nicera

genitive plural of nicer, Alternative form of nicor


feorhlastas

nominative/accusative plural of feorhlāst


cynegyrd

cyneġyrd (canonical feminine)
cyneġyrd (nominative singular)
cyneġyrde (nominative plural)
cyneġyrda (nominative plural)
cyneġyrd (accusative singular)
cyneġyrde (accusative singular)
cyneġyrde (accusative plural)
cyneġyrda (accusative plural)
cyneġyrde (genitive singular)
cyneġyrda (genitive plural)
cyneġyrde (dative singular)
cyneġyrdum (dative plural)


cynegeard

cyneġeard (canonical feminine)
cyneġeard (nominative singular)
cyneġearda (nominative plural)
cyneġearde (nominative plural)
cyneġearde (accusative singular)
cyneġearda (accusative plural)
cyneġearde (accusative plural)
cyneġearde (genitive singular)
cyneġearda (genitive plural)
cyneġearde (dative singular)
cyneġeardum (dative plural)

From cyne- + ġeard (“rod, wand, staff”).


gyrd

ġyrd (canonical feminine)
ġyrd (nominative singular)
ġyrda (nominative plural)
ġyrde (nominative plural)
ġyrde (accusative singular)
ġyrda (accusative plural)
ġyrde (accusative plural)
ġyrde (genitive singular)
ġyrda (genitive plural)
ġyrde (dative singular)
ġyrdum (dative plural)


hogu

hogu (nominative singular)
hoga (nominative plural)
hoge (nominative plural)
hoge (accusative singular)
hoga (accusative plural)
hoge (accusative plural)
hoge (genitive singular)
hoga (genitive plural)
hoge (dative singular)
hogum (dative plural)

gl

merged with descendant of Old English <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">hoga</i>

Middle English: hoȝe, howe (merged with descendant of Old English hoga)

English: how

From Proto-West Germanic *hugu. Cognate with Middle High German huge, hoge (“spirit, mind, courage”).


nihthelm

nihthelm (nominative singular)
nihthelmas (nominative plural)
nihthelm (accusative singular)
nihthelmas (accusative plural)
nihthelmes (genitive singular)
nihthelma (genitive plural)
nihthelme (dative singular)
nihthelmum (dative plural)

genap under nihthelm


sæsnægl

sǣsnæġl (canonical masculine)
sǣsnæġl (nominative singular)
sǣsnæġlas (nominative plural)
sǣsnæġl (accusative singular)
sǣsnæġlas (accusative plural)
sǣsnæġles (genitive singular)
sǣsnæġla (genitive plural)
sǣsnæġle (dative singular)
sǣsnæġlum (dative plural)
sǣsnǣl (alternative)
sǣsnæġel (alternative)

Middle English: *se-snail

English: seasnail, sea snail


hylc

hylċ (canonical masculine)
hylċ (nominative singular)
hylċas (nominative plural)
hylċ (accusative singular)
hylċas (accusative plural)
hylċes (genitive singular)
hylċa (genitive plural)
hylċe (dative singular)
hylċum (dative plural)
hilċ (alternative)

Middle English: *hulch

English: hulch (dialectal)

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-West Germanic *hulhik, variant of *holhuk (“hollow, cavity”). Alternatively, perhaps equivalent to hylu + -uc. Compare dialectal Norwegian hylke (“wooden barrel”).


folan

inflection of fola:
nominative/accusative plural

inflection of fola:
accusative/genitive/dative singular


holoc

holoc (nominative singular)
holocas (nominative plural)
holoc (accusative singular)
holocas (accusative plural)
holoces (genitive singular)
holoca (genitive plural)
holoce (dative singular)
holocum (dative plural)
holoc (nominative singular)
holoc (nominative plural)
holoc (accusative singular)
holoc (accusative plural)
holoces (genitive singular)
holoca (genitive plural)
holoce (dative singular)
holocum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *holhuk, *hulhic, from Proto-Germanic *hulhukaz (“something hollow or hollowed out, cavity”), equivalent to holh + -oc.

inh

Alternative form of holc (“hollow, cavity”)


healoc

healoc (nominative singular)
healocas (nominative plural)
healoc (accusative singular)
healocas (accusative plural)
healoces (genitive singular)
healoca (genitive plural)
healoce (dative singular)
healocum (dative plural)
healc (alternative)

Middle English: halk, halke

From Proto-West Germanic *halhuk, equivalent to healh + -oc. Cognate with Middle Low German hallik (“cavity, hollow space between a kiln and oven”). Compare also Middle Low German hallig, hallich, halg, halch (“land beyond or unprotected by a dike, low-lying island”).

cog

A little corner or recess; concavity; nook.


healc

healc (nominative singular)
healcas (nominative plural)
healc (accusative singular)
healcas (accusative plural)
healces (genitive singular)
healca (genitive plural)
healce (dative singular)
healcum (dative plural)


hilċ

hilċ (nominative singular)
hilċas (nominative plural)
hilċ (accusative singular)
hilċas (accusative plural)
hilċes (genitive singular)
hilċa (genitive plural)
hilċe (dative singular)
hilċum (dative plural)


holg

holg (nominative singular)
holg (nominative plural)
holg (accusative singular)
holg (accusative plural)
hōles (genitive singular)
hōla (genitive plural)
hōle (dative singular)
hōlum (dative plural)

Alternative form of holh (“hollow, hole”)


wealas

/ˈwæ͜ɑː.lɑs/


hranrade

inflection of hranrād:
nominative/accusative plural

inflection of hranrād:
accusative/genitive/dative singular


æfendream

ǣfendrēam (canonical masculine)
ǣfendrēam (nominative singular)
ǣfendrēamas (nominative plural)
ǣfendrēam (accusative singular)
ǣfendrēamas (accusative plural)
ǣfendrēames (genitive singular)
ǣfendrēama (genitive plural)
ǣfendrēame (dative singular)
ǣfendrēamum (dative plural)


æfengebed

ǣfenġebed (canonical masculine)
ǣfenġebed (nominative singular)
ǣfenġebedu (nominative plural)
ǣfenġebed (accusative singular)
ǣfenġebedu (accusative plural)
ǣfenġebedes (genitive singular)
ǣfenġebeda (genitive plural)
ǣfenġebede (dative singular)
ǣfenġebedum (dative plural)


fugoloþ

fugoloþ (nominative singular)
fugoloþas (nominative plural)
fugoloþ (accusative singular)
fugoloþas (accusative plural)
fugoloþes (genitive singular)
fugoloþa (genitive plural)
fugoloþe (dative singular)
fugoloþum (dative plural)

Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
Him becōmon ēac swā miċele welan tō handa, þæt his bīġleofa wæs ælċe dæġ mid his hīrede þrittiġ mittan clǣnes melowes, and sixtiġ mittan ōðres melowes, twelf fætte oxan, and twēntiġ feldoxan, hundtēontiġ weðera, buton huntoðe and fugoloðe and ġemæstra fugela.

And so much wealth came into his hands that every day he and his household consumed thirty mittas of clean meal, sixty mittas of other meal, twelve fat oxen, twenty field-oxen, and one hundred wethers, not counting the sustenance from hunting, fowling, or fattened birds.


earc

The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
Sē wæs ġeboren on þǣre earce Noēs...
He was born aboard Noah's ark...


colnes

cōlnes (canonical feminine)
cōlnes (nominative singular)
cōlnessa (nominative plural)
cōlnesse (nominative plural)
cōlnesse (accusative singular)
cōlnessa (accusative plural)
cōlnesse (accusative plural)
cōlnesse (genitive singular)
cōlnessa (genitive plural)
cōlnesse (dative singular)
cōlnessum (dative plural)
cōlness (alternative)

Middle English: colnesse

English: coolness


celnes

cēlnes (canonical feminine)
cēlnes (nominative singular)
cēlnessa (nominative plural)
cēlnesse (nominative plural)
cēlnesse (accusative singular)
cēlnessa (accusative plural)
cēlnesse (accusative plural)
cēlnesse (genitive singular)
cēlnessa (genitive plural)
cēlnesse (dative singular)
cēlnessum (dative plural)
cœ̄lnes (alternative)
coelnes (alternative)
cēlness (alternative)
cœ̄lness (alternative)
coelness (alternative)


ielfe

inflection of ielf:
nominative/accusative plural


seglgyrd

seġlġyrd (canonical feminine masculine)
seġlġyrd (nominative singular)
seġlġyrdas (nominative plural)
seġlġyrd (accusative singular)
seġlġyrdas (accusative plural)
seġlġyrdes (genitive singular)
seġlġyrda (genitive plural)
seġlġyrde (dative singular)
seġlġyrdum (dative plural)
seġlġyrd (nominative singular)
seġlġyrda (nominative plural)
seġlġyrde (nominative plural)
seġlġyrde (accusative singular)
seġlġyrda (accusative plural)
seġlġyrde (accusative plural)
seġlġyrde (genitive singular)
seġlġyrda (genitive plural)
seġlġyrde (dative singular)
seġlġyrdum (dative plural)
seġlġærd (alternative)
seġelġyrd (alternative)
seġlġird (alternative)

desc

Middle English: seilȝerd, seylȝerd, sailȝerd, saylyerde

English: sailyard

From the fusion of Proto-West Germanic *seglagaʀdī and *seglagaʀd; equivalent to seġl + ġierd and seġl + ġeard respectively. Cognate with Old Saxon segalgard, segelgerd, Old Dutch segilgerda, Old High German segalgerta.


ambehtsmiþ

ambehtsmiþ (nominative singular)
ambehtsmiþas (nominative plural)
ambehtsmiþ (accusative singular)
ambehtsmiþas (accusative plural)
ambehtsmiþes (genitive singular)
ambehtsmiþa (genitive plural)
ambehtsmiþe (dative singular)
ambehtsmiþum (dative plural)
ambihtsmiþ (alternative)


sibsumness

sibsumness (nominative singular)
sibsumnessa (nominative plural)
sibsumnesse (nominative plural)
sibsumnesse (accusative singular)
sibsumnessa (accusative plural)
sibsumnesse (accusative plural)
sibsumnesse (genitive singular)
sibsumnessa (genitive plural)
sibsumnesse (dative singular)
sibsumnessum (dative plural)


spatl

spātl (canonical neuter)
spātl (nominative singular)
spātlu (nominative plural)
spātl (accusative singular)
spātlu (accusative plural)
spātles (genitive singular)
spātla (genitive plural)
spātle (dative singular)
spātlum (dative plural)
spāþl (alternative)
spādl (alternative)
spāld (alternative)

English: spattle, spittle


scitte

sċitte (canonical feminine)
sċitte (nominative singular)
sċittan (nominative plural)
sċittan (accusative singular)
sċittan (accusative plural)
sċittan (genitive singular)
sċittena (genitive plural)
sċittan (dative singular)
sċittum (dative plural)

Middle English: shitte, schite, schit

English: shit

Scots: schit, shit


scitel

Middle English: shitel, scytel

From Proto-West Germanic *skitil, diminutive of Proto-West Germanic *skiti, from Proto-Germanic *skitiz.

Nim heortes sċytel and cnuca tō duste


stofu

stofu (nominative singular)
stofa (nominative plural)
stofe (nominative plural)
stofe (accusative singular)
stofa (accusative plural)
stofe (accusative plural)
stofe (genitive singular)
stofa (genitive plural)
stofe (dative singular)
stofum (dative plural)
*stufu (alternative)

q

Middle English: stuve, stufe, stuphe (spelling influenced by Medieval Latin stūpha)

English: stove (merged with a borrowing from Middle Dutch and/or Middle Low German)

Scots: stove, stofe, stoif, stoff

desctree

⇒ Old English: stufbæþ
Middle English: stufbæþ, stufbaþe


stufbæþ

stufbæþ (nominative singular)
stufbaþu (nominative plural)
stufbæþ (accusative singular)
stufbaþu (accusative plural)
stufbæþes (genitive singular)
stufbaþa (genitive plural)
stufbæþe (dative singular)
stufbaþum (dative plural)

Middle English: stufbæþ, stufbaþe


mycge

myċġe (canonical feminine)
myċġe (nominative singular)
myċġan (nominative plural)
myċġan (accusative singular)
myċġan (accusative plural)
myċġan (genitive singular)
myċġena (genitive plural)
myċġan (dative singular)
myċġum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *muggjā, from Proto-Germanic *mugjǭ.


calwa

calwa (nominative singular)
calwan (nominative plural)
calwan (accusative singular)
calwan (accusative plural)
calwan (genitive singular)
calwena (genitive plural)
calwan (dative singular)
calwum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *kalwā, from Proto-Germanic *kalwǭ (“baldness”). Equivalent to calu + -a.


hwatu

hwatu (nominative singular)
hwate (nominative plural)
hwata (nominative plural)
hwate (accusative singular)
hwate (accusative plural)
hwata (accusative plural)
hwate (genitive singular)
hwata (genitive plural)
hwatena (genitive plural)
hwate (dative singular)
hwatum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: whate, ȝwate, quate, qwate, wate, what, hwate (Early Middle English)

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hwatu (“warning”), from Proto-Germanic *hwatō (“incitement”); compare Old Norse hvǫt.


cynedom

cynedōm (canonical masculine)
cynedōm (nominative singular)
cynedōmas (nominative plural)
cynedōm (accusative singular)
cynedōmas (accusative plural)
cynedōmes (genitive singular)
cynedōma (genitive plural)
cynedōme (dative singular)
cynedōmum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: kinedom, coindam, kendame, kenedom, kindam, kindome, kymdam, kyndam, kyndame, kyndham, kyndom, kynedam, kynedom, cune-dom, cynedom (Early Middle English)
English: kindom (Yorkshire, obsolete)
Middle Scots: kindom

From cyne- (“royal”) + -dōm (abstract nominal suffix).


scep

sċēp (canonical neuter)
sċēp (nominative singular)
sċēp (nominative plural)
sċēp (accusative singular)
sċēp (accusative plural)
sċēpes (genitive singular)
sċēpa (genitive plural)
sċēpe (dative singular)
sċēpum (dative plural)


stodhors

stōdhors (canonical neuter)
stōdhors (nominative singular)
stōdhors (nominative plural)
stōdhors (accusative singular)
stōdhors (accusative plural)
stōdhorses (genitive singular)
stōdhorsa (genitive plural)
stōdhorse (dative singular)
stōdhorsum (dative plural)

Middle English: *stodehors, *studhors

English: studhorse

From Proto-West Germanic *stōdahross (“breeding horse”), equivalent to stōd + hors. Cognate with Old High German stuotros.


hnite

inflection of hnitu:
nominative/accusative plural

inflection of hnitu:
genitive/dative singular


fleding

flēding (canonical feminine)
flēding (nominative singular)
flēdinga (nominative plural)
flēdinge (nominative plural)
flēdinge (accusative singular)
flēdinga (accusative plural)
flēdinge (accusative plural)
flēdinge (genitive singular)
flēdinga (genitive plural)
flēdinge (dative singular)
flēdingum (dative plural)


westene

inflection of wēsten:
dative/genitive singular

inflection of wēsten:
accusative singular/plural


edwinde

edwinde (nominative singular)
edwindan (nominative plural)
edwindan (accusative singular)
edwindan (accusative plural)
edwindan (genitive singular)
edwindena (genitive plural)
edwindan (dative singular)
edwindum (dative plural)
edwind (nominative singular)
edwinda (nominative plural)
edwinde (nominative plural)
edwinde (accusative singular)
edwinda (accusative plural)
edwinde (accusative plural)
edwinde (genitive singular)
edwinda (genitive plural)
edwinde (dative singular)
edwindum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *idwindā, from Proto-Germanic *idiwindǭ, or derived from Proto-Germanic *idiwindaną. Equivalent to ed- + winde.


calwer

calwer (nominative singular)
calweras (nominative plural)
calwer (accusative singular)
calweras (accusative plural)
calweres (genitive singular)
calwera (genitive plural)
calwere (dative singular)
calwerum (dative plural)
cealer (alternative)
cealre (alternative)

desctree

⇒ Middle English: calver, calvar, calvur
English: calver
Scots: caller

Unknown; possibly from Proto-Germanic *kalwaz (see sigor, salor or telgor for similar examples), or Proto-Germanic *kalwaraz, possibly from a metathetic form of *glew- (“to ball up; clump; stick”). Compare also Swedish kalvdans and Norwegian Nynorsk kalvedans.


heofen

heofen (nominative singular)
heofenas (nominative plural)
heofen (accusative singular)
heofenas (accusative plural)
heofenes (genitive singular)
heofena (genitive plural)
heofene (dative singular)
heofenum (dative plural)
heofen (nominative singular)
heofena (nominative plural)
heofene (nominative plural)
heofene (accusative singular)
heofena (accusative plural)
heofene (accusative plural)
heofene (genitive singular)
heofena (genitive plural)
heofene (dative singular)
heofenum (dative plural)


hæfene

hæfene (nominative singular)
hæfenan (nominative plural)
hæfenan (accusative singular)
hæfenan (accusative plural)
hæfenan (genitive singular)
hæfenena (genitive plural)
hæfenan (dative singular)
hæfenum (dative plural)


hefen

hefen (nominative singular)
hefenas (nominative plural)
hefen (accusative singular)
hefenas (accusative plural)
hefenes (genitive singular)
hefena (genitive plural)
hefene (dative singular)
hefenum (dative plural)
hefen (nominative singular)
hefena (nominative plural)
hefene (nominative plural)
hefene (accusative singular)
hefena (accusative plural)
hefene (accusative plural)
hefene (genitive singular)
hefena (genitive plural)
hefene (dative singular)
hefenum (dative plural)


hohsinu

hōhsinu (nominative singular)
hōhsina (nominative plural)
hōhsine (nominative plural)
hōhsine (accusative singular)
hōhsina (accusative plural)
hōhsine (accusative plural)
hōhsine (genitive singular)
hōhsina (genitive plural)
hōhsine (dative singular)
hōhsinum (dative plural)
hōhsino (alternative)

often remodelled after <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm">schyne</i> "shin"

Middle English: hokschyne, *hoxene (often remodelled after schyne "shin")
English: huxen, huckson, huxon, huckshin, hucksheen (influenced by shin) (dialectal, obsolete)

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄hasinu, from Proto-Germanic *hanhasinwō; equivalent to hōh (“heel”) + sinu (“sinew”).


cræt

cratu (nominative plural)
cræt (nominative singular)
cratu (nominative plural)
cræt (accusative singular)
cratu (accusative plural)
crætes (genitive singular)
crata (genitive plural)
cræte (dative singular)
cratum (dative plural)
crat (alternative)
ċeart (alternative)
ċert (alternative)
cært (alternative)

gl

merged with Old Norse <i class="Latn mention" lang="non">kartr</i>

Middle English: cart, kert, cheart (merged with Old Norse kartr)

English: cart

Scots: kart, kairt, keart, kert

desc

>? Middle English: crete (“crib, cradle”) (< Old English *cret ?)

From Proto-West Germanic *krat (“basket, crate”), from Proto-Germanic *kradô (“(wicker) basket”).

inh

Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
Fēower hund and ðūsend cræta hē hæfde, and twelf ðūsend riddena; þrēo ðūsend biġspella hē ġesette, and fīf ðūsend lēoða; and asmēade bē ǣlċum trēowcynne, fram ðām hēagan ċederbēame, oðpæt hē cōm tō ðǣre lȳtlan ysopan. Ēac swylċe bē nȳtenum, and fixum, and fugelum hē smēade, and of eallum lēodum cōmon menn tō ġehȳrenne Salomones wīsdōm.

He had one thousand, four hundred chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen; he composed three thousand proverbs, and five thousand songs; and he contemplated every kind of tree, from the tall cedar, to the little hyssop. Likewise, he contemplated animals, and fish, and birds, and people came from every tribe in order to hear Solomon's wisdom.


cræsta

cræstan (nominative plural)
cræsta (nominative singular)
cræstan (nominative plural)
cræstan (accusative singular)
cræstan (accusative plural)
cræstan (genitive singular)
cræstena (genitive plural)
cræstan (dative singular)
cræstum (dative plural)

gl

>? Middle English: creste (generally derived solely from Old French)

English: crest

Scots: creste, creist, creast

From Vulgar Latin *cresta, from Latin crista.


þuf

þūf (canonical masculine)
þūfas (nominative plural)
þūf (nominative singular)
þūfas (nominative plural)
þūf (accusative singular)
þūfas (accusative plural)
þūfes (genitive singular)
þūfa (genitive plural)
þūfe (dative singular)
þūfum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *þūb, from Proto-Germanic *þūbaz. Related to Proto-Germanic *þūbǭ (“hillock”).

a type of standard or banner, bearing tufts or feathers


þyfel

þȳfel (canonical masculine)
þȳfelas (nominative plural)
þȳfel (nominative singular)
þȳfelas (nominative plural)
þȳfel (accusative singular)
þȳfelas (accusative plural)
þȳfeles (genitive singular)
þȳfela (genitive plural)
þȳfele (dative singular)
þȳfelum (dative plural)

Middle English: *thevel, theve

⇒ Middle English: þefþorne

⇒ Middle English: thaveley

From Proto-West Germanic *þūbil, equivalent to þūf + -el.


þuft

þūft (canonical masculine)
þūftas (nominative plural)
þūft (nominative singular)
þūftas (nominative plural)
þūft (accusative singular)
þūftas (accusative plural)
þūftes (genitive singular)
þūfta (genitive plural)
þūfte (dative singular)
þūftum (dative plural)

Possibly from earlier *þūfþ, *þūfuþ, derived from þūfian (“to become bushy”) + -uþ.


fiþelestre

head

fiþelestre f (nominative plural fiþelestran)

fiþelestran (nominative plural)
fiþelestre (nominative singular)
fiþelestran (nominative plural)
fiþelestran (accusative singular)
fiþelestran (accusative plural)
fiþelestran (genitive singular)
fiþelestrena (genitive plural)
fiþelestran (dative singular)
fiþelestrum (dative plural)


modes hiwung

mōdes hīwung (canonical feminine)
mōdes hīwung (nominative singular)
mōdes hīwunga (nominative plural)
mōdes hīwunge (nominative plural)
mōdes hīwunge (accusative singular)
mōdes hīwunga (accusative plural)
mōdes hīwunge (accusative plural)
mōdes hīwunge (genitive singular)
mōdes hīwunga (genitive plural)
mōdes hīwunge (dative singular)
mōdes hīwungum (dative plural)
hīwung mōdes (alternative)

From mōd (“mind”) + hīwung (“shaping, illusion”).

compound

c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Greater Litany"
Sē wīsdōm is hālig and hine sylfne ætbrēt fram mōdes hīwunge and myndlēasum geðōhtum.

Wisdom is holy and removes itself from imagination and mindless thoughts.


flegel

fleġel (canonical masculine)
fleġel (nominative singular)
fleġelas (nominative plural)
fleġel (accusative singular)
fleġelas (accusative plural)
fleġeles (genitive singular)
fleġela (genitive plural)
fleġele (dative singular)
fleġelum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: fleyl, flaell, flayl, flayle, flayll, fleel, fleil, fleyle, fleȝȝl (Ormulum)
English: flail (dialectal frail)
Scots: flail
Yola: vleal


mæssepreost

mæsseprēost (nominative singular)
mæsseprēostas (nominative plural)
mæsseprēost (accusative singular)
mæsseprēostas (accusative plural)
mæsseprēostes (genitive singular)
mæsseprēosta (genitive plural)
mæsseprēoste (dative singular)
mæsseprēostum (dative plural)

c. 994, Ælfric, "Letter to Wulfsige"
Presbyter is mæsseprēost oþþe ealdwita. Nā þæt ǣlċ eald sīe, ac þæt hē eald sīe on wīsdōme.

A presbyter is a priest or an elder. Not that they're all old, but they're old in wisdom.

Ic Beda Cristes þēow and mæssepreost sende gretan Fone leofastan cyning Ceolwulf

1890 [c. 731], Saint Bede (the Venerable), The Old English Version of Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People, page 2:

I, Bede, servant of Christ and priest, send greeting to the well beloved king Ceolwulf


giefe

inflection of ġiefu:
nominative/accusative plural

inflection of ġiefu:
accusative/genitive/dative singular


hringe

hrinġe (canonical feminine)
hrinġe (nominative singular)
hrinġan (nominative plural)
hrinġan (accusative singular)
hrinġan (accusative plural)
hrinġan (genitive singular)
hrinġena (genitive plural)
hrinġan (dative singular)
hrinġum (dative plural)
hrinġiae (alternative)
hrinġae (alternative)
hrinġċe (alternative)
rinġċe (alternative)
rhinġæ (alternative)

Middle English: ring, rynge, renge (merged with descendant of hring)

English: ring

Scots: ring

From Proto-West Germanic *hringijā, from Proto-Germanic *hringijǭ (“ring, loop”), diminutive of Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring”). Cognate with Old Saxon hringa (“clasp, brooch”), Old High German ringa (“brooch, hook”), Old Norse hringja (“buckle”).

a ring employed as a means of attachment, suspension, or compression; a loop, catch; a buckle or clasp


hrincge

hrinċġe (canonical feminine)
hrinċġe (nominative singular)
hrinċġan (nominative plural)
hrinċġan (accusative singular)
hrinċġan (accusative plural)
hrinċġan (genitive singular)
hrinċġena (genitive plural)
hrinċġan (dative singular)
hrinċġum (dative plural)


hanshus

hanshūs (canonical neuter)
hanshūs (nominative singular)
hanshūs (nominative plural)
hanshūs (accusative singular)
hanshūs (accusative plural)
hanshūses (genitive singular)
hanshūsa (genitive plural)
hanshūse (dative singular)
hanshūsum (dative plural)

→ Medieval Latin: hanshus (Anglo-Latin)


sandstan

sandstān (canonical masculine)
sandstān (nominative singular)
sandstānas (nominative plural)
sandstān (accusative singular)
sandstānas (accusative plural)
sandstānes (genitive singular)
sandstāna (genitive plural)
sandstāne (dative singular)
sandstānum (dative plural)

Middle English: *sandstan, sandston

English: sandstone

Scots: sandstane

From Proto-West Germanic *sandastain, equivalent to sand + stān.


ceosolstan

ċeosolstān (canonical masculine)
ċeoselstān (nominative singular)
ċeoselstānas (nominative plural)
ċeoselstān (accusative singular)
ċeoselstānas (accusative plural)
ċeoselstānes (genitive singular)
ċeoselstāna (genitive plural)
ċeoselstāne (dative singular)
ċeoselstānum (dative plural)
ċiosolstān (alternative)
ċeoselstan (alternative)
ċisilstān (alternative)
ċyselstān (alternative)

desc

Middle English: chesel-ston, schesellstone, chesell-ston

English: chiselstone

From Proto-West Germanic *kesulastain, equivalent to ċeosol + stān.


gehæcc

ġehæcc (canonical neuter)
ġehæcc (nominative singular)
ġehæcc (nominative plural)
ġehæcc (accusative singular)
ġehæcc (accusative plural)
ġehæcces (genitive singular)
ġehæcca (genitive plural)
ġehæcce (dative singular)
ġehæccum (dative plural)
ġehæc (alternative)

From ġe- + *hæcc. Cognate with German Gehäck (“mince, mincemeat”).


gehæcca

ġehæcca (canonical)
ġehæċċa (canonical masculine)
ġehæcca (nominative singular)
ġehæccan (nominative plural)
ġehæccan (accusative singular)
ġehæccan (accusative plural)
ġehæccan (genitive singular)
ġehæccena (genitive plural)
ġehæccan (dative singular)
ġehæccum (dative plural)
ġehæċċa (nominative singular)
ġehæċċan (nominative plural)
ġehæċċan (accusative singular)
ġehæċċan (accusative plural)
ġehæċċan (genitive singular)
ġehæċċena (genitive plural)
ġehæċċan (dative singular)
ġehæċċum (dative plural)

ang-decl-noun-n-m

Declension of ġehæċċa

ang-decl-noun

Declension of ġehæċċa

From *ġehæcc + -a. Alternatively derived from ġe- + *hæċċan (“to hack”).

Dictionary of Old English: A to Le
w:Dictionary of Old English

University of Toronto
w:University of Toronto


hæccan

inflection of hæcce:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of hæcce:
genitive/dative singular


bearu

bearu (nominative singular)
bearwas (nominative plural)
bearu (accusative singular)
bearwas (accusative plural)
bearwes (genitive singular)
bearwa (genitive plural)
bearwe (dative singular)
bearwum (dative plural)
bearo (alternative)

desc

Middle English: berwe, barwe, berewe, barewe, barou

gl

merged with descendant of Old English <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">bǣr</i> (“pasture”)

Middle English: ber, bere, beare, byar, biare, byare, bir (in placenames only) (merged with descendant of Old English bǣr (“pasture”))

From Proto-West Germanic *baru, from Proto-Germanic *barwaz (“tree, pine forest, grove”).

inh

Iċ eom līġbysiġ, lāce mid winde, bewunden mid wuldre, wedre ġesomnad, fūs forðweġes, fȳre ġemelted, bearu blōwende, byrnende glēd.

I am busy with fire, sway with wind, wrapped with worship, gathered in good weather, ready to go forward, melted by fire, a blooming grove, a burning ember.


forgiefnes

forġiefnes (canonical feminine)
forġiefnes (nominative singular)
forġiefnessa (nominative plural)
forġiefnesse (nominative plural)
forġiefnesse (accusative singular)
forġiefnessa (accusative plural)
forġiefnesse (accusative plural)
forġiefnesse (genitive singular)
forġiefnessa (genitive plural)
forġiefnesse (dative singular)
forġiefnessum (dative plural)
forġiefennes (alternative)
forġifnes (alternative)
forġifennes (alternative)
forġifennis (alternative)
forġyfenes (alternative)
forġefenes (alternative)
forġefnis (alternative)

Middle English: forgiveness, forgifnes

English: forgiveness


forboc

fōrbōc (canonical feminine)
fōrbōc (nominative singular)
fōrbēċ (nominative plural)
fōrbōc (accusative singular)
fōrbēċ (accusative plural)
fōrbēċ (genitive singular)
fōrbōce (genitive singular)
fōrbōca (genitive plural)
fōrbēċ (dative singular)
fōrbōcum (dative plural)


gebæru

ġebǣru (canonical feminine)
ġebǣru (nominative singular)
ġebǣra (nominative plural)
ġebǣre (nominative plural)
ġebǣre (accusative singular)
ġebǣra (accusative plural)
ġebǣre (accusative plural)
ġebǣre (genitive singular)
ġebǣra (genitive plural)
ġebǣre (dative singular)
ġebǣrum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *gabārī. Cognate with Old Saxon gibāri, Old High German gibāri.


gebedde

ġebedde (canonical feminine)
ġebedde (nominative singular)
ġebeddan (nominative plural)
ġebeddan (accusative singular)
ġebeddan (accusative plural)
ġebeddan (genitive singular)
ġebeddena (genitive plural)
ġebeddan (dative singular)
ġebeddum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *gabaddjā, from Proto-Germanic *gabadjǭ. Cognate with Old High German gibetta and Old Norse beðja. Equivalent to ġe- + bedd + -e or ġebedda + -e.

female who lies in bed with someone else: bedfellow


bedstreaw

bedstrēaw (canonical neuter)
bedstrēaw (nominative singular)
bedstrēaw (nominative plural)
bedstrēaw (accusative singular)
bedstrēaw (accusative plural)
bedstrēawes (genitive singular)
bedstrēawa (genitive plural)
bedstrēawe (dative singular)
bedstrēawum (dative plural)

Middle English: bedstraw

English: bedstraw

From Proto-West Germanic *baddjastrau. Cognate with Old Saxon beddistrō, Old High German bettistrō. Equivalent to bedd + strēaw.


blæchorn

blæchorn (nominative singular)
blæchorn (nominative plural)
blæchorn (accusative singular)
blæchorn (accusative plural)
blæchornes (genitive singular)
blæchorna (genitive plural)
blæchorne (dative singular)
blæchornum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *blakahorn. Cognate with Old Saxon blakhorn, Old High German blakhorn. Equivalent to blæc + horn.


beaggiefa

bēagġiefa (canonical masculine)
bēagġiefa (nominative singular)
bēagġiefan (nominative plural)
bēagġiefan (accusative singular)
bēagġiefan (accusative plural)
bēagġiefan (genitive singular)
bēagġiefena (genitive plural)
bēagġiefan (dative singular)
bēagġiefum (dative plural)
bēagġifa (alternative)
bēagġyfa (alternative)
bēahġifa (alternative)
bēahġyfa (alternative)

/ˈbæ͜ɑːɡˌji͜y.fɑ/

[ˈbæ͜ɑːɣˌji͜y.vɑ]

From Proto-West Germanic *baugagebō. Cognate with Old Saxon bōggeƀo and Old High German bouggebo. Equivalent to bēag + ġiefa.


domsetl

dōmsetl (canonical neuter)
dōmsetl (nominative singular)
dōmsetlu (nominative plural)
dōmsetl (accusative singular)
dōmsetlu (accusative plural)
dōmsetles (genitive singular)
dōmsetla (genitive plural)
dōmsetle (dative singular)
dōmsetlum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *dōmaseþl. Cognate with Old Saxon dōmseđal, Old High German tuomsedal.

seat or platform where a judge sits: seat of judgment, tribunal


ierfeweard

ierfeweard (nominative singular)
ierfeweardas (nominative plural)
ierfeweard (accusative singular)
ierfeweardas (accusative plural)
ierfeweardes (genitive singular)
ierfewearda (genitive plural)
ierfewearde (dative singular)
ierfeweardum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *arbijaward. Cognate with Old Saxon erƀiward. Equivalent to ierfe (“inheritance”) + weard (“guardian”).


forþweg

forþweġ (canonical masculine)
forþweġ (nominative singular)
forþwegas (nominative plural)
forþweġ (accusative singular)
forþwegas (accusative plural)
forþweġes (genitive singular)
forþwega (genitive plural)
forþweġe (dative singular)
forþwegum (dative plural)
forðweġ (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *forþweg. Cognate with Old Saxon forđweg. Equivalent to forþ- + weġ.

wlonc bī wealle. · Sume wīġ fornōm,
ferede in forðweġe; · sumne fugel ōþbær
ofer hēanne holm; · sumne sē hāra wulf
dēaðe ġedǣlde, · sumne drēoriġhlēor
in eorðsċræfe · eorl ġehȳdde.

proud by the wall. The war took away some men,
carried into the forth-way; a bird bore away someone
over deep sea; the grey wolf shared someone with death;
a sad-faced warrior hid someone in earthen cave.

path of departure, onward course, journey


rædgiefa

rǣdġiefa (canonical masculine)
rǣdġiefa (nominative singular)
rǣdġiefan (nominative plural)
rǣdġiefan (accusative singular)
rǣdġiefan (accusative plural)
rǣdġiefan (genitive singular)
rǣdġiefena (genitive plural)
rǣdġiefan (dative singular)
rǣdġiefum (dative plural)
rǣdġifa (alternative)
rǣdġyfa (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *rēdagebô. Cognate with Old Frisian rēdjeva, Old Saxon rādgeƀo, Old High German rātgebo, Old Norse ráðgjafi. Equivalent to rǣd + ġiefa.

someone who gives advice: advisor, counselor


heolor

heolor (nominative singular)
heolora (nominative plural)
heolore (nominative plural)
heolore (accusative singular)
heolora (accusative plural)
heolore (accusative plural)
heolore (genitive singular)
heolora (genitive plural)
heolore (dative singular)
heolorum (dative plural)
heoler (alternative)
helor (alternative)
helur (alternative)
heler (alternative)
hiolor (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *heluru, from Proto-Germanic *helurō (“balance, scales”), from Proto-Indo-European *kel- (“to protrude; high”).


sciering

sċiering (canonical feminine)
sċiering (nominative singular)
sċieringa (nominative plural)
sċieringe (nominative plural)
sċieringe (accusative singular)
sċieringa (accusative plural)
sċieringe (accusative plural)
sċieringe (genitive singular)
sċieringa (genitive plural)
sċieringe (dative singular)
sċieringum (dative plural)
sċerincg (alternative)


stæfsweord

stæfsweord (nominative singular)
stæfsweord (nominative plural)
stæfsweord (accusative singular)
stæfsweord (accusative plural)
stæfsweordes (genitive singular)
stæfsweorda (genitive plural)
stæfsweorde (dative singular)
stæfsweordum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *stabaswerd. Cognate with Old Saxon stafswerd, Old High German stabswert. Equivalent to stæf + sweord.


unrim

unrīm (canonical neuter)
unrīm (nominative singular)
unrīm (nominative plural)
unrīm (accusative singular)
unrīm (accusative plural)
unrīmes (genitive singular)
unrīma (genitive plural)
unrīme (dative singular)
unrīmum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *unrīm. Cognate with Old Saxon unrīm. Equivalent to un- (“non-”) + rīm (“number”).

a countless number or immeasurable amount (+ genitive = of something)


meþnes

mēþnes (canonical feminine)
mēþnes (nominative singular)
mēþnessa (nominative plural)
mēþnesse (nominative plural)
mēþnesse (accusative singular)
mēþnessa (accusative plural)
mēþnesse (accusative plural)
mēþnesse (genitive singular)
mēþnessa (genitive plural)
mēþnesse (dative singular)
mēþnessum (dative plural)
mēþness (alternative)
mēþnis (alternative)
mēþniss (alternative)
mœ̄þnes (alternative)
mœ̄þness (alternative)


werignes

wēriġnes (canonical feminine)
wēriġnes (nominative singular)
wēriġnessa (nominative plural)
wēriġnesse (nominative plural)
wēriġnesse (accusative singular)
wēriġnessa (accusative plural)
wēriġnesse (accusative plural)
wēriġnesse (genitive singular)
wēriġnessa (genitive plural)
wēriġnesse (dative singular)
wēriġnessum (dative plural)
wœ̄riġnes (alternative)
wēriġness (alternative)
wœ̄riġness (alternative)

Middle English: werinesse

English: weariness

Scots: werynes, weirines


wintrog

wīntrog (canonical masculine)
wīntrog (nominative singular)
wīntrogas (nominative plural)
wīntrog (accusative singular)
wīntrogas (accusative plural)
wīntroges (genitive singular)
wīntroga (genitive plural)
wīntroge (dative singular)
wīntrogum (dative plural)

Middle English: *wyntrogh, *wynetrough

English: winetrough


refa

English: reeve


stiþnes

stīþnes (canonical feminine)
stīþnes (nominative singular)
stīþnessa (nominative plural)
stīþnesse (nominative plural)
stīþnesse (accusative singular)
stīþnessa (accusative plural)
stīþnesse (accusative plural)
stīþnesse (genitive singular)
stīþnessa (genitive plural)
stīþnesse (dative singular)
stīþnessum (dative plural)
stīðnes (alternative)

Middle English: stithness

English: stithness

(of people) sternness, harshness, strictness

(of things that cause discomfort or require effort, such as weather, conflict, illness, punishment) harshness, severity

such as weather; conflict; punishment; such as weather; conflict; punishment


þancung

þancung (nominative singular)
þancunga (nominative plural)
þancunge (nominative plural)
þancunge (accusative singular)
þancunga (accusative plural)
þancunge (accusative plural)
þancunge (genitive singular)
þancunga (genitive plural)
þancunge (dative singular)
þancungum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *þancungu. Cognate with Old High German dankunga. Equivalent to þancian + -ung.

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
Þæt is tō wundriġenne þæt þā Ēgypte swā lȳtle þancunge wiston Iōsēpe þæs þe hē hīe æt hungre āhredde.

It's amazing that the Egyptians felt so little gratitude to Joseph for saving them from famine.

gratitude, thankfulness (+ dative = to someone) (+ genitive = for something)


wæterstream

wæterstrēam (canonical masculine)
wæterstrēam (nominative singular)
wæterstrēamas (nominative plural)
wæterstrēam (accusative singular)
wæterstrēamas (accusative plural)
wæterstrēames (genitive singular)
wæterstrēama (genitive plural)
wæterstrēame (dative singular)
wæterstrēamum (dative plural)

Middle English: water streme

English: waterstream

From Proto-West Germanic *watarstraum, equivalent to wæter + strēam.


wraþu

wraþu (nominative singular)
wraþa (nominative plural)
wraþe (nominative plural)
wraþe (accusative singular)
wraþa (accusative plural)
wraþe (accusative plural)
wraþe (genitive singular)
wraþa (genitive plural)
wraþe (dative singular)
wraþum (dative plural)
wraðu (alternative)


sibb and stilnes

late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
XIV. Be þǣre sibbe and stilnesse Ēadwines cyninges rīċes.

14. On the peace and quiet of King Edwin's reign.


witega

wītega (canonical masculine)
wītega (nominative singular)
wītegan (nominative plural)
wītegan (accusative singular)
wītegan (accusative plural)
wītegan (genitive singular)
wītegena (genitive plural)
wītegan (dative singular)
wītegum (dative plural)


sealm

sealm (nominative singular)
sealmas (nominative plural)
sealm (accusative singular)
sealmas (accusative plural)
sealmes (genitive singular)
sealma (genitive plural)
sealme (dative singular)
sealmum (dative plural)


ciepa

ċīepa (canonical masculine)
ċīepa (nominative singular)
ċīepan (nominative plural)
ċīepan (accusative singular)
ċīepan (accusative plural)
ċīepan (genitive singular)
ċīepena (genitive plural)
ċīepan (dative singular)
ċīepum (dative plural)
ċȳpa (alternative)
ċēpa (alternative)
ċīpa (alternative)
*ċǣpa (alternative)

From ċīepan + -a. Compare Old High German koufo (“merchant, trader”).


gærsum

gærsum (nominative singular)
gærsumas (nominative plural)
gærsum (accusative singular)
gærsumas (accusative plural)
gærsumes (genitive singular)
gærsuma (genitive plural)
gærsume (dative singular)
gærsumum (dative plural)
gærsum (nominative singular)
gærsuma (nominative plural)
gærsume (nominative plural)
gærsume (accusative singular)
gærsuma (accusative plural)
gærsume (accusative plural)
gærsume (genitive singular)
gærsuma (genitive plural)
gærsume (dative singular)
gærsumum (dative plural)
gærsam (alternative)
gersum (alternative)
gyrsum (alternative)
gærsuma (alternative weak)
gersuma (alternative weak)

desctree

Middle English: gersom, garesome, garisoumme, garsum, gerssum, gersum, gersume, gersumme, gyrssyn, gærsum, garsume (Early Middle English)
English: gersum, grassum
Scots: grassum (obsolete)

Borrowed from Old Norse gersemi, gørsemi (“treasure”), from gerr, gǫrr (“ready”) + -semi (“-ness”), with the ending assimilated to native -sum.


floege

flōeġe (canonical neuter)
flōeġe (nominative singular)
flōeġu (nominative plural)
flōeġe (accusative singular)
flōeġu (accusative plural)
flōeġes (genitive singular)
flōeġa (genitive plural)
flōeġe (dative singular)
flōeġum (dative plural)

Borrowed from Old Norse fley, from Proto-Germanic *flawją, from Proto-Indo-European *plew-.

(Northumbrian, hapax legomenon) A small boat.


ladteowdom

lādtēowdōm (canonical masculine)
lādtēowdōm (nominative singular)
lādtēowdōmas (nominative plural)
lādtēowdōm (accusative singular)
lādtēowdōmas (accusative plural)
lādtēowdōmes (genitive singular)
lādtēowdōma (genitive plural)
lādtēowdōme (dative singular)
lādtēowdōmum (dative plural)


gedwimere

ġedwimere (canonical masculine)
ġedwimere (nominative singular)
ġedwimeras (nominative plural)
ġedwimere (accusative singular)
ġedwimeras (accusative plural)
ġedwimeres (genitive singular)
ġedwimera (genitive plural)
ġedwimere (dative singular)
ġedwimerum (dative plural)
ġedwomere (alternative)

a sorcerer or magician; juggler; rascal, scoundrel


ceacga

ċeacga (canonical masculine)
ċeacga (nominative singular)
ċeacgan (nominative plural)
ċeacgan (accusative singular)
ċeacgan (accusative plural)
ċeacgan (genitive singular)
ċeacgena (genitive plural)
ċeacgan (dative singular)
ċeacgum (dative plural)
ċeagga (alternative)

Middle English: *chagge

English: chag

/ˈt͡ʃæ͜ɑɡ.ɡɑ/


ceaga

ċeaga (canonical masculine)
ċeaga (nominative singular)
ċeagan (nominative plural)
ċeagan (accusative singular)
ċeagan (accusative plural)
ċeagan (genitive singular)
ċeagena (genitive plural)
ċeagan (dative singular)
ċeagum (dative plural)

/ˈt͡ʃæ͜ɑ.ɡɑ/

[ˈt͡ʃæ͜ɑ.ɣɑ]

From Proto-West Germanic *kagō (“bush, underbrush”), from Proto-Germanic *kagô (“bush, stump”).


candeltreow

candeltrēow (canonical neuter)
candeltrēow (nominative singular)
candeltrēow (nominative plural)
candeltrēow (accusative singular)
candeltrēow (accusative plural)
candeltrēowes (genitive singular)
candeltrēowa (genitive plural)
candeltrēowe (dative singular)
candeltrēowum (dative plural)


byrdestre

byrdestre (nominative singular)
byrdestran (nominative plural)
byrdestran (accusative singular)
byrdestran (accusative plural)
byrdestran (genitive singular)
byrdestrena (genitive plural)
byrdestran (dative singular)
byrdestrum (dative plural)
byrdistræ (alternative)


wencel

wenċel (canonical neuter)
wenċel (nominative singular)
wenclu (nominative plural)
wenċel (accusative singular)
wenclu (accusative plural)
wencles (genitive singular)
wencla (genitive plural)
wencle (dative singular)
wenclum (dative plural)
winċel (alternative)

Middle English: wenchel

English: wench

Scots: wench

Unknown. Perhaps related to wancol (“unstable, wavering, fickle”).


hreremus

hrēremūs (canonical feminine)
hrēremūs (nominative singular)
hrēremȳs (nominative plural)
hrēremūs (accusative singular)
hrēremȳs (accusative plural)
hrēremȳs (genitive singular)
hrēremūse (genitive singular)
hrēremūsa (genitive plural)
hrēremȳs (dative singular)
hrēremūsum (dative plural)
hrœ̄remūs (alternative Anglian)

Middle English: reremous

English: reremouse, rearmouse

From hrēran (“to whisk, stir”) + mūs (“mouse”).


grynde

grynde (nominative singular)
gryndu (nominative plural)
grynde (accusative singular)
gryndu (accusative plural)
gryndes (genitive singular)
grynda (genitive plural)
grynde (dative singular)
gryndum (dative plural)

Middle English: grinde, grynde

English: grine, groin

From Proto-West Germanic *grundī, from Proto-Germanic *grundiją (“abyss”), from *grunduz (“ground, foundation”).


genge

genge (nominative singular)
gengu (nominative plural)
genge (accusative singular)
gengu (accusative plural)
genges (genitive singular)
genga (genitive plural)
genge (dative singular)
gengum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: genge, geng, ging, gyng, gynge
English: ging (obsolete)
Middle Scots: ging

Probably borrowed from Old Norse gengi (“help”), from Proto-Germanic *gangiją. Cognate with Old English genġe (“gang, flock, company”).


genge

genġe (canonical feminine)
genġe (nominative singular)
genġan (nominative plural)
genġan (accusative singular)
genġan (accusative plural)
genġan (genitive singular)
genġena (genitive plural)
genġan (dative singular)
genġum (dative plural)

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *gangijā, from *gangan (“to go; to defecate”).

inh+

An outhouse; a building used as a lavatory.


endebyrd

endebyrd (nominative singular)
endebyrda (nominative plural)
endebyrde (nominative plural)
endebyrde (accusative singular)
endebyrda (accusative plural)
endebyrde (accusative plural)
endebyrde (genitive singular)
endebyrda (genitive plural)
endebyrde (dative singular)
endebyrdum (dative plural)
endebyrde (nominative singular)
endebyrdu (nominative plural)
endebyrde (accusative singular)
endebyrdu (accusative plural)
endebyrdes (genitive singular)
endebyrda (genitive plural)
endebyrde (dative singular)
endebyrdum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *andībruʀdī (“order, row”, literally “end-point”). Cognate with Old High German entibrurtī (“order, line, rank”).


cleac

clēac (canonical feminine)
clēac (nominative singular)
clēaca (nominative plural)
clēace (nominative plural)
clēace (accusative singular)
clēaca (accusative plural)
clēace (accusative plural)
clēace (genitive singular)
clēaca (genitive plural)
clēace (dative singular)
clēacum (dative plural)
cleac (alternative)

Unknown. Possibly related to Old English clēacian (“to go nimbly, hurry”), or to Old English *clacian (“to clack”), referring to the sound made by stones wobbling. More at clēacian.


Cristes mæssedæg

Cristes mæssedæġ (canonical masculine)
Cristes mæssedæġ (nominative singular)
Cristes mæssedagas (nominative plural)
Cristes mæssedæġ (accusative singular)
Cristes mæssedagas (accusative plural)
Cristes mæssedæġes (genitive singular)
Cristes mæssedaga (genitive plural)
Cristes mæssedæġe (dative singular)
Cristes mæssedagum (dative plural)

Middle English: Cristemasse day

English: Christmas Day


þrimilcemonaþ

þrimilċemōnaþ (canonical masculine)
ðrymylċe (alternative)
ðrymylċemonaþ (alternative)
ðrymylcėmonað (alternative)

From þri + *milċe + mōnaþ, lit. "three-milch-month."

the fifth month of the year according to the Anglo-Saxon calendar

Se fīfta mōnaþ is nemned on ūre geðeōde Ðrymylce, for ðon sƿylc genihtsumnesƿæs geō on Brytone and eāc on Germania lande, of ðæm Ongla ðeōd com on ðās Breotone, ðæt hī on ðæm mōnðe þriƿa on dæge mylcedon heora neāt.

725, Bede, The Reckoning of Time, Ch. 15

the fifth month is called Ðrymylce in our language, because before, there was such abundance in Britain and also in Germania, whence the Angle-people came to Britain, would milk their cows thrice a day.


Cristes mæsseæfen

Cristes mæsseǣfen (canonical masculine)
Cristes mæsseǣfen (nominative singular)
Cristes mæsseǣfennas (nominative plural)
Cristes mæsseǣfen (accusative singular)
Cristes mæsseǣfennas (accusative plural)
Cristes mæsseǣfennes (genitive singular)
Cristes mæsseǣfenna (genitive plural)
Cristes mæsseǣfenne (dative singular)
Cristes mæsseǣfennum (dative plural)

Middle English: Cristemasse eve

English: Christmas Eve

Not attested, but assumed to exist based on analogous terms such as Cristes mæsseniht (“night before Christmas”), Cristes mæsseūhta (“last part of the night before Christmas”), and ealra hālgena mæsseǣfen (“Halloween”, literally “All Saints' Eve”), as well as Middle English Cristemasse eve.

Christmas Eve (evening before Christmas)


mæsseæfen

mæsseǣfen (canonical masculine)
mæsseǣfen (nominative singular)
mæsseǣfennas (nominative plural)
mæsseǣfen (accusative singular)
mæsseǣfennas (accusative plural)
mæsseǣfennes (genitive singular)
mæsseǣfenna (genitive plural)
mæsseǣfenne (dative singular)
mæsseǣfennum (dative plural)


Cristes mæsseniht

Cristes mæsseniht (nominative singular)
Cristes mæsseniht (nominative plural)
Cristes mæsseniht (accusative singular)
Cristes mæsseniht (accusative plural)
Cristes mæsseniht (genitive singular)
Cristes mæssenihta (genitive plural)
Cristes mæsseniht (dative singular)
Cristes mæssenihtum (dative plural)

Middle English: Cristemasse nyght


mæsseniht

mæsseniht (nominative singular)
mæsseniht (nominative plural)
mæsseniht (accusative singular)
mæsseniht (accusative plural)
mæsseniht (genitive singular)
mæssenihta (genitive plural)
mæsseniht (dative singular)
mæssenihtum (dative plural)


ealra halgena mæsseæfen

ealra hālgena mæsseǣfen (canonical masculine)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfen (nominative singular)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfennas (nominative plural)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfen (accusative singular)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfennas (accusative plural)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfennes (genitive singular)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfenna (genitive plural)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfenne (dative singular)
ealra hālgena mæsseǣfennum (dative plural)

Halloween; the day or evening before All Saints' Day


Cristes mæsseuhta

Cristes mæsseūhta (canonical masculine)
Cristes mæsseūhta (nominative singular)
Cristes mæsseūhtan (nominative plural)
Cristes mæsseūhtan (accusative singular)
Cristes mæsseūhtan (accusative plural)
Cristes mæsseūhtan (genitive singular)
Cristes mæsseūhtena (genitive plural)
Cristes mæsseūhtan (dative singular)
Cristes mæsseūhtum (dative plural)

the last part of the night before Christmas


færweg

færweġ (canonical masculine)
færweġ (nominative singular)
færwegas (nominative plural)
færweġ (accusative singular)
færwegas (accusative plural)
færweġes (genitive singular)
færwega (genitive plural)
færweġe (dative singular)
færwegum (dative plural)
ferweġ (alternative)

desc

Middle English: farewaye, fairway, fare-waye

English: fareway

From Proto-West Germanic *faraweg, equivalent to fær + weġ.


hloþsliht

hlōþsliht (canonical masculine)
hlōþsliht (nominative singular)
hlōþslihtas (nominative plural)
hlōþsliht (accusative singular)
hlōþslihtas (accusative plural)
hlōþslihtes (genitive singular)
hlōþslihta (genitive plural)
hlōþslihte (dative singular)
hlōþslihtum (dative plural)


wundorgiefu

wundorġiefu (canonical feminine)
wundorġiefu (nominative singular)
wundorġiefa (nominative plural)
wundorġiefe (nominative plural)
wundorġiefe (accusative singular)
wundorġiefa (accusative plural)
wundorġiefe (accusative plural)
wundorġiefe (genitive singular)
wundorġiefa (genitive plural)
wundorġiefe (dative singular)
wundorġiefum (dative plural)
wundorġifu (alternative)


sweorbeag

swēorbēag (canonical masculine)
swēorbēag (nominative singular)
swēorbēagas (nominative plural)
swēorbēag (accusative singular)
swēorbēagas (accusative plural)
swēorbēages (genitive singular)
swēorbēaga (genitive plural)
swēorbēage (dative singular)
swēorbēagum (dative plural)
swēorbēah (alternative)

/ˈswe͜oːrˌbæ͜ɑːɡ/

[ˈswe͜oːrˌbæ͜ɑːɣ]

object worn around the neck, often made of gold or silver: collar, necklace


geares dæg

ġēares dæġ (canonical masculine)
ġēares dæġ (nominative singular)
ġēares dagas (nominative plural)
ġēares dæġ (accusative singular)
ġēares dagas (accusative plural)
ġēares dæġes (genitive singular)
ġēares daga (genitive plural)
ġēares dæġe (dative singular)
ġēares dagum (dative plural)

Middle English: ȝeres-dai, ȝeresday, yeeres dai, Yeeris Day, ȝere's day

⇒ English: New Year's Day

From Proto-West Germanic *jāras dag, equivalent to ġēares + dæġ.

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Octaves and Circumcision of Our Lord"
Wē habbaþ oft ġehīered þæt menn hātaþ þisne dæġ ġēares dæġ, swelċe þēs dæġ fyrmest sīe on ġēares ymbryne. Ac wē ne ġemētaþ nāne swutolunge on cristenum bōcum hwȳ þēs dæġ tō ġēares anġinne ġeteald sīe.

We have often heard that people call this day year's day, as if this is the first day in the course of the year. But we find no explanation in Christian books for why this day is considered the beginning of the year.


englas

nominative and accusative plural of enġel


folcstow

folcstōw (canonical feminine)
folcstōw (nominative singular)
folcstōwa (nominative plural)
folcstōwe (nominative plural)
folcstōwe (accusative singular)
folcstōwa (accusative plural)
folcstōwe (accusative plural)
folcstōwe (genitive singular)
folcstōwa (genitive plural)
folcstōwe (dative singular)
folcstōwum (dative plural)

folc (“country, rural”) + -stōw (“place”)


cedelc

cedelc (nominative singular)
cedelca (nominative plural)
cedelce (nominative plural)
cedelce (accusative singular)
cedelca (accusative plural)
cedelce (accusative plural)
cedelce (genitive singular)
cedelca (genitive plural)
cedelce (dative singular)
cedelcum (dative plural)
ceþelc (alternative)
ceðelc (alternative)
coydic (alternative)
cydic (alternative)
codic (alternative)

Middle English: ketlok, kellok

English: kedlock

English: kilk

Unknown, but apparently related to Low German Ködik, Köddik (“charlock”). Compare also Middle Low German hēderik, hederik, hedderik (“charlock”), Old High German hederīh (“hedge mustard, charlock”), possibly from Latin hederāceus (“made of ivy, ivy-like”).

cog

Mercurialis perennis
Mercurialis perennis#Translingual

(botany) mercury (plant) (Mercurialis perennis)

Rhamphospermum arvense
Rhamphospermum arvense#Translingual

Sinapis arvensis
Sinapis arvensis#Translingual

(botany) charlock (Rhamphospermum arvense, syns. Sinapis arvensis, etc.)


sicel

siċel (canonical masculine)
siċel (nominative singular)
siċelas (nominative plural)
siċel (accusative singular)
siċelas (accusative plural)
siċeles (genitive singular)
siċela (genitive plural)
siċele (dative singular)
siċelum (dative plural)

Middle English: sichel


geoldæg

ġēoldæġ (canonical)
ġeōldæġ (canonical masculine)
ġēoldæġ (nominative singular)
ġēoldagas (nominative plural)
ġēoldæġ (accusative singular)
ġēoldagas (accusative plural)
ġēoldæġes (genitive singular)
ġēoldaga (genitive plural)
ġēoldæġe (dative singular)
ġēoldagum (dative plural)
ġeōldæġ (nominative singular)
ġeōldagas (nominative plural)
ġeōldæġ (accusative singular)
ġeōldagas (accusative plural)
ġeōldæġes (genitive singular)
ġeōldaga (genitive plural)
ġeōldæġe (dative singular)
ġeōldagum (dative plural)
ġeohheldæġ (alternative)
ġeohheldæiġ (alternative)
ġeoheldæiġ (alternative)

Middle English: Yōl day

From Proto-Germanic *jehwladagaz. Cognate with Old Norse jóladagr. Equivalent to ġēol + dæġ.


middes wintres dæg

middes wintres dæġ (canonical masculine)
middes wintres dæġ (nominative singular)
middes wintres dagas (nominative plural)
middes wintres dæġ (accusative singular)
middes wintres dagas (accusative plural)
middes wintres dæġes (genitive singular)
middes wintres daga (genitive plural)
middes wintres dæġe (dative singular)
middes wintres dagum (dative plural)
midwintres dæg (alternative)

Middle English: middewinteres day

Possibly a shortening of middes wintres mæssedæġ, which appears earlier. The closely analogous term middes wintres mæsseniht (“night before Christmas”) even appears in the Early West Saxon of the Parker Chronicle (late 9th century).


middes wintres mæssedæg

middes wintres mæssedæġ (canonical masculine)
middes wintres mæssedæġ (nominative singular)
middes wintres mæssedagas (nominative plural)
middes wintres mæssedæġ (accusative singular)
middes wintres mæssedagas (accusative plural)
middes wintres mæssedæġes (genitive singular)
middes wintres mæssedaga (genitive plural)
middes wintres mæssedæġe (dative singular)
middes wintres mæssedagum (dative plural)


middes wintres mæsseniht

middes wintres mæsseniht (nominative singular)
middes wintres mæsseniht (nominative plural)
middes wintres mæsseniht (accusative singular)
middes wintres mæsseniht (accusative plural)
middes wintres mæsseniht (genitive singular)
middes wintres mæssenihta (genitive plural)
middes wintres mæsseniht (dative singular)
middes wintres mæssenihtum (dative plural)


geolniht

ġēolniht (canonical)
ġeōlniht (canonical feminine)
ġēolniht (nominative singular)
ġēolniht (nominative plural)
ġēolniht (accusative singular)
ġēolniht (accusative plural)
ġēolniht (genitive singular)
ġēolnihta (genitive plural)
ġēolniht (dative singular)
ġēolnihtum (dative plural)
ġeōlniht (nominative singular)
ġeōlniht (nominative plural)
ġeōlniht (accusative singular)
ġeōlniht (accusative plural)
ġeōlniht (genitive singular)
ġeōlnihta (genitive plural)
ġeōlniht (dative singular)
ġeōlnihtum (dative plural)

Middle English: Yol nyght

From Proto-Germanic *jehwlanahts. Cognate with Old Norse jólanátt. Equivalent to ġēol + niht.


geohhol

Apparently from Proto-West Germanic *jehhwl, alteration of *jehwl, with irregular doubling of a velar before /w/. This /w/ then became syllabic /u/ between consonants. Neither sound change applied consistently, but both are known to have occurred in a few words. The exact same development happened to hweohhol, variant of hwēol.


geoltid

ġēoltīd (canonical feminine)
ġēoltīd (nominative singular)
ġēoltīde (nominative plural)
ġēoltīda (nominative plural)
ġēoltīd (accusative singular)
ġēoltīde (accusative singular)
ġēoltīde (accusative plural)
ġēoltīda (accusative plural)
ġēoltīde (genitive singular)
ġēoltīda (genitive plural)
ġēoltīde (dative singular)
ġēoltīdum (dative plural)

Middle English: Yoltide

English: Yuletide

Though modern Yuletide is only first attested at the boundary between Middle and Modern English (c. 1475), this word is also supported by the Old Norse cognate jólatíð and analogous terms such as Eastertide, which shows up already in Old English as ēastertīd. The late attestation is not surprising, as the word Yule had been confined to the North since the close of the Old English period, only spreading elsewhere in the 19th century. For more, see Yule and tide.


gebyhþ

ġebyhþ (canonical feminine)
ġebyhþ (nominative singular)
ġebyhþa (nominative plural)
ġebyhþe (nominative plural)
ġebyhþe (accusative singular)
ġebyhþa (accusative plural)
ġebyhþe (accusative plural)
ġebyhþe (genitive singular)
ġebyhþa (genitive plural)
ġebyhþe (dative singular)
ġebyhþum (dative plural)
ġebyhþu (alternative)
ġebihþ (alternative)
ġebihþu (alternative)

From ġe- + *byhþ. Compare Old Norse bygð (“settlement, habitation, abode”).


eastertid

ēastertīd (canonical feminine)
ēastertīd (nominative singular)
ēastertīde (nominative plural)
ēastertīda (nominative plural)
ēastertīd (accusative singular)
ēastertīde (accusative singular)
ēastertīde (accusative plural)
ēastertīda (accusative plural)
ēastertīde (genitive singular)
ēastertīda (genitive plural)
ēastertīde (dative singular)
ēastertīdum (dative plural)

Middle English: Estertide

English: Eastertide


handseten

handseten (nominative singular)
handsetena (nominative plural)
handsetene (nominative plural)
handsetene (accusative singular)
handsetena (accusative plural)
handsetene (accusative plural)
handsetene (genitive singular)
handsetena (genitive plural)
handsetene (dative singular)
handsetenum (dative plural)


snawgebland

snāwġebland (canonical neuter)
snāwġebland (nominative singular)
snāwġebland (nominative plural)
snāwġebland (accusative singular)
snāwġebland (accusative plural)
snāwġeblandes (genitive singular)
snāwġeblanda (genitive plural)
snāwġeblande (dative singular)
snāwġeblandum (dative plural)


oþer twega

ōþer twēġa (canonical neuter)
ōþer twēġra (alternative)
ōðer twēġa (alternative)
ōðer twēġra (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *anþera twajjǫ̂ (literally “one of two”). Cognate with Old Norse annat tveggja.

inh

one of two, one or the other; introduces the phrase "either... or..."


geflit

ġeflit (canonical neuter)
ġeflit (nominative singular)
ġeflitu (nominative plural)
ġeflit (accusative singular)
ġeflitu (accusative plural)
ġeflites (genitive singular)
ġeflita (genitive plural)
ġeflite (dative singular)
ġeflitum (dative plural)

Middle English: flit


sæle

inflection of sǣl:
dative/genitive singular

inflection of sǣl:
accusative singular/plural


sundorfeoh

sundorfeoh (nominative singular)
sundorfeoh (accusative singular)
sundorfēos (genitive singular)
sundorfēo (dative singular)


freondlufu

frēondlufu (canonical feminine)
frēondlufu (nominative singular)
frēondlufa (nominative plural)
frēondlufe (nominative plural)
frēondlufe (accusative singular)
frēondlufa (accusative plural)
frēondlufe (accusative plural)
frēondlufe (genitive singular)
frēondlufa (genitive plural)
frēondlufe (dative singular)
frēondlufum (dative plural)

love between or for friends: platonic love


siblufu

siblufu (nominative singular)
siblufa (nominative plural)
siblufe (nominative plural)
siblufe (accusative singular)
siblufa (accusative plural)
siblufe (accusative plural)
siblufe (genitive singular)
siblufa (genitive plural)
siblufe (dative singular)
siblufum (dative plural)


broþorlufu

brōþorlufu (canonical feminine)
brōþorlufu (nominative singular)
brōþorlufa (nominative plural)
brōþorlufe (nominative plural)
brōþorlufe (accusative singular)
brōþorlufa (accusative plural)
brōþorlufe (accusative plural)
brōþorlufe (genitive singular)
brōþorlufa (genitive plural)
brōþorlufe (dative singular)
brōþorlufum (dative plural)


bearnlufu

bearnlufu (nominative singular)
bearnlufa (nominative plural)
bearnlufe (nominative plural)
bearnlufe (accusative singular)
bearnlufa (accusative plural)
bearnlufe (accusative plural)
bearnlufe (genitive singular)
bearnlufa (genitive plural)
bearnlufe (dative singular)
bearnlufum (dative plural)
bearnlufe (alternative)


modorlufu

mōdorlufu (canonical feminine)
mōdorlufu (nominative singular)
mōdorlufa (nominative plural)
mōdorlufe (nominative plural)
mōdorlufe (accusative singular)
mōdorlufa (accusative plural)
mōdorlufe (accusative plural)
mōdorlufe (genitive singular)
mōdorlufa (genitive plural)
mōdorlufe (dative singular)
mōdorlufum (dative plural)


feohlufu

feohlufu (nominative singular)
feohlufa (nominative plural)
feohlufe (nominative plural)
feohlufe (accusative singular)
feohlufa (accusative plural)
feohlufe (accusative plural)
feohlufe (genitive singular)
feohlufa (genitive plural)
feohlufe (dative singular)
feohlufum (dative plural)


umbor

umbor (nominative singular)
umbor (nominative plural)
umbor (accusative singular)
umbor (accusative plural)
umbores (genitive singular)
umbora (genitive plural)
umbore (dative singular)
umborum (dative plural)

Origin obscure. Possibly from Proto-West Germanic *unbur (“unborn child, womb-child”), from Proto-Germanic *unburaz (“unborn”, adjective), equivalent to un- (“un-, not”) + a derivative of Proto-Germanic *beraną (“to bear”), related to Old English byre (“son, child, descendant”).

unk

Origin obscure


grafu

grafu (nominative singular)
grafa (nominative plural)
grafe (nominative plural)
grafe (accusative singular)
grafa (accusative plural)
grafe (accusative plural)
grafe (genitive singular)
grafa (genitive plural)
grafe (dative singular)
grafum (dative plural)

gl

merger with Old English <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">græf</i>

Middle English: grave (merger with Old English græf)

English: grave

Scots: grave, grawe


hymlic

hymlic (canonical)
hymlīc (canonical masculine)
hymlic (nominative singular)
hymlic (accusative singular)
hymlices (genitive singular)
hymlice (dative singular)
hymlīc (alternative)
hymelic (alternative)
hymelīc (alternative)
hemlic (alternative)
hemlīc (alternative)
hemlec (alternative)
hemlēc (alternative)

desc

Middle English: hemloke, hemelok, homelok, humlok

English: hemlock

Scots: hemlok, homlok, humlok, humlock

Unknown. Perhaps from a diminutive or derivative of Proto-West Germanic *hamirā (“hellebore”), with which Liberman compares Proto-Slavic *čemerъ (“false hellebore”), also used to describe venom or poison caused by this plant, from Proto-Indo-European *kemer-. The closest Germanic cognates are German Low German Hemer, Hemern and German Hemere (“hellebore”).


hymlice

hymlice (canonical)
hymlīce (canonical feminine)
hymlice (nominative singular)
hymlican (nominative plural)
hymlican (accusative singular)
hymlican (accusative plural)
hymlican (genitive singular)
hymlicena (genitive plural)
hymlican (dative singular)
hymlicum (dative plural)
hymlīce (alternative)
hymblicæ (alternative)
huymblicæ (alternative)

See hymlic

Unknown. Liberman compares Proto-Slavic *čemerъ (“false hellebore”), also used to describe venom or poison caused by this plant, from Proto-Indo-European *kemer-. The closest Germanic cognate is German Low German Hemer, Hemern and German Hemere (“hellebore”). More at hymlic.


geodagas

ġeōdagas (canonical masculine plural)
ġeōdagas (nominative plural)
ġeōdagas (accusative plural)
ġeōdaga (genitive plural)
ġeōdagum (dative plural)
ġiōdagas (alternative)
iūdagas (alternative)

late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy
Hwæt þū ġehīerdest þætte ġeōdagum ġelamp þæt ān swīðe wīs mann and swīðe rīċe ongann fandian ānes ūðwitan and hine bismrode for þon hē hine swā orgellīċe upp āhōf and bōde þæs þæt hē ūðwita wǣre.

You've heard that in ancient times, a very wise and successful man started to test a philosopher and mocked him for exalting himself so arrogantly and bragging that he was a philosopher.

Ġeōdagum Rōmāne and ēac Engle ġehālgodon on þissa tungla ġemynd heora dagas, and þone forman dæġ hīe hēton "sunnan dæġ," for þon hēo is ealra tungla wlitiġest.

In ancient times, both the Romans and the English sanctified the days of the week in honor of these stars. The first day they called "the day of the sun," because it is the brightest of all stars.


cildhama

ċildhama (canonical masculine)
ċildhama (nominative singular)
ċildhaman (nominative plural)
ċildhaman (accusative singular)
ċildhaman (accusative plural)
ċildhaman (genitive singular)
ċildhamena (genitive plural)
ċildhaman (dative singular)
ċildhamum (dative plural)
*ċildhoma (alternative)


utsiht

ūtsiht (canonical feminine)
ūtsiht (nominative singular)
ūtsihte (nominative plural)
ūtsihta (nominative plural)
ūtsiht (accusative singular)
ūtsihte (accusative singular)
ūtsihte (accusative plural)
ūtsihta (accusative plural)
ūtsihte (genitive singular)
ūtsihta (genitive plural)
ūtsihte (dative singular)
ūtsihtum (dative plural)
ūtsihte (alternative)

Composed of ūt- + *siht (literally “straining out”), the latter a derivative of sēon (“to strain”).


onfundennes

onfundennes (nominative singular)
onfundennessa (nominative plural)
onfundennesse (nominative plural)
onfundennesse (accusative singular)
onfundennessa (accusative plural)
onfundennesse (accusative plural)
onfundennesse (genitive singular)
onfundennessa (genitive plural)
onfundennesse (dative singular)
onfundennessum (dative plural)


runere

rūnere (canonical masculine)
rūnere (nominative singular)
rūneras (nominative plural)
rūnere (accusative singular)
rūneras (accusative plural)
rūneres (genitive singular)
rūnera (genitive plural)
rūnere (dative singular)
rūnerum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *rūnārī. Cognate with Old High German rūnāri. Equivalent to rūn + -ere.


stafas

nominative and accusative plural of stæf


dopenid

dopenid (nominative singular)
dopenide (nominative plural)
dopenida (nominative plural)
dopenid (accusative singular)
dopenide (accusative singular)
dopenide (accusative plural)
dopenida (accusative plural)
dopenide (genitive singular)
dopenida (genitive plural)
dopenide (dative singular)
dopenidum (dative plural)
dopænid (alternative)

From *doppa (“dipping”) + enid (“duck”).


cynebearn

cynebearn (nominative singular)
cynebearn (nominative plural)
cynebearn (accusative singular)
cynebearn (accusative plural)
cynebearnes (genitive singular)
cynebearna (genitive plural)
cynebearne (dative singular)
cynebearnum (dative plural)

Composed of cyne- + bearn, literally “royal child.”

child or offspring of a king: a prince or princess


wintres dæg

wintres dæġ (canonical masculine)
wintres dæġ (nominative singular)
wintres dagas (nominative plural)
wintres dæġ (accusative singular)
wintres dagas (accusative plural)
wintres dæġes (genitive singular)
wintres daga (genitive plural)
wintres dæġe (dative singular)
wintres dagum (dative plural)

the first day of winter, given in one Anglo-Saxon source as November 7th


docincel

dōcincel (canonical neuter)
dōcincel (nominative singular)
dōcinclu (nominative plural)
dōcincel (accusative singular)
dōcinclu (accusative plural)
dōcincles (genitive singular)
dōcincla (genitive plural)
dōcincle (dative singular)
dōcinclum (dative plural)


þwæle

þwǣle (canonical feminine)
þwǣle (nominative singular)
þwǣlan (nominative plural)
þwǣlan (accusative singular)
þwǣlan (accusative plural)
þwǣlan (genitive singular)
þwǣlena (genitive plural)
þwǣlan (dative singular)
þwǣlum (dative plural)
ðuaele (alternative)
thuēle (alternative)
thuǣlę (alternative)

a strip of material (e.g. bandage, ribbon, fillet, headband, etc.)


hysecild

hyseċild (canonical neuter)
hyseċild (nominative singular)
hyseċildru (nominative plural)
hyseċild (accusative singular)
hyseċildru (accusative plural)
hyseċildes (genitive singular)
hyseċildra (genitive plural)
hyseċilde (dative singular)
hyseċildrum (dative plural)
hyseċild (nominative singular)
hyseċild (nominative plural)
hyseċild (accusative singular)
hyseċild (accusative plural)
hyseċildes (genitive singular)
hyseċilda (genitive plural)
hyseċilde (dative singular)
hyseċildum (dative plural)

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of the Innocents"
Sende ða his cwelleras, and ofsloh ealle ða hysecild, þe wǽron on þære byrig Bethleem, and on eallum hyre gemærum, fram twywintrum cilde to anre nihte, be ðære tide þe hé geaxode æt ðam tungel-witegum.

He then sent his executioners, and slew all the male children that were in the city of Bethlehem, and in all its boundaries, from the child of two years to that of one day, according to the time which he had inquired of the astrologers.


heofone

heofone (nominative singular)
heofonan (nominative plural)
heofonan (accusative singular)
heofonan (accusative plural)
heofonan (genitive singular)
heofonena (genitive plural)
heofonan (dative singular)
heofonum (dative plural)


nafugar

nafugār (canonical masculine)
nafugār (nominative singular)
nafugāras (nominative plural)
nafugār (accusative singular)
nafugāras (accusative plural)
nafugāres (genitive singular)
nafugāra (genitive plural)
nafugāre (dative singular)
nafugārum (dative plural)
nafogār (alternative)

Middle English: nauger

English: auger

From Proto-West Germanic *nabugaiʀ. Cognate with Old Saxon navugēr, Old High German nabagēr, Old Norse nafarr. Equivalent to nafu (“nave”) + gār (“spear”).


bielg

bielġ (canonical masculine)
bielġ (nominative singular)
bielġas (nominative plural)
bielġ (accusative singular)
bielġas (accusative plural)
bielġes (genitive singular)
bielġa (genitive plural)
bielġe (dative singular)
bielġum (dative plural)
belġ (alternative)
bæliġ (alternative)
beliġ (alternative)
bylg (alternative)
byliġ (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: bely, beli, baly, balyw, belgh, belwe, belu
English: belly, ballow, bellows
Scots: belly, bally
Yola: bellee, belooze


hyssas

nominative and accusative plural of hyse


gieddung

ġieddung (canonical feminine)
ġieddung (nominative singular)
ġieddunga (nominative plural)
ġieddunge (nominative plural)
ġieddunge (accusative singular)
ġieddunga (accusative plural)
ġieddunge (accusative plural)
ġieddunge (genitive singular)
ġieddunga (genitive plural)
ġieddunge (dative singular)
ġieddungum (dative plural)
ġiddung (alternative)
ġeddung (alternative)
ġiedding (alternative)
ġidding (alternative)
ġydding (alternative)

Middle English: ȝedding

English: yedding


ormodnes

ormōdnes (canonical feminine)
ormōdnes (nominative singular)
ormōdnessa (nominative plural)
ormōdnesse (nominative plural)
ormōdnesse (accusative singular)
ormōdnessa (accusative plural)
ormōdnesse (accusative plural)
ormōdnesse (genitive singular)
ormōdnessa (genitive plural)
ormōdnesse (dative singular)
ormōdnessum (dative plural)


scieppend

sċieppend (canonical masculine)
sċieppend (nominative singular)
sċieppend (nominative plural)
sċieppende (nominative plural)
sċieppendas (nominative plural)
sċieppend (accusative singular)
sċieppend (accusative plural)
sċieppende (accusative plural)
sċieppendas (accusative plural)
sċieppendes (genitive singular)
sċieppendra (genitive plural)
sċieppende (dative singular)
sċieppendum (dative plural)
sċippend (alternative Late-West-Saxon)
sċyppend (alternative Late-West-Saxon)
sċeppend (alternative Mercian)

Alternative letter-case form of Sċieppend


weargtreow

weargtrēow (canonical neuter)
weargtrēow (nominative singular)
weargtrēow (nominative plural)
weargtrēow (accusative singular)
weargtrēow (accusative plural)
weargtrēowes (genitive singular)
weargtrēowa (genitive plural)
weargtrēowe (dative singular)
weargtrēowum (dative plural)

[ˈwæ͜ɑrˠɣˌtre͜oːw]

From Proto-Germanic *wargatrewą (“gallows; (literally) outlaw-tree”). Equivalent to wearg + trēow. Cognate with Old Saxon waragtreo and Old Norse vargtré.


Þrowendas

Þrōwendas (canonical masculine plural)
Þrōwend (nominative plural)
Þrōwende (nominative plural)
Þrōwendas (nominative plural)
Þrōwend (accusative plural)
Þrōwende (accusative plural)
Þrōwendas (accusative plural)
Þrōwendra (genitive plural)
Þrōwendum (dative plural)
Þrōwende (alternative)

desc

→ English: Throwends, Throwens (learned)

Compare Proto-Norse *þrōwendīʀ m pl, from Proto-Germanic *þrōwōną (“to grow, thrive, prosper”) + *-ndz. Cognate with Old Norse þrǿndir, þrǿndr, Icelandic Þrændir and Norwegian trønder.

af

Mid Þyringum ic wæs and mid Þrowendum and mid Burgendum,

1898, Joseph Bosworth, Thomas Northcote Toller, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, page 1072:

With Thuringians I was and with Throwends and with Burgundians,

Thronds, Throwends; a Norwegian people inhabiting the area of modern Trøndelag.


hweohhol

Apparently from Proto-West Germanic *hwehhwl, alteration of *hwehwl.


frecn

frēcn (canonical neuter)
frēcn (nominative singular)
frēcn (nominative plural)
frēcn (accusative singular)
frēcn (accusative plural)
frēcnes (genitive singular)
frēcna (genitive plural)
frēcne (dative singular)
frēcnum (dative plural)
frēcen (alternative)
frēcne (alternative)
frœ̄cen (alternative)
frǣcen (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *frōkni, from Proto-Germanic *frōkniz.


witga

wītga (canonical masculine)
wītga (nominative singular)
wītgan (nominative plural)
wītgan (accusative singular)
wītgan (accusative plural)
wītgan (genitive singular)
wītgena (genitive plural)
wītgan (dative singular)
wītgum (dative plural)
wītega (alternative)
wītiga (alternative)
wȳtega (alternative)

Middle English: witeȝe, witiȝe, witie

From earlier *wītægā, from Proto-West Germanic *wītagō.

(of things) foreshadowing, presage, omen


witge

wītġe (canonical feminine)
wītġe (nominative singular)
wītgan (nominative plural)
wītgan (accusative singular)
wītgan (accusative plural)
wītgan (genitive singular)
wītgena (genitive plural)
wītgan (dative singular)
wītgum (dative plural)
wīteġe (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *wītagā. Cognate with Old High German wīzaga. Equivalent to wītga + -e.


witgestre

wītġestre (canonical feminine)
wītġestre (nominative singular)
wītġestran (nominative plural)
wītġestran (accusative singular)
wītġestran (accusative plural)
wītġestran (genitive singular)
wītġestrena (genitive plural)
wītġestran (dative singular)
wītġestrum (dative plural)
wīteġestre (alternative)

Equivalent to wītga + -estre or wītgian + -estre.


tungolwitga

tungolwītga (canonical masculine)
tungolwītga (nominative singular)
tungolwītgan (nominative plural)
tungolwītgan (accusative singular)
tungolwītgan (accusative plural)
tungolwītgan (genitive singular)
tungolwītgena (genitive plural)
tungolwītgan (dative singular)
tungolwītgum (dative plural)
tungolwītega (alternative)

Compound of tungol (“star”) + wītga (“prophet”). Displaced by English astrologer. Compare Old Polish gwiazdomówca or Ancient Greek ἀστρολόγος (astrológos), which are formed using similar lexemes.

com+

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Manuscript A, year 2

Then astrologers from the east came to worship Christ.

Þā tungolwītgan of ēastdǣle cōmon tō þon þæt hīe Crist weorðoden.


tungolwitega

tungolwītega (canonical masculine)
tungolwītega (nominative singular)
tungolwītegan (nominative plural)
tungolwītegan (accusative singular)
tungolwītegan (accusative plural)
tungolwītegan (genitive singular)
tungolwītegena (genitive plural)
tungolwītegan (dative singular)
tungolwītegum (dative plural)


witgung

wītgung (canonical feminine)
wītgung (nominative singular)
wītgunga (nominative plural)
wītgunge (nominative plural)
wītgunge (accusative singular)
wītgunga (accusative plural)
wītgunge (accusative plural)
wītgunge (genitive singular)
wītgunga (genitive plural)
wītgunge (dative singular)
wītgungum (dative plural)
wītegung (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *wītagungu. Cognate with Old High German wīzagunga. Equivalent to wītgian + -ung.


witigdom

wītiġdōm (canonical masculine)
wītiġdōm (nominative singular)
wītiġdōmas (nominative plural)
wītiġdōm (accusative singular)
wītiġdōmas (accusative plural)
wītiġdōmes (genitive singular)
wītiġdōma (genitive plural)
wītiġdōme (dative singular)
wītiġdōmum (dative plural)
wītedōm (alternative)
wīteġdōm (alternative)
wītgadōm (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *wītagadōm. Cognate with Old High German wīzagtuom. By the literary period equivalent to wītiġ + -dōm, but probably formed originally from the etymons of wītga + -dōm; wītiġdōm is the expected outcome either way. Compare lǣċedōm (“medicine”), which is formed similarly.


colpytt

colpytt (nominative singular)
colpyttas (nominative plural)
colpytt (accusative singular)
colpyttas (accusative plural)
colpyttes (genitive singular)
colpytta (genitive plural)
colpytte (dative singular)
colpyttum (dative plural)

Middle English: colpit

English: coalpit

Composed of col (“coal”) + pytt (“pit”).

coalpit: a pit where coal is extracted or charcoal is made


mægeþhad

mæġeþhād (canonical masculine)
mæġeþhād (nominative singular)
mæġeþhādas (nominative plural)
mæġeþhād (accusative singular)
mæġeþhādas (accusative plural)
mæġeþhādes (genitive singular)
mæġeþhāda (genitive plural)
mæġeþhāde (dative singular)
mæġeþhādum (dative plural)
mæġþhād (alternative)

Composed of mæġeþ (“virgin”) + -hād (“-hood”). Compare Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌴𐌹 (magaþei, “virginity”), with the same first element.

c. 992, Ælfric, "On the Purification of St. Mary"
Mæġeþhād is ǣġðer ġe on wǣpnedmannum ġe on wīfmannum.


mægeþblæd

mæġeþblæd (canonical neuter)
mæġeþblæd (nominative singular)
mæġeþbladu (nominative plural)
mæġeþblæd (accusative singular)
mæġeþbladu (accusative plural)
mæġeþblædes (genitive singular)
mæġeþblada (genitive plural)
mæġeþblæde (dative singular)
mæġeþbladum (dative plural)
mæġþblæd (alternative)


cealfra hus

ċealfra hūs (canonical neuter)
ċealfra hūs (nominative singular)
ċealfra hūs (nominative plural)
ċealfra hūs (accusative singular)
ċealfra hūs (accusative plural)
ċealfra hūses (genitive singular)
ċealfra hūsa (genitive plural)
ċealfra hūse (dative singular)
ċealfra hūsum (dative plural)

[ˈt͡ʃæ͜ɑɫ.vrɑ ˌhuːs]

Literally "house of calves," more idiomatically "calf house." Compare hunda hūs.


læcecist

lǣċeċist (canonical feminine)
lǣċeċist (nominative singular)
lǣċeċista (nominative plural)
lǣċeċiste (nominative plural)
lǣċeċiste (accusative singular)
lǣċeċista (accusative plural)
lǣċeċiste (accusative plural)
lǣċeċiste (genitive singular)
lǣċeċista (genitive plural)
lǣċeċiste (dative singular)
lǣċeċistum (dative plural)

Composed of lǣċe (“doctor”) + ċist (“chest”).


feorhadl

feorhādl (canonical feminine)
feorhādl (nominative singular)
feorhādla (nominative plural)
feorhādle (nominative plural)
feorhādle (accusative singular)
feorhādla (accusative plural)
feorhādle (accusative plural)
feorhādle (genitive singular)
feorhādla (genitive plural)
feorhādle (dative singular)
feorhādlum (dative plural)

Composed of feorh (“life”) + ādl (“disease”).


cildclaþ

ċildclāþ (canonical masculine)
ċildclāþ (nominative singular)
ċildclāþas (nominative plural)
ċildclāþ (accusative singular)
ċildclāþas (accusative plural)
ċildclāþes (genitive singular)
ċildclāþa (genitive plural)
ċildclāþe (dative singular)
ċildclāþum (dative plural)

[ˈt͡ʃiɫdˌklɑːθ]

Composed of ċild (“baby”) + clāþ (“cloth”).

swaddling cloth; (in the plural), swaddling clothes


munuccild

munucċild (canonical neuter)
munucċild (nominative singular)
munucċildru (nominative plural)
munucċild (accusative singular)
munucċildru (accusative plural)
munucċildes (genitive singular)
munucċildra (genitive plural)
munucċilde (dative singular)
munucċildrum (dative plural)
munucċild (nominative singular)
munucċild (nominative plural)
munucċild (accusative singular)
munucċild (accusative plural)
munucċildes (genitive singular)
munucċilda (genitive plural)
munucċilde (dative singular)
munucċildum (dative plural)

Composed of munuc (“monk”) + ċild (“child”).


giemeliest

ġīemelīest (canonical feminine)
ġīemelīest (nominative singular)
ġīemelīesta (nominative plural)
ġīemelīeste (nominative plural)
ġīemelīeste (accusative singular)
ġīemelīesta (accusative plural)
ġīemelīeste (accusative plural)
ġīemelīeste (genitive singular)
ġīemelīesta (genitive plural)
ġīemelīeste (dative singular)
ġīemelīestum (dative plural)
ġīemelēast (alternative)
ġȳmelēast (alternative)
ġīmelēast (alternative)

Composed of ġīemelēas + -t or ġīeme + -līest.


cattes minte

cattes minte (nominative singular)
cattes mintan (nominative plural)
cattes mintan (accusative singular)
cattes mintan (accusative plural)
cattes mintan (genitive singular)
cattes mintena (genitive plural)
cattes mintan (dative singular)
cattes mintum (dative plural)

Middle English: cattes minte

English: catmint

Unattested in Old English; its listing in the Bosworth-Toller is an error. However, the word's appearance in early Middle English (c. 1230) and other Germanic languages (German Katzenminze, Icelandic kattarminta, Swedish kattmynta) means that it is very likely to have existed in Old English as well.


oferhygd

oferhyġd (canonical feminine)
oferhyġd (nominative singular)
oferhyġde (nominative plural)
oferhyġda (nominative plural)
oferhyġd (accusative singular)
oferhyġde (accusative singular)
oferhyġde (accusative plural)
oferhyġda (accusative plural)
oferhyġde (genitive singular)
oferhyġda (genitive plural)
oferhyġde (dative singular)
oferhyġdum (dative plural)


cycenþegnung

cyċenþeġnung (canonical feminine)
cyċenþeġnung (nominative singular)
cyċenþeġnunga (nominative plural)
cyċenþeġnunge (nominative plural)
cyċenþeġnunge (accusative singular)
cyċenþeġnunga (accusative plural)
cyċenþeġnunge (accusative plural)
cyċenþeġnunge (genitive singular)
cyċenþeġnunga (genitive plural)
cyċenþeġnunge (dative singular)
cyċenþeġnungum (dative plural)
cyċenþēnung (alternative)

Composed of cyċene (“kitchen”) + þeġnung (“service”).

compound

Sē ærċediācon and sē prēost mōton bēon āspelode fram þǣre cyċenþeġnunge.

The archdeacon and the priest may be excused from kitchen duty.


gefylca

ġefylċa (canonical masculine)
ġefylċa (nominative singular)
ġefylċan (nominative plural)
ġefylċan (accusative singular)
ġefylċan (accusative plural)
ġefylċan (genitive singular)
ġefylċena (genitive plural)
ġefylċan (dative singular)
ġefylċum (dative plural)
ġefylċea (alternative)


nihtwaru

nihtwaru (nominative singular)
nihtwara (nominative plural)
nihtware (nominative plural)
nihtware (accusative singular)
nihtwara (accusative plural)
nihtware (accusative plural)
nihtware (genitive singular)
nihtwara (genitive plural)
nihtware (dative singular)
nihtwarum (dative plural)

English: nightwear


eowestre

ēowestre (canonical feminine masculine)
ēowestre (nominative singular)
ēowestras (nominative plural)
ēowestre (accusative singular)
ēowestras (accusative plural)
ēowestres (genitive singular)
ēowestra (genitive plural)
ēowestre (dative singular)
ēowestrum (dative plural)
ēowestre (nominative singular)
ēowestran (nominative plural)
ēowestran (accusative singular)
ēowestran (accusative plural)
ēowestran (genitive singular)
ēowestrena (genitive plural)
ēowestran (dative singular)
ēowestrum (dative plural)
ēwestre (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *awistr, from Proto-Germanic *awistrą.


dolgswæþ

dolgswæþ (nominative singular)
dolgswaþu (nominative plural)
dolgswæþ (accusative singular)
dolgswaþu (accusative plural)
dolgswæþes (genitive singular)
dolgswaþa (genitive plural)
dolgswæþe (dative singular)
dolgswaþum (dative plural)
dolhswæþ (alternative)

[ˈdoɫɣˌswæθ]

Composed of dolg (“wound”) + swæþ (“trace”).


ladþeow

lādþēow (canonical masculine)
lādþēow (nominative singular)
lādþēowas (nominative plural)
lādþēow (accusative singular)
lādþēowas (accusative plural)
lādþēowes (genitive singular)
lādþēowa (genitive plural)
lādþēowe (dative singular)
lādþēowum (dative plural)

/ˈlɑːdˌθe͜oːw/


latteow

lāttēow (canonical masculine)
lāttēow (nominative singular)
lāttēowas (nominative plural)
lāttēow (accusative singular)
lāttēowas (accusative plural)
lāttēowes (genitive singular)
lāttēowa (genitive plural)
lāttēowe (dative singular)
lāttēowum (dative plural)


deafu

dēafu (canonical feminine)
dēafu (nominative singular)
dēafa (nominative plural)
dēafe (nominative plural)
dēafe (accusative singular)
dēafa (accusative plural)
dēafe (accusative plural)
dēafe (genitive singular)
dēafa (genitive plural)
dēafe (dative singular)
dēafum (dative plural)
dīefu (alternative)

From dēaf + -u. Compare Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹 (daubei, “callousness, hardness (of heart)”).


liferadl

liferādl (canonical feminine)
liferādl (nominative singular)
liferādla (nominative plural)
liferādle (nominative plural)
liferādle (accusative singular)
liferādla (accusative plural)
liferādle (accusative plural)
liferādle (genitive singular)
liferādla (genitive plural)
liferādle (dative singular)
liferādlum (dative plural)


trindan

inflection of trinda:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of trinda:
genitive/dative singular


trinda

trinda (nominative singular)
trindan (nominative plural)
trindan (accusative singular)
trindan (accusative plural)
trindan (genitive singular)
trindena (genitive plural)
trindan (dative singular)
trindum (dative plural)

⇒ Middle English: *umbetrind, ummbetrin

From *trind (“round”) + -a; first element from Proto-West Germanic *trind (“round”).


trinde

trinde (nominative singular)
trindan (nominative plural)
trindan (accusative singular)
trindan (accusative plural)
trindan (genitive singular)
trindena (genitive plural)
trindan (dative singular)
trindum (dative plural)

⇒ Middle English: *umbetrind, ummbetrin

From *trind (“round”) + -e; first element from Proto-West Germanic *trind (“round”).


trundulnes

trundulnes (nominative singular)
trundulnessa (nominative plural)
trundulnesse (nominative plural)
trundulnesse (accusative singular)
trundulnessa (accusative plural)
trundulnesse (accusative plural)
trundulnesse (genitive singular)
trundulnessa (genitive plural)
trundulnesse (dative singular)
trundulnessum (dative plural)
trundulness (alternative)
trundulnis (alternative)
trundulniss (alternative)


bebyrging

bebyrġing (canonical feminine)
bebyrġing (nominative singular)
bebyrġinga (nominative plural)
bebyrġinge (nominative plural)
bebyrġinge (accusative singular)
bebyrġinga (accusative plural)
bebyrġinge (accusative plural)
bebyrġinge (genitive singular)
bebyrġinga (genitive plural)
bebyrġinge (dative singular)
bebyrġingum (dative plural)
bebyrġung (alternative)


bebyrgung

bebyrġung (canonical feminine)
bebyrġung (nominative singular)
bebyrġunga (nominative plural)
bebyrġunge (nominative plural)
bebyrġunge (accusative singular)
bebyrġunga (accusative plural)
bebyrġunge (accusative plural)
bebyrġunge (genitive singular)
bebyrġunga (genitive plural)
bebyrġunge (dative singular)
bebyrġungum (dative plural)


andetta

andetta (nominative singular)
andettan (nominative plural)
andettan (accusative singular)
andettan (accusative plural)
andettan (genitive singular)
andettena (genitive plural)
andettan (dative singular)
andettum (dative plural)

someone who admits or confesses: confessor


andetnes

andetnes (nominative singular)
andetnessa (nominative plural)
andetnesse (nominative plural)
andetnesse (accusative singular)
andetnessa (accusative plural)
andetnesse (accusative plural)
andetnesse (genitive singular)
andetnessa (genitive plural)
andetnesse (dative singular)
andetnessum (dative plural)

Composed of either andettan or its past participle andett + -nes.

(countable, uncountable) confession, admitting


onbryrdnes

onbryrdnes (nominative singular)
onbryrdnessa (nominative plural)
onbryrdnesse (nominative plural)
onbryrdnesse (accusative singular)
onbryrdnessa (accusative plural)
onbryrdnesse (accusative plural)
onbryrdnesse (genitive singular)
onbryrdnessa (genitive plural)
onbryrdnesse (dative singular)
onbryrdnessum (dative plural)
onbryrdness (alternative)
onbryrdnys (alternative)
onbryrdnyss (alternative)
onbrirdnes (alternative)
onbrirdnys (alternative)
onbrirdnyss (alternative)

Composed of either onbryrdan or its past participle onbryrded + -nes.


hrædnes

hrædnes (nominative singular)
hrædnessa (nominative plural)
hrædnesse (nominative plural)
hrædnesse (accusative singular)
hrædnessa (accusative plural)
hrædnesse (accusative plural)
hrædnesse (genitive singular)
hrædnessa (genitive plural)
hrædnesse (dative singular)
hrædnessum (dative plural)
hrædness (alternative)
hrædnys (alternative)
hrædnyss (alternative)


lætnes

lætnes (nominative singular)
lætnessa (nominative plural)
lætnesse (nominative plural)
lætnesse (accusative singular)
lætnessa (accusative plural)
lætnesse (accusative plural)
lætnesse (genitive singular)
lætnessa (genitive plural)
lætnesse (dative singular)
lætnessum (dative plural)
lætness (alternative)
lætnys (alternative)
lætnyss (alternative)


fearas

/ˈfæ͜ɑː.rɑs/

nominative and accusative plural of fearh


lynis

lynis (nominative singular)
lynisas (nominative plural)
lynis (accusative singular)
lynisas (accusative plural)
lynises (genitive singular)
lynisa (genitive plural)
lynise (dative singular)
lynisum (dative plural)

Middle English: lins, lyns, lynce, lens

desc

⇒ Middle English: linspin, linpin, lynpinn

English: linchpin, linpin

Scots: linspin, linpin

⇒ Early Scots: lynnale

Scots: lin-nail, lyn-nail

From Proto-West Germanic *lunis, from Proto-Germanic *lunisaz, from Proto-Germanic *lunaz, from Proto-Indo-European *lnH-, zero-grade of *lénHos (“axletree, linchpin”).


gemaca

ġemaca (canonical masculine)
ġemaca (nominative singular)
ġemacan (nominative plural)
ġemacan (accusative singular)
ġemacan (accusative plural)
ġemacan (genitive singular)
ġemacena (genitive plural)
ġemacan (dative singular)
ġemacum (dative plural)
ġimaca (alternative)
ġimacca (alternative)

Middle English: ȝemace, imake, make

English: make

Scots: make, mak

From Proto-West Germanic *gamakō, from Proto-Germanic *gamakô, equivalent to ġe- + maca. Cognate with Old Saxon gimako, Old High German gimahho, and Old Norse maki.

c. 992, Ælfric, "ON THE PURIFICATION OF ST. MARY"
and syððan, mid Godes bletsunge, genealæcan hyre gemacan.

and afterwards, with God's blessing, approach her consort.


sceppe

sceppe (nominative singular)
sceppan (nominative plural)
sceppan (accusative singular)
sceppan (accusative plural)
sceppan (genitive singular)
sceppena (genitive plural)
sceppan (dative singular)
sceppum (dative plural)

Middle English: skeppe, skyppe, skep

English: skep, skip

Scots: skep

From Old Norse skeppa, skjappa (“a bushel, measure”), from Old Saxon *skeppio, whence Middle Low German scheppe (“a unit of weight”). Ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *skappjō (compare Proto-West Germanic *skap (“shape”)), from Proto-Germanic *skapjô (“vessel, tub, bushel”), from *skapą (“a creation, shape”).


fifalde

fīfalde (canonical feminine)
fīfalde (nominative singular)
fīfaldan (nominative plural)
fīfaldan (accusative singular)
fīfaldan (accusative plural)
fīfaldan (genitive singular)
fīfaldena (genitive plural)
fīfaldan (dative singular)
fīfaldum (dative plural)
fīfealde (alternative)
fīffealde (alternative)
fīffalde (alternative)


rædic

rǣdiċ (canonical masculine)
rǣdiċ (nominative singular)
rǣdcas (nominative plural)
rǣdiċ (accusative singular)
rǣdcas (accusative plural)
rǣdċes (genitive singular)
rǣdca (genitive plural)
rǣdċe (dative singular)
rǣdcum (dative plural)
rediċ (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: radiche, radishe, redich, raddik, radike, redic, radisshe, radische, radik, radysche, radish
English: radish, raddish (obsolete)
→? Malay: rades
→ Maori: rātihi
Scots: raidish
→? Irish: raidis

From Proto-West Germanic *rādik, borrowed from Latin rādix.


husldisc

hūsldisċ (canonical masculine)
hūsldisċ (nominative singular)
hūsldiscas (nominative plural)
hūsldisċ (accusative singular)
hūsldiscas (accusative plural)
hūsldisċes (genitive singular)
hūsldisca (genitive plural)
hūsldisċe (dative singular)
hūsldiscum (dative plural)

Composed of hūsl (“Eucharist”) + disċ (“plate”).


gesod

ġesod (canonical neuter)
ġesod (nominative singular)
ġesodu (nominative plural)
ġesod (accusative singular)
ġesodu (accusative plural)
ġesodes (genitive singular)
ġesoda (genitive plural)
ġesode (dative singular)
ġesodum (dative plural)


sweot

swēot (canonical neuter)
swēot (nominative singular)
swēot (nominative plural)
swēot (accusative singular)
swēot (accusative plural)
swēotes (genitive singular)
swēota (genitive plural)
swēote (dative singular)
swēotum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *sweut, from Proto-Germanic *swajutą (“troop, host, band”).


hælftre

hælftre (nominative singular)
hælftra (nominative plural)
hælftre (nominative plural)
hælftre (accusative singular)
hælftra (accusative plural)
hælftre (accusative plural)
hælftre (genitive singular)
hælftra (genitive plural)
hælftre (dative singular)
hælftrum (dative plural)
hælftre (nominative singular)
hælftras (nominative plural)
hælftre (accusative singular)
hælftras (accusative plural)
hælftres (genitive singular)
hælftra (genitive plural)
hælftre (dative singular)
hælftrum (dative plural)
hælftre (nominative singular)
hælftru (nominative plural)
hælftre (accusative singular)
hælftru (accusative plural)
hælftres (genitive singular)
hælftra (genitive plural)
hælftre (dative singular)
hælftrum (dative plural)
hælftreo (alternative)
hælfter (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: halter, helter, heltre, heltere, helfter, heltyr, haltre, haltur, heltrer
English: halter
Scots: helter, heltir, hilter


pundfald

pundfald (nominative singular)
pundfaldas (nominative plural)
pundfald (accusative singular)
pundfaldas (accusative plural)
pundfaldes (genitive singular)
pundfalda (genitive plural)
pundfalde (dative singular)
pundfaldum (dative plural)
*pundfalod (alternative)
*pundfalud (alternative)
*pundfalæd (alternative)

desc

Middle English: pundfald, pundfold, punfald, punfold, pinfold

English: pinfold

Scots: pundfald, poundfald, poindfald, poundfauld, pindfauld, pumfell


wæterpund

wæterpund (nominative singular)
wæterpund (nominative plural)
wæterpund (accusative singular)
wæterpund (accusative plural)
wæterpundes (genitive singular)
wæterpunda (genitive plural)
wæterpunde (dative singular)
wæterpundum (dative plural)

a level, specifically, a water level (instrument)


hornungsunu

hornungsunu (nominative singular)
hornungsuna (nominative plural)
hornungsunu (accusative singular)
hornungsuna (accusative plural)
hornungsuna (genitive singular)
hornungsuna (genitive plural)
hornungsuna (dative singular)
hornungsunum (dative plural)

From *hornung + sunu. Compare Faroese horkonusonur (“bastard”).


simelgefera

simelġefēra (canonical masculine)
simelġefēra (nominative singular)
simelġefēran (nominative plural)
simelġefēran (accusative singular)
simelġefēran (accusative plural)
simelġefēran (genitive singular)
simelġefērena (genitive plural)
simelġefēran (dative singular)
simelġefērum (dative plural)
simbelġefēra (alternative)
symbelġefēra (alternative)


furhwudu

furhwudu (nominative singular)
furhwuda (nominative plural)
furhwudu (accusative singular)
furhwuda (accusative plural)
furhwuda (genitive singular)
furhwuda (genitive plural)
furhwuda (dative singular)
furhwudum (dative plural)
*furhwidu (alternative)

Middle English: *firrewode, *firwode

English: firwood


æderseax

ǣderseax (canonical neuter)
ǣderseax (nominative singular)
ǣderseax (nominative plural)
ǣderseax (accusative singular)
ǣderseax (accusative plural)
ǣderseaxes (genitive singular)
ǣderseaxa (genitive plural)
ǣderseaxe (dative singular)
ǣderseaxum (dative plural)
ǣdreseax (alternative)


stillnes

stillnes (nominative singular)
stillnessa (nominative plural)
stillnesse (nominative plural)
stillnesse (accusative singular)
stillnessa (accusative plural)
stillnesse (accusative plural)
stillnesse (genitive singular)
stillnessa (genitive plural)
stillnesse (dative singular)
stillnessum (dative plural)


dierling

dīerling (canonical masculine)
dīerling (nominative singular)
dīerlingas (nominative plural)
dīerling (accusative singular)
dīerlingas (accusative plural)
dīerlinges (genitive singular)
dīerlinga (genitive plural)
dīerlinge (dative singular)
dīerlingum (dative plural)
dēorling (alternative)
dīorling (alternative)
dȳrling (alternative)
dērling (alternative)
dīrling (alternative)

Middle English: derling, darlyng

English: darling; dearling

Scots: derling, darling

From Proto-West Germanic *diuriling, from Proto-Germanic *diurijalingaz, equivalent to dīere + -ling. Cognate with Old Norse dýrlingr.


fotmæl

fōtmǣl (canonical neuter)
fōtmǣl (nominative singular)
fōtmǣl (nominative plural)
fōtmǣl (accusative singular)
fōtmǣl (accusative plural)
fōtmǣles (genitive singular)
fōtmǣla (genitive plural)
fōtmǣle (dative singular)
fōtmǣlum (dative plural)

⇒ Middle English: *fotmelen, *fotmele, fotmel (“by feet”, adverb)

English: footmeal


mædwa

nominative accusative and genitive plural of mǣd


healfwegas

[ˈhæ͜ɑɫvˌwe.ɣɑs]

nominative and accusative plural of healfweġ


niedbad

nīedbād (canonical feminine)
nīedbād (nominative singular)
nīedbāda (nominative plural)
nīedbāde (nominative plural)
nīedbāde (accusative singular)
nīedbāda (accusative plural)
nīedbāde (accusative plural)
nīedbāde (genitive singular)
nīedbāda (genitive plural)
nīedbāde (dative singular)
nīedbādum (dative plural)
nīdbād (alternative)
nȳdbād (alternative)
nēdbād (alternative)


tifer

tifer (nominative singular)
tifer (nominative plural)
tifer (accusative singular)
tifer (accusative plural)
tifres (genitive singular)
tifra (genitive plural)
tifre (dative singular)
tifrum (dative plural)
tiber (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *tibr, from Proto-Germanic *tibrą.


tiber

tiber (nominative singular)
tiber (nominative plural)
tiber (accusative singular)
tiber (accusative plural)
tibres (genitive singular)
tibra (genitive plural)
tibre (dative singular)
tibrum (dative plural)


swegelhorn

sweġelhorn (canonical neuter)
sweġelhorn (nominative singular)
sweġelhorn (nominative plural)
sweġelhorn (accusative singular)
sweġelhorn (accusative plural)
sweġelhornes (genitive singular)
sweġelhorna (genitive plural)
sweġelhorne (dative singular)
sweġelhornum (dative plural)
sweġlhorn (alternative)


swarcmodnes

swārcmōdnes (canonical feminine)
swārcmōdnes (nominative singular)
swārcmōdnessa (nominative plural)
swārcmōdnesse (nominative plural)
swārcmōdnesse (accusative singular)
swārcmōdnessa (accusative plural)
swārcmōdnesse (accusative plural)
swārcmōdnesse (genitive singular)
swārcmōdnessa (genitive plural)
swārcmōdnesse (dative singular)
swārcmōdnessum (dative plural)


swearcung

swearcung (nominative singular)
swearcunga (nominative plural)
swearcunge (nominative plural)
swearcunge (accusative singular)
swearcunga (accusative plural)
swearcunge (accusative plural)
swearcunge (genitive singular)
swearcunga (genitive plural)
swearcunge (dative singular)
swearcungum (dative plural)
swarcung (alternative)


wæstling

wæstling (nominative singular)
wæstlingas (nominative plural)
wæstling (accusative singular)
wæstlingas (accusative plural)
wæstlinges (genitive singular)
wæstlinga (genitive plural)
wæstlinge (dative singular)
wæstlingum (dative plural)
wæstlingc (alternative)
weslinc (alternative)

From *wæst, *wæste, from Proto-West Germanic *wasti, *wastiju, from Proto-Germanic *wastiz, *wastijō + -ling.


Sweon

inflection of Swēo:
nominative/accusative plural

inflection of Swēo:
accusative/genitive/dative singular