto-Germanic *gelwaz, whence also Old English geolu.


fruoi

desc

Middle High German: vrüe, vruoge, vruoje, vrüeje, vruo, fruo

Bavarian: fria

Central Franconian: freh, frieh, fröh, frööch

Hunsrik: frih

Luxembourgish: fréi

German: früh

Rhine Franconian: frieh

From Proto-West Germanic *frō(ī) (“early”).


freh

From Proto-West Germanic *frek, whence also Old English frec, Old Norse frekr.


bergan

bergan (infinitive)
birgu (first-person present singular)
birgo (first-person present singular)
barg (first-person past singular)
birgis (present second-person singular)
birgist (present second-person singular)
burgi (past second-person singular)
birgit (present singular third-person)
barg (past singular third-person)
bergem (first-person plural present)
bergemēs (first-person plural present)
burgum (first-person past plural)
burgumēs (first-person past plural)
berget (plural present second-person)
burgut (past plural second-person)
bergant (plural present third-person)
burgun (past plural third-person)
berge (first-person present singular)
burgi (first-person past singular)
bergēs (present second-person singular)
bergēst (present second-person singular)
burgīs (past second-person singular)
burgīst (past second-person singular)
berge (present singular third-person)
burgi (past singular third-person)
bergēm (first-person plural present)
burgīm (first-person past plural)
burgīmēs (first-person past plural)
bergēt (plural present second-person)
burgīt (past plural second-person)
bergēn (plural present third-person)
burgīn (past plural third-person)
birg (present singular)
berget (plural present)
berganti (present)
giborgan (past)

Middle High German: bergen

German: bergen

Luxembourgish: biergen


flehan

flēhan (canonical)
flēhan (infinitive)
flēhu (first-person present singular)
flēho (first-person present singular)
fliah (first-person past singular)
flēhis (present second-person singular)
flēhist (present second-person singular)
fliahi (past second-person singular)
flēhit (present singular third-person)
fliah (past singular third-person)
flēhem (first-person plural present)
flēhemēs (first-person plural present)
fliahum (first-person past plural)
fliahumēs (first-person past plural)
flēhet (plural present second-person)
fliahut (past plural second-person)
flēhant (plural present third-person)
fliahun (past plural third-person)
flēhe (first-person present singular)
fliahi (first-person past singular)
flēhēs (present second-person singular)
flēhēst (present second-person singular)
fliahīs (past second-person singular)
fliahīst (past second-person singular)
flēhe (present singular third-person)
fliahi (past singular third-person)
flēhēm (first-person plural present)
fliahīm (first-person past plural)
fliahīmēs (first-person past plural)
flēhēt (plural present second-person)
fliahīt (past plural second-person)
flēhēn (plural present third-person)
fliahīn (past plural third-person)
flēh (present singular)
flēhet (plural present)
flēhanti (present)
giflēhan (past)

German: flehen


dolen

dolēn (canonical)
dolēn (infinitive)
dolēm (first-person present singular)
dolēn (first-person present singular)
dolēta (first-person past singular)
dolēs (present second-person singular)
dolēst (present second-person singular)
dolētōs (past second-person singular)
dolētōst (past second-person singular)
dolēt (present singular third-person)
dolēta (past singular third-person)
dolēm (first-person plural present)
dolēmēs (first-person plural present)
dolētum (first-person past plural)
dolētumēs (first-person past plural)
dolēt (plural present second-person)
dolētut (past plural second-person)
dolēnt (plural present third-person)
dolētun (past plural third-person)
dole (first-person present singular)
dolēti (first-person past singular)
dolētīs (past second-person singular)
dolētīst (past second-person singular)
dole (present singular third-person)
dolēti (past singular third-person)
dolētīm (first-person past plural)
dolētīmēs (first-person past plural)
dolētīt (past plural second-person)
dolēn (plural present third-person)
dolētīn (past plural third-person)
dole (present singular)
dolēt (plural present)
dolēnti (present)
gidolēt (past)

Middle High German: doln

Alemannic German: tole

German: dolen

Luxembourgish: dëllen

⇒ Old High German: dulten

Middle High German: dulden

German: dulden


farn

Middle High German: varn, varm, farn, farm

German: Farn, Farm

Luxembourgish: Far

From Proto-West Germanic *farn, whence also Old English fearn.


brugga

desctree

Middle High German: brucke, brücke, brügge, brugge
Alemannic German: Brugg
Bavarian: Bruck, Brugg
Central Franconian: Bröck, Breck (Moselle Franconian)
Hunsrik: Brick
Luxembourgish: Bréck
East Central German: Brick
German: Brücke
Rhine Franconian:
Pennsylvania German: Brick
Vilamovian: bryk
Yiddish: בריק (brik)

From Proto-West Germanic *bruggju, from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ.


erist

From Proto-West Germanic *airist. Equivalent to ēr (“early”) + -ist.


erist

Middle High German: ērest, ērst

Bavarian: easchde

Cimbrian: èerste, earst (Luserna)

German: erster

Luxembourgish: éischt

Yiddish: ערשט (ersht)


fliogan

fliogan (infinitive)
fliugu (first-person present singular)
fliugo (first-person present singular)
floug (first-person past singular)
fliugis (present second-person singular)
fliugist (present second-person singular)
flugi (past second-person singular)
fliugit (present singular third-person)
floug (past singular third-person)
fliogem (first-person plural present)
fliogemēs (first-person plural present)
flugum (first-person past plural)
flugumēs (first-person past plural)
flioget (plural present second-person)
flugut (past plural second-person)
fliogant (plural present third-person)
flugun (past plural third-person)
flioge (first-person present singular)
flugi (first-person past singular)
fliogēs (present second-person singular)
fliogēst (present second-person singular)
flugīs (past second-person singular)
flugīst (past second-person singular)
flioge (present singular third-person)
flugi (past singular third-person)
fliogēm (first-person plural present)
flugīm (first-person past plural)
flugīmēs (first-person past plural)
fliogēt (plural present second-person)
flugīt (past plural second-person)
fliogēn (plural present third-person)
flugīn (past plural third-person)
fliug (present singular)
flioget (plural present)
flioganti (present)
giflogan (past)

Middle High German: vliegen

Central Franconian: fleeje

German: fliegen

Luxembourgish: fléien

Yiddish: פֿליִען (flien)

From Proto-West Germanic *fleugan. Compare Old Saxon and Old Dutch fliogan, Old English flēogan, Old Norse fljúga.


fliohan

fliohan (infinitive)
fliuhu (first-person present singular)
fliuho (first-person present singular)
flouh (first-person past singular)
fliuhis (present second-person singular)
fliuhist (present second-person singular)
flugi (past second-person singular)
fliuhit (present singular third-person)
flouh (past singular third-person)
fliohem (first-person plural present)
fliohemēs (first-person plural present)
flugum (first-person past plural)
flugumēs (first-person past plural)
fliohet (plural present second-person)
flugut (past plural second-person)
fliohant (plural present third-person)
flugun (past plural third-person)
fliohe (first-person present singular)
flugi (first-person past singular)
fliohēs (present second-person singular)
fliohēst (present second-person singular)
flugīs (past second-person singular)
flugīst (past second-person singular)
fliohe (present singular third-person)
flugi (past singular third-person)
fliohēm (first-person plural present)
flugīm (first-person past plural)
flugīmēs (first-person past plural)
fliohēt (plural present second-person)
flugīt (past plural second-person)
fliohēn (plural present third-person)
flugīn (past plural third-person)
fliuh (present singular)
fliohet (plural present)
fliohanti (present)
giflogan (past)

Middle High German: vliehen

Alemannic German: flie

German: fliehen

From Proto-West Germanic *fleuhan, from Proto-Germanic *fleuhaną, whence also Old Saxon fliohan, Old English flēon, Old Norse flýja.


forhta

Middle High German: vorhte, vorht

German: Furcht, (obsolete) Forcht

From Proto-West Germanic *forhtu, from Proto-Germanic *furhtō; related to *furhtį̄, whence Old English fyrhtu, English fright.


wildi

Middle High German: wilde

desc

Central Franconian: weld, well (chiefly Moselle Franconian)

Hunsrik: wild

Luxembourgish: wëll

Bavarian: wüd, wuid, wüld

Cimbrian: bill

German: wild

Vilamovian: wyłd

Yiddish: ווילד (vild)

From Proto-West Germanic *wilþī, from Proto-Germanic *wilþijaz.


fruo

Middle High German: vruo, vrū, vrūge, vrō, vrōwe, fruo, frū, frūge, frō, frōwe

Alemannic German: früe

German: früh

Luxembourgish: fréi

Pennsylvania German: frieh

Yiddish: פֿרי (fri)

From Proto-West Germanic *frō (“early”).


iuwar

Middle High German: iuwer, iur, (Central German also) ūwer, ūr

Alemannic German: öie

Cimbrian: ôar

Central Franconian: ühr, ähr, eier, auer

Luxembourgish: är

German: euer

Yiddish: אײַער (ayer)

From Proto-West Germanic *iuwar, whence also Old Saxon iuwar, Old English ēower. Further cognate with Old Norse yðvarr, Gothic 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰𐍂 (izwar).


fuolen

fuolen (infinitive)
fuolu (first-person present singular)
fuolta (first-person past singular)
fuolis (present second-person singular)
fuolist (present second-person singular)
fuoltōs (past second-person singular)
fuoltōst (past second-person singular)
fuolit (present singular third-person)
fuolta (past singular third-person)
fuolem (first-person plural present)
fuolemēs (first-person plural present)
fuoltum (first-person past plural)
fuoltumēs (first-person past plural)
fuolet (plural present second-person)
fuoltut (past plural second-person)
fuolent (plural present third-person)
fuoltun (past plural third-person)
fuole (first-person present singular)
fuolti (first-person past singular)
fuolēs (present second-person singular)
fuolēst (present second-person singular)
fuoltīs (past second-person singular)
fuoltīst (past second-person singular)
fuole (present singular third-person)
fuolti (past singular third-person)
fuolēm (first-person plural present)
fuolēn (first-person plural present)
fuoltīm (first-person past plural)
fuoltīn (first-person past plural)
fuoltīmēs (first-person past plural)
fuolēt (plural present second-person)
fuoltīt (past plural second-person)
fuolēn (plural present third-person)
fuoltīn (past plural third-person)
fuoli (present singular)
fuolet (plural present)
fuolenti (present)
gifuolt (past)

Middle High German: vüelen

Central Franconian: föhle, vöhle, fehle, fiehle

Bavarian: fuin, fühn

Cimbrian: füulan

German: fühlen

Luxembourgish: fillen

From Proto-West Germanic *fōlijan (“to feel”).


girati

German: Gerät


geltan

geltan (infinitive)
giltu (first-person present singular)
gilto (first-person present singular)
galt (first-person past singular)
giltis (present second-person singular)
giltist (present second-person singular)
gulti (past second-person singular)
giltit (present singular third-person)
galt (past singular third-person)
geltem (first-person plural present)
geltemēs (first-person plural present)
gultum (first-person past plural)
gultumēs (first-person past plural)
geltet (plural present second-person)
gultut (past plural second-person)
geltant (plural present third-person)
gultun (past plural third-person)
gelte (first-person present singular)
gulti (first-person past singular)
geltēs (present second-person singular)
geltēst (present second-person singular)
gultīs (past second-person singular)
gultīst (past second-person singular)
gelte (present singular third-person)
gulti (past singular third-person)
geltēm (first-person plural present)
gultīm (first-person past plural)
gultīmēs (first-person past plural)
geltēt (plural present second-person)
gultīt (past plural second-person)
geltēn (plural present third-person)
gultīn (past plural third-person)
gilt (present singular)
geltet (plural present)
geltanti (present)
gigoltan (past)

Middle High German: gëlten

Cimbrian: ghèltan

German: gelten

Luxembourgish: gëllen

From Proto-West Germanic *geldan.
Cognates
Cognates include Old Saxon geldan, Dutch gelden, Old English ġieldan (English yield), Old Norse gjalda, (Danish gælde, Swedish gälla), Gothic *𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽 (*gildan).


mih

desctree

Middle High German: mich
Alemannic German: mich, mi
Central Franconian: mich
Cimbrian: mich
East Central German: mihch, mich, miech
German: mich
Hunsrik: mich
Luxembourgish: mech
Pennsylvania German: mich
Yiddish: מיך (mikh)

From Proto-Germanic *mek, from Proto-Indo-European *me (“me”), akin to Old English mē, Old Norse mik.


tumb

Middle High German: tump

desc

German: dumm (Central German), tumb (Upper German, archaic)

Hunsrik: dumm

Luxembourgish: domm

From Proto-West Germanic *dumb, see also Old Saxon dumb, Old English dumb, Old Norse dumbr, Gothic 𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌱𐍃 (dumbs).


fehtan

fehtan (infinitive)
fihtu (first-person present singular)
fihto (first-person present singular)
faht (first-person past singular)
fihtis (present second-person singular)
fihtist (present second-person singular)
fuhti (past second-person singular)
fihtit (present singular third-person)
faht (past singular third-person)
fehtem (first-person plural present)
fehtemēs (first-person plural present)
fuhtum (first-person past plural)
fuhtumēs (first-person past plural)
fehtet (plural present second-person)
fuhtut (past plural second-person)
fehtant (plural present third-person)
fuhtun (past plural third-person)
fehte (first-person present singular)
fuhti (first-person past singular)
fehtēs (present second-person singular)
fehtēst (present second-person singular)
fuhtīs (past second-person singular)
fuhtīst (past second-person singular)
fehte (present singular third-person)
fuhti (past singular third-person)
fehtēm (first-person plural present)
fuhtīm (first-person past plural)
fuhtīmēs (first-person past plural)
fehtēt (plural present second-person)
fuhtīt (past plural second-person)
fehtēn (plural present third-person)
fuhtīn (past plural third-person)
fiht (present singular)
fehtet (plural present)
fehtanti (present)
gifohtan (past)

Middle High German: vëhten

Alemannic German: fëchte

desctree

German: fechten
→ Russian: фехтовать (fextovatʹ)

From Proto-West Germanic *fehtan, from Proto-Germanic *fehtaną.


ginuog

Middle High German: genuoc

Alemannic German: gnueg

desc

Central Franconian: jeno(o)ch, genooch(t), genuuch(t), genuch

Luxembourgish: genuch

Cimbrian: ghenùg

German: genug

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: genunk

Yiddish: גענוג (genug)

From Proto-West Germanic *ganōg, from Proto-Germanic *ganōgaz, whence also Old Saxon ginōg, Old English ġenōg, Old Norse gnógr, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐍃 (ganōhs).

9th century, Muspilli, line 16-17

When that man in paradise, attains a dwelling / a house in heaven, then enough help will come to him.

denne der man in pardîsu pû kiuuinnit / hûs in himile, dâr quimit imo hilfa kinuok.


fallan

fallan (infinitive)
fallu (first-person present singular)
fallo (first-person present singular)
fial (first-person past singular)
fallis (present second-person singular)
fallist (present second-person singular)
fiali (past second-person singular)
fallit (present singular third-person)
fial (past singular third-person)
fallem (first-person plural present)
fallemēs (first-person plural present)
fialum (first-person past plural)
fialumēs (first-person past plural)
fallet (plural present second-person)
fialut (past plural second-person)
fallant (plural present third-person)
fialun (past plural third-person)
falle (first-person present singular)
fiali (first-person past singular)
fallēs (present second-person singular)
fallēst (present second-person singular)
fialīs (past second-person singular)
fialīst (past second-person singular)
falle (present singular third-person)
fiali (past singular third-person)
fallēm (first-person plural present)
fialīm (first-person past plural)
fialīmēs (first-person past plural)
fallēt (plural present second-person)
fialīt (past plural second-person)
fallēn (plural present third-person)
fialīn (past plural third-person)
fall (present singular)
fallet (plural present)
fallanti (present)
gifallan (past)

Middle High German: vallen

Bavarian: foin

Cimbrian: vallan, ballan (Mezzaselva)

Central Franconian:

Hunsrik: falle

Luxembourgish: falen

German: fallen

Yiddish: פֿאַלן (faln)

From Proto-West Germanic *fallan, from Proto-Germanic *fallaną.


gluoen

gluoen (infinitive)
gluou (first-person present singular)
gluota (first-person past singular)
gluois (present second-person singular)
gluoist (present second-person singular)
gluotōs (past second-person singular)
gluotōst (past second-person singular)
gluoit (present singular third-person)
gluota (past singular third-person)
gluoem (first-person plural present)
gluoemēs (first-person plural present)
gluotum (first-person past plural)
gluotumēs (first-person past plural)
gluoet (plural present second-person)
gluotut (past plural second-person)
gluoent (plural present third-person)
gluotun (past plural third-person)
gluoe (first-person present singular)
gluoti (first-person past singular)
gluoēs (present second-person singular)
gluoēst (present second-person singular)
gluotīs (past second-person singular)
gluotīst (past second-person singular)
gluoe (present singular third-person)
gluoti (past singular third-person)
gluoēm (first-person plural present)
gluoēn (first-person plural present)
gluotīm (first-person past plural)
gluotīn (first-person past plural)
gluotīmēs (first-person past plural)
gluoēt (plural present second-person)
gluotīt (past plural second-person)
gluoēn (plural present third-person)
gluotīn (past plural third-person)
gluoi (present singular)
gluoet (plural present)
gluoenti (present)
gigluot (past)

Middle High German: glüejen

German: glühen

From Proto-Germanic *glōaną, whence also Old Saxon glōian, Old English glōwan, Old Norse glóa.


ginen

ginēn (canonical)
ginēn (infinitive)
ginēm (first-person present singular)
ginēn (first-person present singular)
ginēta (first-person past singular)
ginēs (present second-person singular)
ginēst (present second-person singular)
ginētōs (past second-person singular)
ginētōst (past second-person singular)
ginēt (present singular third-person)
ginēta (past singular third-person)
ginēm (first-person plural present)
ginēmēs (first-person plural present)
ginētum (first-person past plural)
ginētumēs (first-person past plural)
ginēt (plural present second-person)
ginētut (past plural second-person)
ginēnt (plural present third-person)
ginētun (past plural third-person)
gine (first-person present singular)
ginēti (first-person past singular)
ginētīs (past second-person singular)
ginētīst (past second-person singular)
gine (present singular third-person)
ginēti (past singular third-person)
ginētīm (first-person past plural)
ginētīmēs (first-person past plural)
ginētīt (past plural second-person)
ginēn (plural present third-person)
ginētīn (past plural third-person)
gine (present singular)
ginēt (plural present)
ginēnti (present)
giginēt (past)

Middle High German: ginen, genen

German: gähnen

From Proto-Germanic *ginōną, akin to Old English ġinian.


heilag

Middle High German: heilec, heilic

Alemannic German: heilig

Central Franconian:

Hunsrik: heilich

Cimbrian: hòolig

German: heilig

Luxembourgish: helleg

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: heilich

Yiddish: הייליק (heylik)

From Proto-West Germanic *hailag, whence also Old Saxon hēlag, Old English hāliġ, Old Norse heilagr, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌲𐍃 (hailags).


derb

Middle High German: derp

German: derb

From Proto-Germanic *þerbaz. Cognate with Old English þeorf (English tharf), Middle Dutch derf (Dutch derf), Old Norse þjarfr.


glitan

glītan (canonical)
glītan (infinitive)
glītu (first-person present singular)
glīto (first-person present singular)
gleit (first-person past singular)
glītis (present second-person singular)
glītist (present second-person singular)
gliti (past second-person singular)
glītit (present singular third-person)
gleit (past singular third-person)
glītem (first-person plural present)
glītemēs (first-person plural present)
glitum (first-person past plural)
glitumēs (first-person past plural)
glītet (plural present second-person)
glitut (past plural second-person)
glītant (plural present third-person)
glitun (past plural third-person)
glīte (first-person present singular)
gliti (first-person past singular)
glītēs (present second-person singular)
glītēst (present second-person singular)
glitīs (past second-person singular)
glitīst (past second-person singular)
glīte (present singular third-person)
gliti (past singular third-person)
glītēm (first-person plural present)
glitīm (first-person past plural)
glitīmēs (first-person past plural)
glītēt (plural present second-person)
glitīt (past plural second-person)
glītēn (plural present third-person)
glitīn (past plural third-person)
glīt (present singular)
glītet (plural present)
glītanti (present)
giglitan (past)

Middle High German: glīten

German: gleiten

Luxembourgish: gleeden

Yiddish: גלייטן (gleytn)

Yiddish: גליטשן (glitshn)

From Proto-Germanic *glīdaną (“to glide, slide”).


glat

Middle High German: glat

German: glatt

→ Danish: glat

→ Swedish: glatt

→ Norwegian: glatt

→ Esperanto: glata

Ido: glata

Luxembourgish: glat

Vilamovian: głōt

Yiddish: גלאַט (glat)
→ English: glatt

From Proto-West Germanic *glad, from Proto-Germanic *gladaz.


irri

Akin to Old English ierre and further to Latin errare.


giozan

giozan (infinitive)
giuzu (first-person present singular)
giuzo (first-person present singular)
gouz (first-person past singular)
giuzis (present second-person singular)
giuzist (present second-person singular)
guzzi (past second-person singular)
giuzit (present singular third-person)
gouz (past singular third-person)
giozem (first-person plural present)
giozemēs (first-person plural present)
guzzum (first-person past plural)
guzzumēs (first-person past plural)
giozet (plural present second-person)
guzzut (past plural second-person)
giozant (plural present third-person)
guzzun (past plural third-person)
gioze (first-person present singular)
guzzi (first-person past singular)
giozēs (present second-person singular)
giozēst (present second-person singular)
guzzīs (past second-person singular)
guzzīst (past second-person singular)
gioze (present singular third-person)
guzzi (past singular third-person)
giozēm (first-person plural present)
guzzīm (first-person past plural)
guzzīmēs (first-person past plural)
giozēt (plural present second-person)
guzzīt (past plural second-person)
giozēn (plural present third-person)
guzzīn (past plural third-person)
giuz (present singular)
giozet (plural present)
giozanti (present)
gigozzan (past)

Middle High German: giezen

German: gießen

→ French: gueuse, guise (“pig iron”)

desctree

→ Italian: ghisa (“cast iron”)
→ Cimbrian: ghiiza

Luxembourgish: géissen

Yiddish: גיסן (gisn)

From Proto-West Germanic *geutan, from Proto-Germanic *geutaną, akin to Old English ġēotan.


grifan

grīfan (canonical)
grīfan (infinitive)
grīfu (first-person present singular)
grīfo (first-person present singular)
greif (first-person past singular)
grīfis (present second-person singular)
grīfist (present second-person singular)
griffi (past second-person singular)
grīfit (present singular third-person)
greif (past singular third-person)
grīfem (first-person plural present)
grīfemēs (first-person plural present)
griffum (first-person past plural)
griffumēs (first-person past plural)
grīfet (plural present second-person)
griffut (past plural second-person)
grīfant (plural present third-person)
griffun (past plural third-person)
grīfe (first-person present singular)
griffi (first-person past singular)
grīfēs (present second-person singular)
grīfēst (present second-person singular)
griffīs (past second-person singular)
griffīst (past second-person singular)
grīfe (present singular third-person)
griffi (past singular third-person)
grīfēm (first-person plural present)
griffīm (first-person past plural)
griffīmēs (first-person past plural)
grīfēt (plural present second-person)
griffīt (past plural second-person)
grīfēn (plural present third-person)
griffīn (past plural third-person)
grīf (present singular)
grīfet (plural present)
grīfanti (present)
gigriffan (past)

Middle High German: grifen

Cimbrian: graifan

German: greifen

Luxembourgish: gräifen

→ Old French: grifer

French: griffer

From Proto-West Germanic *grīpan, whence also Old Saxon, Old Dutch, Old English grīpan, and outside of West Germanic, Old Norse grípa, Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍀𐌰𐌽 (greipan).


garwen

garawen (infinitive)
garawu (first-person present singular)
garawita (first-person past singular)
garawis (present second-person singular)
garawist (present second-person singular)
garawitōs (past second-person singular)
garawtōst (past second-person singular)
garawit (present singular third-person)
garawita (past singular third-person)
garawem (first-person plural present)
garawemēs (first-person plural present)
garawitum (first-person past plural)
garawitumēs (first-person past plural)
garawet (plural present second-person)
garawitut (past plural second-person)
garawent (plural present third-person)
garawitun (past plural third-person)
garawe (first-person present singular)
garawiti (first-person past singular)
garawēs (present second-person singular)
garawēst (present second-person singular)
garawitīs (past second-person singular)
garawitīst (past second-person singular)
garawe (present singular third-person)
garawiti (past singular third-person)
garawēm (first-person plural present)
garawēn (first-person plural present)
garawitīm (first-person past plural)
garawitīn (first-person past plural)
garawitīmēs (first-person past plural)
garawēt (plural present second-person)
garawitīt (past plural second-person)
garawēn (plural present third-person)
garawitīn (past plural third-person)
garawi (present singular)
garawet (plural present)
garawenti (present)
gigarawit (past)

desc

Middle High German: gerwen, garwen, gerben

German: gerben

Luxembourgish: gierwen

From Proto-West Germanic *garwijan. Related to the adjective garo.


haltan

haltan (infinitive)
haltu (first-person present singular)
halto (first-person present singular)
hialt (first-person past singular)
haltis (present second-person singular)
haltist (present second-person singular)
hialti (past second-person singular)
haltit (present singular third-person)
hialt (past singular third-person)
haltem (first-person plural present)
haltemēs (first-person plural present)
hialtum (first-person past plural)
hialtumēs (first-person past plural)
haltet (plural present second-person)
hialtut (past plural second-person)
haltant (plural present third-person)
hialtun (past plural third-person)
halte (first-person present singular)
hialti (first-person past singular)
haltēs (present second-person singular)
haltēst (present second-person singular)
hialtīs (past second-person singular)
hialtīst (past second-person singular)
halte (present singular third-person)
hialti (past singular third-person)
haltēm (first-person plural present)
hialtīm (first-person past plural)
hialtīmēs (first-person past plural)
haltēt (plural present second-person)
hialtīt (past plural second-person)
haltēn (plural present third-person)
hialtīn (past plural third-person)
halt (present singular)
haltet (plural present)
haltanti (present)
gihaltan (past)

Middle High German: halten

Bavarian: hoiten

Cimbrian: haltan, haltn (Luserna)

German: halten

Luxembourgish: halen

Yiddish: האַלטן (haltn)

From Proto-West Germanic *haldan, akin to Old Saxon and Old Dutch haldan, Old English healdan, Old Norse halda, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽 (haldan).


rito

From Proto-Germanic *hriþiz. Akin to Old Saxon hrido, Old English hriþ.


huldi

huldī (canonical feminine)
huldī (nominative singular)
huldī (accusative singular)
huldī (genitive singular)
huldī (dative singular)

Middle High German: hulde, hülde

German: Huld

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hulþī; equivalent to hold (“friendly”) + -ī.


hazzon

hazzōn (canonical)
hazzōn (infinitive)
hazzōm (first-person present singular)
hazzōn (first-person present singular)
hazzōta (first-person past singular)
hazzōs (present second-person singular)
hazzōst (present second-person singular)
hazzōtōs (past second-person singular)
hazzōtōst (past second-person singular)
hazzōt (present singular third-person)
hazzōta (past singular third-person)
hazzōm (first-person plural present)
hazzōmēs (first-person plural present)
hazzōtum (first-person past plural)
hazzōtumēs (first-person past plural)
hazzōt (plural present second-person)
hazzōtut (past plural second-person)
hazzōnt (plural present third-person)
hazzōtun (past plural third-person)
hazzo (first-person present singular)
hazzōti (first-person past singular)
hazzōtīs (past second-person singular)
hazzo (present singular third-person)
hazzōti (past singular third-person)
hazzōtīm (first-person past plural)
hazzōtīmēs (first-person past plural)
hazzōtīt (past plural second-person)
hazzōn (plural present third-person)
hazzōtīn (past plural third-person)
hazzo (present singular)
hazzōt (plural present)
hazzōnti (present)
gihazzōt (past)

Middle High German: hazzen

Cimbrian: haazan

German: hassen

→ Plautdietsch: hassen, haussen

Luxembourgish: haassen

Yiddish: האַסן (hasn)

From Proto-West Germanic *hatēn, from Proto-Germanic *hatāną.


avur

Middle High German: aber, aver

Alemannic German:

Swabian: abr

Bavarian: owa

Central Franconian:

Eifel: äwwer

Hunsrik: awer

Kölsch: ävver

Wäller Platt: aver, ouwwer

East Central German:

Upper Saxon German: abor, aar, awer, awor

German: aber

Luxembourgish: awer, ower

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: awwer, awer

Yiddish: אָבער (ober)

From Proto-Germanic *afar, *abar, *abur (“after, following”), from Proto-Indo-European *apo- (“away, from”). Akin to Old English eafora (“offspring, successor, descendant”), Old High German after (“after, behind”), Old English æfter (“after, following”). More at after.


helfan

helfan (infinitive)
hilfu (first-person present singular)
hilfo (first-person present singular)
half (first-person past singular)
hilfis (present second-person singular)
hilfist (present second-person singular)
hulfi (past second-person singular)
hilfit (present singular third-person)
half (past singular third-person)
helfem (first-person plural present)
helfemēs (first-person plural present)
hulfum (first-person past plural)
hulfumēs (first-person past plural)
helfet (plural present second-person)
hulfut (past plural second-person)
helfant (plural present third-person)
hulfun (past plural third-person)
helfe (first-person present singular)
hulfi (first-person past singular)
helfēs (present second-person singular)
helfēst (present second-person singular)
hulfīs (past second-person singular)
hulfīst (past second-person singular)
helfe (present singular third-person)
hulfi (past singular third-person)
helfēm (first-person plural present)
hulfīm (first-person past plural)
hulfīmēs (first-person past plural)
helfēt (plural present second-person)
hulfīt (past plural second-person)
helfēn (plural present third-person)
hulfīn (past plural third-person)
hilf (present singular)
helfet (plural present)
helfanti (present)
giholfan (past)

desctree

Middle High German: helfen
Central Franconian: hellepe
Cimbrian: hölfan
German: helfen
Luxembourgish: hëllefen
Yiddish: העלפֿן (helfn)

From Proto-West Germanic *helpan, from Proto-Germanic *helpaną.


odar

Middle High German: oder

Cimbrian: òdar, odar (Luserna)

German: oder

Luxembourgish: oder

Yiddish: אָדער (oder)

An alteration of odo under influence of the -r of abur (“but”) and wedar (“which of the two”), from Proto-Germanic *efþau (“or”).


mero

Middle High German: mēr, mēre

Alemannic German: meer

German: mehr

Yiddish: מער (mer)

From Proto-West Germanic *maiʀō, see also Old Saxon mēro, Old English māra, Dutch meer, Old Norse meiri, Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰 (maiza).


lut

Middle High German: lūt

German: laut
→ Esperanto: laŭta

From Proto-West Germanic *hlūd, whence also Old English hlūd (English loud).


draen

drāen (canonical)
draen (infinitive)
drau (first-person present singular)
drata (first-person past singular)
drais (present second-person singular)
draist (present second-person singular)
dratōs (past second-person singular)
dratōst (past second-person singular)
drait (present singular third-person)
drata (past singular third-person)
draem (first-person plural present)
draemēs (first-person plural present)
dratum (first-person past plural)
dratumēs (first-person past plural)
draet (plural present second-person)
dratut (past plural second-person)
draent (plural present third-person)
dratun (past plural third-person)
drae (first-person present singular)
drati (first-person past singular)
draēs (present second-person singular)
draēst (present second-person singular)
dratīs (past second-person singular)
dratīst (past second-person singular)
drae (present singular third-person)
drati (past singular third-person)
draēm (first-person plural present)
draēn (first-person plural present)
dratīm (first-person past plural)
dratīn (first-person past plural)
dratīmēs (first-person past plural)
draēt (plural present second-person)
dratīt (past plural second-person)
draēn (plural present third-person)
dratīn (past plural third-person)
drai (present singular)
draet (plural present)
draenti (present)
gidrat (past)

Middle High German: dræjen, dræn

Bavarian: drahn

Cimbrian: dréenan

desc

Central Franconian: driehe, drähe, drähne

Hunsrik: drehe

Luxembourgish: dréien, dréinen

German: drehen

Yiddish: דרייען (dreyen)

From Proto-West Germanic *þrāan, from Proto-Germanic *þrēaną, akin to Old Saxon thrāian, Old English þrāwan.


houwan

houwan (infinitive)
houwu (first-person present singular)
houwo (first-person present singular)
hio (first-person past singular)
houwis (present second-person singular)
houwist (present second-person singular)
hiewi (past second-person singular)
houwit (present singular third-person)
hio (past singular third-person)
houwem (first-person plural present)
houwemēs (first-person plural present)
hiewum (first-person past plural)
hiewumēs (first-person past plural)
houwet (plural present second-person)
hiewut (past plural second-person)
houwant (plural present third-person)
hiewun (past plural third-person)
houwe (first-person present singular)
hiewi (first-person past singular)
houwēs (present second-person singular)
houwēst (present second-person singular)
hiewīs (past second-person singular)
hiewīst (past second-person singular)
houwe (present singular third-person)
hiewi (past singular third-person)
houwēm (first-person plural present)
hiewīm (first-person past plural)
hiewīmēs (first-person past plural)
houwēt (plural present second-person)
hiewīt (past plural second-person)
houwēn (plural present third-person)
hiewīn (past plural third-person)
houw (present singular)
houwet (plural present)
houwanti (present)
gihouwan (past)

Middle High German: houwen

Cimbrian: hauan

German: hauen

Luxembourgish: haen

From Proto-West Germanic *hauwan, from Proto-Germanic *hawwaną.


sih

Middle High German: sich

Bavarian: si, sich

Cimbrian: zich

Central Franconian: sich, sech

Hunsrik: sich

Luxembourgish: sech

East Central German: sich

Zipser German: ßich

German: sich

Yiddish: זיך (zikh)

→ Middle Dutch: sich

→ Dutch: zich

q

adapted to native <i class="Latn mention" lang="gml">mik, dik</i>

→ Middle Low German: sik, sek (adapted to native mik, dik)

desc

Low German: sik, sick (variant spelling), sük, sück (East Frisian, northern Emsland), sek, seck (Eastphalian, East Prussian), sich (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)

From Proto-West Germanic *sik, from Proto-Germanic *sek, whence also Old Saxon sik, Old Norse sik.


balo

Middle High German: bale

⇒ Middle High German: balheit

From Proto-West Germanic *balu, see also Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (balweins, “torture”), Old English bealu, Old Norse bǫl.


borgen

borgēn (canonical)
borgēn (infinitive)
borgēm (first-person present singular)
borgēn (first-person present singular)
borgēta (first-person past singular)
borgēs (present second-person singular)
borgēst (present second-person singular)
borgētōs (past second-person singular)
borgētōst (past second-person singular)
borgēt (present singular third-person)
borgēta (past singular third-person)
borgēm (first-person plural present)
borgēmēs (first-person plural present)
borgētum (first-person past plural)
borgētumēs (first-person past plural)
borgēt (plural present second-person)
borgētut (past plural second-person)
borgēnt (plural present third-person)
borgētun (past plural third-person)
borge (first-person present singular)
borgēti (first-person past singular)
borgētīs (past second-person singular)
borgētīst (past second-person singular)
borge (present singular third-person)
borgēti (past singular third-person)
borgētīm (first-person past plural)
borgētīmēs (first-person past plural)
borgētīt (past plural second-person)
borgēn (plural present third-person)
borgētīn (past plural third-person)
borge (present singular)
borgēt (plural present)
borgēnti (present)
giborgēt (past)

Middle High German: borgen

German: borgen

From Proto-West Germanic *borgōn, from Proto-Germanic *burgōną; akin to Old English borġian.


unti

Middle High German: unde, unt, und, unn; onde, ont; (Central Franconian) inde

Bavarian: und

Cimbrian: un

Mòcheno: ont

q

Central Franconian: en, an (< inde), on, un (< unde, now predominant, originally south-eastern)

Hunsrik: un

Luxembourgish: an

German: und

Rhine Franconian: un, on

Pennsylvania German: un

Yiddish: און (un)

From Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti. Compare Old Saxon endi, Old Dutch anda, Old English and, Old Norse enn.


fullen

fullen (infinitive)
fullu (first-person present singular)
fulta (first-person past singular)
fullis (present second-person singular)
fullist (present second-person singular)
fultōs (past second-person singular)
fulltōst (past second-person singular)
fullit (present singular third-person)
fulta (past singular third-person)
fullem (first-person plural present)
fullemēs (first-person plural present)
fultum (first-person past plural)
fultumēs (first-person past plural)
fullet (plural present second-person)
fultut (past plural second-person)
fullent (plural present third-person)
fultun (past plural third-person)
fulle (first-person present singular)
fulti (first-person past singular)
fullēs (present second-person singular)
fullēst (present second-person singular)
fultīs (past second-person singular)
fultīst (past second-person singular)
fulle (present singular third-person)
fulti (past singular third-person)
fullēm (first-person plural present)
fullēn (first-person plural present)
fultīm (first-person past plural)
fultīn (first-person past plural)
fultīmēs (first-person past plural)
fullēt (plural present second-person)
fultīt (past plural second-person)
fullēn (plural present third-person)
fultīn (past plural third-person)
fulli (present singular)
fullet (plural present)
fullenti (present)
gifult (past)

Middle High German: vüllen

Bavarian: fuin, fülln, fün

Cimbrian: vüllan, büllan (Mezzaselva)

German: füllen

Luxembourgish: fëllen

From Proto-West Germanic *fullijan, see also Old Saxon fullian, Dutch vullen, Old English fyllan, Old Norse fylla, Gothic 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fulljan).


ih

ih (first-person nominative singular)
ihha, ihcha (first-person nominative singular)
mīn (first-person genitive singular)
mir (dative first-person singular)
mih (accusative first-person singular)
dū (nominative second-person singular)
dīn (genitive second-person singular)
dir (dative second-person singular)
dih (accusative second-person singular)
er (masculine nominative singular third-person)
her (masculine nominative singular third-person)
sīn (genitive masculine singular third-person)
imu (dative masculine singular third-person)
imo (dative masculine singular third-person)
inan (accusative masculine singular third-person)
in (accusative masculine singular third-person)
siu (feminine nominative singular third-person)
sī (feminine nominative singular third-person)
si (feminine nominative singular third-person)
ira (feminine genitive singular third-person)
iru (feminine genitive singular third-person)
iro (feminine genitive singular third-person)
iru (dative feminine singular third-person)
iro (dative feminine singular third-person)
sia (accusative feminine singular third-person)
iz (neuter nominative singular third-person)
es (genitive neuter singular third-person)
is (genitive neuter singular third-person)
imu (dative neuter singular third-person)
imo (dative neuter singular third-person)
iz (accusative neuter singular third-person)
wir (first-person nominative plural)
unsēr (first-person genitive plural)
uns (dative first-person plural)
unsih (accusative first-person plural)
ir (nominative plural second-person)
iuwēr (genitive plural second-person)
iu (dative plural second-person)
iuwih (accusative plural second-person)
sie (masculine nominative plural third-person)
iro (genitive masculine plural third-person)
im (dative masculine plural third-person)
in (dative masculine plural third-person)
sie (accusative masculine plural third-person)
sio (feminine nominative plural third-person)
iro (feminine genitive plural third-person)
im (dative feminine plural third-person)
in (dative feminine plural third-person)
sio (accusative feminine plural third-person)
siu (neuter nominative plural third-person)
iro (genitive neuter plural third-person)
im (dative neuter plural third-person)
in (dative neuter plural third-person)
siu (accusative neuter plural third-person)
ir (nominative second-person)
iuwēr (genitive second-person)
iu (dative second-person)
iuwih (accusative second-person)

desctree

Middle High German: ich, ig
Alemannic German: ich, ig, i
Sensler: [iː]
Swabian: i
Sathmar Swabian: i
Bavarian: i
Cimbrian: ich (Setti Comuni); i (Luserna)
Gottscheerish: iχ, ī, i (unstressed); iχχe (emphatic)
Mòcheno: i
Central Franconian: ich, eich, ech
Hunsrückisch: äijsch
Hunsrik: ich [ɪç]
Britten: [æɪ̯ʃ], [ɪʃ]
Kölsch: ich
East Central German:
Erzgebirgisch: iech
Silesian East Central German: iech
Upper Saxon German: isch, ische
East Franconian: i, iech
German: ich
Luxembourgish: ech
Rhine Franconian:
Hessian: aisch
Pennsylvania German: ich [ɪç]
Vilamovian: ych
Yiddish: איך (ikh), ich

desc

→ Limburgish: ich, iech, ik, iich (Eupen), ech (Southeast Limburgish)

From Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek, possibly from a preform *eką from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂om (“I”), or directly from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂ (“I”).
Cognates include Old Saxon ik, Old Dutch ik, Old English iċ, Old Norse ek, Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik).


milti

From Proto-Germanic *mildijaz, whence also Old English milde, Old Norse mildr.


heizen

heizen (infinitive)
heizu (first-person present singular)
heizita (first-person past singular)
heizis (present second-person singular)
heizist (present second-person singular)
heizitōs (past second-person singular)
heiztōst (past second-person singular)
heizit (present singular third-person)
heizita (past singular third-person)
heizem (first-person plural present)
heizemēs (first-person plural present)
heizitum (first-person past plural)
heizitumēs (first-person past plural)
heizet (plural present second-person)
heizitut (past plural second-person)
heizent (plural present third-person)
heizitun (past plural third-person)
heize (first-person present singular)
heiziti (first-person past singular)
heizēs (present second-person singular)
heizēst (present second-person singular)
heizitīs (past second-person singular)
heizitīst (past second-person singular)
heize (present singular third-person)
heiziti (past singular third-person)
heizēm (first-person plural present)
heizēn (first-person plural present)
heizitīm (first-person past plural)
heizitīn (first-person past plural)
heizitīmēs (first-person past plural)
heizēt (plural present second-person)
heizitīt (past plural second-person)
heizēn (plural present third-person)
heizitīn (past plural third-person)
heizi (present singular)
heizet (plural present)
heizenti (present)
giheizit (past)

Middle High German: heizen

German: heizen

Yiddish: הייצן (heytsn)

Polish: hajcować

From Proto-West Germanic *haitijan, from Proto-Germanic *haitijaną, whence also Old English hætan, Old Norse heita.


luti

lūtī (canonical feminine)
lūtī (nominative singular)
lūtī (nominative plural)
lūtī (accusative singular)
lūtī (accusative plural)
lūtī (genitive singular)
lūtino (genitive plural)
lūtī (dative singular)
lūtinum (dative plural)

Middle High German: liute

Alemannic German: Lüti, Lüüti

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hlūdī; equivalent to lūt (“loud”) + -ī.


sita

Middle High German: sīte

Alemannic German: Siite

Central Franconian: Seck

Cimbrian: sait

German: Seite

Luxembourgish: Säit

Yiddish: זײַט (zayt)

From Proto-Germanic *sīdǭ, whence also Old English sīde, Old Norse síða.


wellen

willu (first-person present singular)
wille (first-person present singular)
willa (first-person present singular)
wolta (first-person preterite singular)
wili (present second-person singular)
wilis (present second-person singular)
woltōs (preterite second-person singular)
woltōst (preterite second-person singular)
wili (present singular third-person)
wilit (present singular third-person)
wolta (preterite singular third-person)
wellemēs (first-person plural present)
wellēn (first-person plural present)
woltum (first-person plural preterite)
woltun (first-person plural preterite)
woltumēs (first-person plural preterite)
wellet (plural present second-person)
woltut (plural preterite second-person)
wellent (plural present third-person)
woltun (plural preterite third-person)
welle (first-person present singular)
wolti (first-person past singular)
woltī (first-person past singular)
wellest (present second-person singular)
wellēst (present second-person singular)
woltīs (past second-person singular)
woltīst (past second-person singular)
welle (present singular third-person)
wolti (past singular third-person)
woltī (past singular third-person)
wellēmēs (first-person plural present)
woltīm (first-person past plural)
woltīn (first-person past plural)
woltīmēs (first-person past plural)
wellēt (plural present second-person)
woltīt (past plural second-person)
wellēn (plural present third-person)
woltīn (past plural third-person)
wellenti (imperative present)

desctree

Middle High German: wellen, wollen, wöllen, wullen
Alemannic German: welle, wella, wölla
Swabian: wella
Bavarian: woian
Apetlonerisch: walln
Cimbrian: bölln, béllan (Sette Comuni)
Central Franconian: welle, wolle (non-native; but now common in some dialects via German)
Hunsrik: weele
Luxembourgish: wëllen
German: wollen
Rhine Franconian:
Pennsylvania German: wolle
Yiddish: וועלן (veln)

A merger of Proto-West Germanic *willjan (“to want”) and Proto-West Germanic *walljan (“choose, select”).


rouh

German: Rauch

From Proto-West Germanic *rauki, from Proto-Germanic *raukiz, whence also Old Saxon rōk, Old Dutch rouc, Old English rēc, Old Norse reykr.


daz

From Proto-Germanic *þat, neuter of *sa (“the”). More at that.


daz

Middle High German: daz

Alemannic German: ds, s

Swabian: des

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: des, 's, z

Mòcheno: s

German: das, dass

Hessian: dès

Luxembourgish: dass

Silesian East Central German: doas

Yiddish: דאָס (dos)

neuter nominative/accusative singular of der: that, it


riohhan

riohhan (infinitive)
riuhhu (first-person present singular)
riuhho (first-person present singular)
rouh (first-person past singular)
riuhhis (present second-person singular)
riuhhist (present second-person singular)
ruhhi (past second-person singular)
riuhhit (present singular third-person)
rouh (past singular third-person)
riohhem (first-person plural present)
riohhemēs (first-person plural present)
ruhhum (first-person past plural)
ruhhumēs (first-person past plural)
riohhet (plural present second-person)
ruhhut (past plural second-person)
riohhant (plural present third-person)
ruhhun (past plural third-person)
riohhe (first-person present singular)
ruhhi (first-person past singular)
riohhēs (present second-person singular)
riohhēst (present second-person singular)
ruhhīs (past second-person singular)
ruhhīst (past second-person singular)
riohhe (present singular third-person)
ruhhi (past singular third-person)
riohhēm (first-person plural present)
ruhhīm (first-person past plural)
ruhhīmēs (first-person past plural)
riohhēt (plural present second-person)
ruhhīt (past plural second-person)
riohhēn (plural present third-person)
ruhhīn (past plural third-person)
riuh (present singular)
riohhet (plural present)
riohhanti (present)
girohhan (past)

German: riechen

From Proto-West Germanic *reukan, see also Old English rēocan, Old Frisian riāka, Old Norse rjúka.


hungar

Middle High German: hunger

Cimbrian: hungar, hummar (Luserna)

German: Hunger

Luxembourgish: Honger

Yiddish: הונגער (hunger)

From Proto-West Germanic *hungr, see also Old Saxon hungar, Old English hungor, Old Norse hungr.


liso

Middle High German: līse, līs, līnse

German: leise

From Proto-West Germanic *līsō, *līsijō (“softly”), adverbial form of Proto-West Germanic *līs(ī) (“soft, gentle”); equivalent to *līsi (“low, soft”) + -o (adverbial suffix). Cognate with Old Saxon *līso (whence Middle Low German lîse (“low, gently, softly”)).


ioweder

Middle High German: ieweder

Cimbrian: éttor

German: jeder

Yiddish: יעדער (yeder)


jucchen

Middle High German: jucken, jücken

German: jucken (jücken)

→ Esperanto: juki

→ Swedish: jucka


wala

German: Wahl


jagon

Middle High German: jagen

Alemannic German: jage

Cimbrian: jaagan

German: jagen

Hunsrik: jachte

Luxembourgish: joen

Yiddish: יאָגן (yogn)

>? Proto-Albanian: *jaxånj-

Albanian: gjuaj


wedar

Middle High German: weder

Alemannic German: weder

Cimbrian: bèdar

German: weder


leid

Middle High German: leit

German: leid

Silesian: leed

From Proto-West Germanic *laiþ, whence also Old English lāþ, Old Norse leiðr.


fogalon

fogalōn (canonical)
fogalōn (infinitive)
fogalōm (first-person present singular)
fogalōn (first-person present singular)
fogalōta (first-person past singular)
fogalōs (present second-person singular)
fogalōst (present second-person singular)
fogalōtōs (past second-person singular)
fogalōtōst (past second-person singular)
fogalōt (present singular third-person)
fogalōta (past singular third-person)
fogalōm (first-person plural present)
fogalōmēs (first-person plural present)
fogalōtum (first-person past plural)
fogalōtumēs (first-person past plural)
fogalōt (plural present second-person)
fogalōtut (past plural second-person)
fogalōnt (plural present third-person)
fogalōtun (past plural third-person)
fogalo (first-person present singular)
fogalōti (first-person past singular)
fogalōtīs (past second-person singular)
fogalo (present singular third-person)
fogalōti (past singular third-person)
fogalōtīm (first-person past plural)
fogalōtīmēs (first-person past plural)
fogalōtīt (past plural second-person)
fogalōn (plural present third-person)
fogalōtīn (past plural third-person)
fogalo (present singular)
fogalōt (plural present)
fogalōnti (present)
gifogalōt (past)

Middle High German: vogelen, voglen

German: vogeln, vögeln


jetan

jetan (infinitive)
jitu (first-person present singular)
jito (first-person present singular)
jat (first-person past singular)
jitis (present second-person singular)
jitist (present second-person singular)
jāti (past second-person singular)
jitit (present singular third-person)
jat (past singular third-person)
jetem (first-person plural present)
jetemēs (first-person plural present)
jātum (first-person past plural)
jātumēs (first-person past plural)
jetet (plural present second-person)
jātut (past plural second-person)
jetant (plural present third-person)
jātun (past plural third-person)
jete (first-person present singular)
jāti (first-person past singular)
jetēs (present second-person singular)
jetēst (present second-person singular)
jātīs (past second-person singular)
jātīst (past second-person singular)
jete (present singular third-person)
jāti (past singular third-person)
jetēm (first-person plural present)
jātīm (first-person past plural)
jātīmēs (first-person past plural)
jetēt (plural present second-person)
jātīt (past plural second-person)
jetēn (plural present third-person)
jātīn (past plural third-person)
jit (present singular)
jetet (plural present)
jetanti (present)
gijetan (past)


irron

irrōn (canonical)
irrōn (infinitive)
irrōm (first-person present singular)
irrōn (first-person present singular)
irrōta (first-person past singular)
irrōs (present second-person singular)
irrōst (present second-person singular)
irrōtōs (past second-person singular)
irrōtōst (past second-person singular)
irrōt (present singular third-person)
irrōta (past singular third-person)
irrōm (first-person plural present)
irrōmēs (first-person plural present)
irrōtum (first-person past plural)
irrōtumēs (first-person past plural)
irrōt (plural present second-person)
irrōtut (past plural second-person)
irrōnt (plural present third-person)
irrōtun (past plural third-person)
irro (first-person present singular)
irrōti (first-person past singular)
irrōtīs (past second-person singular)
irro (present singular third-person)
irrōti (past singular third-person)
irrōtīm (first-person past plural)
irrōtīmēs (first-person past plural)
irrōtīt (past plural second-person)
irrōn (plural present third-person)
irrōtīn (past plural third-person)
irro (present singular)
irrōt (plural present)
irrōnti (present)
giirrōt (past)

Middle High German: irren

German: irren


jesan

jesan (infinitive)
jisu (first-person present singular)
jiso (first-person present singular)
jas (first-person past singular)
jisis (present second-person singular)
jisist (present second-person singular)
jāri (past second-person singular)
jisit (present singular third-person)
jas (past singular third-person)
jesem (first-person plural present)
jesemēs (first-person plural present)
jārum (first-person past plural)
jārumēs (first-person past plural)
jeset (plural present second-person)
jārut (past plural second-person)
jesant (plural present third-person)
jārun (past plural third-person)
jese (first-person present singular)
jāri (first-person past singular)
jesēs (present second-person singular)
jesēst (present second-person singular)
jārīs (past second-person singular)
jārīst (past second-person singular)
jese (present singular third-person)
jāri (past singular third-person)
jesēm (first-person plural present)
jārīm (first-person past plural)
jārīmēs (first-person past plural)
jesēt (plural present second-person)
jārīt (past plural second-person)
jesēn (plural present third-person)
jārīn (past plural third-person)
jis (present singular)
jeset (plural present)
jesanti (present)
gijesan (past)


beton

betōn (canonical)
betōn (infinitive)
betōm (first-person present singular)
betōn (first-person present singular)
betōta (first-person past singular)
betōs (present second-person singular)
betōst (present second-person singular)
betōtōs (past second-person singular)
betōtōst (past second-person singular)
betōt (present singular third-person)
betōta (past singular third-person)
betōm (first-person plural present)
betōmēs (first-person plural present)
betōtum (first-person past plural)
betōtumēs (first-person past plural)
betōt (plural present second-person)
betōtut (past plural second-person)
betōnt (plural present third-person)
betōtun (past plural third-person)
beto (first-person present singular)
betōti (first-person past singular)
betōtīs (past second-person singular)
beto (present singular third-person)
betōti (past singular third-person)
betōtīm (first-person past plural)
betōtīmēs (first-person past plural)
betōtīt (past plural second-person)
betōn (plural present third-person)
betōtīn (past plural third-person)
beto (present singular)
betōt (plural present)
betōnti (present)
gibetōt (past)

Middle High German: beten

German: beten

From Proto-West Germanic *bed (“prayer, request, plea”) + -ōn. Related to Old English ġebedian (“to pray”) (modern English bead).


subar

German: sauber

Hunsrik: sauver


fogal

fogal (nominative singular)
fogala (nominative plural)
fogal (accusative singular)
fogala (accusative plural)
fogales (genitive singular)
fogalo (genitive plural)
fogale (dative singular)
fogalum (dative plural)
fogalu (instrumental singular)

Middle High German: vogel

Alemannic German: Fogel, Vogel

desc

Central Franconian: Vuggel, Vugel (Colognian Academy spelling), Vuul (scattered variant in Moselle Franconian)

Hunsrik: Foghel

Kölsch: Furrel

Cimbrian: vóoghel, bóoghel, vogl

German: Vogel

Luxembourgish: Vugel, Vull

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: Voggel

Vilamovian: föguł

Yiddish: פֿויגל (foygl)

From Proto-West Germanic *fugl, from Proto-Germanic *fuglaz, whence also Old English fugol, Old Norse fugl.


slihhan

German: schleichen


nadala

German: Nadel

Yiddish: נאָדל (nodl)

From Proto-West Germanic *nāþlu, whence also Old English nædl, Old Norse nál.


bede

Middle High German: beide, bēde

German: beide

Yiddish: ביידע (beyde)

From Proto-Germanic *bai, whence also Old Norse báðir.


skif

desctree

Middle High German: schif, schef
Bavarian: Schiff, Scheff
Central Franconian: Scheff, Schoff, Schöff (parts of Eifel, southwestern Ripuarian)
Hunsrik: Schiff
Luxembourgish: Schëff
German: Schiff
Yiddish: שיף (shif)

→ Old Italian: schifo
Italian: schifo
⇒ English: skeevy
⇒ English: skeeve
→ Middle French: esquif
French: esquif
→ Middle English: skif
English: skiff
→ Russian: скиф (skif)

From Proto-West Germanic *skip, from Proto-Germanic *skipą, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *skey-, possibly from *sek- + *-éyti.
Cognate with Old Saxon skip, Old English sċip, Old Norse skip, Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐍀 (skip).


slafan

slāfan (canonical)
slāfan (infinitive)
slāfu (first-person present singular)
slāfo (first-person present singular)
sliaf (first-person past singular)
slāfis (present second-person singular)
slāfist (present second-person singular)
sliafi (past second-person singular)
slāfit (present singular third-person)
sliaf (past singular third-person)
slāfem (first-person plural present)
slāfemēs (first-person plural present)
sliafum (first-person past plural)
sliafumēs (first-person past plural)
slāfet (plural present second-person)
sliafut (past plural second-person)
slāfant (plural present third-person)
sliafun (past plural third-person)
slāfe (first-person present singular)
sliafi (first-person past singular)
slāfēs (present second-person singular)
slāfēst (present second-person singular)
sliafīs (past second-person singular)
sliafīst (past second-person singular)
slāfe (present singular third-person)
sliafi (past singular third-person)
slāfēm (first-person plural present)
sliafīm (first-person past plural)
sliafīmēs (first-person past plural)
slāfēt (plural present second-person)
sliafīt (past plural second-person)
slāfēn (plural present third-person)
sliafīn (past plural third-person)
slāf (present singular)
slāfet (plural present)
slāfanti (present)
gislāfan (past)

Middle High German: slāfen

Alemannic German: schlaaffe, schlooffe

Badisch: schlofe

Italian Walser: schloafe, schloafen, schlofe, schlàfu, schlaafä

Bavarian:

Central Bavarian: schloffa

Cimbrian: slaafan, slafan, slavan

Mòcheno: schloven

South Tyrolean: schlofn, sghlofn

Central Franconian: schlofe

Hunsrik: schlofe

Luxembourgish: schlofen

German: schlafen

Rhine Franconian: schlofe

Pennsylvania German: schlofe

Yiddish: שלאָפֿן (shlofn)

From Proto-West Germanic *slāpan. Compare Old Saxon slāpan, Old English slǣpan. More at sleep.


slahan

slahan (infinitive)
slahu (first-person present singular)
slaho (first-person present singular)
sluog (first-person past singular)
slahis (present second-person singular)
slahist (present second-person singular)
sluogi (past second-person singular)
slahit (present singular third-person)
sluog (past singular third-person)
slahem (first-person plural present)
slahemēs (first-person plural present)
sluogum (first-person past plural)
sluogumēs (first-person past plural)
slahet (plural present second-person)
sluogut (past plural second-person)
slahant (plural present third-person)
sluogun (past plural third-person)
slahe (first-person present singular)
sluogi (first-person past singular)
slahēs (present second-person singular)
slahēst (present second-person singular)
sluogīs (past second-person singular)
sluogīst (past second-person singular)
slahe (present singular third-person)
sluogi (past singular third-person)
slahēm (first-person plural present)
sluogīm (first-person past plural)
sluogīmēs (first-person past plural)
slahēt (plural present second-person)
sluogīt (past plural second-person)
slahēn (plural present third-person)
sluogīn (past plural third-person)
slah (present singular)
slahet (plural present)
slahanti (present)
gislagan (past)

desctree

Middle High German: slahen, slagen, slân
Alemannic German: schlaa
Central Franconian: schlon
German: schlagen
Hunsrik: schlaan
Luxembourgish: schloen

From Proto-West Germanic *slahan, from Proto-Germanic *slahaną, from Proto-Indo-European *slak- (“to hit, strike, throw”).
Cognate with Old Saxon slahan, Old English slēan, Old Norse slá, Gothic 𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽 (slahan).


wahhen

Middle High German: wachēn

Cimbrian: bachan

German: wachen

Luxembourgish: waachen

Yiddish: וואַכן (vakhn)


sweren

desctree

Middle High German: swern
Alemannic German: schwere
German: schwören
Luxembourgish: schwieren

From Proto-West Germanic *swarjan, from Proto-Germanic *swarjaną, whence also Old Saxon swerian, Old English swerian, Old Norse sverja, Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽 (swaran). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swer-.


triugan

From Proto-Germanic *dreuganą. Akin to Old Norse draugr.


tisc

Middle High German: tisch

Alemannic German: Disch

Bavarian: Disch

Cimbrian: tiss, tisch (Luserna)

Central Franconian:

Eiflerisch: Disch, Desch

Hunsrik: Disch

Kölsch: Desch

Luxembourgish: Dësch

Transylvanian Saxon: Däsch

East Central German:

Vilamovian: tejś

East Franconian:

German: Tisch

Rhine Franconian: Disch

Pennsylvania German: Disch

Yiddish: טיש (tish)


eitar

Middle High German: eiter

German: Eiter

Luxembourgish: Eeter


buoh

buoh (nominative singular)
buoh (nominative plural)
buoh (accusative singular)
buoh (accusative plural)
buohes (genitive singular)
buoho (genitive plural)
buohe (dative singular)
buohum (dative plural)
buohu (instrumental singular)

Middle High German: buoch

Alemannic German: Buech, Büäch

Alsatian: Bööch, Büech

Swabian: Buach

Bavarian: Buach

Münsterländisch: Büak

Central Franconian: Booch, Buch

Hunsrik: Buch

Kölsch: Booch

Luxembourgish: Buch

East Franconian: Bouch

German: Buch

Rhine Franconian: Buch, Busch

Pennsylvania German: Buch

Vilamovian: büch

Yiddish: בוך (bukh)

From Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks, whence also Old Saxon bōk, Old English bōc, Old Norse bók, Gothic 𐌱𐍉𐌺𐍉𐍃 (bōkōs).


fezzil

German: Fessel

From Proto-Germanic *fatilaz, whence also Old English fetel, Old Norse fetill.


fedara

Middle High German: vëdere, vëder

Cimbrian: vèdara, bèdara (Mezzaselva)

German: Feder

Luxembourgish: Fieder

Vilamovian: faoder

Yiddish: פֿעדער (feder)

→ Italian: federa (“pillowcase”)

→ Venetan: fhédera

→ Cimbrian: fòdara

From Proto-West Germanic *feþru, from Proto-Germanic *feþrō, whence also Old Saxon fethara, Old Dutch fethera, fethara, Old English feþer, Old Norse fjöðr. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”).


irren

irren (infinitive)
irru (first-person present singular)
irta (first-person past singular)
irris (present second-person singular)
irrist (present second-person singular)
irtōs (past second-person singular)
irrtōst (past second-person singular)
irrit (present singular third-person)
irta (past singular third-person)
irrem (first-person plural present)
irremēs (first-person plural present)
irtum (first-person past plural)
irtumēs (first-person past plural)
irret (plural present second-person)
irtut (past plural second-person)
irrent (plural present third-person)
irtun (past plural third-person)
irre (first-person present singular)
irti (first-person past singular)
irrēs (present second-person singular)
irrēst (present second-person singular)
irtīs (past second-person singular)
irtīst (past second-person singular)
irre (present singular third-person)
irti (past singular third-person)
irrēm (first-person plural present)
irrēn (first-person plural present)
irtīm (first-person past plural)
irtīn (first-person past plural)
irtīmēs (first-person past plural)
irrēt (plural present second-person)
irtīt (past plural second-person)
irrēn (plural present third-person)
irtīn (past plural third-person)
irri (present singular)
irret (plural present)
irrenti (present)
girrit (past)

Middle High German: irren

German: irren


reichen

reichen (infinitive)
reichu (first-person present singular)
reichta (first-person past singular)
reichis (present second-person singular)
reichist (present second-person singular)
reichtōs (past second-person singular)
reichtōst (past second-person singular)
reichit (present singular third-person)
reichta (past singular third-person)
reichem (first-person plural present)
reichemēs (first-person plural present)
reichtum (first-person past plural)
reichtumēs (first-person past plural)
reichet (plural present second-person)
reichtut (past plural second-person)
reichent (plural present third-person)
reichtun (past plural third-person)
reiche (first-person present singular)
reichti (first-person past singular)
reichēs (present second-person singular)
reichēst (present second-person singular)
reichtīs (past second-person singular)
reichtīst (past second-person singular)
reiche (present singular third-person)
reichti (past singular third-person)
reichēm (first-person plural present)
reichēn (first-person plural present)
reichtīm (first-person past plural)
reichtīn (first-person past plural)
reichtīmēs (first-person past plural)
reichēt (plural present second-person)
reichtīt (past plural second-person)
reichēn (plural present third-person)
reichtīn (past plural third-person)
reichi (present singular)
reichet (plural present)
reichenti (present)
gireicht (past)

Middle High German: reichen

Bavarian: reicha, reichn

Cimbrian: rékhan

German: reichen

Yiddish: גרייכן (greykhn)

From Proto-West Germanic *raikijan, from Proto-Germanic *raikijaną, whence also Old English ræċan.


fingar

fingar (nominative singular)
fingara (nominative plural)
fingar (accusative singular)
fingara (accusative plural)
fingares (genitive singular)
fingaro (genitive plural)
fingare (dative singular)
fingarum (dative plural)
fingaru (instrumental singular)

desctree

Middle High German: vinger
Alemannic German:
Swabian: Fengr
Bavarian: Finga
Cimbrian: vingar, bingar (Mezzaselva)
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: Finger
Luxembourgish: Fanger
German: Finger
Vilamovian: fyngier
Yiddish: פֿינגער (finger)

From Proto-West Germanic *fingr, from Proto-Germanic *fingraz, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *penkʷrós.


maho

desc

Middle High German: mahe, mahen, mān, magen, mage

Cimbrian: mago

German: Mohn
→ Estonian: moon

Swabian: mage

→ Estonian: magun

→ Latvian: magone

→ Lithuanian: aguona


bizza

From Proto-West Germanic *bitā, related to *bītan.


zippa

→ Italian: zeppa

Sicilian: zìppula


krem

→ Italian: Crema

→ Lombard: Crèma


brezza

brēzza (canonical feminine)
brēzza (nominative singular)
brēzzun (nominative plural)
brēzzūn (accusative singular)
brēzzun (accusative plural)
brēzzūn (genitive singular)
brēzzōno (genitive plural)
brēzzūn (dative singular)
brēzzōm (dative plural)
brēzzōn (dative plural)

Middle High German: brezze, pretze

Bavarian: Breze, Brezn

→ German: Breze, Brezen, Brezn

German: Bretze (obsolete)

Rhine Franconian:

Palatine German: Bretze

→ Ladin: prezen

→ Hungarian: perec

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: pereca

Cyrillic script: переца

→ Slovene: presta

A clipping of brēzitella or a syncopic form of brēzzita.


zun

Middle High German: zūn, zoun

German: Zaun

Luxembourgish: Zonk

Vilamovian: caojn

From Proto-West Germanic *tūn, from Proto-Germanic *tūną.


Adalheidis

From Proto-Germanic *aþalaz (“noble”) + *haiduz (“character”).


panch

→ Italian: panca


arming

arming (nominative singular)
arminga (nominative plural)
arming (accusative singular)
arminga (accusative plural)
arminges (genitive singular)
armingo (genitive plural)
arminge (dative singular)
armingum (dative plural)
armingu (instrumental singular)


karra

karra (nominative singular)
karrā (nominative plural)
karra (accusative singular)
karrā (accusative plural)
karra (genitive singular)
karrōno (genitive plural)
karru (dative singular)
karrōm (dative plural)

desctree

Middle High German: karre
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: Karre
German: Karre

Borrowed from Latin carrus, borrowed from Gaulish *karros, from Proto-Celtic *karros, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós, from *ḱers- + *-ós.


lera

Middle High German: lēre

German: Lehre

Luxembourgish: Léier

From Proto-West Germanic *laiʀu, from Proto-Germanic *laizō, from *laizijaną. Cognate with Old Saxon lēra, Old English lār (English lore).


wint

winti (plural)
wint (nominative singular)
winti (nominative plural)
wint (accusative singular)
winti (accusative plural)
wintes (genitive singular)
winto (genitive plural)
winte (dative singular)
wintim (dative plural)
winten (dative plural)
wintu (instrumental singular)

Middle High German: wint

Alemannic German:

Italian Walser: winn, wend, wénn, wind

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: bint

Mòcheno: bint

Udinese: bint

Viennese: Wind

German: Wind

Luxembourgish: Wand

Vilamovian: wynt

Yiddish: ווינט (vint)

From Proto-West Germanic *wind. Akin to Old Saxon wind, Old English wind, Old Norse vindr, Gothic 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌳𐍃 (winds).


sin-

From Proto-West Germanic *sin-, from Proto-Germanic *sin-, from Proto-Indo-European *sem-.


hemma

Italian: Maremma (compound)

From Proto-Germanic *hamjō; cognate with German hemmen (“to check, hamper”) and Icelandic hemill (“a check, retardant”).


sages

second-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of sagēn


frote

Alternative form of fruote, strong masculine nominative/accusative plural of fruot


queman

queman (infinitive)
quimu (first-person present singular)
quimo (first-person present singular)
quam (first-person past singular)
quimis (present second-person singular)
quimist (present second-person singular)
quāmi (past second-person singular)
quimit (present singular third-person)
quam (past singular third-person)
quemem (first-person plural present)
quememēs (first-person plural present)
quāmum (first-person past plural)
quāmumēs (first-person past plural)
quemet (plural present second-person)
quāmut (past plural second-person)
quemant (plural present third-person)
quāmun (past plural third-person)
queme (first-person present singular)
quāmi (first-person past singular)
quemēs (present second-person singular)
quemēst (present second-person singular)
quāmīs (past second-person singular)
quāmīst (past second-person singular)
queme (present singular third-person)
quāmi (past singular third-person)
quemēm (first-person plural present)
quāmīm (first-person past plural)
quāmīmēs (first-person past plural)
quemēt (plural present second-person)
quāmīt (past plural second-person)
quemēn (plural present third-person)
quāmīn (past plural third-person)
quim (present singular)
quemet (plural present)
quemanti (present)
giquoman (past)

desc

Middle High German: quemen, kemen, kümen, kumen, komen

Alemannic German: choo, cho, cha

Italian Walser: cheemen, cheme, cho, chomu, chéeme

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: khemmen, khèmman, ken

Mòcheno: kemmen

Udinese: ckeman, kèmmin, khemen

Central Franconian: komme, kumme (some Ripuarian dialects, including Kölsch), kun, kunn, konn (Ripuarian; some Moselle Franconian dialects; chiefly dated), kunn, kuun, konn, kumme, komme

Hunsrik: komme

German: kommen

Luxembourgish: kommen

Rhine Franconian:

Pennsylvania German: kumme

Yiddish: קומען (kumen)


sellen

sellen (infinitive)
sellu (first-person present singular)
salta (first-person past singular)
selis (present second-person singular)
selist (present second-person singular)
saltōs (past second-person singular)
seltōst (past second-person singular)
selit (present singular third-person)
salta (past singular third-person)
sellem (first-person plural present)
sellemēs (first-person plural present)
saltum (first-person past plural)
saltumēs (first-person past plural)
sellet (plural present second-person)
saltut (past plural second-person)
sellent (plural present third-person)
saltun (past plural third-person)
selle (first-person present singular)
salti (first-person past singular)
sellēs (present second-person singular)
sellēst (present second-person singular)
saltīs (past second-person singular)
saltīst (past second-person singular)
selle (present singular third-person)
salti (past singular third-person)
sellēm (first-person plural present)
sellēn (first-person plural present)
saltīm (first-person past plural)
saltīn (first-person past plural)
saltīmēs (first-person past plural)
sellēt (plural present second-person)
saltīt (past plural second-person)
sellēn (plural present third-person)
saltīn (past plural third-person)
seli (present singular)
sellet (plural present)
sellenti (present)
gisalt (past)

Middle High German: sellen

German: sellen (obsolete)

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *salljan, from Proto-Germanic *saljaną. Compare Old Saxon sellian, Old Dutch sellen, Old English sellan, Old Norse selja, Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (saljan).


brust

brust (nominative singular)
brusti (nominative plural)
brust (accusative singular)
brusti (accusative plural)
brusti (genitive singular)
brusto (genitive plural)
brusti (dative singular)
brustim (dative plural)
brusten (dative plural)

Middle High German: brust

Alemannic German:

Swabian: Bruschd

Central Franconian:

Kölsch: Bruss

German: Brust

Luxembourgish: Broscht

Vilamovian: brust

Yiddish: ברוסט (brust)

From Proto-West Germanic *brust. Cognate with Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍃 (brusts).


bruoder

desctree

Middle High German: bruoder
Alemannic German: Brüeder, Brueder
Italian Walser: briöder, bruder, brueder, bröder
Bavarian:
Cimbrian: pruudar, pruadar (Luserna, Tredici Comuni)
Mòcheno: pruader
Northern Bavarian: [ˈb̥rou̯d̥ɐ], [ˈb̥rei̯d̥ɐ]
Udinese: pruadar, prueder, pruider
Central Franconian: Broder, Bruder
Hunsrik: Bruder
Luxembourgish: Brudder
German: Bruder
Rhine Franconian: Bruder
Frankfurterisch: [pʀuːd̥æ̆], [prɔurə]
Pennsylvania German: Bruder
Vilamovian: brüder
Yiddish: ברודער (bruder)

From Proto-West Germanic *brōþer, from Proto-Germanic *brōþēr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.


boum

bouma (plural)
boum (nominative singular)
bouma (nominative plural)
boum (accusative singular)
bouma (accusative plural)
boumes (genitive singular)
boumo (genitive plural)
boume (dative singular)
boumum (dative plural)
boumu (instrumental singular)

Middle High German: boum, boun, bōm, bōn, bām, poum, pām
Alemannic German: Baaum, Bum, Baim, Baum, Boum
Swabian: Boum, Boom
Walser: böim, baum, bem
Bavarian: Bam, paam, pame
Cimbrian: póom, puam, pome
Mòcheno: pa'm
Central Franconian: Boom, Baum, Boum, Baam
Hunsrik: Baam
Luxembourgish: Bam
Transylvanian Saxon: bum
East Central German:
Erzgebirgisch: Baam
Upper Saxon German: Boom, Baam
Vilamovian: baojm, boum
East Franconian: Baam, Bääm
German: Baum
Rhine Franconian: Baam
Pennsylvania German: Baam
Palatine German: Baam
Yiddish: בוים (boym)

From Proto-West Germanic *baum, possibly from Proto-Germanic *bagmaz.
Cognate with Old English bēam.


bluot

bluot (nominative singular)
bluot (nominative plural)
bluot (accusative singular)
bluot (accusative plural)
bluotes (genitive singular)
bluoto (genitive plural)
bluote (dative singular)
bluotum (dative plural)
bluotu (instrumental singular)

desctree

Middle High German: bluot
Alemannic German: Bluet
Alsatian: Blüet
Swabian: Bluat
Bavarian: Bluad, Bluat
Cimbrian: pluat
Mòcheno:
Central Franconian: Blot
Hunsrik: Blud
Luxembourgish: Blutt
East Central German: Blutt (Oberlausitz; Silesian)
Vilamovian: błüt
East Franconian:
German: Blut
Rhine Franconian:
Pennsylvania German: Blut
Yiddish: בלוט (blut)

From Proto-West Germanic *blōd, from Proto-Germanic *blōþą, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃-.
Compare Old Dutch bluot, Old Saxon blōd, Old English blōd, Old Norse blóð, Gothic 𐌱𐌻𐍉𐌸 (blōþ).


brot

brōt (canonical neuter)
brōt (nominative singular)
brōt (nominative plural)
brōt (accusative singular)
brōt (accusative plural)
brōtes (genitive singular)
brōto (genitive plural)
brōte (dative singular)
brōtum (dative plural)
brōtu (instrumental singular)

desctree

Middle High German: brōt, brōd
Alemannic German: Brot
Italian Walser: brot, broud, bruat, bròt, bröt
Bavarian: Brout, proat
Cimbrian: proat, pròat (Sette Comuni)
Mòcheno: proat
Central Franconian: Brot
Hunsrik: Brod
Luxembourgish: Brout
German: Brot
Pennsylvania German: Brot
Vilamovian: brūt
Yiddish: ברויט (broyt)

From Proto-West Germanic *braud, from Proto-Germanic *braudą, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-.
Cognate with Old Saxon brōd (German Low German Broot), Old English brēad (English bread), Old Frisian brād (West Frisian brea), Dutch brood, Old Norse brauð (Icelandic brauð).

etymon

The Lord's Prayer, circa 830


-isc

desctree

Middle High German: -isch
German: -isch
→ Dutch: -isch
Afrikaans: -ies
→ Indonesian: -is
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: -isch
Luxembourgish: -esch
Vilamovian: -yś
Yiddish: ־יש (-ish)

From Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos.

etymon

himilisc (“heavenly”) from himil (“heaven”)


Wolfgang

Wolfgang (nominative singular)
Wolfganga (nominative plural)
Wolfgang (accusative singular)
Wolfganga (accusative plural)
Wolfganges (genitive singular)
Wolfgango (genitive plural)
Wolfgange (dative singular)
Wolfgangum (dative plural)
Wolfgangu (instrumental singular)

Middle High German: Wolfgang

German: Wolfgang

English: Wolfgang

Danish: Wolfgang

Portuguese: Wolfgang

From wolf (“wolf”) + gang (“path, course, journey”).


zan

zan (nominative singular)
zani (nominative plural)
zan (accusative singular)
zani (accusative plural)
zanes (genitive singular)
zano (genitive plural)
zane (dative singular)
zanim (dative plural)
zanen (dative plural)
zanu (instrumental singular)


frisking

frisking (nominative singular)
friskinga (nominative plural)
frisking (accusative singular)
friskinga (accusative plural)
friskinges (genitive singular)
friskingo (genitive plural)
friskinge (dative singular)
friskingum (dative plural)
friskingu (instrumental singular)

Middle High German: vrischinc

German: Frischling


alte

strong masculine nominative/accusative plural of alt


purpura

Middle High German: purpur, purper

German: Purpur

From Proto-West Germanic *purpurā (“purple”).


heit

heit (nominative singular)
heiti (nominative plural)
heit (accusative singular)
heiti (accusative plural)
heites (genitive singular)
heito (genitive plural)
heite (dative singular)
heitim (dative plural)
heiten (dative plural)
heitu (instrumental singular)


hagal

Middle High German: hagel

German: Hagel

Luxembourgish: Hol (obsolete)

Yiddish: האָגל (hogl)

From Proto-Germanic *haglaz, likely from Proto-Indo-European *kagʰlos (“pebble”).


spalt

German: Spalt, Spalte

→ Italian: spalto

Related to Lombardic spalt (“crack, fissure”); see modern German spalten (“to cleave”).


dritto

desc

Middle High German: dritte, drite, tritte

German: dritte

Yiddish: דריט (drit)


itis

itis (nominative singular)
itisi (nominative plural)
itis (accusative singular)
itisi (accusative plural)
itisi (genitive singular)
itiso (genitive plural)
itisi (dative singular)
itisim (dative plural)
itisen (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *idisi, from Proto-Germanic *idisiz. Cognate to Old English ides, Old Saxon idis, Old Norse dís.

Eiris sazun idisi / sazun hera duoder;
suma hapt heptidun / suma heri lezidun,
suma clubodun / umbi cuoniouuidi:

Once sat women,
They sat here, then there.
Some fastened bonds,
Some impeded an army,
Some unraveled fetters:
Escape the bonds,
flee the enemy!


tuon

desctree

Middle High German: tuon, tūn, tōn, duon, dūn, dōn, tœn, tain, tuogen, tuomen, thoenen
Alemannic German: tue, due, tuä
Swabian: dua, doa
Bavarian: doa
Cimbrian: tüan, tüunan (Sette Comuni)
Northern Bavarian: [d̥o͡u]
Viennese: tuan
Central Franconian: donn, don (northern Moselle Franconian, some Ripuarian dialects), dun (southern Moselle Franconian)
Hunsrik: dun
Kölsch: dunn
Luxembourgish: doen
German: tun
Rhine Franconian:
Frankfurterisch: [d̥ũː]
Pennsylvania German: duh
Yiddish: טאָן (ton)

From Proto-West Germanic *dōn, from Proto-Germanic *dōną, akin to Old Saxon dōn, doan, duan, duon, Old Dutch duon, Old Frisian dūa, duā, dwā, Old English dōn. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-.


hulda

hulda (nominative singular)
huldā (nominative plural)
hulda (accusative singular)
huldā (accusative plural)
hulda (genitive singular)
huldōno (genitive plural)
huldu (dative singular)
huldōm (dative plural)

German: Holle

Likely from Proto-Germanic *hulþǭ which is a feminine form of Proto-Germanic *hulþô, from the adjective Proto-Germanic *hulþaz


smid

smid (nominative singular)
smida (nominative plural)
smid (accusative singular)
smida (accusative plural)
smides (genitive singular)
smido (genitive plural)
smide (dative singular)
smidum (dative plural)
smidu (instrumental singular)

Middle High German: smit

Alemannic German: Schmid

Italian Walser: schméd, schmét, schmid, schmìd

Bavarian:

Cimbrian: smit, smitt (Luserna)

Mòcheno: schmi'

Udinese: schmidt, schmit, sghmiid

German: Schmied

Hunsrik: Schmitt

Luxembourgish: Schmadd

Vilamovian: śmejt

Yiddish: שמיד (shmid)


enti

Middle High German: ende

Alemannic German: Endi, End

Central Franconian: Enk

Hunsrik: Enn

Luxembourgish: Enn

Cimbrian: énte

German: Ende

Rhine Franconian: End, Enn, Enne, Inn

Frankfurterisch: [ent]; [en] (older)

Pennsylvania German: End

Vilamovian: end

From Proto-West Germanic *andī, from Proto-Germanic *andijaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂entíos.


enti

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


ertag

Unknown. Not to be confused with *ariotag.