tardar

tardar (infinitive)
tardando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
tardado (masculine participle past singular)
tardados (masculine participle past plural)
tardada (feminine participle past singular)
tardadas (feminine participle past plural)
tardante (participle past present singular)
tardantes (participle past plural present)
tardo (present singular)
tardas (present singular)
tarda (present singular)
tardamos (plural present)
tardades (plural present)
tardan (plural present)
tardava (imperfect singular)
tardavas (imperfect singular)
tardavamos (imperfect plural)
tardávamos (imperfect plural)
tardavades (imperfect plural)
tardávades (imperfect plural)
tardavan (imperfect plural)
tardei (preterite singular)
tardaste (preterite singular)
tardasche (preterite singular)
tardache (preterite singular)
tardou (preterite singular)
tardamos (plural preterite)
tardastes (plural preterite)
tardaron (plural preterite)
tardara (pluperfect singular)
tardaras (pluperfect singular)
tardaramos (pluperfect plural)
tardáramos (pluperfect plural)
tardarades (pluperfect plural)
tardárades (pluperfect plural)
tardaran (pluperfect plural)
tardarei (future singular)
tardarás (future singular)
tardará (future singular)
tardaremos (future plural)
tardaredes (future plural)
tardarán (future plural)
tardaria (conditional singular)
tardarias (conditional singular)
tardariamos (conditional plural)
tardaríamos (conditional plural)
tardariades (conditional plural)
tardaríades (conditional plural)
tardarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tarde (present singular)
tardes (present singular)
tardemos (plural present)
tardedes (plural present)
tarden (plural present)
tardasse (imperfect singular)
tardasses (imperfect singular)
tardassemos (imperfect plural)
tardássemos (imperfect plural)
tardassedes (imperfect plural)
tardássedes (imperfect plural)
tardassen (imperfect plural)
tardar (future singular)
tardares (future singular)
tardarmos (future plural)
tardardes (future plural)
tardaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tarda (singular)
tardemos (plural)
tardade (plural)
non tardes (negative singular)
non tardemos (negative plural)
non tardedes (negative plural)
tardar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
tardares (infinitive personal singular)
tardar (infinitive personal singular)
tardarmos (infinitive personal plural)
tardardes (infinitive personal plural)
tardaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: tardar

Portuguese: tardar

Inherited from Latin tardāre (“to delay”).

inh+

e logo chegar..a alma tomar demões q̇ a leuarõ mui toſte ſẽ tardar

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 26 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/099.html] facsimile])

and soon devils arrived, seizing the soul, and took it very quickly without delay

(intransitive) to be late; to delay oneself


profeso

head

profeso m (plural profesos, feminine profesa, feminine plural profesas)

profesos (plural)
profesa (feminine)
profesas (feminine plural)
professo (alternative)

professed (admitted to a religious order)


profeso

Galician: profeso

Portuguese: professo

professor (one who has professed or taken vows in a religious order)


nado

nado m (plural nados, feminine nada, feminine plural nadas)

nados (plural)
nada (feminine)
nadas (feminine plural)

Galician: nado

Portuguese: nado

Inherited from Latin nātus, perfect active participle of nāscor (“to be born”).


templo

templos (plural)
tenplo (alternative)
tẽplo (alternative)
tẽpro (alternative)

Galician: templo

Portuguese: templo

Borrowed from Latin templum, from Proto-Indo-European *t(e)mp-lo-s, from the root *temp- (“to stretch, string”).

Eſta quarta e como sãta maria leuou ſeu fillo ao templo e o ofereçeu a ſan ſimeon.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 417 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob093small.gif] facsimile])

This fourth (song) tells how Holy Mary took Her son to the Temple and presented Him to Saint Simeon.


vedes

13th century, Pero da Ponte, Quem a sesta quiser dormir (facsimile)

And you see how much got dressed / for having a cold kitchen / the noble knight, that did not order / this year to light the fire;

E vedes que bem se guisou / de fria cozinha teer / o infançom, ca nom mandou / des ogan'i fogo acender;

alternative spelling of veedes, second-person plural present indicative of veer


vejo

Galician: vexo

Portuguese: vejo

first-person singular present indicative of veer


viste

Portuguese: viste

second-person singular preterite indicative of veer


alho

Galician: allo

Portuguese: alho (see there for further descendants)


camelo

camelo m (plural camelos, feminine camela, feminine plural camelas)

camelos (plural)
camela (feminine)
camelas (feminine plural)
camello (alternative)

Galician: camelo

Portuguese: camelo (see there for further descendants)

From Vulgar Latin *camēllus, from Latin camēlus, from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos), ultimately from Proto-Semitic *gamal-. Cognate with Old Spanish camello.

Non quereu donzela fea / Que […] faça come cameles.

13th century, Afonso X, [cantiga 476]; republished as Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Italy, c. 1525–1526, cantiga 476:

I do not want an ugly maiden who stinks like a camel.


milho

Fala: millu

Galician: millo

Portuguese: milho (see there for further descendants)

millet (a group of various types of grass or its grains)


nevar

nevar (infinitive)
nevando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
nevado (masculine participle past singular)
nevados (masculine participle past plural)
nevada (feminine participle past singular)
nevadas (feminine participle past plural)
nevante (participle past present singular)
nevantes (participle past plural present)
nevo (present singular)
nevas (present singular)
neva (present singular)
nevamos (plural present)
nevades (plural present)
nevan (plural present)
nevava (imperfect singular)
nevavas (imperfect singular)
nevavamos (imperfect plural)
nevávamos (imperfect plural)
nevavades (imperfect plural)
nevávades (imperfect plural)
nevavan (imperfect plural)
nevei (preterite singular)
nevaste (preterite singular)
nevasche (preterite singular)
nevache (preterite singular)
nevou (preterite singular)
nevamos (plural preterite)
nevastes (plural preterite)
nevaron (plural preterite)
nevara (pluperfect singular)
nevaras (pluperfect singular)
nevaramos (pluperfect plural)
neváramos (pluperfect plural)
nevarades (pluperfect plural)
nevárades (pluperfect plural)
nevaran (pluperfect plural)
nevarei (future singular)
nevarás (future singular)
nevará (future singular)
nevaremos (future plural)
nevaredes (future plural)
nevarán (future plural)
nevaria (conditional singular)
nevarias (conditional singular)
nevariamos (conditional plural)
nevaríamos (conditional plural)
nevariades (conditional plural)
nevaríades (conditional plural)
nevarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
neve (present singular)
neves (present singular)
nevemos (plural present)
nevedes (plural present)
neven (plural present)
nevasse (imperfect singular)
nevasses (imperfect singular)
nevassemos (imperfect plural)
nevássemos (imperfect plural)
nevassedes (imperfect plural)
nevássedes (imperfect plural)
nevassen (imperfect plural)
nevar (future singular)
nevares (future singular)
nevarmos (future plural)
nevardes (future plural)
nevaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
neva (singular)
nevemos (plural)
nevade (plural)
non neves (negative singular)
non nevemos (negative plural)
non nevedes (negative plural)
nevar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
nevares (infinitive personal singular)
nevar (infinitive personal singular)
nevarmos (infinitive personal plural)
nevardes (infinitive personal plural)
nevaren (infinitive personal plural)

Fala: neval

Galician: nevar

Portuguese: nevar

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *sneygʷʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *snígʷʰs
Proto-Italic *sniks
Latin nix
Vulgar Latin *nevem
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Italic *-āō
Latin -ō
Vulgar Latin *nevāre
Old Galician-Portuguese nevar
Inherited from Vulgar Latin *nevāre, ultimately from Latin nivem (“snow”, noun). By surface analysis, neve (“snow”) + -ar.
Cognate with Old Spanish nevar.

surf

Quand aq̃ſte feito ſoube / o poboo dos Romãos / ueẽron aaq̃uel logo / muit a guiſa de criſchãꝰ / os uũs dando diẽiros / outroſ metend y aſ mãos / ⁊ deitaron oſ cimentos / ben per u neuou deꝰ p̃dꝛe

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 309 ([[https://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/550.html] facsimile]):

En outͦ dia demanãa começou odia eſcuro ⁊ ventoſo ⁊ neuaua. Po des q̃ oſſol ſe foy leuãtando foyſſe tirãdo a neue. ⁊ fezo otp̃o moy claro ⁊ moy bõo.

1373 January 20, Fernán Martís, “Et Agora leixa o Conto a falaꝛ deſto poꝛ cõtaꝛ da ſeſta batalla [Now the tale stops talking about that to tell about the sixth battle]” (chapter 180), in Cronica Troiana [Trojan Chronicle], translation of Roman de Troie by Benoît de Sainte-Maure, page 77v:

On another day, in the morning, the day began dark, windy and it snowed. But, as the sun rose, the snow went away and the weather got very clean and good.

E conta que foe achado per homeẽs daquella iterxa que o sguardarom e acharom por cousa prouada / que piella guisa que neua e choue em terra de mauritanya onde esta aquella fonte que per essa meesma guisa crece ou mingua o nillo

1453, Gomes Eanes de Zurara, chapter LXI, in Cronica dos feitos notavees que se passarom na conquista de Guinee; republished as Torquato de Souza Soares, editor, volume I, Lisbon: Academia Portuguesa de História, 1978, page 233:

(intransitive, impersonal) to snow (to have snow fall from the sky)


vinho

vinhos (plural)
vỹo (alternative)
vinno (alternative)
viño (alternative)

Fala: viñu

desc

Galician: viño, vinho (reintegrationist), vĩo (Ancarese)

Portuguese: vinho (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin vīnum, from Proto-Italic *wīnom, from Proto-Indo-European *wóyh₁nom.

Como deꝯ feꝣ uỹo dagua […]

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 23 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/092small.gif] facsimile])


vermelho

head

vermelho m (plural vermelhos, feminine vermelha, feminine plural vermelhas)

vermelhos (plural)
vermelha (feminine)
vermelhas (feminine plural)
vermello (alternative)

Galician: vermello

Portuguese: vermelho (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *vermiclus, from Latin vermiculus (“little worm”).

[…] mia ſennoꝛ bꝛanca e / uermella.

1198, Cancioneiro da Ajuda, Paio Soares de Taveirós, A 38: No mundo non me sei parella (facsimile)

[…] my lady of white skin and / reddish face.


castanho

castanho m (plural castanhos, feminine castanha, feminine plural castanhas)

castanhos (plural)
castanha (feminine)
castanhas (feminine plural)

Fala: castañu

Galician: castaño

Portuguese: castanho

[…] nẽ brãca nẽ vermelha nẽ caſtanha.

13th or 14th century, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Fernando Esquio, B1607: Disse um infante ante sa companha (facsimile)


amarelo

amarelo m (plural amarelos, feminine amarela, feminine plural amarelas)

amarelos (plural)
amarela (feminine)
amarelas (feminine plural)

Galician: amarelo, marelo

Portuguese: amarelo

From Early Medieval Latin amārellus (“yellowish, pale”), derived from Latin amārus (“bitter”).

inh

[…] os coiros delas ſe fendiã / e agua amarela en saya.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 367 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/656small.gif] facsimile])

[…] their skin split / and yellow fluid came out.

Et vendemusuos o dito casal et herdade con pobrança de çinquo armentios, conuen a saber: huun boy ruuyo et outro boy amarello ruuyo, et huna vaca laura roxa et outra ruuya ruuyalua roxa, et outra sua filia de tal collor

1326, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 64

We sell you the aforementioned farm and property populated by five heads of cattle, which are: a reddish ox and another yellow reddish ox, and a dark red cow and another one reddish red, and her daughter of the same color


azeitona

desc

Fala: aceituna, (Mañegu) adeituna, (Lagarteiru) adituna

desctree

Portuguese: azeitona
→ Hunsrik: Asëitona

Borrowed from Arabic الزَّيْتُونَ (az-zaytūna, “the olive”).

bor+

الزَّيْتُونَ


azeite

desc

Fala: (Valverdeñu) aceiti, (Lagarteiru, Mañegu) adeiti

Galician: aceite

Portuguese: azeite

Borrowed from Arabic الزَّيْت (az-zayt).


frio

head

frio (plural frios, feminine fria, feminine plural frias)

frios (plural)
fria (feminine)
frias (feminine plural)


frio

Galician: frío

Portuguese: frio


no

Fala: no

Galician: no

Portuguese: no

et disso que despenderan en tres ueces que fora a San Cibrao a pinnorar a balea et a entregala ccc mor. et disso que ennas pinnaças et no trager da balea metera c mor. et quandor foronon o maestreescola et don Pedro Dias a San Cibrao con quinentos ommes et con xxx a caualo por tomar esta balea aos ommes do infante

1291, E. Cal Pardo, editor, Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo, Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 79:

And he said that he spent, in three times that he went to San Cibrao to pawn the whale and to deliver it, 300 mor.; and he said that in the pinnaces and in the delivery of the whale he spent 100 mor.; and when the schoolmaster and lord Pedro Dias went to San Cibrao with five hundred peons and 30 mounted men, for seizing the whale from the prince’s men.


França

Portuguese: França

France (a country located primarily in Western Europe)


Espanha

Fala: España

Galician: España

Portuguese: Espanha

Inherited from Latin Hispānia, possibly derived from the Punic אי שפן (I-Shaphan, “coast of hyraxes”).

der

os mouros d[e] eſpann[a] e os aflicaos.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 385 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/689small.gif] facsimile])

Iberian Peninsula
Iberian Peninsula#English

the Iberian Peninsula (a peninsula in Southern Europe)


infante

Galician: infante

Portuguese: infante

Como ſanta maria reſucitou hũa infante filla dun Rei

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 122 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/248small.gif] facsimile])

How Holy Mary resurrected the daughter of a King.


camisa

camisas (plural)
camjsa (alternative)
camjssa (alternative)

desc

Fala: camisa, camisha (Lagarteiru, Mañegu)

Galician: camisa

Portuguese: camisa (see there for further descendants)

From Late Latin camisia, borrowed from Proto-West Germanic *hamiþi, from *hamō + *-iþi.

etymon

ela t(ra)ge camiſa / De ſirgo

13th century, Estêvão da Guarda, Pois a todos avorrece; republished as Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Italy, c. 1525–1526, cantiga 1306


goyo

goyos (plural)
goyvo (alternative)
*gouço (alternative)

Portuguese: goivo (via goyvo)

Eſta e a primeira cantiga de loor de ſanta maria ementando os .VII. goyos que ouue de ſeu fillo.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 1 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/054small.gif] facsimile])

This is the first song of praise of Holy Mary, enumerating the 7 joys She had from Her Son.


chão

Galician: chan, chá, chao

Portuguese: chão (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin plānum (“level ground”, noun), from plānus (“flat”, adjective).

inh+

Como hũa moller que perigoóu no mar. ⁊ tragia un fillo pequeno nos braços. ⁊ fezea ſanta maria per címa das aguas andar de pé aſſi como ẏria per un muí bon chão.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 236 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/425.html] facsimile])

How a woman who sank in the sea. And had a small child in her arms. And Holy Mary brought her over the water to walk as she would in a good floor.


chão

head

chão (plural chãos, feminine chãa, feminine plural chãas)

chãos (plural)
chãa (feminine)
chãas (feminine plural)

Galician: chan

Portuguese: chão

Inherited from Latin plānus (“flat”), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”).

Pois a Catiua eſperta. / foi achouſſ en űu camỹo / ancho ⁊ chão ſen pedras / ⁊ andou o mui feſtỹno

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, 325 cantiga Cantiga 325 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/579.html] facsimile])

So the smart captive / went and found herself in a path, / ample and flat, without rocks, / and walked through it very quickly.


pan

pães (plural)
pam (alternative)
pã (alternative)

Fala: pan

Galician: pan

Portuguese: pão (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin pānem. Cognate with Old Spanish pan.

Aquel ſantome […] nunca carne comia nen pan nen bocado / ſe non q[ua]ndo con cĩjſa Era Meſturado

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 95 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/210small.gif] facsimile]):

That holy man […] never ate a mouthful of meat nor bread / except when it was mixed with ashes.


senhor

Galician: señor, señora

Portuguese: senhor, senhora (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin seniōrem, from senex (“old”), from Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”).

senner (alternative)
senor (alternative)
sennor (alternative)

Das que vejo / nom desejo / outra senhor se vós nom; / e desejo / tam sobejo / mataria um leon, / senhor do meu coraçom!

13th century, João de Lobeira, Senhor Genta:

Of the ladies I have seen / My desire is keen / for none but thee; / such desire, / which I respire, / would tear a lion apart, / O lady of mine heart!

[…] don afonſo de caſtela / aquel que […] ueçeu o ſenor dos mouros […]

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 361 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/646.gif] facsimile])

[…] Don Alfonso of Castile, the one that […] defeated the lord of the Moors […]

[…] mia ſennor branca e / uermella.

1198, Cancioneiro da Ajuda, Paio Soares de Taveirós, cantiga 38: No mundo non me sei parella (facsimile)

[…] my white[-skinned] and red[-faced] lady.

Esta é do Córpo de Nóstro Sennor, que un vilão metera en ũa sa colmẽa por haver muito mél e muita cera; e ao catar do mél mostrou-se que éra Santa María con séu fill' en braço.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 128 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/258small.gif] facsimile])

This [cantiga/song] is about the Body of Our Lord, which—because it had much honey and much wax—a peasant had put in one of his beehives; and when he gathered the honey, it revealed itself to be Holy Mary with her son in arms.

[…] bẽeita tu / eſ mia ſennor que pariſte iheſu / xp̃o.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 122 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/250.gif] facsimile])

[…] blessed thou / art, my Lady, who borest Jesus / Christ.


abade

Galician: abade

Portuguese: abade

Inherited from Latin abbātem, accusative singular of abbās (“abbot”), from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).

abbot (superior or head of an abbey or monastery)


destro

destro m (plural destros, feminine destra, feminine plural destras)

destros (plural)
destra (feminine)
destras (feminine plural)

Galician: destro

Portuguese: destro

Inherited from Latin dextrum. Cognate with Old Spanish diestro.

relating to or located on the right side


Maia

Portuguese: Maia


ledo

ledo m (plural ledos, feminine leda, feminine plural ledas)

ledos (plural)
leda (feminine)
ledas (feminine plural)

Galician: ledo

Portuguese: ledo

[…] Mui ledo ſſe tornou / aſſa t[er]ra […]

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 46 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/133small.gif] facsimile])

[…] he returned happy to his homeland […]


nuu

nuu m (plural nuus, feminine nua, feminine plural nuas)

nuus (plural)
nua (feminine)
nuas (feminine plural)
nũu (alternative)

Galician: nu

Portuguese: nu


formiga

Fala: furniga, fulmiga, furmiga

Galician: formiga

Portuguese: formiga (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin formīca, from Proto-Italic *mormīkā, from Proto-Indo-European *morwi-.


mao

head

mao (plural maos, feminine maa, feminine plural maas)

maos (plural)
maa (feminine)
maas (feminine plural)

Galician: mao

Portuguese: mau (see there for further descendants)


pao

Galician: pau

Portuguese: pau (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin pālum, from Proto-Italic *pākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos, from *peh₂ǵ-.


verão

Fala: verán

Galician: verán, vran, vrao, vrau, vra

Portuguese: verão

From Vulgar Latin *veranum (tempus), from Latin vēr (“spring”).

spring, or spring and the early part of the summer; the pleasant season of the year


ventar

ventar (infinitive)
ventando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
ventado (masculine participle past singular)
ventados (masculine participle past plural)
ventada (feminine participle past singular)
ventadas (feminine participle past plural)
ventante (participle past present singular)
ventantes (participle past plural present)
vento (present singular)
ventas (present singular)
venta (present singular)
ventamos (plural present)
ventades (plural present)
ventan (plural present)
ventava (imperfect singular)
ventavas (imperfect singular)
ventavamos (imperfect plural)
ventávamos (imperfect plural)
ventavades (imperfect plural)
ventávades (imperfect plural)
ventavan (imperfect plural)
ventei (preterite singular)
ventaste (preterite singular)
ventasche (preterite singular)
ventache (preterite singular)
ventou (preterite singular)
ventamos (plural preterite)
ventastes (plural preterite)
ventaron (plural preterite)
ventara (pluperfect singular)
ventaras (pluperfect singular)
ventaramos (pluperfect plural)
ventáramos (pluperfect plural)
ventarades (pluperfect plural)
ventárades (pluperfect plural)
ventaran (pluperfect plural)
ventarei (future singular)
ventarás (future singular)
ventará (future singular)
ventaremos (future plural)
ventaredes (future plural)
ventarán (future plural)
ventaria (conditional singular)
ventarias (conditional singular)
ventariamos (conditional plural)
ventaríamos (conditional plural)
ventariades (conditional plural)
ventaríades (conditional plural)
ventarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
vente (present singular)
ventes (present singular)
ventemos (plural present)
ventedes (plural present)
venten (plural present)
ventasse (imperfect singular)
ventasses (imperfect singular)
ventassemos (imperfect plural)
ventássemos (imperfect plural)
ventassedes (imperfect plural)
ventássedes (imperfect plural)
ventassen (imperfect plural)
ventar (future singular)
ventares (future singular)
ventarmos (future plural)
ventardes (future plural)
ventaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
venta (singular)
ventemos (plural)
ventade (plural)
non ventes (negative singular)
non ventemos (negative plural)
non ventedes (negative plural)
ventar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
ventares (infinitive personal singular)
ventar (infinitive personal singular)
ventarmos (infinitive personal plural)
ventardes (infinitive personal plural)
ventaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: ventar

Portuguese: ventar

Tanto que fuy manãa, fezo o sol muy claro et muy bõo, et despois cõmeçou d'escureçer et de chouer et uentar muyto, et todos andauã mollados et anoiados

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 519:

As soon as it dawned it was sunny and clear, but then it darkened and it rained and the wind blew strongly, and everyone was wet and annoyed

(intransitive, impersonal) to blow (the wind)

Mays os mouros ouuerõ a uentar a caua que elles llj faziã

c. 1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: IEOPF, page 873:

But the Moors eventually discovered the mine that they were digging [under the Moor's castle]

(transitive) to have a feeling; to find out; to suspect


tripa

Galician: tripa

Portuguese: tripa

Uncertain; possibly from Arabic تَرْب (tarb, “bowels”), or perhaps connected to Old Norse torf (“turf, sod”) (see e.g. Middle Irish tarpán/torpán (“bunch of grapes; clod”)). See Spanish tripa and Italian trippa.


duas

Galician: dúas

Portuguese: duas


certamente

Um tal home sei que preto sente / de si morte certamente

13th-14th centuries, Denis of Portugal, “Un tal ome sei eu, ai ben-talhada”:


ambar

Galician: ámbar

Portuguese: âmbar

Borrowed from Andalusian Arabic عَنْبَر (ʕánbar).

bor+

[…]e ouro que ham da terra daquelles, e coirama, e lã, e manteiga, e assy queijos que hi ha muytos, e assy tamaras em grande abastança que ham de fora, e ambar, e algallya, e anime, e azeite, e pelles dos lobos marinhos, de que ha muytos no ryo do Ouro, segundo ja ouvistes.

1453, Gomes Eanes de Zurara, “Das legoas que estas caravellas do iffante forom allem do Cabo, e doutras cousas misticas” (chapter LXXVIII), in Chronica do descobrimento e conquista de Guiné; republished as Luís António de Abreu e Lima, editor, Paris: Fain e Thunot, 1841, page 371:


saeta

Galician: seta

Portuguese: seta

Ca a Saeta llentrara aſſẏ / pellos oſſos da faz comaṗṅdi / que non lla podiȧ tirar dali

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 126 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/256small.html] facsimile])

The bolt had gotten into / the bones of his face, as I've heard, / such that they couldn't remove it.


fisico

From Latin physicus, from Ancient Greek φυσικός (phusikós), from φύσις (phúsis, “origin, birth, nature, quality”), from φύω (phúō, “I grow”).

Meeſtre nicolas a meu cuydar e muy bõ ffiſico

1525-1526, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, Afonso Anes do Cotom, B 1584: Meestre Nicolas, a meu cuidar (facsimile)

In my opinion, Master Nicolás is a very good doctor.


alfaiate

Galician: alfaiate

Portuguese: alfaiate

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْخَيَّاط (al-ḵayyāṭ, “the tailor”). Compare Old Leonese alfayat.


mulo

head

mulo m (plural *mulos, feminine mula, feminine plural *mulas)

*mulos (plural)
mula (feminine)
*mulas (feminine plural)

Galician: mulo

Portuguese: mulo

Learned borrowing from Latin mūlus, from Proto-Italic *mukslos. Doublet of muu.

etymon

male mule (hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse)


seguro

Galician: seguro

Portuguese: seguro

certain; sure; positive; definite (of being correct)


rogar

rogar (infinitive)
rogando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
rogado (masculine participle past singular)
rogados (masculine participle past plural)
rogada (feminine participle past singular)
rogadas (feminine participle past plural)
rogante (participle past present singular)
rogantes (participle past plural present)
rogo (present singular)
rogas (present singular)
roga (present singular)
rogamos (plural present)
rogades (plural present)
rogan (plural present)
rogava (imperfect singular)
rogavas (imperfect singular)
rogavamos (imperfect plural)
rogávamos (imperfect plural)
rogavades (imperfect plural)
rogávades (imperfect plural)
rogavan (imperfect plural)
roguei (preterite singular)
rogaste (preterite singular)
rogasche (preterite singular)
rogache (preterite singular)
rogou (preterite singular)
rogamos (plural preterite)
rogastes (plural preterite)
rogaron (plural preterite)
rogara (pluperfect singular)
rogaras (pluperfect singular)
rogaramos (pluperfect plural)
rogáramos (pluperfect plural)
rogarades (pluperfect plural)
rogárades (pluperfect plural)
rogaran (pluperfect plural)
rogarei (future singular)
rogarás (future singular)
rogará (future singular)
rogaremos (future plural)
rogaredes (future plural)
rogarán (future plural)
rogaria (conditional singular)
rogarias (conditional singular)
rogariamos (conditional plural)
rogaríamos (conditional plural)
rogariades (conditional plural)
rogaríades (conditional plural)
rogarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
rogue (present singular)
rogues (present singular)
roguemos (plural present)
roguedes (plural present)
roguen (plural present)
rogasse (imperfect singular)
rogasses (imperfect singular)
rogassemos (imperfect plural)
rogássemos (imperfect plural)
rogassedes (imperfect plural)
rogássedes (imperfect plural)
rogassen (imperfect plural)
rogar (future singular)
rogares (future singular)
rogarmos (future plural)
rogardes (future plural)
rogaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
roga (singular)
roguemos (plural)
rogade (plural)
non rogues (negative singular)
non roguemos (negative plural)
non roguedes (negative plural)
rogar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
rogares (infinitive personal singular)
rogar (infinitive personal singular)
rogarmos (infinitive personal plural)
rogardes (infinitive personal plural)
rogaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: rogar

Portuguese: rogar


tona

Galician: tona

Portuguese: tona

Attested since the 14th century in Galician texts and since the 16th century in Portugal. From a local Celtic substrate language, from Proto-Celtic *tonnā (“skin”), from Proto-Indo-European *temh₂- (“to cut”).

chantarõ suas lanças ante as tẽdas, et en outro dia manãa acharõnas estar frolidas et cõ tona

c. 1390, J. Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Miragres de Santiago, page 96:

they stuck their spears in front of their tents, and the next day in the morning they found them with bark and blooming

Para esto val moito as favas esbrugadas, sen tona, e ben coitas con geullas novas de porco e poñanas tibias sobr[e]lo inchaço

c. 1409, Gerardo Pérez Barcala, editor, A tradución galega do "Liber de Medicina Equorum" de Jordanus Ruffus, page 172:

To this end it is very helpful to use skinned beans, without their peel, well cooked with fresh pork lard and they must put them lukewarm over the swelling


fantastico

head

fantastico m (plural fantasticos, feminine fantastica, feminine plural fantasticas)

fantasticos (plural)
fantastica (feminine)
fantasticas (feminine plural)
famtastico (alternative)

Galician: fantástico

Portuguese: fantástico

Learned borrowing from Latin phantasticus, borrowed from Ancient Greek φανταστικός (phantastikós), from φαντάζω (phantázō) + -τικός (-tikós).

etymon

1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria, Oviedo: Archivum, page 270:

they say that God gave this tree the nature of making dream fantastic visions to the one who sleeps by it and to see false mirages


bombarda

Galician: bombarda

Portuguese: bombarda

Borrowed from Italian bombarda, from Middle French bombarde, from Latin bombus.


rostro

Pero Ares d'Aldãa, tenente lugar ẽna dita billa e torres dela por noso señor o arçebispo de Santiago dom Lopo, e Pero Falcon, juis, Juan Garçia Rouquo, Lourenço Yanes de Pastoris, alcaldes, Alvaro Lopes, Garçia Goterres, Afonso Basques, Fernan Basques, jurados, Pero de Plazer, procurador do dito Conçello, diseron que por rason que algũus mercadores e suas mercadorias e navios se temian e reçeavan de vĩir a esta dita billa e seu porto con as ditas suas mercadorias e navios, entendendo de seer prendados e penorados por las mercadorias que Gonçalvo Correa tomara eno dito porto e levara ẽna barcha chamada per nome "Rostro Fremoso"
Pedro Ares de Aldán, lieutenant in this town [Pontevedra] and it's towers on behalf of our lord the archbishop of Santiado Don Lopo; Xoán Garcia Rouco, Lourenzo Yanes de Pastoriza, mayors; Álvaro López, Garcia Gotérrez, Afonso Vázquez, Fernán Vázquez, councilors; Pedro de Placer, town agent; they said that since certain merchants and their goods and ships feared and distrusted coming to this town and harbor with their mentioned goods and ships, believing that they would be seized and confiscated because of the trade goods that Gonzalo Correa took at this harbor and carried away in the ship named "Beauty Face";

1437, A. Rodríguez González (ed.), Livro do Concello de Pontevedra (1431-1463). Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 127


bainha

Galician: vaíña, baíña

Portuguese: bainha


cousa

Fala: coixa, coixha

Galician: cousa

desc

Portuguese: coisa, cousa (dated), coysa (obsolete) (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin causa (“cause, reason”). Cognate with Old Spanish cosa and Old French chose.

inh+

Eſta primeira é de comel fez ó çeo. ⁊ á terra. ⁊ ó mar ⁊ o ſol. ⁊ á lũa. ⁊ as eſtrelas ⁊ todalas outras couſas q̇ ſon. ⁊ como fez ó ome áſa ſemellança

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 423 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob095small.gif] facsimile])

This first one is (about) how He made the heaven, and the earth, and the sea, and the sun, and the moon, and the stars, and everything else that exists. And how (He) made man in His own likeness.


desfazer

Galician: desfacer

Portuguese: desfazer

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin disfacere. Synchronically des- + fazer.


praia

Galician: praia

Portuguese: praia

From Medieval Latin plagia, possibly from Latin plaga + Ancient Greek πλάγῐος (plágĭos).


folia

Galician: folía

Portuguese: folia

Quen leixar ſ(ant)a m(aria) por outra fara folia.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 132 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob070small.gif] facsimile])

He who leaves Holy Mary for another (woman) acts foolishly.


guitarra

Fala: guitarra

Galician: guitarra

Portuguese: guitarra

Borrowed from Arabic قِيثَارَة (qīṯāra).

(music, hapax legomenon) classical guitar


toste

Portuguese: toste

From Italian tosto, from Latin tostus (“parched”), past participle of torreō (“I parch”).

e logo chegar..a alma tomar demões q̇ a leuarõ. mui toſte ſẽ tardar

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 26 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/099.html] facsimile])

and soon devils arrived, seizing the soul, and took it very quickly without delay


cercar

cercar (infinitive)
cercando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
cercado (masculine participle past singular)
cercados (masculine participle past plural)
cercada (feminine participle past singular)
cercadas (feminine participle past plural)
cercante (participle past present singular)
cercantes (participle past plural present)
cerco (present singular)
cercas (present singular)
cerca (present singular)
cercamos (plural present)
cercades (plural present)
cercan (plural present)
cercava (imperfect singular)
cercavas (imperfect singular)
cercavamos (imperfect plural)
cercávamos (imperfect plural)
cercavades (imperfect plural)
cercávades (imperfect plural)
cercavan (imperfect plural)
cerquei (preterite singular)
cercaste (preterite singular)
cercasche (preterite singular)
cercache (preterite singular)
cercou (preterite singular)
cercamos (plural preterite)
cercastes (plural preterite)
cercaron (plural preterite)
cercara (pluperfect singular)
cercaras (pluperfect singular)
cercaramos (pluperfect plural)
cercáramos (pluperfect plural)
cercarades (pluperfect plural)
cercárades (pluperfect plural)
cercaran (pluperfect plural)
cercarei (future singular)
cercarás (future singular)
cercará (future singular)
cercaremos (future plural)
cercaredes (future plural)
cercarán (future plural)
cercaria (conditional singular)
cercarias (conditional singular)
cercariamos (conditional plural)
cercaríamos (conditional plural)
cercariades (conditional plural)
cercaríades (conditional plural)
cercarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
cerque (present singular)
cerques (present singular)
cerquemos (plural present)
cerquedes (plural present)
cerquen (plural present)
cercasse (imperfect singular)
cercasses (imperfect singular)
cercassemos (imperfect plural)
cercássemos (imperfect plural)
cercassedes (imperfect plural)
cercássedes (imperfect plural)
cercassen (imperfect plural)
cercar (future singular)
cercares (future singular)
cercarmos (future plural)
cercardes (future plural)
cercaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
cerca (singular)
cerquemos (plural)
cercade (plural)
non cerques (negative singular)
non cerquemos (negative plural)
non cerquedes (negative plural)
cercar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
cercares (infinitive personal singular)
cercar (infinitive personal singular)
cercarmos (infinitive personal plural)
cercardes (infinitive personal plural)
cerquaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: cercar

Portuguese: cercar (see there for further descendants)


barbaro

head

barbaro m (plural barbaros, feminine barbara, feminine plural barbaras)

barbaros (plural)
barbara (feminine)
barbaras (feminine plural)
barbari (alternative)
barberi (alternative)
berberi (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin barbarus, borrowed from Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros).


barbaro

Fala: bárbaru

Galician: bárbaro

Portuguese: bárbaro


Alexandre

Galician: Alexandre

desctree

Portuguese: Alexandre, Alexandro
→ Vietnamese: Alexanđê

Learned borrowing from Latin Alexander, from Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros).

Et ficou y este Bordim ata o tempo del papa terçeyro que ouue nume Ougenio, que foy depoys d'Alexandre, el quarto.

1295, anonymous author, chapter 1, in [Crónica Xeral e Crónica de Castela]; republished as Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: Instituto de Estudios Ourensanos, 1975, page 464:

a male given name, equivalent to English Alexander


vila

Galician: vila

Portuguese: vila

Como ſanta maria fez deſcobrir hũa poſta de carne que furtaran a uũs romeus na uila de Rocamador.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 159 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/304.html] facsimile])

How Holy Mary caused to be found a piece of meat which was stolen from some pilgrims in the village of Rocamadour.


orella

13th century. From Latin ōricula, variant of auricula.

todo esto me entra per hũa orella et me sal perla outra

1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 540:

all this comes to me by one ear and out the other


fillo

head

fillo m (plural fillos, feminine filla, feminine plural fillas)

fillos (plural)
filla (feminine)
fillas (feminine plural)


filho

filho m (plural filhos, feminine filha, feminine plural filhas)

filhos (plural)
filha (feminine)
filhas (feminine plural)
fi' (alternative)
fillo (alternative)

Fala: fillu

Galician: fillo

Portuguese: filho (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin fīlius. Compare Old Spanish fijo and Mozarabic פליו (flyw).

Eſta e como Santa maria guardou ao fillo do judeu que non ardeſſe que ſeu padre deitara no forno.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 4 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/058.html] facsimile])

This one is [about] how Holy Mary protected the son of the Jew whose father had laid him in the furnace from being burnt.


sonho

Fala: soñu

Galician: soño

Portuguese: sonho

Inherited from Latin somnium. Cognate with Old Spanish suenno and Old French songe.


telhado

Galician: tellado

Portuguese: telhado


legar

legar (infinitive)
legando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
legado (masculine participle past singular)
legados (masculine participle past plural)
legada (feminine participle past singular)
legadas (feminine participle past plural)
legante (participle past present singular)
legantes (participle past plural present)
lego (present singular)
legas (present singular)
lega (present singular)
legamos (plural present)
legades (plural present)
legan (plural present)
legava (imperfect singular)
legavas (imperfect singular)
legavamos (imperfect plural)
legávamos (imperfect plural)
legavades (imperfect plural)
legávades (imperfect plural)
legavan (imperfect plural)
leguei (preterite singular)
legaste (preterite singular)
legasche (preterite singular)
legache (preterite singular)
legou (preterite singular)
legamos (plural preterite)
legastes (plural preterite)
legaron (plural preterite)
legara (pluperfect singular)
legaras (pluperfect singular)
legaramos (pluperfect plural)
legáramos (pluperfect plural)
legarades (pluperfect plural)
legárades (pluperfect plural)
legaran (pluperfect plural)
legarei (future singular)
legarás (future singular)
legará (future singular)
legaremos (future plural)
legaredes (future plural)
legarán (future plural)
legaria (conditional singular)
legarias (conditional singular)
legariamos (conditional plural)
legaríamos (conditional plural)
legariades (conditional plural)
legaríades (conditional plural)
legarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
legue (present singular)
legues (present singular)
leguemos (plural present)
leguedes (plural present)
leguen (plural present)
legasse (imperfect singular)
legasses (imperfect singular)
legassemos (imperfect plural)
legássemos (imperfect plural)
legassedes (imperfect plural)
legássedes (imperfect plural)
legassen (imperfect plural)
legar (future singular)
legares (future singular)
legarmos (future plural)
legardes (future plural)
legaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
lega (singular)
leguemos (plural)
legade (plural)
non legues (negative singular)
non leguemos (negative plural)
non leguedes (negative plural)
legar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
legares (infinitive personal singular)
legar (infinitive personal singular)
legarmos (infinitive personal plural)
legardes (infinitive personal plural)
legaren (infinitive personal plural)


pedra

Fala: pedra, peira

Galician: pedra

Portuguese: pedra (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra).

Como hũa moller q̇ iogaua os dados en pulla lançou hũa pedra aa omagen de ſ[ant]a mari[a] por q̇ perdera ⁊ parou un angeo de pedra que y eſtava a mão ⁊ reçibiu o colpe.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 294 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/524small.gif] facsimile])

How a woman who was playing dice in Apulia threw a stone at the statue of Holy Mary because she had lost, and an angel of stone which was there reached out its hand and received the blow.


-ava

Galician: -aba

Portuguese: -ava

Inherited from Latin -ābam and Latin -ābat.

amar (“to love”) + -ava → amava (“[I] used to love”)

cantar (“to sing”) + -ava → cantava (“[I] used to sing”)

first-person singular
first-person singular#English

a suffix indicating the first-person singular indicative imperfect of a verb in -ar

amar (“to love”) + -ava → amava (“[he/she/it] used to love”)

cantar (“to sing”) + -ava → cantava (“[he/she/it] used to sing”)

third-person singular
third-person singular#English

a suffix indicating the third-person singular indicative imperfect of a verb in -ar


ajudar

ajudar (infinitive)
ajudando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
ajudado (masculine participle past singular)
ajudados (masculine participle past plural)
ajudada (feminine participle past singular)
ajudadas (feminine participle past plural)
ajudante (participle past present singular)
ajudantes (participle past plural present)
ajudo (present singular)
ajudas (present singular)
ajuda (present singular)
ajudamos (plural present)
ajudades (plural present)
ajudan (plural present)
ajudava (imperfect singular)
ajudavas (imperfect singular)
ajudavamos (imperfect plural)
ajudávamos (imperfect plural)
ajudavades (imperfect plural)
ajudávades (imperfect plural)
ajudavan (imperfect plural)
ajudei (preterite singular)
ajudaste (preterite singular)
ajudasche (preterite singular)
ajudache (preterite singular)
ajudou (preterite singular)
ajudamos (plural preterite)
ajudastes (plural preterite)
ajudaron (plural preterite)
ajudara (pluperfect singular)
ajudaras (pluperfect singular)
ajudaramos (pluperfect plural)
ajudáramos (pluperfect plural)
ajudarades (pluperfect plural)
ajudárades (pluperfect plural)
ajudaran (pluperfect plural)
ajudarei (future singular)
ajudarás (future singular)
ajudará (future singular)
ajudaremos (future plural)
ajudaredes (future plural)
ajudarán (future plural)
ajudaria (conditional singular)
ajudarias (conditional singular)
ajudariamos (conditional plural)
ajudaríamos (conditional plural)
ajudariades (conditional plural)
ajudaríades (conditional plural)
ajudarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
ajude (present singular)
ajudes (present singular)
ajudemos (plural present)
ajudedes (plural present)
ajuden (plural present)
ajudasse (imperfect singular)
ajudasses (imperfect singular)
ajudassemos (imperfect plural)
ajudássemos (imperfect plural)
ajudassedes (imperfect plural)
ajudássedes (imperfect plural)
ajudassen (imperfect plural)
ajudar (future singular)
ajudares (future singular)
ajudarmos (future plural)
ajudardes (future plural)
ajudaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
ajuda (singular)
ajudemos (plural)
ajudade (plural)
non ajudes (negative singular)
non ajudemos (negative plural)
non ajudedes (negative plural)
ajudar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
ajudares (infinitive personal singular)
ajudar (infinitive personal singular)
ajudarmos (infinitive personal plural)
ajudardes (infinitive personal plural)
ajudaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: axudar

Portuguese: ajudar

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 5 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob018.gif] facsimile]):
Eſta ·xviiii· é como ſṫa maria aiudou · á emperadriz de roma · a ſofrer as grãdes coitaſ per que paſſou.
This 19th is how Holy Mary helped the empress of Rome suffer the great pains she underwent.


cabeça

Fala: cabeza

Galician: cabeza

Portuguese: cabeça (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin capitium, from caput + -ium. Since the 12th century in Latin charters.
Cognate with Old Spanish cabeça

etymon

head (part of the body which contains the brain)

(metonymic) head (measure word for livestock)


cabeça

From Latin capitia, from the neuter plural accusative of capitium.

Diuso de aquesti tiempo, Quintilio Vario faziendose subdito de los subiectos con marauellosa soberuia et grant auaricia, de los germanos qui se rebellauan fue destruido con tres legiones. El qual tajamiento et mortaldat de la republica Cesar Agusto la tenia en tanto por mala et grieu, que muchas vegadas por el grant dolor que dende auia, dando con la cabeça a la pared cridaua: "Quintilio Vario riendeme las legiones que yo te di."

ca. 1376-1396, Juan Fernández de Heredia, Ystorias de Orosio

Before this time, Quinctilius Varus, having become a subject of the conquered with marvelous arrogance and great greed, was destroyed by German rebels along with three legions. Augustus took this reduction [in the forces], this mortality of the Republic, so badly and with such grief, that he would often, in great pain, hit his head against a wall shouting, "Quinctilius Varus, give me back my legions!"


chamar

chamar (infinitive)
chamando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
chamado (masculine participle past singular)
chamados (masculine participle past plural)
chamada (feminine participle past singular)
chamadas (feminine participle past plural)
chamante (participle past present singular)
chamantes (participle past plural present)
chamo (present singular)
chamas (present singular)
chama (present singular)
chamamos (plural present)
chamades (plural present)
chaman (plural present)
chamava (imperfect singular)
chamavas (imperfect singular)
chamavamos (imperfect plural)
chamávamos (imperfect plural)
chamavades (imperfect plural)
chamávades (imperfect plural)
chamavan (imperfect plural)
chamei (preterite singular)
chamaste (preterite singular)
chamasche (preterite singular)
chamache (preterite singular)
chamou (preterite singular)
chamamos (plural preterite)
chamastes (plural preterite)
chamaron (plural preterite)
chamara (pluperfect singular)
chamaras (pluperfect singular)
chamaramos (pluperfect plural)
chamáramos (pluperfect plural)
chamarades (pluperfect plural)
chamárades (pluperfect plural)
chamaran (pluperfect plural)
chamarei (future singular)
chamarás (future singular)
chamará (future singular)
chamaremos (future plural)
chamaredes (future plural)
chamarán (future plural)
chamaria (conditional singular)
chamarias (conditional singular)
chamariamos (conditional plural)
chamaríamos (conditional plural)
chamariades (conditional plural)
chamaríades (conditional plural)
chamarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
chame (present singular)
chames (present singular)
chamemos (plural present)
chamedes (plural present)
chamen (plural present)
chamasse (imperfect singular)
chamasses (imperfect singular)
chamassemos (imperfect plural)
chamássemos (imperfect plural)
chamassedes (imperfect plural)
chamássedes (imperfect plural)
chamassen (imperfect plural)
chamar (future singular)
chamares (future singular)
chamarmos (future plural)
chamardes (future plural)
chamaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
chama (singular)
chamemos (plural)
chamade (plural)
non chames (negative singular)
non chamemos (negative plural)
non chamedes (negative plural)
chamar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
chamares (infinitive personal singular)
chamar (infinitive personal singular)
chamarmos (infinitive personal plural)
chamardes (infinitive personal plural)
chamaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: chamar

Portuguese: chamar (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin clāmāre (“to cry out”).

inh+

(pronominal) to be called (to have a specific name)


escolher

Galician: escoller

Portuguese: escolher


aldeia

aldeias (plural)
aldea (alternative)
aldeya (alternative)

Galician: aldea

Portuguese: aldeia

From Arabic اَلضَّيْعَة (aḍ-ḍayʕa, “village”).


natureza

Galician: natureza

Portuguese: natureza

From natura + -eza or, since the suffix is usually appended to adjectives, from Latin nātūrāle + -eza with posterior regular elision of intervocalic /-l-/ (compare Asturian and Spanish naturaleza).


preto

head

preto m (plural pretos, feminine preta, feminine plural pretas)

pretos (plural)
preta (feminine)
pretas (feminine plural)

Galician: preto

Ladino: preto

Portuguese: preto

From earlier *apreto, from apretar, from Late Latin appectorāre, from Latin pectus (“chest”).


preto

Galician: preto

Portuguese: perto

[…] que pã nõ comeu nẽ bocado nen beueu agua nẽ uỹo ata que preto de Silve foi quando aluzeçia.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 325 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/579.html] facsimile])

[…] that she didn’t eat bread nor morsel, neither drank water nor wine until she was near Silves during sunrise.


cavaleiro

Galician: cabaleiro

Portuguese: cavaleiro

Inherited from Late Latin caballārius (“horseman”), from Latin caballus. By surface analysis, cavalo + -eiro.

inh+

a noble ranked below an infançon and above an escudeiro


besta

bestas (plural)
bestia (alternative)
bescha (alternative)

Galician: besta

Portuguese: besta

Probably borrowed from Latin bēstia (“beast”).

aue nen beſta dele non comiu per ren.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 124 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/252small.gif] facsimile])

Neither bird nor beast would eat him for anything.

beast (a non-human animal, especially large vertebrate quadrupeds)

a beſtia de balaam

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 147 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/285small.gif] facsimile])


braço

Galician: brazo

Portuguese: braço

From Latin brachium, bracchium, from Ancient Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn, “arm”), from βραχύς (brakhús, “short”), from Proto-Indo-European *mréǵʰus (“short, brief”).

der

[…] pelo braço lle sayu / uiua aquela aranna.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 222 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/403small.gif] facsimile])

[…] that spider emerged alive from his arm.


forçar

forçar (infinitive)
forçando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
forçado (masculine participle past singular)
forçados (masculine participle past plural)
forçada (feminine participle past singular)
forçadas (feminine participle past plural)
forçante (participle past present singular)
forçantes (participle past plural present)
forço (present singular)
forças (present singular)
força (present singular)
forçamos (plural present)
forçades (plural present)
forçan (plural present)
forçava (imperfect singular)
forçavas (imperfect singular)
forçavamos (imperfect plural)
forçávamos (imperfect plural)
forçavades (imperfect plural)
forçávades (imperfect plural)
forçavan (imperfect plural)
forcei (preterite singular)
forçaste (preterite singular)
forçasche (preterite singular)
forçache (preterite singular)
forçou (preterite singular)
forçamos (plural preterite)
forçastes (plural preterite)
forçaron (plural preterite)
forçara (pluperfect singular)
forçaras (pluperfect singular)
forçaramos (pluperfect plural)
forçáramos (pluperfect plural)
forçarades (pluperfect plural)
forçárades (pluperfect plural)
forçaran (pluperfect plural)
forçarei (future singular)
forçarás (future singular)
forçará (future singular)
forçaremos (future plural)
forçaredes (future plural)
forçarán (future plural)
forçaria (conditional singular)
forçarias (conditional singular)
forçariamos (conditional plural)
forçaríamos (conditional plural)
forçariades (conditional plural)
forçaríades (conditional plural)
forçarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
force (present singular)
forces (present singular)
forcemos (plural present)
forcedes (plural present)
forcen (plural present)
forçasse (imperfect singular)
forçasses (imperfect singular)
forçassemos (imperfect plural)
forçássemos (imperfect plural)
forçassedes (imperfect plural)
forçássedes (imperfect plural)
forçassen (imperfect plural)
forçar (future singular)
forçares (future singular)
forçarmos (future plural)
forçardes (future plural)
forçaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
força (singular)
forcemos (plural)
forçade (plural)
non forces (negative singular)
non forcemos (negative plural)
non forcedes (negative plural)
forçar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
forçares (infinitive personal singular)
forçar (infinitive personal singular)
forçarmos (infinitive personal plural)
forçardes (infinitive personal plural)
forcaren (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: forzar

Portuguese: forçar


carneiro

Galician: carneiro

Portuguese: carneiro


segar

segar (infinitive)
segando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
segado (masculine participle past singular)
segados (masculine participle past plural)
segada (feminine participle past singular)
segadas (feminine participle past plural)
segante (participle past present singular)
segantes (participle past plural present)
sego (present singular)
segas (present singular)
sega (present singular)
segamos (plural present)
segades (plural present)
segan (plural present)
segava (imperfect singular)
segavas (imperfect singular)
segavamos (imperfect plural)
segávamos (imperfect plural)
segavades (imperfect plural)
segávades (imperfect plural)
segavan (imperfect plural)
seguei (preterite singular)
segaste (preterite singular)
segasche (preterite singular)
segache (preterite singular)
segou (preterite singular)
segamos (plural preterite)
segastes (plural preterite)
segaron (plural preterite)
segara (pluperfect singular)
segaras (pluperfect singular)
segaramos (pluperfect plural)
segáramos (pluperfect plural)
segarades (pluperfect plural)
segárades (pluperfect plural)
segaran (pluperfect plural)
segarei (future singular)
segarás (future singular)
segará (future singular)
segaremos (future plural)
segaredes (future plural)
segarán (future plural)
segaria (conditional singular)
segarias (conditional singular)
segariamos (conditional plural)
segaríamos (conditional plural)
segariades (conditional plural)
segaríades (conditional plural)
segarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
segue (present singular)
segues (present singular)
seguemos (plural present)
seguedes (plural present)
seguen (plural present)
segasse (imperfect singular)
segasses (imperfect singular)
segassemos (imperfect plural)
segássemos (imperfect plural)
segassedes (imperfect plural)
segássedes (imperfect plural)
segassen (imperfect plural)
segar (future singular)
segares (future singular)
segarmos (future plural)
segardes (future plural)
segaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
sega (singular)
seguemos (plural)
segade (plural)
non segues (negative singular)
non seguemos (negative plural)
non seguedes (negative plural)
segar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
segares (infinitive personal singular)
segar (infinitive personal singular)
segarmos (infinitive personal plural)
segardes (infinitive personal plural)
segaren (infinitive personal plural)

Fala: segal

Galician: segar

Portuguese: segar


adormecer

Galician: adormecer

Portuguese: adormecer

Eſta e como ſanta Maria liurou a Abadeſſa prenne q̇ adormecera anto ſeu Altar chorando.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 7 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/069.html] facsimile])

This one is about how Holy Mary acquitted the pregnant abbess who had fallen asleep crying in front of her altar.

to fall asleep (to pass from a state of wakefulness into sleep)


levar

levar (infinitive)
levando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
levado (masculine participle past singular)
levados (masculine participle past plural)
levada (feminine participle past singular)
levadas (feminine participle past plural)
levante (participle past present singular)
levantes (participle past plural present)
levo (present singular)
levas (present singular)
leva (present singular)
levamos (plural present)
levades (plural present)
levan (plural present)
levava (imperfect singular)
levavas (imperfect singular)
levavamos (imperfect plural)
levávamos (imperfect plural)
levavades (imperfect plural)
levávades (imperfect plural)
levavan (imperfect plural)
levei (preterite singular)
levaste (preterite singular)
levasche (preterite singular)
levache (preterite singular)
levou (preterite singular)
levamos (plural preterite)
levastes (plural preterite)
levaron (plural preterite)
levara (pluperfect singular)
levaras (pluperfect singular)
levaramos (pluperfect plural)
leváramos (pluperfect plural)
levarades (pluperfect plural)
levárades (pluperfect plural)
levaran (pluperfect plural)
levarei (future singular)
levarás (future singular)
levará (future singular)
levaremos (future plural)
levaredes (future plural)
levarán (future plural)
levaria (conditional singular)
levarias (conditional singular)
levariamos (conditional plural)
levaríamos (conditional plural)
levariades (conditional plural)
levaríades (conditional plural)
levarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
leve (present singular)
leves (present singular)
levemos (plural present)
levedes (plural present)
leven (plural present)
levasse (imperfect singular)
levasses (imperfect singular)
levassemos (imperfect plural)
levássemos (imperfect plural)
levassedes (imperfect plural)
levássedes (imperfect plural)
levassen (imperfect plural)
levar (future singular)
levares (future singular)
levarmos (future plural)
levardes (future plural)
levaren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
leva (singular)
levemos (plural)
levade (plural)
non leves (negative singular)
non levemos (negative plural)
non levedes (negative plural)
levar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
levares (infinitive personal singular)
levar (infinitive personal singular)
levarmos (infinitive personal plural)
levardes (infinitive personal plural)
levaren (infinitive personal plural)

Fala: leval

Galician: levar

Portuguese: levar

e logo chegar..a alma tomar demões q̇ a leuarõ. mui toſte ſẽ tardar

to take (to carry to a particular destination)


çapato

Galician: zapato

desctree

Portuguese: sapato, çapato (obsolete)
→ Chichewa: nsapato
→ Guajajára: xapat
→ Itsekiri: sabátù
→ Lingala: sapáto
→ Makalero: saapatu (“shoe”)
→ Malay: sepatu
Indonesian: sepatu
→ Hokkien: 十巴拄 (si̍p-pa-tú), 巴拄 (pa-tú)
→ Old Tupi: sapatu
Nheengatu: sapatú
→ Tamil: சப்பாத்து (cappāttu)
→ Tetum: sapatu
→ Urhobo: isabatu


armadura

Galician: armadura

Portuguese: armadura

Inherited from Latin armātūra (“armour”).


pescoço

Fala: pescozu

Galician: pescozo

Portuguese: pescoço

From Old Spanish pescoço (Modern Spanish pescuezo), from *poscoço, from Latin post + Old Spanish coço.

Et telegonus ſe aſanou entonce malam̃t. Et ſe el ouuera en q̃n ſe eſforzaſe el os fezera malandants̃. P̃o cõ todo eſeto nõ lls̃ lo podo mays ſofrer. Et nõ nos ameaçou muyto. mais logo fuj a hũ dels. Et doulle hũa tal punada q̃lle britou o oſo do peſcoço. Et dou cõ el morto en tr̃ra a ſeus pẽeſ.

1373 January 20, Fernán Martís, “Com̃o Telegomus chegou hu era Vlixas. ⁊ Com̃o pelejou cõ os porteyros” (chapter 513), in Cronica Troiana [Trojan Chronicle], translation of Roman de Troie by Benoît de Sainte-Maure, page 192v:


-ano

Fala: -ano

Galician: -ano

Portuguese: -ano

Learned borrowing from Latin -ānus, from -nus, from Proto-Italic *-nos, from Proto-Indo-European *-nós. Doublet of -ão.

etymon

Africa + -ano → africano (“African”)

Italia (“Italy”) + -ano → italiano (“Italian”)


-aste

Galician: -aches, -ache

Portuguese: -aste

Inherited from Latin -āstī, short counterpart to -āvistī.

amar (“to love”) + -aste → amaste (“[you] loved”)

matar (“to kill”) + -aste → mataste (“[you] killed”)

second-person singular
second-person singular#English

a suffix indicating the second-person singular preterite indicative of a verb in -ar


palavra

palavras (plural)
paravla (alternative)
paravoa (alternative)
paravra (alternative)

Fala: palabra

Galician: palabra, palavra

Portuguese: palavra (see there for further descendants)

With hyperthesis from earlier paravla, from Late Latin parabola (“speech”), from Latin parabola (“comparison, illustration”), from Ancient Greek παραβολή (parabolḗ, “comparison; parable”).

der

[…] ⁊ non auia palaura que y fezeſſe mellor.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 202 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/372small.gif] facsimile])

[…] and there was no (other) word which would fit better.


estrela

Galician: estrela

desctree

Portuguese: estrela, estrêla (pre-reform spelling), estrella (pre-standardization spelling)
Guinea-Bissau Creole: strela
Kabuverdianu: strela
Kristang: strela
Saramaccan: teréja, teéja, teéa

From Latin stēlla, from Proto-Italic *stērolā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Cognate with Old Spanish estrella, Old Occitan stella and Old French estoile.

a u(ir)gẽ eſtrela do mar

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 112 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob098small.gif] facsimile])


escrever

Fala: escribil

Galician: escribir

Portuguese: escrever
Annobonese: skeve
Guinea-Bissau Creole: skirbi
Kabuverdianu: skrebi
Papiamentu: skirbi

From Latin scrībere (“to write”), from Proto-Italic *skreiβō, from Proto-Indo-European *skreybʰ- (“to write”).
Cognate with Old French escrivre and Old Spanish escrivir.

der

& tan toſte o mandou Eſcreuer

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 251 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/455small.gif] facsimile])


rosto

Galician: rostro

Portuguese: rosto

⁊ tornoullo roſto negro […]

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 199 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/367small.gif] facsimile])


moer

Galician: moer

Portuguese: moer


raiz

Galician: raíz

Portuguese: raiz (see there for further descendants)

yſaya […] diſſe que aruor ſayria ben da rayz de ieſſe.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 411 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob091small.gif] facsimile])

Isaiah […] said that a tree would spring from the root of Jesse.


sobrancelha

Portuguese: sobrancelha

From sobrencelhas, from Latin supercilia, plural of supercilium (“eyebrow”).

(in the plural) alternative form of sobrencelha


fugir

Fala: fuixhil, fuxil

Galician: fuxir

Portuguese: fugir

From Vulgar Latin *fugīre, from Latin fugere, from Proto-Italic *fugiō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to flee”).

fugiu con el a Egipto. terra de Reẏ Faraon.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 14 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/080.html] facsimile])

ran away with him to Egypt, land of the Pharaoh king.


cano

head

cano (plural canos, feminine cana, feminine plural canas)

canos (plural)
cana (feminine)
canas (feminine plural)

Galician: cano

Borrowed from Old Spanish cano. Doublet of cão, which was inherited.


orelha

Galician: orella

Portuguese: orelha (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin ōricula, variant of auricula.


segurança

seguranças (plural)
segurãça (alternative)

Galician: seguranza

Portuguese: segurança


igreja

igrejas (plural)
egreja (alternative)
egleja (alternative)
ygreja (alternative)

Galician: igrexa

Portuguese: igreja (see there for further descendants)

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin ecclēsia (“church”), from Ancient Greek ἐκκλησία (ekklēsía, “congregation”).

der

como ſṫa M de caſtro xerez guardou agente que sija na ygreia oyndo ſermon dũa traue que caeu de çima da ygreia ſobreles.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 266 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/478.html] facsimile])

How holy Mary of Castrojeriz saved the people, who were in the church listening to the sermon, from a beam which fell from above the church on them.


ferreiro

ferreiros (plural)
fereiro (alternative)
fereyro (alternative)
ferreyro (alternative)

Fala: ferreiru

Galician: ferreiro

Portuguese: ferreiro
→ Old Tupi: pereru

Inherited from Latin ferrārius. By surface analysis, ferro + -eiro.


chorar

chorar (infinitive)
chorando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
chorado (masculine participle past singular)
chorados (masculine participle past plural)
chorada (feminine participle past singular)
choradas (feminine participle past plural)
chorante (participle past present singular)
chorantes (participle past plural present)
choro (present singular)
choras (present singular)
chora (present singular)
choramos (plural present)
chorades (plural present)
choran (plural present)
chorava (imperfect singular)
choravas (imperfect singular)
choravamos (imperfect plural)
chorávamos (imperfect plural)
choravades (imperfect plural)
chorávades (imperfect plural)
choravan (imperfect plural)
chorei (preterite singular)
choraste (preterite singular)
chorasche (preterite singular)
chorache (preterite singular)
chorou (preterite singular)
choramos (plural preterite)
chorastes (plural preterite)
choraron (plural preterite)
chorara (pluperfect singular)
choraras (pluperfect singular)
choraramos (pluperfect plural)
choráramos (pluperfect plural)
chorarades (pluperfect plural)
chorárades (pluperfect plural)
choraran (pluperfect plural)
chorarei (future singular)
chorarás (future singular)
chorará (future singular)
choraremos (future plural)
choraredes (future plural)
chorarán (future plural)
choraria (conditional singular)
chorarias (conditional singular)
chorariamos (conditional plural)
choraríamos (conditional plural)
chorariades (conditional plural)
choraríades (conditional plural)
chorarian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
chore (present singular)
chores (present singular)
choremos (plural present)
choredes (plural present)
choren (plural present)
chorasse (imperfect singular)
chorasses (imperfect singular)
chorassemos (imperfect plural)
chorássemos (imperfect plural)
chorassedes (imperfect plural)
chorássedes (imperfect plural)
chorassen (imperfect plural)
chorar (future singular)
chorares (future singular)
chorarmos (future plural)
chorardes (future plural)
choraren (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
chora (singular)
choremos (plural)
chorade (plural)
non chores (negative singular)
non choremos (negative plural)
non choredes (negative plural)
chorar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
chorares (infinitive personal singular)
chorar (infinitive personal singular)
chorarmos (infinitive personal plural)
chorardes (infinitive personal plural)
choraren (infinitive personal plural)

Fala: choral

Galician: chorar

Portuguese: chorar (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin plōrāre (“to lament”).

inh+

Eſta e como ſanta Maria liurou a Abadeſſa prenne q̇ adormecera anto ſeu Altar chorando.


sonhar

sonhar (infinitive)
sonhando (gerund)
gerund of haver (gerund multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
sonhado (masculine participle past singular)
sonhados (masculine participle past plural)
sonhada (feminine participle past singular)
sonhadas (feminine participle past plural)
sonhante (participle past present singular)
sonhantes (participle past plural present)
sonho (present singular)
sonhas (present singular)
sonha (present singular)
sonhamos (plural present)
sonhades (plural present)
sonhan (plural present)
sonhava (imperfect singular)
sonhavas (imperfect singular)
sonhavamos (imperfect plural)
sonhávamos (imperfect plural)
sonhavades (imperfect plural)
sonhávades (imperfect plural)
sonhavan (imperfect plural)
sonhei (preterite singular)
sonhaste (preterite singular)
sonhasche (preterite singular)
sonhache (preterite singular)
sonhou (preterite singular)
sonhamos (plural preterite)
sonhastes (plural preterite)
sonharon (plural preterite)
sonhara (pluperfect singular)
sonharas (pluperfect singular)
sonharamos (pluperfect plural)
sonháramos (pluperfect plural)
sonharades (pluperfect plural)
sonhárades (pluperfect plural)
sonharan (pluperfect plural)
sonharei (future singular)
sonharás (future singular)
sonhará (future singular)
sonharemos (future plural)
sonharedes (future plural)
sonharán (future plural)
sonharia (conditional singular)
sonharias (conditional singular)
sonhariamos (conditional plural)
sonharíamos (conditional plural)
sonhariades (conditional plural)
sonharíades (conditional plural)
sonharian (conditional plural)
present of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction pluperfect)
preterite of haver (anterior multiword-construction past)
tẽer¹ + past participle (anterior multiword-construction past)
simple pluperfect of haver (multiword-construction)
tẽer¹ + past participle (multiword-construction)
future of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (future multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of haver (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
tẽer¹ + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
sonhe (present singular)
sonhes (present singular)
sonhemos (plural present)
sonhedes (plural present)
sonhen (plural present)
sonhasse (imperfect singular)
sonhasses (imperfect singular)
sonhassemos (imperfect plural)
sonhássemos (imperfect plural)
sonhassedes (imperfect plural)
sonhássedes (imperfect plural)
sonhassen (imperfect plural)
sonhar (future singular)
sonhares (future singular)
sonharmos (future plural)
sonhardes (future plural)
sonharen (future plural)
present subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction perfect present)
imperfect subjunctive of haver (multiword-construction pluperfect)
future subjunctive of haver (future multiword-construction perfect)
sonha (singular)
sonhemos (plural)
sonhade (plural)
non sonhes (negative singular)
non sonhemos (negative plural)
non sonhedes (negative plural)
sonhar (imperative infinitive personal singular)
sonhares (infinitive personal singular)
sonhar (infinitive personal singular)
sonharmos (infinitive personal plural)
sonhardes (infinitive personal plural)
sonharen (infinitive personal plural)

Galician: soñar

Portuguese: sonhar


dromedario

*dromedario (canonical masculine)
*dromedarios (plural)

Galician: dromedario

Portuguese: dromedário

Learned borrowing from Late Latin dromedārius.

etymon

⁊ tgiãno dous dromedarios moỹ corredor̃s ⁊ moỹ ligeyros aſſỹ cõmo auj̃a en ſeu coſtũm.

1373 January 20, Fernán Martís, “Cõmo os tͦỹaos poſerõ ſuas aʒes ⁊ forõ fora da villa” (chapter 121), in Cronica Troiana [Trojan Chronicle], translation of Roman de Troie by Benoît de Sainte-Maure, page 44r:

And he was carried by two very fast and very swift dromedaries, as it was his habit.


geada

desc

Galician: xeada, geada (reintegrationist)

Portuguese: geada

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin gelāta, derived from Latin gelāre (“freeze”). Cognate with Old French gelee.


caralho

Fala: carallu

Galician: carallo

Portuguese: caralho

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *c(h)araculum, from Ancient Greek χάραξ (khárax, “stick”).


sobaco

Fala: sobacu

Galician: sobaco

Portuguese: sovaco, sobaco, suvaco

Of uncertain or obscure origin. Possibly from a crossing of Late Latin or Vulgar Latin subāla (from sub + āla (“wing; armpit”); cf. Romanian subsuoară) with subhircus (from hircus (“male goat; smell of armpits”). Less likely from a Vulgar Latin *subbracchium, from sub- + bracchium. Cognate with Old Spanish sobaco.

E ſam Fꝛamçiſco deſpois q̃ ouue Recebido os ſinaaes das ſamtas chagas. Poꝛ a chaga ſobre dita do coſtado tꝛaʒia os panos ataa os ſobacos.

1470, “De como frey Rufino foy cẽtificado da chaga do coſtado de ſam Framçiſquo”, in Estêvão Eanes, transl., [caronicas dos miniiſtꝛos geꝛaaes da oꝛdem dos fꝛaiꝛes menoꝛes], translation of Chronica XXIV Generalium Ordinis Fratrum Minorum by Arnald of Sarrant, page 31r, column 1:


Perez

Portuguese: Peres


irmão

head

irmão m (plural irmãos, feminine irmãa, feminine plural irmãas)

irmãos (plural)
irmãa (feminine)
irmãas (feminine plural)
yrmão (alternative)
hermão (alternative)
irmao (alternative)

Galician: irmán, ermao, irmao, hermao (Eonavian)

Portuguese: irmão (see there for further descendants)

From Vulgar Latin germānus (“brother”), from Latin germānus (“of siblings”), from germen (“sprout, bud”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁mn̥ (“offspring, seed”), from *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, to give birth”). Cognate with Old Leonese and Old Spanish ermano.

der

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 382 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/683small.gif] facsimile]):
[…] el rey chamou / don manuel ſeu irmão
[…] the King called his brother Don Manuel


verter

Galician: verter

Portuguese: verter

Inherited from Latin vertere, from Proto-Italic *wertō, from Proto-Indo-European *wert-. Cognate with Old Spanish verter.


acaecer

From a Vulgar Latin verb *accadescere, *accadiscere, from *accadēre, from Latin ad- + cadere. Cf. the attested Classical Latin form accidō, accidere.


preço

preços (plural)
prez (alternative)
preso (alternative)

Galician: prezo

Portuguese: preço

From Latin pretium (“price”), from Proto-Indo-European *preti- (“back”).

price (cost required to gain possession of something)


cebola

cebolas (plural)
çebola (alternative)
cebolla (alternative)

Fala: cebola

Galician: cebola

Portuguese: cebola (see there for further descendants)

Inherited from Latin cēpullam, diminutive of Latin cēpa. Cognate with Old Spanish cebolla.

quinze restres de cebolas boas das que ouver en o dito casar de LXVIII cebolas a restre

1347, M. Romaní Martínez, editor, La colección diplomática de Santa María de Oseira (1025-1310):

fifteen plaits of good onions, of the ones produced at that farm, each plait made with 68 onions

Para esto ual a çebolla assada pisada con miucas da terra et con as llesmez et con manteyga rretuda desuu, todo amasado et coyto et meixudo todo ataa que se tome espeso como jngento

1420, Álvaro Eans das Eiras, transl., Tratado de Albeitaria, translation of De Medicina Equorum by Giordano Ruffo, page 131:

for this is valid roasted onion crushed with earthworms and with slugs and melted butter, all together, kneaded and cooked and stirred till is thick as an ointment


vea

From Latin vela, plural of vēlum (“sail of a ship”), from Proto-Indo-European *weg (“to weave a web”).

baixaron a uea

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 5 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/E/065small.gif] facsimile])


namorado

head

namorado m (plural namorados, feminine namorada, feminine plural namoradas)

namorados (plural)
namorada (feminine)
namoradas (feminine plural)


namorado

Galician: namorado

Portuguese: namorado


Roma

Galician: Roma

Portuguese: Roma

Eſta ·xviiii· é como ſṫa maria aiudou · á emperadriz de roma · a ſofrer as grãdes coitaſ per que paſſou.

a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 5 ([[http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cantigas/facsimiles/To/bob018.gif] facsimile])

This 19th is how Holy Mary helped the empress of Rome suffer the great pains she underwent.

Rome (the ancient capital of the Roman Empire; the capital city of the Papal States, in modern-day Italy)


fiador

Galician: fiador

Portuguese: fiador


espelho

Fala: espellu, ispellu

Galician: espello

Portuguese: espelho

Inherited from Vulgar Latin speclum, syncopated form of Latin speculum.


logar

Fala: lugal

Galician: lugar

Portuguese: lugar

Inherited from Late Latin locālem, from Latin locus. Cognate with Old Spanish logar.


companhia

Galician: compañía

Portuguese: companhia

From companha + -ia, from Vulgar Latin *compānia.


primeiro

primeiro m (plural primeiros, feminine primeira, feminine plural primeiras)

primeiros (plural)
primeira (feminine)
primeiras (feminine plural)

Fala: primeiru

Galician: primeiro

Portuguese: primeiro

Inherited from Latin prīmārius (“one of the first”), from prīmus (“first”).


roxo

head

roxo m (plural roxos, feminine roxa, feminine plural roxas)

roxos (plural)
roxa (feminine)
roxas (feminine plural)

Galician: roxo

Portuguese: roxo (see there for further descendants)

Et vendemusuos o dito casal et herdade con pobrança de çinquo armentios, conuen a saber: huun boy ruuyo et outro boy amarello ruuyo, et huna vaca laura roxa et outra ruuya ruuyalua roxa, et outra sua filia de tal collor

1326, M. Lucas Alvarez, M. J. Justo Martín, editors, Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537), Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 64:

We sell you the aforementioned farm and property populated by five heads of cattle, which are: a reddish ox and another yellow reddish ox, and a dark red cow and another one reddish red, and her daughter of the same colour.


cardume

Galician: cardume

Portuguese: cardume

→ Spanish: cardumen


azedo

azedo m (plural azedos, feminine azeda, feminine plural azedas)

azedos (plural)
azeda (feminine)
azedas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Latin acētum (“vinegar”).


azedo

>? Fala: adeu

Galician: acedo

Portuguese: azedo


desejo

Galician: desexo

Portuguese: desejo

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin dēsideus (“desire”), from Latin dēsidia (“sloth, debauchery”).


dever

Fala: debel

Galician: deber

Portuguese: dever

Inherited from Latin dēbēre (“to owe, to must”).

(transitive, intransitive) must; to have to


carreta

Galician: carreta

Portuguese: carreta (see there for further descendants)

Possibly borrowed from Old Catalan carreta.

etymon

1390, Jose Luis Pensado Tomé (ed.), Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I. Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 117

King Charlemagne noticed, and since he was well armed with an excellent chain mail and a very good helm and a very good sword and full with the Grace of God, which was with him, he entered among the lines of the Moors giving large wounds left and right, killing many of them till he arrived where the cart was, and he hit with the sword the pole where the pennon was and cut it down

Et rrei Calrros entẽdeo, et com̃o estaua armado de moi boa loriga et de moy boo elmo et cõ moy boa espada et cõplido de grraça de Deus, que era cõ el, entrou ontre as azes dos mouros dando moy grãdes feridas a destro et seestro, matãdo moytos deles ata que chegou onde estaua a carreta, et dou cõ a espada ẽna aste en que estaua o pendon et cortoo


touro

Galician: touro

Portuguese: touro, toiro