See hringan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ringen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: ringen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: ringen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "English: ring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ring"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hringijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to ring"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringijaną (“to ring”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hring"
},
"expansion": "Old English hring",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hringijaną (“to ring”), from *hringaz (“ringing sound”), whence Old English hring.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hrinġan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringdest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġeþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hringþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hringde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hringdon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hringden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġehrinġed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrinġan"
},
"expansion": "hrinġan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrinġan<w1>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to ring (make a ringing sound)"
],
"id": "en-hringan-ang-verb-8NZXxlj0",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive and intransitive) to ring (make a ringing sound)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxrin.jɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈr̥in.d͡ʒɑn]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hrinċġan"
}
],
"word": "hringan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "English: ring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ring"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hringijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to surround"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringijaną (“to surround”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hring"
},
"expansion": "Old English hring",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hringijaną (“to surround”), from *hringaz (“ring, circle”), whence Old English hring.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hrinġan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringdest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġeþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hringþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hringde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hringdon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hringden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġehrinġed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrinġan"
},
"expansion": "hrinġan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrinġan<w1>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ymbhrinġan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to surround"
],
"id": "en-hringan-ang-verb-ADq7oVfQ",
"links": [
[
"surround",
"surround"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxrin.jɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈr̥in.d͡ʒɑn]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hrinċġan"
}
],
"word": "hringan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 1 weak verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ringen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: ringen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: ringen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "English: ring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ring"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hringijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to ring"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringijaną (“to ring”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hring"
},
"expansion": "Old English hring",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hringijaną (“to ring”), from *hringaz (“ringing sound”), whence Old English hring.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hrinġan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringdest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġeþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hringþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hringde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hringdon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hringden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġehrinġed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrinġan"
},
"expansion": "hrinġan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrinġan<w1>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English intransitive verbs",
"Old English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to ring (make a ringing sound)"
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive and intransitive) to ring (make a ringing sound)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxrin.jɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈr̥in.d͡ʒɑn]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hrinċġan"
}
],
"word": "hringan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 1 weak verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ymbhrinġan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "English: ring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ring"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hringijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to surround"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringijaną (“to surround”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hring"
},
"expansion": "Old English hring",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hringijaną (“to surround”), from *hringaz (“ring, circle”), whence Old English hring.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hrinġan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringdest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġeþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hringþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hringde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hringdon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hringde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hringden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hrinġed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġehrinġed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrinġan"
},
"expansion": "hrinġan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrinġan<w1>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to surround"
],
"links": [
[
"surround",
"surround"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxrin.jɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈr̥in.d͡ʒɑn]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hrinċġan"
}
],
"word": "hringan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hringan meaning in Old English (7.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.