hrum in Old English

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Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *hrūm. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*hrūm}} Proto-West Germanic *hrūm Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|||||g=m|g2=|g3=|head=hrūm|head2=|sort=}} hrūm m, {{ang-noun|m|head=hrūm}} hrūm m Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-a-m|hrūm}}, {{ang-decl-noun|hrūm|hrūmas|hrūm|hrūmas|hrūmes|hrūma|hrūme|hrūmum|num=|title=|type=strong a-stem}} Forms: hrūm [canonical, masculine], no-table-tags [table-tags], hrūm [nominative, singular], hrūmas [nominative, plural], hrūm [accusative, singular], hrūmas [accusative, plural], hrūmes [genitive, singular], hrūma [genitive, plural], hrūme [dative, singular], hrūmum [dative, plural]

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{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hrūm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrūm",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hrūm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hrūm",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūmas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūmas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūmes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūmum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "hrūm",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hrūm m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "head": "hrūm"
      },
      "expansion": "hrūm m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hrūm"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hrūm",
        "2": "hrūmas",
        "3": "hrūm",
        "4": "hrūmas",
        "5": "hrūmes",
        "6": "hrūma",
        "7": "hrūme",
        "8": "hrūmum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "behrūmian"
        },
        {
          "word": "ċietelhrūm"
        },
        {
          "word": "hrūmiġ"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "9th century, Old English martyrology, entry for Bartholomew on August 25",
          "text": "He him ætywde miċelne siġelhearwan ðǣm wæs sēo onsȳn sweartre ðonne hrūm ... ― He showed them a big Ethiopian whose face was blacker than soot ...",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "soot"
      ],
      "id": "en-hrum-ang-noun-as3Fin5N",
      "links": [
        [
          "soot",
          "soot"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "behrūmiġ"
        },
        {
          "word": "hrȳme"
        },
        {
          "word": "rōmiġ"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "hrum"
}

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{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "behrūmian"
    },
    {
      "word": "ċietelhrūm"
    },
    {
      "word": "hrūmiġ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hrūm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrūm",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hrūm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hrūm",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūmas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūmas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūmes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hrūmum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "hrūm",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hrūm m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "head": "hrūm"
      },
      "expansion": "hrūm m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hrūm"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hrūm",
        "2": "hrūmas",
        "3": "hrūm",
        "4": "hrūmas",
        "5": "hrūmes",
        "6": "hrūma",
        "7": "hrūme",
        "8": "hrūmum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "behrūmiġ"
    },
    {
      "word": "hrȳme"
    },
    {
      "word": "rōmiġ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
        "Old English masculine nouns",
        "Old English nouns",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms with quotations",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "9th century, Old English martyrology, entry for Bartholomew on August 25",
          "text": "He him ætywde miċelne siġelhearwan ðǣm wæs sēo onsȳn sweartre ðonne hrūm ... ― He showed them a big Ethiopian whose face was blacker than soot ...",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "soot"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soot",
          "soot"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "hrum"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"hrum" meaning in Old English

Noun