gaaigner

gaaigner (infinitive)
avoir gaaigné (infinitive multiword-construction)
en gaaignant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
gaaignant (participle present)
gaaigné (participle past)
gaaing (first-person indicative present singular)
gaaignes (indicative present second-person singular)
gaaigne (indicative present singular third-person)
gaaignons (first-person indicative plural present)
gaaignez (indicative plural present second-person)
gaaignent (indicative plural present third-person)
gaaignoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gaaigneie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gaaignoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gaaigneve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gaaignoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gaaigneies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gaaignoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gaaigneves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gaaignoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gaaigneit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gaaignot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gaaigneve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gaaigniiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
gaaigniens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
gaaigniiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
gaaigniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
gaaignoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
gaaigneient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
gaaignoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
gaaignevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
gaaignai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
gaaignas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
gaaigna (indicative preterite singular third-person)
gaaignames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
gaaignastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
gaaignerent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
gaaignerai (first-person future indicative singular)
gaaigneras (future indicative second-person singular)
gaaignera (future indicative singular third-person)
gaaignerons (first-person future indicative plural)
gaaigneroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
gaaignereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
gaaignerez (future indicative plural second-person)
gaaigneront (future indicative plural third-person)
gaaigneroie (conditional first-person singular)
gaaignereie (conditional first-person singular)
gaaigneroies (conditional second-person singular)
gaaignereies (conditional second-person singular)
gaaigneroit (conditional singular third-person)
gaaignereit (conditional singular third-person)
gaaigneriiens (conditional first-person plural)
gaaigneriens (conditional first-person plural)
gaaigneriiez (conditional plural second-person)
gaaigneriez (conditional plural second-person)
gaaigneroient (conditional plural third-person)
gaaignereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
gaaing (first-person present singular subjunctive)
gaainz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
gaaint (present singular subjunctive third-person)
gaaignons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
gaaignez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
gaaignent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
gaaignasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
gaaignasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
gaaignast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
gaaignissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
gaaignissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
gaaignissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
gaaignissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
gaaignissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
gaaignassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
gaaigne (imperative second-person singular)
gaaignons (first-person imperative plural)
gaaignez (imperative plural second-person)


gaaignier

gaaignier (infinitive)
avoir gaaignié (infinitive multiword-construction)
en gaaignant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
gaaignant (participle present)
gaaignié (participle past)
gaaing (first-person indicative present singular)
gaaignes (indicative present second-person singular)
gaaigne (indicative present singular third-person)
gaaignons (first-person indicative plural present)
gaaigniez (indicative plural present second-person)
gaaignent (indicative plural present third-person)
gaaignoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gaaigneie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gaaignoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gaaignieve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gaaignoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gaaigneies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gaaignoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gaaignieves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gaaignoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gaaigneit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gaaignot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gaaignieve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gaaigniiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
gaaigniens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
gaaigniiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
gaaigniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
gaaignoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
gaaigneient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
gaaignoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
gaaignievent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
gaaignai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
gaaignas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
gaaigna (indicative preterite singular third-person)
gaaignames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
gaaignastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
gaaignierent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
gaaignerai (first-person future indicative singular)
gaaigneras (future indicative second-person singular)
gaaignera (future indicative singular third-person)
gaaignerons (first-person future indicative plural)
gaaigneroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
gaaignereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
gaaignerez (future indicative plural second-person)
gaaigneront (future indicative plural third-person)
gaaigneroie (conditional first-person singular)
gaaignereie (conditional first-person singular)
gaaigneroies (conditional second-person singular)
gaaignereies (conditional second-person singular)
gaaigneroit (conditional singular third-person)
gaaignereit (conditional singular third-person)
gaaigneriiens (conditional first-person plural)
gaaigneriens (conditional first-person plural)
gaaigneriiez (conditional plural second-person)
gaaigneriez (conditional plural second-person)
gaaigneroient (conditional plural third-person)
gaaignereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
gaaing (first-person present singular subjunctive)
gaainz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
gaaint (present singular subjunctive third-person)
gaaignons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
gaaigniez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
gaaignent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
gaaignasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
gaaignasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
gaaignast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
gaaignissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
gaaignissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
gaaignissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
gaaignissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
gaaignissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
gaaignassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
gaaigne (imperative second-person singular)
gaaignons (first-person imperative plural)
gaaigniez (imperative plural second-person)


onques

French: oncques, onques, onc


unkes

mut s'esmerveillent li plusur
kar unkes tel semblant ne fist
vers nul hume kë il veïst.

c. 1200, Marie de France, Lai de Bisclavret:

Much they marvelled
For he had never done such a thing before
Towards no man that he had seen.


Bretun

fro-noun

Bretun oblique singular, m (oblique plural Bretuns, nominative singular Bretuns, nominative plural Bretun)

Bretun oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
Bretuns (oblique plural)
Bretuns (nominative singular)
Bretun (nominative plural)


bretun

head

bretun m (oblique and nominative feminine singular bretune)

bretune (feminine nominative oblique singular)
bretuns (masculine singular subjective)
bretune (feminine singular subjective)
bretun (neuter singular subjective)
bretun (masculine oblique singular)
bretune (feminine oblique singular)
bretun (neuter oblique singular)
bretune (oblique singular)
bretun (oblique singular)
bretun (masculine plural subjective)
bretunes (feminine plural subjective)
bretun (neuter plural subjective)
bretun (plural subjective)
bretuns (masculine oblique plural)
bretunes (feminine oblique plural)
bretun (neuter oblique plural)
bretunes (oblique plural)
bretun (oblique plural)

(Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of breton


ialz

Middle French: yeulx, yeux

French: yeux


Abevile

French: Abbeville

A Abevile ot un bouchier,
Que si voison orent molt chier.

12th or 13th century, author unknown, Le Bouchier D'Abevile:

In Abbeville there was a butcher,
Held in high esteem by his neighbors.


afaire

fro-noun

afaire oblique singular, f (oblique plural afaires, nominative singular afaire, nominative plural afaires)

afaire oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
afaires (oblique plural)
afaire (nominative singular)
afaires (nominative plural)

Middle French: affaire

French: affaire

Norman: affaire

Picard: afoaire

→ Middle Dutch: affare

Dutch: affaire

→ Middle English: afere, affere

English: affair

.I. mes en vait au roi de Saint Denis
Qui tout l'afaire li ot contet et dit[.]

12ᵗʰ Century, Unknown, Raoul de Cambrai:

One month he went to the king of Saint Denis
And told him all about the situation[.]


siecle

siecle oblique singular, m (oblique plural siecles, nominative singular siecles, nominative plural siecle)

siecle oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
siecles (oblique plural)
siecles (nominative singular)
siecle (nominative plural)

desctree

Middle French: siecle
French: siècle, siecle (obsolete)
Haitian Creole: syèk
Swedish: sekel
Norman: siaeclle (Guernsey), siècl'ye (Jersey)

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin saeculum (the expected inherited form would be *sieil).

slbor

Bons fut li siecles al tens ancienor,
Quer feit i ert e justise et amor,
Si ert credance, dont or n’i at nul prot

mid-late 11ᵗʰ century, anonymous author, Vie de saint Alexis [Life of saint Alexius] (overall work in Old French), stanza 1; republished as Gaston Paris, editor, La vie de saint Alexis (Recueil de travaux originaux ou traduits; 5), Paris, 1872, page 139:

Good were the centuries in the ancient time, for both justice and love were accomplished, thus there was faith, which is now no advantage


afere

fro-noun

afere oblique singular, f (oblique plural aferes, nominative singular afere, nominative plural aferes)

afere oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
aferes (oblique plural)
afere (nominative singular)
aferes (nominative plural)


elementatif

head

elementatif m (oblique and nominative feminine singular elementative)

elementative (feminine nominative oblique singular)
elementatifs (masculine singular subjective)
elementative (feminine singular subjective)
elementatif (neuter singular subjective)
elementatif (masculine oblique singular)
elementative (feminine oblique singular)
elementatif (neuter oblique singular)
elementatif (oblique singular)
elementatif (masculine plural subjective)
elementatives (feminine plural subjective)
elementatif (neuter plural subjective)
elementatif (plural subjective)
elementatifs (masculine oblique plural)
elementative (feminine oblique plural)
elementatif (neuter oblique plural)
elementatif (oblique plural)


elementable

elementable m (oblique and nominative feminine singular elementable)

elementable (feminine nominative oblique singular)
elementables (masculine singular subjective)
elementable (feminine singular subjective)
elementable (neuter singular subjective)
elementable (masculine oblique singular)
elementable (feminine oblique singular)
elementable (neuter oblique singular)
elementable (oblique singular)
elementable (masculine plural subjective)
elementables (feminine plural subjective)
elementable (neuter plural subjective)
elementable (plural subjective)
elementables (masculine oblique plural)
elementables (feminine oblique plural)
elementable (neuter oblique plural)
elementables (oblique plural)
elementable (oblique plural)


mostrer

mostrer (infinitive)
avoir mostré (infinitive multiword-construction)
en mostrant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
mostrant (participle present)
mostré (participle past)
mostre (first-person indicative present singular)
mostres (indicative present second-person singular)
mostre (indicative present singular third-person)
mostrons (first-person indicative plural present)
mostrez (indicative plural present second-person)
mostrent (indicative plural present third-person)
mostroie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mostreie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mostroe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mostreve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mostroies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mostreies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mostroes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mostreves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mostroit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mostreit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mostrot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mostreve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mostriiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mostriens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mostriiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mostriez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mostroient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mostreient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mostroent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mostrevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mostrai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
mostras (indicative preterite second-person singular)
mostra (indicative preterite singular third-person)
mostrames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
mostrastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
mostrerent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
mostrerai (first-person future indicative singular)
mostreras (future indicative second-person singular)
mostrera (future indicative singular third-person)
mostrerons (first-person future indicative plural)
mostreroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
mostrereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
mostrerez (future indicative plural second-person)
mostreront (future indicative plural third-person)
mostreroie (conditional first-person singular)
mostrereie (conditional first-person singular)
mostreroies (conditional second-person singular)
mostrereies (conditional second-person singular)
mostreroit (conditional singular third-person)
mostrereit (conditional singular third-person)
mostreriiens (conditional first-person plural)
mostreriens (conditional first-person plural)
mostreriiez (conditional plural second-person)
mostreriez (conditional plural second-person)
mostreroient (conditional plural third-person)
mostrereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
mostre (first-person present singular subjunctive)
mostres (present second-person singular subjunctive)
mostre (present singular subjunctive third-person)
mostrons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
mostrez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
mostrent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
mostrasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
mostrasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mostrast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mostrissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mostrissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mostrissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mostrissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mostrissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mostrassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
mostre (imperative second-person singular)
mostrons (first-person imperative plural)
mostrez (imperative plural second-person)


abeïe

fro-noun

abeïe oblique singular, f (oblique plural abeïes, nominative singular abeïe, nominative plural abeïes)

abeïe oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
abeïes (oblique plural)
abeïe (nominative singular)
abeïes (nominative plural)

Le leu u il aler deient:
Abeïe bele e bone

c. 1110,, Benedeit, Le Voyage de saint Brandan:

The place to which they must go
has a fine, beautiful abbey

Quant li moigne de l'abeïe,
orent chanté et dit complie,
El dortor s'alerent couchier.

12ᵗʰ or 13ᵗʰ Century, author unknown, Du Segretain Moine:

When the monks of the abbey,
Had sung and said their prayers,
They went to sleep in theirs chambers.


destorner

destorner (infinitive)
avoir destorné (infinitive multiword-construction)
en destornant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
destornant (participle present)
destorné (participle past)
destorn (first-person indicative present singular)
destornes (indicative present second-person singular)
destorne (indicative present singular third-person)
destornons (first-person indicative plural present)
destornez (indicative plural present second-person)
destornent (indicative plural present third-person)
destornoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
destorneie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
destornoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
destorneve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
destornoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
destorneies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
destornoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
destorneves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
destornoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
destorneit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
destornot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
destorneve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
destorniiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
destorniens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
destorniiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
destorniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
destornoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
destorneient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
destornoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
destornevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
destornai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
destornas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
destorna (indicative preterite singular third-person)
destornames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
destornastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
destornerent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
destornerai (first-person future indicative singular)
destorneras (future indicative second-person singular)
destornera (future indicative singular third-person)
destornerons (first-person future indicative plural)
destorneroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
destornereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
destornerez (future indicative plural second-person)
destorneront (future indicative plural third-person)
destorneroie (conditional first-person singular)
destornereie (conditional first-person singular)
destorneroies (conditional second-person singular)
destornereies (conditional second-person singular)
destorneroit (conditional singular third-person)
destornereit (conditional singular third-person)
destorneriiens (conditional first-person plural)
destorneriens (conditional first-person plural)
destorneriiez (conditional plural second-person)
destorneriez (conditional plural second-person)
destorneroient (conditional plural third-person)
destornereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
destorn (first-person present singular subjunctive)
destorz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
destort (present singular subjunctive third-person)
destornons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
destornez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
destornent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
destornasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
destornasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
destornast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
destornissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
destornissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
destornissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
destornissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
destornissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
destornassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
destorne (imperative second-person singular)
destornons (first-person imperative plural)
destornez (imperative plural second-person)

French: détourner

(transitive or intransitive) to turn away; to turn round


retorner

retorner (infinitive)
avoir retorné (infinitive multiword-construction)
en retornant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
retornant (participle present)
retorné (participle past)
retorn (first-person indicative present singular)
retornes (indicative present second-person singular)
retorne (indicative present singular third-person)
retornons (first-person indicative plural present)
retornez (indicative plural present second-person)
retornent (indicative plural present third-person)
retornoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
retorneie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
retornoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
retorneve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
retornoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
retorneies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
retornoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
retorneves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
retornoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
retorneit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
retornot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
retorneve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
retorniiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
retorniens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
retorniiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
retorniez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
retornoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
retorneient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
retornoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
retornevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
retornai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
retornas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
retorna (indicative preterite singular third-person)
retornames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
retornastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
retornerent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
retornerai (first-person future indicative singular)
retorneras (future indicative second-person singular)
retornera (future indicative singular third-person)
retornerons (first-person future indicative plural)
retorneroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
retornereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
retornerez (future indicative plural second-person)
retorneront (future indicative plural third-person)
retorneroie (conditional first-person singular)
retornereie (conditional first-person singular)
retorneroies (conditional second-person singular)
retornereies (conditional second-person singular)
retorneroit (conditional singular third-person)
retornereit (conditional singular third-person)
retorneriiens (conditional first-person plural)
retorneriens (conditional first-person plural)
retorneriiez (conditional plural second-person)
retorneriez (conditional plural second-person)
retorneroient (conditional plural third-person)
retornereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
retorn (first-person present singular subjunctive)
retorz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
retort (present singular subjunctive third-person)
retornons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
retornez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
retornent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
retornasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
retornasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
retornast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
retornissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
retornissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
retornissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
retornissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
retornissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
retornassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
retorne (imperative second-person singular)
retornons (first-person imperative plural)
retornez (imperative plural second-person)

French: retourner

desctree

→ Middle English: returnen, returne, retournen, retornen
English: return
Yola: returnth (past)

From Medieval Latin retornare (“to turn back”), from Latin re- + tornō, tornāre (“turn”), from tornus (“lathe”).


Amiens

English: Amiens

Middle French: Amiens

From the Roman praenomen Ambianum, from Latin Ambiani (“Celtic tribe in northern Gaul”), possibly from Gaulish ambe (“river”), from Proto-Celtic *abū, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“water”).

der

Amiens (the capital city of the modern Somme department, in the modern region of Hauts-de-France, France)


reson

fro-noun

reson oblique singular, f (oblique plural resons, nominative singular reson, nominative plural resons)

reson oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
resons (oblique plural)
reson (nominative singular)
resons (nominative plural)

→ Middle English: reson

English: reason

→ Welsh: rheswm

French: raison

Norman: raison


nomer

nomer (infinitive)
avoir nomé (infinitive multiword-construction)
en nomant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
nomant (participle present)
nomé (participle past)
nom (first-person indicative present singular)
nomes (indicative present second-person singular)
nome (indicative present singular third-person)
nomons (first-person indicative plural present)
nomez (indicative plural present second-person)
noment (indicative plural present third-person)
nomoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
nomeie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
nomoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
nomeve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
nomoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
nomeies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
nomoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
nomeves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
nomoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nomeit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nomot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nomeve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
nomiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
nomiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
nomiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
nomiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
nomoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
nomeient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
nomoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
nomevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
nomai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
nomas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
noma (indicative preterite singular third-person)
nomames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
nomastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
nomerent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
nomerai (first-person future indicative singular)
nomeras (future indicative second-person singular)
nomera (future indicative singular third-person)
nomerons (first-person future indicative plural)
nomeroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
nomereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
nomerez (future indicative plural second-person)
nomeront (future indicative plural third-person)
nomeroie (conditional first-person singular)
nomereie (conditional first-person singular)
nomeroies (conditional second-person singular)
nomereies (conditional second-person singular)
nomeroit (conditional singular third-person)
nomereit (conditional singular third-person)
nomeriiens (conditional first-person plural)
nomeriens (conditional first-person plural)
nomeriiez (conditional plural second-person)
nomeriez (conditional plural second-person)
nomeroient (conditional plural third-person)
nomereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
nom (first-person present singular subjunctive)
nons (present second-person singular subjunctive)
nont (present singular subjunctive third-person)
nomons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
nomez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
noment (plural present subjunctive third-person)
nomasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
nomasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
nomast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
nomissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
nomissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
nomissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nomissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nomissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
nomassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
nome (imperative second-person singular)
nomons (first-person imperative plural)
nomez (imperative plural second-person)

Middle French: nommer

French: nommer

Norman: nommer

Walloon: lomer

(reflexive, se nomer) to be called (have a certain name)


chalonge

chalonge oblique singular, m or f (oblique plural chalonges, nominative singular chalonges, nominative plural chalonge)

chalonge oblique singular or (canonical feminine masculine)
chalonges (oblique plural)
chalonges (nominative singular)
chalonge (nominative plural)

desctree

→ English: challenge
→ French: challenge (orthographic)
→ Japanese: チャレンジ (charenji)
→ Russian: че́ллендж (čéllendž)

French: challenge (partially)

Norman: calenge

From Latin calumnia. Compare Modern French challenge. Doublet of calomnie.


plorer

plorer (infinitive)
avoir ploré (infinitive multiword-construction)
en plorant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
plorant (participle present)
ploré (participle past)
pleur (first-person indicative present singular)
pleures (indicative present second-person singular)
pleure (indicative present singular third-person)
plorons (first-person indicative plural present)
plorez (indicative plural present second-person)
pleurent (indicative plural present third-person)
ploroie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ploreie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ploroe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ploreve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ploroies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ploreies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ploroes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ploreves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ploroit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ploreit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
plorot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ploreve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
ploriiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ploriens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ploriiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ploriez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ploroient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ploreient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
ploroent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
plorevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
plorai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
ploras (indicative preterite second-person singular)
plora (indicative preterite singular third-person)
plorames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
plorastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
plorerent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
plorerai (first-person future indicative singular)
ploreras (future indicative second-person singular)
plorera (future indicative singular third-person)
plorerons (first-person future indicative plural)
ploreroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
plorereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
plorerez (future indicative plural second-person)
ploreront (future indicative plural third-person)
ploreroie (conditional first-person singular)
plorereie (conditional first-person singular)
ploreroies (conditional second-person singular)
plorereies (conditional second-person singular)
ploreroit (conditional singular third-person)
plorereit (conditional singular third-person)
ploreriiens (conditional first-person plural)
ploreriens (conditional first-person plural)
ploreriiez (conditional plural second-person)
ploreriez (conditional plural second-person)
ploreroient (conditional plural third-person)
plorereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
pleur (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pleurs (present second-person singular subjunctive)
pleurt (present singular subjunctive third-person)
plorons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
plorez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pleurent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
plorasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
plorasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
plorast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
plorissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
plorissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
plorissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
plorissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
plorissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
plorassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pleure (imperative second-person singular)
plorons (first-person imperative plural)
plorez (imperative plural second-person)

French: plourer

Middle French: plourer

French: pleurer (see there for further descendants)

Norman: pleurer

From Latin plōrāre. Compare Spanish llorar and Catalan plorar.


voloir

voloir (infinitive)
avoir volu (infinitive multiword-construction)
en volant (gerund)
voillant (gerund)
vueillant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
volant (participle present)
voillant (participle present)
vueillant (participle present)
volu (participle past)
voil (first-person indicative present singular)
vueil (first-person indicative present singular)
vuel (first-person indicative present singular)
vueus (indicative present second-person singular)
vues (indicative present second-person singular)
vueut (indicative present singular third-person)
vuet (indicative present singular third-person)
volons (first-person indicative plural present)
volez (indicative plural present second-person)
vuelent (indicative plural present third-person)
volent (indicative plural present third-person)
voloie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
voleie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
voloies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
voleies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
voloit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
voleit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
voliiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
voliens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
voliiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
voliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
voloient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
voleient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
voil (first-person indicative preterite singular)
vol (first-person indicative preterite singular)
vous (first-person indicative preterite singular)
voli (first-person indicative preterite singular)
vousi (first-person indicative preterite singular)
volis (indicative preterite second-person singular)
vousis (indicative preterite second-person singular)
vout (indicative preterite singular third-person)
voust (indicative preterite singular third-person)
voli (indicative preterite singular third-person)
vousi (indicative preterite singular third-person)
volimes (first-person indicative plural preterite)
vousimes (first-person indicative plural preterite)
volistes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
vousistes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
voudrent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
volrent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
voustrent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
volirent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
vousirent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
voudrai (first-person future indicative singular)
voudras (future indicative second-person singular)
voudra (future indicative singular third-person)
voudrons (first-person future indicative plural)
voudroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
voudreiz (future indicative plural second-person)
voudrez (future indicative plural second-person)
voudront (future indicative plural third-person)
voudroie (conditional first-person singular)
voudreie (conditional first-person singular)
voudroies (conditional second-person singular)
voudreies (conditional second-person singular)
voudroit (conditional singular third-person)
voudreit (conditional singular third-person)
voudriiens (conditional first-person plural)
voudriens (conditional first-person plural)
voudriiez (conditional plural second-person)
voudriez (conditional plural second-person)
voudroient (conditional plural third-person)
voudreient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
vueille (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vueilles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vueille (present singular subjunctive third-person)
voilliens (first-person plural present subjunctive)
voillons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vueilliens (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vueillons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
voilliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vueilliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vueillent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
volisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
vousisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
volisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
vousisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
volist (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
vousist (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
volissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
volissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vousissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vousissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
volissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
volissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
volissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vousissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vousissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vousissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
volissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
vousissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
vueilles (imperative second-person singular)
vueilliens (first-person imperative plural)
vueillons (first-person imperative plural)
vueilliez (imperative plural second-person)

From Vulgar Latin volēre, regularized from Latin velle.

si come li sires qui vuet en petit leu amasser choses de grandisme vaillance […] por acroistre son pooir […] i met il les plus chieres choses et les plus precieux joiaus que il puet, selonc sa bone entencion, tout autressi est li cors de cest livre compilez de sapience

1260–1267, Brunetto Latini, “Cist premiers livres parole de la naissance de toutes choses [This first book talks about the birth of all things]” (chapter 1), Livre I - Premiere partie, in Livres dou Tresor [Book of Treasures]; republished as Polycarpe Chabaille, compiler, Li livres dou tresor par Brunetto Latini, Paris: Imprimerie impériale, 1863, page 1:

Just like the lord, who wants to accumulate very valuable things in a tiny place […] in order to increase his power, […] puts there—according to his good intention—the dearest things and the most precious jewels he can, so the body of this book is filled with knowledge


voloir

fro-noun

voloir oblique singular, m (oblique plural voloirs, nominative singular voloirs, nominative plural voloir)

voloir oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
voloirs (oblique plural)
voloirs (nominative singular)
voloir (nominative plural)

Bourguignon: veuloi

French: vouloir

Gallo: vóleir

Norman: vouler, vouleî

Picard: vouloér

Walloon: voleur

Et dist l'abbet : « Vostre voloir ferons. [»]

Il welent faire lor voloir,

c. 1250, Rutebeuf, C’est li diz des regles:


voleir

voleir (infinitive)
aveir volu (infinitive multiword-construction)
en volant (gerund)
voillant (gerund)
vueillant (gerund)
gerund of aveir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
volant (participle present)
voillant (participle present)
vueillant (participle present)
volu (participle past)
voil (first-person indicative present singular)
vueil (first-person indicative present singular)
vuel (first-person indicative present singular)
vueus (indicative present second-person singular)
vues (indicative present second-person singular)
vueut (indicative present singular third-person)
vuet (indicative present singular third-person)
volons (first-person indicative plural present)
volez (indicative plural present second-person)
vuelent (indicative plural present third-person)
volent (indicative plural present third-person)
voleie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
voleies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
voleit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
voliiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
voliens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
voliiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
voliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
voleient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
voil (first-person indicative preterite singular)
vol (first-person indicative preterite singular)
vous (first-person indicative preterite singular)
voli (first-person indicative preterite singular)
vousi (first-person indicative preterite singular)
volis (indicative preterite second-person singular)
vousis (indicative preterite second-person singular)
vout (indicative preterite singular third-person)
voust (indicative preterite singular third-person)
voli (indicative preterite singular third-person)
vousi (indicative preterite singular third-person)
volimes (first-person indicative plural preterite)
vousimes (first-person indicative plural preterite)
volistes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
vousistes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
voudrent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
volrent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
voustrent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
volirent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
vousirent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
voudrai (first-person future indicative singular)
voudras (future indicative second-person singular)
voudra (future indicative singular third-person)
voudrons (first-person future indicative plural)
voudreiz (future indicative plural second-person)
voudrez (future indicative plural second-person)
voudront (future indicative plural third-person)
voudreie (conditional first-person singular)
voudreies (conditional second-person singular)
voudreit (conditional singular third-person)
voudriiens (conditional first-person plural)
voudriens (conditional first-person plural)
voudriiez (conditional plural second-person)
voudriez (conditional plural second-person)
voudreient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of aveir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
vueille (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vueilles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vueille (present singular subjunctive third-person)
voilliens (first-person plural present subjunctive)
voillons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vueilliens (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vueillons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
voilliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vueilliez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vueillent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
volisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
vousisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
volisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
vousisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
volist (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
vousist (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
volissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
volissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vousissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vousissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
volisseiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
volissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
volissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vousisseiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vousissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vousissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
volissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
vousissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
vueilles (imperative second-person singular)
vueilliens (first-person imperative plural)
vueillons (first-person imperative plural)
vueilliez (imperative plural second-person)

(Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of voloir


voleir

voleir oblique singular, m (oblique plural voleirs, nominative singular voleirs, nominative plural voleir)

voleir oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
voleirs (oblique plural)
voleirs (nominative singular)
voleir (nominative plural)

vers mei avez molt buen voleir

c. 1150, Thomas d'Angleterre, Le Roman de Tristan, Champion Classiques edition, →ISBN, page 60, line 282:


mengier

mengier (infinitive)
avoir mengié (infinitive multiword-construction)
en menjant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
menjant (participle present)
mengié (participle past)
manju (first-person indicative present singular)
manjües (indicative present second-person singular)
manjüe (indicative present singular third-person)
menjons (first-person indicative plural present)
mengiez (indicative plural present second-person)
manjüent (indicative plural present third-person)
menjoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mengeie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
menjoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mengieve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
menjoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mengeies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
menjoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mengieves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
menjoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mengeit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
menjot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mengieve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mengiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mengiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mengiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mengiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
menjoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mengeient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
menjoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mengievent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
menjai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
menjas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
menja (indicative preterite singular third-person)
menjames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
menjastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
mengierent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
mengerai (first-person future indicative singular)
mengeras (future indicative second-person singular)
mengera (future indicative singular third-person)
mengerons (first-person future indicative plural)
mengeroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
mengereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
mengerez (future indicative plural second-person)
mengeront (future indicative plural third-person)
mengeroie (conditional first-person singular)
mengereie (conditional first-person singular)
mengeroies (conditional second-person singular)
mengereies (conditional second-person singular)
mengeroit (conditional singular third-person)
mengereit (conditional singular third-person)
mengeriiens (conditional first-person plural)
mengeriens (conditional first-person plural)
mengeriiez (conditional plural second-person)
mengeriez (conditional plural second-person)
mengeroient (conditional plural third-person)
mengereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
manju (first-person present singular subjunctive)
manjus (present second-person singular subjunctive)
manjut (present singular subjunctive third-person)
menjons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
mengiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
manjüent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
menjasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
menjasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
menjast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mengissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mengissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mengissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mengissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mengissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
menjassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
manjüe (imperative second-person singular)
menjons (first-person imperative plural)
mengiez (imperative plural second-person)


hastif

head

hastif m (oblique and nominative feminine singular hastive)

hastive (feminine nominative oblique singular)
hastifs (masculine singular subjective)
hastive (feminine singular subjective)
hastif (neuter singular subjective)
hastif (masculine oblique singular)
hastive (feminine oblique singular)
hastif (neuter oblique singular)
hastive (oblique singular)
hastif (oblique singular)
hastif (masculine plural subjective)
hastives (feminine plural subjective)
hastif (neuter plural subjective)
hastif (plural subjective)
hastifs (masculine oblique plural)
hastives (feminine oblique plural)
hastif (neuter oblique plural)
hastives (oblique plural)
hastif (oblique plural)

French: hâtif

→ Middle English: hastif

English: hastive

From Frankish *haifst (“violence”). Compare Old High German heisti (“powerful”).


fundement

fro-noun

fundement oblique singular, m (oblique plural fundemenz or fundementz, nominative singular fundemenz or fundementz, nominative plural fundement)

fundement oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
fundemenz (oblique plural)
fundementz (oblique plural)
fundemenz (nominative singular)
fundementz (nominative singular)
fundement (nominative plural)

(Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of fondement


fondement

fondement oblique singular, m (oblique plural fondemenz or fondementz, nominative singular fondemenz or fondementz, nominative plural fondement)

fondement oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
fondemenz (oblique plural)
fondementz (oblique plural)
fondemenz (nominative singular)
fondementz (nominative singular)
fondement (nominative plural)

French: fondement
→ Romanian: fundament

→ Middle Dutch: fondament

Dutch: fundament (see there for further descendants)

desctree

→ English: fundament, foundament (obsolete)
→ Welsh: ffwndament


chacier

chacier (infinitive)
avoir chacié (infinitive multiword-construction)
en chaçant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
chaçant (participle present)
chacié (participle past)
chaz (first-person indicative present singular)
chaces (indicative present second-person singular)
chace (indicative present singular third-person)
chaçons (first-person indicative plural present)
chaciez (indicative plural present second-person)
chacent (indicative plural present third-person)
chaçoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chaceie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chaçoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chacieve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chaçoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chaceies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chaçoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chacieves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chaçoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chaceit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chaçot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chacieve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chaciiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
chaciens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
chaciiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
chaciez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
chaçoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chaceient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chaçoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chacievent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chaçai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
chaças (indicative preterite second-person singular)
chaça (indicative preterite singular third-person)
chaçames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
chaçastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
chacierent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
chacerai (first-person future indicative singular)
chaceras (future indicative second-person singular)
chacera (future indicative singular third-person)
chacerons (first-person future indicative plural)
chaceroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
chacereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
chacerez (future indicative plural second-person)
chaceront (future indicative plural third-person)
chaceroie (conditional first-person singular)
chacereie (conditional first-person singular)
chaceroies (conditional second-person singular)
chacereies (conditional second-person singular)
chaceroit (conditional singular third-person)
chacereit (conditional singular third-person)
chaceriiens (conditional first-person plural)
chaceriens (conditional first-person plural)
chaceriiez (conditional plural second-person)
chaceriez (conditional plural second-person)
chaceroient (conditional plural third-person)
chacereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
chaz (first-person present singular subjunctive)
chaz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
chazt (present singular subjunctive third-person)
chaçons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
chaciez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
chacent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
chaçasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
chaçasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
chaçast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
chacissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
chacissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
chacissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
chacissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
chacissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
chaçassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
chace (imperative second-person singular)
chaçons (first-person imperative plural)
chaciez (imperative plural second-person)

French: chasser

Bourguignon: chaissai

desc

Champenois: chaisser (Troyen), tasseu (Rémois)

Franc-Comtois: tcheussie

Poitevin-Saintongeais: chaçàe

Walloon: tchessî

Picard: cachier

desctree

→ Middle English: cacchen, kacchen, caschen, caicchen, kecchen, kichen
English: catch
→ French: catch
→ Kabuverdianu:
→ Portuguese: cachir
→ Spanish: cachar
Yola: kotch

From Vulgar Latin *captiāre, from Latin captus.


chastier

chastier (infinitive)
avoir chastïé (infinitive multiword-construction)
en chastiant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
chastiant (participle present)
chastïé (participle past)
chasti (first-person indicative present singular)
chastïes (indicative present second-person singular)
chastïe (indicative present singular third-person)
chastions (first-person indicative plural present)
chastïez (indicative plural present second-person)
chastïent (indicative plural present third-person)
chastioie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chastïeie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chastioe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chastïeve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
chastioies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chastïeies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chastioes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chastïeves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
chastioit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chastïeit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chastiot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chastïeve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
chastiiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
chastiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
chastiiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
chastiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
chastioient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chastïeient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chastioent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chastïevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
chastiai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
chastias (indicative preterite second-person singular)
chastia (indicative preterite singular third-person)
chastiames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
chastiastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
chastïerent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
chastïerai (first-person future indicative singular)
chastïeras (future indicative second-person singular)
chastïera (future indicative singular third-person)
chastïerons (first-person future indicative plural)
chastïeroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
chastïereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
chastïerez (future indicative plural second-person)
chastïeront (future indicative plural third-person)
chastïeroie (conditional first-person singular)
chastïereie (conditional first-person singular)
chastïeroies (conditional second-person singular)
chastïereies (conditional second-person singular)
chastïeroit (conditional singular third-person)
chastïereit (conditional singular third-person)
chastïeriiens (conditional first-person plural)
chastïeriens (conditional first-person plural)
chastïeriiez (conditional plural second-person)
chastïeriez (conditional plural second-person)
chastïeroient (conditional plural third-person)
chastïereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
chasti (first-person present singular subjunctive)
chastis (present second-person singular subjunctive)
chastit (present singular subjunctive third-person)
chastions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
chastïez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
chastïent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
chastiasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
chastiasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
chastiast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
chastiissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
chastiissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
chastiissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
chastiissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
chastiissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
chastiassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
chastïe (imperative second-person singular)
chastions (first-person imperative plural)
chastïez (imperative plural second-person)

Middle French: chastier, chastoyer

French: châtier

→ Middle Armenian: ջաստել (ǰastel)

→ Middle English: chastien

English: chasten


belement

French: bellement

A dous Franceis belement en avint.

10th century, Turold, La Chanson de Roland, page CCLIII https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/La_Chanson_de_Roland/Raoul_Mortier:


cortois

head

cortois m (oblique and nominative feminine singular cortoise)

cortoise (feminine nominative oblique singular)


cuidier

cuidier (infinitive)
avoir cuidié (infinitive multiword-construction)
en cuidant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
cuidant (participle present)
cuidié (participle past)
cuit (first-person indicative present singular)
cuides (indicative present second-person singular)
cuide (indicative present singular third-person)
cuidons (first-person indicative plural present)
cuidiez (indicative plural present second-person)
cuident (indicative plural present third-person)
cuidoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cuideie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cuidoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cuidieve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cuidoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cuideies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cuidoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cuidieves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cuidoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cuideit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cuidot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cuidieve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cuidiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cuidiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cuidiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cuidiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cuidoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cuideient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cuidoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cuidievent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cuidai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
cuidas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
cuida (indicative preterite singular third-person)
cuidames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
cuidastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
cuidierent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
cuiderai (first-person future indicative singular)
cuideras (future indicative second-person singular)
cuidera (future indicative singular third-person)
cuiderons (first-person future indicative plural)
cuideroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
cuidereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
cuiderez (future indicative plural second-person)
cuideront (future indicative plural third-person)
cuideroie (conditional first-person singular)
cuidereie (conditional first-person singular)
cuideroies (conditional second-person singular)
cuidereies (conditional second-person singular)
cuideroit (conditional singular third-person)
cuidereit (conditional singular third-person)
cuideriiens (conditional first-person plural)
cuideriens (conditional first-person plural)
cuideriiez (conditional plural second-person)
cuideriez (conditional plural second-person)
cuideroient (conditional plural third-person)
cuidereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
cuit (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cuiz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
cuit (present singular subjunctive third-person)
cuidons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
cuidiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
cuident (plural present subjunctive third-person)
cuidasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
cuidasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cuidast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cuidissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
cuidissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
cuidissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cuidissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cuidissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cuidassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cuide (imperative second-person singular)
cuidons (first-person imperative plural)
cuidiez (imperative plural second-person)

Bourguignon: cueudai

Lorrain: cueuder

French: cuider

From Latin cōgitāre (“to think”). Compare Spanish cuidar.

Mes qui l’apele il ne le sot :
Fantosme cuide que ce soit.

c. 1180,, Chrétien de Troyes, Lancelot ou le Chevalier de la charrette:

But he did not know who was calling him
He thought that it was a ghost


bouter

bouter (infinitive)
avoir bouté (infinitive multiword-construction)
en boutant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
boutant (participle present)
bouté (participle past)
bout (first-person indicative present singular)
boutes (indicative present second-person singular)
boute (indicative present singular third-person)
boutons (first-person indicative plural present)
boutez (indicative plural present second-person)
boutent (indicative plural present third-person)
boutoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
bouteie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
boutoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
bouteve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
boutoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
bouteies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
boutoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
bouteves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
boutoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
bouteit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
boutot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
bouteve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
boutiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
boutiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
boutiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
boutiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
boutoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
bouteient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
boutoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
boutevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
boutai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
boutas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
bouta (indicative preterite singular third-person)
boutames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
boutastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
bouterent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
bouterai (first-person future indicative singular)
bouteras (future indicative second-person singular)
boutera (future indicative singular third-person)
bouterons (first-person future indicative plural)
bouteroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
boutereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
bouterez (future indicative plural second-person)
bouteront (future indicative plural third-person)
bouteroie (conditional first-person singular)
boutereie (conditional first-person singular)
bouteroies (conditional second-person singular)
boutereies (conditional second-person singular)
bouteroit (conditional singular third-person)
boutereit (conditional singular third-person)
bouteriiens (conditional first-person plural)
bouteriens (conditional first-person plural)
bouteriiez (conditional plural second-person)
bouteriez (conditional plural second-person)
bouteroient (conditional plural third-person)
boutereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
bout (first-person present singular subjunctive)
bouz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
bout (present singular subjunctive third-person)
boutons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
boutez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
boutent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
boutasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
boutasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
boutast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
boutissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
boutissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
boutissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
boutissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
boutissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
boutassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
boute (imperative second-person singular)
boutons (first-person imperative plural)
boutez (imperative plural second-person)

Anglo-Norman: boter, buter

→ Middle English: butten, bouten

English: butt

Middle French: bouter

French: bouter

Norman: bouter (Jèrriais), boutaïr (Guernésiais)

From Frankish *bōtan (“to beat”), from Proto-West Germanic *bautan.


estouffler

estouffler (infinitive)
avoir estoufflé (infinitive multiword-construction)
en estoufflant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
estoufflant (participle present)
estoufflé (participle past)
estouffle (first-person indicative present singular)
estouffles (indicative present second-person singular)
estouffle (indicative present singular third-person)
estoufflons (first-person indicative plural present)
estoufflez (indicative plural present second-person)
estoufflent (indicative plural present third-person)
estouffloie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
estouffleie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
estouffloe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
estouffleve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
estouffloies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
estouffleies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
estouffloes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
estouffleves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
estouffloit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
estouffleit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
estoufflot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
estouffleve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
estouffliiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
estouffliens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
estouffliiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
estouffliez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
estouffloient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
estouffleient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
estouffloent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
estoufflevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
estoufflai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
estoufflas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
estouffla (indicative preterite singular third-person)
estoufflames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
estoufflastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
estoufflerent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
estoufflerai (first-person future indicative singular)
estouffleras (future indicative second-person singular)
estoufflera (future indicative singular third-person)
estoufflerons (first-person future indicative plural)
estouffleroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
estoufflereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
estoufflerez (future indicative plural second-person)
estouffleront (future indicative plural third-person)
estouffleroie (conditional first-person singular)
estoufflereie (conditional first-person singular)
estouffleroies (conditional second-person singular)
estoufflereies (conditional second-person singular)
estouffleroit (conditional singular third-person)
estoufflereit (conditional singular third-person)
estouffleriiens (conditional first-person plural)
estouffleriens (conditional first-person plural)
estouffleriiez (conditional plural second-person)
estouffleriez (conditional plural second-person)
estouffleroient (conditional plural third-person)
estoufflereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
estouffle (first-person present singular subjunctive)
estouffles (present second-person singular subjunctive)
estouffle (present singular subjunctive third-person)
estoufflons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
estoufflez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
estoufflent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
estoufflasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
estoufflasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
estoufflast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
estoufflissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
estoufflissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
estoufflissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
estoufflissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
estoufflissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
estoufflassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
estouffle (imperative second-person singular)
estoufflons (first-person imperative plural)
estoufflez (imperative plural second-person)

French: étouffer

From ex + touffer, a word from Latin typhus and ultimately Ancient Greek τῦφος (tûphos, “steam, vapor”), from τύφω (túphō, “to smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-, extended form of *dʰew- (“scatter like dust”).


estoffer

estoffer (infinitive)
avoir estoffé (infinitive multiword-construction)
en estoffant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
estoffant (participle present)
estoffé (participle past)
estof (first-person indicative present singular)
estoffes (indicative present second-person singular)
estoffe (indicative present singular third-person)
estoffons (first-person indicative plural present)
estoffez (indicative plural present second-person)
estoffent (indicative plural present third-person)
estoffoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
estoffeie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
estoffoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
estoffeve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
estoffoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
estoffeies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
estoffoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
estoffeves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
estoffoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
estoffeit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
estoffot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
estoffeve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
estoffiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
estoffiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
estoffiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
estoffiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
estoffoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
estoffeient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
estoffoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
estoffevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
estoffai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
estoffas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
estoffa (indicative preterite singular third-person)
estoffames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
estoffastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
estofferent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
estofferai (first-person future indicative singular)
estofferas (future indicative second-person singular)
estoffera (future indicative singular third-person)
estofferons (first-person future indicative plural)
estofferoiz (future indicative plural second-person)
estoffereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
estofferez (future indicative plural second-person)
estofferont (future indicative plural third-person)
estofferoie (conditional first-person singular)
estoffereie (conditional first-person singular)
estofferoies (conditional second-person singular)
estoffereies (conditional second-person singular)
estofferoit (conditional singular third-person)
estoffereit (conditional singular third-person)
estofferiiens (conditional first-person plural)
estofferiens (conditional first-person plural)
estofferiiez (conditional plural second-person)
estofferiez (conditional plural second-person)
estofferoient (conditional plural third-person)
estoffereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
estof (first-person present singular subjunctive)
estos (present second-person singular subjunctive)
estot (present singular subjunctive third-person)
estoffons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
estoffez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
estoffent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
estoffasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
estoffasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
estoffast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
estoffissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
estoffissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
estoffissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
estoffissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
estoffissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
estoffassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
estoffe (imperative second-person singular)
estoffons (first-person imperative plural)
estoffez (imperative plural second-person)

Middle French: estoffer
French: étoffer

→ Middle Dutch: stoffēren

Dutch: stofferen

→ Middle Low German: staffēren

→ German: staffieren

→ Middle English: stuffen

English: stuff

→ French: stoff

Scots: stuff

Borrowed from Old High German stopfōn, stoffōn, from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn. The source must be an Alemannic dialect, not a Frankish one (as claimed in several sources). Western dialects of Frankish (i.e. Rhine and Central Franconian) did not undergo the shift pp > pf.


vuidier

vuidier (infinitive)
avoir vuidié (infinitive multiword-construction)
en vuidant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
vuidant (participle present)
vuidié (participle past)
vuit (first-person indicative present singular)
vuides (indicative present second-person singular)
vuide (indicative present singular third-person)
vuidons (first-person indicative plural present)
vuidiez (indicative plural present second-person)
vuident (indicative plural present third-person)
vuidoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
vuideie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
vuidoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
vuidieve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
vuidoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
vuideies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
vuidoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
vuidieves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
vuidoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
vuideit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
vuidot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
vuidieve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
vuidiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vuidiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
vuidiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
vuidiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
vuidoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vuideient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vuidoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vuidievent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
vuidai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
vuidas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
vuida (indicative preterite singular third-person)
vuidames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
vuidastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
vuidierent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
vuiderai (first-person future indicative singular)
vuideras (future indicative second-person singular)
vuidera (future indicative singular third-person)
vuiderons (first-person future indicative plural)
vuideroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
vuidereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
vuiderez (future indicative plural second-person)
vuideront (future indicative plural third-person)
vuideroie (conditional first-person singular)
vuidereie (conditional first-person singular)
vuideroies (conditional second-person singular)
vuidereies (conditional second-person singular)
vuideroit (conditional singular third-person)
vuidereit (conditional singular third-person)
vuideriiens (conditional first-person plural)
vuideriens (conditional first-person plural)
vuideriiez (conditional plural second-person)
vuideriez (conditional plural second-person)
vuideroient (conditional plural third-person)
vuidereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
vuit (first-person present singular subjunctive)
vuiz (present second-person singular subjunctive)
vuit (present singular subjunctive third-person)
vuidons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
vuidiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
vuident (plural present subjunctive third-person)
vuidasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
vuidasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
vuidast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
vuidissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vuidissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
vuidissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vuidissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vuidissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
vuidassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
vuide (imperative second-person singular)
vuidons (first-person imperative plural)
vuidiez (imperative plural second-person)

Champenois: veudier

Franc-Comtois: vudie

French: vider

Norman:

Guernsey Norman: vièdjer

Jersey Norman: viédgi

From Vulgar Latin *vocitāre, from Vulgar Latin *vocitum, ultimately connected to Latin vacuus.


estofer

estofer (infinitive)
avoir estofé (infinitive multiword-construction)
en estofant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
estofant (participle present)
estofé (participle past)
estof (first-person indicative present singular)
estofes (indicative present second-person singular)
estofe (indicative present singular third-person)
estofons (first-person indicative plural present)
estofez (indicative plural present second-person)
estofent (indicative plural present third-person)
estofoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
estofeie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
estofoe (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
estofeve (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
estofoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
estofeies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
estofoes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
estofeves (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
estofoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
estofeit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
estofot (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
estofeve (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
estofiiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
estofiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
estofiiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
estofiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
estofoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
estofeient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
estofoent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
estofevent (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
estofai (first-person indicative preterite singular)
estofas (indicative preterite second-person singular)
estofa (indicative preterite singular third-person)
estofames (first-person indicative plural preterite)
estofastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
estoferent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
estoferai (first-person future indicative singular)
estoferas (future indicative second-person singular)
estofera (future indicative singular third-person)
estoferons (first-person future indicative plural)
estoferoiz (future indicative plural second-person)
estofereiz (future indicative plural second-person)
estoferez (future indicative plural second-person)
estoferont (future indicative plural third-person)
estoferoie (conditional first-person singular)
estofereie (conditional first-person singular)
estoferoies (conditional second-person singular)
estofereies (conditional second-person singular)
estoferoit (conditional singular third-person)
estofereit (conditional singular third-person)
estoferiiens (conditional first-person plural)
estoferiens (conditional first-person plural)
estoferiiez (conditional plural second-person)
estoferiez (conditional plural second-person)
estoferoient (conditional plural third-person)
estofereient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
estof (first-person present singular subjunctive)
estos (present second-person singular subjunctive)
estot (present singular subjunctive third-person)
estofons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
estofez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
estofent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
estofasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
estofasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
estofast (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
estofissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
estofissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
estofissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
estofissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
estofissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
estofassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
estofe (imperative second-person singular)
estofons (first-person imperative plural)
estofez (imperative plural second-person)


porsuir

porsuir (infinitive)
avoir porsuivi (infinitive multiword-construction)
porseü (infinitive multiword-construction)
en porsevant (gerund)
porsuivant (gerund)
gerund of avoir + past participle (gerund multiword-construction)
porsevant (participle present)
porsuivant (participle present)
porsuivi (participle past)
porseü (participle past)
porsui (first-person indicative present singular)
porsuis (indicative present second-person singular)
porsuit (indicative present singular third-person)
porsevons (first-person indicative plural present)
porsuivons (first-person indicative plural present)
porsevez (indicative plural present second-person)
porsuivez (indicative plural present second-person)
porsuivent (indicative plural present third-person)
porsuient (indicative plural present third-person)
porsevoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
porseveie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
porsuivoie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
porsuiveie (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
porsevoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
porseveies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
porsuivoies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
porsuiveies (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
porsevoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
porseveit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
porsuivoit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
porsuiveit (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
porseviiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
porseviens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
porsuiviiens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
porsuiviens (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
porseviiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
porseviez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
porsuiviiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
porsuiviez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
porsevoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
porseveient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
porsuivoient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
porsuiveient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
porsuivi (first-person indicative preterite singular)
porsui (first-person indicative preterite singular)
porsuivis (indicative preterite second-person singular)
porseüs (indicative preterite second-person singular)
porsuivié (indicative preterite singular third-person)
porsut (indicative preterite singular third-person)
porsuivimes (first-person indicative plural preterite)
porseümes (first-person indicative plural preterite)
porsuivistes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
porseüstes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
porsuivierent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
porsurent (indicative plural preterite third-person)
porsevrai (first-person future indicative singular)
porsuivrai (first-person future indicative singular)
porsuirai (first-person future indicative singular)
porsevras (future indicative second-person singular)
porsuivras (future indicative second-person singular)
porsuiras (future indicative second-person singular)
porsevra (future indicative singular third-person)
porsuivra (future indicative singular third-person)
porsuira (future indicative singular third-person)
porsevrons (first-person future indicative plural)
porsuivrons (first-person future indicative plural)
porsuirons (first-person future indicative plural)
porsevroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
porsevreiz (future indicative plural second-person)
porsevrez (future indicative plural second-person)
porsuivroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
porsuivreiz (future indicative plural second-person)
porsuivrez (future indicative plural second-person)
porsuiroiz (future indicative plural second-person)
porsuireiz (future indicative plural second-person)
porsuirez (future indicative plural second-person)
porsevront (future indicative plural third-person)
porsuivront (future indicative plural third-person)
porsuiront (future indicative plural third-person)
porsevroie (conditional first-person singular)
porsevreie (conditional first-person singular)
porsuivroie (conditional first-person singular)
porsuivreie (conditional first-person singular)
porsuiroie (conditional first-person singular)
porsuireie (conditional first-person singular)
porsevroies (conditional second-person singular)
porsevreies (conditional second-person singular)
porsuivroies (conditional second-person singular)
porsuivreies (conditional second-person singular)
porsuiroies (conditional second-person singular)
porsuireies (conditional second-person singular)
porsevroit (conditional singular third-person)
porsevreit (conditional singular third-person)
porsuivroit (conditional singular third-person)
porsuivreit (conditional singular third-person)
porsuiroit (conditional singular third-person)
porsuireit (conditional singular third-person)
porsevriiens (conditional first-person plural)
porsevriens (conditional first-person plural)
porsuivriiens (conditional first-person plural)
porsuivriens (conditional first-person plural)
porsuiriiens (conditional first-person plural)
porsuiriens (conditional first-person plural)
porsevriiez (conditional plural second-person)
porsevriez (conditional plural second-person)
porsuivriiez (conditional plural second-person)
porsuivriez (conditional plural second-person)
porsuiriiez (conditional plural second-person)
porsuiriez (conditional plural second-person)
porsevroient (conditional plural third-person)
porsevreient (conditional plural third-person)
porsuivroient (conditional plural third-person)
porsuivreient (conditional plural third-person)
porsuiroient (conditional plural third-person)
porsuireient (conditional plural third-person)
future tense of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
porsuive (first-person present singular subjunctive)
porsuie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
porsuives (present second-person singular subjunctive)
porsuies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
porsuive (present singular subjunctive third-person)
porsuie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
porsevons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
porsuivons (first-person plural present subjunctive)
porsevez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
porsuivez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
porsuivent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
porsuient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
porsuivisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
porseüsse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
porsuivisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
porseüsses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
porsuivist (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
porseüst (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
porsuivissons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
porsuivissiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
porseüssons (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
porseüssiens (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
porsuivissoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
porsuivissez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
porsuivissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
porseüssoiz (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
porseüssez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
porseüssiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
porsuivissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
porseüssent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
porsui (imperative second-person singular)
porsevons (first-person imperative plural)
porsuivons (first-person imperative plural)
porsevez (imperative plural second-person)
porsuivez (imperative plural second-person)

English: pursue (borrowed via Anglo-Norman)

French: poursuivre

Norman: poursuivre

From Vulgar Latin *prosequere (attested in Vulgar or early Medieval Latin as prosevere and prosequire), from Latin prosequor, prosequi; influenced by persequor, whence the Old French parsivre, parsuivre.

Et pour ce que ceste cure est difficile nul ne le doit avoir mal se nous la poursuivons tres diligement plus particulierement

1377, Bernard de Gordon, Fleur de lis de medecine (a.k.a. lilium medicine):

And because this treatment is difficult, none should be concerned if we pursue it very diligently and particularly


liu

fro-noun

liu oblique singular, m (oblique plural lius, nominative singular lius, nominative plural liu)

liu oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
lius (oblique plural)
lius (nominative singular)
liu (nominative plural)


plater

plater oblique singular, m (oblique plural platers, nominative singular platers, nominative plural plater)

plater oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
platers (oblique plural)
platers (nominative singular)
plater (nominative plural)

→ English: platter


maçue

maçue oblique singular, f (oblique plural maçues, nominative singular maçue, nominative plural maçues)

maçue oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
maçues (oblique plural)
maçue (nominative singular)
maçues (nominative plural)

Bourguignon: maissue

French: massue

Picard: machue


traine

traine oblique singular, f (oblique plural traines, nominative singular traine, nominative plural traines)

traine oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
traines (oblique plural)
traine (nominative singular)
traines (nominative plural)

→ English: train


corage

corage oblique singular, m (oblique plural corages, nominative singular corages, nominative plural corage)

corage oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
corages (oblique plural)
corages (nominative singular)
corage (nominative plural)

Inherited forms:

Bourguignon: coraige

Middle French: corage

desctree

French: courage
→ Bulgarian: кураж (kuraž)
→ Macedonian: кураж (kuraž)
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: korjøsk, korjørsk
→ Romanian: curaj
→ Russian: кураж (kuraž)

→ Alemannic German: Karäschi

→ German: Courage

→ Luxembourgish: Courage

Norman: couothage, kuoradj

Walloon: coraedje

Borrowings (some likely from Old Occitan coratge instead):

→ Aragonese: corache

→ Galician: coraxe

→ Italian: coraggio

→ Middle English: corage
English: courage
→ Irish: coráiste

→ Mirandese: coraige

→ Portuguese: coragem

→ Sicilian: curaggiu

→ Maltese: kuraġġ

→ Spanish: coraje

→ Venetan: coragio

→ Friulian: coraç

→ Greek: κουράγιο (kourágio)

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *corāticum. Attested in the Alexis.

Il ot une feme de grant paraige,
Qui avoit mit tot son coraige.

c. 1200, author unknown, Des Tresces, page 1:

He had a noble wife,
Who has done all she could. (literally, had put all her courage)


coraige

fro-noun

coraige oblique singular, m (oblique plural coraiges, nominative singular coraiges, nominative plural coraige)

coraige oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
coraiges (oblique plural)
coraiges (nominative singular)
coraige (nominative plural)


blasme

blasme oblique singular, m (oblique plural blasmes, nominative singular blasmes, nominative plural blasme)

blasme oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
blasmes (oblique plural)
blasmes (nominative singular)
blasme (nominative plural)

Que vos puissiez cest blasme estaindre

c. 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:

That you may be able to get rid of this blame


blasme

Dutch: blaam

English: blame

French: blâme

inflection of blasmer:
first/third-person present indicative

second-person singular present indicative


dreit

dreit oblique singular, m (oblique plural dreiz or dreitz, nominative singular dreiz or dreitz, nominative plural dreit)

dreit oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
dreiz (oblique plural)
dreitz (oblique plural)
dreiz (nominative singular)
dreitz (nominative singular)
dreit (nominative plural)

From Late Latin drictus, from Latin dīrectus.

(Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of droit


dreit

head

dreit m (oblique and nominative feminine singular dreite)

dreite (feminine nominative oblique singular)
dreiz (masculine singular subjective)
dreits (masculine singular subjective)
dreite (feminine singular subjective)
dreit (neuter singular subjective)
dreit (masculine oblique singular)
dreite (feminine oblique singular)
dreit (neuter oblique singular)
dreite (oblique singular)
dreit (oblique singular)
dreit (masculine plural subjective)
dreites (feminine plural subjective)
dreit (neuter plural subjective)
dreit (plural subjective)
dreiz (masculine oblique plural)
dreits (masculine oblique plural)
dreites (feminine oblique plural)
dreit (neuter oblique plural)
dreites (oblique plural)
dreit (oblique plural)