casere

cāsere (canonical masculine)
cāsere (nominative singular)
cāseras (nominative plural)
cāsere (accusative singular)
cāseras (accusative plural)
cāseres (genitive singular)
cāsera (genitive plural)
cāsere (dative singular)
cāserum (dative plural)
cāsaer (alternative)
cāser (alternative)
kāsere (alternative)

Middle English: casere, kasere, caser, casare, kasar (Northern)
Middle Scots: casar, casere, cazard

From Proto-West Germanic *kaisar, from Latin Caesar. The original form must have been cāser (attested in the East Anglian royal genealogy and the Rituale Ecclesiae Dunelmensis, and, as cāsaer, in the Liber Vitae Dunelmensis), which is why "empress" is cāseren and not *cāsestre. The final -e was added later by analogy with the suffix -ere.

late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
Ðā wæs ymb hundtēontiġ wintra 7 nigan 7 hundeahtatiġ wintra frām Drihtnes mennisċnysse, þæt Seuerus cāsere, sē was Æffrica cynnes, of þǣre byriġ ðe Lepti hātte,-sē was seofonteoġeða frām Agusto—þat hē rīċe onfeng, ⁊ þæt hæfde seofontȳne ġēar.

It was about one hundred eighty-nine years after the Lord's incarnation that Emperor Severus, who was African, from the city known as Leptis—the seventeenth [emperor] from Augustus—took the throne, and held it for seventeen years.


endunge

inflection of endung:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of endung:
nominative/accusative plural


dalc

dalc (nominative singular)
dalcas (nominative plural)
dalc (accusative singular)
dalcas (accusative plural)
dalces (genitive singular)
dalca (genitive plural)
dalce (dative singular)
dalcum (dative plural)
dolc (alternative)

Middle English: dalk, dalke

English: dalk, (dialectal) dawk

From Proto-West Germanic *dalk, *dolk, from Proto-Germanic *dalkaz, *dulkaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰalg-, *dʰalk- (“pricking, stabbing, or cutting tool; needle, pin; knife”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰelg-, *dʰelk- (“to stick, prick, stab”).


stiepel

stīepel (canonical masculine)
stīepel (nominative singular)
stīeplas (nominative plural)
stīepel (accusative singular)
stīeplas (accusative plural)
stīeples (genitive singular)
stīepla (genitive plural)
stīeple (dative singular)
stīeplum (dative plural)
stȳpel (alternative)
stīpel (alternative)
stēpel (alternative)

Middle English: stepel

English: steeple

Scots: stepil, steipil, stipil

From Proto-West Germanic *staupil, from Proto-Germanic *staupilaz, from *staupaz (“high, steep”) + *-ilaz. Equivalent to stēap + -el. Compare Old Norse stǫpull (“steeple, tower”).

Sē stīepel is swīðe hēah.


fyrtorr

fȳrtorr (canonical masculine)
fȳrtorr (nominative singular)
fȳrtorras (nominative plural)
fȳrtorr (accusative singular)
fȳrtorras (accusative plural)
fȳrtorres (genitive singular)
fȳrtorra (genitive plural)
fȳrtorre (dative singular)
fȳrtorrum (dative plural)
fȳrtor (alternative)

From fȳr (“fire”) + torr (“tower”). Compare West Frisian fjoertoer, Dutch vuurtoren, Swedish fyrtorn.


citelung

citelung (nominative singular)
citelunga (nominative plural)
citelunge (nominative plural)
citelunge (accusative singular)
citelunga (accusative plural)
citelunge (accusative plural)
citelunge (genitive singular)
citelunga (genitive plural)
citelunge (dative singular)
citelungum (dative plural)
kitelung (alternative)

Middle English: kitlynge, kittillyng

English: kittling


healftrendel

healftrendel (nominative singular)
healftrendlas (nominative plural)
healftrendel (accusative singular)
healftrendlas (accusative plural)
healftrendles (genitive singular)
healftrendla (genitive plural)
healftrendle (dative singular)
healftrendlum (dative plural)
healftryndel (alternative)

From healf- (“half-”) + trendel (“sphere”).


hwelca

hwelca (nominative singular)
hwelcan (nominative plural)
hwelcan (accusative singular)
hwelcan (accusative plural)
hwelcan (genitive singular)
hwelcena (genitive plural)
hwelcan (dative singular)
hwelcum (dative plural)
hwylca (alternative)

Middle English: whelke

English: whelk

Apparently from *hwele + -ca (diminutive ending).


hwele

hwele (nominative singular)
hwelan (nominative plural)
hwelan (accusative singular)
hwelan (accusative plural)
hwelan (genitive singular)
hwelena (genitive plural)
hwelan (dative singular)
hwelum (dative plural)
*hwela (alternative)

Middle English: whele

English: wheal

Unknown. Possibly related to the verb hwelian (“to form pus”). Also compare Latin colostra.


hwylca

hwylca (nominative singular)
hwylcan (nominative plural)
hwylcan (accusative singular)
hwylcan (accusative plural)
hwylcan (genitive singular)
hwylcena (genitive plural)
hwylcan (dative singular)
hwylcum (dative plural)


þæctigele

þæctiġele (canonical feminine)
þæctiġele (nominative singular)
þæctiġelan (nominative plural)
þæctiġelan (accusative singular)
þæctiġelan (accusative plural)
þæctiġelan (genitive singular)
þæctiġelena (genitive plural)
þæctiġelan (dative singular)
þæctiġelum (dative plural)

From þæc (“roof”) + tiġele (“tile”). Akin to German Dachziegel, Swedish taktegel.


undernmæl

undernmǣl (canonical neuter)
undermǣl (alternative)

Middle English: undermel undermele

English: undermeal


scamol

sċamol (canonical masculine)
sċamol (nominative singular)
sċamolas (nominative plural)
sċamol (accusative singular)
sċamolas (accusative plural)
sċamoles (genitive singular)
sċamola (genitive plural)
sċamole (dative singular)
sċamolum (dative plural)
sċamul (alternative)
sċamel (alternative)
sċeamol (alternative)
sċeamul (alternative)
sċeamel (alternative)
sċamela (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: schamel, shamel, schamil, shamyll, schambyll, schamylle, shamell, sæmel, scamel, sceomel, scheomel
English: shamble; shambles
Scots: shammel, shammle


fotscamol

fōtsċamol (canonical masculine)
fōtsċamol (nominative singular)
fōtsċamolas (nominative plural)
fōtsċamol (accusative singular)
fōtsċamolas (accusative plural)
fōtsċamoles (genitive singular)
fōtsċamola (genitive plural)
fōtsċamole (dative singular)
fōtsċamolum (dative plural)
fōtsċamul (alternative)
fōtsċamel (alternative)
fōtsċeamol (alternative)
fōtsċeamul (alternative)
fōtsċeamel (alternative)

Middle English: fotsceomele

From Proto-West Germanic *fōtskamil. Equivalent to fōt (“foot”) + sċamol (“stool”).


myrre

myrre (nominative singular)
myrran (accusative singular)
myrran (genitive singular)
myrran (dative singular)

Middle English: mirre, myrre, mirra, myrra, mirr, mir, murre, myre, mirrhe
Middle English: mirre
English: myrrh
Scots: myrrh

Borrowed from Latin myrrha, from Ancient Greek μύρρα (múrrha).

late 9th century, Old English Martyrology
Him mon brōhte gold tō ġefe, on þǣm wæs ġetācnod þæt hē wæs sōð cyning. Ōðer him brōhte reċels, on þǣm wæs ġetācnod þæt hē wæs sōð god. Sē þridda him brōhte myrran þā wyrt, on þǣm wæs ġetācnod þæt hē wæs dēadlīċ mon, ond þæt hē þurh his ānes dēað ealle ġelēaffulle men ġefrēode fram ēċum dēade.

One man brought gold to give to him, which signified that he was a true king. The second brought him incense, which signified that he was the true god. The third brought him the myrrh-plant, which signified that he was a mortal man, and that through his death alone, he freed all faithful men from eternal death.


æscen

æsċen (canonical neuter)
æsċen (nominative singular)
æsċenu (nominative plural)
æsċen (accusative singular)
æsċenu (accusative plural)
æsċenes (genitive singular)
æsċena (genitive plural)
æsċene (dative singular)
æsċenum (dative plural)

Middle English: asshen, aisshen, esscen

English: ashen

Scots: aschin, eschin

From Proto-West Germanic *askīn, equivalent to æsċ + -en. Cognate with Old Saxon eskīn, Middle High German eschīn, eschen (modern German eschen).

a wooden vessel, especially one made of ashwood


merscmealwe

mersċmealwe (canonical feminine)
mersċmealwe (nominative singular)
mersċmealwan (nominative plural)
mersċmealwan (accusative singular)
mersċmealwan (accusative plural)
mersċmealwan (genitive singular)
mersċmealwena (genitive plural)
mersċmealwan (dative singular)
mersċmealwum (dative plural)
mersċmealuwe (alternative)

English: marshmallow

From mersċ (“marsh”) + mealwe (“mallow”).


geryne

ġerȳne (canonical neuter)
ġerȳne (nominative singular)
ġerȳnu (nominative plural)
ġerȳne (accusative singular)
ġerȳnu (accusative plural)
ġerȳnes (genitive singular)
ġerȳna (genitive plural)
ġerȳne (dative singular)
ġerȳnum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: irīne, *yrīne, ȝerīnu pl

From Proto-Germanic *garūniją, derived from *rūnō (“whisper, secret, rune”) (→ Old English rūn). Cognate with Old High German *girūni, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌹 (garūni).


menigu

meniġu (canonical feminine)
meniġu (nominative singular)
meniġu (nominative plural)
meniġa (nominative plural)
meniġe (nominative plural)
meniġu (accusative singular)
meniġe (accusative singular)
meniġu (accusative plural)
meniġa (accusative plural)
meniġe (accusative plural)
meniġu (genitive singular)
meniġe (genitive singular)
meniġa (genitive plural)
meniġu (dative singular)
meniġe (dative singular)
meniġum (dative plural)
menġu (alternative)
meniu (alternative)
menio (alternative)
meniġo (alternative)
meneġo (alternative)
meniġeo (alternative)
menġeo (alternative)
maneġu (alternative)
maniġu (alternative)
mæniġiu (alternative)
mæniġeo (alternative)
mænio (alternative)
mænieo (alternative)

Middle English: manye, *menye

Scots: monie

English: many

From Proto-West Germanic *managī, from Proto-Germanic *managį̄. Equivalent to maniġ + -u.

Sum wer on þǣre meniġe hrēop mīnne naman.


otor

otor (nominative singular)
otras (nominative plural)
otor (accusative singular)
otras (accusative plural)
otres (genitive singular)
otra (genitive plural)
otre (dative singular)
otrum (dative plural)
otur (alternative)
oter (alternative)
otr (alternative)
ottor (alternative)

Middle English: oter, otir, otur, otyre

Scots: otter

English: otter

From Proto-Germanic *utraz (“otter”), from Proto-Indo-European *udrós (“water animal, otter”).


mearþ

mearþ (nominative singular)
mearþas (nominative plural)
mearþ (accusative singular)
mearþas (accusative plural)
mearþes (genitive singular)
mearþa (genitive plural)
mearþe (dative singular)
mearþum (dative plural)
mearth (alternative)
mærþ (alternative)
merþ (alternative)


wandeweorpe

wandeweorpe (nominative singular)
wandeweorpan (nominative plural)
wandeweorpan (accusative singular)
wandeweorpan (accusative plural)
wandeweorpan (genitive singular)
wandeweorpena (genitive plural)
wandeweorpan (dative singular)
wandeweorpum (dative plural)
wandewurpe (alternative)
wondeuueorpe (alternative)

From wand (“mole”) + weorpe (“thrower”).


regnwyrm

reġnwyrm (canonical masculine)
reġnwyrm (nominative singular)
reġnwyrmas (nominative plural)
reġnwyrm (accusative singular)
reġnwyrmas (accusative plural)
reġnwyrmes (genitive singular)
reġnwyrma (genitive plural)
reġnwyrme (dative singular)
reġnwyrmum (dative plural)
rēnwyrm (alternative)

Middle English: *reinwurm, *reinworm

English: rainworm

From Proto-West Germanic *regnawurmi. Equivalent to reġn (“rain”) + wyrm (“worm”).


carcern

carcern (nominative singular)
carcern (nominative plural)
carcern (accusative singular)
carcern (accusative plural)
carcernes (genitive singular)
carcerna (genitive plural)
carcerne (dative singular)
carcernum (dative plural)
ċarċærn (alternative)
ċearċern (alternative)


Frencisc

Frencisċ (canonical)
Frenċisċ (canonical neuter)
Frencisċ (nominative singular)
Frencisċ (accusative singular)
Frencisċes (genitive singular)
Frencisċe (dative singular)
Frenċisċ (nominative singular)
Frenċisċ (accusative singular)
Frenċisċes (genitive singular)
Frenċisċe (dative singular)

ang-decl-noun-a-n

Declension of Frenċisċ

ang-decl-noun

Declension of Frenċisċ

From Proto-West Germanic *Frankisk, equivalent to Franca (“Frank, Frenchman”) + -isċ (“-ish”).


sunnan scima

sunnan sċīma (canonical masculine)
sunnan sċīma (nominative singular)
sunnan sċīman (accusative singular)
sunnan sċīman (genitive singular)
sunnan sċīman (dative singular)


gagel

From Proto-Germanic *gagulaz (“gale; sweet-willow”).


bieme

bīeme (canonical feminine)
bīeme (nominative singular)
bīeman (nominative plural)
bīeman (accusative singular)
bīeman (accusative plural)
bīeman (genitive singular)
bīemena (genitive plural)
bīeman (dative singular)
bīemum (dative plural)
bȳme (alternative)
bīme (alternative)
bēme (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: beme, beeme, beame, beome, beume, bume
→ English: beme

(music) a wooden instrument, especially a horn or trumpet


cnotta

cnotta (nominative singular)
cnottan (nominative plural)
cnottan (accusative singular)
cnottan (accusative plural)
cnottan (genitive singular)
cnottena (genitive plural)
cnottan (dative singular)
cnottum (dative plural)

Middle English: knotte, cnot, cnotte, knot, knote, knott, notte
English: knot
Scots: knot

From Proto-West Germanic *knottō, from Proto-Germanic *knuttô.

cnottan bindan


unþeaw

unþēaw (canonical masculine)
unþēaw (nominative singular)
unþēawas (nominative plural)
unþēaw (accusative singular)
unþēawas (accusative plural)
unþēawes (genitive singular)
unþēawa (genitive plural)
unþēawe (dative singular)
unþēawum (dative plural)
unðēaw (alternative)

/ˈunˌθæ͜ɑːw/


toþgar

tōþgār (canonical masculine)
tōþgār (nominative singular)
tōþgāras (nominative plural)
tōþgār (accusative singular)
tōþgāras (accusative plural)
tōþgāres (genitive singular)
tōþgāra (genitive plural)
tōþgāre (dative singular)
tōþgārum (dative plural)
tōðgār (alternative)

/ˈtoːθˌɡɑːr/

[ˈtoːðˌɡɑːr]


toþsticca

tōþsticca (canonical masculine)
tōþsticca (nominative singular)
tōþsticcan (nominative plural)
tōþsticcan (accusative singular)
tōþsticcan (accusative plural)
tōþsticcan (genitive singular)
tōþsticcena (genitive plural)
tōþsticcan (dative singular)
tōþsticcum (dative plural)
tōðsticca (alternative)


regol

regol (nominative singular)
regolas (nominative plural)
regol (accusative singular)
regolas (accusative plural)
regoles (genitive singular)
regola (genitive plural)
regole (dative singular)
regolum (dative plural)
regul (alternative)
reogol (alternative)
regal (alternative)

Middle English: rail, rayl (reenforced by Old French)

English: rail

→ French: rail


regolsticca

regolsticca (nominative singular)
regolsticcan (nominative plural)
regolsticcan (accusative singular)
regolsticcan (accusative plural)
regolsticcan (genitive singular)
regolsticcena (genitive plural)
regolsticcan (dative singular)
regolsticcum (dative plural)


weax

weax (nominative singular)
weax (accusative singular)
weaxes (genitive singular)
weaxe (dative singular)
wæx (alternative)
wex (alternative)

Middle English: wax, vax, vex, waxe, waxs, wex, wexe, wexs
English: wax
Scots: wax

From Proto-West Germanic *wahs, from Proto-Germanic *wahsą.


slæpern

slǣpern (canonical neuter)
slǣpern (nominative singular)
slǣpern (nominative plural)
slǣpern (accusative singular)
slǣpern (accusative plural)
slǣpernes (genitive singular)
slǣperna (genitive plural)
slǣperne (dative singular)
slǣpernum (dative plural)
slǣpærn (alternative)


fleax

fleax (nominative singular)
fleax (accusative singular)
fleaxes (genitive singular)
fleaxe (dative singular)
flæx (alternative)
flex (alternative)

Middle English: flax, fflex, flaxe, flex, flexe, vlex
English: flax

From Proto-West Germanic *flahs, from Proto-Germanic *flahsą.

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
⁊ hæfdon ġeleornad mā cræfta hū hīe þā elpendas beswīcan mehton, mid þǣm þæt hīe nāmon trēowu, ⁊ slōgon on oþerne ende moniġe sċearpe īsene næġlas, ⁊ hīe mid flexe bewundon, ⁊ onbǣrndon hit, ⁊ beþyddan hit þonne on þone elpend hindan...

And they had learned more tricks through which they could ensnare the elephants; they took stakes and drove into the other end many sharp iron nails, and wrapped them in flax, and set them on fire, and then thrust them into the elephant from behind...


meatte

meatte (nominative singular)
meattan (nominative plural)
meattan (accusative singular)
meattan (accusative plural)
meattan (genitive singular)
meattena (genitive plural)
meattan (dative singular)
meattum (dative plural)
matte (alternative)
meatta (alternative)
meatt (alternative)
matt (alternative)

Middle English: matte, mat
English: mat (see there for further descendants)
Scots: mat

From Proto-West Germanic *mattā (“mat, mattress”).


eleberge

eleberġe (canonical feminine)
eleberġe (nominative singular)
eleberġan (nominative plural)
eleberġan (accusative singular)
eleberġan (accusative plural)
eleberġan (genitive singular)
eleberġena (genitive plural)
eleberġan (dative singular)
eleberġum (dative plural)
eleberie (alternative)
eleberiġe (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *olibaʀi, equivalent to ele (“oil”) + berġe (“berry”). Cognate with Old Saxon oliberi, Old High German oliberi.


elebeam

elebēam (canonical masculine)
elebēam (nominative singular)
elebēamas (nominative plural)
elebēam (accusative singular)
elebēamas (accusative plural)
elebēames (genitive singular)
elebēama (genitive plural)
elebēame (dative singular)
elebēamum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *olibaum. Cognate with Old High German olibaum (German Ölbaum). Compare also Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌴𐍅𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 (alēwabagms), which is almost the same but has a slightly different word for "oil." Equivalent to ele (“oil”) + bēam (“tree”).


cietel

ċietel (canonical masculine)
ċietel (nominative singular)
ċietelas (nominative plural)
ċietel (accusative singular)
ċietelas (accusative plural)
ċieteles (genitive singular)
ċietela (genitive plural)
ċietele (dative singular)
ċietelum (dative plural)
ċietil (alternative)
ċytel (alternative)
ċitel (alternative)
ċetel (alternative)

desctree

conflated with Old Norse <i class="Latn mention" lang="non">ketill</i>

Middle English: ketel, chetel, chetill, chetyle, chitel, ketell, ketil, ketyl, ketylle (conflated with Old Norse ketill)
English: kettle (see there for further descendants)
Scots: kettle, kittle

From Proto-West Germanic *katil, from Proto-Germanic *katilaz.


engu

enġu (canonical feminine)
enġu (nominative singular)
enġu (nominative plural)
enġe (nominative plural)
enġu (accusative singular)
enġe (accusative singular)
enġu (accusative plural)
enġe (accusative plural)
enġu (genitive singular)
enġe (genitive singular)
enġa (genitive plural)
enġu (dative singular)
enġe (dative singular)
enġum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *angī, from Proto-Germanic *angį̄, equivalent to ange + -u. Cognate with Old High German engī, engīn.


marmstan

marmstān (canonical masculine)
marmstān (nominative singular)
marmstānas (nominative plural)
marmstān (accusative singular)
marmstānas (accusative plural)
marmstānes (genitive singular)
marmstāna (genitive plural)
marmstāne (dative singular)
marmstānum (dative plural)
marmanstān (alternative)
marmorstān (alternative)

Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
Sēo ċyrċe wæs eahtahyrnede, ān hund fōta and twentiġ fōta hēah; six hund fōta and fēowertig hēo wæs ymbeganges, eal of fidersċītum marmstānum ġeworht.

The church was eight-sided, one hundred and twenty feet high, six hundred and forty feet in circumference, and wrought entirely from square blocks of marble.


hwetstan

hwetstān (canonical masculine)
hwetstān (nominative singular)
hwetstānas (nominative plural)
hwetstān (accusative singular)
hwetstānas (accusative plural)
hwetstānes (genitive singular)
hwetstāna (genitive plural)
hwetstāne (dative singular)
hwetstānum (dative plural)
hwettstān (alternative)
hwetestān (alternative)
huetistān (alternative)

desc

Middle English: whestone, whetston, whetesston

English: whetstone, whestone

From Proto-West Germanic *hwattjastain. Equivalent to hwettan (“to sharpen”) + stān (“stone”).

Þā sċearpestan eċġe man wyrcþ mid þon stumpan hwetstāne.

The sharpest edge is made with a blunt whetstone.

Hēo hwette hire seax on lȳtlum hwetstāne þe hēo of hiere pohhan ātēah.

She sharpened her knife on a little whetstone that she'd pulled out of her pocket.


boxtreow

boxtrēow (canonical neuter)
boxtrēow (nominative singular)
boxtrēowu (nominative plural)
boxtrēow (accusative singular)
boxtrēowu (accusative plural)
boxtrēowes (genitive singular)
boxtrēowa (genitive plural)
boxtrēowe (dative singular)
boxtrēowum (dative plural)


hæsl

hæsl (nominative singular)
hæsl (accusative singular)
hæsles (genitive singular)
hæsle (dative singular)
hæsel (alternative)
hæsil (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: hasel, hasell, hasil, hasill, hasul, hasyl, haysell, hesel, hesill, hesyll
English: hazel (dialectal halse)
Scots: hazel
Yola: hawlse


boctreow

bōctrēow (canonical neuter)
bōctrēow (nominative singular)
bōctrēowu (nominative plural)
bōctrēow (accusative singular)
bōctrēowu (accusative plural)
bōctrēowes (genitive singular)
bōctrēowa (genitive plural)
bōctrēowe (dative singular)
bōctrēowum (dative plural)


pintreow

pīntrēow (canonical neuter)
pīntrēow (nominative singular)
pīntrēowu (nominative plural)
pīntrēow (accusative singular)
pīntrēowu (accusative plural)
pīntrēowes (genitive singular)
pīntrēowa (genitive plural)
pīntrēowe (dative singular)
pīntrēowum (dative plural)

Middle English: pynetre, pyne tree

English: pine tree

Alteration of pīnbēam (“pine tree”) with trēow (“tree”).


gierd

ġierd (canonical feminine)
ġierd (nominative singular)
ġierde (nominative plural)
ġierda (nominative plural)
ġierd (accusative singular)
ġierde (accusative singular)
ġierde (accusative plural)
ġierda (accusative plural)
ġierde (genitive singular)
ġierda (genitive plural)
ġierde (dative singular)
ġierdum (dative plural)
ġyrd (alternative)
ġird (alternative)
ġerd (alternative)

Middle English: ȝerde, yerd, yerde, ȝerd, ȝearde, yarde, ȝeorde, ȝeord, ȝarde, ȝyrde, ȝeird, yherd, yherde
English: yard, yerd
Scots: yaird, yeard, yird

c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
Iċ wille þē slēan mid ġierde.

Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
Þā cwæð sē Ælmihtiġa tō Moysen, "Āstreċe ðīne hand ofer ðā sǣ, and tōdǣl hī." And Moyses ðā slōh þǣre sǣ ofer mid his ġyrde, and sēo sǣ tōēode on twā, and eal þæt Israhela folc ēode ofer ðā sǣ bē drīum grunde, and þæt wæter stōd him on twā healfa swilċe ōðer stānweall.

Then the Almighty said to Moses: "Stretch forth thy hand over the sea, and divide it." And then Moses struck the sea with his staff, and the sea divided in two, and all the Israelites crossed over the sea on dry ground, and the water stood in two halves like stone walls.

(unit of measurement) the rod, perch, or pole of around 15 feet used in computing acres

(unit of measurement) the yard, yardland, or virgate of around 30 acres used in dividing hides of land


cyrnel

cyrnel (nominative singular)
cyrnlas (nominative plural)
cyrnel (accusative singular)
cyrnlas (accusative plural)
cyrnles (genitive singular)
cyrnla (genitive plural)
cyrnle (dative singular)
cyrnlum (dative plural)
cyrnel (nominative singular)
cyrnlu (nominative plural)
cyrnel (accusative singular)
cyrnlu (accusative plural)
cyrnles (genitive singular)
cyrnla (genitive plural)
cyrnle (dative singular)
cyrnlum (dative plural)
cyrnl (alternative)
cirnel (alternative)

Middle English: kernel, cernel, curnel, kernell, kirnel, karnel, kurnel, kurnele, kyrnel, kyrnell, cornel
English: kernel
→ Japanese: カーネル (kāneru)
Scots: kirnel; churnel

From Proto-West Germanic *kurnil. Equivalent to corn + -el.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "The First Sunday After Easter"
Of ānum lȳtlum cyrnle cymþ miċel trēow, ac wē ne magon ġesēon nāðer ne wyrtruman, ne rinde, ne bōgas, ne lēaf.

From a little kernel comes a great tree, but we cannot see the roots, or bark, or branches, or leaves.

a hard concretion in the flesh, an indurated gland or strumous swelling


wyrtruma

wyrtruma (nominative singular)
wyrtruman (nominative plural)
wyrtruman (accusative singular)
wyrtruman (accusative plural)
wyrtruman (genitive singular)
wyrtrumena (genitive plural)
wyrtruman (dative singular)
wyrtrumum (dative plural)


plumtreow

plūmtrēow (canonical neuter)
plūmtrēow (nominative singular)
plūmtrēowu (nominative plural)
plūmtrēow (accusative singular)
plūmtrēowu (accusative plural)
plūmtrēowes (genitive singular)
plūmtrēowa (genitive plural)
plūmtrēowe (dative singular)
plūmtrēowum (dative plural)

Middle English: plumtre, plumtree, plomtre, plomtree, plowmtre, plum tre, plombtree, plomme tre, ploumme tre, plum tree, plome tree
English: plum tree, plum-tree, plumtree
Scots: ploom tree


fictreow

fīctrēow (canonical neuter)
fīctrēow (nominative singular)
fīctrēowu (nominative plural)
fīctrēow (accusative singular)
fīctrēowu (accusative plural)
fīctrēowes (genitive singular)
fīctrēowa (genitive plural)
fīctrēowe (dative singular)
fīctrēowum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: fic-treow, fictre, fike tre

→ Middle English: figge tre (calque)

English: fig tree


wintreow

wīntrēow (canonical neuter)
wīntrēow (nominative singular)
wīntrēow (nominative plural)
wīntrēow (accusative singular)
wīntrēow (accusative plural)
wīntrēowes (genitive singular)
wīntrēowa (genitive plural)
wīntrēowe (dative singular)
wīntrēowum (dative plural)

q

sometimes remodelled after <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm">vine</i> (“grapevine”)

Middle English: vyne-tre, wintre, wyn-tre (sometimes remodelled after vine (“grapevine”))

English: winetree, vinetree

From Proto-Germanic *wīnatrewą. Cognate with Old Norse víntré, Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿 (weinatriu). Equivalent to wīn (“wine”) + trēow (“tree”).


sæþeof

sǣþēof (canonical masculine)
sǣþēof (nominative singular)
sǣþēofas (nominative plural)
sǣþēof (accusative singular)
sǣþēofas (accusative plural)
sǣþēofes (genitive singular)
sǣþēofa (genitive plural)
sǣþēofe (dative singular)
sǣþēofum (dative plural)
sǣðēof (alternative)

/ˈsæːˌθe͜oːf/

sǣ (“sea”) + þēof (“thief”), so “seathief”.


wæstmbærnes

wæstmbǣrnes (canonical feminine)
wæstmbǣrnes (nominative singular)
wæstmbǣrnessa (nominative plural)
wæstmbǣrnesse (nominative plural)
wæstmbǣrnesse (accusative singular)
wæstmbǣrnessa (accusative plural)
wæstmbǣrnesse (accusative plural)
wæstmbǣrnesse (genitive singular)
wæstmbǣrnessa (genitive plural)
wæstmbǣrnesse (dative singular)
wæstmbǣrnessum (dative plural)


þroht

þroht (nominative singular)
þrohtas (nominative plural)
þroht (accusative singular)
þrohtas (accusative plural)
þrohtes (genitive singular)
þrohta (genitive plural)
þrohte (dative singular)
þrohtum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *þruhtuz (“strength, perseverance”). Cognate with Old Norse þróttr (“strength, might, valour, fortitude”).


slæpleast

slǣplēast (canonical feminine)
slǣplēast (nominative singular)
slǣplēaste (accusative singular)
slǣplēaste (genitive singular)
slǣplēaste (dative singular)


rihtwisnes

rihtwīsnes (canonical feminine)
rihtwīsnes (nominative singular)
rihtwīsnessa (nominative plural)
rihtwīsnesse (nominative plural)
rihtwīsnesse (accusative singular)
rihtwīsnessa (accusative plural)
rihtwīsnesse (accusative plural)
rihtwīsnesse (genitive singular)
rihtwīsnessa (genitive plural)
rihtwīsnesse (dative singular)
rihtwīsnessum (dative plural)
rihtwīsness (alternative)

Middle English: rightwisnes

English: righteousness


unrihtwisnes

unrihtwīsnes (canonical feminine)
unrihtwīsnes (nominative singular)
unrihtwīsnessa (nominative plural)
unrihtwīsnesse (nominative plural)
unrihtwīsnesse (accusative singular)
unrihtwīsnessa (accusative plural)
unrihtwīsnesse (accusative plural)
unrihtwīsnesse (genitive singular)
unrihtwīsnessa (genitive plural)
unrihtwīsnesse (dative singular)
unrihtwīsnessum (dative plural)
unrihtwīsness (alternative)

Middle English: unriȝtwisnesse

English: unrighteousness


hlisa

hlīsa (canonical masculine)
hlīsa (nominative singular)
hlīsan (nominative plural)
hlīsan (accusative singular)
hlīsan (accusative plural)
hlīsan (genitive singular)
hlīsena (genitive plural)
hlīsan (dative singular)
hlīsum (dative plural)

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. John the Baptist"
Hwæt ða Crist geswutelode hine sylfne ðurh miccle tacna, and his hlīsa weox geond ealne middangeard, þæt he soð God wæs, seðe wæs ærðan witega geðuht. Iohannes soðlice wæs wanigende on his hlīsan, forðan ðe he wearð oncnawen witega, and bydel ðæs Heofonlican Æðelinges, seðe wæs lytle ær Crist geteald mid ungewissum wenan.

But Christ manifested himself by many great miracles, and his fame waxed through all the world, that he was true God, who before that had seemed a prophet. But John was waning in his fame, for he was acknowledged a prophet, and the proclaimer of the Heavenly Prince, who a little before had by uncertain supposition been accounted Christ.


ærendgewrit

ǣrendġewrit (canonical neuter)
ǣrendġewrit (nominative singular)
ǣrendġewritu (nominative plural)
ǣrendġewrit (accusative singular)
ǣrendġewritu (accusative plural)
ǣrendġewrites (genitive singular)
ǣrendġewrita (genitive plural)
ǣrendġewrite (dative singular)
ǣrendġewritum (dative plural)


cynegierd

cyneġierd (canonical feminine)
cyneġierd (nominative singular)
cyneġierde (nominative plural)
cyneġierda (nominative plural)
cyneġierd (accusative singular)
cyneġierde (accusative singular)
cyneġierde (accusative plural)
cyneġierda (accusative plural)
cyneġierde (genitive singular)
cyneġierda (genitive plural)
cyneġierde (dative singular)
cyneġierdum (dative plural)
cyneġyrd (alternative)
cyneġerd (alternative)

Middle English: kyneȝerde

Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
Đā andwyrde Martinus unforht ðām cāsere, "Iċ wille ðurhgān orsorh ðone here, mid rōde tācne ġewǣpnod, nā mid rēadum sċylde, oððe mid hefeġum helme, oððe heardre byrnan." Đa hēt sē hǣðena cyning healdan Martinum, þæt hē wurde āworpen unġewǣpnod ðām here. Þā nolde sē Hǣlend his ðeġen forlǣtan, aċ ġesibbode þæt folc sōna þǣs on merien, þæt hī tō þǣs cāseres cyneġyrde ġebugon.

Then the bold Martinus answered the emperor "I will go fearlessly through the army, armed with a crucifix, not with a red shield, nor with a heavy helmet, nor a hard corselet." So the heathen king ordered that Martinus be held so he could be thrown unarmed into the army. But the Savior would not abandon his servant, and in the morning soon pacified the people so that they submitted to the emperor's scepter.


wogere

wōgere (canonical masculine)
wōgere (nominative singular)
wōgeras (nominative plural)
wōgere (accusative singular)
wōgeras (accusative plural)
wōgeres (genitive singular)
wōgera (genitive plural)
wōgere (dative singular)
wōgerum (dative plural)

Middle English: wowere

English: wooer


rædbora

rǣdbora (canonical masculine)
rǣdbora (nominative singular)
rǣdboran (nominative plural)
rǣdboran (accusative singular)
rǣdboran (accusative plural)
rǣdboran (genitive singular)
rǣdborena (genitive plural)
rǣdboran (dative singular)
rǣdborum (dative plural)


fiscere

fisċere (canonical masculine)
fisċere (nominative singular)
fisċeras (nominative plural)
fisċere (accusative singular)
fisċeras (accusative plural)
fisċeres (genitive singular)
fisċera (genitive plural)
fisċere (dative singular)
fisċerum (dative plural)

Middle English: fischer

English: fisher

From Proto-Germanic *fiskārijaz. Cognate with Old Frisian fisker, Old Saxon fiskeri, Old Dutch *fiskar, Old High German fiskāri, Old Norse fiskari. Equivalent to fisċ + -ere.


huntoþ

huntoþ (nominative singular)
huntoþas (nominative plural)
huntoþ (accusative singular)
huntoþas (accusative plural)
huntoþes (genitive singular)
huntoþa (genitive plural)
huntoþe (dative singular)
huntoþum (dative plural)
huntaþ (alternative)
huntnaþ (alternative)
huntoð (alternative)
huntað (alternative)

Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church
Him becōmon ēac swā miċele welan tō handa, þæt his bīġleofa wæs ælċe dæġ mid his hīrede þrittiġ mittan clǣnes melowes, and sixtiġ mittan ōðres melowes, twelf fætte oxan, and twēntiġ feldoxan, hundtēontiġ weðera, buton huntoðe and fugoloðe and ġemæstra fugela.

And so much wealth came into his hands that every day he and his household consumed thirty mittas of clean meal, sixty mittas of other meal, twelve fat oxen, twenty field-oxen, and one hundred wethers, not counting the sustenance from hunting, fowling, or fattened birds.

on huntoþ gān

Ġiestrandæġ iċ wæs on huntoþe mid mīnum fæder.

Yesterday I was out hunting with my father.

Hē ālīesde þā hundas and se huntoþ begann.


hornblawere

hornblāwere (canonical masculine)
hornblāwere (nominative singular)
hornblāweras (nominative plural)
hornblāwere (accusative singular)
hornblāweras (accusative plural)
hornblāweres (genitive singular)
hornblāwera (genitive plural)
hornblāwere (dative singular)
hornblāwerum (dative plural)

Middle English: hornblawere

English: hornblower, Hornblower

→ Anglo-Norman: hornblouer, hornblauere

From horn (“horn”) + blāwere (“blower”).


seamere

sēamere (canonical masculine)
sēamere (nominative singular)
sēameras (nominative plural)
sēamere (accusative singular)
sēameras (accusative plural)
sēameres (genitive singular)
sēamera (genitive plural)
sēamere (dative singular)
sēamerum (dative plural)

Middle English: semer, semere

English: seamer


seamestre

sēamestre (canonical feminine)
sēamestre (nominative singular)
sēamestran (nominative plural)
sēamestran (accusative singular)
sēamestran (accusative plural)
sēamestran (genitive singular)
sēamestrena (genitive plural)
sēamestran (dative singular)
sēamestrum (dative plural)


steopfæder

stēopfæder (canonical masculine)
stēopfæder (nominative singular)
stēopfæderas (nominative plural)
stēopfæder (accusative singular)
stēopfæderas (accusative plural)
stēopfæder (genitive singular)
stēopfædera (genitive plural)
stēopfæder (dative singular)
stēopfæderum (dative plural)
stēupfaedaer (alternative)

desc

Middle English: stepfader, stepefadir, stepfeder

English: stepfather

Early Scots: step father, stop fader, sted father

Scots: stap-faither

From Proto-Germanic *steupafadēr. By surface analysis, stēop- + fæder.


steopmodor

stēopmōdor (canonical feminine)
stēopmōdor (nominative singular)
stēopmōdra (nominative plural)
stēopmōdru (nominative plural)
stēopmōdor (accusative singular)
stēopmōdra (accusative plural)
stēopmōdru (accusative plural)
stēopmōdor (genitive singular)
stēopmēder (genitive singular)
stēopmōderes (genitive singular)
stēopmōdra (genitive plural)
stēopmēder (dative singular)
stēopmōdrum (dative plural)
stēopmōder (alternative)

Middle English: stepmoder, steppe moder, stappemodyr

English: stepmother

Early Scots: stepmoder, step modir, stepmodyr, stop modir, step mother

Scots: stap-mither

From Proto-Germanic *steupamōdēr. By surface analysis, stēop- + mōdor.

late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
...⁊ hēo wæs Philippuses steoƿmōdor.


steopsunu

stēopsunu (canonical masculine)
stēopsunu (nominative singular)
stēopsuna (nominative plural)
stēopsunu (accusative singular)
stēopsuna (accusative plural)
stēopsuna (genitive singular)
stēopsuna (genitive plural)
stēopsuna (dative singular)
stēopsunum (dative plural)

Middle English: stepsone, stepsune

English: stepson

From Proto-Germanic *steupasunuz. Equivalent to stēop- + sunu.


steopdohtor

stēopdohtor (canonical feminine)
stēopdohtor (nominative singular)
stēopdohtor (nominative plural)
stēopdohtra (nominative plural)
stēopdohtru (nominative plural)
stēopdohtor (accusative singular)
stēopdohtor (accusative plural)
stēopdohtra (accusative plural)
stēopdohtru (accusative plural)
stēopdohtor (genitive singular)
stēopdehter (genitive singular)
stēopdohtra (genitive plural)
stēopdehter (dative singular)
stēopdohtrum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *steupaduhtēr. Equivalent to stēop- + dohtor.


sweger

sweġer (canonical feminine)
sweġer (nominative singular)
sweġra (nominative plural)
sweġre (nominative plural)
sweġre (accusative singular)
sweġra (accusative plural)
sweġre (accusative plural)
sweġre (genitive singular)
sweġra (genitive plural)
sweġre (dative singular)
sweġrum (dative plural)
sweġr (alternative)
sueġer (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *swegru, from Proto-Germanic *swegrō, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂ (“mother-in-law”).


deadlicnes

dēadlīcnes (canonical feminine)
dēadlīcnes (nominative singular)
dēadlīcnesse (accusative singular)
dēadlīcnesse (genitive singular)
dēadlīcnesse (dative singular)
dēadlīcnys (alternative)

Middle English: dedlinesse, deadlicnesse

English: deadliness


undeadlicnes

undēadlīcnes (canonical feminine)
undēadlīcnes (nominative singular)
undēadlīcnesse (accusative singular)
undēadlīcnesse (genitive singular)
undēadlīcnesse (dative singular)
undēadlīcnys (alternative)

Middle English: undedlinesse, undeadlichnesse

English: undeadliness

From undēadlīċ + -nes or un- + dēadlīcnes.


endeleasnes

endelēasnes (canonical feminine)
endelēasnes (nominative singular)
endelēasnessa (nominative plural)
endelēasnesse (nominative plural)
endelēasnesse (accusative singular)
endelēasnessa (accusative plural)
endelēasnesse (accusative plural)
endelēasnesse (genitive singular)
endelēasnessa (genitive plural)
endelēasnesse (dative singular)
endelēasnessum (dative plural)
endelēasnys (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: endelesnesse, endelesnes, endlesnes
English: endlessness


gebyrddæg

ġebyrddæġ (canonical masculine)
ġebyrddæġ (nominative singular)
ġebyrddagas (nominative plural)
ġebyrddæġ (accusative singular)
ġebyrddagas (accusative plural)
ġebyrddæġes (genitive singular)
ġebyrddaga (genitive plural)
ġebyrddæġe (dative singular)
ġebyrddagum (dative plural)

Middle English: birthdai, birtheday

English: birthday

From Proto-West Germanic *gaburdidag. Cognate with Old High German giburtitag. Equivalent to ġebyrd (“birth”) + dæġ (“day”).


fulfremednes

fulfremednes (nominative singular)
fulfremednessa (nominative plural)
fulfremednesse (nominative plural)
fulfremednesse (accusative singular)
fulfremednessa (accusative plural)
fulfremednesse (accusative plural)
fulfremednesse (genitive singular)
fulfremednessa (genitive plural)
fulfremednesse (dative singular)
fulfremednessum (dative plural)
fullfremednes (alternative)
fulfremednys (alternative)
fullfremednys (alternative)

c. 992, Ælfric, "The First Sunday in the Lord's Advent"
Ðas gewædu awrát se ylca apostol swutellicor on oðre stowe, ðus cweðende, "Ymbscrydað eow, swa swa Godes gecorenan, mid mildheortnysse and mid welwillendnysse, mid eadmodnysse, mid gemetfæstnysse, mid geðylde, and habbað eow, toforan eallum ðingum, ða soðan lufe, seoðe is bénd ealra fulfremednyssa; and Cristes sib blissige on eowrum heortum, on ðære ge sind gecígede on anum lichaman.

Of these weeds the same apostle wrote more plainly in another place, thus saying, "Clothe yourselves, as God's chosen, with mercy and with benevolence, with humility, with moderation, with patience, and have, before all things, true love, which is the bond of all perfections; and let Christ's peace rejoice in your hearts, in which ye are called in one body.


unfulfremednes

unfulfremednes (nominative singular)
unfulfremednessa (nominative plural)
unfulfremednesse (nominative plural)
unfulfremednesse (accusative singular)
unfulfremednessa (accusative plural)
unfulfremednesse (accusative plural)
unfulfremednesse (genitive singular)
unfulfremednessa (genitive plural)
unfulfremednesse (dative singular)
unfulfremednessum (dative plural)
unfullfremednes (alternative)
unfulfremednys (alternative)
unfullfremednys (alternative)

From un- + fulfremednes or unfulfremed + -nes.


seocnes

sēocnes (canonical feminine)
sēocnes (nominative singular)
sēocnessa (nominative plural)
sēocnesse (nominative plural)
sēocnesse (accusative singular)
sēocnessa (accusative plural)
sēocnesse (accusative plural)
sēocnesse (genitive singular)
sēocnessa (genitive plural)
sēocnesse (dative singular)
sēocnessum (dative plural)
sēocness (alternative)
sēocnys (alternative)
sēocnyss (alternative)

Middle English: seknesse
English: sickness
Scots: seekness


wæterseocnes

wætersēocnes (canonical feminine)
wætersēocnes (nominative singular)
wætersēocnessa (nominative plural)
wætersēocnesse (nominative plural)
wætersēocnesse (accusative singular)
wætersēocnessa (accusative plural)
wætersēocnesse (accusative plural)
wætersēocnesse (genitive singular)
wætersēocnessa (genitive plural)
wætersēocnesse (dative singular)
wætersēocnessum (dative plural)
wætersēocness (alternative)
wætersēocnys (alternative)
wætersēocnyss (alternative)

Middle English: watersiknesse

English: water sickness

From wæter + sēocnes or wætersēoc + -nes, literally 'water sickness'.


wæteradl

wæterādl (canonical feminine)
wæterādl (nominative singular)
wæterādla (nominative plural)
wæterādle (nominative plural)
wæterādle (accusative singular)
wæterādla (accusative plural)
wæterādle (accusative plural)
wæterādle (genitive singular)
wæterādla (genitive plural)
wæterādle (dative singular)
wæterādlum (dative plural)


sliepescoh

slīepesċōh (canonical masculine)
slīepesċōh (nominative singular)
slīepesċōs (nominative plural)
slīepesċōh (accusative singular)
slīepesċōs (accusative plural)
slīepesċōs (genitive singular)
slīepesċōna (genitive plural)
slīepesċō (dative singular)
slīepesċōm (dative plural)
slīepesċōum (dative plural)
slīpesċōh (alternative)
slȳpesċōh (alternative)

From slīepan (“to slip”) + sċōh (“shoe”).


brec

brēċ (canonical feminine plural)
brēċ (nominative plural)
brēċ (accusative plural)
brōca (genitive plural)
brōcum (dative plural)

Brōca tācn is þæt þū strīċe mid þīnum twām handum upp on þīn þēoh.

before 1150, Monasteriales Indicia (monastic sign language guide):

The sign for underwear is that you stroke up your thigh with both hands.


scræf

sċræf (canonical neuter)
sċræf (nominative singular)
sċrafu (nominative plural)
sċræf (accusative singular)
sċrafu (accusative plural)
sċræfes (genitive singular)
sċrafa (genitive plural)
sċræfe (dative singular)
sċrafum (dative plural)
sċreaf (alternative)
sċref (alternative)
sċraf (alternative)

Middle English: scræf (early)

From Proto-Germanic *skrabą (“cave, cavern, pit”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”), and thereby cognate with Latin scrobis (“ditch, trench”), and related to Old English scrapian (“to scrape”), screpan (“to scratch”).


hleapere

hlēapere (canonical masculine)
hlēapere (nominative singular)
hlēaperas (nominative plural)
hlēapere (accusative singular)
hlēaperas (accusative plural)
hlēaperes (genitive singular)
hlēapera (genitive plural)
hlēapere (dative singular)
hlēaperum (dative plural)


hleapestre

hlēapestre (canonical feminine)
hlēapestre (nominative singular)
hlēapestran (nominative plural)
hlēapestran (accusative singular)
hlēapestran (accusative plural)
hlēapestran (genitive singular)
hlēapestrena (genitive plural)
hlēapestran (dative singular)
hlēapestrum (dative plural)

From hlēapan + -estre. Feminine form of hlēapere.


cwild

cwild (nominative singular)
cwildas (nominative plural)
cwild (accusative singular)
cwildas (accusative plural)
cwildes (genitive singular)
cwilda (genitive plural)
cwilde (dative singular)
cwildum (dative plural)
cwyld (alternative)
cwield (alternative)

c. 994, Ælfric, On the Twelve Winds
Fēower heafodwindas synd. Sē fyrmesta is ēasterne wind, subsolanus ġehāten, for þām ðe hē blæwð frām ðǣre sunnan upspringe, ⁊ ys swyðe ġemetegod. Sē ōðer heafodwind is sūðerne, auster ġehāten, sē āstyreð wolcnu, ⁊ ligettas, ⁊ mistlice cwyld blǣwð geond ðās eorðan.

There are four headwinds. The first is the eastern wind, called subsolanus, because it blows from where the sun rises, and is very moderate. The second headwind is southern, called auster, which stirs up clouds, and lightnings, and blows various plagues around the earth.


slief

slīef (canonical feminine)
slīef (nominative singular)
slīefa (nominative plural)
slīefe (nominative plural)
slīefe (accusative singular)
slīefa (accusative plural)
slīefe (accusative plural)
slīefe (genitive singular)
slīefa (genitive plural)
slīefe (dative singular)
slīefum (dative plural)
slīf (alternative)
slȳf (alternative)
slēf (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: sleve, sclyv, sclyve, sleeve, slefe, slieve, slyve
English: sleeve
Middle Scots: sleif, sleve
Scots: sleeve

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *slaubiju, from *slaubijōn, from Proto-Germanic *slaubijōną (“to slip into”), perhaps allied to Proto-Germanic *sleupaną (“to slip, glide, sneak”).


læwa

lǣwa (canonical masculine)
lǣwa (nominative singular)
lǣwan (nominative plural)
lǣwan (accusative singular)
lǣwan (accusative plural)
lǣwan (genitive singular)
lǣwena (genitive plural)
lǣwan (dative singular)
lǣwum (dative plural)

desc

⇒ Middle English: lewe (“treacherous”, adj)


sciete

sċīete (canonical feminine)
sċīete (nominative singular)
sċīetan (nominative plural)
sċīetan (accusative singular)
sċīetan (accusative plural)
sċīetan (genitive singular)
sċīetena (genitive plural)
sċīetan (dative singular)
sċīetum (dative plural)
sċīte (alternative)
sċȳte (alternative)
sċēte (alternative)

Middle English: schete

English: sheet


æmethyll

ǣmethyll (canonical feminine)
ǣmethyll (nominative singular)
ǣmethylla (nominative plural)
ǣmethylle (nominative plural)
ǣmethylle (accusative singular)
ǣmethylla (accusative plural)
ǣmethylle (accusative plural)
ǣmethylle (genitive singular)
ǣmethylla (genitive plural)
ǣmethylle (dative singular)
ǣmethyllum (dative plural)
ǣmetthyll (alternative)

Middle English: ametehul, amptehille

English: anthill


fenga

fenġa (canonical masculine)
fenġa (nominative singular)
fenġan (nominative plural)
fenġan (accusative singular)
fenġan (accusative plural)
fenġan (genitive singular)
fenġena (genitive plural)
fenġan (dative singular)
fenġum (dative plural)

Corresponds to a Proto-Germanic *fangijô, though there are no cognates. Derived from an earlier form of fōn.


leafnes

lēafnes (canonical feminine)
lēafnes (nominative singular)
lēafnessa (nominative plural)
lēafnesse (nominative plural)
lēafnesse (accusative singular)
lēafnessa (accusative plural)
lēafnesse (accusative plural)
lēafnesse (genitive singular)
lēafnessa (genitive plural)
lēafnesse (dative singular)
lēafnessum (dative plural)
lēafness (alternative)
lēfnes (alternative)
lēfness (alternative)
līefnes (alternative)
līefness (alternative)
līfnes (alternative)
līfness (alternative)
lȳfnes (alternative)
lȳfness (alternative)


sweþel

sweþel (nominative singular)
sweþelas (nominative plural)
sweþel (accusative singular)
sweþelas (accusative plural)
sweþeles (genitive singular)
sweþela (genitive plural)
sweþele (dative singular)
sweþelum (dative plural)
sweoþol (alternative)
sweþil (alternative)
sueþel (alternative)
suaeþil (alternative)
suithel (alternative)
suuoeþel (alternative)
swioþol (alternative)

Middle English: swethel, swedil

From Proto-West Germanic *swaþil, equivalent to swæþ, swaþu + -el. Cognate with Old High German swedil, swedila.


hofor

hofor (nominative singular)
hoforas (nominative plural)
hofor (accusative singular)
hoforas (accusative plural)
hofores (genitive singular)
hofora (genitive plural)
hofore (dative singular)
hoforum (dative plural)
hofur (alternative)
hofer (alternative)
hofr (alternative)
ofer (alternative)
horer (alternative)

Middle English: hover

From Proto-West Germanic *hofr, from Proto-Germanic *hufraz.

Ealle olfendas habbaþ hūru ānne hofor.


efenwyrcung

efenwyrċung (canonical feminine)
efenwyrċung (nominative singular)
efenwyrċunga (nominative plural)
efenwyrċunge (nominative plural)
efenwyrċunge (accusative singular)
efenwyrċunga (accusative plural)
efenwyrċunge (accusative plural)
efenwyrċunge (genitive singular)
efenwyrċunga (genitive plural)
efenwyrċunge (dative singular)
efenwyrċungum (dative plural)


efenwyrhta

efenwyrhta (nominative singular)
efenwyrhtan (nominative plural)
efenwyrhtan (accusative singular)
efenwyrhtan (accusative plural)
efenwyrhtan (genitive singular)
efenwyrhtena (genitive plural)
efenwyrhtan (dative singular)
efenwyrhtum (dative plural)


bedtid

bedtīd (canonical feminine)
bedtīd (nominative singular)
bedtīde (nominative plural)
bedtīda (nominative plural)
bedtīd (accusative singular)
bedtīde (accusative singular)
bedtīde (accusative plural)
bedtīda (accusative plural)
bedtīde (genitive singular)
bedtīda (genitive plural)
bedtīde (dative singular)
bedtīdum (dative plural)


bæþhus

bæþhūs (canonical neuter)
bæþhūs (nominative singular)
bæþhūs (nominative plural)
bæþhūs (accusative singular)
bæþhūs (accusative plural)
bæþhūses (genitive singular)
bæþhūsa (genitive plural)
bæþhūse (dative singular)
bæþhūsum (dative plural)
bæðhūs (alternative)

Middle English: bathhous, bathous

English: bathhouse

From Proto-West Germanic *baþahūs, from Proto-Germanic *baþahūsą. Equivalent to bæþ (“bath”) + hūs (“house”).


fieldestol

fieldestōl (canonical masculine)
fieldestōl (nominative singular)
fieldestōlas (nominative plural)
fieldestōl (accusative singular)
fieldestōlas (accusative plural)
fieldestōles (genitive singular)
fieldestōla (genitive plural)
fieldestōle (dative singular)
fieldestōlum (dative plural)


unscyld

unsċyld (canonical feminine)
unsċyld (nominative singular)
unsċyld (accusative singular)
unsċylde (accusative singular)
unsċylde (genitive singular)
unsċylde (dative singular)


wiþmetennes

wiþmetennes (nominative singular)
wiþmetennessa (nominative plural)
wiþmetennesse (nominative plural)
wiþmetennesse (accusative singular)
wiþmetennessa (accusative plural)
wiþmetennesse (accusative plural)
wiþmetennesse (genitive singular)
wiþmetennessa (genitive plural)
wiþmetennesse (dative singular)
wiþmetennessum (dative plural)
wiþmetenness (alternative)
wiþmetenes (alternative)
wiþmetenys (alternative)
wiþmetenyss (alternative)
wiðmetennys (alternative)
wiðmetennyss (alternative)

c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English
Sum þāra dǣla hātte analogiā on Crēcisċ, þæt is on Lǣden similium rērum comparātiō and on Englisċ "ġelīcra þinga wiþmetennes."

One part [of the study of grammar] is called analogia in Greek, that is in Latin similium rerum comparatio and in English "comparison of similar things."


wynne

inflection of wynn:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of wynn:
genitive/dative singular


wæpn

wǣpn (canonical neuter)
wǣpnu (nominative plural)
wǣpn (nominative singular)
wǣpnu (nominative plural)
wǣpn (accusative singular)
wǣpnu (accusative plural)
wǣpnes (genitive singular)
wǣpna (genitive plural)
wǣpne (dative singular)
wǣpnum (dative plural)
wǣpen (alternative)

Middle English: wepen

English: weapon

Scots: wapyn, wappen

From Proto-West Germanic *wāpn, from Proto-Germanic *wēpną.

Iċ herie þā wǣpnu and þone wer.

c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English:

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Maur, Abbot"
...and āwearp his wǣpna...


wæpnhus

wǣpnhūs (canonical neuter)
wǣpnhūs (nominative singular)
wǣpnhūs (nominative plural)
wǣpnhūs (accusative singular)
wǣpnhūs (accusative plural)
wǣpnhūses (genitive singular)
wǣpnhūsa (genitive plural)
wǣpnhūse (dative singular)
wǣpnhūsum (dative plural)
wǣpenhūs (alternative)
wǣpenahūs (alternative)

armory, arsenal (a stock of weapons or place where weapons are kept)


swatþyrel

swātþȳrel (canonical neuter)
swātþȳrel (nominative singular)
swātþȳrlu (nominative plural)
swātþȳrel (accusative singular)
swātþȳrlu (accusative plural)
swātþȳrles (genitive singular)
swātþȳrla (genitive plural)
swātþȳrle (dative singular)
swātþȳrlum (dative plural)

Middle English: swet hole, swete holle (partial calque)

English: sweat hole


þeote

þēote (canonical feminine)
þēote (nominative singular)
þēotan (nominative plural)
þēotan (accusative singular)
þēotan (accusative plural)
þēotan (genitive singular)
þēotena (genitive plural)
þēotan (dative singular)
þēotum (dative plural)

channel or vessel through which water rushes


licþeote

līcþēote (canonical feminine)
līcþēote (nominative singular)
līcþēotan (nominative plural)
līcþēotan (accusative singular)
līcþēotan (accusative plural)
līcþēotan (genitive singular)
līcþēotena (genitive plural)
līcþēotan (dative singular)
līcþēotum (dative plural)


uþwitegung

ūþwitegung (canonical feminine)
ūþwitegung (nominative singular)
ūþwitegunga (nominative plural)
ūþwitegunge (nominative plural)
ūþwitegunge (accusative singular)
ūþwitegunga (accusative plural)
ūþwitegunge (accusative plural)
ūþwitegunge (genitive singular)
ūþwitegunga (genitive plural)
ūþwitegunge (dative singular)
ūþwitegungum (dative plural)
ūþwitigung (alternative)
ūþwytegung (alternative)
ūðwitegung (alternative)

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Saint Eugenia, Virgin"
Ðā befæste sē fæder philippus tō lāre þæt hēo on woruld-wȳsdōme wǣre ġetogen æfter Grēciscre ūðwytegunge and lǣdenre ġetingnysse.

Then her father Philip put her to school that she might be educated in worldly wisdom according to the Greek philosophy and Latin eloquence.


cumliþnes

cumlīþnes (canonical feminine)
cumlīþnes (nominative singular)
cumlīþnessa (nominative plural)
cumlīþnesse (nominative plural)
cumlīþnesse (accusative singular)
cumlīþnessa (accusative plural)
cumlīþnesse (accusative plural)
cumlīþnesse (genitive singular)
cumlīþnessa (genitive plural)
cumlīþnesse (dative singular)
cumlīþnessum (dative plural)
cumlīþness (alternative)
cumlīðnes (alternative)
cumlīðness (alternative)
cumlīþnys (alternative)
cumlīðnys (alternative)

Iċ þanciġe þē þīnre cumlīþnesse.


uncumliþnes

uncumlīþnes (canonical feminine)
uncumlīþnes (nominative singular)
uncumlīþnessa (nominative plural)
uncumlīþnesse (nominative plural)
uncumlīþnesse (accusative singular)
uncumlīþnessa (accusative plural)
uncumlīþnesse (accusative plural)
uncumlīþnesse (genitive singular)
uncumlīþnessa (genitive plural)
uncumlīþnesse (dative singular)
uncumlīþnessum (dative plural)
uncumlīþness (alternative)
uncumlīðnes (alternative)
uncumlīðness (alternative)
uncumlīðnys (alternative)
uncumlīðnyss (alternative)

From un- + cumlīþnes or uncumlīþe + -nes.


Arabisc

Arabisċ (canonical neuter)
Arabisċ (nominative singular)
Arabisċ (accusative singular)
Arabisċes (genitive singular)
Arabisċe (dative singular)

Formed in Old English as Arabia + -isċ or from Latin arabicus (-icus was usually changed to -isċ in loanwords from Latin).


telga

telga (nominative singular)
telgan (nominative plural)
telgan (accusative singular)
telgan (accusative plural)
telgan (genitive singular)
telgena (genitive plural)
telgan (dative singular)
telgum (dative plural)
telgo (alternative Anglian)

Middle English: *telwe, *tilwe

English: tillow

From Proto-West Germanic *telgō, from Proto-Germanic *telgô, *telguz, from Proto-Indo-European *delgʰ- (“to split, carve, hew”).


gelæte

ġelǣte (canonical neuter)
ġelǣte (nominative singular)
ġelǣtu (nominative plural)
ġelǣte (accusative singular)
ġelǣtu (accusative plural)
ġelǣtes (genitive singular)
ġelǣta (genitive plural)
ġelǣte (dative singular)
ġelǣtum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: lete, let, late
English: leat, leet
Yola: leet

Perhaps derived from the verb lǣtan (“to let go, leave”).


ængel

ænġel (canonical masculine)
ænġel (nominative singular)
ænġlas (nominative plural)
ænġel (accusative singular)
ænġlas (accusative plural)
ænġles (genitive singular)
ænġla (genitive plural)
ænġle (dative singular)
ænġlum (dative plural)


heorra

heorra (nominative singular)
heorran (nominative plural)
heorran (accusative singular)
heorran (accusative plural)
heorran (genitive singular)
heorrena (genitive plural)
heorran (dative singular)
heorrum (dative plural)

Middle English: herre, har, harre, her, horre, heorre (Early Middle English)
English: har, harr, harre
Scots: harr, herre, har
Yola: harr, har

From Proto-West Germanic *herʀō or *her(r)ō, from Proto-Germanic *herzô or *her(r)ô.


þoden

þoden (nominative singular)
þodenas (nominative plural)
þoden (accusative singular)
þodenas (accusative plural)
þodenes (genitive singular)
þodena (genitive plural)
þodene (dative singular)
þodenum (dative plural)
ðoden (alternative)

Unknown. Compare Old English þoddettan (“to push, strike, batter”), Old English þyddan (“to strike, thrust, push”).


swefl

swefl (nominative singular)
sweflas (nominative plural)
swefl (accusative singular)
sweflas (accusative plural)
swefles (genitive singular)
swefla (genitive plural)
swefle (dative singular)
sweflum (dative plural)
swefel (alternative)
swæfl (alternative)

c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Luke 17:29

On the day that Lot went out of Sodom, fire and sulfur rained from heaven and destroyed them all.

On þām dæġe þe Lōþ ēode of Sodoma, hit riġnde fȳr and swefl of heofone and ealle forspilde.


wyrp

wyrp (nominative singular)
wyrpas (nominative plural)
wyrp (accusative singular)
wyrpas (accusative plural)
wyrpes (genitive singular)
wyrpa (genitive plural)
wyrpe (dative singular)
wyrpum (dative plural)


cynehelm

cynehelm (nominative singular)
cynehelmas (nominative plural)
cynehelm (accusative singular)
cynehelmas (accusative plural)
cynehelmes (genitive singular)
cynehelma (genitive plural)
cynehelme (dative singular)
cynehelmum (dative plural)
cyneheolm (alternative)
kynehelm (alternative)
kyneheolm (alternative)

Middle English: kinehelm, kynehelm


ingefeoht

inġefeoht (canonical neuter)
inġefeoht (nominative singular)
inġefeoht (nominative plural)
inġefeoht (accusative singular)
inġefeoht (accusative plural)
inġefeohtes (genitive singular)
inġefeohta (genitive plural)
inġefeohte (dative singular)
inġefeohtum (dative plural)


cymen

cymen (nominative singular)
cymenas (nominative plural)
cymen (accusative singular)
cymenas (accusative plural)
cymenes (genitive singular)
cymena (genitive plural)
cymene (dative singular)
cymenum (dative plural)
cumin (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: comyn, comyne, comyng, cummyng, cumyn, cymin
English: cumin

From Latin cuminum, from Ancient Greek κύμῑνον (kúmīnon).


feldefare

Middle English: feldefare, feldfar, feldfare, ffeldefare, ffeldfare, veldevare
English: fieldfare (dialectal feltyfare, velverd)
Scots: feltiflyer (reinterpreted)

Turdus pilaris
Turdus pilaris#Translingual


snægl

snæġl (canonical masculine)
snæġl (nominative singular)
snæġlas (nominative plural)
snæġl (accusative singular)
snæġlas (accusative plural)
snæġles (genitive singular)
snæġla (genitive plural)
snæġle (dative singular)
snæġlum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *snagil, from Proto-Germanic *snagilaz.


steort

steort (nominative singular)
steortas (nominative plural)
steort (accusative singular)
steortas (accusative plural)
steortes (genitive singular)
steorta (genitive plural)
steorte (dative singular)
steortum (dative plural)
stert (alternative)

Middle English: stert

English: start

Scots: start, stairt

From Proto-West Germanic *stert, from Proto-Germanic *stertaz (“tail”).


fyrdwite

fyrdwīte (canonical neuter)
fyrdwīte (nominative singular)
fyrdwītu (nominative plural)
fyrdwīte (accusative singular)
fyrdwītu (accusative plural)
fyrdwītes (genitive singular)
fyrdwīta (genitive plural)
fyrdwīte (dative singular)
fyrdwītum (dative plural)


ebba

ebba (nominative singular)
ebban (nominative plural)
ebban (accusative singular)
ebban (accusative plural)
ebban (genitive singular)
ebbena (genitive plural)
ebban (dative singular)
ebbum (dative plural)

Middle English: ebbe, eb
English: ebb
Scots: ebb


wylf

wylf (nominative singular)
wylfe (nominative plural)
wylfa (nominative plural)
wylf (accusative singular)
wylfe (accusative singular)
wylfe (accusative plural)
wylfa (accusative plural)
wylfe (genitive singular)
wylfa (genitive plural)
wylfe (dative singular)
wylfum (dative plural)
ᚹᚣᛚᛁᚠ (alternative)


mycgnett

myċġnett (canonical neuter)
myċġnett (nominative singular)
myċġnett (nominative plural)
myċġnett (accusative singular)
myċġnett (accusative plural)
myċġnettes (genitive singular)
myċġnetta (genitive plural)
myċġnette (dative singular)
myċġnettum (dative plural)
myċġnet (alternative)


feaxnett

feaxnett (nominative singular)
feaxnett (nominative plural)
feaxnett (accusative singular)
feaxnett (accusative plural)
feaxnettes (genitive singular)
feaxnetta (genitive plural)
feaxnette (dative singular)
feaxnettum (dative plural)
feaxnet (alternative)


hunigcamb

huniġcamb (canonical feminine)
huniġcamb (nominative singular)
huniġcamba (nominative plural)
huniġcambe (nominative plural)
huniġcambe (accusative singular)
huniġcamba (accusative plural)
huniġcambe (accusative plural)
huniġcambe (genitive singular)
huniġcamba (genitive plural)
huniġcambe (dative singular)
huniġcambum (dative plural)

Middle English: honycomb

English: honeycomb

Scots: huny kam


wrot

wrōt (canonical masculine)
wrōt (nominative singular)
wrōtas (nominative plural)
wrōt (accusative singular)
wrōtas (accusative plural)
wrōtes (genitive singular)
wrōta (genitive plural)
wrōte (dative singular)
wrōtum (dative plural)

Middle English: wrot, wrotte

Scots: wort (“pig's snout”)

⇒ Scots: wrotok

Apparently a clipping of earlier *wrōtl, *wrōtul, *wrōtel, from Proto-West Germanic *wrōtil, equivalent to wrōtan + -el.


ielde

ielde (nominative plural)
ielde (accusative plural)
ielda (genitive plural)
ieldum (dative plural)
ælde (alternative)
ylde (alternative)
elde (alternative)

From Proto-West Germanic *aldī, from Proto-Germanic *aldīz (“human beings, people, men”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to nourish, grow”). Cognate with Old Saxon eldī (“human being, person, man”), Old Norse aldir (“men, mankind”). Related to Old English eald (“old”).

cog

... gold on grēote, þǣr hit nū gēn lifað,

10th century (manuscript date), Beowulf, lines 3167-3168

... gold under gravel, where it now still lies,
to men as useless, as it was before.


ielde

inflection of ieldu:
nominative/accusative plural

inflection of ieldu:
accusative/genitive/dative singular


weðer

weðer (nominative singular)
weðeras (nominative plural)
weðer (accusative singular)
weðeras (accusative plural)
weðeres (genitive singular)
weðera (genitive plural)
weðere (dative singular)
weðerum (dative plural)


bæðhus

bæðhūs (canonical neuter)
bæðhūs (nominative singular)
bæðhūs (nominative plural)
bæðhūs (accusative singular)
bæðhūs (accusative plural)
bæðhūses (genitive singular)
bæðhūsa (genitive plural)
bæðhūse (dative singular)
bæðhūsum (dative plural)


leðer

leðer (nominative singular)
leðer (nominative plural)
leðer (accusative singular)
leðer (accusative plural)
leðres (genitive singular)
leðra (genitive plural)
leðre (dative singular)
leðrum (dative plural)


brord

brord (nominative singular)
brordas (nominative plural)
brord (accusative singular)
brordas (accusative plural)
brordes (genitive singular)
brorda (genitive plural)
brorde (dative singular)
brordum (dative plural)

Middle English: brodd (partly)

English: brod

From Proto-West Germanic *broʀd, from Proto-Germanic *bruzdaz.


mæser

mæser (nominative singular)
mæseras (nominative plural)
mæser (accusative singular)
mæseras (accusative plural)
mæseres (genitive singular)
mæsera (genitive plural)
mæsere (dative singular)
mæserum (dative plural)
*maser (alternative)
*masor (alternative)

Middle English: maser, mazer

English: mazer


cwellere

cwellere (nominative singular)
cwelleras (nominative plural)
cwellere (accusative singular)
cwelleras (accusative plural)
cwelleres (genitive singular)
cwellera (genitive plural)
cwellere (dative singular)
cwellerum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: quellere, cwellere, quellare, queller
English: queller

From cwellan (“to kill”) + -ere (agent suffix)

com

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Ash-Wednesday"
Þā cwæð eall sēo meniu þe ðǣr mid stōd ofwundrod þæt sē cwellere ne sceolde swencan hī nā leng...

Then said all the multitude who stood there astonished, that the executioner should vex her no longer,...


foresægdnes

foresæġdnes (canonical feminine)
foresæġdnes (nominative singular)
foresæġdnessa (nominative plural)
foresæġdnesse (nominative plural)
foresæġdnesse (accusative singular)
foresæġdnessa (accusative plural)
foresæġdnesse (accusative plural)
foresæġdnesse (genitive singular)
foresæġdnessa (genitive plural)
foresæġdnesse (dative singular)
foresæġdnessum (dative plural)
foresæġdness (alternative)
foresæġdnis (alternative)
foresæġdniss (alternative)
foresæġdnys (alternative)
foresæġdnyss (alternative)

From foresæġd (“said before”) + -nes (“-ness”).


hwælhunta

hwælhunta (nominative singular)
hwælhuntan (nominative plural)
hwælhuntan (accusative singular)
hwælhuntan (accusative plural)
hwælhuntan (genitive singular)
hwælhuntena (genitive plural)
hwælhuntan (dative singular)
hwælhuntum (dative plural)


hwælhuntoþ

hwælhuntoþ (nominative singular)
hwælhuntoþas (nominative plural)
hwælhuntoþ (accusative singular)
hwælhuntoþas (accusative plural)
hwælhuntoþes (genitive singular)
hwælhuntoþa (genitive plural)
hwælhuntoþe (dative singular)
hwælhuntoþum (dative plural)

From hwæl (“whale”) + huntoþ (“hunting”).


myse

mȳse (canonical feminine)
mȳse (nominative singular)
mȳsan (nominative plural)
mȳsan (accusative singular)
mȳsan (accusative plural)
mȳsan (genitive singular)
mȳsena (genitive plural)
mȳsan (dative singular)
mȳsum (dative plural)
mēse (alternative)


spelc

Middle English: spelk, spelke

English: spelk

Scots: spelk

From Proto-Germanic *spelkǭ, *spilkiz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pelg-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to split”). Cognate with Old Norse spelka, spjalk.


heala

hēala (canonical masculine)
hēala (nominative singular)
hēalan (nominative plural)
hēalan (accusative singular)
hēalan (accusative plural)
hēalan (genitive singular)
hēalena (genitive plural)
hēalan (dative singular)
hēalum (dative plural)


byrðen

byrðen (nominative singular)
byrðenna (nominative plural)
byrðenne (nominative plural)
byrðenne (accusative singular)
byrðenna (accusative plural)
byrðenne (accusative plural)
byrðenne (genitive singular)
byrðenna (genitive plural)
byrðenne (dative singular)
byrðennum (dative plural)


mynecenu

myneċenu (canonical feminine)
myneċenu (nominative singular)
myneċena (nominative plural)
myneċene (nominative plural)
myneċene (accusative singular)
myneċena (accusative plural)
myneċene (accusative plural)
myneċene (genitive singular)
myneċena (genitive plural)
myneċene (dative singular)
myneċenum (dative plural)

Middle English: minchen, mynchen

From munec + -en + -u or muneċen + -u; feminine variant of munuc (“monk”).


nunne

nunne (nominative singular)
nunnan (nominative plural)
nunnan (accusative singular)
nunnan (accusative plural)
nunnan (genitive singular)
nunnena (genitive plural)
nunnan (dative singular)
nunnum (dative plural)
nonne (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: nonne, nunne
English: nun
Scots: nun

From Proto-West Germanic *nunnā (“nun”).


flietan

inflection of flīete:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of flīete:
genitive/dative singular


gewritere

ġewritere (canonical masculine)
ġewritere (nominative singular)
ġewriteras (nominative plural)
ġewritere (accusative singular)
ġewriteras (accusative plural)
ġewriteres (genitive singular)
ġewritera (genitive plural)
ġewritere (dative singular)
ġewriterum (dative plural)


clawe

accusative/genitive/dative singular of clawu


eagduru

ēagduru (canonical feminine)
ēagduru (nominative singular)
ēagdura (nominative plural)
ēagduru (accusative singular)
ēagdura (accusative plural)
ēagdura (genitive singular)
ēagdura (genitive plural)
ēagdura (dative singular)
ēagdurum (dative plural)

/ˈæ͜ɑːɡˌdu.ru/

[ˈæ͜ɑːɣˌdu.ru]

From Proto-Germanic *augōdurz, equivalent to ēage (“eye”) + duru (“door”). Cognate with Old High German ougatora, Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍉 (augadaurō).


sife

sife (nominative singular)
sifu (nominative plural)
sife (accusative singular)
sifu (accusative plural)
sifes (genitive singular)
sifa (genitive plural)
sife (dative singular)
sifum (dative plural)
sibi (alternative)

Middle English: sive, syve, syfe, syffe (Northern), ceve, cyve, seve (Late Middle English), sife (Early Middle English)
English: sieve
Middle Scots: siffe, syffe, sif, syf
Scots: sieve


eorldom

eorldōm (canonical masculine)
eorldōm (nominative singular)
eorldōm (accusative singular)
eorldōmes (genitive singular)
eorldōme (dative singular)

Middle English: erldom, eerldom, eorldom, erldam, erldome, erledom, erledome, irldom
English: earldom
Scots: erldom


isearn

īsearn (canonical masculine)
īsearn (nominative singular)
īsearnas (nominative plural)
īsearn (accusative singular)
īsearnas (accusative plural)
īsearnes (genitive singular)
īsearna (genitive plural)
īsearne (dative singular)
īsearnum (dative plural)
īsern (alternative)
īsen (alternative)

/ˈiːsˌæ͜ɑrn/

[ˈiːzˌæ͜ɑrˠn]

From īs (“ice”) + earn (“eagle”). Compare Dutch ijsvogel, German Eisvogel.


gehiersumnes

ġehīersumnes (canonical feminine)
ġehīersumnes (nominative singular)
ġehīersumnessa (nominative plural)
ġehīersumnesse (nominative plural)
ġehīersumnesse (accusative singular)
ġehīersumnessa (accusative plural)
ġehīersumnesse (accusative plural)
ġehīersumnesse (genitive singular)
ġehīersumnessa (genitive plural)
ġehīersumnesse (dative singular)
ġehīersumnessum (dative plural)
ġehīrsumnes (alternative Early West-Saxon)
ġehȳrsumnes (alternative Late-West-Saxon)
ġehērsumnes (alternative Anglian Kentish)


ungehiersumnes

unġehīersumnes (canonical feminine)
unġehīersumnes (nominative singular)
unġehīersumnessa (nominative plural)
unġehīersumnesse (nominative plural)
unġehīersumnesse (accusative singular)
unġehīersumnessa (accusative plural)
unġehīersumnesse (accusative plural)
unġehīersumnesse (genitive singular)
unġehīersumnessa (genitive plural)
unġehīersumnesse (dative singular)
unġehīersumnessum (dative plural)
unġehīrsumnes (alternative Early West-Saxon)
unġehȳrsumnes (alternative Late-West-Saxon)
unġehērsumnes (alternative Anglian Kentish)


ceasnes

ċēasnes (canonical feminine)
ċēasnes (nominative singular)
ċēasnessa (nominative plural)
ċēasnesse (nominative plural)
ċēasnesse (accusative singular)
ċēasnessa (accusative plural)
ċēasnesse (accusative plural)
ċēasnesse (genitive singular)
ċēasnessa (genitive plural)
ċēasnesse (dative singular)
ċēasnessum (dative plural)
ċēasness (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *kaus- (from Proto-Germanic *keusaną (“to choose”)) + -nes.


ymbsnidennes

ymbsnidennes (nominative singular)
ymbsnidennessa (nominative plural)
ymbsnidennesse (nominative plural)
ymbsnidennesse (accusative singular)
ymbsnidennessa (accusative plural)
ymbsnidennesse (accusative plural)
ymbsnidennesse (genitive singular)
ymbsnidennessa (genitive plural)
ymbsnidennesse (dative singular)
ymbsnidennessum (dative plural)
ymbsnidennys (alternative)
ymbsnidennis (alternative)
ymbsnidenys (alternative)
ymbsnidenis (alternative)

From ymbsniden, past participle of ymbsnīþan (“to circumcise”), + the suffix -nes.

late 9th century, Old English Martyrology
On þǣm dæġe Crīst onfeng þā ealdan ymbsnidenysse ond þā ealdan clǣsnunge Iūdea folces, þæt þonne wæs þæt hīe æġhwelċum cnihtċilde ymbsnidon þæt werlīċe līm on þǣm eahteðan dæġe æfter his acennisse, ond sēo clǣsnung him wæs swā hȧliġ swā ūs is fullwiht...

On that day Christ underwent the traditional circumcision and purification of the Judean folk, which was that manly limb of each of their male children was circumcised on the eighth day after his bird, and the purification was as holy as baptism is for us...


ymbstandennes

ymbstandennes (nominative singular)
ymbstandennessa (nominative plural)
ymbstandennesse (nominative plural)
ymbstandennesse (accusative singular)
ymbstandennessa (accusative plural)
ymbstandennesse (accusative plural)
ymbstandennesse (genitive singular)
ymbstandennessa (genitive plural)
ymbstandennesse (dative singular)
ymbstandennessum (dative plural)
ymbstandenness (alternative)

From ymbstanden (“surrounded”) + -nes (“-ness”). Perhaps originally a calque of Latin circumstantia. Compare West Frisian omstannichhed, Dutch omstandigheid, German Umstand, and Swedish omständighet, which are formed similarly.


forlidennes

forlidennes (nominative singular)
forlidennessa (nominative plural)
forlidennesse (nominative plural)
forlidennesse (accusative singular)
forlidennessa (accusative plural)
forlidennesse (accusative plural)
forlidennesse (genitive singular)
forlidennessa (genitive plural)
forlidennesse (dative singular)
forlidennessum (dative plural)
forlidenness (alternative)
forlidennys (alternative)
forlidennis (alternative)


gewyscing

ġewȳsċing (canonical feminine)
ġewȳsċing (nominative singular)
ġewȳsċinga (nominative plural)
ġewȳsċinge (nominative plural)
ġewȳsċinge (accusative singular)
ġewȳsċinga (accusative plural)
ġewȳsċinge (accusative plural)
ġewȳsċinge (genitive singular)
ġewȳsċinga (genitive plural)
ġewȳsċinge (dative singular)
ġewȳsċingum (dative plural)
ġewȳsċincg (alternative)


gewyscednes

ġewȳsċednes (canonical feminine)
ġewȳsċednes (nominative singular)
ġewȳsċednessa (nominative plural)
ġewȳsċednesse (nominative plural)
ġewȳsċednesse (accusative singular)
ġewȳsċednessa (accusative plural)
ġewȳsċednesse (accusative plural)
ġewȳsċednesse (genitive singular)
ġewȳsċednessa (genitive plural)
ġewȳsċednesse (dative singular)
ġewȳsċednessum (dative plural)

From ġewȳsċed, past participle of ġewȳsċan (“to adopt”), + the suffix -nes.


gewiht

ġewiht (canonical neuter)
ġewiht (nominative singular)
ġewiht (nominative plural)
ġewiht (accusative singular)
ġewiht (accusative plural)
ġewihtes (genitive singular)
ġewihta (genitive plural)
ġewihte (dative singular)
ġewihtum (dative plural)
gewihte (alternative)

desc

Middle English: ȝewihte, ȝewiht, iwichte, ȝewyht

ġemetu and ġewiht


redic

rediċ (canonical masculine)
rediċ (nominative singular)
redecas (nominative plural)
rediċ (accusative singular)
redecas (accusative plural)
rediċes (genitive singular)
redeca (genitive plural)
rediċe (dative singular)
redecum (dative plural)


wæpnwifestre

head

wǣpnwīfestre f (nominative plural wǣpnwīfestran)

wǣpnwīfestre (canonical feminine)
wǣpnwīfestran (nominative plural)
wǣpnwīfestre (nominative singular)
wǣpnwīfestran (nominative plural)
wǣpnwīfestran (accusative singular)
wǣpnwīfestran (accusative plural)
wǣpnwīfestran (genitive singular)
wǣpnwīfestrena (genitive plural)
wǣpnwīfestran (dative singular)
wǣpnwīfestrum (dative plural)
wǣpenwīfestre (alternative)

From wǣpn (“penis”) + wīf (“woman”) + -estre (“-ster”, literally “penis-woman”).


hnocc

hnocc (nominative singular)
hnoccas (nominative plural)
hnocc (accusative singular)
hnoccas (accusative plural)
hnocces (genitive singular)
hnocca (genitive plural)
hnocce (dative singular)
hnoccum (dative plural)

Derived from Proto-West Germanic *hnukēn, from Proto-Germanic *hnukāną (“to be bent, flex”), possibly through Proto-West Germanic *hnokuk (diminutive noun), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *knewg- (“to bend, pinch”), from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to pinch”).


Χp̃es mæssa

English: X'temmas, Xtmas, Xmas

From Cristes mæsse, the abbreviation of Crist by the symbol X, from Ancient Greek Χ (Kh, “(letter chi)”), from Χριστός (Khristós, “Christ”).

On þison geare se cyng Willelm heold his hired to Χp̃es mæssa on Gleaweceastre. ⁊ to Eastron on Winceastre. ⁊ to Pentecosten on Westmynstre.

c. 1100, John Earle, editor, Two of the Saxon chronicles parallel, Oxford: Clarendon, published 1892, page 235:

In this year the King William held his court at Xmas in Glocester, and at Easter in Winchester, and at Pentecost in Westminster.


foresetnes

foresetnes (nominative singular)
foresetnessa (nominative plural)
foresetnesse (nominative plural)
foresetnesse (accusative singular)
foresetnessa (accusative plural)
foresetnesse (accusative plural)
foresetnesse (genitive singular)
foresetnessa (genitive plural)
foresetnesse (dative singular)
foresetnessum (dative plural)
foresetness (alternative)
foresetnys (alternative)
foresetnyss (alternative)

From foresett, past participle of foresettan (“to place before, propose”), + the suffix -nes.


ricsiend

From rīcsian (“to rule”) + -end (“agent suffix”).


nytennes

nytennes (nominative singular)
nytennessa (nominative plural)
nytennesse (nominative plural)
nytennesse (accusative singular)
nytennessa (accusative plural)
nytennesse (accusative plural)
nytennesse (genitive singular)
nytennessa (genitive plural)
nytennesse (dative singular)
nytennessum (dative plural)

c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. Paul the Apostle"
Æfter Cristes ðrowunge, ðaða se soða geleafa aspráng þurh ðæra apostola bodunge, ða ehte he cristenra manna þurh his nytennysse, and sette on cwearterne, and eac wæs on geðafunge æt ðæs forman cyðeres Stephanes slege: nis ðeah-hwæðere be him geræd, þæt hé handlinga ænigne man acwealde.

After Christ's passion, when the true faith had sprung up through the preaching of the apostles, he persecuted christian men through his ignorance, and set them in prison, and was also consenting to the slaying of the first martyr Stephen: it is not, however, read of him that he killed any man with his own hands.


hearpere

head

hearpere m (nominative plural hearperas)

hearperas (nominative plural)
hearpere (nominative singular)
hearperas (nominative plural)
hearpere (accusative singular)
hearperas (accusative plural)
hearperes (genitive singular)
hearpera (genitive plural)
hearpere (dative singular)
hearperum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: harpere, harpare, hareper, herper, arper
English: harper
Yola: harpeare


renge

renge (nominative singular)
rengan (nominative plural)
rengan (accusative singular)
rengan (accusative plural)
rengan (genitive singular)
rengena (genitive plural)
rengan (dative singular)
rengum (dative plural)


þincg

þinċġ (canonical neuter)
þinċġ (nominative singular)
þinċġ (nominative plural)
þinċġ (accusative singular)
þinċġ (accusative plural)
þinċġes (genitive singular)
þinċġa (genitive plural)
þinċġe (dative singular)
þinċġum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: þingc, þinȝ, þincge, thinche, thenge


eorþbifung

eorþbifung (nominative singular)
eorþbifunga (nominative plural)
eorþbifunge (nominative plural)
eorþbifunge (accusative singular)
eorþbifunga (accusative plural)
eorþbifunge (accusative plural)
eorþbifunge (genitive singular)
eorþbifunga (genitive plural)
eorþbifunge (dative singular)
eorþbifungum (dative plural)


gefog

ġefōg (canonical neuter)
ġefōg (nominative singular)
ġefōg (nominative plural)
ġefōg (accusative singular)
ġefōg (accusative plural)
ġefōges (genitive singular)
ġefōga (genitive plural)
ġefōge (dative singular)
ġefōgum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *gafōg, from Proto-Germanic *gafōgą, equivalent to ġe- + fōg. Compare Old High German gifuogi (“joint, connection”), Middle Low German gevôg, gevôch (“availability, need, necessity”).


wuda

inflection of wudu:
nominative/accusative plural

inflection of wudu:
genitive singular/plural


gecid

ġeċīd (canonical neuter)
ġeċīd (nominative singular)
ġeċīd (nominative plural)
ġeċīd (accusative singular)
ġeċīd (accusative plural)
ġeċīdes (genitive singular)
ġeċīda (genitive plural)
ġeċīde (dative singular)
ġeċīdum (dative plural)
ġeċiid (alternative)
ġiċiid (alternative)
ġeċȳd (alternative)

Middle English: chid, chide, chyde


miltheortnis

(Northumbrian) Alternative form of mildheortnes


efest

efest (nominative singular)
efeste (nominative plural)
efesta (nominative plural)
efest (accusative singular)
efeste (accusative singular)
efeste (accusative plural)
efesta (accusative plural)
efeste (genitive singular)
efesta (genitive plural)
efeste (dative singular)
efestum (dative plural)
œfest (alternative)
ofost (alternative)

From North Sea Germanic *obusti; beyond that, the word's origin is mysterious. Cognate with Old Saxon oƀastlīko (“quickly”).


œfest

œfest (nominative singular)
œfeste (nominative plural)
œfesta (nominative plural)
œfest (accusative singular)
œfeste (accusative singular)
œfeste (accusative plural)
œfesta (accusative plural)
œfeste (genitive singular)
œfesta (genitive plural)
œfeste (dative singular)
œfestum (dative plural)


cynig

cynig (nominative singular)
cynigas (nominative plural)
cynig (accusative singular)
cynigas (accusative plural)
cyniges (genitive singular)
cyniga (genitive plural)
cynige (dative singular)
cynigum (dative plural)


fæderrice

fæderrīċe (canonical neuter)
fæderrīċe (nominative singular)
fæderrīċu (nominative plural)
fæderrīċe (accusative singular)
fæderrīċu (accusative plural)
fæderrīċes (genitive singular)
fæderrīċa (genitive plural)
fæderrīċe (dative singular)
fæderrīċum (dative plural)

a doubtful word of vague meaning; see below


dægweorc

dæġweorc (canonical neuter)
dæġweorc (nominative singular)
dæġweorc (nominative plural)
dæġweorc (accusative singular)
dæġweorc (accusative plural)
dæġweorces (genitive singular)
dæġweorca (genitive plural)
dæġweorce (dative singular)
dæġweorcum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *dagawerką. Equivalent to dæġ (“day”) + weorc (“work”).


earhring

ēarhring (canonical masculine)
ēarhring (nominative singular)
ēarhringas (nominative plural)
ēarhring (accusative singular)
ēarhringas (accusative plural)
ēarhringes (genitive singular)
ēarhringa (genitive plural)
ēarhringe (dative singular)
ēarhringum (dative plural)

Middle English: erering

English: earring

/ˈæ͜ɑːrˌxrinɡ/

[ˈæ͜ɑːrˌr̥iŋɡ]

From Proto-West Germanic *auʀahring, equivalent to ēare (“ear”) + hring (“ring”).


dædbana

dǣdbana (canonical masculine)
dǣdbanan (nominative plural)

Gif man gehádodne mid fǽhþe belecge, and secge ðæt he wǽre dǽdbana

if any one charge one in holy orders with enmity, and say that he was a perpetrator of homicide.


wyrte

inflection of wyrt:
accusative/genitive/dative singular

inflection of wyrt:
nominative/accusative plural


godfæder

head

godfæder m (nominative plural godfæderas)

desctree

Middle English: godfader, godfæder, god-fader, godfadur, godefader, godfadyr, godfadir, godefadir, godfar
English: godfather


templ

templ (nominative singular)
templu (nominative plural)
templ (accusative singular)
templu (accusative plural)
temples (genitive singular)
templa (genitive plural)
temple (dative singular)
templum (dative plural)


granunge

accusative/genitive/dative singular of grānung


heafodstol

hēafodstōl (canonical masculine)
hēafodstōl (nominative singular)
hēafodstōlas (nominative plural)
hēafodstōl (accusative singular)
hēafodstōlas (accusative plural)
hēafodstōles (genitive singular)
hēafodstōla (genitive plural)
hēafodstōle (dative singular)
hēafodstōlum (dative plural)

Thēbāna fæsten ðætte ǣr wæs ealra Crēca hēafodstōl

the city of Thebes which had been the greatest city in all of Greece


bærs

From Proto-West Germanic *bars, from Proto-Germanic *barsaz (“perch”, literally “prickly”)


eagæppel

ēagæppel (canonical masculine)
ēagæppel (nominative singular)
ēagæppla (nominative plural)
ēagæppel (accusative singular)
ēagæppla (accusative plural)
ēagæppla (genitive singular)
ēagæppla (genitive plural)
ēagæppla (dative singular)
ēagæpplum (dative plural)
ēagæppel (nominative singular)
ēagæpplas (nominative plural)
ēagæppel (accusative singular)
ēagæpplas (accusative plural)
ēagæpples (genitive singular)
ēagæppla (genitive plural)
ēagæpple (dative singular)
ēagæpplum (dative plural)

Middle English: ij appel

English: eye-apple

desc

⇒ Middle English: appel of þe eyȝe, appel of the eie, appel of the yë

English: apple of the eye

/ˈæ͜ɑːɡˌæp.pel/

[ˈæ͜ɑːɣˌæp.pel]

From Proto-West Germanic *augapl (“eyeball, pupil”), equivalent to ēage + æppel. Cognate with Old Frisian āgappel (“eyeball”), Old High German ougapful (“eyeball”).


mædere

mædere (nominative singular)
mæderan (accusative singular)
mæderan (genitive singular)
mæderan (dative singular)
mædre (alternative)
mæddre (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *madarǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *modʰro-.

Rubia tinctorum
Rubia tinctorum#Translingual


æcermann

æcermann (nominative singular)
æcermenn (nominative plural)
æcermann (accusative singular)
æcermenn (accusative plural)
æcermannes (genitive singular)
æcermanna (genitive plural)
æcermenn (dative singular)
æcermannum (dative plural)
æcerman (alternative)

Middle English: akerman, acreman

English: acreman

From Proto-Germanic *akramann-, equivalent to æcer (“field”) + mann (“man”). Cognate with German Ackermann (“plowman”).


freondræden

head

frēondrǣden f (nominative plural frēondrǣdenna or frēondrǣdenne)

frēondrǣden (canonical feminine)
frēondrǣdenna (nominative plural)
frēondrǣdenne (nominative plural)
frēondrǣden (nominative singular)
frēondrǣdenna (nominative plural)
frēondrǣdenne (nominative plural)
frēondrǣdenne (accusative singular)
frēondrǣdenna (accusative plural)
frēondrǣdenne (accusative plural)
frēondrǣdenne (genitive singular)
frēondrǣdenna (genitive plural)
frēondrǣdenne (dative singular)
frēondrǣdennum (dative plural)

desc

Middle English: frendrede, frenderade, frenderede, freondrede, freondræden (Early Middle English), vrendrede (Kent)


grundweall

grundweall (nominative singular)
grundweallas (nominative plural)
grundweall (accusative singular)
grundweallas (accusative plural)
grundwealles (genitive singular)
grundwealla (genitive plural)
grundwealle (dative singular)
grundweallum (dative plural)
grundweal (alternative)

Middle English: groundwalle, grundwal

English: groundwall

→ Old Swedish: grundval, grunwald

Swedish: grundval

[ˈɡrundˌwæ͜ɑɫ]


hordere

hordere (nominative singular)
horderas (nominative plural)
hordere (accusative singular)
horderas (accusative plural)
horderes (genitive singular)
hordera (genitive plural)
hordere (dative singular)
horderum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: hordere, hordare, hordyer, horder
English: hoarder

By surface analysis, hord (“hoard”) + -ere.


gærshoppa

gærshoppa (nominative singular)
gærshoppan (nominative plural)
gærshoppan (accusative singular)
gærshoppan (accusative plural)
gærshoppan (genitive singular)
gærshoppena (genitive plural)
gærshoppan (dative singular)
gærshoppum (dative plural)


gærstapa

gærstapa (nominative singular)
gærstapan (nominative plural)
gærstapan (accusative singular)
gærstapan (accusative plural)
gærstapan (genitive singular)
gærstapena (genitive plural)
gærstapan (dative singular)
gærstapum (dative plural)

[ˈɡærˠsˌtɑ.pɑ]


hliep

hlīep (canonical masculine)
hlīep (nominative singular)
hlīepas (nominative plural)
hlīep (accusative singular)
hlīepas (accusative plural)
hlīepes (genitive singular)
hlīepa (genitive plural)
hlīepe (dative singular)
hlīepum (dative plural)
hlīp (alternative)
hlȳp (alternative)


wæps

wæps (nominative singular)
wæpsa (nominative plural)
wæpse (nominative plural)
wæpse (accusative singular)
wæpsa (accusative plural)
wæpse (accusative plural)
wæpse (genitive singular)
wæpsa (genitive plural)
wæpse (dative singular)
wæpsum (dative plural)
wæsp (alternative)
wæfs (alternative)

desctree

Middle English: wasp, wappes, waps, waspe
English: wasp, waps
Sranan Tongo: waswasi (reduplicated)
Scots: wasp, wesp


Ebreisc

Ebrēisċ (canonical neuter)
Ebrēisċ (nominative singular)
Ebrēisċ (accusative singular)
Ebrēisċes (genitive singular)
Ebrēisċe (dative singular)
Hebrēisċ (alternative)

From Latin hebraicus, assimilated to the suffix -isċ.


landfolc

Middle English: lond folk, land folk, londe-folk, land-folk, lond-folke, land folc, lond-folc, lond folc, londfolc
→ English: landfolk (calque)


welwillendnes

welwillendnes (nominative singular)
welwillendnessee (accusative singular)
welwillendnessee (genitive singular)
welwillendnessee (dative singular)


hæftling

hæftling (nominative plural)
hæftling (nominative singular)
hæftlingas (nominative plural)
hæftling (accusative singular)
hæftlingas (accusative plural)
hæftlinges (genitive singular)
hæftlinga (genitive plural)
hæftlinge (dative singular)
hæftlingum (dative plural)

From hæft + -ling. Compare German Häftling.

ðá áxode se ealdorman ðone hæftling hwæðer hé þurh drýcræft his bendas tóbrǽce

then the alderman asked the captive whether he broke his bonds by witchcraft


mæssedæg

mæssedæġ (canonical masculine)
mæssedæġ (nominative singular)
mæssedagas (nominative plural)
mæssedæġ (accusative singular)
mæssedagas (accusative plural)
mæssedæġes (genitive singular)
mæssedaga (genitive plural)
mæssedæġe (dative singular)
mæssedagum (dative plural)


ceapstow

/ˈt͡ʃæ͜ɑːpˌstoːw/


anbyrdnes

anbyrdnes (nominative singular)
anbyrdnessa (nominative plural)
anbyrdnesse (nominative plural)
anbyrdnesse (accusative singular)
anbyrdnessa (accusative plural)
anbyrdnesse (accusative plural)
anbyrdnesse (genitive singular)
anbyrdnessa (genitive plural)
anbyrdnesse (dative singular)
anbyrdnessum (dative plural)
anbyrdnys (alternative)


andwig

andwīg (canonical neuter)
andwīg (nominative singular)
andwīg (nominative plural)
andwīg (accusative singular)
andwīg (accusative plural)
andwīges (genitive singular)
andwīga (genitive plural)
andwīge (dative singular)
andwīgum (dative plural)

From Proto-Germanic *andawīgą, equivalent to and- + wīg.


wyrtweard

wyrtweard (nominative singular)
wyrtweardas (nominative plural)
wyrtweard (accusative singular)
wyrtweardas (accusative plural)
wyrtweardes (genitive singular)
wyrtwearda (genitive plural)
wyrtwearde (dative singular)
wyrtweardum (dative plural)

From wyrt (“plant”) + weard (“ward”). Compare wuduweard (“forester”), which is formed similarly.

c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 20:15

Then Jesus said to her [i.e., Mary Magdalene], "Ma'am, why are you crying? Who are you looking for?" Thinking he was the gardener, she said to him, "Sir, if you took him [i.e., Jesus' dead body] somewhere, then tell me where you put him, and I will take him."

Þā cwæþ sē Hǣlend tō hire, "Wīf, hwȳ wēpst þū? Hwone sēcst þū?" Hēo wēnde þæt hit sē wyrtweard wǣre, and cwæþ tō him, "Lēof, ġif þū hine nāme, sæġe mē hwǣr þū hine leġde, and iċ hine nime."


edlæcung

edlǣċung (canonical feminine)
edlǣċung (nominative singular)
edlǣċunga (nominative plural)
edlǣċunge (nominative plural)
edlǣċunge (accusative singular)
edlǣċunga (accusative plural)
edlǣċunge (accusative plural)
edlǣċunge (genitive singular)
edlǣċunga (genitive plural)
edlǣċunge (dative singular)
edlǣċungum (dative plural)

Hē sceal God biddan ðæt he hyne gehealde wið dara ǣrgedōnra yfla edlǣcunge

(Can we date this quote?), “De vita sanctius instituenda praecepta plurima”, in Ecclesiastical Institutes:

He shall pray to God to preserve him against a repetition of the evils before committed.


æcerceorl

æcerċeorl (canonical masculine)
æcerċeorl (nominative singular)
æcerċeorlas (nominative plural)
æcerċeorl (accusative singular)
æcerċeorlas (accusative plural)
æcerċeorles (genitive singular)
æcerċeorla (genitive plural)
æcerċeorle (dative singular)
æcerċeorlum (dative plural)


nasturcium

>? Middle English: nasturcium, naisturcium, narstucium, narstuscium
English: nasturtium (archaic nasturtian, nasturtion)

From Latin nasturtium, from Latin nāsus (“nose”) + tormentum (“torment”) or torquēre (“to twist”) for its pungence.

Nim þa wyrt nasturcium & pollegian, seoð on wætere, sile drincan.

a. 1200, Herbarium Apuleii, London, British Library, Harley 6258B:

Take the herbs nasturtium & pennyroyal, boil in water, and drink them.

various plants with a spicy flavor in the family Brassicaceae, especially the genus Nasturtium, watercress


bedcleofa

bedcleofa (nominative singular)
bedcleofan (nominative plural)
bedcleofan (accusative singular)
bedcleofan (accusative plural)
bedcleofan (genitive singular)
bedcleofena (genitive plural)
bedcleofan (dative singular)
bedcleofum (dative plural)
bedclyfa (alternative)


broþorræden

brōþorrǣden (canonical feminine)
brōþorrǣden (nominative singular)
brōþorrǣdena (nominative plural)
brōþorrǣdene (nominative plural)
brōþorrǣdene (accusative singular)
brōþorrǣdena (accusative plural)
brōþorrǣdene (accusative plural)
brōþorrǣdene (genitive singular)
brōþorrǣdena (genitive plural)
brōþorrǣdene (dative singular)
brōþorrǣdenum (dative plural)
brōðorrǣden (alternative)

From brōþor (“brother”) + -rǣden (“-hood”).

Oþþe wē ġefremmaþ mennisċe brōðorrǣdene oþþe wē forweorðaþ

Either we will achieve human brotherhood or we will perish.


fliema

flīema (canonical masculine)
flīema (nominative singular)
flīeman (nominative plural)
flīeman (accusative singular)
flīeman (accusative plural)
flīeman (genitive singular)
flīemena (genitive plural)
flīeman (dative singular)
flīemum (dative plural)
flīma (alternative Early West-Saxon)
flȳma (alternative Late-West-Saxon)
flēma (alternative Anglian Kentish)

Middle English: fleme

From flīeman (“to flee, escape”) + -a; compare flēam (“flight, flow”).

someone who flees: fugitive, refugee, runaway


hida

nominative/accusative/genitive plural of hīd


beatere

bēatere (canonical masculine)
bēatere (nominative singular)
bēateras (nominative plural)
bēatere (accusative singular)
bēateras (accusative plural)
bēateres (genitive singular)
bēatera (genitive plural)
bēatere (dative singular)
bēaterum (dative plural)

Middle English: betere

English: beater


fiscoþ

fiscoþ (nominative singular)
fiscoþas (nominative plural)
fiscoþ (accusative singular)
fiscoþas (accusative plural)
fiscoþes (genitive singular)
fiscoþa (genitive plural)
fiscoþe (dative singular)
fiscoþum (dative plural)

From Proto-West Germanic *fiskōþu, from Proto-Germanic *fiskōþuz. Equivalent to fiscian + -oþ.

c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 21:3

Then Peter said to them, "I want to go fishing."

Þā cwæþ Petrus tō him, "Iċ wille gān on fiscoþ."


feorþa dæl

fēorða dǣl (alternative)
fēorþandǣl (alternative)
fēorðandǣl (alternative)

c. 900, The Consolation of Philosophy
Eall mancynn and eall nīetenu ne notiaþ nāhwǣr nēah fēorðan dǣles þisse eorðan.

All of mankind and all the animals use nowhere near a fourth of this Earth.

late 10th century, Ælfric, "The Decollation of St. John the Baptist"
Fiðerrīca biþ sē þe hæfþ fēorðan dǣl rīċes.

A tetrarch is someone who has one fourth of a kingdom.


befer

befer (nominative singular)
befras (nominative plural)
befer (accusative singular)
befras (accusative plural)
befres (genitive singular)
befra (genitive plural)
befre (dative singular)
befrum (dative plural)
beofor (alternative)
byfor (alternative)
bebr (alternative)
bebir (alternative)
beber (alternative)
befor (alternative)
beofer (alternative)
beuer (alternative)

Middle English: bever, beauver, beever, befer, beofer, beuver, bevere, bevre, bevyr, bevyre, bewer, byvre
English: beaver
Scots: bever, baiver
→ Irish: béabhar

From earlier *bebr. The alternative form beofor must have the slightly different pre-form *bebur, since it shows back umlaut. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰébʰrus, whence Proto-Germanic *bebruz and Latin fiber.


beacenfyr

bēacenfȳr (canonical neuter)
bēacenfȳr (nominative singular)
bēacenfȳr (nominative plural)
bēacenfȳr (accusative singular)
bēacenfȳr (accusative plural)
bēacenfȳres (genitive singular)
bēacenfȳra (genitive plural)
bēacenfȳre (dative singular)
bēacenfȳrum (dative plural)


herebeacen

herebēacen (canonical neuter)
herebēacen (nominative singular)
herebēacnu (nominative plural)
herebēacen (accusative singular)
herebēacnu (accusative plural)
herebēacnes (genitive singular)
herebēacna (genitive plural)
herebēacne (dative singular)
herebēacnum (dative plural)

(literal or figurative) fleet signal, beacon, lighthouse


beacenstan

bēacenstān (canonical masculine)
bēacenstān (nominative singular)
bēacenstānas (nominative plural)
bēacenstān (accusative singular)
bēacenstānas (accusative plural)
bēacenstānes (genitive singular)
bēacenstāna (genitive plural)
bēacenstāne (dative singular)
bēacenstānum (dative plural)


beacnung

bēacnung (canonical feminine)
bēacnung (nominative singular)
bēacnunga (nominative plural)
bēacnunge (nominative plural)
bēacnunge (accusative singular)
bēacnunga (accusative plural)
bēacnunge (accusative plural)
bēacnunge (genitive singular)
bēacnunga (genitive plural)
bēacnunge (dative singular)
bēacnungum (dative plural)
bēacneng (alternative)
bīcnung (alternative)
bȳcnung (alternative)

Middle English: bekenynge, bekening, bekenyng, bekninge, beknynge, bekynnynge, bekynynge, bikenyng, becnunge (Early Middle English)
English: beckoning

[ˈbæ͜ɑːk.nuŋɡ]


wohceapung

wōhċēapung (canonical feminine)
wōhċēapung (nominative singular)
wōhċēapunga (nominative plural)
wōhċēapunge (nominative plural)
wōhċēapunge (accusative singular)
wōhċēapunga (accusative plural)
wōhċēapunge (accusative plural)
wōhċēapunge (genitive singular)
wōhċēapunga (genitive plural)
wōhċēapunge (dative singular)
wōhċēapungum (dative plural)

/ˈwoːxˌt͡ʃæ͜ɑː.punɡ/

[ˈwoːxˌt͡ʃæ͜ɑː.puŋɡ]

a fine to be paid for trading against market regulations


wohdæd

wōhdǣd (canonical feminine)
wōhdǣde (nominative plural)
wōhdǣd (nominative singular)
wōhdǣde (nominative plural)
wōhdǣda (nominative plural)
wōhdǣd (accusative singular)
wōhdǣde (accusative singular)
wōhdǣde (accusative plural)
wōhdǣda (accusative plural)
wōhdǣde (genitive singular)
wōhdǣda (genitive plural)
wōhdǣde (dative singular)
wōhdǣdum (dative plural)


wohdom

wōhdōm (canonical masculine)
wōhdōm (nominative singular)
wōhdōmas (nominative plural)
wōhdōm (accusative singular)
wōhdōmas (accusative plural)
wōhdōmes (genitive singular)
wōhdōma (genitive plural)
wōhdōme (dative singular)
wōhdōmum (dative plural)


wohfulnes

wōhfulnes (canonical feminine)
wōhfulnes (nominative singular)
wōhfulnessa (nominative plural)
wōhfulnesse (nominative plural)
wōhfulnesse (accusative singular)
wōhfulnessa (accusative plural)
wōhfulnesse (accusative plural)
wōhfulnesse (genitive singular)
wōhfulnessa (genitive plural)
wōhfulnesse (dative singular)
wōhfulnessum (dative plural)
wōhfulness (alternative)


wohgestreon

wōhġestrēon (canonical neuter)
wōhġestrēon (nominative singular)
wōhġestrēon (nominative plural)
wōhġestrēon (accusative singular)
wōhġestrēon (accusative plural)
wōhġestrēones (genitive singular)
wōhġestrēona (genitive plural)
wōhġestrēone (dative singular)
wōhġestrēonum (dative plural)


wohhæmed

wōhhǣmed (canonical neuter)
wōhhǣmed (nominative singular)
wōhhǣmed (nominative plural)
wōhhǣmed (accusative singular)
wōhhǣmed (accusative plural)
wōhhǣmedes (genitive singular)
wōhhǣmeda (genitive plural)
wōhhǣmede (dative singular)
wōhhǣmedum (dative plural)


wohhæmere

wōhhǣmere (canonical masculine)
wōhhǣmere (nominative singular)
wōhhǣmeras (nominative plural)
wōhhǣmere (accusative singular)
wōhhǣmeras (accusative plural)
wōhhǣmeres (genitive singular)
wōhhǣmera (genitive plural)
wōhhǣmere (dative singular)
wōhhǣmerum (dative plural)


wohnes

wōhnes (canonical feminine)
wōhnes (nominative singular)
wōhnessa (nominative plural)
wōhnesse (nominative plural)
wōhnesse (accusative singular)
wōhnessa (accusative plural)
wōhnesse (accusative plural)
wōhnesse (genitive singular)
wōhnessa (genitive plural)
wōhnesse (dative singular)
wōhnessum (dative plural)
wōhness (alternative)

late 10th century, Ælfric, "Memory of the Saints"
Se þridda leahter is auarita þæt is seo yfele gitsung and seo is wyrtruma ælcere wohnysse...

The third sin is Avaritia, that is, evil Covetousness, and it is the root of all wickedness...


hælsung

[ˈhæːɫ.zuŋɡ]


æmetta

ǣmetta (canonical masculine)
ǣmetta (nominative singular)
ǣmettan (nominative plural)
ǣmettan (accusative singular)
ǣmettan (accusative plural)
ǣmettan (genitive singular)
ǣmettena (genitive plural)
ǣmettan (dative singular)
ǣmettum (dative plural)
ǣmeta (alternative)
ǣmta (alternative)
æmetta (alternative)
æmeta (alternative)
æmta (alternative)
ēmetta (alternative)
emta (alternative)

From Proto-Germanic *uz- + *mōtiþō (“idleness, leisure, opportunity”), equivalent to ǣ- + *metta.


wierne

inflection of wiern:
accusative singular/plural

inflection of wiern:
genitive/dative singular


wolbærnes

wōlbǣrnes (canonical feminine)
wōlbǣrnes (nominative singular)
wōlbǣrnessa (nominative plural)
wōlbǣrnesse (nominative plural)
wōlbǣrnesse (accusative singular)
wōlbǣrnessa (accusative plural)
wōlbǣrnesse (accusative plural)
wōlbǣrnesse (genitive singular)
wōlbǣrnessa (genitive plural)
wōlbǣrnesse (dative singular)
wōlbǣrnessum (dative plural)
wōlbǣrness (alternative)