"garsecg" meaning in Old English

See garsecg in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈɡɑːrˌsejj/, [ˈɡɑːrˌsed͡ʒ]
Etymology: Uncertain. Almost always analyzed as a compound of gār + seċġ, but there is significant disagreement about how to interpret these components. gār is usually glossed as "spear," but the sense "tempest" has been suggested, and Holthausen dubiously connected it to Old English gānian (“to gape”), Sanskrit विहायस् (vihāyas, “atmosphere”). seċġ may be glossed several ways: * "sword" appears least likely. * "sedge" has been suggested (e.g. by Grimm), but the derivation is opaque. * "man; warrior" is perhaps most popular; in this case the sense is "the ocean personified as a warrior," but attempts to find links to spear-wielding water deities (Bosworth-Toller suggests Neptune) have not yielded definitive results. * Some Latin-Old English glossaries have possible variants of secg glossing "sea" (e.g. the Épinal-Erfurt glossary has segg). William Redbond suggested a possible loan from Welsh mor-gaseg (“ocean”), related to modern caseg. Dahlman suggested analysis as gārs (“world's”) + eċġ (“edge”), but this cannot be correct as ecg is a feminine jō-stem. Etymology templates: {{unc|ang|Uncertain}} Uncertain, {{compound|ang|gār|seċġ|}} gār + seċġ, {{nc|sa|विहायस्|t=atmosphere}} Sanskrit विहायस् (vihāyas, “atmosphere”), {{bor|ang|cy|mor-gaseg||ocean}} Welsh mor-gaseg (“ocean”), {{compound|ang|gār|eċġ|alt1=gārs|t1=world's|t2=edge}} gārs (“world's”) + eċġ (“edge”) Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|||||g=m|g2=|g3=|head=gārseċġ|head2=|sort=}} gārseċġ m, {{ang-noun|m|head=gārseċġ}} gārseċġ m Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-a-m|gārseċġ}}, {{ang-decl-noun|gārseċġ|gārseċġas|gārseċġ|gārseċġas|gārseċġes|gārseċġa|gārseċġe|gārseċġum|num=|title=|type=strong a-stem}} Forms: gārseċġ [canonical, masculine], no-table-tags [table-tags], gārseċġ [nominative, singular], gārseċġas [nominative, plural], gārseċġ [accusative, singular], gārseċġas [accusative, plural], gārseċġes [genitive, singular], gārseċġa [genitive, plural], gārseċġe [dative, singular], gārseċġum [dative, plural]
  1. ocean, sea Wikipedia link: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, Dictionary of Old English, Ferdinand Holthausen, Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann, Jacob Grimm, Neptune, Épinal-Erfurt glossary Related terms: ēa (english: river), mere (english: lake), sǣ (english: sea), strēam (english: stream)
    Sense id: en-garsecg-ang-noun-6~fB0-xc Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries
     
{
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        "2": "Uncertain"
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        "1": "sa",
        "2": "विहायस्",
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      "expansion": "Sanskrit विहायस् (vihāyas, “atmosphere”)",
      "name": "nc"
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        "2": "cy",
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        "4": "",
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      "expansion": "Welsh mor-gaseg (“ocean”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
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        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gār",
        "3": "eċġ",
        "alt1": "gārs",
        "t1": "world's",
        "t2": "edge"
      },
      "expansion": "gārs (“world's”) + eċġ (“edge”)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Almost always analyzed as a compound of gār + seċġ, but there is significant disagreement about how to interpret these components. gār is usually glossed as \"spear,\" but the sense \"tempest\" has been suggested, and Holthausen dubiously connected it to Old English gānian (“to gape”), Sanskrit विहायस् (vihāyas, “atmosphere”). seċġ may be glossed several ways:\n* \"sword\" appears least likely.\n* \"sedge\" has been suggested (e.g. by Grimm), but the derivation is opaque.\n* \"man; warrior\" is perhaps most popular; in this case the sense is \"the ocean personified as a warrior,\" but attempts to find links to spear-wielding water deities (Bosworth-Toller suggests Neptune) have not yielded definitive results.\n* Some Latin-Old English glossaries have possible variants of secg glossing \"sea\" (e.g. the Épinal-Erfurt glossary has segg).\nWilliam Redbond suggested a possible loan from Welsh mor-gaseg (“ocean”), related to modern caseg. Dahlman suggested analysis as gārs (“world's”) + eċġ (“edge”), but this cannot be correct as ecg is a feminine jō-stem.",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "gārseċġ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
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    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gārseċġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gārseċġas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gārseċġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gārseċġas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
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    },
    {
      "form": "gārseċġes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
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    {
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      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
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    },
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      "form": "gārseċġe",
      "source": "declension",
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      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
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        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "gārseċġ",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gārseċġ m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "head": "gārseċġ"
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      "expansion": "gārseċġ m",
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      "args": {
        "1": "gārseċġ",
        "2": "gārseċġas",
        "3": "gārseċġ",
        "4": "gārseċġas",
        "5": "gārseċġes",
        "6": "gārseċġa",
        "7": "gārseċġe",
        "8": "gārseċġum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "ocean's expanse, : and this murmuring air.",
          "text": "10th century, \"Exodus\" in the Junius manuscript. Transcribed and translated in 1832, Thorpe, Benjamin (ed.), Cædmon's Metrical Praphrase of Parts of the Holy Scriptures, London: Society of Antiquaries of London; page 204–205, ll. 30–33, 1–4.\nhis ƿuldres ƿord : ƿīddra ⁊ sīddra\nþonne befæðman mæᵹe : fōldan sceattas\neorðan ȳmbhƿȳrft : ⁊ ūp-rodor\nᵹārsecᵹes ᵹīn : ⁊ þeos ᵹeomre lȳft\nHis glory's word : further and wiser spread\nthan may embrace : earth's regions,\nthe world's circumference, : and firmament above,",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ocean, sea"
      ],
      "id": "en-garsecg-ang-noun-6~fB0-xc",
      "links": [
        [
          "ocean",
          "ocean"
        ],
        [
          "sea",
          "sea"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "river",
          "word": "ēa"
        },
        {
          "english": "lake",
          "word": "mere"
        },
        {
          "english": "sea",
          "word": "sǣ"
        },
        {
          "english": "stream",
          "word": "strēam"
        }
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary",
        "Dictionary of Old English",
        "Ferdinand Holthausen",
        "Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann",
        "Jacob Grimm",
        "Neptune",
        "Épinal-Erfurt glossary"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɑːrˌsejj/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɡɑːrˌsed͡ʒ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "garsecg"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "Uncertain"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gār",
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        "4": ""
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        "1": "sa",
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        "t": "atmosphere"
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      "expansion": "Sanskrit विहायस् (vihāyas, “atmosphere”)",
      "name": "nc"
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        "1": "ang",
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        "3": "mor-gaseg",
        "4": "",
        "5": "ocean"
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      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gār",
        "3": "eċġ",
        "alt1": "gārs",
        "t1": "world's",
        "t2": "edge"
      },
      "expansion": "gārs (“world's”) + eċġ (“edge”)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Almost always analyzed as a compound of gār + seċġ, but there is significant disagreement about how to interpret these components. gār is usually glossed as \"spear,\" but the sense \"tempest\" has been suggested, and Holthausen dubiously connected it to Old English gānian (“to gape”), Sanskrit विहायस् (vihāyas, “atmosphere”). seċġ may be glossed several ways:\n* \"sword\" appears least likely.\n* \"sedge\" has been suggested (e.g. by Grimm), but the derivation is opaque.\n* \"man; warrior\" is perhaps most popular; in this case the sense is \"the ocean personified as a warrior,\" but attempts to find links to spear-wielding water deities (Bosworth-Toller suggests Neptune) have not yielded definitive results.\n* Some Latin-Old English glossaries have possible variants of secg glossing \"sea\" (e.g. the Épinal-Erfurt glossary has segg).\nWilliam Redbond suggested a possible loan from Welsh mor-gaseg (“ocean”), related to modern caseg. Dahlman suggested analysis as gārs (“world's”) + eċġ (“edge”), but this cannot be correct as ecg is a feminine jō-stem.",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "gārseċġ",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
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    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
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        "table-tags"
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        "inflection-template"
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    {
      "form": "gārseċġ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gārseċġas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gārseċġ",
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      "tags": [
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        "accusative",
        "plural"
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        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
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      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gārseċġe",
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        "singular"
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        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "gārseċġ",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gārseċġ m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "head": "gārseċġ"
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      "expansion": "gārseċġ m",
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        "1": "gārseċġ"
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      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
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      "args": {
        "1": "gārseċġ",
        "2": "gārseċġas",
        "3": "gārseċġ",
        "4": "gārseċġas",
        "5": "gārseċġes",
        "6": "gārseċġa",
        "7": "gārseċġe",
        "8": "gārseċġum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
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  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "river",
      "word": "ēa"
    },
    {
      "english": "lake",
      "word": "mere"
    },
    {
      "english": "sea",
      "word": "sǣ"
    },
    {
      "english": "stream",
      "word": "strēam"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English compound terms",
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
        "Old English masculine nouns",
        "Old English nouns",
        "Old English terms borrowed from Welsh",
        "Old English terms derived from Welsh",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old English terms with quotations",
        "Old English terms with unknown etymologies",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "ocean's expanse, : and this murmuring air.",
          "text": "10th century, \"Exodus\" in the Junius manuscript. Transcribed and translated in 1832, Thorpe, Benjamin (ed.), Cædmon's Metrical Praphrase of Parts of the Holy Scriptures, London: Society of Antiquaries of London; page 204–205, ll. 30–33, 1–4.\nhis ƿuldres ƿord : ƿīddra ⁊ sīddra\nþonne befæðman mæᵹe : fōldan sceattas\neorðan ȳmbhƿȳrft : ⁊ ūp-rodor\nᵹārsecᵹes ᵹīn : ⁊ þeos ᵹeomre lȳft\nHis glory's word : further and wiser spread\nthan may embrace : earth's regions,\nthe world's circumference, : and firmament above,",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ocean, sea"
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          "ocean",
          "ocean"
        ],
        [
          "sea",
          "sea"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary",
        "Dictionary of Old English",
        "Ferdinand Holthausen",
        "Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann",
        "Jacob Grimm",
        "Neptune",
        "Épinal-Erfurt glossary"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɑːrˌsejj/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɡɑːrˌsed͡ʒ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "garsecg"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

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