pinian in Old English

IPA: /ˈpiː.ni.ɑn/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *pīnōn, ultimately from Latin pēna, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ). Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*pīnōn}} Proto-West Germanic *pīnōn, {{der|ang|la|poena|pēna}} Latin pēna, {{der|ang|grc|ποινή}} Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ) Head templates: {{ang-verb|pīnian}} pīnian Inflection templates: {{ang-conj|pīnian<w2>}} Forms: pīnian [canonical], weak [table-tags], pīnian [infinitive], pīnienne [infinitive], pīniġe [first-person, present, singular], pīnode [first-person, past, singular], pīnast [present, second-person, singular], pīnodest [past, second-person, singular], pīnaþ [present, singular, third-person], pīnode [past, singular, third-person], pīniaþ [plural, present], pīnodon [past, plural], pīniġe [present, singular], pīnode [past, singular], pīniġen [plural, present], pīnoden [past, plural], pīna [imperative, past, present, singular], pīniaþ [imperative, past, plural, present], pīniende [imperative, present], pīnod [imperative, past], ġepīnod [imperative, past]

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "pinen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: pinen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: pinen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pine"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pine",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pine"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "pine"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: pine",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: pine"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*pīnōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *pīnōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "poena",
        "4": "pēna"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pēna",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ποινή"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *pīnōn, ultimately from Latin pēna, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pīnian",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġepīnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pīnian"
      },
      "expansion": "pīnian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pīnian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ang",
          "name": "Torture",
          "orig": "ang:Torture",
          "parents": [
            "Violence",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "pīnung"
        },
        {
          "word": "pīnere"
        },
        {
          "word": "pīnness"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to torment, torture"
      ],
      "id": "en-pinian-ang-verb-0ceHlVZZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "torment",
          "torment"
        ],
        [
          "torture",
          "torture"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpiː.ni.ɑn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinian"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "pīnung"
    },
    {
      "word": "pīnere"
    },
    {
      "word": "pīnness"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "pinen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: pinen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: pinen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pine"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pine",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pine"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "pine"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: pine",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: pine"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*pīnōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *pīnōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "poena",
        "4": "pēna"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pēna",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ποινή"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *pīnōn, ultimately from Latin pēna, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pīnian",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīniende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pīnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġepīnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pīnian"
      },
      "expansion": "pīnian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pīnian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English class 2 weak verbs",
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
        "Old English terms derived from Latin",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old English verbs",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "ang:Torture"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to torment, torture"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "torment",
          "torment"
        ],
        [
          "torture",
          "torture"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpiː.ni.ɑn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pinian"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"pinian" meaning in Old English

Verb