sceaþian in Old English

IPA: /ˈʃɑ.θi.ɑn/, [ˈʃɑ.ði.ɑn] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *skaþōn, from Proto-Germanic *skaþōną (“to injure”). Cognate with Old High German scadōn, Old Norse skaða. Etymology templates: {{dercat|ang|gem-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*skaþōn}} Proto-West Germanic *skaþōn, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*skaþōną|t=to injure}} Proto-Germanic *skaþōną (“to injure”), {{cog|goh|scadōn}} Old High German scadōn, {{cog|non|skaða}} Old Norse skaða Head templates: {{ang-verb|sċeaþian}} sċeaþian Inflection templates: {{ang-conj|sċeaþian<w2>}} Forms: sċeaþian [canonical], weak [table-tags], sċeaþian [infinitive], sċeaþienne [infinitive], sċeaþiġe [first-person, present, singular], sċeaþode [first-person, past, singular], sċeaþast [present, second-person, singular], sċeaþodest [past, second-person, singular], sċeaþaþ [present, singular, third-person], sċeaþode [past, singular, third-person], sċeaþiaþ [plural, present], sċeaþodon [past, plural], sċeaþiġe [present, singular], sċeaþode [past, singular], sċeaþiġen [plural, present], sċeaþoden [past, plural], sċeaþa [imperative, past, present, singular], sċeaþiaþ [imperative, past, plural, present], sċeaþiende [imperative, present], sċeaþod [imperative, past], ġesċeaþod [imperative, past]

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{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ġesċeaþian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sċeaþung"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "scathen",
            "3": "skathen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: scathen, skathen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: scathen, skathen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "scathe",
            "3": "skaith"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: scathe, skaith",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: scathe, skaith"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "scathe"
          },
          "expansion": "English: scathe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: scathe"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*skaþōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skaþōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*skaþōną",
        "t": "to injure"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skaþōną (“to injure”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "scadōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German scadōn",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "skaða"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse skaða",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *skaþōn, from Proto-Germanic *skaþōną (“to injure”). Cognate with Old High German scadōn, Old Norse skaða.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sċeaþian",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþiġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþiaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþiġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþiġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþiaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþiende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġesċeaþod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sċeaþian"
      },
      "expansion": "sċeaþian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sċeaþian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sċeaþa"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hurt, harm, injure"
      ],
      "id": "en-sceaþian-ang-verb-67ZqBNus",
      "links": [
        [
          "hurt",
          "hurt"
        ],
        [
          "harm",
          "harm"
        ],
        [
          "injure",
          "injure"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 79",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to spoil, rob"
      ],
      "id": "en-sceaþian-ang-verb-HBT~LBcL",
      "links": [
        [
          "spoil",
          "spoil"
        ],
        [
          "rob",
          "rob"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃɑ.θi.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈʃɑ.ði.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "edh spelling",
      "word": "sċeaðian"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sceaþian"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English class 2 weak verbs",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old English verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ġesċeaþian"
    },
    {
      "word": "sċeaþung"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "scathen",
            "3": "skathen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: scathen, skathen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: scathen, skathen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "scathe",
            "3": "skaith"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: scathe, skaith",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: scathe, skaith"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "scathe"
          },
          "expansion": "English: scathe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: scathe"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*skaþōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skaþōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*skaþōną",
        "t": "to injure"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skaþōną (“to injure”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "scadōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German scadōn",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "skaða"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse skaða",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *skaþōn, from Proto-Germanic *skaþōną (“to injure”). Cognate with Old High German scadōn, Old Norse skaða.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sċeaþian",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþiġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþiaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþiġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþiġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþiaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþiende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sċeaþod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġesċeaþod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sċeaþian"
      },
      "expansion": "sċeaþian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sċeaþian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "sċeaþa"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hurt, harm, injure"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hurt",
          "hurt"
        ],
        [
          "harm",
          "harm"
        ],
        [
          "injure",
          "injure"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to spoil, rob"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spoil",
          "spoil"
        ],
        [
          "rob",
          "rob"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃɑ.θi.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈʃɑ.ði.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "edh spelling",
      "word": "sċeaðian"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sceaþian"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

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"sceaþian" meaning in Old English

Verb