de

Fala: de

Galician: de

Portuguese: de

Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *dē
Latin dē
Old Galician-Portuguese de
Inherited from Latin dē, from Proto-Italic *dē.

etymon

Eſta ·xviiii· é como ſṫa maria aiudou · á emperadriz de roma · a ſofrer as grãdes coitaſ per que paſſou.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 5 ([[https://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob018.gif] facsimile])

This 19th is how Holy Mary helped the empress of Rome suffer the great pains she underwent.


color

Galician: color


en

Fala: en

Galician: en

Portuguese: em

From Latin in (“in”), from Proto-Italic *en, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”).

[C]omo hũa moller q̇ iogaua os dados en pulla lançou hũa pedra aa omagen de ſṫa maṙi[a] poꝛ q̇ perdera ⁊ parou un angeo de pedra que y eſtaua a mão ⁊ reçibiu o colpe.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 294 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/524small.gif] facsimile])

How a woman who was playing dice in Apulia threw a stone at the statue of Holy Mary because she had lost, and an angel of stone which was there reached out its hand and received the blow.


can

Galician: can

Portuguese: cão

From Latin canem (“dog”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”).

13th century, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Alfonso X of Castile, B 476: Non quer'eu donzela fea (facsimile)

I do not want an ugly maiden, as hairy as a dog

Non quereu donzela fea / E ueloſa come cam


o

Galician: o

Portuguese: o

From earlier lo, la, from Latin illum, illam (the initial l having disappeared; compare Spanish lo and la).

Esta é como Santa Maria acrecentou o vinho no tonel, por amor da bõa dona de Bretanha.

13th Century - Cantiga de Santa Maria no. 23

This is how Holy Mary added the wine to the barrel, out of love for the good lady of Britain;

Esta é como Santa Maria tolheu a agua da fonte ao cavaleiro.

13th Century - Cantiga de Santa Maria no. 48

This is how Holy Mary restricted the water of the fountain from the knight.

the (masculine singular definite article)


estar

estar (infinitive)
estando (gerund)
gerund of haver + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
estado (masculine participle past singular)
estante (participle past present singular)
estantes (participle past plural present)
estou (present singular)
estás (present singular)
está (present singular)
estamos (plural present)
estades (plural present)
estan (plural present)
estava (imperfect singular)
estavas (imperfect singular)
estavamos (imperfect plural)
estávamos (imperfect plural)
estavades (imperfect plural)
estávades (imperfect plural)
estavan (imperfect plural)
estede (preterite singular)
esteve (preterite singular)
estive (preterite singular)
estedeste (preterite singular)
esteveste (preterite singular)
estoveste (preterite singular)
estedo (preterite singular)
estevo (preterite singular)
estedemos (plural preterite)
estevemos (plural preterite)
estovemos (plural preterite)
estedestes (plural preterite)
esteveste (plural preterite)
estoveste (plural preterite)
estederon (plural preterite)
esteveron (plural preterite)
estoveron (plural preterite)
estedera (pluperfect singular)
estevera (pluperfect singular)
estovera (pluperfect singular)
estederas (pluperfect singular)
esteveras (pluperfect singular)
estoveras (pluperfect singular)
estederamos (pluperfect plural)
estedéramos (pluperfect plural)
esteveramos (pluperfect plural)
estevéramos (pluperfect plural)
estoveramos (pluperfect plural)
estovéramos (pluperfect plural)
estederades (pluperfect plural)
estedérades (pluperfect plural)
esteverades (pluperfect plural)
estevérades (pluperfect plural)
estoverades (pluperfect plural)
estovérades (pluperfect plural)
estederan (pluperfect plural)
esteveran (pluperfect plural)
estoveran (pluperfect plural)
estarei (future singular)
estarás (future singular)
estará (future singular)
estaremos (future plural)
estaredes (future plural)
estarán (future plural)
estaria (conditional singular)
estarias (conditional singular)
estariamos (conditional plural)
estaríamos (conditional plural)
estariades (conditional plural)
estaríades (conditional plural)
estarian (conditional plural)
present of haver + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
future of haver + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
esté (present singular)
estea (present singular)
estia (present singular)
estês (present singular)
esteas (present singular)
estias (present singular)
estemos (plural present)
esteamos (plural present)
estiamos (plural present)
estedes (plural present)
esteades (plural present)
estiades (plural present)
estên (plural present)
estean (plural present)
estian (plural present)
estedesse (imperfect singular)
estevesse (imperfect singular)
estovesse (imperfect singular)
estedesses (imperfect singular)
estevesses (imperfect singular)
estovesses (imperfect singular)
estedessemos (imperfect plural)
estedéssemos (imperfect plural)
estevessemos (imperfect plural)
estevéssemos (imperfect plural)
estovessemos (imperfect plural)
estovéssemos (imperfect plural)
estedessedes (imperfect plural)
estedéssedes (imperfect plural)
estevessedes (imperfect plural)
estevéssedes (imperfect plural)
estovessedes (imperfect plural)
estovéssedes (imperfect plural)
estedessen (imperfect plural)
estevessen (imperfect plural)
estovessen (imperfect plural)
esteder (future singular)
estever (future singular)
estover (future singular)
estederes (future singular)
esteveres (future singular)
estoveres (future singular)
estedermos (future plural)
estevermos (future plural)
estovermos (future plural)
estederdes (future plural)
esteverdes (future plural)
estoverdes (future plural)
estederen (future plural)
esteveren (future plural)
estoveren (future plural)
está (singular)
estemos (plural)
esteamos (plural)
estiamos (plural)
estade (plural)
non estês (negative singular)
non esteas (negative singular)
non estias (negative singular)
non estemos (negative plural)
non esteamos (negative plural)
non estiamos (negative plural)
non estedes (negative plural)
non esteades (negative plural)
non estiades (negative plural)
estar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
estares (infinitive personal singular)
estar (infinitive personal singular)
estarmos (infinitive personal plural)
estardes (infinitive personal plural)
estaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: estar

Portuguese: estar

From Latin stāre (“stand”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.


guerra

Fala: guerra

Galician: guerra

Portuguese: guerra

Locally attested since 1019, in Latin charters.
Inherited from Early Medieval Latin werra, borrowed from Frankish *werru, from Proto-West Germanic *werran + *-u. Doublet of varrer.


Israel

Galician: Israel

Portuguese: Israel (see there for further descendants)

Learned borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin Israel, borrowed from Koine Greek Ἰσρᾱήλ (Isrāḗl), borrowed from Biblical Hebrew יִשְׂרָאֵל.

Irael (alternative)
Irrael (alternative)
Isrrael (alternative)
Jsrrael (alternative)
Yrrael (alternative)
Ysrael (alternative)

(biblical) Israel (a Biblical region of Western Asia roughly coextensive with the modern State of Israel, known in the Bible as the Land of Israel and considered the ancestral homeland of the Jewish people)

(biblical) Israel (another name for Jacob)


Armenia

Contaria uos de Dur— as mui grandes toꝛmẽtas que ſofreu no mar de Sur o Moço . ca trezentas . millas coꝛreu ſen nenllur folgar . ou quatrocentas . ou q̇netas . ſen ancoꝛa deitarẽ nẽ chegaren . a tr̄a darmenia

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 115 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/239.html] facsimile])

I could hardly tell you about how much the boy suffered in the South Sea, [he] who traversed three hundred miles without ever resting, or four hundred or five hundred, before dropping anchor and reaching the land of Armenia.

Armenia (an ancient Armenian kingdom in eastern Anatolia, in modern eastern Turkey and Armenia)


Portugal

Fala: Portugal

Galician: Portugal

Portuguese: Portugal (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin Portucale < Portus Cale, former name of what is now the city of Vila Nova de Gaia.

Portogal (alternative)
Portugale (alternative)

eu rei don afonſo pela gracia de deuſ rei de portugal. ſeendo ſano e ſaluo temẽte o dia de mia morte […]

1214, Afonso II of Portugal, Testamento de Afonso II [The will of King Afonso II of Portugal]:

I, King Afonso, by the grace of God king of Portugal, being safe and sound, fearing the day of my death […]

Como ſanta maria de Terena q̇ e no Reino de Portugal, reſſucitou hũa menỹa morta.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 224 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/404.html] facsimile]):

How Holy Mary of Terena, which is in the Kingdom of Portugal, resurrected a dead girl.

Portugal (a medieval kingdom in Southern Europe)


amigo

head

amigo m (plural amigos, feminine amiga, feminine plural amigas)

amigos (plural)
amiga (feminine)
amigas (feminine plural)
amig' (alternative)

Galician: amigo

Portuguese: amigo

From Latin amīcus (“friend; friendly”), from amō (“I love”) + -icus.

Mvito foi noſſamigo / gabriel quando diſſe / maria deus e tigo.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 210 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/383small.gif] facsimile])

Gabriel was our true friend when he said: "Mary, God is with you".

13th century, Vindel manuscript, Martín Codax, Ondas do mar de Vigo (facsimile)

Waves of the sea of Vigo / Have you seen my lover? / Oh God, will he return soon?

Ondas do mar de uigo / ſe uiſtes meu amigo. / E ay deꝯ ſe uerra cedo.


amar

amar (infinitive)
amando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
amado (masculine participle past singular)
amados (masculine participle past plural)
amada (feminine participle past singular)
amadas (feminine participle past plural)
amante (participle past present singular)
amantes (participle past plural present)
amo (present singular)
amas (present singular)
ama (present singular)
amamos (plural present)
amades (plural present)
aman (plural present)
amava (imperfect singular)
amavas (imperfect singular)
amavamos (imperfect plural)
amávamos (imperfect plural)
amavades (imperfect plural)
amávades (imperfect plural)
amavan (imperfect plural)
amei (preterite singular)
amaste (preterite singular)
amasche (preterite singular)
amache (preterite singular)
amou (preterite singular)
amamos (plural preterite)
amastes (plural preterite)
amaron (plural preterite)
amara (pluperfect singular)
amaras (pluperfect singular)
amaramos (pluperfect plural)
amáramos (pluperfect plural)
amarades (pluperfect plural)
amárades (pluperfect plural)
amaran (pluperfect plural)
amarei (future singular)
amarás (future singular)
amará (future singular)
amaremos (future plural)
amaredes (future plural)
amarán (future plural)
amaria (conditional singular)
amarias (conditional singular)
amariamos (conditional plural)
amaríamos (conditional plural)
amariades (conditional plural)
amaríades (conditional plural)
amarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
ame (present singular)
ames (present singular)
amemos (plural present)
amedes (plural present)
amen (plural present)
amasse (imperfect singular)
amasses (imperfect singular)
amassemos (imperfect plural)
amássemos (imperfect plural)
amassedes (imperfect plural)
amássedes (imperfect plural)
amassen (imperfect plural)
amar (future singular)
amares (future singular)
amarmos (future plural)
amardes (future plural)
amaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
ama (singular)
amemos (plural)
amade (plural)
non ames (negative singular)
non amemos (negative plural)
non amedes (negative plural)
amar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
amares (infinitive personal singular)
amar (infinitive personal singular)
amarmos (infinitive personal plural)
amardes (infinitive personal plural)
amaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: amar

Portuguese: amar


dar

dar (infinitive)
dando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
dado (masculine participle past singular)
dados (masculine participle past plural)
dada (feminine participle past singular)
dadas (feminine participle past plural)
dante (participle past present singular)
dantes (participle past plural present)
dou (present singular)
don (present singular)
dás (present singular)
dá (present singular)
damos (plural present)
dades (plural present)
dan (plural present)
dava (imperfect singular)
davas (imperfect singular)
davamos (imperfect plural)
dávamos (imperfect plural)
davades (imperfect plural)
dávades (imperfect plural)
davan (imperfect plural)
dei (preterite singular)
di (preterite singular)
din (preterite singular)
deste (preterite singular)
diste (preterite singular)
desche (preterite singular)
dische (preterite singular)
deche (preterite singular)
diche (preterite singular)
déu (preterite singular)
dou (preterite singular)
déo (preterite singular)
demos (plural preterite)
destes (plural preterite)
deron (plural preterite)
dera (pluperfect singular)
deras (pluperfect singular)
deramos (pluperfect plural)
déramos (pluperfect plural)
derades (pluperfect plural)
dérades (pluperfect plural)
deran (pluperfect plural)
darei (future singular)
darás (future singular)
dará (future singular)
daremos (future plural)
daredes (future plural)
darán (future plural)
daria (conditional singular)
darias (conditional singular)
dariamos (conditional plural)
daríamos (conditional plural)
dariades (conditional plural)
daríades (conditional plural)
dirian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
dé (present singular)
dê (present singular)
dea (present singular)
dia (present singular)
dês (present singular)
deas (present singular)
dias (present singular)
demos (plural present)
deamos (plural present)
diamos (plural present)
dedes (plural present)
deades (plural present)
diades (plural present)
den (plural present)
dean (plural present)
dian (plural present)
desse (imperfect singular)
desses (imperfect singular)
dessemos (imperfect plural)
déssemos (imperfect plural)
dessedes (imperfect plural)
déssedes (imperfect plural)
dessen (imperfect plural)
der (future singular)
deres (future singular)
dermos (future plural)
derdes (future plural)
deren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
dá (singular)
demos (plural)
deamos (plural)
diamos (plural)
dade (plural)
non dês (negative singular)
non deas (negative singular)
non dias (negative singular)
non demos (negative plural)
non deamos (negative plural)
non diamos (negative plural)
non dedes (negative plural)
non deades (negative plural)
non diades (negative plural)
dar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
dares (infinitive personal singular)
dar (infinitive personal singular)
darmos (infinitive personal plural)
dardes (infinitive personal plural)
daren (infinitive personal plural)

Fala: dal

Galician: dar

Portuguese: dar (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin dare, from Proto-Italic *didō, from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti, from the root *deh₃- (“give”).

damus e outorgamus a uos[…]Ia leyra derdade que abemus en Eires como departe pe-la leyra do casal de Cima de Villa en o qual mora Domingo Eanes, e da outra parte pe-los marcos que y estan chantados, e da outra parte pe-la careyra, e da outra parte pe-la pedra que esta en fondo desta leira; conuen a saber que vos fazades esta leira Ia cassa pera lagar e non fazades en ela outra casa nenuna nen poombal, nen tolades o carril da uila

1277, “San Pedro de Ramirás. Un monasterio femenino en la Edad Media. Colección Diplomática”, in Manuel Lucas Alvarez, Pedro Pablo Lucas Domínguez, editors, Liceo franciscano: revista de estudio e investigación, volume 42, numbers 124–126 (overall work in Spanish), Santiago: Caixa Galicia, published 1989, →ISSN, page 411:

we give and grant you a field that we have in Eires, as it departs from the farm of Cimadevila where Domigo Eanes lives, in the other side by the boundary stones that are thrusted there, in the other side by the road, and in the other side by the rock that is at the end of this field; and you shall build in this field a winery, but you should not build there any other house or dovecote, nor should you occupy the road to the village

dardes cada ano abbadesa do sobredito moesteyro un jantar neste guisa sosu[dita dar]desnos dous carneyros boos e tres cabritos e V galinnas e pan de centeo que auonde a nosa conpana e V teegas de çeuada por teega [dereita e] se for en inuerno dardesnos para este jantar un porco boo que ualea un mr. de boa moeda e tres cabritos e V galinnas

1287, “El monasterio de San Salvador de Sobrado de Trives”, in E. Duro Peña, editor, Archivos Leoneses, 21, 49, page 72:

You shall give this monastery’s abbess a dinner each year in this way: two good rams and three kids and five hens and rye bread enough for our retinue and 5 bushels of barley, correctly measured; and if it happens to be winter you shall give us for this dinner a good pig, valued in three maravedis of good coinage, and three kids and five hens.

Poys vꝮ nõ derõ hy orto

13th century, Pero Gomes Barroso, [Pero Lourenço, comprastes]; republished as Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Italy, c. 1525–1526, cantiga 1441:

Because no one gave you a vegetable garden there.

Iten, Johán Cortido, vesiño da çidade d’Ourense, et sua ama diseron, por lo dito juramento que feito avyan, que omes de Aluaro de Taboa[da] que lle lleuaron e tomaron do seu lugar de Casa Noua sete mantas e hun alfamare e tres sabaas de cama et hun pano de cabeça et quatro toucas et hun sodario et viinte e duas maranas de fiado delgado et seys bincos de prata et huas doas de viinte pares de doas et hun leitón, por que lle dauan dosentos mrs, et seys sacos et dous coitellos de mesa et çen mrs vellos en diñeiros, et tres capilejos et dous vntos, et dous legóos nouos et hun espeto et hua fouçe et hun caldeiro de cobre et hun manto vermello et hua sabaa, e que todo lle tomaran e que a apancaran e que a encheran de couçes

1448, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros, Vigo: Galaxia, page 295:

Item, Xoán Cortido, citizen of the city of Ourense, and his housekeeper, told, under the oath that they had done, that men of Álvaro de Taboada took from them and took in their place of Casa Nova: seven blankets, a quilt, three bedsheets, a cloth for the head, and four shawls and a shroud and twenty two skeins of thin yarn and six silver earrings and twenty pairs of beads and a sucking piglet, for which they would give two hundred maravedis, and six bags and two table knives and a hundred old maravedis in coins, and three coifs and two lards, and two new hoes and a roasting skewer and a sickle and a copper cauldron and a red robe and a sheet, and that all this they took and that they beat her up and filled her with kicks.


sol

Fala: sol

Galician: sol

Portuguese: sol (see there for further descendants)

From Latin sōl, sōlem (“sun”), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”).

Eſta primeira é de comel fez ó çeo. ⁊ á terra. ⁊ ó mar ⁊ o ſol. ⁊ á lũa. ⁊ as eſtrelas ⁊ todalas outras couſas q̇ ſon. ⁊ como fez ó ome áſa ſemellança

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 423 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob095small.gif] facsimile])

This first one is (about) how He made the heaven, and the earth, and the sea, and the sun, and the moon, and the stars, and everything else that exists. And how (He) made man in His own likeness.


sol

third-person singular present indicative of soer


el

fugiu con el a Egipto. terra de Reẏ Faraon.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 14 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/080.html] facsimile])

ran away with him to Egypt, land of the Pharaoh king.


non

Fala: non

Galician: non

Portuguese: não

From Latin nōn (“no”), from Old Latin noenum, from Proto-Indo-European *né (“not”) + *óynos (“one”).

ſi ou non

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 84 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/194small.gif] facsimile])


cachaça

desctree

Galician: cachaza, cachaça (reintegrationist)
→ Spanish: cachaza


carne

Galician: carne

Portuguese: carne

From Latin carnem, accusative of carō (“meat”).

Como ſanta maria fez deſcobrir hũa poſta de carne que furtaran a uũs romeus na uila de Rocamador.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 159 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/304.html] facsimile])

How Holy Mary caused to be found a piece of meat which was stolen from some pilgrims in the village of Rocamadour.

1418, Á. Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 95

Item, they will sell the pound of meat, twenty ounces in a pound, for two denarius, and the quarter of meat, if good, for ten white coins

Iten que se venda a libra de carne viinte onças por libra a dous dineiros et o quarto de carne que seja bõo a des blanquas.

Et, desque o ouuerõ sacado, estaua o corpo tã yrto que se nõ dobraua a nenhũu cabo, et sua carne muy lĩpa et muy colorado, que semellaua viuo

c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 667:

And, as soon as they took him out, the body was so stiff that it did not bend to any extent, and his flesh was very clean and colorful, to the point that he seemed alive


juiz

juizes (plural)
juyz (alternative)
joiz (alternative)

Galician: xuíz

Portuguese: juiz

Inherited from Latin iūdicem. Cognate with Old Spanish juez, Old French juge.


pato

head

pato m (plural patos, feminine pata, feminine plural patas)

patos (plural)
pata (feminine)
patas (feminine plural)

Fala: patu

Galician: pato

Portuguese: pato (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Arabic بَطّ (baṭṭ).
Cognate with Old Spanish pato.

duck (any aquatic bird of the family Anatidae)


pata

Fala: pata

Galician: pata

Portuguese: pata (see there for further descendants)

ſſete ouellas τ dous años τ ſſete cabras τ quatro cabritos τ duas porcas τ mea doutra τ hũa porcalla con ſſeus fillos τ dose patas τ treσe gallinas cõ quatorze pĩtoos

1348, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia, editor, História do galego-português, Coimbra: I.N.I.C, page 159:

seven sheep and two lambs and seven goats and four kids and two sows and a half and a sow with her sons and twelve ducks and therteen hens with fourteen chicks


do

do m sg (plural dos, feminine da, feminine plural das)

dos (plural)
da (feminine)
das (feminine plural)

contraction of de o (“of the, from the, -'s (masculine singular)”)


hay

Galician: hai

hai (alternative)
ai (alternative)
ay (alternative)

Et moytas uegadas cõteçe que hay algũus que nõ catã senõ porlo que he sua prol

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica Troiana, page 533:

And many times it happens that there are some than don't care but for their own interest

(impersonal, Old Galician) there is, there are


Leon

Galician: León

Portuguese: Leão

Inherited from Latin Legione, ablative of Legio, Legionis, from Legio septima Gemina, a Roman legion.

ũu mõeſteiro en reino de Leon

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 332 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/590small.gif] facsimile])

un mõeſteiro que este preto de Leon

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 332 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/591small.gif] facsimile])


luz

Galician: luz

Portuguese: luz

Inherited from Latin lūcem, from Proto-Italic *louks, from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewk- (“white; light; bright”).


nada

Fala: nada

Galician: nada

Portuguese: nada (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin (nūlla rēs) nāta (literally “no born thing, not a thing born”), an extension of nēmō nātus (“not a soul”, literally “nobody born”). For descendants of the other part of the expression see Galician ren (“nothing”), French rien (“nothing”), Catalan res (“nothing; anything”). For the grammaticalization of an original nominal as a negative see Jespersen's Cycle and French pas. Doublet of nado.

inh+

ſempre a noit e o dia en ſeu coraçon dultaua que alma nada non era. ſenon uento que paſſaua

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 365 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/652.html] facsimile])

always at night and day, he had a doubt in his heart that the soul was nothing more than wind which passed

(indefinite) nothing (not any thing; no thing)


nada

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


mama

Galician: mama

Portuguese: mama


mama

third-person singular present indicative

inflection of mamar:
second-person singular imperative


mal

Fala: mal

Galician: mal

Portuguese: mal (see there for further descendants)


pay

Galician: pai

Portuguese: pai (see there for further descendants)

From padre, from Latin patrem (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.

1525-1526, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, João de Gaia, B 1433: Vosso pai na rua (facsimile)

Your dad [is] on the street / before his door

(hypocoristic, usually childish) papa, dad, father


espanhol

espanhoes (plural)
espanol (alternative)
espannol (alternative)
spanhol (alternative)
yspañol (alternative)

Borrowed from Old Occitan espaignol, from Vulgar Latin *Hispaniolus, from Latin Hispānus.

Esta posuya o demonio o quall ora falava linguoa italiana ora spanhol.

c. 14th–15th century, Francisco de Melgaço, transl., Vida de Sam Bernardo, book II, Alcobaça, translation of Vita prima Bernardi by William of St-Thierry, page 45r; republished as Lawrence A. Sharpe, editor, The Old Portuguese Vida de Sam Bernardo, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1971, →ISBN, page 109:

She was possessed by the devil, who would sometimes speak the Italian language, sometimes the Iberian one.

Iberian (of or pertaining to the Iberian Peninsula)


espanhol

Fala: español

Galician: español

Portuguese: espanhol

E deſes uossos narizs / Logmifico seu cuu q̃bramtadassy q̃ / Ja senp̃ aya deſpanoes medo

13th century, João Baveca, Pero danbroa sſodes mayordomo; republished as Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Italy, c. 1525–1526, cantiga 1457:

Iberian (native to the Iberian Peninsula)


door

Galician: dor f

Portuguese: dor f (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin dolōrem m (“pain”).

⁊ untou lle bẽ a chaga / ⁊ perdeu Log a door. / ⁊ poſſ el a ſua mão. / ben firme en ſeu logar

13th century, Afonso X the wise, Cantigas de Santa Maria, E Codex, Cantiga 206

And anointed well the wound / and soon the pain was gone. / And put his hand / very firmly in its place.


sal

Galician: sal m

Portuguese: sal m (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin salem. Cognate with Old Spanish sal f and Old French sel m.


e

Fala: i

Galician: e

desctree

Portuguese: e
Guinea-Bissau Creole: i, e
Indo-Portuguese: e
Kabuverdianu: y, i, e
Papiamentu: i, y

From Latin et, from Proto-Indo-European *éti.

and (expresses two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other)


e

Eſta e como ſanta Maria liurou a Abadeſſa prenne q̇ adormecera anto ſeu Altar chorando.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 7 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/069.html] facsimile])

This one is about how Holy Mary acquitted the pregnant abbess who had fallen asleep crying in front of her altar.


baron

Galician: varón

Portuguese: varão

aquel pecado escumungado que fazen os barones unos con outros

13th c, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros Municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, page 699:

that excommunicated sin that men do with one another

ca esta (he) muy boa et nobre rreyna dona Berĩguela co[m] tamana aguça gardou sempre este fillo et llj meteu no curaçõ feyto de obras de piedade de ome barõ, mãçebo et nino, et todo linagẽ de omes -esto he barõ et moller-

c. 1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 814:

because this very noble and excellent queen, Lady Berenguela, with great care protected her son and put in his heart acts of piety of adult man, young man and boy, and of all the lineage of men - that is, man and woman -


tanto

head

tanto m sg (feminine singular tanta, masculine plural tantos, feminine plural tantas)

tanta (feminine singular)
tantos (masculine plural)
tantas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin tantus. Cognate with Old Spanish tanto.


tanto

Galician: tanto

Portuguese: tanto

filla tres dramas de cravos girofes e tres onças de galingal e outro tanto de cardomomo e outro tanto de gengivre e outro tanto d’alcoravina e outro tanto de canela, e a semente do fuuncho en maior contia destas todas.

1409, G. Pérez Barcala, editor, A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus, Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 175:

take three drachmas of clove, and three ounces of galangal, and as much of cardamom, and as much of ginger, and as much of caraway, and as much of cinnamon, and seeds of fennel in the largest amount of them all


u

Galician: u

Portuguese: u (obsolete)

13th century, Vindel manuscript, Martín Codax, Mia irmana fremosa, treides comigo (facsimile)

Lovely sister, come willingly / To the church in Vigo, where the sea is up, / And we will gaze at the waves.

Mia irmana fremoſa treides de grado / ala ygreia de uigo u e o mar leuado / E miraremos las ondas.

pelo camino que vay peraa devesa de valadares asy como vay o porto do rrio u pasan os carros

1264, E. Portela Silva, editor, La región del obispado de Tuy en los siglos XII a XV, Santiago: Tip. El Eco Franciscano, page 364:

by the road that goes to the wood of Valadares as it goes by the ford of the river where the carts cross


manga

Fala: manga

Galician: manga

Portuguese: manga

Inherited from Latin manica, from manus, from Proto-Italic *manus, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂-.

etymon

Et elle, quando esto oyu, empero que estaua muy mal ferido de morte, alynpou a cara cõna manga da loriga, et tomou a espada cõ ãbaslas mãos, coydandolle dar per çima da cabeça, et errouo et deulle hũu grã golpe eno caualo, atã grãde que lle cortou os narizes mesturado cõnas redeas.

1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 399:

(clothing) sleeve (part of a garment that covers the arm)


agora

Fala: agora

Galician: agora

Portuguese: agora (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin hāc hōrā. Cognate with Old Spanish agora.

13th century, Cancioneiro da Ajuda, Estêvão Travanca, A 185: Pois m'en'tal coita ten Amor (facsimile)


domingo

Galician: domingo

Portuguese: domingo (see there for further descendants)

From Latin dominicus, from a shortening of Late Latin diēs Dominicus (“Sunday”, literally “day of the Lord”).

inh

days of the week: dia da semana: domingo · lũes


aa

Galician: á

Portuguese: à

[C]omo hũa moller q̇ iogaua os dados en pulla lançou hũa pedra aa omagen de ſṫa maṙi[a] poꝛ q̇ perdera ⁊ parou un angeo de pedra que y eſtaua a mão ⁊ reçibiu o colpe.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 294 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/524small.gif] facsimile])

[H]ow a woman who was playing the dices in Apulia threw a stone at the statue of Holy Mary because she had lost, and an angel of stone which was there reached out its hand and received the blow.


aa

Galician: á

Portuguese: á

⁊ dun gran colbe aa lle bꝛitou

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 142 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/279small.gif] facsimile])

And with a powerful blow, broke its wing


tres

Fala: tres

Galician: tres

Portuguese: três

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *tréyes
Proto-Italic *trēs
Latin trēs
Old Galician-Portuguese tres
Inherited from Latin trēs, from Proto-Italic *trēs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


onze

Galician: once, onze

Portuguese: onze

honze (alternative)
onçe (alternative)
onse (alternative)


flor

flores (plural)
fror (alternative)
frol (alternative)
*chor (alternative)

Fala: flor

Galician: flor, fror, frol, chor

desctree

Portuguese: flor, chor (archaic, Minho, Trás-os-Montes), fror, frol (archaic or dialectal), flôr (obsolete), fulô (Northeast Brazil, pronunciation spelling)
Kabuverdianu: flor
Papiamentu: flor

Learned borrowing from Latin flōrem. The phonetically regular outcome of Latin /fl-/ is reflected in the apparently unattested *chor, which can nevertheless be reconstructed from the descendants below.

Ay flores ay flores do uerde Pyno

13th century, King Denis of Portugal, Ai flores, ai flores do verde pino; republished as Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Italy, c. 1525–1526, cantiga 568:

Oh flowers, oh flowers of the green pine


livro

Fala: libru

Galician: libro

Portuguese: livro

hũu liuro apocalisy scripto en purgameo e cuberto de cuberturas de táuõas cubertas de coyro uermello con pregos grandes, o qual liuro era scripto em bõa létera formada e con pinturas

1396, A. Cabana Outeiro, editor, O Tombo H da catedral de Santiago. Documentos anteriores a 1397, Valga: Concello de Valga, page 138:

a book of Revelation written on parchment and covered with covers made of boards covered with red leather, with large sheets, and the mentioned book is written with good well formed letter and with paintings


con

Fala: con

Galician: con

Portuguese: com (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin cum, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm.


natural

head

natural m or f by sense (plural naturaes)

Galician: natural

Portuguese: natural

native (person who is native to a place)

countryman, countrywoman (somebody from one's own country)


osso

Fala: osu

Galician: óso

Portuguese: osso

From Latin ossum, popular variant of os (“bone”), from Proto-Italic *ōs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”), *h₂óst.


uva

Fala: uva

Galician: uva

Portuguese: uva (see there for further descendants)


fe

Fala: fe

Galician: fe

Portuguese: fé


si

Inherited from Latin sibi, from Proto-Indo-European *sébʰye, dative of *swé (“self”). Cognate with Old French sei and Old Spanish si.

oneself; herself; itself; himself; themselves (form of se used after prepositions)


si

Fala: sí

Galician: si

Portuguese: sim

Inherited from Latin sīc (“thus; so”), from Proto-Indo-European *so (“this, that”).

ſi ou non

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 84 ([[https://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/194small.gif] facsimile])


ar

Portuguese: er

& ar ſẽ (com)panneira u a de(us) (con)cebiſte
and also without equal when you conceived God

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 90 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/204small.gif] facsimile])

na obra que leyxara / por fazer ar começou

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 274 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/493small.gif] facsimile])

(He) started working again on his unfinished work


ti

Inherited from Latin tibi, dative of tu.

a ti ſeñor que es luz / beijarei pees ⁊ mãos ca ta uertude maduz / ſempre ſaude me g(ua)rda dos que me q̇rẽ nozir.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 295 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/527.gif] facsimile])

My Lady, full of light, I shall kiss your feet and hands, because your virtue always brings me health and protects me from those who want to harm me.


eu

Eonavian: eu

Fala: ei

Galician: eu

Portuguese: eu (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

[O]s ollos uerdes que eu ui / me façen ora andar aſſi.

13th century, Cancioneiro da Ajuda, João Garcia de Guilhade, A 229: Amigos, non poss'eu negar (facsimile)

The green eyes which I have seen / have made me now be like this.


tu

Fala: tu

Galician: tu, ti

Portuguese: tu

From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 149 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/290small.gif] facsimile])

Lady, I beg you, please take me out of this dark prison and let me see your beautiful face in Heaven.

eu te rogo / ſeñor que me tu leues Deſta carcer eſcura / E que ueia no Ceo a ta face velida.

thou, you (singular second person pronoun)


ei

Galician: eis

Portuguese: ei, eis

Borrowed from Arabic هَا (hā, dialectally hê).

bor+

eimeaca eimaca
«ei-me aca; ei-m'aca!»

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 147 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/285.gif] facsimile])


negro

head

negro m (plural negros, feminine negra, feminine plural negras)

negros (plural)
negra (feminine)
negras (feminine plural)

Galician: negro

Portuguese: negro
Papiamentu: negru

[…] chus negro ca pez.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 68 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/172small.gif] facsimile])

Mando o meu manto de broneta negra a Eluira Ffernandez de Uilar

1281, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 133

I bequeath my robe of black brunet cloth to Elvira Fernandez de Vilar

seméllame, fillo, que ora son cõpridos de tj os soños que eu sonaua et as uisiões que uij́a et as coytas grãdes que sofría ẽno coraçõ, que cada día se me fazía negro et triste.

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 467:

it seems to me, my son, that now you have accomplished the dreams I dreamed and the visions I envisioned and the big sorrows I suffered in my heart, that each day was black and sad to me

en negra ora naçí

1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 742:

(figurative) sad, unfortunate, ill-fated


creer

Galician: crer

Portuguese: crer

Inherited from Latin crēdere, from Proto-Italic *krezdō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱred dʰeh₁- (“to place one's heart, i.e. to trust, believe”), compound phrase of oblique case form of *ḱḗr (“heart”) and *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place, set”).

der

⁊ el creeu ſeu conſello

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 181 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/403small.gif] facsimile])


forte

Fala: forti

Galician: forte

Portuguese: forte

Inherited from Latin fortem (“strong”), from Old Latin forctis, fortis, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“to rise, high, hill”).

strong; powerful (capable of producing great physical force)

(of wind, water, etc.) strong; fast moving etc.

(of a disease or symptom) strong; severe


altar

Galician: altar

Portuguese: altar

From Latin altāre (“altar for burnt offerings”). Cf. also outeiro.

inh

Eſta e como ſanta Maria liurou a Abadeſſa prenne q̇ adormecera anto ſeu Altar chorando.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 7 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/069.html] facsimile])

altar (flat-topped structure used for religious rites)


estado

Fala: estau

Galician: estado

Portuguese: estado

Inherited from Latin status, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.


estado

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


cobra

vay todo escripto en hua cobra et man de papel et cosido con fio branco de linno et ennas juntas meu nome

1405, Enrique Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega:

all written in a single paragraph in a hand of paper and sewn with white linen thread and on the joints my name


agua

aguas (plural)
auga (alternative)
augua (alternative)

Fala: agua

Galician: auga, agua

desctree

Portuguese: água, auga (regional)
Angolar: awa
Annobonese: aua
Guinea-Bissau Creole: iagu
Indo-Portuguese: ag
Kabuverdianu: agu
Korlai Creole Portuguese: ag
Kristang: agu
Macanese: águ
Papiamentu: awa
Principense: awa
Sãotomense: awa

Inherited from Latin aqua (“water”). Cognate with Old Spanish agua.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 23 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/092small.gif] facsimile]):
Como deꝯ fez uỹo dagua […]
Just as God turned water into wine […]


demo

Galician: demo

Portuguese: demo

From Latin daemon (“demon”), from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “god, goddess, divine power”).

der

Eſta é de como ſanta maria fez cobrar a Theophilo a carta que fezera cono demo u ſe tornou ſeu vaſſalo.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 3 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/057.html] facsimile])

This one is (about) how Holy Mary recovered for Theophilos the contract he had made with the Devil and became his vassal.

(uncountable, Christianity) the Devil; Satan

e logo chegar..a alma tomar demões q̇ a leuarõ. mui toſte ſẽ tardar

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 26 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/099.html] facsimile])

and soon devils arrived, seizing the soul, and took it very quickly without delay


drama

From Medieval Latin dragma, from Classical Latin drachma, from Ancient Greek δραχμή (drakhmḗ). First attested in the 1409-1420.

filla tres dramas de cravos girofes e tres onças de galingal e outro tanto de cardomomo e outro tanto de gengivre e outro tanto d’alcoravina e outro tanto de canela, e a semente do fuuncho en maior contia destas todas.

1409, G. Pérez Barcala, editor, A tradución galega do "Liber de medicina equorum" de Joradanus Ruffus, Santiago de Compostela: USC, page 175:


poo

Galician: po

Portuguese: pó (see there for further descendants)

From Vulgar Latin *pulvus n (with early loss of v), from Latin pulvis m, from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”).

A Tan toſte que Saẏda foi.o Crerigo fillou a ⁊ fez logo dela poos ⁊ en ſa bolſſa guardo a

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 225 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/408.html] facsimile])

As soon as it exited, the cleric grabbed it and soon ground it (literally: made powders of it) and stored it in his purse.

powder (fine particles made by grinding substance)


rosa

Galician: rosa

Portuguese: rosa (see there for further descendants)

Roſa das roſas. ⁊ fror / das frores. dona das donas. / ſeñor das ſennores.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 10 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/075small.gif] facsimile])

Rose of roses; And flower / of flowers. Woman of women; / Lady of ladies.

A terçeyra chamam roſa / por que e coor uermella.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 384 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/687small.gif] facsimile])

The third (colour) is called rose, / because it is a reddish colour.


via

Inherited from Latin via, from Proto-Italic *wijā, from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁-.

etymon

Santa maria / ſtrela do dia / moſtra nos uia / pera deus ⁊ nos guia.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 100 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/217small.gif] facsimile])

Holy Mary, / star of the daytime; / show us the way / towards God, and guide us.


via

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

first/third-person singular imperfect indicative of veer


falar

falar (infinitive)
falando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
falado (masculine participle past singular)
falados (masculine participle past plural)
falada (feminine participle past singular)
faladas (feminine participle past plural)
falante (participle past present singular)
falantes (participle past plural present)
falo (present singular)
falas (present singular)
fala (present singular)
falamos (plural present)
falades (plural present)
falan (plural present)
falava (imperfect singular)
falavas (imperfect singular)
falavamos (imperfect plural)
falávamos (imperfect plural)
falavades (imperfect plural)
falávades (imperfect plural)
falavan (imperfect plural)
falei (preterite singular)
falaste (preterite singular)
falasche (preterite singular)
falache (preterite singular)
falou (preterite singular)
falamos (plural preterite)
falastes (plural preterite)
falaron (plural preterite)
falara (pluperfect singular)
falaras (pluperfect singular)
falaramos (pluperfect plural)
faláramos (pluperfect plural)
falarades (pluperfect plural)
falárades (pluperfect plural)
falaran (pluperfect plural)
falarei (future singular)
falarás (future singular)
falará (future singular)
falaremos (future plural)
falaredes (future plural)
falarán (future plural)
falaria (conditional singular)
falarias (conditional singular)
falariamos (conditional plural)
falaríamos (conditional plural)
falariades (conditional plural)
falaríades (conditional plural)
falarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
fale (present singular)
fales (present singular)
falemos (plural present)
faledes (plural present)
falen (plural present)
falasse (imperfect singular)
falasses (imperfect singular)
falassemos (imperfect plural)
falássemos (imperfect plural)
falassedes (imperfect plural)
falássedes (imperfect plural)
falassen (imperfect plural)
falar (future singular)
falares (future singular)
falarmos (future plural)
falardes (future plural)
falaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
fala (singular)
falemos (plural)
falade (plural)
non fales (negative singular)
non falemos (negative plural)
non faledes (negative plural)
falar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
falares (infinitive personal singular)
falar (infinitive personal singular)
falarmos (infinitive personal plural)
falardes (infinitive personal plural)
falaren (infinitive personal plural)

Fala: falal

Galician: falar

Portuguese: falar

Inherited from Latin fābulārī (“chat, converse”). Compare Old Spanish fablar.


arma

Fala: arma

Galician: arma

Portuguese: arma

Inherited from Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“defensive arms”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”).


lagarto

Fala: lagartu

Galician: lagarto

Portuguese: lagarto (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *lacartum, from Latin lacerta.
Cognate with Old Spanish lagarto.

etymon

Contra a door que chama "llaçerto", que quer dizer lagarto ...

1420, Álvaro Eans das Eiras, transl., Tratado de Albeitaria, translation of De Medicina Equorum by Giordano Ruffo, page 101:

Against the illness that they call "lacerto", which means lizard ...


dragon

Galician: dragón

Portuguese: drago, dragão

From Latin dracōnem, from Ancient Greek δράκων (drákōn). Compare Old Spanish dragon.

Esta é como un ome que ya a Santa Maria de Salas achou un dragon na carreira e / mató-o, e el ficou gafo de poçon, e pois sãou-[o] Santa Maria. / Ben pode Santa Maria guarir de toda poçon, / pois madr' é do que trillou o basilisqu' e o dragon.

13th c., Afonso X, “Cantiga CLXXXIX”, in Cantigas de Santa Maria:

Na vila. [E] os gollos ficaron todos enton / ant' aquel que da cada nos foi tirar do dragon; / e o jograr mal-andante cospiu e disse que non / vira gente tan baveca, e muy mal os dostou. / O que viltar quer a Virgen de que Deus carne fillou...

13th c., Afonso X, “Cantiga CCXXXVIII”, in Cantigas de Santa Maria:

Per Adan e per Eva fomos todos caer / en poder do diabo; mais quise-sse doer / de nos quen nos fezera, e vo-sse fazer / nov' Adan que britass' a cabega do dragon. / Todos con alegria cantand' e en bon son...

13th c., Afonso X, “Cantiga CCLXX”, in Cantigas de Santa Maria:


ela

Fala: ela

Galician: ela

Portuguese: ela

Inherited from Latin illa, feminine of ille (“that”).

Por ela nos perdõou. / deus o pecado Dadam. / da maçãa que goſtou. per / que ſoffreu muit affan.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 3 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/057small.html] facsimile])

By her, God forgave us of Adam’s sin. Of the apple he tasted, because she felt very anguished.


cantar

cantar (infinitive)
cantando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
cantado (masculine participle past singular)
cantados (masculine participle past plural)
cantada (feminine participle past singular)
cantadas (feminine participle past plural)
cantante (participle past present singular)
cantantes (participle past plural present)
canto (present singular)
cantas (present singular)
canta (present singular)
cantamos (plural present)
cantades (plural present)
cantan (plural present)
cantava (imperfect singular)
cantavas (imperfect singular)
cantavamos (imperfect plural)
cantávamos (imperfect plural)
cantavades (imperfect plural)
cantávades (imperfect plural)
cantavan (imperfect plural)
cantei (preterite singular)
cantaste (preterite singular)
cantasche (preterite singular)
cantache (preterite singular)
cantou (preterite singular)
cantamos (plural preterite)
cantastes (plural preterite)
cantaron (plural preterite)
cantara (pluperfect singular)
cantaras (pluperfect singular)
cantaramos (pluperfect plural)
cantáramos (pluperfect plural)
cantarades (pluperfect plural)
cantárades (pluperfect plural)
cantaran (pluperfect plural)
cantarei (future singular)
cantarás (future singular)
cantará (future singular)
cantaremos (future plural)
cantaredes (future plural)
cantarán (future plural)
cantaria (conditional singular)
cantarias (conditional singular)
cantariamos (conditional plural)
cantaríamos (conditional plural)
cantariades (conditional plural)
cantaríades (conditional plural)
cantarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
cante (present singular)
cantes (present singular)
cantemos (plural present)
cantedes (plural present)
canten (plural present)
cantasse (imperfect singular)
cantasses (imperfect singular)
cantassemos (imperfect plural)
cantássemos (imperfect plural)
cantassedes (imperfect plural)
cantássedes (imperfect plural)
cantassen (imperfect plural)
cantar (future singular)
cantares (future singular)
cantarmos (future plural)
cantardes (future plural)
cantaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
canta (singular)
cantemos (plural)
cantade (plural)
non cantes (negative singular)
non cantemos (negative plural)
non cantedes (negative plural)
cantar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
cantares (infinitive personal singular)
cantar (infinitive personal singular)
cantarmos (infinitive personal plural)
cantardes (infinitive personal plural)
cantaren (infinitive personal plural)

Fala: cantal

Galician: cantar

Portuguese: cantar (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin cantāre, frequentative from canere.

Eſta e como ſanta maria reſſucitou ao menỹo que o Judeu matara por que cantaua Gaude uirgo maria.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 6 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/067.html] facsimile])

This one is how Holy Mary resurrected the boy who the Jew had killed because he sang Gaude Virgo Maria.

to sing (to produce music with one’s voice)


comer

comer (infinitive)
comendo (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
comesto (masculine participle past singular)
comudo (masculine participle past singular)
comido (masculine participle past singular)
comestos (masculine participle past plural)
comudos (masculine participle past plural)
comidos (masculine participle past plural)
comesta (feminine participle past singular)
comuda (feminine participle past singular)
comida (feminine participle past singular)
comestas (feminine participle past plural)
comudas (feminine participle past plural)
comidas (feminine participle past plural)
comente (participle past present singular)
comentes (participle past plural present)
cômio (present singular)
coimo (present singular)
como (present singular)
comes (present singular)
come (present singular)
comemos (plural present)
comedes (plural present)
comen (plural present)
comia (imperfect singular)
comias (imperfect singular)
comiamos (imperfect plural)
comíamos (imperfect plural)
comiades (imperfect plural)
comíades (imperfect plural)
comian (imperfect plural)
comi (preterite singular)
comin (preterite singular)
comeste (preterite singular)
comiste (preterite singular)
comesche (preterite singular)
comische (preterite singular)
comeche (preterite singular)
comiche (preterite singular)
comeu (preterite singular)
comeo (preterite singular)
comio (preterite singular)
comiu (preterite singular)
comemos (plural preterite)
comestes (plural preterite)
comeron (plural preterite)
comera (pluperfect singular)
comeras (pluperfect singular)
comeramos (pluperfect plural)
comêramos (pluperfect plural)
comerades (pluperfect plural)
comêrades (pluperfect plural)
comeran (pluperfect plural)
comerei (future singular)
comerás (future singular)
comerá (future singular)
comeremos (future plural)
comeredes (future plural)
comerán (future plural)
comeria (conditional singular)
comerias (conditional singular)
comeriamos (conditional plural)
comeríamos (conditional plural)
comeriades (conditional plural)
comeríades (conditional plural)
comerian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
cômia (present singular)
coima (present singular)
coma (present singular)
cômias (present singular)
coimas (present singular)
comas (present singular)
comiamos (plural present)
coimamos (plural present)
comamos (plural present)
comiades (plural present)
coimades (plural present)
comades (plural present)
cômian (plural present)
coiman (plural present)
coman (plural present)
comesse (imperfect singular)
comesses (imperfect singular)
comessemos (imperfect plural)
comêssemos (imperfect plural)
comessedes (imperfect plural)
comêssedes (imperfect plural)
comessen (imperfect plural)
comer (future singular)
comeres (future singular)
comermos (future plural)
comerdes (future plural)
comeren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
come (singular)
cume (singular)
comiamos (plural)
coimamos (plural)
comamos (plural)
comede (plural)
non cômias (negative singular)
non coimas (negative singular)
non comas (negative singular)
non comiamos (negative plural)
non coimamos (negative plural)
non comamos (negative plural)
non comiades (negative plural)
non coimades (negative plural)
non comades (negative plural)
comer (imperative infinitive personal singular)
comeres (infinitive personal singular)
comer (infinitive personal singular)
comermos (infinitive personal plural)
comerdes (infinitive personal plural)
comeren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: comer

Portuguese: comer (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *comēre, restructuring of Latin comedere. Cognate with Old Spanish comer.


dormir

13th century, Paio Soares de Taveirós, Qvantꝰ aquj deſpanha ſon; republished as Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Italy, c. 1525–1526, cantiga 149:

How many here are from Spain, that have lost their sleep over their great urge to leave? I have never lost my sleep since I have left Spain, because I have lost it there already.


dormir

[…] et Ferragudo ouve sono et deitouse a dormir […]

1390, [Miragres de Santiago]; republished as José Luís Pensado Tomé, editor, Os miragres de Santiago: versión gallega del códice latino del siglo XII, atribuído al papa Calisto II, 1958:

And Ferragudo felt sleepy and went to bed.


correr

Fala: correl

Galician: correr

Portuguese: correr (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin currere (“to run”), from Proto-Italic *korzō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”).


chegar

chegar (infinitive)
chegando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
chegado (masculine participle past singular)
chegados (masculine participle past plural)
chegada (feminine participle past singular)
chegadas (feminine participle past plural)
chegante (participle past present singular)
chegantes (participle past plural present)
chego (present singular)
chegas (present singular)
chega (present singular)
chegamos (plural present)
chegades (plural present)
chegan (plural present)
chegava (imperfect singular)
chegavas (imperfect singular)
chegavamos (imperfect plural)
chegávamos (imperfect plural)
chegavades (imperfect plural)
chegávades (imperfect plural)
chegavan (imperfect plural)
cheguei (preterite singular)
chegaste (preterite singular)
chegasche (preterite singular)
chegache (preterite singular)
chegou (preterite singular)
chegamos (plural preterite)
chegastes (plural preterite)
chegaron (plural preterite)
chegara (pluperfect singular)
chegaras (pluperfect singular)
chegaramos (pluperfect plural)
chegáramos (pluperfect plural)
chegarades (pluperfect plural)
chegárades (pluperfect plural)
chegaran (pluperfect plural)
chegarei (future singular)
chegarás (future singular)
chegará (future singular)
chegaremos (future plural)
chegaredes (future plural)
chegarán (future plural)
chegaria (conditional singular)
chegarias (conditional singular)
chegariamos (conditional plural)
chegaríamos (conditional plural)
chegariades (conditional plural)
chegaríades (conditional plural)
chegarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
chegue (present singular)
chegues (present singular)
cheguemos (plural present)
cheguedes (plural present)
cheguen (plural present)
chegasse (imperfect singular)
chegasses (imperfect singular)
chegassemos (imperfect plural)
chegássemos (imperfect plural)
chegassedes (imperfect plural)
chegássedes (imperfect plural)
chegassen (imperfect plural)
chegar (future singular)
chegares (future singular)
chegarmos (future plural)
chegardes (future plural)
chegaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
chega (singular)
cheguemos (plural)
chegade (plural)
non chegues (negative singular)
non cheguemos (negative plural)
non cheguedes (negative plural)
chegar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
chegares (infinitive personal singular)
chegar (infinitive personal singular)
chegarmos (infinitive personal plural)
chegardes (infinitive personal plural)
chegaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: chegar

Portuguese: chegar (see there for further descendants)


pee

Galician: pé

Portuguese: pé

Inherited from Latin pedem, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds. Cognate with Old Spanish pie and Old French pié.

Eſta e como ſanta maria nȯ q̇s q̇ entraſſe na ſa eigreia do poe un mancebo q̇ dera aſſa madre un couce ⁊ el pois uiu q̇ nȯ podia enẗr cortoo pee ⁊ de pois ſãou ſanta maria.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 127 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/256small.html] facsimile])

This one is (about) how Holy Mary didn't want that a young man, who had kicked his mother, entered her church in Puy. And he, seeing that he couldn't enter, cut his foot and later Holy Mary healed it.


dizer

desc

Galician: dicir, dizer (reintegrationist), decer

Portuguese: dizer, dezer

Inherited from Latin dīcere, from Proto-Italic *deikō, from Proto-Indo-European *déyḱti (“to show, point out”).


fazer

Fala: fel, ficel

Galician: facer

Portuguese: fazer


ler

Unknown. Likely from Proto-Celtic *liros.

Foy eu madre veer / As barcas eno lez (sic) / E moirome damor

13th century, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Nuno Fernandes Torneol, B 645: Vi eu mia madr'andar (facsimile)

I went, mother, to see / the boats at the shore, / and I'm dying of love.


leer

Galician: ler

Portuguese: ler


pero

Fala: pero, peru

Galician: pero, pro, pró

Portuguese: pero

Inherited from Late Latin per hoc (“for this reason”, literally “through this”). Cognate with Old Spanish pero.

inh+

pero nozir / Non mi deuia desamor

13th century, King Denis of Portugal, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional:

But lovelessness should be unable to hurt me…!


partir

partir (infinitive)
partindo (gerund)
gerund of seer (gerund multiword-construction)
haver + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
partido (masculine participle past singular)
partidos (masculine participle past plural)
partida (feminine participle past singular)
partidas (feminine participle past plural)
partinte (participle past present singular)
partintes (participle past plural present)
parto (present singular)
partes (present singular)
parte (present singular)
partimos (plural present)
partides (plural present)
parten (plural present)
partia (imperfect singular)
partias (imperfect singular)
partiamos (imperfect plural)
partíamos (imperfect plural)
partiades (imperfect plural)
partíades (imperfect plural)
partian (imperfect plural)
parti (preterite singular)
partin (preterite singular)
partiste (preterite singular)
partische (preterite singular)
partiche (preterite singular)
partiu (preterite singular)
parteu (preterite singular)
partio (preterite singular)
parteo (preterite singular)
partimos (plural preterite)
partistes (plural preterite)
partiron (plural preterite)
partira (pluperfect singular)
partiras (pluperfect singular)
partiramos (pluperfect plural)
partíramos (pluperfect plural)
partirades (pluperfect plural)
partírades (pluperfect plural)
partiran (pluperfect plural)
partirei (future singular)
partirás (future singular)
partirá (future singular)
partiremos (future plural)
partiredes (future plural)
partirán (future plural)
partiria (conditional singular)
partirias (conditional singular)
partiriamos (conditional plural)
partiríamos (conditional plural)
partiriades (conditional plural)
partiríades (conditional plural)
partirian (conditional plural)
present of seer (multiword-construction perfect present)
haver + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of seer (multiword-construction pluperfect)
haver + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of seer (anterior multiword-construction past)
haver + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of seer (multiword-construction)
haver + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of seer (future multiword-construction perfect)
haver + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of seer (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
haver + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
parta (present singular)
partas (present singular)
partamos (plural present)
partades (plural present)
partan (plural present)
partisse (imperfect singular)
partisses (imperfect singular)
partissemos (imperfect plural)
partíssemos (imperfect plural)
partissedes (imperfect plural)
partíssedes (imperfect plural)
partissen (imperfect plural)
partir (future singular)
partires (future singular)
partirmos (future plural)
partirdes (future plural)
partiren (future plural)
present subjunctive of seer (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of seer (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of seer (future multiword-construction perfect)
parte (singular)
partamos (plural)
partide (plural)
non partas (negative singular)
non partamos (negative plural)
non partades (negative plural)
partir (imperative infinitive personal singular)
partires (infinitive personal singular)
partir (infinitive personal singular)
partirmos (infinitive personal plural)
partirdes (infinitive personal plural)
partiren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: partir

Portuguese: partir


querer

querer (infinitive)
querendo (gerund)
querente (participle past present singular)
querentes (participle past plural present)
queiro (present singular)
quero (present singular)
queres (present singular)
ques (present singular)
quer (present singular)
queremos (plural present)
queredes (plural present)
querendes (plural present)
queren (plural present)
queria (imperfect singular)
querias (imperfect singular)
queriamos (imperfect plural)
queríamos (imperfect plural)
queriades (imperfect plural)
queríades (imperfect plural)
querian (imperfect plural)
quis (preterite singular)
quise (preterite singular)
quige (preterite singular)
quigen (preterite singular)
quiseste (preterite singular)
quisiste (preterite singular)
quisesche (preterite singular)
quisische (preterite singular)
quiseche (preterite singular)
quisiche (preterite singular)
quiso (preterite singular)
quisemos (plural preterite)
quesemos (plural preterite)
quisestes (plural preterite)
quesestes (plural preterite)
quiseron (plural preterite)
queseron (plural preterite)
quisera (pluperfect singular)
quigera (pluperfect singular)
quesera (pluperfect singular)
quiseras (pluperfect singular)
quigeras (pluperfect singular)
queseras (pluperfect singular)
quiseramos (pluperfect plural)
quiséramos (pluperfect plural)
quigeramos (pluperfect plural)
quigéramos (pluperfect plural)
queseramos (pluperfect plural)
queséramos (pluperfect plural)
quiserades (pluperfect plural)
quisérades (pluperfect plural)
quigerades (pluperfect plural)
quigérades (pluperfect plural)
queserades (pluperfect plural)
quesérades (pluperfect plural)
quiseran (pluperfect plural)
quigeran (pluperfect plural)
queseran (pluperfect plural)
querrei (future singular)
quererei (future singular)
querrás (future singular)
quererás (future singular)
querrá (future singular)
quererá (future singular)
querremos (future plural)
quereremos (future plural)
querredes (future plural)
quereredes (future plural)
querrán (future plural)
quererán (future plural)
querria (conditional singular)
queria (conditional singular)
querrias (conditional singular)
querias (conditional singular)
querriamos (conditional plural)
querríamos (conditional plural)
queriamos (conditional plural)
queríamos (conditional plural)
querriades (conditional plural)
querríades (conditional plural)
queriades (conditional plural)
queríades (conditional plural)
querrian (conditional plural)
querian (conditional plural)
queira (present singular)
quera (present singular)
queiras (present singular)
queras (present singular)
queiramos (plural present)
queramos (plural present)
queirades (plural present)
querades (plural present)
queiran (plural present)
queran (plural present)
quisesse (imperfect singular)
quisesses (imperfect singular)
quisessemos (imperfect plural)
quiséssemos (imperfect plural)
quisessedes (imperfect plural)
quiséssedes (imperfect plural)
quisessen (imperfect plural)
quiser (future singular)
queser (future singular)
quiseres (future singular)
queseres (future singular)
quisermos (future plural)
quesermos (future plural)
quiserdes (future plural)
queserdes (future plural)
quiseren (future plural)
queseren (future plural)
quer (singular)
queiramos (plural)
queramos (plural)
querede (plural)
non queiras (negative singular)
non queras (negative singular)
non queiramos (negative plural)
non queramos (negative plural)
non queirades (negative plural)
non querades (negative plural)
querer (imperative infinitive personal singular)
quereres (infinitive personal singular)
querer (infinitive personal singular)
querermos (infinitive personal plural)
quererdes (infinitive personal plural)
quereren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: querer

Portuguese: querer

Inherited from Latin quaerere (“seek, look for, desire”).


lingua

*linguas (plural)
lengoa (alternative)
lengua (alternative)
lingoa (alternative)

Fala: lengua

Galician: lingua

Portuguese: língua (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin lingua, from Proto-Italic *denɣwā, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.

Que logo llapareceu.
⁊ e con ſas mãoſ tãgeu
llo roſtr e o guareceu.
⁊ foi lla lingua ſoltar
Ben pod a ſennoꝛ ſen
par. faʒer oyr ⁊ falar

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice rico, cantiga 101 ([[https://imagenes.patrimonionacional.es/iiif/2/T-I-1/T-I-1_fol-145V.jpg/full/3744,/0/default.jpg] facsimile]):

What then appeared to [somebody], and touched [somebody] with its hands, cured [somebody’s] face, and was to explain [it] in [somebody’s] language. One can well hear and speak to this gentleman without equal.

tongue (flexible muscular organ in the mouth)


natura

Galician: natura

Borrowed from Latin nātūra. Compare Old Spanish and Old Occitan natura.

nature, essence (essential characteristics)


alma

Galician: alma

Portuguese: alma

e logo chegar..a alma tomar demões q̇ a leuarõ. mui toſte ſẽ tardar

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 26 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/099.html] facsimile])


santo

head

santo m (plural santos, feminine santa, feminine plural santas)

santos (plural)
santa (feminine)
santas (feminine plural)
san (alternative)
sãto (alternative)
sancto (alternative)

Inherited from Latin sānctus, from Proto-Italic *sanktos, from *sankjō, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k-.


santo

Fala: santu

Galician: santo

desctree

Portuguese: santo, sancto (obsolete)
→ Kadiwéu: xaanto
→ Nheengatu: santu
→ Tetum: santu


gris

Galician: gris

Portuguese: gris

Borrowed from Old French gris, from Frankish *grīs, from Proto-Germanic *grīsaz (“grey”).

grey / gray (having a colour between white and black)


pera

Galician: para, pra

desc

Portuguese: para, pra, pa (syncopated), p'ra (pre-standardization spelling, now nonstandard), p/ (abbreviation), pera (archaic)

Santa maria / ſtrela do dia / moſtra nos uia / pera deus ⁊ nos guia.


pera

Galician: pera

Portuguese: pera

From Vulgar Latin *pira, from the plural of Latin pirum, reanalyzed as a feminine singular.

maçãas e peras


elefante

elefantes (plural)
alefante (alternative)
alifãt (alternative)
alifant (alternative)
alifante (alternative)
allifante (alternative)
allyfante (alternative)
alyfante (alternative)
elephante (alternative)
elifante (alternative)
ellefante (alternative)
ellifãte (alternative)
elyfante (alternative)
helifante (alternative)

Fala: elefanti

Galician: elefante, alefante

desctree

Portuguese: elefante, elephante, elephãte (obsolete)
Papiamentu: elefante

Learned borrowing from Latin elephās, borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐλέφᾱς (eléphās), possibly borrowed from Egyptian ꜣbw, from Proto-Afroasiatic *leb-. First attested in the 14th century.

etymon

Et auja hũ caſtelete en çima todo encoyrado de coyro de alifãt. ⁊ era laũado p̃ g̃rã maeſtria ⁊ pintado moy ben.

1373 January 20, Fernán Martís, chapter 121, in Cronica Troiana [Trojan Chronicle], translation of Roman de Troie by Benoît de Sainte-Maure, page 42:

And there was a castlet on it, covered with elephant hide and skillfully adorned and very well painted.


neve

Fala: nevi

Galician: neve

Portuguese: neve
Kabuverdianu: nevi

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *nĕvem, alteration of Latin nivem.

13th century, Alfonso X of Castile, Ao dayā de calez euachei; republished as Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Italy, c. 1525–1526, cantiga 493:


sono

Galician: sono

Portuguese: sono

How many here are from Spain, that have lost their sleep over their great urge to leave? I've never lost my sleep since I've left Spain, because I've lost it there already.


presto

Portuguese: presto

Inherited from Late Latin praestus, from the adverb praestō. Cognate with Old Spanish presto.


presto

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

first-person singular present indicative of prestar


lobo

Galician: lobo

Portuguese: lobo


fio

Galician: fío

Portuguese: fio

Inherited from Latin fīlum. Cognate with Old Spanish filo and Old French fil.


fio

first-person singular present indicative of fiar


março

Galician: marzo

Portuguese: março (see there for further descendants)

From Latin (mensis) mārtius (“(month) of the Roman god Mars”).

inh

Eſta quĩta e de como o angeo gabriel uẽo ſaudar a ſ[ant]a maria ⁊ eſta feſta no mes de março

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 415 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/011small.gif] facsimile])

This fifth song is about how the angel Gabriel came to salute Holy Mary, and this feast is in the month of March.


maa

Galician: má

Portuguese: má


andar

andar (infinitive)
andando (gerund)
gerund of seer (gerund multiword-construction)
haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
andado (masculine participle past singular)
andados (masculine participle past plural)
andada (feminine participle past singular)
andadas (feminine participle past plural)
andante (participle past present singular)
andantes (participle past plural present)
ando (present singular)
andas (present singular)
anda (present singular)
andamos (plural present)
andades (plural present)
andan (plural present)
andava (imperfect singular)
andavas (imperfect singular)
andavamos (imperfect plural)
andávamos (imperfect plural)
andavades (imperfect plural)
andávades (imperfect plural)
andavan (imperfect plural)
andei (preterite singular)
andaste (preterite singular)
andasche (preterite singular)
andache (preterite singular)
andou (preterite singular)
andamos (plural preterite)
andastes (plural preterite)
andaron (plural preterite)
andara (pluperfect singular)
andaras (pluperfect singular)
andaramos (pluperfect plural)
andáramos (pluperfect plural)
andarades (pluperfect plural)
andárades (pluperfect plural)
andaran (pluperfect plural)
andarei (future singular)
andarás (future singular)
andará (future singular)
andaremos (future plural)
andaredes (future plural)
andarán (future plural)
andaria (conditional singular)
andarias (conditional singular)
andariamos (conditional plural)
andaríamos (conditional plural)
andariades (conditional plural)
andaríades (conditional plural)
andarian (conditional plural)
present of seer (multiword-construction perfect present)
haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of seer (multiword-construction pluperfect)
haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of seer (anterior multiword-construction past)
haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of seer (multiword-construction)
haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of seer (future multiword-construction perfect)
haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of seer (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
ande (present singular)
andes (present singular)
andemos (plural present)
andedes (plural present)
anden (plural present)
andasse (imperfect singular)
andasses (imperfect singular)
andassemos (imperfect plural)
andássemos (imperfect plural)
andassedes (imperfect plural)
andássedes (imperfect plural)
andassen (imperfect plural)
andar (future singular)
andares (future singular)
andarmos (future plural)
andardes (future plural)
andaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of seer (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of seer (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of seer (future multiword-construction perfect)
anda (singular)
andemos (plural)
andade (plural)
non andes (negative singular)
non andemos (negative plural)
non andedes (negative plural)
andar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
andares (infinitive personal singular)
andar (infinitive personal singular)
andarmos (infinitive personal plural)
andardes (infinitive personal plural)
andaren (infinitive personal plural)

Fala: andal

Galician: andar

Portuguese: andar

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin andāre, of uncertain origin. Cognate with Old Spanish andar.


vento

Fala: ventu

Galician: vento

Portuguese: vento (see there for further descendants)


memoria

Galician: memoria, memória

Portuguese: memória


abella

Fala: abella

Galician: abella

Portuguese: abelha

Inherited from Latin apicula. Found in the Cantigas de Santa Maria.


colher

colher (infinitive)
colhendo (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
colheito (masculine participle past singular)
colhido (masculine participle past singular)
colheitos (masculine participle past plural)
colhidos (masculine participle past plural)
colheita (feminine participle past singular)
colhida (feminine participle past singular)
colheitas (feminine participle past plural)
colhidas (feminine participle past plural)
colhente (participle past present singular)
colhentes (participle past plural present)
colho (present singular)
colhes (present singular)
colhe (present singular)
colhemos (plural present)
colhedes (plural present)
colhen (plural present)
colhia (imperfect singular)
colhias (imperfect singular)
colhiamos (imperfect plural)
colhíamos (imperfect plural)
colhiades (imperfect plural)
colhíades (imperfect plural)
colhian (imperfect plural)
colhi (preterite singular)
colhin (preterite singular)
colheste (preterite singular)
colhiste (preterite singular)
colhesche (preterite singular)
colhische (preterite singular)
colheche (preterite singular)
colhiche (preterite singular)
colheu (preterite singular)
colheo (preterite singular)
colhio (preterite singular)
colhiu (preterite singular)
colhemos (plural preterite)
colhestes (plural preterite)
colheron (plural preterite)
colhera (pluperfect singular)
colheras (pluperfect singular)
colheramos (pluperfect plural)
colhêramos (pluperfect plural)
colherades (pluperfect plural)
colhêrades (pluperfect plural)
colheran (pluperfect plural)
colherei (future singular)
colherás (future singular)
colherá (future singular)
colheremos (future plural)
colheredes (future plural)
colherán (future plural)
colheria (conditional singular)
colherias (conditional singular)
colheriamos (conditional plural)
colheríamos (conditional plural)
colheriades (conditional plural)
colheríades (conditional plural)
colherian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
colha (present singular)
colhas (present singular)
colhamos (plural present)
colhades (plural present)
colhan (plural present)
colhesse (imperfect singular)
colhesses (imperfect singular)
colhessemos (imperfect plural)
colhêssemos (imperfect plural)
colhessedes (imperfect plural)
colhêssedes (imperfect plural)
colhessen (imperfect plural)
colher (future singular)
colheres (future singular)
colhermos (future plural)
colherdes (future plural)
colheren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
colhe (singular)
culhe (singular)
colhamos (plural)
colhede (plural)
non colhas (negative singular)
non colhamos (negative plural)
non colhades (negative plural)
colher (imperative infinitive personal singular)
colheres (infinitive personal singular)
colher (infinitive personal singular)
colhermos (infinitive personal plural)
colherdes (infinitive personal plural)
colheren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: coller

Portuguese: colher

Inherited from Latin colligere (“to collect, to gather”).


fame

Fala: fomi

Galician: fame

Portuguese: fome

From Vulgar Latin *fam(i)ne(m), or more likely *famen, from Latin famēs (“hunger”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰH- (“to disappear”). Cognate with Old Spanish fambre.

der

nen fame nen ſede. nen frio

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 50 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/139small.gif] facsimile])


dedo

Fala: deu

Galician: dedo

Portuguese: dedo (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin digitum.
Cognate with Old Spanish dedo.


en-

Galician: en-

Portuguese: en-

From Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”).


profeta

profetas (plural)
propheta (alternative)

Galician: profeta

Portuguese: profeta

Learned borrowing from Latin prophēta, borrowed from Ancient Greek προφήτης (prophḗtēs), from προ- (pro-) + φημί (phēmí) + -της (-tēs).


arqueiro

Galician: arqueiro

Portuguese: arqueiro

From Late Latin *arcārius, alteration of arcuārius (“of bows”), from Latin arcus (“bow”). By surface analysis, arco + -eiro.


padre

head

padre m (plural padres, feminine madre, feminine plural madres)

padres (plural)
madre (feminine)
madres (feminine plural)

Galician: padre

Portuguese: padre (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin patrem, accusative singular of pater (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.

Eſta e como Santa maria guardou ao fillo do judeu que non ardeſſe que ſeu padre deitara no forno.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 4 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/058.html] facsimile])

This one is (about) how Holy Mary protected from being burnt the son of the Jew whose father had lain him in the furnace.


arco

Fala: arcu, alcu

Galician: arco

Portuguese: arco

→ Indonesian: arku

Inherited from Latin arcus, from Proto-Italic *arkuos.


Italia

Galician: Italia

Portuguese: Itália (see there for further descendants)

Learned borrowing from Latin Ītalia, from Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā), possibly borrowed from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú).

Ytalia (alternative)
Eytalia (alternative)


pulga

Galician: pulga

Portuguese: pulga

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *pūlica, from Latin pūlex (“flea”). Cognate with Old Spanish pulga.

flea (a small, wingless, parasitic insect of the order Siphonaptera, renowned for its bloodsucking habits and jumping abilities)


colo

Fala: colu

Galician: colo

Portuguese: colo

Inherited from Latin collum. Cognate with Old Spanish cuello and Old French col.


Egipto

Galician: Exipto

Portuguese: Egipto, Egito

From Latin Aegyptus (“Egypt”), from Ancient Greek Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos, “Egypt”).

der

fugiu con el a Egipto. terra de Reẏ Faraon.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 14 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/080.html] facsimile])

ran away with him to Egypt, land of the Pharaoh king.

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


agro

nos damos a isse Pedro Pedrez un agro que jaz sobrela egreia de Uillanoua en Seloure a chantar de pereyros et de mazeyras

1259, Andrés Martínez Salazar, editor, Documentos gallegos de los siglos XIII al XVI, A Coruña: Casa de la Misericordia, page 44:

we give this Pedro Pérez a field that is over the church of Vilanova in Sillobre, for planting there pear and apple trees

enclosed farmland usually comprising a single property


emperador

Galician: emperador

Portuguese: imperador

E, se eu fosse emperador ou rei, era muito de mi avĩir assi de vós, sen[h]or, com’eu depois cuidei, e vejo ben que lazerarei i; mais non poss’eu meu coraçon forçar que non cuide com’el quiser cuidar.

(Can we date this quote?), Afonso Pais de Braga, Ai mia senhor, sempr’eu a Deus roguei [Oh my lady, always hav'I to God pleaded]:

And, were I emperor or king, it would be great for that to come upon me, concerning you, lady, as I later thought, and I can see well that I shall suffer for that; but I cannot force my heart not to think whatever it may want to think.


terra

Galician: terra

Portuguese: terra

ground (the surface of the Earth outside buildings)

dry land (places outside a body of water)

field (wide, open space used to grow crops or to hold farm animals)


gai

Galician: gaio

Portuguese: gaio

Probably from Latin gaudium (“joy”), as borrowed from Old Occitan gai; alternatively of Germanic origin. Cognate with English gay and Italian gaio.

Cuid'eu que gai é, de piss'arreitado

late 13rd century - early 14th century, Fernando Esquio, A un frade dizem escarallado:

I believe he gets happy when his dick's erect


mel

Galician: mel

Portuguese: mel

From Latin mel, from Vulgar Latin *melem m or f, from Latin mel n.

[…] que ſon mais doceſ ca mel […]

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 278 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/498small.gif] facsimile]):


sobrinho

sobrinhos (plural)
sobrinno (alternative)

Galician: sobriño

Portuguese: sobrinho

Inherited from Latin sobrīnus (“maternal cousin”), substantivised form of the Proto-Italic adjective *swezrīnos (“of the sister”). Compare Old Leonese sopbrino and Old Spanish sobrino.

inh+

ca me(us) ssobri(nhos) som

1525-1526, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Airas Nunes, B 883: Desfiar enviaron ora de Tudela (facsimile)


aire

Fala: airi

Galician: aire, ar

Portuguese: ar

Inherited from Latin āēr, from Ancient Greek ἀήρ (aḗr). Cognate with Old Spanish ayre.

aar (alternative)
aer (alternative)
aere (alternative)
ayre (alternative)
ayro (alternative)
eer (alternative)


mar

Galician: mar m

Portuguese: mar m (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin mare (“sea”), from Proto-Indo-European *móri (“sea”).

13th century, Vindel manuscript, Martín Codax, Mia irmana fremosa, treides comigo (facsimile)

Lovely sister, come willingly / To the church in Vigo, where the sea is up, / And we will gaze at the waves.


professor

Fala: profesol

Galician: profesor

Portuguese: professor

1454, Michael de Villaboa, [Galicia Histórica]; republished as chapter 107, in Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, 1901–1903, page 469:


quite

quites (plural)
quieto (alternative)
quito (alternative)
quita (alternative)

Portuguese: quite

Borrowed from Old French quite, borrowed from Latin quiētus, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁-. Doublet of quedo.


mes

Fala: mes

Galician: mes

Portuguese: mês

Muitos gafos sãou a Emperadriz en aquele mes;
mas de grand' algo que porên lle davan ela ren non pres,
mas andou en muitas romarías, e depois ben a tres
meses entrou na cidade de Roma, u ér' o cortês
Emperador, que a chamou e disso-lle: “Ves?
Guári-m' est' irmão gaf', e dar-ch-ei grand' haver.”

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, , cantiga 5 ([ facsimile]), lines 135–140:


ave

Galician: ave

Portuguese: ave

From Latin avis (“bird”), from Proto-Italic *awis (“bird”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis (“bird”).

aue nen beſta dele non comiu per ren.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 124 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/252small.gif] facsimile])

Neither bird nor beast would eat him for anything.


ave

Galician: ave

Portuguese: ave

Entre aue eua gran departimenta.
(Entre Av'e Eva gran departiment'a)

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 60 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob065small.gif] facsimile])

Between ave and Eve there is a great difference.


aver

aver (infinitive)
avendo (gerund)
gerund of haver + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
avudo (masculine participle past singular)
avido (masculine participle past singular)
avudos (masculine participle past plural)
avidos (masculine participle past plural)
avuda (feminine participle past singular)
avida (feminine participle past singular)
avudas (feminine participle past plural)
avidas (feminine participle past plural)
avente (participle past present singular)
aventes (participle past plural present)
ei (present singular)
ajo (present singular)
ás (present singular)
á (present singular)
ai (present singular)
avemos (plural present)
avedes (plural present)
an (plural present)
avia (imperfect singular)
avias (imperfect singular)
aviamos (imperfect plural)
avíamos (imperfect plural)
aviades (imperfect plural)
avíades (imperfect plural)
avian (imperfect plural)
ouve (preterite singular)
oue (preterite singular)
ouveste (preterite singular)
ouviste (preterite singular)
ouvesche (preterite singular)
ouvische (preterite singular)
ouveche (preterite singular)
ouviche (preterite singular)
ouvo (preterite singular)
ouvemos (plural preterite)
ouveron (plural preterite)
foron (plural preterite)
ouvera (pluperfect singular)
ouveras (pluperfect singular)
ouveramos (pluperfect plural)
ouvéramos (pluperfect plural)
ouverades (pluperfect plural)
ouvérades (pluperfect plural)
ouveran (pluperfect plural)
averei (future singular)
averás (future singular)
averá (future singular)
averemos (future plural)
averedes (future plural)
averán (future plural)
averia (conditional singular)
averias (conditional singular)
averiamos (conditional plural)
averíamos (conditional plural)
averiades (conditional plural)
averíades (conditional plural)
averian (conditional plural)
present of haver + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
future of haver + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
aja (present singular)
ajas (present singular)
ajamos (plural present)
ajades (plural present)
ajan (plural present)
ouvesse (imperfect singular)
ouvesses (imperfect singular)
ouvessemos (imperfect plural)
ouvéssemos (imperfect plural)
ouvessedes (imperfect plural)
ouvéssedes (imperfect plural)
ouvessen (imperfect plural)
ouver (future singular)
oer (future singular)
ouveres (future singular)
ouer (future singular)
ouvermos (future plural)
ouermos (future plural)
ouverdes (future plural)
ouveren (future plural)
oueren (future plural)
ave (singular)
ajamos (plural)
avede (plural)
non ajas (negative singular)
non ajamos (negative plural)
non ajades (negative plural)
aver (imperative infinitive personal singular)
averes (infinitive personal singular)
aver (infinitive personal singular)
avermos (infinitive personal plural)
averdes (infinitive personal plural)
averen (infinitive personal plural)
haver (alternative)

Galician: haber

Portuguese: haver

Inherited from Latin habēre (“to have, to hold, to possess”). Cognate with Old Spanish and Old Occitan aver, Old French aveir.

inh+

Pedro a duas filhas.


levantar

(transitive) to build; to build up; to raise (a structure)

(reflexive) to get up (rise from one’s bed)


nome

Fala: nomi

Galician: nome

Portuguese: nome

Inherited from Latin nōmen (“name”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥.

[…] Loado ſeia ſeu Nome.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 111 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/233small.gif] facsimile])


vara

Inherited from Latin vāra (“fork”). Cognate with Old Spanish vara.

(measure) vara, a Portuguese rod, yard or ell, a traditional unit of length


nio

desc

Galician: niño, nin, nío, ninho (reintegrationist)

Portuguese: ninho (see there for further descendants)

From Latin nīdus (“nest”), from Proto-Italic *nizdos (“nest”), from Proto-Indo-European *nisdós (“nest”).


-a

Galician: -a

Portuguese: -a


-a

Fala: -a

Galician: -a

Portuguese: -a

Inherited from Latin -at, from Proto-Italic *-āt, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti.

amar (“to love”) + -a → ama (“[he/she/it] loves”)

cantar (“to sing”) + -a → canta (“[he/she/it] sings”)

second-person singular
second-person singular#English

a suffix indicating the second-person singular present indicative of a verb in -ar


tio

head

tio m (plural tios, feminine tia, feminine plural tias)

tios (plural)
tia (feminine)
tias (feminine plural)

Galician: tío

Portuguese: tio

Inherited from Late Latin thīum, from Ancient Greek θεῖος (theîos) Cognate with Old Spanish tio.


merda

Fala: merda

Galician: merda

Portuguese: merda

Inherited from Latin merda, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)merd-.

etymon

[…]e non peytedes senon quatro coomias a saber: en umezio rouso furto e merda en boca e isto seja provado per enquisa d'omees boos, de tres vilas de vosa friysia, e pectade por omezio dez maravidis, a meyadade pera mi e meyadade ao concelo, e por rouso e por merda en boca outro tanto, e furtu qual for achado tal peyte.

1255 July 10, Joham Suariz, “Carta de foro de Condudo”, in Hoc est registrum Donni Alfonsi […] , Lisbon, page 62; republished as Leontina Ventura, António Resende de Oliveira, editors, Chancelaria de D. Afonso III, volume I, number 1, Coimbra: UC, 2006 November 10, →ISBN, page 46: