See pund in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pund",
"3": "punde",
"4": "pounde",
"5": "pound"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: pund, punde, pounde, pound",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: pund, punde, pounde, pound"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pound"
},
"expansion": "English: pound",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: pound"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northumbrian: pund"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "punt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Irish: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Irish: punt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "punt"
},
"expansion": "Irish: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: punt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "punt"
},
"expansion": "Manx: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: punt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "pund",
"3": "poond"
},
"expansion": "Scots: pund, poond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: pund, poond"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "punt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Welsh: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Welsh: punt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "punt"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: punt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*pund"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *pund",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*pundą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pundą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "la",
"3": "pondus"
},
"expansion": "Latin pondus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *pund, from Proto-Germanic *pundą, from Latin pondus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "pund n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "pund n",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Money",
"orig": "ang:Money",
"parents": [
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "ang:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 2 3 12 14 16 7 8 0 4 4 8 1 8 0 13 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 2 4 9 11 13 9 10 0 5 5 9 0 9 0 11 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Each month runs under one of the signs [of the Zodiac]. The first of the signs is called aries, that is \"ram\"; the second is taurus, that is \"bull\"; the third is gemini, that is \"twins\"; the fourth is cancer, that is \"crab\"; the fifth is lion; the sixth is virgo, that is \"virgin\"; the seventh is libra, that is \"pound\" or \"scales\"; eighth is scorpious, that is \"scorpion\"; ninth is sagittarius, that is \"shooter\"; tenth is capricornus, that is \"he-goat's horn\" or \"he-goat\"; eleventh is aquarius, that is \"pouring water\" or \"one that pours water\"; twelfth is pisces, that is \"fishes.\"",
"text": "c. 994, Ælfric, On the Year\nǢlċe mōnað hēo yrnð under ān þǣra tacna. Ān þǣra tacna ys ġehāten aries, þæt is ramm; oðer taurus, þæt is fearr; ðridda gemini, þæt synd ġetwisan; fēorða cancer, þæt is crabba; fīfta leo; syxta virgo, þæt is mǣden; seofoða libra, þæt is pund orde wǣġe; eahtoðe scorpius, þæt is þrōwend; nigoða is sagittarius, þæt is sċytta; teoða ys capricornus, þæt is buccan horn, oððe bucca; endlyfta is aquarius, þæt is wæter-ġyte, oððe þe þe wæter ġyt; twelfte is pisces, þæt synd fixas.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pound (weight or currency)"
],
"id": "en-pund-ang-noun-H-S0uAIj",
"links": [
[
"pound",
"pound"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pund/"
}
],
"word": "pund"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pund",
"3": "pound",
"4": "pond"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: pund, pound, pond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: pund, pound, pond"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pound",
"3": "pond"
},
"expansion": "English: pound, pond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: pound, pond"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "pund",
"3": "pond",
"4": "poind",
"5": "pound"
},
"expansion": "Scots: pund, pond, poind, pound",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: pund, pond, poind, pound"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "penn",
"t": "enclosure, pen"
},
"expansion": "Old English penn (“enclosure, pen”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pinn",
"t": "pin, peg, nail, bolt"
},
"expansion": "Old English pinn (“pin, peg, nail, bolt”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*pennian",
"t": "to close, lock in"
},
"expansion": "Old English *pennian (“to close, lock [in]”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Perhaps related to Old English penn (“enclosure, pen”), Old English pinn (“pin, peg, nail, bolt”), Old English *pennian (“to close, lock [in]”) attested in onpennad (“unpent, open”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "reconstructed nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "?",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*pund ?",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "*pund ?",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Old English/pund",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pundbryċe"
},
{
"word": "pundfald"
}
],
"glosses": [
"enclosure, pound"
],
"id": "en-pund-ang-noun-3vkmx0Aj",
"links": [
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
],
[
"pound",
"pound"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "pyndan"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pund/"
}
],
"word": "pund"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sv:Currencies"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pund",
"3": "punde",
"4": "pounde",
"5": "pound"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: pund, punde, pounde, pound",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: pund, punde, pounde, pound"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pound"
},
"expansion": "English: pound",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: pound"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northumbrian: pund"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "punt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Irish: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Irish: punt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "punt"
},
"expansion": "Irish: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: punt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "punt"
},
"expansion": "Manx: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: punt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "pund",
"3": "poond"
},
"expansion": "Scots: pund, poond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: pund, poond"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "punt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Welsh: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Welsh: punt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "punt"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: punt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: punt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*pund"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *pund",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*pundą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pundą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "la",
"3": "pondus"
},
"expansion": "Latin pondus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *pund, from Proto-Germanic *pundą, from Latin pondus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "pund n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "pund n",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English neuter nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Latin",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Money",
"ang:Units of measure"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Each month runs under one of the signs [of the Zodiac]. The first of the signs is called aries, that is \"ram\"; the second is taurus, that is \"bull\"; the third is gemini, that is \"twins\"; the fourth is cancer, that is \"crab\"; the fifth is lion; the sixth is virgo, that is \"virgin\"; the seventh is libra, that is \"pound\" or \"scales\"; eighth is scorpious, that is \"scorpion\"; ninth is sagittarius, that is \"shooter\"; tenth is capricornus, that is \"he-goat's horn\" or \"he-goat\"; eleventh is aquarius, that is \"pouring water\" or \"one that pours water\"; twelfth is pisces, that is \"fishes.\"",
"text": "c. 994, Ælfric, On the Year\nǢlċe mōnað hēo yrnð under ān þǣra tacna. Ān þǣra tacna ys ġehāten aries, þæt is ramm; oðer taurus, þæt is fearr; ðridda gemini, þæt synd ġetwisan; fēorða cancer, þæt is crabba; fīfta leo; syxta virgo, þæt is mǣden; seofoða libra, þæt is pund orde wǣġe; eahtoðe scorpius, þæt is þrōwend; nigoða is sagittarius, þæt is sċytta; teoða ys capricornus, þæt is buccan horn, oððe bucca; endlyfta is aquarius, þæt is wæter-ġyte, oððe þe þe wæter ġyt; twelfte is pisces, þæt synd fixas.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pound (weight or currency)"
],
"links": [
[
"pound",
"pound"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pund/"
}
],
"word": "pund"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "pundbryċe"
},
{
"word": "pundfald"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pund",
"3": "pound",
"4": "pond"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: pund, pound, pond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: pund, pound, pond"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pound",
"3": "pond"
},
"expansion": "English: pound, pond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: pound, pond"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "pund",
"3": "pond",
"4": "poind",
"5": "pound"
},
"expansion": "Scots: pund, pond, poind, pound",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: pund, pond, poind, pound"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "penn",
"t": "enclosure, pen"
},
"expansion": "Old English penn (“enclosure, pen”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pinn",
"t": "pin, peg, nail, bolt"
},
"expansion": "Old English pinn (“pin, peg, nail, bolt”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*pennian",
"t": "to close, lock in"
},
"expansion": "Old English *pennian (“to close, lock [in]”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Perhaps related to Old English penn (“enclosure, pen”), Old English pinn (“pin, peg, nail, bolt”), Old English *pennian (“to close, lock [in]”) attested in onpennad (“unpent, open”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "reconstructed nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "?",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*pund ?",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "*pund ?",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Old English/pund",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "pyndan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English reconstructed nouns",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Old English entries"
],
"glosses": [
"enclosure, pound"
],
"links": [
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
],
[
"pound",
"pound"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pund/"
}
],
"word": "pund"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pund meaning in Old English (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (aeaf2a1 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.