albe

albe (nominative singular)
alban (nominative plural)
alban (accusative singular)
alban (accusative plural)
alban (genitive singular)
albena (genitive plural)
alban (dative singular)
album (dative plural)

English: alb


wealdend

wealdend (nominative singular)
wealdend (nominative plural)
wealdende (nominative plural)
wealdendas (nominative plural)
wealdend (accusative singular)
wealdend (accusative plural)
wealdende (accusative plural)
wealdendas (accusative plural)
wealdendes (genitive singular)
wealdendra (genitive plural)
wealdende (dative singular)
wealdendum (dative plural)
waldend (alternative)

desc

Middle English: weldende, weldent, welden, weldene, weldinde, wealdend, wealdende, wealdent, wældend, waldend, waldende, walden

From Proto-Germanic *waldandz; equivalent to the present participle of wealdan (“to rule”). Cognate with Gothic *𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (*waldands), Old Saxon waldand.

Wōriað þā wīnsalo; · waldend liċġað
drēame bidrorene; · duguþ eal ġecrong,
wlonc bī wealle. · Sume wīġ fornōm,

The wine-halls ramble; lords lie still,
deprived of mirth; army completely perished,
 proud by the wall. The war took away some men,


woroldar

woroldār (canonical feminine)
woroldār (nominative singular)
woroldāra (nominative plural)
woroldāre (nominative plural)
woroldāre (accusative singular)
woroldāra (accusative plural)
woroldāre (accusative plural)
woroldāre (genitive singular)
woroldāra (genitive plural)
woroldāre (dative singular)
woroldārum (dative plural)


feohgift

feohġift (canonical feminine)
feohġift (nominative singular)
feohġifta (nominative plural)
feohġifte (nominative plural)
feohġifte (accusative singular)
feohġifta (accusative plural)
feohġifte (accusative plural)
feohġifte (genitive singular)
feohġifta (genitive plural)
feohġifte (dative singular)
feohġiftum (dative plural)

feoh (“livestock, wealth, property”) + ġift (“gift, giving”)

affix

(poetic) treasure-giving, dispensing of gifts


wilgesiþ

head

wilġesīþ m (nominative plural wilġesīþas)

wilġesīþ (canonical masculine)
wilġesīþas (nominative plural)
wilġesīþ (nominative singular)
wilġesīþas (nominative plural)
wilġesīþ (accusative singular)
wilġesīþas (accusative plural)
wilġesīþes (genitive singular)
wilġesīþa (genitive plural)
wilġesīþe (dative singular)
wilġesīþum (dative plural)

willa (“welcome”) + ġesīþ (“companion, comrade”)


fenix

fēnix (canonical masculine)
fēnix (nominative singular)
fēnixas (nominative plural)
fēnix (accusative singular)
fēnixas (accusative plural)
fēnixes (genitive singular)
fēnixa (genitive plural)
fēnixe (dative singular)
fēnixum (dative plural)

English: phoenix

From Latin phoenīx, from Ancient Greek φοῖνιξ (phoînix), from Egyptian bnw (boinu, “grey heron”).


gescæphwil

(Beowulf) manuscript spelling of ġesċeaphwīl


gescæphwile

inflection of ġescæphwīl:
nominative/accusative plural

inflection of ġescæphwīl:
accusative/genitive/dative singular


culter

desctree

Middle English: culter, colter, coltre, coltur, coulter, cultir, cultour, cultre, cultur, culture, koltre, kulter
English: colter, coulter (obsolete culter)
Scots: couter, cooter

Borrowed from Latin culter, of unclear origin.

cultor (alternative)
cultur (alternative)


sester

sester (nominative singular)
sestras (nominative plural)
sester (accusative singular)
sestras (accusative plural)
sestres (genitive singular)
sestra (genitive plural)
sestre (dative singular)
sestrum (dative plural)


landfruma

head

landfruma m (nominative plural landfruman)


hyþe

inflection of hȳþ:
genitive/dative singular


hringedstefna

hringedstefna m (nominative plural hringedstefnan)

(poetic) curve-prowed ship, ringed vessel


brytta

brytta (nominative singular)
bryttan (nominative plural)
bryttan (accusative singular)
bryttan (accusative plural)
bryttan (genitive singular)
bryttena (genitive plural)
bryttan (dative singular)
bryttum (dative plural)

sōhte seledrēoriġ · sinces bryttan,
hwǣr iċ feor oþþe nēah · findan meahte
þone þe in meoduhealle · mīne wisse

sought hall-sad a giver of treasure,
where I far or near could find
who in a mead-hall would know my men


maþum

māþum (canonical masculine)
māþmas (nominative plural)
māþum (nominative singular)
māþmas (nominative plural)
māþum (accusative singular)
māþmas (accusative plural)
māþmes (genitive singular)
māþma (genitive plural)
māþme (dative singular)
māþmum (dative plural)


madma

Alternative spelling of māþma: genitive plural of mādm


feorhweard

feorhweard f (nominative plural feorhwearde)

(poetic) mortal protection, guard over life


gifta

ġifta (canonical feminine plural)
ġifta (nominative plural)
ġifte (nominative plural)
ġifta (accusative plural)
ġifte (accusative plural)
ġifta (genitive plural)
ġiftum (dative plural)


æht

ǣht (canonical feminine)
ǣht (nominative singular)
ǣhte (nominative plural)
ǣhta (nominative plural)
ǣht (accusative singular)
ǣhte (accusative singular)
ǣhte (accusative plural)
ǣhta (accusative plural)
ǣhte (genitive singular)
ǣhta (genitive plural)
ǣhte (dative singular)
ǣhtum (dative plural)

Middle English: aught, ought

English: aught, ought

Scots: aucht

From Proto-Germanic *aihtiz. Cognate with Old High German ēht; related to āgan (“to own”).

Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
Þā æt nēxtan forlēt Pharao Israhela folc of his earde siðian mid miċċlum ǣhtum, and God ġesette ðone foresǣdan Moysen his folce tō heretogan, and his broðer Aaron tō sacerde; and hī lǣddon þæt folce tō ðǣre Rēadan sǣ mid miċelre fyrdinge, þæt wǣron six hund þūsenda wigendra manna, buton wīfum and ċildum.

Then at last Pharaoh allowed the people of Israel to leave his land with much livestock, and God appointed the aforementioned Moses as the leader of his people, and his brother Aaron as priest; and they led the people to the Red Sea with a great host, which numbered six hundred thousand warriors, not counting women and children.

late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
Þonne is on ēasteweardre Cent myċel ēaland Tenet, þæt is syx hund hīda miċel æfter Angelcynnes ǣhte. Þæt ēalond tōsċēadeð Wantsumo strēam frām þām tōġeþeoddan lande. Sē is þreora furlunga brād: ⁊ on twām stōwum is oferfernes, ⁊ ǣġhwæþer ende līð on sǣ.

Now to the east of Cent there is the great island of Thanet, which contains six hundred hides by the English manner of reckoning. The island separates the Wantsum Channel from the adjacent land. It is three furlongs wide; and it can be crossed in two places, and at each end flows into the sea.


segn

seġn (canonical masculine neuter)
seġen (alternative)


þeodgestreon

(poetic) people's treasure, national treasure hoard


gestreon

ġestrēon (canonical neuter)
ġestrēon (nominative singular)
ġestrēonu (nominative plural)
ġestrēon (accusative singular)
ġestrēonu (accusative plural)
ġestrēones (genitive singular)
ġestrēona (genitive plural)
ġestrēone (dative singular)
ġestrēonum (dative plural)

English: strain


fleo

flēo (canonical neuter)
flēo (nominative singular)
flēo (nominative plural)
flēo (accusative singular)
flēo (accusative plural)
flēo (genitive singular)
flēo (genitive plural)
flēo (dative singular)
flēo (dative plural)
flīo (alternative)
fleah (alternative)
flīe (alternative)
flīġ (alternative)

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Germanic *fleg-, related to Proto-Germanic *flekka-. Cognate with Old Saxon flī (“white spot”).


heofenum

Alternative spelling of heofonum: dative plural of heofon


heaþuwæd

heaþuwǣd (canonical feminine)
heaþuwǣd (nominative singular)
heaþuwǣda (nominative plural)
heaþuwǣde (nominative plural)
heaþuwǣde (accusative singular)
heaþuwǣda (accusative plural)
heaþuwǣde (accusative plural)
heaþuwǣde (genitive singular)
heaþuwǣda (genitive plural)
heaþuwǣde (dative singular)
heaþuwǣdum (dative plural)
heaþowǣd (alternative)

/ˈxæ͜ɑ.θuˌwæːd/

[ˈhæ͜ɑ.ðuˌwæːd]


frætwa

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of frætwe


læg

læġ (canonical neuter)
læġ (nominative singular)
lagu (nominative plural)
læġ (accusative singular)
lagu (accusative plural)
læġes (genitive singular)
laga (genitive plural)
læġe (dative singular)
lagum (dative plural)
*leġ (alternative)

Middle English: lay

English: lay

Scots: lay

From Proto-West Germanic *lag, from Proto-Germanic *lagą (“position, situation, law”).


fligel

fliġel (canonical masculine)
fliġel (nominative singular)
fliġelas (nominative plural)
fliġel (accusative singular)
fliġelas (accusative plural)
fliġeles (genitive singular)
fliġela (genitive plural)
fliġele (dative singular)
fliġelum (dative plural)
*fleġel (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: fleyl, flaell, flayl, flayle, flayll, fleel, fleil, fleyle, fleȝȝl (Ormulum)
English: flail (dialectal frail)
Scots: flail
Yola: vleal

From earlier *fleġel, from Proto-West Germanic *flagil, of disputed origin. Probably from Latin flagellum, or alternatively possibly inherited from Proto-Germanic *flagilaz.


creda

crēda (canonical masculine)
crēda (nominative singular)
crēdan (nominative plural)
crēdan (accusative singular)
crēdan (accusative plural)
crēdan (genitive singular)
crēdena (genitive plural)
crēdan (dative singular)
crēdum (dative plural)
crēdo (alternative)

Middle English: crede
English: creed
Scots: creed

Borrowed from Latin crēdō (“I believe”) in the Nicene Creed or Apostle's Creed.


bolle

bolle (nominative singular)
bollan (nominative plural)
bollan (accusative singular)
bollan (accusative plural)
bollan (genitive singular)
bollena (genitive plural)
bollan (dative singular)
bollum (dative plural)

Middle English: bolle

Scots: boll, bol, bow

English: bowl

→ Middle French: bolle

French: bol

→ Greek: μπολ (bol)

From Proto-Germanic *bullǭ (“ball, round object, shell”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰln-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, inflate, swell, bubble”). Cognate with Old Frisian bolla (“goblet”), Old Saxon bollo (“goblet”), Old High German bolla (“round vessel, bowl”), Old Norse bolli (“goblet, cup”).


beah

bēah (canonical masculine)
bēah (nominative singular)
bēagas (nominative plural)
bēah (accusative singular)
bēagas (accusative plural)
bēages (genitive singular)
bēaga (genitive plural)
bēage (dative singular)
bēagum (dative plural)


gifstol

ġifstōl (canonical masculine)
ġifstōl (nominative singular)
ġifstōlas (nominative plural)
ġifstōl (accusative singular)
ġifstōlas (accusative plural)
ġifstōles (genitive singular)
ġifstōla (genitive plural)
ġifstōle (dative singular)
ġifstōlum (dative plural)

honda ond hēafod, · swā hē hwīlum ǣr
in ġeārdagum · ġiefstōlas brēac.

hands and head, like he once before,
in days of yore, enjoyed gifts of throne.


foldbuend

foldbūend (canonical masculine)
foldbūend (nominative singular)
foldbūend (nominative plural)
foldbūende (nominative plural)
foldbūendas (nominative plural)
foldbūend (accusative singular)
foldbūend (accusative plural)
foldbūende (accusative plural)
foldbūendas (accusative plural)
foldbūendes (genitive singular)
foldbūendra (genitive plural)
foldbūende (dative singular)
foldbūendum (dative plural)

folde (“earth, land”) + būend (“inhabitant, dweller”)

affix

one who lives on the land; an earth-dweller, a man


buende

inflection of būend:
nominative/accusative plural


rodor

rodor (nominative singular)
rodoras (nominative plural)
rodor (accusative singular)
rodoras (accusative plural)
rodores (genitive singular)
rodora (genitive plural)
rodore (dative singular)
rodorum (dative plural)
rador (alternative)
roder (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *radur, from Proto-Germanic *raduraz (“wheel, sun, heaven, sky”).

inh

c. 1000, Ælfric of Eynsham (tr.), Hexameron of St. Basil

Thereafter, God made two shining lights, a greater one and a lesser one, the moon and the sun, with the Sun to shine by day, and the moon to shine by night...and he also made all the stars, and he fixed them in the firm heavens so that they could illumine the earth with their manyfold rays.

God ġeworhte ðā sōna twā sċīnende lēoht myċele and mǣre, mōnan and sunnan, ðā sunnan on meriġen tō ðǣs dæġes lihtinge, ðone mōnan on ǣfen mannum tō lihtinge on nihtlīcere tīde...And ealle steorran hē ēac ðā ġeworhte, and hē hī ġefæstnode on ðām fæstan rodore ðæt hī ðā eorðan onlīhton mid heora mæniġfealdum lēoman


adela

adela (nominative singular)
adelan (nominative plural)
adelan (accusative singular)
adelan (accusative plural)
adelan (genitive singular)
adelena (genitive plural)
adelan (dative singular)
adelum (dative plural)

English: addle

From Proto-West Germanic *adal, from Proto-Germanic *adalaz, *adalô (“cattle urine, liquid manure”)


torht

From Proto-Germanic *turhtą (“lightness; brightness”), from Proto-Indo-European *derḱ- (“to glance; look; see”).


guþbeorn

gūþbeorn (canonical masculine)
gūþbeorn (nominative singular)
gūþbeornas (nominative plural)
gūþbeorn (accusative singular)
gūþbeornas (accusative plural)
gūþbeornes (genitive singular)
gūþbeorna (genitive plural)
gūþbeorne (dative singular)
gūþbeornum (dative plural)

From gūþ (“battle”) + beorn (“warrior”). Equivalent to Old Norse Gunnbjǫrn.


arstafas

ārstafas (canonical masculine)
ārstafas (nominative plural)
ārstafas (accusative plural)
ārstafa (genitive plural)
ārstafum (dative plural)


guþbyrne

gūþbyrne (canonical feminine)
gūþbyrne (nominative singular)
gūþbyrnan (nominative plural)
gūþbyrnan (accusative singular)
gūþbyrnan (accusative plural)
gūþbyrnan (genitive singular)
gūþbyrnena (genitive plural)
gūþbyrnan (dative singular)
gūþbyrnum (dative plural)


æscholt

æsċholt (canonical neuter)
æsċholt (nominative singular)
æsċholt (nominative plural)
æsċholt (accusative singular)
æsċholt (accusative plural)
æsċholtes (genitive singular)
æsċholta (genitive plural)
æsċholte (dative singular)
æsċholtum (dative plural)


oretmæcg

ōretmæċġ (canonical masculine)
ōretmæċġ (nominative singular)
ōretmæċġas (nominative plural)
ōretmæċġ (accusative singular)
ōretmæċġas (accusative plural)
ōretmæċġes (genitive singular)
ōretmæċġa (genitive plural)
ōretmæċġe (dative singular)
ōretmæċġum (dative plural)


solan

inflection of sole:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of sole:
genitive/dative singular


rahan

inflection of rāha:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of rāha:
nominative/accusative plural


hanan

inflection of hana:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of hana:
genitive/dative singular


heals

heals (nominative singular)
healsas (nominative plural)
heals (accusative singular)
healsas (accusative plural)
healses (genitive singular)
healsa (genitive plural)
healse (dative singular)
healsum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: hals
English: halse, hawse
Scots: hause

From Proto-Germanic *halsaz. Cognate with Old Frisian hals, Old Saxon hals, Old High German hals, Old Norse hals; and with Latin collum (“neck”), earlier collus.


leas

lēas (canonical neuter)
lēas (nominative singular)
lēas (nominative plural)
lēas (accusative singular)
lēas (accusative plural)
lēases (genitive singular)
lēasa (genitive plural)
lēase (dative singular)
lēasum (dative plural)

English: -less, lease, leasing

From Proto-West Germanic *laus (“loose, free, vacant”). Akin to Old Norse lauss, German los (“loose, free”). More at -less, loose.


taru

taru (nominative singular)
tarwa (nominative plural)
tarwe (nominative plural)
tarwe (accusative singular)
tarwa (accusative plural)
tarwe (accusative plural)
tarwe (genitive singular)
tarwa (genitive plural)
tarwe (dative singular)
tarwum (dative plural)

Middle English: tare, tar

English: tare

Scots: tere, teer

From Proto-West Germanic *taru, from Proto-Germanic *tarwō.


mene

mene (nominative singular)
menas (nominative plural)
mene (accusative singular)
menas (accusative plural)
menes (genitive singular)
mena (genitive plural)
mene (dative singular)
menum (dative plural)
myne (alternative)

Middle English: myne, mune

From Proto-West Germanic *manī, *manni, from Proto-Germanic *manją (“necklace”), from Proto-Indo-European *mony- (“withers, crest, mane”). Cognate with Old High German menni (“necklace”), Old Norse men (“necklace, jewelry”).


intinga

intinga (nominative singular)
intingan (nominative plural)
intingan (accusative singular)
intingan (accusative plural)
intingan (genitive singular)
intingena (genitive plural)
intingan (dative singular)
intingum (dative plural)
inting (nominative singular)
intingas (nominative plural)
inting (accusative singular)
intingas (accusative plural)
intinges (genitive singular)
intinga (genitive plural)
intinge (dative singular)
intingum (dative plural)
inting (alternative)
intiga (alternative)
intincga (alternative)
inntinga (alternative)
inðinga (alternative)
inðing (alternative)

From earlier inþinga (“inside affair”). Compare Old High German insiht (“cause”).

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Annunciation of St. Mary"
Swīðe þæslīċ anġinn mennisċre alȳsednysse wæs þæt þā sē enġel wearð āsend fram Gode tō ðām mǣdene, tō cȳðenne Godes acennednysse þurh hī; forðan ðe sē forma intinga mennisċes forwyrdes wæs, þāþā sē dēofol āsende ōðerne dēofol, on næddran anlīcnysse, tō ðām frumsċeapenan wīfe Ēuan, hī tō beswīcenne.

A very fitting beginning of human redemption was that when the angel was sent from God to the virgin, to announce the birth of God through her; because the first cause of man's perdition was when the devil sent another devil, in likeness of a serpent, to the first-created woman Eve, for the purpose of deceiving her.


minte

minte (nominative singular)
mintan (nominative plural)
mintan (accusative singular)
mintan (accusative plural)
mintan (genitive singular)
mintena (genitive plural)
mintan (dative singular)
mintum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: mynte, mente, mint, minte, mynt
English: mint
Scots: mint
→ Welsh: mint


ostre

ostre (nominative singular)
ostran (nominative plural)
ostran (accusative singular)
ostran (accusative plural)
ostran (genitive singular)
ostrena (genitive plural)
ostran (dative singular)
ostrum (dative plural)


æþm

ǣþm (canonical masculine)
ǣþm (nominative singular)
ǣþmas (nominative plural)
ǣþm (accusative singular)
ǣþmas (accusative plural)
ǣþmes (genitive singular)
ǣþma (genitive plural)
ǣþme (dative singular)
ǣþmum (dative plural)
ǣðm (alternative)
ēþm (alternative)
ēðm (alternative)

ang-decl-noun-a-m

ǣþm

ang-decl-noun

ǣþm

Middle English: ethem

From Proto-West Germanic *āþm, from Proto-Germanic *ēþmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₁tmén.
Cognate with Old High German ātum (German Atem), Old Saxon āthom, Old Frisian ethma, Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātmán, “soul; self; essence”), Dutch adem.

cog

Caedmon's metrical paraphrase
...And ǣrest āmet ufan tō grunde and hū sīd sē swarta ēðm sēo.

...and first measure from above to its ground, how wide the black vapour is.


syle

inflection of sȳl:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of sȳl:
nominative/accusative plural


stofa

stofa (nominative singular)
stofan (nominative plural)
stofan (accusative singular)
stofan (accusative plural)
stofan (genitive singular)
stofena (genitive plural)
stofan (dative singular)
stofum (dative plural)


ealdorman

æaldorman (alternative Anglian)
æaldormæn (alternative Anglian)
æaldermen (alternative Anglian)
ealdormann (alternative)
aldermon (alternative)
aldermonn (alternative)
aldorman (alternative)

an elderman; senator, chief, duke, a nobleman of the highest rank and holding an office inferior only to that of the king

c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Nativity of our Lord"
Þeos towritennys wearð aræred fram ðam ealdormen Cyrino, of Sirian lande, þæt ælc man oferhēafod sceolde cennan his gebyrde, and his áre on ðære byrig þe hé to gehyrde.

This enrolment was set forth from Cyrenius, the governor of Syria—that every man in general should declare his birth and his possession in the city to which he belonged.


grighund

grīġhund (canonical masculine)
grīġhund (nominative singular)
grīġhundas (nominative plural)
grīġhund (accusative singular)
grīġhundas (accusative plural)
grīġhundes (genitive singular)
grīġhunda (genitive plural)
grīġhunde (dative singular)
grīġhundum (dative plural)

English: greyhound

From *grīeġ (cognate with Old Norse grøy (“bitch”)) + hund.


legerstow

leġerstōw (canonical feminine)
leġerstōw (nominative singular)
leġerstōwa (nominative plural)
leġerstōwe (nominative plural)
leġerstōwe (accusative singular)
leġerstōwa (accusative plural)
leġerstōwe (accusative plural)
leġerstōwe (genitive singular)
leġerstōwa (genitive plural)
leġerstōwe (dative singular)
leġerstōwum (dative plural)


yn

ȳn (canonical feminine)
ȳn (nominative singular)
ȳna (nominative plural)
ȳne (nominative plural)
ȳne (accusative singular)
ȳna (accusative plural)
ȳne (accusative plural)
ȳne (genitive singular)
ȳna (genitive plural)
ȳne (dative singular)
ȳnum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *ūniju, *unnjā (“onion”).


scola

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of sċolu


scola

sċola (canonical masculine)
sċola (nominative singular)
sċolan (nominative plural)
sċolan (accusative singular)
sċolan (accusative plural)
sċolan (genitive singular)
sċolena (genitive plural)
sċolan (dative singular)
sċolum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *skolō, from Proto-Germanic *skulô, from Proto-Indo-European *skel- (“to owe, be obligated, be guilty”).


loppe

loppe (nominative singular)
loppan (nominative plural)
loppan (accusative singular)
loppan (accusative plural)
loppan (genitive singular)
loppena (genitive plural)
loppan (dative singular)
loppum (dative plural)
lobbe (alternative)

Middle English: loppe

English: lop

Sense of "spider, silkworm" from Proto-Germanic *lubbō, *lubbǭ (“that which hangs or dangles”), from Proto-Indo-European *lep- (“to peel, skin”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian lobbe (“hanging lump of flesh”), Middle Low German lobbe and Middle Dutch lobbe (“dangling part”), Dutch lob (“hanging lip, ruffle or sleeve”). More at lobe.
Sense of "flea" from Proto-Germanic *luppǭ (“flea, sandflea”, originally “jumper”), from Proto-Germanic *luppijaną (“to jump, dart”). Cognate with Danish loppe (“flea”), Swedish loppa (“flea”), Middle High German lüpfen, lupfen (“to release and raise aloft, move quickly”).


bucca

buccan (nominative plural)
bucca (nominative singular)
buccan (nominative plural)
buccan (accusative singular)
buccan (accusative plural)
buccan (genitive singular)
buccena (genitive plural)
buccan (dative singular)
buccum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: bukke, bocke, boke, buc, bucce, bucke, buk
English: buck
Scots: buk, buke, buik
Yola: buch

From Proto-West Germanic *bukkō, from Proto-Germanic *bukkô (“male goat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰugo- (“buck”). Akin to Old High German boc, Old Norse bukkr, Middle Dutch boc, Avestan 𐬠𐬏𐬰𐬀 (būza, “buck, goat”), Old Armenian բուծ (buc, “lamb”), Old English bucc (“male deer”).

c. 994, Ælfric, On the Year
Ǣlċe mōnað hēo yrnð under ān þǣra tacna. Ān þǣra tacna ys ġehāten aries, þæt is ramm; oðer taurus, þæt is fearr; ðridda gemini, þæt synd ġetwisan; fēorða cancer, þæt is crabba; fīfta leo; syxta virgo, þæt is mǣden; seofoða libra, þæt is pund orde wǣġe; eahtoðe scorpius, þæt is þrōwend; nigoða is sagittarius, þæt is sċytta; teoða ys capricornus, þæt is buccan horn, oððe bucca; endlyfta is aquarius, þæt is wæter-ġyte, oððe þe þe wæter ġyt; twelfte is pisces, þæt synd fixas.

Each month runs under one of the signs [of the Zodiac]. The first of the signs is called aries, that is "ram"; the second is taurus, that is "bull"; the third is gemini, that is "twins"; the fourth is cancer, that is "crab"; the fifth is lion; the sixth is virgo, that is "virgin"; the seventh is libra, that is "pound" or "scales”; eighth is scorpious, that is "scorpion"; ninth is sagittarius, that is "shooter"; tenth is capricornus, that is "he-goat's horn" or "he-goat"; eleventh is aquarius, that is "pouring water" or "one that pours water"; twelfth is pisces, that is "fishes."


stofn

stofn (nominative singular)
stofnas (nominative plural)
stofn (accusative singular)
stofnas (accusative plural)
stofnes (genitive singular)
stofna (genitive plural)
stofne (dative singular)
stofnum (dative plural)

Middle English: stoven

From Proto-Germanic *stōmnaz, a derivative of Proto-Germanic *stōmô (“base, foundation”). Compare Old Norse stomn, stofn (“stem; stump; foundation; stock”), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌼𐌰 (stōma).
Alternatively, from Proto-Germanic *stubnaz, a derivative of Proto-Germanic *stubbaz (“stump”).


candele

inflection of candel:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of candel:
genitive/dative singular


blodwite

blōdwīte (canonical neuter)
blōdwītu (nominative plural)

English: bloodwite


bune

bune (nominative singular)
bunan (nominative plural)
bunan (accusative singular)
bunan (accusative plural)
bunan (genitive singular)
bunena (genitive plural)
bunan (dative singular)
bunum (dative plural)

Hwǣr cōm mearg? Hwǣr cōm mago? · Hwǣr cōm māþþumġyfa?
Hwǣr cōm symbla ġesetu? · Hwǣr sindon seledrēamas?
Ēalā beorht bune! · Ēalā byrnwiga!
Ēalā þēodnes þrym! · Hū sēo þrāg ġewāt,
ġenāp under nihthelm, · swā hēo nō wære.

Whither did the horse come? Whither did the man come? Whither did the treasure-giver come?
Whither did the seats of feasts come? Where are the hall-joys?
Alack and alas, bright cup! Alack and alas, mailed warrior!
Alack and alas, the army of the king! How did the time pass,
grow dark under the cover of night, as if it never did.


ing

inga (nominative plural)
inge (nominative plural)
ing (nominative singular)
inga (nominative plural)
inge (nominative plural)
inge (accusative singular)
inga (accusative plural)
inge (accusative plural)
inge (genitive singular)
inga (genitive plural)
inge (dative singular)
ingum (dative plural)

Apparently borrowed from Old Norse eng or possibly inherited directly from Proto-Germanic *angijō.


cors

cors (nominative singular)
corsas (nominative plural)
cors (accusative singular)
corsas (accusative plural)
corses (genitive singular)
corsa (genitive plural)
corse (dative singular)
corsum (dative plural)

English: curse


eaxl

eaxl (nominative singular)
eaxla (nominative plural)
eaxle (nominative plural)
eaxle (accusative singular)
eaxla (accusative plural)
eaxle (accusative plural)
eaxle (genitive singular)
eaxla (genitive plural)
eaxle (dative singular)
eaxlum (dative plural)
eaxel (alternative)
esl (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: axel, axle, eaxle, æxle, exle
English: axle (obsolete)
Scots: aixle, exle

From Proto-West Germanic *ahslu, from Proto-Germanic *ahslō.


heden

heden (nominative singular)
hednas (nominative plural)
heden (accusative singular)
hednas (accusative plural)
hednes (genitive singular)
hedna (genitive plural)
hedne (dative singular)
hednum (dative plural)
hæþen (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *hadinaz, *hidanaz (compare *hōdaz (“hood”)), cognate with Old Norse héðinn.


wiga

wiga (nominative singular)
wigan (nominative plural)
wigan (accusative singular)
wigan (accusative plural)
wigan (genitive singular)
wigena (genitive plural)
wigan (dative singular)
wigum (dative plural)

English: wye

From Proto-West Germanic *wigō, equivalent to wīgan (“to fight”) + -a (agentive noun suffix).

suffix

Ne sċeal nō tō hātheort, · ne tō hrædwyrde,
ne tō wāc wiga, · ne tō wanhȳdiġ,
ne tō forht, ne tō fæġen, · ne tō feohġīfre,
ne nǣfre ġielpes tō ġeorn, · ǣr hē ġeare cunne.

Should not be too wrathful, nor too hasty in words,
nor too weak warrior, nor too careless,
nor too fearful, nor too joyful, nor too eager for money,
nor ever too eager of pride, before he would know enough.


gewiss

ġewiss (canonical neuter)
ġewiss (nominative singular)
ġewiss (nominative plural)
ġewiss (accusative singular)
ġewiss (accusative plural)
ġewisses (genitive singular)
ġewissa (genitive plural)
ġewisse (dative singular)
ġewissum (dative plural)
ġewis (alternative)

Middle English: ywis, iwis, wis, wiss

English: iwis, wis

Scots: iwis

From Proto-Germanic *gawissaz (“certain”), equivalent to ġe- + the Proto-Germanic past participle of *witaną (whence Old English witan).
Cognate with Old Frisian wiss, Old Saxon giwiss, Old Dutch *giwis, Old High German giwiss, Old Norse viss.


ungewiss

unġewiss (canonical neuter)
unġewiss (nominative singular)
unġewiss (nominative plural)
unġewiss (accusative singular)
unġewiss (accusative plural)
unġewisses (genitive singular)
unġewissa (genitive plural)
unġewisse (dative singular)
unġewissum (dative plural)
unġewis (alternative)


wyrms

wyrms (nominative singular)
wyrmsas (nominative plural)
wyrms (accusative singular)
wyrmsas (accusative plural)
wyrmses (genitive singular)
wyrmsa (genitive plural)
wyrmse (dative singular)
wyrmsum (dative plural)
wyrms (nominative singular)
wyrms (nominative plural)
wyrms (accusative singular)
wyrms (accusative plural)
wyrmses (genitive singular)
wyrmsa (genitive plural)
wyrmse (dative singular)
wyrmsum (dative plural)


munde

inflection of mund:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of mund:
nominative/accusative plural


cunnung

English: cunning


lenda

lenda (nominative singular)
lendan (nominative plural)
lendan (accusative singular)
lendan (accusative plural)
lendan (genitive singular)
lendena (genitive plural)
lendan (dative singular)
lendum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *landijō, equivalent to land + -a.


gegncwide

ġeġncwide (canonical masculine)
ġeġncwide (nominative singular)
ġeġncwidas (nominative plural)
ġeġncwide (accusative singular)
ġeġncwidas (accusative plural)
ġeġncwides (genitive singular)
ġeġncwida (genitive plural)
ġeġncwide (dative singular)
ġeġncwidum (dative plural)


geæhtle

ġeæhtle (canonical feminine)
ġeæhtle (nominative singular)
ġeæhtlan (nominative plural)
ġeæhtlan (accusative singular)
ġeæhtlan (accusative plural)
ġeæhtlan (genitive singular)
ġeæhtlena (genitive plural)
ġeæhtlan (dative singular)
ġeæhtlum (dative plural)


deah

dēah (canonical feminine)
dēah (nominative singular)
dēaga (nominative plural)
dēage (nominative plural)
dēage (accusative singular)
dēaga (accusative plural)
dēage (accusative plural)
dēage (genitive singular)
dēaga (genitive plural)
dēage (dative singular)
dēagum (dative plural)


aldor

aldor (nominative singular)
aldras (nominative plural)
aldor (accusative singular)
aldras (accusative plural)
aldres (genitive singular)
aldra (genitive plural)
aldre (dative singular)
aldrum (dative plural)


heaþurinc

heaþurinc (nominative singular)
heaþurincas (nominative plural)
heaþurinc (accusative singular)
heaþurincas (accusative plural)
heaþurinces (genitive singular)
heaþurinca (genitive plural)
heaþurince (dative singular)
heaþurincum (dative plural)
heaþorinc (alternative)


ealdfæder

ealdfæder (nominative singular)
ealdfæderas (nominative plural)
ealdfæder (accusative singular)
ealdfæderas (accusative plural)
ealdfæder (genitive singular)
ealdfædera (genitive plural)
ealdfæder (dative singular)
ealdfæderum (dative plural)


sæliþend

sǣlīþend (canonical masculine)
sǣlīþend (nominative singular)
sǣlīþend (nominative plural)
sǣlīþende (nominative plural)
sǣlīþendas (nominative plural)
sǣlīþend (accusative singular)
sǣlīþend (accusative plural)
sǣlīþende (accusative plural)
sǣlīþendas (accusative plural)
sǣlīþendes (genitive singular)
sǣlīþendra (genitive plural)
sǣlīþende (dative singular)
sǣlīþendum (dative plural)


stunda

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of stund.


suge

inflection of sugu:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of sugu:
genitive/dative singular


bena

bēna (canonical masculine)
bēnan (nominative plural)
bēna (nominative singular)
bēnan (nominative plural)
bēnan (accusative singular)
bēnan (accusative plural)
bēnan (genitive singular)
bēnena (genitive plural)
bēnan (dative singular)
bēnum (dative plural)


geofon

ġeofon (canonical neuter)
ġeofon (nominative singular)
ġeofonu (nominative plural)
ġeofon (accusative singular)
ġeofonu (accusative plural)
ġeofones (genitive singular)
ġeofona (genitive plural)
ġeofone (dative singular)
ġeofonum (dative plural)
ġeofen (alternative)
ġiefen (alternative)
ġifen (alternative)
ġyfen (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *geban (“sea, ocean”). Cognate with Old Saxon geban, gevan (“sea”).


begong

begong (nominative singular)
begongas (nominative plural)
begong (accusative singular)
begongas (accusative plural)
begonges (genitive singular)
begonga (genitive plural)
begonge (dative singular)
begongum (dative plural)


begang

begang (nominative singular)
begangas (nominative plural)
begang (accusative singular)
begangas (accusative plural)
beganges (genitive singular)
beganga (genitive plural)
begange (dative singular)
begangum (dative plural)


wearn

wearn (nominative singular)
wearna (nominative plural)
wearne (nominative plural)
wearne (accusative singular)
wearna (accusative plural)
wearne (accusative plural)
wearne (genitive singular)
wearna (genitive plural)
wearne (dative singular)
wearnum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *warnu, from Proto-Germanic *warnō (“warding off; refusal; warning”), from the Proto-Indo-European root *wer- (“to cover, guard, protect, heed, notice”).


mægencræft

mæġencræft (canonical masculine)
mæġencræft (nominative singular)
mæġencræftas (nominative plural)
mæġencræft (accusative singular)
mæġencræftas (accusative plural)
mæġencræftes (genitive singular)
mæġencræfta (genitive plural)
mæġencræfte (dative singular)
mæġencræftum (dative plural)

From mæġen + cræft. Cognate with Old Saxon meginkraft.


heaþu

heaþu (nominative singular)
heaþa (nominative plural)
heaþu (accusative singular)
heaþa (accusative plural)
heaþa (genitive singular)
heaþa (genitive plural)
heaþa (dative singular)
heaþum (dative plural)
*heaþo (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *haþu, from Proto-Germanic *haþuz.

(poetic) war, battle (attested only in compounds)


mundgripe

mundgripe (nominative singular)
mundgripas (nominative plural)
mundgripe (accusative singular)
mundgripas (accusative plural)
mundgripes (genitive singular)
mundgripa (genitive plural)
mundgripe (dative singular)
mundgripum (dative plural)

[...] þyder tō þance, þæt hē þrtiges
manna mægencræft on his mundgripe
heaþorōf hæbbe. Hine hālig God [...]

Francis Barton Gummere translation:
… thither for thanks, —he has thirty men’s
heft of grasp in the gripe of his hand,
the bold-in-battle. Blesséd God …


gryre

gryre (nominative singular)
gryras (nominative plural)
gryre (accusative singular)
gryras (accusative plural)
gryres (genitive singular)
gryra (genitive plural)
gryre (dative singular)
gryrum (dative plural)

Middle English: grure

From Proto-Germanic *gruzi-. Cognate with Old Saxon gruri, from the same root as grēosan.


modþracu

mōdþracu (canonical feminine)
mōdþracu (nominative singular)
mōdþraca (nominative plural)
mōdþrace (nominative plural)
mōdþrace (accusative singular)
mōdþraca (accusative plural)
mōdþrace (accusative plural)
mōdþrace (genitive singular)
mōdþraca (genitive plural)
mōdþrace (dative singular)
mōdþracum (dative plural)


heregrima

heregrīma (canonical masculine)
heregrīma (nominative singular)
heregrīman (nominative plural)
heregrīman (accusative singular)
heregrīman (accusative plural)
heregrīman (genitive singular)
heregrīmena (genitive plural)
heregrīman (dative singular)
heregrīmum (dative plural)


hildebord

hildebord (nominative singular)
hildebord (nominative plural)
hildebord (accusative singular)
hildebord (accusative plural)
hildebordes (genitive singular)
hildeborda (genitive plural)
hildeborde (dative singular)
hildebordum (dative plural)


geþinge

ġeþinġe (canonical neuter)
ġeþinġe (nominative singular)
ġeþinġu (nominative plural)
ġeþinġe (accusative singular)
ġeþinġu (accusative plural)
ġeþinġes (genitive singular)
ġeþinġa (genitive plural)
ġeþinġe (dative singular)
ġeþinġum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *gaþingī. Cognate with Old Saxon githingi, Old Dutch githingi, Old High German gidingi.


haran

inflection of hara:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of hara:
nominative/accusative plural


mægdencild

mæġdenċild (canonical neuter)
mæġdenċild (nominative singular)
mæġdenċildru (nominative plural)
mæġdenċild (accusative singular)
mæġdenċildru (accusative plural)
mæġdenċildes (genitive singular)
mæġdenċildra (genitive plural)
mæġdenċilde (dative singular)
mæġdenċildrum (dative plural)
mæġdenċild (nominative singular)
mæġdenċild (nominative plural)
mæġdenċild (accusative singular)
mæġdenċild (accusative plural)
mæġdenċildes (genitive singular)
mæġdenċilda (genitive plural)
mæġdenċilde (dative singular)
mæġdenċildum (dative plural)

Middle English: maidenchild


bewering

bewering (nominative singular)
beweringa (nominative plural)
beweringe (nominative plural)
beweringe (accusative singular)
beweringa (accusative plural)
beweringe (accusative plural)
beweringe (genitive singular)
beweringa (genitive plural)
beweringe (dative singular)
beweringum (dative plural)
bewerung (alternative)


cruce

crūce (canonical feminine)
crūce (nominative singular)
crūcan (nominative plural)
crūcan (accusative singular)
crūcan (accusative plural)
crūcan (genitive singular)
crūcena (genitive plural)
crūcan (dative singular)
crūcum (dative plural)

Middle English: crouke

From Proto-West Germanic *krūkā (“pot, pitcher”).


spreca

spreca (nominative singular)
sprecan (nominative plural)
sprecan (accusative singular)
sprecan (accusative plural)
sprecan (genitive singular)
sprecena (genitive plural)
sprecan (dative singular)
sprecum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *sprekō. Cognate with Old Frisian *spreka (attested in e.g. forspreka) and Old High German sprehho. Equivalent to sprecan + -a.


becca

becca (nominative singular)
beccan (nominative plural)
beccan (accusative singular)
beccan (accusative plural)
beccan (genitive singular)
beccena (genitive plural)
beccan (dative singular)
beccum (dative plural)

Middle English: bekke, bek

English: beck (dialectal)

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-West Germanic *bekkō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“hook; to bend, curve”).


stott

stott (nominative singular)
stottas (nominative plural)
stott (accusative singular)
stottas (accusative plural)
stottes (genitive singular)
stotta (genitive plural)
stotte (dative singular)
stottum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: stott (“horse; bullock, steer”), stot, stote

English: stot

Scots: stot, stoit

→ Medieval Latin: stottus m, stotta f (“heifer”) (Anglo-Latin)

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-West Germanic *stott, *stutt (“castrated animal, gelding”), from Proto-Germanic *stuttijan (“to mutilate, cut off, castrate”); or alternatively from Proto-Germanic *steutaz, *stūtaz (“something clipped or docked, stump”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewd- (“to bump, push, hit”). Compare Old Norse stútr (“a young ox, bull”) (whence Danish stud (“bullock, steer”)).


upspring

upspring (nominative singular)
upspringas (nominative plural)
upspring (accusative singular)
upspringas (accusative plural)
upspringes (genitive singular)
upspringa (genitive plural)
upspringe (dative singular)
upspringum (dative plural)

c. 994, Ælfric, On the Twelve Winds
Fēower heafodwindas synd. Sē fyrmesta is ēasterne wind, subsolanus ġehāten, for þām ðe hē blæwð frām ðǣre sunnan upspringe, ⁊ ys swyðe ġemetegod. Sē ōðer heafodwind is sūðerne, auster ġehāten, sē āstyreð wolcnu, ⁊ ligettas, ⁊ mistlice cwyld blǣwð geond ðās eorðan.

There are four headwinds. The first is the eastern wind, called subsolanus, because it blows from the rising of the sun, and is very moderate. The second headwind is southern, called auster, which stirs up clouds, and lightnings, and blows various plagues around the earth.


siman

inflection of sīma:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of sīma:
genitive/dative singular


princ

Of obscure origin, but probably related to the root of modern pry (“to look, inquire closely”). The word survived as Middle English prinken and modern English prink (sense 1) (“to look”).

On prince ēages


getot

ġetot (canonical neuter)
ġetot (nominative singular)
ġetotu (nominative plural)
ġetot (accusative singular)
ġetotu (accusative plural)
ġetotes (genitive singular)
ġetota (genitive plural)
ġetote (dative singular)
ġetotum (dative plural)


topp

topp (nominative singular)
toppas (nominative plural)
topp (accusative singular)
toppas (accusative plural)
toppes (genitive singular)
toppa (genitive plural)
toppe (dative singular)
toppum (dative plural)
top (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: top, toppe, topp, tope, toop
English: top
→ French: top
→ German: Top
→ Vietnamese: tốp
Scots: tap

From Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”)


noma

noman (nominative plural)
noma (nominative singular)
noman (nominative plural)
noman (accusative singular)
noman (accusative plural)
noman (genitive singular)
nomena (genitive plural)
noman (dative singular)
nomum (dative plural)


lilie

lilie (nominative singular)
lilian (nominative plural)
lilian (accusative singular)
lilian (accusative plural)
lilian (genitive singular)
liliena (genitive plural)
lilian (dative singular)
lilium (dative plural)
liliġe (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: lilie, lili, lylye, leli, lely, lilye, lyllie, lyly, lylly, lelye
English: lily
Scots: lily


hland

hland (nominative singular)
hland (nominative plural)
hland (accusative singular)
hland (accusative plural)
hlandes (genitive singular)
hlanda (genitive plural)
hlande (dative singular)
hlandum (dative plural)
hlond (alternative)
hlom (alternative)

Middle English: *land

English: land, lant

From Proto-West Germanic *hland (“urine”). Cognate with Old Norse hland (“urine”).


nett

nett (nominative singular)
nett (nominative plural)
nett (accusative singular)
nett (accusative plural)
nettes (genitive singular)
netta (genitive plural)
nette (dative singular)
nettum (dative plural)
net (alternative)

Middle English: nett

English: net

Scots: net

From Proto-West Germanic *nati.
Cognate with Old Frisian net, Old Saxon netti and fisknet, Old High German nezzi, Old Norse net, Gothic 𐌽𐌰𐍄𐌹 (nati). Perhaps related to Albanian neth (“sprout, bud”) and Russian нить (nitʹ, “thread”).


hylle

inflection of hyll:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of hyll:
genitive/dative singular


drepe

drepe (nominative singular)
drepas (nominative plural)
drepe (accusative singular)
drepas (accusative plural)
drepes (genitive singular)
drepa (genitive plural)
drepe (dative singular)
drepum (dative plural)
drype (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *drapiz (“strike, blow, deathblow”), from Proto-Germanic *drepaną (“to strike, slay, kill”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrebʰ- (“to crush, grind, kill”).
Akin to Old Norse drep (“blow, deathblow”), Old Norse dráp (“deathblow”), Middle High German tref (“a strike, hit”), Old English drepan (“to kill”).


assen

assen (nominative singular)
assena (nominative plural)
assene (nominative plural)
assene (accusative singular)
assena (accusative plural)
assene (accusative plural)
assene (genitive singular)
assena (genitive plural)
assene (dative singular)
assenum (dative plural)
asse (alternative)


slan

inflection of slāh:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of slāh:
nominative/accusative plural


castel

castel (nominative singular)
castellas (nominative plural)
castel (accusative singular)
castellas (accusative plural)
castelles (genitive singular)
castella (genitive plural)
castelle (dative singular)
castellum (dative plural)
castel (nominative singular)
castel (nominative plural)
castel (accusative singular)
castel (accusative plural)
castelles (genitive singular)
castella (genitive plural)
castelle (dative singular)
castellum (dative plural)
castell (alternative)
cæstel (alternative)
ċeastel (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: castel, castell, castelle, castle, chastel (reinforced by Old French)
English: castle
→ Tongan: kāsolo
Scots: castle
→ Scottish Gaelic: caisteal


paradis

paradīs (canonical masculine)
paradīs (nominative singular)
paradīsas (nominative plural)
paradīs (accusative singular)
paradīsas (accusative plural)
paradīses (genitive singular)
paradīsa (genitive plural)
paradīse (dative singular)
paradīsum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: paradis, paradise, paradys

English: paradise

Scots: paradise

From Old French paradis, from Latin paradīsus, from Ancient Greek παράδεισος (parádeisos), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *paridayjah.


damm

damm (nominative singular)
dammas (nominative plural)
damm (accusative singular)
dammas (accusative plural)
dammes (genitive singular)
damma (genitive plural)
damme (dative singular)
dammum (dative plural)

Middle English: dam

English: dam

Scots: dam


byt

byt (nominative singular)
bytta (nominative plural)
bytte (nominative plural)
bytte (accusative singular)
bytta (accusative plural)
bytte (accusative plural)
bytte (genitive singular)
bytta (genitive plural)
bytte (dative singular)
byttum (dative plural)
bytt (alternative)


freme

freman (nominative plural)
freme (nominative singular)
freman (nominative plural)
freman (accusative singular)
freman (accusative plural)
freman (genitive singular)
fremena (genitive plural)
freman (dative singular)
fremum (dative plural)

English: frim

From Proto-Germanic *frami- (“going forth”). Akin to Proto-Germanic *framaz (“forward”).

Ðæs we mágon fremena gewinnan.

fremu, advantage, gain, benefit, profit, good

fremful

useful, profitable, beneficial, fremeful

fremman

to further, advance, support, avail, benefit, do good

fremsumnes

benefit, benignity, kindness, liberality


frema

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of fremu


termen

termenas (nominative plural)
termen (nominative singular)
termenas (nominative plural)
termen (accusative singular)
termenas (accusative plural)
termenes (genitive singular)
termena (genitive plural)
termene (dative singular)
termenum (dative plural)
termin (alternative)

English: term

From or cognate with Old Norse termin (“term, terminus”), from Latin termen, terminus (“boundary, end”).

Gif ðú wille witan ðæt gemǽre terminum septuagesimalis, ðonne tele ðú . . . ðonne on ðam teóðan stent se termen, ðæt gemǽre,

On non Aprilis byð se forma termen on ðam circule ðe ys decennovenalis, oððe pascalis geháten

Ðæt gemǽre ðæs termenes pasche

On ðam termine' ðære eásterlícan tíde

Ymbe ðæne termen


fals

fals (nominative singular)
fals (nominative plural)
fals (accusative singular)
fals (accusative plural)
falses (genitive singular)
falsa (genitive plural)
false (dative singular)
falsum (dative plural)


kuning

kuning (nominative singular)
kuningas (nominative plural)
kuning (accusative singular)
kuningas (accusative plural)
kuninges (genitive singular)
kuninga (genitive plural)
kuninge (dative singular)
kuningum (dative plural)


penn

From Proto-Germanic *pennō, *pannijō (“pin, bolt, nail, tack”), of uncertain origin, but perhaps related to pinn (“peg, pin”).


stoppa

stoppa (nominative singular)
stoppan (nominative plural)
stoppan (accusative singular)
stoppan (accusative plural)
stoppan (genitive singular)
stoppena (genitive plural)
stoppan (dative singular)
stoppum (dative plural)

Middle English: stoppe

From Proto-West Germanic *stoppō. Cognate with Old Saxon stoppo. Equivalent to *stoppian + -a, literally “stopper”.


lafe

inflection of lāf:
accusative/dative singular


bleda

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of blēd


nunnan

inflection of nunne:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of nunne:
genitive/dative singular


sandland

sandland (nominative singular)
sandland (nominative plural)
sandland (accusative singular)
sandland (accusative plural)
sandlandes (genitive singular)
sandlanda (genitive plural)
sandlande (dative singular)
sandlandum (dative plural)


buttorfleoge

buttorflēoge (canonical feminine)
buttorflēoge (nominative singular)
buttorflēogan (nominative plural)
buttorflēogan (accusative singular)
buttorflēogan (accusative plural)
buttorflēogan (genitive singular)
buttorflēogena (genitive plural)
buttorflēogan (dative singular)
buttorflēogum (dative plural)


esne

esne (nominative singular)
esnas (nominative plural)
esne (accusative singular)
esnas (accusative plural)
esnes (genitive singular)
esna (genitive plural)
esne (dative singular)
esnum (dative plural)

Middle English: esne

→ English: esne

From Proto-West Germanic *asnī, from Proto-Germanic *asunz.


þwang

þwang (nominative singular)
þwangas (nominative plural)
þwang (accusative singular)
þwangas (accusative plural)
þwanges (genitive singular)
þwanga (genitive plural)
þwange (dative singular)
þwangum (dative plural)
þwong (alternative)
þwæng (alternative)
þweng (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: thong, thwong, thwang
English: thong
Scots: thwang, thwayng, thang
Yola: fong

From Proto-Germanic *þwanguz. Cognate with Old Norse þvengr.


biscop

bisċop (canonical masculine)
bisċop (nominative singular)
bisċopas (nominative plural)
bisċop (accusative singular)
bisċopas (accusative plural)
bisċopes (genitive singular)
bisċopa (genitive plural)
bisċope (dative singular)
bisċopum (dative plural)
bisċeop (alternative)
bisċep (alternative)
bisc̃ (alternative)

Middle English: bischop, bisschop, bisshop, byschop, bishup, busshop, bushop, busschop, bysshop, bissop, biscop, bisscopp
English: bishop (see there for further descendants)
Scots: bishop

→ Old Norse: biskup
Icelandic: biskup
Faroese: biskupur
Norwegian Bokmål: biskop, bisp
Norwegian Nynorsk: biskop, bisp
Old Swedish: biskoper, biskuper
Swedish: biskop
→ Finnish: piispa
Danish: biskop

Derived from Latin episcopus, from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos, “overseer”).


healsgebedda

healsġebedda (canonical feminine masculine)
healsġebedda (nominative singular)
healsġebeddan (nominative plural)
healsġebeddan (accusative singular)
healsġebeddan (accusative plural)
healsġebeddan (genitive singular)
healsġebeddena (genitive plural)
healsġebeddan (dative singular)
healsġebeddum (dative plural)

(poetic) bedfellow, consort, lover, beloved


nicor

nicoras (nominative plural)
nicor (nominative singular)
nicoras (nominative plural)
nicor (accusative singular)
nicoras (accusative plural)
nicores (genitive singular)
nicora (genitive plural)
nicore (dative singular)
nicorum (dative plural)
nicer (alternative)

Middle English: niker, nycker

English: nicker, nickel

From Proto-Germanic *nikraz, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *neygʷ- (“to wash”). Cognate with Middle Dutch necker (Dutch nikker (“demon”)), Old High German nicchus (German Nix (“water sprite”)), Old Norse nykr (Faroese nykur, Swedish näck).


brego

brego (nominative singular)
brega (nominative plural)
brego (accusative singular)
brega (accusative plural)
brega (genitive singular)
brega (genitive plural)
brega (dative singular)
bregum (dative plural)
bregu (alternative)
breogo (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *breguz, u-stem variant of *bragz (“the first, premier, chief”). The expected outcome for *bragz would be non-existent *bræg. Cognate with Old Norse bragr (“the best, foremost, primary; chief, leader, prince”).


wilweorþung

From wel (“well”) + weorþung (“worship”).

(literally) well worship (the worship of a well or fountain that is characterized by tying cloth to trees near them)


wana

wana (nominative singular)
wanan (nominative plural)
wanan (accusative singular)
wanan (accusative plural)
wanan (genitive singular)
wanena (genitive plural)
wanan (dative singular)
wanum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *wanō, from Proto-Germanic *wanô, from Proto-Germanic *wanaz (“lacking, deficient, absent”).


freca

freca (nominative singular)
frecan (nominative plural)
frecan (accusative singular)
frecan (accusative plural)
frecan (genitive singular)
frecena (genitive plural)
frecan (dative singular)
frecum (dative plural)

English: freak

From Proto-Germanic *frekô (“an active or eager man, warrior, wolf”), from *frekaz (“active, bold, desirous, greedy”)


mys

English: mice

inflection of mūs:
genitive/dative singular

inflection of mūs:
nominative/accusative plural


spone

inflection of spōn:
dative/genitive singular

inflection of spōn:
accusative singular/plural


spala

spala (nominative singular)
spalan (nominative plural)
spalan (accusative singular)
spalan (accusative plural)
spalan (genitive singular)
spalena (genitive plural)
spalan (dative singular)
spalum (dative plural)

Middle English: spale (“rest, break”)

English: spell (“rest, break”)

Unknown; possibly related to spilian (“to play”).


hopp

Unknown. Perhaps related to Old English hoppe (“ornament or bell suspended from the neck”), possibly due to a garment or dress' resemblance to a bell.


guþsele

gūþsele (canonical masculine)
gūþsele (nominative singular)
gūþselas (nominative plural)
gūþsele (accusative singular)
gūþselas (accusative plural)
gūþseles (genitive singular)
gūþsela (genitive plural)
gūþsele (dative singular)
gūþselum (dative plural)


legie

legie (nominative singular)
legian (nominative plural)
legian (accusative singular)
legian (accusative plural)
legian (genitive singular)
legiena (genitive plural)
legian (dative singular)
legium (dative plural)

Ultimately from Latin legō (“to gather, collect”)


hrægl

hræġl (canonical neuter)
hræġl (nominative singular)
hræġl (nominative plural)
hræġl (accusative singular)
hræġl (accusative plural)
hræġles (genitive singular)
hræġla (genitive plural)
hræġle (dative singular)
hræġlum (dative plural)
hræġel (alternative)
-ræġel (alternative)

Middle English: hræȝl, ræȝl, ræil

English: rail

From Proto-West Germanic *hragil, from Proto-Germanic *hragilą (“garment, clothing”), from Proto-Indo-European *krek- (“to beat, weave; web”). Cognate with Old Frisian hreil, Old High German hregil.


wæge

wǣġe (canonical neuter)
wēġe (alternative)

Cognate with Old Norse veig (“strong drink; draught”).


wæge

wǣġe (canonical masculine)
wēġe (alternative)


beorsele

bēorsele (canonical masculine)
bēorsele (nominative singular)
bēorselas (nominative plural)
bēorsele (accusative singular)
bēorselas (accusative plural)
bēorseles (genitive singular)
bēorsela (genitive plural)
bēorsele (dative singular)
bēorselum (dative plural)

Gebeotedon beore druncne oret-mecgas, ðæt hie in beor-sele bidan woldon Grendles guðe.

The sons of conflict, drunk on beer, promised that they would wait in the beerhall for Grendel’s attack.


fenland

fenland (nominative singular)
fenland (nominative plural)
fenland (accusative singular)
fenland (accusative plural)
fenlandes (genitive singular)
fenlanda (genitive plural)
fenlande (dative singular)
fenlandum (dative plural)

English: fenland


ferhþ

head

ferhþ m or n (nominative plural ferhþas or ferhþ)

ferhþas (nominative plural)
ferhþ (nominative plural)
ferhþ (nominative singular)
ferhþas (nominative plural)
ferhþ (accusative singular)
ferhþas (accusative plural)
ferhþes (genitive singular)
ferhþa (genitive plural)
ferhþe (dative singular)
ferhþum (dative plural)
ferhþ (nominative singular)
ferhþ (nominative plural)
ferhþ (accusative singular)
ferhþ (accusative plural)
ferhþes (genitive singular)
ferhþa (genitive plural)
ferhþe (dative singular)
ferhþum (dative plural)
ferht (alternative)
ferþ (alternative)
ferð (alternative)
ferþþ (alternative)
fyrhþ (alternative)
firhþ (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *ferhþuz, equivalent to feorh + -þ.

Flēotendra ferð · nō þǣr fela bringeð
cūðra cwidegiedda. · Ċearo bið ġenīwad

Lifes of floating don't bring there
many known tales. Grief is renewed

Sē þonne þisne wealsteal · wīse ġeþōhte
ond þis deorce līf · dēope ġeondþenċeð,
frōd in ferðe, · feor oft ġemon
wælsleahta worn, · ond þās word ācwið:

Then he deeply thinks over this wall-place
and this dark life with wise thought,
shrewd in mind, oft recalls the long bygone
swarm of slaughters, and utters these words:


daru

daru (nominative singular)
dara (nominative plural)
dare (nominative plural)
dare (accusative singular)
dara (accusative plural)
dare (accusative plural)
dare (genitive singular)
dara (genitive plural)
dare (dative singular)
darum (dative plural)
daro (alternative)

Middle English: dere

Scots: dere

English: dere

From Proto-Germanic *darō. Cognate with Old High German tara and Dutch deer.

him tō dare

Þā ġemētte he his earm and his hand swā hāl and swā ġesund swā him nǣfre bryċe ne daru ġedōn wǣre.

He found his arm and his hand completely healthy and intact, as if they were never broken or injured at all.


docce

docce (nominative singular)
doccan (accusative singular)
doccan (genitive singular)
doccan (dative singular)

From Proto-West Germanic *dokkā, from Proto-Germanic *dukkǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰew- (“dark”).


docce

docce (nominative singular)
doccan (nominative plural)
doccan (accusative singular)
doccan (accusative plural)
doccan (genitive singular)
doccena (genitive plural)
doccan (dative singular)
doccum (dative plural)

gl

merger with Old Norse <i class="Latn mention" lang="non">*dokkr</i>

Middle English: *dokke, dok (merger with Old Norse *dokkr)

English: dock

Scots: dok

From Proto-West Germanic *dokkā, from Proto-Germanic *dukkǭ. Cognate with Old Saxon dokka (“swing, doll”), Old High German tokka (“stook, skein, doll, swing”).


igil

iġil (canonical masculine)
iġilas (nominative plural)
iġil (nominative singular)
iġilas (nominative plural)
iġil (accusative singular)
iġilas (accusative plural)
iġiles (genitive singular)
iġila (genitive plural)
iġile (dative singular)
iġilum (dative plural)
iġl (alternative)
īl (alternative)

Middle English: il

desc

⇒ Middle English: ilespil, ylspil, yspyle


hronfisc

hronfisċ (nominative singular)
hronfiscas (nominative plural)
hronfisċ (accusative singular)
hronfiscas (accusative plural)
hronfisċes (genitive singular)
hronfisca (genitive plural)
hronfisċe (dative singular)
hronfiscum (dative plural)


brimliþend

brimlīþend (canonical masculine)
brimlīþend (nominative singular)
brimlīþend (nominative plural)
brimlīþende (nominative plural)
brimlīþendas (nominative plural)
brimlīþend (accusative singular)
brimlīþend (accusative plural)
brimlīþende (accusative plural)
brimlīþendas (accusative plural)
brimlīþendes (genitive singular)
brimlīþendra (genitive plural)
brimlīþende (dative singular)
brimlīþendum (dative plural)

From brim + present participle of līþan.


hwealf

hwealf (nominative singular)
hwealf (nominative plural)
hwealf (accusative singular)
hwealf (accusative plural)
hwealfes (genitive singular)
hwealfa (genitive plural)
hwealfe (dative singular)
hwealfum (dative plural)
hwalf (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *hwalbą, *hwalfą. Cognate with Old High German walbe, Old Norse hvalf (Icelandic hólf).

10th century, Anonymous, Beowulf, line 576


handa

inflection of hand:
genitive/dative singular

inflection of hand:
nominative/accusative/genitive plural


tange

inflection of tang:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of tang:
nominative/accusative plural


hosu

hosu (nominative singular)
hosa (nominative plural)
hose (nominative plural)
hose (accusative singular)
hosa (accusative plural)
hose (accusative plural)
hose (genitive singular)
hosa (genitive plural)
hose (dative singular)
hosum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *hosā, from Proto-Germanic *husǭ, *hausaz (“covering, shell, leggings”).


glær

glǣr (canonical masculine)
glǣr (nominative singular)
glǣras (nominative plural)
glǣr (accusative singular)
glǣras (accusative plural)
glǣres (genitive singular)
glǣra (genitive plural)
glǣre (dative singular)
glǣrum (dative plural)
glær (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *glāʀ, *glēʀ, from Proto-Germanic *glēzą, related to Proto-Germanic *glasą (“glass, amber”). Cognate with Old Saxon glēr (“resin”), Middle Low German glâr, glar (“resin, gum”).


andan

inflection of anda:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of anda:
nominative/accusative plural


binde

binde (nominative singular)
bindan (nominative plural)
bindan (accusative singular)
bindan (accusative plural)
bindan (genitive singular)
bindena (genitive plural)
bindan (dative singular)
bindum (dative plural)

Middle English: binde, bynde

English: bind

Scots: bind

From Proto-West Germanic *bindā, a variant of *bindu, from Proto-Germanic *bindō.


tempel

tempel (nominative singular)
templu (nominative plural)
tempel (accusative singular)
templu (accusative plural)
temples (genitive singular)
templa (genitive plural)
temple (dative singular)
templum (dative plural)
templ (alternative)
tempil (alternative)

Middle English: tempel, temple

English: temple

Scots: tempil, tempill, temple

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Chair of Saint Peter"
Nū wylle wē ēac ēow secgan hū hē sume dæġ ēode tō þām godes temple mid þām godspellere Iohanne...

Now will we also tell you how on a certain day he went to God's temple with the evangelist John.


byl

bȳl (canonical masculine)
bȳl (nominative singular)
bȳlas (nominative plural)
bȳl (accusative singular)
bȳlas (accusative plural)
bȳles (genitive singular)
bȳla (genitive plural)
bȳle (dative singular)
bȳlum (dative plural)
bȳle (alternative)


telg

telg (nominative singular)
telgas (nominative plural)
telg (accusative singular)
telgas (accusative plural)
telges (genitive singular)
telga (genitive plural)
telge (dative singular)
telgum (dative plural)
tælg (alternative)
tægl (alternative)
tælhg (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *talg, from Proto-Germanic *talgaz (“tallow”).


inca

inca (nominative singular)
incan (nominative plural)
incan (accusative singular)
incan (accusative plural)
incan (genitive singular)
incena (genitive plural)
incan (dative singular)
incum (dative plural)

Middle English: inke

⇒ Middle English: inklen, inclen

English: inkle

⇒ Middle English: *ynklyng, nyngkiling

English: inkling

Scots: inklin

From Proto-Germanic *inkô (“ache, regret”), from Proto-Indo-European *yenǵ- (“illness”). Cognate with Old Frisian jinc (“angered”), Old Norse ekki (“pain, grief”), Norwegian ekkje (“lack, pity”).

doubt, uncertainty, question, suspicion, fear

cause for complaint, offense, ill-will, grievance, grudge; quarrel


tord

tord (nominative singular)
tord (nominative plural)
tord (accusative singular)
tord (accusative plural)
tordes (genitive singular)
torda (genitive plural)
torde (dative singular)
tordum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: tord, toord, torde
English: turd
Scots: tuird


glida

glida (nominative singular)
glidan (nominative plural)
glidan (accusative singular)
glidan (accusative plural)
glidan (genitive singular)
glidena (genitive plural)
glidan (dative singular)
glidum (dative plural)
glioda (alternative)
*gleoda (alternative)

Middle English: glede, glide
English: glede, glead
Scots: gled, gleed

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *glidā, from Proto-Germanic *glidǭ; related to glīdan (“to glide”)

inh+

10th century, Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. Andrew the Apostle"
Sē þe þurh rēaflāc ġewilnaþ þā þing þe hē mid his ēagum wiþūtan sċēawaþ, sē is glida, nā culfre.

Whoever wants to steal the things that he sees with his eyes without, he is a kite, not a dove.


apan

inflection of apa:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of apa:
nominative/accusative plural


hangelle

hangelle (nominative singular)
hangellan (nominative plural)
hangellan (accusative singular)
hangellan (accusative plural)
hangellan (genitive singular)
hangellena (genitive plural)
hangellan (dative singular)
hangellum (dative plural)

Middle English: hangel, hongel, hongill

From Proto-West Germanic *hangalljā, *hangilljā (“that which hangs”), equivalent to hangian + -elle. Cognate with Old High German hangilla, hengila (“cluster of grapes”).


lanan

inflection of lane:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of lane:
genitive/dative singular


mannan

inflection of manna:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of manna:
genitive/dative singular


purpuran

inflection of purpure:
nominative plural

inflection of purpure:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of purpure:
genitive/dative singular


mixen

mixen (nominative singular)
mixena (nominative plural)
mixene (nominative plural)
mixene (accusative singular)
mixena (accusative plural)
mixene (accusative plural)
mixene (genitive singular)
mixena (genitive plural)
mixene (dative singular)
mixenum (dative plural)
myxen (alternative)
meoxen (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: myxen, mixne, myxon, mixerne, mexen
English: mixen
Yola: mizen

From meohx, meox (“dung, filth”), from Proto-West Germanic *mīgan, from Proto-Germanic *mīganą (“to urinate”).


purs

purs (nominative singular)
pursas (nominative plural)
purs (accusative singular)
pursas (accusative plural)
purses (genitive singular)
pursa (genitive plural)
purse (dative singular)
pursum (dative plural)

Middle English: purs, purse

English: purse

Scots: purs, purse

Conflation of Old English burse "bag, pouch" (from Medieval Latin bursa, from Ancient Greek βῡρσα (būrsa) "hide, leather") and Old English pusa "wallet, bag, scrip" from Proto-West Germanic *pusō, from Proto-Germanic *pusô (“bag, sack, scrip”). More at burse, pusa


broga

brōga (canonical masculine)
brōga (nominative singular)
brōgan (nominative plural)
brōgan (accusative singular)
brōgan (accusative plural)
brōgan (genitive singular)
brōgena (genitive plural)
brōgan (dative singular)
brōgum (dative plural)

Uncertain, perhaps borrowed from Celtic. Compare Old High German bruogo.

hine sē brōga angeat

ðǣr is brōgna hýhst

Þā wæs Bīowulfe brōga gecȳðed

then was the danger made known to Beowulf


hengen

henġen (canonical feminine)
henġen (nominative singular)
henġenna (nominative plural)
henġenne (nominative plural)
henġenne (accusative singular)
henġenna (accusative plural)
henġenne (accusative plural)
henġenne (genitive singular)
henġenna (genitive plural)
henġenne (dative singular)
henġennum (dative plural)

Middle English: hengen (hapax)

>? Middle English: henge

English: hinge

Scots: heinȝe, heenge

From Proto-West Germanic *hangini (stem *hangunnj-). Cognate with Old Saxon henginnia, hengenna.

that on which one is hung or hanged (e.g. gibbet, gallows, cross, etc.)


ongit

onġit (canonical neuter)
onġit (nominative singular)
onġitu (nominative plural)
onġit (accusative singular)
onġitu (accusative plural)
onġites (genitive singular)
onġita (genitive plural)
onġite (dative singular)
onġitum (dative plural)


handfull

head

handfull f (nominative plural handfulla)

handfulla (nominative plural)
handfull (nominative singular)
handfulla (nominative plural)
handfulle (nominative plural)
handfulle (accusative singular)
handfulla (accusative plural)
handfulle (accusative plural)
handfulle (genitive singular)
handfulla (genitive plural)
handfulle (dative singular)
handfullum (dative plural)

Middle English: handful

English: handful


cie

ċīe (canonical feminine)
ċīe (nominative singular)
ċīan (nominative plural)
ċīan (accusative singular)
ċīan (accusative plural)
ċīan (genitive singular)
ċīena (genitive plural)
ċīan (dative singular)
ċīum (dative plural)
chȳun (alternative)
*ċīa (alternative)


nieten

nīeten (canonical neuter)
nīeten (nominative singular)
nīetenu (nominative plural)
nīeten (accusative singular)
nīetenu (accusative plural)
nīetenes (genitive singular)
nīetena (genitive plural)
nīetene (dative singular)
nīetenum (dative plural)
nīten (alternative)
nȳten (alternative)

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. Andrew the Apostle"
Culfre is bilewite nȳten, and fram geallan biternysse ælfremed.

A dove is a meek animal, and a stranger to the bitterness of gall.

Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
Fēower hund and ðūsend cræta hē hæfde, and twelf ðūsend riddena; þrēo ðūsend biġspella hē ġesette, and fīf ðūsend lēoða; and asmēade bē ǣlċum trēowcynne, fram ðām hēagan ċēderbēame, oðpæt hē cōm tō ðǣre lȳtlan ysopan. Ēac swylċe bē nȳtenum, and fixum, and fugelum hē smēade, and of eallum lēodum cōmon menn tō ġehȳrenne Salomones wīsdōm.

He had one thousand, four hundred chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen; he composed three thousand proverbs, and five thousand songs; and he contemplated on every kind of tree, from the tall cedar, to the little hyssop. Likewise, he contemplated animals, and fixum, and birds, and people came from every tribe in order to hear Solomon's wisdom.


fugel

fugel (nominative singular)
fuglas (nominative plural)
fugel (accusative singular)
fuglas (accusative plural)
fugles (genitive singular)
fugla (genitive plural)
fugle (dative singular)
fuglum (dative plural)
fugel (nominative singular)
fugelas (nominative plural)
fugel (accusative singular)
fugelas (accusative plural)
fugeles (genitive singular)
fugela (genitive plural)
fugele (dative singular)
fugelum (dative plural)


hlid

hlid (nominative singular)
hlidu (nominative plural)
hlid (accusative singular)
hlidu (accusative plural)
hlides (genitive singular)
hlida (genitive plural)
hlide (dative singular)
hlidum (dative plural)

Middle English: lid

English: lid

Scots: lid

From Proto-West Germanic *hlid, from Proto-Germanic *hlidą (“lid”).


hliþ

hliþ (nominative singular)
hleoþu (nominative plural)
hliþ (accusative singular)
hleoþu (accusative plural)
hliþes (genitive singular)
hleoþa (genitive plural)
hliþe (dative singular)
hleoþum (dative plural)

Middle English: lith

From Proto-Germanic *hliþą, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to lean, slope”).


worþ

Possibly from Proto-Germanic *wurþiz (“elevation, mound”).


alor

alor (nominative singular)
aloras (nominative plural)
alor (accusative singular)
aloras (accusative plural)
alores (genitive singular)
alora (genitive plural)
alore (dative singular)
alorum (dative plural)
aler (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: aldre, alder, aldur, aldyr, aleyre, aller, alre, althir, olr (Early Middle English)
English: alder
Scots: aller

From Proto-West Germanic *aluʀu, from Proto-Germanic *aluz, *alusō, variant of *alizō, *alisō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élis- (compare Hittite [script needed] (alanza(n)), Latin alnus, Latvian al̃ksnis, Polish olcha, Albanian halë (“black pine”), Ancient Macedonian (Hesychius) ἄλιζα (áliza, “white poplar”).


hamm

hamm (nominative singular)
hamma (nominative plural)
hamme (nominative plural)
hamme (accusative singular)
hamma (accusative plural)
hamme (accusative plural)
hamme (genitive singular)
hamma (genitive plural)
hamme (dative singular)
hammum (dative plural)
ham (alternative)
hom (alternative)

Middle English: hamme

English: ham

Scots: hamb, ham

From Proto-Germanic *hammō. Cognate with Middle Dutch hamme (Dutch ham), Old High German hamma (dialectal German Hamm), Old Norse hǫm.


hamm

hamm (nominative singular)
hammas (nominative plural)
hamm (accusative singular)
hammas (accusative plural)
hammes (genitive singular)
hamma (genitive plural)
hamme (dative singular)
hammum (dative plural)

Middle English: hamme

English: -ham (partially)

Either from Proto-Germanic *hammaz, possibly related to *haimaz (“village, estate”); or Proto-Germanic *hamjaz, deverbal of *hamjaną (“pinch, hem in, enclose”), whence Old English *hemman (Modern English hem).
Cognate with Old Frisian ham, Middle Low German hamme (Low Low German Hamm).

enclosure, piece of enclosed land (especially land enclosed by a river)


eorðe

eorðe (nominative singular)
eorðan (nominative plural)
eorðan (accusative singular)
eorðan (accusative plural)
eorðan (genitive singular)
eorðena (genitive plural)
eorðan (dative singular)
eorðum (dative plural)


byrig

inflection of burg:
dative/genitive singular

inflection of burg:
nominative/accusative plural


æspe

æspe (nominative singular)
æspan (nominative plural)
æspan (accusative singular)
æspan (accusative plural)
æspan (genitive singular)
æspena (genitive plural)
æspan (dative singular)
æspum (dative plural)
æsp (alternative)
æps (alternative)

Middle English: aspe; aspen

English: asp; aspen

From Proto-West Germanic *aspu, from Proto-Germanic *aspō.


hyll

hyll (nominative singular)
hylla (nominative plural)
hylle (nominative plural)
hylle (accusative singular)
hylla (accusative plural)
hylle (accusative plural)
hylle (genitive singular)
hylla (genitive plural)
hylle (dative singular)
hyllum (dative plural)
hyll (nominative singular)
hyllas (nominative plural)
hyll (accusative singular)
hyllas (accusative plural)
hylles (genitive singular)
hylla (genitive plural)
hylle (dative singular)
hyllum (dative plural)

Middle English: hil, hyl, hille, hylle, hul, hulle, helle
English: hill
Scots: hill, hull
Yola: hele, hile, hill


sceaga

desc

Middle English: schawe, shawe, shaghe, schaghe, schaȝe

English: shaw

From Proto-West Germanic *skagō, Proto-Germanic *skōgô. Cognate with Old High German scahho.


wearg

wearg (nominative singular)
weargas (nominative plural)
wearg (accusative singular)
weargas (accusative plural)
wearges (genitive singular)
wearga (genitive plural)
wearge (dative singular)
weargum (dative plural)
warg (alternative)
werg (alternative)
wearh (alternative)

Middle English: wari, weri

→ Medieval Latin: wargus, vargus

→ English: wargus

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *warg.
Cognate with Old Saxon warag, Old High German warc, Old Norse vargr (“outlaw, wolf”) (Swedish varg (“wolf”)). See also English warg.

Wearh hangian, fægere ongildan þæt he ær facen dyde manna cynne.

The criminal shall hang, paying fairly for the crime he committed against the race of men. (Maxims II)


wearh

wearh (nominative singular)
weargas (nominative plural)
wearh (accusative singular)
weargas (accusative plural)
wearges (genitive singular)
wearga (genitive plural)
wearge (dative singular)
weargum (dative plural)


tungol

tunglu (nominative plural)
tungol (nominative singular)
tunglu (nominative plural)
tungol (accusative singular)
tunglu (accusative plural)
tungles (genitive singular)
tungla (genitive plural)
tungle (dative singular)
tunglum (dative plural)

Middle English: tungol

From Proto-Germanic *tunglą (“heavenly body, star, orb”).


nyten

nȳten (canonical neuter)
nȳten (nominative singular)
nȳtenu (nominative plural)
nȳten (accusative singular)
nȳtenu (accusative plural)
nȳtenes (genitive singular)
nȳtena (genitive plural)
nȳtene (dative singular)
nȳtenum (dative plural)


seld

English: seld

Alternative form of setl (“seat, throne”)


dryhten

dryhten (nominative singular)
dryhtnas (nominative plural)
dryhten (accusative singular)
dryhtnas (accusative plural)
dryhtnes (genitive singular)
dryhtna (genitive plural)
dryhtne (dative singular)
dryhtnum (dative plural)
drihten (alternative)
dryht̄ (alternative)

Middle English: drihten, drihte

Scots: drichtin, drichtine

English: drightin, drighten, dright

From Proto-Germanic *druhtinaz. Cognate with Old Frisian drochten, Old Saxon drohtin, Old High German truhtin, Old Norse dróttinn.


drihtlice

head

drihtlīċe m (nominative plural drihtliċan)

drihtlīċe (canonical masculine)
drihtliċan (nominative plural)


scian

inflection of sċīa:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of sċīa:
genitive/dative singular


hlose

hlōse (canonical feminine)
hlōse (nominative singular)
hlōsan (nominative plural)
hlōsan (accusative singular)
hlōsan (accusative plural)
hlōsan (genitive singular)
hlōsena (genitive plural)
hlōsan (dative singular)
hlōsum (dative plural)

Middle English: *lose, *loose

English: looze, lewze (dialectal)


mægþe

mæġþe (canonical feminine)
mageðe (alternative)
mageþe (alternative)
magoþe (alternative)
mæġðe (alternative)
mæġeðe (alternative)
mæġþa (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: maythe, maiwe, mathge, mauthe, mawȝt, mawt, mawth, mawþe, mayche, mayþe, meythe, mæȝeðe, meiðe (Early Middle English), mawthen, maythes, maythen (from the plural)
⇒ English: mayweed, maidenweed

Probably related to Proto-Germanic *madarǭ (“madder”). Compare Middle Low German mēgedeblōme, Middle High German magetbluome.


mægþe

inflection of mæġþ:
nominative/accusative plural


mægðe

inflection of mæġð:
nominative/accusative plural


scilling

sċilling (canonical masculine)
sċilling (nominative singular)
sċillingas (nominative plural)
sċilling (accusative singular)
sċillingas (accusative plural)
sċillinges (genitive singular)
sċillinga (genitive plural)
sċillinge (dative singular)
sċillingum (dative plural)
sċylling (alternative)
sċill (alternative)

Laws of King Ine
Ðonne mon bēam on wuda forbǣrne, ⁊ weorðe yppe on þone ðe hit dȳde, ġielde hē fulwīte: ġeselle LX sċill., forþamþe fȳr bið þēof.

If a man burns up a tree in a forest, and it becomes known who did it, he shall pay a full fine: he shall pay sixty shillings, for fire is a thief.


hlæder

hlǣder (canonical feminine)
hlǣder (nominative singular)
hlǣdra (nominative plural)
hlǣdre (nominative plural)
hlǣdre (accusative singular)
hlǣdra (accusative plural)
hlǣdre (accusative plural)
hlǣdre (genitive singular)
hlǣdra (genitive plural)
hlǣdre (dative singular)
hlǣdrum (dative plural)
hlæder (alternative)
hlædder (alternative)

Middle English: laddre, ladder, laddere, laddir, ladre, ledder, leddre, leddyr, lheddre, læddræ, læddre, leaddre (Early Middle English)
English: ladder
Bislama: lada
Pijin: lada
Scots: ledder


laþgeteona

lāþġetēona (canonical masculine)
lāþġetēona (nominative singular)
lāþġetēonan (nominative plural)
lāþġetēonan (accusative singular)
lāþġetēonan (accusative plural)
lāþġetēonan (genitive singular)
lāþġetēonena (genitive plural)
lāþġetēonan (dative singular)
lāþġetēonum (dative plural)

Swa mec gelome laðgeteonan / þreatedon þearle.

So time and again the hostile fiends harassed me severely. (Beowulf, ll. 559-60)

(poetic) hated assailant, hostile attacker, enemy


manfordædla

mānfordǣdla (canonical masculine)
mānfordǣdla (nominative singular)
mānfordǣdlan (nominative plural)
mānfordǣdlan (accusative singular)
mānfordǣdlan (accusative plural)
mānfordǣdlan (genitive singular)
mānfordǣdlena (genitive plural)
mānfordǣdlan (dative singular)
mānfordǣdlum (dative plural)


sægrund

sǣgrund (canonical masculine)
sǣgrund (nominative singular)
sǣgrundas (nominative plural)
sǣgrund (accusative singular)
sǣgrundas (accusative plural)
sǣgrundes (genitive singular)
sǣgrunda (genitive plural)
sǣgrunde (dative singular)
sǣgrundum (dative plural)

English: sea-ground


yþlaf

ȳþlāf (canonical feminine)
ȳþlāf (nominative singular)
ȳþlāfa (nominative plural)
ȳþlāfe (nominative plural)
ȳþlāfe (accusative singular)
ȳþlāfa (accusative plural)
ȳþlāfe (accusative plural)
ȳþlāfe (genitive singular)
ȳþlāfa (genitive plural)
ȳþlāfe (dative singular)
ȳþlāfum (dative plural)

Beowulf, lines 565-566

but in the morning, wounded by swords / they lay up along the detritus on the shore

ac on mergenne mecum wunde / be yþlafe uppe lægon

what is left by the waves; detritus on the shore


fyllu

fyllu (nominative singular)
fylla (nominative plural)
fylle (nominative plural)
fylle (accusative singular)
fylla (accusative plural)
fylle (accusative plural)
fylle (genitive singular)
fylla (genitive plural)
fylle (dative singular)
fyllum (dative plural)
fyll (alternative)
fyllo (alternative)

desc

Middle English: fille, fell, felle, fil, fill, fyll, fylle; fulle, ffolle, folle, ful, volle, vulle

English: fill; full

Scots: full, fou

Yola: vill

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fullī, from Proto-Germanic *fullį̄, from *fullaz (“full”). Cognate with Old High German fulli (German Fülle), Old Norse fyllr (Swedish fylle).

inh+

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
Þū þe þyrstende wǣre mannes blōdes þrītiġ wintra, drinc nū þīne fylle.

You've been thirsting for human blood for 30 years; now drink your fill.


feld

feld (nominative singular)
felda (nominative plural)
feld (accusative singular)
felda (accusative plural)
felda (genitive singular)
felda (genitive plural)
felda (dative singular)
feldum (dative plural)
feld (nominative singular)
feldas (nominative plural)
feld (accusative singular)
feldas (accusative plural)
feldes (genitive singular)
felda (genitive plural)
felde (dative singular)
feldum (dative plural)
feald (alternative)

Middle English: feld, feeld

English: field

desc

Scots: fielth, felth, feilth, feld, feild

From Proto-West Germanic *felþu, from Proto-Germanic *felþuz. Cognate with Old Frisian feld, Old Saxon feld, Old High German feld.


heaþulac

heaþulāc (canonical neuter)
heaþulāc (nominative singular)
heaþulāc (nominative plural)
heaþulāc (accusative singular)
heaþulāc (accusative plural)
heaþulāces (genitive singular)
heaþulāca (genitive plural)
heaþulāce (dative singular)
heaþulācum (dative plural)
heaþolāc (alternative)

/ˈxæ͜ɑ.θuˌlɑːk/

[ˈhæ͜ɑ.ðuˌlɑːk]


heafodmæg

hēafodmǣġ (canonical masculine)
hēafodmǣġ (nominative singular)
hēafodmāgas (nominative plural)
hēafodmǣġ (accusative singular)
hēafodmāgas (accusative plural)
hēafodmǣġes (genitive singular)
hēafodmāga (genitive plural)
hēafodmǣġe (dative singular)
hēafodmāgum (dative plural)


sæcc

head

sæċċ f (nominative plural sæċċa or sæċċe)

sæċċ (canonical feminine)
sæċċa (nominative plural)
sæċċe (nominative plural)
sæċċ (nominative singular)
sæċċa (nominative plural)
sæċċe (nominative plural)
sæċċe (accusative singular)
sæċċa (accusative plural)
sæċċe (accusative plural)
sæċċe (genitive singular)
sæċċa (genitive plural)
sæċċe (dative singular)
sæċċum (dative plural)
sæċ (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *sakkju, from Proto-Germanic *sakjō (“accusation, lawsuit”).


sæcc

sæċċ (canonical masculine)
sæċċ (nominative singular)
sæċċas (nominative plural)
sæċċ (accusative singular)
sæċċas (accusative plural)
sæċċes (genitive singular)
sæċċa (genitive plural)
sæċċe (dative singular)
sæċċum (dative plural)

gl

merged with descendant of Old English <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">sacc</i>

Middle English: sak, sakke, sek, sekke, sach, sech, zech (merged with descendant of Old English sacc)

English: sack

Scots: seck

From Proto-West Germanic *sakku, *sakk, from Proto-Germanic *sakkuz, from Latin saccus.


eafoþ

eafoþ (nominative singular)
eafoþu (nominative plural)
eafoþ (accusative singular)
eafoþu (accusative plural)
eafoþes (genitive singular)
eafoþa (genitive plural)
eafoþe (dative singular)
eafoþum (dative plural)
eofoþ (alternative)


hleahtor

hleahtor (nominative singular)
hleahtras (nominative plural)
hleahtor (accusative singular)
hleahtras (accusative plural)
hleahtres (genitive singular)
hleahtra (genitive plural)
hleahtre (dative singular)
hleahtrum (dative plural)
hlehtor (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: laughter, lehter, lihter, leihter, lahter, leahter, hleiter, lauhtre, laghter, laȝter, lauȝter, laughtere, lauȝtere, laghtre, laughtre, leiȝtir, laȝtir, lauȝtur, laughtir
English: laughter
Scots: lachter, lauchter

From Proto-Germanic *hlahtraz. Cognate with Old High German lahtar, Old Norse hlátr.


fant

English: font


eþelweard

ēþelweard (canonical masculine)
ēþelweard (nominative singular)
ēþelweardas (nominative plural)
ēþelweard (accusative singular)
ēþelweardas (accusative plural)
ēþelweardes (genitive singular)
ēþelwearda (genitive plural)
ēþelwearde (dative singular)
ēþelweardum (dative plural)


mancynn

mancynn (nominative singular)
mancynn (accusative singular)
mancynnes (genitive singular)
mancynne (dative singular)

Middle English: mankin, mankun, mancun

English: mankin

From Proto-Germanic *manakunją. Cognate with Old Saxon mankunni, Old High German mancunni, and Old Norse mannkyn. Equivalent to mann (“human”) + cynn (“race”). Compare ielfcynn (“elfkind”) and entcynn (“giant-kind”), which are formed similarly.


sæbat

sǣbāt (canonical masculine)
sǣbāt (nominative singular)
sǣbātas (nominative plural)
sǣbāt (accusative singular)
sǣbātas (accusative plural)
sǣbātes (genitive singular)
sǣbāta (genitive plural)
sǣbāte (dative singular)
sǣbātum (dative plural)

English: seaboat


burse

burse (nominative singular)
bursan (nominative plural)
bursan (accusative singular)
bursan (accusative plural)
bursan (genitive singular)
bursena (genitive plural)
bursan (dative singular)
bursum (dative plural)


diepe

dīepe (canonical feminine)
dīepe (nominative singular)
dīepan (nominative plural)
dīepan (accusative singular)
dīepan (accusative plural)
dīepan (genitive singular)
dīepena (genitive plural)
dīepan (dative singular)
dīepum (dative plural)
dēpe (alternative)
dēope (alternative)
dīpe (alternative)
dȳpe (alternative)


apostol

apostol (nominative singular)
apostolas (nominative plural)
apostol (accusative singular)
apostolas (accusative plural)
apostoles (genitive singular)
apostola (genitive plural)
apostole (dative singular)
apostolum (dative plural)
apƚ (alternative)

Borrowed from Late Latin apostolus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστολος (apóstolos, “messenger, one sent forth”), from ἀποστέλλω (apostéllō, “I send off”), from ἀπό (apó, “from”) + στέλλω (stéllō, “I set”).

der

Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
Æfter þyssere sprǣċe cōmon ðā drȳmen, and hæfdon him mid tweġen ormǣte dracan, ðǣra orðung ācwealde þæt earme mennisċ: ac sē apostol Matheus þā dracan ġeswefode, and siððan of ðām lande adrǣfde, swā þæt hī næfre siððan þǣr ġesewene nǣron.

After this speech came the sorcerers, who had two enormous dragons which them, whose breath killed that poor man: but the apostle Matthew lulled the dragons to sleep, and then drove them from the land, so that they have never been seen there since.


ampre

ampre (nominative singular)
ampran (nominative plural)
ampran (accusative singular)
ampran (accusative plural)
ampran (genitive singular)
amprena (genitive plural)
ampran (dative singular)
amprum (dative plural)


endedæg

endedæġ (canonical masculine)
endedæġ (nominative singular)
endedagas (nominative plural)
endedæġ (accusative singular)
endedagas (accusative plural)
endedæġes (genitive singular)
endedaga (genitive plural)
endedæġe (dative singular)
endedagum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: ende-day, ende-dai, ende day, enddai, endeday, endedaȝȝ, endedæȝ, ende dei, ande-daiȝe (Early Middle English)
English: end-day (obsolete)
Scots: end-day (obsolete)


wordhord

wordhord (nominative singular)
wordhord (nominative plural)
wordhord (accusative singular)
wordhord (accusative plural)
wordhordes (genitive singular)
wordhorda (genitive plural)
wordhorde (dative singular)
wordhordum (dative plural)

→ English: wordhoard (calque)


apostata

head

apostata m (nominative plural apostatan)

apostatan (nominative plural)
apostata (nominative singular)
apostatan (nominative plural)
apostatan (accusative singular)
apostatan (accusative plural)
apostatan (genitive singular)
apostatena (genitive plural)
apostatan (dative singular)
apostatum (dative plural)

From Latin apostata, from Ancient Greek ἀποστάτης (apostátēs).


swær

swǣr (canonical neuter)
swār (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *swār, from Proto-Germanic *swēraz.
Cognate with Old Frisian swere (West Frisian swier), Old Saxon swār, Middle Dutch swaer (Dutch zwaar), Old High German swāri (German schwer), Old Norse svárr (Swedish svår). The noun appears to derive from the adjective.


binne

inflection of binn:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of binn:
genitive/dative singular


æþel

ǣþel (canonical masculine)
ǣþel (nominative singular)
ǣþelas (nominative plural)
ǣþel (accusative singular)
ǣþelas (accusative plural)
ǣþeles (genitive singular)
ǣþela (genitive plural)
ǣþele (dative singular)
ǣþelum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *ōþil (“homeland”) from Proto-Germanic *ōþalą. Cognate with Old Saxon oðil, Old Frisian ethel, Old High German uodil, Old Norse óðal.

homeland (ancestral territory) Alternative form of ēþel


eodor

eodor (nominative singular)
eodoras (nominative plural)
eodor (accusative singular)
eodoras (accusative plural)
eodores (genitive singular)
eodora (genitive plural)
eodore (dative singular)
eodorum (dative plural)


hafela

hafelan (nominative plural)
hafela (nominative singular)
hafelan (nominative plural)
hafelan (accusative singular)
hafelan (accusative plural)
hafelan (genitive singular)
hafelena (genitive plural)
hafelan (dative singular)
hafelum (dative plural)
hafala (alternative)
heafola (alternative)
heafela (alternative)
hafola (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *habulō. Compare Old Frisian heila and holla (“head”).


drihten

drihten (nominative singular)
drihtnas (nominative plural)
drihten (accusative singular)
drihtnas (accusative plural)
drihtnes (genitive singular)
drihtna (genitive plural)
drihtne (dative singular)
drihtnum (dative plural)


gielpword

ġielpword (canonical neuter)
ġielpword (nominative singular)
ġielpword (nominative plural)
ġielpword (accusative singular)
ġielpword (accusative plural)
ġielpwordes (genitive singular)
ġielpworda (genitive plural)
ġielpworde (dative singular)
ġielpwordum (dative plural)
ġylpword (alternative)


fæhþe

inflection of fǣhþu:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of fǣhþu:
nominative/accusative/genitive plural


caser

cāser (canonical masculine)
cāser (nominative singular)
cāseras (nominative plural)
cāser (accusative singular)
cāseras (accusative plural)
cāseres (genitive singular)
cāsera (genitive plural)
cāsere (dative singular)
cāserum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *kaisar, from Latin Caesar. The original, older spelling of cāsere.


metod

metod (nominative singular)
metodas (nominative plural)
metod (accusative singular)
metodas (accusative plural)
metodes (genitive singular)
metoda (genitive plural)
metode (dative singular)
metodum (dative plural)
meted (alternative)
metud (alternative)
meotod (alternative)
meotud (alternative)

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *metōduz, from Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to measure”). The word may originally have indicated "fate, destiny". Compare Old Saxon metod (“creator, God”), Old Norse mjǫtuðr (“God; fate”).

der

(rare, usually in compounds) fate, destiny; death

Oft him ānhaga · āre gebīdeð,
Metudes miltse, · þēah þe hē mōdċeariġ

A loner oft waits a grace for himself,
Creator's mercy, even if he is sorrowful


pipere

pīpere (canonical masculine)
pīpere (nominative singular)
pīperas (nominative plural)
pīpere (accusative singular)
pīperas (accusative plural)
pīperes (genitive singular)
pīpera (genitive plural)
pīpere (dative singular)
pīperum (dative plural)

English: piper


cin

1876, "C" in the Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., Vol. IV, p. 616

Our English ch (pronounced tch) for original c (as in chin for Old English cin, child for cild) is due probably to Norman influence, but here, as often, it is difficult to differentiate the results of the many disturbing causes which have operated upon our language.
(please add an English translation of this quotation)


ælfadl

ælfādl (canonical feminine)
ælfādl (nominative singular)
ælfādla (nominative plural)
ælfādle (nominative plural)
ælfādle (accusative singular)
ælfādla (accusative plural)
ælfādle (accusative plural)
ælfādle (genitive singular)
ælfādla (genitive plural)
ælfādle (dative singular)
ælfādlum (dative plural)


adl

ādl (canonical feminine)
ādl (nominative singular)
ādla (nominative plural)
ādle (nominative plural)
ādle (accusative singular)
ādla (accusative plural)
ādle (accusative plural)
ādle (genitive singular)
ādla (genitive plural)
ādle (dative singular)
ādlum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: adle, adl, alde, odle
English: adle

From Proto-Germanic *aidlō, *aidlaz (“burning, fever, disease”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ- (“to burn, shine”). Cognate with Middle Low German ādel (“ulcer, wound, sore”).

cog

late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
⁊ he ðǣr on Eoforwīcċeastre ādle forðferde;


anga

anga (nominative plural)
anga (nominative singular)
angan (nominative plural)
angan (accusative singular)
angan (accusative plural)
angan (genitive singular)
angena (genitive plural)
angan (dative singular)
angum (dative plural)
onga (alternative)

gl

perhaps merged with Old English <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">ange</i> (“narrow, tight, anxious, vexed”, adj)

>? Middle English: ange (“pain, trouble, grief”) (perhaps merged with Old English ange (“narrow, tight, anxious, vexed”, adj))

From Proto-West Germanic *angō, from Proto-Germanic *angô.


stiga

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of stīg


benna

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of benn


benne

inflection of benn:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of benn:
nominative/accusative plural


gled

glēd (canonical feminine)
glēd (nominative singular)
glēde (nominative plural)
glēda (nominative plural)
glēd (accusative singular)
glēde (accusative singular)
glēde (accusative plural)
glēda (accusative plural)
glēde (genitive singular)
glēda (genitive plural)
glēde (dative singular)
glēdum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: glede, gleede
English: glede, glead, gleed
Scots: gleed, gleid

From Proto-Germanic *glōdiz (“incandescence, glowing ember, burning ash”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”). Cognate with Scots gleed (“burning coal, ember”), Saterland Frisian Gloud (“blaze, fire”), Dutch gloed (“glow, blaze”), German Glut (“ember”), Scots glude (“glow from a fire”).

der

Iċ eom līġbysiġ, lāce mid winde, bewunden mid wuldre, wedre ġesomnad, fūs forðweġes, fȳre ġemelted, bearu blōwende, byrnende glēd.

I am busy with fire, sway with wind, wrapped with worship, gathered in good weather, ready to go forward, melted by fire, a blooming grove, a burning ember.

burning or live coal, gleed, ember, fire, flame, spark


flyge

Middle English: fleye


lippa

lippa (nominative singular)
lippan (nominative plural)
lippan (accusative singular)
lippan (accusative plural)
lippan (genitive singular)
lippena (genitive plural)
lippan (dative singular)
lippum (dative plural)
lippe (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: lippe
English: lip
Scots: lip
→ Middle Welsh: llippa
Welsh: llipa

heora tungan and lippan


sporan

inflection of spora:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of spora:
genitive/dative singular


byge

byġe (canonical masculine)
byġe (nominative singular)
byġas (nominative plural)
byġe (accusative singular)
byġas (accusative plural)
byġes (genitive singular)
byġa (genitive plural)
byġe (dative singular)
byġum (dative plural)
biġe (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *bugī, from Proto-Germanic *bugiz. Cognate with Old High German *bugi (attested in the compound umbibugi) and Old Norse bugr → Icelandic bugur.


masc

masċ (canonical neuter)
masċ (nominative singular)
masċ (nominative plural)
masċ (accusative singular)
masċ (accusative plural)
masċes (genitive singular)
masċa (genitive plural)
masċe (dative singular)
masċum (dative plural)
max (alternative)

English: mesh

From Proto-West Germanic *maskā, from Proto-Germanic *maskwǭ (“mask”).


masc

māsċ (canonical neuter)
māsċ (nominative singular)
māsċ (nominative plural)
māsċ (accusative singular)
māsċ (accusative plural)
māsċes (genitive singular)
māsċa (genitive plural)
māsċe (dative singular)
māsċum (dative plural)
māx (alternative)
mǣsċ (alternative)

English: mash

From Proto-West Germanic *maisk, Proto-Germanic *maiską (“mixture, mash”).


sware

inflection of swaru:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of swaru:
genitive/dative singular


hlæw

hlǣw (canonical masculine)
hlǣw (nominative singular)
hlǣwas (nominative plural)
hlǣw (accusative singular)
hlǣwas (accusative plural)
hlǣwes (genitive singular)
hlǣwa (genitive plural)
hlǣwe (dative singular)
hlǣwum (dative plural)
hlāw (alternative)

Middle English: lawe, lowe

English: low, law, -low, -slow

Scots: law

⇒ English: Lewes (placename)

From Proto-West Germanic *hlaiw, from Proto-Germanic *hlaiwą, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱloy-wo-m, from *ḱley- (“shelter, cover”). Cognate with Proto-Norse ᚺᛚᚨᛁᚹᚨ (hlaiwa).


hramsa

hramsa (nominative singular)
hramsan (nominative plural)
hramsan (accusative singular)
hramsan (accusative plural)
hramsan (genitive singular)
hramsena (genitive plural)
hramsan (dative singular)
hramsum (dative plural)
hromsa (alternative)
hramse (alternative)
ramesa (alternative)

desc

Middle English: ramson, ramsoun, rameson, ramesen, rampson, rampsoun

English: ramson, buckrams, rams, ramps (dialectal)

Scots: ramps, ramsh

Allium ursinum
Allium ursinum#Translingual

garlic, ramsons, wild garlic, Allium ursinum


mealwe

mealwe (nominative singular)
mealwan (nominative plural)
mealwan (accusative singular)
mealwan (accusative plural)
mealwan (genitive singular)
mealwena (genitive plural)
mealwan (dative singular)
mealwum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: malwe
English: mallow
>? Scots: maw


fifealde

fīfealde (canonical feminine)
fīfealde (nominative singular)
fīfealdan (nominative plural)
fīfealdan (accusative singular)
fīfealdan (accusative plural)
fīfealdan (genitive singular)
fīfealdena (genitive plural)
fīfealdan (dative singular)
fīfealdum (dative plural)


scearseax

sċearseax (canonical neuter)
sċearseax (nominative singular)
sċearseax (nominative plural)
sċearseax (accusative singular)
sċearseax (accusative plural)
sċearseaxes (genitive singular)
sċearseaxa (genitive plural)
sċearseaxe (dative singular)
sċearseaxum (dative plural)

/ˈʃæ͜ɑrˌsæ͜ɑks/

Probably an alteration of sċierseax (literally “shave knife”), replacing the first element with sċēara (“scissors”).


Crist

Crist (nominative singular)
Crist (accusative singular)
Cristes (genitive singular)
Criste (dative singular)
Krist (alternative)
ᛣᚱᛁᛋᛏ (alternative)

Middle English: Crist, Cryst, Criste, Cryste, Kryst, Christ, Crest (in compound)
English: Christ
Scots: Christ
Yola: Cresst

From Latin Christus, from Ancient Greek Χριστός (Khristós, “Christ, the Messiah”, literally “the anointed one”), from χρῑ́ω (khrī́ō, “to anoint; to rub, smear”) (from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrey- (“to smear”)) + -τός (-tós, suffix forming adjectives).

der

ᛣᚱᛁᛋᛏᚹᚫᛋᚩᚾᚱᚩᛞᛁᚻᚹᛖᚦᚱᚫᚦᛖᚱᚠᚢᛋᚫᚠᛠᚱᚱᚪᚾᛣᚹᚩᛗᚢᚫᚦᚦᛁᛚᚫᛏᛁᛚᚪᚾᚢᛗ

Christ was on the cross, yet there in haste from afar came noble men unto him.

Krist wæs on rōdi, hweþræ þēr fūsæ fearran kwōmu æþþilæ til ānum.


eorþan

eordæn (alternative)
eorðæn (alternative)
eorþæn (alternative)
eorðen (alternative)


hosa

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of hōs


beacen

bēacen (canonical neuter)
bēacen (nominative singular)
bēacnu (nominative plural)
bēacen (accusative singular)
bēacnu (accusative plural)
bēacnes (genitive singular)
bēacna (genitive plural)
bēacne (dative singular)
bēacnum (dative plural)


reordberend

reordberend (nominative singular)
reordberend (nominative plural)
reordberende (nominative plural)
reordberendas (nominative plural)
reordberend (accusative singular)
reordberend (accusative plural)
reordberende (accusative plural)
reordberendas (accusative plural)
reordberendes (genitive singular)
reordberendra (genitive plural)
reordberende (dative singular)
reordberendum (dative plural)


siden

siden (nominative singular)
sidenna (nominative plural)
sidenne (nominative plural)
sidenne (accusative singular)
sidenna (accusative plural)
sidenne (accusative plural)
sidenne (genitive singular)
sidenna (genitive plural)
sidenne (dative singular)
sidennum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *sidinjō (“magic”), derived from *sīþaną (“to use magic”). The same root led to the Old Norse words seiðr (“magic”) and siða (“to use magic”).


foldan

accusative/genitive/dative singular of folde


wanan

inflection of wana:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of wana:
genitive/dative singular


bleo

blēo (canonical neuter)
blēo (nominative singular)
blēo (nominative plural)
blēo (accusative singular)
blēo (accusative plural)
blēowes (genitive singular)
blēos (genitive singular)
blēowa (genitive plural)
blēowe (dative singular)
blēo (dative singular)
blēom (dative plural)
bleoh (alternative)
blīo (alternative)
blioh (alternative)

Middle English: bleo, ble, blee

Scots: ble, blee, blie

English: blee, bly

Ne meahte nān mann seċġan hwelċes blēos hē sīe.


mihte

inflection of miht:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of miht:
nominative/accusative plural


gesihþ

ġesihþ (canonical feminine)
ġesihþ (nominative singular)
ġesihþa (nominative plural)
ġesihþe (nominative plural)
ġesihþe (accusative singular)
ġesihþa (accusative plural)
ġesihþe (accusative plural)
ġesihþe (genitive singular)
ġesihþa (genitive plural)
ġesihþe (dative singular)
ġesihþum (dative plural)
gesiht (alternative)

Middle English: i-sight