funder

funder (infinitive)
avoir fundé (infinitive multiword-construction)
en fundant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
fundant (participle present)
fundé (participle past)
funt (first-person indicative present singular)
fundes (indicative present second-person singular)
funde (indicative present singular third-person)
fundons (first-person indicative plural present)
fundez (indicative plural present second-person)
fundent (indicative plural present third-person)
fundoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fundeie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fundoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fundeve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fundoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fundeies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fundoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fundeves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fundoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fundeit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fundot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fundeve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fundiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fundiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fundiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fundiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fundoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fundeient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fundoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fundevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fundai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
fundas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
funda (indicative preterite singular third-person)
fundames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
fundastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
funderent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
funderai (first-person future indicative singular)
funderas (future indicative second-person singular)
fundera (future indicative singular third-person)
funderons (first-person future indicative plural)
funderoiz (future indicative plural second-person)
fundereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
funderez (future indicative plural second-person)
funderont (future indicative plural third-person)
funderoie (conditional first-person singular)
fundereie (conditional first-person singular)
funderoies (conditional second-person singular)
fundereies (conditional second-person singular)
funderoit (conditional singular third-person)
fundereit (conditional singular third-person)
funderiiens (conditional first-person plural)
funderiens (conditional first-person plural)
funderiiez (conditional plural second-person)
funderiez (conditional plural second-person)
funderoient (conditional plural third-person)
fundereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
funt (first-person present singular subjunctive)
funz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
funt (present singular subjunctive third-person)
fundons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
fundez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
fundent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
fundasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
fundasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
fundast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
fundissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
fundissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
fundissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fundissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fundissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fundassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
funde (imperative second-person singular)
fundons (first-person imperative plural)
fundez (imperative plural second-person)

French: fonder

→ German: fundieren

→ Middle Breton: fondaff

→ Middle English: founden

English: found

(Anglo-Norman) to build; to construct; to make


profession

fro-noun

profession oblique singular, f (oblique plural professions, nominative singular profession, nominative plural professions)

profession oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
professions (oblique plural)
profession (nominative singular)
professions (nominative plural)

profession; declaration (usually of faith)


gent

gent oblique singular, f (oblique plural genz or gentz, nominative singular gent, nominative plural genz or gentz)

gent oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
genz (oblique plural)
gentz (oblique plural)
gent (nominative singular)
genz (nominative plural)
gentz (nominative plural)

French: gens m pl

Norman: gens m pl

Walloon: djin m pl

From Latin gentem, accusative singular of gēns. The nominative singular descends from a regularized form: oblique stem gent- and 3rd declension nominative -is.

la Franceise gent


gent

head

gent m (oblique and nominative feminine singular gente)

gente (feminine nominative oblique singular)
gens (masculine singular subjective)
gente (feminine singular subjective)
gent (neuter singular subjective)
gent (masculine oblique singular)
gente (feminine oblique singular)
gent (neuter oblique singular)
gente (oblique singular)
gent (oblique singular)
gent (masculine plural subjective)
gentes (feminine plural subjective)
gent (neuter plural subjective)
gent (plural subjective)
gens (masculine oblique plural)
gentes (feminine oblique plural)
gent (neuter oblique plural)
gentes (oblique plural)
gent (oblique plural)

From Latin genitus (“begotten”), perfect passive participle of gignō.


tei

Li Angles Dex li respundi: Tais tei


ire

fro-noun

ire oblique singular, f (oblique plural ires, nominative singular ire, nominative plural ires)

ire oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
ires (oblique plural)
ire (nominative singular)
ires (nominative plural)

→ English: ire

French: ire (now rare)


grieve

third-person singular present indicative of grever


lez

lez oblique singular, m (oblique plural lez, nominative singular lez, nominative plural lez)

lez oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
lez (oblique plural)
lez (nominative singular)
lez (nominative plural)

French: lès, lez

→ English: le


les

li (masculine singular subjective)
la (feminine singular subjective)
le (feminine singular subjective)
le (masculine oblique singular)
la (feminine oblique singular)
li (masculine plural subjective)
les (feminine plural subjective)
les (masculine oblique plural)
les (feminine oblique plural)

Middle French: les
French: les

the (feminine plural oblique definite article)

the (feminine plural nominative definite article)

the (masculine plural oblique definite article)


visage

visage oblique singular, m (oblique plural visages, nominative singular visages, nominative plural visage)

visage oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
visages (oblique plural)
visages (nominative singular)
visage (nominative plural)

Bourguignon: vizaige

Champenois: visaige

French: visage

→ Esperanto: vizaĝo

desctree

→ Middle English: visage
English: visage

→ Italian: visaggio

From Vulgar Latin *vīsāticum, derived from Latin vīsus. By surface analysis, vis + -age. Compare Old Occitan vizatge.


rancor

fro-noun

rancor oblique singular, f (oblique plural rancors, nominative singular rancor, nominative plural rancors)

rancor oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
rancors (oblique plural)
rancor (nominative singular)
rancors (nominative plural)

English: rancor, rancour

French: rancœur


vocation

vocation oblique singular, f (oblique plural vocations, nominative singular vocation, nominative plural vocations)

vocation oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
vocations (oblique plural)
vocation (nominative singular)
vocations (nominative plural)

Borrowed from Latin vocatio, vocationem.

(specifically, euphemistic) passing away; death; an instance of dying


bacon

bacon oblique singular, m (oblique plural bacons, nominative singular bacons, nominative plural bacon)

bacon oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
bacons (oblique plural)
bacons (nominative singular)
bacon (nominative plural)

Middle French: bacon

Picard: bacôn (Athois)

desctree

→ Middle English: bacoun
English: bacon (see there for further descendants)
Scots: bawcon
→ Welsh: bacwn
Yola: bawkoon, bawcoon, bacoon, bakoon

From Frankish *bakō, from Proto-Germanic *bakô.

bacon, salted pork, ham, shank (of a pig)


rote

fro-noun

rote oblique singular, f (oblique plural rotes, nominative singular rote, nominative plural rotes)

rote oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
rotes (oblique plural)
rote (nominative singular)
rotes (nominative plural)

French: route

→ Catalan: ruta

→ Norwegian Bokmål: rute

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: rute

→ Polish: ruta

→ Romanian: rută

→ Spanish: ruta

→ Tagalog: ruta

→ Yámana: ruta

→ Swedish: rutt, route

Gallo: rote

Norman: route

→ Dutch: route
→ Indonesian: rute

desctree

→ Middle English: route
English: route
→ Japanese: ルート

→ Portuguese: rota


rote

French: rote

→ Portuguese: rota


morsel

fro-noun

morsel oblique singular, m (oblique plural morseaus or morseax or morsiaus or morsiax or morsels, nominative singular morseaus or morseax or morsiaus or morsiax or morsels, nominative plural morsel)

morsel oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
morseaus (oblique plural)
morseax (oblique plural)
morsiaus (oblique plural)
morsiax (oblique plural)
morsels (oblique plural)
morseaus (nominative singular)
morseax (nominative singular)
morsiaus (nominative singular)
morsiax (nominative singular)
morsels (nominative singular)
morsel (nominative plural)

desctree

Middle French: morceau
French: morceau
→ English: morceau

Norman: morcé (Jersey, Guernsey)

→ Hungarian: morzsa

→ Middle English: morsel, morselle, morsille, morssel, morscel, morcelle, mursel
English: morsel
Yola: mossaale

From Medieval Latin morsellum (“a bit, a little piece”), diminutive of Latin morsum (“a bit”), neuter of morsus, past participle of mordeō, mordēre (“bite, nibble, gnaw”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)merd- (“to rub, wipe; to pack, rob”).


credence

fro-noun

credence oblique singular, f (oblique plural credences, nominative singular credence, nominative plural credences)

credence oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
credences (oblique plural)
credence (nominative singular)
credences (nominative plural)

desctree

→ Middle English: credence, credance, credans, credaunce, credens, credense, gredense
English: credence

Borrowed from Latin credentia. Compare croiance, creance.


question

fro-noun

question oblique singular, f (oblique plural questions, nominative singular question, nominative plural questions)

question oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
questions (oblique plural)
question (nominative singular)
questions (nominative plural)

desctree

→ Middle English: questioun, question, questiun, questyon, questyounn, qwestyon, qwestioun
English: question
Scots: quaisten, quastin
→ Welsh: cwestiwn

French: question

→ Romanian: chestie, chestiune

Norman: tchestchion (Jersey)

Borrowed from Latin quaestiō, quaestiōnem.

question (verbal statement intended to elicit a response)

question (problem in need of resolution)


cher

head

cher m (oblique and nominative feminine singular chere)

chere (feminine nominative oblique singular)
chers (masculine singular subjective)
chere (feminine singular subjective)
cher (neuter singular subjective)
cher (masculine oblique singular)
chere (feminine oblique singular)
cher (neuter oblique singular)
chere (oblique singular)
cher (oblique singular)
cher (masculine plural subjective)
cheres (feminine plural subjective)
cher (neuter plural subjective)
cher (plural subjective)
chers (masculine oblique plural)
cheres (feminine oblique plural)
cher (neuter oblique plural)
cheres (oblique plural)
cher (oblique plural)


faire

faire (infinitive)
avoir fait (infinitive multiword-construction)
en faisant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
faisant (participle present)
fait (participle past)
faz (first-person indicative present singular)
fai (first-person indicative present singular)
fais (indicative present second-person singular)
fait (indicative present singular third-person)
faimes (first-person indicative plural present)
faisons (first-person indicative plural present)
faites (indicative plural present second-person)
font (indicative plural present third-person)
faisoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
faiseie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
faisoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
faiseies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
faisoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
faiseit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
faisiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
faisiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
faisiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
faisiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
faisoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
faiseient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
feṣis (indicative preterite second-person singular)
fist (indicative preterite singular third-person)
feṣimes (first-person indicative plural preterite)
feṣistes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
firent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
ferai (first-person future indicative singular)
feras (future indicative second-person singular)
fera (future indicative singular third-person)
ferons (first-person future indicative plural)
feroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
fereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
ferez (future indicative plural second-person)
feront (future indicative plural third-person)
feroie (conditional first-person singular)
fereie (conditional first-person singular)
feroies (conditional second-person singular)
fereies (conditional second-person singular)
feroit (conditional singular third-person)
fereit (conditional singular third-person)
feriiens (conditional first-person plural)
feriens (conditional first-person plural)
feriiez (conditional plural second-person)
feriez (conditional plural second-person)
feroient (conditional plural third-person)
fereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
face (first-person present singular subjunctive)
faces (present second-person singular subjunctive)
face (present singular subjunctive third-person)
faciens (first-person plural present subjunctive)
façons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
faciez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
facent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
feṣisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
feṣisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
feṣist (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
feṣissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
feṣissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
feṣissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
feṣissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
feṣissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
feṣissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
fa (imperative second-person singular)
faimes (first-person imperative plural)
faisons (first-person imperative plural)
faites (imperative plural second-person)

Middle French: faire
French: faire

Norman: faire, faithe

Walloon: fé


fer

fro-noun

fer oblique singular, m (oblique plural fers, nominative singular fers, nominative plural fer)

fer oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
fers (oblique plural)
fers (nominative singular)
fer (nominative plural)

desctree

Middle French: fer
French: fer (see there for further descendants)

Norman: fé (France, Jersey), faer (Guernsey), fer (Sark)

Walloon: fier


fer

head

fer m (oblique and nominative feminine singular fere)

fere (feminine nominative oblique singular)
fers (masculine singular subjective)
fere (feminine singular subjective)
fer (neuter singular subjective)
fer (masculine oblique singular)
fere (feminine oblique singular)
fer (neuter oblique singular)
fere (oblique singular)
fer (oblique singular)
fer (masculine plural subjective)
feres (feminine plural subjective)
fer (neuter plural subjective)
fer (plural subjective)
fers (masculine oblique plural)
feres (feminine oblique plural)
fer (neuter oblique plural)
feres (oblique plural)
fer (oblique plural)

Middle French: fier

French: fier

→ Middle English: fer

English: fere

desctree

→ Middle English: fers (from the nominative singular fers)
English: fierce
Yola: fearse

From Latin ferum, accusative of ferus (“wild”).

Quatre pez ad la beste, e mult est de fer estre

Four feet has the beast, and it is of a very ferocious nature


traire

traire (infinitive)
avoir trait (infinitive multiword-construction)
en traiant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
traiant (participle present)
trait (participle past)
trai (first-person indicative present singular)
trais (indicative present second-person singular)
trait (indicative present singular third-person)
traions (first-person indicative plural present)
traiiez (indicative plural present second-person)
traites (indicative plural present second-person)
traient (indicative plural present third-person)
traioie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
traieie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
traioies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
traieies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
traioit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
traieit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
traiiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
traiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
traiiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
traiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
traioient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
traieient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
trais (first-person indicative preterite singular)
traisis (indicative preterite second-person singular)
traist (indicative preterite singular third-person)
traisimes (first-person indicative plural preterite)
traisistes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
traistrent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
trairai (first-person future indicative singular)
trairas (future indicative second-person singular)
traira (future indicative singular third-person)
trairons (first-person future indicative plural)
trairoiz (future indicative plural second-person)
traireiz (future indicative plural second-person)
trairez (future indicative plural second-person)
trairont (future indicative plural third-person)
trairoie (conditional first-person singular)
traireie (conditional first-person singular)
trairoies (conditional second-person singular)
traireies (conditional second-person singular)
trairoit (conditional singular third-person)
traireit (conditional singular third-person)
trairiiens (conditional first-person plural)
trairiens (conditional first-person plural)
trairiiez (conditional plural second-person)
trairiez (conditional plural second-person)
trairoient (conditional plural third-person)
traireient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
traie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
traies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
traie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
traiiens (first-person plural present subjunctive)
traions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
traiiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
traient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
traisisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
traisisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
traisist (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
traisissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
traisissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
traisissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
traisissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
traisissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
traisissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
trai (imperative second-person singular)
traions (first-person imperative plural)
traiiez (imperative plural second-person)

Middle French: traire
French: traire

Norman: traithe, traire

From Early Medieval Latin tragō, from Classical Latin trahō (“I pull”).

(chiefly of a weapon) to draw; to unsheathe

Un anel d'or trait de sun dei

c. 1150, Thomas d'Angleterre, Le Roman de Tristan, Champion Classiques edition, →ISBN, page 164, line 1980:

A plusurs fist traire les denz

to pull out (extract by pulling); to remove (by pulling)


aire

fro-noun

aire oblique singular, m (oblique plural aires, nominative singular aires, nominative plural aire)

aire oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
aires (oblique plural)
aires (nominative singular)
aire (nominative plural)


aire

head

aire m (oblique and nominative feminine singular aire)

aire (feminine nominative oblique singular)


oeil

fro-noun

oeil oblique singular, m (oblique plural ialz, nominative singular ialz, nominative plural oeil)

oeil oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
ialz (oblique plural)
ialz (nominative singular)
oeil (nominative plural)


coup

coup oblique singular, m (oblique plural cous, nominative singular cous, nominative plural coup)

coup oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
cous (oblique plural)
cous (nominative singular)
coup (nominative plural)


bu

bu oblique singular, m (oblique plural bus, nominative singular bus, nominative plural bu)

bu oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
bus (oblique plural)
bus (nominative singular)
bu (nominative plural)


il

Middle French: il
French: il

he (third-person masculine singular subject pronoun)


il

Middle French: ils

French: ils

S'il vos poent ataindre, ja vos areient tué.

If they could range you, they would have already killed you.

they (third-person masculine plural subject pronoun)


le

li (masculine singular subjective)
la (feminine singular subjective)
le (feminine singular subjective)
le (masculine oblique singular)
la (feminine oblique singular)
li (masculine plural subjective)
les (feminine plural subjective)
les (masculine oblique plural)
les (feminine oblique plural)

lo (9th century in The Sequence of Saint Eulalia and 10th century in La Vie de Saint Léger)

the (masculine singular oblique definite article)

(Picardy, Anglo-Norman) the (feminine singular definite article)


le

Middle French: le
French: le


fou

fou oblique singular, m (oblique plural fous, nominative singular fous, nominative plural fou)

fou oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
fous (oblique plural)
fous (nominative singular)
fou (nominative plural)

⇒ French: fouet


ou

French: ou


ou

Middle French: où

French: où

11th century, La Vie de Saint Alexis, BNF manuscript 19525

He gave to the poor wherever he could find them

Dona as povres ou qu'il les pout trouver


pierre

pierre oblique singular, f (oblique plural pierres, nominative singular pierre, nominative plural pierres)

pierre oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
pierres (oblique plural)
pierre (nominative singular)
pierres (nominative plural)

desctree

Middle French: pierre
French: pierre (see there for further descendants)

Walloon: pire

From Latin petra, from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra).


cru

head

cru m (oblique and nominative feminine singular crue)

crue (feminine nominative oblique singular)

Middle French: crud

French: cru


monde

fro-noun

monde oblique singular, m (oblique plural mondes, nominative singular mondes, nominative plural monde)

monde oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
mondes (oblique plural)
mondes (nominative singular)
monde (nominative plural)

Middle French: monde

desctree

French: monde
Saint Dominican Creole French: monde
Haitian Creole: moun
→ English: monde

Norman: maonde

Walloon: monde


monde

head

monde m (oblique and nominative feminine singular monde)

monde (feminine nominative oblique singular)

Middle French: monde

French: monde


jus

Norman: jus

Picard: jus

Walloon: djus

Inherited from Late Latin iūsum~iōsum, from Classical Latin deorsum. Documented from ca. 1000.

juus (14th c. Anglo-Norman, with characteristic /y/ > /u/)

jos

found in texts infl. by Occitan or North Italian


plaire

plaire (infinitive)
avoir pleü (infinitive multiword-construction)
en plaisant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
plaisant (participle present)
pleü (participle past)
plaz (first-person indicative present singular)
plais (first-person indicative present singular)
plais (indicative present second-person singular)
plaist (indicative present singular third-person)
plaisons (first-person indicative plural present)
plaisiez (indicative plural present second-person)
plaisent (indicative plural present third-person)
plaisoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
plaiseie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
plaisoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
plaiseies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
plaisoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
plaiseit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
plaisiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
plaisiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
plaisiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
plaisiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
plaisoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
plaiseient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ploi (first-person indicative preterite singular)
pleüs (indicative preterite second-person singular)
plot (indicative preterite singular third-person)
pleümes (first-person indicative plural preterite)
pleüstes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
plorent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
plairai (first-person future indicative singular)
plairas (future indicative second-person singular)
plaira (future indicative singular third-person)
plairons (first-person future indicative plural)
plairoiz (future indicative plural second-person)
plaireiz (future indicative plural second-person)
plairez (future indicative plural second-person)
plairont (future indicative plural third-person)
plairoie (conditional first-person singular)
plaireie (conditional first-person singular)
plairoies (conditional second-person singular)
plaireies (conditional second-person singular)
plairoit (conditional singular third-person)
plaireit (conditional singular third-person)
plairiiens (conditional first-person plural)
plairiens (conditional first-person plural)
plairiiez (conditional plural second-person)
plairiez (conditional plural second-person)
plairoient (conditional plural third-person)
plaireient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
place (first-person present singular subjunctive)
plaise (first-person present singular subjunctive)
places (present second-person singular subjunctive)
plaises (present second-person singular subjunctive)
place (present singular subjunctive third-person)
plaise (present singular subjunctive third-person)
placiens (first-person plural present subjunctive)
plaçons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
plaisiens (first-person plural present subjunctive)
plaisons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
placiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
plaisiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
placent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
plaisent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pleüsse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pleüsses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pleüst (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pleüssons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pleüssiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pleüssoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pleüssez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pleüssiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pleüssent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
plais (imperative second-person singular)
plaisons (first-person imperative plural)
plaisiez (imperative plural second-person)


baleine

fro-noun

baleine oblique singular, f (oblique plural baleines, nominative singular baleine, nominative plural baleines)

baleine oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
baleines (oblique plural)
baleine (nominative singular)
baleines (nominative plural)

French: baleine

desctree

→ Middle English: baleyne, balena
English: baleen

Latin bālaena, from Ancient Greek φάλαινα (phálaina)


tuer

tuer (infinitive)
avoir tüé (infinitive multiword-construction)
en tuant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
tuant (participle present)
tüé (participle past)
tu (first-person indicative present singular)
tües (indicative present second-person singular)
tüe (indicative present singular third-person)
tuons (first-person indicative plural present)
tüez (indicative plural present second-person)
tüent (indicative plural present third-person)
tuoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tüeie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tuoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tüeve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
tuoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tüeies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tuoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tüeves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
tuoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
tüeit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
tuot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
tüeve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
tuïiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
tuïens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
tuïiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
tuïez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
tuoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
tüeient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
tuoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
tüevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
tuai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
tuas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
tua (indicative preterite singular third-person)
tuames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
tuastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
tüerent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
tüerai (first-person future indicative singular)
tüeras (future indicative second-person singular)
tüera (future indicative singular third-person)
tüerons (first-person future indicative plural)
tüeroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
tüereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
tüerez (future indicative plural second-person)
tüeront (future indicative plural third-person)
tüeroie (conditional first-person singular)
tüereie (conditional first-person singular)
tüeroies (conditional second-person singular)
tüereies (conditional second-person singular)
tüeroit (conditional singular third-person)
tüereit (conditional singular third-person)
tüeriiens (conditional first-person plural)
tüeriens (conditional first-person plural)
tüeriiez (conditional plural second-person)
tüeriez (conditional plural second-person)
tüeroient (conditional plural third-person)
tüereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
tu (first-person present singular subjunctive)
tus (present second-person singular subjunctive)
tut (present singular subjunctive third-person)
tuons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
tüez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
tüent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
tuasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
tuasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
tuast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
tuïssons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
tuïssiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
tuïssoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
tuïssez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
tuïssiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
tuassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
tüe (imperative second-person singular)
tuons (first-person imperative plural)
tüez (imperative plural second-person)

Gallo: tuer

Middle French: tuer

French: tuer

Norman: tuer

Walloon: touwer


putain

fro-noun

putain oblique singular, f (oblique plural putains, nominative singular pute, nominative plural putains)

putain oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
putains (oblique plural)
pute (nominative singular)
putains (nominative plural)

French: pute, putain

→ Welsh: putain

→ Friulian: putan, putane

→ Italian: puttana (see there for further descendants)

→ Aromanian: putanã

→ Piedmontese: putan-a

From pute with the suffix -ain, -aine, or from Vulgar Latin pūtta/*pūttāna, from Latin pūta (“girl”). Compare Old Occitan putan(a).
Latin putta (“prostitute”) is attested in the sixth century (Gregory of Tours). The change of meaning from "girl" to "prostitute" is due to euphemism, a process that is well known to other periods and languages.


place

place oblique singular, f (oblique plural places, nominative singular place, nominative plural places)

place oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
places (oblique plural)
place (nominative singular)
places (nominative plural)

Franc-Comtois: pyaice

French: place

Haitian Creole: laplas (with definite article la)

→ English: laplas

Norman: plache (through Old Northern French plache)

Walloon: plaece

→ Irish: plás (through Anglo-Norman)

desctree

→ Middle Dutch: plaetse
Dutch: plaats (see there for further descendants)
Limburgish: plaotsj, plaatsj
→ West Frisian: pleats

→ Middle High German: plaz

German: Platz (see there for further descendants)

Luxembourgish: Plaz

→ Middle Low German: platse, platze

→ Old Norse: plaz

Danish: plads

Faroese: pláss

Norwegian: plass

Old Swedish: platz

Swedish: plats

→ Middle English: place, plaace, plache, plas, plasce, plase, plasse (conflated with Old English plæċe)
English: place (dialectal pleace)
Pijin: ples
Tok Pisin: ples
Scots: place, pleece

→ Moroccan Arabic: بلاصة (blaṣa)

→ Welsh: plas


mar

head

mar m (oblique and nominative feminine singular mare)

mare (feminine nominative oblique singular)


haut

haut m (oblique and nominative feminine singular haute)

haute (feminine nominative oblique singular)

From Latin altus (“high, tall”), with the /h/ taken from Frankish *hauh, *hōh (“high, tall, elevated”).


haut

desctree

Middle French: hault, haut, ault
French: haut

Gallo: haut

Norman: ĥa (Cotentinais), haut (Guernesiais), haû (Jersiais)

Picard: haût, ôt (Athois)

Walloon: waut (Charleroi), ôt, wôt (Forrières), hôt (Liégeois)

→ Middle English: haut, hawt, haute

English: haut, haught, haute, hawt


past

fro-noun

past oblique singular, m (nominative singular past)

past oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
past (nominative singular)

Middle French: past

From Latin pastus (“pasture”), probably influenced by paste (“dough, pastry”).

Por son abuvrement et por son past.

ca. 1268, Étienne Boileau (ca. 1210–1270), Livre des métiers


present

present oblique singular, m (oblique plural presenz or presentz, nominative singular presenz or presentz, nominative plural present)

present oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
presenz (oblique plural)
presentz (oblique plural)
presenz (nominative singular)
presentz (nominative singular)
present (nominative plural)

Itant out li Quens un present
D'une cupe chiere d'argent

At this moment he presented the Count
With a valuable silver cup


mace

mace oblique singular, f (oblique plural maces, nominative singular mace, nominative plural maces)

mace oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
maces (oblique plural)
mace (nominative singular)
maces (nominative plural)

French: masse

desctree

→ Middle English: mace, maas, masse, mase, maiis
English: mace
Scots: mace

From Vulgar Latin *mattia, *mattea, itself probably derived from Latin mateola (“hoe”).


occident

fro-noun

occident oblique singular, m (nominative singular occidenz or occidentz)

occident oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
occidenz (nominative singular)
occidentz (nominative singular)

→ Middle English: occident

English: occident, Occident

French: occident

Borrowed from Latin occidens, occidentem.


onager

onager oblique singular, m (oblique plural onagers, nominative singular onagers, nominative plural onager)

onager oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
onagers (oblique plural)
onagers (nominative singular)
onager (nominative plural)


page

page oblique singular, f (oblique plural pages, nominative singular page, nominative plural pages)

page oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
pages (oblique plural)
page (nominative singular)
pages (nominative plural)

English: page

French: page

Champenois: paidge

Norman: page (Jersey)

page (one face of a sheet of paper or similar material)


page

page oblique singular, m (oblique plural pages, nominative singular pages, nominative plural page)

page oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
pages (oblique plural)
pages (nominative singular)
page (nominative plural)

Middle French: page

French: page (see there for further descendants)

→ Middle English: page

English: page

→ Middle Irish: páitse

Irish: páiste

Manx: paitçhey

Scottish Gaelic: pàisde

page (youth attending a person of high degree)


paternal

head

paternal m (oblique and nominative feminine singular paternale)

paternale (feminine nominative oblique singular)
paternaus (masculine singular subjective)
paternale (feminine singular subjective)
paternal (neuter singular subjective)
paternal (masculine oblique singular)
paternale (feminine oblique singular)
paternal (neuter oblique singular)
paternale (oblique singular)
paternal (oblique singular)
paternal (masculine plural subjective)
paternales (feminine plural subjective)
paternal (neuter plural subjective)
paternal (plural subjective)
paternaus (masculine oblique plural)
paternales (feminine oblique plural)
paternal (neuter oblique plural)
paternales (oblique plural)
paternal (oblique plural)

English: paternal

Borrowed from Latin paternālis. Compare the descended term paternel.


par

desctree

Middle French: par
French: par
→ English: par

Lorrain: poir

Picard: per

Tost m'oceïst par son orguel.

c. 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:

Premiers sont au mostier venu,
La furent par devocion

The first ones came to the minster,
they were there to pray

because of; due to (introduces a medium)

L'une a l'autre par la main prise,

Li cheval par le chanp s'an fuient.

"Sire, par Deu et par sa croiz!


plaid

fro-noun

plaid oblique singular, m (oblique plural plaiz or plaitz, nominative singular plaiz or plaitz, nominative plural plaid)

plaid oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
plaiz (oblique plural)
plaitz (oblique plural)
plaiz (nominative singular)
plaitz (nominative singular)
plaid (nominative plural)


plait

plait oblique singular, m (oblique plural plaiz or plaitz, nominative singular plaiz or plaitz, nominative plural plait)

plait oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
plaiz (oblique plural)
plaitz (oblique plural)
plaiz (nominative singular)
plaitz (nominative singular)
plait (nominative plural)

French: plaid

→ Middle English: plait

English: plea

Scots: plaid


quite

head

quite m (oblique and nominative feminine singular quite)

quite (feminine nominative oblique singular)

Middle French: quitte
French: quitte

→ Middle English: quit, quite

English: quit, quite

desctree

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: quite, quieto, quito, quita
Portuguese: quite

Learned borrowing from Latin quiētus (pronounced in Medieval Latin as quíetus > quitus). Compare the inherited coi.


quitter

quitter (infinitive)
avoir quitté (infinitive multiword-construction)
en quittant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
quittant (participle present)
quitté (participle past)
quit (first-person indicative present singular)
quittes (indicative present second-person singular)
quitte (indicative present singular third-person)
quittons (first-person indicative plural present)
quittez (indicative plural present second-person)
quittent (indicative plural present third-person)
quittoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
quitteie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
quittoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
quitteve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
quittoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
quitteies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
quittoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
quitteves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
quittoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
quitteit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
quittot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
quitteve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
quittiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
quittiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
quittiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
quittiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
quittoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
quitteient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
quittoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
quittevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
quittai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
quittas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
quitta (indicative preterite singular third-person)
quittames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
quittastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
quitterent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
quitterai (first-person future indicative singular)
quitteras (future indicative second-person singular)
quittera (future indicative singular third-person)
quitterons (first-person future indicative plural)
quitteroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
quittereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
quitterez (future indicative plural second-person)
quitteront (future indicative plural third-person)
quitteroie (conditional first-person singular)
quittereie (conditional first-person singular)
quitteroies (conditional second-person singular)
quittereies (conditional second-person singular)
quitteroit (conditional singular third-person)
quittereit (conditional singular third-person)
quitteriiens (conditional first-person plural)
quitteriens (conditional first-person plural)
quitteriiez (conditional plural second-person)
quitteriez (conditional plural second-person)
quitteroient (conditional plural third-person)
quittereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
quit (first-person present singular subjunctive)
quiz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
quit (present singular subjunctive third-person)
quittons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
quittez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
quittent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
quittasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
quittasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
quittast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
quittissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
quittissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
quittissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
quittissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
quittissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
quittassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
quitte (imperative second-person singular)
quittons (first-person imperative plural)
quittez (imperative plural second-person)

→ English: quit

French: quitter

From Medieval Latin quiētus (“at rest”).


mes

French: mais


mes

French: mes


blanc

head

blanc m (oblique and nominative feminine singular blanche)

blanche (feminine nominative oblique singular)
blans (masculine singular subjective)
blanche (feminine singular subjective)
blanc (neuter singular subjective)
blanc (masculine oblique singular)
blanche (feminine oblique singular)
blanc (neuter oblique singular)
blanc (oblique singular)
blanc (masculine plural subjective)
blanches (feminine plural subjective)
blanc (neuter plural subjective)
blanc (plural subjective)
blans (masculine oblique plural)
blanches (feminine oblique plural)
blanc (neuter oblique plural)
blanc (oblique plural)

From Early Medieval Latin blancus, from Frankish *blank, from Proto-Germanic *blankaz (“bright, shining, blinding, white”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyǵ- (“to shine”).
Akin to Old High German blanch "bright, white" (German blank (“blank, white”)), Old Norse blankr (“white”) (Danish blank (“bright, shiny”)), Dutch blank (“white, shining”). More at blink, blind.


blanc

fro-noun

blanc oblique singular, m (oblique plural blans, nominative singular blans, nominative plural blanc)

blanc oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
blans (oblique plural)
blans (nominative singular)
blanc (nominative plural)

Bourguignon: blian

Champenois: bian

Gallo: blânc

Lorrain: bianc

desctree

Middle English: blonc, blank, blaunc, blaunche
English: blank
→ German: Plenk

Middle French: blanc (see there for further descendants)

desc

Norman: bllànc, blianc (Jersey), bllaunc (continental Normandy)

Picard: blanc

Walloon: blan, blanc

Ses haubers est coverz de sanc:
De roge i a plus que de blanc.

His chainmail is covered in blood
There's more red than white (referring to his white chainmail)


noir

fro-noun

noir oblique singular, m (oblique plural noirs, nominative singular noirs, nominative plural noir)

noir oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
noirs (oblique plural)
noirs (nominative singular)
noir (nominative plural)


noir

head

noir m (oblique and nominative feminine singular noire)

noire (feminine nominative oblique singular)

Champenois: nor

Middle French: noir (see there for further descendants)

Norman: nièr, né, naer, nei

Walloon: noer


paste

fro-noun

paste oblique singular, m (oblique plural pastes, nominative singular pastes, nominative plural paste)

paste oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
pastes (oblique plural)
pastes (nominative singular)
paste (nominative plural)

Middle French: paste

French: pâte

→ Middle English: paste

English: paste
→ Cebuano: pasta

Scots: paste, paist

From Late Latin pasta, from Ancient Greek παστά (pastá).


ma

French: ma


roc

roc oblique singular, m (oblique plural ros, nominative singular ros, nominative plural roc)

roc oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
ros (oblique plural)
ros (nominative singular)
roc (nominative plural)

Middle French: roc
French: roc

→ Middle English: rook

English: rook

→ Japanese: ルーク (rūku)

→ Korean: 룩 (ruk)

Borrowed from Arabic رُخّ (ruḵḵ), from Persian رخ (rox).


avant

From Late Latin ab ante (“before, in front of”), from Latin ab (“from”) + ante (“before”).


avant

French: avant

Norman: avant

→ Middle English: avaunt


avarice

fro-noun

avarice oblique singular, f (oblique plural avarices, nominative singular avarice, nominative plural avarices)

avarice oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
avarices (oblique plural)
avarice (nominative singular)
avarices (nominative plural)

→ English: avarice

French: avarice


avaunt

(late Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of avant


avenger

avenger (infinitive)
avoir avengé (infinitive multiword-construction)
en avenjant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
avenjant (participle present)
avengé (participle past)
avenge (first-person indicative present singular)
avenges (indicative present second-person singular)
avenge (indicative present singular third-person)
avenjons (first-person indicative plural present)
avengez (indicative plural present second-person)
avengent (indicative plural present third-person)
avenjoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
avengeie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
avenjoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
avengeve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
avenjoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
avengeies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
avenjoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
avengeves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
avenjoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
avengeit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
avenjot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
avengeve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
avengiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
avengiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
avengiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
avengiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
avenjoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
avengeient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
avenjoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
avengevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
avenjai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
avenjas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
avenja (indicative preterite singular third-person)
avenjames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
avenjastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
avengerent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
avengerai (first-person future indicative singular)
avengeras (future indicative second-person singular)
avengera (future indicative singular third-person)
avengerons (first-person future indicative plural)
avengeroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
avengereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
avengerez (future indicative plural second-person)
avengeront (future indicative plural third-person)
avengeroie (conditional first-person singular)
avengereie (conditional first-person singular)
avengeroies (conditional second-person singular)
avengereies (conditional second-person singular)
avengeroit (conditional singular third-person)
avengereit (conditional singular third-person)
avengeriiens (conditional first-person plural)
avengeriens (conditional first-person plural)
avengeriiez (conditional plural second-person)
avengeriez (conditional plural second-person)
avengeroient (conditional plural third-person)
avengereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
avenge (first-person present singular subjunctive)
avenges (present second-person singular subjunctive)
avenge (present singular subjunctive third-person)
avenjons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
avengez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
avengent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
avenjasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
avenjasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
avenjast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
avengissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
avengissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
avengissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
avengissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
avengissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
avenjassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
avenge (imperative second-person singular)
avenjons (first-person imperative plural)
avengez (imperative plural second-person)


aventure

aventure oblique singular, f (oblique plural aventures, nominative singular aventure, nominative plural aventures)

aventure oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
aventures (oblique plural)
aventure (nominative singular)
aventures (nominative plural)

French: aventure (see there for further descendants)

→ Middle Dutch: aventure (see there for further descendants)

→ Middle English: aventure (see there for further descendants)

→ Middle High German: āventiure

German: Abenteuer (influenced by Middle Low German)

→ Middle Irish: amhantur

→ Middle Low German: êventü̂re (see there for further descendants)

destiny, fortune, accident, misadventure


aver

aver oblique singular, m (oblique plural avers, nominative singular avers, nominative plural aver)

aver oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
avers (oblique plural)
avers (nominative singular)
aver (nominative plural)

de ses avers li volt mustrer.

c. 1150, Thomas d'Angleterre, Le Roman de Tristan, Champion Classiques edition, →ISBN, page 216, line 2832:

he wants to show his possessions to her.


avision

avision oblique singular, f (oblique plural avisions, nominative singular avision, nominative plural avisions)

avision oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
avisions (oblique plural)
avision (nominative singular)
avisions (nominative plural)

desctree

→ Middle English: avisioun, avysioun, avysyon, avision, avisyon, advisioun, avysyoun
English: avision (obsolete)
Scots: avisioun (obsolete)

vision (religious or mystical experience of a supernatural appearance)


avoider

avoider (infinitive)
aveir avoidé (infinitive multiword-construction)
en avoidant (gerund)
gerund of aveir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
avoidant (participle present)
avoidé (participle past)
avoit (first-person indicative present singular)
avoides (indicative present second-person singular)
avoide (indicative present singular third-person)
avoidons (first-person indicative plural present)
avoidez (indicative plural present second-person)
avoident (indicative plural present third-person)
avoideie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
avoidoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
avoideve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
avoideies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
avoidoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
avoideves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
avoideit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
avoidot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
avoideve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
avoidiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
avoidiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
avoidiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
avoidiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
avoideient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
avoidoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
avoidevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
avoidai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
avoidas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
avoida (indicative preterite singular third-person)
avoidames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
avoidastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
avoiderent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
avoiderai (first-person future indicative singular)
avoideras (future indicative second-person singular)
avoidera (future indicative singular third-person)
avoiderons (first-person future indicative plural)
avoidereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
avoiderez (future indicative plural second-person)
avoideront (future indicative plural third-person)
avoidereie (conditional first-person singular)
avoidereies (conditional second-person singular)
avoidereit (conditional singular third-person)
avoideriiens (conditional first-person plural)
avoideriens (conditional first-person plural)
avoideriiez (conditional plural second-person)
avoideriez (conditional plural second-person)
avoidereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of aveir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
avoit (first-person present singular subjunctive)
avoiz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
avoit (present singular subjunctive third-person)
avoidons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
avoidez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
avoident (plural present subjunctive third-person)
avoidasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
avoidasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
avoidast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
avoidissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
avoidissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
avoidisseiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
avoidissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
avoidissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
avoidassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
avoide (imperative second-person singular)
avoidons (first-person imperative plural)
avoidez (imperative plural second-person)

→ English: avoid


ciel

fro-noun

ciel oblique singular, m (oblique plural cieus or ciex or ciels, nominative singular cieus or ciex or ciels, nominative plural ciel)

ciel oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
cieus (oblique plural)
ciex (oblique plural)
ciels (oblique plural)
cieus (nominative singular)
ciex (nominative singular)
ciels (nominative singular)
ciel (nominative plural)

Bourguignon: cier

French: ciel
Haitian Creole: syèl

Norman: ciel, cyil, cyi, syel

Walloon: cir

From Latin caelum. The nominative singular derives from attested Vulgar Latin caelus.


palais

palais oblique singular, m (oblique plural palais, nominative singular palais, nominative plural palais)

palais oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
palais (oblique plural)
palais (nominative singular)
palais (nominative plural)

Middle French: palays

French: palais

→ Middle Dutch: palais

Dutch: paleis

Afrikaans: paleis

→ Middle High German: palas

German: Palast

→ Middle English: paleys

English: palace

→ French: palace

→ Turkish: palas


glace

glace oblique singular, f (oblique plural glaces, nominative singular glace, nominative plural glaces)

glace oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
glaces (oblique plural)
glace (nominative singular)
glaces (nominative plural)

Champenois: guiaice

French: glace (see there for further descendants)

Franc-Comtois: yaice

desc

Norman: gllèche, gliaiche (Jersey), gllache (Guernsey), glyech (Sark)

Walloon: glaece

From Vulgar Latin *glacium/a, from Latin glaciēs.


sec

head

sec m (oblique and nominative feminine singular seche)

seche (feminine nominative oblique singular)
ses (masculine singular subjective)
seche (feminine singular subjective)
sec (neuter singular subjective)
sec (masculine oblique singular)
seche (feminine oblique singular)
sec (neuter oblique singular)
seche (oblique singular)
sec (oblique singular)
sec (masculine plural subjective)
seches (feminine plural subjective)
sec (neuter plural subjective)
sec (plural subjective)
ses (masculine oblique plural)
seches (feminine oblique plural)
sec (neuter oblique plural)
seches (oblique plural)
sec (oblique plural)

French: sec

Norman: sé

Walloon: setch


mese

fro-noun

mese oblique singular, f (oblique plural meses, nominative singular mese, nominative plural meses)

mese oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
meses (oblique plural)
mese (nominative singular)
meses (nominative plural)


mentir

mentir (infinitive)
avoir menti (infinitive multiword-construction)
en mentant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
mentant (participle present)
menti (participle past)
ment (first-person indicative present singular)
menz (indicative present second-person singular)
ment (indicative present singular third-person)
mentons (first-person indicative plural present)
mentez (indicative plural present second-person)
mentent (indicative plural present third-person)
mentoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
menteie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mentoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
menteies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mentoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
menteit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mentiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mentiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mentiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mentiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mentoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
menteient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
menti (first-person indicative preterite singular)
mentis (indicative preterite second-person singular)
menti (indicative preterite singular third-person)
mentimes (first-person indicative plural preterite)
mentistes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
mentirent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
mentirai (first-person future indicative singular)
mentiras (future indicative second-person singular)
mentira (future indicative singular third-person)
mentirons (first-person future indicative plural)
mentiroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
mentireiz (future indicative plural second-person)
mentirez (future indicative plural second-person)
mentiront (future indicative plural third-person)
mentiroie (conditional first-person singular)
mentireie (conditional first-person singular)
mentiroies (conditional second-person singular)
mentireies (conditional second-person singular)
mentiroit (conditional singular third-person)
mentireit (conditional singular third-person)
mentiriiens (conditional first-person plural)
mentiriens (conditional first-person plural)
mentiriiez (conditional plural second-person)
mentiriez (conditional plural second-person)
mentiroient (conditional plural third-person)
mentireient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
mente (first-person present singular subjunctive)
mentes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
mente (present singular subjunctive third-person)
mentons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
mentez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
mentent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
mentisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
mentisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mentist (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mentissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mentissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mentissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mentissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mentissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mentissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
ment (imperative second-person singular)
mentons (first-person imperative plural)
mentez (imperative plural second-person)

Middle French: mentir

French: mentir


sac

sac oblique singular, m (oblique plural sas, nominative singular sas, nominative plural sac)

sac oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
sas (oblique plural)
sas (nominative singular)
sac (nominative plural)

desctree

French: sac
Haitian Creole: sak
→ English: sac
→ Moroccan Arabic: صاك
→ Persian: ساک (sâk)
→ Sedang: xak


val

fro-noun

val oblique singular, m (oblique plural vaus or vax or vals, nominative singular vaus or vax or vals, nominative plural val)

val oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
vaus (oblique plural)
vax (oblique plural)
vals (oblique plural)
vaus (nominative singular)
vax (nominative singular)
vals (nominative singular)
val (nominative plural)

→ English: vale

French: val


gloire

gloire oblique singular, f (oblique plural gloires, nominative singular gloire, nominative plural gloires)

gloire oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
gloires (oblique plural)
gloire (nominative singular)
gloires (nominative plural)

French: gloire

→ English: glory

Champenois: glore, guiore


camp

camp oblique singular, m (oblique plural cans, nominative singular cans, nominative plural camp)

camp oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
cans (oblique plural)
cans (nominative singular)
camp (nominative plural)


quarte

head

quarte m (oblique and nominative feminine singular quarte)

quarte (feminine nominative oblique singular)


quinte

quinte m (oblique and nominative feminine singular quinte)

quinte (feminine nominative oblique singular)


raison

fro-noun

raison oblique singular, f (oblique plural raisons, nominative singular raison, nominative plural raisons)

raison oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
raisons (oblique plural)
raison (nominative singular)
raisons (nominative plural)


pes

pes oblique singular, f (oblique plural pes, nominative singular pes, nominative plural pes)

pes oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
pes (oblique plural)
pes (nominative singular)
pes (nominative plural)

Va t'en de ci ! Lai me aveir pes.


mat

head

mat m (oblique and nominative feminine singular mate)

mate (feminine nominative oblique singular)


mier

mier m (oblique and nominative feminine singular miere)

miere (feminine nominative oblique singular)

→ Middle English: mere, mer

English: mere

From Latin merus (“sheer, undiluted, pure”).


plat

plat m (oblique and nominative feminine singular plate)

plate (feminine nominative oblique singular)

desctree

Middle French: plat
French: plat
→ Romanian: plat

Norman: pliat (Jersey)

→ Middle Dutch: plat

Dutch: plat (see there for further descendants)

Limburgish: plat

→ Middle English: plat

English: plat

Scots: plat

→ Middle High German: blat (see there for further descendants)

→ Middle Low German: plat

→ Danish: plat

→ Swedish: platt

From Vulgar Latin *plattus (“flattened”).


plat

fro-noun

plat oblique singular, m (oblique plural plaz or platz, nominative singular plaz or platz, nominative plural plat)

plat oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
plaz (oblique plural)
platz (oblique plural)
plaz (nominative singular)
platz (nominative singular)
plat (nominative plural)


triste

head

triste m (oblique and nominative feminine singular triste)

triste (feminine nominative oblique singular)

French: triste

→ English: triste

Norman: triste


reis

Li reis Mars esteit curuciez

c. 1250, Marie de France, Chevrefeuille:


barge

fro-noun

barge oblique singular, f (oblique plural barges, nominative singular barge, nominative plural barges)

barge oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
barges (oblique plural)
barge (nominative singular)
barges (nominative plural)

Middle French: barge

French: barge

→ Russian: баржа (barža)

desctree

→ Middle English: barge, bargge, baarge, berge, barche
English: barge
Scots: bairge (possibly)

From Vulgar Latin *barga, a variant of Late Latin barca, a regular syncope of Vulgar Latin *barica, from Classical Latin bāris, from Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris, “Egyptian boat”), from Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare, “small boat”), from Demotic br, from Egyptian bꜣjrb-bA-A-y:r*Z1-P1 (“transport ship”).


pais

fro-noun

pais oblique singular, f (oblique plural pais, nominative singular pais, nominative plural pais)

pais oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
pais (oblique plural)
pais (nominative singular)
pais (nominative plural)

Middle French:

French: paix

Anglo-Norman: peis

desctree

→ Middle English: pees, pes, pese, pece
English: peace
Yola: pace

Bourguignon: pois

Walloon: påye

→ Dutch: peis

→ Middle English: pees, pes, pais


pais

fro-noun

pais oblique singular, m (oblique plural pais, nominative singular pais, nominative plural pais)

pais oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
pais (oblique plural)
pais (nominative singular)
pais (nominative plural)

Bourguignon: poiys

desctree

Middle French: pays, païs, paÿs
French: pays
→ Catalan: país
→ Galician: país
→ Portuguese: país (see there for further descendants)
→ Spanish: país

From Late Latin pāgēnsis, which is derived from Latin pāgus (“country”).


sentir

sentir (infinitive)
avoir senti (infinitive multiword-construction)
en sentant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
sentant (participle present)
senti (participle past)
sent (first-person indicative present singular)
senz (indicative present second-person singular)
sent (indicative present singular third-person)
sentons (first-person indicative plural present)
sentez (indicative plural present second-person)
sentent (indicative plural present third-person)
sentoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
senteie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
sentoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
senteies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
sentoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
senteit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
sentiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
sentiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
sentiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
sentiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
sentoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
senteient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
senti (first-person indicative preterite singular)
sentis (indicative preterite second-person singular)
senti (indicative preterite singular third-person)
sentimes (first-person indicative plural preterite)
sentistes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
sentirent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
sentirai (first-person future indicative singular)
sentiras (future indicative second-person singular)
sentira (future indicative singular third-person)
sentirons (first-person future indicative plural)
sentiroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
sentireiz (future indicative plural second-person)
sentirez (future indicative plural second-person)
sentiront (future indicative plural third-person)
sentiroie (conditional first-person singular)
sentireie (conditional first-person singular)
sentiroies (conditional second-person singular)
sentireies (conditional second-person singular)
sentiroit (conditional singular third-person)
sentireit (conditional singular third-person)
sentiriiens (conditional first-person plural)
sentiriens (conditional first-person plural)
sentiriiez (conditional plural second-person)
sentiriez (conditional plural second-person)
sentiroient (conditional plural third-person)
sentireient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
sente (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sentes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
sente (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sentons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
sentez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sentent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
sentisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
sentisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sentist (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sentissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
sentissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
sentissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sentissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sentissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sentissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sent (imperative second-person singular)
sentons (first-person imperative plural)
sentez (imperative plural second-person)

French: sentir

Norman: senti


founder

founder (infinitive)
avoir foundé (infinitive multiword-construction)
en foundant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
foundant (participle present)
foundé (participle past)
fount (first-person indicative present singular)
foundes (indicative present second-person singular)
founde (indicative present singular third-person)
foundons (first-person indicative plural present)
foundez (indicative plural present second-person)
foundent (indicative plural present third-person)
foundoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
foundeie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
foundoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
foundeve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
foundoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
foundeies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
foundoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
foundeves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
foundoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
foundeit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
foundot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
foundeve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
foundiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
foundiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
foundiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
foundiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
foundoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
foundeient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
foundoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
foundevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
foundai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
foundas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
founda (indicative preterite singular third-person)
foundames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
foundastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
founderent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
founderai (first-person future indicative singular)
founderas (future indicative second-person singular)
foundera (future indicative singular third-person)
founderons (first-person future indicative plural)
founderoiz (future indicative plural second-person)
foundereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
founderez (future indicative plural second-person)
founderont (future indicative plural third-person)
founderoie (conditional first-person singular)
foundereie (conditional first-person singular)
founderoies (conditional second-person singular)
foundereies (conditional second-person singular)
founderoit (conditional singular third-person)
foundereit (conditional singular third-person)
founderiiens (conditional first-person plural)
founderiens (conditional first-person plural)
founderiiez (conditional plural second-person)
founderiez (conditional plural second-person)
founderoient (conditional plural third-person)
foundereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
fount (first-person present singular subjunctive)
founz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
fount (present singular subjunctive third-person)
foundons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
foundez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
foundent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
foundasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
foundasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
foundast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
foundissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
foundissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
foundissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
foundissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
foundissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
foundassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
founde (imperative second-person singular)
foundons (first-person imperative plural)
foundez (imperative plural second-person)

(late Anglo-Norman) Alternative spelling of funder


senator

fro-noun

senator oblique singular, m (oblique plural senators, nominative singular senators, nominative plural senator)

senator oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
senators (oblique plural)
senators (nominative singular)
senator (nominative plural)


venison

venison oblique singular, f (oblique plural venisons, nominative singular venison, nominative plural venisons)

venison oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
venisons (oblique plural)
venison (nominative singular)
venisons (nominative plural)

French: venaison

→ English: venison

→ Dutch: venezoen, venizoen


testament

testament oblique singular, m (oblique plural testamenz or testamentz, nominative singular testamenz or testamentz, nominative plural testament)

testament oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
testamenz (oblique plural)
testamentz (oblique plural)
testamenz (nominative singular)
testamentz (nominative singular)
testament (nominative plural)

→ English: testament

French: testament


grave

grave oblique singular, f (oblique plural graves, nominative singular grave, nominative plural graves)

grave oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
graves (oblique plural)
grave (nominative singular)
graves (nominative plural)

Middle French: grave

French: grave

→ Norwegian Bokmål: grave

desctree

⇒ Old French: gravele
Middle French: gravelle, gravele
→ Middle English: grauel
English: gravel

Medieval Latin grava, from Gaulish *grawa, *growa, from Proto-Celtic *grāwā, related to Cornish grow (“gravel”), Breton grouan, and Welsh gro (“gravel”); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr-eu-d-.


favour

fro-noun

favour oblique singular, f (oblique plural favours, nominative singular favour, nominative plural favours)

favour oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
favours (oblique plural)
favour (nominative singular)
favours (nominative plural)

[V]ous leur veulliez faire favour[,] ease et desport sanz faire a eux ou soeffrer estre fait de nully male, moleste, injurie, damage indehucee, destourbance ne empeschement en aucune manere.

You want to show them favour, ease and enjoyment without making them suffer or subjecting them to any evil, harm, injury, damage, disruption or obstacle of any kind.


ange

ange oblique singular, m (oblique plural anges, nominative singular anges, nominative plural ange)

ange oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
anges (oblique plural)
anges (nominative singular)
ange (nominative plural)


l'

(before a vowel sound) Apocopic form of la/le: the


foil

foil oblique singular, m (oblique plural fouz or foilz, nominative singular fouz or foilz, nominative plural foil)

foil oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
fouz (oblique plural)
foilz (oblique plural)
fouz (nominative singular)
foilz (nominative singular)
foil (nominative plural)

From Latin folium. Compare fueille, from the plural of folium, folia.

leaf (green appendage of a plant which photosynthesizes)


frequent

head

frequent m (oblique and nominative feminine singular frequent or frequente)

frequent (feminine nominative oblique singular)
frequente (feminine nominative oblique singular)
frequenz (masculine singular subjective)
frequente (feminine singular subjective)
frequent (neuter singular subjective)
frequent (masculine oblique singular)
frequente (feminine oblique singular)
frequent (neuter oblique singular)
frequente (oblique singular)
frequent (oblique singular)
frequent (masculine plural subjective)
frequentes (feminine plural subjective)
frequent (neuter plural subjective)
frequent (plural subjective)
frequenz (masculine oblique plural)
frequentes (feminine oblique plural)
frequent (neuter oblique plural)
frequentes (oblique plural)
frequent (oblique plural)

→ English: frequent

French: fréquent


violent

violent m (oblique and nominative feminine singular violent or violente)

violent (feminine nominative oblique singular)
violente (feminine nominative oblique singular)

desctree

→ Middle English: violent, vyolent, wyolent, vilent
English: violent

French: violent


moi

Middle French: moy

French: moi


espoire

fro-noun

espoire oblique singular, m (oblique plural espoires, nominative singular espoires, nominative plural espoire)

espoire oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
espoires (oblique plural)
espoires (nominative singular)
espoire (nominative plural)

French: espoir


creator

creator oblique singular, m (oblique plural creators, nominative singular creators, nominative plural creator)

creator oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
creators (oblique plural)
creators (nominative singular)
creator (nominative plural)


apostle

apostle oblique singular, m (oblique plural apostles, nominative singular apostles, nominative plural apostle)

apostle oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
apostles (oblique plural)
apostles (nominative singular)
apostle (nominative plural)

English: apostle

French: apôtre

Norman: apôtre

Borrowed from Late Latin apostolus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστολος (apóstolos, “one sent forth, apostle”).

der

Recleimet Deu e l'apostle de Rome


repentant

head

repentant m (oblique and nominative feminine singular repentant or repentante)

repentant (feminine nominative oblique singular)
repentante (feminine nominative oblique singular)


tot

tot m (oblique and nominative feminine singular tote)

tote (feminine nominative oblique singular)
toz (masculine singular subjective)
tuit (masculine singular subjective)
tote (feminine singular subjective)
tot (neuter singular subjective)
tot (masculine oblique singular)
tote (feminine oblique singular)
tot (neuter oblique singular)
tote (oblique singular)
tot (oblique singular)
tot (masculine plural subjective)
tuit (masculine plural subjective)
totes (feminine plural subjective)
tot (neuter plural subjective)
tot (plural subjective)
toz (masculine oblique plural)
totes (feminine oblique plural)
tot (neuter oblique plural)
totes (oblique plural)
tot (oblique plural)

From Vulgar Latin tōttus, alteration of Latin tōtus.


tot

Middle French: tout

French: tout

Walloon: tot


tasche

fro-noun

tasche oblique singular, f (oblique plural tasches, nominative singular tasche, nominative plural tasches)

tasche oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
tasches (oblique plural)
tasche (nominative singular)
tasches (nominative plural)

French: tâche

desctree

via the Old Norman variant <i class="Latn mention" lang="fro">tasque</i>

→ Middle English: taske, tasque, taxk, taxke, taxske (via the Old Norman variant tasque)
English: task
Scots: task

From Early Medieval Latin tasca, from Latin taxa.


resident

head

resident m (oblique and nominative feminine singular resident or residente)

resident (feminine nominative oblique singular)
residente (feminine nominative oblique singular)

Borrowed from Latin residentem, accusative singular of residēns, from the verb resideō.


cure

fro-noun

cure oblique singular, f (oblique plural cures, nominative singular cure, nominative plural cures)

cure oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
cures (oblique plural)
cure (nominative singular)
cures (nominative plural)

→ Middle Dutch: cure

Dutch: kuur

→ Middle English: cure

English: cure

Middle French: cure

French: cure


porc

porc oblique singular, m (oblique plural pors, nominative singular pors, nominative plural porc)

porc oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
pors (oblique plural)
pors (nominative singular)
porc (nominative plural)

Middle French: porc
French: porc

Norman: por

desctree

→ Middle English: pork, porc, porke
English: pork
Scots: pork, porc, porck

il ne doit mengier […] chair de porc

1377, Bernard de Gordon, Fleur de lis de medecine (a.k.a. lilium medicine), page 180 of this essay:

he must not eat […] pork (literally, the flesh of a pig)


avril

fro-noun

avril oblique singular, m (oblique plural avriz or avrilz, nominative singular avriz or avrilz, nominative plural avril)

avril oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
avriz (oblique plural)
avrilz (oblique plural)
avriz (nominative singular)
avrilz (nominative singular)
avril (nominative plural)

desctree

French: avril
Haitian Creole: avril
Mauritian Creole: avril
→ Iranian Persian: آوریل (âvril)
→ South Azerbaijani: آوریل (avril)
→ Tunisian Arabic: أفريل (avrīl)

Norman: Avri

Walloon: avri

→ Middle English: Averil

⇒ Middle English: Aprill, Aprille, April, Apprille, Aperil, Aprel (relatinized)
English: April (see there for further descendants)
Scots: Apryle


lier

lier (infinitive)
avoir lïé (infinitive multiword-construction)
en liant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
liant (participle present)
lïé (participle past)
li (first-person indicative present singular)
lïes (indicative present second-person singular)
lïe (indicative present singular third-person)
lions (first-person indicative plural present)
lïez (indicative plural present second-person)
lïent (indicative plural present third-person)
lioie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
lïeie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
lioe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
lïeve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
lioies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
lïeies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
lioes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
lïeves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
lioit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
lïeit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
liot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
lïeve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
liiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
liiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
liiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
liiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
lioient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
lïeient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
lioent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
lïevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
liai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
lias (indicative preterite second-person singular)
lia (indicative preterite singular third-person)
liames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
liastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
lïerent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
lïerai (first-person future indicative singular)
lïeras (future indicative second-person singular)
lïera (future indicative singular third-person)
lïerons (first-person future indicative plural)
lïeroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
lïereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
lïerez (future indicative plural second-person)
lïeront (future indicative plural third-person)
lïeroie (conditional first-person singular)
lïereie (conditional first-person singular)
lïeroies (conditional second-person singular)
lïereies (conditional second-person singular)
lïeroit (conditional singular third-person)
lïereit (conditional singular third-person)
lïeriiens (conditional first-person plural)
lïeriens (conditional first-person plural)
lïeriiez (conditional plural second-person)
lïeriez (conditional plural second-person)
lïeroient (conditional plural third-person)
lïereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
li (first-person present singular subjunctive)
lis (present second-person singular subjunctive)
lit (present singular subjunctive third-person)
lions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
lïez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
lïent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
liasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
liasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
liast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
liissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
liissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
liissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
liissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
liissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
liassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
lïe (imperative second-person singular)
lions (first-person imperative plural)
lïez (imperative plural second-person)

French: lier
→ German: liieren

→ Middle English: lien

English: lye

→? Galician: lear

→? Portuguese: liar

→? Spanish: liar

lïer

diaereses not universally used by scholars of Old French


pere

fro-noun

pere oblique singular, m (oblique plural peres, nominative singular pere, nominative plural pere)

pere oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
peres (oblique plural)
pere (nominative singular)
pere (nominative plural)

From earlier pedre, from Latin pater, patrem.


pere

Bourguignon: peire

desctree

Middle French: pere
French: père
→ Dutch: pere
→ English: père
Norman: père, pére, péthe

Walloon: pere

(Christianity, may be capitalized) Father (God)


tabor

fro-noun

tabor oblique singular, m (oblique plural tabors, nominative singular tabors, nominative plural tabor)

tabor oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
tabors (oblique plural)
tabors (nominative singular)
tabor (nominative plural)

From Arabic طُنْبُور (ṭunbūr) or Persian طبل (“drum”), related to Armenian տաւիղ (tawiġ), English tabla and tambour.


gist

third-person singular present indicative of gesir


pustule

pustule oblique singular, f (oblique plural pustules, nominative singular pustule, nominative plural pustules)

pustule oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
pustules (oblique plural)
pustule (nominative singular)
pustules (nominative plural)

English: pustule

French: pustule


autor

autor oblique singular, m (oblique plural autors, nominative singular autors, nominative plural autor)

autor oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
autors (oblique plural)
autors (nominative singular)
autor (nominative plural)

desctree

Middle French: autheur, aucteur, auctour, auteur, autteur
French: auteur (see there for further descendants)

→ Middle English: auctour, auctor, autor, autour, author, auther
English: author
Scots: author

From Latin auctor, from Proto-Italic *auktōr, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg-, from *h₂weg-.


tun

(Anglo-Norman) your (second-person singular possessive pronoun)


tierce

head

tierce m (oblique and nominative feminine singular tierce)

tierce (feminine nominative oblique singular)

La tierce oevre fu de musique


-al

Middle French: -al

French: -al

Borrowed from Latin -ālis. Compare the inherited -el.

mesnal (from mesnee)

suffix used to form adjectives from nouns


porter

porter (infinitive)
avoir porté (infinitive multiword-construction)
en portant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
portant (participle present)
porté (participle past)
port (first-person indicative present singular)
portes (indicative present second-person singular)
porte (indicative present singular third-person)
portons (first-person indicative plural present)
portez (indicative plural present second-person)
portent (indicative plural present third-person)
portoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
porteie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
portoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
porteve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
portoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
porteies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
portoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
porteves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
portoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
porteit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
portot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
porteve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
portiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
portiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
portiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
portiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
portoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
porteient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
portoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
portevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
portai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
portas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
porta (indicative preterite singular third-person)
portames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
portastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
porterent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
porterai (first-person future indicative singular)
porteras (future indicative second-person singular)
portera (future indicative singular third-person)
porterons (first-person future indicative plural)
porteroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
portereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
porterez (future indicative plural second-person)
porteront (future indicative plural third-person)
porteroie (conditional first-person singular)
portereie (conditional first-person singular)
porteroies (conditional second-person singular)
portereies (conditional second-person singular)
porteroit (conditional singular third-person)
portereit (conditional singular third-person)
porteriiens (conditional first-person plural)
porteriens (conditional first-person plural)
porteriiez (conditional plural second-person)
porteriez (conditional plural second-person)
porteroient (conditional plural third-person)
portereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
port (first-person present singular subjunctive)
porz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
port (present singular subjunctive third-person)
portons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
portez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
portent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
portasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
portasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
portast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
portissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
portissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
portissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
portissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
portissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
portassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
porte (imperative second-person singular)
portons (first-person imperative plural)
portez (imperative plural second-person)

Middle French: porter

French: porter

porter la baniere


-s

Middle French: -s

French: -s

indicates a nominative singular of a masculine noun or adjective

indicates an oblique plural of a masculine noun or adjective

indicates a (nominative or oblique) plural of a feminine noun or adjective


prison

fro-noun

prison oblique singular, f (oblique plural prisons, nominative singular prison, nominative plural prisons)

prison oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
prisons (oblique plural)
prison (nominative singular)
prisons (nominative plural)

From Latin prehensiō, prehensiōnem, from prehendō.

Por vos sui en prison mis
dans ce celier sousterin

For you, I have been put in this prison
in this underground cellar


prison

prison oblique singular, m (oblique plural prisons, nominative singular prisons, nominative plural prison)

prison oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
prisons (oblique plural)
prisons (nominative singular)
prison (nominative plural)

Middle French:

French: prison

Norman: prison (Jersey)

desctree

→ Middle English: prisoun, prison, prisun, prisen, pryson, prisone
English: prison
Scots: preeson

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: prison, priiom, prijon
Galician: prisión
Portuguese: prisão


burel

fro-noun

burel oblique singular, m (oblique plural bureaus or bureax or buriaus or buriax or burels, nominative singular bureaus or bureax or buriaus or buriax or burels, nominative plural burel)

burel oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
bureaus (oblique plural)
bureax (oblique plural)
buriaus (oblique plural)
buriax (oblique plural)
burels (oblique plural)
bureaus (nominative singular)
bureax (nominative singular)
buriaus (nominative singular)
buriax (nominative singular)
burels (nominative singular)
burel (nominative plural)

French: bureau

→ English: bureau

desc

→ Middle English: burel, borel, borell, burell

English: borrel, burel, burrel

Scots: borrell

→ Galician: burel

→ Spanish: buriel

Diminutive of *bure (compare Middle French bure (“coarse woolen cloth”), French bourre (“hair, fluff”)), from Late Latin burra (“wool, fluff, shaggy cloth, coarse fabric”).


col

fro-noun

col oblique singular, m (oblique plural cous or cox or cols, nominative singular cous or cox or cols, nominative plural col)

col oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
cous (oblique plural)
cox (oblique plural)
cols (oblique plural)
cous (nominative singular)
cox (nominative singular)
cols (nominative singular)
col (nominative plural)

Middle French: col
French: cou, col

Norman: co

Walloon: cô

Inherited from Latin collum. Cognate with Old Galician-Portuguese colo and Old Spanish cuello.


-u

Middle French: -u

French: -u

suffixed used to form adjectives (oblique masculine singular) from nouns


wast

wast oblique singular, m (oblique plural waz or watz, nominative singular waz or watz, nominative plural wast)

wast oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
waz (oblique plural)
watz (oblique plural)
waz (nominative singular)
watz (nominative singular)
wast (nominative plural)


rap

rap oblique singular, m (oblique plural ras, nominative singular ras, nominative plural rap)

rap oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
ras (oblique plural)
ras (nominative singular)
rap (nominative plural)

English: rape


rap

Borrowed from Early Middle English rap, from Old English rāp.


joint

joint oblique singular, m (oblique plural joinz or jointz, nominative singular joinz or jointz, nominative plural joint)

joint oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
joinz (oblique plural)
jointz (oblique plural)
joinz (nominative singular)
jointz (nominative singular)
joint (nominative plural)

Middle French: joint

French: joint

desctree

Middle English: joynt, jointe, jount, goint, geynte
English: joint
Yola: geint, gent, jent, jeint
→ Irish: siúnta

Past participle of joindre, corresponding to Latin iūnctus.

join; place where two elements are joined together


poulet

fro-noun

poulet oblique singular, m (nominative singular poulez or pouletz)

poulet oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
poulez (nominative singular)
pouletz (nominative singular)

Anglo-Norman: pullet

→ Middle English: pulet; pult, pulte

English: pullet; poult

Scots: pout

desctree

French: poulet
→ Switzerland German: Poulet

⇒ Old French: pouleterie

Walloon: poytreye

→ Middle English: pultrie
English: poultry
Scots: pootry, poutrie
Yola: pultry

⇒ Old French: pouletier
→ Middle English: pulter
English: poulter, poulterer

Norman: poulet

Walloon: poyete