forgiemeleasnes

forġīemelēasnes (canonical feminine)
forġīemelēasnes (nominative singular)
forġīemelēasnessa (nominative plural)
forġīemelēasnesse (nominative plural)
forġīemelēasnesse (accusative singular)
forġīemelēasnessa (accusative plural)
forġīemelēasnesse (accusative plural)
forġīemelēasnesse (genitive singular)
forġīemelēasnessa (genitive plural)
forġīemelēasnesse (dative singular)
forġīemelēasnessum (dative plural)
forġēmelēasnes (alternative)
forġȳmelēasnes (alternative)
forġīmelēasnes (alternative)


wisnes

wīsnes (canonical feminine)
wīsnessa (nominative plural)
wīsnes (nominative singular)
wīsnessa (nominative plural)
wīsnesse (nominative plural)
wīsnesse (accusative singular)
wīsnessa (accusative plural)
wīsnesse (accusative plural)
wīsnesse (genitive singular)
wīsnessa (genitive plural)
wīsnesse (dative singular)
wīsnessum (dative plural)

Middle English: wisnesse

English: wiseness


spanu

spanu (nominative singular)
spana (nominative plural)
spane (nominative plural)
spane (accusative singular)
spana (accusative plural)
spane (accusative plural)
spane (genitive singular)
spana (genitive plural)
spane (dative singular)
spanum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *spanô, *spenô. See English spean.


wuducoc

wuducoc (nominative singular)
wuducoccas (nominative plural)
wuducoc (accusative singular)
wuducoccas (accusative plural)
wuducocces (genitive singular)
wuducocca (genitive plural)
wuducocce (dative singular)
wuducoccum (dative plural)
wudecocc (alternative)
wuducocc (alternative)

desc

Middle English: wodekok, wode-koc, wodecocke

English: woodcock


wuduþistel

head

wuduþistel m (nominative plural wuduþistlas)

wuduþistlas (nominative plural)
wuduþistel (nominative singular)
wuduþistlas (nominative plural)
wuduþistel (accusative singular)
wuduþistlas (accusative plural)
wuduþistles (genitive singular)
wuduþistla (genitive plural)
wuduþistle (dative singular)
wuduþistlum (dative plural)
wudeðistel (alternative)

Middle English: wodþistel, wodethystyll

English: wood-thistle

From wudu + þistel. Calque of Latin cardus silvāticus.


wunung

wunung (nominative singular)
wununga (nominative plural)
wununge (nominative plural)
wununge (accusative singular)
wununga (accusative plural)
wununge (accusative plural)
wununge (genitive singular)
wununga (genitive plural)
wununge (dative singular)
wunungum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: wununge, wunnunge, wuning, woning, wonyng

English: woning

Scots: wonnyng, wonyng, wonyn

From Proto-West Germanic *wunungu, equivalent to wunian + -ung. Cognate with Old Saxon wonunga, Old High German wonunga (German Wohnung).

early 12th century, Life of St. Neot
Hē him þǣr wununge ġetimbrode on swīðe fæġre stōwe.

He built himself a home there in a very beautiful place.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Memory of the Saints"
and gif we forleosað þas lænan woruld-þingc, þonne sceole we witan þæt ure wunung nis na her ac is on heofonum gif we hopiað to gode.

and if we lose the transitory things of this world, then should we know that our dwelling is not here, but is in heaven, if we hope in God.

residence, home, dwelling; place to stay or live

c. 973, Æthelwold, translation of the Rule of Saint Benedict
Ġif hēo eft on ǣniġne tīman hīe selfe tō mynstres wununge ġefæstnian wile, ne sīe nā hiere ġewilnung onsċunod.

If at any time she wants to re-commit herself to monastic life, her desire should not be shunned.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "The Passion of the Apostles Peter and Paul"
Sē is libbende god þe hæfþ līf and wununge þurh hine selfne.

He is the living god who has life and existence through himself.


readnes

rēadnes (canonical feminine)
rēadnessa (nominative plural)
rēadnes (nominative singular)
rēadnessa (nominative plural)
rēadnesse (nominative plural)
rēadnesse (accusative singular)
rēadnessa (accusative plural)
rēadnesse (accusative plural)
rēadnesse (genitive singular)
rēadnessa (genitive plural)
rēadnesse (dative singular)
rēadnessum (dative plural)
rēadnys (alternative)
rēadnyss (alternative)

Middle English: rednesse, reednes

English: redness


readnys

rēadnys (canonical feminine)
rēadnys (nominative singular)
rēadnyssa (nominative plural)
rēadnysse (nominative plural)
rēadnysse (accusative singular)
rēadnyssa (accusative plural)
rēadnysse (accusative plural)
rēadnysse (genitive singular)
rēadnyssa (genitive plural)
rēadnysse (dative singular)
rēadnyssum (dative plural)


ceorliscnes

head

ċeorlisċnes f (nominative plural ċeorlisċnessa)

ċeorlisċnes (canonical feminine)
ċeorlisċnessa (nominative plural)
ċeorlisċnes (nominative singular)
ċeorlisċnessa (nominative plural)
ċeorlisċnesse (nominative plural)
ċeorlisċnesse (accusative singular)
ċeorlisċnessa (accusative plural)
ċeorlisċnesse (accusative plural)
ċeorlisċnesse (genitive singular)
ċeorlisċnessa (genitive plural)
ċeorlisċnesse (dative singular)
ċeorlisċnessum (dative plural)
ċyrlisċnys (alternative)

churlishness, clownishness, rudeness, vulgarity

churlishness

Middle English: *cherlischnesse, *churlischnesse


rihtnes

rihtnessa (nominative plural)
rihtnes (nominative singular)
rihtnessa (nominative plural)
rihtnesse (nominative plural)
rihtnesse (accusative singular)
rihtnessa (accusative plural)
rihtnesse (accusative plural)
rihtnesse (genitive singular)
rihtnessa (genitive plural)
rihtnesse (dative singular)
rihtnessum (dative plural)
rihtnis (alternative)
rehtnis (alternative)

desc

Middle English: rihtnesse, riȝtnesse, rightnesse

English: rightness

Scots: richtnis

From Proto-West Germanic *rehtanassī, equivalent to riht + -nes.


rudduc

rudduc (nominative singular)
rudducas (nominative plural)
rudduc (accusative singular)
rudducas (accusative plural)
rudduces (genitive singular)
rudduca (genitive plural)
rudduce (dative singular)
rudducum (dative plural)
*ruduc (alternative)

Middle English: ruddok, roddocke

English: ruddock


malscrung

malscrung (nominative singular)
malscrunga (nominative plural)
malscrunge (nominative plural)
malscrunge (accusative singular)
malscrunga (accusative plural)
malscrunge (accusative plural)
malscrunge (genitive singular)
malscrunga (genitive plural)
malscrunge (dative singular)
malscrungum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *malskrungu, equivalent to *malscrian + -ung. Cognate with Old Saxon malskrung (“witchcraft”), Old High German malscrunc (“fascination, empty praise”). More at English masker.


cusceote

cūsċeote (canonical feminine)
cūsċeote (nominative singular)
cūsċeotan (nominative plural)
cūsċeotan (accusative singular)
cūsċeotan (accusative plural)
cūsċeotan (genitive singular)
cūsċeotena (genitive plural)
cūsċeotan (dative singular)
cūsċeotum (dative plural)
cūsċote (alternative)
cūsċute (alternative)

desc

Middle English: cowschote, cowshott, quyshte, quyste

English: cowshot, cushat, quist


cneorim

cnēorīm (canonical neuter)
cnēowrīm (nominative singular)
cnēowrīm (nominative plural)
cnēowrīm (accusative singular)
cnēowrīm (accusative plural)
cnēowrīmes (genitive singular)
cnēowrīma (genitive plural)
cnēowrīme (dative singular)
cnēowrīmum (dative plural)
cnēowrīm (alternative)

the number of (one's) kin; family; progeny


ferþ

Misconstruction of friþ (in historic given names; from the late 9th C.)


ceafor

ċeafor (canonical masculine)
ċeafor (nominative singular)
ċeaforas (nominative plural)
ċeafor (accusative singular)
ċeaforas (accusative plural)
ċeafores (genitive singular)
ċeafora (genitive plural)
ċeafore (dative singular)
ċeaforum (dative plural)
ċeafer (alternative)

Middle English: chafur, chavere

English: chafer

From Proto-West Germanic *kafr, a variant of *kefrō (“beetle”). Cognate with Old High German kefur, kefar (“beetle”) (whence modern German Käfer (“beetle”)).


citten

ċitten (canonical neuter)
*ċytten (alternative)
*ċietten (alternative)

Middle English: chitte

English: chit

Scots: chit

From Proto-West Germanic *kittīn, from Proto-Germanic *kittīną (“young animal, whelp, fawn”). Cognate with Old High German kizzīn, chizzīn (whence German Kitz (“fawn, young deer”)).


leofmann

lēofmann (canonical masculine)
lēofmann (nominative singular)
lēofmenn (nominative plural)
lēofmann (accusative singular)
lēofmenn (accusative plural)
lēofmannes (genitive singular)
lēofmanna (genitive plural)
lēofmenn (dative singular)
lēofmannum (dative plural)

Middle English: leofman, lemman

English: leman


eorþling

eorþling (nominative singular)
eorþlingas (nominative plural)
eorþling (accusative singular)
eorþlingas (accusative plural)
eorþlinges (genitive singular)
eorþlinga (genitive plural)
eorþlinge (dative singular)
eorþlingum (dative plural)


ofergang

head

ofergang m (nominative plural ofergangas)

ofergangas (nominative plural)
ofergang (nominative singular)
ofergangas (nominative plural)
ofergang (accusative singular)
ofergangas (accusative plural)
oferganges (genitive singular)
oferganga (genitive plural)
ofergange (dative singular)
ofergangum (dative plural)

Middle English: *overgang

English: overgang


fnæst

fnǣst (canonical masculine)
fnǣst (nominative singular)
fnǣstas (nominative plural)
fnǣst (accusative singular)
fnǣstas (accusative plural)
fnǣstes (genitive singular)
fnǣsta (genitive plural)
fnǣste (dative singular)
fnǣstum (dative plural)

Middle English: fnast

From Proto-West Germanic *fnāst, from Proto-Germanic *fnēstuz, from Proto-Germanic *fnesaną.


dreorignes

drēoriġnes (canonical feminine)
drēoriġnes (nominative singular)
drēoriġnessa (nominative plural)
drēoriġnesse (nominative plural)
drēoriġnesse (accusative singular)
drēoriġnessa (accusative plural)
drēoriġnesse (accusative plural)
drēoriġnesse (genitive singular)
drēoriġnessa (genitive plural)
drēoriġnesse (dative singular)
drēoriġnessum (dative plural)
drēoriġnys (alternative)
drēorinys (alternative)

Middle English: drerynesse, drerinesse

English: dreariness


daroþ

daroþ (nominative singular)
daroþas (nominative plural)
daroþ (accusative singular)
daroþas (accusative plural)
daroþes (genitive singular)
daroþa (genitive plural)
daroþe (dative singular)
daroþum (dative plural)
daraþ (alternative)
dareþ (alternative)
deareþ (alternative)
deoreþ (alternative)
daroð (alternative)
darað (alternative)
dareð (alternative)
deareð (alternative)
deoreð (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *darōþu. Cognate with Old Norse darraðr.


geamann

Middle English: ȝeman, yeman, yoman

English: yeoman

/ˈjæ͜ɑːˌmɑnn/

[ˈjæ͜ɑːˌmɑn]

From Proto-West Germanic *gauwjamann (“smallholder”).


sceaf

Middle English: scheef

English: sheaf

Scots: schefe, scheif

From Proto-West Germanic *skaub, from Proto-Germanic *skaubaz. Cognate with German Schaub.


horscamb

horscamb (nominative singular)
horscambas (nominative plural)
horscamb (accusative singular)
horscambas (accusative plural)
horscambes (genitive singular)
horscamba (genitive plural)
horscambe (dative singular)
horscambum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: horskambe, horskame, horsecombe, horscomb

English: horse-comb


horsminte

horsminte (nominative singular)
horsmintan (nominative plural)
horsmintan (accusative singular)
horsmintan (accusative plural)
horsmintan (genitive singular)
horsmintena (genitive plural)
horsmintan (dative singular)
horsmintum (dative plural)

Middle English: horsmynte

English: horsemint


swiftnes

head

swiftnes f (nominative plural swiftnessa)

swiftnessa (nominative plural)
swiftnes (nominative singular)
swiftnessa (nominative plural)
swiftnesse (nominative plural)
swiftnesse (accusative singular)
swiftnessa (accusative plural)
swiftnesse (accusative plural)
swiftnesse (genitive singular)
swiftnessa (genitive plural)
swiftnesse (dative singular)
swiftnessum (dative plural)
swiftnys (alternative)

Middle English: swyftnesse, swiftnesse

English: swiftness


swiftnys

swiftnys (nominative singular)
swiftnyssa (nominative plural)
swiftnysse (nominative plural)
swiftnysse (accusative singular)
swiftnyssa (accusative plural)
swiftnysse (accusative plural)
swiftnysse (genitive singular)
swiftnyssa (genitive plural)
swiftnysse (dative singular)
swiftnyssum (dative plural)


cuhyrde

cūhyrde (canonical masculine)
cūhyrde (nominative singular)
cūhyrdas (nominative plural)
cūhyrde (accusative singular)
cūhyrdas (accusative plural)
cūhyrdes (genitive singular)
cūhyrda (genitive plural)
cūhyrde (dative singular)
cūhyrdum (dative plural)


swinhyrde

swīnhyrde (canonical masculine)
swīnhyrde (nominative singular)
swīnhyrdas (nominative plural)
swīnhyrde (accusative singular)
swīnhyrdas (accusative plural)
swīnhyrdes (genitive singular)
swīnhyrda (genitive plural)
swīnhyrde (dative singular)
swīnhyrdum (dative plural)


gathierde

gāthierde (canonical masculine)
gāthierde (nominative singular)
gāthierdas (nominative plural)
gāthierde (accusative singular)
gāthierdas (accusative plural)
gāthierdes (genitive singular)
gāthierda (genitive plural)
gāthierde (dative singular)
gāthierdum (dative plural)
gāthyrde (alternative)
gāthiorde (alternative)

Middle English: goteherd (through the Anglian variant)

English: goatherd


handseax

handseax (nominative singular)
handseax (nominative plural)
handseax (accusative singular)
handseax (accusative plural)
handseaxes (genitive singular)
handseaxa (genitive plural)
handseaxe (dative singular)
handseaxum (dative plural)
handsex (alternative)
handsecs (alternative)

Middle English: hond-sæx

From Proto-West Germanic *handusahs, from Proto-Germanic *handusahsą, equivalent to hand + seax. Cognate with Old Norse handsax (“short sword, dirk”).


hæþendom

hǣþendōm (canonical masculine)
hǣþendōm (nominative singular)
hǣþendōmas (nominative plural)
hǣþendōm (accusative singular)
hǣþendōmas (accusative plural)
hǣþendōmes (genitive singular)
hǣþendōma (genitive plural)
hǣþendōme (dative singular)
hǣþendōmum (dative plural)
hǣðendōm (alternative)

Middle English: hæthendom

English: heathendom

heathendom, paganism, the belief and practices of heathen people


sarnes

sārnes (canonical feminine)
sārnessa (nominative plural)
sārnes (nominative singular)
sārnessa (nominative plural)
sārnesse (nominative plural)
sārnesse (accusative singular)
sārnessa (accusative plural)
sārnesse (accusative plural)
sārnesse (genitive singular)
sārnessa (genitive plural)
sārnesse (dative singular)
sārnessum (dative plural)
sārnys (alternative)
sārnis (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: sornesse, sarenes, soornes, soornesse, sorenes, sornes, sarnesse, sarnysse, særnesse
English: soreness
Scots: sairness

(of the mind) pain, affliction, grief; woe; sorrow


cristendom

cristendōm (canonical masculine)
cristendōm (nominative singular)
cristendōm (accusative singular)
cristendōmes (genitive singular)
cristendōme (dative singular)

Middle English: Cristendom, cristendome

English: Christendom

a time or place where Christianity prevails


godness

gōdness (canonical feminine)
gōdness (nominative singular)
gōdnessa (nominative plural)
gōdnesse (nominative plural)
gōdnesse (accusative singular)
gōdnessa (accusative plural)
gōdnesse (accusative plural)
gōdnesse (genitive singular)
gōdnessa (genitive plural)
gōdnesse (dative singular)
gōdnessum (dative plural)


godhad

godhād (canonical masculine)
godhād (nominative singular)
godhāda (nominative plural)
godhād (accusative singular)
godhāda (accusative plural)
godhāda (genitive singular)
godhāda (genitive plural)
godhāda (dative singular)
godhādum (dative plural)

Middle English:

English: godhood, godhead


scinban

sċinbān (canonical neuter)
sċinbān (nominative singular)
sċinbān (nominative plural)
sċinbān (accusative singular)
sċinbān (accusative plural)
sċinbānes (genitive singular)
sċinbāna (genitive plural)
sċinbāne (dative singular)
sċinbānum (dative plural)

Middle English: schineboon, schinbone

English: shinbone

From Proto-Germanic *skinōbainą, equivalent to sċinu + bān.


lictun

līctūn (canonical masculine)
līctūn (nominative singular)
līctūnas (nominative plural)
līctūn (accusative singular)
līctūnas (accusative plural)
līctūnes (genitive singular)
līctūna (genitive plural)
līctūne (dative singular)
līctūnum (dative plural)

Middle English: litton, lytton, letton

From līċ (“body”) + tūn (“enclosure, yard”). Compare Old High German līhhof (“cemetery”).


miscennung

miscennung (nominative singular)
miscennunga (nominative plural)
miscennunge (nominative plural)
miscennunge (accusative singular)
miscennunga (accusative plural)
miscennunge (accusative plural)
miscennunge (genitive singular)
miscennunga (genitive plural)
miscennunge (dative singular)
miscennungum (dative plural)
miskenninge (alternative)

Middle English: miskenninge

English: miskenning

Either from an unattested *miscennan + -ung or mis- + cennung.

(law) a wrong declaration, a mistake or variation in pleading before a court, or a fine exacted for this mistake


sciphlaford

sċiphlāford (canonical masculine)
sċiphlāford (nominative singular)
sċiphlāfordas (nominative plural)
sċiphlāford (accusative singular)
sċiphlāfordas (accusative plural)
sċiphlāfordes (genitive singular)
sċiphlāforda (genitive plural)
sċiphlāforde (dative singular)
sċiphlāfordum (dative plural)

Middle English: schyplord

English: shiplord


scipwyrhta

head

sċipwyrhta m (nominative plural sċipwyrhtan)

sċipwyrhta (canonical masculine)
sċipwyrhtan (nominative plural)
sċipwyrhta (nominative singular)
sċipwyrhtan (nominative plural)
sċipwyrhtan (accusative singular)
sċipwyrhtan (accusative plural)
sċipwyrhtan (genitive singular)
sċipwyrhtena (genitive plural)
sċipwyrhtan (dative singular)
sċipwyrhtum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: ship-wriȝth, schipwricht, shippwright, shipwright

English: shipwright

From sċip (“ship”) + wyrhta (“worker, builder”).


hornung

From Proto-West Germanic *hurnung, from Proto-Germanic *hurnungaz (“bastard”), cognate with Old High German hornung, Old Norse hornungr, Old Frisian horning, Frankish hōrni(n)g. Found in the compound hornungsunu (“bastard son”), as well as various toponyms such as Horninggesele (Horningsea), Horninggeshǣð (Horningsheath), Horningamǣre, and Horningdūn.


hortan

inflection of horte:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of horte:
nominative/accusative plural


æmethwil

ǣmethwīl (canonical feminine)
ǣmethwīl (nominative singular)
ǣmethwīla (nominative plural)
ǣmethwīle (nominative plural)
ǣmethwīle (accusative singular)
ǣmethwīla (accusative plural)
ǣmethwīle (accusative plural)
ǣmethwīle (genitive singular)
ǣmethwīla (genitive plural)
ǣmethwīle (dative singular)
ǣmethwīlum (dative plural)
āmethwīl (alternative)

From ǣmetta (“leisure”) + hwīl (“time”).


searmonaþ

/ˈsæ͜ɑːrˌmoː.nɑθ/

the sixth month of the year according to the Anglo-Saxon calendar


freht

freht (nominative singular)
freht (nominative plural)
freht (accusative singular)
freht (accusative plural)
frehtes (genitive singular)
frehta (genitive plural)
frehte (dative singular)
frehtum (dative plural)
friht (alternative)
firht (alternative)
fyrht (alternative)
ferht (alternative)

Middle English: frete, freit, freyt

From Proto-Germanic *frihtiz, equivalent to freċġan + -t, a variant of -þ. Cognate with Old Norse frétt.

inquiry, especially one pertaining to future events


wiccedom

wiċċedōm (canonical masculine)
wiċċedōm (nominative singular)
wiċċedōmas (nominative plural)
wiċċedōm (accusative singular)
wiċċedōmas (accusative plural)
wiċċedōmes (genitive singular)
wiċċedōma (genitive plural)
wiċċedōme (dative singular)
wiċċedōmum (dative plural)

Middle English: wicchedome

English: witchdom


wiccung

wiċċung (canonical feminine)
wiċċung (nominative singular)
wiċċunga (nominative plural)
wiċċunge (nominative plural)
wiċċunge (accusative singular)
wiċċunga (accusative plural)
wiċċunge (accusative plural)
wiċċunge (genitive singular)
wiċċunga (genitive plural)
wiċċunge (dative singular)
wiċċungum (dative plural)

Middle English: wicchinge

English: witching


bismer

bismer (nominative singular)
bismer (nominative plural)
bismer (accusative singular)
bismer (accusative plural)
bismeres (genitive singular)
bismera (genitive plural)
bismere (dative singular)
bismerum (dative plural)
bismor (alternative)
bysmer (alternative)
bysmor (alternative)

late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies
Ġenōh lange ic wæs on þām bysmore and on þǣre sceame, þe hȳ mē on ġebrōhton;...

Long enough have I been in the reproach and shame which they brought on me;...


breogo

breogo (nominative singular)
breoga (nominative plural)
breogo (accusative singular)
breoga (accusative plural)
breoga (genitive singular)
breoga (genitive plural)
breoga (dative singular)
breogum (dative plural)


pynca

pyncan (nominative plural)
pynca (nominative singular)
pyncan (nominative plural)
pyncan (accusative singular)
pyncan (accusative plural)
pyncan (genitive singular)
pyncena (genitive plural)
pyncan (dative singular)
pyncum (dative plural)


gerecednes

ġereċednes (canonical feminine)
ġereċednes (nominative singular)
ġereċednessa (nominative plural)
ġereċednesse (nominative plural)
ġereċednesse (accusative singular)
ġereċednessa (accusative plural)
ġereċednesse (accusative plural)
ġereċednesse (genitive singular)
ġereċednessa (genitive plural)
ġereċednesse (dative singular)
ġereċednessum (dative plural)
ġereċedness (alternative)
ġereċednis (alternative)
ġereċċednyss (alternative)


wineard

[ˈwiːnˌæ͜ɑrˠd]


gesceapennes

ġesċeapennes (canonical feminine)
ġesċeapennys (alternative)
ġesċeapenys (alternative)
ġesċeapenis (alternative)
ġesċeapenyss (alternative)


anginn

anġinn (canonical neuter)
anġinn (nominative singular)
anġinn (nominative plural)
anġinnu (nominative plural)
anġinn (accusative singular)
anġinn (accusative plural)
anġinnu (accusative plural)
anġinnes (genitive singular)
anġinna (genitive plural)
anġinne (dative singular)
anġinnum (dative plural)
anġin (alternative)
anġyn (alternative)
onġin (alternative)

Ealra þinga bēoþ þā anġinn lȳtlu.


ecnes

ēcnes (canonical feminine)
ēcnes (nominative singular)
ēcnessa (nominative plural)
ēcnesse (nominative plural)
ēcnesse (accusative singular)
ēcnessa (accusative plural)
ēcnesse (accusative plural)
ēcnesse (genitive singular)
ēcnessa (genitive plural)
ēcnesse (dative singular)
ēcnessum (dative plural)
ēcnis (alternative)
ēcnys (alternative)
ēcness (alternative)
ēcnyss (alternative)


reoht

riht (canonical neuter)
reht (alternative)
riht (alternative)

Wiþerwearde Godes beboda and ðæs gastlican rihtes

opponents of God’s commands and the spiritual law. (Homilies)

a right, a justifiable entitlement to something or to some action

nelle ic ða rincas rihtes benæman ― I will not deprive the men of their due. (Cædmon’s Metrical Paraphrase)


cneoht

cneohtas (nominative plural)
cneoht (nominative singular)
cneohtas (nominative plural)
cneoht (accusative singular)
cneohtas (accusative plural)
cneohtes (genitive singular)
cneohta (genitive plural)
cneohte (dative singular)
cneohtum (dative plural)


hefon

hefon (nominative singular)
hefonas (nominative plural)
hefon (accusative singular)
hefonas (accusative plural)
hefones (genitive singular)
hefona (genitive plural)
hefone (dative singular)
hefonum (dative plural)


mioluc

meoluc (alternative)
milc (alternative)
meolc (alternative)


diofol

dīofol (canonical neuter)
dīofol (nominative singular)
dīoflu (nominative plural)
dīofol (accusative singular)
dīoflu (accusative plural)
dīofles (genitive singular)
dīofla (genitive plural)
dīofle (dative singular)
dīoflum (dative plural)


þrines

þrīnes (nominative singular)
þrīnessa (nominative plural)
þrīnesse (nominative plural)
þrīnesse (accusative singular)
þrīnessa (accusative plural)
þrīnesse (accusative plural)
þrīnesse (genitive singular)
þrīnessa (genitive plural)
þrīnesse (dative singular)
þrīnessum (dative plural)
þrīnness (alternative)
þrīnys (alternative)

desc

Middle English: *Threnesse, Thrumnesse, Thrimnesse

English: threeness, Threeness

From Proto-West Germanic *þrinassī, unless Old High German drinessi is a parallel formation or a calque from the Old English of Anglo-Saxon missionaries. In any case, equivalent to þri- + -nes.


misdæd

misdǣd (canonical feminine)
misdǣd (nominative singular)
misdǣde (nominative plural)
misdǣda (nominative plural)
misdǣd (accusative singular)
misdǣde (accusative singular)
misdǣde (accusative plural)
misdǣda (accusative plural)
misdǣde (genitive singular)
misdǣda (genitive plural)
misdǣde (dative singular)
misdǣdum (dative plural)

Middle English: misdede

Scots: misdede, misdeid

English: misdeed

From Proto-Germanic *missadēdiz, equivalent to mis- + dǣd.


weorold

weorold (nominative singular)
weorolde (nominative plural)
weorolda (nominative plural)
weorold (accusative singular)
weorolde (accusative singular)
weorolde (accusative plural)
weorolda (accusative plural)
weorolde (genitive singular)
weorolda (genitive plural)
weorolde (dative singular)
weoroldum (dative plural)
weorld (alternative)
weoruld (alternative)
woruld (alternative)
worold (alternative)
world (alternative)
wiorld (alternative)
wyrold (alternative)
wuruld (alternative)
wiarald (alternative Kentish)

desctree

Middle English: world
English: world
Scots: warld

From Proto-West Germanic *weraldi, from Proto-Germanic *weraldiz, a compound of *weraz (“man”) + *aldiz (“age”).

Forþon iċ ġeþenċan ne mæġ · ġeond þās woruld
for hwan mōdsefa(n) · mīn(ne) ġesweorce

Thus I cannot think over through this world
why would (not) my heart darken

existence, state of existence (often of mundane or worldly things, as opposed to spiritual)

Þā menn wunodon ealla heora weorolda on synne

Those people lived in sin for their entire lives


anlicnes

anlīcnes (canonical feminine)
anlīcnes (nominative singular)
anlīcnessa (nominative plural)
anlīcnesse (nominative plural)
anlīcnesse (accusative singular)
anlīcnessa (accusative plural)
anlīcnesse (accusative plural)
anlīcnesse (genitive singular)
anlīcnessa (genitive plural)
anlīcnesse (dative singular)
anlīcnessum (dative plural)
onlīcnes (alternative)
andlīcnis (alternative)
anlīcness (alternative)
anlīcnys (alternative)

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Passion of St. Julian and his wife Basilissa"
Gehelp urum godum and hat to þe gefeccan þisne dry Iulianum þe ure goda anlicnysse mid ealle to-brytte...

Help our gods, and command men to bring thee this sorcerer Julianus, who hath utterly broken the images of our gods,...


tacnung

tācnung (canonical feminine)
tācnung (nominative singular)
tācnunga (nominative plural)
tācnunge (nominative plural)
tācnunge (accusative singular)
tācnunga (accusative plural)
tācnunge (accusative plural)
tācnunge (genitive singular)
tācnunga (genitive plural)
tācnunge (dative singular)
tācnungum (dative plural)

Middle English: takning, tokning

English: tokening

Scots: takinning, taknyng, taikening


werc

werc (nominative singular)
werc (nominative plural)
werc (accusative singular)
werc (accusative plural)
werces (genitive singular)
werca (genitive plural)
werce (dative singular)
wercum (dative plural)


næht

næht (nominative singular)
neht (nominative plural)
næht (accusative singular)
neht (accusative plural)
neht (genitive singular)
næhte (genitive singular)
næhta (genitive plural)
neht (dative singular)
næhtum (dative plural)


cælf

cælf (nominative singular)
calfru (nominative plural)
calferu (nominative plural)
cælf (accusative singular)
calfru (accusative plural)
calferu (accusative plural)
calfur (genitive singular)
calfra (genitive plural)
calfur (dative singular)
calfrum (dative plural)

Middle English: calf, kalf

English: calf

Scots: calf, cauf, cawf, caff; calver, care, cair pl


eolh

ēolas (nominative plural)
eolh (nominative singular)
ēolas (nominative plural)
eolh (accusative singular)
ēolas (accusative plural)
ēoles (genitive singular)
ēola (genitive plural)
ēole (dative singular)
ēolum (dative plural)
elch (alternative)
elh (alternative)
eolc (alternative)
eolch (alternative)

Middle English: elk, elke
English: elk
→ German: Elk (obsolete)
→ Korean: 엘크 (elkeu)
→ Malayalam: എൽക്ക് (elkkŭ)
→ Welsh: elc

elk (UK), moose (US) (the largest member of the deer family; Alces alces)


elh

elh (nominative singular)
ēlas (nominative plural)
elh (accusative singular)
ēlas (accusative plural)
ēles (genitive singular)
ēla (genitive plural)
ēle (dative singular)
ēlum (dative plural)


cneht

cneohtas (nominative plural)
cneht (nominative singular)
cnehtas (nominative plural)
cneht (accusative singular)
cnehtas (accusative plural)
cnehtes (genitive singular)
cnehta (genitive plural)
cnehte (dative singular)
cnehtum (dative plural)


getæl

ġetæl (canonical neuter)
ġetæl (nominative singular)
ġetalu (nominative plural)
ġetæl (accusative singular)
ġetalu (accusative plural)
ġetæles (genitive singular)
ġetala (genitive plural)
ġetæle (dative singular)
ġetalum (dative plural)
ġetel (alternative)
ġetal (alternative)
ġeteal (alternative)

desc

Middle English: ȝetæl, ȝetel, itæl, itel

From Proto-Germanic *ga- + *talą, equivalent to ġe- + tæl. Compare Old Saxon gital, Old High German gizal.

c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
Āgene naman habbaþ ānfeald ġetæl and nabbaþ maniġfeald.

Proper names have a singular number and lack a plural.


bierce

bierċe (canonical feminine)
bierċe (nominative singular)
bierċan (nominative plural)
bierċan (accusative singular)
bierċan (accusative plural)
bierċan (genitive singular)
bierċena (genitive plural)
bierċan (dative singular)
bierċum (dative plural)
birċe (alternative)
birċiae (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: birche, byrche, birch, birk, byrke, birke, breche
English: birch
Northumbrian: birk
Scots: birk


birce

birċe (canonical feminine)
birċe (nominative singular)
birċan (nominative plural)
birċan (accusative singular)
birċan (accusative plural)
birċan (genitive singular)
birċena (genitive plural)
birċan (dative singular)
birċum (dative plural)

Middle English: birche

English: birch, birk


incniht

incnihtas (nominative plural)
incniht (nominative singular)
incnihtas (nominative plural)
incniht (accusative singular)
incnihtas (accusative plural)
incnihtes (genitive singular)
incnihta (genitive plural)
incnihte (dative singular)
incnihtum (dative plural)

Middle English: inkniht, inknight

From Proto-Germanic *inknehtaz, equivalent to in- + cniht. Cognate with Old Saxon inkneht (“valet”), Old High German inkneht (“valet”).


holc

holc (nominative singular)
holcas (nominative plural)
holc (accusative singular)
holcas (accusative plural)
holces (genitive singular)
holca (genitive plural)
holce (dative singular)
holcum (dative plural)
holc (nominative singular)
holc (nominative plural)
holc (accusative singular)
holc (accusative plural)
holces (genitive singular)
holca (genitive plural)
holce (dative singular)
holcum (dative plural)
holoc (alternative)

Middle English: holk, holke, hulke

English: holk

From Proto-West Germanic *holhuk, *hulhic, from Proto-Germanic *hulhukaz (“something hollow or hollowed out, cavity”), equivalent to holh + -uc.


sliht

sliht (nominative singular)
slihtas (nominative plural)
sliht (accusative singular)
slihtas (accusative plural)
slihtes (genitive singular)
slihta (genitive plural)
slihte (dative singular)
slihtum (dative plural)
sleaht (alternative)
sleht (alternative)
slieht (alternative)
slyht (alternative)
slīet (alternative)

desc

Middle English: slaht, slæht, slauȝt, slaught, slehte, sleȝte, sleiȝt

English: slaught

From Proto-West Germanic *slahti, *slahtu, from Proto-Germanic *slahtuz.

that which is to be killed; animals for slaughter


apuldor

Middle English: apuldure, appuldure; Apeldore, Apeldor, Apulder

English: Appledore (placename in Kent)

From Proto-Germanic *apuldraz, *apuldrō.

apuldur (alternative)
apulder (alternative)
æppeldor (alternative)
æppelder (alternative)


fuglere

fuglere (nominative singular)
fugleras (nominative plural)
fuglere (accusative singular)
fugleras (accusative plural)
fugleres (genitive singular)
fuglera (genitive plural)
fuglere (dative singular)
fuglerum (dative plural)
fugelere (alternative)

Middle English: fugelere, fuwelare, voȝelere, foulere

English: fowler

Scots: foular, fouler, fouller

From Proto-West Germanic *fuglārī, equivalent to fugol + -ere. Cognate with Middle Low German vōgelære, Old High German fogalāri.


fugelere

fugelere (nominative singular)
fugeleras (nominative plural)
fugelere (accusative singular)
fugeleras (accusative plural)
fugeleres (genitive singular)
fugelera (genitive plural)
fugelere (dative singular)
fugelerum (dative plural)


læcedom

lǣċedōm (canonical masculine)
lǣċedōm (nominative singular)
lǣċedōmas (nominative plural)
lǣċedōm (accusative singular)
lǣċedōmas (accusative plural)
lǣċedōmes (genitive singular)
lǣċedōma (genitive plural)
lǣċedōme (dative singular)
lǣċedōmum (dative plural)
lēċedōm (alternative)

Middle English: lechedom

English: leechdom

From Proto-West Germanic *lākijadōm, equivalent to lǣċe + -dōm. Cognate with Old High German lāhtuom.


fiþele

fiþele (nominative singular)
fiþelan (nominative plural)
fiþelan (accusative singular)
fiþelan (accusative plural)
fiþelan (genitive singular)
fiþelena (genitive plural)
fiþelan (dative singular)
fiþelum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: fithele, fedele, fedle, fethele, ffythil, ffythele, fieþle, fithel, fiþele, fydell, phetele, phethele, viþele
English: fiddle (dialectal feddle)
→ Swahili: fidla
Scots: fiddle
Yola: videl
→ Irish: fidil
→ Scottish Gaelic: fìdheall

From Proto-West Germanic *fiþulā. Cognate with Old High German fidula.


fiþelere

head

fiþelere m (nominative plural fiþeleras)

fiþeleras (nominative plural)
fiþelere (nominative singular)
fiþeleras (nominative plural)
fiþelere (accusative singular)
fiþeleras (accusative plural)
fiþeleres (genitive singular)
fiþelera (genitive plural)
fiþelere (dative singular)
fiþelerum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: fithelere, fedeler, fedelere, feþeler, fidiller, fitheler, fiþeler, fiþelere, fydelare, fydeler, vythulare
English: fiddler
Scots: fiddler
Yola: vidler


weaxcandel

weaxcandel (nominative singular)
weaxcandela (nominative plural)
weaxcandele (nominative plural)
weaxcandele (accusative singular)
weaxcandela (accusative plural)
weaxcandele (accusative plural)
weaxcandele (genitive singular)
weaxcandela (genitive plural)
weaxcandele (dative singular)
weaxcandelum (dative plural)
weaxcondel (alternative)
wæxcondel (alternative)
wexcandel (alternative)
weaxcandell (alternative)

desc

Middle English: wax-candul, waxe candel, wax candill

English: wax-candle


tocyme

tōcyme (canonical masculine)
tōcyme (nominative singular)
tōcymas (nominative plural)
tōcyme (accusative singular)
tōcymas (accusative plural)
tōcymes (genitive singular)
tōcyma (genitive plural)
tōcyme (dative singular)
tōcymum (dative plural)
tōkyme (alternative)

Middle English: tocume

English: tocome, to-come

Scots: tocum, tocome

c. 992, Ælfric, "The First Sunday of the Lord's Advent"
Þēos tīd oþ midne winter is ġecweden Adventus Dominī, þæt is "Dryhtnes tōcyme."

This time until midwinter is called Adventus Domini, that is "the coming of the Lord."


eolet

Either from an unattested *eol + -et (as in thicket), or most likely from a variant of *ēalēt from ēa (“water”) + *lēt from lǣtan (“to let, leave, allow, permit”), compare also wætergelǣt (“water-course, aqueduct”).

, , Beowulf
Ðā wæs sund liden, eoletes æt ende.

Then was the sea traversed, at the water-voyage's end.


hlence

hlenċe (canonical feminine)
hlenċe (nominative singular)
hlenċan (nominative plural)
hlenċan (accusative singular)
hlenċan (accusative plural)
hlenċan (genitive singular)
hlenċena (genitive plural)
hlenċan (dative singular)
hlenċum (dative plural)
hlenċa (alternative)

Middle English: linke, lenke (merged with Old Norse *hlenkr, hlekkr)

English: link (see there for further descendants)

Scots: link

From Proto-West Germanic *hlanki, from Proto-Germanic *hlankiz, from earlier *hlankaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kleng-, *klenk- (“to bend; wind; twist”).


mynecene

inflection of myneċenu:
nominative plural

inflection of myneċenu:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of myneċenu:
genitive/dative singular


Antecrist

Antecrist (nominative singular)
Antecrist (accusative singular)
Antecristes (genitive singular)
Antecriste (dative singular)

desctree

Middle English: Antecrist, Anticrist, auntecrist, onticrist, Anntecrist, antcrist, ancrist, Anntecrist
English: Antichrist
Scots: Antichrist

From Medieval Latin Antichristus, from Ancient Greek Ἀντίχριστος (Antíkhristos).


larspell

lārspell (canonical neuter)
lārspell (nominative singular)
lārspell (nominative plural)
lārspell (accusative singular)
lārspell (accusative plural)
lārspelles (genitive singular)
lārspella (genitive plural)
lārspelle (dative singular)
lārspellum (dative plural)

(Christianity) discourse, sermon, homily, treatise


writere

wrītere (canonical masculine)
wrītere (nominative singular)
wrīteras (nominative plural)
wrītere (accusative singular)
wrīteras (accusative plural)
wrīteres (genitive singular)
wrītera (genitive plural)
wrītere (dative singular)
wrīterum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: writer, writere, wryter, writere, wrytter, wrytere, wrijtere

English: writer

Scots: writer

used in numerous more specific senses, including:


wermod

wermōd (canonical masculine)
wermōd (nominative singular)
wermōdas (nominative plural)
wermōd (accusative singular)
wermōdas (accusative plural)
wermōdes (genitive singular)
wermōda (genitive plural)
wermōde (dative singular)
wermōdum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: wermode, wermot, warmot, weremod, wormode, wormote, wormet, wrmod, wurmode, woormood, wermod, wormod, wyrmwode, wormwode, wormewode, wermwod, wormwod, wurmewod
English: wormwood (< wormwode)
Scots: wormit (< wormet)
→ Irish: mormónta
→ Middle Welsh: wermot
Welsh: wermod

From Proto-West Germanic *warjamōdā (“wormwood”)

der

10th century, Bald's Leechbook, Royal 12 D. xvii, fol. 72 b.
Þā men þū sċealt smerwan mid þȳ ele þe mon wermōd on sēoðe.

You must smear them with the oil that is boiled in wormwood.


yne

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


lynde

lynde (nominative singular)
lyndu (nominative plural)
lynde (accusative singular)
lyndu (accusative plural)
lyndes (genitive singular)
lynda (genitive plural)
lynde (dative singular)
lyndum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *lundī, from Proto-Germanic *lundiją.


lynd

lynd (nominative singular)
lynda (nominative plural)
lynde (nominative plural)
lynde (accusative singular)
lynda (accusative plural)
lynde (accusative plural)
lynde (genitive singular)
lynda (genitive plural)
lynde (dative singular)
lyndum (dative plural)
lind (alternative)
*lend (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *lundiju, from Proto-Germanic *lund(ij)ō.


toln

toln (nominative singular)
tolna (nominative plural)
tolne (nominative plural)
tolne (accusative singular)
tolna (accusative plural)
tolne (accusative plural)
tolne (genitive singular)
tolna (genitive plural)
tolne (dative singular)
tolnum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: toln, tolne
English: tolne (obsolete)
Scots: tolne, tholone, tholonie

From Proto-West Germanic *tolnu, of uncertain origin.


glofa

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of glōf


cirse

ċirse (canonical feminine)
ċirsan (nominative plural)
ċirse (nominative singular)
ċirsan (nominative plural)
ċirsan (accusative singular)
ċirsan (accusative plural)
ċirsan (genitive singular)
ċirsena (genitive plural)
ċirsan (dative singular)
ċirsum (dative plural)
ċyrse (alternative)
ċiris (alternative)
ċyrs (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *kirsijā, a borrowing from Vulgar Latin ceresia.


copor

copor (nominative singular)
coporu (nominative plural)
copor (accusative singular)
coporu (accusative plural)
copores (genitive singular)
copora (genitive plural)
copore (dative singular)
coporum (dative plural)
coper (alternative)

Middle English: coper
English: copper
→ Maori: kapa
→ Shona: kopa
Scots: coper, copper
→ Cornish: kober
→ Irish: copar
→ Manx: cobbyr
→ Scottish Gaelic: copar
→ Welsh: copor

→ Old Norse: koparr

Icelandic: kopar

Faroese: kopar

Norwegian Nynorsk: kopar

Old Danish: kopær

Danish: kobber

Norwegian Bokmål: kobber

Old Swedish: koppar, kopar

Swedish: koppar

→ Finnish: kupari

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *kopr.


tilunge

inflection of tilung:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of tilung:
genitive/dative singular


tilþe

inflection of tilþ:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of tilþ:
genitive/dative singular


orsorgnes

orsorgnes (nominative singular)
orsorgnesse (accusative singular)
orsorgnesse (genitive singular)
orsorgnesse (dative singular)
orsorgness (alternative)

freedom from care or anxiety, tranquility


orsorgness

orsorgness (nominative singular)
orsorgnessa (nominative plural)
orsorgnesse (nominative plural)
orsorgnesse (accusative singular)
orsorgnessa (accusative plural)
orsorgnesse (accusative plural)
orsorgnesse (genitive singular)
orsorgnessa (genitive plural)
orsorgnesse (dative singular)
orsorgnessum (dative plural)


sælþ

sǣlþ (canonical feminine)
sǣlþ (nominative singular)
sǣlþa (nominative plural)
sǣlþe (nominative plural)
sǣlþe (accusative singular)
sǣlþa (accusative plural)
sǣlþe (accusative plural)
sǣlþe (genitive singular)
sǣlþa (genitive plural)
sǣlþe (dative singular)
sǣlþum (dative plural)

Middle English: selþe, selthe

From Proto-Germanic *sēliþō, equivalent to sǣl + -þ. Cognate with Old Saxon sālitha, sāltha, Old Dutch sālda, Old High German sālida, Old Norse sæld.


nosþyrel

nosþyrlu (nominative plural)
nosþyrel (nominative singular)
nosþyrlu (nominative plural)
nosþyrel (accusative singular)
nosþyrlu (accusative plural)
nosþyrles (genitive singular)
nosþyrla (genitive plural)
nosþyrle (dative singular)
nosþyrlum (dative plural)
næsþyrel (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: nostrille, nostrelle
English: nostril

Middle English: nosethirl, nosethrille, nosethurl, nosethrul, nosetherel, nosethrel, nosethorl, nosederl, nosetrel, nosesterl
English: nosethirl (archaic)

From nosu (“nose”) + þyrel (“hole”). Cognate with Old Frisian nosterle (“nostril”).
Compare also Middle Low German noster, nüster (whence German Nüster), which is usually regarded as a different construct, however.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Preface to Genesis"
God ġesċōp ūs twā ēagan and twā ēaran, twā nosþirlu and twēġen weoloras, twā handa and twēġen fēt.

God gave us two eyes and two ears, two nostrils and two lips, two hands and two feet.

Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
Moyses, ðurh Godes mihte, āwende eal heora wæter tō rēadum blōde, and hē āfylde eal heora land mid froggon, and siððan mid gnættum, eft mid hundes lūsum, ðā flugon into heora mūðe and heora næsðyrlum; and sē Ælmihtiġa ðone mōdiġan cyning mid þām eaðelicum ġesċeaftum swā gėswencte...

Moses, through the power of God, turned all their water into red blood, and filled all of their land with frogs, and then with gnats, and afterwards with dogflies, which flew into their mouths and their nostrils; the Almighty punished their proud king in that way with every kind of creature...


hoppestre

head

hoppestre f (nominative plural hoppestran)

hoppestran (nominative plural)
hoppestre (nominative singular)
hoppestran (nominative plural)
hoppestran (accusative singular)
hoppestran (accusative plural)
hoppestran (genitive singular)
hoppestrena (genitive plural)
hoppestran (dative singular)
hoppestrum (dative plural)

Middle English: hoppestre

English: hopster


deopnesse

inflection of dēopnes:
nominative plural

inflection of dēopnes:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of dēopnes:
genitive/dative singular


nefe

nefe (nominative singular)
nefan (nominative plural)
nefan (accusative singular)
nefan (accusative plural)
nefan (genitive singular)
nefena (genitive plural)
nefan (dative singular)
nefum (dative plural)


rawe

inflection of rāw:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of rāw:
genitive/dative singular


forelocc

forelocc (nominative singular)
foreloccas (nominative plural)
forelocc (accusative singular)
foreloccas (accusative plural)
forelocces (genitive singular)
forelocca (genitive plural)
forelocce (dative singular)
foreloccum (dative plural)

Middle English: *forelok, *forelock

English: forelock

a forelock; lock of hair that covers the forehead


heahencgel

hēahenċġel m (nominative plural hēahenċġlas)

hēahenċġel (canonical masculine)
hēahenċġlas (nominative plural)


trendel

trendel (nominative singular)
trendlas (nominative plural)
trendel (accusative singular)
trendlas (accusative plural)
trendles (genitive singular)
trendla (genitive plural)
trendle (dative singular)
trendlum (dative plural)
trændel (alternative)
tryndel (alternative)

Middle English: trendel, trindel

English: trendle, trindle, trundle

Scots: trinnell

From Proto-West Germanic *trandil, from Proto-Germanic *trandilaz, equivalent to trendan + -el.


andweardnes

andweardnes (nominative singular)
andweardnessa (nominative plural)
andweardnesse (nominative plural)
andweardnesse (accusative singular)
andweardnessa (accusative plural)
andweardnesse (accusative plural)
andweardnesse (genitive singular)
andweardnessa (genitive plural)
andweardnesse (dative singular)
andweardnessum (dative plural)


toweardnes

tōweardnes (canonical feminine)
tōweardnes (nominative singular)
tōweardnessa (nominative plural)
tōweardnesse (nominative plural)
tōweardnesse (accusative singular)
tōweardnessa (accusative plural)
tōweardnesse (accusative plural)
tōweardnesse (genitive singular)
tōweardnessa (genitive plural)
tōweardnesse (dative singular)
tōweardnessum (dative plural)


æfweardnes

æfweardnes (nominative singular)
æfweardnessa (nominative plural)
æfweardnesse (nominative plural)
æfweardnesse (accusative singular)
æfweardnessa (accusative plural)
æfweardnesse (accusative plural)
æfweardnesse (genitive singular)
æfweardnessa (genitive plural)
æfweardnesse (dative singular)
æfweardnessum (dative plural)


efenlicnes

efenlīcnes (canonical feminine)
efenlīcnes (nominative singular)
efenlīcnessa (nominative plural)
efenlīcnesse (nominative plural)
efenlīcnesse (accusative singular)
efenlīcnessa (accusative plural)
efenlīcnesse (accusative plural)
efenlīcnesse (genitive singular)
efenlīcnessa (genitive plural)
efenlīcnesse (dative singular)
efenlīcnessum (dative plural)


gelica

ġelīca (canonical masculine)
ġelīca (nominative singular)
ġelīcan (nominative plural)
ġelīcan (accusative singular)
ġelīcan (accusative plural)
ġelīcan (genitive singular)
ġelīcena (genitive plural)
ġelīcan (dative singular)
ġelīcum (dative plural)

Middle English: yliche

From Proto-West Germanic *galīkō, from *galīk (“alike, similar”) + *-ō. Equivalent to ġelīċ + -a.

10th century, Ælfric, "On the Greater Litany"
Sē rīċa besihþ on his pællenum ġierelum and cwiþ, "Nis sē loddere mid his tættecum mīn ġelīca."

The rich man admires his expensive clothes and says, "That begger in his rags isn't my equal."


tæcing

tǣċing (canonical feminine)
tǣċing (nominative singular)
tǣċinga (nominative plural)
tǣċinge (nominative plural)
tǣċinge (accusative singular)
tǣċinga (accusative plural)
tǣċinge (accusative plural)
tǣċinge (genitive singular)
tǣċinga (genitive plural)
tǣċinge (dative singular)
tǣċingum (dative plural)
tǣċung (alternative)

Middle English: teching, techinge

English: teaching

Scots: teching, teiching

[ˈtæː.t͡ʃiŋɡ]

the pointing out of a course to be followed; direction; teaching


tæcung

tǣċung (canonical feminine)
tǣċung (nominative singular)
tǣċunga (nominative plural)
tǣċunge (nominative plural)
tǣċunge (accusative singular)
tǣċunga (accusative plural)
tǣċunge (accusative plural)
tǣċunge (genitive singular)
tǣċunga (genitive plural)
tǣċunge (dative singular)
tǣċungum (dative plural)

[ˈtæː.t͡ʃuŋɡ]


licettung

līċettung (canonical feminine)
līċettung (nominative singular)
līċettunga (nominative plural)
līċettunge (nominative plural)
līċettunge (accusative singular)
līċettunga (accusative plural)
līċettunge (accusative plural)
līċettunge (genitive singular)
līċettunga (genitive plural)
līċettunge (dative singular)
līċettungum (dative plural)
līċċetung (alternative)


licettere

līċettere (canonical masculine)
līċettere (nominative singular)
līċetteras (nominative plural)
līċettere (accusative singular)
līċetteras (accusative plural)
līċetteres (genitive singular)
līċettera (genitive plural)
līċettere (dative singular)
līċetterum (dative plural)
līċċetere (alternative)


sinewealtnes

sinewealtnes (nominative singular)
sinewealtnessa (nominative plural)
sinewealtnesse (nominative plural)
sinewealtnesse (accusative singular)
sinewealtnessa (accusative plural)
sinewealtnesse (accusative plural)
sinewealtnesse (genitive singular)
sinewealtnessa (genitive plural)
sinewealtnesse (dative singular)
sinewealtnessum (dative plural)


swiera

swīera (canonical masculine)
swīera (nominative singular)
swīeran (nominative plural)
swīeran (accusative singular)
swīeran (accusative plural)
swīeran (genitive singular)
swīerena (genitive plural)
swīeran (dative singular)
swīerum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *swirhijô. Cognate with Old Norse svíri (Icelandic svíri).


asprungennes

āsprungennes (canonical feminine)
āsprungennes (nominative singular)
āsprungennessa (nominative plural)
āsprungennesse (nominative plural)
āsprungennesse (accusative singular)
āsprungennessa (accusative plural)
āsprungennesse (accusative plural)
āsprungennesse (genitive singular)
āsprungennessa (genitive plural)
āsprungennesse (dative singular)
āsprungennessum (dative plural)
āsprungennys (alternative)
āsprungynnes (alternative)
āsprungnis (alternative)

Aristotelēs cwæþ on Be Heofonum þæt þǣre Eorðan sċadu wǣre sinewealt on mōnan āsprungennesse.

Aristotle said in On the Heavens that the Earth's shadow was round during a lunar eclipse.


sunnan asprungennes

sunnan āsprungennes (canonical feminine)
sunnan āsprungennes (nominative singular)
sunnan āsprungennessa (nominative plural)
sunnan āsprungennesse (nominative plural)
sunnan āsprungennesse (accusative singular)
sunnan āsprungennessa (accusative plural)
sunnan āsprungennesse (accusative plural)
sunnan āsprungennesse (genitive singular)
sunnan āsprungennessa (genitive plural)
sunnan āsprungennesse (dative singular)
sunnan āsprungennessum (dative plural)

From sunnan (genitive of sunne) + āsprungennes ("eclipse").


monan asprungennes

mōnan āsprungennes (canonical feminine)
mōnan āsprungennes (nominative singular)
mōnan āsprungennessa (nominative plural)
mōnan āsprungennesse (nominative plural)
mōnan āsprungennesse (accusative singular)
mōnan āsprungennessa (accusative plural)
mōnan āsprungennesse (accusative plural)
mōnan āsprungennesse (genitive singular)
mōnan āsprungennessa (genitive plural)
mōnan āsprungennesse (dative singular)
mōnan āsprungennessum (dative plural)

From mōnan (genitive of mōna) + āsprungennes ("eclipse").


spiht

spiht (nominative singular)
spihtas (nominative plural)
spiht (accusative singular)
spihtas (accusative plural)
spihtes (genitive singular)
spihta (genitive plural)
spihte (dative singular)
spihtum (dative plural)
*speoht (alternative)

Middle English: speght (late)

English: speight, specht, spekt, spight

Middle Scots: specht

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *spiht, *speht, from Proto-Germanic *spihtaz, *spehtaz.


þrostle

þrostle (nominative singular)
þrostlan (nominative plural)
þrostlan (accusative singular)
þrostlan (accusative plural)
þrostlan (genitive singular)
þrostlena (genitive plural)
þrostlan (dative singular)
þrostlum (dative plural)
þrosle (alternative)
þrysċele (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: throstel, throstle, thrustel, threstel, thristel, throsle
English: throstle
Yola: drostal


ened

ened (nominative singular)
enede (nominative plural)
eneda (nominative plural)
ened (accusative singular)
enede (accusative singular)
enede (accusative plural)
eneda (accusative plural)
enede (genitive singular)
eneda (genitive plural)
enede (dative singular)
enedum (dative plural)
enid (alternative)
æned (alternative)
ænid (alternative)

Middle English: ende, enede, hende, henede, heynd
Scots: ennet, annet, annot
English: ende, annet, annot

From Proto-West Germanic *anad, from Proto-Germanic *anadz.

duck (aquatic bird of the family Anatidae)


scealfor

sċealfor (canonical feminine)
sċealfor (nominative singular)
sċealfra (nominative plural)
sċealfre (nominative plural)
sċealfre (accusative singular)
sċealfra (accusative plural)
sċealfre (accusative plural)
sċealfre (genitive singular)
sċealfra (genitive plural)
sċealfre (dative singular)
sċealfrum (dative plural)
sċealfr (alternative)
sċealfra (alternative)
sċalfr (alternative)
sċalfur (alternative)

[ˈʃæ͜ɑɫ.vor]


spearwa

spearwa (nominative singular)
spearwan (nominative plural)
spearwan (accusative singular)
spearwan (accusative plural)
spearwan (genitive singular)
spearwena (genitive plural)
spearwan (dative singular)
spearwum (dative plural)

Middle English: sparwe, sparowe, sparewe, speruwe, sparu, sparow, sparue, sparw, sparou, sparrou
English: sparrow
→ Manx: sparroo
Scots: sparrowe, sparow
Yola: sparrowe

The Old English Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew
Hēo ġeseah spearwan nest on ānum lāwertreowe.

She saw a sparrow's nest in a laurel tree.


ganra

ganra (nominative singular)
ganran (nominative plural)
ganran (accusative singular)
ganran (accusative plural)
ganran (genitive singular)
ganrena (genitive plural)
ganran (dative singular)
ganrum (dative plural)

Middle English: gandre, gandere, gandir, gandur, gandyr, ganer, gonder
English: gander
Scots: ganare, ganer, ganner
Yola: gandelt, gandet (preterite)

→ Old Irish: ganndal

Irish: gandal

From Proto-West Germanic *ganʀō, from Proto-Germanic *ganzô (“gander”).


erschenn

ersċhenn (canonical feminine)
ersċhenn (nominative singular)
ersċhenna (nominative plural)
ersċhenne (nominative plural)
ersċhenne (accusative singular)
ersċhenna (accusative plural)
ersċhenne (accusative plural)
ersċhenne (genitive singular)
ersċhenna (genitive plural)
ersċhenne (dative singular)
ersċhennum (dative plural)
ersċhen (alternative)
ersċhæn (alternative)


edischenn

edisċhenn (canonical feminine)
edisċhenn (nominative singular)
edisċhenna (nominative plural)
edisċhenne (nominative plural)
edisċhenne (accusative singular)
edisċhenna (accusative plural)
edisċhenne (accusative plural)
edisċhenne (genitive singular)
edisċhenna (genitive plural)
edisċhenne (dative singular)
edisċhennum (dative plural)
edisċhen (alternative)
edesċhen (alternative)


hroc

hrōc (canonical masculine)
hrōc (nominative singular)
hrōcas (nominative plural)
hrōc (accusative singular)
hrōcas (accusative plural)
hrōces (genitive singular)
hrōca (genitive plural)
hrōce (dative singular)
hrōcum (dative plural)

Middle English: roc, roke, rook

Scots: ruke, ruik

English: rook

From Proto-West Germanic *hrōk (“rook”).


lawerce

lāwerce (canonical feminine)
lāwerce (nominative singular)
lāwercan (nominative plural)
lāwercan (accusative singular)
lāwercan (accusative plural)
lāwercan (genitive singular)
lāwercena (genitive plural)
lāwercan (dative singular)
lāwercum (dative plural)
lǣwerce (alternative)
lāwriċe (alternative)
lāferċe (alternative)

Middle English: larke, laverche, laveroc, laverke, laverock, leverock, lerke, livroche, laverok
English: lark, laverock, lavrock
Scots: lark, lork, laveirk, laverok
Yola: lereke, lerock

From Proto-Germanic *laiwarikǭ (“lark”).


wrenna

wrenna (nominative singular)
wrennan (nominative plural)
wrennan (accusative singular)
wrennan (accusative plural)
wrennan (genitive singular)
wrennena (genitive plural)
wrennan (dative singular)
wrennum (dative plural)

Middle English: wrenne, wranne

English: wren

Scots: wran


dumbnes

dumbnes (nominative singular)
dumbnessa (nominative plural)
dumbnesse (nominative plural)
dumbnesse (accusative singular)
dumbnessa (accusative plural)
dumbnesse (accusative plural)
dumbnesse (genitive singular)
dumbnessa (genitive plural)
dumbnesse (dative singular)
dumbnessum (dative plural)


agenspræc

āgensprǣċ (canonical feminine)
āgensprǣċ (nominative singular)
āgensprǣċa (nominative plural)
āgensprǣċe (nominative plural)
āgensprǣċe (accusative singular)
āgensprǣċa (accusative plural)
āgensprǣċe (accusative plural)
āgensprǣċe (genitive singular)
āgensprǣċa (genitive plural)
āgensprǣċe (dative singular)
āgensprǣċum (dative plural)

/ˈɑː.ɡenˌspræːt͡ʃ/

[ˈɑː.ɣenˌspræːt͡ʃ]

From āgen (“peculiar”) + sprǣċ (“language”).


gecyndespræc

ġecyndesprǣċ (canonical feminine)
ġecyndesprǣċ (nominative singular)
ġecyndesprǣċa (nominative plural)
ġecyndesprǣċe (nominative plural)
ġecyndesprǣċe (accusative singular)
ġecyndesprǣċa (accusative plural)
ġecyndesprǣċe (accusative plural)
ġecyndesprǣċe (genitive singular)
ġecyndesprǣċa (genitive plural)
ġecyndesprǣċe (dative singular)
ġecyndesprǣċum (dative plural)

From ġecynde (“natural”) + sprǣċ (“language”).


struta

strūta (canonical masculine)
strūta (nominative singular)
strūtan (nominative plural)
strūtan (accusative singular)
strūtan (accusative plural)
strūtan (genitive singular)
strūtena (genitive plural)
strūtan (dative singular)
strūtum (dative plural)
strȳta (alternative)

Ultimately from Latin strūthiō (“ostrich”).


worhana

worhana (nominative singular)
worhanan (nominative plural)
worhanan (accusative singular)
worhanan (accusative plural)
worhanan (genitive singular)
worhanena (genitive plural)
worhanan (dative singular)
worhanum (dative plural)
uuorhana (alternative)
worhona (alternative)
morhana (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *worʀahanō, from Proto-West Germanic *worʀō ~ *ūrzini, from Proto-Germanic *wurzô ~ *ūrziniz (“grouse”), + Proto-West Germanic *hanō (“cock, rooster”), from Proto-Germanic *hanô (“cock, rooster”).


ganot

ganot (nominative singular)
ganotas (nominative plural)
ganot (accusative singular)
ganotas (accusative plural)
ganotes (genitive singular)
ganota (genitive plural)
ganote (dative singular)
ganotum (dative plural)
ganet (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: ganet, ganat, gante
English: gannet
Yola: gannt

From Proto-West Germanic *ganut, related to Proto-Germanic *ganzô (“gander”), see also Dutch gent (“gander”).

waterfowl, especially a fen-duck or swan


raredumle

rāredumle (canonical feminine)
rāredumle (nominative singular)
rāredumlan (nominative plural)
rāredumlan (accusative singular)
rāredumlan (accusative plural)
rāredumlan (genitive singular)
rāredumlena (genitive plural)
rāredumlan (dative singular)
rāredumlum (dative plural)
rāredumlæ (alternative)


gemænelic nama

ġemǣnelīċ nama (canonical masculine)
ġemǣnelīċ nama (nominative singular)
ġemǣnelīċ naman (nominative plural)
ġemǣnelīċ naman (accusative singular)
ġemǣnelīċ naman (accusative plural)
ġemǣnelīċ naman (genitive singular)
ġemǣnelīċ namena (genitive plural)
ġemǣnelīċ naman (dative singular)
ġemǣnelīċ namum (dative plural)


ryne

ryne (nominative singular)
rynas (nominative plural)
ryne (accusative singular)
rynas (accusative plural)
rynes (genitive singular)
ryna (genitive plural)
ryne (dative singular)
rynum (dative plural)

Middle English: rüne, rine, rene

English: rine

Scots: rin, run

tīde ryne

līfes ryne

late 10th century, Ælfric, On the Seasons of the Year
Þǣre sunnan ryne is swīðe rūm, and þæs mōnan ryne is swīðe nearu.

The sun's orbit is very wide, and the moon's orbit is very narrow.

Joshua 3:13

course, path along which motion takes place


hnol

hnol (nominative singular)
hnollas (nominative plural)
hnol (accusative singular)
hnollas (accusative plural)
hnolles (genitive singular)
hnolla (genitive plural)
hnolle (dative singular)
hnollum (dative plural)


mearg

mearg (nominative singular)
mearg (nominative plural)
mearg (accusative singular)
mearg (accusative plural)
mearges (genitive singular)
mearga (genitive plural)
mearge (dative singular)
meargum (dative plural)
mearh (alternative)
meargh (alternative)
mærh (alternative)
mærc (alternative)
merg (alternative)

Middle English: marow, margh, marghe, marȝ, marie, mariȝ, maroghe, marouȝ, marowe, marowȝ, marw, marwa, marwe, marwhe, mary, marye, merghe, merȝw, merowe, merwȝ, mearh, meari
English: marrow
Scots: merch, mery, mairch
Yola: marrough

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *maʀg, from Proto-Germanic *mazgą, *mazgaz, from Proto-Indo-European *mosgʰós.


mearg

mearg (nominative singular)
mēaras (nominative plural)
mearg (accusative singular)
mēaras (accusative plural)
mēares (genitive singular)
mēara (genitive plural)
mēare (dative singular)
mēarum (dative plural)


rysel

rysel (nominative singular)
ryselas (nominative plural)
rysel (accusative singular)
ryselas (accusative plural)
ryseles (genitive singular)
rysela (genitive plural)
rysele (dative singular)
ryselum (dative plural)


sculdra

sċuldra (canonical masculine)
sċuldra (nominative singular)
sċuldran (nominative plural)
sċuldran (accusative singular)
sċuldran (accusative plural)
sċuldran (genitive singular)
sċuldrena (genitive plural)
sċuldran (dative singular)
sċuldrum (dative plural)
sċuldor (alternative)
sċuldru (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: schuldre, scholder, scholdour, scholdur, schoulder, schulder, schuldir, schuldyr, sculdre, sholder, sholdir, sholdre, shulder, shuldur, ssoldre, ssuldre
English: shoulder, shouder (dialectal)
Middle Scots: schulder, schoulder, schouldir, schuder
Scots: shouder, shooder, shouther, shoother, shidder
Yola: shuller


wamb

wamb (nominative singular)
wamba (nominative plural)
wambe (nominative plural)
wambe (accusative singular)
wamba (accusative plural)
wambe (accusative plural)
wambe (genitive singular)
wamba (genitive plural)
wambe (dative singular)
wambum (dative plural)
womb (alternative)

Middle English: wombe, wambe, womb, wame, woombe, wome, uombe, wompe, wamb
English: womb
Geordie English: wyem
Scots: wame, wam


middelfinger

middelfinger (nominative singular)
middelfingras (nominative plural)
middelfinger (accusative singular)
middelfingras (accusative plural)
middelfingres (genitive singular)
middelfingra (genitive plural)
middelfingre (dative singular)
middelfingrum (dative plural)

From middel (“middle”) + finger (“finger”).


hringfinger

hringfinger (nominative singular)
hringfingras (nominative plural)
hringfinger (accusative singular)
hringfingras (accusative plural)
hringfingres (genitive singular)
hringfingra (genitive plural)
hringfingre (dative singular)
hringfingrum (dative plural)

From hring (“ring”) + finger (“finger”).


lytel finger

From lȳtel (“little”) + finger (“finger”).


handbred

handbred (nominative singular)
handbredu (nominative plural)
handbred (accusative singular)
handbredu (accusative plural)
handbredes (genitive singular)
handbreda (genitive plural)
handbrede (dative singular)
handbredum (dative plural)

From hand (“hand”) + bred (“board, surface”).


ribb

ribb (nominative singular)
ribb (nominative plural)
ribb (accusative singular)
ribb (accusative plural)
ribbes (genitive singular)
ribba (genitive plural)
ribbe (dative singular)
ribbum (dative plural)

Middle English: ribbe, rib, ribe
English: rib
Scots: rib
Yola: rub

From Proto-West Germanic *ribb, from Proto-Germanic *ribją.

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
...for þon hit is nǣdrena ġecynd þæt heora mǣġen ⁊ hiera fēþe bið on heora ribbum swā ōþerra crēopendra wyrma bið on heora fōtum.

...for it is the class of snakes whose movement is on their ribs, just as the motion of other creeping reptiles is with their feet.


mynster

mynster (nominative singular)
mynster (nominative plural)
mynster (accusative singular)
mynster (accusative plural)
mynstres (genitive singular)
mynstra (genitive plural)
mynstre (dative singular)
mynstrum (dative plural)
mynster (nominative singular)
mynstru (nominative plural)
mynster (accusative singular)
mynstru (accusative plural)
mynstres (genitive singular)
mynstra (genitive plural)
mynstre (dative singular)
mynstrum (dative plural)

Middle English: menstre
English: minster

From Latin monastērium, from Ancient Greek μοναστήριον (monastḗrion).

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Maur, Abbot"
...and hēt hine warnian, ġif he wolde libban, þæt hē nǣre on ðām mynstre nǣfre eft ġesewen...

...and gave orders to warn him, if he wished to live, that he should never be seen in the monastery again...

monastery, nunnery, mother church, cathedral


spearlira

spearlira (nominative singular)
spearliran (nominative plural)
spearliran (accusative singular)
spearliran (accusative plural)
spearliran (genitive singular)
spearlirena (genitive plural)
spearliran (dative singular)
spearlirum (dative plural)

Perhaps from spearwa (“sparrow”) + lira (“the fleshy parts of the body”). Compare Old English mūs (“mouse, muscle”) and Latin mūsculus (“small mouse, muscle”) for similar animal-anatomy comparisons.


ancleow

anclēow (canonical masculine)
anclēow (nominative singular)
anclēowas (nominative plural)
anclēow (accusative singular)
anclēowas (accusative plural)
anclēowes (genitive singular)
anclēowa (genitive plural)
anclēowe (dative singular)
anclēowum (dative plural)
anclēo (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: ancle, anclee, anclowe, ancyl, ankel, ankill, ankyll, oncleou
English: ankle (dialectal ancley, anclef, ancliff; obsolete ancle)
Scots: ankleth, anklet (fusion of Middle English ancle and lith); hankle

From *ancol (from Proto-Germanic *ankulaz) suffixed with an unknown element.


fotwielm

fōtwielm (canonical masculine)
fōtwielm (nominative singular)
fōtwielmas (nominative plural)
fōtwielm (accusative singular)
fōtwielmas (accusative plural)
fōtwielmes (genitive singular)
fōtwielma (genitive plural)
fōtwielme (dative singular)
fōtwielmum (dative plural)
fōtwylm (alternative)
fōtwelm (alternative)
fōtwolma (alternative)


clawu

clawu (nominative singular)
clawa (nominative plural)
clawe (nominative plural)
clawe (accusative singular)
clawa (accusative plural)
clawe (accusative plural)
clawe (genitive singular)
clawa (genitive plural)
clawe (dative singular)
clawum (dative plural)

Middle English: clawe, claw

Scots: claw, clau

English: claw

From Proto-West Germanic *klawu, from Proto-Germanic *klawō.


gristel

gristel (nominative singular)
gristlas (nominative plural)
gristel (accusative singular)
gristlas (accusative plural)
gristles (genitive singular)
gristla (genitive plural)
gristle (dative singular)
gristlum (dative plural)

Middle English: gristel, gristyl

English: gristle

From Proto-West Germanic *gristil. Perhaps equivalent to grist (“grinding”) + -el.


heafodpanne

hēafodpanne (canonical feminine)
hēafodpanne (nominative singular)
hēafodpannan (nominative plural)
hēafodpannan (accusative singular)
hēafodpannan (accusative plural)
hēafodpannan (genitive singular)
hēafodpannena (genitive plural)
hēafodpannan (dative singular)
hēafodpannum (dative plural)

English: headpan


þunwange

þunwange (nominative singular)
þunwangan (nominative plural)
þunwange (accusative singular)
þunwangan (accusative plural)
þunwangan (genitive singular)
þunwangena (genitive plural)
þunwangan (dative singular)
þunwangum (dative plural)
þunwang (alternative)
þunwenge (alternative)

Cognate with Old High German dunwengi, Old Norse þunnvangi.


oferbru

oferbrū (canonical feminine)
oferbrū (nominative singular)
oferbrūwa (nominative plural)
oferbrūwe (nominative plural)
oferbrūwe (accusative singular)
oferbrūwa (accusative plural)
oferbrūwe (accusative plural)
oferbrūwe (genitive singular)
oferbrūwa (genitive plural)
oferbrūwe (dative singular)
oferbrūwum (dative plural)


earlæppa

ēarlæppa (canonical masculine)
ēarlæppa (nominative singular)
ēarlæppan (nominative plural)
ēarlæppan (accusative singular)
ēarlæppan (accusative plural)
ēarlæppan (genitive singular)
ēarlæppena (genitive plural)
ēarlæppan (dative singular)
ēarlæppum (dative plural)

English: earlap

/ˈæ͜ɑːrˌlæp.pɑ/

From ēare (“ear”) + læppa (“lobe”). Compare German Ohrläppchen (“earlobe”).


læppa

læppa (nominative singular)
læppan (nominative plural)
læppan (accusative singular)
læppan (accusative plural)
læppan (genitive singular)
læppena (genitive plural)
læppan (dative singular)
læppum (dative plural)
lappa (alternative)

Middle English: lappe

English: lap

Scots: lap

From Proto-West Germanic *lappō, *lappā, from Proto-Germanic *lappaz (“cloth; rag”); further etymology uncertain, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang down loosely (?)”).


bræw

brǣw (canonical masculine)
brǣw (nominative singular)
brǣwas (nominative plural)
brǣw (accusative singular)
brǣwas (accusative plural)
brǣwes (genitive singular)
brǣwa (genitive plural)
brǣwe (dative singular)
brǣwum (dative plural)
brēaw (alternative)
brēaġ (alternative)
brēġ (alternative)
brēġh (alternative)
brēhg (alternative)

Middle English: brewe, breȝe, brei

From the merger of Proto-West Germanic *brāwī and *brāwu, from Proto-Germanic *brēwō.


fealle

fealle (nominative singular)
feallan (nominative plural)
feallan (accusative singular)
feallan (accusative plural)
feallan (genitive singular)
feallena (genitive plural)
feallan (dative singular)
feallum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *fallǭ. Cognate with Dutch val, German Falle, Swedish fälla.

Hit is fealle!


musfealle

mūsfealle (canonical feminine)
mūsfealle (nominative singular)
mūsfeallan (nominative plural)
mūsfeallan (accusative singular)
mūsfeallan (accusative plural)
mūsfeallan (genitive singular)
mūsfeallena (genitive plural)
mūsfeallan (dative singular)
mūsfeallum (dative plural)

Middle English: mousfalle

English: mousefall

[ˈmuːsˌfæ͜ɑɫ.ɫe]

From Proto-West Germanic *mūsfallā. Equivalent to mūs (“mouse”) + fealle (“trap”).


æppelwin

æppelwīn (canonical neuter)
æppelwīn (nominative singular)
æppelwīn (nominative plural)
æppelwīn (accusative singular)
æppelwīn (accusative plural)
æppelwīnes (genitive singular)
æppelwīna (genitive plural)
æppelwīne (dative singular)
æppelwīnum (dative plural)

English: apple wine

From Proto-West Germanic *appluwīn. Equivalent to æppel (“apple”) + wīn (“wine”).


gaderung

gaderung (nominative singular)
gaderunga (nominative plural)
gaderunge (nominative plural)
gaderunge (accusative singular)
gaderunga (accusative plural)
gaderunge (accusative plural)
gaderunge (genitive singular)
gaderunga (genitive plural)
gaderunge (dative singular)
gaderungum (dative plural)
gæderung (alternative)
geadrung (alternative)
geaðrung (alternative)

Middle English: gadering

English: gathering

a gathering, assembly, joining, council, congregation, crowd


scytta

sċytta (canonical masculine)
sċytta (nominative singular)
sċyttan (nominative plural)
sċyttan (accusative singular)
sċyttan (accusative plural)
sċyttan (genitive singular)
sċyttena (genitive plural)
sċyttan (dative singular)
sċyttum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *skuttjō, from Proto-Germanic *skutjô.

c. 994, Ælfric, On the Year
Ǣlċe mōnað hēo yrnð under ān þǣra tacna. Ān þǣra tacna ys ġehāten aries, þæt is ramm; oðer taurus, þæt is fearr; ðridda gemini, þæt synd ġetwisan; fēorða cancer, þæt is crabba; fīfta leo; syxta virgo, þæt is mǣden; seofoða libra, þæt is pund orde wǣġe; eahtoðe scorpius, þæt is þrōwend; nigoða is sagittarius, þæt is sċytta; teoða ys capricornus, þæt is buccan horn, oððe bucca; endlyfta is aquarius, þæt is wæter-ġyte, oððe þe þe wæter ġyt; twelfte is pisces, þæt synd fixas.

Each month runs under one of the signs [of the Zodiac]. The first of the signs is called aries, that is "ram"; the second is taurus, that is "bull"; the third is gemini, that is "twins"; the fourth is cancer, that is "crab"; the fifth is lion; the sixth is virgo, that is "virgin"; the seventh is libra, that is "pound" or "scales”; eighth is scorpious, that is "scorpion"; ninth is sagittarius, that is "shooter"; tenth is capricornus, that is "he-goat's horn" or "he-goat"; eleventh is aquarius, that is "pouring water" or "one that pours water"; twelfth is pisces, that is "fishes."

c. 996, Ælfric, Lives of Saints
Þā ġebende ān sċytta sōna his bogan and āsċēat ānne flān, and ātǣsde þone cyning betwēox þǣre lungenne, þæt hē feallende swealt on þām ġefeohte ǣrest.

Just then an archer bent his bow and let one arrow fly, and tore the king between his lungs so he fell dead—the first of the battle.


endung

endung (nominative singular)
endunga (nominative plural)
endunge (nominative plural)
endunge (accusative singular)
endunga (accusative plural)
endunge (accusative plural)
endunge (genitive singular)
endunga (genitive plural)
endunge (dative singular)
endungum (dative plural)

English: ending


utlaga

ūtlaga (canonical masculine)
ūtlaga (nominative singular)
ūtlagan (nominative plural)
ūtlagan (accusative singular)
ūtlagan (accusative plural)
ūtlagan (genitive singular)
ūtlagena (genitive plural)
ūtlagan (dative singular)
ūtlagum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: utlaȝe, outlaghe, outlawe

English: outlaw

Scots: out-law

→ Medieval Latin: ūtlaga, ūtlagus

→ Anglo-Norman: utlage, ullage

/ˈuːtˌlɑ.ɡɑ/

[ˈuːtˌlɑ.ɣɑ]

From Old Norse útlagi, equivalent to ūt- + *laga. Compare Old English lagu (“law”).


getwisa

ġetwisa (canonical masculine)
ġetwisa (nominative singular)
ġetwisan (nominative plural)
ġetwisan (accusative singular)
ġetwisan (accusative plural)
ġetwisan (genitive singular)
ġetwisena (genitive plural)
ġetwisan (dative singular)
ġetwisum (dative plural)
ġetwysa (alternative)

Each month runs under one of the signs [of the Zodiac]. The first of the signs is called aries, that is "ram"; the second is taurus, that is "bull"; the third is gemini, that is "twins"; the fourth is cancer, that is "crab"; the fifth is lion; the sixth is virgo, that is "virgin"; the seventh is libra, that is "pound" or "scales"; eighth is scorpious, that is "scorpion"; ninth is sagittarius, that is "shooter"; tenth is capricornus, that is "he-goat's horn" or "he-goat"; eleventh is aquarius, that is "pouring water" or "one that pours water"; twelfth is pisces, that is "fishes."

Tō hwȳ ne sind nāne ealde ġetwisan?


Getwisan

Ġetwisan (canonical masculine plural)
Ġetwisan (nominative plural)
Ġetwisan (accusative plural)
Ġetwisena (genitive plural)
Ġetwisum (dative plural)
Ġetwysan (alternative)

From the plural of ġetwisa (“twin”), translating Latin Geminī.

c. 995, Ælfric, Excerptiones de Arte Grammatica Anglice
Sume naman sind ēac þe nabbaþ ānfeald ġetæl, ac bēoþ ǣfre maniġfealdlīċe ġecwedene, swā swā bēoþ twā þāra twelf tācna, Ġetwisan and Fiscas.

There are also some nouns that don't have a singular number, but are always used in the plural, including two of the twelve Zodiac signs, Gemini and Pisces.


hæfern

hæfern (nominative singular)
hæfernas (nominative plural)
hæfern (accusative singular)
hæfernas (accusative plural)
hæfernes (genitive singular)
hæferna (genitive plural)
hæferne (dative singular)
hæfernum (dative plural)
hræfen (alternative)
hæbern (alternative)
hræfn (alternative)
hafern (alternative)
hæbrn (alternative)
hafærn (alternative)
hefern (alternative)
habern (alternative)
hebern (alternative)

Uncertain. Perhaps from hæf (“water, sea”) + ærn (“house, home, dwelling”), in reference to its shell.


sweartness

sweartness (nominative singular)
sweartnesse (accusative singular)
sweartnesse (genitive singular)
sweartnesse (dative singular)


foresceawung

foresċēawung (canonical feminine)
foresċēawung (nominative singular)
foresċēawunga (nominative plural)
foresċēawunge (nominative plural)
foresċēawunge (accusative singular)
foresċēawunga (accusative plural)
foresċēawunge (accusative plural)
foresċēawunge (genitive singular)
foresċēawunga (genitive plural)
foresċēawunge (dative singular)
foresċēawungum (dative plural)
forasċēawung (alternative)

desc

Middle English: foresceawunge, forshewyng, foresceuing, forshowyng

English: foreshowing

a foreshowing, foreseeing, foresight, foreknowledge, forethought, providence


blædre

blǣdre (canonical feminine)
blǣdre (nominative singular)
blǣdran (nominative plural)
blǣdran (accusative singular)
blǣdran (accusative plural)
blǣdran (genitive singular)
blǣdrena (genitive plural)
blǣdran (dative singular)
blǣdrum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *blādrā, from Proto-Germanic *blēdrǭ.

Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
Þæt sixte wīte wæs, þæt mislīċe ḡeswel and blǣdran asprungon on heora līchaman on eallum his folce.

The sixth plague was that various swellings and pustules sprung up on the bodies of all of his people.


fiersn

fiersn (nominative singular)
fiersne (nominative plural)
fiersna (nominative plural)
fiersn (accusative singular)
fiersne (accusative singular)
fiersne (accusative plural)
fiersna (accusative plural)
fiersne (genitive singular)
fiersna (genitive plural)
fiersne (dative singular)
fiersnum (dative plural)
fyrsn (alternative)


bruwe

inflection of brū:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of brū:
genitive/dative singular


scohwyrhta

sċōhwyrhta (canonical masculine)
sċōhwyrhta (nominative singular)
sċōhwyrhtan (nominative plural)
sċōhwyrhtan (accusative singular)
sċōhwyrhtan (accusative plural)
sċōhwyrhtan (genitive singular)
sċōhwyrhtena (genitive plural)
sċōhwyrhtan (dative singular)
sċōhwyrhtum (dative plural)

From sċōh (“shoe”) + wyrhta (“worker, maker”).


wægnwyrhta

wæġnwyrhta (canonical masculine)
wæġnwyrhta (nominative singular)
wæġnwyrhtan (nominative plural)
wæġnwyrhtan (accusative singular)
wæġnwyrhtan (accusative plural)
wæġnwyrhtan (genitive singular)
wæġnwyrhtena (genitive plural)
wæġnwyrhtan (dative singular)
wæġnwyrhtum (dative plural)

wæġn (“wagon”) + wyrhta (“worker, maker”)

Hē ēode tō þām wæġnwyrhtan mid tebrocenum hwēole.

He went to the wainwright with a broken wheel.


sceaphierde

sċēaphierde (canonical masculine)
sċēaphierde (nominative singular)
sċēaphierdas (nominative plural)
sċēaphierde (accusative singular)
sċēaphierdas (accusative plural)
sċēaphierdes (genitive singular)
sċēaphierda (genitive plural)
sċēaphierde (dative singular)
sċēaphierdum (dative plural)
sċēaphyrde (alternative)
sċēaphirde (alternative)
sċēphyrde (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: schepherde, scheepherd, schepherd, schepparde, schepperde, sheepeert, shepehurde, sheperde, shepherd, shepherde, shephirde, shepperde, scheperd, scheperde, sheppard, shepperd, schiperd, shippard, schypard (Late Middle English), ssepherde, ssephurde (Kent, Southern)
English: shepherd
Middle Scots: scheiphird, schiphird
Scots: shepherd

From Proto-West Germanic *skāpahirdī. Cognate with German Schafhirte. Equivalent to sċēap (“sheep”) + hierde (“herdsman”).

Iċ eom sē gōda sċēaphierde. Sē gōda sċēaphierde selþ his līf for his sċēapum.

I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd gives his life for his sheep.


ceaster

ċeaster (canonical feminine)
ċeaster (nominative singular)
ċeastra (nominative plural)
ċeastre (nominative plural)
ċeastre (accusative singular)
ċeastra (accusative plural)
ċeastre (accusative plural)
ċeastre (genitive singular)
ċeastra (genitive plural)
ċeastre (dative singular)
ċeastrum (dative plural)
ċester (alternative Kentish Mercian)
ċæster (alternative Anglian)
cæster (alternative)

English: Chester

late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
Swylċe ēac þissum tīdum cōm myċel hungor on Constantinopolim Crēca ealdorburh: ⁊ sōna wōl was æfterfyliġende. Ġe ēac moniġe weallas mid seofon ⁊ fīfteġum tōrran ġehruron ⁊ ġefeollan ⁊ swylċe ēac moniġe ōðre ċeastre tōhrorene wǣron.

And also at this time there was a great famine in the Greek metropolis of Constantinople; and a plague followed immediately after. Also many walls with fifty-seven towers fell and collapsed and many other cities fell to ruin.


geoloca

ġeoloca (canonical masculine)
ġeoloca (nominative singular)
ġeolocan (nominative plural)
ġeolocan (accusative singular)
ġeolocan (accusative plural)
ġeolocan (genitive singular)
ġeolocena (genitive plural)
ġeolocan (dative singular)
ġeolocum (dative plural)
ġeolca (alternative)
ġioloca (alternative)

desc

Middle English: yolke, yelke, ȝolke, ȝelke

English: yolk, yelk

English: gowk (“apple core”)

From ġeolu (“yellow”) + -ca (diminutive suffix).

af

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Sermon on the Nativity of Our Lord"
Sċēawa nū on ānum ǣġe, hū þæt hwīte ne biþ ġemenġed tō þām ġeolocan, and biþ hwæðre ān ǣġ.

Now look at an egg—how the white doesn't mingle with the yolk, and yet it's still one egg.


herenes

herenes (nominative singular)
herenessa (nominative plural)
herenesse (nominative plural)
herenesse (accusative singular)
herenessa (accusative plural)
herenesse (accusative plural)
herenesse (genitive singular)
herenessa (genitive plural)
herenesse (dative singular)
herenessum (dative plural)


sciell

sċiell (canonical feminine)
sċiell (nominative singular)
sċiella (nominative plural)
sċielle (nominative plural)
sċielle (accusative singular)
sċiella (accusative plural)
sċielle (accusative plural)
sċielle (genitive singular)
sċiella (genitive plural)
sċielle (dative singular)
sċiellum (dative plural)
sċiel (alternative)
sċyll (alternative)
sċyl (alternative)
sċill (alternative)
sċil (alternative)
sċell (alternative)
sċel (alternative)

Middle English: schelle

English: shell

Scots: schel, schell

From Proto-West Germanic *skallju, from Proto-Germanic *skaljō.

late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Leviticus 11:9

Don't eat any fish except those that have fins and scales.

Ne etaþ ġē nānne fisċ būtan þā þe habbaþ finnas and sċiella.

c. 897, King Alfred's translation of Pope Gregory's Pastoral Care
Ǣlċes fisċes sċiell biþ tō ōðerre ġefēġedu, þæt þǣr ne mæġ nān ǣðm ūt betwēox.

Every scale on a fish is attached to another, so no air can get out between them.

scale (keratin pieces covering the skin of certain animals)


byrdling

byrdling (nominative singular)
byrdlingas (nominative plural)
byrdling (accusative singular)
byrdlingas (accusative plural)
byrdlinges (genitive singular)
byrdlinga (genitive plural)
byrdlinge (dative singular)
byrdlingum (dative plural)
byrdlingc (alternative)

Middle English: birdling

English: birdling

Apparently from a Proto-Germanic *burdilingaz (equivalent to bord + -ling), though there are no cognates. Perhaps the literal meaning was originally "little shield," though in the surviving texts bord only means "shield" in poetry. Every modern Germanic language except English has the word "shield" in the word for "turtle": West Frisian skyldpod, Dutch schildpad, German Schildkröte, and Swedish sköldpadda all mean “shield toad,” Icelandic skjaldbaka and Faroese skjaldbøka both mean “shield back.” Also a few non-Germanic languages, cf. Estonian kilpkonn (literally “shield frog”) and Finnish kilpikonna (literally “shield toad”).


beodclaþ

bēodclāþ (canonical masculine)
bēodclāþ (nominative singular)
bēodclāþas (nominative plural)
bēodclāþ (accusative singular)
bēodclāþas (accusative plural)
bēodclāþes (genitive singular)
bēodclāþa (genitive plural)
bēodclāþe (dative singular)
bēodclāþum (dative plural)


snegel

sneġel (canonical masculine)
sneġel (nominative singular)
sneġlas (nominative plural)
sneġel (accusative singular)
sneġlas (accusative plural)
sneġles (genitive singular)
sneġla (genitive plural)
sneġle (dative singular)
sneġlum (dative plural)
snæġl (alternative)
snæġel (alternative)
sneġl (alternative)
snǣl (alternative)
snēl (alternative)

desc

Middle English: snail, sneil, snayl, sneyl

English: snail

Scots: snail


gicce

ġiċċe (canonical feminine)
ġiċċe (nominative singular)
ġiċċan (nominative plural)
ġiċċan (accusative singular)
ġiċċan (accusative plural)
ġiċċan (genitive singular)
ġiċċena (genitive plural)
ġiċċan (dative singular)
ġiċċum (dative plural)
ġyċċe (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *jukkjā, related to *jukkjan (“to itch”).


hwitel

hwītel (canonical masculine)
hwītel (nominative singular)
hwītlas (nominative plural)
hwītel (accusative singular)
hwītlas (accusative plural)
hwītles (genitive singular)
hwītla (genitive plural)
hwītle (dative singular)
hwītlum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: whytel, whitle, wytele, wittulle
English: whittle
Yola: whithel

desc

→ Old Northern French: blancet, blanket (calque)

Middle French: blanchet

French: blanchet

→ Middle English: blanket

English: blanket

Scots: blanket

→ Old Norse: blakt

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hwītil, from Proto-Germanic *hwītilaz (“linen, sheet”). Cognate with Old Norse hvítill (“white bed cover”).


gebeorc

ġebeorc (canonical neuter)
ġebeorc (nominative singular)
ġebeorc (nominative plural)
ġebeorc (accusative singular)
ġebeorc (accusative plural)
ġebeorces (genitive singular)
ġebeorca (genitive plural)
ġebeorce (dative singular)
ġebeorcum (dative plural)

c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
Ġemenġed stemn is þe bið būtan andġyte, swylċ swā is hrȳðera ġehlōw and horsa hnǣġung, hunda ġebeorc, trēowa brastlung, et cetera.

A confused sound is a sound that has no meaning, such as the mooing of cows and the neighing of horses, the barking of dogs, the rustling of trees, et cetera.


gehlow

ġehlōw (canonical neuter)
ġehlōw (nominative singular)
ġehlōw (nominative plural)
ġehlōw (accusative singular)
ġehlōw (accusative plural)
ġehlōwes (genitive singular)
ġehlōwa (genitive plural)
ġehlōwe (dative singular)
ġehlōwum (dative plural)

c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
Ġemenġedu stefn is þe biþ būtan andġiete, swelċ swā is hrīðera ġehlōw and horsa hnǣġung, hunda ġebeorc, trēowa brastlung, and swā forþ.

Confused sound is sound that has no meaning, such as the mooing of cows and the neighing of horses, the barking of dogs, the rustling of trees, and so forth.


geleafa

ġelēafa (canonical masculine)
ġelēafa (nominative singular)
ġelēafan (nominative plural)
ġelēafan (accusative singular)
ġelēafan (accusative plural)
ġelēafan (genitive singular)
ġelēafena (genitive plural)
ġelēafan (dative singular)
ġelēafum (dative plural)
ġelǣfa (alternative)

desc

Middle English: ȝeleafe, ileafe, ȝeleave, ileave, ȝeleve, ileve

From Proto-West Germanic *galaubō, from Proto-Germanic *galaubô. More at ġelīefan (“to believe”). Cognate with German Glaube (“belief”).

Man mæġ mistruwian his āgnu ġewitt, ac nā his āgenne ġelēafan.

One can mistrust one's own senses, but not one's own belief.

Lā ġē lȳtles ġelēafan

late 10th century, Ælfric, Lives of Saints
Hē þancode þā god eallra his gōdnyssa, þæt hē hine ġesċylde wiþ þone swicolan deofol and him siġe forġēaf þurh sōþne ġelēafan.

Then he thanked God for all of his good deeds, that He protected him against the treacherous devil and gave him victory through the true faith.

sē cristena ġelēafa


læcehus

lǣċehūs (canonical neuter)
lǣċehūs (nominative singular)
lǣċehūs (nominative plural)
lǣċehūs (accusative singular)
lǣċehūs (accusative plural)
lǣċehūses (genitive singular)
lǣċehūsa (genitive plural)
lǣċehūse (dative singular)
lǣċehūsum (dative plural)

Middle English: leche hous

c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Luke 10:34

He set him on his animal, and took him to a hospital, and treated him.

Hē hine on his nīeten āsette, and ġelǣdde on lǣċehūs, and hine ġelācnode.


cecil

Diminutive of an unattested *coc-. Possibly cognate with Dutch koek and German Kuchen, the latter's oldest form having a long root vowel like cecil and *coc-. If so, from Proto-Germanic *kōkô.


blawunge

accusative/genitive/dative singular of blāwung


impe

impe (nominative singular)
impan (nominative plural)
impan (accusative singular)
impan (accusative plural)
impan (genitive singular)
impena (genitive plural)
impan (dative singular)
impum (dative plural)
impa (alternative)


frumlida

frumlida (nominative singular)
frumlidan (nominative plural)
frumlidan (accusative singular)
frumlidan (accusative plural)
frumlidan (genitive singular)
frumlidena (genitive plural)
frumlidan (dative singular)
frumlidum (dative plural)

From frum (“first, leading”) + lida (“sailor, traveller”).

af

the captain of a ship, boat, or other vessel


berie

berie (nominative singular)
berian (nominative plural)
berian (accusative singular)
berian (accusative plural)
berian (genitive singular)
beriena (genitive plural)
berian (dative singular)
berium (dative plural)


streawberge

strēawberġe (canonical feminine)
strēawberġe (nominative singular)
strēawberġan (nominative plural)
strēawberġan (accusative singular)
strēawberġan (accusative plural)
strēawberġan (genitive singular)
strēawberġena (genitive plural)
strēawberġan (dative singular)
strēawberġum (dative plural)
strēaberġe (alternative)
strēawberiġe (alternative)
strēaberiġe (alternative)
strēowberiġe (alternative)
strēowberġe (alternative)
strēuberiġe (alternative)
strēaberie (alternative)
strǣberiġe (alternative)

desc

Middle English: strawbery, strauberi, strobery, strebere

Scots: strabery, strayberrie

English: strawberry

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ster-
Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃-
Proto-Indo-European *strew-der.
Proto-Germanic *strawą
Proto-West Germanic *strau
Old English strēaw
Proto-Germanic *bazją
Proto-West Germanic *baʀi
Old English berġe
Old English streawberge
strēaw (“straw”) + berġe (“berry”)


underburg

underburg (nominative singular)
underbyrġ (nominative plural)
underburg (accusative singular)
underbyrġ (accusative plural)
underbyrġ (genitive singular)
underburga (genitive plural)
underbyrġ (dative singular)
underburgum (dative plural)
underburh (alternative)

From under- + burg. Perhaps originally a calque of Latin suburbium.

Strǣta on þām underburgum bēoþ oft swīðe ġeþrāwena and nearwa.

Streets are often very twisted and narrow in the suburbs.


unlyft

unlyft (nominative singular)
unlyfte (nominative plural)
unlyfta (nominative plural)
unlyft (accusative singular)
unlyfte (accusative singular)
unlyfte (accusative plural)
unlyfta (accusative plural)
unlyfte (genitive singular)
unlyfta (genitive plural)
unlyfte (dative singular)
unlyftum (dative plural)


eagþyrl

ēagþȳrl (canonical neuter)
ēagþȳrl (nominative singular)
ēagþȳrlu (nominative plural)
ēagþȳrl (accusative singular)
ēagþȳrlu (accusative plural)
ēagþȳrles (genitive singular)
ēagþȳrla (genitive plural)
ēagþȳrle (dative singular)
ēagþȳrlum (dative plural)

/ˈæ͜ɑːɡˌθyːrl/

[ˈæ͜ɑːɣˌθyːrˠl]


wealhstod

wealhstod (nominative singular)
wealhstodas (nominative plural)
wealhstod (accusative singular)
wealhstodas (accusative plural)
wealhstodes (genitive singular)
wealhstoda (genitive plural)
wealhstode (dative singular)
wealhstodum (dative plural)

Middle English: weallstaðel

→ Middle Welsh: gwalstawt

Welsh: gwalstod (obsolete)

From wealh (“Roman/Celt/Welsh person”) plus an unknown element *stod. See Proto-Germanic *walhaz.

late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
Ælfrēd cyning wæs wealhstod þisse bēċ.

King Alfred was the translator of this book.

c. 992, Ælfric, "St. Gregory the Great, Pope of Rome"
Augustīnus hæfde ġenumen wealhstodas of Francena rīċe, swā swā Grēgorius him bebēad, and hē þurh þāra wealhstoda mūþ þām cyninge and his lēode Godes word bodode.

Augustine had taken interpreters from France, as Gregory had directed him, and through the mouth of those interpreters he preached God's word to the king and his people.

late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
Nāmon hīe ēac swelċe him wealhstodas of Franclande mid, swā him Grēgorius bebēad.

They also took with them interpreters from France, as Gregory had directed them.

c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Assumption of the Blessed Mary"
Hīerōnymus is sē fyrmesta wealhstod betwēoh Ebrēiscum and Crēcum and Lǣdenwarum.

Jerome is the first translator between the Hebrews, the Greeks, and the Romans.


togang

tōgang (canonical masculine)
tōgang (nominative singular)
tōgangas (nominative plural)
tōgang (accusative singular)
tōgangas (accusative plural)
tōganges (genitive singular)
tōganga (genitive plural)
tōgange (dative singular)
tōgangum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *tōgang. Equivalent to tō + gang.


iermþ

iermþ (nominative singular)
iermþa (nominative plural)
iermþe (nominative plural)
iermþe (accusative singular)
iermþa (accusative plural)
iermþe (accusative plural)
iermþe (genitive singular)
iermþa (genitive plural)
iermþe (dative singular)
iermþum (dative plural)


þrowend

þrōwend (canonical masculine)
þrōwend (nominative singular)
þrōwendas (nominative plural)
þrōwend (accusative singular)
þrōwendas (accusative plural)
þrōwendes (genitive singular)
þrōwenda (genitive plural)
þrōwende (dative singular)
þrōwendum (dative plural)

c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Greater Litany"
Sē þrōwend is ǣtren and slihþ mid þām tæġle tō dēaðe.

The scorpion is venomous and stings things to death with its tail.


eorþbeofung

eorþbeofung (nominative singular)
eorþbeofunga (nominative plural)
eorþbeofunge (nominative plural)
eorþbeofunge (accusative singular)
eorþbeofunga (accusative plural)
eorþbeofunge (accusative plural)
eorþbeofunge (genitive singular)
eorþbeofunga (genitive plural)
eorþbeofunge (dative singular)
eorþbeofungum (dative plural)
eorþbifung (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *erþubibungu. Cognate with Old Frisian erthbivinge, Old Saxon erđbiƀunga, Old Dutch *erthbivunga, Old High German erdbibunga. Equivalent to eorþe (“earth”) + beofung (“shaking”).

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
Æfter þǣm þe Rōmeburg ġetimbred wæs III hunde wintra ⁊ LXXVI, wæs in Achie eorþbeofung, ⁊ twā byriġ, Ebora ⁊ Elice, on eorþan besuncon.

Three hundred seventy-six years after the city of Rome was built, there was an earthquake in Achaea and two cities, Ebora and Helice, sunk into the ground.

Æfter þǣre eorðbeofunge man eft ġetimbrede þā burg.

They rebuilt the town after the earthquake.


beofung

beofung (nominative singular)
beofunga (nominative plural)
beofunge (nominative plural)
beofunge (accusative singular)
beofunga (accusative plural)
beofunge (accusative plural)
beofunge (genitive singular)
beofunga (genitive plural)
beofunge (dative singular)
beofungum (dative plural)
bifung (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *bibungu. Equivalent to bifian + -ung. The -eo- is from back umlaut, which did not affect bifian because its second syllable lacked a back vowel. The alternative form bifung has its -i- leveled in from bifian.


landhlaford

landhlāford (canonical masculine)
landhlāford (nominative singular)
landhlāfordas (nominative plural)
landhlāford (accusative singular)
landhlāfordas (accusative plural)
landhlāfordes (genitive singular)
landhlāforda (genitive plural)
landhlāforde (dative singular)
landhlāfordum (dative plural)


anmedla

onmedla (alternative)
onmædla (alternative)


mangere

mangeras (nominative plural)
mangere (nominative singular)
mangeras (nominative plural)
mangere (accusative singular)
mangeras (accusative plural)
mangeres (genitive singular)
mangera (genitive plural)
mangere (dative singular)
mangerum (dative plural)

Middle English: mongere

English: monger


hwitnes

hwītnes (canonical feminine)
hwītnes (nominative singular)
hwītnesse (accusative singular)
hwītnesse (genitive singular)
hwītnesse (dative singular)
hwītnys (alternative)

desc

Middle English: hwitnesse, whytnesse, whitnesse, whitenesse

English: whiteness


hwosta

hwōsta (canonical masculine)
hwōsta (nominative singular)
hwōstan (nominative plural)
hwōstan (accusative singular)
hwōstan (accusative plural)
hwōstan (genitive singular)
hwōstena (genitive plural)
hwōstan (dative singular)
hwōstum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *hwōstō, from Proto-Germanic *hwōstô.


sceawere

sċēawere (canonical masculine)
sċēawere (nominative singular)
sċēaweras (nominative plural)
sċēawere (accusative singular)
sċēaweras (accusative plural)
sċēaweres (genitive singular)
sċēawera (genitive plural)
sċēawere (dative singular)
sċēawerum (dative plural)

Middle English: schewere, schawere, showre

English: shower

From Proto-West Germanic *skauwārī (“watcher, onlooker”), equivalent to sċēawian + -ere.

inh

late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Numbers 13:4

Then Moses did as God commanded, and sent twelve spies from the desert that is called Paran.

Þā dyde Mōȳsēs swā God him bebēad, and sende of þǣre wēstenne þe is ġenemned Pharan twelf sċēaweras.

Iċ lōciġe on þone sċēawere, ac iċ mē ne oncnāwe.

I look in the mirror, but I don't recognize myself.


halge

hālġe (canonical feminine)
hālġe (nominative singular)
hālgan (nominative plural)
hālgan (accusative singular)
hālgan (accusative plural)
hālgan (genitive singular)
hālgena (genitive plural)
hālgan (dative singular)
hālgum (dative plural)

Cynewulf, "Juliana"
Sēo hālġe stōd unġewemde wlite. Næs hire feax ne fell fȳre ġemǣled.

The saint stood with unblemished beauty. Neither her hair nor her skin were marked by the fire.


wiþig

wīþiġ (canonical masculine)
wīþiġ (nominative singular)
wīþiġas (nominative plural)
wīþiġ (accusative singular)
wīþiġas (accusative plural)
wīþiġes (genitive singular)
wīþiġa (genitive plural)
wīþiġe (dative singular)
wīþiġum (dative plural)
wīþing (alternative)
wīðiġ (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *wīþijaz (“willow”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéh₁itis (“that which twines or bends, branch, switch”). Related to German Weide, Dutch wijde, Swedish vide.


wyrcung

wyrċung (canonical feminine)
wyrċung (nominative singular)
wyrċunga (nominative plural)
wyrċunge (nominative plural)
wyrċunge (accusative singular)
wyrċunga (accusative plural)
wyrċunge (accusative plural)
wyrċunge (genitive singular)
wyrċunga (genitive plural)
wyrċunge (dative singular)
wyrċungum (dative plural)


husc

husċ m or (canonical noun)
husċ (nominative singular)
husċas (nominative plural)
husċ (accusative singular)
husċas (accusative plural)
husċes (genitive singular)
husċa (genitive plural)
husċe (dative singular)
husċum (dative plural)
husċ (nominative singular)
husċ (nominative plural)
husċ (accusative singular)
husċ (accusative plural)
husċes (genitive singular)
husċa (genitive plural)
husċe (dative singular)
husċum (dative plural)
hux (alternative)
hucs (alternative)
hucx (alternative)

Middle English: hux

From Proto-West Germanic *husk, from Proto-Germanic *huską, *huskaz. Cognate with Old Saxon hosk, Old Dutch hosk, Old High German hosc, hosk.


bulluc

bulluc (nominative singular)
bullucas (nominative plural)
bulluc (accusative singular)
bullucas (accusative plural)
bulluces (genitive singular)
bulluca (genitive plural)
bulluce (dative singular)
bullucum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: bullok, bulluc, bollok, bolok
English: bullock
Scots: bullok

From Proto-West Germanic *bulluk, equivalent to bula + -oc.


heafodling

hēafodling (canonical masculine)
hēafodling (nominative singular)
hēafodlingas (nominative plural)
hēafodling (accusative singular)
hēafodlingas (accusative plural)
hēafodlinges (genitive singular)
hēafodlinga (genitive plural)
hēafodlinge (dative singular)
hēafodlingum (dative plural)

Middle English: hevedling, hedling

English: headling


distæf

distæf (nominative singular)
distæfas (nominative plural)
distæf (accusative singular)
distæfas (accusative plural)
distæfes (genitive singular)
distæfa (genitive plural)
distæfe (dative singular)
distæfum (dative plural)

Middle English: distaf, distaffe, distaff, distafe, distæf, dysestafe
English: distaff


reorde

inflection of reord:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of reord:
genitive/dative singular