langue

fro-noun

langue oblique singular, f (oblique plural langues, nominative singular langue, nominative plural langues)

langue oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
langues (oblique plural)
langue (nominative singular)
langues (nominative plural)

desctree

Middle French: langue
French: langue (see there for further descendants)

Champenois: laingue

Franc-Comtois: landye

Norman: laungue

Picard: lingue

Poitevin-Saintongeais: lengue

Walloon: linwe


article

fro-noun

article oblique singular, m (oblique plural articles, nominative singular articles, nominative plural article)

article oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
articles (oblique plural)
articles (nominative singular)
article (nominative plural)

French: article


face

face oblique singular, f (oblique plural faces, nominative singular face, nominative plural faces)

face oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
faces (oblique plural)
face (nominative singular)
faces (nominative plural)

Middle French: face

French: face

Norman: fache, fach (Sark)

→ Middle English: face (see there for further descendants)

From Late Latin facia, from Latin faciēs (“face, shape”).

Le chief li desarme et la face.

c. 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:

Li rois regarda li deus freres
A cors bien fais, a faces cleres

The king looked at the two brothers
With their well-built bodies and clear faces

Les signes subsequens est face enflée […]

1377, Bernard de Gordon, Fleur de lis de medecine (a.k.a. lilium medicine), page 148 of this essay:

the symptoms are the following: swollen face […]


rein

rein oblique singular, m (oblique plural reinz, nominative singular reinz, nominative plural rein)

rein oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
reinz (oblique plural)
reinz (nominative singular)
rein (nominative plural)

Middle French: rein
French: rein

Norman: rein

Walloon: rino, rno, rin

→ English: rein

First attested in the plural as reins, from Latin rēnes, plural of the almost unused rēn.


temple

temple oblique singular, m (oblique plural temples, nominative singular temples, nominative plural temple)

temple oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
temples (oblique plural)
temples (nominative singular)
temple (nominative plural)

French: tempe

→ Middle English: temple

English: temple

From Vulgar Latin *temp(u)la, from Latin tempora, plural of tempus.


main

main oblique singular, f (oblique plural mainz, nominative singular main, nominative plural mainz)

main oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
mainz (oblique plural)
main (nominative singular)
mainz (nominative plural)

Bourguignon: moin

desctree

Middle French: main
French: main
→? English: main
→⇒ German: Lamäng
Haitian Creole: men
Louisiana Creole: men
⇒ Mauritian Creole: lame

Gallo: maen

Norman: main

Walloon: mwin


chief

fro-noun

chief oblique singular, m (oblique plural chiés, nominative singular chiés, nominative plural chief)

chief oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
chiés (oblique plural)
chiés (nominative singular)
chief (nominative plural)

desctree

Middle French: chief
French: chef (see there for further descendants)

Norman: chef

→ Middle English: chef
English: chief (see there for further descendants)
Scots: chief

→ Old Spanish: xefe

Spanish: jefe, gefe (obsolete), xefe (pre-1815)
→ English: jefe
→ Bikol Central: hepe
→ Cebuano: hepe
→ Tagalog: hepe

→ Asturian: xefe

→ Galician: xefe

→ Portuguese: chefe

First known attestation 881 in The Sequence of Saint Eulalia. From Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput.

cap

Occitanism found in La Vie de Saint Léger, circa 980

Le chief li desarme et la face.


dos

fro-noun

dos oblique singular, m (oblique plural dos, nominative singular dos, nominative plural dos)

dos oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
dos (oblique plural)
dos (nominative singular)
dos (nominative plural)

French: dos

Norman: dos (Jersey)

Walloon: dos

From Vulgar Latin dossum, from Latin dorsum.


dent

dent oblique singular, m (oblique plural denz or dentz, nominative singular denz or dentz, nominative plural dent)

dent oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
denz (oblique plural)
dentz (oblique plural)
denz (nominative singular)
dentz (nominative singular)
dent (nominative plural)

Middle French: dent f
French: dent f

Walloon: dint f


visage

visage oblique singular, m (oblique plural visages, nominative singular visages, nominative plural visage)

visage oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
visages (oblique plural)
visages (nominative singular)
visage (nominative plural)

Bourguignon: vizaige

Champenois: visaige

French: visage

→ Esperanto: vizaĝo

desctree

→ Middle English: visage
English: visage

→ Italian: visaggio

From Vulgar Latin *vīsāticum, derived from Latin vīsus. By surface analysis, vis + -age. Compare Old Occitan vizatge.


col

fro-noun

col oblique singular, m (oblique plural cous or cox or cols, nominative singular cous or cox or cols, nominative plural col)

col oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
cous (oblique plural)
cox (oblique plural)
cols (oblique plural)
cous (nominative singular)
cox (nominative singular)
cols (nominative singular)
col (nominative plural)

Middle French: col
French: cou, col

Norman: co

Walloon: cô

Inherited from Latin collum. Cognate with Old Galician-Portuguese colo and Old Spanish cuello.


char

char oblique singular, f (oblique plural chars, nominative singular char, nominative plural chars)

char oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
chars (oblique plural)
char (nominative singular)
chars (nominative plural)

Middle French: char, chair

French: chair

From earlier charn, carn, from Latin carnem, accusative singular of carō.

Desor l'espaule li fist la char trenchier

12ᵗʰ Century, Unknown, Raoul de Cambrai:

under his shoulder, he cut into his flesh

(anatomy) flesh (tissue from an animal in general)


vis

vis oblique singular, m (oblique plural vis, nominative singular vis, nominative plural vis)

vis oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
vis (oblique plural)
vis (nominative singular)
vis (nominative plural)

French: visage m, avis m


cartilage

cartilage oblique singular, m (oblique plural cartilages, nominative singular cartilages, nominative plural cartilage)

cartilage oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
cartilages (oblique plural)
cartilages (nominative singular)
cartilage (nominative plural)

First known attestation 1377-1377, borrowed from Latin cartilāgō.

corrosion qui est du cartilage qui est entre les trous des nazilles

1377, Bernard de Gordon, Fleur de lis de medecine (a.k.a. lilium medicine):

corrosion which is of the cartilage between the wholes in the nostrils


talon

talon oblique singular, m (oblique plural talons, nominative singular talons, nominative plural talon)

talon oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
talons (oblique plural)
talons (nominative singular)
talon (nominative plural)

French: talon

Norman: talon (Jersey)

→ Middle English: taloun
English: talon

From Vulgar Latin *talonis, from Latin talus.


doi

doi oblique singular, m (oblique plural dois, nominative singular dois, nominative plural doi)

doi oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
dois (oblique plural)
dois (nominative singular)
doi (nominative plural)


coille

coille oblique singular, f (oblique plural coilles, nominative singular coille, nominative plural coilles)

coille oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
coilles (oblique plural)
coille (nominative singular)
coilles (nominative plural)

Middle French: couille
French: couille

Walloon: coye

→ Middle Dutch: cul
Dutch: kul

From Vulgar Latin *cōlea n pl, from Latin cōleus m sg, of Ancient Greek origin.


poitrine

poitrine oblique singular, f (oblique plural poitrines, nominative singular poitrine, nominative plural poitrines)

poitrine oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
poitrines (oblique plural)
poitrine (nominative singular)
poitrines (nominative plural)

French: poitrine

From Vulgar Latin *pectorīna, derived from Latin pectus.

Sor l'escu devant la peitrine


estomac

estomac oblique singular, m (oblique plural estomas, nominative singular estomas, nominative plural estomac)

estomac oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
estomas (oblique plural)
estomas (nominative singular)
estomac (nominative plural)

French: estomac

desctree

→ Middle English: stomak
English: stomach
Scots: stamack


coste

fro-noun

coste oblique singular, f (oblique plural costes, nominative singular coste, nominative plural costes)

coste oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
costes (oblique plural)
coste (nominative singular)
costes (nominative plural)

desctree

Middle French: coste
French: côte
Norman: côte

Walloon: coisse

→ Middle English: coste

English: coast

→ Irish: cósta

→ Middle Dutch: cost

Dutch: kust
Afrikaans: kus

→ Middle Low German: kost

→ Danish: kyst

German: Küste

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kyst

→ Swedish: kust


deit

fro-noun

deit oblique singular, m (oblique plural deiz or deitz, nominative singular deiz or deitz, nominative plural deit)

deit oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
deiz (oblique plural)
deitz (oblique plural)
deiz (nominative singular)
deitz (nominative singular)
deit (nominative plural)


veine

veine oblique singular, f (oblique plural veines, nominative singular veine, nominative plural veines)

veine oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
veines (oblique plural)
veine (nominative singular)
veines (nominative plural)

desctree

Middle French: vene
French: veine
→ Vietnamese: ven

Norman: veine

→ Middle English: veine
English: vein
Scots: van, vane, vain, vaine


cuer

fro-noun

cuer oblique singular, m (oblique plural cuers, nominative singular cuers, nominative plural cuer)

cuer oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
cuers (oblique plural)
cuers (nominative singular)
cuer (nominative plural)

Bourguignon: côr

desctree

Middle French: coeur, cueur, cœur
French: cœur
Antillean Creole: kè
Haitian Creole: kè, kœ
→ Polish: kier

desc

Norman: tchoeu, tchoeur (Guernsey), qùœu (France), kyör (Sark), cœur

Walloon: cour

→ Middle English: core (uncertain; see there for more)

From Vulgar Latin *corem m, from Latin cor n.


pié

fro-noun

pié oblique singular, m (oblique plural piez, nominative singular piez, nominative plural pié)

pié oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
piez (oblique plural)
piez (nominative singular)
pié (nominative plural)

Middle French: pied

French: pied

Walloon: pî


ueil

ueil oblique singular, m (oblique plural ialz, nominative singular ialz, nominative plural ueil)

ueil oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
ialz (oblique plural)
ialz (nominative singular)
ueil (nominative plural)

Bourguignon: euïl

Champenois: euil

Franc-Comtois: ouil

Gallo: oélh

desctree

Middle French: œil, oeil
French: œil
Saint Dominican Creole French: z'yeu
Haitian Creole: je
Haitian Creole: zye

Norman: uû

Picard: euil, ziu

Poitevin-Saintongeais: éll

Walloon: iy, ouy

First known attestation circa 980 as ol. From Vulgar Latin oclus, from Latin oculus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”).


nés

fro-noun

nés oblique singular, m (oblique plural nés, nominative singular nés, nominative plural nés)

nés oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
nés (oblique plural)
nés (nominative singular)
nés (nominative plural)

Middle French: nez

French: nez

Norman: nez

Walloon: nez

Semblant comme së il dormoit,
Qar il ronfloit forment du nés.

He was pretending to sleep,
For he was snoring visibly from the nose.


espalle

espalle oblique singular, f (oblique plural espalles, nominative singular espalle, nominative plural espalles)

espalle oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
espalles (oblique plural)
espalle (nominative singular)
espalles (nominative plural)

Middle French: espaule

French: épaule

Norman: êpaûle (Jersey), épaoule (Guernsey), epol (Sark)

Walloon: spale

From Vulgar Latin *spatla, syncopated form of Late Latin spathula, diminutive of Latin spatha.


prepucion

prepucion oblique singular, f (oblique plural prepucions, nominative singular prepucion, nominative plural prepucions)

prepucion oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
prepucions (oblique plural)
prepucion (nominative singular)
prepucions (nominative plural)


genoil

genoil oblique singular, m (oblique plural genouz or genoilz, nominative singular genouz or genoilz, nominative plural genoil)

genoil oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
genouz (oblique plural)
genoilz (oblique plural)
genouz (nominative singular)
genoilz (nominative singular)
genoil (nominative plural)

Bourguignon: genô

French: genou

Norman:

Guernsey Norman: genouaï

Jersey Norman: g'nou, genou

Sark: jnu

Walloon: djno, djino

From Late Latin genuculum, alteration of Latin geniculum, diminutive of genū (“knee”).


boche

boche oblique singular, f (oblique plural boches, nominative singular boche, nominative plural boches)

boche oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
boches (oblique plural)
boche (nominative singular)
boches (nominative plural)

Middle French: bouche

French: bouche

Norman: bouoche

Walloon: boutche


nonbril

nonbril oblique singular, m (oblique plural nonbriz or nonbrilz, nominative singular nonbriz or nonbrilz, nominative plural nonbril)

nonbril oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
nonbriz (oblique plural)
nonbrilz (oblique plural)
nonbriz (nominative singular)
nonbrilz (nominative singular)
nonbril (nominative plural)

desctree

Middle French: nombril
French: nombril
→ English: nombril

desc

Norman: nombrîn (Jersey), naombrin (Guernsey), nõmbri (Sark), oumbril

From Vulgar Latin *umbilīculus, from Latin umbilīcus. The initial n is probably due to interference from the indefinite article, un onbril → un nonbril.


lacerte

fro-noun

lacerte oblique singular, m (oblique plural lacertes, nominative singular lacertes, nominative plural lacerte)

lacerte oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
lacertes (oblique plural)
lacertes (nominative singular)
lacerte (nominative plural)

Borrowed from Latin lacertus (“lizard”). Compare muscle, and muscule, from the Latin for "small mouse".


muscule

muscule oblique singular, f (oblique plural muscules, nominative singular muscule, nominative plural muscules)

muscule oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
muscules (oblique plural)
muscule (nominative singular)
muscules (nominative plural)

Borrowed from Latin muscule, as if from Latin *mūscula, though the actual nominative plural of mūsculus is mūsculī, not *mūscula.


pulmun

pulmun oblique singular, m (oblique plural pulmuns, nominative singular pulmuns, nominative plural pulmun)

pulmun oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
pulmuns (oblique plural)
pulmuns (nominative singular)
pulmun (nominative plural)

French: poumon


esplen

esplen oblique singular, m (oblique plural esplens, nominative singular esplens, nominative plural esplen)

esplen oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
esplens (oblique plural)
esplens (nominative singular)
esplen (nominative plural)

→ Middle English: splene, splen

English: spleen (see there for further descendants)

From Latin splen, splenem, from Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn).


emonctoire

emonctoire oblique singular, m (oblique plural emonctoires, nominative singular emonctoires, nominative plural emonctoire)

emonctoire oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
emonctoires (oblique plural)
emonctoires (nominative singular)
emonctoire (nominative plural)

(anatomy) emunctory (something which removes waste from the body)


diaframe

diaframe oblique singular, m (oblique plural diaframes, nominative singular diaframes, nominative plural diaframe)

diaframe oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
diaframes (oblique plural)
diaframes (nominative singular)
diaframe (nominative plural)

Borrowed from Latin diaphragma, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek διάφραγμα (diáphragma).


caboce

caboce oblique singular, f (oblique plural caboces, nominative singular caboce, nominative plural caboces)

caboce oblique singular or (canonical feminine)
caboces (oblique plural)
caboce (nominative singular)
caboces (nominative plural)

French: caboche

desctree

→ Middle English: caboche, cabache, caboch, cabage, caboge (via caboche)
English: cabbage
Sranan Tongo: kabisi
→ Abenaki: kabij
→ Swahili: kabichi
→ Yoruba: kábéèjì
Scots: cabbitch
Yola: gaubbach, gubbauch, gubbach

From the pejorative prefix ca- + boce, which is disputed:
* Possibly a formation from Latin caput (“head”), but the medial p would have lenited to v.
* From Vulgar Latin *bottia (“bump”), a Germanic borrowing, from Frankish *boce (“knob”), from Old High German bozzan (“to beat”), from Proto-West Germanic *bautan, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push, strike”)