pinian in Old English

IPA: /ˈpiː.ni.ɑn/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *pīnōną, from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ). Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*pīnōną}} Proto-Germanic *pīnōną, {{der|ang|la|poena}} Latin poena, {{der|ang|grc|ποινή}} Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ) Head templates: {{ang-verb|pīnian}} pīnian Inflection templates: {{ang-conj|pīnian<w2>}} Forms: pīnian [canonical], weak [table-tags], pīnian [infinitive], pīnienne [infinitive], pīniġe [first-person, present, singular], pīnode [first-person, past, singular], pīnast [present, second-person, singular], pīnodest [past, second-person, singular], pīnaþ [present, singular, third-person], pīnode [past, singular, third-person], pīniaþ [plural, present], pīnodon [past, plural], pīniġe [present, singular], pīnode [past, singular], pīniġen [plural, present], pīnoden [past, plural], pīna [imperative, past, present, singular], pīniaþ [imperative, past, plural, present], pīniende [imperative, present], pīnod [imperative, past], ġepīnod [imperative, past]

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "pinen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: pinen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: pinen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pine"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pine",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pine"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "pine"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: pine",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: pine"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*pīnōną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pīnōną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "poena"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin poena",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ποινή"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *pīnōną, from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pīnian",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġepīnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pīnian"
      },
      "expansion": "pīnian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pīnian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ang",
          "name": "Torture",
          "orig": "ang:Torture",
          "parents": [
            "Violence",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "pīnung"
        },
        {
          "word": "pīnere"
        },
        {
          "word": "pīnness"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to torment, torture"
      ],
      "id": "en-pinian-ang-verb-0ceHlVZZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "torment",
          "torment"
        ],
        [
          "torture",
          "torture"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpiː.ni.ɑn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinian"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "pīnung"
    },
    {
      "word": "pīnere"
    },
    {
      "word": "pīnness"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "pinen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: pinen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: pinen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pine"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pine",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pine"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "pine"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: pine",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: pine"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*pīnōną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pīnōną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "poena"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin poena",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ποινή"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *pīnōną, from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pīnian",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġepīnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pīnian"
      },
      "expansion": "pīnian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pīnian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English class 2 weak verbs",
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
        "Old English terms derived from Latin",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old English verbs",
        "ang:Torture"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to torment, torture"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "torment",
          "torment"
        ],
        [
          "torture",
          "torture"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpiː.ni.ɑn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinian"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"pinian" meaning in Old English

Verb