"and" meaning in Old English

See and in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adverb

IPA: /ɑnd/
Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *anda, *andi, probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”). Compare Old Frisian and, Old Saxon endi, Old High German unti, Old Norse enn. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*anda, *andi}} Proto-Germanic *anda, *andi, {{der|ang|ine-pro|*h₂énti||facing opposite, near, in front of, before}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”), {{cog|ofs|and}} Old Frisian and, {{cog|osx|endi}} Old Saxon endi, {{cog|goh|unti}} Old High German unti, {{cog|non|enn}} Old Norse enn Head templates: {{ang-adv}} and
  1. even; also
    Sense id: en-and-ang-adv-myy5HlDu
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ond, end, ᚪᚾᛞ (english: and), ᛖᚾᛞ (english: Franks Casket)
Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 0 0

Conjunction

IPA: /ɑnd/
Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *anda, *andi, probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”). Compare Old Frisian and, Old Saxon endi, Old High German unti, Old Norse enn. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*anda, *andi}} Proto-Germanic *anda, *andi, {{der|ang|ine-pro|*h₂énti||facing opposite, near, in front of, before}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”), {{cog|ofs|and}} Old Frisian and, {{cog|osx|endi}} Old Saxon endi, {{cog|goh|unti}} Old High German unti, {{cog|non|enn}} Old Norse enn Head templates: {{head|ang|conjunction}} and
  1. and Synonyms: [symbol]
    Sense id: en-and-ang-conj-YgERG4Og
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ond, end, ᚪᚾᛞ (english: and), ᛖᚾᛞ (english: Franks Casket)
Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 0 0

Alternative forms

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  "descendants": [
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      "depth": 1,
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          "args": {
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            "2": "and"
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          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: and, annd, ant, an, en, ⁊, &\nEnglish: and\nScots: an\nYola: an, an', and"
    }
  ],
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      "name": "inh"
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        "4": "",
        "5": "facing opposite, near, in front of, before"
      },
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      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "and"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian and",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "endi"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon endi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "unti"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German unti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "enn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse enn",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *anda, *andi, probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”). Compare Old Frisian and, Old Saxon endi, Old High German unti, Old Norse enn.",
  "head_templates": [
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  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "conj",
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    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "When I raise myself up and they bow down to me, many with mercy, then I shall increase rising of happiness for men.",
          "ref": "10th century, Exeter Book Riddle 30:",
          "text": "Þonne iċ mec onhebbe ond hī onhnīgaþ tō mē, moniġe mid miltse, þǣr iċ monnum sceal īċan upcyme ēadiġnesse.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "and"
      ],
      "id": "en-and-ang-conj-YgERG4Og",
      "links": [
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          "and",
          "and#English"
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      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "symbol"
          ],
          "word": "⁊"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑnd/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ond"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "end"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "and",
      "word": "ᚪᚾᛞ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "Franks Casket",
      "word": "ᛖᚾᛞ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "and"
}

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  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*anda, *andi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *anda, *andi",
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    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂énti",
        "4": "",
        "5": "facing opposite, near, in front of, before"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "and"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian and",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "endi"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon endi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "unti"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German unti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "enn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse enn",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *anda, *andi, probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”). Compare Old Frisian and, Old Saxon endi, Old High German unti, Old Norse enn.",
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  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adv",
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    {
      "glosses": [
        "even; also"
      ],
      "id": "en-and-ang-adv-myy5HlDu",
      "links": [
        [
          "even",
          "even"
        ],
        [
          "also",
          "also"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑnd/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ond"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "end"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "and",
      "word": "ᚪᚾᛞ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "Franks Casket",
      "word": "ᛖᚾᛞ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "and"
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    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 18 entries",
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          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: and, annd, ant, an, en, ⁊, &\nEnglish: and\nScots: an\nYola: an, an', and"
    }
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      "name": "der"
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        "2": "and"
      },
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        "1": "osx",
        "2": "endi"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon endi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "unti"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German unti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "enn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse enn",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *anda, *andi, probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”). Compare Old Frisian and, Old Saxon endi, Old High German unti, Old Norse enn.",
  "head_templates": [
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  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "conj",
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        "Old English terms with quotations"
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      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "When I raise myself up and they bow down to me, many with mercy, then I shall increase rising of happiness for men.",
          "ref": "10th century, Exeter Book Riddle 30:",
          "text": "Þonne iċ mec onhebbe ond hī onhnīgaþ tō mē, moniġe mid miltse, þǣr iċ monnum sceal īċan upcyme ēadiġnesse.",
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        "and"
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          "and",
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    {
      "ipa": "/ɑnd/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "symbol"
      ],
      "word": "⁊"
    },
    {
      "word": "ond"
    },
    {
      "word": "end"
    },
    {
      "english": "and",
      "word": "ᚪᚾᛞ"
    },
    {
      "english": "Franks Casket",
      "word": "ᛖᚾᛞ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "and"
}

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    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 18 entries",
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    },
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      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”)",
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        "2": "endi"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon endi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "unti"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German unti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
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        "1": "non",
        "2": "enn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse enn",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *anda, *andi, probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”). Compare Old Frisian and, Old Saxon endi, Old High German unti, Old Norse enn.",
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  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "even; also"
      ],
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        [
          "even",
          "even"
        ],
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          "also",
          "also"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑnd/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "ond"
    },
    {
      "word": "end"
    },
    {
      "english": "and",
      "word": "ᚪᚾᛞ"
    },
    {
      "english": "Franks Casket",
      "word": "ᛖᚾᛞ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "and"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.