triste

Galician: triste

Portuguese: triste

[…] mas aquelle / Almocadem nunqua falou palaura, antes meteo as maos de sob sua aljuba, que trazia, e a contenenca m̃ triste, e os olhos, baixos contra a aterra sospirando muito amiude se leixou estar acerqua de duas horas, sem nunca dar nehuã reposta a cousa que lhe preguntassem.

1450, Gomes Eanes de Zurara, “Como o Autor falla nas grandes diuisoẽs que atuia antre os mouros da cidade, e das cousas q̃ acontecerom no outro anno passado” (chapter Lviij), in Cronica de tomada da Cidade de Cepta por Elrey dom Joaõ o primº, pages 123v–124r:

But that Almocadem never said a word; earlier he put his hands beneath his jubbah, which he was bringing, and he has a very sad appearance: the eyes [looking] down on the earth; sighing very often; around two hours he ceased standing, without ever giving any response to whatever they asked him.


des

Galician: des

Portuguese: dês

Fala: desde

Galician: desde

Portuguese: desde

q̇ mui de coraçon ſenpre a amou des menỹnez

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 188 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/347.html] facsimile])

who loved her very heartily since childhood


sentir

Galician: sentir

Portuguese: sentir

Inherited from Latin sentīre, from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”). Cognate with Old Spanish sentir.

Um tal home sei que preto sente / de si morte certamente

13th–14th centuries, Denis of Portugal, “Un tal ome sei eu, ai ben-talhada”:

I know one such man who feels unwell, [and he is] certainly dying.


Jacob

desc

Galician: Xacobe, Xacob, Jacobe (reintegrationist), Xagobe, Jagobe (reintegrationist)

desctree

Portuguese: Jacó, Jacob, Jacobe, Jacobo
→ Hunsrik: Schakoh

Learned borrowing from Latin Iācōbus, borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos), from Ἰακώβ (Iakṓb), borrowed from Hebrew יַעֲקֹב, from עקב.
Cognate with Old Spanish Jacob and Old French James.

etymon

Jacobe (alternative)
Jacobo (alternative)

(biblical) Jacob (one of the sons of Isaac and Rebecca)

a male given name, equivalent to English Jacob


Pamplona

Galician: Pamplona

Portuguese: Pamplona


madre

Galician: madre

Portuguese: madre

From Latin mātrem, accusative singular of māter (“mother, matron”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.

A madre do que liurou / dos Leões Daniel / Eſſa do fogo Guardou / un Menỹo Dirrael.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 4 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/059.gif] facsimile])

The Mother of Him who delivered Daniel from the lions saved a little boy of the tribe of Israel from the fire.

et nõ colle as agoas nẽ as torna aa madre ata quea noyte nõ aja as oras ygoães cõ odia. Et em esta rrazõ sobre este lugar da fonte do Nylo achamos que ouverõ [hũus] dos auçiaos hũa créénça vãa: queo cresçer da fonte do Nylo donde el sal por las terras et rrega as herdades, diziam que aquel cresçer quelle [vyña] daquelas neves de Etiopia

c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 183:

and [the Nile] doesn't take the waters nor return them to the riverbed till the night has its hours equal to that of the day. Because of this, about this place of the source of the Nile, we find that some of the old scholars had a vain belief: that the flooding of the Nile's source, where it springs from the earth and waters the fields, was due to the snows of Ethiopia


mirar

Galician: mirar

Portuguese: mirar

Inherited from Latin mīrārī (“marvel at”).


olho

Eonavian: oyo

Fala: ollu

Galician: ollo

Portuguese: olho (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin oclum, from Latin oculum, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃okʷ-, *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”).

[O]s ollos uerdes que eu ui / me façen ora andar aſſi.

13th century, Cancioneiro da Ajuda, João Garcia de Guilhade, A 229: Amigos, non poss'eu negar (facsimile)

The green eyes which I have seen / have made me now be like this.


autor

Galician: autor

Portuguese: autor

Inherited from Latin auctor, from Proto-Italic *auktōr, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg-, from *h₂weg-.

etymon

1300, Alfonso X of Castile, [Xeral Historia]; republished as chapter I, in Ramón Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, 1963, page 212:

author (originator or creator of a work)


mosca

Fala: mosca

Galician: mosca

Portuguese: mosca


mandar

mandar (infinitive)
mandando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
mandado (masculine participle past singular)
mandados (masculine participle past plural)
mandada (feminine participle past singular)
mandadas (feminine participle past plural)
mandante (participle past present singular)
mandantes (participle past plural present)
mando (present singular)
mandas (present singular)
manda (present singular)
mandamos (plural present)
mandades (plural present)
mandan (plural present)
mandava (imperfect singular)
mandavas (imperfect singular)
mandavamos (imperfect plural)
mandávamos (imperfect plural)
mandavades (imperfect plural)
mandávades (imperfect plural)
mandavan (imperfect plural)
mandei (preterite singular)
mandaste (preterite singular)
mandasche (preterite singular)
mandache (preterite singular)
mandou (preterite singular)
mandamos (plural preterite)
mandastes (plural preterite)
mandaron (plural preterite)
mandara (pluperfect singular)
mandaras (pluperfect singular)
mandaramos (pluperfect plural)
mandáramos (pluperfect plural)
mandarades (pluperfect plural)
mandárades (pluperfect plural)
mandaran (pluperfect plural)
mandarei (future singular)
mandarás (future singular)
mandará (future singular)
mandaremos (future plural)
mandaredes (future plural)
mandarán (future plural)
mandaria (conditional singular)
mandarias (conditional singular)
mandariamos (conditional plural)
mandaríamos (conditional plural)
mandariades (conditional plural)
mandaríades (conditional plural)
mandarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
mande (present singular)
mandes (present singular)
mandemos (plural present)
mandedes (plural present)
manden (plural present)
mandasse (imperfect singular)
mandasses (imperfect singular)
mandassemos (imperfect plural)
mandássemos (imperfect plural)
mandassedes (imperfect plural)
mandássedes (imperfect plural)
mandassen (imperfect plural)
mandar (future singular)
mandares (future singular)
mandarmos (future plural)
mandardes (future plural)
mandaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
manda (singular)
mandemos (plural)
mandade (plural)
non mandes (negative singular)
non mandemos (negative plural)
non mandedes (negative plural)
mandar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
mandares (infinitive personal singular)
mandar (infinitive personal singular)
mandarmos (infinitive personal plural)
mandardes (infinitive personal plural)
mandaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: mandar

Portuguese: mandar

Inherited from Latin mandāre, present active indicative of mandō (“order, commission”).

mando mj̃a alma a Deus padre que a ffezo et a criou aa sua ymagen et asua semeldũe.

1362, Andrés Martínez Salazar, editor, Documentos gallegos de los siglos XIII a XVI, page 116:

I send my soul to God the Father, who made it and created it in His image and likeness.

Iten mando a Triidade de sacar cativos de terra de mouros çincuenta maravedis.

1462, J. García Oro, “Viveiro en los siglos XIV y XV. La Colección Diplomática de Santo Domingo de Viveiro”, in Estudios Mindonienses, number 3, page 109:

Item, I send fifty maravedis to the Trinity for releasing captives from the land of the Moors.

(ditransitive, transitive) to send (make something, such as an object or message, go from one place to another, or to someone)


-an

Galician: -an

Portuguese: -am

amar (“to love”) + -an → aman (“[They] love”)

cantar (“to sing”) + -an → cantan (“[They] sing”)

third-person plural
third-person plural#English

a suffix indicating the third-person plural indicative present of a verb in -ar


-ar

-ar (infinitive)
-ando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
-ado (masculine participle past singular)
-ados (masculine participle past plural)
-ada (feminine participle past singular)
-adas (feminine participle past plural)
-ante (participle past present singular)
-antes (participle past plural present)
-o (present singular)
-as (present singular)
-a (present singular)
-amos (plural present)
-ades (plural present)
-an (plural present)
-ava (imperfect singular)
-avas (imperfect singular)
-avamos (imperfect plural)
-ávamos (imperfect plural)
-avades (imperfect plural)
-ávades (imperfect plural)
-avan (imperfect plural)
-ei (preterite singular)
-aste (preterite singular)
-asche (preterite singular)
-ache (preterite singular)
-ou (preterite singular)
-amos (plural preterite)
-astes (plural preterite)
-aron (plural preterite)
-ara (pluperfect singular)
-aras (pluperfect singular)
-aramos (pluperfect plural)
-áramos (pluperfect plural)
-arades (pluperfect plural)
-árades (pluperfect plural)
-aran (pluperfect plural)
-arei (future singular)
-arás (future singular)
-ará (future singular)
-aremos (future plural)
-aredes (future plural)
-arán (future plural)
-aria (conditional singular)
-arias (conditional singular)
-ariamos (conditional plural)
-aríamos (conditional plural)
-ariades (conditional plural)
-aríades (conditional plural)
-arian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
-e (present singular)
-es (present singular)
-emos (plural present)
-edes (plural present)
-en (plural present)
-asse (imperfect singular)
-asses (imperfect singular)
-assemos (imperfect plural)
-ássemos (imperfect plural)
-assedes (imperfect plural)
-ássedes (imperfect plural)
-assen (imperfect plural)
-ar (future singular)
-ares (future singular)
-armos (future plural)
-ardes (future plural)
-aren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
-a (positive singular)
-emos (plural positive)
-ade (plural positive)
non -es (negative singular)
non -emos (negative plural)
non -edes (negative plural)
-ar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
-ares (infinitive personal singular)
-ar (infinitive personal singular)
-armos (infinitive personal plural)
-ardes (infinitive personal plural)
-aren (infinitive personal plural)

Fala: -al

Galician: -ar

Portuguese: -ar

Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *-āzi
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Latin -ereinflu.
Latin -āre
Old Galician-Portuguese -ar
Inherited from Latin -āre, infinitive ending of first conjugation verbs.

forms verbs from nouns or adjectives — forms regular first-conjugation verbs in the impersonal infinitive

forms the first-person singular infinitive of first-conjugation verbs

forms the third-person singular infinitive of first-conjugation verbs


-ar

Galician: -ar

Portuguese: -ar

Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *-ālis
Latin -ālis
Latin -ārislbor.
Old Galician-Portuguese -ar
Learned borrowing from Latin -āre.

capitulo (“ecclesiastical chapter”) + -ar → capitular (“capitular”)


matar

matar (infinitive)
matando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
morto (masculine participle past singular)
mortos (masculine participle past plural)
morta (feminine participle past singular)
mortas (feminine participle past plural)
matante (participle past present singular)
matantes (participle past plural present)
mato (present singular)
matas (present singular)
mata (present singular)
matamos (plural present)
matades (plural present)
matan (plural present)
matava (imperfect singular)
matavas (imperfect singular)
matavamos (imperfect plural)
matávamos (imperfect plural)
matavades (imperfect plural)
matávades (imperfect plural)
matavan (imperfect plural)
matei (preterite singular)
mataste (preterite singular)
matasche (preterite singular)
matache (preterite singular)
matou (preterite singular)
matamos (plural preterite)
matastes (plural preterite)
mataron (plural preterite)
matara (pluperfect singular)
mataras (pluperfect singular)
mataramos (pluperfect plural)
matáramos (pluperfect plural)
matarades (pluperfect plural)
matárades (pluperfect plural)
mataran (pluperfect plural)
matarei (future singular)
matarás (future singular)
matará (future singular)
mataremos (future plural)
mataredes (future plural)
matarán (future plural)
mataria (conditional singular)
matarias (conditional singular)
matariamos (conditional plural)
mataríamos (conditional plural)
matariades (conditional plural)
mataríades (conditional plural)
matarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
mate (present singular)
mates (present singular)
matemos (plural present)
matedes (plural present)
maten (plural present)
matasse (imperfect singular)
matasses (imperfect singular)
matassemos (imperfect plural)
matássemos (imperfect plural)
matassedes (imperfect plural)
matássedes (imperfect plural)
matassen (imperfect plural)
matar (future singular)
matares (future singular)
matarmos (future plural)
matardes (future plural)
mataren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
mata (singular)
matemos (plural)
matade (plural)
non mates (negative singular)
non matemos (negative plural)
non matedes (negative plural)
matar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
matares (infinitive personal singular)
matar (infinitive personal singular)
matarmos (infinitive personal plural)
matardes (infinitive personal plural)
mataren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: matar

Portuguese: matar

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *mattāre, from Latin mactāre.


prison

*prisones (plural)
priiom (alternative)
prijon (alternative)

Galician: prisión

Portuguese: prisão

Borrowed from Old French prison, from Latin prehēnsiō, from prehendō + -tiō.


haver

haver (infinitive)
havendo (gerund)
gerund of haver + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
havudo (masculine participle past singular)
havido (masculine participle past singular)
havudos (masculine participle past plural)
havidos (masculine participle past plural)
havuda (feminine participle past singular)
havida (feminine participle past singular)
havudas (feminine participle past plural)
havidas (feminine participle past plural)
havente (participle past present singular)
haventes (participle past plural present)
hei (present singular)
hajo (present singular)
hás (present singular)
há (present singular)
hai (present singular)
havemos (plural present)
havedes (plural present)
han (plural present)
havia (imperfect singular)
havias (imperfect singular)
haviamos (imperfect plural)
havíamos (imperfect plural)
haviades (imperfect plural)
havíades (imperfect plural)
havian (imperfect plural)
houve (preterite singular)
houe (preterite singular)
houveste (preterite singular)
houviste (preterite singular)
houvesche (preterite singular)
houvische (preterite singular)
houveche (preterite singular)
houviche (preterite singular)
houvo (preterite singular)
houvemos (plural preterite)
houveron (plural preterite)
foron (plural preterite)
houvera (pluperfect singular)
houveras (pluperfect singular)
houveramos (pluperfect plural)
houvéramos (pluperfect plural)
houverades (pluperfect plural)
houvérades (pluperfect plural)
houveran (pluperfect plural)
haverei (future singular)
haverás (future singular)
haverá (future singular)
haveremos (future plural)
haveredes (future plural)
haverán (future plural)
haveria (conditional singular)
haverias (conditional singular)
haveriamos (conditional plural)
haveríamos (conditional plural)
haveriades (conditional plural)
haveríades (conditional plural)
haverian (conditional plural)
present of haver + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
future of haver + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
haja (present singular)
hajas (present singular)
hajamos (plural present)
hajades (plural present)
hajan (plural present)
houvesse (imperfect singular)
houvesses (imperfect singular)
houvessemos (imperfect plural)
houvéssemos (imperfect plural)
houvessedes (imperfect plural)
houvéssedes (imperfect plural)
houvessen (imperfect plural)
houver (future singular)
hoer (future singular)
houveres (future singular)
houer (future singular)
houvermos (future plural)
houermos (future plural)
houverdes (future plural)
houveren (future plural)
houeren (future plural)
have (singular)
hajamos (plural)
havede (plural)
non hajas (negative singular)
non hajamos (negative plural)
non hajades (negative plural)
haver (imperative infinitive personal singular)
haveres (infinitive personal singular)
haver (infinitive personal singular)
havermos (infinitive personal plural)
haverdes (infinitive personal plural)
haveren (infinitive personal plural)


bever

roa-opt-conj-table

beveste, beviste, bevesche, bevische, beveche, beviche

bever (infinitive)
bevendo (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
bevudo (masculine participle past singular)
bevido (masculine participle past singular)
bevudos (masculine participle past plural)
bevidos (masculine participle past plural)
bevuda (feminine participle past singular)
bevida (feminine participle past singular)
bevudas (feminine participle past plural)
bevidas (feminine participle past plural)
bevente (participle past present singular)
beventes (participle past plural present)
bevo (present singular)
beves (present singular)
beve (present singular)
bevemos (plural present)
bevedes (plural present)
beven (plural present)
bevia (imperfect singular)
bevias (imperfect singular)
beviamos (imperfect plural)
bevíamos (imperfect plural)
beviades (imperfect plural)
bevíades (imperfect plural)
bevian (imperfect plural)
bevi (preterite singular)
bevin (preterite singular)
beveste (preterite singular)
beviste (preterite singular)
bevesche (preterite singular)
bevische (preterite singular)
beveche (preterite singular)
beviche (preterite singular)
beveu (preterite singular)
beveo (preterite singular)
bevio (preterite singular)
beviu (preterite singular)
bevemos (plural preterite)
bevestes (plural preterite)
beveron (plural preterite)
bevera (pluperfect singular)
beveras (pluperfect singular)
beveramos (pluperfect plural)
bevêramos (pluperfect plural)
beverades (pluperfect plural)
bevêrades (pluperfect plural)
beveran (pluperfect plural)
beverei (future singular)
beverás (future singular)
beverá (future singular)
beveremos (future plural)
beveredes (future plural)
beverán (future plural)
beveria (conditional singular)
beverias (conditional singular)
beveriamos (conditional plural)
beveríamos (conditional plural)
beveriades (conditional plural)
beveríades (conditional plural)
beverian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
beva (present singular)
bevas (present singular)
bevamos (plural present)
bevades (plural present)
bevan (plural present)
bevesse (imperfect singular)
bevesses (imperfect singular)
bevessemos (imperfect plural)
bevêssemos (imperfect plural)
bevessedes (imperfect plural)
bevêssedes (imperfect plural)
bevessen (imperfect plural)
bever (future singular)
beveres (future singular)
bevermos (future plural)
beverdes (future plural)
beveren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
beve (singular)
bive (singular)
bevamos (plural)
bevede (plural)
bevas (negative singular)
bevamos (negative plural)
bevades (negative plural)
bever (imperative infinitive personal singular)
beveres (infinitive personal singular)
bever (infinitive personal singular)
bevermos (infinitive personal plural)
beverdes (infinitive personal plural)
beveren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: beber

desctree

Portuguese: beber, buber (dialectal)
Kabuverdianu: bebe
Papiamentu: bebe, bebi
Papiamentu: bebe, bebi
→ Saramaccan: bebé


delgado

head

delgado m (plural delgados, feminine delgada, feminine plural delgadas)

delgados (plural)
delgada (feminine)
delgadas (feminine plural)

Galician: delgado

Portuguese: delgado


espada

Galician: espada

Portuguese: espada

Inherited from Latin spatham, accusative of spatha, from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē, “blade”).

(countable) sword (a long bladed weapon with a grip and typically a pommel and crossguard (together forming a hilt), which is designed to cut, stab, slash and/or hack)


sino

Galician: sino

Portuguese: sino (see there for further descendants)

From Late Latin signum (“bell, ringing of a bell”), from Latin signum (“sign”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”) or *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Cognate with Old Occitan senh.

der

ſan pedro ſino tagia

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 66 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/167small.gif] facsimile])


Europa

Fala: Europa

Galician: Europa

desctree

Portuguese: Europa
→ Burmese: ဥရောပ (u.rau:pa.)
→ Hunsrik: Ëuropa
→ Japanese: ヨーロッパ (Yōroppa)

Learned borrowing from Latin Eurōpa, borrowed from Doric Greek Εὐρώπα (Eurṓpa).

etymon

Et ſen falla os de europa ſon amelloꝛ cauallaría do mũdo nẽ q̃ maỹs ſaben de gerra.

1373 January 20, Fernán Martís, “A Reſpoſta q̃ Eỹtor dou a Reỹ Priamos ſſeu padre”, in Cronica Troiana [Trojan Chronicle], translation of Roman de Troie by Benoît de Sainte-Maure, page 19:

Europe (a continent located west of Asia and north of Africa)


-o

Galician: -o

Portuguese: -o

Inherited from Latin -um, from Proto-Indo-European *-om.

forms the masculine of nouns and adjectives


-o

Galician: -o

Portuguese: -o

amar (“to love”) + -o → amo (“[I] love”)

querer (“to want”) + -o → quero (“[I] want”)

first-person singular
first-person singular#English

a suffix indicating the first-person singular present indicative of verbs


antes

Galician: antes

Portuguese: antes

[…] mas aquelle / Almocadem nunqua falou palaura, antes meteo as maos de sob sua aljuba, que trazia, e a contenenca m̃ triste, e os olhos, baixos contra a aterra sospirando muito amiude se leixou estar acerqua de duas horas, sem nunca dar nehuã reposta a cousa que lhe preguntassem.


sen

Fala: sin

Galician: sen

Portuguese: sem


todo

head

todo m (plural todos, feminine toda, feminine plural todas)

todos (plural)
toda (feminine)
todas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin tōtum. Cognate with Old Spanish todo.


todo

Fala: tó

Galician: todo

Portuguese: todo, tudo (see there for further descendants)


logo

Fala: logu

Galician: logo

Portuguese: logo

Inherited from Latin locō (“in the place of, instead of, for”, ablative), from Latin stlocus from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to put, place, locate”).

der

e logo chegar..a alma tomar demões q̇ a leuarõ. mui toſte ſẽ tardar

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 26 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/099.html] facsimile])

and soon devils arrived, seizing the soul, and took it very quickly without delay


onda

Fala: onda

Galician: onda

Portuguese: onda

13th century, Vindel manuscript, Martín Codax, Mia irmana fremosa, treides comigo (facsimile)

Lovely sister, come willingly / To the church in Vigo, where the sea is up, / And we will gaze at the waves.

Mia irmana fremoſa treides de grado / ala ygreia de uigo u e o mar leuado / E miraremos las ondas.


ponte

Fala: ponti m

Galician: ponte f

Portuguese: ponte f

bridge (construction or natural feature that spans a divide)


paz

Galician: paz

Portuguese: paz

Inherited from Latin pācem. Cognate with Old Spanish paz.


jardin

Fala: jardín

Galician: xardín

Portuguese: jardim

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ-der.
Proto-Germanic *gardô
Frankish *gardōbor.
Early Medieval Latin gardīnus
Old French gardinbor.
Old Galician-Portuguese jardin
Borrowed from Old French gardin (“garden, enclosure”), probably from Vulgar Latin or early Gallo-Romance hortus gardinus, from Old Frankish *gardin, oblique case of *gardo (“enclosure, yard”), from Proto-Germanic *gardô (“enclosure, garden, house”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰordʰos (“hedge, enclosure”), from *gʰerdʰ- (“court, yard”).

der

[…]a Loemos que nos meta no iardi[n] / de ſeu fille que nos guarde do mui grand fogỹfernal.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 235 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/425small.gif] facsimile]):

[…] let us praise Her so that She will admit us to the garden of Her Son (=Heaven) and save us from the great fire of Hell.


Siria

Fala: Siria

Galician: Siria

Portuguese: Síria (see there for further descendants)

Learned borrowing from Latin Syria, borrowed from Ancient Greek Σῠρῐ́ᾱ (Sŭrĭ́ā), from Σῠ́ρος (Sŭ́ros) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā).

etymon

(historical) Syria (an ancient region in the Levant in Western Asia, roughly coextensive with the modern country of Syria)

(historical) Syria (an ancient Roman province between 64 BCE and 135 CE)


dente

Fala: denti m

Galician: dente m

Portuguese: dente m


cana

Galician: cana

Portuguese: cana (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin canna, borrowed from Ancient Greek κᾰ́ννᾱ (kắnnā), borrowed from Akkadian qanûm.

outros que nõ an boca senõ tã estreyta [como] hũa cana de avelão

c1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto Padre Sarmiento, page 194

and others that almost have no mouth, but one so narrow as a hazel twig


ley

Galician: lei

Portuguese: lei

Inherited from Latin lēgem (whence English legal and legitimate), from Proto-Italic *lēg-, from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-s, from *leǵ- (“to gather”).

lee (alternative)
lei (alternative)
leij (alternative)


deus

Galician: deus

Portuguese: deus (see there for further descendants)

From Latin deus (“god”). See deus for more information.

Deus (alternative)
deꝯ (alternative)
dṡ (alternative)

Por ela nos perdõou / deus o pecado Dadam. / da maçãa que goſtou. per / que ſoffreu muit affan.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 3 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/057small.html] facsimile])

Through her, God forgave us of Adam’s sin. Of the apple he tasted, because she felt very anguished.


muu

head

muu m (plural *muus, feminine mua, feminine plural muas)

*muus (plural)
mua (feminine)
muas (feminine plural)

Fala: mú

Portuguese: mu

Inherited from Latin mūlum. Doublet of mulo.

(figurative, derogatory, sexuality) pathic; bottom (man who prefers the receptive role in anal sex)


entrar

Galician: entrar

desctree

Portuguese: entrar
Macanese: intrâ, intrá

Inherited from Latin intrāre. Cognate with Old Spanish entrar.

Outrosy mandamos que o dicto martin bezerra et sua moller façan outra porta a a dicta casa noua en a outra quadra via de de çima en o chaao, et que non aia altura nehuna do terreo, et que seia ancha tanto por que posa entrar longura de hun tonel a traues, et de altura por que posa entrar un ome ençima de hun caualo, et que non seia ferrada de ferro, saluo palmelas et golfoos pertenesçentes.

1395, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 556:

Otherwise, we command that the aforementioned Martin Becerra and his wife should made another gate in this new house, in the other square, in the ground level, which should not have any elevation over the ground; it should be wide enough to enter a barrel in long, and high enough for a mounted man, and it should have not iron reinforcements with the exception of the needed leaves and pins [of the hinges]

Contou ainda ſam Gregoꝛẏo q̃ huũ dia hũa ſrgent de deꝯ q̃ uȷuẏa no mͦ. daq̃las virgẽẽs. de ſuſo dto q̃ el auẏ ade ueer entrou na oꝛta deſſe mͦ. ⁊ uẏu hũa alfaça muẏ fremoſa ⁊ cobiȷçou a.

1414, “Da uiꝛgem q̃ moꝛdeo aalfaça [Of the virgin that bit the lettuce]” (chapter XI), in Estêvão Anes Lourido, transl., [dialogo de ſam Gꝛᵉgoꝛio], book I, translation of Dialogi by Pope Gregory I, unnumbered page:

Saint Gregory further said that, one day, a God's servant that lived in the monastery, one of those above-said virgins that he should see, entered the vegetable garden and saw a beautiful lettuce, which she coveted.

(ambitransitive) to enter (go or come into an enclosed or partially enclosed space)


foder

Inherited from Latin futuere.
Cognate with Old Spanish foder.


foder

Fala: jodel

Galician: foder

Portuguese: foder

(ambitransitive, vulgar) to fuck; to have sex


martes

Galician: martes

Inherited from Latin Mārtis dīes, variant of diēs Mārtis, from Mārs (“Roman god of war”).

do lũes ao martes

13th century, Pero Mendes da Fonseca, Chegou Paio de maas artes, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, page B 1600:

Tuesday (the third day of the week in many religious traditions, and the second day of the week in systems that use the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Monday and precedes Wednesday)

days of the week: dia da semana: domingo · lũes


abril

Fala: abril

Galician: abril

Portuguese: abril (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin Aprīlis (“of the month of the goddess Venus”), perhaps based on Etruscan 𐌀𐌐𐌓𐌖 (apru), from Ancient Greek Ἀφροδίτη (Aphrodítē, “Venus”).

der

De Paſcoa no meſdabꝛil

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 115 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/240small.gif] facsimile])


mayo

Galician: maio

Portuguese: maio (see there for further descendants)

ben uennas mayo

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 406 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob098small.gif] facsimile])


agosto

Fala: agostu

Galician: agosto

Portuguese: agosto (see there for further descendants)

From Vulgar Latin agustus, from Latin augustus.

Eſto foi en agoſto en meyante do mes

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 419 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob093small.gif] facsimile]):

This happened in the middle of the month of August


particular

Fala: particulal

Galician: particular

Portuguese: particular

Learned borrowing from Latin particulāris.


ora

Inherited from Latin hōra (“hour”), from Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “time, season, year”), from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁- (“year, season”).

der

[O]s ollos uerdes que eu ui / me façen ora andar aſſi.

13th century, João Garcia de Guilhade, Cancioneiro da Ajuda, page A 229: Amigos, non poss'eu negar:


ora

ora … ora (canonical)
hora (alternative)

Esta posuya o demonio o quall ora falava linguoa italiana ora spanhol.

c. 14th–15th century, Francisco de Melgaço, transl., Vida de Sam Bernardo, book II, Alcobaça, translation of Vita prima Bernardi by William of St-Thierry, page 45r; republished as Lawrence A. Sharpe, editor, The Old Portuguese Vida de Sam Bernardo, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1971, →ISBN, page 109:

She was possessed by the devil, who would sometimes speak the Italian language, sometimes the Iberian one.


ora

Galician: ora

Portuguese: ora

Iten declaro por esta ora en que jazo que segun meu entendemento que he meu fillo Gonzalo, o que cria Juan Oubel, neto de Basco do Vilar he que aquela ora que dormin con sua may segun meu entendimentto que la ficou preñe de min deste mozo.

1402, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 177:

As well, I declare now as I lie that, according to my understanding, Gonzalo, who is being raised by Juan Oubel, grandson of Vasco do Vilar, is my son; and that that time that I slept with his mother I think she got pregnant from me with this kid

(time) hour (a unit of time of one twenty-fourth of a day (sixty minutes))


castelo

Fala: castelu

Galician: castelo

Portuguese: castelo (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin castellum, diminutive of castrum (“fort”).


mil

Galician: mil

desctree

Portuguese: mil
→ Kadiwéu: miili
> Papiamentu: mil (inherited)

Inherited from Latin mīlle, from Proto-Italic *smīɣeslī, from Proto-Indo-European *smih₂ǵʰéslih₂ (“one thousand”).


que

Fala: que

Galician: que

Portuguese: que

Indo-Portuguese: que

From Latin quid (“what”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷid.

q̃ (alternative abbreviation)
q̇ (alternative abbreviation)


tal

Galician: tal

Portuguese: tal

Inherited from Latin tālis. Cognate with Old French tel and Old Spanish tal.

Um tal home sei que preto sente / de si morte certamente

13th-14th centuries, Denis of Portugal, “Un tal ome sei eu, ai ben-talhada”:


illa

illas (plural)
ilha (alternative)
yslla (alternative)

Galician: illa

Portuguese: ilha (see there for further descendants)

→ Leonese: illa

→ Mirandese: ilha

Borrowed from Old Catalan [Term?], from Late Latin *isula from Latin insula.

na ilha de Calcus

1344, Pedro Afonso, Count of Barcelos, Livro de Linhagens do Conde D. Pedro:


dado

Galician: dado

Portuguese: dado

From Vulgar Latin *dadu, itself either from Arabic أَعْدَاد (ʔaʕdād, “numbers”), or from Latin dātum.

Como hũa moller q̇ iogaua os dados en pulla lançou hũa pedra aa omagen de ſ[ant]a mari[a] por q̇ perdera ⁊ parou un angeo de pedra que y eſtava a mão ⁊ reçibiu o colpe.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 294 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/524small.gif] facsimile])

How a woman who was playing dice in Apulia threw a stone at the statue of Holy Mary because she had lost, and an angel of stone which was there reached out its hand and received the blow.


ferro

Fala: ferru

Galician: ferro

Portuguese: ferro (see there for further descendants)

Demays lançaron lámeas trauesas grandes de ferro enna porta do dito thesouro con clauos que passauan da outra parte, en tal maneyra, que os enssarraron enno dito thesouro; et en todo aquel dia non les leixaron dar nen auer pan, nen vino, nen outra vianda nihua

1371, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 434:

Also, they nailed large iron plates across that treasury's door, with nails that pierced through the door, so that they were shut up in the aforementioned treasury; and that whole day they didn't let them have bread, nor wine, nor any other viand whatsoever

Que o dito Lourenço, ferreiro, que faça seysçentos ferros de quatro pees en longo et de cada parte hua argolla grande et grosa [...] et que cada ferro teña as argollas ben saldadas, por que se algua das soldadoras falleçese, toda a obra se perdería.

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 437:

Said Lourenzo, blacksmith, must make six hundred iron items, each one four-feet long and having at both extremes a thick and large ring … and every iron item must have its rings correctly welded, because if any of the welds failed, the whole work would be lost.

et que, yndo él fogindo, lle lançara duas lanças e hua que lle dera por lo braço e llo pasara et a outra que lle puxeran por lle dar por lo ventre, et que, quando a vira vir, que a tomara por lo ferro, viindo por lo ayre, et que cortara a maao toda de dentro

1458, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 340:

and that while he was fleeing he has two spears thrown at him, one that hit him in the arm and overtook him, and another that was thrown towards his belly; but he, when he saw it coming, took it by the spearhead, while coming through the air, and it cut his hand on the inside


grande

Fala: grandi

Galician: grande

Portuguese: grande

[...] por coita grande que ſoffri

13th century, Cancioneiro da Ajuda, João Garcia de Guilhade, A 232: A bõa dona por que eu trobava (facsimile)


veer

veer (infinitive)
ver (infinitive)
veendo (gerund)
vendo (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
veúdo (masculine participle past singular)
viúdo (masculine participle past singular)
visto (masculine participle past singular)
veúdos (masculine participle past plural)
viúdos (masculine participle past plural)
vistos (masculine participle past plural)
veúda (feminine participle past singular)
viúda (feminine participle past singular)
vista (feminine participle past singular)
veúdas (feminine participle past plural)
viúdas (feminine participle past plural)
vistas (feminine participle past plural)
veente (participle past present singular)
vente (participle past present singular)
veentes (participle past plural present)
ventes (participle past plural present)
vejo (present singular)
vees (present singular)
vês (present singular)
vee (present singular)
vê (present singular)
veemos (plural present)
vemos (plural present)
veedes (plural present)
vedes (plural present)
veen (plural present)
vên (plural present)
veía (imperfect singular)
viía (imperfect singular)
via (imperfect singular)
veías (imperfect singular)
viías (imperfect singular)
vias (imperfect singular)
veïamos (imperfect plural)
veíamos (imperfect plural)
viïamos (imperfect plural)
viíamos (imperfect plural)
viamos (imperfect plural)
víamos (imperfect plural)
veïades (imperfect plural)
veíades (imperfect plural)
viïades (imperfect plural)
viíades (imperfect plural)
viades (imperfect plural)
víades (imperfect plural)
veían (imperfect plural)
viían (imperfect plural)
vian (imperfect plural)
veí (preterite singular)
vií (preterite singular)
vi (preterite singular)
vin (preterite singular)
viste (preterite singular)
vische (preterite singular)
viche (preterite singular)
viu (preterite singular)
vio (preterite singular)
veu (preterite singular)
veo (preterite singular)
vimos (plural preterite)
vistes (plural preterite)
viron (plural preterite)
vira (pluperfect singular)
viras (pluperfect singular)
viramos (pluperfect plural)
víramos (pluperfect plural)
virades (pluperfect plural)
vírades (pluperfect plural)
viran (pluperfect plural)
veerei (future singular)
verei (future singular)
veerás (future singular)
verás (future singular)
veerá (future singular)
verá (future singular)
veeremos (future plural)
veremos (future plural)
veeredes (future plural)
veredes (future plural)
veerán (future plural)
verán (future plural)
veeria (conditional singular)
veria (conditional singular)
veerias (conditional singular)
verias (conditional singular)
veeriamos (conditional plural)
veriamos (conditional plural)
veeríamos (conditional plural)
veríamos (conditional plural)
veeriades (conditional plural)
veriades (conditional plural)
veeríades (conditional plural)
veríades (conditional plural)
veerian (conditional plural)
verian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
veja (present singular)
vejas (present singular)
vejamos (plural present)
vejades (plural present)
vejan (plural present)
visse (imperfect singular)
visses (imperfect singular)
vissemos (imperfect plural)
víssemos (imperfect plural)
vissedes (imperfect plural)
víssedes (imperfect plural)
vissen (imperfect plural)
vir (future singular)
vires (future singular)
virmos (future plural)
virdes (future plural)
viren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
vee (singular)
vê (singular)
vei (singular)
vejamos (plural)
veede (plural)
vede (plural)
non vejas (negative singular)
non vejamos (negative plural)
non vejades (negative plural)
veer (imperative infinitive personal singular)
ver (imperative infinitive personal singular)
veeres (infinitive personal singular)
veres (infinitive personal singular)
veer (infinitive personal singular)
ver (infinitive personal singular)
veermos (infinitive personal plural)
vermos (infinitive personal plural)
veerdes (infinitive personal plural)
verdes (infinitive personal plural)
veeren (infinitive personal plural)
veren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: ver

Portuguese: ver

Inherited from Latin vidēre, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to know; see”).

der

13th century, Vindel manuscript, Martín Codax, Ai ondas que eu vim veer (facsimile)

Oh waves that I came to see / say unto me / Why my lover lingers thus away from me?

Ay ondas que eu uin ueer / ſe me ſaberedes dizer / por que tarda meu amigo sẽ mj


eira

Galician: eira

Portuguese: eira

Inherited from Latin ārea (“threshing floor, open space”).

inh+

threshing floor (a yard, usually paved, used as a clean and even surface for threshing cereals)


gran

Fala: gran

Galician: gran

Portuguese: grão

From grande, from Latin grandis, grandem.

grande (alternative)
grã (alternative)
gram (alternative)


-as

Galician: -as

Portuguese: -as

amar (“to love”) + -as → amas (“[you] love”)

cantar (“to sing”) + -as → cantas (“[you] sing”)

second-person singular
second-person singular#English

a suffix indicating the second-person singular present indicative of a verb in -ar


Galiza

Galician: Galiza

Portuguese: Galiza

Early Medieval Latin Gallicia, from Latin Gallaecia, from Gallaecī (“a tribe in the region”).

q̃(ua)ndeu vin de galiza

1525-1526, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Caldeirom, B 1623: Os d'Aragom, que soen donear (facsimile)

Galicia (a former kingdom in northwestern Spain)


brio

Galician: brío

Portuguese: brio

13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Don Gonçalo, pois queredes ir d’aqui pera Sevilha

And a thing I know of you / And which I have great pride, / And therefore I swear to you firmly and uninterruptedly / that you will die in winter or in summer.

E hūa cousa sei eu deuos / E tenho pʳ muj gram brio / E poren uolo iuro muita fⁱmas e affio / q̄ senpre auedes amorreg em juu’no ē istio

Vi coteifes de gran brio / eno meio do estio / estar tremendo sen frio / ant’os mouros d’Azamor […]

13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, O genete

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Et cõ grã brio deu hũa espadada ẽno olmo que estaua ante a jgleia de Sam Johan de Burgos

1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 674:

With great strength he struck with the sword an elm that was before the church of Saint John in Burgos


tener

Inherited from Latin tenēre, teneō (“to hold; to keep; to have”), from Proto-Italic *tenēō, stative from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch or draw”).

der

Diuso de aquesti tiempo, Quintilio Vario faziendose subdito de los subiectos con marauellosa soberuia et grant auaricia, de los germanos qui se rebellauan fue destruido con tres legiones. El qual tajamiento et mortaldat de la republica Cesar Agusto la tenia en tanto por mala et grieu, que muchas vegadas por el grant dolor que dende auia, dando con la cabeça a la pared cridaua: "Quintilio Vario riendeme las legiones que yo te di."

ca. 1376–1396, Juan Fernández de Heredia, Ystorias de Orosio

Before this time, Quinctilius Varus, having become a subject of the conquered with marvelous arrogance and great greed, was destroyed by German rebels along with three legions. Augustus took this reduction [in the forces], this mortality of the Republic, so badly and with such grief, that he would often, in great pain, hit his head against a wall shouting, ‘Quinctilius Varus, give me back my legions!’


setembro

setembros (plural)
setenbro (alternative)
setenbre (alternative)

Galician: setembro

Portuguese: setembro (see there for further descendants)

From Early Medieval Latin Septembrius, from Latin Septembrius.

eſta e a primeyra da nacença de ſanta maria que cae no mes de Setembro […]

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 411 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/003small.gif] facsimile])

This is the first song, about the birth of Holy Mary, which falls in the month of September […]


novembro

novembros (plural)
novenbro (alternative)
novembre (alternative)

Galician: novembro

Portuguese: novembro (see there for further descendants)

From Late Latin Novembrius, from Latin november, novembrem.


dezembro

dezembros (plural)
dezenbro (alternative)

Galician: decembro

Portuguese: dezembro (see there for further descendants)

From Medieval Latin Decembrius, from Latin December.

e eſta feſta e no mes de dezenbro […]

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 413 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob092small.gif] facsimile])

And this feast (day) is in the month of December […]


dono

Galician: dono

Portuguese: dono

Inherited from Late Latin domnus, from Latin dominus (“lord”), from domus (“house”).


sempre

Fala: sempris

Galician: sempre

Portuguese: sempre

From Latin semper. Compare Italian sempre, Spanish siempre.


ovo

Fala: ovu

Galician: ovo

Portuguese: ovo

Inherited from Vulgar Latin (*)ŏvum, from Classical Latin ōvum. Found in the Cantigas de Santa Maria.


nua

Galician: núa

Portuguese: nua


rua

Galician: rúa

Portuguese: rua

From Vulgar Latin *ruga (“furrow, path, street”) (likely through or influenced by Old French rue), from Latin ruga (“wrinkle”), from Proto-Indo-European *krewp- (“to become encrusted”).

1525-1526, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, João de Gaia, B 1433: Vosso pai na rua (facsimile)

Your dad [is] on the street / before your door

Hṽa omage pintada na rua siya / en tauoa mui bẽ feita de ſanta Maria.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 34 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/110small.gif] facsimile])

There was in the street a well-made icon of Holy Mary, painted on wood.


entre

Fala: entre

Galician: entre

Portuguese: entre

Inherited from Latin inter. The alternative form ontre was influenced perhaps by Suevic: compare Old High German unter (“among, between”).

cog

E disse: «Esta é a madeira certeira,
 e, demais, non na dei eu a vós si[n]lheira;
e, pois que s’en compasso á de meter,
atan longa deve toda [a] seer
per antr’as pernas da [e]scaleira.

(Can we date this quote?), Afonso X, Joan Rodriguiz foi esmar a Balteira:

And he said: "This is the right wood,
 and besides, it doesn't fly. I gave it to you alone;
 and since it has to be put in steadily,
as long as it is it must fit between the legs of the ladder."


universidade

*universidades (plural)
universsidade (alternative)

Galician: universidade

desctree

Portuguese: universidade
→ Tetum: universidade

Possibly borrowed from Old Spanish universidat, as the first universities in the Iberian Peninsula were founded in Spanish-speaking regions.

1301, anonymous author, [Sobre os cregos]; republished as “Novos fragmentos de textos xurídicos galegos (s. XIV)”, in Arthur L.-F. Askins et al., editor, Revista de Literatura Medieval, number 9, 1997, →ISSN, page 41, lines 29–31:


junto

head

junto m (plural juntos, feminine junta, feminine plural juntas)

juntos (plural)
junta (feminine)
juntas (feminine plural)
iunto (alternative)
jumto (alternative)
juncto (alternative)
jũto (alternative)

Fala: ixhuntu, juntu, xhuntu

Galician: xunto

Portuguese: junto

Inherited from Latin iūnctus, from iungō, from Proto-Italic *jungō, from Proto-Indo-European *yunégti, from *yewg- + *-né-.


junto

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

iunto (alternative)
jumto (alternative)
juncto (alternative)
jũto (alternative)

first-person singular present indicative of juntar


verde

Fala: verdi

Galician: verde

Portuguese: verde (see there for further descendants)

From Vulgar Latin virdis, syncopated from Latin viridis.

[O]s ollos uerdes que eu ui / me façen ora andar aſſi.

13th century, Cancioneiro da Ajuda, João Garcia de Guilhade, A 229: Amigos, non poss'eu negar (facsimile)

The green eyes which I have seen / have made me now be like this.


vista

Fala: vista

Galician: vista

Portuguese: vista

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *visita, from Latin visa, feminine past participle of videō.


pecado

Galician: pecado

Portuguese: pecado

From Latin peccātum (“sin; error”), from peccō (“I sin”).

Por ela nos perdõou / deus o pecado Dadam. / da maçãa que goſtou. per / que ſoffreu muit affan.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 3 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/057small.html] facsimile])

By her, God forgave us of Adam’s sin. Of the apple he tasted, because she felt very anguished.


usar

usar (infinitive)
usando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
usado (masculine participle past singular)
usados (masculine participle past plural)
usada (feminine participle past singular)
usadas (feminine participle past plural)
usante (participle past present singular)
usantes (participle past plural present)
uso (present singular)
usas (present singular)
usa (present singular)
usamos (plural present)
usades (plural present)
usan (plural present)
usava (imperfect singular)
usavas (imperfect singular)
usavamos (imperfect plural)
usávamos (imperfect plural)
usavades (imperfect plural)
usávades (imperfect plural)
usavan (imperfect plural)
usei (preterite singular)
usaste (preterite singular)
usasche (preterite singular)
usache (preterite singular)
usou (preterite singular)
usamos (plural preterite)
usastes (plural preterite)
usaron (plural preterite)
usara (pluperfect singular)
usaras (pluperfect singular)
usaramos (pluperfect plural)
usáramos (pluperfect plural)
usarades (pluperfect plural)
usárades (pluperfect plural)
usaran (pluperfect plural)
usarei (future singular)
usarás (future singular)
usará (future singular)
usaremos (future plural)
usaredes (future plural)
usarán (future plural)
usaria (conditional singular)
usarias (conditional singular)
usariamos (conditional plural)
usaríamos (conditional plural)
usariades (conditional plural)
usaríades (conditional plural)
usarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
use (present singular)
uses (present singular)
usemos (plural present)
usedes (plural present)
usen (plural present)
usasse (imperfect singular)
usasses (imperfect singular)
usassemos (imperfect plural)
usássemos (imperfect plural)
usassedes (imperfect plural)
usássedes (imperfect plural)
usassen (imperfect plural)
usar (future singular)
usares (future singular)
usarmos (future plural)
usardes (future plural)
usaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
usa (singular)
usemos (plural)
usade (plural)
non uses (negative singular)
non usemos (negative plural)
non usedes (negative plural)
usar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
usares (infinitive personal singular)
usar (infinitive personal singular)
usarmos (infinitive personal plural)
usardes (infinitive personal plural)
usaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: usar

Portuguese: usar

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin ūsāre


primo

Galician: primo

Portuguese: primo


parte

Galician: parte

Portuguese: parte

Inherited from Latin partem, from Proto-Italic *partis.

part; section; portion; share; piece; bit; cut; proportion

damus e outorgamus a uos[…]Ia leyra derdade que abemus en Eires como departe pe-la leyra do casal de Cima de Villa en o qual mora Domingo Eanes, e da outra parte pe-los marcos que y estan chantados, e da outra parte pe-la careyra, e da outra parte pe-la pedra que esta en fondo desta leira; conuen a saber que vos fazades esta leira Ia cassa pera lagar e non fazades en ela outra casa nenuna nen poombal, nen tolades o carril da uila

1277, “San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Colección Diplomática”, in Manuel Lucas Alvarez, Pedro Pablo Lucas Domínguez, editors, Liceo franciscano: revista de estudio e investigación, volume 42, numbers 124–126 (overall work in Spanish), Santiago: Caixa Galicia, published 1989, →ISSN, page 411:

we give and grant you a field that we have in Eires, as it departs from the farm of Cimadevila where Domigo Eanes lives, in the other side by the boundary stones that are thrusted there, in the other side by the road, and in the other side by the rock that is at the end of this field; and you shall build in this field a winery, but you should not build there any other house or dovecote, nor should you occupy the road to the village.


parte

third-person singular present indicative of partir

second-person singular imperative of partir


fumo

Galician: fume, fumo

desctree

Portuguese: fumo
Guinea-Bissau Creole: fumu
Kabuverdianu: fumu
→ Hunsrik: Fumm


creo

Galician: creo

Portuguese: creio

first-person singular present indicative of creer


nom

14th-15th centuries, O Livro de Exopo, A rã e o boi

Mother, don't do it, because you are a very small thing compared to this ox.

Madre, nom faças, ca tu es muy pequena cousa a rrespeyto d’este boy.


forno

Fala: fornu, folnu

Galician: forno

Portuguese: forno
Guinea-Bissau Creole: furnu
→ Malayalam: ബോർമ്മ (bōṟmma)
→ Sinhalese: පෝරණය (pōraṇaya), පෝර්ණුව (pōrṇuwa)

Eſta e como Santa maria guardou ao fillo do judeu que non ardeſſe que ſeu padre deitara no forno.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 4 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/058.html] facsimile])

This one is (about) how Holy Mary protected from being burnt the son of the Jew whose father had lain him in the furnace.


ama

Galician: ama

Portuguese: ama


manteiga

Galician: manteiga

Portuguese: manteiga (see there for further descendants)

Uncertain. Possibly from Iberian/Celtiberian.


vaca

Fala: vaca

Galician: vaca

Portuguese: vaca (see there for further descendants)


abrir

Fala: abril

Galician: abrir

Portuguese: abrir

Inherited from Latin aperīre (“open”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epo (“of; from”).


descobrir

Portuguese: descobrir

From Late Latin discoperīre < discooperīre (“to expose”), from Latin dis- + cooperiō (“I cover wholly”). By surface analysis, des- + cobrir.

Como ſanta maria fez deſcobrir hũa poſta de carne que furtaran a uũs romeus na uila de Rocamador.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 159 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/304.html] facsimile])

How Holy Mary caused to be found a piece of meat which was stolen from some pilgrims in the village of Rocamadour.


papel

Fala: papel

Galician: papel

Portuguese: papel (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Old Catalan paper, borrowed from Latin papȳrus, borrowed from Ancient Greek πάπυρος (pápuros). First attested in 1294.

etymon

1294, Roy Peres, [Vilar de Donas], Chantada; republished as chapter 64, in José-Luis Novo Cazón, editor, El priorato santiaguista de Vilar de Donas en la Edad Media (1194-1500), A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, 1986, page 271:

paper (sheet material typically used for writing on or printing)


traer

Portuguese: trair

Inherited from Latin trādō, from trāns + dō.

Et alguus seus ynjmjgos por zelo de envidia diserõ a el rrey que el que queria traer o rreyno de Galiza, et o queria tirar a el rrey et darllo aos Jngreses et normanos, seus ynimjgos.

1460, Rui Vasques, edited by J. A. Souto Cabo, Choronica de Iria:

And some people, enemies of him, because of envy told the king that he wanted to deliver the Kingdom of Galicia, that he wanted to take it from the king and give it to the Englishmen and the Normans, his enemies.

(transitive) to betray (to deliver into the hands of an enemy)

(transitive) to betray (to prove faithless or treacherous)


jornada

Galician: xornada

Portuguese: jornada


julio

Galician: xullo

Portuguese: julho (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin iūlius, from Iūlius (“Julius”), the gens of Julius Caesar.


junio

Galician: xuño

Portuguese: junho (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin iūnius, from the name of the goddess Iūnō (“Juno”).

E forũ feitas en coinbria IIII.ᵒʳ dias porandar de junio.

1214, King Afonso II of Portugal, The will of King Afonso II of Portugal:

And they were made in Coimbra, on June 27th.


Saturno

Galician: Saturno

Portuguese: Saturno

Saturn (sixth planet of the Solar System)

Mercurio · Venus · Terra · Mars · Jupiter · Saturno [edit]


marido

Galician: marido

Portuguese: marido

Inherited from Latin marītus (“husband”), from mās (“male, a male”).

inh+

u ides aſſi marido de noite come ladron.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 84 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/194small.gif] facsimile])

Where do you go like that at night like a thief, husband?


trave

Galician: trabe

Portuguese: trave

From Latin trabem, accusative of trabs (“beam”).

como ſṫa M de caſtro xerez guardou agente que sija na ygreia oyndo ſermon dũa traue que caeu de çima da ygreia ſobreles.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 266 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/478.html] facsimile])

How holy Mary of Castrojeriz saved the people, who were in the church listening to the sermon, from a beam which fell from above the church on them.


missa

missas (plural)
misa (alternative)
mjsa (alternative)
mjssa (alternative)
mysa (alternative)
myssa (alternative)

Fala: misa

Galician: misa

Portuguese: missa (see there for further descendants)

Learned borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin missa, from Latin missiō, from mittō + -tiō.

etymon

Eſta é de como ſta maria pareceu en toledo a ſant alifonſſo ⁊ deull ũa alua q̇ trouxe de paraẏſo con que diſſeſſe miſſa.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 2 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/056.html] facsimile]):

This one is [about] how Holy Mary appeared to Saint Ildefonso in Toledo and gave him an alb from paradise to celebrate mass.


ventre

Galician: ventre

Portuguese: ventre

From Latin venter, ventrem, from Proto-Indo-European *wend-tri-.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 368 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/656.html] facsimile]):
[C]omo […] ſ(ant)a M(aria) do porto guariu ũa moller dũa coobra que tragia eno uentre
(H)ow Holy Mary of Porto cured a woman of a snake she had in her belly

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 184 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/340small.gif] facsimile]):
Eſta e como ſanta Maria liurou de morte ũu Menynno que iazia no uentre da madre
This is how Holy Mary saved from death a little boy who laid in his mother's womb


servir

Fala: servil

Galician: servir

Portuguese: servir
→ Hunsrik: sërviere

(transitive) to serve (to be a servant for)

(transitive) to serve (to obey and worship)

(transitive) to court (to try to win a commitment to marry from)

(reflexive) to make use [with de ‘of something’]


cidade

Galician: cidade, Cidá (toponym)

Portuguese: cidade

Eſta […] é como ſãta m[aria] defẽdeu a cidade de ceſaira do emperador iuyão.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 15 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob032small.gif] facsimile])

This […] is how Holy Mary defended the city of Caesaria from the Emperor Julian.


cruz

cruzes (plural)
crruz (alternative)
crus (alternative)
crux (alternative)

Fala: cru

Galician: cruz

Portuguese: cruz (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin crucem (“cross”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, to bend”).

der

Como ſanta maria ſſe uingou do crerigo que furtou a prata da cruz.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 318 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/565small.gif] facsimile]):

How Holy Mary avenged Herself on the cleric who stole the silver from the cross.


a

Fala: a

Galician: a

Portuguese: a
Indo-Portuguese: a

fugiu con el a Egipto. terra de Reẏ faraon.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 14 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/080.html] facsimile])

ran away with him to Egypt. land of King pharaoh.


a

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


Acre

Galician: Acre

Portuguese: Acre

Pero non fuy a ultra mar / muyto ſey cu a terra bem / per ſoeyreaneẽs qȝ ẽ uem / ſegũdo lheu oy cõtar / diz q̃ marcelha iaȝ alem / domar e Acre iaȝ aquem / e pom ror teſ loguy arar

13th century, Martin Soarez, Pero non fuy a ultra mar; republished as Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Italy, c. 1525–1526, cantiga 143:

Se deꝯ mi ualha uedes pᵉ q̃ nõ / Uꝯ trobei dacri nẽ desſe logr̃ / Pᵉ q̄ nõ uirõ quãtos aqui son / Que nũca uos pasſaſtes alen mar / E da tr͡ra hu nõ fostes nõ sey / Como uos trobey mays saberuos ey / As manhas q̃ uos auedes contar

13th century, Pero Gomes Barroso, Pero danbro se deꝯ mi pardon; republished as Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Italy, c. 1525–1526, cantiga 1446:

Acre (a port city in northern Israel, holiest city in the Baháʼí Faith)


Adan

Galician: Adán

Portuguese: Adão

Learned borrowing from Latin Ādām, borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀδάμ (Adám), borrowed from Hebrew אָדָם, from א־ד־ם.

etymon

a male given name, equivalent to English Adam


Deus

Galician: Deus

Portuguese: Deus


Joan

Galician: Xoán

Portuguese: João

Inherited from Latin Iōannēs, borrowed from Koine Greek Ἰωάννης (Iōánnēs), borrowed from Biblical Hebrew יוֹחָנָן.

Ioham (alternative)
Iohan (alternative)
Jan (alternative)
Johan (alternative)
Johane (alternative)
Yoan (alternative)

(biblical) John (one of four persons of the Bible)

13th century, Fernão Rodrigues de Calheiros, [cantiga 1333]; republished as Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Italy, c. 1525–1526, cantiga 1333:

Have you seen the knight that said he was John Moniz? He was lying, for they discovered he was John Johannes and took him away. And he got lucky that day, because he was nearly hanged.

a male given name, equivalent to English John


Martin

Portuguese: Martim


Natal

Galician: Nadal

Portuguese: Natal (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin nātālis [diēs Dominī] (“birthday of the Lord”).


Porto

Portuguese: Porto


Tigre

Galician: Tigris

Portuguese: Tigre, Tígris

Tigres (alternative)
Tigris (alternative)

O terçeyro rrio he Tigre, et vay contra os de Asiria.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Xeral Historia [General Story], translation of General Estoria (in Old Spanish); republished as Ramón Martínez López, editor, General Estoria: versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, 1963, page 5:

Outroſi en aq̃la mẽeſma partida doriente. ſon vĩjnt ⁊ dous Rios prinçipaeſ. Et disẽll̃s aſi Cangus. Sogonto. Tiriantreſ. Eys. Camete. et eſte he onoueno. Et a eſte rrio vẽem tãtas marauillas q̃ntas nõ uẽem a / outrᵒ Rrio q̃ en eſte mũdo ſeia. Suſa. Cardaça. yrapes. Eriſoris. diapagias. Paccalus. Alibocra, Ariscus, Eleuſer. Auſonis. Tigris. Eriſus. Jordam.

1373 January 20, Fernán Martís, “Dos xij rrios Principaes que ſom em tr̃ra de Aſya” (chapter 367), in Cronica Troiana [Trojan Chronicle], translation of Roman de Troie by Benoît de Sainte-Maure, pages 145r–145v:


nostro

Galician: nostro (dialectal, proscribed)

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin nostrum, accusative of noster (“our”).

madre de deus noſtro ſennor

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 330 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/588small.gif] facsimile])


prato

Fala: pratu, platu

Galician: prato

Portuguese: prato (see there for further descendants)

Semi-learned borrowing from Vulgar Latin *plattus, borrowed from Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús), from Proto-Indo-European *pléth₂us, from *pleth₂- + *-us. Doublet of prata and *chato.

etymon

1435, A. López Carreira (ed.), Fragmentos de notarios, doc. E2-39

Davi's pan and dish were auctioned to the Master

Rematouse enno meestre a sartana e o prato de Davi por X

1459, A. López Carreira (ed.), Fragmentos de notarios, doc. D40a

Two barrels, four tin pitchers, two tin dishes and a wooden one … a cupboard with twenty-four cups and six wooden dishes, and three bowls for shucking and a funnel

Dous barriis, quatro pichees destano, dous pratos destano e hun de madeira … Hun conqeiro con viinte et quatro conqas et seys pratos de madeira, et tres malladeras et hun enbudo


como

Fala: cómu, comu, cumu

Galician: como, coma

Portuguese: como

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *kʷos
Proto-Italic *kʷoi
Latin quei
Latin quī
Latin quō
Proto-Indo-European *med-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *medos
Latin modus
Latin modō
Latin quōmodo
Latin cōmō̆
Old Galician-Portuguese como
From Latin cōmō̆, a non-literary form of quōmodo.

Como ſanta maria fez deſcobrir hũa poſta de carne que furtaran a uũs romeus na uila de Rocamador.


Inglaterra

Galician: Inglaterra

Portuguese: Inglaterra

From Medieval Latin Angliterra, a calque of Middle English Engelond, from Old English Engla land.

Anglaterra (alternative)
Englaterra (alternative)
Engraterra (alternative)
Ingraterra (alternative)
Jnglaterra (alternative)

Onde direi / un miragre que en engla terra / demoſtrou ſanta maria aque / nunca erra / poꝛ conuerter un / iudeu que prenderan ladꝛões / a que chagas grñdes deran e pois / toꝛçillões.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 85 (facsimile):

Where, shall I say, a miracle that, in England, demonstrated [the power of] Holy Mary, who ne'er errs, for converting a Jew that had imprisoned thieves that he greatly wounded and then wrenched.

Et de Jafet et dos seus lynages [sayrõ] outrosy os moytos rreys que rreynarõ [em] Rroma, et em España, et em Alamanya, et em França, et em [Jnglaterra], et ẽnas outras yslas de todaslas partidas de Europa et em cabo et em todo omũdo.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Xeral Historia [General Story], translation of General Estoria (in Old Spanish); republished as Ramón Martínez López, editor, General Estoria: versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Publicacións de Archivum, 1963, page 86:

And out of Japheth and his lineages [came] the many other kings who reigned [in] Rome and in Spain, Germany, France, in [England] and in other islands from all over Europe, in Cape, and in the entire world.

England (a medieval kingdom in Northern Europe; capital: Londres)


creatura

Galician: criatura

Portuguese: criatura

Derived from Late Latin creātūra, from Latin creō.


preso

head

preso m (plural presos, feminine presa, feminine plural presas)

presos (plural)
presa (feminine)
presas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin prehēnsus, from prehendō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰed-.


preso

Galician: preso

Portuguese: preso


florido

head

florido m (plural floridos, feminine florida, feminine plural floridas)

floridos (plural)
florida (feminine)
floridas (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin flōridus, from Latin flōreō + -idus. By surface analysis, flor + -ido.

etymon

Et nasçeo logo aly tãta erua que se fezo hũ prado de eruas floridas et que erã para comer.

1350, Alfonso X, Historia troiana; republished as Kelvin M. Parker, editor, Historia Troyana, Santiago: Instituto "Padre Sarmiento", 1975, page 30:

And so many herbs grew there that it became a field of flowering herbs that were good to eat.


nacer

Galician: nacer

Portuguese: nascer (see there for further descendants)

naçer (alternative)
nascer (alternative)

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 248 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/450small.gif] facsimile]):
a uirgen de que de(us) q(ui)so naçer dia de Natal.
The Virgin from whom God chose to be born on Christmas day.


planeta

Fala: planeta

Galician: planeta

Portuguese: planeta

Learned borrowing from Latin planēta, borrowed from Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planḗtēs), from πλανάω (planáō) + -της (-tēs). First attested in 1300.


doce

Fala: doci

Galician: doce

Portuguese: doce (see there for further descendants)

From Latin dulcem, accusative of dulcis (“sweet”).

[…] que ſon mais doceſ ca mel […]

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 278 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/498small.gif] facsimile]):


monte

desc

Galician: monte m, (through neuter plural) Somoza

Portuguese: monte m (see there for further descendants)


tomar

tomar (infinitive)
tomando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
tomado (masculine participle past singular)
tomados (masculine participle past plural)
tomada (feminine participle past singular)
tomadas (feminine participle past plural)
tomante (participle past present singular)
tomantes (participle past plural present)
tomo (present singular)
tomas (present singular)
toma (present singular)
tomamos (plural present)
tomades (plural present)
toman (plural present)
tomava (imperfect singular)
tomavas (imperfect singular)
tomavamos (imperfect plural)
tomávamos (imperfect plural)
tomavades (imperfect plural)
tomávades (imperfect plural)
tomavan (imperfect plural)
tomei (preterite singular)
tomaste (preterite singular)
tomasche (preterite singular)
tomache (preterite singular)
tomou (preterite singular)
tomamos (plural preterite)
tomastes (plural preterite)
tomaron (plural preterite)
tomara (pluperfect singular)
tomaras (pluperfect singular)
tomaramos (pluperfect plural)
tomáramos (pluperfect plural)
tomarades (pluperfect plural)
tomárades (pluperfect plural)
tomaran (pluperfect plural)
tomarei (future singular)
tomarás (future singular)
tomará (future singular)
tomaremos (future plural)
tomaredes (future plural)
tomarán (future plural)
tomaria (conditional singular)
tomarias (conditional singular)
tomariamos (conditional plural)
tomaríamos (conditional plural)
tomariades (conditional plural)
tomaríades (conditional plural)
tomarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tome (present singular)
tomes (present singular)
tomemos (plural present)
tomedes (plural present)
tomen (plural present)
tomasse (imperfect singular)
tomasses (imperfect singular)
tomassemos (imperfect plural)
tomássemos (imperfect plural)
tomassedes (imperfect plural)
tomássedes (imperfect plural)
tomassen (imperfect plural)
tomar (future singular)
tomares (future singular)
tomarmos (future plural)
tomardes (future plural)
tomaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
toma (singular)
tomemos (plural)
tomade (plural)
non tomes (negative singular)
non tomemos (negative plural)
non tomedes (negative plural)
tomar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
tomares (infinitive personal singular)
tomar (infinitive personal singular)
tomarmos (infinitive personal plural)
tomardes (infinitive personal plural)
tomaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: tomar

Portuguese: tomar

e logo chegar..a alma tomar demões q̇ a leuarõ. mui toſte ſẽ tardar

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 26 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/099.html] facsimile])

and soon devils arrived, seizing the soul and took it very quickly without delay


strela

Santa maria / ſtrela do dia / moſtra nos uia / pera deus ⁊ nos guia.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 100 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/217small.gif] facsimile])

Holy Mary, / star of the daytime; / show us the way / towards God, and guide us.


jantar

jantares (plural)
iãtar (alternative)
iantar (alternative)
jãtar (alternative)
yantar (alternative)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *iantāre, from Latin ientō, from ieientō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yaǵ-.
Cognate with Old Spanish yantar.

etymon

dardes cada ano abbadesa do sobredito moesteyro un jantar neste guisa sosu[dita dar]desnos dous carneyros boos e tres cabritos e V galinnas e pan de centeo que auonde a nosa conpana e V teegas de çeuada por teega [dereita e] se for en inuerno dardesnos para este jantar un porco boo que ualea un mr. de boa moeda e tres cabritos e V galinnas

1287, “El monasterio de San Salvador de Sobrado de Trives”, in E. Duro Peña, editor, Archivos Leoneses, 21, 49, page 72:

you'll give this monastery's abbess a "dinner" each year in this way: two good rams and three kids and five hens and rye bread enough for our retinue and 5 bushels of barley, correctly measured; and if it happens to be winter you'll give us for this "dinner" a good pig, valued in three maravedis of good coinage, and three kids and five hens

a food contribution or tax paid to a visiting lord or lord's representative


jantar

jantar (infinitive)
jantando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
jantado (masculine participle past singular)
jantados (masculine participle past plural)
jantada (feminine participle past singular)
jantadas (feminine participle past plural)
jantante (participle past present singular)
jantantes (participle past plural present)
janto (present singular)
jantas (present singular)
janta (present singular)
jantamos (plural present)
jantades (plural present)
jantan (plural present)
jantava (imperfect singular)
jantavas (imperfect singular)
jantavamos (imperfect plural)
jantávamos (imperfect plural)
jantavades (imperfect plural)
jantávades (imperfect plural)
jantavan (imperfect plural)
jantei (preterite singular)
jantaste (preterite singular)
jantasche (preterite singular)
jantache (preterite singular)
jantou (preterite singular)
jantamos (plural preterite)
jantastes (plural preterite)
jantaron (plural preterite)
jantara (pluperfect singular)
jantaras (pluperfect singular)
jantaramos (pluperfect plural)
jantáramos (pluperfect plural)
jantarades (pluperfect plural)
jantárades (pluperfect plural)
jantaran (pluperfect plural)
jantarei (future singular)
jantarás (future singular)
jantará (future singular)
jantaremos (future plural)
jantaredes (future plural)
jantarán (future plural)
jantaria (conditional singular)
jantarias (conditional singular)
jantariamos (conditional plural)
jantaríamos (conditional plural)
jantariades (conditional plural)
jantaríades (conditional plural)
jantarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
jante (present singular)
jantes (present singular)
jantemos (plural present)
jantedes (plural present)
janten (plural present)
jantasse (imperfect singular)
jantasses (imperfect singular)
jantassemos (imperfect plural)
jantássemos (imperfect plural)
jantassedes (imperfect plural)
jantássedes (imperfect plural)
jantassen (imperfect plural)
jantar (future singular)
jantares (future singular)
jantarmos (future plural)
jantardes (future plural)
jantaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
janta (singular)
jantemos (plural)
jantade (plural)
non jantes (negative singular)
non jantemos (negative plural)
non jantedes (negative plural)
jantar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
jantares (infinitive personal singular)
jantar (infinitive personal singular)
jantarmos (infinitive personal plural)
jantardes (infinitive personal plural)
jantaren (infinitive personal plural)
iãtar (alternative)
iantar (alternative)
jãtar (alternative)
yantar (alternative)

Galician: xantar, xentar

Portuguese: jantar, jentar, jintar (see there for further descendants)


aprender

Galician: aprender

Portuguese: aprender

Inherited from Latin apprendere, alternative form of apprehendere.

(transitive, intransitive) to learn (to get knowledge)


cras

Galician: crás (archaic)

Portuguese: crás (archaic)

con tigo non comerei out[ra] vez / ſe cras mige cõ meu p[adre] non quiſeres yr iãntar.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 353 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/631small.gif] facsimile])

I shall not eat with you again unless you will go to dine with me and my Father tomorrow.


novo

head

novo m (plural novos, feminine nova, feminine plural novas)

novos (plural)
nova (feminine)
novas (feminine plural)

Fala: novu

Galician: novo

Portuguese: novo (see there for further descendants)


á

Fala: a

Galician: a

Portuguese: a

Eſta ·xviiii· é como ſṫa maria aiudou · á emperadriꝣ de roma · a ſofrer as grãdes coitaſ per que paſſou.
This 19th is (about) how Holy Mary helped · the empress of Rome · suffer through the great pains she underwent.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 5 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob018.gif] facsimile])


planta

Galician: planta

Portuguese: planta

Derived from Latin planta, from Proto-Italic *plāntā, from Proto-Indo-European *pléh₂-n̥t-eh₂, from *pleh₂- (“flat”). Cognate with Old Spanish planta.

(botany) plant (an organism of the kingdom Plantae)


Palestina

Fala: Palestina

Galician: Palestina

Portuguese: Palestina (see there for further descendants)

Learned borrowing from Latin Palaestīna, borrowed from Ancient Greek Παλαιστίνη (Palaistínē).

etymon

Palestine (a historical region and province of the Roman Empire in Levant, Asia)


auga

Galician: auga

Portuguese: auga


pano

Galician: pano

Portuguese: pano


ancho

Galician: ancho

Portuguese: ancho

Pois a Catiua eſperta. / foi achouſſ en űu camỹo / ancho ⁊ chão ſen pedras / ⁊ andou o mui feſtỹno

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, 325 cantiga Cantiga 325 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/579.html] facsimile])

So the smart captive / went and found herself in a path, / ample and flat, without rocks, / and walked through it very quickly.


parente

head

parente m (plural parentes, feminine parenta, feminine plural parentas)

parentes (plural)
parenta (feminine)
parentas (feminine plural)
parẽte (alternative)

Fala: parente

Galician: parente

Portuguese: parente (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin parēns, from pariō, from Proto-Italic *parjō, from Proto-Indo-European *perh₃-.

etymon

Desý ouueron moy bon uẽto, cõ que entrarõ a alto mar, Et espedírõsse de todos seus amjgos et de todos seus parẽtes.

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 250:

Thenceforth they had very good wind, with which they entered the high sea, and they said goodbye to all of their friends and relatives

por min ou por los ditos meus yrmãaos por quanto eles et eu eramos et somos os parentes mas propincos que o dito Juan da Pedreira avia.

1433, Á. Rodríguez González & J. Armas Castro (eds.), Minutario notarial de Pontevedra (1433-1435). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 17

for me or for said brothers of mine, because they and I were and are the closest relatives that said Xoán da Pedreira had


allur

Portuguese: alhur

Portuguese: alhures

Unknown. Likely from Latin aliorsum, maybe via Old Occitan.

⁊ eles lle reſponderon / atal allur a catade.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 335 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/599.gif] facsimile])

And they answered him: / go seek her elsewhere.


demanda

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

third-person singular present indicative of demandar


cama

Galician: cama

Portuguese: cama (see there for further descendants)

From Late Latin cama, first attested in Isidore. Likely a borrowing from an Iberian substrate.


outro

Galician: outro

Portuguese: outro

Inherited from Latin alterum (“the other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élteros (“the other of two”).
Cognate with Old French altre and Old Spanish otro.

inh

María Negra vi eu, en outro día, / ir rabialçada per ũa carreira; / e preguntei-a, como ía senlheira, / e por aqueste nome que havía. / E disse-m'ela'ntón: «Hei nom'assí / por aqueste sinal con que nací, / que trago negro come ũa caldeira».

c. 13th century, Pero Garcia Burgalês, “María Negra vi eu, en outro día”, in Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Italy, published 1526, page 1382, lines 1–7:

I saw Black Mary the other day, walking sassyly down the road; and I asked her why she walked alone and why she had that name. And then she told me: "I have this name because of this mark that I was born with, which is black like a cauldron".


Jesu

Galician: Xesús

desctree

Portuguese: Jesus, Gzuis
→ Japanese: ゼス, ゼズス
→ Old Tupi: Îesu

From Latin Iēsūs, from Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), from Hebrew ישוע (y'hoshúa).


leve

Galician: leve

Portuguese: leve

Inherited from Latin levis, from Proto-Italic *leɣʷis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁léngʰus, from *h₁lengʷʰ- + *-us. Doublet of lheu.
Cognate with Old Spanish lieve.


leve

first/third-person singular present subjunctive

inflection of levar:
third-person singular imperative


terreo

terreos (plural)
tarreo (alternative)
terrẽo (alternative)
terreno (alternative)

Fala: terrenu

desc

Galician: terreo, tarrén, tarreo, tarreu

Portuguese: terreno (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin terrēnus, from Proto-Indo-European *ters-.

etymon

Outrosy mandamos que o dicto martin bezerra et sua moller façan outra porta a a dicta casa noua en a outra quadra via de de çima en o chaao, et que non aia altura nehuna do terreo, et que seia ancha tanto por que posa entrar longura de hun tonel a traues, et de altura por que posa entrar un ome ençima de hun caualo, et que non seia ferrada de ferro, saluo palmelas et golfoos pertenesçentes.

1395, Miguel González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 556:

Otherwise, we command that the aforementioned Martin Becerra and his wife should made another gate in this new house, in the other square, in the ground level, which should not have any elevation over the ground; it should be wide enough to enter a barrel in long, and high enough for a mounted man, and it should have not iron reinforcements with the exception of the needed leaves and pins [of the hinges]

et outros dous terreos na cortiña do Torno, que jaz hun deles a caron d'outro de Rodrigo Ares da Presa

1413, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El priorato benedictino de San Vicenzo de Pombeiro y su colección diplomática en la Edad Media, Sada / A Coruña: Ediciós do Castro, page 140:

and another two plots in the garden of Torno; one of them alongside another one which belongs to Rodrigo Ares da Presa


ceo

Fala: ceu

Galician: ceo

Portuguese: céu (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin caelum (“sky”). Cognate with Old Spanish cielo, Old Occitan cel and Old French ciel.

Como un tafur tirou con hũa baeſta hũa seeta cõtra o ceo con ſanna p̈ q̇ pdera. p̃ q̃ cuidaua q̇ firia a deos o.ſ.M̃.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 154 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/296.html] facsimile])

How a gambler shot, with a crossbow, a bolt at the sky, wrathful because he had lost. Because he wanted it to wound God or Holy Mary.

Subiu ao ceo. o fillo / de deꝯ. por dar paray.ſaos amigoˢ ſeꝯ

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 426 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob097.gif] facsimile])

Ascended to heaven, the son of God. For giving paradise to his friends.


alfalfa

Galician: alfalfa, alforfa

Portuguese: alfafa

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁eḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćwas
Proto-Iranian *Hácwah
Proto-Iranian *Hástiš
Proto-Iranian *HacwaHastiš
Old Median *aspāstišder.
Arabic فَصْفَص (faṣfaṣ)bor.
Old Galician-Portuguese alfalfa
Borrowed from Arabic الْفَصْفَصَة (al-faṣfaṣa).
Cognate with Old Catalan alfalç and Old Spanish alfalfez.

bor+

الْفَصْفَصَة

Et melior adiual de alfarfa ualeat quatuor denarios. Et melior solla de alfarfa ualeat tres denarios.

[1253 December 26, [Reinado de Affonso III] (in Latin); republished as Portugaliae Monumenta Historica, volume I, Lisbon: Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, 1856, page 195:

Da carrerga de sparto, e de baraços dalfalfa, e de soltas quatro dinheiros do maravide da boa moeda, que som per esta moeda dous mil dinheiros, que som oyto libras e sseys soldos e oito dinheiros, que som dous reaes de tres meia e biinte seis soldos e oito dinheiros.

1335, [Foros de Beja]; republished as Collecção de ineditos de historia portugueza, volume V, Lisbon: Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, 1790, page 534:

Medicago sativa
Medicago sativa#Translingual


mercado

Fala: mercau

Galician: mercado

Portuguese: mercado
→ Hunsrik: Mërkaat

Inherited from Latin mercātus, from mercor + -tus. By surface analysis, mercar + -ado.

etymon

marketplace (open area in a town housing a public market)


cobrar

cobrar (infinitive)
cobrando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
cobrado (masculine participle past singular)
cobrados (masculine participle past plural)
cobrada (feminine participle past singular)
cobradas (feminine participle past plural)
cobrante (participle past present singular)
cobrantes (participle past plural present)
cobro (present singular)
cobras (present singular)
cobra (present singular)
cobramos (plural present)
cobrades (plural present)
cobran (plural present)
cobrava (imperfect singular)
cobravas (imperfect singular)
cobravamos (imperfect plural)
cobrávamos (imperfect plural)
cobravades (imperfect plural)
cobrávades (imperfect plural)
cobravan (imperfect plural)
cobrei (preterite singular)
cobraste (preterite singular)
cobrasche (preterite singular)
cobrache (preterite singular)
cobrou (preterite singular)
cobramos (plural preterite)
cobrastes (plural preterite)
cobraron (plural preterite)
cobrara (pluperfect singular)
cobraras (pluperfect singular)
cobraramos (pluperfect plural)
cobráramos (pluperfect plural)
cobrarades (pluperfect plural)
cobrárades (pluperfect plural)
cobraran (pluperfect plural)
cobrarei (future singular)
cobrarás (future singular)
cobrará (future singular)
cobraremos (future plural)
cobraredes (future plural)
cobrarán (future plural)
cobraria (conditional singular)
cobrarias (conditional singular)
cobrariamos (conditional plural)
cobraríamos (conditional plural)
cobrariades (conditional plural)
cobraríades (conditional plural)
cobrarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
cobre (present singular)
cobres (present singular)
cobremos (plural present)
cobredes (plural present)
cobren (plural present)
cobrasse (imperfect singular)
cobrasses (imperfect singular)
cobrassemos (imperfect plural)
cobrássemos (imperfect plural)
cobrassedes (imperfect plural)
cobrássedes (imperfect plural)
cobrassen (imperfect plural)
cobrar (future singular)
cobrares (future singular)
cobrarmos (future plural)
cobrardes (future plural)
cobraren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
cobra (singular)
cobremos (plural)
cobrade (plural)
non cobres (negative singular)
non cobremos (negative plural)
non cobredes (negative plural)
cobrar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
cobrares (infinitive personal singular)
cobrar (infinitive personal singular)
cobrarmos (infinitive personal plural)
cobrardes (infinitive personal plural)
cobraren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: cobrar

Portuguese: cobrar

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *cuperāre (“take, seize”), a back-formation from Latin recuperāre (“recover, regain”), whence recobrar.

inh+

Eſta é de como ſanta maria fez cobrar a Theophilo a carta que fezera cono demo u ſe tornou ſeu vaſſalo.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 3 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/057.html] facsimile])

This one is (about) how Holy Mary recovered for Theophilos the contract he had made with the Devil and became his vassal.


cortina

cortinas (plural)
cortinha (alternative also common)

Galician: cortina, curtiña

Portuguese: cortina

From Late Latin cōrtīna (“curtain”).
The form with /ɲ/ ⟨nh⟩ represents the regular native outcome. The form with ⟨n⟩ /n/ appears to reflect influence either from Old Spanish cortina or the original Latin. Either way, it provided a means of avoiding homophony with etymology 2.

1326, López Ferreiro, Antonio (ed.): Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica. page 295

I bequeath this bed of mine as it is, together with its bedding, curtains, and canopy

mando esta mia cama assy como iaz con sous panos et con suas cortinas et ceo


cortina

alternative form of cortinha (“plot of land”)


seu

head

seu m (plural seus, feminine sa, feminine plural sas)

seus (plural)
sa (feminine)
sas (feminine plural)

Third-person singular possessive determiner.

his (belonging to, associated with, related to, or in the possession of him)

Eſta e como ſanta Maria liurou a Abadeſſa prenne q̇ adormecera anto ſeu Altar chorando.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 7 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/069.html] facsimile])

This one is about how Holy Mary acquitted the pregnant abbess who had fallen asleep crying in front of her altar.

her (belonging to, associated with, related to, or in the possession of her)

Third-person plural possessive determiner.


seu

Fala: sei

Galician: seu

Portuguese: seu

Third-person singular possessive pronoun.

his (that or those belonging to, associated with, related to, or in the possession of him)

hers (that or those belonging to, associated with, related to, or in the possession of her)

theirs (that or those belonging to, associated with, related to, or in the possession of them)


crecer

Galician: crecer

Portuguese: crescer


Londres

Galician: Londres

Portuguese: Londres

Borrowed from Old French Londres, possibly from Old English Lunden, possibly from Latin Londinium. First attested in 1295.

etymon

Ent̃tãto paris cõ ſuas cõpañas cõbatiaſe moỹ feram̃t cõ a caualaria de londr̃s.

1373 January 20, Fernán Martís, “Agora leira o cõto de falar deſto. Por cõtar da ſoprena XX batalla” (chapter 355), in Cronica Troiana [Trojan Chronicle], translation of Roman de Troie by Benoît de Sainte-Maure, page 140v:

London (the capital city of the modern United Kingdom; the capital city of England)


perna

Fala: perna, pelna

Galician: perna

Portuguese: perna (see there for further descendants)


declarar

Galician: declarar

Portuguese: declarar


reino

Fala: reinu

Galician: reino

Portuguese: reino

Como ſanta maria de Terena q̇ e no Reino de Portugal, reſſucitou hũa menỹa morta.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 224 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/404.html] facsimile])

How Holy Mary of Terena, which is in the Kingdom of Portugal, revived a dead girl.


nariz

Galician: nariz

desctree

Portuguese: nariz
Kabuverdianu: nariz
Kristang: nares

Inherited from Late Latin nārīcem f, ultimately derived from Latin nāris. Compare Old Spanish nariz f.

nose (a protuberance on the face housing the nostrils, which are used to breathe or smell)